title: Intranasal immunization with DNA vaccine coexpressing Der p 1 and ubiquitin in an allergic rhinitis mouse model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The worldwide prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) is increasing, whereas treatments for AR remain limited in effect. Therefore, a new type of effective drug is eagerly in demand.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To create a hypoallergenic vaccine by forced ubiquitination.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the present study, we constructed a DNA vaccine coexpressing Der p 1 allergen and murine ubiquitin, which used chitosan as a carrier. Through the vitro and vivo experiments, we evaluated its protective efficacy against AR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results indicated that the DNA vaccine pVAX1-Ub-Derp1/CS had been successfully constructed. This nanoparticle could not only transfect 293T cells in vitro but also transform cells in vivo. The inflammation of nasal mucosa in an AR murine model via immunization with pVAX1-Ub-Derp1/CS was less severe than those without treatments. Furthermore, it found that mice immunized with pVAX1-Ub-Derp1/CS generated a high level of specific IgG but a low level of specific IgE (P < .01). The significantly increased levels of interferon-γ and the significantly decreased levels of interleukins 4, 10, and 17 indicated that a TH1-type response was elicited by immunization with pVAX1-Ub-Derp1/CS (P < .01). This effect was especially stronger through intranasal immunization.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nasal mucosal immunization and ubiquitination are efficacious strategies to enhance the efficiency and safety of DNA vaccine. The nanoparticle pVAX1-Ub-Derp1/CS is expected to be a new kind of effective vaccine for AR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ou
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Wendan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. Electronic address: doctorxy37138@163.com.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Zezhang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Tao
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D039741:Antigens, Dermatophagoides / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D060829:Arthropod Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D003888:Desensitization, Immunologic / Q000379:methods; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000276:immunology; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007114:Immunization; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010957:Plasmids / Q000276:immunology; D065631:Rhinitis, Allergic / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D058408:Th1-Th2 Balance; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D039741:Antigens, Dermatophagoides; D060829:Arthropod Proteins; C556062:IL10 protein, mouse; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D020381:Interleukin-17; D025801:Ubiquitin; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D016753:Interleukin-10; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007073:Immunoglobulin E; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; C451162:Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus antigen p 1