title: Two-dimensional photonic crystal sensors for visual detection of lectin concanavalin A.
abstract: We fabricated a two-dimensional (2-D) photonic crystal lectin sensing material that utilizes light diffraction from a 2-D colloidal array attached to the surface of a hydrogel that contains mannose carbohydrate groups. Lectin-carbohydrate interactions create hydrogel cross-links that shrink the hydrogel volume and decrease the 2-D particle spacing. This mannose containing 2-D photonic crystal sensor detects Concanavalin A (Con A) through shifts in the 2-D diffraction wavelength. Con A concentrations can be determined by measuring the diffracted wavelength or visually determined from the change in the sensor diffraction color. The concentrations are easily monitored by measuring the 2-D array Debye ring diameter. Our observed detection limit for Con A is 0.02 mg/mL (0.7 μM). The 2-D photonic crystal sensors are completely reversible and can monitor Con A solution concentration changes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States.
authors.forename: Jian-Tao
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zhongyu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Daniel H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kwak
authors.forename: Xinyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Sanford A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Asher
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D003208:Concanavalin A / Q000032:analysis*; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D008358:Mannose / Q000737:chemistry; D017785:Photons; D040081:Protein Array Analysis; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D000099166:Polyacrylamides
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D003208:Concanavalin A; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate; D008358:Mannose; D000099166:Polyacrylamides