title: Effects of avermectin on microsomal cytochrome P450 enzymes in the liver and kidneys of pigeons.
abstract: Residues of avermectin (AVM) drugs have toxic effects on non-target organisms. Analyses of cytochrome P450 enzymes are among the most frequently employed indicators in pharmacology and toxicology studies. In this study, the responses of cytochrome P450 enzymes and pathological changes in the liver and kidney tissues of King pigeons (Columba livia) following subchronic exposure to avermectin for 30, 60 and 90d were investigated. Dose- and time-dependent decreases in the activities of P450 enzymes (i.e., aminopyrine-N-demethylase, erythromycin N-demethylase, aniline 4-hydroxylase and NADPH-cytochrome C reductase) and down-regulation of the P450 and b5 contents were observed. The microscopic structures were clearly altered, the severity of these alterations increased with the concentration of AVM and the exposure time. These results imply that AVM can inhibit the P450 enzyme systems in the liver and kidney tissues of pigeons. This research provides insight into the safe use of AVM and a comprehensive evaluation of the toxicological effects of AVM in birds.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
authors.forename: Wen-Jun
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
authors.forename: Zi-Wei
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
authors.forename: Xian-Song
authors.initials: XS
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
authors.forename: Shi-Wen
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; College of Life Science, Daqing Normal University, Daqing 163712, PR China. Electronic address: limingjinwen@126.com.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China. Electronic address: lishu@neau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Shu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000633:toxicity*; D010856:Columbidae / Q000378:metabolism*; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000378:metabolism*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D007559:Ivermectin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000633:toxicity; D007668:Kidney / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology*; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology*; D008861:Microsomes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000871:Anthelmintics; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D007559:Ivermectin; C019264:avermectin; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
keywords: Avermectin; Cytochrome P450 enzyme; Pigeon