title: Deficiencies of macronutrient intake among HIV-positive breastfeeding women in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
abstract: We compared macronutrient intake, food insecurity, and anthropometrics in breastfeeding women: 40 HIV-positive women not yet on antiretroviral therapy and 40 HIV-negative women. Calculated deficits at 2 weeks were 517 kcal per day for HIV-positive women vs 87 kcal per day surplus for HIV-negative women (P = 0.01) and 29 g protein per day for HIV-positive women vs 16 g protein per day for HIV-negative women (P = 0.04). Food insecurity scores were 11.3 for HIV-positive women vs 7.8 for HIV-negative women (P < 0.01). Enhanced dietary education together with macronutrient supplementation may be required to improve health outcomes in HIV-positive women and their infants.
authors.affiliation: *Infectious Disease and International Health, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth and Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH; and †Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
authors.forename: Faith
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Nyasule M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Neke
authors.forename: Kristy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hendricks
authors.forename: Joyce
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wamsele
authors.forename: Zohra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lukmanji
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Waddell
authors.forename: Isaac
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Maro
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Connor
authors.forename: Todd
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mackenzie
authors.forename: Mecky
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matee
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bakari
authors.forename: Kisali
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pallangyo
authors.forename: C Fordham
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: von Reyn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry; D001942:Breast Feeding; D005260:Female; D005523:Food Supply / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013636:Tanzania / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult