title: Effects of short-term propofol and dexmedetomidine on pulmonary morphofunction and biological markers in experimental mild acute lung injury.
abstract: We evaluated whether the short-term use of dexmedetomidine and propofol may attenuate inflammatory response and improve lung morphofunction in experimental acute lung injury (ALI). Thirty-six Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups. Control (C) and ALI animals received sterile saline solution and Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide by intraperitoneal injection respectively. After 24h, ALI animals were randomly treated with dexmedetomidine, propofol, or thiopental sodium for 1h. Propofol reduced static lung elastance and resistive pressure and was associated with less alveolar collapse compared to thiopental sodium and dexmedetomidine. Dexmedetomidine improved oxygenation, but did not modify lung mechanics or histology. Propofol was associated with lower IL (interleukin)-6 and IL-1β expression, whereas dexmedetomidine led to reduced inducible nitric oxide (iNOS) and increased nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression in lung tissue compared to thiopental sodium. In conclusion, in this model of mild ALI, short-term use of dexmedetomidine and propofol led to different functional effects and activation of biological markers associated with pulmonary inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, s/n, Bloco G-014, Ilha do Fundão 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Department of Surgical Sciences, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vinícius
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cavalcanti
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, s/n, Bloco G-014, Ilha do Fundão 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Department of Surgical Sciences, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cintia Lourenço
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, s/n, Bloco G-014, Ilha do Fundão 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cynthia Santos
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Samary
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, s/n, Bloco G-014, Ilha do Fundão 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Department of Surgical Sciences, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mariana Neves
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Araújo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, s/n, Bloco G-014, Ilha do Fundão 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Department of Surgical Sciences, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciana Boavista Barros
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Heil
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcelo Marcos
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Morales
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, s/n, Bloco G-014, Ilha do Fundão 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Pedro Leme
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, IRCCS San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pelosi
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Sciences, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fatima Carneiro
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Sciences, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Division of Anaesthesiology, Department of Surgery, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Nivaldo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Villela
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, s/n, Bloco G-014, Ilha do Fundão 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Electronic address: prmrocco@biof.ufrj.br.
authors.forename: Patricia Rieken Macedo
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Rocco
mesh_terms: D055371:Acute Lung Injury / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D020927:Dexmedetomidine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000633:toxicity; D005260:Female; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology; D050983:NF-E2 Transcription Factor / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D015742:Propofol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013874:Thiopental / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D004731:Endotoxins; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D050983:NF-E2 Transcription Factor; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D020927:Dexmedetomidine; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D013874:Thiopental; D015742:Propofol
keywords: Arterial blood gases; Cytokines.; Histology; Inflammation; Lung mechanics