title: Vagal afferent control of abdominal expiratory activity in response to hypoxia and hypercapnia in rats.
abstract: In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that vagal afferent information modulates the pattern of expiratory response to hypercapnia and hypoxia. Simultaneous recordings of airflow, diaphragmatic (DIA) and oblique abdominal muscle (ABD) activities were performed in anesthetized (urethane, 1.2g/kg), tracheostomized, spontaneously breathing male Wistar rats (290-320g, n=12). The animals were exposed to hypercapnia (7 and 10% CO2 for 5min) and hypoxia (7% O2 for 1min) before and after bilateral vagotomy. We verified that the percentage increase in DIA burst amplitude elicited by hypercapnia and hypoxia episodes was similar between intact and vagotomized rats (P>0.05). In contrast, hypercapnia and hypoxia promoted a marked increase in ABD activity in vagotomized, but not in intact rats (P<0.01). These amplified expiratory motor changes after vagotomy were associated with enhanced expiratory airflow (P<0.01) and augmented tidal volume responses (P<0.01). Our data indicates that, in anesthetized conditions, the removal of peripheral afferent inputs facilitates the processing of active expiration in response to hypercapnia and hypoxia in rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eduardo V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Lemes
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry of Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: zoccal@foar.unesp.br.
authors.forename: Daniel B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Zoccal
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000502:physiology; D000009:Abdominal Muscles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006935:Hypercapnia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D010100:Oxygen / Q000494:pharmacology; D012123:Pulmonary Ventilation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013990:Tidal Volume / Q000187:drug effects; D014628:Vagotomy; D014630:Vagus Nerve / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Active expiration; Electromyography; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Pulmonary stretch receptors; Vagotomy