title: α-Fetoprotein assay on dried blood spot for hepatoblastoma screening in children with overgrowth-cancer predisposition syndromes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) and hemihyperplasia (HH) are overgrowth conditions with predisposition to hepatoblastoma for which early diagnosis patients undergo cancer screening based on determination of the tumor marker α-fetoprotein (αFP). Repeated blood draws are a burden for patients with consequent compliance issues and poor adherence to surveillance protocol. We sought to analyze feasibility and reliability of αFP dosage using an analytical micromethod based on blood dried on filter paper (DBS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Overall 143 coupled αFP determinations on plasma and DBS collected simultaneously were performed, of which 31 were in patients with hepatoblastoma predisposition syndromes and 112 were in controls. The plasma αFP dosage method was adapted to DBS adsorbed on paper matrix for newborn screening.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was strong correlation between plasmatic and DBS αFP (r2 = 0.999, P < 0.001). Cohen's k coefficient for correlation was 0.96 for diagnostic cut-off of 10 U/ml (P < 0.001), commonly employed in clinical practice. The measurements on plasma and DBS were highly overlapping and consistent.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The DBS method allowed to dose αFP reliably and consistently for the concentrations commonly employed in clinical settings for the screening of hepatoblastoma, opening new scenarios about conducting cancer screening in overgrowth syndromes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mussa
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: Severo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pagliardini
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: Veronica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pagliardini
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Molinatto
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Baldassarre
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Corrias
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: Margherita Cirillo
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Silengo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni Battista
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Ferrero
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001506:Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D059788:Dried Blood Spot Testing; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer / Q000379:methods*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D018197:Hepatoblastoma / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D007223:Infant; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: C097353:AFP protein, human; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins