title: Lip prints and inheritance of cleft lip and cleft palate.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Labial mucosa has elevations and depressions forming a pattern called 'Lip Prints'. Parents of patients with cleft lip &/or palate are known to have a particular lip print pattern.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Analysis of lip prints and relationship between Cheiloscopy and inheritance of cleft lip &/or cleft palate.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 100 subjects [study groupparents with children having cleft lip &/or cleft palate, 50 fathers and 50 mothers) and 50 subjects (control group-parents having children without cleft lip &/or cleft palate, 25 fathers and 25 mothers. The lip prints of the subjects were obtained using the cellophane method and analysed using Suzuki & Tsuchihashi classification of lip prints. The data was subjected to Chi- Square test, Fisher Exact test and Student t-test [two tailed, independent].
  
  
  RESULTS
  A new whorl pattern was present in the study group. The groove count was higher in the fathers' than in the mothers' prints in the upper lip and vice versa in the lower lip.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The new pattern was present in the study group in a significant number of cases. The groove count was significantly high in the study group. These two parameters can be of significant value to similar future studies.
authors.affiliation: Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral Pathology, Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay Dental College , North Solapur Dist.Solapur, India .
authors.forename: Manasa Ravath
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Cj
authors.affiliation: Professor & HOD, Department of Oral Pathology, Rajarajeswari Dental College & Hospital , Bangalore, India .
authors.forename: Girish
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hc
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Oral Pathology, Rajarajeswari Dental College & Hospital , Bangalore, India .
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Murgod
authors.affiliation: Formerly Professor & HOD, Department of Oral Pathology, Rajarajeswari Dental College & Hospital , Bangalore, India .
authors.forename: Ramesh B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Hegde
authors.affiliation: Reader, Department of Oral Pathology, Rajarajeswari Dental College & Hospital , Bangalore, India .
authors.forename: Savita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jk
keywords: Groove count; Inheritance; Lip prints; Oro-facial clefts; Whorl pattern