title: The influence of IL-10 and TNFα on chondrogenesis of human mesenchymal stromal cells in three-dimensional cultures.
abstract: Chondrogenic differentiated mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a promising cell source for articular cartilage repair. This study was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of two three-dimensional (3D) culture systems for chondrogenic MSC differentiation in comparison to primary chondrocytes and to assess the effect of Interleukin (IL)-10 and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)α on chondrogenesis by MSCs in 3D high-density (H-D) culture. MSCs were isolated from femur spongiosa, characterized using a set of typical markers and introduced in scaffold-free H-D cultures or non-woven polyglycolic acid (PGA) scaffolds for chondrogenic differentiation. H-D cultures were stimulated with recombinant IL-10, TNFα, TNFα + IL-10 or remained untreated. Gene and protein expression of type II collagen, aggrecan, sox9 and TNFα were examined. MSCs expressed typical cell surface markers and revealed multipotency. Chondrogenic differentiated cells expressed cartilage-specific markers in both culture systems but to a lower extent when compared with articular chondrocytes. Chondrogenesis was more pronounced in PGA compared with H-D culture. IL-10 and/or TNFα did not impair the chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs. Moreover, in most of the investigated samples, despite not reaching significance level, IL-10 had a stimulatory effect on the type II collagen, aggrecan and TNFα expression when compared with the respective controls.
authors.affiliation: Department for Orthopedic, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 14195 Berlin, Garystrasse 5, Germany. michal.jagielski@charite.de.
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jagielski
authors.affiliation: Department for Orthopedic, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 14195 Berlin, Garystrasse 5, Germany. tgjpw@web.de.
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.affiliation: Department for Orthopedic, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 14195 Berlin, Garystrasse 5, Germany. umarzahn@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ulrike
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Marzahn
authors.affiliation: Department for Orthopedic, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 14195 Berlin, Garystrasse 5, Germany. anna.voelker@medizin.uni-leipzig.de.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Völker
authors.affiliation: Department for Orthopedic, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 14195 Berlin, Garystrasse 5, Germany. marion.lemke@charite.de.
authors.forename: Marion
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lemke
authors.affiliation: Department for Orthopedic, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 14195 Berlin, Garystrasse 5, Germany. carola.meier@charite.de.
authors.forename: Carola
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Meier
authors.affiliation: Department for Orthopedic, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 14195 Berlin, Garystrasse 5, Germany. wolfgang.ertel@charite.de.
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ertel
authors.affiliation: Department for Orthopedic, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 14195 Berlin, Garystrasse 5, Germany. owen.godkin@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Owen
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Godkin
authors.affiliation: Department for Orthopedic, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 14195 Berlin, Garystrasse 5, Germany. stephan.arens@charite.de.
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arens
authors.affiliation: Department for Orthopedic, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 14195 Berlin, Garystrasse 5, Germany. gundula.schulze-tanzil@charite.de.
authors.forename: Gundula
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schulze-Tanzil
mesh_terms: D053674:Aggrecans / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D020219:Chondrogenesis; D024043:Collagen Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D055758:SOX9 Transcription Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D053674:Aggrecans; D024043:Collagen Type II; D055758:SOX9 Transcription Factor; C527932:SOX9 protein, human; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid