title: Short-term n-3 fatty acid supplementation but not aspirin increases plasma proresolving mediators of inflammation.
abstract: Resolution of inflammation is an active process involving specialized proresolving mediators (SPM) formed from the n-3 fatty acids. This study examined the effect of n-3 fatty acid supplementation and aspirin on plasma SPMs in healthy humans. Healthy volunteers (n = 21) were supplemented with n-3 fatty acids (2.4g/day) for 7 days with random assignment to take aspirin (300 mg/day) or placebo from day 5 to day 7. Blood was collected at baseline (day 0), day 5, and day 7. Plasma 18R/S-HEPE, E-series resolvins, 17R/S-HDHA, D-series resolvins, 14R/S-HDHA, and MaR-1 were measured by LC/MS/MS. At baseline concentrations of E- and D- series resolvins and the upstream precursors 18R/S-HEPE, 17R/S-HDHA ranged from 0.1nM to 0.2nM. 14R/S-HDHA was 3-fold higher than the other SPMs at baseline but MaR-1 was below the limit of detection. Supplementation with n-3 fatty acids significantly increased RvE1, 18R/S-HEPE, 17R/S-HDHA, and 14R/S-HDHA but not other SPMs. The addition of aspirin after 5 days of n-3 fatty acids did not affect concentrations of any SPM. N-3 fatty acid supplementation for 5 days results in concentrations of SPMs that are biologically active in healthy humans. Aspirin administered after n-3 fatty acids did not offer any additional benefit in elevating the levels of SPMs.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barden
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
authors.forename: Emilie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mas
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
authors.forename: Kevin D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Croft
authors.affiliation: Royal Perth Hospital Unit, and Western Australian Institute for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
authors.forename: Trevor A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Mori
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001241:Aspirin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood*; D007536:Isomerism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D001241:Aspirin
keywords: inflammation; n-3 fatty acids; protectins; resolvins