title: Allelic combinations of soybean maturity Loci E1, E2, E3 and E4 result in diversity of maturity and adaptation to different latitudes.
abstract: Soybean cultivars are extremely diverse in time to flowering and maturation as a result of various photoperiod sensitivities. The underlying molecular genetic mechanism is not fully clear, however, four maturity loci E1, E2, E3 and E4 have been molecularly identified. In this report, cultivars were selected with various photoperiod sensitivities from different ecological zones, which covered almost all maturity groups (MG) from MG 000 to MG VIII and MG X adapted from latitude N 18° to N 53°. They were planted in the field under natural daylength condition (ND) in Beijing, China or in pots under different photoperiod treatments. Maturity-related traits were then investigated. The four E maturity loci were genotyped at the molecular level. Our results suggested that these four E genes have different impacts on maturity and their allelic variations and combinations determine the diversification of soybean maturity and adaptation to different latitudes. The genetic mechanisms underlying photoperiod sensitivity and adaptation in wild soybean seemed unique from those in cultivated soybean. The allelic combinations and functional molecular markers for the four E loci will significantly assist molecular breeding towards high productivity.
authors.affiliation: The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement and MOA Key Lab of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Bingjun
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Haiyang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nan
authors.affiliation: The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement and MOA Key Lab of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Youfei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement and MOA Key Lab of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yanlei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yue
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Sijia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement and MOA Key Lab of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Liming
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement and MOA Key Lab of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Shi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Jialin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement and MOA Key Lab of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Cunxiang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Xiaohui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement and MOA Key Lab of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Wensheng
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Fanjiang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.affiliation: The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement and MOA Key Lab of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Tianfu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Baohui
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D002681:China; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002980:Climate; D035264:Flowers / Q000235:genetics*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D018745:Genome, Plant; D005838:Genotype; D010641:Phenotype; D017440:Photoperiod; D040641:Quantitative Trait Loci; D013025:Glycine max / Q000235:genetics*