title: Membrane organization of virus and target cell plays a role in HIV entry.
abstract: The initial steps of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) replication cycle play a crucial role that arbitrates viral tropism and infection efficiency. Before the release of its genome into the host cell cytoplasm, viruses operate a complex sequence of events that take place at the plasma membrane of the target cell. The first step is the binding of the HIV protein envelope (Env) to the cellular receptor CD4. This triggers conformational changes of the gp120 viral protein that allow its interaction with a co-receptor that can be either CCR5 or CXCR4, defining the tropism of the virus entering the cell. This sequential interaction finally drives the fusion of the viral and host cell membrane or to the endocytosis of the viruses. Here, we discuss how the membrane composition and organization of both the virus and the target cell can affect these steps and thus influence the capability of the viruses to infect cells.
authors.affiliation: CNRS, IPBS (Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale), 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, UPS, IPBS, F-31077 Toulouse, France. Electronic address: fabricedumas@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Fabrice
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dumas
authors.affiliation: CNRS, IPBS (Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale), 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Preira
authors.affiliation: CNRS, IPBS (Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale), 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France. Electronic address: laurence.salome@ipbs.fr.
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Salomé
mesh_terms: D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000378:metabolism; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D011485:Protein Binding; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000378:metabolism; D053586:Virus Internalization
chemical_list: C584933:CCR5 protein, human; D015704:CD4 Antigens; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D019713:Receptors, CCR5; C514793:gp120 protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1
keywords: HIV; Lipids; Membrane dynamics