title: Comprehensive foodomics study on the mechanisms operating at various molecular levels in cancer cells in response to individual rosemary polyphenols.
abstract: In this work, the contribution of carnosic acid (CA) and carnosol (CS), two major compounds present in rosemary, against colon cancer HT-29 cells proliferation is investigated using a comprehensive Foodomics approach. The Foodomics study reveals that CA induces transcriptional activation of genes that encode detoxifying enzymes and altered the expression of genes linked to transport and biosynthesis of terpenoids in the colon cancer cell line. Functional analysis highlighted the activation of the ROS metabolism and alteration of several genes involved in pathways describing oxidative degradation of relevant endogenous metabolites, providing new evidence about the transcriptional change induced by CA in HT-29 cells. Metabolomics analysis showed that the treatment with CA affected the intracellular levels of glutathione. Elevated levels of GSH provided additional evidence to transcriptomic results regarding chemopreventive response of cells to CA treatment. Moreover, the Foodomics approach was useful to establish the links between decreased levels of N-acetylputrescine and its degradation pathway at the gene level. The findings from this work and the predictions based on microarray data will help explore novel metabolic processes and potential signaling pathways to further elucidate the effect of CA in colon cancer cells.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC , Nicolas Cabrera 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Valdés
authors.forename: Virginia
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: García-Cañas
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Simó
authors.forename: Clara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ibáñez
authors.forename: Vicente
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Micol
authors.forename: Jose A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Ferragut
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cifuentes
mesh_terms: D045784:Abietanes / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D019073:HT29 Cells; D006801:Humans; D008658:Inactivation, Metabolic / Q000187:drug effects; D055432:Metabolomics; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011700:Putrescine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D027542:Rosmarinus / Q000737:chemistry*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D045784:Abietanes; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C068623:carnosol; C026212:N-acetylputrescine; D005978:Glutathione; C018381:salvin; D011700:Putrescine