title: Left ventricular dilation and incident congestive heart failure in asymptomatic adults without cardiovascular disease: multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis (MESA).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Limited data exist on the association between left ventricular (LV) dilation/remodeling and incident heart failure (HF), especially in adults without prior myocardial infarction (MI) and valvular heart disease. We assessed the association between LV dilation and remodeling and incident HF in a multiethnic cohort.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 4,974 of 6,814 participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) had cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and complete data. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard analyses were used to assess the association between LV end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) and adjudicated HF. During the 12 years of follow-up (mean 9.4 y), 177 (3.6%) HF events occurred, 126 (71.2%) in HF with reduced ejection fraction (EF) and 51 (28.8%) in HF with preserved EF. LV dilation (LVEDD >52 mm or >95th percentile) was associated with HF in univariate (hazard ratio [HR] 1.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08-1.46; P = .007) and multivariable Cox models (HR 1.28, 95% CI 1.09-1.57; P = .01) adjusting for traditional risk factors, medication use, LV EF, and interim MI. We found a significant multiplicative interaction between LVEDD and LV EF in our full multivariable models. Participants with dilated LV and preserved EF had increased risk [HR 2.22, 95% CI 1.46-3.37; P = .006) and those with dilated LV and reduced EF had worse prognosis (HR 7.35, 95% CI 2.36-22.85; P = .0006) compared with normal-size LV and preserved EF. A high proportion of participants with LV dilation had eccentric remodeling, a risk factor for HF. Concentric hypertrophy, also a risk factor for HF, was common in the normal-size LV group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LV dilation predicts incident HF independently from risk factors, LV EF, and interim MI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; Department of Cardiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina. Electronic address: jyeboah@wakehealth.edu.
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yeboah
authors.affiliation: National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Bluemke
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; Department of Cardiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
authors.forename: W Gregory
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Hundley
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; Department of Cardiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Carlos J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.affiliation: Cardiology and Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Joao A C
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; Department of Cardiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Herrington
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D015994:Incidence; D019028:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D017678:Sex Distribution; D016019:Survival Analysis
keywords: Left ventricular dilation; heart failure; left ventricular ejection fraction; left ventricular remodeling; risk factors