title: Dietary supplementation with soybean oligosaccharides increases short-chain fatty acids but decreases protein-derived catabolites in the intestinal luminal content of weaned Huanjiang mini-piglets.
abstract: The improvement of gut health and function with prebiotic supplements after weaning is an active area of research in pig nutrition. The present study was conducted to test the working hypothesis that medium-term dietary supplementation with soybean oligosaccharides (SBOS) can affect the gut ecosystem in terms of microbiota composition, luminal bacterial short-chain fatty acid and ammonia concentrations, and intestinal expression of genes related to intestinal immunity and barrier function. Ten Huanjiang mini-piglets, weaned at 21 days of age, were randomly assigned to 2 groups. Each group received a standard diet containing either dietary supplementation with 0.5% corn starch (control group) or 0.5% SBOS (experimental group). The results showed that dietary supplementation with SBOS increased the diversity of intestinal microflora and elevated (P < .05) the numbers of some presumably beneficial intestinal bacteria (e.g., Bifidobacterium sp, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Fusobacterium prausnitzii, and Roseburia). Soybean oligosaccharide supplementation also increased the concentration of short-chain fatty acid in the intestinal lumen, and it reduced (P < .05) the numbers of bacteria with pathogenic potential (e.g., Escherichia coli, Clostridium, and Streptococcus) and the concentration of several protein-derived catabolites (e.g., isobutyrate, isovalerate, and ammonia). In addition, SBOS supplementation increased (P < .05) expression of zonula occludens 1 messenger RNA, and it decreased (P < .05) expression of tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 1β, and interleukin 8 messenger RNA in the ileum and colon. These findings suggest that SBOS supplementation modifies the intestinal ecosystem in weaned Huanjiang mini-piglets and has potentially beneficial effects on the gut.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering Institute, Guiyang University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550005, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Li
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; Research Center of Mini-Pig, Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huanjiang, Guangxi 547100, China. Electronic address: nnkxf@isa.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Xiang-Feng
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China.
authors.forename: Guo-Qi
authors.initials: GQ
authors.lastname: Lian
authors.affiliation: INRA, CNRH-IdF, AgroParisTech, UMR 914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, Paris 75005, France.
authors.forename: Francois
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Blachier
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China.
authors.forename: Mei-Mei
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China. Electronic address: yinyulong@isa.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Yu-Long
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Yin
mesh_terms: D064751:Ammonium Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000254:growth & development; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D045782:Hemiterpenes; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology; D058610:Isobutyrates / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D064307:Microbiota / Q000187:drug effects; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010421:Pentanoic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D056692:Prebiotics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D013025:Glycine max / Q000737:chemistry*; D013552:Swine; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014886:Weaning; D062826:Zonula Occludens-1 Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D064751:Ammonium Compounds; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D045782:Hemiterpenes; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D016209:Interleukin-8; D058610:Isobutyrates; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D010421:Pentanoic Acids; D056692:Prebiotics; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D062826:Zonula Occludens-1 Protein; C008216:isovaleric acid; C020380:isobutyric acid
keywords: Cytokine; Huanjiang mini-piglet; Intestinal microbiota; Soybean oligosaccharide; Tight junction