title: Testicular resistive index determined by Doppler ultrasonography in men with spinal cord injury - a case series.
abstract: In this case series, the testicular resistive index was determined in men with spinal cord injury. In ten men participating in our fertility programme, the peak systolic and end-diastolic velocity of centripetal testicular arteries was measured in triplicates by Doppler ultrasonography to calculate the testicular resistive index. Furthermore, the right and left testicular volume was determined by ultrasonography, blood samples were obtained for hormonal evaluation, and sperm analysis was performed according to the WHO guidelines. The median testicular resistive index measured 0.69 and was significantly (P < 0.001) greater than the reported cut-off value of 0.6. The spermiograms were characterised by normal sperm count but decreased sperm motility and plasma membrane integrity. The median right and left testicular volume was significantly (P < 0.01) smaller compared to the volumes measured in able-bodied adult males without scrotal pathology and measured 8.4 ml and 7.2 ml respectively. There was a significant (P = 0.005) correlation (rs  = 0.81) between testicular resistive index and sperm concentration. However, no correlations were observed between testicular resistive index and other variables. The testicular resistive index in men with spinal cord injury was significantly greater than 0.6. Measuring the testicular resistive index may represent a useful additional parameter in the assessment of infertility in spinal cord-injured men.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Trial Unit, Swiss Paraplegic Centre, Nottwil, Switzerland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Krebs
authors.affiliation: Neurourology, Swiss Paraplegic Centre, Nottwil, Switzerland.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Göcking
authors.affiliation: Neurourology, Swiss Paraplegic Centre, Nottwil, Switzerland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pannek
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013076:Sperm Count; D013081:Sperm Motility; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D013737:Testis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler
keywords: Doppler ultrasonography; fertility; spermiogram; spinal cord injury; testicular resistive index