title: A review of standardized metabolic phenotyping of animal models.
abstract: Metabolic phenotyping of genetically modified animals aims to detect new candidate genes and related metabolic pathways that result in dysfunctional energy balance regulation and predispose for diseases such as obesity or type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview on the technologies available to monitor energy flux (food uptake, bomb calorimetry of feces and food, and indirect calorimetry) and body composition (qNMR, DXA, and MRI) in animal models for human diseases with a special focus on phenotyping methods established in genetically engineered mice. We use an energy flux model to illustrate the principles of energy allocation, describe methodological aspects how to monitor energy balance, and introduce strategies for data analysis and presentation.
authors.affiliation: German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany, jan.rozman@helmholtz-muenchen.de.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rozman
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Klingenspor
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hrabě de Angelis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D001823:Body Composition; D002153:Calorimetry, Indirect; D004063:Digestion; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004435:Eating; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D065569:Gastrointestinal Absorption; D006801:Humans; D010641:Phenotype; D014714:Vertebrates