title: Complete nucleotide sequence of a plasmid containing the botulinum neurotoxin gene in Clostridium botulinum type B strain 111 isolated from an infant patient in Japan.
abstract: Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are highly potent toxins that are produced by Clostridium botulinum. We determined the complete nucleotide sequence of a plasmid containing the botulinum neurotoxin gene in C. botulinum type B strain 111 in order to obtain an insight into the toxigenicity and evolution of the bont gene in C. botulinum. Group I C. botulinum type B strain 111 was isolated from the first case of infant botulism in Japan in 1995. In previous studies, botulinum neurotoxin subtype B2 (BoNT/B2) produced by strain 111 exhibited different antigenic properties from those of authentic BoNT/B1 produced by strain Okra. We have recently shown that the isolates of strain 111 that lost toxigenicity were cured of the plasmid containing the bont/B2 gene. In the present study, the plasmid (named pCB111) was circular 265,575 bp double-stranded DNA and contained 332 predicted open reading frames (ORFs). 85 gene products of these ORFs could be functionally assigned on the basis of sequence homology to known proteins. The bont/B2 complex genes were located on pCB111 and some gene products may be involved in the conjugative plasmid transfer and horizontal transfer of bont genes. pCB111 was similar to previously identified plasmids containing bont/B1, /B5, or/A3 complex genes in other group I C. botulinum strains. It was suggested that these plasmids had been derived from a common ancestor and had played important roles for the bont gene transfer between C. botulinum.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku Orai Kita, Izumisano, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan.
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hosomi
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakaguchi
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kohda
authors.forename: Kazuyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gotoh
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Motooka
authors.forename: Shota
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Umeda
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iida
authors.forename: Shunji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kozaki
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mukamoto
mesh_terms: D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000235:genetics*; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A; D001906:Botulism / Q000382:microbiology; D047014:Clostridium botulinum type B / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007564:Japan; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: C096323:rimabotulinumtoxinB; D001905:Botulinum Toxins; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A