title: Sonoelastography: musculoskeletal applications.
abstract: All participants for image samplings provided written informed consent. Conventional B-mode ultrasonography (US) has been widely utilized for musculoskeletal problems as a first-line approach because of the advantages of real-time access and the relatively low cost. The biomechanical properties of soft tissues reflect to some degree the pathophysiology of the musculoskeletal disorder. Sonoelastography is an in situ method that can be used to assess the mechanical properties of soft tissue qualitatively and quantitatively through US imaging techniques. Sonoelastography has demonstrated feasibility in the diagnosis of cancers of the breast and liver, and in some preliminary work, in several musculoskeletal disorders. The main types of sonoelastography are compression elastography, shear-wave elastography, and transient elastography. In this article, the current knowledge of sonoelastographic techniques and their use in musculoskeletal imaging will be reviewed.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Diagnostic Radiology (A.S.K., G.M.F., M.C.W., W.R.J.) and Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases (R.B.W.), Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (H.M.).
authors.forename: Andrea S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Klauser
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bellmann-Weiler
authors.forename: Gudrun M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Feuchtner
authors.forename: Marius C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Wick
authors.forename: Werner R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Jaschke
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D055119:Elastic Modulus; D054459:Elasticity Imaging Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity