title: Changes in oxidative stress in response to different levels of energy restriction in obese ponies.
abstract: The present study evaluated the effect of different levels of energy restriction on metabolic parameters in obese ponies. Relative weight changes, markers of lipid metabolism and oxidant/antioxidant balance were monitored. A total of eighteen obese (body condition score ≥ 7/9) Shetland ponies were studied over a 23·5-week trial, which was divided into three periods. The first period involved a 4-week adaptation period in which each animal was fed 100% of their maintenance energy requirements needed to maintain a stable obese body weight (MERob). This was followed by a 16·5-week weight-loss period in which ponies were assigned to receive either 100% (control group, CONTROL), 80% (slow weight-loss (SLOW) group) or 60% (rapid weight-loss (RAPID) group) of their MERob. During the 3-week end-phase period, all ponies were again fed 100% of their MERob. Relative weight loss was higher in the RAPID group (P< 0·001) compared with the SLOW group. No linear relationship was found as a doubling of the percentage of energy restriction was accompanied by a tripling of the percentage of weight loss. Relative weight gain afterwards in the end-phase period was higher in the RAPID group (P< 0·001) compared with the SLOW and CONTROL groups. During the weight-loss period, TAG and NEFA concentrations were highest in the RAPID group, as were α-tocopherol and ferric-reducing ability of plasma concentrations. After 8 weeks of weight loss, the concentrations of advanced oxidation protein products were higher in the RAPID group compared with the SLOW and CONTROL groups (P< 0·001). In conclusion, the level of energy restriction influences the extent of changes in oxidant/antioxidant balance. Practically, more severe energy restriction regimens may be associated with a greater regain of weight after the restriction period.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Genetics and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University,Heidestraat 19,B-9820Merelbeke,Belgium.
authors.forename: Lien
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bruynsteen
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Genetics and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University,Heidestraat 19,B-9820Merelbeke,Belgium.
authors.forename: Geert P J
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Janssens
authors.affiliation: Equine Studies Group, WALTHAM Centre for Pet Nutrition, Freeby Lane, Waltham-on-the-Wolds, Melton Mowbray,LeicestershireLE14 4RT,UK.
authors.forename: Patricia A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.affiliation: Department of Comparative Physiology and Biometry,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University,Merelbeke,Belgium.
authors.forename: Luc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Duchateau
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Science,University of Turin,Torino,Italy.
authors.forename: Emanuela
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Valle
authors.affiliation: Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Genova,Genova,Italy.
authors.forename: Patrizio
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Odetti
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Genetics and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University,Heidestraat 19,B-9820Merelbeke,Belgium.
authors.forename: Kimberley
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vandevelde
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Livestock Physiology, Immunology and Genetics of Domestic Animals, Department of Biosystems, K.U. Leuven,Heverlee,Belgium.
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Buyse
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Genetics and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University,Heidestraat 19,B-9820Merelbeke,Belgium.
authors.forename: Myriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hesta
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017849:Animals, Inbred Strains; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D031204:Caloric Restriction / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000662:veterinary*; D002369:Castration / Q000662:veterinary; D004038:Diet, Reducing / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000662:veterinary*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy*; D006736:Horses; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D012008:Recurrence; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D015854:Up-Regulation; D015430:Weight Gain; D015431:Weight Loss; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001798:Blood Proteins; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D014280:Triglycerides; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol