title: Endoscopy findings affect subjective smell rehabilitation in post-laryngectomy patients using the nasal airflow-inducing manoeuvre.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the characteristics of post-laryngectomy patients, including nasal endoscopy findings, that affect subjective smell improvement in the post-surgical period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty patients who had undergone total laryngectomy participated in at least three sessions of a smell rehabilitation programme involving the nasal airflow-inducing manoeuvre, under the supervision of a speech-language pathologist. Patient characteristics and nasal endoscopy findings were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants experienced a mean improvement in sense of smell of 61 per cent (p < 0.001) and a significant improvement in appetite (p = 0.002). Male patients and patients with a nasal discharge had a significantly better outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The nasal airflow-inducing manoeuvre is an effective method for improving smell perception and appetite in laryngectomy patients. There was no relationship between nasal endoscopy findings and outcome of the nasal airflow-inducing manoeuvre rehabilitation programme in our case series.
authors.affiliation: ENT Research Center,Tehran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran,Iran.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Saedi
authors.affiliation: ENT Research Center,Tehran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran,Iran.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Razmpa
authors.affiliation: ENT Research Center,Tehran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran,Iran.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nikjo
authors.affiliation: Health Researchers R&D Institute,Tehran,Iran.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ghalandarabadi
authors.affiliation: Otolaryngology Department,Faculty of Medicine,Tehran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran,Iran.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ghadimi
authors.affiliation: ENT Research Center,Tehran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran,Iran.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Saidabadi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001066:Appetite / Q000502:physiology; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007825:Laryngectomy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000503:physiopathology; D009666:Nose / Q000502:physiology; D000857:Olfaction Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D011312:Pressure; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012903:Smell / Q000502:physiology*