title: Tooth shade measurements under standard and nonstandard illumination and their agreement with skin color.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between skin color (shade) and tooth shade under standard and nonstandard illumination sources.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four hundred Jordanian participants (200 males, 200 females, 20 to 50 years of age) were studied. Skin colors were assessed and categorized using the L'Oreal and Revlon foundation shade guides (light, medium, dark). The Vita Pan Classical Shade Guide (VPCSG; Vident) and digital Vita EasyShade Intraoral Dental Spectrophotometer (VESIDS; Vident) were used to select shades in the middle thirds of maxillary central incisors; tooth shades were classified into four categories (highest, high, medium, low).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant gender differences were observed for skin colors (P = .000) and tooth shade guide systems (P = .001 and .050 for VPCSG and VESIDS, respectively). The observed agreement was 100% and 93% for skin and tooth shade guides, respectively. The corresponding kappa statistic values were 1.00 and 0.79, respectively (substantial agreement, P < .001). The observed agreement between skin color and tooth shades (VPCSG and VESIDS) was approximately 50%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The digital tooth shade guide system can be a satisfactory substitute for classical tooth shade guides and clinical shade matching. There was only moderate agreement between skin color and tooth shade.
authors.forename: Ziad
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Al-Dwairi
authors.forename: Ashraf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shaweesh
authors.forename: Sohrab
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kamkarfar
authors.forename: Shahrzad
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kamkarfar
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Borzabadi-Farahani
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lynch
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003116:Color; D003118:Color Perception; D055253:Color Vision; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D007597:Jordan; D008029:Lighting / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla; D008875:Middle Aged; D012737:Sex Factors; D012880:Skin Pigmentation; D013053:Spectrophotometry / Q000379:methods; D013472:Sunlight; D055815:Young Adult