title: Current siRNA targets in the prevention and treatment of intimal hyperplasia.
abstract: Intimal hyperplasia (IH) is the leading cause of late vein and prosthetic bypass graft failure. Injury at the time of graft implantation leading to the activation of endothelial cells and dedifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells to a synthetic phenotype are known causes of IH. Prior attempts to develop therapy to mitigate these cellular changes to prevent IH and graft failure have failed. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) mediated targeted gene silencing is a promising tool to prevent IH. Several studies have been performed in this direction to target genes that are involved in IH. In this review we discuss siRNA targets that are being investigated for prevention and treatment of IH.
authors.affiliation: Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
authors.forename: Leena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pradhan-Nabzdyk
authors.forename: Chenyu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Frank W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: LoGerfo
authors.forename: Christoph S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Nabzdyk
mesh_terms: D017130:Angioplasty / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006131:Growth Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D006131:Growth Inhibitors; D006133:Growth Substances; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D014157:Transcription Factors; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases