title: Evaluation of antimicrobial and antitumoral activity of Garcinia mangostana L. (mangosteen) grown in Southeast Brazil.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize the anatomy of the fruit and leaf and the presence of phytocompounds. To evaluate the antitumor and antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of Garcinia mangostana L. (mangosteen) cultivated in southeastern Brazil.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anatomical characterization and histochemical reactions were performed for structural identification and the presence of phytocompounds. Preparation of ethanolic extract of the fruit, leaf and resin of mangosteen. Culture B16-F10 melanoma cells for treatment with mangosteen ethanolic extract to determine cell viability by MTT and genotoxic effect by comet assay. Evaluation by antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by agar diffusion test and by determination of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our results showed many secretory canals in resin fruit and leaf; identifying lipids, starch, lignin and phenolic compounds. The leaf extract induced genotoxicity and apoptosis in B16-F10 cells, since the fragmentation of DNA in the comet assay. The ethanolic extract of mangosteen obtained in the resin, leaf and fruit showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli with a MIC at 0.1 mg/mL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, we have demonstrated both antimicrobial and antitumor activity of ethanol extract of mangosteen emphasizing its therapeutic potential in infectious diseases and in cancer, such as melanoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, BA.
authors.forename: Bruna Lais Almeida
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, BA.
authors.forename: Jerônimo Pereira de
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: França
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, BA.
authors.forename: Andrea Aparecida de Fátima Souza
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Moraes
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, BA.
authors.forename: Alba Lucilvânia Fonseca
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Chaves
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, BA.
authors.forename: Silvana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gaiba
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, BA.
authors.forename: Renato
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fontana
authors.affiliation: Departament of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, BA.
authors.forename: Celio Kersul do
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Sacramento
authors.affiliation: UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lydia Masako
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, BA.
authors.forename: Lucimar Pereira de
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: França
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001938:Brazil; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D020552:Comet Assay; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D029762:Garcinia mangostana / Q000737:chemistry*; D008545:Melanoma / Q000188:drug therapy; D051379:Mice; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D010936:Plant Extracts