title: Oxidative stress and body composition in prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the role of body composition and oxidative stress measured by total thiol groups (TTG) levels in prostate specimens of patients affected by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or prostate cancer (PCa).
  
  
  METHODS
  From January 2011 to January 2013, a cohort of 150 consecutive male patients who underwent first prostate biopsy were enrolled. Twelve-core needle biopsy was performed as standard procedure, while twelve more needle tissue cores matched with the previous group were also collected for glutathione determination. After definitive diagnosis, measurement of glutathione was performed in the correspondent one matched prostatic sample where PCa or BPH were identified. A day after the prostatic biopsy, body composition was estimated by air plethysmography (BOD POD®).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant difference of TTG was observed in BPH and PCa patients; 34 nanomole (nmol) reagent sulfihydrylc (RSH)/ mg protein vs. 1.1 nmol RSH/ mg protein respectively (p<0.05). In BPH patients, a negative correlation was found between TTG and age (r=-0.46; p<0.05), while, in PCa patients, a positive correlation was observed between TTG and fat mass (FM) (r=0.76; p<0.01) and waist circumference (WC) (r=0.49; p<0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed TTG to be negatively associated with age (β-coefficient=-0.4; p<0.05) in BPH patients and positively with FM (β-coefficient=3.4; p<0.01) and WC (β-coefficient=2.7; p<0.05) in PCa patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Aging determines a progressive reduction of TTG in BPH patients, while in PCa subjects glutathione concentrations are significantly lower and FM and WC are associated with an unbalance of its levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Sebastiano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cimino
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Favilla
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy giorgioivan@virgilio.it.
authors.forename: Giorgio Ivan
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Galvano
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy Department of Stress Biology, Epigenetic and Biomarkers, Euro Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li Volti
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Ignazio
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Barbagallo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Health Products, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Salvatore Vincenzo
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Giofrè
authors.affiliation: Human and Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Chieti, Italy.
authors.forename: Nicolantonio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: D'Orazio
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: DI Rosa
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Madonia
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Morgia
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue; D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009929:Organ Size; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D005978:Glutathione
keywords: Benign prostatic hyperplasia; aging; fat mass; glutathione S-transferase; oxidative stress; prostate cancer