title: Leishmania donovani phosphoproteins pp41 and pp29 re-establishes host protective immune response in visceral leishmaniasis.
abstract: As phospho proteins are reported to be involved in virulence and survival, the ability of Leishmania to inhibit macrophage effector functions may result from a direct interference of leishmanial molecules with macrophage signal transduction pathways. Several such proteins such as pp63, pp41 and pp29 have also been identified as a Th1 stimulatory protein in the Leishmania donovani. In the present study, the immunogenicity of a cocktail of pp63+pp41+pp29 was assessed by estimation of serum antibody titre, nitric oxide(NO) production, estimation of Th1 cytokine(IFN-γ) as well as Th2 cytokines(IL-4), and determination of parasite load in L. donovani infected mice. In the group immunized with antigenic cocktail there was a sharp rise in antibody titer up to Day 20 which reduced considerably by Day 50. Groups of mice vaccinated with pp63, pp41, pp29 and the antigenic cocktail expressed 10-fold, 16-fold, 22-fold and 25-fold increase respectively in NO production by splenocytes. The animal groups immunized with pp63, pp41, pp29 and the antigenic cocktail showed reduced parasite load in the liver and spleen, as well as increased IFN-gamma production in the spleen. Furthermore immunized animals remained with a normal hematological profile, whereas L. donovani in unimmunized mice lead to significant anemia.
authors.affiliation: Division of Immunology, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, 800007India.
authors.forename: Pranati
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Das
authors.affiliation: Division of Immunology, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, 800007India.
authors.forename: Ajay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amit
authors.affiliation: Division of Immunology, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, 800007India.
authors.forename: Shubhankar Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Division of Immunology, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, 800007India.
authors.forename: Rajesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chaudhary
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Informatics, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, 800007India.
authors.forename: Manas Ranjan
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Dikhit
authors.affiliation: Division of Immunology, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, 800007India.
authors.forename: Anupam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yadav
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, 800007India.
authors.forename: Krishna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pandey
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, 800007India.
authors.forename: Vidya Nand Rabi
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Das
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, 211006India.
authors.forename: Shanty
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sundram
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, 800007India.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Das
authors.affiliation: Division of Immunology, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, 800007India. Electronic address: drsbimal24@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Sanjiva
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bimal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000097:blood; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D007114:Immunization; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000276:immunology; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D007893:Leishmania donovani / Q000276:immunology*; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D059208:Parasite Load; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000276:immunology*; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D013154:Spleen / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology
chemical_list: D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D015800:Protozoan Proteins; D016753:Interleukin-10; D015847:Interleukin-4; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D007371:Interferon-gamma
keywords: Interferon gamma; Leishmania donovani; Nitric oxide; Phosphoproteins; Visceral leishmaniasis