title: Hypotensive effects and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory peptides of reishi (Ganoderma lingzhi) auto-digested extract.
abstract: Reishi (Ganoderma lingzhi) has been used as a traditional medicine for millennia. However, relatively little is known about this mushroom's proteins and their bioactivities. In this study, we used reishi's own proteases to hydrolyze its protein and obtained auto-digested reishi (ADR) extract. The extract was subjected to in vitro assays and administered to spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHRs) to determine its potential for use as a hypotensive medication. Bioassay-guided fractionation and de novo sequencing were used for identifying the active compounds. After 4 h administration of ADR, the systolic pressure of SHRs significantly decreased to 34.3 mmHg (19.5% change) and the effect was maintained up to 8 h of administration, with the decrease reaching as low as 26.8 mmHg (15% reduction-compare to base line a decrease of 26.8 mmHg is less than a decrease of 34.3 mmHg so it should give a smaller % reduction). Eleven peptides were identified and four of them showed potent inhibition against ACE with IC50 values ranging from 73.1 μM to 162.7 μM. The results showed that ADR could be a good source of hypotensive peptides that could be used for antihypertensive medication or incorporation into functional foods.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan. haibangtran@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Hai-Bang
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Tran
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan. atsushi.yamamoto0510@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan. syk.matsumoto@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sayaka
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.affiliation: Beauty Care Products Division, Nagase & Co. Ltd., Nishi-ku, Kobe, 651-2241, Japan. hisatomi.ito@nagase.co.jp.
authors.forename: Hisatomi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.affiliation: Beauty Care Products Division, Nagase & Co. Ltd., Nishi-ku, Kobe, 651-2241, Japan. kentaro.igami@nagase.co.jp.
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Igami
authors.affiliation: Beauty Care Products Division, Nagase & Co. Ltd., Nishi-ku, Kobe, 651-2241, Japan. toshitsugu.miyazaki@nagase.co.jp.
authors.forename: Toshitsugu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan. ryukondo@agr.kyushu-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Ryuichiro
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan. shimizu@agr.kyushu-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kuniyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimizu
mesh_terms: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000737:chemistry; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000737:chemistry; D059748:Proteolysis; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D020940:Reishi / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A