title: IL-17 and related cytokines involved in the pathology and immunotherapy of multiple sclerosis: Current and future developments.
abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS), an autoimmune neurological disorder, is driven by self-reactive T helper (Th) cells. Research on the role of Th17 lymphocytes in MS pathogenesis has made significant progress in identifying various immunological as well as environmental factors that induce the differentiation and expansion of these cells, different subsets of Th17 cells with varying degrees of pathogenicity, and the role of the secreted effector cytokines. While approved therapies for MS offer significant benefit to patients, there remain unmet needs. Ongoing clinical trials aim to translate the advanced knowledge of Th17 cytokines to improved therapies. This review discusses the current status and future developments of research into the role of Th17 and related cytokines in MS pathogenesis and therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn(2)), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany. Electronic address: dirk.luchtmann@unimedizin-mainz.de.
authors.forename: Dirk W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Luchtman
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn(2)), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ellwardt
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn(2)), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany; Department of Neuroscience, Neuroimmunology Clinic and Research Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, Canada.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Larochelle
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn(2)), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Frauke
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zipp
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015551:Autoimmunity / Q000276:immunology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000276:immunology; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D004681:Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000276:immunology; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051379:Mice; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D058504:Th17 Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: C508717:IL17A protein, human; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D020381:Interleukin-17; D016899:Interferon-beta
keywords: Cytokines; EAE; Multiple sclerosis; Th17; Therapy