title: Effects of acid etching and adhesive treatments on host-derived cysteine cathepsin activity in dentin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the effects of different processes during bonding on endogenous cysteine cathepsin activity in dentin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dentin powder, prepared from extracted human third molars, was divided into 10 groups. Two lots of dentin powder were used to detect the effects of the procedure of protein extraction on endogenous cathepsin activity. The others were used to study effects of different acid-etching or adhesive treatments on enzyme activity. Concentrations of 37% phosphoric acid or 10% phosphoric acid, two etch-and-rinse adhesive systems, and two self-etching adhesive systems were used as dentin powder treatments. The untreated mineralized dentin powder was set as the control. After treatment, the proteins of each group were extracted. The total cathepsin activity in the extracts of each group was monitored with a fluorescence reader.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the control group, there were no significant differences in cathepsin activity between the protein extract before EDTA treatment and the protein extract after EDTA treatment (p > 0.05). The cathepsin activities of the three different extracts in the 37% phosphoric acid-treated group were different from each other (p < 0.05). The two acid-etching groups and two etch-and-rinse groups showed significant enzyme activity reduction vs the control group (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences between those four groups (p > 0.05). Treating the dentin powder with any of the two self-etching adhesives resulted in an increase in cathepsin activity (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The activity of cysteine cathepsins can be detected in dentin powder. Treatment with EDTA during protein extraction exerted an influence on cathepsin activity. Acid etching or etch-and-rinse adhesive systems may reduce the activity of endogenous cathepsins in dentin. Self-etching adhesive systems may increase the enzyme activity.
authors.forename: Wenhao
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Weixiang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Shuyi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Kaibin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Weili
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Boli
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Guobin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental / Q000379:methods*; D002403:Cathepsins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000187:drug effects; D002863:Chromogenic Compounds; D057056:Cysteine Proteases / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods*; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000494:pharmacology; D003804:Dentin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006801:Humans; D007930:Leucine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D010756:Phosphoric Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C554641:Adper single bond 2; D002863:Chromogenic Compounds; C438313:Clearfil SE Bond; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors; D003738:Dental Cements; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D010756:Phosphoric Acids; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; C425843:Prime and Bond NT; D019279:Resin Cements; D004492:Edetic Acid; C030242:phosphoric acid; D002403:Cathepsins; D057056:Cysteine Proteases; D007930:Leucine; C024974:E 64