title: The protective effects of the supercritical-carbon dioxide fluid extract of Chrysanthemum indicum against lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice via modulating Toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway.
abstract: The supercritical-carbon dioxide fluid extract of Chrysanthemum indicum Linné. (CFE) has been demonstrated to be effective in suppressing inflammation. The aim of this study is to investigate the preventive action and underlying mechanisms of CFE on acute lung injury (ALI) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice. ALI was induced by intratracheal instillation of LPS into lung, and dexamethasone was used as a positive control. Results revealed that pretreatment with CFE abated LPS-induced lung histopathologic changes, reduced the wet/dry ratio and proinflammatory cytokines productions (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6), inhibited inflammatory cells migrations and protein leakages, suppressed the levels of MPO and MDA, and upregulated the abilities of antioxidative enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GPx). Furthermore, the pretreatment with CFE downregulated the activations of NF-κB and the expressions of TLR4/MyD88. These results suggested that CFE exerted potential protective effects against LPS-induced ALI in mice and was a potential therapeutic drug for ALI. Its mechanisms were at least partially associated with the modulations of TLR4 signaling pathways.
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232, Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China ; Faculty of Health Science, University of Macau, Taipa 999078, Macau.
authors.forename: Xiao-Li
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1601-731X
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232, Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
authors.forename: Xue-Xuan
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9957-1345
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232, Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China ; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa 999078, Macau.
authors.forename: Chu-Wen
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232, Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Jun
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Dongguan Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Songshan Lake High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Wei
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2538-8737
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232, Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China ; Dongguan Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Songshan Lake High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China.
authors.forename: Jian-Nan
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5459-8744
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232, Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China ; Dongguan Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Songshan Lake High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Ping
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4068-6062
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232, Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
authors.forename: Sai-Xia
authors.initials: SX
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232, Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Cui
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0917-6198
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232, Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China ; Dongguan Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Songshan Lake High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China.
authors.forename: Zi-Ren
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7018-3207
authors.initials: ZR
authors.lastname: Su
mesh_terms: D055371:Acute Lung Injury / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D025924:Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D031202:Chrysanthemum / Q000737:chemistry*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D002245:Carbon Dioxide