title: Relationship Between Urinary Concentrations of Nine Water-soluble Vitamins and their Vitamin Intakes in Japanese Adult Males.
abstract: Excess water-soluble vitamins are thought to be eliminated in the urine. We have reported a strong relationship between water-soluble vitamin intake and urinary excretion in females. The relationship, however, is not well understood in males. In the present experiment, 10 Japanese male subjects were given a standard Japanese diet for the first week. The subjects remained on the same diet, and a synthesized water-soluble vitamin mixture containing one time the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) for Japanese was given for the second week, three times the DRIs for the third week, and six times the DRIs for the fourth week. Twenty-four-hour urine samples were collected each week. Urinary excretion levels for seven of the nine water-soluble vitamin levels, excluding vitamin B12 and folate, increased linearly and sharply in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that measuring urinary water-soluble vitamins can be good nutritional markers for assessing vitamin intakes in humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, School of Human Cultures, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone, Shiga, Japan.
authors.forename: Katsumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, School of Human Cultures, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone, Shiga, Japan.
authors.forename: Junko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hirose
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, School of Human Cultures, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone, Shiga, Japan.
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukuwatari
keywords: biomarker; blood; human; urine; water-soluble vitamins