title: Yellow pea fiber improves glycemia and reduces Clostridium leptum in diet-induced obese rats.
abstract: Numerous studies have demonstrated the impact of functional fibers on gut microbiota and metabolic health, but some less well-studied fibers and/or fractions of foods known to be high in fiber still warrant examination. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of yellow pea-derived fractions varying in fiber and protein content on metabolic parameters and gut microbiota in diet-induced obese rats. We hypothesized that the yellow pea fiber (PF) fraction would improve glycemia and alter gut microbiota. Rats were randomized to 1 of 5 isoenergetic dietary treatments for 6 weeks: (1) control; (2) oligofructose (OFS); (3) yellow PF; (4) yellow pea flour (PFL); or (5) yellow pea starch (PS). Glycemia, plasma gut hormones, body composition, hepatic triglyceride content, gut microbiota, and messenger RNA expression of genes related to hepatic fat metabolism were examined. Pea flour attenuated weight gain compared with control, PF, and PS (P < .05). Pea flour, PS, and OFS had significantly lower final percent body fat compared with control. Oligofructose but not the pea fraction diets reduced food intake compared with control (P < .05). Pea fiber resulted in lower fasting glucose and glucose area under the curve compared with control. Changes in gut microbiota were fraction specific and included a decrease in Firmicutes (percent) for OFS, PF, and PFL compared with control (P < .05). The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio was reduced with OFS, PF, and PFL when compared with PS (P < .05). Taken together, this work suggests that yellow pea-derived fractions are able to distinctly modulate metabolic parameters and gut microbiota in obese rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
authors.forename: Amanda J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Eslinger
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
authors.forename: Lindsay K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Eller
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. Electronic address: reimer@ucalgary.ca.
authors.forename: Raylene A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Reimer
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects; D003013:Clostridium / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000187:drug effects; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000382:microbiology; D008297:Male; D064307:Microbiota / Q000187:drug effects*; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D018532:Pisum sativum / Q000737:chemistry*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C120489:oligofructose
keywords: Adiposity; Glycemia; Microbiome; Obesity; Pulse grain; Rat