title: Pathophysiology and animal modeling of underactive bladder.
abstract: While the symptomology of underactive bladder (UAB) may imply a primary dysfunction of the detrusor muscle, insights into pathophysiology indicate that both myogenic and neurogenic mechanisms need to be considered. Due to lack of proper animal models, the current understanding of the UAB pathophysiology is limited, and much of what is known about the clinical etiology of the condition has been derived from epidemiological data. We hereby review current state of the art in the understanding of the pathophysiology of and animal models used to study the UAB.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Pradeep
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tyagi
authors.forename: Phillip P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: George A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Kuchel
authors.forename: William C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: de Groat
authors.forename: Lori A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Birder
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Chermansky
authors.forename: Rosalyn M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Adam
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tse
authors.forename: Michael B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Chancellor
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D051379:Mice / Q000235:genetics; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications; D059348:Peripheral Nerve Injuries / Q000150:complications; D011982:Receptors, Prostaglandin / Q000235:genetics; D011983:Receptors, Purinergic / Q000235:genetics; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000150:complications; D013130:Spinal Stenosis / Q000150:complications; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000294:innervation / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001745:Urinary Bladder Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001748:Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction / Q000150:complications
chemical_list: D011982:Receptors, Prostaglandin; D011983:Receptors, Purinergic