title: Epidemiology of pedestrian-MVCs by road type in Cluj, Romania.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pedestrian-motor vehicle (PMV) crash rates in Romania are among the highest in all of Europe. The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of pedestrian-MVCs in Cluj County, Romania, on the two major types of roadways: national or local.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cluj County police crash report data from 2010 were used to identify pedestrian, driver and crash characteristics of pedestrian-MVCs. Crashes with available location data were geocoded and road type (national or local) for each crash was determined. Distributions of crash characteristics were examined by road type and multivariable logistic regression models were built to determine predictors of crash road type.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Crashes occurring on national roads involved more teenagers and adults, while those on local roads involved more young children (0-12) and older adults (65+) (p<0.01). Crashes on national roads were more likely to have marked pedestrian crossings and shoulders compared with local crashes. Pedestrian-MVCs that involved a moving violation by the motorist were more likely to occur on national roadways (adjusted OR=1.93, 95% CI 1.07 to 3.49).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pedestrian-MVCs pose a considerable health burden in Romania. Results from this study suggest that factors leading to PMV crashes on national roads are more likely to involve driver-related causes compared with local roads. Intervention priorities to reduce pedestrian crashes on national roads should be directed towards driver behaviour on national roads. Further examination of driver and pedestrian behaviours related to crash risk on both national and local roads, such as distraction and speeding, is warranted.
authors.affiliation: Injury Prevention Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
authors.forename: Cara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hamann
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
authors.forename: Corinne
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Peek-Asa
authors.affiliation: Center for Health Policy and Public Health, Institute for Social Research, College of Political, Administrative and Communication Sciences, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
authors.forename: Diana
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8172-4961
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rus
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004779:Environment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000069636:Pedestrians / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012383:Romania / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult