title: The Chinese version of the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) equation is a superior screening tool for chronic kidney disease among middle-aged Taiwanese than the original MDRD and Cockcroft-Gault equations.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Three equations have been often used to estimate glomerular filtration rate (GFR), namely, Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD), MDRD for Chinese (MDRDc), and Cockcroft-Gault (CG), for the purpose of screening individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, neither of these equations has been tested in a large Asian population. The aim of this study was to determine which equations were suitable for screening CKD in a large Taiwanese population.
  
  
  METHODS
  The applicability of the three equations was analyzed among 32,542 participants of a health examination at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital (CGMH), Taiwan, between 2005 and 2007.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)-MDRDc obtained the highest estimate of GFR (mean 101.5 ± 19.2 ml/min/1.73 m 2 ), followed by eGFR-MDRD (mean 83.8 ± 15.8 ml/min/1.73 m 2 ) and eGFR-CG (mean 79.4 ± 29.1 ml/min/1.73 m 2 ). The prevalence of CKD stage 3-5 was 1.9%, 5.1%, and 25.5% according to MDRDc, MDRD and CG equations, respectively. With respect to CKD staging, the agreement between eGFR-MDRDc and eGFR-CG (weighted kappa, k = 0.22) and that between eGFR-MDRD and eGFR-CG (weighted k = 0.30) was poor. Both the original MDRDc and MDRD indicated that subjects with risk factors for CKD had significantly lower eGFR and higher odds ratios for stage 3-5 disease than those without. Paradoxically, the mean eGFR-CG (or odds ratios) was higher (or lower) in subjects with hyperuricemia, hypertension, obesity, or metabolic syndrome than those without these risk factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of the CG equation in the Taiwanese population is inappropriate for screening individuals with CKD, and the MDRDc equation seems to be better for Taiwanese population.
authors.forename: Chang-Fu
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Kuang-Hui
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Yu-Ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, College of Medicine; Biostatistics Core Laboratory, Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Lai-Chu
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: See
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People; D003404:Creatinine / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D012307:Risk Factors; D013624:Taiwan
chemical_list: D003404:Creatinine