title: Trace mineral feeding and assessment.
abstract: This article gives practitioners an overview of trace mineral requirements, supplementation, and assessment in dairy herds. In addition, a step-by-step guideline for liver biopsy in cows is provided with interpretive results from a sample herd.
authors.affiliation: Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, 205 Duckpond Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0442, USA. Electronic address: cvmwss@vt.edu.
authors.forename: William S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Swecker
mesh_terms: D000822:Animal Husbandry / Q000379:methods*; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology*; D003612:Dairying / Q000379:methods*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D008903:Minerals / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D008903:Minerals; D014131:Trace Elements
keywords: Dairy nutrition; Liver biopsy; Nutrient requirements; Trace minerals or elements