title: Fe₃O₄/SiO₂/TiO₂ nanoparticles for photocatalytic degradation of 2-chlorophenol in simulated wastewater.
abstract: Photocatalysis has emerged as an advance and environmental-friendly process for breakdown of organic contaminants in wastewater. This work reports facile synthesis and characterization of stable magnetic core-shell-shell Fe3O4/SiO2/TiO2 nanoparticles and their effectiveness for photocatalysis. The surface morphology, crystal structure, and chemical properties of the photocatalyst were characterized by using scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and nitrogen physisorption. Stability of synthesized nanoparticles in aqueous medium was tested by leaching test. The photocatalytic degradation of 2-chlorophenol was investigated and reaction parameters for best catalyst performance were optimized. Catalyst dose of 0.5 g/L under optimized conditions produced complete degradation of 25 mg/L 2-chlorophenol (2-CP) within 130 min of 100-W ultraviolet (UV) irradiation while 97.2 % degradation of 50 mg/L 2-CP was achieved within 3 h. The rate of photocatalytic degradation was determined by considering pseudo first-order kinetics and Hugul's kinetic equations. The Hugul's kinetics was found to provide a better interpretation of the experimental results than the generally adopted pseudo first-order reaction kinetics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Meteorology and Environment, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, jamshaidrashid@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jamshaid
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rashid
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Barakat
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ruzmanova
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chianese
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis; D002733:Chlorophenols / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods*; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010782:Photolysis; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D002733:Chlorophenols; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D014025:Titanium; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C009495:titanium dioxide; C000499:ferric oxide; C030683:2-chlorophenol