title: Urinary incontinence in women.
abstract: Urinary incontinence affects women of all ages. History, physical examination, and certain tests can guide specialists in diagnosing stress urinary incontinence, urgency urinary incontinence, and mixed urinary incontinence. First line management includes lifestyle and behavior modification, as well as pelvic floor strength and bladder training. Drug therapy is helpful in the treatment of urgency incontinence that does not respond to conservative measures. In addition, sacral neuromodulation, intravesical onabotulinumtoxinA injections, and posterior tibial nerve stimulation can be used in select patient populations with drug refractory urgency incontinence. Midurethral synthetic slings, including retropubic and transobturator approaches, are safe and efficacious surgical options for stress urinary incontinence and have replaced more invasive bladder neck slings that use autologous or cadaveric fascia. Despite controversy surrounding vaginal mesh for prolapse, synthetic slings for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence are considered safe and minimally invasive.
authors.affiliation: Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Lauren N
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.affiliation: Urologic Reconstruction, Urodynamics, and Female Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Los Angeles, CA 90211, USA jennifer.anger@cshs.org.
authors.forename: Jennifer T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Anger
mesh_terms: D065087:Acetylcholine Release Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008160:Lumbosacral Plexus; D017773:Pelvic Floor / Q000503:physiopathology; D010570:Pessaries; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D053825:Suburethral Slings; D013979:Tibial Nerve; D053201:Urinary Bladder, Overactive / Q000188:drug therapy; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D014563:Urodynamics
chemical_list: D065087:Acetylcholine Release Inhibitors; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A