title: Mechanism of action of colchicine in the treatment of gout.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aims of this article were to systematically review the literature about the mechanism of action of colchicine in the multimodal pathology of acute inflammation associated with gout and to consider the clinical utility of colchicine in other chronic inflammatory diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  The English-language literature on PubMed was searched for articles published between 1990 and October 2013, with a cross-reference to citations across all years. Relevant articles pertaining to the mechanism of action of colchicine and the clinical applications of colchicine in gout and other inflammatory conditions were identified and reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The molecular pathology of acute inflammation associated with gouty arthritis involves several concurrent pathways triggered by a variety of interactions between monosodium urate crystals and the surface of cells. Colchicine modulates multiple pro- and antiinflammatory pathways associated with gouty arthritis. Colchicine prevents microtubule assembly and thereby disrupts inflammasome activation, microtubule-based inflammatory cell chemotaxis, generation of leukotrienes and cytokines, and phagocytosis. Many of these cellular processes can be found in other diseases involving chronic inflammation. The multimodal mechanism of action of colchicine suggests potential efficacy of colchicine in other comorbid conditions associated with gout, such as osteoarthritis and cardiovascular disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Colchicine has multiple mechanisms of action that affect inflammatory processes and result in its utility for treating and preventing acute gout flare. Other chronic inflammatory diseases that invoke these molecular pathways may represent new therapeutic applications for colchicine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. Electronic address: n.dalbeth@auckland.ac.nz.
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dalbeth
authors.affiliation: Medical Affairs, URL Pharma Inc, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Lauterio
authors.affiliation: Kyowa Kirin Pharma, Inc, New Jersey.
authors.forename: Henry R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Wolfe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003078:Colchicine / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006073:Gout / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D006074:Gout Suppressants / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D006074:Gout Suppressants; D003078:Colchicine
keywords: colchicine; gout; inflammatory arthritis; mechanism of action