title: MicroRNA-181 expression regulates specific post-transcriptional level of SAMHD1 expression in vitro.
abstract: SAM domain and HD domain 1 (SAMHD1) is a newly discovered human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 host restriction factor with high expression in HIV-1-non-permissive cells and low expression in HIV-1-permissive cells. The regulatory mechanism of SAMHD1 expression is still unclear. We examined the relationship between the expression levels of SAMHD1 mRNA and protein and microRNA-181 (miR-181) level in different cell lines. MiR-181 level was negatively correlated with SAMHD1 expression level. By examining the impact of miR-181 on SAMHD1 3' untranslated region (UTR) reporter luciferase activity and on SAMHD1 mRNA and argonaute RISC catalytic component 2 (AGO2) binding, we found that miR-181 acted directly on the SAMHD1 3' UTR and regulated SAMHD1 mRNA levels after transcription. MiR-181 over-expression significantly reduced the level of SAMHD1 expression in THP-1 cells; miR-181 inhibition up-regulated SAMHD1 expression in THP-1 and Jurkat cells. Our results suggest that miR-181 regulates the level of post-transcriptional SAMHD1 expression negatively by directly binding to the 3' UTR in SAMHD1.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China.
authors.forename: Changzhong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China.
authors.forename: Xiaorong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China.
authors.forename: Fumin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China.
authors.forename: Linfang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China.
authors.forename: Xiangyun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China.
authors.forename: Hangping
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China.
authors.forename: Haibo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China. Electronic address: flwnp2013@163.com.
authors.forename: Nanping
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; D060565:Argonaute Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D008156:Luciferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020559:Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000076106:SAM Domain and HD Domain-Containing Protein 1; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; C466422:AGO2 protein, human; D060565:Argonaute Proteins; C540193:MIrn181 microRNA, human; D035683:MicroRNAs; D008156:Luciferases; D000076106:SAM Domain and HD Domain-Containing Protein 1; C484280:SAMHD1 protein, human; D020559:Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins
keywords: HIV-1 resistance; MiR-181; MicroRNA; Post-transcriptional regulation; SAMHD1