title: Off-pump tricuspid valved stent implantation: real-time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography for guidance and assessment.
abstract: In this case report, the value of real-time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) for guidance and assessment of orthotopic tricuspid valved stent implantation in the beating heart is assessed in four pigs. A full two-dimensional TEE evaluation of standardized parameters was conducted. Three-dimensional TEE provided dependable imaging of anatomical structures of the right side of the heart, the delivery system, and the valved stent, allowing easier orientation and more accurate views for the surgical team. Although visualization of the tricuspid valve in the porcine model is challenging, it contributed highly to the successful implantation of the tricuspid valved stent.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Saskia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pokorny
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Huenges
authors.forename: Jan-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Gundlach
authors.forename: Derk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Frank
authors.forename: Justus
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gro
authors.forename: Jochen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cremer
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lutter
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D047549:Coronary Artery Bypass, Off-Pump / Q000379:methods; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal; D019918:Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / Q000379:methods; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D023421:Models, Animal; D015607:Stents; D013552:Swine; D014261:Tricuspid Valve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional