title: Anatomical Variations of the Blood Vascular System in Veterinary Medicine: The Internal Iliac Artery of the Dog: Part One.
abstract: Traditional veterinary anatomical models describe the branches of the caudal gluteal artery as the iliolumbar, cranial gluteal, lateral caudal, satellite of the ischiatic nerve and dorsal perineal arteries. However, some classical veterinary anatomy textbooks often indicate variations the general organization of the arterial tree, without giving any pattern of origin or illustrations of the different branching. The aim of this study was to investigate the presumptive variability of the caudal gluteal artery. Two hundred and thirty-two pelvic halves from 116 adult dogs were examined. Twelve anatomical variations were found, nine occurring in more than 5% of the dogs, and three in <5%. A 'long-type' internal iliac artery, which means short caudal gluteal and internal pudendal arteries, was identified, while a 'perineal trunk' was observed as an interesting arterial variation. If the caudal segment alone is taken into consideration, identical vascular patterns in both hemi-pelvises are found in 17% of the dogs. Significant statistical correlation was found for four different types of anatomic variations and gender, two types of variations and body size, one type of variation for body side and one type of variation for head shape.
authors.affiliation: Clínica Veterinaria Villaluenga, Villaluenga de la Sagra, Toledo, Spain.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Avedillo
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Embryology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, Madrid, 28040, Spain.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Martín-Alguacil
authors.affiliation: Unit of Anatomy and Embryology, Department of Anatomy and Animal Production, Veterinary School, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Salazar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004285:Dogs / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005260:Female; D007083:Iliac Artery / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D008297:Male; D010388:Pelvis / Q000098:blood supply*; D012016:Reference Values