title: Screening for type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with mental illness: application of a self-assessment score for diabetes mellitus risk.
abstract: Various methods for diabetes risk assessment have been developed over a decade, but they were not evaluated in patients with mental illness. This study examined the feasibility and utility of a self-assessment score for type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) risk among patients with mental illness. DM2 risk was assessed by patients with mental illness as well as clinicians via a self-assessment questionnaire, and the resulting scores were compared to each other as well as with actual diagnosis. Of 100 patients, nine patients were newly revealed to have DM2 and 34 patients have pre-DM2. Patients tended to underreport risk factors - obesity and physical activity - so perceived to have lower risk. Sensitivity of the self-assessment score was different when used by patients and by clinicians despite correlation coefficient of 0.82. Based on positive predictive values, we may expect one out of two patients who have high scores actually have DM2 or pre-DM2. Also, the discrimination capability was reasonably high (AUC=0.79), comparable to its performance observed in general populations. The self-assessment score has potential as a simple and adjunct tool to identify a high risk group of DM2/pre-DM2 among persons with mental illness, especially, when used together with health care providers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Elmhurst Hospital Center, 79-01, Broadway, Elmhurst, NY 11373, USA. Electronic address: jshin124@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Jinah K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Graduate Studies, Lienhard School of Nursing, Pace University, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Lillie M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Shortridge-Baggett
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Queens Hospital Center, Queens, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Issac
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sachmechi
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Elmhurst Hospital Center, 79-01, Broadway, Elmhurst, NY 11373, USA.
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Barron
authors.affiliation: Everest Clinical Research, 150 Clove Road, Little Fall, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Ya-Lin
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Bhavana
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bajracharya
authors.affiliation: Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Heejung
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012647:Self-Assessment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Mental illness; Pre-diabetes mellitus; Screening; Self-assessment score; Type 2 diabetes mellitus risk