title: Effects of different remediation treatments on crude oil contaminated saline soil.
abstract: Remediation of the petroleum contaminated soil is essential to maintain the sustainable development of soil ecosystem. Bioremediation using microorganisms and plants is a promising method for the degradation of crude oil contaminants. The effects of different remediation treatments, including nitrogen addition, Suaeda salsa planting, and arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) fungi inoculation individually or combined, on crude oil contaminated saline soil were assessed using a microcosm experiment. The results showed that different remediation treatments significantly affected the physicochemical properties, oil contaminant degradation and bacterial community structure of the oil contaminated saline soil. Nitrogen addition stimulated the degradation of total petroleum hydrocarbon significantly at the initial 30d of remediation. Coupling of different remediation techniques was more effective in degrading crude oil contaminants. Applications of nitrogen, AM fungi and their combination enhanced the phytoremediation efficiency of S. salsa significantly. The main bacterial community composition in the crude oil contaminated saline soil shifted with the remediation processes. γ-Proteobacteria, β-Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria were the pioneer oil-degraders at the initial stage, and Firmicutes were considered to be able to degrade the recalcitrant components at the later stage.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110164, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, 19 Keyuan Road, Jinan 250014, China.
authors.forename: Yong-Chao
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.
authors.forename: Shu-Hai
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, 19 Keyuan Road, Jinan 250014, China.
authors.forename: Jia-Ning
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, 19 Keyuan Road, Jinan 250014, China.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110164, China. Electronic address: zengdh@iae.ac.cn.
authors.forename: De-Hui
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Zeng
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D044822:Biodiversity; D019663:Chenopodiaceae / Q000378:metabolism*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000517:prevention & control; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods*; D006838:Hydrocarbons / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000378:metabolism*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D010578:Petroleum / Q000378:metabolism*; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D054712:Salinity; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004271:DNA, Fungal; D006838:Hydrocarbons; D010578:Petroleum; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D009584:Nitrogen
keywords: Bacterial community; Crude oil contamination; Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE); Remediation; Saline soil