title: How toxic is the depleted uranium to crayfish Procambarus clarkii compared with cadmium?
abstract: Due to a lack of information on the assessment of uranium's (U) toxicity, our work aimed to compare the effects of U on the crayfish Procambarus clarkii with those of the well documented metal: cadmium (Cd). Accumulation and impacts at different levels of biological organization were assessed after acute (40 µM Cd or U; 4-10 days) and chronic (0.1 µM Cd or U; 30-60 days) exposures. The survival rates demonstrated the high tolerance of this species toward both metals and showed that Cd had a greater effect on the sustainability of crayfish. The concentration levels of Cd and U accumulated in gills and hepatopancreas were compared between both conditions. Distinctions in the adsorption capacities and the mobility of the contaminants were suspected. Differences in the detoxification mechanisms of both metals using transmission electron microscopy equiped with an energy dispersive X-ray were also pointed out. In contrast, comparison between the histological structures of contaminated hepatopancreas showed similar symptoms. Principal component analyses revealed different impacts of each metal on the oxidative balance and mitochondria using enzymatic activities and gene expression levels as endpoints. The observation that U seemed to generate more oxidative stress than Cd in our conditions of exposure is discussed.
authors.affiliation: IRSN/PRP-ENV/SERIS-Laboratory of Biogeochemistry, Biodisponibility and Transfer of Radionuclides (L2BT), BP 3, 13115 Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.|University of Bordeaux1, EPOC, UMR CNRS 5805, F-33120, Arcachon, France.
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Al Kaddissi
authors.affiliation: IRSN/PRP-ENV/SERIS-Laboratory of Biogeochemistry, Biodisponibility and Transfer of Radionuclides (L2BT), BP 3, 13115 Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Environmental Biology, Ecotoxicology Laboratory, University of Perugia, 06123, Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonia Concetta
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Elia
authors.affiliation: University of Bordeaux1, EPOC, UMR CNRS 5805, F-33120, Arcachon, France.
authors.forename: Patrice
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.affiliation: IRSN/PRP-ENV/SERIS-Laboratory of Biogeochemistry, Biodisponibility and Transfer of Radionuclides (L2BT), BP 3, 13115 Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.
authors.forename: Magali
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Floriani
authors.affiliation: IRSN/PRP-ENV/SERIS-Laboratory of Biogeochemistry, Biodisponibility and Transfer of Radionuclides (L2BT), BP 3, 13115 Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cavalie
authors.affiliation: IRSN/PRP-ENV/SERIS-Laboratory of Biogeochemistry, Biodisponibility and Transfer of Radionuclides (L2BT), BP 3, 13115 Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.
authors.forename: Virginie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Camilleri
authors.affiliation: IRSN/PRP-ENV/SERIS-Laboratory of Biogeochemistry, Biodisponibility and Transfer of Radionuclides (L2BT), BP 3, 13115 Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.
authors.forename: Sandrine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Frelon
authors.affiliation: University of Bordeaux1, EPOC, UMR CNRS 5805, F-33120, Arcachon, France.
authors.forename: Alexia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Legeay
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003400:Astacoidea; D002104:Cadmium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D005880:Gills / Q000378:metabolism; D043143:Hepatopancreas / Q000378:metabolism; D007220:Industrial Waste; D008297:Male; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014501:Uranium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D007220:Industrial Waste; D002104:Cadmium; D014501:Uranium
keywords: antioxidants; cadmium; crayfish; gene expression; histology; mitochondria; survival rates; uranium