title: The re-emergence of dengue virus in non-endemic countries: a case series.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dengue has been designated a major international public health problem by the World Health Organization. It is endemic in most tropical and sub-tropical countries, which are also popular tourist destinations. Travelers are at significant risk of acquiring the disease and also contribute to its spread to non-endemic countries where the vector is present. Children represent a particular susceptible category, since they have a higher risk than adults of developing severe dengue.
  
  
  METHODS
  We describe 3 cases of imported dengue fever in Italy in three children (two born in the Philippines and one of Bangladeshi ethnicity) who acquired dengue fever during a recent travel to Southeast Asia, initially not-recognized because of the low index of suspicion of physicians not working in dengue endemic areas. Clinical presentations, differential diagnosis and management of these children are presented and discussed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Due to global urbanization and increased air travel, it is nowadays important that physicians who practice outside of traditionally dengue endemic areas are adept at the recognition of potentially fatal reemerging infectious diseases such as dengue.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Catholic University A, Gemelli Hospital, L,go A, Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy. danilobuonsenso@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Danilo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Buonsenso
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Barone
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Onesimo
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Calzedda
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chiaretti
authors.forename: Piero
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Valentini
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D001459:Bangladesh / Q000208:ethnology; D002648:Child; D021821:Communicable Diseases, Emerging; D003715:Dengue / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology; D003716:Dengue Virus / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D010679:Philippines / Q000208:ethnology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012307:Risk Factors; D014195:Travel; D016896:Treatment Outcome