title: Antibiotic-free composite bone cements with antibacterial and bioactive properties. A preliminary study.
abstract: Two bone cements (Palacos R® and Palacos LV®) based on polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), clinically used in several cemented prosthetic devices, have been enriched with silver containing bioactive glass powders and compared with the plain commercial ones. The obtained composite cements have been subjected to a preliminary characterization by means of morphological and compositional analyses, compression mechanical tests, bioactivity test (by soaking into simulated body fluids), leaching tests and in vitro antibacterial test (count of colonies forming units, McFarland index evaluation, inhibition zone evaluation). The glass powders appeared uniformly dispersed inside the PMMA matrix and good mechanical properties (in compression) have been reached. The composite cements showed a bioactive behavior (since they developed hydroxyapatite on their surface after soaking in simulated body fluid) and a good antibacterial performance. The release of silver ions, which is the principal reason of antibacterial properties, is mainly reached after the first hours of contact with the leaching solution, as it is expected for a reasonable prevention of bacterial colonization during in vivo applications.
authors.affiliation: Applied Science and Technology Department, Politecnico di Torino, Italy. Electronic address: marta.miola@polito.it.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miola
authors.affiliation: Applied Science and Technology Department, Politecnico di Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bruno
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Maina
authors.affiliation: Chemical, Clinical and Microbiological Analyses Dept., CTO, Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: Giacomo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fucale
authors.affiliation: Department of Innovation in Mechanics and Management, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lucchetta
authors.affiliation: Applied Science and Technology Department, Politecnico di Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: Enrica
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vernè
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001843:Bone Cements; D005898:Glass; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001843:Bone Cements
keywords: Antibacterial; Antibiotic-free; Bioactive glass; Bone cement; Composite