title: C1 metabolism plays an important role during formaldehyde metabolism and detoxification in petunia under liquid HCHO stress.
abstract: Petunia hybrida is a model ornamental plant grown worldwide. To understand the HCHO-uptake efficiency and metabolic mechanism of petunia, the aseptic petunia plants were treated in HCHO solutions. An analysis of HCHO-uptake showed that petunia plants effectively removed HCHO from 2, 4 and 6 mM HCHO solutions. The (13)C NMR analyses indicated that H(13)CHO was primarily used to synthesize [5-(13)C]methionine (Met) via C1 metabolism in petunia plants treated with 2 mM H(13)CHO. Pretreatment with cyclosporin A (CSA) or l-carnitine (LC), the inhibitors of mitochondrial permeability transition pores, did not affect the synthesis of [5-(13)C]Met in petunia plants under 2 mM H(13)CHO stress, indicating that the Met-generated pathway may function in the cytoplasm. Under 4 or 6 mM liquid H(13)CHO stress, H(13)CHO metabolism in petunia plants produced considerable amount of H(13)COOH and [2-(13)C]glycine (Gly) through C1 metabolism and a small amount of [U-(13)C]Gluc via the Calvin Cycle. Pretreatment with CSA or LC significantly inhibited the production of [2-(13)C]Gly in 6 mM H(13)CHO-treated petunia plants, which suggests that chloroplasts and peroxisomes might be involved in the generation of [2-(13)C]Gly. These results revealed that the C1 metabolism played an important role, whereas the Calvin Cycle had only a small contribution during HCHO metabolism and detoxification in petunia under liquid HCHO stress.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Chenggong Campus, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong, Kunming 650500, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Chenggong Campus, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong, Kunming 650500, China.
authors.forename: Lijuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Chenggong Campus, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong, Kunming 650500, China.
authors.forename: Huiqun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Chenggong Campus, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong, Kunming 650500, China.
authors.forename: Shuang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Chenggong Campus, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong, Kunming 650500, China.
authors.forename: Xinjia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Chenggong Campus, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong, Kunming 650500, China.
authors.forename: Shengen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Chenggong Campus, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong, Kunming 650500, China.
authors.forename: Kunzhi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Chenggong Campus, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong, Kunming 650500, China. Electronic address: chenlimeikm@126.com.
authors.forename: Limei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000378:metabolism*; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D020675:Peroxisomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D032306:Petunia / Q000378:metabolism*; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D004202:Disinfectants; D005557:Formaldehyde
keywords: C1 metabolism; Formaldehyde detoxification; Formaldehyde metabolism; Liquid formaldehyde stress; Petunia