title: Selectins and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in schistosomiasis-associated pulmonary hypertension.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression profiles of the relevant selectins and PDGF in schistosomiasis-associated pulmonary hypertension.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with three distinct clinical profiles were enrolled in the study: IPAH(n = 11), schistosomiasis-associated PH (Sch-PH))(n = 13), and schistosomiasis without PH (Sch) (n = 13). Healthy volunteers, were recruited as a control group(n = 13). Echocardiography was performed in all groups, and the PH patients underwent right heart catheterization. Plasma soluble adhesion molecules E- and P-Selectin, PDGF-AB, PDGF-BB were determined by ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  E-selectin was significantly increased in the IPAH group compared with the other groups [the control, Sch + PH and Sch groups) (p < 0.001) (Fig. 2)]. P-selectin was lower in Sch (20.2 + 8.9 × 103 pg/mL) as compared to the control, (43 16.8 × 103 pg/mL), IPAH (35.8 7.8 × 103 pg/mL), and Sch + PH (36.8 ± 15.7 × 103 pg/mL) (p = 0.005) groups. Serum PDGF-BB levels were higher in the control group (8.9 ± 4.8 × 103 pg/mL) compared with the IPAH (3.7 ± 2.17 × 103 pg/mL), Sch + PH (5.2 ± 3.7 × 103 pg/mL) and Sch (2.4 ± 1.7 × 103 pg/mL) groups (p < 0.05). PDGF-AB levels were also higher in the control group (25.6 ± 8.6 × 103 pg/mL), compared with the other three groups, being the Sch group the one with lower serum levels of this marker (11.4 ± 8.6 × 103 pg/mL) (p = 0.006).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, vascular inflammation in schistosomiasis, with or without PH, is different from IPAH suggesting distinct pathophysiological mechanisms associated with the development of pulmonary hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Division, Heart Institute (InCor) Hospital Das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lapa
authors.forename: Milena M P
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Acencio
authors.forename: Alberto Q
authors.initials: AQ
authors.lastname: Farias
authors.forename: Lisete R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.forename: Caio J C
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.forename: Carlos P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Jardim
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Terra-Filho
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006801:Humans; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D012016:Reference Values; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012552:Schistosomiasis / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D019087:Selectins / Q000378:metabolism*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014657:Vasculitis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D019087:Selectins; C075278:platelet-derived growth factor A