title: The significant association of CCND1 genotypes with gastric cancer in Taiwan.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide. Due to the complex initiation and intricate progression mechanisms, early detection and effective treatment of gastric cancer are both difficult to achieve. The genetic polymorphisms encoding critical protein cyclin D1 (CCND1) to regulate cell cycle transition from G1 phase to S phase may determine the susceptibility of individuals to gastric cancer. The study aimed to examine the contribution of CCND1 genotypes to gastric cancer risk in Taiwan.
  
  
  METHODS
  The genotypes of CCND1 A870G (rs9344) and G1722C (rs678653) were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis among 358 gastric patients and 358 cancer-free controls, and the distribution of genotypic and allelic frequencies among the two groups were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed that there were significant differences between gastric cancer and control groups in the distribution of the genotypes (p=6.86×10(-4)) and allelic frequency (p=0.0016) in the CCND1 A870G genotype. In addition, individuals who carried the AG or GG genotype had 0.55- and 0.51-fold of odds ratios of developing gastric cancer compared to those who carried the AA genotype (95% confidence intervals [CI]=0.39-0.76 and 0.32-0.81, respectively). There was no such association of CCND1 G1722C with gastric cancer. Furthermore, there was an obvious interaction of the CCND1 A870G genotype with personal smoking habit on gastric cancer risk (p=0.0005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cell-cycle regulation may play a role in gastric cancer initiation and development and the CCND1 A870G genotype maybe a useful biomarker for detection of early gastric cancer.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaoshiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaoshiung, Taiwan, R.O.C. Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. Department of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Hsien-Wu
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. Department of Pharmacy, Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Chung-Yu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Chun-Kai
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Cheng-Hsi
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Yung-Hung
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.affiliation: Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Chin-Mu
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.affiliation: Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Chia-Wen
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Wen-Shin
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. artbau2@gmail.com datian@mail.cmuh.org.tw.
authors.forename: Da-Tian
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Bau
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012307:Risk Factors; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D013624:Taiwan
chemical_list: D019938:Cyclin D1
keywords: Cyclin D1; Taiwan; gastric cancer; genotype; polymorphism