title: Mitochondria: roles in pulmonary hypertension.
abstract: Mitochondria are essential cell organelles responsible for ATP production in the presence of oxygen. In the pulmonary vasculature, mitochondria contribute to physiological intracellular signalling pathways through production of reactive oxygen species and play the role of oxygen sensors that coordinate hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. Mitochondria also play a pathophysiological role in pulmonary hypertension (PH). This disease is characterized by increased pulmonary arterial pressure and remodelling of pulmonary arteries, leading to increased pulmonary vascular resistance, hypertrophy of the right ventricle, right heart failure and ultimately death. Mitochondrial alterations have been evidenced in PH in pulmonary arteries and in the right ventricle, in particular a chronic shift in energy production from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis. This shift, initially described in cancer cells, may play a central role in PH pathogenesis. Further studies of these metabolic mitochondrial alterations in PH may therefore open new therapeutic perspectives in this disease.
authors.affiliation: Univ. Bordeaux, Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33000, Bordeaux, France; INSERM, Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33000 Bordeaux, France. Electronic address: veronique.michel@u-bordeaux.fr.
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Freund-Michel
authors.affiliation: Univ. Bordeaux, Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33000, Bordeaux, France; INSERM, Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Nafiisha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Khoyrattee
authors.affiliation: Univ. Bordeaux, Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33000, Bordeaux, France; INSERM, Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Savineau
authors.affiliation: Univ. Bordeaux, Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33000, Bordeaux, France; INSERM, Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Muller
authors.affiliation: Univ. Bordeaux, Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33000, Bordeaux, France; INSERM, Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Christelle
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Guibert
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006019:Glycolysis; D006801:Humans; D017380:Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular / Q000378:metabolism; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010085:Oxidative Phosphorylation; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000378:metabolism*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species
keywords: Mitochondria; Mitochondrial dysfunction; Pulmonary arterial remodelling; Pulmonary hypertension; Right ventricular hypertrophy