title: The effect of tracheal occlusion on respiratory load compensation: changes in neurons containing inhibitory neurotransmitter in the nucleus of the solitary tract in conscious rats.
abstract: Respiratory load compensation volume-time (Vt-T) relationships have been extensively studied in anesthetized animals. There are only a few studies in conscious animals although consciousness and behavior play a critical role in modulation of breathing. The aims of the study were to determine the effect of intermittent and transient tracheal occlusions (ITTO) elicited load compensation responses and the changes in activation of inhibitory glycinergic neurons in the nucleus of solitary tract (NTS) in conscious rats. The results showed that ITTO elicited an increase in expiratory time (T(e)) but did not affect inspiratory time (T(i)) and diaphragm activity (EMG(dia)). An increase in total breathing time (Ttot) was due exclusively to the increase in T(e). In addition, glycinergic neurons were activated in the intermediate NTS (iNTS) but not in the caudal NTS (cNTS). These results suggest that the activated glycinergic neurons in the iNTS may be important for the neurogenesis of load compensation responses in conscious animals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States.
authors.forename: Hsiu-Wen
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States.
authors.forename: Jillian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Condrey
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States.
authors.forename: Sherry
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States. Electronic address: davenportp@ufl.edu.
authors.forename: Paul W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Davenport
mesh_terms: D000402:Airway Obstruction / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000818:Animals; D003243:Consciousness; D003964:Diaphragm / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004576:Electromyography; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D005998:Glycine / Q000378:metabolism; D050487:Glycine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009433:Neural Inhibition / Q000502:physiology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012119:Respiration; D017552:Solitary Nucleus / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014132:Trachea / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D050487:Glycine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; C493269:Slc6a5 protein, rat; D005998:Glycine
keywords: Glycinergic neuron; Inhibitor neurotransmitter; Load compensation; NTS; Treacheal occlusion