title: Removal of bisphenol A (BPA) in a nitrifying system with immobilized biomass.
abstract: The potential for bisphenol A (BPA) removal by mixed consortia of immobilized microorganisms with high nitrification activity was investigated with BPA concentrations in the influent from 2.5 to 10.0 mg/L. The presence of BPA limited ammonium oxidation; nitrification efficiency decreased from 91.2±1.3% in the control series to 47.4±9.4% when BPA concentration in wastewater was the highest. The efficiency of BPA removal rose from 87.1±5.5% to 92.9±2.9% with increased BPA concentration in the influent. Measurement of oxygen uptake rates by biomass exposed to BPA showed that BPA was mainly removed by heterotrophic bacteria. A strong negative correlation between the BPA removal efficiency and nitrification efficiency indicated the limited contribution of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) to BPA biodegradation. Exposure of biomass to BPA changed the quantity and diversity of AOB in the biomass as shown by real-time PCR and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis.
authors.affiliation: University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Słoneczna Str. 45G, 10-709 Olsztyn, Poland. Electronic address: magdalena.zielinska@uwm.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zielińska
authors.affiliation: University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Słoneczna Str. 45G, 10-709 Olsztyn, Poland. Electronic address: agnieszka.cydzik@uwm.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cydzik-Kwiatkowska
authors.affiliation: University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Słoneczna Str. 45G, 10-709 Olsztyn, Poland. Electronic address: bernat@uwm.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bernat
authors.affiliation: University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Słoneczna Str. 45G, 10-709 Olsztyn, Poland. Electronic address: katarzyna.bulkowska@uwm.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bułkowska
authors.affiliation: University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Słoneczna Str. 45G, 10-709 Olsztyn, Poland. Electronic address: irka@uwm.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Irena
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Wojnowska-Baryła
mesh_terms: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D019149:Bioreactors; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D058645:Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis; D052836:Heterotrophic Processes / Q000502:physiology*; D058465:Nitrification / Q000502:physiology*; D043369:Nitrosomonadaceae / Q000378:metabolism*; D010636:Phenols / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010802:Phylogeny; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012044:Regression Analysis; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D017931:DNA Primers; D010636:Phenols; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
keywords: Bisphenol A (BPA); Immobilized biomass; PCR–DGGE; Real-time PCR