title: Interrelationship between bone substitution materials and skeletal muscle tissue.
abstract: Bone density and quantity are primary conditions for the insertion and stability of dental implants. In cases of a lack of adequate maxillary or mandibulary bone, bone augmentation will be necessary. The use of synthetic bioactive bone substitution materials is of increasing importance as alternatives to autogenously bone grafts. It is well known that bone can influence muscle function and muscle function can influence bone structures. Muscles have a considerable potential of adaptation and muscle tissue surrounding an inserted implant or bone surrogate can integrate changes in mechanical load of the muscle and hereupon induce signaling cascades with protein synthesis and arrangement of the cytoskeleton. The Musculus latissimus dorsi is very often used for the analyses of the in vivo biocompatibility of newly designed biomaterials. Beside macroscopically and histologically examination, biocompatibility can be assessed by analyses of the biomaterial influence of gene expression. This review discusses changes in the fiber type distribution, myosin heavy chain isoform composition, histological appearance and vascularization of the skeletal muscle after implantation of bone substitution materials. Especially, the effects of bone surrogates should be described at the molecular-biological and cellular level.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Carl Gustav Carus Campus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, Haus 28, D-01307 Dresden, Germany. Electronic address: christiane.kunert-keil@uniklinikum-dresden.de.
authors.forename: Christiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kunert-Keil
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Carl Gustav Carus Campus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, Haus 28, D-01307 Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Ute
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Botzenhart
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Carl Gustav Carus Campus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, Haus 28, D-01307 Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gedrange
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Carl Gustav Carus Campus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, Haus 28, D-01307 Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gredes
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002828:Choristoma / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008422:Materials Testing; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D024744:Skeletal Muscle Myosins / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D024744:Skeletal Muscle Myosins
keywords: Ectopic bone formation; Growth factor; In vivo biocompatibility; Muscle histology; MyHC expression