title: How does lenalidomide target the chronic lymphocytic leukemia microenvironment?
abstract: Immunotherapy has emerged as a viable clinical strategy to harness endogenous antitumor T-cell immunity. Lenalidomide is an oral immunomodulatory drug that repairs antitumor T-cell function and is showing efficacy in ongoing chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and lymphoma clinical trials. This article focuses on advances in our understanding of its mechanism of action in the tumor microenvironment and provides a clinical update in CLL. Challenges associated with this drug and its potential use in the targeted drug treatment era are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Lymphoma and Myeloma Centre Amsterdam (LYMMCARE), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
authors.forename: Arnon P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Kater
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Lymphoma and Myeloma Centre Amsterdam (LYMMCARE), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
authors.forename: Sanne H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Tonino
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine III, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; and.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Egle
authors.affiliation: Department of Haemato-Oncology, Division of Cancer Studies, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Alan G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Ramsay
mesh_terms: D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077269:Lenalidomide; D015451:Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011687:Purines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D052999:Quinazolinones / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D013792:Thalidomide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D011687:Purines; D052999:Quinazolinones; D013792:Thalidomide; D000077269:Lenalidomide; C552946:idelalisib