title: Circulating mitochondrial DNA level, a noninvasive biomarker for the early detection of gastric cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gastric cancer represents a major health burden worldwide and is often diagnosed at an advanced stage. Biomarkers for screening and prevention of gastric cancer are missing. Changes in peripheral blood mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have emerged as a potential preventive/diagnosis biomarker for cancer risk. We aimed to determine whether peripheral leukocytes mtDNA levels are associated with stages of the gastric carcinogenesis cascade.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured mtDNA by quantitative real-time PCR assay in peripheral leukocytes of 28 patients with non-atrophic gastritis (NAG), 74 patients with gastric cancer, and 48 matched asymptomatic controls. In parallel, the serologic level of IL8 was determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean mtDNA level was higher in patients with gastric cancer (P = 0.0095) than in controls, with values >8.46 significantly associated with gastric cancer (OR, 3.93). Three ranges of mtDNA values were identified: interval I, <2.0; interval II, 2.0-20; and interval III, >20. Interval I included mainly NAG cases, and few gastric cancer samples and interval III corresponded almost exclusively to patients with gastric cancer. All controls fell in interval II, together with some NAG and gastric cancer cases. IL8 levels were significantly higher in patients with gastric cancer (P < 0.05), with levels >50 pg/mL observed exclusively in patients with gastric cancer, allowing to distinguish them within interval II. We validated mtDNA results in a second cohort of patients, confirming that mtDNA was significantly higher in gastric cancer than in patients with preneoplasia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Circulating levels of mtDNA and IL8 constitute a potential biomarker for the early detection of gastric cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings lead us to propose a new noninvasive method to detect patients with gastric cancer risk.
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur, Department of Microbiology, Helicobacter Pathogenesis Unit. CNRS, Paris, France. CNRS, ERL3526, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Julien
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur, Department of Microbiology, Helicobacter Pathogenesis Unit. CNRS, Paris, France. CNRS, ERL3526, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Valérie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Michel
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Investigacion en Enfermedades Infecciosas, UMAE Pediatria, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Margarita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Camorlinga-Ponce
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Investigacion en Enfermedades Infecciosas, UMAE Pediatria, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gomez
authors.affiliation: Hospital Infantil de Mexico, SS, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Maldonado
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur, Department of Microbiology, Helicobacter Pathogenesis Unit. CNRS, Paris, France. CNRS, ERL3526, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Hilde
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: De Reuse
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Investigacion en Enfermedades Infecciosas, UMAE Pediatria, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur, Department of Microbiology, Helicobacter Pathogenesis Unit. CNRS, Paris, France. CNRS, ERL3526, Paris, France. etouati@pasteur.fr.
authors.forename: Eliette
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Touati
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics*; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial