title: Frequency of otitis media based on otoendoscopic evaluation in preterm infants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was conducted to determine the frequency of otitis media in preterm neonates using otoendoscopy and tympanometry.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Wayne State University, Hutzel Women's Hospital Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-six preterm infants were included (gestational age <36 weeks). Otoendoscopy and tympanometry were performed to detect the presence of otitis media. Kappa statistic and logistic regression were used for statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Otoendoscopy was performed in 85 patients. The frequency of otoendoscopy-diagnosed otitis media was 72.9% (62/85). Tympanometry could be performed on 69.76% of the ears. There was 73.5% agreement between the findings of tympanometry and those of otoendoscopy. The association between the presence of otitis media and gestational age at birth was statistically significant. The lower the gestational age, the higher the frequency of otoendoscopy-diagnosed otitis media (P = .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Otoendoscopically diagnosed otitis media is frequent in preterm neonates. There was agreement between the results of tympanometry and those of otoendoscopy. The frequency of otitis media increased with lower gestational age.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA jcoticch@wayne.edu.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Coticchia
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: Priyanka
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: Livjot
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sachdeva
authors.affiliation: Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Rutgers, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.
authors.forename: Kelvin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kwong
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan and Hutzel Women's Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: Josef M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Cortez
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, University of California, San Diego, California, USA.
authors.forename: Javan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nation
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: Tracy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rudd
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan and Hutzel Women's Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: Marwan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zidan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan and Hutzel Women's Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: Eugene
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cepeda
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hutzel Women's Hospital, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gonik
mesh_terms: D000158:Acoustic Impedance Tests; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D010033:Otitis Media / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D019720:Otoscopes; D010865:Pilot Projects; D015995:Prevalence; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
keywords: VLBW infants; middle ear infection; otoendoscopy; preterm birth; tympanometry