title: Anti-inflammatory effect of IL-37b in children with allergic rhinitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Interleukin-37 (IL-37), a newly described member of IL-1family, functioned as a fundamental inhibitor of innate inflammatory and immune responses, especially its isoform IL-37b.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study was undertaken to evaluate the expression and regulation of IL-37b in children with allergic rhinitis (AR).
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty children with AR and twenty-five normal controls were included. The relationship between IL-37b and Th1/2 cytokines production in serum and nasal lavage was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were purified for in vitro regulation experiment of IL-37b. Intranasal mometasone furoate was given in AR children and IL-37b change after one-month treatment was detected using ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We observed significantly decreased IL-37b expression levels in both serum and nasal lavage compared to controls. IL-37b was negatively correlated with Th2 cytokines. Our results also showed that IL-37b downregulated Th2 cytokine expressed by PBMCs and this modulation was through mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway. We also found that intranasal mometasone furoate therapy can promote nasal IL-37b expression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IL-37b may be involved in Th2 cytokine regulation in AR and its expression was related to the efficacy of intranasal steroid therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical College, No. 9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou 510623, China.
authors.forename: Wenlong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical College, No. 9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou 510623, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical College, No. 9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou 510623, China.
authors.forename: Yanqiu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical College, No. 9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou 510623, China.
authors.forename: Changzhi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical College, No. 9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou 510623, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical College, No. 9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou 510623, China.
authors.forename: Lifeng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai 200092, China.
authors.forename: Huabin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical College, No. 9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou 510623, China.
authors.forename: Renzhong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Luo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism*; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D015848:Interleukin-5 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D065631:Rhinitis, Allergic / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000378:metabolism; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C508587:IL37 protein, human; D007375:Interleukin-1; D015848:Interleukin-5; D016753:Interleukin-10; D018664:Interleukin-12; D015847:Interleukin-4