title: Manikin model with breathing tube for wire-guided percutaneous cricothyrotomy in patients applying an intermaxillary fixation.
abstract: Jaw fracture surgery or orthognathic surgery usually involves the application of an intermaxillary fixation (IMF). Obstructions that cannot be relieved by suction require an immediate release of IMF wires, but releasing the IMF may damage the surgical alignment of the facial bones. The mean time taken to release the jaws was an average of 2 minutes 9 seconds by hospital staff involved in caring for these patients. The aims of this study were to introduce a training model for wire-guided percutaneous cricothyrotomy in the patients applying an IMF and to perform the procedure for medical students. Our model consisted of a facial mannequin, a plastic breathing tube, 2 rolls of tapes, and a reservoir bag. The inner parts of the 2 used rolls of tape represent tracheal/cricoid rings (1-inch width for thyroid and half-inch width for cricoid), and the space between them represents the cricothyroid membrane, which is wrapped with Peha-Haft. A surgeon demonstrated the technique on the model, and then, 60 medical students who had never attended airway-training courses applied the Melker cricothyrotomy kit on the model. All 60 students completed the procedure successfully. The mean (SD) time needed to insert a cricothyrotomy catheter of the medical students was 175 (50) seconds (range, 76-297 s). Most of the students (54; 90%) performed it within 4 minutes; more than half (33; 55%), within 3 minutes. With our manikin model and Melker cricothyrotomy kit, 60 medical students completed the procedure successfully. This model can be useful to cricothyrotomy training for medical personnel.
authors.affiliation: From the *Department of Plastic Surgery, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea; and †Peninsula Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Han Joon
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yoo Chan
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yong Soon
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Se Won
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Hwang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000402:Airway Obstruction / Q000601:surgery; D002404:Catheterization / Q000295:instrumentation; D003413:Cricoid Cartilage / Q000601:surgery*; D004106:Dilatation / Q000295:instrumentation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000295:instrumentation; D019248:Jaw Fixation Techniques; D008297:Male; D008348:Manikins; D009339:Needles; D061646:Operative Time; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000379:methods; D013337:Students, Medical; D013664:Teaching Materials; D013957:Thyroid Cartilage / Q000601:surgery*; D013997:Time Factors; D014139:Tracheostomy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D014140:Tracheotomy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D055815:Young Adult