title: Effects of early and late adverse experiences on morphological characteristics of Sprague-Dawley rat liver subjected to stress during adulthood.
abstract: The literature indicates that early rupture of the maternal bond and social isolation are variables involved in social and emotional behaviors and in increase in anxiety, particularly in stressful situations. The liver plays a role in the adaptation to stress, yet the possible morphologic changes that its structure can suffer have been studied very little. Therefore, the aim here was to ascertain, through the model of altering the early mother-infant bond and the late social bond through isolation, the effect on the stereologic characteristics of the liver in adult Sprague-Dawley rats subjected to intermittent chronic stress. Twenty-five newborn female rats were used, distributed into 5 groups, under standardized lactation and feeding conditions. The experimental groups were exposed to early (E1), late (E2), and early-late (E3) adverse experiences and then subjected to intermittent chronic stress in adulthood. The liver of each animal was isolated, and the stereologic characteristics of Nv, Vv, and Sv of the hepatocytes were determined. The results from the experimental groups were significantly higher than those obtained in the control groups. The highest values were found in group E3 (Nv = 4.43 ± 0.89 x 10(5)/mm(3), Vv = 68.74 ± 2.01%, Sv = 68.78 ± 3.77 mm(2)/mm(3)). Considering these results, the hepatic morphology can be affected by exposure to chronic stress; however, when the individuals have been subjected to previous adverse experiences, the changes are more evident.
authors.affiliation: Doctoral Program in Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera Temuco, Chile ; Universidad de Tarapacá Arica, Chile.
authors.forename: Bélgica
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vásquez
authors.affiliation: CIMA Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de La Frontera Temuco, Chile.
authors.forename: Cristian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sandoval
authors.affiliation: Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo São Paulo, Brasil.
authors.forename: Ricardo Luiz
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera Temuco, Chile ; Center of Research in Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile Temuco, Chile.
authors.forename: Mariano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: del Sol
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D005260:Female; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012934:Social Isolation; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications*
keywords: Adverse experience; liver; morphology; rat; stress