title: Neighbourhood and own social housing and early problem behaviour trajectories.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the roles of proportion of social rented housing in the neighbourhood ('neighbourhood social housing'), own housing being socially rented, and their interaction in early trajectories of emotional, conduct and hyperactivity symptoms. We tested three pathways of effects: family stress and maternal psychological distress, low quality parenting practices, and peer problems.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used data from 9,850 Millennium Cohort Study families who lived in England when the cohort children were aged 3. Children's emotional, conduct and hyperactivity problems were measured at ages 3, 5 and 7.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Even after accounting for own social housing, neighbourhood social housing was related to all problems and their trajectories. Its association with conduct problems and hyperactivity was explained by selection. Selection also explained the effect of the interaction between neighbourhood and own social housing on hyperactivity, but not why children of social renter families living in neighbourhoods with lower concentrations of social housing followed a rising trajectory of emotional problems. The effects of own social housing, neighbourhood social housing and their interaction on emotional problems were robust. Peer problems explained the association of own social housing with hyperactivity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neither selection nor the pathways we tested explained the association of own social housing with conduct problems, the association of neighbourhood social housing with their growth, or the association of neighbourhood social housing, own social housing and their interaction with emotional problems. Children of social renter families in neighbourhoods with a low concentration of social renters are particularly vulnerable to emotional problems.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology and Human Development, Institute of Education, University of London, 25 Woburn Square, London, WC1H 0AA, UK, e.flouri@ioe.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Eirini
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Flouri
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Midouhas
authors.forename: Konstantina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tzatzaki
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004739:England / Q000453:epidemiology; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006798:Housing / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology; D010067:Ownership / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology; D010379:Peer Group; D012111:Residence Characteristics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology