title: Immunopathology of sarcoidosis.
abstract: The immunopathology of sarcoidosis remains elusive despite years of research into this multiorgan disease.However, recent studies have provided new insights into the genetics and immune components involved in the clinical manifestation of the disease. Granulomatous inflammation is due to the host immune response to a persistent poorly degradable unknown antigen.Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is the major disease driver in many patients. The immune mechanisms that cause this disease start with the antigenic stimulus, followed by T-cell, macrophage and dendritic cell activation via a classic MHC II-mediated pathway. In addition, the profile of immune mediators reported in sarcoidosis indicates that the inflammasome pathway plays a critical role in disease pathogenesis. Increased understanding of the signal transductions pathways involved in the induction of inflammatory processes in sarcoidosis could give rise to new therapeutic approaches in future.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands. e.mortaz@uu.nl.
authors.forename: Esmaeil
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mortaz
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Diseases Research Center and National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Department of Immunology, ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. e.mortaz@uu.nl.
authors.forename: Mohammad Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Masjedi
authors.affiliation: Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. e.mortaz@uu.nl.
authors.forename: Payam
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tabarsi
authors.affiliation: Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center and National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Department of Immunology, ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. e.mortaz@uu.nl.
authors.forename: Mihan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pourabdollah
authors.affiliation: Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK. e.mortaz@uu.nl.
authors.forename: Ian M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Adcock
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000941:Antigens / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology; D012507:Sarcoidosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II