title: ARMS for EGFR mutation analysis of cytologic and corresponding lung adenocarcinoma histologic specimens.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation analysis is becoming a routine clinical practice for lung adenocarcinoma patients. Most patients with lung cancer are diagnosed at an advanced stage of the disease and are not suitable for surgical therapy. In many cases, cytologic specimens may be the only tissue available for diagnostic and molecular testing. Therefore, it is important to determine what condition the cytologic specimens should be in for adequately analyzing EGFR mutation status.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-eight paired cytologic and lung adenocarcinoma histologic specimens that satisfied 3 requisite parameters (>2 ng/μl DNA concentration, >30 tumor cells content, and >25% tumor percentage) were collected. Exons 18 through 21 of the EGFR gene were analyzed by amplification refractory mutations system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The EGFR mutation concordance rate between cytologic specimens and corresponding histologic specimens was 100%. A set of 30 paired specimens from different sites (lung and pleural fluids) from the same patient exhibited 100% concordance in the EGFR mutation analysis results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, EGFR mutation presented a convenient and reliable method for the analysis of cytologic specimens that satisfied 3 requisite parameters (>2 ng/μl DNA concentration, >30 tumor cells content, and >25% tumor percentage). We concluded that the specimens from both primary lung adenocarcinomas and metastatic lesions (such as pleural fluids) can be used for EGFR mutation analysis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong university, No. 241 West Huaihai Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.
authors.forename: Jinguo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ruiying
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003581:Cytodiagnosis / Q000379:methods*; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D021141:Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; C512478:EGFR protein, human; D066246:ErbB Receptors