title: Senescence in adipose-derived stem cells and its implications in nerve regeneration.
abstract: Adult mesenchymal stem cells, specifically adipose-derived stem cells have self-renewal and multiple differentiation potentials and have shown to be the ideal candidate for therapeutic applications in regenerative medicine, particularly in peripheral nerve regeneration. Adipose-derived stem cells are easily harvested, although they may show the effects of aging, hence their potential in nerve repair may be limited by cellular senescence or donor age. Cellular senescence is a complex process whereby stem cells grow old as consequence of intrinsic events (e.g., DNA damage) or environmental cues (e.g., stressful stimuli or diseases), which determine a permanent growth arrest. Several mechanisms are implicated in stem cell senescence, although no one is exclusive of the others. In this review we report some of the most important factors modulating the senescence process, which can influence adipose-derived stem cell morphology and function, and compromise their clinical application for peripheral nerve regenerative cell therapy.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mantovani
authors.affiliation: Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Terenghi
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Valerio
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Magnaghi
keywords: DNA damage; Sirtuins; adipose-derived stem cell; aging; mitochondria; p38; p53; peripheral nervous system