title: Elevated plasma pentraxin 3 levels are associated with development and progression of diabetic retinopathy in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the association between elevated levels of plasma pentraxin 3 (PTX3) and the development and/or progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR).
  
  
  METHODS
  In this case-control study, 92 diabetic patients with DR (group 3), 30 diabetic patients without DR (group 2), and 41 normal subjects (group 1) were enrolled. Log-transformed values of plasma PTX3 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) concentrations were measured and used in our analysis. For subgroup analysis, group 3 was divided into four subgroups: mild, moderate, severe nonproliferative, and proliferative DR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In our 163 participants, average plasma PTX3 levels were 916.1 ± 532.2, 1093.7 ± 1034.2, and 1817.9 ± 1776.9 pg/mL for groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The duration of diabetic mellitus (DM), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), log hsCRP, and log PTX3 were significantly different between the three groups (P = 0.008, P < 0.001, P = 0.046, and P < 0.001, respectively). In subgroup analysis, plasma log PTX3 levels increased in correlation with the severity of DR (R = 0.372, P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic analysis showed that the correlation between DR development and duration of DM and log PTX3 values was significant (P = 0.014 and P = 0.025, respectively), whereas correlation with log hsCRP values was not significant in univariate analysis (P = 0.129). The receiver operating characteristic curves of DR development were plotted using log PTX3 and log hsCRP values, and the area under the curves was found to be 0.721 (P = 0.001) and 0.614 (P = 0.087), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Plasma PTX3 is positively associated with DR development and progression, and may be a more accurate predictor of DR development than hsCRP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Seung
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Ju
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: So Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Je Moon
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Woo
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000276:immunology; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D000683:Serum Amyloid P-Component / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014657:Vasculitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D000099153:Pentraxins
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D000683:Serum Amyloid P-Component; D000099153:Pentraxins
keywords: C-reactive protein; diabetes mellitus; diabetic retinopathy; pentraxin 3