title: What happens to food choices when a gluten-free diet is required? A prospective longitudinal population-based study among Swedish adolescent with coeliac disease and their peers.
abstract: A dietary survey was performed during a large screening study in Sweden among 13-year-old adolescents. The aim was to study how the intake of food groups was affected by a screening-detected diagnosis of coeliac disease (CD) and its gluten-free (GF) treatment. Food intake was reported using a FFQ, and intake reported by the adolescents who were diagnosed with CD was compared with the intake of two same-aged referent groups: (i) adolescents diagnosed with CD prior to screening; and (ii) adolescents without CD. The food intake groups were measured at baseline before the screening-detected cases were aware of their CD, and 12-18 months later. The results showed that food intakes were affected by screen-detected CD and its dietary treatment. Many flour-based foods were reduced such as pizza, fish fingers and pastries. The results also indicated that bread intake was lower before the screened diagnosis compared with the other studied groups, but increased afterwards. Specially manufactured GF products (for example, pasta and bread) were frequently used in the screened CD group after changing to a GF diet. The present results suggest that changing to a GF diet reduces the intake of some popular foods, and the ingredients on the plate are altered, but this do not necessarily include a change of food groups. The availability of manufactured GF replacement products makes it possible for adolescents to keep many of their old food habits when diagnosed with CD in Sweden.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition , Umeå University , Umeå , Sweden ; Umeå School of Gender Studies , Umeå University , Umeå , Sweden.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kautto
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition , Umeå University , Umeå , Sweden.
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Rydén
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology and Global Health , Umeå University , Umeå , Sweden.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ivarsson
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition , Umeå University , Umeå , Sweden.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Olsson
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology and Global Health , Umeå University , Umeå , Sweden.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Norström
authors.affiliation: Division of Paediatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Science , Linköping University , Linköping , Sweden ; Department of Paediatrics in Norrköping , County Council of Östergötland , Norrköping , Sweden.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Högberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics , Lund University , Lund , Sweden.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carlsson
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition , Umeå University , Umeå , Sweden.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hagfors
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition , Umeå University , Umeå , Sweden.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hörnell
keywords: CD, coeliac disease; Coeliac disease; ETICS, Exploring the Iceberg of Celiacs in Sweden; EU, European Union; FIL, food intake level; Food choices; GF, gluten free; Gluten-free diets; PAL, physical activity level; Screening