title: Lung hyperinflation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: mechanisms, clinical implications and treatment.
abstract: Lung hyperinflation is highly prevalent in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and occurs across the continuum of the disease. A growing body of evidence suggests that lung hyperinflation contributes to dyspnea and activity limitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and is an important independent risk factor for mortality. In this review, we will summarize the recent literature on pathogenesis and clinical implications of lung hyperinflation. We will outline the contribution of lung hyperinflation to exercise limitation and discuss its impact on symptoms and physical activity. Finally, we will examine the physiological rationale and efficacy of selected pharmacological and non-pharmacological 'lung deflating' interventions aimed at improving symptoms and physical functioning.
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Investigation Unit, Queen's University & Kingston General Hospital, 102 Stuart Street, Kingston, ON K7L 2V6, Canada.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Langer
authors.forename: Casey E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Ciavaglia
authors.forename: J Alberto
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Neder
authors.forename: Katherine A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Webb
authors.forename: Denis E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: O'Donnell
mesh_terms: D004417:Dyspnea / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D017079:Exercise Tolerance / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008176:Lung Volume Measurements; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics / Q000502:physiology
keywords: COPD; dyspnea; lung hyperinflation; respiratory mechanics; respiratory muscles