title: Genome edited sheep and cattle.
abstract: Genome editing tools enable efficient and accurate genome manipulation. An enhanced ability to modify the genomes of livestock species could be utilized to improve disease resistance, productivity or breeding capability as well as the generation of new biomedical models. To date, with respect to the direct injection of genome editor mRNA into livestock zygotes, this technology has been limited to the generation of pigs with edited genomes. To capture the far-reaching applications of gene-editing, from disease modelling to agricultural improvement, the technology must be easily applied to a number of species using a variety of approaches. In this study, we demonstrate zygote injection of TALEN mRNA can also produce gene-edited cattle and sheep. In both species we have targeted the myostatin (MSTN) gene. In addition, we report a critical innovation for application of gene-editing to the cattle industry whereby gene-edited calves can be produced with specified genetics by ovum pickup, in vitro fertilization and zygote microinjection (OPU-IVF-ZM). This provides a practical alternative to somatic cell nuclear transfer for gene knockout or introgression of desirable alleles into a target breed/genetic line.
authors.affiliation: The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Edinburgh, EH25 9RG, UK.
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Proudfoot
authors.forename: Daniel F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Carlson
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Huddart
authors.forename: Charles R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Long
authors.forename: Jane H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Pryor
authors.forename: Tim J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: Simon G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Lillico
authors.forename: Alan J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Mileham
authors.forename: David G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: McLaren
authors.forename: C Bruce A
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Whitelaw
authors.forename: Scott C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Fahrenkrug
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified / Q000235:genetics*; D001947:Breeding; D002417:Cattle; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D005818:Genetic Engineering; D016678:Genome; D058751:Livestock; D055435:Myostatin / Q000235:genetics*; D053652:Nuclear Transfer Techniques; D034561:Sheep, Domestic / Q000235:genetics*; D015053:Zygote
chemical_list: D055435:Myostatin