title: Urinary monohydroxylated metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in children living in city and rural residences in Southern China.
abstract: Urinary 2-hydroxynaphthalene, 2-hydoxyfluorene, 9-hydroxyphenanthrene, 1-hydroxypyrene and 3-hydroxybenz[a]pyrene concentrations in 179 randomly selected voluntary students were determined in the Southern China, aged 14-16 and living in four areas with different levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil, water and ambient air. The excretion of 1-hydroxypyrene is significantly higher in students of the urban than in students of the rural, while there are no significant differences of urinary 2-hydroxynaphthalene, 2-hydoxyfluorene and 9-hydroxyphenanthrene between urban and rural children. Mean concentrations of 1-hydroxypyrene (0.54-0.80 μmol/mol creatinine) in the study are much higher than those in the children of Denmark, Germany, Spain, USA, Korea, Japan and Taiwan, and a little higher than those in the children of Ukraine and Thailand. Urinary 2-hydroxynaphthalene concentrations in the study are a little higher than those in the children of USA, and similar to that in non-occupational exposure residences in Korea. Urinary 9-hydroxyphenanthrene concentrations in China are much higher than those in the children of USA. Differences between children with smoking parents and non-smoking parents are not significant in the study.
authors.affiliation: a Electric Power Test Research Institute , Guangdong Power Grid Company , Guangzhou 510080 , Guangdong Province , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ruifang
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Yulian
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Wenbing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Guoying
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sheng
authors.forename: Jiamo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002681:China; D002947:Cities; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine*; D012424:Rural Population; D014505:Urban Population
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
keywords: 1-hydroxypyrene; biological monitoring; metabolite; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; urine