title: Determination of urinary levels of Bisphenol A in a Turkish population.
abstract: Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals that is widely used in common consumer products. The aim of this study was to report the total urinary BPA concentrations (free plus conjugated) in 200 urine samples (children: 57; male: 74; female: 69) obtained from residents of a Mediterranean city, Mersin. Analyses were performed by high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) and for assessing environmental exposure to free BPA and its major metabolite bisphenol A glucuronide (BPAG) in human urine were determinated. Our results indicated that the free BPA and BPAG concentrations were in the range of 0.06-0.99 μg/g creatinine and 0.24-615 μg/g creatinine, respectively. No statistically significant difference obtained in BPA concentrations between genders (male and female) or domicile of residence (rural and urban) (p > 0.05). In our study, the mean level of detected free BPA was 0.46 μg/g creatinine in the urban area and 0.37 μg/g creatinine in the rural area. The average amount of BPAG was 60.56 μg/g creatinine in the urban area and 30.28 μg/g creatinine in the rural area. The data demonstrate that determined amount of total BPA in the present study is lower than the results of similar studies conducted in developed countries. There is no data about the levels of BPA in humans and environment in Turkey. Because of this reason, present study is very important since it is the first study in Turkey which determined the concentrations of free BPA and total BPA in human.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Mersin University, 33169, Mersin, Turkey, diakunal@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Dilek
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Battal
authors.forename: Ismet
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cok
authors.forename: Irfan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Unlusayin
authors.forename: Ayca
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aktas
authors.forename: Bahar
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tunctan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000652:urine*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D002947:Cities; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000032:analysis / Q000652:urine*; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000652:urine*; D005260:Female; D020719:Glucuronides / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010636:Phenols / Q000652:urine*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D014421:Turkey; D055815:Young Adult; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D003404:Creatinine; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D020719:Glucuronides; D010636:Phenols; C512161:bisphenol A glucuronide; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds; C006780:bisphenol A