title: Alternative treatment in prostate pain syndrome based on Iranian traditional medicine.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Unknown etiology and pathophysiology of prostate pain syndrome (PPS) has led to a lack of proper and competent treatment in modern medicine. According to the guidelines of European Association of Urology (EAU), use of complementary treatments is recommended for PPS. In this preliminary study, analyzing the signs and symptoms of PPS from the viewpoint of Iranian traditional medicine (ITM) was helpful in selecting the appropriate alternative treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two male patients diagnosed with PPS were evaluated and treated according to the ITM. Each patient took 15 mL oxymel 45 minutes after lunch and dinner. For each patient, four clinical visits were made with one week intervals and the validated Farsi version of international prostate symptom score (IPSS) and numeric pain rating score (NPRS) were completed for them.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Considering the fact that other major pathological causes are ruled out, many of the symptoms and signs observed in these patients were similar to those associated with flatulency-related diseases in ITM. Selecting treatment with oxymel was based on this view and led to improvements in the digestive and urinary symptoms according to Farsi version of the IPSS and NPRS.
authors.affiliation: School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Seied Amirhossein
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Latifi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kamalinejad
authors.affiliation: School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran ; Department of Histology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Bagher
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Minaiee
authors.affiliation: School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bahrami
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Shahram
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gooran
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nikbakht Nasrabadi
keywords: Prostate; Syndrome; Traditional Medicine