title: Shotgun sequencing for microsatellite identification in Ilex paraguariensis (Aquifoliaceae).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ilex paraguariensis is a native tree species from Brazil, Argentina, and Paraguay that is used in the production of beverages, medicines, and cosmetics. Primers flanking microsatellites were developed to investigate genetic parameters in the species. •
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using microsatellites cloned from an I. paraguariensis shotgun genomic library, 25 pairs of primers were designed and synthesized. Levels of polymorphism were evaluated in 24 individuals from two populations. Twenty loci were polymorphic, and an average of 4.8 and 4.5 alleles per locus were detected in the two populations, respectively. The mean observed heterozygosity was lower than the expected heterozygosity (0.54 vs. 0.60), indicating a departure from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and suggesting endogamy in both populations. •
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The reported set of markers is highly informative and constitutes a powerful tool for the development of genetic characterization studies in I. paraguariensis.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Goiás, Rua Mucuri, Lote 1-A, Aparecida de Goiânia, 74968-755 Goiás, Goiás, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marlei F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Parque Estação Biológica, W5 Norte, CP 02372, 70770-917 Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Y
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Ciampi
authors.affiliation: Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Parque Estação Biológica, W5 Norte, CP 02372, 70770-917 Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
authors.forename: Peter W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Inglis
authors.affiliation: Embrapa Floresta, Estrada da Ribeira 111, CP 319, 83411-000 Colombo, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Valderês A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Parque Estação Biológica, W5 Norte, CP 02372, 70770-917 Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vânia C R
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Azevedo
keywords: Aquifoliaceae; Ilex paraguariensis; genetic conservation; genetic diversity; microsatellites; shotgun cloning