title: HIV prevention for adults with criminal justice involvement: a systematic review of HIV risk-reduction interventions in incarceration and community settings.
abstract: We summarized and appraised evidence regarding HIV prevention interventions for adults with criminal justice involvement. We included randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials that evaluated an HIV prevention intervention, enrolled participants with histories of criminal justice involvement, and reported biological or behavioral outcomes. We used Cochrane methods to screen 32,271 citations from 16 databases and gray literature. We included 37 trials enrolling n = 12,629 participants. Interventions were 27 psychosocial, 7 opioid substitution therapy, and 3 HIV-testing programs. Eleven programs significantly reduced sexual risk taking, 4 reduced injection drug risks, and 4 increased testing. Numerous interventions may reduce HIV-related risks among adults with criminal justice involvement. Future research should consider process evaluations, programs involving partners or families, and interventions integrating biomedical, psychosocial, and structural approaches.
authors.affiliation: At the time of the study, Kristen Underhill was with Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Community Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, and Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS and Yale Law School, Yale University, New Haven, CT. Dora Dumont was with The Center for Prisoner Health and Human Rights, Miriam Hospital, Providence, and Rhode Island Department of Health, Providence. Don Operario is with Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, School of Public Health, Brown University.
authors.forename: Kristen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Underhill
authors.forename: Dora
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dumont
authors.forename: Don
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Operario
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003416:Criminal Law; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D011329:Prisoners / Q000523:psychology; D011330:Prisons / Q000458:organization & administration*; D047568:Unsafe Sex / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology