title: Targeted enhancement of cortical-hippocampal brain networks and associative memory.
abstract: The influential notion that the hippocampus supports associative memory by interacting with functionally distinct and distributed brain regions has not been directly tested in humans. We therefore used targeted noninvasive electromagnetic stimulation to modulate human cortical-hippocampal networks and tested effects of this manipulation on memory. Multiple-session stimulation increased functional connectivity among distributed cortical-hippocampal network regions and concomitantly improved associative memory performance. These alterations involved localized long-term plasticity because increases were highly selective to the targeted brain regions, and enhancements of connectivity and associative memory persisted for ~24 hours after stimulation. Targeted cortical-hippocampal networks can thus be enhanced noninvasively, demonstrating their role in associative memory.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Social Sciences, Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, and Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Jane X
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: The Sensory Motor Performance Program, Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Lynn M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Social Sciences, Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, and Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Evan Z
authors.initials: EZ
authors.lastname: Gross
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Social Sciences, Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, and Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Anthony J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Ryals
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Mehmet E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Dokucu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Social Sciences, Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, and Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Kelly L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Brandstatt
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Social Sciences, Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, and Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Molly S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Hermiller
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Social Sciences, Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, and Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. joel-voss@northwestern.edu.
authors.forename: Joel L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Voss
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001244:Association; D005260:Female; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology*; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000502:physiology; D010296:Parietal Lobe / Q000502:physiology*; D050781:Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation; D055815:Young Adult