title: High prevalence of papillary thyroid cancer in Korean women with insulin resistance.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to determine if hyperinsulinemia and/or insulin resistance are/is associated with the prevalence of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) in Korean women.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study included 735 female patients with PTC and 537 female non-PTC control subjects. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the associations between hyperinsulinemia/insulin resistance and the occurrence of PTC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of PTC was significantly correlated with increased insulin, glucose levels, and a high homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). The multivariate adjusted odds ratios for the prevalence of PTC in the highest quartile groups for insulin, glucose, and HOMA-IR were 2.88, 9.32, and 4.07 (all p < .001), respectively, compared with the lowest quartile groups. Pathological analyses revealed that increased serum glucose, insulin levels, and a higher HOMA-IR were associated with the multifocality of PTC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hyperinsulinemia and/or insulin resistance may be associated with the development of PTC, but not disease severity in Korean women.
authors.affiliation: Kim Yong Ki Internal Medicine Clinic, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Min Jung
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.|Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Soo
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.|Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Won Jin
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Busan Veterans Hospital, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Yang Seon
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.|Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Yun Kyung
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.|Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Bo Hyun
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Byung Joo
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Choon
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.|Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: In Joo
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Soo Geun
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Kim Yong Ki Internal Medicine Clinic, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Ki
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology*; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000208:ethnology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D000077273:Thyroid Cancer, Papillary; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin
keywords: hyperglycemia; hyperinsulinemia; insulin resistance; papillary thyroid cancer