title: Changes in total and central fat mass after a hypocaloric diet associate with changes of apoC-I in postmenopausal obese women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We previously reported the secretion of apolipoprotein apoC-I, apoC-II, apoC-III, and apoE from adipose tissue in postmenopausal obese women, suggesting their potential regulation by energy balance in humans.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We examined the changes of these apolipoproteins, in relation to changes in cardiometabolic risks, following a hypocaloric diet in overweight/obese women.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 137 postmenopausal overweight/obese women who were free of chronic disease were examined at baseline, 56 women of whom were reevaluated following a 6-month hypocaloric diet. At baseline, there was no association between the plasma transferable apolipoproteins with any index of adiposity, insulin sensitivity, lipids, or inflammation, except for apoE with peripheral fat mass (r = 0.18, P < .05), and apoC-II and apoC-III with cholesterol (r = 0.23 and r = 0.20 respectively, P < .05). The hypocaloric diet reduced adiposity, insulin resistance, and inflammatory markers but had no significant effects on plasma transferable apolipoproteins or lipids, whose average concentrations were within normal range at baseline. The changes in total and central, but not peripheral, fat mass associated with changes of apoC-I only (r = 0.28 and r = 0.43; respectively, P < .05). Post-weight-loss apoC-I increased in some women (52%) yet it decreased in others, however there were no differences in cardiometabolic risk factors between the 2 groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Plasma apoC-I, apoC-II, apoC-III, and apoE are not associated with adiposity, insulin sensitivity, or inflammation in obese but healthy postmenopausal women. Post-weight-loss changes of total and central fat mass associate with changes of apoC-I.
authors.affiliation: Institut de Recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Hanny
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wassef
authors.affiliation: Institut de Recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Davignon
authors.affiliation: Institut de recherche de l'Hôpital Montfort (IRHM), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Prud'homme
authors.affiliation: Institut de Recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Montreal Diabetes Research Center (MDRC), Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Rémi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rabasa-Lhoret
authors.affiliation: Institut de Recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Montreal Diabetes Research Center (MDRC), Montréal, Québec, Canada. Electronic address: may.faraj@umontreal.ca.
authors.forename: May
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Faraj
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000473:pathology*; D000368:Aged; D053302:Apolipoprotein C-I / Q000378:metabolism*; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000378:metabolism*; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D053302:Apolipoprotein C-I; D001057:Apolipoproteins E
keywords: Apolipoprotein; Diet; Hyperinsulinemic/euglycemic clamp; Insulin sensitivity; Obesity; Weight loss; Women