title: Null steering of adaptive beamforming using linear constraint minimum variance assisted by particle swarm optimization, dynamic mutated artificial immune system, and gravitational search algorithm.
abstract: Linear constraint minimum variance (LCMV) is one of the adaptive beamforming techniques that is commonly applied to cancel interfering signals and steer or produce a strong beam to the desired signal through its computed weight vectors. However, weights computed by LCMV usually are not able to form the radiation beam towards the target user precisely and not good enough to reduce the interference by placing null at the interference sources. It is difficult to improve and optimize the LCMV beamforming technique through conventional empirical approach. To provide a solution to this problem, artificial intelligence (AI) technique is explored in order to enhance the LCMV beamforming ability. In this paper, particle swarm optimization (PSO), dynamic mutated artificial immune system (DM-AIS), and gravitational search algorithm (GSA) are incorporated into the existing LCMV technique in order to improve the weights of LCMV. The simulation result demonstrates that received signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR) of target user can be significantly improved by the integration of PSO, DM-AIS, and GSA in LCMV through the suppression of interference in undesired direction. Furthermore, the proposed GSA can be applied as a more effective technique in LCMV beamforming optimization as compared to the PSO technique. The algorithms were implemented using Matlab program.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical, Electronic & Systems Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Soodabeh
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5746-2116
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Darzi
authors.affiliation: Power Engineering Center & Center of System and Machine Intelligence, College of Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Tiong Sieh
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Kiong
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical, Electronic & Systems Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohammad Tariqul
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical, Electronic & Systems Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mahamod
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ismail
authors.affiliation: Space Science Center (ANGKASA), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Salehin
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6523-5730
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kibria
authors.affiliation: Power Engineering Center & Center of System and Machine Intelligence, College of Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Balasem
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Salem
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D008962:Models, Theoretical