title: Case of a two-year-old boy with recurrent seizures, abnormal movements, and central hypoventilation.
abstract: Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis was first described in young women with ovarian teratoma. Typical presentations include subacute onset of neuropsychiatric symptoms, seizures, altered awareness, movement disorders, and autonomic dysfunction. Growing evidence indicates that anti-NMDAR encephalitis is one of the most common causes of encephalitis in children and young adults. We present a case of a 2 year-old boy with anti-NMDAR encephalitis to illustrate and discuss the differences in neurological presentation, frequency of symptoms, and association with underlying tumor between children and adults.
authors.affiliation: Division of Child and Adolescent Neurology, Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN; Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN. Electronic address: Cohen.Alexander@mayo.edu.
authors.forename: Alexander L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.affiliation: Division of Child and Adolescent Neurology, Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN; Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN.
authors.forename: Lily C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Wong-Kisiel
mesh_terms: D060426:Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004569:Electroencephalography; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012640:Seizures / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D020182:Sleep Apnea, Central / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome