title: Effect of cariogenic challenge on bond strength of adhesive systems to sound and demineralized primary and permanent enamel.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of cariogenic challenge on the bond strength of adhesive systems to sound and artificially demineralized enamel of primary and permanent teeth.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty molars (40 primary, 40 permanent) were randomly assigned to 16 groups (n = 5) according to the type of tooth (primary [PRIM] or permanent [PERM]), enamel condition (sound [S] or demineralized [DEM]), treatment after the restorative procedure (control [C] or cariogenic challenge [pH]), and adhesive system (Adper Single Bond [SB] or Clearfil SE Bond [SE]). Teeth from the DEM group were subjected to cariogenic challenge by pH cycling prior to restorative procedures and pH group specimens were subjected to cariogenic challenge before the microshear test. One of two adhesive systems was applied to the flat enamel surfaces and composite cylinders (0.45 mm2) were built. The microshear bond test was performed. The data (MPa) were subjected to ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  No statistically significant differences were detected between the adhesive systems. The S groups exhibited higher bond strength values than the DEM groups, as did C groups compared to pH groups. PERM groups also had higher bond strength values than PRIM groups, excluding PRIM S and PERM S, which had similar values.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The bond strength to demineralized enamel of primary teeth was lower than to the demineralized enamel of permanent teeth. Cariogenic challenge negatively influenced enamel bond strength, regardless of the type of tooth and adhesive system.
authors.forename: Tamara Kerber
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Tedesco
authors.forename: Fabio Zovico Maxnuck
authors.initials: FZ
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.forename: Rosa Helena Miranda
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Grande
authors.forename: Leonardo Eloy Rodrigues
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Filho
authors.forename: Rachel de Oliveira
authors.initials: Rde O
authors.lastname: Rocha
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D000268:Adhesiveness; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000503:physiopathology; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008963:Molar / Q000648:ultrastructure; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D033081:Shear Strength; D013499:Surface Properties; D017001:Tooth Demineralization / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014094:Tooth, Deciduous / Q000648:ultrastructure*
chemical_list: C438313:Clearfil SE Bond; D003188:Composite Resins; D003738:Dental Cements; D003764:Dental Materials; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; C444701:Filtek Z250; D019279:Resin Cements; C115612:single bond; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; D019342:Acetic Acid