title: Serological evidence of H7, H5 and H9 avian influenza virus co-infection among herons in a city park in Jiangxi, China.
abstract: Extensive surveillance of influenza A viruses in different avian species is critical for understanding its transmission. Here, a breeding colony of Little Egrets and Black-crowned Night Herons was monitored both serologically and virologically in a city park of Jiangxi in 2009. A portion of herons had antibodies against H7 (52%), H5 (55%) and H9 (6%) subtype avian influenza virus (AIV) in egg yolk samples, and 45% had antibodies against different AIV serotypes (H5, H7 or H9) simultaneously. Greater numbers of samples with anti-AIV H5N1 recombination-4 (Re-4, clade 7) antibodies were measured compared with those containing anti-H5N1 Re-1 (clade 0) and Re-5 (clade 2.3.4) antibodies. Eight strains of H5 and 9 strains of H9 were isolated from poultry of nearby markets. These results indicate wild birds are at risk from infection and co-infection with H7, H5, and H9 subtypes. Investigation of wild bird infection might provide an early warning sign of potential novel AIVs circulating in the nearby poultry industry and even in human society.
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modelling, Center for Earth System Science, and School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
authors.forename: Guirong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modelling, Center for Earth System Science, and School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modelling, Center for Earth System Science, and School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
authors.forename: Xiaowen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
authors.forename: Zhiben
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modelling, Center for Earth System Science, and School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
authors.forename: Quanjiao
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Wildlife Conservation Division, Jiangxi Forest Bureau, Nanchang, 330031, China.
authors.forename: Xiaobin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.affiliation: Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
authors.forename: Ze
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China.
authors.forename: Jianyu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'ning, 810008, China.
authors.forename: Laixing
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: 1] Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modelling, Center for Earth System Science, and School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China [2] College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China [3] Department of Geography, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001717:Birds / Q000821:virology; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D053124:Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D057916:Influenza A Virus, H7N1 Subtype / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D053127:Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000097:blood / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000097:blood / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral