title: [Effects of bisphenol-A on blastocyst development and implantation].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effects of bisphenol-A (BPA) on blastocyst development and implantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  According to completely randomized grouping method, 90 pregnant mice were divided into 100, 300, and 600 mg/(kg·d)BPA groups and control group. BPA-treated pregnant mice were orally administered with BPA at concentrations of 100, 300 and 600 mg/(kg·d) from day 0.5 to day 3.5 of their pregnancy. Blastocyst implantation and development were studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the 300 mg/(kg·d) BPA group, the number of implantation sites and implantation rate were significantly decreased. In the 600 mg/(kg·d) group, no implantation sites were observed among pregnant mice and BPA inhibited embryo implantation. Blastocyst development on day 4 was examined, and findings showed that the development rate and total numbers of blastocysts in BPA treatment groups had no significant difference from the control group. However, BPA at 300 and 600 mg/(kg·d) significantly reduced blastocyst hatching rate and dramatically increased the number of blastocyst apoptotic cells when compared with those in the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BPA at a high concentration damages the blastocyst development before implantation and inhibits embryo implantation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology,Jilin Medical College,Jilin 132013,China.
authors.forename: Pei-pei
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology,Jilin Medical College,Jilin 132013,China.
authors.forename: Xiao-yan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology,Jilin Medical College,Jilin 132013,China.
authors.forename: Hong-he
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology,Jilin Medical College,Jilin 132013,China.
authors.forename: Zhi-xin
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medicine Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College,Jining,Shandong 272029,China.
authors.forename: Xue-nan
authors.initials: XN
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology,Jilin Medical College,Jilin 132013,China.
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology,Jilin Medical College,Jilin 132013,China.
authors.forename: Wen-jing
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology,Jilin Medical College,Jilin 132013,China.
authors.forename: Hua-yi
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology,Jilin Medical College,Jilin 132013,China.
authors.forename: Zhao-hua
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Dou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001755:Blastocyst / Q000187:drug effects*; D010064:Embryo Implantation; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D010636:Phenols; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds