title: Immunohistochemical study of nuclear ubiquitous casein and cyclin-dependent kinase substrate 1 in invasive breast carcinoma of no special type.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate the immunohistochemical expression of nuclear ubiquitous casein and cyclin-dependent kinases substrate 1 (NUCKS1) in invasive breast carcinoma of no special type, in association with clinicopathological characteristics, including the tumor grade, frequency of lymph node involvement and distant metastasis. In addition, associations between NUCKS1 and other tumor subtype markers, including estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), Ki-67 and cytokeratin 5/6 (CK 5/6), were investigated. NUCKS1 expression was shown to be associated with the formation of distant metastases and lymph node involvement. Furthermore, an association between the presence of NUCKS1 and histological grading was observed. The results confirmed that the expression of NUCKS1 in low grade invasive breast carcinoma of no special type was significantly less common compared with cases of high grade carcinoma. With regard to the additional tumor subtype markers, NUCKS1 expression was demonstrated to be significantly associated with Ki-67 and CK 5/6; however, no association was identified with ER, PR and HER2. Therefore, NUCKS1 may be a novel prognostic marker in the histopathological evaluation of invasive breast carcinoma of no special type.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Lower Silesia 50-368, Poland.
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Symonowicz
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Lower Silesia 50-368, Poland.
authors.forename: Kamila
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Duś-Szachniewicz
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Lower Silesia 50-368, Poland.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Woźniak
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Lower Silesia 50-368, Poland.
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murawski
authors.affiliation: Division of Pathology, Sokołowski Regional Hospital, Wałbrzych, Lower Silesia 58-309, Poland.
authors.forename: Paweł
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kołodziej
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Lower Silesia 50-368, Poland.
authors.forename: Beata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Osiecka
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Lower Silesia 50-368, Poland.
authors.forename: Kamil
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jurczyszyn
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Lower Silesia 50-368, Poland.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ziółkowski
keywords: cytokeratin 5/6; estrogen and progesterone receptors; human epidermal growth factor receptor 2; invasive breast carcinoma of no special type; nuclear ubiquitous casein and cyclin-dependent kinases substrate