title: Fingerprint of persistent organic pollutants in tissues of Antarctic notothenioid fish.
abstract: In the present work, persistent organic pollutants (POPs), such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and metabolites, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) were analyzed in three Antarctic notothenioids fish species: Trematomus newnesi (TRN), Notothenia coriiceps (NOC) and Notothenia rossii (NOR). The contribution of each POP-family to the total load was as follows: ΣPCB (40%)>ΣDDT (27%)>ΣPBDEs (23%)>ΣHCH (10%). Among the 23 PCB congeners analyzed, penta-CBs homologues were the prevalent group, followed by hexa-CBs and hepta-CBs. DDT and its metabolites presented the following trend: p,p'-DDT>p,p'-DDE~p,p'-DDD. PBDE profile was dominated by BDE-47 and BDE-99 congeners, followed by BDE-100>BDE-28>BDE-154, BDE-153. Among HCHs, the γ-HCH isomer was detected in all samples, constituting 69% total HCH load, while α-HCH and β-HCH contributions were 15% and 16%, respectively. The levels of POPs reported here suggest that NOR and NOC are more susceptible to accumulate the analyzed contaminants than TRN, a species not previously analyzed for POPs. Distribution of POPs among different tissues of the three species (muscle, liver, gonads, and gills) was also investigated. Considering lipid weight, the general pattern of POPs distribution in tissues indicated that while gonads showed higher levels of PCBs, DDTs and HCH, the most significant PBDE concentrations were recorded in gills. Also, a comparative analysis of POPs concentration in fish samples from Antarctic area was included.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Química Ambiental, Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA)-CONICET, Mendoza, P.O. Box 131 ZC5500, Mendoza, Argentina.
authors.forename: Nerina B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Lana
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Química Ambiental, Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA)-CONICET, Mendoza, P.O. Box 131 ZC5500, Mendoza, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina.
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Berton
authors.affiliation: Toxicological Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Covaci
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina; Instituto Argentino de Investigación de Zonas Áridas (IADIZA)-CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina.
authors.forename: Néstor F
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Ciocco
authors.affiliation: Instituto Antártico Argentino (IAA), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales Bernardino Rivadavia-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Esteban
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Barrera-Oro
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Estratigrafía Glaciar y Geoquímica del Agua y la Nieve (LEGAN)-IAA-CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina.
authors.forename: Adrián
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Atencio
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Química Ambiental, Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA)-CONICET, Mendoza, P.O. Box 131 ZC5500, Mendoza, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina. Electronic address: jaltamirano@mendoza-conicet.gob.ar.
authors.forename: Jorgelina C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Altamirano
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000864:Antarctic Regions; D003634:DDT / Q000378:metabolism; D003633:Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene / Q000378:metabolism; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005399:Fishes / Q000378:metabolism*; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000378:metabolism; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane / Q000378:metabolism; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000378:metabolism; D011075:Polybrominated Biphenyls / Q000378:metabolism; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C477694:2,2',4,4',5-brominated diphenyl ether; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D011075:Polybrominated Biphenyls; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C517828:hexabrominated diphenyl ether 153; C517827:pentabrominated diphenyl ether 100; C511295:2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether; C040534:alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane; D003633:Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane; D003634:DDT; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls; C533761:hexabromodiphenyl ether 154; C533760:tribromodiphenyl ether 28; C023888:beta-hexachlorocyclohexane
keywords: Antarctica; Notothenioids; POPs; South Shetland Islands; Tissue distribution