title: Transgenerational left ventricular hypertrophy and hypertension in offspring after uteroplacental insufficiency in male rats.
abstract: Epidemiological studies have shown an association between low birthweight and adult disease development with transmission to subsequent generations. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of intrauterine growth restriction in rats, induced by uteroplacental insufficiency, on cardiac structure, number, size, nuclearity, and adult blood pressure in first (F1) and second (F2) generation male offspring. Uteroplacental insufficiency or sham surgery was induced in F0 Wistar-Kyoto pregnant rats in late gestation giving rise to F1 restricted and control offspring, respectively. F1 control and restricted females were mated with normal males, resulting in F2 control and restricted offspring, respectively. F1 restricted male offspring were significantly lighter at birth (P < 0.05), but there were no differences in birthweight of F2 offspring. Left ventricular weights and volumes were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in F1 and F2 restricted offspring at day 35. Left ventricular cardiomyocyte number was not different in F1 and F2 restricted offspring. At 6 months-of-age, F1 and F2 restricted offspring had elevated blood pressure (8-15 mmHg, P < 0.05). Our findings demonstrate the emergence of left ventricular hypertrophy and hypertension, with no change in cardiomyocyte number, in F1 restricted male offspring, and this was transmitted to the F2 offspring. The findings support transgenerational programming effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia.
authors.forename: Jordanna S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Master
authors.forename: Monika A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Zimanyi
authors.forename: Kom V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Karen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Moritz
authors.forename: Linda A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Gallo
authors.forename: Melanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tran
authors.forename: Mary E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Wlodek
authors.forename: Mary J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Black
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001724:Birth Weight / Q000502:physiology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000196:embryology / Q000254:growth & development; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size / Q000502:physiology; D021041:Placental Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D010927:Placental Insufficiency / Q000503:physiopathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY; D012727:Sex Characteristics
keywords: blood pressure; cardiomyocyte number; growth restriction; left ventricular hypertrophy; transgenerational transmission