title: Microbiological quality of indoor air in university libraries.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the concentration of bacteria and fungi in the indoor environment of Jimma University libraries, so as to estimate the health hazard and to create standards for indoor air quality control.
  
  
  METHODS
  The microbial quality of indoor air of eight libraries of Jimma University was determined. The settle plate method using open Petri-dishes containing different culture media was employed to collect sample twice daily. Isolates were identified according to standard methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The concentrations of bacteria and fungi aerosols in the indoor environment of the university libraries ranged between 367-2595 CFU/m(3). According to the sanitary standards classification of European Commission, almost all the libraries indoor air of Jimma University was heavily contaminated with bacteria and fungi. In spite of their major source difference, the average fungi density found in the indoor air of libraries did appear to follow the same trend with bacterial density (P=0.001). The bacteria isolates included Micrococcus sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Bacillus sp. and Neisseria sp. while Cladosporium sp., Alternaria sp., Penicillium sp. and Aspergillus sp. were the most isolated fungi.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The indoor air of all libraries were in the range above highly contaminated according to European Commission classification and the most isolates are considered as potential candidates involved in the establishment of sick building syndromes and often associated with clinical manifestations like allergy, rhinitis, asthma and conjunctivitis. Thus, attention must be given to control those environmental factors which favor the growth and multiplication of microbes in indoor environment of libraries to safeguard the health of users and workers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health Science and Technology, College of Public Health and Medical Science, Jimma University, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Samuel Fekadu
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Hayleeyesus
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health Science and Technology, College of Public Health and Medical Science, Jimma University, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Abayneh Melaku
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Manaye
keywords: Bacteria; Fungi; Indoor air; Microbiological assessment; Open-plate technique; Sedimentation technique