title: Gemcitabine-induced radiation recall myositis.
abstract: Radiation recall is an uncommon phenomenon in which administration of a chemotherapeutic agent induces an acute inflammatory reaction in previously irradiated tissues, often weeks to years after completion of radiotherapy. This entity is well known to medical and radiation oncologists, however only three cases have been reported in radiology journals. We present a case of gemcitabine-induced radiation recall that manifested as myositis with associated dermatitis in the posterior thigh of a patient with remote history of localized radiotherapy for biopsy-proven breast cancer metastasis. We also present a brief literature review to update the topic of radiation recall in imaging, and emphasize the importance of knowledge of this phenomenon when considering the differential diagnosis of myositis/dermatitis in a patient who has received cancer treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3808, Durham, NC, 27710, USA, jadelava@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Joshua Adam
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Delavan
authors.forename: Junzo P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Chino
authors.forename: Emily N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Vinson
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009220:Myositis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D011836:Radiation Tolerance / Q000187:drug effects*; D011859:Radiography; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D000093542:Gemcitabine
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D003841:Deoxycytidine; D000093542:Gemcitabine