title: The regulation of glucose metabolism: implications and considerations for the assessment of glucose homeostasis in rodents.
abstract: The incidence of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing at alarming rates. In the quest to understand the underlying causes of and to identify novel therapeutic targets to treat T2D, scientists have become increasingly reliant on the use of rodent models. Here, we provide a discussion on the regulation of rodent glucose metabolism, highlighting key differences and similarities that exist between rodents and humans. In addition, some of the issues and considerations associated with assessing glucose homeostasis and insulin action are outlined. We also discuss the role of the liver vs. skeletal muscle in regulating whole body glucose metabolism in rodents, emphasizing the importance of defective hepatic glucose metabolism in the development of impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, and T2D.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Greg M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Kowalski
authors.affiliation: Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia clinton.bruce@deakin.edu.au.
authors.forename: Clinton R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Bruce
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000378:metabolism*; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D012377:Rodentia
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D005947:Glucose
keywords: endogenous glucose production; gluconeogenesis; glucose tolerance; insulin resistance; type 2 diabetes