title: Age-related inflammation and insulin resistance: a review of their intricate interdependency.
abstract: Chronic inflammation is a major risk factor underlying aging and the associated diseases of aging; of particular interest is insulin resistance during aging. Chronic inflammation impairs normal lipid accumulation, adipose tissue function, mitochondrial function, and causes endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which lead to insulin resistance. However, some studies show that insulin resistance itself amplifies chronic inflammation. The activity of the insulin-dependent Akt signaling pathway is highlighted because of its decrease in insulin-sensitive organs, like liver and muscle, which may underlie insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, and its increased levels in non-metabolic organs, such as kidney and aorta. In that the prevalence of obesity has increased substantially for all age groups in recent years, our review summarizes the data showing the involvement of chronic inflammation in obesity-induced insulin resistance, which perpetuates reciprocal interactions between the chronic inflammatory process and increased adiposity, thereby accelerating the aging process.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA), College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Min Hi
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Dae Hyun
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Eun Kyeong
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Nam Deuk
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Dong Soon
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Im
authors.forename: Jaewon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Byung Pal
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Hae Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D059865:Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000276:immunology*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000276:immunology; D009765:Obesity / Q000276:immunology*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt