title: Inhibition of epithelial ovarian cancer by Minnelide, a water-soluble pro-drug.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Minnelide is a water-soluble pro-drug of triptolide, a natural product. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Minnelide on ovarian cancer growth in vitro and in vivo.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effect of Minnelide on ovarian cancer cell proliferation was determined by real time electrical impedance measurements. Multiple mouse models with C200 and A2780 epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines were used to assess the efficacy of Minnelide in inhibiting ovarian cancer growth.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Minnelide decreased cell viability of both platinum sensitive and resistant epithelial ovarian cancer cells in vitro. Minnelide with carboplatin showed additive effects in vitro. Minnelide monotherapy increased the survival of mice bearing established ovarian tumors. Minnelide, in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel, improved overall survival of mice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Minnelide is a promising pro-drug for the treatment of ovarian cancer, especially when combined with standard chemotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Minnesota, USA. Electronic address: clrivard@umn.edu.
authors.forename: Colleen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rivard
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Geller
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: Erica
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schnettler
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: Manju
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saluja
authors.affiliation: Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: Rachel Isaksson
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Vogel
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: Ashok
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saluja
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: Sundaram
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ramakrishnan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000077216:Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000187:drug effects; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D017097:Electric Impedance; D004852:Epoxy Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009375:Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D010755:Organophosphates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010616:Phenanthrenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011355:Prodrugs / Q000494:pharmacology*; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D004224:Diterpenes; D004852:Epoxy Compounds; D010755:Organophosphates; D010616:Phenanthrenes; D011355:Prodrugs; C001899:triptolide; C579022:14-O-phosphonooxymethyltriptolide disodium salt; D016190:Carboplatin; D017239:Paclitaxel
keywords: Chemotherapy; Minnelide; Ovarian cancer; Triptolide