title: Paracrine effect of the bone morphogeneticprotein-2 at the experimental site on healing of the adjacent control site: a study in the rabbit calvarial defect model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to assess the possible paracrine effect of bone morphogeneticprotein-2 (BMP-2) at the experimental site on the adjacent control site for validating a rabbit calvarial defect model as a means of verifying the effect of BMP-2.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen rabbits were divided into two groups (n=8 in each) according to whether or not BMP-2 would be used. Two circular defects (8 mm in diameter) were created side by side, 2 mm apart, in the calvarium of all of the rabbits. In each animal, one of the defects was grafted with either BMP-2-loaded carrier or carrier material alone. The control defects adjacent to these grafted defects, designated CB (the nongrafted defect adjacent BMP-2-loaded carrier-grafted defect) and CC (the nongrafted defect adjacent to carrier only-grafted defect), respectively, were the focus of this study, and were filled only with a blood clot in all of the animals. Histologic observation and histomorphometric analysis were performed at 2 and 8 weeks (n=4 animals per point in time) after surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no noteworthy difference in the healing pattern, and no statistically significant differences in histomorphometric parameters such as the defect closure, new bone area, or total augmented area between the CC and CB groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study suggest that rabbit calvarial defects separated by a distance of 2 mm are suitable for evaluating the effects of BMP-2 and the control defect can be regarded not to be affected by BMP-2 applied defect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea. ; Department of Periodontology, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin-Wook
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0898-4599
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun-Chang
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-7695-1708
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun-Ung
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1900-870X
authors.initials: EU
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin-Young
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6408-1618
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jung-Seok
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1276-5978
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Woon
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0796-9100
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ui-Won
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6371-4172
authors.initials: UW
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Seong-Ho
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6704-6124
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Choi
keywords: Animal experimentation; Bone morphogenetic protein 2; Bone regeneration; Research design