title: Engineering biomaterials surfaces to modulate the host response.
abstract: Undesirable host response is responsible for the surface induced thrombus generation, activation of the complement system and the inflammatory reactions by the blood-contacting biomaterials. The surface interaction of biomaterials with different blood components is thought to be the critical factor that dictates the host response to biomaterials. Surface engineering can be utilized as a method to enhance the biocompatibility and tailor the biological response to biomaterials. This review provides a brief account of various polymer brush based approaches used for biomaterials surface modification, both passive and bioactive, to make the material surfaces biocompatible and antibacterial. Initially we discuss the utilization of polymer brushes with different structure and chemistry as a novel strategy to design the surface non-fouling that passively prevent the subsequent biological responses. Further we explore the utility of different bioactive agents including peptides, carbohydrates and proteins which can be conjugated the polymer brush to make the surface actively interact with the body and modulate the host response. A number of such avenues have also been explored in this review.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mei
authors.affiliation: Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada.
authors.forename: Narges
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hadjesfandiari
authors.affiliation: Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6 T 1Z3, Canada. Electronic address: jay@pathology.ubc.ca.
authors.forename: Jayachandran N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Kizhakkedathu
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D011108:Polymers
keywords: Antimicrobial surfaces; Biomaterials-surface engineering; Blood coagulation; Complement activation; Non-fouling surfaces; Polymer brushes