title: Pulmonary actinomycosis with endobronchial involvement: a case report and literature review.
abstract: Pulmonary actinomycosis is a rare chronic pulmonary infection caused by actinomyces, a Gram-positive, microaerophilic bacterium. Pulmonary involvement other than cervicofacial or abdominopelvic actinomycosis is uncommon and often leads to a misdiagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis or lung cancer. Endobronchial involvement is very rare in pulmonary actinomycosis. Here in, we describe the case of a 66-year-old male patient, referred with a history of massive hemoptysis since a few weeks ago. Plain chest radiograph and computerized tomographic scan revealed a dens consolidation in the right upper lobe; which was confirmed to be pulmonary actinomycosis with endobronchial involvement by transbronchial biopsy.
authors.affiliation: Medical Imaging Department, Imam Reza University Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Donya
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Farrokh
authors.affiliation: Pneumology and Respiratory Disease Department, Imam Reza University Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Fariba
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rezaitalab
authors.affiliation: Medical Imaging Department, Imam Reza University Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Banafsheh
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bakhshoudeh
keywords: Actinomycosis; Pulmonary; Sulphur granules