title: Antidiabetic property of Aerva lanata (L.) Juss. ex Schult. is mediated by inhibition of alpha glucosidase, protein glycation and stimulation of adipogenesis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Diabetes is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality, with a number currently diagnosed as high as 371 million. Plant-based therapy could be an ideal choice because of fewer side-effects and wider acceptability. Hence, the antihyperglycemic potential of Aerva lanata, a herb prescribed for diabetes in Ayurveda was evaluated to elucidate its possible mechanism of action.
  
  
  METHODS
  High performance liquid chromatography analysis was used for the characterization of 70% ethanolic (aqueous leaf extract [ALE]) and ethyl acetate (AEA) extracts. Further, they were evaluated for their antioxidant, inhibition of alpha glucosidase, protein glycation dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV), protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) and stimulation of glucose uptake and glitazone like property (adipogenic potential) using in vitro models. The promising alpha glucosidase inhibitory potential of ALE was further evaluated in normal and streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ALE inhibited yeast (IC50 - 81.76 μg/mL) and rat intestinal alpha glucosidase (IC50 - 108.7 μg/mL), protein glycation, DPP IV enzyme (IC50 - 118.62 μg/mL) and PTP1B (IC50 - 94.66 μg/mL). ALE stimulated maximal adipogenesis at 50 μg/mL and enhanced insulin mediated glucose uptake (threefold of basal) at 100 μg/mL in L6 myotubes. ALE (500 mg/kg b.w.) showed a significant antihyperglycemic activity in sucrose loaded STZ normal (15.57%) and diabetic (18.44%) rats. HPLC analysis of ALE revealed the presence of bioactives like alpha amyrin, betulin and beta sitosterol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Alpha glucosidase inhibition, antiglycation, and adipogenic potential significantly contribute to the antidiabetic property of Aerva lanata. In addition, insulin sensitization and antioxidant potential also enhance its therapeutic potential.
authors.affiliation: Agroprocessing and Natural Products Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, India.
authors.forename: Mariam Philip
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Riya
authors.affiliation: Agroprocessing and Natural Products Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, India.
authors.forename: Kalathookunnel Antony
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Antu
authors.affiliation: Division of Biochemistry, CSIR - Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: Savita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pal
authors.affiliation: Agroprocessing and Natural Products Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, India.
authors.forename: Karuvakandy Chandrasekharan
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Chandrakanth
authors.affiliation: Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: Karunakaran Sasikala
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Anilkumar
authors.affiliation: Division of Biochemistry, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: Akhilesh Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Tamrakar
authors.affiliation: Division of Biochemistry, CSIR - Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: Arvind Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Srivastava
authors.affiliation: Agroprocessing and Natural Products Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, India.
authors.forename: Kozhiparambil Gopalan
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Raghu
mesh_terms: D050156:Adipogenesis; D027703:Amaranthaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Aerva lanata; antioxidant; diabetes; dipeptidyl peptidase IV; protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B; 关键词：软毛白花苋，抗氧化作用，二肽基肽酶IV，蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶1B，糖尿病