title: The evolution of endoillumination.
abstract: Advances in endoillumination over the last decade have been numerous and were necessary to allow transition to smaller-gauge vitrectomy systems. Advances in light sources and their associated filters have resulted in safer, more powerful light sources that provide enough output to drive small fibers for 27-gauge surgery, chandeliers, and lighted instrumentation. Filtered light can also be used to enhance tissue visualization. This chapter will review the history and advances in light sources.
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor University of Toronto, St. Michaels Hospital, Director Toronto Retina Institute, Toronto, Ont., Canada.
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Chow
mesh_terms: D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D008029:Lighting / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000639:trends*; D014821:Vitrectomy / Q000379:methods*