title: Diversity in ABC transporters: type I, II and III importers.
abstract: ATP-binding cassette transporters are multi-subunit membrane pumps that transport substrates across membranes. While significant in the transport process, transporter architecture exhibits a range of diversity that we are only beginning to recognize. This divergence may provide insight into the mechanisms of substrate transport and homeostasis. Until recently, ABC importers have been classified into two types, but with the emergence of energy-coupling factor (ECF) transporters there are potentially three types of ABC importers. In this review, we summarize an expansive body of research on the three types of importers with an emphasis on the basics that underlie ABC importers, such as structure, subunit composition and mechanism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University , Evanston, IL , USA.
authors.forename: Austin J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Rice
authors.forename: Aekyung
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Heather W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Pinkett
mesh_terms: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification*; D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008958:Models, Molecular
chemical_list: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters
keywords: ABC transporters; ECF; Type I; Type II; Type III; accessory domain; importers; micronutrient and metal transport; nucleotide binding domain; regulatory domain