title: Effect of preoperative statin therapy on postoperative acute kidney injury in patients undergoing major surgery: systemic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: We aimed to examine the association between preoperative use of statins and postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing major surgery by performing a systemic review and meta-analysis. MEDLINE and EMBASE, from inception to April 2013, and the reference lists of related articles were searched for relevant studies. Trials comparing preoperative statin therapy with no preoperative statin in patients undergoing major surgery were included. Outcome measures of interest were the risk of cumulative postoperative AKI and postoperative AKI requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT). Fixed or random effect meta-analysis was performed to derive summary effect estimates. In five randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 19 observational studies, comprising a total of 989 173 patients undergoing major surgery, 112 840 patients (11.41%) received preoperative statin therapy. The specific type, dosage, and duration of statin therapy were not available in most studies. Preoperative statin therapy was associated with a significant risk reduction for cumulative postoperative AKI (weighted summary odds ratio (OR) 0.87, 95% CI 0.79 to 0.95). The effect of risk reduction was also significant when considering postoperative AKI requiring RRT (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.72 to 0.90). When restricting the analysis to the five RCTs, preoperative statin therapy did not show significant protective effect on postoperative AKI (OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.22 to 1.09). In patients undergoing major surgery, preoperative statin therapy could associate with a reduced risk for postoperative AKI. However, considerable heterogeneity existed among included studies. Future randomized trials were warranted for this critical clinical question.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin Branch, Dou-Liou, Taiwan; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Szu-Yu
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Vin-Cent
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Tao-Min
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Hou-Chang
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: Wen-Je
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Kwan-Dun
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Chien-Chang
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D065840:Protective Factors; D017582:Renal Replacement Therapy; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
keywords: acute kidney injury; hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitor; surgery