title: Relationship between polymorphism of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in a Chinese Dai population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The angiotensin-converting enzyme gene (ACE) is directly involved in the process of cancer cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and angiogenesis. It also plays a vital role in inducing liver fibrosis and developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between ACE insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism and the risk of HCC in a Chinese Dai population.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a study including 210 patients with HCC and 206 healthy controls in Yunnan Cancer Hospital between January 2012-January 2014. I/D genotypes of ACE were determined with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of DNA from peripheral blood leukocytes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ACE D allele was more frequent in the HCC cases than in the controls (51.7% vs 44.4%, p=0.036). Individuals with DD genotypes were associated with increased HCC risk compared with those with the II genotypes (odds ratio (OR), 1.911; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.081-3.379; p=0.025). However, the ACE I/D polymorphism were not significantly associated with any clinicopathological characteristics such as the tumor stage, serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level, and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The DD genotypes of ACE I/D polymorphism might contribute to the prediction of HCC risk in a Chinese Dai population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Abdominal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zha
authors.affiliation: Department of Abdominal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gan
authors.affiliation: Department of Abdominal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University China.
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Abdominal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University China ynzlfwk@sina.com.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D054643:INDEL Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C488034:ACE protein, human; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma; angiotensin-converting enzyme; polymorphism