title: An effective inducer of dopaminergic neuron-like differentiation.
abstract: Rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells were cultured and passaged in vitro. After induction with basic fibroblast growth factor for 24 hours, passage 3 bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells were additionally induced into dopaminergic neurons using three different combinations with basic fibroblast growth factor as follows: 20% Xiangdan injection; all-trans retinoic acid + glial-derived neurotrophic factor; or sonic hedgehog + fibroblast growth factor 8. Results suggest that the bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells showed typical neuronal morphological characteristics after induction. In particular, after treatment with sonic hedgehog + fibroblast growth factor 8, the expressions of nestin, neuron-specific enolase, microtubuleassociated protein 2, tyrosine hydroxylase and vesicular monoamine transporter-2 in cells were significantly increased. Moreover, the levels of catecholamines in the culture supernatant were significantly increased. These findings indicate that Xiangdan injection, all-trans retinoic acid + glial-derived neurotrophic factor, and sonic hedgehog + fibroblast growth factor 8 can all induce dopaminergic neuronal differentiation from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. In particular, the efficiency of sonic hedgehog + fibroblast growth factor 8 was highest.
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: Wenyu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Stem Cell Research and Transplantation Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: Cui
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: Wenxin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: Dandan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: Fengjie
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: Xiaocui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
keywords: Xiangdan injection; all-trans retinoic acid; catecholamine; differentiation; dopaminergic neuron; fibroblast growth factor 8; grants-supported paper; induction; mesenchymal stem cells; neural regeneration; neuroregeneration; photographs-containing paper; sonic hedgehog; stem cells