title: Management of infected urethral diverticulum with urethral dilation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Urethral diverticula are rare but underdiagnosed entities that may cause a variety of urinary and pelvic symptoms in women. Management can be very challenging, especially in cases of chronic infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 69-year-old gravida 4, para 2 woman with a history of type 2 diabetes and hypothyroidism presented with long history of a painful midline 3-cm suburethral cystic mass, recurrent urinary tract infections, dysuria, dyspareunia, and incomplete voiding. The diagnosis was consistent with an infected urethral diverticulum unresponsive to multiple courses of oral antibiotics. Given the patient's comorbidities and the persistence of infection of the diverticulum, conservative treatment with urethral dilation was performed before surgical treatment. Urethral dilation successfully alleviated the patient's symptoms; the surgical treatment was not ultimately required, and the patient continues to be completely asymptomatic well over 17 months later.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We present a unique case of infected urethral diverticulum, which was conservatively treated with dilatation and resulted in resolution of all symptoms, and there is no need for further surgical management.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of *Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, and †Obstetrics and Gynecology, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, NY.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lazarou
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Andrikopoulou
authors.forename: Sylvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cho
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D019980:Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004108:Dilatation, Pathologic; D004240:Diverticulum / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D014522:Urethral Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000628:therapy; D014556:Urine / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D019980:Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination