title: TGFβ in T cell biology and tumor immunity: Angel or devil?
abstract: The evolutionally conserved transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) affects multiple cell types in the immune system by either stimulating or inhibiting their differentiation and function. Studies using transgenic mice with ablation of TGFβ or its receptor have revealed the biological significance of TGFβ signaling in the control of T cells. However, it is now clear that TGFβ is more than an immunosuppressive cytokine. Disruption of TGFβ signaling pathway also leads to impaired generation of certain T cell populations. Therefore, in the normal physiological state, TGFβ actively maintains T cell homeostasis and regulates T cell function. However, in the tumor microenvironment, TGFβ creates an immunosuppressive milieu that inhibits antitumor immunity. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of the roles of TGFβ in the regulation of T cells and tumor immunity.
authors.affiliation: Mucosal Immunology Section, OPCB, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.affiliation: Mucosal Immunology Section, OPCB, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Pei Zhi Cheryl
authors.initials: PZ
authors.lastname: Chia
authors.affiliation: Mucosal Immunology Section, OPCB, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Electronic address: wchen@mail.nih.gov.
authors.forename: Wanjun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000276:immunology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D019139:Tumor Escape / Q000276:immunology; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta