title: Pyrene removal and transformation by joint application of alfalfa and exogenous microorganisms and their influence on soil microbial community.
abstract: Phytoremediation is an attractive approach for the cleanup of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons-contaminated soil. The joint effect of alfalfa and microorganisms, including Arthrobacter oxydans, Staphylococcus auricularis and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, on pyrene removal was investigated. The results showed that the joint effect primarily contributed to pyrene removal, and the concentration of residual pyrene in rhizosphere soil was lower than that in non-rhizosphere soil. After joint treatment for 45d, pyrene in rhizosphere soils decreased from 11.3, 52.5 and 106.0mg/kg to 2.0-3.0, 15.0-18.7, and 41.2-44.8mg/kg, respectively. These bacteria significantly enhanced pyrene accumulation and microbial community diversity, and increased soil dehydrogenase and polyphenol oxidase activities. Pyrene was initially degraded through ring cleavage. One of the main metabolites 4-dihydroxy-phenanthrene was transformed into naphthol and 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene, which were further degraded through salicylic acid pathway and phthalic acid pathway, separately.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Water/Soil Toxic Pollutants Control and Bioremediation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
authors.forename: Jinshao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China. Electronic address: huayin@scut.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Water/Soil Toxic Pollutants Control and Bioremediation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
authors.forename: Jieqiong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Water/Soil Toxic Pollutants Control and Bioremediation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
authors.forename: Yuepeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D001173:Arthrobacter / Q000378:metabolism*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D000455:Medicago sativa / Q000737:chemistry*; D011721:Pyrenes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism*; D013210:Staphylococcus / Q000378:metabolism*; D020615:Stenotrophomonas maltophilia / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D011721:Pyrenes; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C030984:pyrene
keywords: Alfalfa; Degradation; Phytoremediation; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Pyrene