title: Utility of electrocorticography in the surgical treatment of cavernomas presenting with pharmacoresistant epilepsy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the general aspects of cavernomas and epilepsy and review the available literature on the utility of electrocorticography (ECoG) in cerebral cavernoma surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  We searched studies in PubMed, MedLine, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar (from January 1969 to December 2013) using the keywords "electrocorticography" or "ECoG" or "prognosis" or "outcome" and "cavernomas". Original articles that reported utility of ECoG in epilepsy surgery were included. Four review authors independently selected the studies, extracted data, and assessed the methodological quality of the studies using the recommendations of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, PRISMA guidelines, and Jadad Scale. A meta-analysis was not possible due to methodological, clinical, and statistical heterogeneity of included studies. We analysed six articles with a total of 219 patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most common surgical approach was lesionectomy using ECoG in the temporal lobe with Engel I outcome range from 72.7 to 100%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Small controlled studies suggest that ECoG-guided resection offers the best functional results in seizure control for subjects undergoing cavernoma surgery, especially in the temporal lobe.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Neurology, Neurosurgery Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico City, Medical Center ABC Santa Fe, Mexico City.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: San-Juan
authors.affiliation: Academy of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences of the Autonomous University of Juarez City, Chihuahua.
authors.forename: Iván Cesár
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Díaz-Nuñez
authors.affiliation: Academy of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences of the Autonomous University of Juarez City, Chihuahua.
authors.forename: Mónica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ojeda-Baldéz
authors.affiliation: Academy of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences of the Autonomous University of Juarez City, Chihuahua.
authors.forename: Víctor Armando
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Barajas-Juárez
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Neurology, Neurosurgery Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico City.
authors.forename: Iliana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: González-Hernández
authors.affiliation: Medical Center ABC Santa Fe, Mexico City, Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico City.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alonso-Vanegas
authors.affiliation: Comprehensive Epilepsy Center of Long Island. St. Charles Hospital, Port Jefferson, NY, USA.
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Anschel
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Sciences of the Health, University of Sonora, Sonora.
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Delgado de la Mora
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Sciences of the Health, University of Sonora, Sonora.
authors.forename: Ned Merari
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Davila-Avila
authors.affiliation: Academy of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences of the Autonomous University of Juarez City, Chihuahua.
authors.forename: Carlos Alfonso
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Romero-Gameros
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Neurology, Neurosurgery Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico City.
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vázquez-Gregorio
authors.affiliation: Superior School of Medicine. National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Axel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hernández-Ruíz
mesh_terms: D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods*; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D020786:Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D011379:Prognosis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: ECOG; EEG; cavernomas; electrocorticography; prognosis