title: Latencies longer than 3.5 ms after vagus nerve stimulation does not exclude a nonrecurrent inferior laryngeal nerve.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It has recently been reported that a signal latency shorter than 3.5 ms after electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve signify a nonrecurrent course of the inferior laryngeal nerve. We present a patient with an ascending nonrecurrent inferior laryngeal nerve. In this patient, the stimulation latency was longer than 3.5 ms.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 74-years old female underwent redo surgery due to a right-sided recurrent nodular goitre. The signal latency on electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve at the level of the carotid artery bifurcation was 3.75 ms. Further dissection revealed a nonrecurrent but ascending course of the inferior laryngeal nerve. Caused by the recurrent goitre, the nerve was elongated to about 10 cm resulting in this long latency.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This case demonstrates that the formerly proposed "3.5 ms rule" for identifying a nonrecurrent course of the inferior laryngeal nerve has exceptions. A longer latency does not necessarily exclude a nonrecurrent laryngeal nerve.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. michael.brauckhoff@helse-bergen.no.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brauckhoff
authors.forename: Helle
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Naterstad
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Brauckhoff
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Biermann
authors.forename: Turid
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aas
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D009431:Neural Conduction / Q000502:physiology*; D012009:Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013965:Thyroidectomy / Q000379:methods*; D014630:Vagus Nerve / Q000503:physiopathology*; D055536:Vagus Nerve Stimulation / Q000379:methods*; D014826:Vocal Cord Paralysis / Q000517:prevention & control*