title: Berberine-loaded targeted nanoparticles as specific Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy: in vitro and in vivo study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this work was to develop fucose-conjugated nanoparticles and control the release of berberine, and demonstrate that these particles come into contact with Helicobacter pylori and enhance the suppressive effect of berberine on H. pylori growth.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fucose-chitosan/heparin nanoparticle-encapsulated berberine was prepared and delivery efficiency was monitored by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Anti-H. pylori activities were investigated by determining the calculated bacterial colonies and immunohistochemistry staining analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analysis of a simulated gastrointestinal medium indicated that the proposed drug carrier effectively controls the release of berberine, which interacts specifically at the site of H. pylori infection, and significantly increases berberine's suppressive effect on H. pylori growth. In an in vivo study, the berberine-loaded fucose-conjugated nanoparticles exhibited an H. pylori clearance effect.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings indicate that berberine-loaded fucose-conjugated nanoparticles exert an H. pylori clearance effect and effectively reduce gastric inflammation in an H. pylori-infected animal study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science & Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, 40402.
authors.forename: Yu-Hsin
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Jui-Hsiang
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Shen-Chieh
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: Shu-Jen
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Chun-Chia
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Yueh-Sheng
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chiung-Hung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001599:Berberine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D048271:Chitosan / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005643:Fucose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006493:Heparin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D001599:Berberine; D005643:Fucose; D006493:Heparin; D048271:Chitosan
keywords: Helicobacter pylori; berberine; fucose-conjugated nanoparticle; gastric inflammation; heparin