title: Giant malignant pheochromocytoma with palpable rib metastases.
abstract: Pheochromocytoma is a rare and usually benign neuroendocrine neoplasm. Only 10% of all these tumors are malignant and there are no definitive histological or cytological criteria of malignancy. Single malignancy criteria are the presence of advanced locoregional disease or metastases. We report a case, with a giant retroperitoneal tumor having multiple metastases including palpable rib metastases, who was diagnosed as a malignant pheochromocytoma. The patient was treated with surgery. The literature was reviewed to evaluate tumor features and current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for patients with metastatic or potentially malignant pheochromocytoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Cumhuriyet University Medical Faculty, 58140 Sivas, Turkey.
authors.forename: Esat
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0318-0353
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Korgali
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Cumhuriyet University Medical Faculty, 58140 Sivas, Turkey.
authors.forename: Gokce
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6676-1983
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dundar
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Cumhuriyet University Medical Faculty, 58140 Sivas, Turkey.
authors.forename: Gokhan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gokce
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Cumhuriyet University Medical Faculty, 58140 Sivas, Turkey.
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kilicli
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Cumhuriyet University Medical Faculty, 58140 Sivas, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sahande
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Elagoz
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Cumhuriyet University Medical Faculty, 58140 Sivas, Turkey.
authors.forename: Semih
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ayan
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Cumhuriyet University Medical Faculty, 58140 Sivas, Turkey.
authors.forename: Emin Yener
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Gultekin