title: Anti tuberculosis drug resistance in west of iran.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Mycobacterium tuberculosis has developed resistance to antituberculosis drugs and becoming a major and alarming public health problem in worldwide. This study was aimed to determine antituberculosis drug resistance rate and to identify multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in West of Iran.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of 130 samples were included between December 2011 and July 2012 in the study from that 112 cases were M. tuberculosis. The proportional method was carried out according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute on Lowenstein-Jensen against isoniazid, rifampicin, streptomycin, ethambutol, pyrazinamide, para aminosalicylic acid, ethionamide, cycloserine (CYC). The microdilution method was carried out using 7H9 broth with 96 well-plates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From 112 isolates, resistance was observed to isoniazid 18 (16.07%), rifampicin 16 (14.28%), streptomycin 25 (22.32%), ethambutol 15 (13.39%), pyrazinamide 27 (24.10%), para aminosalicylic acid 19 (16.96%), CYC 4 (3.57%), and ethionamide 14 (12.5%) cases. 16 isolates were MDR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The high prevalence of MDR-TB in our study is assumed to be due to recent transmission of drug-resistant strains. Overall, the rate of drug resistance in our study was high, which is in line with findings of some high-burden countries. Hence that early case detection, rapid drug susceptibility testing, and effective anti-TB treatment is necessary.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
authors.forename: Parviz
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mohajeri
authors.affiliation: Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
authors.forename: Baharak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Norozi
authors.affiliation: West Tuberculosis Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Atashi
authors.affiliation: Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
authors.forename: Abbas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Farahani
keywords: Drug-resistant; MDR; Mycobacterium tuberculosis