title: Gastric and enterohepatic helicobacters other than Helicobacter pylori.
abstract: During the past year, research on non-Helicobacter pylori species has intensified. H. valdiviensis was isolated from wild birds, and putative novel species have been isolated from Bengal tigers and Australian marsupials. Various genomes have been sequenced: H. bilis, H. canis, H. macacae, H. fennelliae, H. cetorum, and H. suis. Several studies highlighted the virulence of non-H. pylori species including H. cinaedi in humans and hyperlipidemic mice or H. macacae in geriatric rhesus monkeys with intestinal adenocarcinoma. Not surprisingly, increased attention has been paid to the position of Helicobacter species in the microbiota of children and animal species (mice, chickens, penguins, and migrating birds). A large number of experimental studies have been performed in animal models of Helicobacter induced typhlocolitis, showing that the gastrointestinal microbial community is involved in modulation of host pathways leading to chronic inflammation. Animal models of H. suis, H. heilmannii, and H. felis infection have been used to study the development of severe inflammation-related pathologies, including gastric MALT lymphoma and adenocarcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Centre National de Référence des Campylobacters et Hélicobacters, Université de Bordeaux, F33076, Bordeaux, France; INSERM U853, F33076, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Armelle
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ménard
authors.forename: Christelle
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Péré-Védrenne
authors.forename: Freddy
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Haesebrouck
authors.forename: Bram
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Flahou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D016998:Helicobacter / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology*; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000662:veterinary*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D013272:Stomach Diseases / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000662:veterinary*
keywords: Enterohepatic Helicobacter species; gastric Helicobacter species; genomics; human disease; microbiota; pathogenesis