title: Molecular Differences and Similarities Between Alzheimer's Disease and the 5XFAD Transgenic Mouse Model of Amyloidosis.
abstract: Transgenic (Tg) mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been extensively used to study the pathophysiology of this dementia and to test the efficacy of drugs to treat AD. The 5XFAD Tg mouse, which contains two presenilin-1 and three amyloid precursor protein (APP) mutations, was designed to rapidly recapitulate a portion of the pathologic alterations present in human AD. APP and its proteolytic peptides, as well as apolipoprotein E and endogenous mouse tau, were investigated in the 5XFAD mice at 3 months, 6 months, and 9 months. AD and nondemented subjects were used as a frame of reference. APP, amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides, APP C-terminal fragments (CT99, CT83, AICD), β-site APP-cleaving enzyme, and APLP1 substantially increased with age in the brains of 5XFAD mice. Endogenous mouse tau did not show age-related differences. The rapid synthesis of Aβ and its impact on neuronal loss and neuroinflammation make the 5XFAD mice a desirable paradigm to model AD.
authors.affiliation: The Longtine Center for Neurodegenerative Biochemistry, Banner Sun Health Research Institute Sun City, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Chera L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Maarouf
authors.affiliation: The Longtine Center for Neurodegenerative Biochemistry, Banner Sun Health Research Institute Sun City, AZ, USA. ; Department of Microbiology, Midwestern University School of Medicine, Glendale, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Tyler A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Kokjohn
authors.affiliation: The Longtine Center for Neurodegenerative Biochemistry, Banner Sun Health Research Institute Sun City, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Charisse M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Whiteside
authors.affiliation: The Longtine Center for Neurodegenerative Biochemistry, Banner Sun Health Research Institute Sun City, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: MiMi P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Macias
authors.affiliation: The Longtine Center for Neurodegenerative Biochemistry, Banner Sun Health Research Institute Sun City, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Walter M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Kalback
authors.affiliation: Roberts Clinical Center, Banner Sun Health Research Institute Sun City, AZ, USA. ; University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Marwan N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Sabbagh
authors.affiliation: Harold Civin Laboratory for Neuropathology, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Beach
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vassar
authors.affiliation: The Longtine Center for Neurodegenerative Biochemistry, Banner Sun Health Research Institute Sun City, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Alex E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Roher
keywords: AICD; Alzheimer’s disease; BACE1; amyloid precursor protein; presenilin; tau; transgenic mice