title: Production of L-glutamic Acid with Corynebacterium glutamicum (NCIM 2168) and Pseudomonas reptilivora (NCIM 2598): A Study on Immobilization and Reusability.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  L-glutamic acid is one of the major amino acids that is present in a wide variety of foods. It is mainly used as a food additive and flavor enhancer in the form of sodium salt. Corynebacterium glutamicum (C. glutamicum) is one of the major organisms widely used for glutamic acid production.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was dealing with immobilization of C. glutamicum and mixed culture of C. glutamicum and Pseudomonas reptilivora (P. reptilivora) for L-glutamic acid production using submerged fermentation. 2, 3 and 5% sodium alginate concentrations were used for production and reusability of immobilized cells for 5 more trials.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results revealed that 2% sodium alginate concentration produced the highest yield (13.026±0.247 g/l by C. glutamicum and 16.026±0.475 g/l by mixed immobilized culture). Moreover, reusability of immobilized cells was evaluated in 2% concentration with 5 more trials. However, when the number of cycles increased, the production of L-glutamic acid decreased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Production of glutamic acid using optimized medium minimizes the time needed for designing the medium composition. It also minimizes external contamination. Glutamic acid production gradually decreased due to multiple uses of beads and consequently it reduces the shelf life.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, Virudhunagar, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Rajaram
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shyamkumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, Virudhunagar, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Innasi Muthu Ganesh
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Moorthy
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Karuppiah
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ponmurugan
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Kongu Engineering College, Perunduari, Erode, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Rajoo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Baskar
keywords: Corynebacterium; Glutamic acid; Immobilization