title: Label-free optical detection of biomolecular translocation through nanopore arrays.
abstract: In recent years, nanopores have emerged as exceptionally promising single-molecule sensors due to their ability to detect biomolecules at subfemtomole levels in a label-free manner. Development of a high-throughput nanopore-based biosensor requires multiplexing of nanopore measurements. Electrical detection, however, poses a challenge, as each nanopore circuit must be electrically independent, which requires complex nanofluidics and embedded electrodes. Here, we present an optical method for simultaneous measurements of the ionic current across an array of solid-state nanopores, requiring no additional fabrication steps. Proof-of-principle experiments are conducted that show simultaneous optical detection and characterization of ssDNA and dsDNA using an array of pores. Through a comparison with electrical measurements, we show that optical measurements are capable of accessing equivalent transmembrane current information.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Northeastern University , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States.
authors.forename: Andrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ivankin
authors.forename: Robert Y
authors.initials: RY
authors.lastname: Henley
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Larkin
authors.forename: Spencer
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Carson
authors.forename: Michael L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Toscano
authors.forename: Meni
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wanunu
mesh_terms: D001692:Biological Transport; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D058608:Nanopores; D055095:Optics and Photonics
keywords: fluorescence; ionophore; nanopore; optical patch-clamping; single-molecule