title: The earliest fossil record of Panorpidae (Mecoptera) from the Middle Jurassic of China.
abstract: The early history of Panorpidae (Mecoptera) is poorly known due to sparse fossil records. Up to date, only nine fossil species have been described, all from the Paleogene, except the Early Cretaceous Solusipanorpa gibbidorsa Lin, 1980. However, we suggest S. gibbidorsa is too incompletely preserved to permit even family classification. A new genus with two new species, Jurassipanorpa impunctata gen. et sp. n. and Jurassipanorpa sticta sp. n., are described based on four well-preserved specimens from the late Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation of Daohugou, Inner Mongolia, China. These two new species are the earliest fossil records of Panorpidae. The new genus is erected based on a combination of forewing characters: both R1 and Rs1 with two branches, 1A reaching posterior margin of wing distad of the forking of Rs from R1, and no crossveins or only one crossvein between veins of 1A and 2A. In all four specimens, long and robust setae ranging from 0.09 to 0.38 mm in length and pointing anteriorly, are present on anal veins of forewings. The function of these setae is enigmatic.
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Insect Evolution and Environmental Change, College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, 105 Xisanhuanbeilu, Beijing 100048, China.
authors.forename: He
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Insect Evolution and Environmental Change, College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, 105 Xisanhuanbeilu, Beijing 100048, China.
authors.forename: Chungkun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shih
authors.affiliation: Borissiak Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya st. 123, Moscow 117997, Russia.
authors.forename: Alexei
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bashkuev
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Insect Evolution and Environmental Change, College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, 105 Xisanhuanbeilu, Beijing 100048, China.
authors.forename: Yunyun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Insect Evolution and Environmental Change, College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, 105 Xisanhuanbeilu, Beijing 100048, China.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ren
keywords: Daohugou; Jiulongshan Formation; Jurassipanorpa; new genus; new species