title: Bedside contrast-enhanced sonography of critically ill patients.
abstract: The transfer of critically ill patients to the radiology department is, in itself, potentially dangerous, so radiologists are frequently asked to perform bedside sonographic studies in the intensive care unit, surgical or medical department, sterile area, and operating room. In these circumstances, injection of a contrast agent may give the radiologist relevant additional information, which is useful for diagnosis and for better therapeutic management of these critically ill patients. Contrast-enhanced sonography may allow detection of findings not recognizable on baseline sonography or even color Doppler imaging. In this pictorial essay, we highlight the value of real-time contrast-enhanced sonography when performed at the bedside in critically ill patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy (E.C., A.D.); Department of Radiology, National Cancer Institute, G. Pascale Foundation, Naples, Italy (O.C., A.P.); and Department of Radiology, Local Health District Napoli 1, Naples, Italy (A.N.).
authors.forename: Emanuela
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Calabrese
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy (E.C., A.D.); Department of Radiology, National Cancer Institute, G. Pascale Foundation, Naples, Italy (O.C., A.P.); and Department of Radiology, Local Health District Napoli 1, Naples, Italy (A.N.). orlandcat@tin.it.
authors.forename: Orlando
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Catalano
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy (E.C., A.D.); Department of Radiology, National Cancer Institute, G. Pascale Foundation, Naples, Italy (O.C., A.P.); and Department of Radiology, Local Health District Napoli 1, Naples, Italy (A.N.).
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nunziata
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy (E.C., A.D.); Department of Radiology, National Cancer Institute, G. Pascale Foundation, Naples, Italy (O.C., A.P.); and Department of Radiology, Local Health District Napoli 1, Naples, Italy (A.N.).
authors.forename: Arianna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: D'Errico
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy (E.C., A.D.); Department of Radiology, National Cancer Institute, G. Pascale Foundation, Naples, Italy (O.C., A.P.); and Department of Radiology, Local Health District Napoli 1, Naples, Italy (A.N.).
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Petrillo
mesh_terms: D003287:Contrast Media; D003422:Critical Care / Q000379:methods*; D016638:Critical Illness; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement; D019095:Point-of-Care Systems; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media
keywords: bedside ultrasound; contrast-enhanced sonography; critically ill patient; emergency ultrasound