title: ICU architectural design affects the delirium prevalence: a comparison between single-bed and multibed rooms*.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Delirium risk factors are related to the patients' acute and chronic clinical condition, treatment, and environment. The environmental risk factors are essentially determined by the ICU architectural design. Although there are countless architectural variations among the ICUs, all can be classified as single- or multibed rooms. Our objectives were to compare the ICU delirium prevalence and characteristics (coma/delirium-free days, first day in delirium, and delirium motoric subtypes) of critically ill patients admitted in single- or multibed rooms.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective.
  
  
  METHODS
  ICU of a teaching oncologic hospital with 31 beds. Twenty-three beds distributed in one multibed room with 13 beds and other with 10 beds. Eight beds distributed in single-bed rooms.
  
  
  METHODS
  All adult patients admitted from February to November 2011.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We evaluated 1,587 patients and included 1,253 patients. Patients' characteristics at ICU admission and their outcomes along the ICU stay were not different between patients admitted in single- or multibed rooms. One hundred sixty-three patients (13.0%) had delirium, and the prevalence was significantly lower in patients admitted in single-bed rooms (6.8% × 15.1%; p < 0.01). This lower prevalence occurred in patients admitted due to a medical (11.0% × 25.6%; p < 0.01) or postoperative (5.0% × 11.4%; p < 0.01) reason. However, the coma/delirium-free days, the first day in delirium, and the delirium motoric subtypes were not different between the single- and multibed rooms. The risk factors associated with delirium were admission in multibed rooms (odds ratio, 4.03; 95% CI, 2.13-7.62), older age, ICU-acquired infection, and higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score 3 and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Critically ill patients admitted in single-bed rooms have a lower prevalence of delirium than those admitted in multibed rooms. However, coma/delirium-free days, first day in delirium, and motoric subtypes were not different.
authors.affiliation: 1Unidade de Terapia Intensiva A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil. 2Disciplina de Pneumologia, Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Caruso
authors.forename: Lilian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guardian
authors.forename: Tatiane
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tiengo
authors.forename: Lucio Souza
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Dos Santos
authors.forename: Pedro Medeiros
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Junior
mesh_terms: D002173:Cancer Care Facilities / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003693:Delirium / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006744:Hospital Bed Capacity, 100 to 299; D006749:Hospital Design and Construction / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010362:Patients' Rooms / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors