title: Middle ear cholesteatoma treated with a mastoidectomy: a systematic review of the measures used.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The inconsistent measures used to report outcomes after mastoidectomy to treat cholesteatoma make it impossible for clinicians to compare results and apply them appropriately to patient care. We sought to identify and assess the type and relative frequency of the reported measures.
  
  
  METHODS
  PubMed, EMBASE, the Web of Science.
  
  
  METHODS
  We searched 3 independent databases for articles that reported outcomes of middle ear cholesteatoma treated with mastoidectomy. Articles were assessed for eligibility using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol and data were extracted by 2 independent investigators. Observational studies and randomized controlled trials from the past 30 years were included. Articles with less than 50 subjects and nonsurgical studies were excluded. The measures used by each study were recorded, and the relative frequency of each measure was calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-three of 380 articles met criteria. Time to follow up was inconsistent. Most articles reported on preoperative qualitative parameters (77%); however, few reported on the severity of disease (19%) or formally staged the disease (12%). Not all studies reported on the presence of recurrent or residual disease (88%) or the postoperative audiogram results (70%). Only 12% presented results as a Kaplan-Meier disease-free curve. Most studies reported on complications (70%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Reported measures were inconsistent among the studies, which makes comparisons between studies unreliable. Standardization will optimize future reporting and will allow for the establishment of best practices.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA nivmor73@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Niv
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mor
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Dina A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Finkel
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Matthew B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Hanson
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Richard M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Rosenfeld
mesh_terms: D018424:Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008416:Mastoid / Q000601:surgery*; D013506:Otologic Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: cholesteatoma; mastoidectomy; measures; outcomes