title: Understanding the Structural Requirements of Hybrid (S)-6-((2-(4-Phenylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl)(propyl)amino)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-ol and its Analogs as D2/D3 Receptor Ligands: A Three-Dimensional Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (3D QSAR) Investigation.
abstract: To gain insights into the structural requirements for dopamine D2 and D3 agonists in the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) and to elucidate the basis of selectivity for D3 over D2 (D2/D3), 3D quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D QSAR) investigations using CoMFA (comparative molecular field analysis) and CoMSIA (comparative molecular similarity indices analysis) methods were performed on a series of 45 structurally related D2 and D3 dopaminergic ligands. Two alignment methods (atom-based and flexible) and two charge calculation methods (Gasteiger-Hückel and AM1) were used in the present study. Overall, D2 affinity and selectivity (D2/D3) models performed better with r2cvvalues of 0.71 and 0.63 for CoMFA and 0.71 and 0.79 for CoMSIA, respectively. The corresponding predictive r2values for the CoMFA and CoMSIA models were 0.92 and 0.86 and 0.91 and 0.78, respectively. The CoMFA models generated using flexible alignment outperformed the models with the atom-based alignment in terms of relevant statistics and interpretability of the generated contour maps while CoMSIA models obtained using atom-based alignment showed superiority in terms of internal and external predictive abilities. The presence of carbonyl group (C=O) attached to the piperazine ring and the hydrophobic biphenyl ring were found to be the most important features responsible for the D3 selectivity over D2. This study can be further utilized to design and develop selective and potent dopamine agonists to treat PD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences (EACPHS), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201. USA.
authors.forename: Gyan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Modi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences (EACPHS), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201. USA.
authors.forename: Horrick
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SPP School of Pharmacy and Technology Management (SPPSPTM), SVKM's NMIMS, Mumbai-400 056. India.
authors.forename: Prashant S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Kharkar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences (EACPHS), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201. USA.
authors.forename: Aloke K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Dutta
keywords: CoMFA; CoMSIA; D2 affinity; D3 affinity; D3 selectivity