title: Vertical and horizontal trust at work as predictors of retirement intentions: the Finnish Public Sector Study.
abstract: This prospective cohort study aimed to examine the associations of trust towards the supervisor (vertical trust) and trust towards co-workers (horizontal trust) with retirement intentions. The participants were 14 840 women and men working in the municipal sector in 2000-12 (Finnish Public Sector Study). Trust (vertical trust towards the supervisor and horizontal trust towards co-workers) and retirement intentions were assessed in repeated surveys. Multivariable multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the association between baseline trust and retirement intentions at 3.7 years of follow-up. Demographic characteristics, health, psychological distress, health risk behaviors, personality factors, and psychosocial factors were included as covariates. Of the participants, 67.0% trusted their supervisor and 54.9% trusted their co-workers. Employees who trusted their supervisor (odds ratio (OR) 0.60, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.53-0.67) and employees who trusted their co-workers (odds ratio 0.62, 95% confidence interval 0.55-0.70) at baseline were less likely to have strong retirement intentions at follow-up compared to those who did not trust. These associations largely persisted after adjusting for all covariates and taking into account baseline retirement intentions. In conclusion, trust in the supervisor and co-workers predicted retirement intentions. These observational findings suggest that increasing trust in the workplace may contribute to lengthening working careers and preventing early retirement.
authors.affiliation: Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Development of Work and Organisations, Turku and Helsinki, Finland; Åbo Akademi University, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Muurinen
authors.affiliation: Åbo Akademi University, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Matti
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Laine
authors.affiliation: Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Development of Work and Organisations, Turku and Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Jaana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pentti
authors.affiliation: Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Development of Work and Organisations, Turku and Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Marianna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Virtanen
authors.affiliation: Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Development of Work and Organisations, Turku and Helsinki, Finland; University of Turku, Department of Behavioral Science and Philosophy, Psychology section, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Salo
authors.affiliation: Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Development of Work and Organisations, Turku and Helsinki, Finland; University College London, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, London, United Kingdom, and University of Helsinki, Institute of Behavioral Sciences, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Mika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kivimäki
authors.affiliation: Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Development of Work and Organisations, Turku and Helsinki, Finland; University of Turku, Department of Public Health, Turku, and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Jussi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vahtera
authors.affiliation: Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Development of Work and Organisations, Turku and Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Tuula
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oksanen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006608:Hierarchy, Social; D006801:Humans; D033182:Intention; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017150:Public Sector / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012179:Retirement / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D035502:Trust / Q000523:psychology; D014937:Work / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data