title: Prethreshold retinopathy in premature infants with intrauterine growth restriction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine, among very preterm newborns, whether those who are growth-restricted are at increased risk of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), and to explore whether the mixed findings of prior studies are the consequence of sampling based upon birthweight instead of gestational age.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using data from the ELGAN Study, we created logistic regression models of prethreshold ROP risk to adjust for confounders and calculate odds ratios and 99% confidence intervals. We created scatter plots to display the gestational age/birthweight relationship in infants enrolled in studies with different selection criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Low gestational age [23-24 weeks, OR 11.6 (2.9, 47); 25-26 weeks, 8.1 (2.1, 32)] and severe growth restriction [birthweight Z-score <-2, OR 9.1 (1.1, 76)] were associated with increased risk of prethreshold ROP. We documented in scatter plots that a sample defined by birthweight has an excess of gestationally older, severely growth-restricted newborns.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this sample, low gestational age and severe growth restriction were associated with increased risk of prethreshold ROP.
authors.affiliation: Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: VanderVeen
authors.forename: Elizabeth N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Allred
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leviton
authors.forename: Olaf
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Dammann
mesh_terms: D001724:Birth Weight; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D062071:Infant, Extremely Premature; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012178:Retinopathy of Prematurity / Q000453:epidemiology*
keywords: Extremely low gestational age newborn; Growth restriction; Prematurity; Retinopathy; Retinopathy of prematurity