title: Activation and regulation of pathogen sensor RIG-I.
abstract: Cells are equipped with a large set of pattern recognition receptors or sensors that detect foreign molecules such as pathogenic nucleic acids and initiate proinflammatory and antimicrobial innate immune responses. RIG-I is a cytosolic sensor that detects 5'-triphosphate double-stranded RNAs produced during infection. RIG-I is responsible for mounting an antimicrobial response against a variety of viruses and intracellular bacteria. RIG-I contains an intricate structural architecture that allows for efficient signaling downstream in the pathway and autoregulation. The RIG-I-mediated antimicrobial pathway is highly regulated in cells requiring various cofactors, negative regulators, and posttranslational modifications. Modulation of RIG-I and RIG-I-mediated signaling in cells by pathogens to evade recognition and activation of the antimicrobial pathway highlights the essential nature of RIG-I in the innate immune response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. Electronic address: jenish.patel@mssm.edu.
authors.forename: Jenish R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
authors.forename: Adolfo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: García-Sastre
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000071457:DEAD Box Protein 58; D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007372:Interferons / Q000378:metabolism; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D007372:Interferons; C452820:RIGI protein, human; D000071457:DEAD Box Protein 58; D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases
keywords: Antiviral response; Innate immunity; RIG-I-like receptors; Type I interferon; Virus