title: Infection of influenza virus neuraminidase-vaccinated mice with homologous influenza virus leads to strong protection against heterologous influenza viruses.
abstract: Vaccination is the best measure to prevent influenza pandemics. Here, we studied the protective effect against heterologous influenza viruses, including A/reassortant/NYMC X-179A (pH1N1), A/Chicken/Henan/12/2004 (H5N1), A/Chicken/Jiangsu/7/2002 (H9N2) and A/Guizhou/54/89×A/PR/8/34 (A/Guizhou-X) (H3N2), in mice first vaccinated with a DNA vaccine of haemagglutinin (HA) or neuraminidase (NA) of A/PR/8/34 (PR8) and then infected with the homologous virus. We showed that PR8 HA or NA vaccination both protected mice against a lethal dose of the homologous virus; PR8 HA or NA DNA vaccination and then PR8 infection in mice offered poor or excellent protection, respectively, against a second, heterologous influenza virus challenge. In addition, before the second heterologous influenza infection, the highest antibody level against nucleoprotein (NP) and matrix (M1 and M2) proteins was found in the PR8 NA-vaccinated and PR8-infected group. The level of induced cellular immunity against NP and M1 showed a trend consistent with that seen in antibody levels. However, PR8 HA+NA vaccination and then PR8 infection resulted in limited protection against heterologous influenza virus challenge. Results of the present study demonstrated that infection of the homologous influenza virus in mice already immunized with a NA vaccine could provide excellent protection against subsequent infection of a heterologous influenza virus. These findings suggested that NA, a major antigen of influenza virus, could be an important candidate antigen for universal influenza vaccines.
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, PR China.
authors.forename: Biao
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, PR China.
authors.forename: Haiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhihua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, PR China.
authors.forename: Chaoyang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Institute of Biological Products, Shanghai 200052, PR China.
authors.forename: Xueying
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Institute of Biological Products, Shanghai 200052, PR China.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, PR China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200025, PR China.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Institute of Biological Products, Shanghai 200052, PR China.|College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, PR China.
authors.forename: Ze
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D005260:Female; D056724:Immunity, Humoral; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009439:Neuraminidase / Q000276:immunology*; D009975:Orthomyxoviridae / Q000145:classification* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D016865:Reassortant Viruses; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000276:immunology; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D009439:Neuraminidase