title: Expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog, epidermal growth factor receptor, and Ki-67 in astrocytoma: A prospective study in a tertiary care hospital.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Though the tumor grade is a key factor influencing the choice of therapies, particularly determining the use of adjuvant radiation and specific chemotherapy protocols, role of abnormality in phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) expression and variation in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) labeling index (LI) and Ki-67 LI in survival and clinical outcome have been studied by many researchers in the recent past.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim was to evaluate the expression of PTEN, EGFR and Ki-67 in different grades of astrocytic tumors by means of immunohistochemistry and to judge their role in overall survival (OS).
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was conducted on 57 cases of different grades of astrocytomas. Expression of PTEN, EGFR and Ki-67 was assessed by immunohistochemistry on formalin fixed and paraffin-embedded sections and the OS was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier survival curves and log-rank test for 2.5 years from the date of primary resection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Most of the tumors (59.6%; 34 cases out of 57) displayed WHO Grade IV features. Distribution of age, EGFR LI and Ki-67 LI expressed strong positive (≥0.5) correlation with the grade of tumors. However, the PTEN positivity was inversely related with the grade of the tumors. Lower WHO grades, lower values of Ki-67 LI, EGFR LI and PTEN positivity were associated with better survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Expression of PTEN, EGFR LI and Ki-67 LI should be combined with the basic histopathological features including WHO grade to predict the prognosis and therapeutic outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Murshidabad Medical College and Hospital, Berhampore, Murshidabad, India.
authors.forename: Rajdeep
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Saha
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Uttara
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Chatterjee
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Nilratan Sarkar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Sonali
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mandal
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Murshidabad Medical College and Hospital, Berhampore, Murshidabad, India.
authors.forename: Kaushik
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saha
authors.affiliation: Park Clinic, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research and Bangur Institute of Neurosciences, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Sandip
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chatterjee
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research and Bangur Institute of Neurosciences, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Samarendra Nath
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Ghosh
keywords: Astrocytoma; Ki-67; epidermal growth factor receptor; glioblastoma; phosphatase and tensin homolog