title: Commensal bacteria protect against food allergen sensitization.
abstract: Environmentally induced alterations in the commensal microbiota have been implicated in the increasing prevalence of food allergy. We show here that sensitization to a food allergen is increased in mice that have been treated with antibiotics or are devoid of a commensal microbiota. By selectively colonizing gnotobiotic mice, we demonstrate that the allergy-protective capacity is conferred by a Clostridia-containing microbiota. Microarray analysis of intestinal epithelial cells from gnotobiotic mice revealed a previously unidentified mechanism by which Clostridia regulate innate lymphoid cell function and intestinal epithelial permeability to protect against allergen sensitization. Our findings will inform the development of novel approaches to prevent or treat food allergy based on modulating the composition of the intestinal microbiota.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathology.
authors.forename: Andrew T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Stefka
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathology.
authors.forename: Taylor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Feehley
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathology.
authors.forename: Prabhanshu
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tripathi
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathology and Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611;
authors.forename: Ju
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland;
authors.forename: Kathy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: McCoy
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125; and.
authors.forename: Sarkis K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Mazmanian
authors.affiliation: Medicine, and.
authors.forename: Melissa Y
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5869-3175
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Tjota
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathology.
authors.forename: Goo-Young
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathology.
authors.forename: Severine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Surgery, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637;
authors.forename: Betty R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Theriault
authors.affiliation: Medicine, and Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439.
authors.forename: Dionysios A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Antonopoulos
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathology and Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611;
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Medicine, and.
authors.forename: Eugene B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathology.
authors.forename: Yang-Xin
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathology, Medicine, and cnagler@bsd.uchicago.edu.
authors.forename: Cathryn R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Nagler
mesh_terms: D000485:Allergens / Q000276:immunology*; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D003013:Clostridium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005512:Food Hypersensitivity / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D007114:Immunization; D007378:Interleukins / Q000378:metabolism; D007422:Intestines / Q000473:pathology; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D064307:Microbiota / Q000187:drug effects; D000097043:Interleukin-22
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D007378:Interleukins; D000097043:Interleukin-22
keywords: IL-22; barrier; microbiome