title: Bully victimization and emotional problems in adolescents:moderation by specific cognitive coping strategies?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Relationships between bully victimization and symptoms of depression/anxiety were examined. In addition, it was studied whether this relationship was moderated by specific cognitive coping strategies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were 582 secondary school students who filled out online self-report questionnaires on bully victimization, cognitive coping, and depression/anxiety. (Moderated) Multiple Regression analysis was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Strong relationships were found between bully victimization and symptoms of depression and anxiety. On top of that, two cognitive coping strategies moderated the relationship between bullying and depression, i.e. rumination (strengthening) and positive refocusing (reducing). Cognitive coping strategies that moderated the effect of bullying on anxiety symptoms were rumination, catastrophizing (strengthening) and positive reappraisal (reducing).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results provide possible targets for intervention: when helping adolescents who have been bullied, maladaptive cognitive coping strategies could be assessed and challenged, while more adaptive strategies could be acquired.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Psychology, Leiden University, The Netherlands. Electronic address: garnefski@fsw.leidenuniv.nl.
authors.forename: Nadia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Garnefski
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Psychology, Leiden University, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Vivian
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kraaij
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology; D058445:Bullying / Q000523:psychology*; D019548:Crime Victims / Q000523:psychology*; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D000297:Psychology, Adolescent; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Anxiety; Bullying; Cognitive coping; Cognitive emotion regulation; Coping; Depression