title: Characterization of functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes for use in an enzymatic sensor.
abstract: Carbon nanotubes (CNT) have proven to be materials with great potential for the construction of biosensors. Development of fast, simple, and low cost biosensors to follow reactions in bioprocesses, or to detect food contaminants such as toxins, chemical compounds, and microorganisms, is presently an important research topic. This report includes microscopy and spectroscopy to characterize raw and chemically modified multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) synthesized by chemical vapor deposition with the intention of using them as the active transducer in bioprocessing sensors. MWCNT were simultaneously purified and functionalized by an acid mixture involving HNO3-H2SO4 and amyloglucosidase attached onto the chemically modified MWCNT surface. A 49.0% decrease in its enzymatic activity was observed. Raw, purified, and enzyme-modified MWCNTs were analyzed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy and Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. These studies confirmed purification and functionalization of the CNTs. Finally, cyclic voltammetry electrochemistry was used for electrical characterization of CNTs, which showed promising results that can be useful for construction of electrochemical biosensors applied to biological areas.
authors.affiliation: 1Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica,Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas,Instituto Politécnico Nacional,Plan de Ayala y Carpio S/N,Colonia Santo Tomas,CP 11340 México City,México.
authors.forename: Leonor
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guadarrama-Fernández
authors.affiliation: 1Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica,Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas,Instituto Politécnico Nacional,Plan de Ayala y Carpio S/N,Colonia Santo Tomas,CP 11340 México City,México.
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chanona-Pérez
authors.affiliation: 2Laboratorio de Electroquímica y Corrosión,Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas,Instituto Politécnico Nacional,Edif. Z-5, 3er. Piso. UPALM-Zacatenco,CP 07738,México City,México.
authors.forename: Arturo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Manzo-Robledo
authors.affiliation: 1Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica,Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas,Instituto Politécnico Nacional,Plan de Ayala y Carpio S/N,Colonia Santo Tomas,CP 11340 México City,México.
authors.forename: Georgina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Calderón-Domínguez
authors.affiliation: 3Centro de Investigación en Computación,Instituto Politécnico Nacional,Av. Juan de Dios Bátiz s/n casi esquina Miguel Othón de Mendizábal,UPALM-Zacatenco,C.P. 07738,Del. Gustavo A. Madero,Mexico City,Mexico.
authors.forename: Adrián
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martínez-Rivas
authors.affiliation: 4Escuela Superior de Físico Matemáticas,Instituto Politécnico Nacional,Edif. 9 UPALM-Zacatenco,CP 07738,México City,México.
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ortiz-López
authors.affiliation: 5Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas,Instituto Politécnico Nacional,Edif 7,UPALM-Zacatenco,CP 07738,México City,México.
authors.forename: Jorge Roberto
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Vargas-García
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000378:metabolism; D005087:Glucan 1,4-alpha-Glucosidase / Q000378:metabolism*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman
chemical_list: D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D005087:Glucan 1,4-alpha-Glucosidase