title: Reduced inflammatory activity of RAW 264.7 macrophages on titania nanotube modified Ti surface.
abstract: Macrophages play a pivotal role in the hosts response to biomaterials being considered as an essential cell type during both optimal tissue-implant integration and pathologic process of implant failure. Hence, understanding of their cellular activity on biomaterials is important for improving evaluation and design of biomaterials for biomedical applications. In the present study, we have comparatively investigated the interactions of titania nanotubes (78 nm diameter) and commercial pure Ti with RAW 264.7 macrophages in both standard and pro-inflammatory (stimulation with lipopolysaccharide, LPS) culture conditions. In vitro tests showed that TiO2 nanotubes exhibited significantly decreased inflammatory activity of macrophages with respect to cytokine and chemokine gene expression/protein secretion, induction of foreign body giant cells (FBGCs) and nitric oxide (NO) release thereby mitigating the inflammatory response induced by LPS as compared to flat Ti surface. Therefore, our results suggest a novel role of TiO2 nanotubes in modulating macrophage response in biomaterial-associated bacterial infections. Overall, the current study provides new insight into how TiO2 nanotubes can be involved in macrophage activation and supports the great promise of such surface modifications for biomedical applications.
authors.affiliation: University of Bucharest, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 91-95 Spl. Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Neacsu
authors.affiliation: University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Department of Materials Science, WW-4, LKO, Matersstr. 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Anca
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mazare
authors.affiliation: University of Bucharest, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 91-95 Spl. Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania. Electronic address: anisoara.cimpean@bio.unibuc.ro.
authors.forename: Anisoara
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cimpean
authors.affiliation: University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Molecular Pediatrics Kußmaul-Forschungscampus, Hartmannstr. 14, 91052 Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Jung
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: University of Bucharest, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 91-95 Spl. Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania.
authors.forename: Marieta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Costache
authors.affiliation: University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Department of Materials Science, WW-4, LKO, Matersstr. 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Patrik
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schmuki
authors.affiliation: University Politechnica of Bucharest, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, 1-7 Polizu, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.
authors.forename: Ioana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Demetrescu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D015726:Giant Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D043942:Nanotubes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D009573:Nitrites; C009495:titanium dioxide; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D014025:Titanium
keywords: Inflammatory response; Lipopolysaccharide; Macrophage; Nanotubes; Titanium dioxide