title: The intracarotid etomidate Wada test: a 54-patient series.
abstract: Hemispheric language dominance and isolated hemispheric memory function evaluation can be undertaken with the intracarotid injection of a general anesthetic agent (Wada test). Amobarbital has been traditionally used as the anesthetic agent, but legal and commercial constraints limit its use. We evaluated the use of etomidate as an alternative agent for the Wada test in a series of 54 consecutive adult patients with mesial temporal sclerosis undergoing presurgical evaluation for epilepsy surgery. Language lateralization and hemispheric memory function evaluation were successfully achieved in all cases. Side effects (somnolence, tremor, and dystonia) were infrequent, minor, and transient and did not require interruption of the procedure. Etomidate appears to be a safe and effective alternative agent to amobarbital in the Wada test. Similarly to the amobarbital Wada test, the ability of the etomidate Wada test to predict postoperative memory decline remains unclear.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Hospital das Clinicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: valmirpas@ig.com.br.
authors.forename: Valmir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Passarelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Hospital das Clinicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lecio F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Hospital das Clinicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carmen L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Jorge
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Hospital das Clinicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Puglia
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Hospital das Clinicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carla C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Adda
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Hospital das Clinicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Hung-Tzu
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Hospital das Clinicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luiz H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Castro
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004833:Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / Q000601:surgery*; D005045:Etomidate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007269:Injections, Intra-Arterial; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D005045:Etomidate
keywords: Epilepsy surgery; Etomidate; Wada test