title: The frequency of clinical pregnancy and implantation rate after cultivation of embryos in a medium with granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in patients with preceding failed attempts of ART.
abstract: The application in IVF practice of modern techniques can improve positive outcome of each cycle in the assisted reproductive technology (ART) programs and the effectiveness of treatment as a whole. There are embryos in the female reproductive tract in physiological medium which contain various cytokines and growth factors. It plays an important role in the regulation of normal embryonic development, improve implantation and subsequently optimizing the development of the fetus and the placenta. Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF is one of the cytokines playing an important role in reproductive function. Addition of recombinant GM-CSF to the culture medium can makes closer human embryos culture to in vivo conditions and improve the efficacy ART cycles. The analysis of culture embryos in EmbryoGen medium has shown that fertilization rate embryo culture and transfer to patients with previous unsuccessful attempts increases clinical pregnancy rate compared to the control group 39.1 versus 27.8%, respectively. It is noted that the implantation rate (on 7 weeks' gestation) and progressive clinical pregnancy rate (on 12 weeks' gestation) were significantly higher in group embryos culture in EmbryoGen medium compared to standard combination of medium (ISM1+VA), and were 20.4 and 17.4% versus 11.6 and 9.1%, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Reproductive Medicine, "EKO" Centre , Almaty , Kazakhstan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tevkin
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lokshin
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shishimorova
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Polumiskov
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003470:Culture Media / Q000494:pharmacology*; D046149:Embryo Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D010064:Embryo Implantation / Q000502:physiology; D047108:Embryonic Development / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D027724:Reproductive Techniques, Assisted / Q000592:standards*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor
keywords: Cytokines; GM-CSF; embryo culture; implantation; in vitro fertilization