title: Biomimetic approaches in bone tissue engineering: Integrating biological and physicomechanical strategies.
abstract: The development of responsive biomaterials capable of demonstrating modulated function in response to dynamic physiological and mechanical changes in vivo remains an important challenge in bone tissue engineering. To achieve long-term repair and good clinical outcomes, biologically responsive approaches that focus on repair and reconstitution of tissue structure and function through drug release, receptor recognition, environmental responsiveness and tuned biodegradability are required. Traditional orthopedic materials lack biomimicry, and mismatches in tissue morphology, or chemical and mechanical properties ultimately accelerate device failure. Multiple stimuli have been proposed as principal contributors or mediators of cell activity and bone tissue formation, including physical (substrate topography, stiffness, shear stress and electrical forces) and biochemical factors (growth factors, genes or proteins). However, optimal solutions to bone regeneration remain elusive. This review will focus on biological and physicomechanical considerations currently being explored in bone tissue engineering.
authors.affiliation: Network of Excellence for Functional Biomaterials (NFB), National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Marc A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Fernandez-Yague
authors.affiliation: Network of Excellence for Functional Biomaterials (NFB), National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Sunny Akogwu
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Abbah
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Informatics, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Laoise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: McNamara
authors.affiliation: Network of Excellence for Functional Biomaterials (NFB), National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Dimitrios I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Zeugolis
authors.affiliation: Network of Excellence for Functional Biomaterials (NFB), National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Abhay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pandit
authors.affiliation: Network of Excellence for Functional Biomaterials (NFB), National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland. Electronic address: manus.biggs@nuigalway.ie.
authors.forename: Manus J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Biggs
mesh_terms: D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D032701:Biomimetics / Q000379:methods*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Biomimetic scaffolds; Bone regeneration; Cell delivery; Drug delivery; Gene delivery; Growth factors; Osteoconductive; Osteoinductive