title: Heterogeneous vascular responses to lifestyle intervention in obese Latino adolescents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Among adolescents, obesity may increase the risk for premature cardiovascular disease (CVD). Lifestyle interventions may prevent or delay the onset of CVD through improvements in vascular health. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a 12-week lifestyle intervention on markers of vascular health in obese Latino youth.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen obese Latino adolescents [body mass index (BMI) percentile=96.3±1.1%, 15.0±1.0 year, 8 females and 7 males] participated in a 12-week lifestyle intervention consisting of nutrition education and physical activity. Markers of vascular health included oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), and soluble endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 (sE-Selectin).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Relative to baseline data, the intervention resulted in lower oxLDL (-21.8%, P=0.001) and sE-Selectin (-13.3%, P=0.008) concentrations; sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 did not change significantly. When examining overall responsiveness to change for each marker, oxLDL was reduced in 93.3%, sE-Selectin was reduced in 78.6%, and sICAM-1 was reduced in 71.4% of participants, respectively, whereas sVCAM-1 was reduced in only 42.9% of participants following lifestyle. Using a composite change score (summed change in four markers) for each participant there was an improvement in at least three of four markers among 64% of participants; this was confirmed by principal component analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Therefore, although improvements in the vascular health of obese youth were observed, the vascular response to lifestyle intervention may be heterogeneous. Further investigation into the mechanisms mediating the heterogeneity in vascular response to lifestyle intervention is warranted.
authors.affiliation: 1 School of Nutrition and Health Promotion, Arizona State University , Phoenix, Arizona.
authors.forename: Justin R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Ryder
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vega-López
authors.forename: Glenn A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Gaesser
authors.forename: Matthew P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Buman
authors.forename: Gabriel Q
authors.initials: GQ
authors.lastname: Shaibi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001130:Arizona / Q000453:epidemiology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000378:metabolism*; D004032:Diet / Q000208:ethnology*; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000097:blood; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice / Q000208:ethnology*; D006304:Health Status; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology / Q000628:therapy*; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019040:E-Selectin; C573420:ICAM1 protein, human; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; C546936:SELE protein, human; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1