title: Enzalutamide in chemo-naïve castration-resistant prostate cancer: effective for most but not for all.
abstract: Continued research in the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) has allowed for a clearer understanding of this disease entity and further treatment advances. In a study recently published by Beer et al. in the New England Journal of Medicine, another advance to treatment was demonstrated for the androgen receptor (AR) signaling inhibitor, enzalutamide, in patients with chemotherapy-naïve metastatic CRPC. Although a large majority of patients responded favorably to enzalutamide in the prechemotherapy setting, a small but significant proportion of patients demonstrated no meaningful benefit to this agent. This highlights an important concept in the understanding of this disease: inherent and acquired resistance to AR-targeting therapies.
authors.forename: Benjamin L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Maughan
authors.affiliation: Prostate Cancer Research Program, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Emmanuel S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Antonarakis
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D059002:Androgen Receptor Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010669:Phenylthiohydantoin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D059002:Androgen Receptor Antagonists; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D010669:Phenylthiohydantoin