title: Protective effects of curcumin and vitamin E against chlorpyrifos-induced lung oxidative damage.
abstract: There are increasing concerns regarding the toxic effects of chlorpyrifos (CPF) on human health. Curcumin (CUR) is a yellow pigment isolated from turmeric ground rhizome of Curcuma longa Linn., which has been identified as an antioxidant agent. This study was designed to examine the protective effect of CUR and vitamin E (Vit E) on CPF-induced lung toxicity. Rats were divided into seven groups: control, CPF (13.5 mg/kg, orally), CPF + CUR (100 and 300 mg/kg, respectively, orally), CPF + α-tocopherol (Vit E, 150 mg/kg, intraperitoneally), CPF and CUR (100 and 300 mg/kg, respectively) in combination with α-tocopherol. The regimens were administered once daily for 28 days. At the end of the treatment period, lungs were collected for evaluation of oxidative factors and histopathological parameters. CUR and Vit E led to a decrease in lipid peroxidation in the lungs of the CPF-injected animals (48% and 51%, respectively). Glutathione peroxidase inhibited by CPF (91.9 nmol/min/mg protein) was induced again by CUR and Vit E (167.1 and 171.8 nmol/min/mg protein). CUR and Vit E caused a significant induction of superoxide dismutase (103.4 U/mg protein). Catalase activity almost returned to normalcy in CPF-intoxicated rats subjected to CUR + Vit E treatment (p < 0.001). Lung sections from CPF-treated rats displayed histopathological damages, while coadministration of CUR and Vit E resulted in apparently normal morphology with a significant decrease in injuries (p < 0.05). Our findings revealed that coadministration of Vit E and CUR to CPF-treated animals prevents the oxidative damages in the lung tissues.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hassani
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Sepand
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jafari
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jaafari
authors.affiliation: Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rezaee
authors.affiliation: Social Security Organization, Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zeinali
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tavakoli
authors.affiliation: Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran ka_razavi@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Razavi-Azarkhiavi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D004390:Chlorpyrifos / Q000633:toxicity*; D003474:Curcumin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D014810:Vitamin E; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D003474:Curcumin; D004390:Chlorpyrifos
keywords: Organophosphates; antioxidant enzymes; lung injury; oxidative stress; protective agents