title: An Exploration of the Relationship Between Spirituality and State and Trait Anger Among Medical Students.
abstract: There is a dearth of studies exploring spiritual attitudes of medical students from developing countries and its relationship to anger. This study was conducted to assess spiritual attitudes and their relationship with anger in a set of medical students in southern India. In this cross-sectional observational study, medical students who were undergoing clinical rotations were offered participation. Selected demographic data were obtained. The participants were rated using the Spiritual Attitudes Inventory [SAI, which comprises of Duke Religiosity Index, Existential Well-Being Scale (EWBS), Negative Religious Coping and Multidimensional Health Locus of Control scale] and State and Trait Anger Expression Inventory 2. Out of 98 students approached, 82 participated (response rate 83.6%). The mean age of sample was 20.7 years (±0.9 years) with a slight preponderance of females (54.9%). SAI scores correlated well significantly with subscale scores. Gender had no difference on the SAI or subscale score. Differences were found between self-reported religion and EWBS scores (Kruskal-Wallis χ(2) = 8.891, p = 0.012). Total SAI score had a significant negative correlation with state anger, trait anger and anger expression. High levels of spirituality may be correlated with lower levels of state anger, trait anger and anger expression in medical students.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychaitry, JIPMER, Puducherry, 605006, India.
authors.forename: Shivanand
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kattimani
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychaitry, JIPMER, Puducherry, 605006, India. sidsarkar22@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Siddharth
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sarkar
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychaitry, JIPMER, Puducherry, 605006, India.
authors.forename: Balaji
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bharadwaj
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychaitry, JIPMER, Puducherry, 605006, India.
authors.forename: Ravi Philip
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Rajkumar
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000786:Anger; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D029181:Spirituality; D013337:Students, Medical / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Anger; Coping; Medical students; Religion; Spirituality