title: Stream grazers determine their crawling direction on the basis of chemical and particulate microalgal cues.
abstract: This study aimed to determine the association between herbivore behavior and cues from producers. We used stream grazer Glossosoma larvae and determined their crawling direction in relation to chemical and visual cues from microalgae. The experimental treatments included control (no cue), particulate (chemical and particulate cues), and dissolved (chemical cue) cues from microalgae. The experimental water samples were randomly placed into either arm of a Y-shaped channel, and the crawling direction of the grazers was determined. Although the grazers crawled toward the arm containing either particulate or dissolved cues, they preferred the arm with particulate cues. This suggested that grazers responded well to both particulate (i.e., drifting algal cells) and chemical (algal smell) cues, and that particulate cues were more important for foraging. In natural habitats, grazers detect cues from producers and change their behaviors to maintain a balance between top-down and bottom-up cues.
authors.affiliation: Aqua Restoration Research Center, Public Works Research Institute , Kakamigahara , Japan ; School of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo , Himeji , Japan.
authors.forename: Izumi
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Katano
authors.affiliation: Institute for Sustainable Sciences and Development, Hiroshima University , Higashi-Hiroshima , Japan.
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Doi
keywords: Caddisfly; Cue communication; Herbivore; Predator; Prey; Primary producer