title: Nursing Diagnosis Development of Longing: Content Validation With Nursing Experts.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Validate the defining characteristics, related factors, and definition of proposed nursing diagnosis: longing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using Fehring's Diagnostic Content Validation model, expert nurses rated the frequency of longing seen in patients/caregivers. Agreement with the proposed definition was also tabulated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  None of the defining characteristics reached major criteria (>0.80). Six of the 84 characteristics achieved a weighted ratio of less than 0.50. The proposed definition and related factors were supported.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Current research supports the proposed development of a nursing diagnosis for the human response of longing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because the psychosocial characteristics do not make longing easy to assess, continued research is needed to ask patients and caregivers about their personal experience with this human response.
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Eau Claire, Wisconsin.
authors.forename: Shelley-Rae
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Pehler
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Eau Claire, Wisconsin.
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Markwardt
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Eau Claire, Wisconsin.
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hibbard
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D009733:Nursing Diagnosis; D015399:Nursing Research
keywords: Fehring's Diagnostic Content Validation (DCV) model; longing; nursing diagnosis development