title: Nephrotic and nephritic syndrome in the newborn.
abstract: Glomerular disorders in infancy can include nephrotic and nephritic syndromes. Congenital nephrotic syndrome (CNS) is most commonly caused by single gene mutations in kidney proteins, but may also be due to congenital infections or passive transfer of maternal antibodies that target kidney proteins. Prenatal findings of increased maternal serum α-fetoprotein and enlarged placenta suggest CNS. Neonatal nephritis is rare; its causes may overlap with those of CNS and include primary glomerulonephritis, systemic disease, infections, and transplacental transfer of maternal antibodies. These syndromes in the neonate can cause significant morbidity and mortality, making urgent diagnosis and treatment necessary.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Minnesota Children's Hospital, 2450 Riverside Avenue, MB680, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA. Electronic address: rheau002@umn.edu.
authors.forename: Michelle N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Rheault
mesh_terms: D019468:Disease Management; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005921:Glomerulonephritis / Q000151:congenital / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology*; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy; D011379:Prognosis
keywords: Congenital nephrotic syndrome; Diffuse mesangial sclerosis; Hematuria; Hemolytic uremic syndrome; Neonatal lupus; Nephritis; Proteinuria