title: Characterisation of aroma profiles of commercial soy sauce by odour activity value and omission test.
abstract: Twenty-seven commercial soy sauces produced through three different fermentation processes (high-salt liquid-state fermentation soy sauce, HLFSS; low-salt solid-state fermentation soy sauce, LSFSS; Koikuchi soy sauce, KSS) were examined to identify the aroma compounds and the effect of fermentation process on the flavour of the soy sauce was investigated. Results showed that 129 volatiles were identified, of which 41 aroma-active components were quantified. The types of odorants occurring in the three soy sauce groups were similar, although their intensities significantly differed. Many esters and phenols were found at relatively high intensities in KSS, whereas some volatile acids only occurred in LSFSS. Furthermore, 23 aroma compounds had average OAVs>1, among which 3-methylbutanal, ethyl acetate, 4-hydroxy-2-ethyl-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, 2-methylbutanal and 3-(methylthio)propanal exhibited the highest average OAVs (>100). In addition, omission tests verified the important contribution of the products resulting from amino acid catabolism to the characteristic aroma of soy sauce.
authors.affiliation: College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
authors.forename: Yunzi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China. Electronic address: fegwsu@scut.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Guowan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
authors.forename: Haifeng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
authors.forename: Chun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Dongxiao
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sun-Waterhouse
authors.affiliation: College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China. Electronic address: femmzhao@scut.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Mouming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D009812:Odorants / Q000032:analysis*; D045730:Soy Foods / Q000032:analysis*
keywords: Aroma-active components; OAV; Omission test; SPME–GC–MS; Soy sauce