title: Controlled-release naringin nanoscaffold for osteoporotic bone healing.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Osteoporosis is one of the most common bone diseases in the world and results from an imbalance of bone cell functions. In the process of guided bone regeneration, osteoporosis weakens the bonding strength between scaffold and bone. Naringin is evidenced to be effective for the treatment of osteoporosis and bone resorption and the aim was to explore methods and benefits of its incorporation.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, naringin was incorporated in the electrospun nanoscaffold containing poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) and poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PEG-b-PCL).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The nanoscaffold demonstrated unchanged chemical structure, improved hydrophilicity, thinner and more uniform nanofibers by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, contact angle measurement and scanning electron microscopy. The nanoscaffold also showed faster degradation rate and controlled-release of naringin. Osteoblast-nanoscaffold interactions were studied by the evaluation of adhesion, proliferation, differentiation of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts and mineralization of ECM on the nanoscaffolds. Meanwhile, the response of osteoclasts to nanoscaffolds was evaluated in a mouse calvarial critical size defect organ culture model. The osteoclasts around the bone defect were shown by tartrate resistant acid phosphatase staining.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results demonstrated that controlled-release naringin nanoscaffolds supported greater osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization and suppressed osteoclast formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 426 Songshibei Road, Yubei District, Chongqing 401147, China; Chongqing key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing 401147, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 426 Songshibei Road, Yubei District, Chongqing 401147, China; Chongqing key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing 401147, China.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry and Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; Institute of Material Science and Technology, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Löbdergraben 32, 07743, Germany.
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Watts
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: Hongmei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 426 Songshibei Road, Yubei District, Chongqing 401147, China; Chongqing key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing 401147, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: You
authors.affiliation: Chongqing key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing 401147, China; Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 426 Songshibei Road, Yubei District, Chongqing 401147, China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 426 Songshibei Road, Yubei District, Chongqing 401147, China; Chongqing key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing 401147, China. Electronic address: hiwxh@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Xiaohong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000502:physiology*; D044950:Flavanones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D049329:Nanostructures; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012038:Regeneration; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
chemical_list: D044950:Flavanones; C005274:naringin
keywords: Bone tissue regeneration; Electrospinning; Nanoscaffold; Naringin; Osteoporosis