title: Multipotency of equine mesenchymal stem cells derived from synovial fluid.
abstract: Cartilage regeneration with cell therapy following arthroscopic surgery could be used in racehorses with intra-articular fractures (IAF) and osteochondritis dissecans (OCD). The aims of this study were to investigate the origin and multipotency of stromal cells in the synovial fluid (SF) of horses with intra-articular injury and synovitis, and to provide a new strategy for regeneration of lost articular cartilage. Mesenchymal stromal cells were isolated from SF of horses with IAF and OCD. Multipotency was analysed by RT-PCR for specific mRNAs and staining for production of specific extracellular matrices after induction of differentiation. The total number of SF-derived mesenchymal stromal cells reached >1 × 10(7) by the fourth passage. SF-derived cells were strongly positive (>90% cells positive) for CD44, CD90 and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I, and moderately positive (60-80% cells positive) for CD11a/CD18, CD105 and MHC class II by flow cytometry. SF-derived cells were negative for CD34 and CD45. Under specific nutrient conditions, SF-derived cells differentiated into osteogenic, chondrogenic, adipogenic and tenogenic lineages, as indicated by the expression of specific marker genes and by the production of specific extracellular matrices. Chondrogenic induction in culture resulted in a change in cell shape to a 'stone-wall' appearance and formation of a gelatinous sheet that was intensely stained with Alcian blue. SF may be a novel source of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells with the ability to regenerate chondrocytes.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 21-24 Korimoto 1-chome, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Murata
authors.affiliation: Hidaka Horse Breeders Association, 175-2 Shizunai-Shinmori, Shinhidaka-cyo, Hidaka-gun, Hokkaido 056-0002, Japan.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Miyakoshi
authors.affiliation: Kyushu Stallion Station, The Japan Bloodhorse Bleeders' Association, 3995 Nagata, Osaki-cho, Soo-gun, Kagoshima 899-8313, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hatazoe
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 21-24 Korimoto 1-chome, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 21-24 Korimoto 1-chome, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tokunaga
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 21-24 Korimoto 1-chome, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujiki
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saga University, 1 Honjyo-cho, Saga 840-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 21-24 Korimoto 1-chome, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan. Electronic address: kaz_msm@vet.kagoshima-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Misumi
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D005260:Female; D006736:Horses; D008297:Male; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000166:cytology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: Differentiation; Equine; Mesenchymal stem cells; Synovial fluid