title: Brilliant blue G attenuates lipopolysaccharide-mediated microglial activation and inflammation.
abstract: Previous studies have confirmed that oxidized adenosine triphosphate, a P2X7 receptor antagonist, attenuates lipopolysaccharide-mediated microglial activation and inflammatory expression following neuronal damage in rat brain. NaCl and temperature may affect the potency of oxidized adenosine triphosphate. Brilliant blue G is a derivative of a widely used food additive and has little toxicity. This study explored the effects of brilliant blue G, a selective P2X7 receptor antagonist, on microglial activation and inflammation. Results demonstrated that brilliant blue G inhibited the release of cyclooxygenase-2 and interleukin-6 in BV2 cells. Immunofluorescence displayed that brilliant blue G could suppress lipopolysaccharide-induced microglial activation. This study used RNA interference to block P2X7 receptor expression and found that small interfering RNA also suppressed the release of cyclooxygenase-2 and interleukin-6 in BV2 cells. These results suggested that downregulation of the P2X7 receptor by brilliant blue G was involved in the inhibition of microglial activation and inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Kui
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China.
authors.forename: Jue
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong province, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Xiaolei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical school of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Junyi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Yamei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Peng
keywords: P2X7 receptor; RNA interference; brilliant blue G; cyclooxygenase-2; grants-supported paper; inflammatory cytokines; interleukin-6; lipopolysaccharide; microglia; neural regeneration; neurodegenerative disease; neuroregeneration; photographs-containing paper