title: [Electrotherapy complications in women].
abstract: In recent years we can observe an increase of frequency of electrotherapy complications. Analysis of this complications with gender differences consideration is rarely found in the literature. Probably, there is some kind of discrepancy in qualification for implantation of pacemakers and more complex systems in women and men. According to the most reports--ICD and CRT systems are seldom implanted in female, but this phenomena is connected rather with less indications to this types in women. Next problem is a lack of uniform classification of electrotherapy complications- it also makes the assessment of gender differences difficult. The most applied is the division of the early and late and also infectious and noninfectious abnormalities. Comparative analysis revealed more frequent prevalence of infectious complications in male, nevertheless, clinical course is probably more severe in female. Among noninfectious complications late perforations are significantly more often found in women, whereas lead dislodgment, lead dependent tricuspid dysfunction, intracardiac abrasion and venous occlusion probably occur with similar frequency in male and female, but it requires further investigations. TLE safety and efficacy gender differences are also rarely described in the literature. Some publications reveal more frequent complication rates in women, but others do not seem to prove this phenomena. Undoubtedly electrotherapy complications in women and methods of their treatment should be further investigated basing on bigger, more representative study groups.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Polewczyk
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kutarski
mesh_terms: D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable / Q000009:adverse effects; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005260:Female; D005547:Foreign Bodies / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007239:Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects; D015995:Prevalence; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012737:Sex Factors; D016387:Women's Health