title: The effect of sodium hypochlorite on Enterococcus faecalis when grown on dentine as a single- and multi-species biofilm.
abstract: Enterococcus faecalis is often involved in the aetiology of apical periodontitis after endodontic treatment. This project aimed to establish, on dentine in vitro, a multi-species biofilm containing E. faecalis, and to determine if the organism had an increased resistance to sodium hypochlorite compared with an axenic biofilm. Biofilms were established on dentine discs in flow cells with either E. faecalis alone (axenic) or together with Fusobacterium nucleatum and Streptococcus sanguinis. Following treatment with either 0.9% sodium hypochlorite or saline, the viability of E. faecalis was determined by serial plating and qualitative analysis was performed by scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Viable counts indicated that 0.9% NaOCl is highly effective against E. faecalis grown alone and as part of a multi-species biofilm (P = 0.0005 and P = 0.001, respectively). No significant difference in its survival in the two biofilm types was found (P = 0.8276).
authors.affiliation: Oral Microbiology Laboratory, School of Dentistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
authors.forename: Benlee
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yap
authors.forename: Peter S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Zilm
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Briggs
authors.forename: Anthony H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.forename: Peter C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Cathro
mesh_terms: D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D003804:Dentin / Q000382:microbiology*; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000187:drug effects*; D016967:Fusobacterium nucleatum / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D059013:Microbial Consortia / Q000187:drug effects; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D050296:Microbial Viability / Q000187:drug effects; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013298:Streptococcus sanguis / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite
keywords: Enterococcus faecalis; endodontics; multi-species biofilm; sodium hypochlorite