title: Safety and immunogenicity of a quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine in HIV-infected and HIV-negative adolescents and young adults.
abstract: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is highly prevalent and can lead to cancer; the development of safe and efficacious vaccines for HPV is a major public health concern. The two licensed HPV vaccines contain recombinant virus-like particles of HPV 16 and 18; one of such vaccines also protects against HPV types 6 and 11 which cause genital warts. We determined safety and immunogenicity of quadrivalent HPV vaccine in HIV-infected and HIV-negative adolescents and young adults, aged 13-27 years. The seroconversion rate, assessed by antibody titers, 1 month after the administration of the third vaccine dose was 0.85 (95% CI 0.75-0.95) in the HIV-infected group and 0.91 (0.83-0.99) in the HIV-negative subjects (p=0.52). The vaccine was generally safe and well tolerated; the most common side effect was local pain and the most frequent systemic side effect was headache. This is the first report on response to HPV vaccination in both female and male HIV-infected adolescents and young adults and highlights that this population may benefit from HPV immunoprophylaxis. Further studies are needed to examine the long term efficacy of this vaccine in HIV-infected individuals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Vania
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Giacomet
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Penagini
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Daria
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Trabattoni
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Italy. Electronic address: doc.alessandra.vigano@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Viganò
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Veronica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rainone
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Giada
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bernazzani
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Claudia Maria
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Bonardi
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Italy; Don C Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Clerici
authors.affiliation: Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Liver Research Center, Basovizza, Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bedogni
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Gian Vincenzo
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Zuccotti
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D003218:Condylomata Acuminata / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D000068857:Human Papillomavirus Recombinant Vaccine Quadrivalent, Types 6, 11, 16, 18; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000517:prevention & control; D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019562:Viral Load; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000068857:Human Papillomavirus Recombinant Vaccine Quadrivalent, Types 6, 11, 16, 18; D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines
keywords: HIV; HPV; Quadrivalent HPV vaccine