title: Evaluation of CCL5 -403 G>A and CCR5 Δ32 gene polymorphisms in patients with breast cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent evidence has demonstrated the implication of CC chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) and CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) in breast tumor initiation and progression.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to investigate whether single nucleotide polymorphisms of CCL5 -403 G>A (rs2107538) and CCR5 Δ32 genes are associated with the breast cancer (BC) risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 439 subjects including on 236 BC patients and 203 healthy controls from the same area were recruited. The CCL5 -403 G>A and CCR5 Δ32 polymorphisms were genotyped by allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) and PCR, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our data demonstrated that the CCL5 -403 GA and GA+AA genotypes, with a higher frequency in the BC patients compared to the control group, were associated with an increased risk of BC in the codominant (GG vs. GA OR=1.75, 95%CI=1.07-2.86, P=0.025) and dominant models (GG vs. GA+AA: OR=1.84, 95%CI=1.15-2.93, P=0.014), respectively. Additionally, the A allele of CCL5 -403 G>A variation was found more prevalent in the BC patients than in controls (14% vs. 8%) and was a risk factor for BC (G vs. A: OR=1.87, 95% CI=1.21-2.89, P=0.004).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings highlighted that the CCL5 -403 G>A polymorphism is a risk factor for BC in our population. Our findings suggest that the CCL5 -403 GA and GA+AA genotypes and the A allele were associated with an elevated risk of BC which may function as risk factor for breast carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Genetics of Non-Communicable Disease Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
authors.forename: Ebrahim
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Eskandari-Nasab
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hashemi
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mahboubeh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ebrahimi
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
authors.forename: Shadi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Amininia
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
authors.forename: Gholamreza
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bahari
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad-Ali
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mashhadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taheri
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D012306:Risk; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: C483024:CCL5 protein, human; D018946:Chemokine CCL5
keywords: CCL5; CCR5; breast cancer; gene polymorphism