title: Natural convection in a fluid layer periodically heated from above.
abstract: Natural convection in a horizontal layer subject to periodic heating from above has been studied. It is shown that the primary convection leads to the cooling of the bulk of the fluid below the mean temperature of the upper wall. The secondary convection may lead either to longitudinal rolls, transverse rolls, or oblique rolls. The global flow properties (e.g., the average Nusselt number for the primary convection and the critical conditions for the secondary convection) are identical to those of the layer heated from below. However, the flow and temperature patterns exhibit phase shifts in the horizontal directions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B9.
authors.forename: M Z
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Hossain
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B9.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Floryan
mesh_terms: D018481:Convection; D006361:Heating; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009038:Motion; D013696:Temperature