title: Effect of Chocobar Ice Cream Containing Bifidobacterium on Salivary Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli: A Randomised Controlled Trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effect of chocobar ice cream containing bifidobacteria on salivary mutans streptococci and lactobacilli.
  
  
  METHODS
  A double-blind, randomised controlled trial was conducted with 30 subjects (18 to 22 years of age) divided into 2 groups, test (chocobar ice cream with probiotics) and control (chocobar ice cream without probiotics). The subjects were instructed to eat the allotted chocobar ice cream once daily for 18 days. Saliva samples collected at intervals were cultured on Mitis Salivarius agar and Rogosa agar and examined for salivary mutans streptococci and lactobacilli, respectively. The Mann-Whitney U-test, Friedman and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used for statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Postingestion in the test group, a statistically significant reduction (p < 0.05) of salivary mutans streptococci was recorded, but a non-significant trend was seen for lactobacilli. Significant differences were was also observed between follow-ups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Short-term daily ingestion of ice cream containing probiotic bifidobacteria may reduce salivary levels of mutans streptococci in young adults.
authors.forename: Ramesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nagarajappa
authors.forename: Hemasha
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Daryani
authors.forename: Archana J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Sharda
authors.forename: Kailash
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Asawa
authors.forename: Mehak
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Batra
authors.forename: Sudhanshu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sanadhya
authors.forename: Gayathri
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ramesh
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D058491:Bacterial Load / Q000187:drug effects; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D001644:Bifidobacterium; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007054:Ice Cream / Q000382:microbiology; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D009910:Oral Hygiene; D010919:Placebos; D019936:Probiotics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012463:Saliva / Q000382:microbiology*; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects*; D014099:Toothbrushing / Q000379:methods; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D010919:Placebos