title: Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy: clinical characteristics of surgical and nonsurgical patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review the patient and clinical characteristics of patients with Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Review of records for every patient who presented to the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute between 2003 and 2009 whose visit was coded for endothelial corneal dystrophy (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision [ICD9] 371.57), bullous keratopathy (ICD9 371.23), or who underwent a corneal surgery with or without cataract extraction. Demographic, clinical, and ancillary testing data were collected from the time of presentation, diagnosis, and follow-up, and the use, timing, and type of surgical interventions was documented, with 6-month and final visual acuities recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 2,370 charts were included in this study, of which 966 patients had a diagnosis of FECD. Of these, 197 patients (21%) received a corneal transplantation procedure. The surgery most often performed was penetrating keratoplasty with or without cataract extraction (66%), followed by endothelial keratoplasty with or without cataract extraction (34%). The risk factors for surgery include worse visual acuity at presentation (20/60 Snellen visual acuity in surgical patients versus 20/40 Snellen visual acuity in nonsurgical patients, P<0.001), greater average central corneal thickness (635 μm versus 592 μm, P<0.001), loss of visual acuity over time (two lines lost versus zero lines lost, P<0.001), increasing age (P<0.001), and male sex (P=0.008). Over half of patients (52%) did not receive surgery despite poor vision.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  During this time period, FECD did not have a consistent pattern for management or treatment, and despite advances in surgical techniques, most patients were still managed without surgery.
authors.affiliation: Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA ; Tufts-New England Eye Center/Ophthalmic Consultants of Boston, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Roger A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Goldberg
authors.affiliation: Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Sabri
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Raza
authors.affiliation: Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Walford
authors.affiliation: Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Feuer
authors.affiliation: Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA ; Shiley Eye Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Goldberg
keywords: Fuchs corneal dystrophy; bullous keratopathy; endothelial keratoplasty; penetrating keratoplasty