title: What Are Adults With Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) Eating? A Closer Look at the Dietary Habits of a Population-Based Canadian IBD Cohort.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A comprehensive study of what individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are eating that encompasses food avoidance, dietary sugar consumption, and a comparison with the non-IBD Canadian population has not been documented. The aim was to analyze these interrelated dietary components.
  
  
  METHODS
  Food avoidance and sugar intake data were collected from 319 patients with IBD enrolled in the University of Manitoba IBD Cohort Study. Diets of those with IBD (n = 256) were compared with a matched, non-IBD Canadian cohort using the nutrition questions obtained from the Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Food avoidance among IBD is prevalent for alcohol, popcorn, legumes, nuts, seeds, deep-fried food, and processed deli meat, with a higher prevalence among those with active IBD. Patients with active IBD also consumed significantly more portions of sports drinks and sweetened beverages compared with those with inactive disease. Compared with the non-IBD Canadian population, patients with IBD consume significantly less iron-rich food but more milk.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Food avoidance is common among those with IBD but may be due more to personal preferences, while sugar-laden beverages may be displacing other foods higher in nutrients. The overall diet of patients with IBD differed from that of the non-IBD Canadian population, but deficiencies were observed in both groups. Considering malnutrition among persons living with IBD, nutrition education by trained dietitians as part of the IBD team is imperative to address food avoidance and overall balance nutrition as part of treating and preventing nutrition deficiencies.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Nutrition and Food Services, Health Sciences Centre and the University of Manitoba IBD Clinical and Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba kvagianos@exchange.hsc.mb.ca.
authors.forename: Kathy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vagianos
authors.affiliation: Departments of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba and the University of Manitoba IBD Clinical and Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba.
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Clara
authors.affiliation: Alberta Health Services and the University of Manitoba IBD Clinical and Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba.
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Carr
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Health Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and the University of Manitoba IBD Clinical and Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba.
authors.forename: Leslie A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Graff
authors.affiliation: Departments of Clinical Health Psychology, University of Manitoba and the University of Manitoba IBD Clinical and Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba.
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.affiliation: University of Manitoba Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology and the University of Manitoba IBD Clinical and Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba.
authors.forename: Laura E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Targownik
authors.affiliation: Departments of Community Health Sciences and the University of Manitoba IBD Clinical and Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba.
authors.forename: Lisa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Lix
authors.affiliation: University of Manitoba IBD Clinical and Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba.
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rogala
authors.affiliation: University of Manitoba IBD Clinical and Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba.
authors.forename: Norine
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: University of Manitoba Departments of Medicine and the University of Manitoba IBD and Clinical Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba.
authors.forename: Charles N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Bernstein
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001628:Beverages; D002170:Canada; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008875:Middle Aged; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D009752:Nutritional Status; D064686:Nutritionists; D064427:Nutritive Sweeteners / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D064427:Nutritive Sweeteners
keywords: gastroenterology; nutrition; nutrition assessment; research and diseases; vitamins