title: Pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in human apical periodontitis: Correlation with clinical and histological findings.
abstract: This study aimed to compare the levels of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) between apical periodontitis lesions with different clinical and histological features. Based on clinical data and history of disease, 100 human apical periodontitis lesions were categorised as either asymptomatic or symptomatic lesions. According to histological examination, lesions were divided into periapical granulomas and radicular cysts. Pulp tissues of 25 impacted wisdom teeth were used as controls. Homogenised tissue samples were centrifuged and supernatants were used for the determination of cytokine levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Significantly higher levels of IL-1β and IL-6 were found in symptomatic lesions compared with asymptomatic lesions and control tissues (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, respectively). The concentration of IL-1β was significantly higher in radicular cysts compared with periapical granulomas (P = 0.003). Symptomatic lesions, as judged by high local production of IL-1β and IL-6, represent an immunologically active stage of the disease.
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Oral Surgery and Implantology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Aleksandar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jakovljevic
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Knezevic
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Danijela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Karalic
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Soldatovic
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biology and Human Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Branka
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Popovic
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biology and Human Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Jelena
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Milasin
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Oral Surgery and Implantology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Miroslav
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Andric
mesh_terms: D016207:Cytokines; D006801:Humans; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D010485:Periapical Periodontitis / Q000378:metabolism*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
keywords: interleukin-1 beta; interleukin-6; periapical disease; pro-inflammatory cytokines; tumour necrosis factor-alpha