title: Toxicology of antimicrobial nanoparticles for prosthetic devices.
abstract: Advances in nanotechnology are producing an accelerated proliferation of new nanomaterial composites that are likely to become an important source of engineered health-related products. Nanoparticles with antifungal effects are of great interest in the formulation of microbicidal materials. Fungi are found as innocuous commensals and colonize various habitats in and on humans, especially the skin and mucosa. As growth on surfaces is a natural part of the Candida spp. lifestyle, one can expect that Candida organisms colonize prosthetic devices, such as dentures. Macromolecular systems, due to their properties, allow efficient use of these materials in various fields, including the creation of reinforced nanoparticle polymers with antimicrobial activity. This review briefly summarizes the results of studies conducted during the past decade and especially in the last few years focused on the toxicity of different antimicrobial polymers and factors influencing their activities, as well as the main applications of antimicrobial polymers in dentistry. The present study addresses aspects that are often overlooked in nanotoxicology studies, such as careful time-dependent characterization of agglomeration and ion release.
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Tarìmbaro Municipio de Morelia, Michoacán, Meóxico.
authors.forename: Rosa Elvira
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Nuñez-Anita
authors.affiliation: Escuela Nacionalde Estudios Superiores, Universidad Nacional Autoónoma de Meóxico, Unidad Leoón, Leòn Guanajuato, Meóxico.
authors.forename: Laura Susana
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Acosta-Torres
authors.affiliation: Escuela Nacionalde Estudios Superiores, Universidad Nacional Autoónoma de Meóxico, Unidad Leoón, Leòn Guanajuato, Meóxico.
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vilar-Pineda
authors.affiliation: Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Ingenieria Campus Guanajuato, Instituto Politeócnico Nacional, Leòn Guanajuato, Meóxico.
authors.forename: Juan Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Martínez-Espinosa
authors.affiliation: Escuela Nacionalde Estudios Superiores, Universidad Nacional Autoónoma de Meóxico, Unidad Leoón, Leòn Guanajuato, Meóxico.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de la Fuente-Hernández
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Materiales Moleculares, Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autoónoma de Meóxico, Campus Juriquilla, Querètaro, Meóxico.
authors.forename: Víctor Manuel
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Castaño
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000633:toxicity*; D002460:Cell Line; D003778:Dentures; D006801:Humans; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000633:toxicity*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D051381:Rats; D018675:Toxicity Tests
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D001672:Biocompatible Materials
keywords: antifungal effect; cytotoxicity; dentistry; denture bases; genotoxicity; oxidative stress