title: Cystitis glandularis: A controversial premalignant lesion.
abstract: Cystitis glandularis (CG) has been hypothesized as a potential precursor of adenocarcinoma, although this remains controversial. The present study reports data accumulated from 166 cases of cystitis glandularis with follow-up periods ranging between 0.5 and 17 years. The association between intestinal and typical CG and bladder carcinoma was retrospectively evaluated. The patients included in the present study had presented with typical (n=155) or intestinal (n=11) CG between 1994 and 2010. Of those patients, concurrent carcinoma of the bladder was identified in 15 (9.0%) patients, including two cases of squamous cell carcinoma and 1 case of sarcoma. The cases of carcinoma were identified either prior to or concurrently with the diagnosis of CG. Follow-up was available for 9/11 (81.8%) patients with intestinal CG. Nine months following transurethral fulguration, 8/11 (72.7%) patients were in complete remission and 1/11 (9.1%) complained of urgency and dysuria; two patients were lost to follow-up. The follow-up of the patients ranged from 0.7 to 4.5 years (median, 2.67 years; mean, 2.82 years). No evidence of subsequent carcinoma was identified in any of the patients during the follow-up of the intestinal and typical CG groups. In addition, there was no evidence of carcinoma subsequent to CG in either of the typical or intestinal CG groups. The results did not support that CG increases the future risk of malignancy in the short term and repeated cystoscopies over a short period of time are not recommended.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University and Guangxi Cancer Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xianlin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University and Guangxi Cancer Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Haoyuan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yuexian
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University and Guangxi Cancer Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University and Guangxi Cancer Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Qinggui
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University and Guangxi Cancer Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jiweng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University and Guangxi Cancer Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Emergency Department, Jingzhou Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong, Wuhan, Hubei 432020, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Fengxue
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Rubiao
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ou
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Shaojun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University and Guangxi Cancer Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xianzhong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Keji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Xie
keywords: bladder; carcinoma; cystitis