title: Non-melanoma skin cancer and NSAID use in women with a history of skin cancer in the Women's Health Initiative.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Evidence for the effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) risk is inconsistent. We prospectively examined whether regular, inconsistent, or no/low-use of NSAIDs is associated with lower NMSC risk among 54,728 postmenopausal Caucasian women in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study enrolled between 1993 and 1998.
  
  
  METHODS
  Logistic regression models were used to assess odds of NMSC after adjusting for skin type, sun exposure history and indication for NSAID use.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 7652 incident cases of NMSC (median follow-up: 6.9years). There was no association between regular NSAID-use and NMSC risk relative to no/low-users. However, in a subgroup analysis of 5325 women with a history of skin cancer (incident NMSC: 1897), odds of NMSC were lower among regular NSAID users whether <5years (OR 0.82, 95% CI: 0.70-0.95) or ≥5years (OR 0.82, 95% CI: 0.69-0.98) of use compared to no/low-users. Inconsistent NSAID use and acetaminophen use were not associated with NMSC risk.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall, NSAID use was not associated with NMSC risk. However, in women with a history of skin cancer, regular NSAID use was associated with 18% lower odds of NMSC. Future studies on potential chemopreventative effects of NSAIDs should focus on subjects with prior history of NMSC.
authors.affiliation: University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Stanford University, Department of Dermatology, Redwood City, CA, United States. Electronic address: awysong@usc.edu.
authors.forename: Ashley
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wysong
authors.affiliation: Stanford University, Department of Dermatology, Redwood City, CA, United States.
authors.forename: Mina S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Ally
authors.affiliation: Stanford University School of Medicine and Cancer Institute, Stanford, CA, United States.
authors.forename: Christina S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Gamba
authors.affiliation: Stanford University School of Medicine and Cancer Institute, Stanford, CA, United States.
authors.forename: Manisha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Desai
authors.affiliation: Stanford University, Department of Dermatology, Redwood City, CA, United States; Stanford University School of Medicine and Cancer Institute, Stanford, CA, United States; VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States.
authors.forename: Susan M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Swetter
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States.
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Seiffert-Sinha
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States.
authors.forename: Animesh A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Sinha
authors.affiliation: Stanford University School of Medicine and Cancer Institute, Stanford, CA, United States.
authors.forename: Marcia L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Stefanick
authors.affiliation: Stanford University, Department of Dermatology, Redwood City, CA, United States; Stanford University School of Medicine and Cancer Institute, Stanford, CA, United States.
authors.forename: Jean Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000009:adverse effects; D000368:Aged; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001241:Aspirin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D044465:White People; D016387:Women's Health
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000082:Acetaminophen; D001241:Aspirin
keywords: Anti-inflammatory drugs; Aspirin; Female; Non-melanoma skin cancer; Non-steroidal