title: Basic leucine zipper family in barley: genome-wide characterization of members and expression analysis.
abstract: The basic leucine zipper (bZIP) family is one of the largest and most diverse transcription factors in eukaryotes participating in many essential plant processes. We identified 141 bZIP proteins encoded by 89 genes from the Hordeum vulgare genome. HvbZIPs were classified into 11 groups based on their DNA-binding motif. Amino acid sequence alignment of the HvbZIPs basic-hinge regions revealed some highly conserved residues within each group. The leucine zipper heptads were analyzed predicting their dimerization properties. 34 conserved motifs were identified outside the bZIP domain. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that major diversification within the bZIP family predated the monocot/dicot divergence, although intra-species duplication and parallel evolution seems to be occurred afterward. Localization of HvbZIPs on the barley chromosomes revealed that different groups have been distributed on seven chromosomes of barley. Six types of intron pattern were detected within the basic-hinge regions. Most of the detected cis-elements in the promoter and UTR sequences were involved in seed development or abiotic stress response. Microarray data analysis revealed differential expression pattern of HvbZIPs in response to ABA treatment, drought, and cold stresses and during barley grain development and germination. This information would be helpful for functional characterization of bZIP transcription factors in barley.
authors.affiliation: Systems Biology Department, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Seed and Plant Improvement Institutes Campus, Mahdasht Road, P. O. Box: 31535-1897, Karaj, Iran, e.pourabed@live.com.
authors.forename: Ehsan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pourabed
authors.forename: Farzan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ghane Golmohamadi
authors.forename: Peyman
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Soleymani Monfared
authors.forename: Seyed Morteza
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Razavi
authors.forename: Zahra-Sadat
authors.initials: ZS
authors.lastname: Shobbar
mesh_terms: D000040:Abscisic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D000064:Acclimatization / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D001483:Base Sequence; D050976:Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001665:Binding Sites; D032461:Chromosomes, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D003080:Cold Temperature; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000378:metabolism; D055864:Droughts; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D017343:Genes, Plant; D018745:Genome, Plant; D018525:Germination / Q000235:genetics; D001467:Hordeum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D007438:Introns / Q000235:genetics; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005810:Multigene Family; D010802:Phylogeny; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D055503:Protein Multimerization / Q000187:drug effects; D012639:Seeds / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D050976:Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors; D018744:DNA, Plant; D035683:MicroRNAs; D010940:Plant Proteins; D000040:Abscisic Acid