title: [Acanthamoeba keratitis].
abstract: Early diagnosis and appropriate therapy are key elements for a good prognosis in Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK). AK should be considered in any case of corneal trauma complicated by exposure to soil or contaminated water, and in all contact lens (CL) wearers. A presumptive diagnosis of AK can be made clinically and with in vivo confocal microscopy, although a definitive diagnosis requires identification of Acanthamoeba on direct scraping, histology, or identification of Acanthamoeba DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We use cysticidal drugs for treating AK because encysted forms are more resistant than trophozoites to treatment. The treatment protocol used a biguanide (PHMB 0.02% or chlorhexidine 0.02%) and a diamidine (propamidine 0.1% or hexamidine 0.1%). New diagnostic modalities and more specific topical anti-amoebic treatments would substantially benefit patients with AK.
authors.affiliation: Service d'ophtalmologie 5, Centre hospitalier national d'ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, 28, rue de Charenton, 75012 Paris, France; Inserm, U968, UPMC Paris VI, UMR S 968, CNRS, UMR 7210, institut de la vision, 17, rue Moreau, 75012 Paris, France. Electronic address: nacim.bouheraoua@gmail.com.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bouheraoua
authors.affiliation: Inserm, U968, UPMC Paris VI, UMR S 968, CNRS, UMR 7210, institut de la vision, 17, rue Moreau, 75012 Paris, France; Service d'ophtalmologie 3, Centre hospitalier national d'ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, 28, rue de Charenton, 75012 Paris, France; Service d'ophtalmologie, hôpital Ambroise-Paré, AP-HP, DHU View maintain, 9, avenue Charles-de-Gaulle, 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Labbé
authors.affiliation: Service de biologie médicale, Centre hospitalier national d'ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, 28, rue de Charenton, 75012 Paris, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chaumeil
authors.affiliation: Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing TongRen Eye Center, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, Chine.
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Service d'ophtalmologie 5, Centre hospitalier national d'ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, 28, rue de Charenton, 75012 Paris, France; Inserm, U968, UPMC Paris VI, UMR S 968, CNRS, UMR 7210, institut de la vision, 17, rue Moreau, 75012 Paris, France.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Laroche
authors.affiliation: Service d'ophtalmologie 5, Centre hospitalier national d'ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, 28, rue de Charenton, 75012 Paris, France; Inserm, U968, UPMC Paris VI, UMR S 968, CNRS, UMR 7210, institut de la vision, 17, rue Moreau, 75012 Paris, France.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Borderie
mesh_terms: D000048:Acanthamoeba / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology; D015823:Acanthamoeba Keratitis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000563:Amebicides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D001645:Biguanides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002386:Cataract / Q000209:etiology; D003261:Contact Lenses; D003319:Corneal Stroma / Q000473:pathology; D048988:Corneal Surgery, Laser; D016039:Corneal Transplantation; D003320:Corneal Ulcer / Q000209:etiology; D003646:Debridement; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008018:Life Cycle Stages; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D011379:Prognosis; D012256:Riboflavin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012987:Soil / Q000469:parasitology; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000563:Amebicides; D001645:Biguanides; D012987:Soil; D012256:Riboflavin
keywords: Acanthamibes; Acanthamoeba; Confocal microscopy; Cornea; Cornée; Keratitis; Keratoplasty; Kératites; Kératoplastie; Microscopie confocale; PCR