title: Deep sequencing reveals a novel closterovirus associated with wild rose leaf rosette disease.
abstract: A bizarre virus-like symptom of a leaf rosette formed by dense small leaves on branches of wild roses (Rosa multiflora Thunb.), designated as 'wild rose leaf rosette disease' (WRLRD), was observed in China. To investigate the presumed causal virus, a wild rose sample affected by WRLRD was subjected to deep sequencing of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) for a complete survey of the infecting viruses and viroids. The assembly of siRNAs led to the reconstruction of the complete genomes of three known viruses, namely Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV), Blackberry chlorotic ringspot virus (BCRV) and Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV), and of a novel virus provisionally named 'rose leaf rosette-associated virus' (RLRaV). Phylogenetic analysis clearly placed RLRaV alongside members of the genus Closterovirus, family Closteroviridae. Genome organization of RLRaV RNA (17,653 nucleotides) showed 13 open reading frames (ORFs), except ORF1 and the quintuple gene block, most of which showed no significant similarities with known viral proteins, but, instead, had detectable identities to fungal or bacterial proteins. Additional novel molecular features indicated that RLRaV seems to be the most complex virus among the known genus members. To our knowledge, this is the first report of WRLRD and its associated closterovirus, as well as two ilarviruses and one capilovirus, infecting wild roses. Our findings present novel information about the closterovirus and the aetiology of this rose disease which should facilitate its control. More importantly, the novel features of RLRaV help to clarify the molecular and evolutionary features of the closterovirus.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China; National Indoor Conservation Center of Virus-free Germplasms of Fruit Crops, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Zuokun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Ni
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Guoping
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Guogui
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ning
authors.forename: Wenxing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017790:Closterovirus / Q000235:genetics*; D060085:Coinfection / Q000821:virology; D016679:Genome, Viral; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing / Q000379:methods*; D010802:Phylogeny; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000821:virology*; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000378:metabolism; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D027826:Rosa / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D012367:RNA, Viral
keywords: closterovirus; deep sequencing; rose; rose leaf rosette disease; rose leaf rosette-associated virus; siRNA