title: The current status of opioid maintenance treatment in France: a survey of physicians, patients, and out-of-treatment opioid users.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Project Access France was a national survey designed to provide real-world observations on the status of opioid dependence treatment in France.
  
  
  METHODS
  The views of physicians (n=100), patients (n=130), and out-of-treatment opioid users (n=33) were collected via interviews and questionnaires.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Physicians reported being moderately satisfied with treatment programs in their area (rating 6.9 out of 10). Most physicians (82%) reported being concerned about misuse and diversion of medication-assisted treatment (MAT) medications and 50% identified psychosocial/behavioral counseling as the key change that would most improve patient care. Among patients, the mean number of previous MAT episodes was low (1.5); 78% reported that it was easy to access a doctor to undergo MAT; 14% reported regularly or sometimes using heroin; misuse and diversion were reported in 15% and 39% of patients, respectively; and 57% of patients were not receiving psychosocial help. Out-of-treatment opioid users reported using drugs on a regular basis (42% regularly used heroin) and cited 'not wanting to give up drugs completely' as the most frequent reason for staying out of MAT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This survey highlights a number of positive features of the open-access, GP-based treatment model for opioid dependence in France. Challenges remain with regard to continued misuse/diversion of MAT medications and limited patient access to psychosocial support.
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Medical Research (INSERM) U-669, Hôpital Universitaire Paul Brousse, 94804 Villejuif, France.
authors.forename: Amine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Benyamina
keywords: France; buprenorphine; buprenorphine–naloxone; medication-assisted treatment; methadone; opioid maintenance treatment