title: Nymphaea rubra ameliorates TNF-α-induced insulin resistance via suppression of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase and nuclear factor-κB in the rat skeletal muscle cells.
abstract: In this work, we demonstrated insulin signaling and the anti-inflammatory effects by the chloroform fraction of ethanolic extract of Nymphaea rubra flowers in TNF-α-induced insulin resistance in the rat skeletal muscle cell line (L6 myotubes) to dissect out its anti-hyperglycemic mechanism. N. rubra enhances the GLUT4-mediated glucose transport in a dose dependent manner and also increases the tyrosine phosphorylation of both IR-β and IRS-1, and the IRS-1 associated PI-3 kinase activity in TNF-α-treated L6 myotubes. Moreover, N. rubra decreases Ser(307) phosphorylation of IRS-1 by the suppression of JNK and NF-κB activation. In conclusion, N. rubra reverses the insulin resistance by the inhibition of c-Jun NH2-Terminal Kinase and Nuclear-κB.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India.
authors.forename: Sudeep
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gautam
authors.forename: Neha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rahuja
authors.forename: Nayab
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ishrat
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Asthana
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.forename: Rakesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Maurya
authors.forename: Swatantra Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.forename: Arvind Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Srivastava
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D035264:Flowers / Q000737:chemistry*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4 / Q000378:metabolism; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D030721:Nymphaea / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010936:Plant Extracts; C495694:Slc2a4 protein, rat; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D005947:Glucose