title: Treating progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy with interleukin 7 and vaccination with JC virus capsid protein VP1.
abstract: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy is a currently untreatable infection of the brain. Here, we demonstrate in 2 patients that treatment with interleukin 7, JC polyomavirus (JCV) capsid protein VP1, and a Toll-like receptor 7 agonist used as adjuvant, was well tolerated, and showed a very favorable safety profile and unexpected efficacy that warrant further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Neuroimmunology and Clinical MS Research, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research, Department of Neurology, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Mireia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sospedra
authors.affiliation: Institute for Neuroimmunology and Clinical MS Research, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research, Department of Neurology, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Sven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schippling
authors.affiliation: Institute for Neuroimmunology and Clinical MS Research, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yousef
authors.affiliation: Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research, Department of Neurology, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Ilijas
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Jelcic
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bofill-Mas
authors.affiliation: Institute for Neuroimmunology and Clinical MS Research, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research, Department of Neurology, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Raquel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Planas
authors.affiliation: Institute for Neuroimmunology and Clinical MS Research, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Jan-Patrick
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Stellmann
authors.affiliation: Life Science Inkubator, Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Viktoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Demina
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cinque
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Garcea
authors.affiliation: Cytheris S.A., Issy Les Moulineaux, France.
authors.forename: Therese
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Croughs
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Rosina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Girones
authors.affiliation: Institute for Neuroimmunology and Clinical MS Research, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research, Department of Neurology, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Martin
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D015851:Interleukin-7 / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007577:JC Virus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D007968:Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D036022:Capsid Proteins; D015851:Interleukin-7; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; D014765:Viral Vaccines
keywords: IL-7; JC virus; VP1; progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy