title: Alteration in pancreatic islet function in human immunodeficiency virus.
abstract: Molecular mechanisms behind the defects in insulin production and secretion associated with antihuman immunodeficiency virus (anti-HIV) therapy and the development of HIV-associated lipodystrophy syndrome (HALS) are discussed in this article. Data suggesting insulin resistance on the beta cell and defects in first-phase insulin release of HALS patients are presented. Hepatic extraction of insulin, nonglucose insulin secretagogues and insulin-like growth factor release may exert influence on the demand of circulating insulin and on insulin secretion in HIV-infected patients. Finally, the paucity in understanding the incretin effects in HIV and HIV therapy in relation to insulin secretion is highlighted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and the Clinical Research Centre, University of Copenhagen Amager Hvidovre Hospitals, Italiensvej 1, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark. Electronic address: sbhau@dadlnet.dk.
authors.forename: Steen B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Haugaard
mesh_terms: D002219:Carbamates / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005663:Furans; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D039682:HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome / Q000139:chemically induced*; D006801:Humans; D019469:Indinavir / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D019888:Nelfinavir / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019438:Ritonavir / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D002219:Carbamates; D005663:Furans; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors; D007328:Insulin; D013449:Sulfonamides; C095108:amprenavir; D019469:Indinavir; D019888:Nelfinavir; D019438:Ritonavir
keywords: Antiretroviral therapy; Incretins; Insulin secretion; Insulin-like growth factors; Lipodystrophy; Nonglucose insulin secretagogues; Prehepatic; Proinsulin