title: Two-compartmental population balance modeling of a pulsed spray fluidized bed granulation based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis.
abstract: In this work a two-compartmental population balance model (TCPBM) was proposed to model a pulsed top-spray fluidized bed granulation. The proposed TCPBM considered the spatially heterogeneous granulation mechanisms of the granule growth by dividing the granulator into two perfectly mixed zones of the wetting compartment and drying compartment, in which the aggregation mechanism was assumed in the wetting compartment and the breakage mechanism was considered in the drying compartment. The sizes of the wetting and drying compartments were constant in the TCPBM, in which 30% of the bed was the wetting compartment and 70% of the bed was the drying compartment. The exchange rate of particles between the wetting and drying compartments was determined by the details of the flow properties and distribution of particles predicted by the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. The experimental validation has shown that the proposed TCPBM can predict evolution of the granule size and distribution within the granulator under different binder spray operating conditions accurately.
authors.affiliation: School of pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK.
authors.forename: Huolong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK. Electronic address: mli@dmu.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Mingzhong
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D003198:Computer Simulation; D057446:Hydrodynamics; D007700:Kinetics; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010316:Particle Size; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods*; D017155:Wettability
keywords: Computational fluid dynamics (CFD); Top-spray fluidized bed granulation; Two-compartmental population balance model (TCPBM)