title: Short-term effects of airborne ragweed pollen on clinical symptoms of hay fever in a panel of 30 patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ragweed, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, is a highly allergenic annual herbaceous plant that is spreading quickly across the globe. Few studies have investigated the relationship between ragweed pollen counts and hay fever symptoms. We investigate the dose-response relationship between ragweed exposure in patients sensitized to ragweed and daily hay fever symptoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  A panel study was conducted among 31 adult patients sensitized to A artemisiifolia in France and Switzerland. Rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and bronchial symptoms were recorded daily, as well as daily pollen counts of ragweed, air pollutants, and meteorological data over 2 successive years. Data were analyzed with generalized estimating equation models to quantify effects of ragweed pollen whilst controlling for confounders.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The relationship between ragweed pollen and the percentage of patients with nasal, ocular, and bronchial symptoms was linear. For every increase of 10 grains/m3, the odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval) for nasal symptoms was, in 2009, 1.18 [1.04-1.35] on weekdays and 1.43 [1.16-1.75] at weekends, and in 2010, 1.04 [1.00-1.07] on weekdays and 1.25 [1.06-1.46] at weekends.The OR for ocular symptoms was 1.32 [1.16-1.56] in 2009 and 1.05 [1.02-1.07] in 2010. Finally, the OR for bronchial symptoms was 1.14 [1.03-1.25] in 2009 and 1.03 [0.97-1.08] in 2010.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a statistically significant linear relationship between ragweed pollen counts and hay fever symptoms. Our study shows that nasal symptoms differ on weekdays and at weekends.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Caillaud
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thibaudon
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ségala
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Besancenot
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Clot
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: François
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000276:immunology*; D052179:Antigens, Plant / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006633:Histamine Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000276:immunology*; D006255:Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D052179:Antigens, Plant; D006633:Histamine Antagonists; D010936:Plant Extracts; C433085:ragweed pollen