title: Nitric oxide confers cisplatin resistance in human lung cancer cells through upregulation of aldo-keto reductase 1B10 and proteasome.
abstract: In this study, we show that exposure of human lung cancer A549 cells to cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum, CDDP) promotes production of nitric oxide (NO) through generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and resulting upregulation of inducible NO synthase (iNOS). The incubation of the cells with a NO donor, diethylenetriamine NONOate, not only reduced the CDDP-induced cell death and apoptotic alterations (induction of CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein and caspase-3 activation), but also elevated proteolytic activity of 26S proteasome, suggesting that the activation of proteasome function contributes to the reduction of CDDP sensitivity by NO. Monitoring expression levels of six aldo-keto reductases (AKRs) (1A1, 1B1, 1B10, 1C1, 1C2, and 1C3) during the treatment with the NO donor and subsequent CDDP sensitivity test using the specific inhibitors also proposed that upregulation of AKR1B10 by NO is a key process for acquiring the CDDP resistance in A549 cells. Treatment with CDDP and NO increased amounts of nitrotyrosine protein adducts, indicative of peroxynitrite formation, and promoted the induction of AKR1B10, inferring a relationship between peroxynitrite formation and the enzyme upregulation in the cells. The treatment with CDDP or a ROS-related lipid aldehyde, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, facilitated the iNOS upregulation, which was restored by increasing the AKR1B10 expression. In contrast, the facilitation of NO production by CDDP treatment was hardly observed in AKR1B10-overexpressing A549 cells and established CDDP-resistant cancer cells (A549, LoVo, and PC3). Collectively, these results suggest the NO functions as a key regulator controlling AKR1B10 expression and 26S proteasome function leading to gain of the CDDP resistance.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biochemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University , Gifu , Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsunaga
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamaji
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tomokuni
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Morikawa
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yonezawa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ikari
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iguchi
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: El-Kabbani
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tajima
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hara
mesh_terms: D000449:Aldehyde Reductase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000447:Aldehydes / Q000378:metabolism; D000074408:Aldo-Keto Reductases; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D015153:Blotting, Western; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D030421:Peroxynitrous Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000447:Aldehydes; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C462359:tert-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal; D030421:Peroxynitrous Acid; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C120471:AKR1B10 protein, human; D000074408:Aldo-Keto Reductases; D000449:Aldehyde Reductase; C496319:NOS2 protein, human; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; C061553:ATP dependent 26S protease; D002945:Cisplatin
keywords: aldo-keto reductase 1B10; cisplatin resistance; lung cancer; nitric oxide; peroxynitrite