title: A new nodavirus is associated with covert mortality disease of shrimp.
abstract: A new nodavirus, named covert mortality nodavirus (CMNV), is associated with covert mortality disease of shrimp which has caused serious loss in China since 2009. Histopathological examination of shrimp suffering the disease revealed coagulative necrosis of striated muscle similar to typical histopathology features of infectious myonecrosis virus (IMNV), Penaeus vannamei nodavirus (PvNV) and Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV). However, shrimp suffering this disease tested negative for IMNV, MrNV and PvNV by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR. Additionally, eosinophilic inclusions were found in epithelium of the tubules in the hepatopancreas and lymphoid organ, and mass karyopyknotic nuclei existed in the muscle and lymphoid organ. The tubular epithelium of the hepatopancreas showed significant atrophy. A cDNA library was constructed from total RNA of infected shrimp. Sequencing and alignment analysis showed that one clone with an 1185 bp insert (designated CMNV-7) shared 54, 53 and 39% identity with the amino acid sequences of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from Flock House virus, black beetle virus and MrNV. The results of fluorescence in situ hybridization showed that the hepatopancreas, striated muscle and lymphoid organ were positively reacting tissues. The mean size of negative-stained virus particles was 32 nm. In addition, a nested RT-PCR assay was developed for CMNV, and the RT-PCR detection results revealed that Fenneropenaeus chinensis, Litopenaeus vannamei and Marsupenaeus japonicus suffering from this disease were CMNV-positive.
authors.affiliation: National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, PR China.|Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
authors.forename: Qingli
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
authors.forename: Qun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
authors.forename: Shuang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
authors.forename: Haolin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
authors.forename: Sun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
authors.forename: Luoluo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, PR China.|Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
authors.forename: Jiting
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
authors.forename: Lixue
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, PR China.|Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiuhua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, PR China.|Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
authors.forename: Qintao
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, PR China.|Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017756:Aquaculture; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D043143:Hepatopancreas / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D030381:Nodaviridae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D033561:Penaeidae / Q000821:virology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral