title: Secondary augmentation-mastopexy: indications, preferred practices, and the treatment of complications.
abstract: Increasing the volume of the breast while simultaneously decreasing the skin envelope equates to surgery involving opposing forces. Increasing patient demand and the evolving perceptions of surgeons have led to the growing popularity of the combined augmentation-mastopexy operation. In turn, secondary augmentation-mastopexies and revisional surgeries of primary augmentation-mastopexies also have increased in popularity. In this article, the authors describe indications for secondary augmentation-mastopexy, techniques for performing this combined procedure safely and effectively, adjunctive procedures, potential pitfalls, and the treatment of complications.
authors.affiliation: Drs Spring and Macias are Clinical Assistant Professors of Surgery and Dr Stevens is a Clinical Professor of Surgery in the Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California in Los AngelesDr Nadeau is an Aesthetic Surgery Fellow at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles drmichellespring@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Michelle A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Spring
authors.affiliation: Drs Spring and Macias are Clinical Assistant Professors of Surgery and Dr Stevens is a Clinical Professor of Surgery in the Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California in Los AngelesDr Nadeau is an Aesthetic Surgery Fellow at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles.
authors.forename: Luis H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Macias
authors.affiliation: Drs Spring and Macias are Clinical Assistant Professors of Surgery and Dr Stevens is a Clinical Professor of Surgery in the Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California in Los AngelesDr Nadeau is an Aesthetic Surgery Fellow at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles.
authors.forename: Meghan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nadeau
authors.affiliation: Drs Spring and Macias are Clinical Assistant Professors of Surgery and Dr Stevens is a Clinical Professor of Surgery in the Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California in Los AngelesDr Nadeau is an Aesthetic Surgery Fellow at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles.
authors.forename: W Grant
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Stevens
mesh_terms: D001940:Breast / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000601:surgery*; D019928:Breast Implantation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D018427:Breast Implants; D020878:Device Removal / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D018579:Patient Selection; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000601:surgery*; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D012086:Reoperation; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: augmentation-mastopexy; breast implants; revisional breast surgery; secondary breast surgery