title: Epidemiology of sexually transmitted infections in rural southwestern Haiti: the Grand'Anse Women's Health Study.
abstract: The study attempts to define socioeconomic, clinical, and laboratory correlates in vaginitis and other sexually transmitted infections in rural southwestern Haiti. A convenience sample of subjects recruited from a rural women's health clinic and attending an established clinic at the Haitian Health Foundation (HHF) clinic was studied. A standardized history and physical examination, including speculum examination, and collection of blood, urine, and vaginal swabs were obtained from the women at the rural clinic. Additional vaginal swab samples only for Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (NAAT) testing were obtained from women at the HHF clinic in Jérémie. Laboratory results from Leon subjects were positive for Gardnerella vaginalis in 41% (41 of 100), Trichomonas vaginalis in 13.5% (14 of 104), Candida sp. in 9% (9 of 100), Mycoplasma genitalium in 6.7% (7 of 104), Chlamydia trachomatis in 1.9% (2 of 104), and Neisseria gonorrhea in 1% (1 of 104) of patients. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody tests were negative in 100% (103 of 103) of patients, and syphilis antibody testing was positive for treponemal antibodies in 7.7% (8 of 104) patients. For subjects from the HHF, 19.9% were positive for T. vaginalis, 11.9% were positive for C. trachomatis, 10.1% were positive for M. genitalium, and 4.1% were positive for N. gonorrhea. Infections with G. vaginalis, T. vaginalis, and Candida were the most common. N. gonorrhea, C. trachomatis, Candida sp., T. vaginalis, and M. genitalium infections were associated with younger age (less than 31 years old).
authors.affiliation: University of Washington, Division of Emergency Medicine, Seattle, Washington; Seattle-King County Disaster Team, Seattle, Washington; Sysmex America, Inc., Laboratory Application Services, San Diego, California; Providence Health and Services, North Coast Urgent Care Clinics, Seaside, Oregon; MultiCare Health System, Department of Social Work, Tacoma, Washington; Oregon Health & Science University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Portland, Oregon.
authors.forename: Kathleen A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Jobe
authors.affiliation: University of Washington, Division of Emergency Medicine, Seattle, Washington; Seattle-King County Disaster Team, Seattle, Washington; Sysmex America, Inc., Laboratory Application Services, San Diego, California; Providence Health and Services, North Coast Urgent Care Clinics, Seaside, Oregon; MultiCare Health System, Department of Social Work, Tacoma, Washington; Oregon Health & Science University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Portland, Oregon labboy@earthlink.net.
authors.forename: Robert F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Downey
authors.affiliation: University of Washington, Division of Emergency Medicine, Seattle, Washington; Seattle-King County Disaster Team, Seattle, Washington; Sysmex America, Inc., Laboratory Application Services, San Diego, California; Providence Health and Services, North Coast Urgent Care Clinics, Seaside, Oregon; MultiCare Health System, Department of Social Work, Tacoma, Washington; Oregon Health & Science University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Portland, Oregon.
authors.forename: Donna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hammar
authors.affiliation: University of Washington, Division of Emergency Medicine, Seattle, Washington; Seattle-King County Disaster Team, Seattle, Washington; Sysmex America, Inc., Laboratory Application Services, San Diego, California; Providence Health and Services, North Coast Urgent Care Clinics, Seaside, Oregon; MultiCare Health System, Department of Social Work, Tacoma, Washington; Oregon Health & Science University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Portland, Oregon.
authors.forename: Lori
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Van Slyke
authors.affiliation: University of Washington, Division of Emergency Medicine, Seattle, Washington; Seattle-King County Disaster Team, Seattle, Washington; Sysmex America, Inc., Laboratory Application Services, San Diego, California; Providence Health and Services, North Coast Urgent Care Clinics, Seaside, Oregon; MultiCare Health System, Department of Social Work, Tacoma, Washington; Oregon Health & Science University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Portland, Oregon.
authors.forename: Terri A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Schmidt
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000554:Ambulatory Care Facilities; D002175:Candida / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002692:Chlamydia trachomatis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005260:Female; D006205:Haiti / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D045704:Mycoplasma genitalium / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009344:Neisseria gonorrhoeae / Q000302:isolation & purification; D021141:Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques; D012424:Rural Population; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014246:Trichomonas vaginalis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014621:Vagina / Q000382:microbiology; D016387:Women's Health; D055815:Young Adult