title: Systemic infusion of mesenchymal stem cells improves cell-based bone regeneration via upregulation of regulatory T cells.
abstract: Mesenchymal-stem-cell-based regenerative medicine is a promising approach for functional tissue reconstruction. A recent study showed that host immune cells regulated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMMSC)-mediated tissue regeneration. However, it is unknown whether systemic infusion of BMMSCs, which induces immune tolerance, affects cell-based tissue regeneration. In this study, we showed that BMMSCs possessed an immunomodulatory function in vitro. Moreover, systemic infusion of BMMSCs reduced IFN-γ and TNF-α levels in the implantation sites via upregulation of regulatory T cells (Tregs), resulting in marked enhancement of cell-based bone regeneration, but with only limited contribution by BMMSC homing. Further, we showed that systemic BMMSC infusion significantly improved cell-based repair of critical-sized calvarial defects in a murine model. These results suggested a new approach to enhance cell-based bone regeneration.
authors.affiliation: 1 Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory for Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology , Beijing, China .
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ruili
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Songtao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000276:immunology*; D002450:Cell Communication / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology*