title: Lipid feeding and milk fat depression.
abstract: Diets fed to cattle contain mostly unsaturated fatty acids supplied in grains and forages, by-products, and fat supplements. Lipid intake by dairy cattle must be restricted to prevent alterations of microbial populations in the rumen that can negatively affect milk yield. Unsaturated fatty acids consumed by cattle are extensively metabolized through biohydrogenation, intermediates of which include conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and trans-monoenoic acid isomers. Three specific CLA intermediates of biohydrogenation have been shown to cause milk fat depression in dairy cattle through coordinated suppression of mammary lipogenic genes by a transcription factor that is a central regulator of lipid synthesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Clemson University, 117 Poole Agricultural Center, Clemson, SC 29634, USA. Electronic address: tjnkns@clemson.edu.
authors.forename: Thomas C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, Penn State University, 301 Henning Building, University Park, State College, PA 16802, USA.
authors.forename: Kevin J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Harvatine
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000822:Animal Husbandry / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D003612:Dairying / Q000379:methods*; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006017:Glycolipids / Q000378:metabolism*; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D007774:Lactation / Q000502:physiology*; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D066292:Lipid Droplets; D008055:Lipids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008892:Milk
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D006017:Glycolipids; D006023:Glycoproteins; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated; D008055:Lipids; C110367:milk fat globule
keywords: Biohydrogenation; Conjugated linoleic acid; Dietary lipids; Milk fat depression; Rumen