title: The change in heat shock protein expression in avermectin induced neurotoxicity of the pigeon (Columba livia) both in vivo and in vitro.
abstract: The expression of heat shock proteins (Hsps) commonly increases to provide neuroprotection when brain tissues are under stress conditions. Residues of avermectins (AVMs) have neurotoxic effects on a number of non-target organisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of AVM exposure on the expression levels of Hsp 60, Hsp 70 and Hsp 90 for pigeon (Columba livia) neurons both in vivo and in vitro. The results showed that in general, the mRNA and protein levels of Hsps were increased in treated groups relative to control groups after AVM exposure for 30d, 60d and 90d in the cerebrum, cerebellum and optic lobe in vivo. However, AVM exposure had no significant effects on the transcription expression of Hsps for 90d in the optic lobe and decreased the translation expression of Hsps significantly for 90d in the optic lobe. In vitro, the LC50 of avermectin for King pigeon neurons is between 15μgL(-1) and 20μgL(-1). Following AVM (2.5-20μgL(-1)) exposure, the mRNA expression of the 3 Hsps was up-regulated to different degrees. Compared with the control groups, a significant decrease, a remarkable increase and a non-significant change was found in the protein expression of Hsp 60, Hsp 70 and Hsp 90 separately following AVM (2.5-20μgL(-1)) exposure. Based on these results, we conclude that AVM exposure can induce a protective stress response in pigeons by means of promoting the mRNA and protein expression of Hsps under in vivo and in vitro conditions, thus easing the neurotoxic effects of AVM to some extent.
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Daqing Normal College, Daqing 163712, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
authors.forename: Xian-Song
authors.initials: XS
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
authors.forename: Feng-Ping
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
authors.forename: Shuang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
authors.forename: Shi-Wen
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China. Electronic address: lishu@neau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Shu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D018834:Chaperonin 60 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010856:Columbidae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D007559:Ivermectin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000633:toxicity; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D018834:Chaperonin 60; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D007559:Ivermectin; C019264:avermectin
keywords: Avermectin; Brain tissue; Heat shock proteins; Neuron; Pigeon