title: Quantum phases of quadrupolar Fermi gases in optical lattices.
abstract: We introduce a new platform for quantum simulation of many-body systems based on nonspherical atoms or molecules with zero dipole moments but possessing a significant value of electric quadrupole moments. We consider a quadrupolar Fermi gas trapped in a 2D square optical lattice, and show that the peculiar symmetry and broad tunability of the quadrupole-quadrupole interaction results in a rich phase diagram encompassing unconventional BCS and charge density wave phases, and opens up a perspective to create a topological superfluid. Quadrupolar species, such as metastable alkaline-earth atoms and homonuclear molecules, are stable against chemical reactions and collapse and are readily available in experiment at high densities.
authors.affiliation: School of Physics, Astronomy, and Computational Sciences, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, USA.
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Bhongale
authors.affiliation: Zentrum für Optische Quantentechnologien and Institut für Laserphysik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mathey
authors.affiliation: School of Physics, Astronomy, and Computational Sciences, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, USA.
authors.forename: Erhai
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA and ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA and Department of Physics, Harvard University, 17 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Yelin
authors.affiliation: ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA and Department of Physics, Harvard University, 17 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.
authors.forename: Mikhail
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lemeshko