title: The association of toll-like receptor 4 polymorphism with hepatitis C virus infection in Saudi Arabian patients.
abstract: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a single stranded RNA virus. It affects millions of people worldwide and is considered as a leading cause of liver diseases including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. A recent study reported that TLR4 gene polymorphisms are good prognostic predictors and are associated with protection from liver fibrosis among Caucasians. This study aims to investigate the implication of genetic polymorphisms of TLR4 gene on the HCV infection in Saudi Arabian patients. Two SNPs in the TLR4 gene, rs4986790 (A/G) and rs4986791 (C/T), were genotyped in 450 HCV patients and 600 uninfected controls. The association analysis confirmed that both SNPs showed a significant difference in their distribution between HCV-infected patients and uninfected control subjects (P < 0.0001; OR = 0.404, 95% CI = 0.281-0.581) and (P < 0.0001; OR = 0.298, 95% CI = 0.201-0.443), respectively. More importantly, haplotype analysis revealed that four haplotypes, AC, GT, GC, and AT (rs4986790, rs4986791), were significantly associated with HCV infection when compared with control subjects. One haplotype AC was more prominently found when chronic HCV-infected patients were compared with cirrhosis/HCC patients (frequency = 94.7% and P = 0.04). Both TLR4 SNPs under investigation were found to be significantly implicated with HCV-infection among Saudi Arabian population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infection and Immunity, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Alfaisal University School of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia ; Liver Disease Research Center, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Ahmed A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Al-Qahtani
authors.affiliation: Department of Infection and Immunity, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mashael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Al-Anazi
authors.affiliation: Molecular BioMedicine Program, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Fahad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Al-Zoghaibi
authors.affiliation: Liver Disease Research Center, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia ; Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Ayman A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Abdo
authors.affiliation: Liver Disease Research Center, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia ; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Faisal M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Sanai
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mohammed Q
authors.initials: MQ
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0195-380X
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Albenmousa
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Hamad I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Al-Ashgar
authors.affiliation: Department of Infection and Immunity, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Alfaisal University School of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia ; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mohammed N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Al-Ahdal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D005819:Genetic Markers / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012529:Saudi Arabia / Q000453:epidemiology; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000235:genetics*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers; C495345:TLR4 protein, human; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4