title: Expression of anti-Müllerian hormone in letrozole rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age with anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) two to three times higher, but the mechanism of increased AMH, excessive follicles and follicle stagnation in PCOS still needs further research.
  
  
  METHODS
  Female Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with a gavage of 1.0 mg/kg of letrozole carboxymethylcellulose solution once daily for 21 consecutive days. Serum steroid concentrations, ovarian morphology, ovarian expression of AMH and AMH-RII protein were determined and their relationships were studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  According to the morphology and endocrinology, the letrozole model group was a successful PCOS model. Serum AMH and ovarian local expression of AMH and AMH-RII were both increased in letrozole model group. The elevated AMH had a positive correlation with T, growing follicle count and a negative correlation with body weight.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The letrozole model group is a good animal model for the study of AMH in PCOS patients with obesity or insulin resistance. The increased serum AMH level in PCOS is the consequence of the androgen-induced excess of small antral follicles. These results lead to the hypothesis that reducing AMH may become a therapeutic target of PCOS, which is worth further research.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Gynecology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai OB/GYN Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University Shanghai People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Dan-Feng
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: a Department of Gynecology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai OB/GYN Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University Shanghai People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xue-Lian
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: a Department of Gynecology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai OB/GYN Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University Shanghai People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: a Department of Gynecology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai OB/GYN Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University Shanghai People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Mei-Rong
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Du
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D047072:Aromatase Inhibitors; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D000077289:Letrozole; D009570:Nitriles; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000378:metabolism; D010053:Ovary / Q000378:metabolism*; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018000:Receptors, Peptide / Q000378:metabolism; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood; D014230:Triazoles
chemical_list: D047072:Aromatase Inhibitors; D009570:Nitriles; D018000:Receptors, Peptide; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta; D014230:Triazoles; C084621:anti-Mullerian hormone receptor; D013739:Testosterone; D000077289:Letrozole; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone
keywords: Anti-müllerian hormone; polycystic ovary syndrome; rat model