title: Efficacy and safety of inhaled and intranasal corticosteroids.
abstract: Inflammation is an important phenomenon in allergic disorders and corticosteroid drugs since their anti inflammatory properties have a pivotal role in improvement, control and relieving the symptoms and signs of asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis and many other inflammatory disorders. Nevertheless, the prescription of these drugs might be associated with some unwanted reactions such as hyperglycemia, hypertension, Cushing's syndrome, adrenal insufficiency and growth failure. In recent decades administration of intranasal and inhaled corticosteroids instead of systemic parenteral or oral drugs reduced some of these concerns during treatment of patients and enable them to receive the effective and safer kind of therapy in acute or chronic inflammatory disorders of nose and airways. In this article the properties of inhaler (ICS) and intranasal corticosteroids (INCS) were reviewed.
authors.forename: Akefeh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahmadiafshar
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Ward, Metabolic Disease Research Center and Social Determinant of Health Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran. akefeh45@zums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Sahar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahmadiafshar
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009330:Nebulizers and Vaporizers
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents