title: Prevalence of Risk Factors for Chronic Non-communicable Diseases Using WHO Steps Approach in an Adult Population in Delhi.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is increasing worldwide largely due to prevalence of various risk factors, which can be controlled. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to measure the prevalence of major preventable risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases in an urban resettlement colony of Delhi, using STEPS approach.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study, that included a random sample of 200 adults, was conducted. A study tool based on the WHO STEPS questionnaire for assessing non-communicable diseases and their risk factors was used. Fasting venous blood sample was collected to assess the lipid profile and fasting blood sugar. Anthropometric measurements of the participants were also taken. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 17.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of the 200 participants, 26% (n = 52) were consuming alcohol and 17% (n = 34) were smoking. Majority (77.5%) had a raised waist circumference, and more than two-thirds were either overweight or obese. Fasting blood sugar levels were found to be raised in 18% of the study population. More than third participants had raised systolic and diastolic blood pressures and abnormal lipid profiles. More males were found to be overweight in comparison to females (P < 0.01), but in contrast, obesity (P < 0.05) and raised waist circumference (P < 0.001) were more common in females. Tobacco use was more common in lower class (P < 0.05), whereas obesity was commoner in the upper socio-economic class (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Study showed a high burden of risk factors for NCDs in the study population, pointing towards changing disease epidemiology of non-communicable diseases in India.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated L. N, Guru Nanank Eye Centre and G.B. Pant Hospitals, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Ankur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garg
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated L. N, Guru Nanank Eye Centre and G.B. Pant Hospitals, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Tanu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Anand
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated L. N, Guru Nanank Eye Centre and G.B. Pant Hospitals, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Urvi
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated L. N, Guru Nanank Eye Centre and G.B. Pant Hospitals, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Jugal
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kishore
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated L. N, Guru Nanank Eye Centre and G.B. Pant Hospitals, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Mantosh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chakraborty
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated L. N, Guru Nanank Eye Centre and G.B. Pant Hospitals, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Prakash Chandra
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Ray
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated L. N, Guru Nanank Eye Centre and G.B. Pant Hospitals, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Gopal Krishna
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Ingle
keywords: Alcohol use; Delhi; WHO step approach; non-communicable diseases; risk factors; tobacco use