title: The use of time lapse photography in an in vitro fertilization programme for better selection for embryo transfer.
abstract: The time lapse photography is not a new method for assessing the dynamics of early embryo development in vitro. It has been used many times in the past for studying cleavages and blastulation of embryos of various animal species. However, this technique became available for routine use in an human in vitro fertilization (IVF) programme only a couple years ago and it becomes more and more popular today. The new time lapse systems are using modified microscopes which are positioned within the incubators. The observation of embryos does not need the opening of incubators. By sequential photographing of each embryo separately with camera of low intensity illumination, more than 1400 pictures of embryo are made. All these pictures are collected together and transformed into a short movie with software. This system offers the observation of dynamics of embryo development. The studies, which have used a time lapse technique for studying embryo development, revealed that the timing between different events can be used for predicting its developmental potential. In this paper the advantages and drawbacks of time lapse photography is precisely described. An overview through the published papers analyzing the dynamics of human embryo development from the zygote toward blastocyst is done and new timing parameters for grading zygotes, early embryos and blastocysts are analyzed.
authors.forename: Borut
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kovačič
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hojnik
authors.forename: Veljko
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vlaisavljević
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004624:Embryo Transfer / Q000379:methods*; D047108:Embryonic Development; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013997:Time Factors; D059008:Time-Lapse Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D015053:Zygote / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development*