title: Concurrent speed endurance and resistance training improves performance, running economy, and muscle NHE1 in moderately trained runners.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine whether speed endurance training (SET, repeated 30-s sprints) and heavy resistance training (HRT, 80-90% of 1 repetition maximum) performed in succession are compatible and lead to performance improvements in moderately trained endurance runners. For an 8-wk intervention period (INT) 23 male runners [maximum oxygen uptake (V̇O(2max)) 59 ± 1 ml·min(-1)·kg(-1); values are means ± SE] either maintained their training (CON, n = 11) or performed high-intensity concurrent training (HICT, n = 12) consisting of two weekly sessions of SET followed by HRT and two weekly sessions of aerobic training with an average reduction in running distance of 42%. After 4 wk of HICT, performance was improved (P < 0.05) in a 10-km run (42:30 ± 1:07 vs. 44:11 ± 1:08 min:s) with no further improvement during the last 4 wk. Performance in a 1,500-m run (5:10 ± 0:05 vs. 5:27 ± 0:08 min:s) and in the Yo-Yo IR2 test (706 ± 97 vs. 491 ± 65 m) improved (P < 0.001) only following 8 wk of INT. In HICT, running economy (189 ± 4 vs. 195 ± 4 ml·kg(-1)·km(-1)), muscle content of NHE1 (35%) and dynamic muscle strength was augmented (P < 0.01) after compared with before INT, whereas V̇O(2max), muscle morphology, capillarization, content of muscle Na(+)/K(+) pump subunits, and MCT4 were unaltered. No changes were observed in CON. The present study demonstrates that SET and HRT, when performed in succession, lead to improvements in both short- and long-term running performance together with improved running economy as well as increased dynamic muscle strength and capacity for muscular H(+) transport in moderately trained endurance runners.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Section of Integrated Physiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; and Team Danmark (Danish Elite Sport Organization), Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Casper
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Skovgaard
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Section of Integrated Physiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; and Team Danmark (Danish Elite Sport Organization), Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Peter M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Section of Integrated Physiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; and.
authors.forename: Sonni
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Larsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Section of Integrated Physiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; and.
authors.forename: Thomas Rostgaard
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Section of Integrated Physiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; and.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thomassen
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Section of Integrated Physiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; and jbangsbo@ifi.ku.dk.
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bangsbo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005080:Exercise Test; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D053580:Muscle Strength; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010807:Physical Endurance; D020127:Recovery of Function; D055070:Resistance Training; D012420:Running; D000074082:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger 1; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers / Q000378:metabolism*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D027682:Cation Transport Proteins; C490998:SLC9A1 protein, human; D000074082:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger 1; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers
keywords: Vo2 kinetics; concurrent training; heavy resistance training; performance; running economy; speed endurance training