title: Detection of immunotoxic effects of estrogenic and androgenic endocrine disrupting compounds using splenic immune cells of the female three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus (L.).
abstract: Today, the list of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) in freshwater and marine environments that mimic or block endogenous hormones is expanding at an alarming rate. As immune and reproductive systems may interact in a bidirectional way, some authors proposed the immune capacities as attractive markers to evaluate the hormonal potential of environmental samples. Thus, the present work proposed to gain more knowledge on direct biological effects of natural and EDCs on female fish splenic leucocyte non-specific immune activities by using ex vivo assays. After determining the optimal required conditions to analyze splenic immune responses, seven different EDCs were tested ex vivo at 0.01, 1 and 100nM over 12h on the leucocyte functions of female three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus. In summary, we found that natural hormones acted as immunostimulants, whilst EDCs were immunosuppressive.
authors.affiliation: Université Reims Champagne-Ardenne, EA 4689 Unité Interactions Animal-Environnement, Moulin de la Housse, B.P. 1039, 51687 Reims, France; Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité d'écotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, B.P. 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France. Electronic address: Anne.Bado-Nilles@ineris.fr.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bado-Nilles
authors.affiliation: Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité d'écotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, B.P. 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Techer
authors.affiliation: Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité d'écotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, B.P. 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France. Electronic address: Jean-Marc.Porcher@ineris.fr.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Porcher
authors.affiliation: Université Reims Champagne-Ardenne, EA 4689 Unité Interactions Animal-Environnement, Moulin de la Housse, B.P. 1039, 51687 Reims, France. Electronic address: Alain.Geffard@univ-reims.fr.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Geffard
authors.affiliation: Institut de Radioprotection et de Sureté Nucléaire (IRSN), Laboratoire d'Ecotoxicologie des Radionucléides, Centre de Cadarache, Bât 186, B.P. 3, 13115 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France. Electronic address: beatrice.gagnaire@irsn.fr.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gagnaire
authors.affiliation: Université Reims Champagne-Ardenne, EA 4689 Unité Interactions Animal-Environnement, Moulin de la Housse, B.P. 1039, 51687 Reims, France. Electronic address: Stephane.Betoulle@univ-reims.fr.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Betoulle
authors.affiliation: Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité d'écotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, B.P. 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France. Electronic address: Wilfried.Sanchez@ineris.fr.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sanchez
mesh_terms: D000728:Androgens / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000633:toxicity; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000633:toxicity*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology; D004967:Estrogens / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D005260:Female; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000187:drug effects; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D008777:Methyltestosterone / Q000633:toxicity; D010636:Phenols / Q000633:toxicity; D023701:Smegmamorpha / Q000196:embryology / Q000276:immunology; D013154:Spleen / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D014204:Trenbolone Acetate / Q000633:toxicity; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D004958:Estradiol; D004967:Estrogens; D008777:Methyltestosterone; D010636:Phenols; D014204:Trenbolone Acetate; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C025256:nonylphenol; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
keywords: Apoptosis; Endocrine disruptors; Necrosis; Phagocytosis activity; Respiratory burst; Sex-steroid hormone