title: Clinical Manifestations of IgG4-Related Disease in the Pharynx: Case Series and Review of the Literature.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this report is to characterize IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) as it is manifested in the head and neck and describe a series of patients with a rarely described presentation in laryngopharyngeal subsites.
  
  
  METHODS
  Here, we illustrate the presentation and clinical course of 3 patients with laryngopharyngeal manifestations of IgG4-RD, including the manner of diagnosis and effective treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three patients with laryngopharyngeal lesions were ultimately diagnosed with IgG4-RD after lengthy work-up. The diagnostic criteria and treatment protocols are explained.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IgG4-related disease is a fibroinflammatory disorder now described in almost every organ system. The head and neck regions are among the most common areas of involvement, however, reports of laryngopharyngeal involvement are rare. We also summarize current knowledge of this entity and discuss established diagnostic criteria and clinical findings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
authors.forename: Lindsay
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Reder
authors.affiliation: Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Unit of Medicine and Clinical Immunology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Emanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Della-Torre
authors.affiliation: Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: John H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Stone
authors.affiliation: Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Division of Laryngology and Center for Neurolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.affiliation: Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Division of Laryngology and Center for Neurolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA phillip_song@meei.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Phillip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Song
mesh_terms: D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000276:immunology*; D007828:Laryngoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010608:Pharyngeal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D010614:Pharynx / Q000473:pathology*; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D007074:Immunoglobulin G
keywords: IgG4-related disease; fibrosis; larynx; pharynx; rituximab