title: Biological characteristics and resistance analysis of the novel fungicide SYP-1620 against Botrytis cinerea.
abstract: SYP-1620, a quinone-outside-inhibitor (QoI), is a novel broad-spectrum fungicide. In this study, 108 isolates of Botrytis cinerea from different geographical regions in Jiangsu Province of China were characterized for baseline sensitivity to SYP-1620. The curves of baseline sensitivity were unimodal with a mean EC50 value of 0.0130±0.0109 μg/mL for mycelial growth, 0.01147±0.0062 μg/mL for spore germination, respectively. The biological characterization of SYP-1620 against B. cinerea was determined in vitro. The results indicated that SYP-1620 has a strong inhibiting effect on spore germination, mycelial growth, and respiration. The protective and curative test of SYP-1620 suggested that protective effect was better than curative either on strawberry leaves or on cucumber leaves in vivo. In addition, the biological characterization of SYP-1620-resistant mutants of B. cinerea was investigated. SYP-1620 has no cross-resistance with other types of fungicide. Compared to the sensitive isolates, the resistant mutants had lower mycelial growth and virulence but not differ in mycelial dry weight. Sequencing indicated that SYP-1620 resistance was associated with a single point mutation (G143A) in the cytochrome b gene.
authors.affiliation: College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Key Laboratory of Pesticide, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China. Electronic address: xiaokezxk@163.com.
authors.forename: Xiaoke
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Key Laboratory of Pesticide, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Dongxia
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Key Laboratory of Pesticide, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Yabing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Key Laboratory of Pesticide, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Changyan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.affiliation: College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Key Laboratory of Pesticide, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Jianxin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Key Laboratory of Pesticide, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Mingguo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Key Laboratory of Pesticide, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China. Electronic address: changjun-chen@njau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Changjun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000077102:Apium / Q000378:metabolism; D044482:Benzeneacetamides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020171:Botrytis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D045303:Cytochromes b / Q000235:genetics; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D025141:Drug Resistance, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D031985:Fragaria / Q000382:microbiology; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005800:Genes, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D007097:Imines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000382:microbiology; D009154:Mutation; D025282:Mycelium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013172:Spores, Fungal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D000073739:Strobilurins
chemical_list: D044482:Benzeneacetamides; D004271:DNA, Fungal; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D007097:Imines; D000073739:Strobilurins; C000599257:fenaminstrobin; D045303:Cytochromes b
keywords: Biological characteristics; Botrytis cinerea; Resistance analysis; SYP-1620