title: Exhaled breath concentrations of acetic acid vapour in gastro-esophageal reflux disease.
abstract: The objective of this experimental study was to discover volatile metabolites present in exhaled breath that could be used as biomarkers of gastro-esophageal reflux disease, GERD, one of the most common causes of chronic cough. An in vitro model based on pork tissue samples exposed to a challenge by artificial gastric fluid was used to identify specific volatile compounds to be chosen for quantification in directly exhaled breath of GERD patients and controls using selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry, SIFT-MS. GC/MS analyses of the headspace of this in vitro model indicated that the only volatile compound significantly increased was acetic acid. End expiratory concentration of acetic acid measured by SIFT-MS in mouth exhaled breath of 22 GERD patients (median 85 ppbv) was found to be significantly higher than that in breath of a control group (median 48 ppbv). Breath acetic acid may be useful for non-invasive diagnostics of GERD and other conditions resulting in the lowering of pH of the lining of the airways.
authors.affiliation: J Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dolejškova 3, 182 23 Praha, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Kseniya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dryahina
authors.forename: Veronika
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pospíšilová
authors.forename: Kristýna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sovová
authors.forename: Violetta
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Shestivska
authors.forename: Jiří
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kubišta
authors.forename: Anatolii
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Spesyvyi
authors.forename: František
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pehal
authors.forename: Jarmila
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Turzíková
authors.forename: Jiří
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Votruba
authors.forename: Patrik
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Spaněl
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid / Q000032:analysis*; D000096:Acetone / Q000032:analysis; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D001944:Breath Tests / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D045853:Exhalation; D005260:Female; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007477:Ions; D008297:Male; D008460:Meat; D008875:Middle Aged; D012372:ROC Curve; D013552:Swine; D013997:Time Factors; D014835:Volatilization; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D007477:Ions; D000096:Acetone; D019342:Acetic Acid