title: Low-load high-repetition resistance training improves strength and gait speed in middle-aged and older adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effect of 26 weeks of low-load high-repetition resistance training (BodyPump™) on maximal strength, gait speed, balance and self-reported health status in healthy, active middle-aged and older adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two-group randomised control trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-eight apparently healthy, active adults aged over 55 years completed either 26 weeks of BodyPump™ training (PUMP) or served as control participants (CON). The BodyPump™ group (n = 32, age = 66 ± 4 years) trained twice per week for 26 weeks while the control group (n = 36, age = 66 ± 5 years) continued with their normal activities. Leg-press and Smith-machine bench-press one repetition maximum (1RM), gait speed, balance, and self-reported health status were all assessed at baseline and follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant group-by-time interactions in favour of the BodyPump™ group were found for leg-press 1RM (PUMP + 13%, CON + 3%, p = 0.007, partial eta(2) = 0.11), Smith-machine bench-press 1RM (PUMP + 14%, CON +5%, p = 0.001, partial eta(2) = 0.18), normal gait speed (PUMP + 23%, CON +9 %, p = 0.028, partial eta(2) = 0.08) and single leg balance right (PUMP + 24%, CON - 7%, p = 0.006, partial eta(2) = 0.12). There were no group-by-time interactions for health status measures. Three participants in the BodyPump™ group withdrew from training due to injury or fear of injury related to training.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low-load high-repetition resistance training in the form of BodyPump™ is effective at improving maximal strength, gait speed and some aspects of standing balance in adults over 55 years. The training was well tolerated by the majority of participants.
authors.affiliation: School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia. Electronic address: Vaughan.Nicholson@research.usc.edu.au.
authors.forename: Vaughan P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Nicholson
authors.affiliation: School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Mark R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: McKean
authors.affiliation: School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Brendan J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Burkett
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology*; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology*; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D004856:Postural Balance / Q000502:physiology*; D055070:Resistance Training / Q000379:methods*; D057566:Self Report; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Ageing; BodyPump™; Exercise; Health status; Postural balance