title: Spatial and temporal synthesis of Mamestra configurata peritrophic matrix through a larval stadium.
abstract: The structure and synthesis of the Mamestra configurata peritrophic matrix (PM) was examined at various time points during a larval stadium. Bright field and confocal fluorescence microscopy revealed major differences between the PM of feeding and molting larvae. The PM from feeding larvae was thinner and composed of approximately 5-10 layers. In contrast, mid-molt larvae had a chitinaceaous PM composed of multiple thick layers which filled most of the midgut lumen. PM synthesis initiates in the anterior midgut, based on the expression of genes encoding chitin synthase-2 (CHS-2), coincident with the incorporation of the major structural PM proteins (McIIM1, McIIM2 and McPM1). This is followed by reinforcement with other PM proteins (McIIM3 and McIIM4) as it moves toward the posterior of the midgut. Chitin deacetylase (McCDA1) was associated only with the anterior PM. Collectively, these findings indicate that the structural properties of the PM differ along the length of the midgut. Genes encoding chitinolytic enzymes (McCHI and McNAG) were expressed and exochitinase activity was present when the PM had degraded (pre-molt) and when the new PM was forming (mid-molt), indicating that they are involved in either PM turnover and/or maintenance dependent upon the stage.
authors.affiliation: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada; Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Umut
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Toprak
authors.affiliation: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada; Department of Food and Bioproduct Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
authors.forename: Dwayne D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Hegedus
authors.affiliation: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
authors.forename: Doug
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Baldwin
authors.affiliation: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
authors.forename: Cathy
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Coutu
authors.affiliation: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada; Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. Electronic address: Martin.Erlandson@agr.gc.ca.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Erlandson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002686:Chitin / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002687:Chitin Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D004064:Digestive System / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D007814:Larva / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D018978:Molting; D009036:Moths / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019476:Insect Proteins; D002686:Chitin; D002687:Chitin Synthase; C400821:chitin synthase 2
keywords: Chitin deacetylase; Chitin synthase; Chitinase; Insect intestinal mucin; Mamestra configurata; N-acetylglucosaminidase; Peritrophic matrix formation; Peritrophin