title: Effects of distraction task on driving: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study.
abstract: This study investigated neuronal activation differences under two conditions: driving only and distracted driving. Driving and distraction tasks were performed using a Magnetic Resonance (MR)-compatible driving simulator with a driving wheel and pedal. The experiment consisted of three blocks, and each block had both a Rest phase (1 min) and a Driving phase (2 min). During the Rest phase, drivers were instructed to simply look at the stop screen without performing any driving tasks. During the Driving phase, each driver was required to drive at 110 km/h under two conditions: driving only and driving while performing additional distraction tasks. The results show that the precuneus, inferior parietal lobule, supramarginal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, cuneus, and declive are less activated in distracted driving than in driving only. These regions are responsible for spatial perception, spatial attention, visual processing and motor control. However, the cingulate gyrus and sub-lobar regions (lentiform nucleus and caudate), which are responsible for error monitoring and control of unnecessary movement, show increased activation during distracted driving compared with driving only.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 380-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Soon-Cheol
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 380-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Mi-Hyun
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 380-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hyung-Sik
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 380-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Na-Rae
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: You
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 380-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sang-Pyo
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 380-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jung-Chul
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 380-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sung-Jun
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 380-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Hye
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 380-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ul-Ho
authors.initials: UH
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 380-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Hye
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: You
authors.affiliation: Department of Information & Communication Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, South Korea.
authors.forename: Dae-Woon
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Konkuk University, Chungju 380-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun-Jun
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000523:psychology*; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D003463:Cues; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D010470:Perceptual Masking / Q000502:physiology*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D013028:Space Perception / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Distraction; MR-compatible driving simulator; driving; fMRI