title: High body fat and low muscle mass are associated with increased arterial stiffness in Asian Indians in North India.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the associations of high body fat and low muscle mass with arterial stiffness in Asian Indians with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in North India.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this cross sectional study, subjects with T2DM (males n=110, females n=58, mean age: 53.8±10.0years) were recruited. Anthropometry and body composition analysis were performed and measures of glycemia, lipids and PWV were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant positive correlation was observed between PWV and body fat (p<0.05), left leg fat (p<0.05), and right leg fat (p<0.01) percentages only in females. In males, significant negative correlation was observed between PWV and truncal fat free mass (p<0.05) and fat free mass in right arm (p=0.05) and left arm (p<0.05). In both males and females, significant negative correlation was observed between PWV and fat free mass in left leg (p<0.01) and for right leg fat free mass only in females.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Excess adiposity and low fat free mass are associated with arterial stiffening in Asian Indians with T2DM in North India, with significant gender differences.
authors.affiliation: Center of Nutrition & Metabolic Research (C-NET), National Diabetes, Obesity and Cholesterol Foundation (N-DOC), SDA, New Delhi, India; Diabetes Foundation (India), SDA, New Delhi.
authors.forename: Shajith
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Anoop
authors.affiliation: Center of Nutrition & Metabolic Research (C-NET), National Diabetes, Obesity and Cholesterol Foundation (N-DOC), SDA, New Delhi, India; Diabetes Foundation (India), SDA, New Delhi; Fortis C-DOC Centre of Excellence for Diabetes, Metabolic Diseases and Endocrinology, Chirag Enclave, Nehru place, New Delhi; Fortis Flt. Lt. Rajan Dhall Hospital, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, India. Electronic address: anoopmisra@metabolicresearchindia.com.
authors.forename: Anoop
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Misra
authors.affiliation: Center of Nutrition & Metabolic Research (C-NET), National Diabetes, Obesity and Cholesterol Foundation (N-DOC), SDA, New Delhi, India; Diabetes Foundation (India), SDA, New Delhi.
authors.forename: Swati
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bhardwaj
authors.affiliation: Center of Nutrition & Metabolic Research (C-NET), National Diabetes, Obesity and Cholesterol Foundation (N-DOC), SDA, New Delhi, India; Diabetes Foundation (India), SDA, New Delhi.
authors.forename: Seema
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gulati
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue; D044466:Asian People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D009133:Muscular Atrophy / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D009765:Obesity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology*; D009929:Organ Size; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D017678:Sex Distribution; D059289:Vascular Stiffness / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Arterial stiffness; Asian Indians; High body fat; Muscle mass; Type 2 diabetes