title: A system to detect cerebral aneurysms in multimodality angiographic data sets.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The early detection of cerebral aneurysms plays a major role in preventing subarachnoid hemorrhage. The authors present a system to automatically detect cerebral aneurysms in multimodal 3D angiographic data sets. The authors' system is parametrizable for contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE-MRA), time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (TOF-MRA), and computed tomography angiography (CTA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Initial volumes of interest are found by applying a multiscale sphere-enhancing filter. Several features are combined in a linear discriminant function (LDF) to distinguish between true aneurysms and false positives. The features include shape information, spatial information, and probability information. The LDF can either be parametrized by domain experts or automatically by training. Vessel segmentation is avoided as it could heavily influence the detection algorithm.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The authors tested their method with 151 clinical angiographic data sets containing 112 aneurysms. The authors reach a sensitivity of 95% with CE-MRA data sets at an average false positive rate per data set (FPDS) of 8.2. For TOF-MRA, we achieve 95% sensitivity at 11.3 FPDS. For CTA, we reach a sensitivity of 95% at 22.8 FPDS. For all modalities, the expert parametrization led to similar or better results than the trained parametrization eliminating the need for training. 93% of aneurysms that were smaller than 5 mm were found. The authors also showed that their algorithm is capable of detecting aneurysms that were previously overlooked by radiologists.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The authors present an automatic system to detect cerebral aneurysms in multimodal angiographic data sets. The system proved as a suitable computer-aided detection tool to help radiologists find cerebral aneurysms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Simulation and Graphics, University of Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Clemens M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Hentschke
authors.affiliation: Institute for Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Beuing
authors.affiliation: Institute for Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Paukisch
authors.affiliation: Institute for Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Cordula
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Scherlach
authors.affiliation: Institute for Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Skalej
authors.affiliation: Department of Simulation and Graphics, University of Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Klaus D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Tönnies
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D002533:Cerebral Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D002532:Intracranial Aneurysm / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology*; D016014:Linear Models; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods; D064847:Multimodal Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D017711:Nonlinear Dynamics; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed