title: Experimental and theoretical studies on Gallic acid assisted EDC/NHS initiated crosslinked collagen scaffolds.
abstract: The effect of Gallic acid (GA) in the presence of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide (EDC)/N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) on collagen scaffold is investigated. The thermal mechanical analyzer (TMA), differential scanning calorimetric (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) including tensile strength (TS, 180 ± 3 MPa), denaturation temperature (Td, 80.03°C), % elongation (% E, 180 ± 9) and weight loss (31.76%), indicate that the modification improves the structural integrity and stability of the collagen scaffold. The GA-EDC/NHS treatment inhibits the action of collagenase against collagen degradation compared to GA and EDC/NHS. It is concluded from docking studies that GA binds with collagen like peptide (CLP) and collagenase through multiple H-bonds and hydrophobic interactions leading to low binding energy -5.1 and -5.3 Kcal/mol, respectively. The hydrophobic core of the GA molecules, probably incorporates itself into the hydrophobic areas of the collagen groups, whereas OH and COOH moieties of GA establish multiple H-bonds with neighboring collagen molecules and carboxamide bond, thereby improving the swelling and water uptake properties, biocompatibility and cell adhesion properties. This results in improving stability of the scaffold, which prevents the free access of the collagenase to reactive sites in the triple helical collagen chains.
authors.affiliation: Bioproducts Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR), Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India; Bioengineering and Drug Design Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras, Chennai 600 036, India. Electronic address: krishnamoorthyganesh@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Ganesan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Krishnamoorthy
authors.affiliation: Bioengineering and Drug Design Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras, Chennai 600 036, India.
authors.forename: Rajendran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Selvakumar
authors.affiliation: Bioproducts Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR), Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India.
authors.forename: Thotapalli Parvathaleswara
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Sastry
authors.affiliation: Bioproducts Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR), Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India.
authors.forename: Sayeed
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sadulla
authors.affiliation: Bioproducts Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR), Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India. Electronic address: abmandal@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Asit Baran
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Mandal
authors.affiliation: Bioengineering and Drug Design Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras, Chennai 600 036, India. Electronic address: mukeshd@iitm.ac.in.
authors.forename: Mukesh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Doble
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D002417:Cattle; D047009:Hathewaya histolytica / Q000201:enzymology; D003094:Collagen / Q000737:chemistry*; D017364:Collagenases / Q000378:metabolism; D005707:Gallic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D051379:Mice; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013818:Thermogravimetry; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
chemical_list: D005707:Gallic Acid; D003094:Collagen; D017364:Collagenases
keywords: Biocompatibility; Biomaterial; Collagen scaffold; Gallic acid; Tissue engineering