title: Effect of ranirestat, a new aldose reductase inhibitor, on diabetic retinopathy in SDT rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of ranirestat, a new aldose reductase inhibitor (ARI), on diabetic retinopathy (DR) in Spontaneously Diabetic Torii (SDT) rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  The animals were divided into six groups, normal Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 8), untreated SDT rats (n = 9), ranirestat-treated SDT rats (0.1, 1.0, and 10 mg/kg/day, n = 7, 8, and 6, resp.), and epalrestat-treated SDT rats (100 mg/kg/day, n = 7). Treated rats received oral ranirestat or epalrestat once daily for 40 weeks after the onset of diabetes. After the eyes were enucleated, the retinal thickness and the area of stained glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The retinas in the untreated group were significantly thicker than those in the normal and ranirestat-treated (0.1, 1.0, and 10 mg/kg/day) groups. The immunostained area of GFAP in the untreated group was significantly larger than that in the normal and ranirestat-treated (1.0 and 10 mg/kg/day) groups. There were no significant differences between the untreated group and epalrestat-treated group in the retinal thickness and the area of stained GFAP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ranirestat reduced the retinal thickness and the area of stained GFAP in SDT rats and might suppress DR and have a neuroprotective effect on diabetic retinas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama 330-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Fumihiko
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Toyoda
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama 330-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshiaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama 330-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Ayumi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ota
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama 330-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Machiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shimmura
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama 330-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Nozomi
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0455-9605
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama 330-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takano
authors.affiliation: Drug Development Research Laboratories, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., 6-8-2 Doshomachi, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-0045, Japan.
authors.forename: Takafumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.affiliation: Drug Development Research Laboratories, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., 6-8-2 Doshomachi, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-0045, Japan.
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama 330-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0073-1343
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kakehashi
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000449:Aldehyde Reductase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011719:Pyrazines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012160:Retina / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D012236:Rhodanine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D013141:Spiro Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053778:Thiazolidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000449:Aldehyde Reductase; D001786:Blood Glucose; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D011719:Pyrazines; D012236:Rhodanine; D013141:Spiro Compounds; D053778:Thiazolidines; C038131:epalrestat; C115070:ranirestat