title: Need for specific sugar-sweetened beverage lessons for fourth- and fifth-graders.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) is linked to obesity. The authors hypothesized that school-based nutrition education would decrease SSB consumption.
  
  
  METHODS
  Self-selected interventional cohort with random selection for pre and post measurements.
  
  
  METHODS
  Arizona Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program-Education Program-eligible schools.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomly selected (9%) fourth- and fifth-grade classroom students.
  
  
  METHODS
  The University of Arizona Nutrition Network provided general nutrition education training and materials to teachers, to be delivered to their students. The University of Arizona Nutrition Network administered behavioral questionnaires to students in both fall and spring.
  
  
  METHODS
  Change in SSB consumption.
  
  
  METHODS
  Descriptive statistics were computed for student demographics and beverage consumption on the day before testing. Paired t tests evaluated change in classroom averages. Linear regression assessed potential correlates of SSB consumption.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fall mean SSB consumption was 1.1 (± 0.2) times; mean milk and water intake were 1.6 (± 0.2) and 5.2 (± 0.7) times, respectively. Beverage consumption increased (3.2%) in springtime, with increased SSBs (14.4%) accounting for the majority (P = .006). Change in SSB consumption was negatively associated with baseline SSB and water consumption but positively associated with baseline milk fat (P ≤ .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest the need for beverage-specific education to encourage children to consume more healthful beverages in warmer weather.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ. Electronic address: jbea@uacc.arizona.edu.
authors.forename: Jennifer W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Bea
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ.
authors.forename: Laurel
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.affiliation: University of Arizona Cooperative Extension, Navajo County, Holbrook, AZ.
authors.forename: Juanita
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Waits
authors.affiliation: University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ.
authors.forename: Vern
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hartz
authors.affiliation: Bureau of Nutrition and Physical Activity, Arizona Department of Health Services, Phoenix, AZ.
authors.forename: Stephanie H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ.
authors.forename: Rebecca D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Standfast
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ.
authors.forename: Vanessa A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Farrell
authors.affiliation: University of Arizona Cooperative Extension, Apache County, St. Johns, AZ.
authors.forename: Margine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bawden
authors.affiliation: University of Arizona Cooperative Extension, Cochise County, Sierra Vista, AZ.
authors.forename: Evelyn
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Whitmer
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ.
authors.forename: Scottie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Misner
mesh_terms: D001130:Arizona; D001628:Beverages / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior; D053198:Child Nutrition Sciences / Q000193:education*; D002664:Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D063105:Food Assistance; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018673:Nutrition Policy; D064427:Nutritive Sweeteners / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012574:Schools; D012621:Seasons
chemical_list: D064427:Nutritive Sweeteners
keywords: Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP-Ed); adolescent; nutrition education; school; sugar-sweetened beverage