title: Protective factors in diabetic retinopathy: focus on blood-retinal barrier.
abstract: The earliest and most significant change in diabetic retinopathy (DR) is blood-retinal barrier (BRB) dysfunction, followed by two main pathologies that may cause severe visual impairment: Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) and Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (PDR). The pathological hallmarks of BRB dysfunction include loss of tight junction integrity, VEGF- and AGE-induced damage, oxidative stress, and inflammatory changes. Recently, several BRB protective factors have been reported. Our aim is to give a review of those protective factors and discuss new potential therapeutic targets for DR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China.
authors.forename: Conghui
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001813:Blood-Retinal Barrier / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000494:pharmacology; D011345:Fenofibrate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 / Q000502:physiology; D008269:Macular Edema / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D065840:Protective Factors; D011719:Pyrazines / Q000494:pharmacology; D000068900:Sitagliptin Phosphate; D014230:Triazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: C515497:IGFBP3 protein, human; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3; D011719:Pyrazines; D014230:Triazoles; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D004921:Erythropoietin; C006012:fenofibric acid; D000068900:Sitagliptin Phosphate; D011345:Fenofibrate