title: Cross-cultural validity of the Intuitive Eating Scale-2. Psychometric evaluation in a sample of the general French population.
abstract: Intuitive eating is an adaptive dietary behavior that emphasizes eating in response to physiological hunger and satiety cues. The Intuitive Eating Scale-2 (IES-2) measures such attitudes and behaviors. The aim of the present study was to adapt the IES-2 to the French context and to test its psychometric properties in 335 women and 297 men participating in the NutriNet-Santé study. We evaluated the construct validity of the IES-2 by testing hypotheses with regard to its factor structure, relationships with scores of the revised 21-item Three Factor Eating Questionnaire and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale, and differences between "a priori" relevant subgroups. First, the exploratory factor analysis revealed three main dimensions: Eating for Physical Rather than Emotional Reasons, Reliance on Hunger and Satiety Cues, and Unconditional Permission to Eat. Second-order confirmatory factor analysis upheld the 3-factor solution influenced by a broader intuitive eating dimension. IES-2 total score was negatively related to cognitive restraint (r = -0.31, P < 0.0001), emotional eating (r = -0.58, P < 0.0001), uncontrolled eating (r = -0.40, P < 0.0001), and depressive symptoms (r = -0.20, P < 0.0001). IES-2 subscales showed similar correlations. Women had lower scores than did men for the IES-2 total scale (3.3 in women vs. 3.5 in men, P < 0.0001), Eating for Physical Reasons, and Unconditional Permission to Eat subscales. Current or former dieters had lower scores on the IES-2 total scale and on all subscales than did those who had never dieted (all P < 0.01). Finally, results showed satisfactory reliability for the IES-2 total scores (internal consistency = 0.85 and test-retest reliability = 0.79 over a mean 8-week period) and for its subscales. Thus, the French IES-2 can be considered a useful instrument for assessing adult intuitive eating behaviors in empirical and epidemiological studies in the general population.
authors.affiliation: Université Paris 13, Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle, Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Statistiques, Inserm (U1153), Inra (U1125), Cnam, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-93017 Bobigny, France. Electronic address: g.camilleri@uren.smbh.univ-paris13.fr.
authors.forename: Géraldine M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Camilleri
authors.affiliation: Université Paris 13, Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle, Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Statistiques, Inserm (U1153), Inra (U1125), Cnam, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-93017 Bobigny, France.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Méjean
authors.affiliation: Université Paris 13, Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle, Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Statistiques, Inserm (U1153), Inra (U1125), Cnam, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-93017 Bobigny, France.
authors.forename: France
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bellisle
authors.affiliation: Université Paris 13, Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle, Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Statistiques, Inserm (U1153), Inra (U1125), Cnam, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-93017 Bobigny, France.
authors.forename: Valentina A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Andreeva
authors.affiliation: Université Paris 13, Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle, Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Statistiques, Inserm (U1153), Inra (U1125), Cnam, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-93017 Bobigny, France.
authors.forename: Valérie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sautron
authors.affiliation: Université Paris 13, Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle, Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Statistiques, Inserm (U1153), Inra (U1125), Cnam, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-93017 Bobigny, France; Unité de Surveillance et d'Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle, Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Université Paris 13 Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-93017 Bobigny, France; Département de Santé Publique, Hôpital Avicenne, F-93017 Bobigny Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Serge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hercberg
authors.affiliation: Université Paris 13, Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle, Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Statistiques, Inserm (U1153), Inra (U1125), Cnam, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-93017 Bobigny, France.
authors.forename: Sandrine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Péneau
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003071:Cognition; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003463:Cues; D003469:Culture; D003863:Depression; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D004435:Eating; D004644:Emotions; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D006801:Humans; D006815:Hunger; D019545:Intuition; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012527:Satiation; D012528:Satiety Response; D012927:Social Control, Informal; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Construct validity; Dietary behavior; Hunger; Intuitive eating; Psychometric properties; Satiety