title: Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms (TaqI and ApaI) in relation to 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and coronary artery disease incidence.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previous studies have illustrated the association of the ApaI and TaqI polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor gene, located in non-coding and coding regions, respectively, with diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular disease; however, investigating such association in Egyptian patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) has never been formerly attempted.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male patients (n = 137), 35-50 years of age, with verified CAD, were recruited alongside age- and sex-matched controls (n = 58). Genotyping and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] measurement were performed by polymerase chain reaction RFLP and HPLC, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Comparison of the genotypic distribution of both the TaqI and ApaI polymorphisms between patients and controls yielded insignificant results (p = 0.55 and 0.7, respectively). Comparison of the allelic distribution of both polymorphisms also yielded insignificant results. The TaqI polymorphism was not found to predict 25(OH)D levels, whereas the wild-type genotype of the ApaI polymorphism was associated with greater levels of 25(OH)D (p = 0.02), taking all subjects into consideration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study presents the ApaI and TaqI polymorphisms as non-influencing players in the pathogenesis of CAD in Egyptian males and the ability of only the ApaI polymorphism to predict 25(OH)D levels, thus warranting further investigations of the triangular relationship between the polymorphisms, 25(OH)D and CAD incidence.
authors.affiliation: a Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology , German University in Cairo (GUC) , Cairo , Egypt and.|b Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany.
authors.forename: Mohamed A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Abu el Maaty
authors.affiliation: a Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology , German University in Cairo (GUC) , Cairo , Egypt and.
authors.forename: Sally I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Hassanein
authors.affiliation: a Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology , German University in Cairo (GUC) , Cairo , Egypt and.
authors.forename: Hameis M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Sleem
authors.affiliation: a Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology , German University in Cairo (GUC) , Cairo , Egypt and.
authors.forename: Mohamed Z
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Gad
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D004534:Egypt / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D005819:Genetic Markers / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol / Q000235:genetics*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012307:Risk Factors; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D005819:Genetic Markers; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol; D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D
keywords: 25-hydroxyvitamin D; Coronary artery disease; single nucleotide polymorphisms; vitamin D; vitamin D receptor