title: Benefits of using intrathecal buprenorphine.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  General anesthesia draws attention to the most commonly used modalities for post cesarean delivery pain relief in systemic administration of opioids, while the administration of small dose of intrathecal opioid during spinal anesthesia can be a possible alternative. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of buprenorphine on cesarean section prescribed intrathecally.
  
  
  METHODS
  This double blind randomized clinical trial study was conducted in patients for cesarean section under spinal anesthesia. The patients were randomly divided into case and control groups. Case group (208 patients) received 65-70 mg of 5% lidocaine plus 0.2 ml of buprenorphine while the same amount of 5% lidocaine diluted with 0.2 ml of normal saline was given to 234 cases in the control group. Hemodynamic changes and neonatal APGAR scores (Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, Respiration) were recorded. Pain score was recorded according to the visual analog scale. This study was registered in the Iranian Registry of clinical Trials; IRCT2013022112552N1.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of case and control groups was 24.4±5.38 and 26.84±5.42 years, respectively. Systolic blood pressure was not significantly different until the 45th minute but diastolic blood pressure showed a significant difference at the 15th and the 60th minutes (P<0.001). Heart rate changes were significantly different between cases and controls at the initial 5th, 15th and after 60th minutes (P<0.001). Pain-free period was significantly different between two groups (1.25 h versus 18.73 h) (P<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results show that prescription of intratechal buprenorphine prolongs the duration of analgesia without any significant considerable side effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
authors.forename: Seyed Mozaffar
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Rabiee
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
authors.forename: Ebrahim
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Alijanpour
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jabbari
authors.affiliation: Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rostami
keywords: Buprenorphine; Intrathecal; Pain; Post operation; Spinal Anesthesia