title: A review of structural neuroimaging in schizophrenia: from connectivity to connectomics.
abstract: In patients with schizophrenia neuroimaging studies have revealed global differences with some brain regions showing focal abnormalities. Examining neurocircuitry, diffusion-weighted imaging studies have identified altered structural integrity of white matter in frontal and temporal brain regions and tracts such as the cingulum bundles, uncinate fasciculi, internal capsules and corpus callosum associated with the illness. Furthermore, structural co-variance analyses have revealed altered structural relationships among regional morphology in the thalamus, frontal, temporal and parietal cortices in schizophrenia patients. The distributed nature of these abnormalities in schizophrenia suggests that multiple brain circuits are impaired, a neural feature that may be better addressed with network level analyses. However, even with the advent of these newer analyses, a large amount of variability in findings remains, likely partially due to the considerable heterogeneity present in this disorder.
authors.affiliation: Kimel Family Translational Imaging Genetics Laboratory, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Research Imaging Centre Toronto, ON, Canada ; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Anne L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Wheeler
authors.affiliation: Kimel Family Translational Imaging Genetics Laboratory, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Research Imaging Centre Toronto, ON, Canada ; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Aristotle N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Voineskos
keywords: connectivity; connectomics; diffusion tensor imaging; magnetic resonance imaging; schizophrenia; white matter