title: Inhibition of xanthine oxidase and exercise on serum uric acid, 25(OH)D3, and calcium concentrations.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It has been shown that serum concentrations of 1,25(OH)2D3 are decreased in patients with gout. A short-term administration of allopurinol increases plasma concentrations of 1,25(OH)2D3 in mild to moderate renal failure, with or without hyperuricemia. It has been reported that subjects who perform regular vigorous and/ or moderate physical activities have higher plasma and serum 25(OH)D3 levels. However, little is known about the influence of allopurinol and/or physical exercise on serum 25(OH)D3 concentrations in humans.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated the effect of allopurinol administration and/or physical activity on vitamin D metabolism by measuring serum uric acid, 25(OH)D3, and calcium levels in twelve professional soccer players.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The athletes supplemented with allopurinol, but not those who received placebo, exhibited a significant decrease in uric acid serum concentrations after the match. We also found a significant increase in serum calcium and 25(OH)D3 concentrations in the supplemented group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that allopurinol administration might be an effective drug to lower hyperuricemia and treat hypovitaminosis D.
authors.forename: Fabian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sanchis-Gomar
authors.forename: Gian Luca
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Salvagno
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lippi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000493:Allopurinol / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D056352:Athletes; D002112:Calcifediol / Q000097:blood*; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood*; D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015444:Exercise; D006801:Humans; D033461:Hyperuricemia / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D012916:Soccer; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000188:drug therapy; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D014527:Uric Acid; D000493:Allopurinol; D002482:Cellulose; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase; D002112:Calcifediol; D002118:Calcium