title: Excitation-emission matrix fluorescence coupled to chemometrics for the exploration of essential oils.
abstract: Excitation-emission matrix fluorescence (EEMF) coupled to chemometrics was used to explore essential oils (EOs). The spectrofluorometer was designed with basic and inexpensive materials and was accompanied by appropriate tools for data pre-treatment. Excitation wavelengths varied between 320 nm and 600 nm while emission wavelengths were from 340 nm to 700 nm. Excitation-emission matrix (EEM) spectra of EOs presented different features, revealing the presence of varying fluorophores. EOs from the same species but from different origins presented almost the same spectra, showing the possibility that EEM spectra could be used as additional parameters in the standardisation of EOs. With the aid of unfold principal component analysis (UPCA), resemblances obtained by spectral analysis of EOs were confirmed. A five components parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) model was used to find the profiles of fluorophores in EOs. One of those components was associated to chlorophyll a.
authors.affiliation: Centre de Physique Atomique Moléculaire et d'Optique Quantique (CEPAMOQ), Faculty of Science, University of Douala, P.O. Box 8580, Douala, Cameroon; Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Atomique Moléculaire et Applications (LSAMA), Faculty of Science, University of Tunis El Manar, P.O. Box 2092, Tunis, Tunisia. Electronic address: mbogningfeudjio@gmail.com.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Mbogning Feudjio
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Atomique Moléculaire et Applications (LSAMA), Faculty of Science, University of Tunis El Manar, P.O. Box 2092, Tunis, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Hassen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ghalila
authors.affiliation: University of Maroua, P.O. Box 46, Maroua, Cameroon.
authors.forename: Mama
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nsangou
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Atomique Moléculaire et Applications (LSAMA), Faculty of Science, University of Tunis El Manar, P.O. Box 2092, Tunis, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Yvon G
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Mbesse Kongbonga
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Atomique Moléculaire et Applications (LSAMA), Faculty of Science, University of Tunis El Manar, P.O. Box 2092, Tunis, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Youssef
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Majdi
mesh_terms: D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000737:chemistry*; D000077194:Chlorophyll A; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005453:Fluorescence; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000032:analysis* / Q000592:standards*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D009822:Oils, Volatile; D002734:Chlorophyll; D000077194:Chlorophyll A
keywords: Essential oils; Excitation-emission matrix fluorescence; Parallel factor analysis; Unfold principal component analysis