title: Effectiveness of selenium on acrylamide toxicity to retina.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the hematological parameters, biochemical and electrophysiological role of acrylamide (ACR) in the retina and to assess whether selenium (Se) has protective potential in experimental oral intoxication with ACR.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty Wistar age matched-albino rats (3mo) weighing 195-230 g comprised of both sex were divided into 4 groups. Group I served as the control one in which animals take saline; group II was animals administrated ACR in dose of 15 mg/kg body weight per day for 28d; group III was animals received ACR then additionally Se (0.1 mg/kg body weight) for 28d; and group IV was animals received Se only (0.1 mg/kg body weight) for 28d. Blood analysis and serum trace element levels (Fe, Cu, and Zn) were measured. The electroretinogram (ERG) was recorded, the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the retinal tissues were determined. Moreover the regulation of ion channels such as calcium, sodium and potassium were studied. All measurements were done for all groups after 28d.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Administration of ACR in group II caused a significant decrease (P<0.05) in hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cells (RBCs), hematocrit (HCT), white blood cells (WBCs) and lymphocyte of rats. A significant decrease (P<0.05) in Zn level, and alkaline phosphatase enzyme was observed compared to control. ERG which is a reflection of the electric activity in the retina; a- and-b wave amplitudes in ACR group had a reduction of 40% and 20% respectively. These changes accompanied by significant increases (P<0.05) in MDA level in the ACR group, in contrast with GSH-Px which is significant decreased (P<0.05). Moreover sodium and calcium were significant increased but potassium was significant decreased (P<0.05) compared to control group. There were no significant differences between group III (treated with Se) and control in all hematological parameter. Also serum trace elements levels (Cu, Fe and Zn), alkaline phosphatase enzyme and electric activity of the retina didn't change compared to control due to Se treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides evidence for the protective effect of Se on acrylamide induced toxicity by reducing oxidative stress.
authors.affiliation: Biophysics and Laser Science Unit, Department of Visual Science, Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Giza 12511, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mervat Ahmed
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.affiliation: Biophysics and Laser Science Unit, Department of Visual Science, Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Giza 12511, Egypt.
authors.forename: Eman Mohamed
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Aly
authors.affiliation: Biophysics and Laser Science Unit, Department of Visual Science, Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Giza 12511, Egypt.
authors.forename: Amal Ibrahim
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Elawady
keywords: acrylamide; electroretinogram; hemoglobin; retina; selenium