title: Effects of iodinated contrast agents on renal oxygenation level determined by blood oxygenation level dependent magnetic resonance imaging in rabbit models of type 1 and type 2 diabetic nephropathy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To evaluate the effects of contrast agents containing increasing concentrations of iodine on the renal oxygenation level determined by blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a rabbit model of diabetic nephropathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  BOLD-MRI was performed using saline or iodinated (I) contrast agents (200, 240, 300, 350 and 400 mg I/mL) at 1, 24, 48, and 72 h after experimentally inducing type 2 diabetic nephropathy in rabbits. Differences in renal oxygenation levels between type 1 and type 2 diabetic nephropathy were also assessed by BOLD-MRI after injecting 400 mg I/mL of contrast agent.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Contrast agents increased the R2* values of the renal cortex, outer medulla, and inner medulla to the maximum levels at 24 h. The R2* values then decreased to their lowest levels at 72 h. The R2* was highest following injection of 400 mg I/mL, especially in the outer medulla. The R2* values were not significantly different between types 1 and 2 diabetic nephropathy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Iodinated contrast agents had the greatest influence on renal outer medulla oxygenation level at 24 h in type 2 diabetic nephropathy, with the greatest effects observed at the 400 mg I/mL dose level. There were no differences in BOLD-MRI values between type 1 and type 2 diabetic nephropathy after administering the contrast agent at 400 mg I/mL.
authors.forename: Jia-huan
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, People's Republic of China. zhongguoyidarenke@163.com.
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Wen-Ge
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Hong-shan
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes