title: Detection of Ara h 1 (a major peanut allergen) in food using an electrochemical gold nanoparticle-coated screen-printed immunosensor.
abstract: A gold nanoparticle-coated screen-printed carbon electrode was used as the transducer in the development of an electrochemical immunosensor for Ara h 1 (a major peanut allergen) detection in food samples. Gold nanoparticles (average diameter = 32 nm) were electrochemically generated on the surface of screen-printed carbon electrodes. Two monoclonal antibodies were used in a sandwich-type immunoassay and the antibody-antigen interaction was electrochemically detected through stripping analysis of enzymatically (using alkaline phosphatase) deposited silver. The total time of the optimized immunoassay was 3h 50 min. The developed immunosensor allowed the quantification of Ara h 1 between 12.6 and 2000 ng/ml, with a limit of detection of 3.8 ng/ml, and provided precise (RSD <8.7%) and accurate (recovery >96.6%) results. The immunosensor was successfully applied to the analysis of complex food matrices (cookies and chocolate), being able to detect Ara h 1 in samples containing 0.1% of peanut.
authors.affiliation: REQUIMTE, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; REQUIMTE/Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Rita C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.affiliation: REQUIMTE/Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Filipa B
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Pimentel
authors.affiliation: REQUIMTE, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Henri P A
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Nouws
authors.affiliation: REQUIMTE, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Raquel C B
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Marques
authors.affiliation: REQUIMTE, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: María Begoña
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: González-García
authors.affiliation: REQUIMTE/Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: M Beatriz P P
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: REQUIMTE, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal. Electronic address: cmm@isep.ipp.pt.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Delerue-Matos
mesh_terms: D000485:Allergens / Q000032:analysis*; D055910:Antibodies, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry; D052179:Antigens, Plant / Q000032:analysis*; D010367:Arachis / Q000737:chemistry; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D004566:Electrodes; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis*; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000379:methods*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D055910:Antibodies, Immobilized; D052179:Antigens, Plant; C500889:Ara h 1 protein, Arachis hypogaea; D006023:Glycoproteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D002244:Carbon; D006046:Gold
keywords: Allergen; Ara h 1; Biosensor; Electrochemical immunosensor; Peanut; Screen-printed carbon electrode