title: The effects of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes: protocol for a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomised trials.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) increase urinary glucose excretion through a reduced renal glucose reabsorption. We plan to perform a systematic review of SGLT-2i for treatment of type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  A systematic review with meta-analyses of randomised clinical trials on SGLT-2i versus placebo, other oral glucose lowering drugs or insulin for patients with type 2 diabetes will be performed. The primary end point will be the glycated haemoglobin. Secondary end points will include changes in body weight, body mass index, fasting plasma glucose, plasma cholesterol, kidney and liver blood tests, blood pressure and adverse events. Electronic (the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Science Citation Index) and manual searches will be performed. Meta-analyses will be performed and the results presented as mean differences for continuous outcomes and risk differences for dichotomous outcomes, both with 95% CIs. Subgroup, sensitivity, regression and sequential analyses will be performed to evaluate intertrial heterogeneity, bias and the robustness of results due to cumulative testing.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The study will contribute to the knowledge regarding the beneficial and harmful effects of SGLT-2i in patients with type 2 diabetes. We plan to publish the study irrespective of the results.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study will be disseminated by peer-review publication and conference presentation.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  PROSPERO CRD42014008960
authors.forename: Heidi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Storgaard
authors.forename: Lise Lotte
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Gluud
authors.forename: Mikkel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.forename: Filip Krag
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: Knop
authors.forename: Tina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vilsbøll
mesh_terms: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D000068896:Canagliflozin; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005960:Glucosides / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D065667:Renal Elimination / Q000187:drug effects; D000077203:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors; D000078202:Systematic Reviews as Topic; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015201:Meta-Analysis as Topic
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D001786:Blood Glucose; D000068896:Canagliflozin; D005960:Glucosides; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D000077203:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors; D013876:Thiophenes; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human; C570240:empagliflozin