title: Peptides and peptidomimetics as immunomodulators.
abstract: Peptides and peptidomimetics can function as immunomodulating agents by either blocking the immune response or stimulating the immune response to generate tolerance. Knowledge of B- or T-cell epitopes along with conformational constraints is important in the design of peptide-based immunomodulating agents. Work on the conformational aspects of peptides, synthesis and modified amino acid side chains have contributed to the development of a new generation of therapeutic agents for autoimmune diseases and cancer. The design of peptides/peptidomimetics for immunomodulation in autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus and HIV infection is reviewed. In cancer therapy, peptide epitopes are used in such a way that the body is trained to recognize and fight the cancer cells locally as well as systemically.
authors.affiliation: Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA.
authors.forename: Ameya S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Gokhale
authors.forename: Seetharama
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Satyanarayanajois
mesh_terms: D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D015195:Drug Design; D018985:Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte / Q000276:immunology; D018984:Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D057786:Peptidomimetics / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011487:Protein Conformation
chemical_list: D018985:Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte; D018984:Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D010455:Peptides; D057786:Peptidomimetics
keywords: T-cell epitope; cyclotide; immunomodulation; peptide-based vaccine; peptidomimetics; β-amino acid