title: The therapeutic efficacy of α-pinene in an experimental mouse model of allergic rhinitis.
abstract: In the present study, the therapeutic effect and underlying mechanism of α-pinene (α-PN) in the ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized allergic rhinitis (AR) model were investigated. Our results showed that pretreatment with α-PN caused a decrease in clinical symptoms, including a decrease in the number of nasal, eye, and ear rubs, and spleen weight in the OVA-sensitized mice. The level of interleukin (IL)-4 was decreased on the spleen tissue of α-PN treated mice. Pretreatment with α-PN significantly decreased levels of nasal immunoglobulin E. Protein levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 were decreased by the administration of α-PN in the nasal mucosa of the OVA-sensitized mice. The increased numbers of eosinophils and mast cells infiltrating the nasal mucosal tissue of mice with AR were decreased following oral administration of α-PN. Post-treatment with α-PN 1h after OVA challenge also resulted in a significant reduction of clinical symptoms and IgE levels. In addition, the expression and phosphorylation of receptor-interacting protein 2 (RIP2) and IκB kinase (IKK)-β and activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and caspase-1 were all increased in the activated human mast cell line, HMC-1 cells, however, increased activations of RIP2, IKK-β, NF-κB, and caspase-1 were inhibited by treatment with α-PN. Taken together, we suggest that α-PN is a promising anti-allergic agent and may be useful in the clinical management of AR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sun-Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.affiliation: Department of Food & Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Cha-kwon
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: High-Enthalpy Plasma Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jun-Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: So-Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Rah
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: hmkim@khu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Hyung-Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Technology and Biochip Research Center, Hoseo University, 165 Sechul-ri, Baebang-myun, Asan, Chungnam 336-795, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: hjjeong@hoseo.edu.
authors.forename: Hyun-Ja
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Jeong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000081008:Bicyclic Monoterpenes; D020170:Caspase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D054426:Chemokine CXCL2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase / Q000378:metabolism; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000378:metabolism; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000378:metabolism; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D053475:Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D065631:Rhinitis, Allergic / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents; D000081008:Bicyclic Monoterpenes; D054426:Chemokine CXCL2; C404915:Cxcl2 protein, mouse; C090509:Icam1 protein, mouse; D039821:Monoterpenes; D016328:NF-kappa B; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007073:Immunoglobulin E; C506253:RIPK2 protein, human; D053475:Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinase 2; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase; D020170:Caspase 1; C005451:alpha-pinene
keywords: Allergic rhinitis; Inflammation; Mast cells; α-Pinene