title: Benign paroxysmal vertigo of childhood: A 10-year observational follow-up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this article is to explore the progression of neurological, neuro-otological and cochlear features in benign paroxysmal vertigo (BPV) in children over time and its relation with migraine, neuro-otological and cochlear disorders in adulthood.
  
  
  METHODS
  From January 2002 to December 2002, 15 children with BPV were prospectively recruited and then evaluated during a 10-year observational follow-up. All patients underwent detailed neurological, neuro-otological and cochlear examinations during interictal phases. Six children were also studied during ictal periods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At first assessment, four children reported migraine with aura (MwA) and six children reported migraine without aura (MwoA). Neuro-otological examinations were abnormal in two of 15 children. Cochlear examinations were normal in all patients. During the 10-year follow-up, recurrent vestibular symptoms and/or MwA and/or MwoA have been observed in the children. Neuro-otological examinations were abnormal in three of 15 individuals during the interictal period, and abnormal in four out of six patients who were studied during the ictal period. Two patients developed cochlear signs and/or symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  During the 10-year follow-up, a phenotype variability in BPV patients has been observed. Specifically, de novo cochlear signs and/or symptoms developed in children with BPV, suggesting that cochlear symptoms should be properly investigated in these patients over time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Vestibular and Audiology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy Vestibular and Audiology Unit, ASL NA-1, Italy vimar@oneonline.it.
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Marcelli
authors.affiliation: Headache Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, Second University of Naples, Italy MRI Research Center SUN-FISM, Second University of Naples, Institute for Diagnosis and Care Hermitage Capodimonte, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Vestibular and Audiology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy Vestibular and Audiology Unit, ASL NA-1, Italy.
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cristiano
authors.affiliation: Headache Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, Second University of Naples, Italy MRI Research Center SUN-FISM, Second University of Naples, Institute for Diagnosis and Care Hermitage Capodimonte, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tessitore
mesh_terms: D065635:Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo / Q000150:complications*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000150:complications; D015837:Vestibular Diseases / Q000150:complications
keywords: BPV; Migraine; benign paroxysmal vertigo; childhood; cochlear; vestibular