title: Sequential robot-assisted radical right nephrectomy and cholecystectomy: a safe combined procedure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Kidney tumours are often found incidentally in the work-up of abdominal pain. We are reporting, to the best of our knowledge, the first series of robot-assisted radical nephrectomy (RARN) combined with cholecystectomy (RACH) in patients with organ-confined right kidney tumour and gallbladder stones.
  
  
  METHODS
  A solid organ-confined tumour of the right kidney, along with gallbladder stones, was demonstrated on CT in three patients following evaluation of colic-like abdominal pain. The tumours were deemed unsuitable for nephron-sparing surgery. A combined RARN with RACH in a single session was proposed for all the patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean console time was 187 min. Estimated blood loss was minimal and all three patients had an uneventful recovery. The pathology reports confirmed complete excision of renal cell carcinoma with negative surgical margins and the gallbladders showed no signs of malignancy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Concomitant RARN-RACH for tumour in the right kidney and gallstones is a safe and effective procedure with excellent oncological and functional results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Anne-Françoise
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Spinoit
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Athens University, 'Laiko' General Hospital, Greece.
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stravodimos
authors.affiliation: 2nd Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Athens University, 'Laiko' General Hospital, Greece.
authors.forename: Nikolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nikiteas
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Athens Medical Center, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Antonios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ploumidis
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Nicolaas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lumen
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Athens Medical Center, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Achilles
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ploumidis
mesh_terms: D002763:Cholecystectomy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D042882:Gallstones / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D065287:Robotic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: combined robotic procedure; robot-assisted cholecystectomy; robot-assisted nephrectomy