title: Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for 24/7 automatic liquid slag analysis at a steel works.
abstract: Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is applied for the inline analysis of liquid slag at a steel works. The slag in the ladle of a slag transporter is measured at a distance of several meters during a short stop of the transporter. The slag surface with temperatures from ≈600 to ≈1400 °C consists of liquid slag and solidified slag parts. Automatic measurements at varying filling levels of the ladle are realized, and the duration amounts to 2 min including data transmission to the host computer. Analytical results of the major components such as CaO, Fe, SiO2, MgO, Mn, and Al2O3 are compared with reference values from the steel works laboratory for solid pressed slag samples as well as for samples from the liquid slag. Stable 24/7 operation during the first three-month test run was achieved.
authors.affiliation: Fraunhofer-Institut für Lasertechnik ILT , Steinbachstrasse 15, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Volker
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sturm
authors.forename: Rüdiger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fleige
authors.forename: Martinus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Kanter
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Leitner
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pilz
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hubmer
authors.forename: Reinhard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Noll