title: (11)C-methinine uptake correlates with MGMT promoter methylation in nonenhancing gliomas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Several studies have aimed to detect biomarkers in glioma using noninvasive imaging techniques. However, few studies have been able to image 1p/19q deletion by (11)C-methionine positron emission tomography ((11)C-methionine PET) or 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). This study examines the correlation between (11)C-methionine uptake and MGMT promoter methylation in grade II and grade III nonenhancing gliomas.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data was collected from 20 patients with grade II and III nonenhancing gliomas who underwent both MRI and (11)C-methionine PET as part of their pre-surgical examination. We examined MGMT promoter methylation by quantitative methylation-specific PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean MGMT promoter methylation for tumors with T/N ratios ≥1.6 was 28.0±26.3, and that for tumors with T/N ratios <1.6 was 0.68±0.89. The MGMT promoter methylation for tumors with T/N ratios ≥1.6 was significantly higher than that for tumors with T/N ratios <1.6 (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A higher uptake in (11)C-methionine PET may reflect increased MGMT promoter methylation. (11)C-methionine PET could be a useful tool to detect MGMT promoter methylation in nonenhancing glioma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, 2-1-14 Hoenzaka, Chuo-ku, Osaka City 540-0006, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okita
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, 2-1-14 Hoenzaka, Chuo-ku, Osaka City 540-0006, Japan. Electronic address: nonakamasa65@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nonaka
authors.affiliation: Division of Stem Cell Research, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, 2-1-14 Hoenzaka, Chuo-ku, Osaka City 540-0006, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shofuda
authors.affiliation: Division of Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, 2-1-14 Hoenzaka, Chuo-ku, Osaka City 540-0006, Japan.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kanematsu
authors.affiliation: Division of Stem Cell Research, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, 2-1-14 Hoenzaka, Chuo-ku, Osaka City 540-0006, Japan.
authors.forename: Ema
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yoshioka
authors.affiliation: Department of Central Laboratory and Surgical Pathology, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, 2-1-14 Hoenzaka, Chuo-ku, Osaka City 540-0006, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kodama
authors.affiliation: Department of Central Laboratory and Surgical Pathology, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, 2-1-14 Hoenzaka, Chuo-ku, Osaka City 540-0006, Japan.
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mano
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, 2-1-14 Hoenzaka, Chuo-ku, Osaka City 540-0006, Japan.
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, 2-1-14 Hoenzaka, Chuo-ku, Osaka City 540-0006, Japan; Division of Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, 2-1-14 Hoenzaka, Chuo-ku, Osaka City 540-0006, Japan.
authors.forename: Yonehiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kanemura
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D015254:DNA Modification Methylases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005910:Glioma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008715:Methionine / Q000494:pharmacology; D008875:Middle Aged; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D008715:Methionine; D015254:DNA Modification Methylases; C515491:MGMT protein, human; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes
keywords: (11)C-methionine positron emission tomography; Gliomas; MGMT promoter methylation