title: Prevalence and Distribution of Developmental Defects of Enamel in the Primary Dentition of IVF Children of West Bengal.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Developmental defects of the enamel (D.D.E.) are changes in the deciduous dentition may lead to aesthetic problems, dental sensitivity and may be predictors of dental caries. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and distribution of D.D.E. in the deciduous dentition of IVF children of West Bengal.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study was carried out with a sample of 153 IVF children aged three to five enrolled in institute of reproductive medicine Kolkata, West Bengal, India. One hundred fifty three spontaneously conceived matched controlled children also examined as control group. All of the teeth were examined and the enamel defects were assessed according to the Modified D.D.E Index. The differences were tested for statistical significance by using the Chi-Square test & z-test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of D.D.E. was 7.18% in IVF Children and 8.49% in spontaneously conceived children. Diffuse opacities was the common defect found (2.61%) in both group. The most affected teeth were the deciduous maxillary central incisors (12.82% and 13.63% found in IVF and spontaneously conceived group respectively). Defects were observed more frequently in the maxillary arch than in mandibular arch in both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is no significant difference found in IVF & spontaneously conceived children group.
authors.affiliation: Senior Lecturer, Gurunanak Institute of Dental Science & Research , Kolkata, India .
authors.forename: Sudipta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kar
authors.affiliation: Professor, Gurunanak Institute of Dental Science & Research , Kolkata, India .
authors.forename: Subrata
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sarkar
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, JNM Medical College of Medicine , Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, India .
authors.forename: Ananya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mukherjee
keywords: Dental enamel hypoplasia; Dentition; Developmental defect; Enamel defect; IVF children; Prevalence; Primary