title: Importance of the association of molecular and immunological diagnosis in immunocompetent patient with Histoplasma capsulatum and Cryptoccocus neoformans infection: a case report.
abstract: This case reports an immunocompetent 29-year-old woman with suspected pneumonia, suggestive of fungal infection. Immunoblotting analysis reactivity against Histoplasma capsulatum and Paracoccidioides brasiliensis were observed. Nested-PCR in blood employing species-specific primers was positive for H. capsulatum and Cryptococcus neoformans. The evaluation of paucisymptomatic patients with positive results for H. capsulatum and C. neoformans could be relevant for the prevention as well as the possible evaluation of the reactivated quiescent foci. In conclusion, the associated methodology may have contributed to the monitoring endogenous reactivation of these diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo State, Brazil.
authors.forename: Kátia Cristina
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Dantas
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Medical Mycology - LIM 53/HCFMUSP and Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo State, Brazil.
authors.forename: Roseli Santos
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: de Freitas
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Medical Mycology - LIM 53/HCFMUSP and Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo State, Brazil.
authors.forename: Roberta Scholz Pinto
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.affiliation: Emílio Ribas Infectious Diseases Institute, São Paulo, São Paulo State, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcos Vinícius
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Medical Mycology - LIM 53/HCFMUSP and Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo State, Brazil.
authors.forename: Edna Cleide Mendes
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Muricy
authors.affiliation: Immunology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 351, 11° andar, sala 1117, São Paulo, São Paulo State 01246-902, Brazil.
authors.forename: Valdelene Sayuri
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Kohara
authors.affiliation: Immunology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 351, 11° andar, sala 1117, São Paulo, São Paulo State 01246-902, Brazil.
authors.forename: Adriana Pardini
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Vicentini
keywords: Blood fluid; Fungal infections; Immunoblotting; Immunocompetent individuals; Nested PCR