title: Mulberry water extracts inhibit atherosclerosis through suppression of the integrin-β₃/focal adhesion kinase complex and downregulation of nuclear factor κB signaling in vivo and in vitro.
abstract: Previous studies have shown that mulberry water extracts (MWEs), which contain polyphenolic compounds, have an antiatherosclerotic effect in vivo and in vitro through stimulating apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Histological analysis was performed on atherosclerotic lesions from high-cholesterol diet (HCD)-fed rabbits after treatment with 0.5-1% MWEs for 10 weeks. Immunohistochemistry showed that the expressions of SMA, Ras, and matrix metalloproteinase-2 in the VSMCs were dose-dependently inhibited after MWE treatment. The antimigratory effects of MWEs on A7r5 VSMCs were assessed by western blot analysis of migration-related proteins, visualization of F-actin cytoskeleton, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that MWEs inhibited VSMC migration through reducing interactions of the integrin-β3/focal adhesion kinase complex, alterations of the cytoskeleton, and downregulation of glycogen synthase kinase 3β/nuclear factor κB signaling. Taken together, MWEs inhibited HCD-induced rabbit atherogenesis through blocking VSMC migration via reducing interactions of integrin-β3 and focal adhesion kinase and downregulating migration-related proteins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, ∥Department of Family and Community Medicine, and ⊥Department of Medical Research, Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital , Number 110, Section 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kuei-Chuan
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Hsieh-Hsun
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: Ming-Cheng
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Chi-Hua
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Yen
authors.forename: Chien-Ning
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Hui-Pei
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Chau-Jong
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D039661:Integrin beta3 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D031625:Morus / Q000737:chemistry*; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D039661:Integrin beta3; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010936:Plant Extracts; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
keywords: FAK; NF-κB; atherosclerosis; integrin-β3; migration; mulberry water extracts; vascular smooth muscle cells