title: The use of a portable breath analysis device in monitoring type 1 diabetes patients in a hypoglycaemic clamp: validation with SIFT-MS data.
abstract: Monitoring blood glucose concentrations is a necessary but tedious task for people suffering from diabetes. It has been noted that breath in people suffering with diabetes has a different odour and thus it may be possible to use breath analysis to monitor the blood glucose concentration. Here, we evaluate the analysis of breath using a portable device containing a single mixed metal oxide sensor during hypoglycaemic glucose clamps and compare that with the use of SIFT-MS described in previously published work on the same set of patients. Outputs from both devices have been correlated with the concentration of blood glucose in eight volunteers suffering from type 1 diabetes mellitus. The results demonstrate that acetone as measured by SIFT-MS and the sensor output from the breath sensing device both correlate linearly with blood glucose; however, the sensor response and acetone concentrations differ greatly between patients with the same blood glucose. It is therefore unlikely that breath analysis can entirely replace blood glucose testing.
authors.affiliation: Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Walton
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pitts
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Knight
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hoashi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Turner
mesh_terms: D000096:Acetone / Q000032:analysis; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001944:Breath Tests / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D002138:Calibration; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000175:diagnosis*; D045853:Exhalation; D015309:Glucose Clamp Technique / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006801:Humans; D007477:Ions; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008875:Middle Aged; D018670:Monitoring, Ambulatory / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012015:Reference Standards; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007477:Ions; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds; D000096:Acetone