title: Adipose tissues as endocrine target organs.
abstract: In the context of obesity, white adipocyte hypertrophy and adipose tissue macrophage infiltration result in the production of pro-inflammatory adipocytokines inducing insulin resistance locally but also in distant organs and contributing to low grade inflammatory status associated with the metabolic syndrome. Visceral adipose tissue is believed to play a prominent role. Brown and beige adipose tissues are capable of energy dissipation, but also of cytokine production and their role in dysmetabolic syndrome is emerging. This review focuses on metabolic and inflammatory changes in these adipose depots and contribution to metabolic syndrome. Also we will review surgical and pharmacological procedures to target adiposity as therapeutic interventions to treat obesity-associated disorders.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Gastroentérologie et Hépatologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Service d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium. Electronic address: Nicolas.Lanthier@uclouvain.be.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lanthier
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Gastroentérologie et Hépatologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Service d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium. Electronic address: Isabelle.Leclercq@uclouvain.be.
authors.forename: Isabelle A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Leclercq
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000502:physiology*; D004703:Endocrine System / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000502:physiology; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism*; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism*
keywords: Adipose tissue macrophage; Beige adipose tissue; Brown adipose tissue; Diabetes; Insulin; Metabolic syndrome; Obesity; Subcutaneous adipose tissue; Visceral adipose tissue