title: Induction of B7-H1 expression by human cytomegalovirus in extravillous cytotrophoblast cells and role of MAPK pathway.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This paper is aimed at to evaluate B7-H1 expression as induced by human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in extravillous cytotrophoblast cell line HPT-8 and possible underlying mechanism.
  
  
  METHODS
  Real time PCR and flow cytometry were used to determine B7-H1 mRNA and protein before and after HCMV infection in HPT-8 cells. Western blot analysis was used to determine the level of MAPK phosphorylation in HPT-8 cell lines infected with HCMV.
  
  
  RESULTS
  100TCID50 was found to be the most effective dose, capable of stimulating B7-H1 mRNA and protein expression in HPT-8 cells. When empty control group was considered to have a B7-H1 mRNA value of 1, B7-H1 mRNA was 4.32 in 100TCID50 group. In flow cytometry study, mean ﬂuorescence intensity (MFI) of 100TCID50 group was 16.14, while empty control group was 1.34. Both mRNA and protein expression were found to be significantly increased (P<0.05) in 100TCID50 group compared to empty control group. The result of Western blot analysis showed increase in B7-H1 expression caused by the extracellular signaling that was related to ERK activation and the ERK inhibitor U0126 was found to reverse this increase.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HCMV upregulates B7-H1 expression in human extravillous cytotrophoblast cell line HPT-8, which is related to MAPK activation. Our result would be helpful in finding better therapies against intrauterine HCMV infection.
authors.affiliation: Wenrong Gong, MD, Center for Molecular Medicine of Medical College/ Central Laboratory of the Affiliated Hospital, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiang Yang, Hubei, China 441053.
authors.forename: Wenrong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Jianhua Zhao, MD, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
authors.forename: Jianhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Zhen Chen, MD, Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Lin Lei, MD,Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiang Yang, Hubei, China 441021.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.affiliation: Lihua Luo, MD, Center for Molecular Medicine of Medical College/ Central Laboratory of the Affiliated Hospital, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiang Yang, Hubei, China 441053.
authors.forename: Lihua
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Xuehong Zhao, MD, Center for Molecular Medicine of Medical College/ Central Laboratory of the Affiliated Hospital, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiang Yang, Hubei, China 441053.
authors.forename: Xuehong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Hui Xing, MD, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiang Yang, Hubei, China 441021.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.affiliation: Suhua Chen, MD, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
authors.forename: Suhua
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Qisheng Tu, MD, Oral Biology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, 1 Kneeland Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
authors.forename: Qisheng
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Tu
keywords: B7-H1; Cytomegalovirus; Cytotrophoblast; MAPK