title: Effects of dexpanthenol and N-acetylcysteine pretreatment in rats before renal ischemia/reperfusion injury.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We investigated the anti-inflammatory and protective effects of concomitant use of dexpanthenol (DXP) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) induced ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury of kidney.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty rats were randomly divided into 5 groups. In all groups except for Group 1(Sham), renal arteries bilaterally occluded with vascular clamp for IR injury. Group 1(Sham), received a single dose of 10 mL/kg isotonic saline daily by intraperitoneal (IP) injection for three days. Group 2(IR), received a single dose of 10 mL/kg isotonic saline daily by IP injection for three days. Group 3(IR + NAC), received 300 mg/kg NAC daily by IP injection for three days. Group 4(IR + DXP), received 500 mg/kg DXP daily by IP injection for three days. Group 5(IR + NAC + DXP), received 500 mg/kg DXP and 300 mg/kg NAC daily by IP injection for three days. Serum urea (BUN), creatinine (Cr) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL, lipocalin 2, siderocalin) levels were measured as kidney function tests. TNF-α levels were measured as inflammatory marker. Tissue sections were evaluated histopathologically under light microscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  IR + NAC + DXP group received both NAC and DXP before induction of renal I/R and as the biochemical and histopathological data revealed the results of the IR + NAC + DXP group and sham group were similar. Biochemically and histopathologically, combined use of NAC and DXP has better results when each of them used alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We concluded that concomitant use of DXP and NAC plays a major role against I/R injury and may be useful in acute treatment of I/R induced renal failure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology .
authors.forename: Huseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sen
authors.forename: Suleyman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Deniz
authors.forename: A Erturk
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Yedekci
authors.forename: Gokhan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Inangil
authors.forename: Tuba
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Muftuoglu
authors.forename: Aptullah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Haholu
authors.forename: Sezai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ozkan
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000818:Animals; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D010205:Pantothenic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011897:Random Allocation; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D010205:Pantothenic Acid; C007288:dexpanthenol; D000111:Acetylcysteine
keywords: Dexpanthenol; N-acetylcysteine; renal injury