title: Successful control of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in a Korean university hospital: a 6-year perspective.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study evaluated the effect of infection control interventions on the incidence of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) in a tertiary hospital over a 6-year period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Multiple interventions, including cohorting, promotion of hand hygiene, active surveillance in the intensive care units, and environmental cleaning, were implemented from 2007 through 2009 (period 1). From 2009 through 2012 (period 2), infection control programs were enhanced by the introduction of an onsite education and hand hygiene campaign in preparation for hospital accreditation. To assess the efficacy of the infection control intervention programs, the nosocomial incidence density of CRAB, consumption of alcohol-based hand gel, and consumption of antimicrobials during the study period were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence density of CRAB increased from 0.35 to 0.46 per 1000 patient-days (PD) during period 1, but decreased to 0.06 per 1000 PD in period 2 (P = .011). The consumption of alcohol-based hand gel increased from 5.6 L to 11.9 L per 1000 PD during the study period (P < .001). There was a significant association between the incidence density of CRAB and carbapenem use (P = .008).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Education for infection control programs, hand hygiene campaign, and the judicious use of carbapenem may decrease the nosocomial incidence of CRAB.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, JinJu, Republic of Korea; Infection Control Office, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, JinJu, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Oh-Hyun
authors.initials: OH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Infection Control Office, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, JinJu, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Mi Hui
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Bak
authors.affiliation: Infection Control Office, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, JinJu, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Hwa
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ki-Ho
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, JinJu, Republic of Korea; Gyeongsang Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, JinJu, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sunjoo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, JinJu, Republic of Korea; Infection Control Office, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, JinJu, Republic of Korea; Gyeongsang Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, JinJu, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: ttezebae@gmail.com.
authors.forename: In-Gyu
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Bae
mesh_terms: D000151:Acinetobacter Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D040981:Acinetobacter baumannii / Q000187:drug effects*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015780:Carbapenems / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects*; D063373:Hand Hygiene / Q000379:methods; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D017053:Infection Control / Q000379:methods*; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D015780:Carbapenems
keywords: Education; Hand hygiene; Multidrug resistance