title: Toll like receptors: a new hope on the horizon to treat multiple sclerosis.
abstract: Evolving data have shown that the toll like receptors (TLRs) family of innate immune receptors has an important role in driving the activation and inhibition of pathogenic pathways involved in multiple sclerosis (MS). While developing clinical trials targeting MS by TLRs modulators are of considerable interest, several of them have failed. Herein, the various consequences of TLRs pathways activation and the potential of targeting these receptors for therapeutic purposes are described. In particular, different aspects of TLR based therapies are discussed, in order to develop more efficacious and safe therapies targeting inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, especially MS.
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14194, Iran.
authors.forename: Maziar
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gooshe
authors.forename: Ali Reza
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Aleyasin
authors.forename: Amir Hossein
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Abdolghaffari
authors.forename: Nima
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rezaei
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D056747:Immunomodulation; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000276:immunology*; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D051193:Toll-Like Receptors
keywords: immunomodulatory therapy; multiple sclerosis; pattern recognition receptors; toll like receptors; vaccine