title: Brain Malignancy Steering Committee clinical trials planning workshop: report from the Targeted Therapies Working Group.
abstract: Glioblastoma is the most common primary brain malignancy and is associated with poor prognosis despite aggressive local and systemic therapy, which is related to a paucity of viable treatment options in both the newly diagnosed and recurrent settings. Even so, the rapidly increasing number of targeted therapies being evaluated in oncology clinical trials offers hope for the future. Given the broad range of possibilities for future trials, the Brain Malignancy Steering Committee convened a clinical trials planning meeting that was held at the Udvar-Hazy Center in Chantilly, Virginia, on September 19 and 20, 2013. This manuscript reports the deliberations leading up to the event from the Targeted Therapies Working Group and the results of the meeting.
authors.affiliation: Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts (B.M.A., L.T., K.L.L., P.Y.W.); Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (E.G., K.V.B., B.P.O., J.N.S.); The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (W.K.A.Y., J.F.D., D.A.B.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (J.M.B.); University of California, Los Angeles, California (T.F.C.); Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (J.T.H., I.K.M.); National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (B.M., A.T.-A.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (W.M.); Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan (T.M.); University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (P.S.M.); University of California, San Francisco, California (M.D.P.); Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (X.Y.).
authors.forename: Brian M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Alexander
authors.affiliation: Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts (B.M.A., L.T., K.L.L., P.Y.W.); Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (E.G., K.V.B., B.P.O., J.N.S.); The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (W.K.A.Y., J.F.D., D.A.B.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (J.M.B.); University of California, Los Angeles, California (T.F.C.); Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (J.T.H., I.K.M.); National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (B.M., A.T.-A.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (W.M.); Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan (T.M.); University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (P.S.M.); University of California, San Francisco, California (M.D.P.); Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (X.Y.).
authors.forename: Evanthia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Galanis
authors.affiliation: Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts (B.M.A., L.T., K.L.L., P.Y.W.); Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (E.G., K.V.B., B.P.O., J.N.S.); The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (W.K.A.Y., J.F.D., D.A.B.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (J.M.B.); University of California, Los Angeles, California (T.F.C.); Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (J.T.H., I.K.M.); National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (B.M., A.T.-A.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (W.M.); Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan (T.M.); University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (P.S.M.); University of California, San Francisco, California (M.D.P.); Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (X.Y.).
authors.forename: W K Alfred
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Yung
authors.affiliation: Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts (B.M.A., L.T., K.L.L., P.Y.W.); Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (E.G., K.V.B., B.P.O., J.N.S.); The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (W.K.A.Y., J.F.D., D.A.B.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (J.M.B.); University of California, Los Angeles, California (T.F.C.); Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (J.T.H., I.K.M.); National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (B.M., A.T.-A.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (W.M.); Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan (T.M.); University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (P.S.M.); University of California, San Francisco, California (M.D.P.); Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (X.Y.).
authors.forename: Karla V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Ballman
authors.affiliation: Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts (B.M.A., L.T., K.L.L., P.Y.W.); Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (E.G., K.V.B., B.P.O., J.N.S.); The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (W.K.A.Y., J.F.D., D.A.B.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (J.M.B.); University of California, Los Angeles, California (T.F.C.); Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (J.T.H., I.K.M.); National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (B.M., A.T.-A.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (W.M.); Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan (T.M.); University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (P.S.M.); University of California, San Francisco, California (M.D.P.); Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (X.Y.).
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Boyett
authors.affiliation: Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts (B.M.A., L.T., K.L.L., P.Y.W.); Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (E.G., K.V.B., B.P.O., J.N.S.); The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (W.K.A.Y., J.F.D., D.A.B.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (J.M.B.); University of California, Los Angeles, California (T.F.C.); Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (J.T.H., I.K.M.); National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (B.M., A.T.-A.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (W.M.); Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan (T.M.); University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (P.S.M.); University of California, San Francisco, California (M.D.P.); Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (X.Y.).
authors.forename: Timothy F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Cloughesy
authors.affiliation: Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts (B.M.A., L.T., K.L.L., P.Y.W.); Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (E.G., K.V.B., B.P.O., J.N.S.); The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (W.K.A.Y., J.F.D., D.A.B.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (J.M.B.); University of California, Los Angeles, California (T.F.C.); Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (J.T.H., I.K.M.); National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (B.M., A.T.-A.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (W.M.); Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan (T.M.); University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (P.S.M.); University of California, San Francisco, California (M.D.P.); Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (X.Y.).
authors.forename: John F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Degroot
authors.affiliation: Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts (B.M.A., L.T., K.L.L., P.Y.W.); Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (E.G., K.V.B., B.P.O., J.N.S.); The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (W.K.A.Y., J.F.D., D.A.B.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (J.M.B.); University of California, Los Angeles, California (T.F.C.); Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (J.T.H., I.K.M.); National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (B.M., A.T.-A.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (W.M.); Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan (T.M.); University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (P.S.M.); University of California, San Francisco, California (M.D.P.); Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (X.Y.).
authors.forename: Jason T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Huse
authors.affiliation: Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts (B.M.A., L.T., K.L.L., P.Y.W.); Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (E.G., K.V.B., B.P.O., J.N.S.); The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (W.K.A.Y., J.F.D., D.A.B.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (J.M.B.); University of California, Los Angeles, California (T.F.C.); Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (J.T.H., I.K.M.); National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (B.M., A.T.-A.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (W.M.); Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan (T.M.); University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (P.S.M.); University of California, San Francisco, California (M.D.P.); Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (X.Y.).
authors.forename: Bhupinder
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mann
authors.affiliation: Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts (B.M.A., L.T., K.L.L., P.Y.W.); Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (E.G., K.V.B., B.P.O., J.N.S.); The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (W.K.A.Y., J.F.D., D.A.B.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (J.M.B.); University of California, Los Angeles, California (T.F.C.); Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (J.T.H., I.K.M.); National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (B.M., A.T.-A.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (W.M.); Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan (T.M.); University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (P.S.M.); University of California, San Francisco, California (M.D.P.); Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (X.Y.).
authors.forename: Warren
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Mason
authors.affiliation: Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts (B.M.A., L.T., K.L.L., P.Y.W.); Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (E.G., K.V.B., B.P.O., J.N.S.); The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (W.K.A.Y., J.F.D., D.A.B.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (J.M.B.); University of California, Los Angeles, California (T.F.C.); Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (J.T.H., I.K.M.); National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (B.M., A.T.-A.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (W.M.); Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan (T.M.); University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (P.S.M.); University of California, San Francisco, California (M.D.P.); Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (X.Y.).
authors.forename: Ingo K
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Mellinghoff
authors.affiliation: Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts (B.M.A., L.T., K.L.L., P.Y.W.); Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (E.G., K.V.B., B.P.O., J.N.S.); The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (W.K.A.Y., J.F.D., D.A.B.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (J.M.B.); University of California, Los Angeles, California (T.F.C.); Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (J.T.H., I.K.M.); National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (B.M., A.T.-A.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (W.M.); Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan (T.M.); University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (P.S.M.); University of California, San Francisco, California (M.D.P.); Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (X.Y.).
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mikkelsen
authors.affiliation: Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts (B.M.A., L.T., K.L.L., P.Y.W.); Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (E.G., K.V.B., B.P.O., J.N.S.); The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (W.K.A.Y., J.F.D., D.A.B.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (J.M.B.); University of California, Los Angeles, California (T.F.C.); Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (J.T.H., I.K.M.); National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (B.M., A.T.-A.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (W.M.); Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan (T.M.); University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (P.S.M.); University of California, San Francisco, California (M.D.P.); Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (X.Y.).
authors.forename: Paul S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Mischel
authors.affiliation: Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts (B.M.A., L.T., K.L.L., P.Y.W.); Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (E.G., K.V.B., B.P.O., J.N.S.); The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (W.K.A.Y., J.F.D., D.A.B.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (J.M.B.); University of California, Los Angeles, California (T.F.C.); Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (J.T.H., I.K.M.); National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (B.M., A.T.-A.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (W.M.); Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan (T.M.); University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (P.S.M.); University of California, San Francisco, California (M.D.P.); Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (X.Y.).
authors.forename: Brian P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: O'Neill
authors.affiliation: Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts (B.M.A., L.T., K.L.L., P.Y.W.); Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (E.G., K.V.B., B.P.O., J.N.S.); The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (W.K.A.Y., J.F.D., D.A.B.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (J.M.B.); University of California, Los Angeles, California (T.F.C.); Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (J.T.H., I.K.M.); National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (B.M., A.T.-A.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (W.M.); Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan (T.M.); University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (P.S.M.); University of California, San Francisco, California (M.D.P.); Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (X.Y.).
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Prados
authors.affiliation: Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts (B.M.A., L.T., K.L.L., P.Y.W.); Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (E.G., K.V.B., B.P.O., J.N.S.); The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (W.K.A.Y., J.F.D., D.A.B.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (J.M.B.); University of California, Los Angeles, California (T.F.C.); Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (J.T.H., I.K.M.); National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (B.M., A.T.-A.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (W.M.); Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan (T.M.); University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (P.S.M.); University of California, San Francisco, California (M.D.P.); Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (X.Y.).
authors.forename: Jann N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Sarkaria
authors.affiliation: Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts (B.M.A., L.T., K.L.L., P.Y.W.); Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (E.G., K.V.B., B.P.O., J.N.S.); The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (W.K.A.Y., J.F.D., D.A.B.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (J.M.B.); University of California, Los Angeles, California (T.F.C.); Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (J.T.H., I.K.M.); National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (B.M., A.T.-A.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (W.M.); Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan (T.M.); University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (P.S.M.); University of California, San Francisco, California (M.D.P.); Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (X.Y.).
authors.forename: Abdul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tawab-Amiri
authors.affiliation: Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts (B.M.A., L.T., K.L.L., P.Y.W.); Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (E.G., K.V.B., B.P.O., J.N.S.); The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (W.K.A.Y., J.F.D., D.A.B.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (J.M.B.); University of California, Los Angeles, California (T.F.C.); Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (J.T.H., I.K.M.); National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (B.M., A.T.-A.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (W.M.); Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan (T.M.); University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (P.S.M.); University of California, San Francisco, California (M.D.P.); Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (X.Y.).
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Trippa
authors.affiliation: Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts (B.M.A., L.T., K.L.L., P.Y.W.); Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (E.G., K.V.B., B.P.O., J.N.S.); The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (W.K.A.Y., J.F.D., D.A.B.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (J.M.B.); University of California, Los Angeles, California (T.F.C.); Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (J.T.H., I.K.M.); National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (B.M., A.T.-A.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (W.M.); Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan (T.M.); University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (P.S.M.); University of California, San Francisco, California (M.D.P.); Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (X.Y.).
authors.forename: Xiaobu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts (B.M.A., L.T., K.L.L., P.Y.W.); Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (E.G., K.V.B., B.P.O., J.N.S.); The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (W.K.A.Y., J.F.D., D.A.B.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (J.M.B.); University of California, Los Angeles, California (T.F.C.); Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (J.T.H., I.K.M.); National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (B.M., A.T.-A.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (W.M.); Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan (T.M.); University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (P.S.M.); University of California, San Francisco, California (M.D.P.); Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (X.Y.).
authors.forename: Keith L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Ligon
authors.affiliation: Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts (B.M.A., L.T., K.L.L., P.Y.W.); Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (E.G., K.V.B., B.P.O., J.N.S.); The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (W.K.A.Y., J.F.D., D.A.B.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (J.M.B.); University of California, Los Angeles, California (T.F.C.); Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (J.T.H., I.K.M.); National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (B.M., A.T.-A.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (W.M.); Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan (T.M.); University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (P.S.M.); University of California, San Francisco, California (M.D.P.); Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (X.Y.).
authors.forename: Donald A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Berry
authors.affiliation: Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts (B.M.A., L.T., K.L.L., P.Y.W.); Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (E.G., K.V.B., B.P.O., J.N.S.); The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (W.K.A.Y., J.F.D., D.A.B.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (J.M.B.); University of California, Los Angeles, California (T.F.C.); Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (J.T.H., I.K.M.); National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (B.M., A.T.-A.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (W.M.); Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan (T.M.); University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (P.S.M.); University of California, San Francisco, California (M.D.P.); Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (X.Y.).
authors.forename: Patrick Y
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Wen
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D023381:Endpoint Determination; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: adaptive randomization; biomarkers; clinical trials; glioblastoma