title: Correlation of quantitative diffusion-weighted and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI parameters with prognostic factors in prostate cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to determine if correlations exist between quantitative parameters from dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) and diffusion-weighted (DW) MRI with National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) risk group, Gleason score (GS), maximum tumour diameter (MTD), pre-treatment prostate-specific antigen (PSA), clinical T stage and MRI prostate volume in prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed 3T multiparametric MRI reports on biopsy-proven prostate cancer patients performed during radiation treatment evaluation or an active surveillance protocol. DCE-MRI parameters included K(trans) (influx volume transfer coefficient), Kep (efflux reflux rate constant) and iAUC (initial area under the curve). Average DCE and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were recorded for regions of interest on DW-MRI. Relationships between MRI metrics and risk group, GS, MTD, PSA, clinical T stage and MRI prostate volume were examined using analysis of variance. Central and peripheral tumours were also analysed separately in a sub-analysis. Statistical significance was defined as P < 0.0125.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 58 patients, 29%, 52% and 19% had low (L), intermediate (I), or high (H) NCCN risk disease, respectively. K(trans) significantly correlated with PSA. For central tumours, K(trans) significantly correlated with MTD and PSA, and Kep significantly correlated with PSA. For peripheral tumours, iAUC was significantly different when stratified by L/I/H risk and GS, and ADC score with L/I/H risk, GS, and clinical T stage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DCE- and DW-MRI metrics correlate with some risk stratification factors in prostate cancer. Further work is required to determine if MRI metrics are complementary or independent prognostic factors.
authors.affiliation: David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, USA.
authors.forename: Melody P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Margolis
authors.forename: Shane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mesko
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kupelian
authors.forename: Mitchell
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kamrava
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D003287:Contrast Media; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D064847:Multimodal Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D011379:Prognosis; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D047368:Tumor Burden
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D003287:Contrast Media; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen
keywords: MRI; cancer; diffusion weighted; dynamic contrast enhanced; prostate