title: Resting state cortical oscillations of patients with Parkinson disease and with and without subthalamic deep brain stimulation: a magnetoencephalography study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this study, we investigate the modification to cortical oscillations of patients with Parkinson disease (PD) by subthalamic deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Spontaneous cortical oscillations of patients with PD were recorded with magnetoencephalography during on and off subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation states. Several features such as average frequency, average power, and relative subband power in regions of interest were extracted in the frequency domain, and these features were correlated with Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale III evaluation. The same features were also investigated in patients with PD without surgery and healthy controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with Parkinson disease without surgery compared with healthy controls had a significantly lower average frequency and an increased average power in 1 to 48 Hz range in whole cortex. Higher relative power in theta and simultaneous decrease in beta and gamma over temporal and occipital were also observed in patients with PD. The Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale III rigidity score correlated with the average frequency and with the relative power of beta and gamma in frontal areas. During subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation, the average frequency increased significantly when stimulation was on compared with off state. In addition, the relative power dropped in delta, whereas it rose in beta over the whole cortex. Through the course of stimulation, the Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale III rigidity and tremor scores correlated with the relative power of alpha over left parietal.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation improves the symptoms of PD by suppressing the synchronization of alpha rhythm in somatomotor region.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; †Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, U.S.A.; and ‡Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Chunyan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Dianyou
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Tianxiao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Nuri Firat
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Ince
authors.forename: Shikun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhan
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zhiyi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sha
authors.forename: Bomin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D046690:Deep Brain Stimulation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015225:Magnetoencephalography; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D012146:Rest; D020531:Subthalamic Nucleus