title: Classification of spelt cultivars based on differences in storage protein compositions from wheat.
abstract: Wholemeal flours from 62 spelt and 13 wheat cultivars were studied. The quantitative protein compositions of the Osborne fractions determined by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, showed that the chromatograms of the reduced gliadin fractions were most suitable for the distinction of spelt from wheat and for the classification of spelt. The patterns of the reduced spelt gliadins showed one to three markers that were not present in wheat. Based on these markers, spelt cultivars were classified into three groups ranging from 'typical spelt' to 'similar to common wheat'. Marker 1 was identified as ω1,2-gliadin and markers 2, 3a and 3b were identified as γ-gliadins by means of N-terminal sequence analysis and determination of the relative molecular mass by mass spectrometry. As glutenin-bound ω-gliadins were present in wheat and absent in spelt, this protein type may be used to detect and quantitate small amounts of wheat in spelt products.
authors.affiliation: Hans-Dieter-Belitz-Institut für Mehl- und Eiweißforschung, Lise-Meitner-Straße 34, 85354 Freising, Germany.
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Koenig
authors.affiliation: Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für Lebensmittelchemie, Leibniz Institut, Lise-Meitner-Straße 34, 85354 Freising, Germany.
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Konitzer
authors.affiliation: Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für Lebensmittelchemie, Leibniz Institut, Lise-Meitner-Straße 34, 85354 Freising, Germany.
authors.forename: Herbert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wieser
authors.affiliation: Hans-Dieter-Belitz-Institut für Mehl- und Eiweißforschung, Lise-Meitner-Straße 34, 85354 Freising, Germany; Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für Lebensmittelchemie, Leibniz Institut, Lise-Meitner-Straße 34, 85354 Freising, Germany. Electronic address: peter.koehler@tum.de.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Koehler
mesh_terms: D005433:Flour / Q000032:analysis / Q000145:classification; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D014908:Triticum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; C038234:storage protein, Triticum aestivum
keywords: Gliadins; Glutenins; Protein composition; Spelt classification; Wheat crossbreed