title: Pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome.
abstract: Whether some instances of obsessive-compulsive disorder are secondary to infectious and/or autoimmune processes is still under scientific debate. The nosology has undergone an iterative process of criteria and acronyms from PITANDS to PANDAS to PANS (or CANS for neurology). This review focuses on the clinical presentation, assessment, proposed pathophysiology, and treatment of pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcus (PANDAS), and the newest iteration, pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS). Children who have these symptoms, which have become known as PANS, have been described by their parents as "changed children."
authors.affiliation: Rothman Center for Pediatric Neuropsychiatry, USF Pediatrics, 880 6th Street South, Suite 460, Box 7523, St Petersburg, FL 33701, USA. Electronic address: tmurphy@health.usf.edu.
authors.forename: Tanya K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.affiliation: Rothman Center for Pediatric Neuropsychiatry, USF Pediatrics, 880 6th Street South, Suite 460, Box 7523, St Petersburg, FL 33701, USA.
authors.forename: Diana M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Gerardi
authors.affiliation: Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 230 S Frontage Road, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
authors.forename: James F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Leckman
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D006801:Humans; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis*; D010951:Plasma Exchange; D012307:Risk Factors; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy; D014068:Tonsillectomy
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous
keywords: PANDAS; Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorder; Streptococcal infections