title: Associations of television viewing time with adults' well-being and vitality.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Television (TV) viewing, a common leisure-time sedentary behaviour, is associated adversely with cardio-metabolic health, fatigue, depression and mental health. However, associations of TV viewing time with health-related quality of life attributes are less well understood. We examined associations of TV viewing time with physical well-being, mental well-being and vitality in a large population-based sample of Australian adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study sample comprised 4,483 men and 5,424 women (mean age 51±14years) from the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle study (1999-2000). Multiple linear regressions examined associations of TV viewing time (h/day) with the SF-36v1 physical and mental health component summary scores and the vitality sub-score, adjusting for leisure-time physical activity and waist circumference.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Each 1-h/day increment in TV viewing time was associated with lower physical (-0.56 [95% CI: -0.77, -0.34]) and mental (-0.41 [-0.70, -0.12]) component summary scores and vitality (-0.51 [-0.81, -0.21]). Associations remained significant after adjustment for leisure-time physical activity and waist circumference. There was a gender interaction for the association of TV viewing time with vitality (significant in men only).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TV viewing time is associated adversely with physical well-being, mental well-being and vitality. Further studies are required to better understand potential causal relationships and variations by gender and leisure-time physical activity.
authors.affiliation: Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. Electronic address: Paddy.Dempsey@bakeridi.edu.au.
authors.forename: Paddy C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Dempsey
authors.affiliation: Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Bethany J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.affiliation: Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Brigid M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Lynch
authors.affiliation: Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia; School of Population Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: Neville
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Owen
authors.affiliation: Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; School of Population Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth Australia.
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Dunstan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001315:Australia; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D013690:Television; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Gender; Mental health; Physical activity; Quality of life; Sedentary behaviour; Television viewing; Vitality; Well-being