title: Gender-related effects on substrate utilization and metabolic adaptation in hairless spontaneously hypertensive rat.
abstract: Cold exposure of rats leads to ameliorated glucose and triglyceride utilization with females displaying better adaptation to a cold environment. In the current study, we used hairless rats as a model of increased thermogenesis and analyzed gender-related effects on parameters of lipid and glucose metabolism in the spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) rats. Specifically, we compared hairless coisogenic SHR-Dsg4 males and females harboring mutant Dsg4 (desmoglein 4) gene versus their SHR wild type controls. Two way ANOVA showed significant Dsg4 genotype (hairless or wild type) x gender interaction effects on palmitate oxidation in brown adipose tissue (BAT), glucose incorporation into BAT determined by microPET, and glucose oxidation in skeletal muscles. In addition, we observed significant interaction effects on sensitivity of muscle tissue to insulin action when Dsg4 genotype affected these metabolic traits in males, but had little or no effects in females. Both wild type and hairless females and hairless males showed increased glucose incorporation and palmitate oxidation in BAT and higher tissue insulin sensitivity when compared to wild type males. These findings provide evidence for gender-related differences in metabolic adaptation required for increased thermogenesis. They are consistent with the hypothesis that increased glucose and palmitate utilization in BAT and muscle is associated with higher sensitivity of adipose and muscle tissues to insulin action.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic. pravenec@biomed.cas.cz.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Trnovská
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Šilhavý
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Zídek
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Šimáková
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mlejnek
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Landa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eigner
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Eigner Henke
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Škop
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Oliyarnyk
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kazdová
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mráček
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Houštěk
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pravenec
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D002001:Adipose Tissue, Brown / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D050154:Adiposity; D000818:Animals; D003080:Cold Temperature; D051182:Desmogleins / Q000235:genetics; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004435:Eating; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005838:Genotype; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006973:Hypertension / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009154:Mutation; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D019308:Palmitic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D054772:Rats, Hairless; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D012737:Sex Factors; D022722:Thermogenesis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D051182:Desmogleins; C492523:Dsg4 protein, rat; D007328:Insulin; D019308:Palmitic Acid; D005947:Glucose