title: Association of dietary pattern and body weight with blood pressure in Jiangsu Province, China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To identify risk factors, associations between dietary patterns, body mass index (BMI), and hypertension in a Chinese population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dietary intake was assessed in 2518 adults by a 3-day 24 h recall and a food frequency questionnaire. Salt and oil intake was assessed by weighing records. Four dietary patterns were identified using principal component analysis. Overweight and obesity was determined according to the Chinese cut-offs for BMI. High blood pressure was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg. Prevalence ratios (PR) were calculated using Poisson regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the subjects, 26.7% had high blood pressure. Subjects with overweight and obesity were more likely to have high blood pressure than those with normal weight (PR, 95% CI: 1.60, 1.40-1.87; 2.45, 2.11-2.85, respectively). Subjects with a 'traditional' dietary pattern were more likely to have high blood pressure (P for trend = 0.001), whereas those with a 'macho' or 'sweet tooth' dietary pattern were less likely to have high blood pressure (P for trend = 0.004 and <0.001, respectively). More than half of the population had salt intakes > 9 g/d, and blood pressure increased with salt intake (P for trend <0.001). Subjects with a 'traditional' dietary pattern had the highest salt intake (12.3 g/d).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A traditional dietary pattern is associated with high blood pressure among the population of Jiangsu Province, which may be mainly due to high salt intake. Moreover, high BMI is an important determinant of high blood pressure. Both issues need to be addressed by lifestyle interventions.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, P,O, Box 8129, 6700 EV, Bomenweg 2, Bdg 307, 6703 HD, Wageningen, The Netherlands. alida.melse@wur.nl.
authors.forename: Alida
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Melse-Boonstra
authors.forename: Xiaoqun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Jinkou
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Baojun
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Minghao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Johanna M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Geleijnse
authors.forename: Frans J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Kok
authors.forename: Zumin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D001795:Blood Pressure Determination; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D050177:Overweight; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary