title: Picornavirus morphogenesis.
abstract: The Picornaviridae represent a large family of small plus-strand RNA viruses that cause a bewildering array of important human and animal diseases. Morphogenesis is the least-understood step in the life cycle of these viruses, and this process is difficult to study because encapsidation is tightly coupled to genome translation and RNA replication. Although the basic steps of assembly have been known for some time, very few details are available about the mechanism and factors that regulate this process. Most of the information available has been derived from studies of enteroviruses, in particular poliovirus, where recent evidence has shown that, surprisingly, the specificity of encapsidation is governed by a viral protein-protein interaction that does not involve an RNA packaging signal. In this review, we make an attempt to summarize what is currently known about the following topics: (i) encapsidation intermediates, (ii) the specificity of encapsidation (iii), viral and cellular factors that are required for encapsidation, (iv) inhibitors of encapsidation, and (v) a model of enterovirus encapsidation. Finally, we compare some features of picornavirus morphogenesis with those of other plus-strand RNA viruses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Hsin-Chieh
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Aniko V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA eckard.wimmer@stonybrook.edu.
authors.forename: Eckard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wimmer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002213:Capsid / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D016679:Genome, Viral; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D009024:Morphogenesis; D010849:Picornaviridae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010850:Picornaviridae Infections / Q000821:virology*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000502:physiology; D019065:Virus Assembly
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D012367:RNA, Viral