title: Electrochemical biosensors for detection of avian influenza virus--current status and future trends.
abstract: Electrochemical biosensors have emerged as reliable analytical devices suitable for pathogen detection. Low cost, small sample requirement and possibility of miniaturization justifies their increasing development. Thus, we report in this review on the state of the art of avian influenza virus detection with genosensors and immunosensors working by an electrochemical mode. Their working principles focusing on the physical properties of the transducer, the immobilization chemistry, as well as new trends including incorporation of nanoparticles will be presented. Then, we critically review the detection of avian influenza virus in the complex matrices that use electrochemical biosensors and compare them with traditionally applied methods such as ELISA or Western blot.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland.
authors.forename: Iwona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Grabowska
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland.
authors.forename: Kamila
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Malecka
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland.
authors.forename: Urszula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Jarocka
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland.
authors.forename: Jerzy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Radecki
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland.
authors.forename: Hanna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Radecka
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D015153:Blotting, Western; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000379:methods*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D053124:Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology; D053758:Nanoparticles; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity