title: Infertility care and the introduction of new reproductive technologies in poor resource settings.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The overall prevalence of infertility was estimated to be 3.5-16.7% in developing countries and 6.9-9.3% in developed countries. Furthermore, according to reports from some regions of sub-Saharan Africa, the prevalence rate is 30-40%. The consequences of infertility and how it affects the lives of women in poor-resource settings, particularly in developing countries, has become an important issue to be discussed in reproductive health. In some societies, the inability to fulfill the desire to have children makes life difficult for the infertile couple. In many regions, infertility is considered a tragedy that affects not only the infertile couple or woman, but the entire family.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a position paper which encompasses a review of the needs of low-income infertile couples, mainly those living in developing countries, regarding access to infertility care, including ART and initiatives to provide ART at low or affordable cost. Information was gathered from the databases MEDLINE, CENTRAL, POPLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, and ICTRP with the key words: infertility, low income, assisted reproductive technologies, affordable cost, low cost.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There are few initiatives geared toward implementing ART procedures at low cost or at least at affordable cost in low-income populations. Nevertheless, from recent studies, possibilities have emerged for new low-cost initiatives that can help millions of couples to achieve the desire of having a biological child.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is necessary for healthcare professionals and policymakers to take into account these new initiatives in order to implement ART in resource-constrained settings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil. bahamond@caism.unicamp.br.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bahamondes
authors.forename: Maria Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Makuch
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003906:Developing Countries; D005191:Family Characteristics; D005260:Female; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006291:Health Policy; D006295:Health Resources / Q000191:economics; D006297:Health Services Accessibility / Q000191:economics; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000191:economics / Q000628:therapy*; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000191:economics / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D011204:Poverty Areas; D027724:Reproductive Techniques, Assisted / Q000191:economics