title: 5-Caffeoylquinic acid decreases diet-induced obesity in rats by modulating PPARα and LXRα transcription.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chlorogenic acids (CGAs) are widely distributed in plant material, including foods and beverages. 5-Caffeoylquinic acid (5-CQA) is the most studied CGA, but the mechanism of its hypolipidaemic effect remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the effect of 5-CQA on lipid metabolism in the liver of Sprague-Dawley rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD).
  
  
  RESULTS
  5-CQA suppressed HFD-induced increases in body weight and visceral fat-pad weight, serum lipid levels, and serum and hepatic free fatty acids in a dose-dependent manner. Real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed that 5-CQA altered the mRNA expression of the transcription factors peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and liver X receptor α (LXRα) and target genes involved in hepatic fatty acid uptake, β-oxidation, fatty acid synthesis, and cholesterol synthesis. Moreover, hepatic tissue sections from HFD-fed rats showed many empty vacuoles, suggesting that liver cells were filled with more fat droplets. However, 5-CQA significantly ameliorated this effect.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  5-CQA may improve lipid metabolism disorders by altering the expression of PPARα and LXRα, which are involved in multiple intracellular signalling pathways.
authors.affiliation: College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China.
authors.forename: Kang
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China.
authors.forename: Xiu-ci
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China.
authors.forename: Ying-li
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China.
authors.forename: Wan-yan
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000818:Animals; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000071518:Liver X Receptors; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D047493:PPAR alpha / Q000819:agonists* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011801:Quinic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011897:Random Allocation; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D008055:Lipids; D000071518:Liver X Receptors; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors; D047493:PPAR alpha; D011801:Quinic Acid; C000605215:Nr1h3 protein, rat; C473200:5-caffeoylquinic acid
keywords: 5-CQA; CGA; LXRα; PPARα; lipid metabolism; obesity