title: Respiratory syncytial virus: clinical and epidemiological pattern in pediatric patients admitted to a children's hospital between 2000 and 2013.
abstract: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the major causative organism associated with acute lower respiratory tract infections in children.The objective of this study was to describe the clinical and epidemiological pattern of RSV and identify risk factors for RSV infection.
  
  
  
  Prospective, cohort study on patients hospitalized due to acute lower respiratory tract infection at Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez between March and November throughout the 2000-2013 period. The virological diagnosis of RSV, adenovirus, influenza and parainfluenza was performed by indirect immunofluorescence using nasopharyngeal aspirates.
  
  
  
  A total of 12,555 children were included, 38.2% (4798) had virus rescued from samples. RSV accounted for 81.8% of cases (3924/4798) with no significant annual variations (71.2- 88.1) and with an epidemic seasonal pattern(May through July); RSV was followed by influenza (7.6%), parainfluenza (5.9%), and adenovirus (4.7%).The median age of patients with RSV rescue (3924) was 7 months old (0- 214 months old), while 74.2% were younger than 1 year old, 43.1% were younger than 6 months old, 56.5% were males and the most common clinical presentation was bronchiolitis (60.7%). Comorbidities were observed in 41.6% of cases. The most common comorbidities were chronic respiratory disease (74%), congenital heart disease (14%), and chronic neurological disease (10.2%).Complications occurred in 25%of cases. The case fatality rate was 1.9% (74/3888). Independent predictors of RSV infection were age <3 months old (OR: 2.8 [2.14-3.67], p < 0.01),clinical presentation of bronchiolitis (OR: 1.54 [1.32-1.79], p < 0.01), and hypoxemia at the time of admission (OR: 1.84 [1.42-2.37], p < 0.01).
  
  
  
  RSV infection displayed a seasonal pattern and was associated with infants younger than 3 months old with bronchiolitis and hypoxemia at the time of admission.
authors.affiliation: Área Epidemiología, División Promoción y Protección de la Salud, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez.
authors.forename: María Florencia
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Lucion
authors.affiliation: Área Epidemiología, División Promoción y Protección de la Salud, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez.
authors.forename: María del Valle
authors.initials: Mdel V
authors.lastname: Juarez
authors.affiliation: Área Epidemiología, División Promoción y Protección de la Salud, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez.
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Viegas
authors.affiliation: Área Epidemiología, División Promoción y Protección de la Salud, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez.
authors.forename: Vanesa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Castellano
authors.affiliation: Área Epidemiología, División Promoción y Protección de la Salud, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez.
authors.forename: Viviana Sandra
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Romanin
authors.affiliation: Área Epidemiología, División Promoción y Protección de la Salud, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez.
authors.forename: Marcela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grobaporto
authors.affiliation: Área Epidemiología, División Promoción y Protección de la Salud, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez.
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bakir
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Virología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez.
authors.forename: Alicia Susana
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Mistchenko
authors.affiliation: Área Epidemiología, División Promoción y Protección de la Salud, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gentile
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006776:Hospitals, Pediatric; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D010343:Patient Admission; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018357:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors