title: Applications of wireless sensor networks in marine environment monitoring: a survey.
abstract: With the rapid development of society and the economy, an increasing number of human activities have gradually destroyed the marine environment. Marine environment monitoring is a vital problem and has increasingly attracted a great deal of research and development attention. During the past decade, various marine environment monitoring systems have been developed. The traditional marine environment monitoring system using an oceanographic research vessel is expensive and time-consuming and has a low resolution both in time and space. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have recently been considered as potentially promising alternatives for monitoring marine environments since they have a number of advantages such as unmanned operation, easy deployment, real-time monitoring, and relatively low cost. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art technologies in the field of marine environment monitoring using wireless sensor networks. It first describes application areas, a common architecture of WSN-based oceanographic monitoring systems, a general architecture of an oceanographic sensor node, sensing parameters and sensors, and wireless communication technologies. Then, it presents a detailed review of some related projects, systems, techniques, approaches and algorithms. It also discusses challenges and opportunities in the research, development, and deployment of wireless sensor networks for marine environment monitoring.
authors.affiliation: Lab of Ocean Remote Sensing & Information Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China. xuguobao@126.com.
authors.forename: Guobao
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada. wshen@uwo.ca.
authors.forename: Weiming
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada. xianbin.wang@uwo.ca.
authors.forename: Xianbin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D003195:Computer Communication Networks / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D008386:Marine Biology / Q000295:instrumentation*; D009792:Oceans and Seas; D058998:Remote Sensing Technology / Q000295:instrumentation*; D059015:Wireless Technology / Q000295:instrumentation*