title: Multimodality imaging of pulmonary infarction.
abstract: The impact of absent pulmonary arterial and venous flow on the pulmonary parenchyma depends on a host of factors. These include location of the occlusive insult, the speed at which the occlusion develops and the ability of the normal dual arterial supply to compensate through increased bronchial arterial flow. Pulmonary infarction occurs when oxygenation is cut off secondary to sudden occlusion with lack of recruitment of the dual supply arterial system. Thromboembolic disease is the commonest cause of such an insult but a whole range of disease processes intrinsic and extrinsic to the pulmonary arterial and venous lumen may also result in infarcts. Recognition of the presence of infarction can be challenging as imaging manifestations often differ from the classically described wedge shaped defect and a number of weighty causes need consideration. This review highlights aetiologies and imaging appearances of pulmonary infarction, utilising cases to illustrate the essential role of a multimodality imaging approach in order to arrive at the appropriate diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Ermine Street, Papworth Everard, Cambridge CB23 3RE, United Kingdom. Electronic address: timothyjpbray@gmail.com.
authors.forename: T J P
authors.initials: TJP
authors.lastname: Bray
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Ermine Street, Papworth Everard, Cambridge CB23 3RE, United Kingdom; University Department of Radiology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Hills Road, Box 318, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom. Electronic address: mortensen@doctors.org.uk.
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Mortensen
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Ermine Street, Papworth Everard, Cambridge CB23 3RE, United Kingdom. Electronic address: deepa.gopalan@btopenworld.com.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gopalan
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D064847:Multimodal Imaging; D054060:Pulmonary Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*
keywords: Arterial infarction; Fat embolism; In situ thrombus; Pulmonary embolus; Pulmonary infarction; Pulmonary torsion; Septic infarction; Thromboembolic disease; Vasculitic infarct; Venous infarction