title: Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using plant extracts as reducing agents.
abstract: Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) were prepared using four different plant extracts as reducing and stabilizing agents. The extracts were obtained from the following plants: Salvia officinalis, Lippia citriodora, Pelargonium graveolens and Punica granatum. The size distributions of the GNPs were measured using three different methods: dynamic light scattering, nanoparticle-tracking analysis and analysis of scanning electron microscopy images. The three methods yielded similar size distributions. Biocompatibility was examined by correlation of L-cell growth in the presence of different amounts of GNPs. All GNPs showed good biocompatibility and good stability for over 3 weeks. Therefore, they can be used for imaging and drug-delivery applications in the human body. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy was used to view the shapes of the larger GNPs, while infrared spectroscopy was employed to characterize the various functional groups in the organic layer that stabilize the particles. Finally, active ingredients in the plant extract that might be involved in the formation of GNPs are proposed, based on experiments with pure antioxidants that are known to exist in that plant.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel.
authors.forename: Paz
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Elia
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel.
authors.forename: Raya
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zach
authors.affiliation: Ilse Katz Institute of Nanotechnology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel.
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hazan
authors.affiliation: Ilse Katz Institute of Nanotechnology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel.
authors.forename: Sofiya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kolusheva
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel ; Division of Chemistry, Negev Nuclear Research Center Beersheba, Israel.
authors.forename: Ze'ev
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Porat
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel ; Division of Chemistry, Negev Nuclear Research Center Beersheba, Israel.
authors.forename: Yehuda
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zeiri
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D055772:Green Chemistry Technology / Q000379:methods*; D032411:Lippia / Q000737:chemistry; D029561:Lythraceae / Q000737:chemistry; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D010316:Particle Size; D031316:Pelargonium / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D027543:Salvia officinalis / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D006046:Gold
keywords: Lippia citriodora; Pelargonium graveolens; Punica granatum; Salvia officinalis; antioxidants; gold nanoparticles; size distribution; zeta potential