title: Surgical treatment and outcome of cardiac cystic echinococcosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cardiac cystic echinococcosis (CE), or hydatid cyst is exceptionally uncommon. We review the experience of surgical treatment of cardiac CE.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-six patients (11 females; mean age, 28.9 ± 7.6 years) with cardiac CE undergoing surgical treatment from February 1978 to April 2013 were reviewed. The operative methods mainly included puncture-aspiration cystectomy, intact endocyst enucleation and total cyst resection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cardiac CE was located in the myocardium in 16 cases, pericardium in 8 and both myocardium and pericardium in 2. There were 21 cases with solitary hydatid cyst including at the left ventricle in 7, right ventricle in 5, right atrium in 2, interventricular septum in 1 and at the pericardium in 6; 5 cases were with multiple cysts. There was no operative mortality. All patients received albendazole postoperatively. The mean follow-up time was 68 ± 21 months (range 7-195 months) except for 4 who were lost to follow-up. There were three recurrences and one late death.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cardiac cystic echinococcosis (CE) remains a very infrequent zoonotic infection. Presenting symptoms of cardiac hydatid disease are variable depending on the size, number and location of the cyst. Echocardiography, corroborated with computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, affords the best diagnostic and follow-up confirmation. Surgical treatment is associated with a low morbidity and mortality, and the selection of proper technique is very important to completely remove the hydatid cyst and prevent recurrence. Postoperative oral antiparasitic therapy is necessary for a definitive cure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China yfheart@outlook.com.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Huo
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abudureheman
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: SongFeng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Xinjiang Key Lab of Fundamental Medical Research and Xinjiang Hydatid Clinical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wen
mesh_terms: D004443:Echinococcosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Cardiac; Exposure; Hydatid disease; Incisions; Myocardium; Pericardium; Surgery; Techniques