title: Hybrid approach to emergent and urgent treatment of complex thoracoabdominal aortic pathology.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim was to report a single center experience with hybrid procedures in the emergency treatment of patients with thoracoabdominal aortic pathology. Thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA) repair is primarily conducted by conventional surgery in the urgent and emergency setting. The role of hybrid procedures with stent graft coverage of the aorta and extra-anatomical debranching of the renovisceral arteries has so far not been defined in this context.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 2007 to 2013 30 patients (21 males, 9 females) undergoing an emergent or urgent TAAA hybrid procedure were included in a data register. The mean aneurysm diameter was 72 mm. Etiology was atherosclerosis in 23 patients (76.7%) and aortic dissection in seven patients (23.3%). Nineteen patients (63.3%) required emergency surgery. In 11 cases (36.7%), surgery was indicated for symptomatic aneurysms. Mean follow-up was 16 months (range 1-72 months).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The hybrid procedure was completed in all patients. Renovisceral revascularization was performed with a total of 101 grafts (25 to the celiac, 30 to the superior mesenteric, 25 to the right renal, and 21 to the left renal artery). The 30-day and 1-year primary graft patency was 97.3% and 95.3% respectively. A median of three stent grafts per patient was deployed. One patient underwent surgical intervention for early endoleak (3.3%). Three patients (10%) developed spinal ischemia with persistent paraplegia. Two patients (6.7%) required chronic hemodialysis. Thirty-day mortality reached 26.7% (N = 8), being 36.8% in emergency patients (7 of 19) and 9.1% in the urgent group (1 of 11 patients). The cumulative postoperative survival rate after 12 months was 57.8%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hybrid procedures have the potential to be an alternative treatment option for complex thoracoabdominal pathology in the urgent and emergency setting. The procedure is readily available and enables adequate surgical repair with enduring results. Nevertheless it is still associated with significant mortality and morbidity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gkremoutis
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schmandra
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Meyn
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schmitz-Rixen
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Electronic address: michael.keese@kgu.de.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Keese
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000792:Angiography; D001012:Aorta, Abdominal / Q000601:surgery*; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000601:surgery*; D017545:Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D001019:Aortic Rupture / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011184:Postoperative Period; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Aneurysm repair; Aortic rupture; Aortic surgery; Emergency; Hybrid procedure; Thoracoabdominal; Urgent