title: Strategies to combat auditory overload during vehicular command and control.
abstract: Strategies to combat auditory overload were studied. Normal-hearing males were tested in a sound isolated room in a mock-up of a military land vehicle. Two tasks were presented concurrently, in quiet and vehicle noise. For Task 1 dichotic phrases were delivered over a communications headset. Participants encoded only those beginning with a preassigned call sign (Baron or Charlie). For Task 2, they agreed or disagreed with simple equations presented either over loudspeakers, as text on the laptop monitor, in both the audio and the visual modalities, or not at all. Accuracy was significantly better by 20% on Task 2 when the equations were presented visually or audiovisually. Scores were at least 78% correct for dichotic phrases presented over the headset, with a right ear advantage of 7%, given the 5 dB speech-to-noise ratio. The left ear disadvantage was particularly apparent in noise, where the interaural difference was 12%. Relatively lower scores in the left ear, in noise, were observed for phrases beginning with Charlie. These findings underscore the benefit of delivering higher priority communications to the dominant ear, the importance of selecting speech sounds that are resilient to noise masking, and the advantage of using text in cases of degraded audio.
authors.affiliation: Individual Behaviour and Performance Section, Defence Research and Development Canada; Toronto Research Centre, 1133 Sheppard Avenue West, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M3K 2C9.
authors.forename: Sharon M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Abel
authors.affiliation: Human Systems Integration Section, Defence Research and Development Canada; Toronto Research Centre, 1133 Sheppard Avenue West, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M3K 2C9.
authors.forename: Geoffrey
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.affiliation: Individual Behaviour and Performance Section, Defence Research and Development Canada; Toronto Research Centre, 1133 Sheppard Avenue West, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M3K 2C9.
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.affiliation: Individual Behaviour and Performance Section, Defence Research and Development Canada; Toronto Research Centre, 1133 Sheppard Avenue West, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M3K 2C9.
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001309:Auditory Threshold; D004007:Dichotic Listening Tests; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008889:Military Personnel; D018986:Motor Vehicles; D009622:Noise; D013067:Speech Perception