title: Sleep quality and spiritual well-being in hemodialysis patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sleep disorders are considered as one of the most important problems in hemodialysis patients, making their everyday life a serious hazard. Sleep quality of hemodialysis patients and consequences of sleep disorders on other aspects of health such as spiritual well-being are important issues.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study examined the relationship between spiritual well-being and quality of sleep in hemodialysis patients in Isfahan, Iran.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was a correlation research, carried out on 190 hemodialysis patients. Data collection Questionnaires included demographic forms, Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), and Ellison and Paloutzian spiritual well-being scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation and linear regression analysis) at P < 0.05 significance level, by SPSS software version 18.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 190 study participants, 163 (85.78%) with scores more than five index had sleep disturbances and 27 (14.12%) had no sleep disturbance; 3 (1.52%) had mild, 163 (85.78%) moderate, and 24 (12.30%) good spiritual health conditions. Pearson correlation test showed significant relationship between the sleep quality items of Pittsburg and spiritual well-being (P < 0.04, r = 0.149). Through the regression analyses of spiritual health, family, education, financial status, marital status, occupation, and use of sleep medication, the predictive power of these variables was found 0.417% and prediction of spiritual well-being was more than others (ß = 0.209).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Considering bed as one of the most vital physical, mental, and emotional needs, it is very important in mental and spiritual well-being of hemodialysis patients as an influencing factor in mental relaxation and reducing disease tensions. Paying attention to sleep quality and spiritual well-being components of hemodialysis patients in formulating and promoting healthcare programs is recommended.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Ahmad Ali
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Eslami
authors.affiliation: School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Leili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rabiei
authors.affiliation: Nursing and Midwifery School, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Freidoon
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Khayri
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Rashidi Nooshabadi
authors.affiliation: Nursing and Midwifery School, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Masoudi
keywords: Hemodialysis; Sleep; Spiritual