title: Animal models of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
abstract: Animal models of disease have always been welcomed by the scientific community because they provide an approach to the investigation of certain aspects of the disease in question. Animal models of COPD cannot reproduce the heterogeneity of the disease and usually only manage to represent the disease in its milder stages. Moreover, airflow obstruction, the variable that determines patient diagnosis, not always taken into account in the models. For this reason, models have focused on the development of emphysema, easily detectable by lung morphometry, and have disregarded other components of the disease, such as airway injury or associated vascular changes. Continuous, long-term exposure to cigarette smoke is considered the main risk factor for this disease, justifying the fact that the cigarette smoke exposure model is the most widely used. Some variations on this basic model, related to exposure time, the association of other inducers or inhibitors, exacerbations or the use of transgenic animals to facilitate the identification of pathogenic pathways have been developed. Some variations or heterogeneity of this disease, then, can be reproduced and models can be designed for resolving researchers' questions on disease identification or treatment responses.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Neumología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-CIBERES-UAM, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pérez-Rial
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Neumología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-CIBERES-UAM, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: Álvaro
authors.initials: Á
authors.lastname: Girón-Martínez
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Neumología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-CIBERES-UAM, Madrid, España. Electronic address: gpeces@fjd.es.
authors.forename: Germán
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Peces-Barba
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution
keywords: Animal model; Autoimmune; Autoinmune; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Emphysema; Enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica; Enfisema; Ensayos terapéuticos; Exacerbación; Exacerbation; Modelo animal; Smoking; Tabaco; Therapeutic assays; Transgenic animals; Transgénico