title: Differences in prevalence of bullying victimization between native and immigrant children in the Nordic countries: a parent-reported serial cross-sectional study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bullying among children is a problem with severe consequences for the victim. The present study examined parent-reported bullying victimization among children in the Nordic countries at two points in time, 1996 and 2011, and studied differences in prevalence of bullying victimization between immigrant and native children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data came from the parent-reported NordChild, carried out in the Nordic countries in 1996 and 2011. NordChild is a serial cross-sectional comparative study. A total of 7107 children aged 7-13 were included in the analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of bullying victimization in the total Nordic countries was lower in 2011 (19.2%) than 1996 (21.7%). Difference in prevalence of bullying victimization was found both between native and immigrant children, and between countries. The largest difference in prevalence of bullying victimization was measured in Sweden 2011, where 8.6% of the native children were bullied, to be compared with the 27.8% of the immigrant children. Immigrant children had higher odds to be bullied than native children in Norway, Sweden and in the total Nordic countries at both measurements, also when adjusted for potentially confounding factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The higher prevalence of bullying victimization among immigrant children should be taken into consideration in the design and development of preventive work against bullying.
authors.affiliation: Nordic School of Public Health NHV, Gothenburg, Sweden.|Department of Social Work, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bjereld
authors.affiliation: Department of Social Work, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Daneback
authors.affiliation: Centre for Applied Biostatistics, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Petzold
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D058445:Bullying / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002648:Child; D019548:Crime Victims / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D010290:Parents; D015995:Prevalence; D012537:Scandinavian and Nordic Countries / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Nordic countries; bullying victimization; cross-sectional; parent-reported; school children