title: High placenta-specific 1/low prostate-specific antigen expression pattern in high-grade prostate adenocarcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The scarcity of effective therapeutic approaches for prostate cancer (PCa) has encouraged steadily growing interest for the identification of novel antigenic targets. Placenta-specific 1 (PLAC1) is a novel cancer-testis antigen with reported ectopic expression in a variety of tumors and cancer cell lines. The purpose of the present study was to investigate for the first time the differential expression of PLAC1 in PCa tissues.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated the differential expression of PLAC1 in PCa, high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HPIN), benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and nonneoplastic/nonhyperplastic prostate tissues using microarray-based immunohistochemistry (n = 227). The correlation of PLAC1 expression with certain clinicopathological parameters and expression of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), as a prostate epithelial cell differentiation marker, were investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Placenta-specific 1 (PLAC1) expression was increased in a stepwise manner from BPH to PCa, which expressed highest levels of this molecule, while in a majority of normal tissues, PLAC1 expression was not detected. Moreover, PLAC1 expression was positively associated with Gleason score (p ≤ 0.001). Interestingly, there was a negative correlation between PLAC1 and PSA expression in patients with PCa and HPIN (p ≤ 0.01). Increment of PLAC1 expression increased the odds of PCa and HPIN diagnosis (OR 49.45, 95 % CI for OR 16.17-151.25).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings on differential expression of PLAC1 in PCa plus its positive association with Gleason score and negative correlation with PSA expression highlight the potential usefulness of PLAC1 for targeted PC therapy especially for patients with advanced disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Technologies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, TUMS, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Roya
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ghods
authors.forename: Mohammad-Hossein
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Ghahremani
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Madjd
authors.forename: Mojgan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Asgari
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abolhasani
authors.forename: Sanaz
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tavasoli
authors.forename: Ahmad-Reza
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Mahmoudi
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Darzi
authors.forename: Parvin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pasalar
authors.forename: Mahmood
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jeddi-Tehrani
authors.forename: Amir-Hassan
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Zarnani
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007610:Kallikreins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins; C549870:KLK3 protein, human; D007610:Kallikreins; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen