title: Immunogenicity of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells transplanted via different routes in diabetic rats.
abstract: Due to their hypoimmunogenicity and unique immunosuppressive properties, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered one of the most promising adult stem cell types for cell therapy. Although many studies have shown that MSCs exert therapeutic effects on several acute and subacute conditions, their long-term effects are not confirmed in chronic diseases. Immunogenicity is a major limitation for cell replacement therapy, and it is not well understood in vivo. We evaluated the immunogenicity of allogeneic MSCs in vivo by transplanting MSCs into normal and diabetic rats via the tail vein or pancreas and found that MSCs exhibited low immunogenicity in normal recipients and even exerted some immunosuppressive effects in diabetic rats during the initial phase. However, during the later stage in the pancreas group, MSCs expressed insulin and MHC II, eliciting a strong immune response in the pancreas. Simultaneously, the peripheral blood mononuclear cells in the recipients in the pancreas group were activated, and alloantibodies developed in vivo. Conversely, in the tail vein group, MSCs remained immunoprivileged and displayed immunosuppressive effects in vivo. These data indicate that different transplanting routes and microenvironments can lead to divergent immunogenicity of MSCs.
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Rheumatology, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen, China [2] The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Cellular Therapy, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen, China.
authors.forename: Le-Hui
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Rheumatology, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen, China [2] The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Cellular Therapy, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen, China.
authors.forename: Tian-Tian
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: 1] The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Cellular Therapy, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen, China [2] Shenzhen Institute of Gerontology, Shenzhen, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Cellular Therapy, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Jie
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Cellular Therapy, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Rheumatology, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen, China [2] The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Cellular Therapy, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen, China [3] Shenzhen Institute of Gerontology, Shenzhen, China.
authors.forename: Fu-Rong
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D064591:Allografts; D000818:Animals; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar