title: Do changes in muscle architecture affect post-activation potentiation?
abstract: The purpose of this randomized, cross-over design study was to examine the effect of three different muscle potentiation protocols on acute changes in muscle architecture and vertical jump performance. Eleven experienced, resistance trained men (25.2±3.6y) completed three potentiation squat protocols using moderate intensity (MI; 75%, 3 sets x 10 repetitions), high intensity (HI; 90%, 3 sets x 3 repetitions) and 100% (1RM; 1 set x 1repetition) of their 1RM. In addition, all participants completed a control session (CTL) in which no protocol was performed. During each testing session, muscle architecture and vertical jump testing were assessed at baseline (BL), 8min post (8P) and 20min post (20P) workout. Ultrasound measures included cross sectional area (CSA) and pennation angle (PANG) of both the rectus femoris (RF) and vastus lateralis (VL). Following each ultrasound measure, peak vertical jump power (PVJP) and mean (MVJP) power was assessed using an accelerometer. Magnitude based inferences were used to make comparisons between trials. The MI trial resulted in a likely greater increase from BL to 8P and 20P in RF-CSA and VL-CSA, while the HI trial resulted in a likely greater change from BL to 20P in both RF-CSA and VL-CSA. Meanwhile, changes in PVJP and MVJP for the MI trial was likely decreased at BL-8P and BL-20P, while the HI trial was shown to result in a likely or possible decrease compared to CTL at BL-8P and BL-20P, respectively. A likely negative relationship was observed between changes in VL-PANG and MVJP (r = -0.35; p , 0.018) at BL-8P, and between changes in PVJP and RF-CSA (r = -0.37; p , 0.014) at BL-20P. Results of this study were unable to demonstrate any potentiation response from the trials employed, however these protocols did result in acute muscle architectural changes. Key pointsThree squat protocols using moderate intensity (75% 1-RM; 3 sets x 10 repetitions), high intensity (90% 1-RM, 3 sets x 3 repetitions) and maximal intensity (100% 1RM; 1 set x 1repetition) were unable to potentiate jump height or jump power in experienced, resistance trained men.Experienced, resistance trained athletes who are not competitive may be limited in regards to potentiation due to a poor level of conditioning.Both the moderate and high intensity potentiation protocols stimulated acute changes in muscle architecture. Greater increases in the CSA of both the RF and VL muscles were noted.A different potentiation protocol may have elicited greater changes in muscle architecture.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Exercise Physiology & Wellness, University of Central Florida , Orlando, FL 32816.
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Reardon
authors.affiliation: Institute of Exercise Physiology & Wellness, University of Central Florida , Orlando, FL 32816.
authors.forename: Jay R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.affiliation: Institute of Exercise Physiology & Wellness, University of Central Florida , Orlando, FL 32816.
authors.forename: Gerald T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Mangine
authors.affiliation: Institute of Exercise Physiology & Wellness, University of Central Florida , Orlando, FL 32816.
authors.forename: Adam J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Wells
authors.affiliation: Institute of Exercise Physiology & Wellness, University of Central Florida , Orlando, FL 32816.
authors.forename: Adam M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.affiliation: Institute of Exercise Physiology & Wellness, University of Central Florida , Orlando, FL 32816.
authors.forename: Adam R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Jajtner
authors.affiliation: Institute of Exercise Physiology & Wellness, University of Central Florida , Orlando, FL 32816.
authors.forename: Jeremy R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Townsend
authors.affiliation: Institute of Exercise Physiology & Wellness, University of Central Florida , Orlando, FL 32816.
authors.forename: William P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: McCormack
authors.affiliation: Institute of Exercise Physiology & Wellness, University of Central Florida , Orlando, FL 32816.
authors.forename: Jeffrey R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Stout
authors.affiliation: Institute of Exercise Physiology & Wellness, University of Central Florida , Orlando, FL 32816.
authors.forename: Maren S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Fragala
authors.affiliation: Institute of Exercise Physiology & Wellness, University of Central Florida , Orlando, FL 32816.
authors.forename: David H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Fukuda
keywords: Athletes; Performance; Resistance Exercise; Sport; Squats