title: Protonation equilibria of biologically active ligands in mixed aqueous organic solvents.
abstract: The review is mainly concerned with the protonation equilibria of biologically active ligands like amino acids, peptides, DNA constituents, and amino acid esters in nonaqueous media. Equilibrium concentrations of proton-ligand formation as a function of pH were investigated. Also, thermodynamics associated with protonation equilibria were also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt ; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Northern Border University, Rafha, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Ahmed A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: El-Sherif
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt ; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic University, Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mohamed M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Shoukry
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
authors.forename: Abeer T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Abd Elkarim
authors.affiliation: Holding Company for Water and Waste Water, The Reference Laboratory for Drinking Water, Inorganic Laboratory, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mohammad H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Barakat