title: Early and late complications of germinal matrix-intraventricular haemorrhage in the preterm infant: what is new?
abstract: Germinal matrix-intraventricular haemorrhage (GMH-IVH) remains a serious problem in the very and extremely preterm infant. This article reviews current methods of diagnosis, treatment and neurodevelopmental outcome in preterm infants with low-grade and severe GMH-IVH. We conclude that there is still no consensus on timing of intervention and treatment of infants with GMH-IVH, whether or not complicated by post-haemorrhagic ventricular dilatation. The discrepancies between the studies underline the need for international collaboration to define the optimal strategy for these infants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Annemieke J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Brouwer
authors.forename: Floris
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Groenendaal
authors.forename: Manon J N L
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Benders
authors.forename: Linda S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: de Vries
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002552:Cerebral Ventricles / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology; D002657:Child Development; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods; D004108:Dilatation, Pathologic; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D020300:Intracranial Hemorrhages / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D012720:Severity of Illness Index