title: Transient central diabetes insipidus induced by ketamine infusion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Report a case of central diabetes insipidus (DI) associated with ketamine infusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 2-year-old girl with long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency and stable hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was admitted to the pediatric intensive care with pneumonia. She subsequently developed respiratory failure and required intubation. Continuous ketamine infusion was used for the sedation and facilitation of mechanical ventilation. Shortly after infusion of ketamine, the patient developed DI and responded appropriately to vasopressin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Naranjo adverse drug reaction probability scale indicated a probable relationship between the development of central DI and ketamine. The most likely mechanism involves ketamine's antagonist action on N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors, resulting in inhibition of glutamate-stimulated arginine vasopressin release from the neurohypophysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the second case report of ketamine-induced central DI and the only report in children. Clinicians who sedate children with continuous ketamine infusions should monitor patients for developing signs and symptoms of DI by measuring serum sodium and urine output prior to, during, and after ketamine infusion in order to make a timely diagnosis of this potentially serious complication.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA sarah.hatab@emory.edu.
authors.forename: Sarah Z
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Hatab
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA Division of Critical Care Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA, USA.
authors.forename: Arun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: Eric I
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Felner
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA Division of Critical Care Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA, USA.
authors.forename: Pradip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kamat
mesh_terms: D015094:3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases / Q000172:deficiency; D000777:Anesthetics / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D002312:Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003919:Diabetes Insipidus / Q000139:chemically induced*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007649:Ketamine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008052:Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Errors / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D017240:Mitochondrial Myopathies / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D063991:Mitochondrial Trifunctional Protein / Q000172:deficiency; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D012206:Rhabdomyolysis / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D000777:Anesthetics; D007649:Ketamine; D015094:3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases; D063991:Mitochondrial Trifunctional Protein
keywords: children; diabetes insipidus and ketamine