title: Multigenerational exposure to ocean acidification during food limitation reveals consequences for copepod scope for growth and vital rates.
abstract: The copepod Calanus finmarchicus is a key component of northern Atlantic food webs, linking energy-transfer from phytoplankton to higher trophic levels. We examined the effect of different ocean acidification (OA) scenarios (i.e., ambient, 1080, 2080, and 3080 μatm CO2) over two subsequent generations under limited food availability. Determination of metabolic and feeding rates, and estimations of the scope for growth, suggests that negative effects observed on vital rates (ontogenetic development, somatic growth, fecundity) may be a consequence of energy budget constraints due to higher maintenance costs under high pCO2-environments. A significant delay in development rate among the parental generation animals exposed to 2080 μatm CO2, but not in the following F1 generation under the same conditions, suggests that C. finmarchicus may have adaptive potential to withstand the direct long-term effects of even the more pessimistic future OA scenarios but underlines the importance of transgenerational experiments. The results also indicate that in a more acidic ocean, increased energy expenditure through rising respiration could lower the energy transfer to higher trophic levels and thus hamper the productivity of the northern Atlantic ecosystem.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology , 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
authors.forename: Sindre A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Pedersen
authors.forename: Ole Jacob
authors.initials: OJ
authors.lastname: Håkedal
authors.forename: Iurgi
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Salaberria
authors.forename: Alice
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tagliati
authors.forename: Liv Marie
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Gustavson
authors.forename: Bjørn Munro
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Jenssen
authors.forename: Anders J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Olsen
authors.forename: Dag
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Altin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D033342:Copepoda / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D004435:Eating; D017753:Ecosystem; D020387:Food Chain; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D009792:Oceans and Seas; D010839:Phytoplankton / Q000378:metabolism; D012623:Seawater / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide