title: A pediatric case of peripheral polyneuropathy with IgM anti-GM1 antibody associated with A group a beta-hemolytic Streptococcus infection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Postinfectious peripheral neuropathy can be associated with various viral or bacterial infections. Group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcus infection can lead to neurological disorders, which involve predominantly the central nervous system, whereas peripheral neuropathy during childhood is rare.
  
  
  METHODS
  We describe a 12-year-old boy who presented with peripheral polyneuropathy associated with Group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcus infection. Anti-GM1 IgM was significantly elevated in his serum during the acute phase, which suggested that it was related with the pathophysiology in this patient.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcus infection may cause peripheral neuropathy via the autoimmune system and glycolipids.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan. Electronic address: ishikan@hiroshima-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Nobutsune
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Samukawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kusunoki
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
mesh_terms: D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D002648:Child; D005677:G(M1) Ganglioside / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D009431:Neural Conduction; D010523:Peripheral Nervous System Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D013297:Streptococcus pyogenes
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D005677:G(M1) Ganglioside
keywords: GABHS infection; antiglycolipids antibody; childhood; peripheral polyneuropathy