title: Modification of the postrotary nystagmus test for evaluating young children.
abstract: This article explores the use of the postrotary nystagmus (PRN) test for children younger than current norms (children 4.0 yr-8.11 yr). In the first study, 37 children ages 4-9 yr were examined in the standard testing position and in an adult-held adapted position to determine whether holding a child affected the reflex. Because the position did not affect the reflex, in the second study, PRN in 44 children ages 2 mo-47 mo was compared with published normative mean raw scores for 44 children age 5 yr to determine whether norms for older children were applicable to younger children. No statistically significant differences were found between <4-yr-old and 5-yr-old children, suggesting that the PRN test can be used in infants and toddlers with valid comparison to current norms for 4-yr-olds on the Sensory Integration and Praxis Tests (4.0 yr-8.11 yr). Future research exploring the predictive value of this measure is warranted.
authors.affiliation: Zoe Mailloux, OTD, OTR/L, FAOTA, is Adjunct Associate Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, Jefferson School of Health Professions, Thomas Jefferson University, and Professional and Program Development Consultant, 407 Camino de Encanto, Redondo Beach, CA 90277; zoemailloux@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Zoe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Mailloux
authors.affiliation: Marco Leão is Private Practitioner and Vice President, 7Senses, Integração Sensorial, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leão
authors.affiliation: Tracy Ann Becerra, PhD, MPH, OTR/L, is Research Associate, Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Redondo Beach, CA.
authors.forename: Tracy Ann
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Becerra
authors.affiliation: Annie Baltazar Mori, OTD, OTR/L, is Private Practitioner and Owner, PlaySense Therapy, Torrance, CA.
authors.forename: Annie Baltazar
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.affiliation: Elisabeth Soechting, MA, OTR/L, is Private Practitioner and Owner, SPIELSTUDIO Kindertherapie, Vienna, Austria, and PhD Candidate, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna.
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Soechting
authors.affiliation: Susanne Smith Roley, OTD, OTR/L, FAOTA, is Adjunct Clinical Faculty, Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles.
authors.forename: Susanne Smith
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Roley
authors.affiliation: Nicole Buss, OTD, OTR/L, is Private Practitioner, Palos Verdes, CA.
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Buss
authors.affiliation: Sharon A. Cermak, EdD, OTR/L, FAOTA, is Professor of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, USC, and Professor of Pediatrics, USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA.
authors.forename: Sharon A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Cermak
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D005133:Eye Movements; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012399:Rotation; D012678:Sensation Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014724:Vestibular Function Tests / Q000379:methods*