title: First report of a massive bloom of Alexandrium minutum (Dinophyceae) in middle North Atlantic: a coastal lagoon in S. Jorge Island, Azores.
abstract: This is the first report of a bloom of the toxic marine dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum in the Azores Archipelago (Northeastern Atlantic Ocean). In September 2013, high cell concentrations (1.3 × 10(7) cells L(-1)) of this species were recorded in Santo Cristo coastal lagoon causing an orange-brown water discoloration, death of small pelagic fish and toxification of shellfish resources (Ruditapes decussatus). Levels of Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning toxins in clams exceeded 30 times the regulatory limit, and were associated with the intoxication of four people.
authors.affiliation: IPMA, I.P. - Portuguese Institute of Ocean and Atmosphere, Avenida de Brasília s/n, 1449-006 Lisbon, Portugal. Electronic address: mariana.santos@ipma.pt.
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: IPMA, I.P. - Portuguese Institute of Ocean and Atmosphere, Avenida de Brasília s/n, 1449-006 Lisbon, Portugal.
authors.forename: Pedro Reis
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.affiliation: Regional Secretariat for Natural Resources, Regional Directorate of Marine Affairs - Rua Cônsul Dabney, Colónia Alemã, Apartado 140, 9901-014 Horta, Azores, Portugal.
authors.forename: Filipe Mora
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Porteiro
authors.affiliation: IPMA, I.P. - Portuguese Institute of Ocean and Atmosphere, Avenida de Brasília s/n, 1449-006 Lisbon, Portugal.
authors.forename: Maria Teresa
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Moita
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001267:Atlantic Ocean; D004141:Dinoflagellida / Q000254:growth & development*
keywords: Alexandrium minutum; Azores; Fish kills; Food poisoning; Northeastern Atlantic Ocean; Saxitoxin