title: Effect of Trolox addition to cryopreservation media on human sperm motility.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sperm parameters and motion kinetics are affected by cryopreservation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The main purpose of the current study was to determine the effect of different concentrations of Trolox as an antioxidant to freezing-thawing procedure on human sperm kinematic parameter.
  
  
  METHODS
  Semen was collected from 20 normal donors and divided into five aliquots prior to cryopreservation. The first aliquot was analyzed by computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA). Other aliquots were mixed with cryo-protective agent containing 0, 20, 40, and 80 µmol Trolox and treated samples were cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen. After two weeks samples were thawed and sperm motion kinematics was measured by CASA. Percent motility (Mot), curvilinear velocity (VCL), straight-line velocity (VSL), average path velocity (VAP), linearity (LIN), and amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH) were compared before and after freeze.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Addition of 40µmol Trolox resulted in significantly higher (p<0.05) post thaw VCL, VSL and VAP compared to other groups. Therefore the percentage of post thaw motile spermatozoa were significantly higher (p<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The supplementation of Trolox significantly improved the post-thawed human semen quality, especially progressive motility and average path velocity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Baqer
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Minaei
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barbarestani
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Saeid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nekoonam
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mir Abbas
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Abdolvahabi
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Nasrin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Takzare
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Hossein
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Asadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Azim
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hedayatpour
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Fardin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Amidi
keywords: CASA; Cryopreservation; Human spermatozoa; Motility characteristics; Trolox