title: [Thyroid dysfunction in adults infected by human immunodeficiency virus].
abstract: Patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have a higher prevalence of thyroid dysfunction when compared with the general population. The most frequently observed manifestations are euthyroid sick syndrome, Graves' disease and subclinical hypothyroidism. The relationship between the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy and the increased prevalence of thyroid dysfunction has been demonstrated in several series of patients. Grave's disease is recognized as a consequence of immune restitution syndrome. Besides, several studies have suggested an association between hypothyroidism and the use of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, particularly stavudine and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors such as efavirenz. Further studies could provide additional evidence of the need for routine assessment of thyroid function in HIV-infected patients.
authors.affiliation: División Endocrinología, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina. E-mail: erikaabelleira@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Erika
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Abelleira
authors.forename: Graciela A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: De Cross
authors.forename: Fabián
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pitoia
mesh_terms: D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000009:adverse effects; D005067:Euthyroid Sick Syndromes / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D054019:Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D015995:Prevalence; D013959:Thyroid Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: HIV; antiretroviral therapy; hyperthyroidism; hypothyroidism; thyroid