title: Mating disruption of Coleophora deauratella (Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae) using laminate flakes in red clover seed production fields.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The red clover casebearer, Coleophora deauratella, is a significant pest in red clover (Trifolium pratense) seed production regions throughout the world. The internal feeding nature of C. deauratella larvae makes infestations difficult to control with insecticide. We test the ability of Hercon Disrupt Micro-Flakes(®) releasing the complete pheromone blend of C. deauratella to disrupt communication and mating in red clover seed production fields.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Initial small-plot (0.25 ha) trials found a significant reduction (93.6 ± 2.9%) of male C. deauratella captured in pheromone-treated plots compared with untreated controls. Subsequent large-plot (5 ha) mating disruption trials found a significant reduction (72.3 ± 5.7%) in male C. deauratella captured in pheromone-treated plots compared with untreated control plots over the growing season. Furthermore, larval numbers were significantly reduced and seed yield was increased in pheromone-treated plots compared with untreated control plots. In a concurrent small-plot (0.0625 ha) trial with various flake densities, disruption increased with pheromone flake density, and the resulting graphical disruption profiles matched the theoretical predictions of mating disruption by competitive attraction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pheromone-mediated mating disruption with laminate flakes has the potential to suppress C. deauratella populations and may help to reduce damage even at high pest densities. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Boyd A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Maya L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Evenden
mesh_terms: D000416:Alberta; D000818:Animals; D007300:Insect Control / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009036:Moths / Q000187:drug effects*; D010675:Pheromones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012724:Sex Attractants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012726:Sexual Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D029921:Trifolium / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D010675:Pheromones; D012724:Sex Attractants; C010411:insect attractants
keywords: Coleophoridae; competitive attraction; laminate flakes; mating disruption