title: Maxillary sinus augmentation by crestal access: a retrospective study on cavity size and outcome correlation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and radiographic outcomes of crestal sinus elevation, performed using mineralized human bone allograft, were analyzed to correlate results with maxillary sinus size.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 60 sinus augmentations in 60 patients, with initial bone ≤5 mm, were performed. Digital radiographs were taken at surgical implant placement time up to post-prosthetic loading follow-up (12-72 months), when CBCT evaluation was carried out. Marginal bone loss (MBL) was radiographically analyzed at 6 months and follow-up time post-loading. Sinus size (BPD), implant distance from palatal (PID) and buccal wall (BID), and absence of bone coverage of implant (intra-sinus bone loss--IBL) were evaluated and statistically evaluated by ANOVA and linear regression analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MBL increased as a function of time. MBL at final follow-up was statistically associated with MBL at 6 months. A statistically significant correlation of IBL with wall distance and of IBL/mm with time was identified with greater values in wide sinuses (WS ≥ 13.27 mm) than in narrow sinuses (NS < 13.27 mm).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study is the first quantitative and statistically significant confirmation that crestal technique with residual ridge height <5 mm is more appropriate and predictable, in terms of intra-sinus bone coverage, in narrow than in WS.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Periodontology and Implantology, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Spinato
authors.affiliation: Private Practice, Terranegra di Legnago, VR, Italy.
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bernardello
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Surgery and Implant Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Galindo-Moreno
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Davide
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zaffe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D064591:Allografts; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D015921:Dental Implants; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D059546:Sinus Floor Augmentation / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants
keywords: crestal sinus augmentation; intra-sinus bone loss; marginal bone loss; maxillary sinus size; radiographic and CBCT evaluation