title: MicroRNAs Related to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS).
abstract: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common, though heterogeneous, endocrine aberration in women of reproductive age, with high prevalence and socioeconomic costs. The syndrome is characterized by polycystic ovaries, chronic anovulation and hyperandrogenism, as well as being associated with infertility, insulin resistance, chronic low-grade inflammation and an increased life time risk of type 2 diabetes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that are able to regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Altered miRNA levels have been associated with diabetes, insulin resistance, inflammation and various cancers. Studies have shown that circulating miRNAs are present in whole blood, serum, plasma and the follicular fluid of PCOS patients and that they might serve as potential biomarkers and a new approach for the diagnosis of PCOS. In this review, recent work on miRNAs with respect to PCOS will be summarized. Our understanding of miRNAs, particularly in relation to PCOS, is currently at a very early stage, and additional studies will yield important insight into the molecular mechanisms behind this complex and heterogenic syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Science, Systems and Models, Roskilde University, Universitetsvej 1, Roskilde 4000, Denmark. elaine@ruc.dk.
authors.forename: Anja Elaine
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Sørensen
authors.affiliation: Fertility Clinic Region Sjaelland, Holbaek Hospital, Holbaek 4300, Denmark. mlwi@regionsjaelland.dk.
authors.forename: Marie Louise
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Wissing
authors.affiliation: Department of Science, Systems and Models, Roskilde University, Universitetsvej 1, Roskilde 4000, Denmark. sofias@ruc.dk.
authors.forename: Sofia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Salö
authors.affiliation: Fertility Clinic Region Sjaelland, Holbaek Hospital, Holbaek 4300, Denmark. aleg@regionsjaelland.dk.
authors.forename: Anne Lis Mikkelsen
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Englund
authors.affiliation: Department of Science, Systems and Models, Roskilde University, Universitetsvej 1, Roskilde 4000, Denmark. ltd@ruc.dk.
authors.forename: Louise Torp
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Dalgaard