title: Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis with positive serum antithyroid antibodies, IgM antibodies against mycoplasma pneumoniae and human herpesvirus 7 PCR in the CSF.
abstract: We report the case of a boy with an encephalopathy associated with extrapyramidal and psychiatric symptoms and anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibodies. He had positive serum antithyroid antibodies, IgM antibodies against Mycoplasma pneumoniae and human herpesvirus 7 polymerase chain reaction in the cerebrospinal fluid. He was successfully treated with rituximab, after steroids, intravenous immunoglobulin and plasma exchange. The pathophysiology of this disorder may be post-infectious and autoimmune.
authors.affiliation: From the *Hospital Dona Estefânia, Centro Hospitalar Central (CHLC), Infectious Diseases Unit; and †Hospital Dona Estefânia, Centro Hospitalar Central (CHLC), Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Lisbon, Portugal.
authors.forename: Paulo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Venâncio
authors.forename: Maria João
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Brito
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: José Pedro
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Vieira
mesh_terms: D060426:Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000821:virology; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D002648:Child; D016199:Herpesvirus 7, Human / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D009177:Mycoplasma pneumoniae / Q000276:immunology*; D000069283:Rituximab
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D001323:Autoantibodies; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D000069283:Rituximab