title: The role of language comprehension in reasoning: how "good-enough" representations induce biases.
abstract: Research on reasoning and judgment often uses problems where intuition and deliberation are in conflict, suggesting different solutions. In four studies, change detection was used to investigate whether biased responses to these problems are a consequence of faulty problem-solving or whether they can start earlier, from misrepresenting the information in the premises. After participants solved problems, they were presented with the same problems again in different versions, changing conflict problems to no-conflict problems and vice versa. Participants who were more sensitive to these changes showed better reasoning. These results suggest that biases can start before the problem-solving stage, from misrepresenting the conflict between deliberation and intuition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Heidelberg, Hauptstrasse 47-51, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address: andre.mata@psychologie.uni-heidelberg.de.
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mata
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Heidelberg, Hauptstrasse 47-51, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address: anna-lena.schubert@psychologie.uni-heidelberg.de.
authors.forename: Anna-Lena
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Schubert
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Psicologia da Universidade de Lisboa, Alameda da Universidade, 1649-013 Lisboa, Portugal. Electronic address: mferreira@fp.ul.pt.
authors.forename: Mário B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Ferreira
mesh_terms: D032882:Comprehension / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007600:Judgment / Q000502:physiology; D007802:Language; D008606:Mental Processes / Q000502:physiology*; D011340:Problem Solving
keywords: Bias; Conflict detection; Dual process; Good-enough representations; Intuition; Reasoning