title: Antioxidant and cholinesterases inhibitory activities of Verbascum xanthophoeniceum Griseb. and its phenylethanoid glycosides.
abstract: The members of Verbascum L. (Scrophulariaceae) are known to be rich in phenylethnoid glycosides, and among them Verbascum xanthophoeniceum is an endemic plant species for the Balkan region, Northwestern, and Southern Turkey. A scheme was developed for the isolation of the main active constituents that accumulate in plant aerial parts. The antioxidant activities of total methanol extracts, collected phenylethanoid glycosides fractions and specific active constituents (forsythoside B, verbascoside and leucosceptoside B) were then evaluated in 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH·), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORACFL), hydroxyl radical averting capacity (HORACFL), ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and superoxide anion (O2(-)) radical scavenging assays. In vitro acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChe) inhibitory activities of abovementioned extracts, fractions and isolated pure compounds were also examined. Depending on the method used, forsythoside B, verbascoside and leucosceptoside B proved to be effective radical scavengers and cholinesterases inhibitors. On the basis of these findings it can be proposed that in addition to providing a potent source of antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory compounds, Verbascum plants could serve as attractive mines of powerful antioxidants for various purposes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbial Biosynthesis and Biotechnologies, Laboratory in Plovdiv, Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria; Division of Pharmacognosy, Section Metabolomics, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands. Electronic address: Milen.Georgiev@mailbox.tu-dresden.de.
authors.forename: Milen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Georgiev
authors.affiliation: Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.
authors.forename: Kalina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Alipieva
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ilkay
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Orhan
authors.affiliation: Department of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.
authors.forename: Radoslav
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Abrashev
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
authors.forename: Petko
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Denev
authors.affiliation: Department of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Angelova
keywords: AChE and BChE inhibitions; DPPH; FRAP; HORAC(FL); ORAC(FL); Phenylethanoid glycosides; Superoxide anion; Verbascum xanthophoeniceum