title: Factors influencing adoption of and adherence to indoor smoking bans among health disparity communities.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We assessed current home smoking behaviors and secondhand smoke (SHS) levels among parents of children in low-income, racial/ethnic minority communities in Massachusetts.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used a cross-sectional design to assess home smoking rules, smoking status, cigarettes smoked in the home, and barriers and benefits to attaining a smoke-free home among 138 caregivers (mean age=30.0 years; 92% women) of children aged 0 to 6 years, between April 2010 and September 2012. Indoor SHS was assessed using a nicotine dosimeter.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Households with no ban reported a higher weekly mean number of cigarettes smoked in the home (114 cigarettes/week) than homes with partial (71 cigarettes/week) or complete (30 cigarettes/week) bans (P<.01). Smoking occurred outside more than inside homes with partial or complete bans. Air nicotine levels were positively associated with no household smoking ban, current smoking by the caregiver, and smoking indoors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Strategies to reduce home SHS should focus on a "complete" home smoking ban and smoking cessation. SHS mitigation strategies such as smoking outside were associated with lower SHS among participants unable to maintain a complete ban, and might enhance the likelihood of longer term success while immediately reducing home SHS.
authors.affiliation: Vaughan W. Rees and Robyn R. Keske are with the Center for Global Tobacco Control, Department of Social & Behavioral Sciences, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA. Kevin Blaine and Alan C. Geller are with the Department of Social & Behavioral Sciences, Harvard School of Public Health. David Aronstein and Ediss Gandelman are with the Boston Alliance for Community Health. Vilma Lora is with the City of Lawrence Mayor's Health Task Force, MA. Clara Savage is with Common Pathways CHNA 8, Worcester, MA.
authors.forename: Vaughan W
authors.initials: VW
authors.lastname: Rees
authors.forename: Robyn R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Keske
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Blaine
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Aronstein
authors.forename: Ediss
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gandelman
authors.forename: Vilma
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lora
authors.forename: Clara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Savage
authors.forename: Alan C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Geller
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008404:Massachusetts; D010290:Parents; D011203:Poverty / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012111:Residence Characteristics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution