title: [Presentation, staging, and outcome of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma at a center in Veracruz, Mexico].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) staging provides a basis for calculating disease prognosis and therapeutic guidance. Liver resection and transplantation are curative options, and ablation therapies are applied to patients that are not candidates for curative treatment. Survival after liver resection or ablation therapies varies.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe the presentation, staging, management, and outcome in patients with HCC in our center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-two patients had a 7-year prospective follow-up. Survival was calculated with the Kaplan-Meier analysis and the log-rank test was used for its comparison between the staging systems (Okuda, BCLC, and CLIP) and types of treatment (liver resection, radiofrequency ablation, and no surgical treatment).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of the patients was 68.9 ± 9.5 years; 57% were women. A total of 54% of the patients presented with cirrhosis and 31% were infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). The mean tumor size was 6.48 ± 2.52cm. The CLIP 0, Okuda I, and BCLC A stages had better survival rates than the other stages (P<0.05). Survival with resection was superior (median of 32 months and survival at 1, 3, and 5 years of 83, 39, and 19.7%, respectively) to that of both radiofrequency ablation (median of 25 months and survival at 1 and 3 years of 90 and 17.2%, respectively) and no surgical treatment (1 year < 5%) (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The patients at our center were diagnosed at late stages of HCC, as is the case in other Mexican populations. Outcome in relation to CLIP and BCLC was similar to the prognoses reported in the literature. The best results were observed in the patients with early stage disease and those that underwent HCC resection surgery.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Cirugía General, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad 189 Adolfo Ruiz Cortines, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Veracruz, México. Electronic address: martinez.gustavo@transplantver.com.mx.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Martinez-Mier
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Cirugía Oncológica, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad 189 Adolfo Ruiz Cortines, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Veracruz, México.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Esquivel-Torres
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Cirugía General, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad 189 Adolfo Ruiz Cortines, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Veracruz, México.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Medina Granados
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Cirugía General, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad 189 Adolfo Ruiz Cortines, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Veracruz, México.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Luna-Castillo
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Cirugía General, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad 189 Adolfo Ruiz Cortines, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Veracruz, México.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Castillo-Chiquete
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Anestesiología, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad 189 Adolfo Ruiz Cortines, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Veracruz, México.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Calzada-Grijalva
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Investigación, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad 189 Adolfo Ruiz Cortines, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Veracruz, México.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Velazquez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Carcinoma hepatocelular; Cirugía; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Hígado; Liver; Mexico; México; Sobrevida; Surgery; Survival