title: Moving towards personalized medicine in rheumatoid arthritis.
abstract: To develop personalized medicine strategies for improvement of patient management in rheumatoid arthritis, the clinical and molecular properties of the individual patients need to be well characterized. A crucial step in this approach is to discover subgroups of patients that are characterized by a good or poor treatment outcome. Dennis and colleagues have identified distinct pretreatment gene expression profiles in affected synovial tissue specimens and a tissue type-related systemic protein pattern which are associated with a positive or negative clinical outcome to monotherapy with adalumimab (anti-TNFα) and tocilizumab (anti-IL-6 receptor). These observations assign biological pathways associated with response outcome and provide evidence for the existence of systemic,easy-to-measure predictive biomarkers for clinical benefit of these biologics.
authors.forename: Tamarah D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: de Jong
authors.forename: Saskia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vosslamber
authors.forename: Cornelis L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Verweij
mesh_terms: D000068879:Adalimumab; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D057285:Precision Medicine / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D019947:Receptors, Interleukin-6 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D019947:Receptors, Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000068879:Adalimumab; C502936:tocilizumab