title: Alkali and alkaline earth metallic (AAEM) species leaching and Cu(II) sorption by biochar.
abstract: Alkali and alkaline earth metallic (AAEM) species water leaching and Cu(II) sorption by biochar prepared from two invasive plants, Spartina alterniflora (SA) and water hyacinth (WH), were explored in this work. Significant amounts of Na and K can be released (maximum leaching for Na 59.0 mg g(-1) and K 79.9 mg g(-1)) from SA and WH biochar when they are exposed to contact with water. Cu(II) removal by biochar is highly related with pyrolysis temperature and environmental pH with 600-700 °C and pH of 6 showing best performance (29.4 and 28.2 mg g(-1) for SA and WH biochar). Cu(II) sorption exerts negligible influence on Na/K/Mg leaching but clearly promotes the release of Ca. Biochars from these two plant species provide multiple benefits, including nutrient release (K), heavy metal immobilization as well as promoting the aggregation of soil particles (Ca) for soil amelioration. AAEM and Cu(II) equilibrium concentrations in sorption were analyzed by positive matrix factorization (PMF) to examine the factors underlying the leaching and sorption behavior of biochar. The identified factors can provide insightful understanding on experimental phenomena.
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No. 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China.
authors.forename: Mi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No. 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China.
authors.forename: Zhenjun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No. 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No. 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China. Electronic address: qliu@shu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Engineering Research Center of Biomass Materials (SWUST), Ministry of Education, No. 59 Qinglong Road, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China.
authors.forename: Yaping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No. 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China.
authors.forename: Jizhi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No. 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China. Electronic address: grqian@shu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Guangren
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Qian
mesh_terms: D002606:Charcoal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D003300:Copper / Q000378:metabolism*; D031806:Eichhornia / Q000737:chemistry; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods*; D058865:Introduced Species; D008672:Metals, Alkali / Q000378:metabolism*; D008673:Metals, Alkaline Earth / Q000378:metabolism*; D006109:Poaceae / Q000737:chemistry; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D008672:Metals, Alkali; D008673:Metals, Alkaline Earth; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C540010:biochar; D002606:Charcoal; D003300:Copper
keywords: Alkali and alkaline earth metallic (AAEM) species; Biochar; Cu sorption; Positive matrix factorization (PMF); Water leaching