title: State of the science review: Advances in pain management in wounded service members over a decade at war.
abstract: The pain conditions and comorbidities experienced by injured service members and the challenge of pain management by the military medical system offer a unique opportunity to inform pain management and medical research. In this article, acute and chronic pain issues, current treatment options and limitations, as well as novel approaches to pain management are discussed within the context of combat casualty care, from the battlefield to hospitalization and rehabilitation. This review will also highlight the current pain management limitations that need to be addressed in future clinical and basic science research to improve care for our nation's injured service members.
authors.affiliation: From the Pain Management Research Area (J.L.C., M.F., J.J.H., B.C., J.E.N., M.M.S., L.N.P., D.R.L.), Department of Anesthesiology (J.J.H.), US Army Institute of Surgical Research, San Antonio Military Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas; Defense and Veterans Pain Management Initiative (L.L.M.), Washington, District of Columbia.
authors.forename: John L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Clifford
authors.forename: Marcie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fowler
authors.forename: Jacob J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: Bopiah
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cheppudira
authors.forename: Jennifer E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Nyland
authors.forename: Margaux M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Salas
authors.forename: Laura L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: McGhee
authors.forename: Lawrence N
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Petz
authors.forename: Dayna R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Loyd
mesh_terms: D055826:Afghan Campaign 2001-; D059350:Chronic Pain / Q000209:etiology; D004632:Emergency Medical Services / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D054542:Iraq War, 2003-2011; D008887:Military Medicine / Q000379:methods*; D059408:Pain Management / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D012307:Risk Factors; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000628:therapy*