title: Immunomodulatory effect of mushrooms on cytotoxic activity and cytokine production of intestinal lamina propria leukocytes does not necessarily depend on β-glucan contents.
abstract: We evaluated the effects of seven mushroom extracts (Grifola frondosa, Pholiota nameko, Panellus serotinus, Hypsizygus marmoreus, Pleurotus cornucopiae, Armillaria mellea, and Flammulina velutipes) on cytotoxic activity and cytokine production of lamina propria leukocytes (LPLs) isolated from rat small (S) and large (L) intestinal mucosa. Boiling water extracts from seven species of mushrooms showed no direct cytotoxicity against the YAC-1 target cells. However, prominent increases of cytotoxicity were observed in S- and L-LPLs co-cultured with P. serotinus extract. Cytokine production (TNFα, IFNγ, IL-12 p70, and IL-4) of S- and L-LPLs was stimulated in response to P. cornucopiae extract. Mushroom extracts contributed to target cell adhesion and/or cytokine production in the effector cells. The promotion of cytotoxic activity in S- and L-LPLs was not necessarily related to β-glucan content of the mushroom.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Division of Applied Bioscience, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan.
authors.forename: Jae-Sung
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Division of Applied Bioscience, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan.
authors.forename: Kohsuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oka
authors.affiliation: Food Processing Research Center, Hokkaido Research Organization, Local Independent Administrative Agency, Ebetsu 069-0836, Japan.
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Division of Applied Bioscience, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Division of Applied Bioscience, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan. Electronic address: zuka@chem.agr.hokudai.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ishizuka
keywords: Cytotoxicity; Intestine; Lamina propria leukocyte; Rat; β-Glucan