title: Molecular regulation of bone marrow metastasis in prostate and breast cancer.
abstract: Metastasis is a multistep process, which refers to the ability to leave a primary tumor through circulation toward the distant tissue and form a secondary tumor. Bone is a common site of metastasis, in which osteolytic and osteoblastic metastasis are observed. Signaling pathways, chemokines, growth factors, adhesion molecules, and cellular interactions as well as miRNAs have been known to play an important role in the development of bone metastasis. These factors provide an appropriate environment (soil) for growth and survival of metastatic tumor cells (seed) in bone marrow microenvironment. Recognition of these factors and determination of their individual roles in the development of metastasis and disruption of cellular interactions can provide important therapeutic targets for treatment of these patients, which can also be used as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers. Thus, in this paper, we have attempted to highlight the molecular regulation of bone marrow metastasis in prostate and breast cancers.
authors.affiliation: Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 61357-15794, Iran.
authors.forename: Fakher
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rahim
authors.affiliation: Health Research Institute, Research Center of Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 61357-15794, Iran.
authors.forename: Saeideh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hajizamani
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacology and Pathophysiology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Utrecht University, 80082 Utrecht, The Netherlands ; Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research and Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 19575/154 Tehran, Iran ; Cell and Molecular Biology Group, Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Dovehouse Street, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
authors.forename: Esmaeil
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mortaz
authors.affiliation: Health Research Institute, Research Center of Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 61357-15794, Iran.
authors.forename: Ahmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahmadzadeh
authors.affiliation: Health Research Institute, Research Center of Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 61357-15794, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shahjahani
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan 35131-38111, Iran.
authors.forename: Saeid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shahrabi
authors.affiliation: Health Research Institute, Research Center of Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 61357-15794, Iran.
authors.forename: Najmaldin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saki