title: Choroidal neovascularization in a patient with Crohn's disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report a case of subfoveal choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in a patient with Crohn's disease (CD) and to discuss a possible association between these two conditions.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is an observational case report.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A 69-year-old male affected by CD was referred to our department because of sudden visual acuity drop in the left eye. A subfoveal CNV was diagnosed based on slit-lamp fundus biomicroscopy and fluorescein angiography. Color fundus photography, infrared autofluorescence and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography imaging of both eyes were also performed. Following six intravitreal ranibizumab injections, visual improvement was obtained with no related adverse events.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We report a case of CNV as a possible rare extraintestinal manifestation of CD. The use of ranibizumab successfully impacted on CNV, while not affecting CD, which remained quiescent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Casalino
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Querques
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Corvi
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Borrelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Giacinto
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Triolo
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe Alvise
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Ramirez
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bandello
keywords: Anti-VEGF; Choroidal neovascularization; Crohn's disease; Fluorescein angiography; Intravitreal ranibizumab; Optical coherence tomography