title: Inhibition of the invasion and migration of renal carcinoma 786‑o‑si3 cells in vitro and in vivo by Koelreuteria formosana extract.
abstract: Koelreuteria formosana ethanolic extract (KFEE) is obtained from natural plants that are endemic to Taiwan. In a previous study, it was demonstrated that KFEE inhibited low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and prevented oxidized LDL‑induced apoptosis in endothelial cells. In the present study, KFEE was shown to inhibit the invasion and migration of 786‑O‑SI3 renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells while not exhibiting any cytotoxic effects. 786‑O‑SI3 cells were treated with KFEE at numerous concentrations of ≤100 µg/ml for 24 h. In order to examine the effects of KFEE, cells were then subjected to a series of assays for cell viability (MTT), wound healing migration, cell invasion and migration, gelatin zymography, casein zymography and immunofluorescence, as well as western blot analysis. KFEE was shown to decrease levels of matrix metalloproteinase‑2, phosphorylated (p‑)focal adhesion kinase Try925, p‑paxillin Ser178, p‑mitogen‑activated protein kinase kinase 1/2, p‑myosin light chain and p‑extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 in 786-0-SI3 cells. Reduction of lung metastases was observed in KFEE-treated mice compared with vehicle‑treated control mice. KFEE inhibited the invasion of RCC cells and may have the potential for use as a chemopreventive agent against RCC metastasis.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Chin-Yin
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Pei-Ni
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Li-Sung
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Dong Yih
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.affiliation: Institute and Department of Food Science, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung 40601, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Shu-Chen
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Yih-Shou
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Hsieh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics; D018994:Myosin Light Chains / Q000235:genetics; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051419:Paxillin / Q000235:genetics; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D018994:Myosin Light Chains; D051419:Paxillin; D010936:Plant Extracts; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2