title: The relevance of coagulation in cardiovascular disease: what do the biomarkers tell us?
abstract: Several haemostatic factors have been associated with incident arterial cardiovascular disease in prospective studies and meta-analyses. Plasma fibrinogen shows a strong and consistent association with risk; however, this may reflect its inflammatory marker status, and causality remains to be proven. The common haemostatic gene polymorphisms for factor II, factor V and the von Willebrand factor: Factor VIII (non-O blood group) show significant associations with coronary heart disease (CHD) risk, consistent with potential causality. Increased D-dimer and t-PA antigen levels are associated with CHD risk, suggesting roles for coagulation activation and endothelial disturbance. There is little evidence for associations with CVD with other haemostatic factors.
authors.affiliation: Gordon Lowe, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, New Lister Building, Royal Infirmary, 10-16 Alexandra Parade, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK, Tel.: +44 141 211 4953, E-mail: Gordon.Lowe@glasgow.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Gordon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lowe
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rumley
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000502:physiology; D001779:Blood Coagulation Factors / Q000032:analysis; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood; D015539:Platelet Activation; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001779:Blood Coagulation Factors; D001798:Blood Proteins; D005340:Fibrinogen
keywords: Arterial thrombosis; coagulation factors; epidemiological studies