title: Safety and efficacy of S-1 chemotherapy in recurrent and metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients after failure of platinum-based chemotherapy: multi-institutional retrospective analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This retrospective study evaluates the efficacy and safety of S-1 chemotherapy for recurrent and metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients after failure of platinum-based chemotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-nine patients with recurrent and metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma who failed previous platinum-based chemotherapy received oral S-1 chemotherapy (twice daily from day 1 to 14) every 3 weeks. The dose of S-1 was determined according to the body surface area (BSA): 40 mg twice a day for BSA <1.25 m(2); 50 mg twice a day for 1.25 m(2) ≤BSA<1.5 m(2); and 60 mg twice a day for BSA ≥1.5 m(2).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment was well tolerated. Most adverse events were mild. Grade 3 hematological toxicity occurred in 7.7%. There was one complete response (2.6%) and 12 partial responses (30.7%), giving an overall response rate of 33.3% (95% CI [confidence interval], 21.7-50.8). Median time-to-progression was 5.6 months, and median survival was 13.9 months. One- and 2-year survival rates were 60% and 26%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  S-1 monotherapy is considered a safe and effective treatment option for recurrent and metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients after failure of platinum-based chemotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat-Sen University, Zhu Hai, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Pei-Jian
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat-Sen University, Zhu Hai, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat-Sen University, Zhu Hai, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xue-Qing
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Ou
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat-Sen University, Zhu Hai, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lin-Juan
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun-Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, the People's Hospital of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yu-Meng
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat-Sen University, Zhu Hai, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat-Sen University, Zhu Hai, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yan-Na
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat-Sen University, Zhu Hai, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Si-Yang
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat-Sen University, Zhu Hai, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hong-Yu
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat-Sen University, Zhu Hai, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Bin
authors.initials: ZB
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002277:Carcinoma; D018450:Disease Progression; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000077274:Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D010094:Oxonic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017671:Platinum Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D005641:Tegafur / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D004338:Drug Combinations; D017671:Platinum Compounds; C079198:S 1 (combination); D005641:Tegafur; D010094:Oxonic Acid
keywords: S-1; chemotherapy; nasopharyngeal carcinoma; platinum