title: Should we keep on? Looking into pharmacogenomics of ADHD in adulthood from a different perspective.
abstract: A considerable proportion of adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) do not respond to the treatment with methylphenidate. This scenario could be due to inherited interindividual differences that may alter pharmacologic treatment response. In this sense, in 2012 we conducted a systematic search on PUBMED-indexed literature for articles containing information about pharmacogenomics of ADHD in adults. Five studies were found on methylphenidate pharmacogenomics and the only significant association was reported by one particular study. However, this single association with the SLC6A3 gene was not replicated in two subsequent reports. In the present review, although we could not find additional pharmacogenomics studies, we discuss these up-to-date findings and suggest new approaches for this field. Additionally, using systeomic-oriented databases, we provide a broad picture of new possible candidate genes as well as potential gene-gene interactions to be investigated in pharmacogenomics of persistent ADHD.
authors.affiliation: Departament of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil.
authors.forename: Diego L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Rovaris
authors.forename: Nina R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Mota
authors.forename: Bruna Santos
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.forename: Pricila
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Girardi
authors.forename: Marcelo M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Victor
authors.forename: Eugenio H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Grevet
authors.forename: Claiton Hd
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Bau
authors.forename: Verônica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Contini
mesh_terms: D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D030541:Databases, Genetic; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D006801:Humans; D008774:Methylphenidate / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010597:Pharmacogenetics; D060066:Protein Interaction Maps / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; C493214:SLC6A3 protein, human; D008774:Methylphenidate
keywords: adults; attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; gene–gene interactions; methylphenidate; pharmacogenomics