title: Functional molecular imaging of tumors by chemical exchange saturation transfer MRI of 3-O-Methyl-D-glucose.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the feasibility to detect tumors and metastases by the chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI technique using 3-O-Methyl-D-glucose (3OMG), a nonmetabolizable derivative of glucose that is taken up rapidly and preferentially by tumors and is entirely excreted by the kidneys.
  
  
  METHODS
  In vivo CEST MRI experiments were performed on a Bruker 7 Tesla Biospec on implanted orthotopic mammary tumors of mice before and following i.p. injection of 3OMG. The CEST images were generated by a series of gradient-echo images collected from a single 1 mm coronal slice after a 1.2 s presaturation pulse, applied at offsets of ±1.2 ppm from the water and at B(1) power of 2.5 µT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Following 3OMG (1.5 g/kg) i.p. injection, an enhanced CEST effect of approximately 20% was visualized at the tumor within a few minutes. The signal slowly declined reaching half of its maximum at approximately 80 min.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Due to the large CEST effect of 3OMG and its low toxicity 3OMG-CEST may serve for the detection of tumors and metastases in the clinic.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rivlin
authors.forename: Ilan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tsarfaty
authors.forename: Gil
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Navon
mesh_terms: D019325:3-O-Methylglucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D019325:3-O-Methylglucose
keywords: 3-O-Methyl-D-glucose; CEST; MRI; breast cancer; chemical exchange saturation transfer