title: Adult plant development in triticale (× triticosecale wittmack) is controlled by dynamic genetic patterns of regulation.
abstract: Many biologically and agronomically important traits are dynamic and show temporal variation. In this study, we used triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) as a model crop to assess the genetic dynamics underlying phenotypic plasticity of adult plant development. To this end, a large mapping population with 647 doubled haploid lines derived from four partially connected families from crosses among six parents was scored for developmental stage at three different time points. Using genome-wide association mapping, we identified main effect and epistatic quantitative trait loci (QTL) at all three time points. Interestingly, some of these QTL were identified at all time points, whereas others appear to only contribute to the genetic architecture at certain developmental stages. Our results illustrate the temporal contribution of QTL to the genetic control of adult plant development and more generally, the temporal genetic patterns of regulation that underlie dynamic traits.
authors.affiliation: State Plant Breeding Institute, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany tobias.wuerschum@uni-hohenheim.de.
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Würschum
authors.affiliation: Crop Genetics and Breeding Department, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Wenxin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Plant Breeding Institute, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
authors.forename: Katharina V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Alheit
authors.affiliation: ARC Centre of Excellence for Plant Cell Walls, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae SA 5064, Australia.
authors.forename: Matthew R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Tucker
authors.affiliation: State Plant Breeding Institute, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
authors.forename: Manje
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gowda
authors.affiliation: Saatzucht Dr. Hege GbR Domäne Hohebuch, 74638 Waldenburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Elmar A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Weissmann
authors.affiliation: State Plant Breeding Institute, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
authors.forename: Volker
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hahn
authors.affiliation: State Plant Breeding Institute, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
authors.forename: Hans Peter
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Maurer
mesh_terms: D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development*; D018745:Genome, Plant; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study; D008957:Models, Genetic; D010641:Phenotype; D040641:Quantitative Trait Loci
keywords: MPP; Multiparent Advanced Generation Inter-Cross (MAGIC); Multiparental populations; complex traits; dynamic QTL; genetic architecture; genome-wide association study (GWAS); high-density genotyping; plant development; triticale