title: Contemporary pharmacotherapy for the prevention of skeletal complications in patients with prostate cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bones represent the most common metastatic sites in prostate cancer (PCa) patients, and in addition with androgen deprivation therapy, they represent the causative reasons of bone mineral density loss and the onset of skeletal-related events.
  
  
  METHODS
  An extensive search of PubMed/Medline was performed to identify randomized, Phase II/III controlled trials reporting results regarding the prevention of skeletal morbidity in patients with PCa.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preventing bone health is an imperative issue for preserving quality of life and elongate survival and, thus, a concerted effort should be made to monitor skeletal changes and to apply treatment for preventing bone loss. Although several agents have received approval for routine use, it is of paramount importance to identify the appropriate patients who would mostly be benefited by the use of these agents with attention to documenting the toxicity and economic implications. Additionally, it remains to be justified the frequency of administration in order to balance the efficacy and the potential complications.
authors.affiliation: Hadassah University Hospital, the Hebrew University , Jerusalem, 91120 , Israel +972508946695 ; sfoungaristosst@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Stavros
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sfoungaristos
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Frank
authors.forename: Mordechai
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Duvdevani
authors.forename: Ofer N
authors.initials: ON
authors.lastname: Gofrit
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Yutkin
authors.forename: Ran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Katz
authors.forename: Dov
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pode
authors.forename: Petros
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Perimenis
mesh_terms: D000726:Androgen Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001851:Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000556:secondary; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D065130:Endothelin A Receptor Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011788:Quality of Life; D011868:Radioisotopes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000726:Androgen Antagonists; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D065130:Endothelin A Receptor Antagonists; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011868:Radioisotopes; D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators
keywords: bone metastases; castration resistant; prostate cancer; skeletal-related events