title: Up-regulation of miR-582-5p regulates cellular proliferation of prostate cancer cells under androgen-deprived conditions.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  MicroRNAs are noncoding small RNA that negatively regulate target gene expression by binding to the 3'-UTR of mRNA. Previous studies have shown that several microRNAs play a pivotal role in prostate cancer by acting as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. This study was aimed at identifying microRNAs that contribute to the progression to castration resistant prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  MicroRNAs expression profiles of a xenograft model and cell lines were examined by microarray analysis and real-time PCR. Functional analysis of miR-582-5p in cellular proliferation was examined by cell counting. Furthermore, in order to investigate a candidate target of miR-582-5p, microarray analysis and analysis in silico were utilized.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MiR-582-5p was identified to be up-regulated at the castration resistant stage of a xenograft model, KUCaP2 and in castration resistant cell line, AILNCaP#1. Overexpression of miR-582-5p increased the number and the percentage of S phase of LNCaP cells under androgen deprived condition. Moreover, suppression of miR-582-5p decreased the number and the percentage of S phase of AILNCaP#1 cells. Furthermore, we identified that miR-582-5p down-regulates EFNB2 expression, which is down-regulated at the castration resistant stage of a xenograft model, KUCaP2 and in castration resistant cell line, AILNCaP#1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that up-regulation of miR-582-5p contributes to an increase in the proliferation of prostate cancer cells under androgen deprived conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maeno
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Terada
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uegaki
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Tomomi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kamba
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inoue
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000728:Androgens / Q000172:deficiency*; D000818:Animals; D002369:Castration; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000502:physiology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000502:physiology*; D064593:Heterografts; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000502:physiology*; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016196:S Phase / Q000502:physiology; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; C000593706:MIRN582 microRNA, human; D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: EFNB2; castration resistant; miR-582-5p; prostate cancer