title: Cessation of clinical disease and spirochete shedding after tiamulin treatment in pigs experimentally infected with "Brachyspira hampsonii".
abstract: With the emergence of "Brachyspira hampsonii" associated with swine dysentery in North America, identification of effective treatments and interventions is a pressing need. Denagard® (tiamulin hydrogen fumarate) Liquid Concentrate 12.5% is approved in the United States for treatment of dysentery caused by Brachyspira hyodysenteriae at 0.006% in the water. In this study, the effectiveness of tiamulin in resolving clinical disease, eliminating viable spirochete shedding, and reducing neutrophilic colitis following infection with either "B. hampsonii" or B. hyodysenteriae was evaluated. Seventy-eight 7-week-old crossbred pigs were divided into three groups [sham-inoculated (n = 18), "B. hampsonii"-inoculated (n = 30), and B. hyodysenteriae-inoculated (n = 30)]. Each inoculum group was divided into three subgroups which received either 0.006% tiamulin, 0.018% tiamulin, or no medication. Both levels of tiamulin resolved clinical disease within 24 h of treatment initiation, eliminated spirochete shedding within 72 h of treatment initiation, and resolved and/or prevented histologic lesions in pigs infected with either Brachyspira spp.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Wilberts
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Arruda
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Warneke
authors.affiliation: Novartis Animal Health, Greensboro, NC, USA.
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Erlandson
authors.affiliation: Novartis Animal Health, Greensboro, NC, USA.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Hammer
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA. Electronic address: burrough@iastate.edu.
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Burrough
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017400:Brachyspira / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D017401:Brachyspira hyodysenteriae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D003092:Colitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004403:Dysentery / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D013144:Spirochaetales / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D034421:Sus scrofa; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004224:Diterpenes; C014224:tiamulin
keywords: Brachyspira; Brachyspira hyodysenteriae; Swine dysentery; Tiamulin; “Brachyspira hampsonii”