title: Endocrinopathies in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
abstract: Endocrine changes (including adrenal insufficiency, disorders of growth and puberty, thyroid dysfunction, metabolic abnormalities and osteopenia) accompany human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in pediatric patients. The cause of these changes is multifactorial and includes direct viral effects of HIV, and effects of antiretroviral therapy. These effects may be of particular importance in childhood given the critical developmental processes that occur during this time period and the likelihood of prolonged exposure to the virus and medications.
authors.affiliation: Section of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis Medical Center, 2516 Stockton Boulevard, Suite 384, Sacramento, CA 95817-2208, USA. Electronic address: lindsey.albrecht@ucdmc.ucdavis.edu.
authors.forename: Lindsey A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Loomba-Albrecht
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis Medical Center, 2516 Stockton Boulevard, Suite 216, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
authors.forename: Thea
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bregman
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis Medical Center, 2516 Stockton Boulevard, Suite 334, Sacramento, CA 95817-2208, USA.
authors.forename: Caroline J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Chantry
mesh_terms: D000309:Adrenal Insufficiency / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D017668:Age of Onset; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development / Q000502:physiology; D004700:Endocrine System Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D011627:Puberty / Q000502:physiology; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: Adrenal; Children; Dyslipidemia; Endocrinopathy; HIV; Insulin resistance; Lipodystrophy; Thyroid