title: Robotic appendicovesicostomy revision in children: description of technique and initial results.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report our initial results of robotic appendicovesicostomy (APV) revision in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three patients (median age 6 years; range 6-13) underwent robot-assisted APV surgery for bladder dysfunction because of posterior urethral valves, myelomeningocele, and traumatic spinal cord transection. Leakage developed in each patient from the APV. After failing more conservative treatments, the patients subsequently underwent robot-assisted APV revision.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Robot-assisted APV revision was conducted at a median 14 months (range 6-34 mos) after initial surgery. Median operative time was 165 minutes (range 106-232 min), and blood loss was ≤5 mL for all patients. Intraoperative findings ranged from partial to complete separation of the APV from the bladder tunnel. APV leakage resolved for all patients at last follow-up (median 5 months; range 2-9 mos).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This initial series expands the scope of robotic surgical procedures in children. Robot-assisted APV revision was technically feasible and safe in this early experience.
authors.affiliation: 1 Division of Pediatric Urology, Children's Medical Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, Texas.
authors.forename: Paul H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Shuvro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: De
authors.forename: Patricio C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Gargollo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001065:Appendix / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D003559:Cystostomy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D061646:Operative Time; D012371:Robotics / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000601:surgery*; D014547:Urinary Diversion / Q000379:methods; D013520:Urologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods