title: [Urological complications of renal transplantation].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Urinary fistula and ureteral stenosis occur respectively in 2-5% and 2-7.5% after kidney transplantation. The aim of the study was to do an overview about the complex management of these complications.
  
  
  METHODS
  A bibliographical research in French and English language was carried out. Debates on the topic held within a meeting organized by the transplantation Committee of the French association of urology (CTAFU) have incremented the work.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Within the different causes of stenosis and fistula after kidney transplantation, ischemic diseases of the complex blood supply of the ureter are usually involved. The diagnosis is not always easy to establish. It is based on clinical assessment, blood and urinary biochemical exams, ultrasonography and CT-scan. Pyelography or retrograde ureteropyelography are essential in the management. Definitive treatment is surgical: uretero-vesical reimplatation, uretero-uretral anastomosis, pyelo-ureteral anastomosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Urologic complications of the kidney transplantation usually do not affect the transplant survival if treated accurately and on time. The surgical management remains complex.
authors.affiliation: Service d'urologie, CHU d'Angers, 4, rue Larrey, 49933 Angers cedex 09, France. Electronic address: thibautculty@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Culty
authors.affiliation: Service d'urologie, hôpital européen-Georges-Pompidou (HEGP), AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France.
authors.forename: M-O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Timsit
authors.affiliation: Service d'urologie, hôpital Foch, 92151 Suresnes, France.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Neuzillet
authors.affiliation: Service d'urologie, hôpital Édouard-Herriot, hospices civils de Lyon, 69437 Lyon cedex 03, France.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Badet
authors.affiliation: Service d'urologie, CHRU de Besançon, 25030 Besançon cedex, France.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kleinclauss
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D014548:Urinary Fistula / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy
keywords: Complications postopératoires; Fistule urinaire; Kidney transplantation; Obstruction urétérale; Postoperative complications; Transplantation rénale; Ureteral obstruction; Urinary fistula