title: Metal preferences and metallation.
abstract: The metal binding preferences of most metalloproteins do not match their metal requirements. Thus, metallation of an estimated 30% of metalloenzymes is aided by metal delivery systems, with ∼ 25% acquiring preassembled metal cofactors. The remaining ∼ 70% are presumed to compete for metals from buffered metal pools. Metallation is further aided by maintaining the relative concentrations of these pools as an inverse function of the stabilities of the respective metal complexes. For example, magnesium enzymes always prefer to bind zinc, and these metals dominate the metalloenzymes without metal delivery systems. Therefore, the buffered concentration of zinc is held at least a million-fold below magnesium inside most cells.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Chemistry and School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Andrew W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Foster
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Chemistry and School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Deenah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Osman
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Chemistry and School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom nigel.robinson@durham.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Nigel J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Robinson
mesh_terms: D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D001692:Biological Transport; D003013:Clostridium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D000458:Cyanobacteria / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D008274:Magnesium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008345:Manganese / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D008667:Metalloproteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D008958:Models, Molecular; D013816:Thermodynamics; D015032:Zinc / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D008667:Metalloproteins; D008345:Manganese; D007501:Iron; D008274:Magnesium; D015032:Zinc
keywords: Copper; Iron; Irving-Williams Series; Manganese; Metal Sensors; Metallochaperone; Metalloenzymes; Nickel; Polydisperse Buffer; Zinc