title: Lymphomatosis cerebri mimicking iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
abstract: Lymphomatosis cerebri (LC) is a rare variant of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) whereby individual lymphoma cells infiltrate the cerebral white matter without causing a mass effect. The disease characteristically presents as a rapidly progressive dementia, which opens an ample differential diagnosis of toxic, metabolic, neurodegenerative and infective causes. Other presentations also include changes in personality, myoclonus and psychotic symptoms. Here we report a patient who presented with a rapidly progressive dementia with a unique surgical history of a dural mater graft in the 1970s. The diagnosis of iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (iCJD) was initially considered. However, the patient's clinical status deteriorated rapidly with no response to symptomatic treatment and she died 2 months after symptom onset. A diagnosis of T-type LC was reached at autopsy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Hospital Clinico Universitario Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rivero Sanz
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinico Universitario Lozano Blesa, Zaragoa, Spain.
authors.forename: Miguel Ángel
authors.initials: MÁ
authors.lastname: Torralba Cabeza
authors.affiliation: Fundación Hospital de Calahorra, Calahorra, Spain.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sanjuán Portugal
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra-Hospital Virgen del Camino, Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: García-Bragado
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D007562:Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003704:Dementia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007049:Iatrogenic Disease; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications