title: Entrepreneurship by any other name: self-sufficiency versus innovation.
abstract: Entrepreneurship has been promoted as an innovative strategy to address the employment of people with disabilities. Research has predominantly focused on the self-sufficiency aspect without fully integrating entrepreneurship literature in the areas of theory, systems change, and demonstration projects. Subsequently there are gaps in services, policies, and research in this field that, in turn, have limited our understanding of the support needs and barriers or facilitators of entrepreneurs with disabilities. A thorough analysis of the literature in these areas led to the development of two core concepts that need to be addressed in integrating entrepreneurship into disability employment research and policy: clarity in operational definitions and better disability statistics and outcome measures. This article interrogates existing research and policy efforts in this regard to argue for a necessary shift in the field from focusing on entrepreneurship as self-sufficiency to understanding entrepreneurship as innovation.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Disability & Human Development , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , Illinois , USA.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Parker Harris
authors.forename: Kate
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Caldwell
authors.forename: Maija
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Renko
mesh_terms: D004185:Disability Evaluation; D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D004526:Efficiency; D004651:Employment / Q000458:organization & administration*; D016520:Entrepreneurship / Q000458:organization & administration*; D005260:Female; D006291:Health Policy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009936:Organizational Innovation; D011050:Policy Making; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012050:Rehabilitation, Vocational / Q000379:methods*; D014481:United States
keywords: disability employment; disability policy; entrepreneurship; innovation; literature review; policy analysis; self-sufficiency; social policy