title: Graphene nanopore with a self-integrated optical antenna.
abstract: We report graphene nanopores with integrated optical antennae. We demonstrate that a nanometer-sized heated spot created by photon-to-heat conversion of a gold nanorod resting on a graphene membrane forms a nanoscale pore with a self-integrated optical antenna in a single step. The distinct plasmonic traits of metal nanoparticles, which have a unique capability to concentrate light into nanoscale regions, yield the significant advantage of parallel nanopore fabrication compared to the conventional sequential process using an electron beam. Tunability of both the nanopore dimensions and the optical characteristics of plasmonic nanoantennae are further achieved. Finally, the key optical function of our self-integrated optical antenna on the vicinity of graphene nanopore is manifested by multifold fluorescent signal enhancement during DNA translocation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, ‡Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center, §Department of Physics, ⊥Center of Integrated Nanomechanical Systems, ∇Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, and ■Biophysics Graduate Program, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720, United States.
authors.forename: SungWoo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.forename: Inhee
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Chi-cheng
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Kwanpyo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: SoonGweon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Yeonho
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zettl
authors.forename: Luke P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Lee
keywords: DNA translocation; Self-organized formation; fluorescence enhancement; graphene; nanopore; optical antennae