title: Protocols of analgesia in immediate postoperative period in urological surgery. Evaluation of pain and satisfaction of the patient in their application.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this work was to establish the analgesia protocols for different types of urological surgery and to analyze the impact on pain during the first 24 h after surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 186 patients undergoing urological surgery between 2011 and 2013. Seven analgesia protocols were established and applied according to the surgical procedure. At 24 h post-surgery, i.e., the initiation of analgesic treatment, patients` pain was evaluated by visual analog scale/numeric scale (VAS/NS), and their degree of satisfaction and nausea were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study sample comprised 137 males (73.7%) and 49 females (26.3%), with a mean age of 58.5 ± 14.7 yrs. Analgesia protocol 1 was applied in 5.9% of patients, protocol 2 in 17.8%, protocol 3 in 8.6%, protocol 4 in 38.9%, protocol 5 in 13.5%, protocol 6 in 14.6%, and protocol 7 in 0.5%. At 24 h post-surgery, the VAS/NS score was = 3 in 82.3% of patients; hence, only 17.7% required rescue analgesia; 71% of patients were highly satisfied with the treatment provided and 22.6% were satisfied. 6.4% were not satisfied.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Establishing analgesia protocols according to the type of surgery is a valid and useful measure to control postoperative pain during the first 24 h and to provide appropriate treatment standardization and follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia. Hospital de Jerez. Jerez de la Frontera. Spain.
authors.forename: Margarita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Paz-Suarez
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pérez-García
authors.forename: Maria Inmaculada
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Martín-Del Río
authors.forename: María Milagrosa
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Santana-Pineda
authors.forename: Ramon José
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Jover López-Rodrigalvez
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fernández-Mangas
authors.forename: Miguel Angel
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Arrabal-Polo
authors.forename: Álvaro
authors.initials: Á
authors.lastname: Juárez-Soto
mesh_terms: D000698:Analgesia; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011182:Postoperative Care; D013997:Time Factors; D013520:Urologic Surgical Procedures