title: Activity and expression pattern of NF-κB /P65 in peripheral blood from hepatocellular carcinoma patients - link to hypoxia inducible factor -1α.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hepatocellular carcinoma is a complex and heterogeneous tumor with poor prognosis due to frequent intrahepatic spread and extrahepatic metastasis. The molecular mechanisms underlying HCC pathogenesis still remain obscure.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to investigate the abundance and the DNA binding activity of nuclear factor kappa B/p65 subunit in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with HCC and to assess its prognostic significance and association with hypoxia inducible factor one alpha (HIF-1α) in blood.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was carried out on 40 patients classified equally into liver cirrhosis (group I) and HCC (group II), in addition to 20 healthy volunteers (group III). All groups were subjected to measurement of NF-κB /P65 subunit expression levels by real time-PCR, and DNA binding activity was evaluated by transcription factor binding immunoassay. Serum HIF-1α levels were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Significant increase of both the expression level and DNA binding activity of NF-κB /P65 subunit together with serum HIF-1 alpha levels was noted in HCC patients compared to liver cirrhosis and control subjects, with significant positive correlation with parameters for bad prognosis of HCC. In conclusion, NF-κB signaling is activated in HCC and associated with disease prognosis and with high circulating levels of HIF-1 alpha.
authors.affiliation: Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt E-mail : hanaahibishy@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Hanaa Hibishy
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Gaballah
authors.forename: Soha Said
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Zakaria
authors.forename: Saber Abdelrahman
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Ismail
mesh_terms: D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000097:blood*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011485:Protein Binding; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C497442:HIF1A protein, human; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; C498143:RELA protein, human; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA