title: Micro- and nanotechnologies for intracellular delivery.
abstract: The majority of drugs and biomolecules need to be delivered into cells to be effective. However, the cell membranes, a biological barrier, strictly resist drugs or biomolecules entering cells, resulting in significantly reduced intracellular delivery efficiency. To overcome this barrier, a variety of intracellular delivery approaches including chemical and physical ways have been developed in recent years. In this review, the focus is on summarizing the nanomaterial routes involved in making use of a collection of receptors for the targeted delivery of drugs and biomolecules and the physical ways of applying micro- and nanotechnologies for high-throughput intracellular delivery.
authors.affiliation: Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF) and Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Jinfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Chun-Sing
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Xianfeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D004705:Endocytosis; D006801:Humans; D036103:Nanotechnology
keywords: cell receptors; intracellular delivery; nanoneedle arrays; targeted delivery