title: Digestive fungal flora in asymptomatic subjects in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify Candida species in asymptomatic subjects in Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso) by the matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to February 2013 in Bobo-Dioulasso to collect fecal and urine specimens from voluntary donors. Fungal strains were isolated on Sabouraud dextrose agar and analyzed using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation-time-of-flight mass spectrometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 135 samples including stools (78.5%, 106/135) and urine (21.5%, 29/135) were analyzed. The results revealed that fecal specimens contained mainly Candida krusei (C. krusei) (42.5%) followed by Candida albicans (29.3%), Candida glabrata (18.0%) and Candida tropicalis (C. tropicalis) (4.7%). C. krusei (34.6%) was also found to be the most frequently identified in urine samples followed by Candida albicans (27.0%), C. tropicalis (15.4%) and Candida parapsilosis. However, uncommon species such as Candida nivariensis, Candida kefyr, Candida norvegensis, Candida parapsilosis, Candida lusitaniae and Candida robusta were also identified from fecal and urines samples.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study noted the emergence of species such as C. krusei, Candida glabrata, Candida parapsiolosis, C. tropicalis, Candida nivariensis, Candida norvegensis, and others. It is an imperative to take into account the existence of these species in the therapeutic management of patients in Bobo-Dioulasso.
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology-Mycology, University Hospital Sanou Souro, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso ; Department of Parasitology-Mycology, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Polytechnic University of Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: Bamba
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sanata
authors.affiliation: Department of Bacteriology-Virology, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Polytechnic University of Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: Ouédraogo Abdoul
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Salam
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology-Mycology, University Hospital Sanou Souro, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso ; Department of Parasitology-Mycology, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Polytechnic University of Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: Sangaré
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: Zida
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Adama
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology-Mycology, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Polytechnic University of Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: Cissé
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mamoudou
authors.affiliation: Biomolecular Research Center Pietro Annigoni (CERBA/LABIOGENE), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: Karou D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Simplice
authors.affiliation: Biomolecular Research Center Pietro Annigoni (CERBA/LABIOGENE), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: Simpore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jacques
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology-Mycology, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Polytechnic University of Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: Guiguemdé T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Robert
authors.affiliation: Service of Parasitology-Mycology, Saint Antoine de Paris Hospital, France.
authors.forename: Hennequin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Christophe
keywords: Bobo-Dioulasso; Candida; Mass spectrometry; Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight