title: Cdk5-mediated phosphorylation of RapGEF2 controls neuronal migration in the developing cerebral cortex.
abstract: During cerebral cortex development, pyramidal neurons migrate through the intermediate zone and integrate into the cortical plate. These neurons undergo the multipolar-bipolar transition to initiate radial migration. While perturbation of this polarity acquisition leads to cortical malformations, how this process is initiated and regulated is largely unknown. Here we report that the specific upregulation of the Rap1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, RapGEF2, in migrating neurons corresponds to the timing of this polarity transition. In utero electroporation and live-imaging studies reveal that RapGEF2 acts on the multipolar-bipolar transition during neuronal migration via a Rap1/N-cadherin pathway. Importantly, activation of RapGEF2 is controlled via phosphorylation by a serine/threonine kinase Cdk5, whose activity is largely restricted to the radial migration zone. Thus, the specific expression and Cdk5-dependent phosphorylation of RapGEF2 during multipolar-bipolar transition within the intermediate zone are essential for proper neuronal migration and wiring of the cerebral cortex.
authors.affiliation: 1] Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China [2] Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China [3] State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: 1] Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China [2] Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China [3] State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Jacque P K
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Ip
authors.affiliation: 1] Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China [2] Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China [3] State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Amy K Y
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: 1] Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China [2] Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China [3] State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Nancy Y
authors.initials: NY
authors.lastname: Ip
mesh_terms: D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology* / Q000196:embryology*; D051360:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5 / Q000378:metabolism*; D018274:Electroporation; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000502:physiology*; D020662:Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D020662:Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C403525:RAPGEF2 protein, human; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D051360:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5; C495905:CDK5 protein, human