title: Adult brain cancer in the U.S. black population: a Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) analysis of incidence, survival, and trends.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite much epidemiological research on brain cancer in the United States, the etiology for the various subtypes remains elusive. The black population in the United States currently experiences lower incidence but higher survival rates when compared to other races. Thus, the aim of this study is to analyze the trends in incidence and survival for the 6 most common primary brain tumors in the black population of the United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was utilized in this study to analyze the incidence and survival rates for the 6 most common brain tumor subtypes. Joinpoint 3.5.2 software was used to analyze trends in the incidence of diagnosis from 1973 to 2008. A Kaplan-Meier curve was generated to analyze mean time to death and survival at 60 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Joinpoint analysis revealed that per year the incidence of brain cancer in the U.S. black population increased by 0.11 between 1973 and 1989. After this period, a moderate decrease by 0.06 per annum was observed from 1989 to 2008. Lymphoma was the most common primary tumor subtype for black individuals ages 20-34, and glioblastoma was identified as the most common tumor subtype for black individuals in the age groups of 35-49, 50-64, 65-79, and 80+.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This population-based retrospective study of brain cancer in black adults in the United States revealed significant sex and age differences in the incidence of the 6 most common brain tumor subtypes from 1973 to 2008.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, St. George's University, St. George, Grenada.
authors.forename: Abigail
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gabriel
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, St. George's University, St. George, Grenada.
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Batey
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, St. George's University, St. George, Grenada.
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Capogreco
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, St. George's University, St. George, Grenada.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kimball
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, St. George's University, St. George, Grenada.
authors.forename: Andy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Walters
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Childrens Hospital, Birmingham , USA.
authors.forename: R Shane
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Tubbs
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, St. George's University, St. George, Grenada.
authors.forename: Marios
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Loukas
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D018426:SEER Program; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult