title: Association between irisin and homocysteine in euglycemic and diabetic subjects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of study was to explore whether a relationship exists between homocysteine and irisin in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients-a population with a high risk of developing cardiovascular disease-and euglycemic controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  69 T2D patients and 75 control subjects (adjusted by body mass index (BMI)) were included in the study. Irisin and homocysteine concentrations and anthropometric and biochemical variables were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Levels of homocysteine were significantly higher (11.0±3.0 vs 12.4±4.2 μmol/l) and levels of irisin were lower (279±58 vs 263±38 ng/ml) in T2D patients. When both T2D and controls were considered, irisin was found to correlate only with homocysteine (r=-0.215; p=0.011). Moreover, a decreasing trend in irisin levels was observed according to homocysteine tertile (p=0.034).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results provide evidence of an association between irisin and homocysteine, which may be due to nicotinamide metabolism. The clinical significance of this relationship is unclear, but our findings may prompt further mechanistic research to investigate the role played by irisin in vascular disorders.
authors.affiliation: Research University Institute "Dr. Viña Giner", Molecular and Mitochondrial Medicine, Catholic University of Valencia "San Vicente Mártir", Valencia, Spain; Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Valencia "San Vicente Mártir", Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Alis
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Fabian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sanchis-Gomar
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Helios
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pareja-Galeano
authors.affiliation: Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset. Valencia, Spain; Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hernández-Mijares
authors.affiliation: Research University Institute "Dr. Viña Giner", Molecular and Mitochondrial Medicine, Catholic University of Valencia "San Vicente Mártir", Valencia, Spain; Department of Physical Education and Sports, Catholic University of Valencia "San Vicente Mártir", Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Romagnoli
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset. Valencia, Spain; Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Víctor M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Víctor
authors.affiliation: Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset. Valencia, Spain; Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain. Electronic address: milagros.rocha@uv.es.
authors.forename: Milagros
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rocha
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000097:blood*; D006710:Homocysteine / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; C577593:FNDC5 protein, human; D005353:Fibronectins; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D006710:Homocysteine
keywords: Cardiovascular risk factors; Homocysteine; Irisin; Myokine; Nicotinamide