title: Sedative, hematologic and hemostatic effects of dexmedetomidine-butorphanol alone or in combination with ketamine in cats.
abstract: Acute stress induced by physical restraint can interfere with the validity of laboratory findings. Sedation could minimize such stress. However, it is not known whether sedation can affect hematologic and hemostatic parameters in cats. The purpose of this study was to evaluate hematologic and hemostatic parameters in domestic cats subjected to physical restraint in addition to one of two sedation protocols. In total, 50 cats were subjected to physical restraint and were then randomly divided into two groups of 25 animals, receiving dexmedetomidine (5 µg/kg) and butorphanol (0.3 mg/kg; DB group) or dexmedetomidine (5 µg/kg), butorphanol (0.3 mg/kg) and ketamine (3 mg/kg; DBK group). The cats were assessed for acute stress, sedation level, onset of sedation and duration of sedation. Blood samples were collected after handling and after sedation. The complete blood count (CBC), platelet count, buccal mucosal bleeding time (BMBT), whole-blood clotting time, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and thrombin time (TT) were determined for each sample, before and after chemical restraint. No statistically significant differences were found in the hematologic parameters. Certain hemostatic parameters (PT, aPTT and TT) were higher in the DB group (P <0.05). The onset of sedation was similar in the two groups, and the duration of sedation was longer in the DBK group. Both sedation protocols were effective for short-duration chemical restraint for blood collection from the studied cats, and no clinically relevant effects on hematologic or hemostatic parameters were detected.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, Agroveterinary Sciences Center, Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), Av. Luiz de Camoes, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, 88520-000, Lages, SC, Brazil jully_volps@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Julieta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Volpato
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, Agroveterinary Sciences Center, Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), Av. Luiz de Camoes, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, 88520-000, Lages, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cláudio Roberto Scabelo
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Mattoso
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Suzane Lilian
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Beier
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, Agroveterinary Sciences Center, Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), Av. Luiz de Camoes, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, 88520-000, Lages, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mirelly Medeiros
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Coelho
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, Agroveterinary Sciences Center, Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), Av. Luiz de Camoes, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, 88520-000, Lages, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ronise
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tocheto
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, Agroveterinary Sciences Center, Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), Av. Luiz de Camoes, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, 88520-000, Lages, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cristine Elizabeth
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Kirsten
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, Agroveterinary Sciences Center, Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), Av. Luiz de Camoes, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, 88520-000, Lages, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Letícia Andreza
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Yonezawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, Agroveterinary Sciences Center, Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), Av. Luiz de Camoes, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, 88520-000, Lages, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mere Erika
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Saito
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002077:Butorphanol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000187:drug effects; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002415:Cats; D016292:Procedural Sedation / Q000662:veterinary*; D020927:Dexmedetomidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007649:Ketamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000187:drug effects; D011897:Random Allocation; D012119:Respiration / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D020927:Dexmedetomidine; D007649:Ketamine; D002077:Butorphanol