title: Development of a smartphone app for adolescents with lupus: a collaborative meeting-based methodology inclusive of a wide range of stakeholders.
abstract: Traditional challenges of creating a medical app include hearing the voices of various stakeholders as a collective rather than in a consultative process that is sequential. This report describes the development of a mobile (smartphone) app for adolescents with lupus as well as the process that was used to overcome the challenge described above. The development of the smartphone app addressed optimal ways to incorporate information about 1) lupus, including the effects of both the disease and the medications used to treat it; 2) how life choices can affect lupus patients' condition; and 3) ways to increase self-management and communication. The collaborative concept-generating and requirements-gathering methodology was used during a two-day workshop with a range of stakeholders (ages 16 - 59 years) that focused on leveraging user-centered design methods to generate guidance to mobile app developers. The app development process conducted during the workshop included the following steps: 1) recruiting a goal-focused collaborative group, 2) defining app objectives, 3) evaluating potential needs of users, 4) brainstorming app features and use-case modeling, 5) reviewing existing app features and prototypes, 6) refining functionalities, 7) writing user narratives, 8) visualizing navigation and feature design, and 9) identifying content. The use of creative devices such as drawing interfaces fostered fun, engagement, and sustained energy, and the use of a brainstorming technique leveraged methods that ensured an inclusive process so that even participants who were shy, quiet, or easily intimidated by "professionals" felt confident to contribute. In addition to a name change for the app, project outcomes included the selection of the following app features: symptom tracking; appointment and medication reminders; a social media component; a medical summary; easy navigation; informational content; gamification; and personalization (options for customization).
authors.affiliation: Division of Adolescent Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Herschman
authors.affiliation: Guiding Star Communications and Consulting, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Todd
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kasenberg
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America.
authors.forename: Natasha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ruth
authors.affiliation: Mohawk College, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Christy
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Taberner
authors.affiliation: Division of Adolescent Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaufman
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Regina
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000628:therapy*; D008875:Middle Aged; D063731:Mobile Applications; D000068997:Smartphone; D055815:Young Adult