title: Renal replacement therapy in the ICU: comparison of clinical features and outcomes of patients with acute kidney injury and dialysis-dependent end-stage renal disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The goal of this study is to study clinical features and outcomes of the patients who had renal replacement therapy (RRT) in the intensive care unit (ICU) between 2000 and 2007.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively studied 222 patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall ICU mortality and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) rates were 58.1 and 61.3 %. The mean APACHE II score was 27.6 ± 8.3. Chronic dialysis (CD) patients formed 45.5 % of the study population. Acute kidney injury (AKI) patients had higher rates of IMV (73 vs. 51.5 %, p = 0.002), cancer (27.8 vs. 7.9 %, p ≤ 0.001) and mortality (67.8 vs. 50.5 %, p = 0.010) than CD patients. AKI patients with normal kidney function (NKF) before ICU admission had poorer prognosis than acute-on-chronic kidney disease (CKD) and CD patients (78.6, 51 and 50.5 %, respectively, p ≤ 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that IMV (OR, 14.8; 95 % CI, 5.47-40.05; p ≤ 0.001) and having NKF before hospitalization (OR, 2.8; 95 % CI, 1.04-7.37; p = 0.041) were predictors of overall ICU mortality. Additionally, IMV is found as a prognostic factor for both AKI (OR, 18.7; 95 % CI, 4.48-77.72; p ≤ 0.001) and CD patients (OR, 8.14; 95 % CI, 2.01-33.04; p = 0.003), but APACHE II score is meaningful only for CD patients (OR, 1.13; 95 % CI, 1.02-1.26; p = 0.024). The areas under the ROC curves for APACHE II score were 0.52 (95 % CI, 0.39-0.66) for AKI and 0.78 (95 % CI, 0.55-0.89) for CD patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The observed ICU mortality among patients requiring RRT is high and IMV is associated with mortality. AKI patients have increased mortality compared to CD patients. AKI patients with past NKF have poorer prognosis than acute-on-CKD and CD patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Critical Care Unit, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey, turkayakbas@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Türkay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akbaş
authors.forename: Sait
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Karakurt
authors.forename: Serhan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tuğlular
mesh_terms: D018806:APACHE; D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D000368:Aged; D003422:Critical Care; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017582:Renal Replacement Therapy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology