title: Measurement of external shame: an inside view.
abstract: The aims of this study were to investigate the construct validity of the Other as Shamer scale (OAS) using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and to examine the psychometric properties of its Italian version in a sample of 687 nonclinical individuals. The CFA results indicated that the hypothesized hierarchical model (with 1 higher order factor and 3 first-order factors) was the best fitting solution. Cronbach's alpha indexes, as well as test-retest stability, provided satisfactory results. Correlations of the OAS total score and its subscales with the Beck Depression Inventory-II (rs = .30-.48) and the Teate Depression Inventory (rs = .32-.45) were both substantial and significant (p < .01). Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed to indicate sensitivity and specificity of the OAS and its subscales when determining those nonclinical subjects who met clinical thresholds for depression symptoms. A series of cutoff scores for the OAS scale and its subscales was developed, with sensitivity values between .70 and .62, and specificity values between .71 and .62, indicating good to fair discrimination between the 2 groups (depressed vs. nondepressed). The theoretical and practical implications of these results were discussed.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Psychological Sciences, Humanities and Territory , G. d'Annunzio University , Chieti , Italy.
authors.forename: Michela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Balsamo
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Macchia
authors.forename: Leonardo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Carlucci
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Picconi
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tommasi
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gilbert
authors.forename: Aristide
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saggino
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D016013:Likelihood Functions; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010552:Personality Assessment / Q000592:standards*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011594:Psychometrics; D012372:ROC Curve; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012647:Self-Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012752:Shame; D013334:Students; D014495:Universities; D055815:Young Adult