title: Spatial mapping of drug delivery to brain tissue using hyperspectral spatial frequency-domain imaging.
abstract: We present an application of spatial frequency-domain imaging (SFDI) to the wide-field imaging of drug delivery to brain tissue. Measurements were compared with values obtained by a previously validated variation of diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, the method of optical pharmacokinetics (OP). We demonstrate a crosscorrelation between the two methods for absorption extraction and drug concentration determination in both experimental tissue phantoms and freshly extracted rodent brain tissue. These methods were first used to assess intra-arterial (IA) delivery of cationic liposomes to brain tissue in Sprague Dawley rats under transient cerebral hypoperfusion. Results were found to be in agreement with previously published experimental data and pharmacokinetic models of IA drug delivery. We then applied the same scheme to evaluate IA mitoxantrone delivery to glioma-bearing rats. Good correlation was seen between OP and SFDI determined concentrations taken from normal and tumor averaged sites. This study shows the feasibility of mapping drug/tracer distributions and encourages the use of SFDI for spatial imaging of tissues for drug/tracer-tagged carrier deposition and pharmacokinetic studies.
authors.affiliation: Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Department of Anesthesiology, 630 West 168th Street, New York, New York 10032, United States.
authors.forename: Rajinder P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Singh-Moon
authors.affiliation: Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 44 Cummington Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States.
authors.forename: Darren M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Roblyer
authors.affiliation: Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 44 Cummington Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United StatescBoston University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 44 Cummington Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States.
authors.forename: Irving J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Bigio
authors.affiliation: Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Department of Anesthesiology, 630 West 168th Street, New York, New York 10032, United States.
authors.forename: Shailendra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Joshi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005910:Glioma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008081:Liposomes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008942:Mitoxantrone / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D061848:Optical Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D008081:Liposomes; D008942:Mitoxantrone