title: Microwave-assisted polyol synthesis of gadolinium-doped green luminescent carbon dots as a bimodal nanoprobe.
abstract: The development of multimodal nanoprobes is highly desired in medical imaging because it integrates the advantages of multiple imaging modes. In this study, the gadolinium-doped green luminescent carbon dots (Gd-CDs) were prepared by the simple one-step microwave-assisted polyol method. The obtained Gd-CDs emitted a unique green photoluminescence with a quantum yield of 5.4%. The Gd-CDs exhibited a low cytotoxicity and could optically label the C6 glioma cells. Meanwhile, the r1 relaxivity of Gd-CDs was measured to be 11.356 mM(-1) s(-1). This high r1 value together with the r2/r1 ratio close to 1 nominates Gd-CDs as an excellent T1 contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging. These Gd-CDs combining two complementary imaging modalities are therefore a promising bimodal nanoprobe in medical imaging for a better diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, ‡School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, §Regeneration and Repair, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, and ⊥School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University , Beijing 100069, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ningqiang
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Shuai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yunlong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Xiao'ai
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gu
mesh_terms: D002244:Carbon / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry; D005682:Gadolinium / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry*; D005910:Glioma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D049449:Luminescence; D008872:Microwaves; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry*; D011108:Polymers / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D011108:Polymers; C024617:polyol; D002244:Carbon; D005682:Gadolinium