title: Influence of magnesium on biochemical parameters of iron and oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Studies have shown that oxidative stress, found in patients with type 2 diabetes, may be due to changes in the metabolism of minerals, such as magnesium and iron. Data related to compartmentalization of these minerals in diabetes are scarce and controversial.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study assessed the influence of magnesium on biochemical parameters of iron and oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case-control study in male and female subjects aged 27-59 years, divided into two groups: type 2 diabetes (n=40) and control (n=48). Intake of magnesium and iron was assessed by three-day food record. Plasma, erythrocyte and urinary levels of magnesium, serum iron, ferritin, total iron binding capacity, fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin, insulin, creatinine clearance and plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were analyzed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Magnesium intake and plasma magnesium were lower in diabetic subjects. There was low urinary magnesium excretion, with no difference between groups. Although normal, the diabetic group had lower serum iron and ferritin concentrations compared to control subjects. Plasma TBARS in diabetic patients was higher than control while creatinine clearance was lower. An inverse correlation between erythrocyte magnesium and serum iron and ferritin was observed in the diabetes group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Diabetes induced hypomagnesemia and this, associated with chronic hyperglycemia, may have enhanced oxidative stress. Erythrocyte magnesium may have contributed to prevent iron overload and worsening of oxidative stress and hyperglycemic status.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Sciences and Health. Federal University of Piauí. Teresina. Piauí. Brazil.. fabianesampaio21@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Fabiane
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Araújo Sampaio
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition. Federal University of Piauí. Teresina. Piauí. Brazil.. mayarafeitosa@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Mayara
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Monte Feitosa
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo. São Paulo. Brazil.. cristianehermes@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Cristiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hermes Sales
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Sciences and Health. Federal University of Piauí. Teresina. Piauí. Brazil.. dmcsilva@bol.com.br.
authors.forename: Danilla Michelle
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Costa e Silva
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition. Federal University of Piauí. Teresina. Piauí. Brazil.. kyriajayanne@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Kyria Jayanne
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Clímaco Cruz
authors.affiliation: Lab Med Imagem, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil.. erasmo@medimagem.com.br.
authors.forename: Francisco Erasmo
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo. São Paulo. Brazil.. cecolli@usp.br.
authors.forename: Célia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Colli
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition. Federal University of Piauí. Teresina. Piauí. Brazil.. dilina.marreiro@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Dilina
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: do Nascimento Marreiro
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism*; D008274:Magnesium / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress
chemical_list: D007501:Iron; D008274:Magnesium