title: Variability of the dendritic cell response triggered by different serotypes of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans or Porphyromonas gingivalis is toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) or TLR4 dependent.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Different serotypes of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis have been shown to induce differential dendritic cell (DC) responses. This study investigates whether cytokine and CC-chemokine receptor (CCR) production by DCs stimulated with different serotypes of A. actinomycetemcomitans or P. gingivalis is Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and/or TLR4 dependent.
  
  
  METHODS
  DCs were obtained from healthy individuals and primed at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 10(2) with different A. actinomycetemcomitans or P. gingivalis serotypes in the presence or absence of anti-TLR2 or anti-TLR4 blocking antibodies. TLR2 and TLR4 expression, CCR5 and CCR6 expression, and interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-10, IL-12, and IL-23 expression and secretion were quantified by flow cytometry, real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When DCs were stimulated with serotype b of A. actinomycetemcomitans or serotype K1 of P. gingivalis, higher levels of TLR2 or TLR4, respectively, were detected compared to DCs stimulated with the other serotypes. Similarly, higher levels of cytokines and CCRs were detected in serotype b- or serotype K1-primed DCs compared to the others, and these increased levels positively correlated with levels of TLR2 or TLR4. When TLR2 signaling was blocked using a specific anti-TLR2 monoclonal antibody, serotype b-induced cytokine and CCR expression was inhibited; when TLR4 signaling was blocked, serotype K1-induced response was inhibited.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results demonstrate that the variability of secretion of cytokines and expression of CCRs detected in DCs stimulated with different serotypes of A. actinomycetemcomitans or P. gingivalis is TLR2 or TLR4 dependent, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental School, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Díaz-Zúñiga
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Monasterio
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alvarez
authors.forename: Samanta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Melgar-Rodríguez
authors.forename: Alvaro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Benítez
authors.forename: Pía
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ciuchi
authors.forename: Matías
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: García
authors.forename: Jocelyn
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arias
authors.forename: Mariano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sanz
authors.forename: Rolando
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vernal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016976:Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology*; D058491:Bacterial Load; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000032:analysis; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000032:analysis; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000032:analysis; D053759:Interleukin-23 / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D009000:Monocytes / Q000502:physiology; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology*; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000032:analysis; D054399:Receptors, CCR6 / Q000032:analysis; D065288:Serogroup; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2 / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology*; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C584933:CCR5 protein, human; C106311:CCR6 protein, human; C508609:IL10 protein, human; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D053759:Interleukin-23; D019713:Receptors, CCR5; D054399:Receptors, CCR6; C495342:TLR2 protein, human; C495345:TLR4 protein, human; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D016753:Interleukin-10; D018664:Interleukin-12
keywords: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Toll-like receptors; dendritic cells; interleukins; receptors, ccr