title: Alterations in metabolic profile occur in normal-weight and obese men during the Ramadan fast despite no changes in anthropometry.
abstract: We examined the variations in eating behavior, appetite ratings, satiety efficiency, energy expenditure, anthropometric and metabolic profile markers prior to, during as well as 1 and 4 months after Ramadan in normal-weight and obese men. Anthropometric, energy expenditure (indirect calorimetry and accelerometry), metabolic (fasting blood sample), appetite (visual analogue scales), and eating behavior (Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire) measurements were performed in 10 normal-weight (age: 25.2 ± 4.7 years; BMI: 24.4 ± 1.9 kg/m(2)) and 10 obese (age: 27.0 ± 4.5 years; BMI: 34.8 ± 3.7 kg/m(2)) men. The satiety quotient (SQ) was calculated 180 minutes after breakfast consumption. All anthropometric variables, as well as resting and total energy expenditure, were greater in obese compared to normal-weight participants (P = 0.02-0.0001). Similarly, obese participants had greater triglycerides, insulin, and homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance concentrations (P = 0.02-0.002). Greater apolipoprotein B, glucose, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein concentrations were noted during Ramadan (P = 0.04-0.0001). Dietary restraint scores were also greater during Ramadan (P = 0.0001). No differences in anthropometry, other metabolic profile markers, energy expenditure, appetite ratings, and SQ were noted across sessions. Lastly, changes in anthropometric measurements correlated with delta metabolic profile markers, as well as changes in disinhibition eating behavior trait and dietary restraint scores. The Ramadan fast led to increases in certain metabolic profile markers despite no changes in appetite and anthropometry.
authors.affiliation: Behavioural and Metabolic Research Unit (BMRU), School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5.
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1078-5812
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McNeil
authors.affiliation: Behavioural and Metabolic Research Unit (BMRU), School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5.
authors.forename: Mohamed M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Mamlouk
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche Clinique Étienne-Le Bel, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada J1H 5N4.
authors.forename: Karine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Duval
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto and The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3E2.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8514-3761
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.affiliation: Multiprofessional Nucleus of Obesity Study, Department of Physical Education, State University of Maringa, 87020-900 Maringa, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Nelson
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nardo Junior
authors.affiliation: Behavioural and Metabolic Research Unit (BMRU), School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5.
authors.forename: Éric
authors.initials: É
authors.lastname: Doucet
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001066:Appetite / Q000502:physiology; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004032:Diet; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000502:physiology; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D005215:Fasting / Q000378:metabolism*; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D006801:Humans; D007514:Islam; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism*; D012067:Religion; D012527:Satiation / Q000502:physiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013851:Thinness / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors