title: Room-temperature multiferroic hexagonal LuFeO3 films.
abstract: The crystal and magnetic structures of single-crystalline hexagonal LuFeO(3) films have been studied using x-ray, electron, and neutron diffraction methods. The polar structure of these films are found to persist up to 1050 K; and the switchability of the polar behavior is observed at room temperature, indicating ferroelectricity. An antiferromagnetic order was shown to occur below 440 K, followed by a spin reorientation resulting in a weak ferromagnetic order below 130 K. This observation of coexisting multiple ferroic orders demonstrates that hexagonal LuFeO(3) films are room-temperature multiferroics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA and Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA.
authors.forename: Wenbin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA.
authors.forename: Wenbo
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gai
authors.affiliation: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA.
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Balke
authors.affiliation: Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA.
authors.forename: Miaofang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chi
authors.affiliation: Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA.
authors.forename: Ho Nyung
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Quantum Condensed Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA.
authors.forename: Leyi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania 19010, USA.
authors.forename: Xuemei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA.
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Keavney
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA.
authors.forename: Jieyu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas Z
authors.initials: TZ
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.affiliation: Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA.
authors.forename: Paul C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Snijders
authors.affiliation: Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA.
authors.forename: Hans M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Christen
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA.
authors.forename: Weida
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA and State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA.
authors.forename: Xiaoshan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu