title: The effects of 5-hydroxytryptophan in combination with different Fatty acids on gastrointestinal functions: a pilot experiment.
abstract: Background. Fat affects gastric emptying (GE). 5-Hydroxythryptophan (5-HTP) is involved in central and peripheral satiety mechanisms. Influence of 5-HTP in addition to saturated or monounsaturated fatty acids (FA) on GE and hormone release was investigated. Subjects/Methods. 24 healthy individuals (12f : 12m, 22-29 years, BMI 19-25.7 kg/m²) were tested on 4 days with either 5-HTP + short-chain saturated FA (butter), placebo + butter, 5-HTP + monounsaturated FA (olive oil), or placebo + olive oil in double-blinded randomized order. Two hours after FA/5-HTP or placebo intake, a (13)C octanoid acid test was conducted. Cortisol, serotonin, cholecystokinin (CCK), and ghrelin were measured, as were mood and GE. Results. GE was delayed with butter and was normal with olive (P < 0.05) but not affected by 5-HTP. 5-HTP supplementation did not affect serotonin levels. Food intake increased plasma CCK (F = 6.136; P < 0.05) irrespective of the FA. Ghrelin levels significantly decreased with oil/5-HTP (F = 9.166; P < 0.001). The diurnal cortisol profile was unaffected by FA or 5-HTP, as were ratings of mood, hunger, and stool urgency. Conclusion. Diverse FAs have different effects on GE and secretion of orexigenic and anorexigenic hormones. Supplementation of 5-HTP had no effect on plasma serotonin and central functions. Further studies are needed to explain the complex interplay.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Tuebingen, Medical Hospital, Osianderstraße 5, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Helene
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sauer
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Tuebingen, Medical Hospital, Osianderstraße 5, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mack
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Tuebingen, Medical Hospital, Osianderstraße 5, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Silke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kohler
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Tuebingen, Medical Hospital, Osianderstraße 5, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Stefanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Siegle
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Tuebingen, Medical Hospital, Osianderstraße 5, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rieber
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Tuebingen, Medical Hospital, Osianderstraße 5, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zipfel
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Munich, Central Campus, Ziemssenstraße 1, 80336 Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Bärbel
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Otto
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstraße 12, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
authors.forename: Yvonne
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ritze
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstraße 12, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
authors.forename: Stephan C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Bischoff
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Tuebingen, Medical Hospital, Osianderstraße 5, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Enck