title: Screening, isolation and optimization of anti-white spot syndrome virus drug derived from terrestrial plants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To screen, isolate and optimize anti-white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) drug derived from various terrestrial plants and to evaluate the efficacy of the same in host-pathogen interaction model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty plants were subjected to Soxhlet extraction using water, ethanol, methanol and hexane as solvents. The 120 plant isolates thus obtained were screened for their in vivo anti-WSSV property in Litopenaeus vannamei. The best anti-WSSV plant isolate, TP22C was isolated and further analyzed. The drug was optimized at various concentrations. Viral and immune genes were analysed using reverse transcriptase PCR to confirm the potency of the drug.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven plant isolates exhibited significant survivability in host. The drug TP22C thus formulated showed 86% survivability in host. The surviving shrimps were nested PCR negative at the end of the 15 d experimentation. The lowest concentration of TP22C required intramuscularly for virucidal property was 10 mg/mL. The oral dosage of 750 mg/kg body weight/day survived at the rate of 86%. Neither VP28 nor ie 1 was expressed in the test samples at 42nd hour and 84th hour post viral infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The drug TP22C derived from Momordica charantia is a potent anti-white spot syndrome virus drug.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai-608 502, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Upasana
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai-608 502, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Somnath
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chakraborty
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai-608 502, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Thangavel
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Balasubramanian
authors.affiliation: National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Punyabrata
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Das
keywords: Anti–WSSV; Litopenaeus vannamei; Shrimps; TP22C; Terrestrial plants; White spot syndrome virus