title: Chemical modeling for pH prediction of acidified musts with gypsum and tartaric acid in warm regions.
abstract: Winemaking of musts acidified with up to 3g/L of gypsum (CaSO4 2H2O) and tartaric acid, both individually and in combination, as well as a chemical modeling have been carried out to study the behaviour of these compounds as acidifiers. Prior to fermentation gypsum and tartaric acid reduce the pH by 0.12 and 0.17 pH units/g/L, respectively, but while gypsum does not increase the total acidity and reduces buffering power, tartaric acid shows the opposite behaviour. When these compounds were used in combination, the doses of tartaric acid necessary to reach a suitable pH were reduced. Calcium concentrations increase considerably in gypsum-acidified must, although they fell markedly after fermentation over time. Sulfate concentrations also increased, although with doses of 2g/L they were lower than the maximum permitted level (2.5g/L). Chemical modeling gave good results and the errors in pH predictions were less than 5% in almost all cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Food Technology, Faculty of Sciences, Campus Río San Pedro, PB 40, Puerto Real, University of Cadiz 11510, Spain. Electronic address: juangomez.benitez@uca.es.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gómez
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Food Technology, Faculty of Sciences, Campus Río San Pedro, PB 40, Puerto Real, University of Cadiz 11510, Spain.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lasanta
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Campus Río San Pedro, PB 40, Puerto Real, University of Cadiz 11510, Spain.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Palacios-Santander
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Campus Río San Pedro, PB 40, Puerto Real, University of Cadiz 11510, Spain.
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Cubillana-Aguilera
mesh_terms: D002133:Calcium Sulfate / Q000737:chemistry*; D005285:Fermentation; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008956:Models, Chemical; D013644:Tartrates / Q000737:chemistry*; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry*; D014920:Wine / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D013644:Tartrates; C029768:tartaric acid; D002133:Calcium Sulfate
keywords: Acidification; Buffering power; Chemical modeling; Gypsum; Musts; Plastering; Tartaric acid; pH prediction