title: Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in the epithelial linings of odontogenic keratocyst, dentigerous cyst and radicular cyst: a pathological insight.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The present study is aimed at analyzing the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the epithelial lining of odontogenic keratocyst (OKC), dentigerous cyst (DC), radicular cyst (RC) in order to understand the possible role of iNOS with special reference to its neoplastic nature and local aggressive of cysts.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The primary aim of the following study is to analyze the immunohistochemical expression of iNOS and secondary aim is to compare the iNOS expression, pattern and intensity of staining among the epithelial linings of OKC, DC and RC.
  
  
  METHODS
  iNOS in the epithelial lining cells were analyzing in 10 OKC's, 10 DC's and 10 RC's using immunohistochemistry. The percentage of positive cells was assessed and presented as mean ± standard deviation. The correlation with respect to the intensity and percentage of staining within the epithelial linings of OKCs, DCs and RCs was carried out using (analysis of variance and Student's t-test) Chi-square test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Staining intensity of iNOS portion was seen in the entire thickness of the epithelial linings of OKC, whereas in DC's only one case had entire thickness of the epithelial lining staining and in RC's none of the cases showed entire thickness of staining. On comparing the staining intensity of iNOS between OKC, DC and RC groups, using Chi-square test, there was a statistically significant difference between these groups (P < 0.01). On analyzing the immuno-reactivity of iNOS in OKC, DC and RC there was a positive variable expression iNOS between the cysts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  iNOS was over expressed in OKCs when compared with DC and RC suggesting that iNOS may contribute to the aggressive behavior of OKC. This is yet another evidence to support that OKC is the neoplasm.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Swetha
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Ksv
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ramesh
authors.affiliation: Rajah Muthaiah Dental College and Hospital, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Madhavan
authors.affiliation: Rajah Muthaiah Dental College and Hospital, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Veeravarmal
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine, C. K. S. Dental College, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Ass
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sameera
keywords: Dentigerous cyst; Immunohistochemistry; Inducible nitric oxide synthase; Odontogenic keratocyst; Radicular cyst