title: Analysis of the effect of repeated-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation at the Guangming point on electroencephalograms.
abstract: Here, we administered repeated-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation to healthy people at the left Guangming (GB37) and a mock point, and calculated the sample entropy of electroencephalo-gram signals using nonlinear dynamics. Additionally, we compared electroencephalogram sample entropy of signals in response to visual stimulation before, during, and after repeated-pulse tran-scranial magnetic stimulation at the Guangming. Results showed that electroencephalogram sample entropy at left (F3) and right (FP2) frontal electrodes were significantly different depending on where the magnetic stimulation was administered. Additionally, compared with the mock point, electroencephalogram sample entropy was higher after stimulating the Guangming point. When visual stimulation at Guangming was given before repeated-pulse transcranial magnetic stimula-tion, significant differences in sample entropy were found at five electrodes (C3, Cz, C4, P3, T8) in parietal cortex, the central gyrus, and the right temporal region compared with when it was given after repeated-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation, indicating that repeated-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation at Guangming can affect visual function. Analysis of electroencephalogram revealed that when visual stimulation preceded repeated pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation, sample entropy values were higher at the C3, C4, and P3 electrodes and lower at the Cz and T8 electrodes than visual stimulation followed preceded repeated pulse transcranial magnetic stimula-tion. The findings indicate that repeated-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation at the Guangming evokes different patterns of electroencephalogram signals than repeated-pulse transcranial mag-netic stimulation at other nearby points on the body surface, and that repeated-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation at the Guangming is associated with changes in the complexity of visually evoked electroencephalogram signals in parietal regions, central gyrus, and temporal regions.
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Province-Ministry Joint Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Field and Electrical Apparatus Reliability, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Lingdi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Province-Ministry Joint Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Field and Electrical Apparatus Reliability, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Yuehua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhai
authors.affiliation: Hebei College of Industry and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China.
authors.forename: Yanhua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
keywords: Guangming point; NSFC grant; acupuncture; acupuncture point; brain function; brain injury; complexity; electroencephalogram signals; magnetic stimulation; mock point; nerve regeneration; neural regeneration; nonlinear dynamics; sample entropy