title: Gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry for the determination of atmospheric polychlorinated naphthalenes.
abstract: Atmospheric polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) ranging from mono-CNs to octa-CNs were detected using isotope-dilution gas chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). The developed instrumental method was successfully applied to the determination of PCNs in technical products. It was observed that there were significant differences in concentrations, homologue profiles, chlorinated contents and total toxic equivalents (∑TEQs) of PCNs for four Halowax products. Subsequently, the validation of the analytical method was evaluated for the determination of PCNs in air samples in terms of method detection limit (MDL), recovery and matrix effect. The results demonstrated that this method could provide satisfactory sensitivity and adequate selectivity with lower cost. It was conducted to comprehensively evaluate the levels, composition patterns, ∑TEQs, and daily intake exposure of PCNs in indoor and outdoor air samples. Concentrations and ∑TEQs of PCNs in air samples ranged 47.7-832.7 pg m(-3) and 1.31-5.99 fg m(-3), respectively, and the predominant homologues were di- and tri-CNs in the gas phase. The results indicated that this analytical method was useful for the accurate and specific evaluation of dioxin-like toxicity and human exposure levels of PCNs in the atmosphere.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
authors.forename: Xueli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
authors.forename: Syed Mazhar
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China. Electronic address: chenjp@dicp.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Jiping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000032:analysis*; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D009281:Naphthalenes
keywords: Atmosphere; Gas chromatography–triple quadrupole mass spectrometry; Isotope dilution; Polychlorinated naphthalenes