title: Degradation of direct yellow 9 by electro-Fenton: process study and optimization and, monitoring of treated water toxicity using catalase.
abstract: The present study was undertaken to investigate the degradation and removal of direct yellow 9 (DY9) by the electro-Fenton (EF) process in batch reactor using iron and stainless steel electrodes. DY9 removal decreased with the increase in pH (3 to 8) and increased with the increase in current intensity (0.05 to 0.2A) and [H2O2] (0 to 0.5gL(-1), but not with high doses which led to low rates of DY9 removal and OH(∙) uptake). The regression quadratic models describing DY9 degradation yield "R (percent)" and electrical energy consumption "EEC (kWhkg(-1))" were validated by the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and were both noted to fit well with the experimental data. The R(2) correlation coefficients (0.995, 0.978), those adjusted coefficients (0.986, 0.939), and F values (110.7, 24.9) obtained for the responses validated the efficiency of model. The results revealed that among several other parameters, EEC depended essentially on the degradation yield. The eco-toxicity tests showed a positive correlation between catalase activity and DY9 concentration, and catalase could be qualitatively identified to assess the effect of dye and its by-products generated during the EF process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, University of Saàd Dahlab at Blida, PO Box 270, 09000 Blida, Algeria; Laboratory of Natural Substances Chemistry and Biomolecules, University of Saàd Dahlab at Blida, PO Box 270, 09000 Blida, Algeria; National Centre for Research and Development of Fisheries and Aquaculture (CNRDPA) 11, Bd Amirouche PO Box 67, Bousmail (W. Tipaza), Algeria. Electronic address: hsidalo@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Sidali
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kourdali
authors.affiliation: Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, University of Saàd Dahlab at Blida, PO Box 270, 09000 Blida, Algeria; Laboratory of Natural Substances Chemistry and Biomolecules, University of Saàd Dahlab at Blida, PO Box 270, 09000 Blida, Algeria; National Centre for Research and Development of Fisheries and Aquaculture (CNRDPA) 11, Bd Amirouche PO Box 67, Bousmail (W. Tipaza), Algeria.
authors.forename: Abdelmalek
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Badis
authors.affiliation: Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, University of Saàd Dahlab at Blida, PO Box 270, 09000 Blida, Algeria.
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boucherit
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001391:Azo Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002374:Catalase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D004566:Electrodes; D005880:Gills / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry*; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D049878:Mytilus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000737:chemistry*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001391:Azo Compounds; D015415:Biomarkers; D004396:Coloring Agents; C045076:Fenton's reagent; D009281:Naphthalenes; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C502684:direct yellow; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D007501:Iron; D002374:Catalase
keywords: Biomarker; Catalase; DY9; Electro-Fenton; RSM