title: Evidence for the gut microbiota short-chain fatty acids as key pathophysiological molecules improving diabetes.
abstract: In type 2 diabetes, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, increased inflammation, and oxidative stress were shown to be associated with the progressive deterioration of beta-cell function and mass. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are organic fatty acids produced in the distal gut by bacterial fermentation of macrofibrous material that might improve type 2 diabetes features. Their main beneficial activities were identified in the decrease of serum levels of glucose, insulin resistance as well as inflammation, and increase in protective Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion. In this review, we updated evidence on the effects of SCFAs potentially improving metabolic control in type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16143 Genoa, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9084-2636
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Puddu
authors.affiliation: First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16143 Genoa, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3130-9372
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sanguineti
authors.affiliation: First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16143 Genoa, Italy ; Division of Cardiology, Foundation for Medical Researches, Department of Medical Specialties, Geneva University Hospitals, 64 Avenue de la Roseraie, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland ; Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, 4 Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0823-8729
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Montecucco
authors.affiliation: First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16143 Genoa, Italy.
authors.forename: Giorgio Luciano
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Viviani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000378:metabolism*; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000382:microbiology*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D064307:Microbiota / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D005947:Glucose