title: Amperometric inhibition biosensors based on horseradish peroxidase and gold sononanoparticles immobilized onto different electrodes for cyanide measurements.
abstract: New biosensors based on inhibition for the detection of cyanide and the comparison of the analytical performances of nine enzyme biosensor designs by using three different electrodes: Sonogel-Carbon, glassy carbon and gold electrodes were discussed. Three different horseradish peroxidase immobilization procedures with and without gold sononanoparticles were studied. The amperometric measurements were performed at an applied potential of -0.15V vs. Ag/AgCl in 50mM sodium acetate buffer solution pH=5.0. The apparent kinetic parameters (Kmapp, Vmaxapp) of immobilized HRP were calculated in the absence of inhibitor (cyanide) by using caffeic acid, hydroquinone, and catechol as substrates. The presence of gold sononanoparticles enhanced the electron transfer reaction and improved the analytical performance of the biosensors. The HRP kinetic interactions reveal non-competitive binding of cyanide with an apparent inhibition constant (Ki) of 2.7μM and I50 of 1.3μM. The determination of cyanide can be achieved in a dynamic range of 0.1-58.6μM with a detection limit of 0.03μM which is lower than those reported by previous studies. Hence this biosensing methodology can be used as a new promising approach for detecting cyanide.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Science and Techniques, University Hassan II Mohammedia, BP 146, Mohammedia 20650, Morocco; Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Microscopía Electrónica y Materiales (IMEYMAT), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Polígono del Río San Pedro S/N, Puerto Real, Cádiz 11510, Spain.
authors.forename: Aisha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Attar
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Microscopía Electrónica y Materiales (IMEYMAT), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Polígono del Río San Pedro S/N, Puerto Real, Cádiz 11510, Spain.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cubillana-Aguilera
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Microscopía Electrónica y Materiales (IMEYMAT), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Polígono del Río San Pedro S/N, Puerto Real, Cádiz 11510, Spain.
authors.forename: Ignacio
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Naranjo-Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Microscopía Electrónica y Materiales (IMEYMAT), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Polígono del Río San Pedro S/N, Puerto Real, Cádiz 11510, Spain.
authors.forename: José Luis Hidalgo-Hidalgo
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: de Cisneros
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Microscopía Electrónica y Materiales (IMEYMAT), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Polígono del Río San Pedro S/N, Puerto Real, Cádiz 11510, Spain. Electronic address: josem.palacios@uca.es.
authors.forename: José María
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Palacios-Santander
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Science and Techniques, University Hassan II Mohammedia, BP 146, Mohammedia 20650, Morocco. Electronic address: azizamine@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Aziz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amine
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D002109:Caffeic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D003486:Cyanides / Q000032:analysis*; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004566:Electrodes; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D006046:Gold; D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D057230:Limit of Detection; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D011190:Potassium Cyanide / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002109:Caffeic Acids; D003486:Cyanides; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D006046:Gold; D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase; D011190:Potassium Cyanide; C040048:caffeic acid
keywords: Cyanide; Enzyme biosensor; Gold sononanoparticles; Horseradish peroxidase; Sonogel-carbon