title: Cell membrane-anchored biosensors for real-time monitoring of the cellular microenvironment.
abstract: Cell membrane-anchored biochemical sensors that allow real-time monitoring of the interactions of cells with their microenvironment would be powerful tools for studying the mechanisms underlying various biological processes, such as cell metabolism and signaling. Despite the significance of these techniques, unfortunately, their development has lagged far behind due to the lack of a desirable membrane engineering method. Here, we propose a simple, efficient, biocompatible, and universal strategy for one-step self-construction of cell-surface sensors using diacyllipid-DNA conjugates as the building and sensing elements. The sensors exploit the high membrane-insertion capacity of a diacyllipid tail and good sensing performance of the DNA probes. Based on this strategy, we have engineered specific DNAzymes on the cell membrane for metal ion assay in the extracellular microspace. The immobilized DNAzyme showed excellent performance for reporting and semiquantifying both exogenous and cell-extruded target metal ions in real time. This membrane-anchored sensor could also be used for multiple target detection by having different DNA probes inserted, providing potentially useful tools for versatile applications in cell biology, biomedical research, drug discovery, and tissue engineering.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Molecular Engineering for Theranostics, Hunan University , Changsha, 410082, China.
authors.forename: Liping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jianhui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Cuichen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Guizhi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Mingxu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: Xigao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Liqin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Ruqin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Weihong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tan
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000737:chemistry; D060833:Cellular Microenvironment; D015342:DNA Probes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D021881:DNA, Catalytic / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D061925:Immobilized Nucleic Acids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D007477:Ions / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry*; D008670:Metals / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015342:DNA Probes; D021881:DNA, Catalytic; D061925:Immobilized Nucleic Acids; D007477:Ions; D008055:Lipids; D008670:Metals