title: Corrosion kinetics and topography analysis of Ti-6Al-4V alloy subjected to different mouthwash solutions.
abstract: This study evaluated the corrosion kinetics and surface topography of Ti-6Al-4V alloy exposed to mouthwash solutions (0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate, 0.053% cetylpyridinium chloride and 3% hydrogen peroxide) compared to artificial saliva (pH6.5) (control). Twenty Ti-6Al-4V alloy disks were used and divided into 4 groups (n=5). For the electrochemical assay, standard tests as open circuit potential and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were applied at baseline, 7 and 14days after immersion in the solutions. Scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and profilometry (average roughness - Ra) were used for surface characterization. Total weight loss of disks was calculated. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Bonferroni's test (α=0.05). Hydrogen peroxide generated the lowest polarization resistance (Rp) values for all periods (P<0.05). For the capacitance (Cdl), similar results were observed among groups at baseline (P=0.098). For the 7 and 14-day periods, hydrogen peroxide promoted the highest Cdl values (P<0.0001). Hydrogen peroxide promoted expressive superficial changes and greater Ra values than the others (P<0.0001). It could be concluded that solutions containing cetylpyridinium chloride and chlorhexidine digluconate might be the mouthwashes of choice during the post-operatory period of dental implants. However, hydrogen peroxide is counter-indicated in these situations. Further studies evaluating the dynamics of these solutions (tribocorrosion) and immersing the disks in daily cycles (two or three times a day) to mimic a clinical situation closest to the application of mouthwashes in the oral cavity are warranted to prove our results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, Aracatuba Dental School, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jose Bonifacio, 1193, Aracatuba, São Paulo 16015-050, Brazil; Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Aracatuba Dental School, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jose Bonifacio, 1193, Aracatuba, São Paulo 16015-050, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leonardo Perez
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Faverani
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Limeira 901, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil. Electronic address: barao@fop.unicamp.br.
authors.forename: Valentim Adelino Ricardo
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Barao
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Aracatuba Dental School, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jose Bonifacio, 1193, Aracatuba, São Paulo 16015-050, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Flávia Araújo
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Pires
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago-College of Dentistry, 801 S Paulina, Chicago, IL 60612-7211, USA.
authors.forename: Judy Chia-Chun
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago-College of Dentistry, 801 S Paulina, Chicago, IL 60612-7211, USA.
authors.forename: Cortino
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sukotjo
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, 1611 West Harrison, Chicago, IL 60612-7211, USA.
authors.forename: Mathew T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Mathew
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Aracatuba Dental School, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jose Bonifacio, 1193, Aracatuba, São Paulo 16015-050, Brazil.
authors.forename: Wirley Gonçalves
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Assunção
mesh_terms: D000497:Alloys; D003343:Corrosion; D007700:Kinetics; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D009067:Mouthwashes; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium
chemical_list: D000497:Alloys; D009067:Mouthwashes; C031462:titanium alloy (TiAl6V4); D014025:Titanium
keywords: Cetylpyridinium chloride; Chlorhexidine gluconate; Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy; Hydrogen peroxide; Titanium