title: Upgrading carbon dioxide by incorporation into heterocycles.
abstract: Carbon dioxide is commonly regarded as the primary greenhouse gas, but from a synthetic standpoint can be utilized as an alternative and sustainable C1 synthon in organic synthesis rather than a waste. This results in the production of organic carbonates, carboxylic acids, and derivatives. Recently, CO2 has emerged as an appealing tool for heterocycle synthesis under mild conditions without using stoichiometric amounts of organometallic reducing reagents. This Minireview summarizes recent advances on methodologies for CO2 incorporation into N-, O-, and C-nucleophiles to provide various heterocycles, including cyclic carbamates, benzoxazine-2-one, 4-hydroxyquinolin-2-one, quinazoline-2,4(1 H,3 H)-diones, benzimidazolones, α-alkylidene cyclic carbonate.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 (PR China) http://nankaichemhe.com.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Liang-Nian
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D002264:Carboxylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D003500:Cyclization; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000737:chemistry; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002264:Carboxylic Acids; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D009584:Nitrogen; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: carbon dioxide; catalysis; heterocycles; sustainable chemistry; synthetic methods