title: Do the eyes have it? Performance of molecular detection of tuberculosis on fresh and paraffin embedded tissues, including those with no visible tissue.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Little has been published on the performance of tuberculosis PCR with respect to the quality of tissue specimens. Laboratories often receive liquid samples from fine-needle aspirates with no visible tissue for testing. The sensitivity of tuberculosis (TB) PCR on these specimens is unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  TB PCR was compared to culture or a combination of clinical and histopathological evidence of tuberculosis; a separate analysis excluded patients with current or previous treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-five patients had 81 positive samples; 69 by PCR and 43 by culture. Excluding those on treatment, 51 of 57 (89%) were PCR positive versus 43 of 61 (70%) by culture. 44 samples had 'no visible tissue' noted. Five were PCR positive; only one was culture positive. At least two samples were falsely negative.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sensitivity of TB PCR is superior to culture on tissue. Five of seven TB cases with no visible tissue were PCR positive. The quality of the specimen deserves comment, as the two (5%) known false negatives are of concern.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia Central Clinical School, School of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Genevieve L
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5238-9260
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: McKew
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Sally M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Dubedat
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia Central Clinical School, School of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Raymond C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Chan
mesh_terms: D044963:Biopsy, Fine-Needle; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D016612:Paraffin Embedding; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013048:Specimen Handling / Q000379:methods; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial
keywords: DIAGNOSIS; MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY; TUBERCULOSIS