title: Filling effects, persistence, and safety of dermal fillers formulated with stem cells in an animal model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Research is scarce regarding the effectiveness of dermal fillers containing autologous stem cells.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The authors sought to determine the local and systemic effects of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) as a component of dermal fillers in an animal model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Wistar rats were injected with 1 of the following dermal fillers: ADSCs combined with hyaluronic acid (ADSC-HA), ADSCs combined with fish collagen (ADSC-COL), HA alone (CONTROL-HA), or COL alone (CONTROL-COL). Fillers were injected into the glabella, dorsum, and chest of each animal. The ADSCs were labeled with PKH26 to assess cell migration. Filling effects (FEs) were measured immediately after injection and at 1.5 months and 3 months after injection. Skin specimens were stained with hematoxylin and eosin to assess localization and persistence of ADSCs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean FEs in animals implanted with ADSCs were greater and persisted longer than those of controls. No inflammatory responses were observed in any group. Three months after injection, PKH26-positive cells comprised nearly 70% of cells at the injection site in animals treated with ADSC-HA. PKH26 fluorescence also was detected in the spleen but not in the brain, kidney, or lung.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Stem cells have the potential to improve the aesthetic effects and longevity of dermal fillers.
authors.affiliation: Mr Nowacki is an MD and PhD student, Dr Jundziłł is a volunteer, Dr Pokrywczyńska and Dr Kloskowski are research fellows, and Ms Rasmus and Ms Warda are MSc students in the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, PolandMr Gagat is a research fellow and Dr Grzanka is Professor and Head of the Department of Histology and Embryology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Bodnar is a research fellow in the Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, Poland, and Dr Marszałek is Professor and head of the Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDepartment of Oncologic Pathology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences and Greater Poland Oncology Center, Poznan, PolandMs Pietkun is an MD and PhD student in the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering and Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Immunodermatology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Czajkowski is a Professor and Head of the Department of Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Immunodermatology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Drewa is Professor and Head of the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland, and Head of the Urology and Oncological Urology Department, Nicolaus Copernicus Hospital, Toruń, Poland.
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nowacki
authors.affiliation: Mr Nowacki is an MD and PhD student, Dr Jundziłł is a volunteer, Dr Pokrywczyńska and Dr Kloskowski are research fellows, and Ms Rasmus and Ms Warda are MSc students in the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, PolandMr Gagat is a research fellow and Dr Grzanka is Professor and Head of the Department of Histology and Embryology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Bodnar is a research fellow in the Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, Poland, and Dr Marszałek is Professor and head of the Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDepartment of Oncologic Pathology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences and Greater Poland Oncology Center, Poznan, PolandMs Pietkun is an MD and PhD student in the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering and Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Immunodermatology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Czajkowski is a Professor and Head of the Department of Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Immunodermatology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Drewa is Professor and Head of the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland, and Head of the Urology and Oncological Urology Department, Nicolaus Copernicus Hospital, Toruń, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pietkun
authors.affiliation: Mr Nowacki is an MD and PhD student, Dr Jundziłł is a volunteer, Dr Pokrywczyńska and Dr Kloskowski are research fellows, and Ms Rasmus and Ms Warda are MSc students in the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, PolandMr Gagat is a research fellow and Dr Grzanka is Professor and Head of the Department of Histology and Embryology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Bodnar is a research fellow in the Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, Poland, and Dr Marszałek is Professor and head of the Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDepartment of Oncologic Pathology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences and Greater Poland Oncology Center, Poznan, PolandMs Pietkun is an MD and PhD student in the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering and Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Immunodermatology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Czajkowski is a Professor and Head of the Department of Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Immunodermatology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Drewa is Professor and Head of the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland, and Head of the Urology and Oncological Urology Department, Nicolaus Copernicus Hospital, Toruń, Poland.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pokrywczyńska
authors.affiliation: Mr Nowacki is an MD and PhD student, Dr Jundziłł is a volunteer, Dr Pokrywczyńska and Dr Kloskowski are research fellows, and Ms Rasmus and Ms Warda are MSc students in the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, PolandMr Gagat is a research fellow and Dr Grzanka is Professor and Head of the Department of Histology and Embryology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Bodnar is a research fellow in the Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, Poland, and Dr Marszałek is Professor and head of the Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDepartment of Oncologic Pathology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences and Greater Poland Oncology Center, Poznan, PolandMs Pietkun is an MD and PhD student in the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering and Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Immunodermatology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Czajkowski is a Professor and Head of the Department of Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Immunodermatology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Drewa is Professor and Head of the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland, and Head of the Urology and Oncological Urology Department, Nicolaus Copernicus Hospital, Toruń, Poland.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rasmus
authors.affiliation: Mr Nowacki is an MD and PhD student, Dr Jundziłł is a volunteer, Dr Pokrywczyńska and Dr Kloskowski are research fellows, and Ms Rasmus and Ms Warda are MSc students in the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, PolandMr Gagat is a research fellow and Dr Grzanka is Professor and Head of the Department of Histology and Embryology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Bodnar is a research fellow in the Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, Poland, and Dr Marszałek is Professor and head of the Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDepartment of Oncologic Pathology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences and Greater Poland Oncology Center, Poznan, PolandMs Pietkun is an MD and PhD student in the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering and Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Immunodermatology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Czajkowski is a Professor and Head of the Department of Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Immunodermatology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Drewa is Professor and Head of the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland, and Head of the Urology and Oncological Urology Department, Nicolaus Copernicus Hospital, Toruń, Poland.
authors.forename: Karolina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Warda
authors.affiliation: Mr Nowacki is an MD and PhD student, Dr Jundziłł is a volunteer, Dr Pokrywczyńska and Dr Kloskowski are research fellows, and Ms Rasmus and Ms Warda are MSc students in the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, PolandMr Gagat is a research fellow and Dr Grzanka is Professor and Head of the Department of Histology and Embryology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Bodnar is a research fellow in the Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, Poland, and Dr Marszałek is Professor and head of the Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDepartment of Oncologic Pathology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences and Greater Poland Oncology Center, Poznan, PolandMs Pietkun is an MD and PhD student in the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering and Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Immunodermatology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Czajkowski is a Professor and Head of the Department of Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Immunodermatology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Drewa is Professor and Head of the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland, and Head of the Urology and Oncological Urology Department, Nicolaus Copernicus Hospital, Toruń, Poland tomaszkloskowski@op.pl.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kloskowski
authors.affiliation: Mr Nowacki is an MD and PhD student, Dr Jundziłł is a volunteer, Dr Pokrywczyńska and Dr Kloskowski are research fellows, and Ms Rasmus and Ms Warda are MSc students in the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, PolandMr Gagat is a research fellow and Dr Grzanka is Professor and Head of the Department of Histology and Embryology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Bodnar is a research fellow in the Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, Poland, and Dr Marszałek is Professor and head of the Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDepartment of Oncologic Pathology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences and Greater Poland Oncology Center, Poznan, PolandMs Pietkun is an MD and PhD student in the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering and Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Immunodermatology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Czajkowski is a Professor and Head of the Department of Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Immunodermatology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Drewa is Professor and Head of the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland, and Head of the Urology and Oncological Urology Department, Nicolaus Copernicus Hospital, Toruń, Poland.
authors.forename: Arkadiusz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jundziłł
authors.affiliation: Mr Nowacki is an MD and PhD student, Dr Jundziłł is a volunteer, Dr Pokrywczyńska and Dr Kloskowski are research fellows, and Ms Rasmus and Ms Warda are MSc students in the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, PolandMr Gagat is a research fellow and Dr Grzanka is Professor and Head of the Department of Histology and Embryology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Bodnar is a research fellow in the Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, Poland, and Dr Marszałek is Professor and head of the Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDepartment of Oncologic Pathology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences and Greater Poland Oncology Center, Poznan, PolandMs Pietkun is an MD and PhD student in the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering and Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Immunodermatology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Czajkowski is a Professor and Head of the Department of Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Immunodermatology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Drewa is Professor and Head of the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland, and Head of the Urology and Oncological Urology Department, Nicolaus Copernicus Hospital, Toruń, Poland.
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gagat
authors.affiliation: Mr Nowacki is an MD and PhD student, Dr Jundziłł is a volunteer, Dr Pokrywczyńska and Dr Kloskowski are research fellows, and Ms Rasmus and Ms Warda are MSc students in the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, PolandMr Gagat is a research fellow and Dr Grzanka is Professor and Head of the Department of Histology and Embryology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Bodnar is a research fellow in the Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, Poland, and Dr Marszałek is Professor and head of the Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDepartment of Oncologic Pathology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences and Greater Poland Oncology Center, Poznan, PolandMs Pietkun is an MD and PhD student in the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering and Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Immunodermatology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Czajkowski is a Professor and Head of the Department of Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Immunodermatology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Drewa is Professor and Head of the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland, and Head of the Urology and Oncological Urology Department, Nicolaus Copernicus Hospital, Toruń, Poland.
authors.forename: Alina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grzanka
authors.affiliation: Mr Nowacki is an MD and PhD student, Dr Jundziłł is a volunteer, Dr Pokrywczyńska and Dr Kloskowski are research fellows, and Ms Rasmus and Ms Warda are MSc students in the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, PolandMr Gagat is a research fellow and Dr Grzanka is Professor and Head of the Department of Histology and Embryology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Bodnar is a research fellow in the Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, Poland, and Dr Marszałek is Professor and head of the Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDepartment of Oncologic Pathology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences and Greater Poland Oncology Center, Poznan, PolandMs Pietkun is an MD and PhD student in the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering and Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Immunodermatology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Czajkowski is a Professor and Head of the Department of Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Immunodermatology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Drewa is Professor and Head of the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland, and Head of the Urology and Oncological Urology Department, Nicolaus Copernicus Hospital, Toruń, Poland.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bodnar
authors.affiliation: Mr Nowacki is an MD and PhD student, Dr Jundziłł is a volunteer, Dr Pokrywczyńska and Dr Kloskowski are research fellows, and Ms Rasmus and Ms Warda are MSc students in the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, PolandMr Gagat is a research fellow and Dr Grzanka is Professor and Head of the Department of Histology and Embryology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Bodnar is a research fellow in the Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, Poland, and Dr Marszałek is Professor and head of the Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDepartment of Oncologic Pathology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences and Greater Poland Oncology Center, Poznan, PolandMs Pietkun is an MD and PhD student in the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering and Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Immunodermatology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Czajkowski is a Professor and Head of the Department of Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Immunodermatology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Drewa is Professor and Head of the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland, and Head of the Urology and Oncological Urology Department, Nicolaus Copernicus Hospital, Toruń, Poland.
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marszałek
authors.affiliation: Mr Nowacki is an MD and PhD student, Dr Jundziłł is a volunteer, Dr Pokrywczyńska and Dr Kloskowski are research fellows, and Ms Rasmus and Ms Warda are MSc students in the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, PolandMr Gagat is a research fellow and Dr Grzanka is Professor and Head of the Department of Histology and Embryology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Bodnar is a research fellow in the Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, Poland, and Dr Marszałek is Professor and head of the Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDepartment of Oncologic Pathology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences and Greater Poland Oncology Center, Poznan, PolandMs Pietkun is an MD and PhD student in the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering and Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Immunodermatology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Czajkowski is a Professor and Head of the Department of Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Immunodermatology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Drewa is Professor and Head of the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland, and Head of the Urology and Oncological Urology Department, Nicolaus Copernicus Hospital, Toruń, Poland.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Drewa
authors.affiliation: Mr Nowacki is an MD and PhD student, Dr Jundziłł is a volunteer, Dr Pokrywczyńska and Dr Kloskowski are research fellows, and Ms Rasmus and Ms Warda are MSc students in the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, PolandMr Gagat is a research fellow and Dr Grzanka is Professor and Head of the Department of Histology and Embryology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Bodnar is a research fellow in the Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, Poland, and Dr Marszałek is Professor and head of the Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDepartment of Oncologic Pathology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences and Greater Poland Oncology Center, Poznan, PolandMs Pietkun is an MD and PhD student in the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering and Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Immunodermatology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Czajkowski is a Professor and Head of the Department of Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Immunodermatology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, PolandDr Drewa is Professor and Head of the Chair of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland, and Head of the Urology and Oncological Urology Department, Nicolaus Copernicus Hospital, Toruń, Poland.
authors.forename: Rafał
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Czajkowski
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D064592:Autografts; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003094:Collagen / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D003357:Cosmetic Techniques; D005399:Fishes; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000379:methods; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D007267:Injections; D023421:Models, Animal; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D009930:Organic Chemicals; C070080:PKH 26; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D003094:Collagen
keywords: animal model; dermal fillers; hyaluronic acid; soft-tissue augmentation; stem cells