title: Purification and anti-inflammatory action of tripeptide from salmon pectoral fin byproduct protein hydrolysate.
abstract: In this study, the anti-inflammatory peptide from salmon pectoral fin byproduct protein hydrolysate by pepsin hydrolysis, was purified and identified using Sephadex G-25 gel permeation chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography and time-of-flight liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (TOF LC/MS/MS). The purified anti-inflammatory peptide was identified to be a tripeptide (PAY). Lipopolysaccharide treatment significantly (p<0.05) stimulated the production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in RAW264.7 cells. However, PAY treatment significantly (p<0.05) inhibited the production of NO by 63.80% and PGE2 by 45.33%. Western blotting analysis revealed that PAY significantly (p<0.05) suppressed the protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2, which are responsible for the production of NO and PGE2. Additionally, PAY treatment also significantly (p<0.05) attenuated the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and -1β.
authors.affiliation: Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 550-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Chang-Bum
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Bio-Food Sciences, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 550-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Sook
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine-Bio Convergence Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: jjysue1915@naver.com.
authors.forename: Jae-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Je
mesh_terms: D058500:Animal Fins / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000276:immunology; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D010449:Peptide Mapping; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000067996:RAW 264.7 Cells; D012474:Salmon; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D014866:Waste Products / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D029941:Fish Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010455:Peptides; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates; D014866:Waste Products; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D015232:Dinoprostone
keywords: Anti-inflammatory; COX-2; Nitric oxide; Peptide; Pro-inflammatory cytokines; iNOS