title: External Validity of ADHD Inattention and Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Dimensions in Spanish Children With ADHD.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Few studies have examined whether separate dimensions of Sluggish Cognitive Tempo (SCT)-inconsistent alertness and slowness-have different external correlates from each other as well as symptoms of ADHD inattention (ADHD-IN).
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were 131 Spanish children (ages 6-16; 72% boys) diagnosed with ADHD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In regression analyses, ADHD-IN was positively associated with hyperactivity/impulsivity, conduct problems, defiance/aggression, anxiety, peer relations problems, and learning problems. SCT-inconsistent alertness was positively associated with hyperactivity/impulsivity and peer relations problems. In contrast, SCT-slowness was negatively associated with hyperactivity/impulsivity and conduct problems and positively associated with depression and learning problems. Results were consistent after controlling for depression, medication status, and sex.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings support SCT to be a construct with two dimensions that have unique correlates relative to each other as well as ADHD-IN. Future research on SCT should separate these dimensions of SCT to provide a better understanding of the construct.
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fenollar Cortés
authors.affiliation: 2 University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
authors.forename: Mateu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Servera
authors.affiliation: 3 Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Stephen P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.affiliation: 4 Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.
authors.forename: G Leonard
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Burns
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000374:Aggression / Q000523:psychology; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology; D001288:Attention; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology*; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D006948:Hyperkinesis / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology; D007175:Impulsive Behavior; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012919:Social Behavior
keywords: ADHD; academic functioning; comorbidity; sluggish cognitive tempo; social performance