title: Robotic repair of sinus venosus atrial septal defect with partial anomalous pulmonary venous return and persistent left superior vena cava.
abstract: The presence of partial anomalous pulmonary venous return and/or persistent left superior vena cava (LSVC) is usually viewed as a contraindication for robotic repair of complex atrial septal defects, such as those of the sinus venosus type. Three patients, aged 29, 73, and 23 years, successfully underwent totally endoscopic, robotic-assisted repair of sinus venosus-type atrial septal defect with partial anomalous pulmonary venous return and persistent LSVC. Two different techniques--direct cannulation or placement of a sump sucker--were successfully used to manage venous return from the persistent LSVC.
authors.affiliation: From the *Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery Princeton Baptist Medical Center, Birmingham, AL USA; †Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Long Beach Memorial Medical Center, Long Beach, CA USA; ‡Sarasota Memorial Hospital; §Sarasota Vascular Specialists, Sarasota, FL USA; and ∥University of Alabama at Birmingham Hospitals, Birmingham, AL USA.
authors.forename: Clifton T P
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: Daniel M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Bethencourt
authors.forename: Richard L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Stephens
authors.forename: Jennifer L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Cline
authors.forename: Charles M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Tyndal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D006344:Heart Septal Defects, Atrial / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010496:Pericardium / Q000637:transplantation; D011667:Pulmonary Veins / Q000002:abnormalities*; D065287:Robotic Surgical Procedures; D014683:Vena Cava, Superior / Q000002:abnormalities*; D055815:Young Adult