title: Dietary combination of sucrose and linoleic acid causes skeletal muscle metabolic abnormalities in Zucker fatty rats through specific modification of fatty acid composition.
abstract: A dietary combination of sucrose and linoleic acid strongly contributes to the development of metabolic disorders in Zucker fatty rats. However, the underlying mechanisms of the metabolic disorders are poorly understood. We hypothesized that the metabolic disorders were triggered at a stage earlier than the 8 weeks we had previously reported. In this study, we investigated early molecular events induced by the sucrose and linoleic acid diet in Zucker fatty rats by comparison with other combinations of carbohydrate (sucrose or palatinose) and fat (linoleic acid or oleic acid). Skeletal muscle arachidonic acid levels were significantly increased in the sucrose and linoleic acid group compared to the other dietary groups at 4 weeks, while there were no obvious differences in the metabolic phenotype between the groups. Expression of genes related to arachidonic acid synthesis was induced in skeletal muscle but not in liver and adipose tissue in sucrose and linoleic acid group rats. In addition, the sucrose and linoleic acid group exhibited a rapid induction in endoplasmic reticulum stress and abnormal lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle. We concluded that the dietary combination of sucrose and linoleic acid primarily induces metabolic disorders in skeletal muscle through increases in arachidonic acid and endoplasmic reticulum stress, in advance of systemic metabolic disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Hirokazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohminami
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Kikuko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Amo
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Taketani
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazusa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Makiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukaya
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uebanso
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan ; Department of Laboratory of Clinical Nutrition Management, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences & Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
authors.forename: Hidekazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.affiliation: Nutrition Research Department, Food Science Research Laboratories, Meiji Co., Ltd., 540 Naruda, Odawara, Kanagawa 250-0862, Japan.
authors.forename: Megumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koganei
authors.affiliation: Nutrition Research Department, Food Science Research Laboratories, Meiji Co., Ltd., 540 Naruda, Odawara, Kanagawa 250-0862, Japan.
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Hisami
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamanaka-Okumura
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Hironori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Takeda
keywords: ER stress; arachidonic acid; combination diet; insulin sensitivity; lipotoxicity