title: The Impact of Child Behaviour Problems on Maternal Employment: A Longitudinal Cohort Study.
abstract: This prospective population-based study examined associations between children's behaviour problems and maternal employment. Information on children's behaviour problems at 3 years from 22,115 mothers employed before pregnancy and participating in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study were linked to national register data on employment and relevant social background factors, mothers' self-reported susceptibility to anxiety/depression and mother-reports of day-care attendance and fathers' income. Mothers reporting their child to have severe (>2 SD) internalizing or severe combined behaviour problems (5 %) had excess risk of leaving paid employment irrespective of other important characteristics generally associated with maternal employment (RR 1.24-1.31). The attributable risk percent ranged from 30.3 % (internalizing problems) to 32.4 % (combined problems). Externalizing behaviour problems were not uniquely associated with mothers leaving employment.
authors.affiliation: Division of Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Ragnhild Bang
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Nes
authors.affiliation: Division of Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Lars Johan
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Hauge
authors.affiliation: Division of Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, Norway ; Statistics Norway, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kornstad
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway ; Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Petter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kristensen
authors.affiliation: University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Markus A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Landolt
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Sørlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway.
authors.forename: Leif T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Eskedal
authors.affiliation: Medical Birth Registry of Norway, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway ; Department of Global Public Health and Primary Health Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Lorentz M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Irgens
authors.affiliation: Division of Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, Norway ; Institute of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Margarete E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Vollrath
keywords: Behaviour problems; Child care; Child health; Employment; Work participation