title: N-3 fatty acids improve body composition and insulin sensitivity during energy restriction in the rat.
abstract: The hypothesis that n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) could contribute to maintain muscle mass during energy restriction aiming to weight loss was tested in the rat, with special attention paid to insulin signalling. After 10 weeks on a diet rich in lipids and sucrose, male rats were energy restricted and fed diets rich in 18:1 n-9 (OLE), 18:3 n-3 (ALA) or n-3 long-chain (LC, >18 carbons) PUFA. After 4 weeks, they were killed after an insulin injection. Red blood cells, liver, and Gastrocnemius muscle were enriched in ALA in the ALA group, and in LC-PUFA in the ALA and LC groups. The LC diet resulted in a higher weight loss, without negative impact on the muscle weight. In parallel, hepatic phosphorylation of insulin receptor and IRS1 was the highest in this group. This suggests that the trend we observed in the preservation of protein homeostasis in the LC group is mediated, at least partly, by an enhancement of the early steps of insulin signalling resulting from cell membrane enrichment in n-3 PUFA.
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, AgroParisTech, 16 rue Claude Bernard, F-75005 Paris, France; AgroParisTech, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, F-75005 Paris, France.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Guelzim
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, AgroParisTech, 16 rue Claude Bernard, F-75005 Paris, France; AgroParisTech, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, F-75005 Paris, France.
authors.forename: J-F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Huneau
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, AgroParisTech, 16 rue Claude Bernard, F-75005 Paris, France; AgroParisTech, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, F-75005 Paris, France.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mathé
authors.affiliation: INRA, UR83 Recherches Avicoles, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tesseraud
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1348 PEGASE, F- 35590 Saint Gilles, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mourot
authors.affiliation: ONIDOL, 11 rue de Monceau, CS 60003, F-75008 Paris, France.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, AgroParisTech, 16 rue Claude Bernard, F-75005 Paris, France; AgroParisTech, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, F-75005 Paris, France. Electronic address: dominique.hermier@agroparistech.fr.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hermier
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D050177:Overweight / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D007328:Insulin
keywords: Insulin signalling; N-3 fatty acids; Protein homeostasis; Weight loss