title: Fungal taxol extracted from Cladosporium oxysporum induces apoptosis in T47D human breast cancer cell line.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study concerns molecular mechanisms involved in induction of apoptosis by a fungal taxol extracted from the fungus Cladosporium oxysporum in T47D human breast cancer cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Apoptosis-induced by the fungal taxol was assessed by MTT assay, nuclear staining, DNA fragmentation, flow cytometry and pro- as well as anti-apoptotic protein expression by Western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our results showed inhibition of T47D cell proliferation with an IC50 value of 2.5 μM/ml after 24 h incubation. It was suggested that the extract may exert its anti-proliferative effect on human breast cancer cell line by suppressing growth, arresting through the cell cycle, increase in DNA fragmentation as well as down-regulation of the expression of NF-?B, Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL and up-regulation of pro-apoptotic proteins like Bax, cyt-C and caspase-3.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We propose that the fungal taxol contributes to growth inhibition in the human breast cancer cell through apoptosis induction via a mitochondrial mediated pathway, with possible potential as an anticancer therapeutic agent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India E-mail : an_pandi@rediffmail.com, pandimohan81@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Kathamuthu Gokul
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Raj
authors.forename: Shanmugam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sambantham
authors.forename: Ramar
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Manikanadan
authors.forename: Chinnansamy
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Arulvasu
authors.forename: Mohan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pandi
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002963:Cladosporium / Q000378:metabolism*; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000096:biosynthesis; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000096:biosynthesis; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051020:bcl-X Protein / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; C494811:BCL2L1 protein, human; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D051020:bcl-X Protein; D045304:Cytochromes c; D053148:Caspase 3; D017239:Paclitaxel