title: Isolation and characterization of the human immature osteoblast culture system from the alveolar bones of aged donors for bone regeneration therapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Establishment of human osteoblast cultures that retain bone-forming capacity is one of the prerequisites for successful bone regeneration therapy. Because osteoblasts harvested from adults exhibit limited growth, the use of immature osteoblasts that can expand ex vivo should greatly facilitate bone regeneration therapy. In this study, we developed immature human osteoblasts isolated from aged alveolar bone (HAOBs).
  
  
  METHODS
  HAOBs obtained after the collagenase digestion of alveolar bones from elderly donors. Then, we assessed osteogenic ability of HAOB after treatment with recombinant human bone morphogenic protein-2 or transplantation into immunodeficient mice. In addition, we performed global gene expression analysis to identify functional marker for HAOB.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HAOBs, which can differentiate into osteoblasts and have a robust bone-forming ability, were successfully extracted from donors who were > 60 years of age. We found that the HAOBs exhibited a higher osteogenic ability compared with those of human mesenchymal stem cells and highly expressed NEBULETTE (NEBL) with osteogenic abilities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HAOBs have properties similar to those of human immature osteoblasts and appear to be a novel material for cell-based bone regeneration therapy. Additionally, the expression level of NEBL may serve as a marker for the osteogenic ability of these cells.
authors.affiliation: Aichi-gakuin University, School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology , Nagoya, Aichi , Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aino
authors.forename: Eisaku
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nishida
authors.forename: Yoshiyasu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujieda
authors.forename: Ai
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Orimoto
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mitani
authors.forename: Toshihide
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Noguchi
authors.forename: Hatsune
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Makino
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Umezawa
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoneda
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saito
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000166:cytology*; D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002469:Cell Separation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D048091:Guided Tissue Regeneration / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D016513:Mice, SCID; D008875:Middle Aged; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D014019:Tissue Donors
keywords: NEBULETTE; aging; bone morphogenic protein; bone regeneration; human immature osteoblast