title: Defensins and sepsis.
abstract: Sepsis is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the critical illness. Multiple immune inflammatory processes take part in the pathogenesis of sepsis. Defensins are endogenous antimicrobial peptides with three disulphide bonds created by six cysteine residues. Besides the intrinsic microbicidal properties, defensins are active players which modulate both innate and adaptive immunity against various infections. Defensins can recruit neutrophils, enhance phagocytosis, chemoattract T cells and dendritic cells, promote complement activation, and induce IL-1β production and pyrotosis. Previous publications have documented that defensins play important roles in a series of immune inflammatory diseases including sepsis. This review aims to briefly summarize in vitro, in vivo, and genetic studies on defensins' effects as well as corresponding mechanisms within sepsis and highlights their promising findings which may be potential targets in future therapies of sepsis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Qingchun Road 79, Hangzhou 31003, China.
authors.forename: Guo-Hao
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Qingchun Road 79, Hangzhou 31003, China.
authors.forename: Qi-Xing
authors.initials: QX
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Qingchun Road 79, Hangzhou 31003, China.
authors.forename: Bao-Li
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Qingchun Road 79, Hangzhou 31003, China.
authors.forename: Xiang-Ming
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Fang
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity; D023082:Defensins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000276:immunology*; D018805:Sepsis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D023082:Defensins; D053583:Interleukin-1beta