title: Intraoperative anthropometric measurements of tibial morphology: comparisons with the dimensions of current tibial implants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study analyzed morphological differences in the resected proximal tibial surfaces of Chinese males and females undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and compared the measurements with the dimensions of five currently used tibial implants.
  
  
  METHODS
  The mediolateral (ML), middle anteroposterior (AP), medial anteroposterior (MAP), and lateral anteroposterior (LAP) dimensions of the resected tibial surfaces of 976 Chinese TKA knees (177 male, 799 female) were measured. The ML/AP ratio of every knee was calculated. These morphological data were compared with the dimensions of five currently used tibial implants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ML, AP, MAP, and LAP dimensions of the resected proximal tibias showed significant differences according to gender. Compared with currently used tibial implants, the smaller implants showed tibial ML undersizing and the larger implants showed tibial ML overhang. The ML/AP aspect ratio progressively decreased with increasing AP dimension in the resected proximal tibias, which contrasts with the relatively constant or increased (NexGen) aspect ratio in currently used tibial implants. Males showed a higher ML/AP aspect ratio than females for a given AP dimension. This indicates that for an implant with a given AP dimension, the tibial ML dimension tends to be undersized in males and to overhang in females.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study may provide fundamental data for designing suitable tibial implants for use in the Chinese population, especially for design of gender-specific prostheses.
  
  
  METHODS
  II.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49, North Garden Road, Beijing, 100191, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Chang-hui
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Jia-kuo
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Yong-qiang
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Lian-xu
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yong-jian
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee / Q000379:methods; D044466:Asian People; D001837:Body Weights and Measures; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000601:surgery*; D007720:Knee Prosthesis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D012737:Sex Factors; D013977:Tibia / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000601:surgery*