title: Impact of alanyl-glutamine dipeptide on proliferative and inflammatory changes in jejunal mucosa after acute mesenteric ischemia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of our study was to determinate the impact of dipeptide (alanyl-glutamine) administration on inflammatory and proliferative changes in jejunal mucosa after acute mesenteric ischemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male Wistar rats (n=30) were divided into three groups: ischemia/reperfusion (IR) group which undergoes 60min of mesenteric ischemia and 1 or 24h of reperfusion (IR1, IR24, n=12). Groups with dipeptide administration (D+IR1, D+IR24, Dipeptiven con inf., i.v., 0.75 g/kg) prior to IR injury were followed by 1 and 24h of reperfusion. At the end of reperfusion period jejunal bioptic samples were obtained for histological (H&E), histochemical (Alcian blue) and immunohistochemical (anti-PCNA, anti-MPO) evaluations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our results pointed out a significant (p<0.001) increase of histopathological injury score in IR1 group compared to D+IR1 group. Immunohistochemical evaluation showed that MPO-positivity was significantly increased in IR groups after 1 (p<0.001) as well as 24h of reperfusion (p<0.01) compared to dipeptide pretreated groups. Proliferative/reparatory rate was assessed using anti-PCNA antibody and showed a significant increase (p<0.01) in PCNA cell positivity in lamina propria in dipeptide treated group compared to IR group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion we may suggest that administration of alanyl-glutamine dipeptide prior to IR injury may help to protect small intestine and its mucous membrane integrity against insult such as intestinal ischemic/reperfusion injury presents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Šrobárova 2, Košice, Slovak Republic. Electronic address: milan.maretta@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Milan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maretta
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Šrobárova 2, Košice, Slovak Republic.
authors.forename: Štefan
authors.initials: Š
authors.lastname: Tóth
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Šrobárova 2, Košice, Slovak Republic.
authors.forename: Zuzana
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jonecová
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Šrobárova 2, Košice, Slovak Republic.
authors.forename: Jarmila
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Veselá
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D004151:Dipeptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007249:Inflammation / Q000473:pathology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology*; D007583:Jejunum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D065666:Mesenteric Ischemia / Q000473:pathology*; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000032:analysis; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D004151:Dipeptides; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D009195:Peroxidase; C054122:alanylglutamine
keywords: Glutamine; Intestine; Ischemia; MPO; PCNA