title: Measurement of dynamic urethral pressures with a high-resolution manometry system in continent and incontinent women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Female stress urinary incontinence is caused by urethral dysfunction during dynamic conditions, but current technology has limitations in measuring urethral pressures under these conditions. An 8-French high-resolution manometry (HRM) catheter currently in clinical use in gastroenterology may accurately measure urethral pressures under dynamic conditions because it has a 25-millisecond response rate and circumferential pressure sensors along the length of the catheter (ManoScan ESO; Given Imaging, Yoqneam, Israel). We evaluated the concordance, repeatability, and tolerability of this catheter.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured resting, cough, and strain maximum urethral closure pressures (MUCPs) using HRM and measured resting MUCPs with water-perfusion side-hole catheter urethral pressure profilometry (UPP) in 37 continent and 28 stress-incontinent subjects. Maneuvers were repeated after moving the HRM catheter along the urethral length to evaluate whether results depend on catheter positioning. Visual analog pain scores evaluated the comfort of HRM compared to UPP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The correlation coefficient for resting MUCPs measured by HRM versus UPP was high (r = 0.79, P < 0.001). Repeatability after catheter repositioning was high for rest, cough, and strain with HRM: r = 0.92, 0.89, and 0.89. Mean MUCPs (rest, cough, and strain) were higher in continent than in incontinent subjects (all P < 0.001) and decreased more in incontinent subjects than in continent subjects during cough and strain maneuvers compared to rest.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This preliminary study shows that HRM is concordant with standard technology, repeatable, and well tolerated in the urethra. Incontinent women have more impairment of their urethral closure pressures during cough and strain than continent women.
authors.affiliation: From the *Division of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Reproductive Medicine, UC San Diego Health System, La Jolla; and †Division of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaiser Permanente, San Diego, CA.
authors.forename: Anna C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Kirby
authors.forename: Jasmine
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tan-Kim
authors.forename: Charles W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Nager
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003950:Diagnostic Techniques, Urological / Q000295:instrumentation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008365:Manometry / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011312:Pressure; D014521:Urethra / Q000503:physiopathology*; D062885:Urinary Catheters; D014550:Urinary Incontinence, Stress / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014563:Urodynamics