title: Behavioural ratings of self-regulatory mechanisms and driving behaviour after an acquired brain injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore whether measurements of self-regulatory mechanisms and cognition predict driving behaviour after an acquired brain injury (ABI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive follow-up study.
  
  
  METHODS
  At baseline participants included 77 persons with stroke and 32 persons with a traumatic brain injury (TBI), all of whom completed a multidisciplinary driving assessment (MDA). A follow-up cohort of 34 persons that succeeded the MDA was included. Baseline measurements: Neuropsychological tests and measurements of self-regulatory mechanisms (BRIEF-A and UPPS Impulsive Behaviour Scale), driving behaviour (DBQ) and pre-injury driving characteristics (mileage, compensatory driving strategies and accident rates). Follow-up measurements: Post-injury driving characteristics were collected by mailed questionnaires from the participants who succeeded the MDA.
  
  
  METHODS
  A MDA, which included a medical examination, neuropsychological testing and an on-road driving test, was considered in the decision for or against granting a driver's license. Self-regulatory mechanisms and driving behaviour were examined for research purposes only.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline, self-regulatory mechanisms were significantly associated to aberrant driving behaviour, but not with neuropsychological data or with the outcome of the on-road driving test. Aspects of self-regulation were associated to driving behaviour at follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is recommended that self-regulatory measurements should regularly be considered in the driving assessments after ABI.
authors.affiliation: Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital , Nesodden , Norway .
authors.forename: Per-Ola
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Rike
authors.forename: Pål
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ulleberg
authors.forename: Maria T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Schultheis
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lundqvist
authors.forename: Anne-Kristine
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Schanke
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000523:psychology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001333:Automobile Driver Examination; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence* / Q000523:psychology; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008004:Licensure; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012927:Social Control, Informal; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Automobile driving; executive function; neuropsychology; personality; self-regulation; stroke; traumatic brain injuries