title: Expression patterns of flagellin sensing 2 map to bacterial entry sites in plant shoots and roots.
abstract: Pathogens can colonize all plant organs and tissues. To prevent this, each cell must be capable of autonomously triggering defence. Therefore, it is generally assumed that primary sensors of the immune system are constitutively present. One major primary sensor against bacterial infection is the flagellin sensing 2 (FLS2) pattern recognition receptor (PRR). To gain insights into its expression pattern, the FLS2 promoter activity in β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter lines was monitored. The data show that pFLS2::GUS activity is highest in cells and tissues vulnerable to bacterial entry and colonization, such as stomata, hydathodes, and lateral roots. GUS activity is also high in the vasculature and, by monitoring Ca(2+) responses in the vasculature, it was found that this tissue contributes to flg22-induced Ca(2+) burst. The FLS2 promoter is also regulated in a tissue- and cell type-specific manner and is responsive to hormones, damage, and biotic stresses. This results in stimulus-dependent expansion of the FLS2 expression domain. In summary, a tissue- and cell type-specific map of FLS2 expression has been created correlating with prominent entry sites and target tissues of plant bacterial pathogens.
authors.affiliation: The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK robatzek@TSL.ac.uk martina.Beck@sainsbury-laboratory.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Beck
authors.affiliation: Zürich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Basel, Department of Environmental Sciences, Botany, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Ines
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Wyrsch
authors.affiliation: The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Strutt
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK.
authors.forename: Rinukshi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wimalasekera
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK.
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Webb
authors.affiliation: Zürich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Basel, Department of Environmental Sciences, Botany, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Boller
authors.affiliation: The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK robatzek@TSL.ac.uk martina.Beck@sainsbury-laboratory.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Silke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Robatzek
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000382:microbiology; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism*; D005408:Flagellin / Q000378:metabolism; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D009928:Organ Specificity / Q000235:genetics; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000382:microbiology*; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000235:genetics* / Q000382:microbiology*; D054046:Plant Stomata / Q000502:physiology; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids; D005408:Flagellin; D011494:Protein Kinases; C411853:FLS2 protein, Arabidopsis
keywords: Bacteria; flagellin; flg22; pattern recognition receptor; promoter expression; stomata.