title: Validation of the Italian version of the Client Satisfaction with Device module of the Orthotics and Prosthetics Users' Survey.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Information on patient satisfaction with orthosis (PSwO) is crucial for verifying and enhancing orthotic quality, for clinical decision making, and for improving patient's quality of life.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To perform the translation and cross-cultural adaptation into Italian of the recently revised version of the Client Satisfaction with Device (CSD) module of the Orthotics and Prosthetics Users' Survey, and then analyze its psychometric properties using factor and Rasch analyses.
  
  
  METHODS
  We translated and cross-culturally adapted the revised CSD into Italian (CDS-It) and assessed it in a convenience sample of orthotic-user patients with orthopedic, neurological and rheumatic conditions (N = 178; 56% men; median age, 62 years). Exploratory factor analysis and Rasch analysis (rating scale model) were used to investigate, respectively, dimensionality and metric properties of the scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Factor analysis confirmed the substantial unidimensionality of the CSD-It. The rating scale fulfilled the category functioning criteria. All items fitted the Rasch model except #2 ("The weight of my device is manageable") that overfitted the model, and #4 ("It is easy to put on my device") that was underfitting in six stroke patients (i.e. not systematically). The targeting of item difficulty to person ability was out of range. The person separation reliability was 0.70 and Cronbach's alpha 0.73. The residual correlation between items #7 and #8 showed a borderline local dependency.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study confirms the validity of the CSD-It, and provides a useful starting point for further refinement of this outcome measure.
authors.affiliation: PhD Program in Advanced Sciences and Technology in Rehabilitation Medicine and Sports, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bravini
authors.affiliation: Unit of Occupational Rehabilitation and Ergonomics, Salvatore Maugeri Foundation, Scientific Institute of Veruno, Italy.
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Franchignoni
authors.affiliation: Unit of Occupational Rehabilitation and Ergonomics, Salvatore Maugeri Foundation, Scientific Institute of Veruno, Italy.
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ferriero
authors.affiliation: Unit of Bioengineering, Salvatore Maugeri Foundation, Scientific Institute of Veruno, Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giordano
authors.affiliation: PhD Program in Advanced Sciences and Technology in Rehabilitation Medicine and Sports, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Hadeel
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bakhsh
authors.affiliation: Unit of Occupational Rehabilitation and Ergonomics, Salvatore Maugeri Foundation, Scientific Institute of Veruno, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sartorio
authors.affiliation: Unit of Occupational Rehabilitation and Ergonomics, Salvatore Maugeri Foundation, Scientific Institute of Veruno, Italy. Electronic address: stefano.vercelli@fsm.it.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vercelli
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003469:Culture; D003625:Data Collection / Q000592:standards*; D006233:Persons with Disabilities; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009989:Orthotic Devices; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D011594:Psychometrics; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*
keywords: Orthotic devices; Outcome assessment; Patient satisfaction; Questionnaires; Rehabilitation