title: Respiratory motion artifact affecting hepatic arterial phase MR imaging with gadoxetate disodium is more common in patients with a prior episode of arterial phase motion associated with gadoxetate disodium.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine, in a dual-center setting, whether patients who experience transient severe motion ( TSM transient severe motion ) in the arterial phase during gadoxetate disodium-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging are at higher risk for a subsequent episode of TSM transient severe motion than patients who do not have TSM transient severe motion during initial gadoxetate disodium administration.
  
  
  METHODS
  Institutional review board approval was obtained for this retrospective, multi-institutional HIPAA-compliant study. The requirement for informed consent was waived. One hundred seventy patients each underwent two MR imaging examinations with bolus injection of gadoxetate disodium at one of two sites. Three radiologists reviewed the examinations at each site for TSM transient severe motion , based on severe arterial phase motion, despite minimal motion in the other dynamic phases. The occurrence rate of TSM transient severe motion in the second examination was compared between patients who had TSM transient severe motion in their first examination and those who did not by using the χ(2) or Fisher exact test, as appropriate. Relative risks and 95% confidence intervals ( CI confidence interval s) were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TSM transient severe motion rates in second examinations were significantly higher for patients who had TSM transient severe motion in their first examination: site 1, 67% (six of nine) vs 4% (three of 69) (P < .0001); site 2, 60% (three of five) vs 6% (five of 87) (P < .005); and both sites, 64% (nine of 14) vs 5% (eight of 156) (P < .0001). Relative risks were 15 for site 1 (95% CI confidence interval : 5, 51), 10 for site 2 (95% CI confidence interval : 3, 32), and 13 for both sites (95% CI confidence interval : 6, 27).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients who experience TSM transient severe motion during gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MR imaging are at significantly and substantially higher risk for TSM transient severe motion in the next gadoxetate disodium-enhanced examination compared with patients who do not have TSM transient severe motion during their initial gadoxetate disodium administration.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, DUMC 3808, Durham, NC 27710 (M.R.B., D.L., D.M., T.A.J.); and Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI (P.C., M.S.D., H.K.H.).
authors.forename: Mustafa R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Bashir
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Castelli
authors.forename: Matthew S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Davenport
authors.forename: Douglas
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Larson
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Marin
authors.forename: Hero K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.forename: Tracy A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Jaffe
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016477:Artifacts; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008536:Meglumine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D008875:Middle Aged; D009038:Motion; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D012119:Respiration; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; C073590:gadolinium ethoxybenzyl DTPA; C064572:gadobenic acid; D008536:Meglumine; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA