title: [Study of N-methylcarbamoylated hemoglobin in blood of being an exposure biomarker of N, N-dimethylformamide].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the value of blood N-methylcarbamoylated haemoglobin (NMHb) as a biomarker of N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) exposure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-two DMF processing workers in a synthetic leather factory were included in the DMF exposure group, and 12 workers in a food factory without exposure to DMF were included in the control group. Long-time individual sampling in workplace was performed among 45 workers in the exposure group, accompanied by a questionnaire survey. Blood and urine were collected for the determination of urinary N-methylformamide (NMF), urinary creatinine, and blood NMHb. Air DMF and urinary NMF were determined by gas chromatography. NMHb in blood was degraded to 3-methyl-5-isopropylhydantoin by Edman degradation before it could be determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Air DMF in workplace and NMF in post-shift urine were both correlated with NMHb in blood, and the respective regression equations were LgNMHb (nmol/g globin) = 0.32×LgDMF (mg/m(3))+1.8 (r = 0.60, P < 0.005), and LgNMHb (nmol/g globin) = 0.47×LgNMF (mg/g Cr) + 1.4 (r = 0.56, P < 0.005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NMHb can be used as a biomarker of long-term exposure to DMF.
authors.affiliation: Zhe Jiang Academy of Medical Science, Hangzhou 310013, China.
authors.forename: Weiguo
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Zhe Jiang Academy of Medical Science, Hangzhou 310013, China.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ruan
authors.affiliation: Zhe Jiang Academy of Medical Science, Hangzhou 310013, China.
authors.forename: Chengmin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Zhe Jiang Academy of Medical Science, Hangzhou 310013, China. Email: ykyqyl@126.com.
authors.forename: Yaling
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qian
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D004126:Dimethylformamide / Q000032:analysis*; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D017132:Workplace; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D006454:Hemoglobins; D004126:Dimethylformamide