title: Relationship between energy expenditure and stress behaviors of preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This research evaluated the relationship between behaviors and energy expenditure in preterm infants receiving nursing interventions.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was an explorative secondary data analysis from a previous study. The current study investigated energy expenditure calculated using heart rate-based energy expenditure-estimate across 500 repeated measures for 37 infants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Research results indicate that preterm infants expend more energy when they show the following seven behaviors: grimace, sucking, diffusion squirm, fist, gape face, salute, and sneezing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The interventions for preterm infants should be flexible, according to the infant's stress behaviors and conditions of energy expenditure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Division of Neonatology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hung-Chih
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Li-Chi
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Tsai-Chung
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Chau-Huei
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bachman
authors.forename: Niang-Huei
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Peng
mesh_terms: D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006272:Health Facility Environment; D006801:Humans; D018730:Infant Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature / Q000502:physiology*; D007363:Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; D008297:Male; D008923:Missouri; D017283:Neonatal Nursing / Q000379:methods*; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*; D013624:Taiwan
keywords: Behaviors; energy expenditure; nursing intervention; preterm infant