title: Biscayne aquifer drinking water (USGS45): a new isotopic reference material for δ2H and δ18O measurements of water.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  As a result of the scarcity of isotopic reference waters for daily use, a new secondary isotopic reference material for international distribution has been prepared from drinking water collected from the Biscayne aquifer in Ft. Lauderdale, Florida.
  
  
  METHODS
  This isotopic reference water was filtered, homogenized, loaded into glass ampoules, sealed with a torch, autoclaved to eliminate biological activity, and measured by dual-inlet isotope-ratio mass spectrometry. This reference material is available by the case of 144 glass ampoules containing either 4 mL or 5 mL of water in each ampoule.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The δ(2)H and δ(18)O values of this reference material are -10.3 ± 0.4‰ and -2.238 ± 0.011‰, respectively, relative to VSMOW, on scales normalized such that the δ(2)H and δ(18)O values of SLAP reference water are, respectively, -428 and -55.5‰. Each uncertainty is an estimated expanded uncertainty (U = 2uc ) about the reference value that provides an interval that has about a 95% probability of encompassing the true value.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This isotopic reference material, designated as USGS45, is intended as one of two isotopic reference waters for daily normalization of stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopic analysis of water with an isotope-ratio mass spectrometer or a laser absorption spectrometer. Published in 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
authors.affiliation: U.S. Geological Survey, 431 National Center, Reston, VA, 20192, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lorenz
authors.forename: Lauren
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tarbox
authors.forename: Bryan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Buck
authors.forename: Haiping
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.forename: Tyler B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Coplen