title: Genetic approaches to chemotype determination in type B-trichothecene producing Fusaria.
abstract: This review summarises the genetic methods used for chemotype determination of the main Fusarium type B-trichothecene producing species. Literature on Fusarium chemotype epidemiology over the last 15 years is reviewed in order to describe temporal and spatial chemotype distribution of these fungi worldwide. Genetic approaches used for chemotype determination are also reviewed and discussed, highlighting successes and potential pitfalls of the technique. Results from both genetic and chemical approaches are summarised to compare reliability, advantages and limitations of the two methods. Potential applications of genetic chemotyping to toxigenic Fusarium species are evaluated in the light of improving food safety of agricultural products. The use of chemotype determination in population studies, toxin prediction as well as for breeding purpose is described.
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche - Gabriel Lippmann, 41, rue du Brill, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg. Electronic address: pasquali@lippmann.lu.
authors.forename: Matias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pasquali
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Agraria - Sezione di Patologia Vegetale ed Entomologia and Unità di ricerca Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Viale Italia 39, I-07100 Sassari, Italy.
authors.forename: Quirico
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Migheli
mesh_terms: D002523:Edible Grain / Q000382:microbiology; D059022:Food Safety; D005638:Fruit / Q000382:microbiology; D005670:Fusarium / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D005800:Genes, Fungal; D006801:Humans; D016533:Mycological Typing Techniques; D014255:Trichothecenes / Q000032:analysis* / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000145:classification; D014675:Vegetables / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D014255:Trichothecenes
keywords: Acetylated deoxynivalenol; Deoxynivalenol; Fusarium culmorum; Fusarium graminearum species complex; Nivalenol; TRI genes