title: Development of low postural tone compensatory patterns - predicted dysfunction patterns in lower part of the body.
abstract: Lower postural tone is not always associated with central nervous system structural damage. There is such kind of tone that stays within the broadly defined normal range, but is characterized by distinct decrease of tone of the deep muscles responsible for stabilization. External syndromes are features of active or passive compensation observed in the postural and motor patterns. Active compensation of the lower muscle tone is associated with excessive use of the superficial muscles for stabilization that leads to limitation of motion in the joints and to functional shortening of some muscles. Active compensation mechanisms in the lower part of the body cause decreased anterior pelvic tilt, functional shortening of the hamstring muscles and pes cavus (spastoidal type). Passive compensation is initiated in case of decreased tone of both deep and superficial muscles. Stabilization is kept with considerable participation of the spatial shape of bones, ligaments, meniscus and passive properties of the muscles. Tendency to hypermobility of the periarthritis elements is observed, which is manifested by increase of the physiological range of motion in the joints. As a result in the lower part of the body postural faults develop, which are characterized by increased lumbar lordosis, anterior pelvic tilt, valgus knee and feet (atetoidal type). Observations indicate that lower tone of the muscles responsible for stabilization triggers off the sequence of compensatory mechanisms that ultimately lead to specific postural faults.
authors.affiliation: Katedra Kinezyterapii i Metod Specjalnych Fizjoterapii, Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego, ul. Mikołowska 72b, 40-065 Katowice, tel. 603-112-533, e-mail: aniagogola@op.pl.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gogola
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Saulicz
authors.forename: Michał
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuszewski
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matyja
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Myśliwiec
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D004576:Electromyography; D006801:Humans; D007866:Leg; D008141:Lordosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009128:Muscle Spasticity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009129:Muscle Tonus / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004856:Postural Balance / Q000502:physiology; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology*; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology