title: Neighborhood deprivation and risk of cancer incidence, mortality and survival: results from a population-based cohort study in Japan.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In many developed countries, socioeconomic status is associated with cancer incidence and survival. However, research in Japan is sparse. We examined the association between neighborhood deprivation based on the Japanese Deprivation Index and the risk of incidence, mortality and survival from total and major cancers in the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study.
  
  
  METHODS
  86,112 participants were followed through the end of 2009. A total of 10,416 incident cases and 5,510 deaths from cancer were identified among 1,348,437 person-years of follow-up (mean follow-up: 15.7 years). The Japanese deprivation index was used to access neighborhood deprivation. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated by Cox regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found no associations between neighborhood deprivation index and the incidence of total and major cancers. In some cancer risks or deaths, however, we found positive or inverse associations with a higher deprivation index, such as a decreased risk of colorectal cancer incidence and an increased risk of liver cancer incidence and deaths in women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although some positive or inverse associations were detected for specific sites, the neighborhood deprivation index has no substantial overall association with the risk of incidence, mortality and survival from cancer in the Japanese population.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miki
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo Japan.
authors.forename: Manami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo Japan.
authors.forename: Ai
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo Japan.
authors.forename: Norie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sawada
authors.affiliation: Department of Geography, Ritsumeikan University, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakaya
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo Japan.
authors.forename: Taichi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimazu
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo Japan.
authors.forename: Motoki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo Japan.
authors.forename: Taiki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamaji
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo Japan.
authors.forename: Shizuka
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sasazuki
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shibuya
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo Japan.
authors.forename: Shoichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsugane
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate