title: Contribution of groundwater discharge to the coastal dissolved nutrients and trace metal concentrations in Majorca Island: karstic vs detrital systems.
abstract: Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) and derived nutrient (NO2(-), NO3(-), NH4(+), PO4(3-), and SiO2) and trace element (Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mo, Ni, Pb, V and Zn) loadings to the coastal sea were systematically assessed along the coast of Majorca Island, Spain, in a general survey around the island and in three representative coves during 2010. We estimated that brackish water discharges through the shoreline are important contributors to the DIN, SiO2, Fe, and Zn budgets of the nearshore waters. Furthermore, our results showed that SGD-derived elements are conditioned by the hydrogeological formations of the aquifer and discharge type. Thus, while rapid discharges through karstic conduits are enriched in SiO2 and Zn, the large detrital aquifers of the island typically present enhanced concentrations of Fe. The estimated total annual inputs of chemicals constituents discharged by SGD to the coastal waters were as follows: DIN: 610 × 10(3) kg yr(-1), SiO2: 1400 × 10(3) kg yr(-1), Fe: 3.2 × 10(3) kg yr(-1), and Zn: 2.0 × 10(3) kg yr(-1). Our results provide evidence that SGD is a major contributor to the dissolved pool of inorganic nutrients and trace metals in the nearshore waters of Majorca.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecotoxicology, Ecophysiology and Biodiversity of Aquatic Systems, ICMAN (CSIC) , Campus Universitario Río San Pedro, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tovar-Sánchez
authors.forename: Gotzon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Basterretxea
authors.forename: Valentí
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rodellas
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Quiles
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: García-Orellana
authors.forename: Pere
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Masqué
authors.forename: Antoni
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jordi
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: López
authors.forename: Ester
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Garcia-Solsona
mesh_terms: D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000032:analysis; D000077194:Chlorophyll A; D003625:Data Collection; D017753:Ecosystem; D005843:Geography; D060587:Groundwater / Q000737:chemistry*; D062312:Islands; D008670:Metals / Q000032:analysis*; D011883:Radium / Q000032:analysis; D054712:Salinity; D013030:Spain; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D008670:Metals; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002734:Chlorophyll; D011883:Radium; D000077194:Chlorophyll A