title: Effect of ovariectomy on inflammation induced by intermittent hypoxia in a mouse model of sleep apnea.
abstract: Patient data report marked gender and pre-vs-postmenopausal differences in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, no experimental data are available on how sexual hormones modulate OSA consequences. Here we report novel results on estrogen-modulated heart and brain inflammation in female mice subjected to intermittent hypoxia, a major injurious challenge in OSA. C57BL/6J (14-week old) intact and ovariectomized mice (n=6 each) were subjected to intermittent hypoxia (20 s at 5% and 40s at 21%, 60 cycles/h; 6 h/day). Identical intact and ovariectomized groups breathing room air were controls. After 30 days, the gene expressions of interleukins 6 and 8 (IL-6, IL-8) in the brain and heart tissues were measured. Whereas, compared with normoxia, intermittent hypoxia considerably increased IL-6 and IL-8 gene expressions in intact females, no change was found in ovariectomized mice when comparing normoxia and intermittent hypoxia. These data suggest that estrogens modulate the inflammatory effects of intermittent hypoxia and point to further studies on the role played by sex hormones in OSA.
authors.affiliation: CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain; Laboratori del Son, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona-IDIBAPS, Spain.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.affiliation: CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain; Department de Farmacologia i Química Terapèutica, IBUB (Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona), Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Palomer
authors.affiliation: CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain; Laboratori del Son, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona-IDIBAPS, Spain.
authors.forename: Josep M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Montserrat
authors.affiliation: CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain; Department de Farmacologia i Química Terapèutica, IBUB (Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona), Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Manel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vázquez-Carrera
authors.affiliation: CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain; Unitat Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona-IDIBAPS, Spain. Electronic address: rfarre@ub.edu.
authors.forename: Ramon
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Farré
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D006335:Heart Injuries / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000150:complications*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D009929:Organ Size; D010052:Ovariectomy; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012891:Sleep Apnea Syndromes / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D012333:RNA, Messenger
keywords: Inflammation; Intermittent hypoxia; Obstructive sleep apnea; Ovariectomy; Sexual hormones