title: Intensive low-glycaemic-load dietary intervention for the management of glycaemia and serum lipids among women with gestational diabetes: a randomized control trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study aimed to compare the effects of a general dietary intervention and an intervention with low glycaemic load (GL) on glycaemic control, blood lipid metabolism and pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were randomly assigned to two groups, receiving either an individualized general dietary intervention (Control group) or an intensive low-GL intervention (Low-GL group) every two weeks, from 24-26 weeks of gestation to delivery.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Center of Maternal Primary Care in Guangdong General Hospital, China.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-five women with gestational diabetes mellitus were enrolled from June 2008 to July 2009.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After the intervention, both groups significantly decreased their dietary intakes of energy, fat and carbohydrate. The Low-GL group had significantly lower values for GL (122 v. 136) and glycaemic index (50 v. 54) but greater dietary fibre intake (33 v. 29 g/d) than did the Control group (all P<0·01). Significantly greater decreases in fasting plasma glucose (-0·33 v. -0·02 mmol/l, P<0·01) and 2 h postprandial glucose (-2·98 v. -2·51 mmol/l, P<0·01), significantly lower increases in total cholesterol (0·12 v. 0·23 mmol/l) and TAG (0·41 v. 0·56 mmol/l) and a significantly lower decrease in HDL cholesterol (-0·01 v. -0·11 mmol/l) were also observed in the Low-GL group compared with the Control group (all P<0·05). There were no significant differences in body weight gain, birth weight or other maternal-fetal perinatal outcomes between the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The low-GL targeted dietary intervention outperformed the general dietary intervention in glycaemic control and the improvement of blood lipid levels in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.
authors.affiliation: 1Guangdong General Hospital,Guangdong Academy of Medical Science,Guangzhou,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wen-Jun
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: 1Guangdong General Hospital,Guangdong Academy of Medical Science,Guangzhou,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Hong
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: 2Faculty of Nutrition,School of Public Health,Sun Yat-sen University,74th Zhongshan II Road,Guangzhou 510080,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Bi-Xia
authors.initials: BX
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: 1Guangdong General Hospital,Guangdong Academy of Medical Science,Guangzhou,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ben-Hua
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: 1Guangdong General Hospital,Guangdong Academy of Medical Science,Guangzhou,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yan-Jun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: 1Guangdong General Hospital,Guangdong Academy of Medical Science,Guangzhou,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ben-Xi
authors.initials: BX
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: 1Guangdong General Hospital,Guangdong Academy of Medical Science,Guangzhou,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yuan-Hong
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: 2Faculty of Nutrition,School of Public Health,Sun Yat-sen University,74th Zhongshan II Road,Guangzhou 510080,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: 2Faculty of Nutrition,School of Public Health,Sun Yat-sen University,74th Zhongshan II Road,Guangzhou 510080,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hui-Lian
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001724:Birth Weight; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002681:China; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy*; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D038321:Glycemic Index; D000067940:Glycemic Load; D006801:Humans; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D014280:Triglycerides
keywords: Gestational diabetes mellitus