title: Effect of body condition on tissue distribution of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus).
abstract: Arctic animals undergo large seasonal fluctuations in body weight. The effect of body condition on the distribution and composition of 16 perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) was investigated in liver, blood, kidney, adipose tissue, and muscle of Arctic foxes (Vulpes lagopus) from Svalbard (n = 18, age 1-3 years). PFAS concentrations were generally highest in liver, followed by blood and kidney, while lowest concentrations were found in adipose tissue and muscle. Concentrations of summed perfluorocarboxylic acids and perfluoroalkyl sulfonates were five and seven times higher, respectively, in adipose tissue of lean compared to fat foxes. In addition, perfluorodecanoate (PFDA) and perfluoroheptanesulfonate (PFHpS) concentrations in liver, kidney, and blood, and, perfluorononanoate (PFNA) in liver and blood, were twice as high in the lean compared to the fat foxes. The ratio between perfluorooctane sulfonamide (FOSA) and its metabolite perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) was lowest in liver, muscle, and kidney, while significantly higher proportions of FOSA were found in adipose tissue and blood. The results of the present study suggest that toxic potential of exposure to PFAS among other pollutants in Arctic mammals may increase during seasonal emaciation. The results also suggest that body condition should be taken into account when assessing temporal trends of PFASs.
authors.affiliation: Norwegian Polar Institute , Fram Centre, 9296 Tromsø, Norway.
authors.forename: Camilla Bakken
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Aas
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fuglei
authors.forename: Dorte
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Herzke
authors.forename: Nigel G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Yoccoz
authors.forename: Heli
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Routti
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects; D017738:Alkanesulfonic Acids / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000818:Animals; D001110:Arctic Regions; D001823:Body Composition; D002247:Carbon Isotopes / Q000032:analysis; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005589:Foxes; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects; D009132:Muscles / Q000187:drug effects; D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes / Q000032:analysis; D013538:Svalbard; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D017738:Alkanesulfonic Acids; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D005466:Fluorocarbons; D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes; C073608:perfluorooctane; C018959:hexadecafluoro-nonanoic acid; C076994:perfluorooctane sulfonic acid