title: Electrical stimulation of the posterior tibialis nerve improves symptoms of poststroke neurogenic overactive bladder in men: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effectiveness of electrical stimulation of the posterior tibialis nerve in men with neurogenic overactive bladder secondary to ischemic stroke at 45 days and 12 months after treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 24 patients older than 18 years, with ischemic stroke that occurred between 6 months and 3 years previously and with no prior urinary symptoms. These patients were randomly allocated to receive electrical stimulation of the posterior tibialis nerve twice weekly for 6 weeks (treatment group, n = 12) or general advice and stretching sessions 1 to 3 times monthly for 6 weeks (control group, n = 12). Each session lasted 30 minutes in both groups. The primary outcomes were reduction in urinary frequency, reduction in urinary urgency, and overall improvement in voiding diary variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients in the electrical stimulation group, in relation to baseline and to control group, experienced improvement in urinary symptoms, reducing urinary urgency and frequency, and reported subjective improvement after treatment. This effect persisted after 12 months of follow-up. The patients with lesion in right hemisphere, advanced age, and with higher body mass index presented more chance to develop urinary symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Electrical stimulation of the posterior tibialis nerve is a safe and effective option for the treatment of poststroke neurogenic overactive bladder in men, reducing urinary frequency and urgency.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-UNIFESP, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ébe Santos
authors.initials: ÉS
authors.lastname: Monteiro
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-UNIFESP, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: neuro.sono.unifesp@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Luciane Bizari Coin
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: de Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-UNIFESP, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcia Maiumi
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Fukujima
authors.affiliation: School of Economics, Getulio Vargas Foundation, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mayra Ivanoff
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Lora
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-UNIFESP, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gilmar Fernandes
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: do Prado
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053206:Nocturnal Enuresis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013979:Tibial Nerve / Q000473:pathology*; D013997:Time Factors; D004561:Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D053201:Urinary Bladder, Overactive / Q000628:therapy*; D014554:Urination