title: Morbidity of loop ileostomy closure after restorative proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis and familial adenomatous polyposis: a systematic review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Temporary loop ileostomy is a routine procedure to reduce the morbidity of restorative proctocolectomy. However, morbidity of ileostomy closure could reduce the benefit of this concept. The objective of this systematic review was to assess the risks of ileostomy closure after restorative proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis or familial adenomatous polyposis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Publications in English or German language reporting morbidity of ileostomy closure after restorative proctocolectomy were identified by Medline search. Two hundred thirty-two publications were screened, 143 were assessed in full-text, and finally 26 studies (reporting 2146 ileostomy closures) fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Weighted means for overall morbidity and mortality of ileostomy closure, rate of redo operations, anastomotic dehiscence, bowel obstruction, wound infection, and late complications were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall morbidity of ileostomy closure was 16.5 %, there was no mortality. Redo operations for complications were necessary in 3.0 %. Anastomotic dehiscence occurred in 2.0 %. Postoperative bowel obstruction developed in 7.6 %, with 2.9 % of patients requiring laparotomy for this complication. Wound infection rate was 4.0 %. Hernia or bowel obstruction as late complications developed in 1.9 and 9.4 %, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The considerable morbidity of ileostomy reversal reduces the overall benefit of temporary fecal diversion. However, ileostomy creation is still recommended, as it effectively reduces the risk of pouch-related septic complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Geb. W1, 48149, Muenster, Germany, rudolf.mennigen@ukmuenster.de.
authors.forename: Rudolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mennigen
authors.forename: Wiebke
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sewald
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Senninger
authors.forename: Emile
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rijcken
mesh_terms: D011125:Adenomatous Polyposis Coli / Q000601:surgery*; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000601:surgery*; D014943:Global Health; D006801:Humans; D007081:Ileostomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009017:Morbidity / Q000639:trends; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016737:Proctocolectomy, Restorative; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012086:Reoperation