title: Corticosteroid receptor expression and in vivo glucocorticoid sensitivity in multiple sclerosis.
abstract: To estimate the efficiency of glucocorticoid signaling in multiple sclerosis in vivo, we measured mRNA expression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR), mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and four genes regulated by GR and implicated in immune function, in whole blood. GR expression and MR expression were significantly lower in 52 patients than in 18 controls. In contrast, expression of GR regulated genes was increased (significantly for glucocorticoid induced leucine zipper, GILZ), especially in mildly impaired patients. Reduced GR expression appears to be compensated, either by hyperactive hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis or by intracellular adaptations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bechmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Busse
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Leipzig, Germany; Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stoppe
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cotte
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Leipzig, Germany; Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ettrich
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Leipzig, Germany; Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Leipzig, Germany. Electronic address: ThenBerF@medizin.uni-leipzig.de.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Then Bergh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D054638:Dual Specificity Phosphatase 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018161:Receptors, Mineralocorticoid / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D022021:Tacrolimus Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000099159:Tacrolimus Binding Protein 5
chemical_list: D054638:Dual Specificity Phosphatase 1; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid; D018161:Receptors, Mineralocorticoid; D022021:Tacrolimus Binding Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000099159:Tacrolimus Binding Protein 5; C404226:TSC22D3 protein, human; C517019:DUSP1 protein, human
keywords: Corticosteroid; Glucocorticoid receptor (GR); Hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenal axis; Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR); Multiple sclerosis (MS)