title: A study of carotid endarterectomy in a Chinese population: initial experience at a single center.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This retrospective study aimed to evaluate our initial experience with carotid endarterectomy in a Chinese population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four hundred and thirty-three patients who underwent carotid endarterectomies at Xuan Wu Hospital Capital Medical University between January 1, 2001, and December 31, 2012, were reviewed. The postoperative 30-day complications were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the factors associated with perioperative stroke and death.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall 30-day complication rates after surgery were 4.08% for death and stroke, 3.63% for cranial nerve injuries, and 3.63% for heart complications. The mean follow-up time was 32.99 months, and only 11 cases required restenosis, including two that were symptomatic (experiencing transient ischemic attacks). In the univariate analysis, a history of cerebral infarction was present preoperatively in 179 patients, of whom 12 (6.70%) had a postoperative stroke or died (P=0.021). Thirty-two patients had a modified Ranking score (mRS)≥ 3, and six (18.75%) of these patients had a postoperative stroke or died (P<0.001). In the multivariate logistic regression, female gender (OR: 4.669; 95% CI: 1.238-17.602; P=0.023), current smoking habits (OR: 3.826; 95% CI: 1.298-11.277; P=0.015), and an mRS ≥ 3 (OR: 1.540; 95% CI: 3.844-40.909; P<0.001) were independent risk factors for perioperative stroke and death.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our single-center study, carotid endarterectomies appeared to effectively prevent and treat the carotid artery stenosis that leads to stroke. Female gender, current smoking habits, and neurological deficits (mRS ≥ 3) increased the perioperative stroke and death rates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Xuan Wu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 10053, China.
authors.forename: Yanfei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Xuan Wu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 10053, China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Xuan Wu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 10053, China. Electronic address: jiaoliqun@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Liqun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Xuan Wu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 10053, China.
authors.forename: Yabing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Xuan Wu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 10053, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Xuan Wu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 10053, China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ling
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery*; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D016894:Endarterectomy, Carotid / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Carotid endarterectomy; Carotid stenosis; Chinese population