title: The parent-child dyad and risk perceptions among parents who quit smoking.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Most parental smokers are deeply invested in their child's health, but it is unknown what factors influence parent risk perceptions of the effects of smoking on their child's health and benefits to the child of cessation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To explore differences in former versus current smokers' beliefs about harm of continuing to smoke, benefits of quitting, and how much smoking interferes with their parenting.
  
  
  METHODS
  As part of a cluster RCT to increase tobacco control in the pediatric setting, we analyzed data collected at the ten control arm practices for 24 months starting in May 2010; a cross-sectional secondary data analysis was conducted in 2013. Parents were asked about smoking status and perceived harm, benefit, and well-being related to smoking behaviors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 981 enrolled smoking parents, 710 (72.4%) were contacted at 12 months. The odds of having successfully quit at 12 months was 4.12 times more likely (95% CI=1.57, 10.8) for parents who believed that quitting will benefit their children; 1.68 times more likely (95% CI=1.13, 2.51) for parents with more than a high school education; and 1.74 times greater (95% CI=1.13, 2.68) for parents with children under age 3 years. Another factor associated with having successfully quit was a prior quit attempt.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Providers' smoking-cessation advice and support should begin early and underscore how cessation will benefit the health and well-being of patients' children. Additionally, parents who have recently attempted to quit may be particularly primed for another attempt.
authors.affiliation: Division of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio. Electronic address: melinda.mahabee-gittens@cchmc.org.
authors.forename: E Melinda
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Mahabee-Gittens
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Department of Pediatrics, Health Behavior Research Clinic, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Bradley N
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.affiliation: Center for Child and Adolescent Health Research and Policy, Tobacco Research and Treatment Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Sybil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Heide
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.affiliation: General Medicine Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Yuchiao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Center for Child and Adolescent Health Research and Policy, Tobacco Research and Treatment Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Janelle
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dempsey
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Research in Office Settings, American Academy of Pediatrics, Elk Grove Village, Illinois.
authors.forename: Victoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Weiley
authors.affiliation: Center for Child and Adolescent Health Research and Policy, Tobacco Research and Treatment Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Richmond Center of Excellence, American Academy of Pediatrics, Elk Grove Village, Illinois.
authors.forename: Jonathan P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Winickoff
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000523:psychology; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult