title: Paclitaxel-loaded stealth liposomes: Development, characterization, pharmacokinetics, and biodistribution.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In the present paper, paclitaxel (PTX)-loaded stealth liposomes were prepared with thin film hydration technique in order to prolong the time of circulation.
  
  
  METHODS
  The liposomes' characterization, in vitro release, pharmacokinetics, and biodistribution profile of the drug were investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Microscope showed that the liposomes were spherical in shape with a smooth surface and the size was uniform and appropriate for administration via intravenous injection. The encapsulation efficiency was 91.1 ± 4.3%, and the mean diameter was 82.2 ± 7.6 nm from three batches. The results of in vivo studies indicated that PTX-loaded stealth liposomes show favorable pharmacokinetics and biodistribution compared to the free drug. In comparison with free PTX, the AUC0-t of PTX liposomes and stealth liposomes increased 1.91- and 3.39-fold, respectively. The stealth liposomes were long-circulating showing a half-life time of 34.2 h against 13.7 h for the conventional ones.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that stealth liposomes would serve as a potent PTX delivery vehicle for the future cancer chemotherapy and represent a suitable platform for the development of targeted liposomal PTX systems.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmaceutical , 85 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Shanghai , P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmaceutical , 85 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Shanghai , P. R. China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Meng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D019540:Area Under Curve; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000737:chemistry; D004339:Drug Compounding; D065546:Drug Liberation; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008081:Liposomes / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000737:chemistry; D010714:Phosphatidylethanolamines / Q000737:chemistry; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013154:Spleen / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D008081:Liposomes; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D010714:Phosphatidylethanolamines; C038089:1,2-distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D002784:Cholesterol; C000595210:polyethylene glycol 2000; D017239:Paclitaxel
keywords: biodistribution; long-circulating; paclitaxel; pharmacokinetics; stealth liposomes