title: Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of hepatic tumours: factors affecting technical failure of artificial ascites formation using an angiosheath.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the technical feasibility of artificial ascites formation using an angiosheath before percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for hepatic tumours and to determine predictive factors affecting the technical failure of artificial ascites formation.
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective study was approved by the institutional review board. One hundred and thirteen patients underwent percutaneous RFA of hepatic tumours after trying to make artificial ascites using an angiosheath to avoid collateral thermal damage. The technical success rate of making artificial ascites using an angiosheath and conversion rate to other techniques after initial failure of making artificial ascites were evaluated. The technical success rate for RFA was assessed. In addition, potential factors associated with technical failure including previous history of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) or RFA, type of abdominal surgery, and adjacent perihepatic structures were reviewed. Predictive factors for the technical failure of artificial ascites formation were analysed using multivariate analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The technical success rates of artificial ascites formation by angiosheath and that of RFA were 84.1% (95/113) and 97.3% (110/113), respectively. The conversion rate to other techniques after the failure of artificial ascites formation using an angiosheath was 15.9% (18/113). Previous hepatic resection was the sole independent predictive factor affecting the technical failure of artificial ascites formation (p<0.001, odds ratio = 29.03, 95% confidence interval: 4.56-184.69).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Making artificial ascites for RFA of hepatic tumours using an angiosheath was technically feasible in most cases. However, history of hepatic resection was a significant predictive factor affecting the technical failure of artificial ascites formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: leeminwoo0@gmail.com.
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Hye
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: K D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rhim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: D I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Cha
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001201:Ascites / Q000139:chemically induced; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000379:methods*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004322:Drainage / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009339:Needles; D011677:Punctures / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D017211:Treatment Failure; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014867:Water / Q000008:administration & dosage; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014867:Water