title: Simulation-based neonatal and infant resuscitation teaching: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Current resuscitation guidelines recommend the use of simulation-based medical education (SBME) as an instructional methodology to improve patient safety and health. We sought to investigate the evidence-base for the effectiveness of SBME for neonatal and pediatric resuscitation training.
  
  
  METHODS
  Therefore, we conducted a systematic literature research of electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Clinical Trials).
  
  
  RESULTS
  13 randomized controlled trials with a total of 832 participants were identified. However, due to distinct differences in research objectives and varying outcome assessment a meta-analysis of studies could not be conducted. Eligible trials showed that SBME can enhance trainees' cognitive, technical, and behavioral skills as well as self-confidence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Skills acquired in the simulated environment can be integrated in clinical practice, and SBME might also lead to improved patient safety and health. Further research on SBME--especially investigating patient outcomes--is urgently required in order to strengthen these results and to establish a sound evidence-base for the effectiveness of SMBE for neonatal and infant resuscitation training.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Skills Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Mileder
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Urlesberger
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Szyld
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Roehr
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Schmölzer
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003479:Curriculum; D019983:Guideline Adherence; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008348:Manikins; D009359:Neonatology / Q000193:education*; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000193:education*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012151:Resuscitation / Q000193:education*; D016896:Treatment Outcome