title: Use of virtual patients in an advanced therapeutics pharmacy course to promote active, patient-centered learning.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess student satisfaction and learning of course objectives following the integration of virtual patient cases designed to promote active, patient-centered learning in an advanced therapeutics pharmacy course.
  
  
  METHODS
  A dynamic virtual patient platform that incorporated a branched-narrative, decision-making teaching model was used in an advanced therapeutics course to supplement lecture content.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Presimulation and postsimulation tests were used to assess student learning. The use of virtual patients significantly enhanced student learning for both higher- and lower-level test questions (p<0.001 and p=0.01, respectively). Students agreed or strongly agreed that the virtual patient cases provided an effective way to learn (72%), were enjoyable (69%), and were appropriate in content (80%), and that more should be incorporated (59%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of virtual patients in an advanced therapeutics practicum effectively promoted active, patient-centered learning; engaged students in an interactive and dynamic educational technology; encouraged teamwork; enhanced higher-level student learning; and improved student satisfaction in the course.
authors.affiliation: University of Pittsburgh, School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: University of Pittsburgh, School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Rima A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Mohammad
authors.affiliation: University of Pittsburgh, School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Neal
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Benedict
mesh_terms: D004512:Education, Pharmacy / Q000379:methods*; D004521:Educational Measurement; D006801:Humans; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D010361:Patients; D010601:Pharmacology, Clinical / Q000193:education*; D014584:User-Computer Interface
keywords: active learning; simulation; virtual patients