title: Comparative analysis of virulence of a novel, avian-origin H3N2 canine influenza virus in various host species.
abstract: A novel avian-origin H3N2 canine influenza A virus (CIV) that showed high sequence similarities in hemagglutinin and neuraminidase genes with those of non-pathogenic avian influenza viruses was isolated in our routine surveillance program in South Korea. We previously reported that the pathogenicity of this strain could be reproduced in dogs and cats. In the present study, the host tropism of H3N2 CIV was examined by experimental inoculation into several host species, including chickens, pigs, mice, guinea pigs, and ferrets. The CIV infection resulted in no overt symptoms of disease in these host species. However, sero-conversion, virus shedding, and gross and histopathologic lung lesions were observed in guinea pig and ferrets but not in pigs, or mice. Based on the genetic similarity of our H3N2 CIV with currently circulating avian influenza viruses and the presence of α-2,3-linked rather than α-2,6-linked sialic acid receptors in the respiratory tract of dogs, we believed that this strain of CIV would have avian virus-like receptor specificity, but that seems to be contrary to our findings in the present study. Further studies are needed to determine the co-receptors of hemagglutinin or post-attachment factors related to virus internalization or pathogenesis in other animals.
authors.affiliation: Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kwang-Soo
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Lyoo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong 339-700, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong-Ki
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Research Unit, Green Cross Veterinary Products, Yongin, Gyeonggi 446-569, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Bokyu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Research Unit, Green Cross Veterinary Products, Yongin, Gyeonggi 446-569, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyoungjoon
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.affiliation: Research Unit, Green Cross Veterinary Products, Yongin, Gyeonggi 446-569, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jongman
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: International Vaccine Institute, Seoul 151-919, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Manki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine Virology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Bongkyun
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Viral Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang-Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
authors.forename: Robert G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Webster
authors.affiliation: Viral Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea; University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: sds@snu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Daesub
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Song
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D002415:Cats; D002645:Chickens; D004285:Dogs; D005289:Ferrets; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D053122:Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D056910:Republic of Korea; D013552:Swine; D056189:Viral Tropism; D014774:Virulence; D017201:Virus Shedding
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral
keywords: Canine influenza virus; H3N2; Hosts; Model animals; Sialic acid