title: Effects of dietary arginine supplementation on growth performance, flesh quality, muscle antioxidant capacity and antioxidant-related signalling molecule expression in young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella).
abstract: Growth performance, flesh quality, antioxidant status and antioxidant-related signalling molecule expression in the muscle of young grass carp, which were fed graded levels of arginine (6.9-24.5 g/kg diet) for eight weeks, were investigated. Muscle protein, lipid and nitric oxide contents, shear force, hydroxyproline concentration, and pH were significantly improved by appropriate arginine. Cooking loss, lactate content, cathepsins activities, malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl contents exhibited an opposite tendency. Additionally, optimum arginine significantly enhanced glutathione content and the activities and gene expression of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in muscle. Moreover, the expression levels of glutamate-cysteine ligase, target of rapamycin, ribosome protein S6 kinase 1, casein kinase 2 and NF-E2-related factor 2 in muscle were significantly elevated by appropriate arginine. However, optimum arginine significantly decreased Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 mRNA levels in muscle. In conclusion, arginine improved the flesh quality and muscle antioxidant capacity and regulated antioxidant-related signalling molecule expression.
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Biao
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China. Electronic address: kyckgk@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Wei-Dan
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Sheng-Yao
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kuang
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Shu-Hong
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China. Electronic address: xqzhouqq@tom.com.
authors.forename: Xiao-Qiu
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants; D001120:Arginine / Q000737:chemistry*; D002347:Carps / Q000378:metabolism*; D004032:Diet; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis*; D015870:Gene Expression; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D009132:Muscles / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D001120:Arginine
keywords: Antioxidant enzyme; Arginine; Flesh quality; Gene expression; Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella); Signalling molecule