title: Analytic 3D imaging of mammalian nucleus at nanoscale using coherent x-rays and optical fluorescence microscopy.
abstract: Despite the notable progress that has been made with nano-bio imaging probes, quantitative nanoscale imaging of multistructured specimens such as mammalian cells remains challenging due to their inherent structural complexity. Here, we successfully performed three-dimensional (3D) imaging of mammalian nuclei by combining coherent x-ray diffraction microscopy, explicitly visualizing nuclear substructures at several tens of nanometer resolution, and optical fluorescence microscopy, cross confirming the substructures with immunostaining. This demonstrates the successful application of coherent x-rays to obtain the 3D ultrastructure of mammalian nuclei and establishes a solid route to nanoscale imaging of complex specimens.
authors.affiliation: RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo, Japan. Electronic address: cysong@spring8.or.jp.
authors.forename: Changyong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.affiliation: RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo, Japan.
authors.forename: Jaehyun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo, Japan; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo, Japan; Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
authors.forename: Marcus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gallagher-Jones
authors.affiliation: RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Imamoto
authors.affiliation: RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D051379:Mice; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*; D061848:Optical Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction / Q000379:methods*