title: E. coli electroeradication on a closed loop circuit by using milli-, micro- and nanosecond pulsed electric fields: comparison between energy costs.
abstract: One of the different ways to eradicate microorganisms, and particularly bacteria that might have an impact on health consists in the delivery of pulsed electric fields (PEFs). The technologies of millisecond (ms) or microsecond (μs) PEF are still well known and used for instance in the process of fruit juice sterilization. However, this concept is costly in terms of delivered energy which might be too expensive for some other industrial processes. Nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEFs) might be an alternative at least for lower energetic cost. However, only few insights were available and stipulate a gain in cost and in efficiency as well. Using Escherichia coli, the impact of frequency and low rate on eradication and energy consumption by msPEF, μsPEF and nsPEF have been studied and compared. While a 1 log10 was reached with an energy cost of 100 and 158 kJ/L with micro- and millisecond PEFs respectively, nsPEF reached the reduction for similar energy consumption. The best condition was obtained for a 1 log10 deactivation in 0.5h, for energy consumption of 143 kJ/L corresponding to 0.04 W · h when the field was around 100 kV/cm. Improvement can also be expected by producing a generator capable to increase the electric field.
authors.affiliation: CNRS, IPBS (Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale), 205 route de Narbonne, BP64182, F-31077 Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, UPS, IPBS, F-31077 Toulouse, France; VERI, Chemin de la Digue, 78600 Maisons Laffitte, France.
authors.forename: Alexis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guionet
authors.affiliation: VERI, Chemin de la Digue, 78600 Maisons Laffitte, France.
authors.forename: Fabienne
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: David
authors.affiliation: ONERA, DMPH, Chemin de la Hunière, 91761 Palaiseau, France.
authors.forename: Clément
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zaepffel
authors.affiliation: Université de Toulouse, UPS, IPBS, F-31077 Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Mathilde
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Coustets
authors.affiliation: VERI, Chemin de la Digue, 78600 Maisons Laffitte, France.
authors.forename: Karim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Helmi
authors.affiliation: CERPEM, Maison de la Technopole, 6 rue Léonard de Vinci, F-53000 Laval, France.
authors.forename: Cyril
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cheype
authors.affiliation: ONERA, DMPH, Chemin de la Hunière, 91761 Palaiseau, France.
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Packan
authors.affiliation: CERPEM, Maison de la Technopole, 6 rue Léonard de Vinci, F-53000 Laval, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Garnier
authors.affiliation: MicroMar, Mer Molécules Santé, IUML-FR 3473 CNRS, Université du Maine, IUT de Laval, Dept. Génie Biologique, BP2045, 53020 Laval Cedex 9, France.
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Blanckaert
authors.affiliation: CNRS, IPBS (Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale), 205 route de Narbonne, BP64182, F-31077 Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, UPS, IPBS, F-31077 Toulouse, France. Electronic address: Justin.teissie@ipbs.fr.
authors.forename: Justin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Teissié
mesh_terms: D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D004867:Equipment Design; D004926:Escherichia coli; D013242:Sterilization / Q000379:methods*; D014871:Water Microbiology
keywords: Bacterial inactivation; Energy consumption; Flow rate; Microsecond pulsed electric field; Nanosecond pulsed electric field