title: Chopping off the chondrocyte proteome.
abstract: The progressive nature of osteoarthritis is manifested by the dynamic increase of degenerated articular cartilage, which is one of the major characteristics of this debilitating disease. As articular chondrocytes become exposed to inflammatory stress they enter a pro-catabolic state, which leads to the secretion and activation of a plethora of proteases. In aim to detect the disease before massive areas of cartilage are destroyed, various protein and non-protein biomarkers have been examined in bodily fluids and correlated with disease severity. This review will discuss the widely research extracellular degraded products as well as products generated by affected cellular pathways upon increased protease activity. While extracellular components could be more abundant, cleaved cellular proteins are less abundant and are suggested to possess a significant effect on cell metabolism and cartilage secretome. Subtle changes in cell secretome could potentially act as indicators of the chondrocyte metabolic and biological state. Therefore, it is envisioned that combined biomarkers composed of both cell and extracellular-degraded secretome could provide a valuable platform for testing drug efficacy to halt disease progression at its early stages.
authors.affiliation: a Laboratory of Cartilage Biology , Faculty of Dental Medicine, Institute of Dental Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Jerusalem , Israel.
authors.forename: Mona
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dvir-Ginzberg
authors.affiliation: a Laboratory of Cartilage Biology , Faculty of Dental Medicine, Institute of Dental Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Jerusalem , Israel.
authors.forename: Eli
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Reich
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000201:enzymology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D007596:Joints / Q000201:enzymology*; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000201:enzymology*; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D059748:Proteolysis; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001798:Blood Proteins; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases
keywords: Biomarkers; chondrocytes; osteoarthritis; proteolytic enzymes; proteome