title: Useful ethnophytomedicinal recipes of angiosperms used against diabetes in South East Asian Countries (India, Pakistan & Sri Lanka).
abstract: This paper is based on data recorded from various literatures pertaining to ethnophytomedicinal recipes used against diabetes in South East Asia (India, Pakistan and Srilanka). Traditional plant treatments have been used throughout the world for the therapy of diabetes mellitus. In total 419 useful phytorecipes of 270 plant species belonging to 74 Angiospermic families were collected. From the review it was revealed that plants showing hypoglycemic potential mainly belong to the families, Cucurbitaceae (16 spp.), Euphorbiaceae (15 spp.), Caesalpiniaceae and Papilionaceae (13 spp. each), Moraceae (11 spp.), Acanthaceae (10 spp.), Mimosaceae (09 spp.), Asteraceae, Malvaceae and Poaceae (08 spp. each), Hippocrateaceae, Rutaceae and Zingiberaceae (07 spp. each), Apocynaceae, Asclepiadaceae and Verbenaceae (06 spp. each), Apiaceae, Convolvulaceae, Lamiaceae, Myrtaceae, Solanaceae (05 spp.each). The most active plants are Syzigium cumini (14 recipes), Phyllanthus emblica (09 recipes), Centella asiatica and Momordica charantia (08 recipes each), Azadirachta indica (07 recipes), Aegle marmelos, Catharanthus roseus, Ficus benghalensis, Ficus racemosa, Gymnema sylvestre (06 recipes each), Allium cepa, A. sativum, Andrographis paniculata, Curcuma longa (05 recipes each), Citrullus colocynthis, Justicia adhatoda, Nelumbo nucifera, Tinospora cordifolia, Trigonella foenum-graecum, Ziziphus mauritiana and Wattakaka volubilis (4 recipes each). These traditional recipes include extracts, leaves, powders, flour, seeds, vegetables, fruits and herbal mixtures. Data inventory consists of botanical name, recipe, vernacular name, English name. Some of the plants of the above data with experimentally confirmed antidiabetic properties have also been recorded. More investigations must be carried out to evaluate the mechanism of action of diabetic medicinal plants. Toxicity of these plants should also be explained. Scientific validation of these recipes may help in discovering new drugs from these medicinal plants for diabetes.
authors.affiliation: University Wensam College, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KPK, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Sarfaraz Khan
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Marwat
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KPK, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Fazalur
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rehman
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KPK, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Ejaz Ahmad
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Abdul Aziz
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Khakwani
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Imdad
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ullah
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Kaleem Ullah
authors.initials: KU
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: University Wensam College, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KPK, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Inam Ullah
authors.initials: IU
authors.lastname: Khan
mesh_terms: D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D019684:Magnoliopsida; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D010154:Pakistan; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D013188:Sri Lanka