title: Noninvasive 3-dimensional evaluation of periorbital asymmetry in isolated unilateral orbital floor fractures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The study was carried out to evaluate the degree of asymmetry between the injured and contralateral periorbital region in isolated orbital floor fractures after surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  The periorbital asymmetry of 35 patients with medium-sized orbital floor fractures that were surgically treated with alloplastic resorbable implants was evaluated and compared with that of a healthy control group using an optical 3-dimensional facial scanner. Distance measurements between facial surface landmarks, as well as volume measurements between the original image and an automatically generated mirror image, were performed using commercially available software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no statistically significant differences in the distance measurements (P > .05) and volume measurements (P > .05) within the groups or when the study group and control group were compared using the Student t test.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Alloplastic resorbable implants can restore medium defects of the orbital floor without significant periorbital asymmetry. Automatically constructed mirror images can be a helpful tool for detecting asymmetries in faces.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Facial Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany. Electronic address: amodabber@ukaachen.de.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Modabber
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Facial Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Räsch
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Mehrangiz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ghassemi
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Knobe
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Facial Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Marcus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gerressen
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Facial Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghassemi
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Majeed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rana
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Facial Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hölzle
mesh_terms: D020341:Absorbable Implants; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005146:Facial Asymmetry / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000295:instrumentation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009917:Orbital Fractures / Q000601:surgery*; D020273:Orbital Implants; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012984:Software