title: Effects of platelet-rich plasma and cell coculture on angiogenesis in human dental pulp stem cells and endothelial progenitor cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been described as platelet concentrate. Growth factors released by activated platelets can improve wound vasculogenesis and enhance wound healing. In this study, we used PRP instead of serum to culture human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and investigated revascularization ability. The effect of hDPSC and EPC coculture on vasculogenesis was also studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  PRP was prepared by secondary centrifugation. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were used to determine the expression of vasculogenesis-related factors vascular endothelial growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, fetal liver kinase 1 (Flk-1), and stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) in cultured hDPSCs and EPCs. The cells were divided into 4 groups: EPCs + 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), EPCs + 10% PRP, EPCs + hDPSCs + 10% FBS, and EPCs + hDPSCs + 10% PRP. Then, the formation of vessel-like structures was tested by the tube formation assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On day 3, the expression levels of all the markers in the coculture groups were much higher than in the single-culture groups and were also higher in the PRP groups compared with the FBS groups (P < .05), except for SDF-1. Expression levels were significantly higher in the experimental groups (EPCs + 10% PRP, EPCs + hDPSCs + 10% FBS, and EPCs + hDPSCs + 10% PRP) than in the control group (EPCs + 10% FBS) and in the PRP groups/coculture groups compared with the FBS groups/single-culture groups (P < .01). The tube formation assay showed the area of vessel-like structures formed by the PRP group to be larger than in the FBS group (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PRP and coculture can both promote vasculogenesis, and PRP can promote EPCs to form vessel-like structures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, China; College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xinzhu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, China; College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, China; College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: wubuling623@163.com.
authors.forename: Buling
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, China; College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, China; College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Aoxiang
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Luo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D042501:Angiogenic Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12 / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D005312:Fetal Blood; D006801:Humans; D055806:Microvessels / Q000254:growth & development; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000502:physiology*; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000032:analysis; D053657:Platelet-Rich Plasma / Q000502:physiology*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000032:analysis; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 / Q000032:analysis; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D042501:Angiogenic Proteins; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2
keywords: Coculture; endothelial progenitor cells; human dental pulp stem cells; platelet-rich plasma; vasculogenesis