title: A comparative study on immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharides from two official species of Ganoderma (Lingzhi).
abstract: Two Ganoderma species, G. lucidum and G. sinense, are listed as Lingzhi in Chinese Pharmacopoeia and they are considered to have the same therapeutic effects. Polysaccharides were the main immunomodulatory and anticancer components in Ganoderma. In this study, the chemical characters and the effects of polysaccharides from G. lucidum (GLPS) and G. sinense (GSPS) on macrophage functions were investigated and compared. Chemical studies showed that GLPS and GSPS were different, displaying various molecular weight distribution and ratio of monosaccharide components. In vitro pharmacological studies showed that both GLPS and GSPS had potent effects on macrophage functions, such as promoting macrophage phagocytosis, increasing their release of nitric oxide and cytokines interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-α. Generally, GLPS was more powerful than GSPS. This study is helpful to elucidate the active components and pharmacological variation between the 2 Ganoderma species. The structure-activity relationship of polysaccharides from Ganoderma needs further study.
authors.affiliation: a State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences , University of Macau , Macao SAR , China.
authors.forename: Lan-Zhen
authors.initials: LZ
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Guang-Ping
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.forename: De-Jun
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Jin-Ao
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.forename: Shao-Ping
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D032902:Ganoderma / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification*; D056747:Immunomodulation; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000378:metabolism; D053582:Interleukin-1alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D053582:Interleukin-1alpha; D015850:Interleukin-6; D011134:Polysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D009569:Nitric Oxide