title: Profiling contents of water-soluble metabolites and mineral nutrients to evaluate the effects of pesticides and organic and chemical fertilizers on tomato fruit quality.
abstract: In this study, the contents of water-soluble metabolites and mineral nutrients were measured in tomatoes cultured using organic and chemical fertilizers, with or without pesticides. Mineral nutrients and water-soluble metabolites were determined by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry and (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry, respectively, and results were analysed by principal components analysis (PCA). The mineral nutrient and water-soluble metabolite profiles differed between organic and chemical fertilizer applications, which accounted for 88.0% and 55.4%, respectively, of the variation. (1)H-(13)C-hetero-nuclear single quantum coherence experiments identified aliphatic protons that contributed to the discrimination of PCA. Pesticide application had little effect on mineral nutrient content (except Fe and P), but affected the correlation between mineral nutrients and metabolites. Differences in the content of mineral nutrients and water-soluble metabolites resulting from different fertilizer and pesticide applications probably affect tomato quality.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Horticulture, Chiba University, 648 Matsudo, Chiba 271-8510, Japan. Electronic address: masamiwata@faculty.chiba-u.jp.
authors.forename: Masami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Horticulture, Chiba University, 648 Matsudo, Chiba 271-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Horticulture, Chiba University, 648 Matsudo, Chiba 271-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Sun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Licang
authors.affiliation: NODAI Research Institute, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragooka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Motoyama
authors.affiliation: RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehirocho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan; Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29 Suehirocho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan; Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, 1 Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-0810, Japan.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
mesh_terms: D005308:Fertilizers / Q000032:analysis*; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D008903:Minerals / Q000032:analysis*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D012995:Solubility; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D005308:Fertilizers; D008903:Minerals; D010575:Pesticides; D014867:Water
keywords: (1)H–(13)C HSQC; Chemical fertilizers; Metabolites; Mineral nutrients; NMR profiling; Organic fertilizers; Pesticides; Tomato