title: Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) hydrolysates inhibit inflammation in LPS-induced macrophages through suppression of NF-κB pathways.
abstract: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of protein hydrolysates of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) varieties Negro 8025 and Pinto Durango and determine their effect on the markers of inflammation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. Cell viability was determined and the percentage of viable cells was calculated and concentrations that allowed >80% cell viability were used to determine the markers of inflammation. Alcalase hydrolysates and pepsin-pancreatin hydrolysates showed the highest antioxidant capacity after 80 and 120min of hydrolysis, respectively. Alcalase hydrolysates of the common bean Pinto Durango at 120min inhibited inflammation, with IC50 values of 34.9±0.3, 13.9±0.3, 5.0±0.1 and 3.7±0.2μM, while var. Negro needed 43.6±0.2, 61.3±0.3, 14.2±0.3 and 48.2±0.1μM for the inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 expression, prostaglandin E2 production, inducible nitric oxide synthase expression and nitric oxide production, respectively. Also, hydrolysates significantly inhibited the transactivation of NF-κB and the nuclear translocation of the NF-κB p65 subunit. In conclusion, hydrolysates from the common bean can be used to combat inflammatory and oxidative-associated diseases.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Posgrado en Alimentos del Centro de la República (PROPAC), Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Apdo. Postal 184, Querétaro, Qro. 76010, Mexico; Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
authors.forename: Miguel E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Oseguera-Toledo
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
authors.forename: Elvira Gonzalez
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: de Mejia
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
authors.forename: Vermont P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Dia
authors.affiliation: Programa de Posgrado en Alimentos del Centro de la República (PROPAC), Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Apdo. Postal 184, Querétaro, Qro. 76010, Mexico. Electronic address: samayal@uaq.mx.
authors.forename: Silvia L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Amaya-Llano
keywords: Antioxidant capacity; COX-2/PGE(2); Hydrolysates; Inflammation; NF-κB; Phaseolus vulgaris L.; iNOS/NO