title: The effects of Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees extract and diterpenoids on the CYP450 isoforms' activities, a review of possible herb-drug interaction risks.
abstract: Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees is a popular medicinal plant and its components are used in various traditional product preparations. However, its herb-drug interactions risks remain unclear. This review specifically discusses the various published studies carried out to evaluate the effects of Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees plant extracts and diterpenoids on the CYP450 metabolic enzyme and if the plant components pose a possible herb-drug interaction risk. Unfortunately, the current data are insufficient to indicate if the extracts or diterpenoids can be labeled as in vitro CYP1A2, CYP2C9 or CYP3A4 inhibitors. A complete CYP inhibition assay utilizing human liver microsomes and the derivation of relevant parameters to predict herb-drug interaction risks may be necessary for these isoforms. However, based on the current studies, none of the extracts and diterpenoids exhibited CYP450 induction activity in human hepatocytes or human-derived cell lines. It is crucial that a well-defined experimental design is needed to make a meaningful herb-drug interaction prediction.
authors.affiliation: Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia , Pulau Pinang , Malaysia and.
authors.forename: Mei Lan
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Lin Ee
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Lim
mesh_terms: D035685:Andrographis / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D065693:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inducers / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D041743:Herb-Drug Interactions; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D018570:Risk Assessment
chemical_list: D065693:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inducers; D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D004224:Diterpenes; D007527:Isoenzymes; D010936:Plant Extracts; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
keywords: Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees; cytochrome P450; herb–drug interactions