title: Detection of cow milk adulteration in yak milk by ELISA.
abstract: In the current study, a simple, sensitive, and specific ELISA assay using a high-affinity anti-bovine β-casein monoclonal antibody was developed for the rapid detection of cow milk in adulterated yak milk. The developed ELISA was highly specific and could be applied to detect bovine β-casein (10-8,000 μg/mL) and cow milk (1:1,300 to 1:2 dilution) in yak milk. Cross-reactivity was <1% when tested against yak milk. The linear range of adulterant concentration was 1 to 80% (vol/vol) and the minimum detection limit was 1% (vol/vol) cow milk in yak milk. Different treatments, including heating, acidification, and rennet addition, did not interfere with the assay. Moreover, the results were highly reproducible (coefficient of variation <10%) and we detected no significant differences between known and estimated values. Therefore, this assay is appropriate for the routine analysis of yak milk adulterated with cow milk.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, and Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Q R
authors.initials: QR
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, and Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, and Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.
authors.forename: H Y
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, and Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, and Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, and Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China; Beijing Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Animal Product, Beijing 100083, P. R. China. Electronic address: renfazheng@263.net.
authors.forename: F Z
authors.initials: FZ
authors.lastname: Ren
mesh_terms: D000143:Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000032:analysis*; D002364:Caseins / Q000032:analysis*; D002417:Cattle; D012085:Chymosin / Q000737:chemistry; D003429:Cross Reactions; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D000143:Acids; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D002364:Caseins; C025350:rennet; D012085:Chymosin
keywords: adulteration; indirect competitive ELISA; monoclonal antibody; yak milk