title: Total cholesterol level for assessing pancreatic insufficiency due to chronic pancreatitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the nutritional markers important for assessing the degree of pancreatic insufficiency due to chronic pancreatitis in routine clinical practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 137 patients with chronic pancreatitis were followed up for more than 1 year. They were divided into two groups: a pancreatic diabetes mellitus (DM) group, consisting of 47 patients undergoing medical treatment for DM of pancreatic origin, and a nonpancreatic DM group, consisting of 90 other patients (including 86 patients without DM). Serum albumin, prealbumin, total cholesterol, cholinesterase, magnesium, and hemoglobin were compared between the two groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The total cholesterol was significantly lower in the pancreatic than the nonpancreatic DM group (164 mg/dL vs 183 mg/dL, respectively; p=0.0028). Cholinesterase was significantly lower in the former group (263 U/L vs 291 U/L, respectively; p=0.016). Among the 37 patients with nonalcoholic pancreatitis, there was no difference in the cholinesterase levels between the pancreatic and nonpancreatic (296 U/L vs 304 U/L, respectively; p=0.752) DM groups, although cholesterol levels remained lower in the former (165 mg/dL vs 187 mg/dL, respectively; p=0.052).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cholinesterase levels are possibly affected by concomitant alcoholic liver injury. The total cholesterol level should be considered when assessing pancreatic insufficiency due to chronic pancreatitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirano
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomotaka
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Suguru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mizuno
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tada
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sasahira
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Isayama
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Miho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsukawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Gyotane
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Umefune
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Dai
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Akiyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Shuhei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawahata
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Naminatsu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Takahara
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Uchino
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hamada
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyabayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Dai
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mohri
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kogure
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Natsuyo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yosuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakai
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Koike
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D002802:Cholinesterases / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications; D010188:Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008104:Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009752:Nutritional Status; D010179:Pancreas / Q000201:enzymology; D019512:Pancreatitis, Alcoholic / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications; D050500:Pancreatitis, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D012709:Serum Albumin; D002784:Cholesterol; D002802:Cholinesterases
keywords: Cholesterol; Cholinesterase; Chronic pancreatitis; Diabetes mellitus; Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency