title: CSF in Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive brain amyloidosis that injures brain regions involved in memory consolidation and other cognitive functions. Neuropathologically, the disease is characterized by accumulation of a 42-amino acid protein called amyloid beta, and N-terminally truncated fragments thereof, in extracellular senile plaques together with intraneuronal inclusions of hyperphosphorylated tau protein in neurofibrillary tangles, and neuronal and axonal degeneration and loss. Clinical chemistry tests for these pathologies have been developed for use on cerebrospinal fluid samples. Here, we review what these markers have taught us on the disease process in AD and how they can be implemented in routine clinical chemistry. We also provide an update on new marker development and ongoing analytical standardization effort.
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zetterberg
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lautner
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Skillbäck
authors.forename: Christoffer
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rosén
authors.forename: Pashtun
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Shahim
authors.forename: Niklas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mattsson
authors.forename: Kaj
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Blennow
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000175:diagnosis; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier; D006801:Humans; D017628:Microglia / Q000502:physiology; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D016875:tau Proteins