title: Craniofacial morphologic parameters in a Persian population: an anthropometric study.
abstract: Limited data are available regarding the reference ranges of facial proportions of the Persian population in Iran. This study aimed to establish the reference range of craniofacial anthropometric measurements in an adult Iranian population. On 100 individuals (men = women), aged 18 to 30 years with normal faces and occlusions, 34 linear and 7 angular measurements as well as 24 indices were calculated. The difference of measurements between men and women were evaluated by paired t-test. The data were compared with the norms of North American whites using 1-sample t-test. The subjects belonged to 5 ethnic groups (57% from Fars, 14% from Kord, 11% from Azari, 10% from Gilaki-Mazani, and 2% from Lor). All head measurements were greater in men except for the head index and the head height. The subjects had leptoprosopic faces. The intercanthal width was almost one third of the biocular width and greater than the eye fissure length. Although the nose width of women was significantly smaller, both sexes had leptorrhine noses. The chin height and lower chin height were greater in men. In comparison with North American whites, considerable differences were found regarding head height and width, biocular width, nose height, face height, mouth width, and upper chin height. In conclusion, the reference range of craniofacial anthropometric measurements established for the Iranian population might be efficiently used for esthetic treatments.
authors.affiliation: From the*Department of Orthodontics, Dental Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; and †Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Fariborz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Amini
authors.forename: Ziba
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Mashayekhi
authors.forename: Hajir
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rahimi
authors.forename: Golnaz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Morad
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D059925:Anatomic Landmarks / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D000886:Anthropometry; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods*; D002680:Chin / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005006:Ethnicity; D005143:Eyelids / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D005145:Face / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran / Q000208:ethnology; D008046:Lip / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D008297:Male; D009055:Mouth / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D009333:Neck / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D009666:Nose / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D009915:Orbit / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D012016:Reference Values; D012737:Sex Factors; D012886:Skull / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D044465:White People; D055815:Young Adult