title: Identification of phenylpropanoids in fig (Ficus carica L.) leaves.
abstract: In this study, the phenylpropanoid composition and antioxidant activity of identified components in fig (Ficus carica L.) leaves were examined. Known polyphenols rutin, isoschaftoside, isoquercetin, and chlorogenic acid were identified. Furthermore, caffeoylmalic acid (CMA) was the most abundant polyphenol and was identified for the first time. CMA exhibited antioxidant activity similar to that of vitamin C or catechin. Psoralen and bergapten were identified as known furanocoumarins, with psoralen being the most abundant. Moreover, psoralic acid glucoside (PAG) was identified for the first time. As a precursor of psoralen, PAG content was equivalent to the psoralen content in moles. Notably, the content of these compounds varied between the five fig varieties, and the furanocoumarin and PAG contents varied more than that of the polyphenols. Further investigations concerning the influence of CMA and PAG on human health are necessary to elucidate functionalities of fig leaves.
authors.affiliation: Toyo Institute of Food Technology , 23-2, 4-chome, Minami-Hanayashiki, Kawanishi, Hyogo 666-0026, Japan.
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Aya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Okiura
authors.forename: Keita
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kohno
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry; D030681:Ficus / Q000737:chemistry*; D058870:Food, Organic / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010666:Phenylpropionates / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010666:Phenylpropionates; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Ficus carica; antioxidant; caffeoylmalic acid; fig; furanocoumarin; leaf; polyphenol; radical scavenging activity