title: Facilitating Lewin's change model with collaborative evaluation in promoting evidence based practices of health professionals.
abstract: Evidence based practices (EBPs) in clinical settings interact with and adapt to host organizational characteristics. The contextual factors themselves, surrounding health professions' practices, also adapt as practices become sustained. The authors assert the need for better planning models toward these contextual factors, the influence of which undergird a well-documented science to practice gap in literature on EBPs. The mechanism for EBP planners to anticipate contextual effects as programs Unfreeze their host settings, create Movement, and become Refrozen (Lewin, 1951) is present in Lewin's 3-step change model. Planning for contextual change appears equally important as planning for the actual practice outcomes among providers and patients. Two case studies from a Geriatric Education Center network will illustrate the synthesis of Lewin's three steps with collaborative evaluation principles. The use of the model may become an important tool for continuing education evaluators or organizations beginning a journey toward EBP demonstration projects in clinical settings.
authors.affiliation: Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, United States. Electronic address: Julianne.manchester@case.edu.
authors.forename: Julianne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Manchester
authors.affiliation: Rutgers University, College of Nursing, P.O. Box 1536, Mount Laurel, NJ 08054, United States. Electronic address: dmiceli@rutgers.edu.
authors.forename: Deanna L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Gray-Miceli
authors.affiliation: University of New England - Maine, School of Community and Population Health, 716 Stevens Avenue, Portland, ME 04103-2670, United States. Electronic address: jmetcalf@une.edu.
authors.forename: Judith A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Metcalf
authors.affiliation: Campbell University, School of Osteopathic Medicine, PO Box 4280, Buies Creek, NC 27506, United States. Electronic address: paolini@campbell.edu.
authors.forename: Charlotte A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Paolini
authors.affiliation: Mount Desert Island Hospital, PO Box 697, Southwest Harbor, ME 04679, United States. Electronic address: aanexpander@aol.com.
authors.forename: Anne H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Napier
authors.affiliation: Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, 730 East Broad Street, Room 2088, Richmond, VA 23298-0229, United States. Electronic address: ccoogle@vcu.edu.
authors.forename: Constance L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Coogle
authors.affiliation: Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, 730 East Broad Street, Room 2088, Richmond, VA 23298-0229, United States. Electronic address: mgowens@vcu.edu.
authors.forename: Myra G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Owens
mesh_terms: D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D055317:Evidence-Based Practice / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006266:Health Education / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006282:Health Personnel; D006299:Health Services for the Aged / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006801:Humans; D007857:Leadership; D019982:Organizational Case Studies; D009936:Organizational Innovation; D015397:Program Evaluation
keywords: Change theory; Collaborative evaluation; Context; Evidence based practice; Knowledge translation