title: Effects of food and gender on the pharmacokinetics of ginkgolides A, B, C and bilobalide in rats after oral dosing with ginkgo terpene lactones extract.
abstract: The ginkgo terpene lactones (GTL), mainly including bilobalide (BB), ginkgolide A (GA), ginkgolide B (GB) and ginkgolide C (GC) possess different biological activities such as peripheral vasoregulation, platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptor antagonism, neuroprotective properties and prevention of membrane damage caused by free radicals. To investigate the effects of food and gender on the bioavailability of BB, GA, GB and GC after oral administration of GTL extract, a rapid UPLC-MS/MS method was developed and validated. A reversed phase C18 column (100mm×2.1mm, i.d., 1.7μm) and a mobile phase consisted of methanol and 1mM ammonium acetate (70/30, v/v) were employed. Compared with the fasted group, the t1/2 values for BB, GA, GB and GC in fed were all increased (p<0.05), AUC0-t and AUC0-∞ values of BB, GA, GB and GC were all significantly increased (p<0.05), but the Cmax values of BB, GA, GB and GC were significantly decreased (p<0.05). In comparison with the male group, all of the t1/2 values and AUC0-t values for BB, GA, GB and GC in female were higher (p<0.05), but no statistical difference in Tmax values for BB, GA, GB and GC between these two groups. Food and gender factor showed significant effects on the pharmacokinetics of BB, GA, GB, and GC. The results suggested that oral doses of GTL should be lowered for fasted and female subjects, compared with the fed and male subjects, respectively.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System (DDS), Nanjing 210023, PR China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Tea Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Agriculture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
authors.forename: Chuan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chai
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System (DDS), Nanjing 210023, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Cui
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.affiliation: Nanjing Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210001, PR China.
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System (DDS), Nanjing 210023, PR China. Electronic address: lijunsong1964@163.com.
authors.forename: Jun-Song
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System (DDS), Nanjing 210023, PR China.
authors.forename: Liu-Qing
authors.initials: LQ
authors.lastname: Di
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
authors.forename: Bao-Chang
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Cai
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001682:Biological Availability; D056148:Chromatography, Reverse-Phase / Q000379:methods; D004355:Drug Stability; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D018565:Food-Drug Interactions; D020441:Ginkgo biloba / Q000737:chemistry; D046934:Ginkgolides / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006207:Half-Life; D007783:Lactones / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008297:Male; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019518:Postprandial Period; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012737:Sex Factors; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D046934:Ginkgolides; D007783:Lactones; D010936:Plant Extracts; C058295:ginkgolide C; C045856:ginkgolide B; C477042:ginkgolide A
keywords: Food; Gender; Ginkgo terpene lactones extract; Pharmacokinetics; UPLC–MS/MS