title: Optimal treatment of non-muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma including perioperative management revisited.
abstract: Non-muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma is a heterogeneous disease that requires the practicing urologist to implement a variety of surgical and non-surgical treatment strategies. The disease course can range from recurrent low grade papillary disease to aggressive disease concerning for progression from initial presentation. Depending on the particular patient and goals of care, treatments similarly span the range from minimally invasive fulgurations to immediate radical cystectomy. For most patients some form of intravesical therapy will bridge the gap between transurethral resections (TUR) and radical surgery. Recent advances in the field continue to emphasize the importance of quality TUR and its strong impact on outcomes. In addition, continued research to optimize intravesical therapies has provided more information about how, when, and in whom these agents should be utilized to enhance their efficacy. This review covers the current state of NMIBC and the standards of care for the management of this disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 161 Fort Washington Ave., 11th Floor, New York, NY, 10032, USA, mjp2147@columbia.edu.
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Pagano
authors.forename: Gina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Badalato
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: McKiernan
mesh_terms: D000283:Administration, Intravesical; D015653:Cystectomy; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D007478:Iontophoresis; D009163:Mycobacterium bovis; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D019459:Urothelium / Q000473:pathology