title: Toward Understanding the Essence of Post-Translational Modifications for the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Immunoproteome.
abstract: CD4(+) T cells are prominent effector cells in controlling Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection but may also contribute to immunopathology. Studies probing the CD4(+) T cell response from individuals latently infected with Mtb or patients with active tuberculosis using either small or proteome-wide antigen screens so far revealed a multi-antigenic, yet mostly invariable repertoire of immunogenic Mtb proteins. Recent developments in mass spectrometry-based proteomics have highlighted the occurrence of numerous types of post-translational modifications (PTMs) in proteomes of prokaryotes, including Mtb. The well-known PTMs in Mtb are glycosylation, lipidation, or phosphorylation, known regulators of protein function or compartmentalization. Other PTMs include methylation, acetylation, and pupylation, involved in protein stability. While all PTMs add variability to the Mtb proteome, relatively little is understood about their role in the anti-Mtb immune responses. Here, we review Mtb protein PTMs and methods to assess their role in protective immunity against Mtb.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment , Bilthoven , Netherlands.
authors.forename: Cécile A C M
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: van Els
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Vaccinology and Mucosal Immunity, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.) , Brussels , Belgium.
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Corbière
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Vaccinology and Mucosal Immunity, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.) , Brussels , Belgium.
authors.forename: Kaat
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Smits
authors.affiliation: Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment , Bilthoven , Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jacqueline A M
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: van Gaans-van den Brink
authors.affiliation: Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment , Bilthoven , Netherlands.
authors.forename: Martien C M
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Poelen
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Vaccinology and Mucosal Immunity, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.) , Brussels , Belgium ; Immunobiology Clinic, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.) , Brussels , Belgium.
authors.forename: Francoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mascart
authors.affiliation: Institute for Translational Vaccinology , Bilthoven , Netherlands.
authors.forename: Hugo D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Meiring
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur de Lille, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille , Lille , France ; INSERM U1019 , Lille , France ; CNRS UMR8204 , Lille , France ; Université Lille Nord de France , Lille , France.
authors.forename: Camille
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Locht
keywords: CD4+ T cell epitope; MHC ligands; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; T cell epitope repertoire; immunoproteome; post-translational modification; proteomics