title: Neutrophil expression of ICAM1, CXCR1, and VEGFR1 in patients with breast cancer before and after adjuvant chemotherapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Distinct populations of neutrophils have been identified based on the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1, CD54) and chemokine receptor 1 (CXCR1, interleukin 8 receptor α).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We analyzed the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1), a physiological negative regulator of angiogenesis, on distinct populations of neutrophils from the blood of patients before and after adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Neutrophil populations were distinguished as reverse transmigrated (ICAM1(high)/CXCR1(low)), naïve (ICAM1(low)/CXCR1(high)), or tissue-resident neutrophils (ICAM1(low)/CXCR1(low)), and their VEGFR1 expression quantified.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Reverse transmigrated ICAM1(high)/CXCR1(low) neutrophilic granulocytes decreased significantly after chemotherapy and these were also the cells with highest mean fluorescence intensity for VEGFR1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chemotherapy mainly reduces the number of reverse transmigrated long-lived ICAM1(high)/CXCR1(low) VEGFR1-expressing neutrophils. The decrease of antiangiogenic VEGFR1 may have a potential impact on tumour angiogenesis in patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Buelach Hospital, Buelach, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Corinne
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lohri
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Maennedorf Hospital, Maennedorf, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Claudia S Hutzli
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Schaltegger
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Maries
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: VAN DEN Broek
authors.affiliation: Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Roland H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Wenger
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Curzio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ruegg
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynaecology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fink
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Frauenfeld General Hospital, Frauenfeld, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Mathias K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Fehr
authors.affiliation: National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Knuth
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland martin.zweifel@insel.ch.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zweifel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000378:metabolism*; D023062:Receptors, Interleukin-8A / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D040281:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D023062:Receptors, Interleukin-8A; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D040281:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1
keywords: Adjuvant chemotherapy; breast cancer; chemokine receptor 1; intercellular adhesion molecule 1; neutrophilic granulocyte; tumor angiogenesis; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1