title: Clinical relevance of distal biceps insertional and footprint anatomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this review was to present an overview, based on a literature search, of surgical anatomy for distal biceps tendon repairs, based on the current literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  A narrative review was performed using Pubmed/Medline using key words: Search terms were distal biceps, insertional, and anatomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Last decade, the interest in both reconstruction techniques, as well as surgical anatomy of the distal biceps tendon, has increased. The insights into various aspects of distal biceps tendon anatomy (two tendons, bicipital tuberosity, lacertus fibrosis, bicipital-radial bursa, posterior interosseous nerve, and lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve) have evolved significantly in the last years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thorough knowledge of the anatomy is essential for the surgeon in order to understand the biomechanics of rupture and reconstruction of the distal biceps tendon and to avoid injuries of the nerves. Some tips and tricks are provided, and some pitfalls were described to avoid complications and optimize surgical outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  IV.
authors.affiliation: Shoulder and Elbow Unit, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, OLVG, Oosterpark 9, 1091 AC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Bekerom@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Michel P J
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: van den Bekerom
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Amphia Hospital, Breda, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Izaäk F
authors.initials: IF
authors.lastname: Kodde
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, Bolton, UK.
authors.forename: Asir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aster
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, UMC, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ronald L A W
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Bleys
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Amphia Hospital, Breda, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Eygendaal
mesh_terms: D001132:Arm / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000601:surgery; D004550:Elbow / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures; D012421:Rupture / Q000601:surgery*; D013708:Tendon Injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D013710:Tendons / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000601:surgery
keywords: Anatomy; Biceps brachii; Distal; Review; Surgical repair; Tendon