title: Frequency of TGF- β and IFN- γ genotype as risk factors for acute kidney injury and death in intensive care unit patients.
abstract: Genetic variations in TGF-β and IFN-γ may interfere with proinflammatory cytokine production and, consequently, may be involved with inflammatory diseases, as acute kidney injury (AKI). We considered that genetic polymorphisms of these cytokines may have a crucial role in the outcome of critically ill patients. To investigate whether the genetic polymorphisms of rs1800470 (codon 10 T/C), rs1800471 (codon 25 C/G) from the TGF-β, and rs2430561 (+874 T/A) from IFN-γ may be a risk factor for ICU patients to the development of AKI and/or death. In a prospective nested case-control study, were included 139 ICU patients who developed AKI, 164 ICU patients without AKI, and 244 healthy individuals. We observed a higher frequency to T/A genotype for IFN-γ (intermediate producer phenotype) and higher frequency of TT GG and TC GG genotype (high producer) for TGF-β polymorphism in overall population. However, these polymorphisms have not been shown as a predictor of risk for AKI and death. We found an increased prevalence of high and intermediate producer phenotypes from TGF-β and IFN-γ, respectively, in patients in ICU setting. However, the studied genetic polymorphism of the TGF-β and IFN-γ was not associated as a risk factor for AKI or death in our population.
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo/UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Caren Cristina
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Grabulosa
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo/UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil ; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil ; Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Marcelo Costa
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Batista
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo/UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil ; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil ; Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cendoroglo
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo/UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Beata Marie Redublo
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Quinto
authors.affiliation: Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2298-5723
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Narciso
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo/UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil ; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Julio Cesar
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Monte
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo/UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil ; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcelino
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Durão
authors.affiliation: Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luiz Vicente
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Rizzo
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo/UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil ; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Oscar Fernando Pavão
authors.initials: OF
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo/UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil ; Universidade Nove de Julho/UNINOVE, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Aparecida
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Dalboni
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000235:genetics*; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D007371:Interferon-gamma