title: Analysis of the groundwater monitoring controversy at the Pavillion, Wyoming natural gas field.
abstract: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was contacted by citizens of Pavillion, Wyoming 6 years ago regarding taste and odor in their water wells in an area where hydraulic fracturing operations were occurring. EPA conducted a field investigation, including drilling two deep monitor wells, and concluded in a draft report that constituents associated with hydraulic fracturing had impacted the drinking water aquifer. Following extensive media coverage, pressure from state and other federal agencies, and extensive technical criticism from industry, EPA stated the draft report would not undergo peer review, that it would not rely on the conclusions, and that it had relinquished its lead role in the investigation to the State of Wyoming for further investigation without resolving the source of the taste and odor problem. Review of the events leading up to EPA's decision suggests that much of the criticism could have been avoided through improved preproject planning with clear objectives. Such planning would have identified the high national significance and potential implications of the proposed work. Expanded stakeholder involvement and technical input could have eliminated some of the difficulties that plagued the investigation. However, collecting baseline groundwater quality data prior to initiating hydraulic fracturing likely would have been an effective way to evaluate potential impacts. The Pavillion groundwater investigation provides an excellent opportunity for improving field methods, report transparency, clarity of communication, and the peer review process in future investigations of the impacts of hydraulic fracturing on groundwater.
authors.affiliation: Daniel B. Stephens & Associates, Inc., 6020 Academy Road NE Suite 100, Albuquerque, NM 87109-3315. dan.stephens@dbstephens.com.
authors.forename: Daniel B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Stephens
mesh_terms: D060766:Drinking Water / Q000032:analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D019652:Extraction and Processing Industry; D060587:Groundwater / Q000032:analysis*; D059206:Natural Gas; D061329:Oil and Gas Fields; D012107:Research Design; D014481:United States; D014484:United States Environmental Protection Agency / Q000458:organization & administration; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D014881:Water Supply / Q000032:analysis; D014959:Wyoming
chemical_list: D060766:Drinking Water; D059206:Natural Gas; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical