title: 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural from wine-processed Fructus corni inhibits hippocampal neuron apoptosis.
abstract: Previous studies have shown that 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, a compound extracted from wine-processed Fructus corni, has a protective effect on hippocampal neurons. The present study was designed to explore the related mechanisms. Our study revealed that high and medium doses (10, 1 μmol/L) of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural could improve the morphology of H2O2-treated rat hippocampal neurons as revealed by inverted phase-contrast microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. MTT results showed that incubation with high and medium doses of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural caused a significant increase in the viability of neuronal cells injured by H2O2. Flow cytometry assays firmed that H2O2 could induce cell apoptosis, while high and medium doses of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural had a visible protective effect on apoptotic rat hippocampal neurons. Real-time PCR and western blot analysis showed that high and medium doses of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural prevented H2O2-induced up-regulation of p53, Bax and caspase-3 and an-tagonized the down-regulation of Bcl-2 induced by H2O2 treatment. These results suggested that 5-hydroxymethylfurfural could inhibit apoptosis of cultured rat hippocampal neurons injured by H2O2 via increase in Bcl-2 levels and decrease in p53, Bax and caspase-3 protein expression levels.
authors.affiliation: College of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Hai
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: College of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Zequn
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: College of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Mingyan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Haiying
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: College of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Fengming
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: College of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Baochang
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: College of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhan
keywords: 5-hydroxymethylfurfural; Fructus corni; apoptosis; grants-supported paper; hippocampus; neural regeneration; neurodegenerative disease; neuron; neuroregeneration; oxidative stress; traditional Chinese medicine