title: Immediate loading of implants placed in patients with untreated periodontal disease: a 5-year prospective cohort study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the 5-year outcome of immediately loaded dental implants in patients with untreated periodontal disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective cohort study included 103 consecutive patients (51 females and 52 males) with an average age of 52 years (range: 22 to 80 years) who were rehabilitated with 380 implants supporting 145 prostheses in both jaws (40 single; 33 partial and 72 complete rehabilitations). The implants were inserted in patients with active and untreated periodontitis. The patients did not receive any previous periodontal treatment before implant surgery, except for an oral hygiene session immediately before the implant surgery. In maintenance (every 6 months) patients received periodontal treatment as needed. Outcome measures were: prostheses failures; implant failures; complications; and marginal bone level changes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifteen patients dropped out of the study (14.6%). Two patients lost two implants (FDI positions nos.12 and 42), rendering a cumulative survival rate of 97.9% and 99.4% at 5 years of followup using the patient and implant as unit of analysis, respectively. The average (standard deviation) marginal bone resorption was 0.71 mm (0.42 mm) at 5 years. Mechanical complications occurred in 14 patients, consisting of prostheses fractures (10 provisional prostheses and 4 definitive prostheses). Thirteen implants (3.9%) in 13 patients (14.8%) presented peri-implant pathology.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within the limitations of this study, it is possible to conclude that the rehabilitation of patients with untreated periodontitis using immediately loaded dental implants is feasible in the medium-term, when periodontal therapy is provided after rehabilitation and the patients are regularly maintained.
authors.forename: Paulo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Maló
authors.forename: Miguel de Araújo
authors.initials: Mde A
authors.lastname: Nobre
authors.forename: Armando
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ferro
authors.forename: Inês
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gravito
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000145:classification; D003442:Crowns; D003751:Dental Fistula / Q000209:etiology; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D003824:Denture, Complete; D003829:Denture, Partial; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D057893:Immediate Dental Implant Loading; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009910:Oral Hygiene; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000502:physiology; D057873:Peri-Implantitis / Q000209:etiology; D010508:Periodontal Abscess / Q000209:etiology; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult