title: Stoichiometry of a semi-aquatic plethodontid salamander: intraspecific variation due to location, size and diet.
abstract: Ecological stoichiometry provides a framework to investigate an organism's relationship to nutrient cycles. An organism's stoichiometry is thought to constrain its contribution to nutrient cycles (recycling or storage), and to limit its growth and reproduction. Factors that influence the stoichiometry of a consumer are largely unstudied, but what is known is that consumer stoichiometry is influenced by the elemental requirements of the consumer (e.g. for growth, reproduction and cell maintenance) and the availability of elements. We examined whole-body stoichiometry of larval southern two-lined salamanders (Eurycea cirrigera) and described the influence of location, body size, stoichiometry of diet items, and environmental nutrient supply on whole-body stoichiometry. Mean composition of phosphorous was 2.6%, nitrogen was 11.3%, and carbon was 39.6%, which are similar for other aquatic vertebrate taxa. The most significant predictor of whole-body stoichiometry was the site where the samples were collected, which was significant for each nutrient and nutrient ratio. Body size and stoichiometry of diet items were also predictors of Eurycea cirrigera stoichiometry. Our study suggests that spatial differences in environmental nutrient supply have a stronger influence on consumer whole-body stoichiometry among similar-sized larvae compared to life history traits, such as body size or diet.
authors.affiliation: United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Sustainable Technology Division, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Sustainable Environments Branch, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Milanovich
authors.forename: Matthew E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Hopton
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049628:Body Size; D002244:Carbon / Q000032:analysis; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D004777:Environment; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000737:chemistry; D007814:Larva; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis; D009820:Ohio; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000032:analysis; D014562:Caudata / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D010758:Phosphorus; D002244:Carbon; D009584:Nitrogen
keywords: Eurycea cirrigera; carbon; nitrogen; phosphorus; stream