title: A comparison of sedation-related events for two multiagent oral sedation regimens in pediatric dental patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study compared the incidence of adverse sedation-related events occurring with two different multiagent oral sedation regimens in pediatric dental patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty healthy patients (three to six years old), received either a sedation regimen of chloral hydrate, meperidine, and hydroxyzine with nitrous oxide (CH/M/H/N2O; N=19) or a regimen of midazolam, meperidine, and hydroxyzine with nitrous oxide (MZ/M/H/N2O; N=21). The two treating dentists answered a questionnaire regarding the perioperative period. Parents received two phone interviews at eight and 24 hours after sedation. Statistical analysis included chi-square, Pearson correlation coefficient, and t-test (P<.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Children sedated with MZ/M/H/N2O showed a significant increase in hyperactivity during dental treatment, slurring/difficulty speaking, and difficulty walking postoperatively within eight hours after discharge. Children sedated with CH/M/H/N2O showed a significant increase in frequency of sleeping, talking less than normal after arriving home, and an increased need for postoperative pain medication.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Different oral sedation regimens produce different adverse sedation-related events. The provider of pediatric oral sedation should select a sedative regimen with an adverse sedation-related profile that he/she believes is optimal for the patient being treated. Parents should be counseled as to possible postsedation effects anticipated based on the sedative regimen administered.
authors.affiliation: Dentist in private practice, Irvine, Calif.; USA. laura@lauradds.com.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: McCormack
authors.affiliation: Advanced Education Program in Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, at Loma Linda University School of Dentistry, Loma Linda, Calif.; USA.
authors.forename: Jung-Wei
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Advanced Education Program in Dental Anesthesiology, Department of Dental Anesthesiology, at Loma Linda University School of Dentistry, Loma Linda, Calif.; USA.
authors.forename: Larry
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Trapp
authors.affiliation: Advanced Education Program in Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, at Loma Linda University School of Dentistry, Loma Linda, Calif.; USA.
authors.forename: Allen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Job
mesh_terms: D000759:Adjuvants, Anesthesia / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000766:Anesthesia, Dental / Q000379:methods*; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002697:Chloral Hydrate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016292:Procedural Sedation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D006919:Hydroxyzine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D006948:Hyperkinesis / Q000139:chemically induced; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008614:Meperidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D008874:Midazolam / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D009609:Nitrous Oxide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy; D020250:Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting / Q000139:chemically induced; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012890:Sleep / Q000187:drug effects; D013064:Speech Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced; D016138:Walking
chemical_list: D000759:Adjuvants, Anesthesia; D000700:Analgesics; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D006919:Hydroxyzine; D002697:Chloral Hydrate; D008614:Meperidine; D009609:Nitrous Oxide; D008874:Midazolam