title: Anthropogenic land use shapes the composition and phylogenetic structure of soil arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities.
abstract: Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi play an important role in ecosystems, but little is known about how soil AM fungal community composition varies in relation to habitat type and land-use intensity. We molecularly characterized AM fungal communities in soil samples (n = 88) from structurally open (permanent grassland, intensive and sustainable agriculture) and forested habitats (primeval forest and spruce plantation). The habitats harboured significantly different AM fungal communities, and there was a broad difference in fungal community composition between forested and open habitats, the latter being characterized by higher average AM fungal richness. Within both open and forest habitats, intensive land use significantly influenced community composition. There was a broad difference in the phylogenetic structure of AM fungal communities between mechanically disturbed and nondisturbed habitats. Taxa from Glomeraceae served as indicator species for the nondisturbed habitats, while taxa from Archaeosporaceae, Claroideoglomeraceae and Diversisporaceae were indicators for the disturbed habitats. The distribution of these indicator taxa among habitat types in the MaarjAM global database of AM fungal diversity was in accordance with their local indicator status.
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
authors.forename: Mari
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moora
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Davison
authors.forename: Maarja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Öpik
authors.forename: Madis
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Metsis
authors.forename: Ülle
authors.initials: Ü
authors.lastname: Saks
authors.forename: Teele
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jairus
authors.forename: Martti
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vasar
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zobel
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D001483:Base Sequence; D004957:Estonia; D065928:Forests; D055137:Glomeromycota / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D065948:Grassland; D059013:Microbial Consortia; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D038821:Mycorrhizae; D010802:Phylogeny; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012987:Soil; D012988:Soil Microbiology
chemical_list: D012987:Soil
keywords: 454 pyrosequencing; AMF; disturbance; habitat types; soil biodiversity