title: Effects of BDE-209 and its mixtures with BDE-47 and BDE-99 on multiple biomarkers in Carassius auratus.
abstract: In the present study, the sublethal effects of BDE-209 and its mixtures with BDE-47 and BDE-99 on goldfish (Carassius auratus) were investigated, and the biomarkers including acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in brain, catalase (CAT), ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in liver were determined after 4 days of exposure. AChE and CAT activities were significantly inhibited by BDE-209 and the mixtures at higher dosages (≥1mg/kg), and exhibited obvious dose-response relationships. EROD, GST and SOD activities were significantly induced by BDE-209 and the mixtures in most cases. Integrated biomarker response (IBR) was calculated by combining multiple biomarkers to single value and used to quantitatively evaluate the toxicological effects of PBDEs. The order of IBR values was BDE-209/BDE-99>BDE-209/BDE-99/BDE-47>BDE-209/BDE-47>BDE-209. It suggests that IBR might be a useful tool for quantification of integrated biological effects induced by coexisted contaminants toward fish.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
authors.forename: Zhengxin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China. Electronic address: ghlu@hhu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Guanghua
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
authors.forename: Pengde
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Qi
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism*; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D006054:Goldfish / Q000378:metabolism*; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000633:toxicity*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: C477694:2,2',4,4',5-brominated diphenyl ether; D015415:Biomarkers; D029941:Fish Proteins; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C511295:2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether; D002374:Catalase; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; C010902:decabromobiphenyl ether
keywords: BDE-209; Biomarker; Carassius auratus; IBR