title: Pre-meal video game playing and a glucose preload suppress food intake in normal weight boys.
abstract: Increased food intake (FI) during television viewing has been reported in children, but it is unknown if this occurs following pre-meal video game playing (VGP). The objective was to determine the effect of pre-meal VGP for 30 min on subjective appetite and emotions, and FI in normal weight (NW) boys after a glucose or control preload. On four test mornings, NW boys (n = 19) received equally sweetened preloads of a non-caloric sucralose control or 50 g glucose in 250 mL of water, with or without VGP for 30 min. Food intake from an ad libitum pizza meal was measured immediately after. Subjective appetite was measured at 0, 15, 30, and 60 min. Subjective emotions were determined by visual analog scale at baseline and immediately before lunch. Both VGP (p = 0.023) and glucose (p <0.001) suppressed FI. Pre-meal VGP compared with no-VGP, and glucose compared with the non-caloric control, decreased FI by 59 and 170 kcal, respectively. Subjective average appetite increased to 30 min (p = 0.003), but was lower after glucose (p = 0.01) in both the VGP and no-VGP conditions compared with the control. Frustration and aggression scores increased after VGP (p <0.05), but did not correlate with FI. However, baseline and pre-meal happiness and excitement scores were inversely associated with FI. In conclusion, both pre-meal VGP and the glucose preload suppressed FI, supporting the roles of both physiologic and environmental factors in the regulation of short-term FI in 9- to 14-year-old NW boys.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Human Nutrition, Faculty of Professional Studies, Mount Saint Vincent University, 166 Bedford Highway, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3M 2J6, Canada.
authors.forename: Alyson
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Branton
authors.affiliation: School of Nutrition, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada.
authors.forename: Tina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akhavan
authors.affiliation: School of Nutrition, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada.
authors.forename: Branka
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gladanac
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Human Nutrition, Faculty of Professional Studies, Mount Saint Vincent University, 166 Bedford Highway, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3M 2J6, Canada.
authors.forename: Damion
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pollard
authors.affiliation: Division of Kinesiology, School of Health and Human Performance, Dalhousie University, 6230 South St, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada.
authors.forename: Jo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Welch
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Human Sciences, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Ave., Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island C1A 4P3, Canada.
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rossiter
authors.affiliation: School of Nutrition, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada. Electronic address: nick.bellissimo@ryerson.ca.
authors.forename: Nick
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bellissimo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D017195:Adolescent Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D001069:Appetite Regulation; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior; D002664:Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D002149:Energy Intake; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006240:Happiness; D006801:Humans; D062409:Lunch; D008297:Male; D008960:Models, Psychological; D064306:Non-Nutritive Sweeteners / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009674:Nova Scotia; D057181:Pleasure; D062410:Snacks; D013395:Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D018910:Video Games / Q000523:psychology*
chemical_list: D064306:Non-Nutritive Sweeteners; D013395:Sucrose; C026285:trichlorosucrose; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Children; Food intake; Glucose preload; Subjective appetite; Subjective emotions; Video game playing