title: Pilot study of sex differences in QTc intervals of heart transplant recipients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Repolarization processes in female and male are different. This study provided pilot data on automatic measurements of QT intervals in heart transplant (HT) recipients stratified according to the sex of the recipient and the donor.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The following groups were analyzed: Group A-20 males with male heart, group B-14 females with male heart, group C-13 females with female heart, group D-11 males with female heart, group E-20 healthy males, and group F-20 healthy females. Twelve-lead electrocardiograms were digitally captured during autonomic provocative test of five postural 8-minute stages-supine, unsupported sitting, supine, unsupported standing, and supine. Fridericia formula was used for heart rate correction together with a generic correction for QT/RR hysteresis. Neither female nor male HT recipients exhibit any differences in QTc interval duration related to the sex of the donor. There was, however, a trend towards longer QTc intervals in female HT recipients compared to male HT recipients irrespective of the sex of the donor. The QTc differences between healthy control females and males were highly statistically significant proving the assay sensitivity of the study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The available pilot data suggest that in HT patients, the sex of the donor has little influence on the QTc interval of the transplanted heart.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine of Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Tomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Novotny
authors.affiliation: International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne´s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Pavel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Leinveber
authors.affiliation: St. Paul's Cardiac Electrophysiology and Imperial College, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Katerina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hnatkova
authors.affiliation: International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne´s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Tereza
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Reichlova
authors.affiliation: International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne´s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matejkova
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine of Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sisakova
authors.affiliation: International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne´s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; 1st Department of Internal Medicine-Cardioangiology, St. Anne´s University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Krejci
authors.affiliation: International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne´s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; 1st Department of Internal Medicine-Cardioangiology, St. Anne´s University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Petr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hude
authors.affiliation: International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne´s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; Center for Cardiovascular and Transplantation Surgery, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bedanova
authors.affiliation: International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne´s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; Center for Cardiovascular and Transplantation Surgery, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Petr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nemec
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine of Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jindrich
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Spinar
authors.affiliation: 1st Department of Internal Medicine-Cardioangiology, St. Anne´s University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Lenka
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Spinarova
authors.affiliation: St. Paul's Cardiac Electrophysiology and Imperial College, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: marek.malik@btinternet.com.
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Malik
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018153:Czech Republic / Q000453:epidemiology; D015716:Electrocardiography, Ambulatory / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D006339:Heart Rate; D016027:Heart Transplantation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D017678:Sex Distribution; D014019:Tissue Donors / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D066027:Transplant Recipients / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
keywords: Cardiac repolarization; Heart transplantation; Sex differences