title: Correlates of psychiatric hospitalization in a clinical sample of Canadian adolescents with bipolar disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify factors associated with psychiatric hospitalization among adolescents with bipolar disorder (BD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were 100 adolescents, ages 13-19, who fulfilled DSM-IV criteria for bipolar I disorder [(BD-I), n=26], bipolar II disorder [(BD-II), n=40], or operationalized criteria for BD not otherwise specified [(BD-NOS), n=34], via the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia, Present and Lifetime version (KSADS-PL). Demographic, clinical, and family history variables were measured via clinical interview with the participant and a parent or guardian.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The lifetime prevalence of psychiatric hospitalization was 50%. Significant predictors of psychiatric hospitalization in univariate analyses included older age, BD-I, history of suicide attempt, psychosis, lifetime use of second generation antipsychotics (SGAs), lithium, SSRI antidepressants and any medication. BD-II was negatively associated with psychiatric hospitalization. In multivariable analyses, older age, history of suicide attempt, psychosis and use of SGAs were positively associated with hospitalization, whereas BD-II was negatively associated with hospitalization.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Psychiatric hospitalization in adolescents with BD is highly prevalent and associated with older age and proxies for greater illness severity. Further studies are needed to identify strategies for reducing the need for psychiatric hospitalizations among adolescents with BD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Joshua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shapiro
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Timmins
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Brenda
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Swampillai
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Antonette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scavone
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Katelyn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Collinger
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Carolyn
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Boulos
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hatch
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada. Electronic address: benjamin.goldstein@sunnybrook.ca.
authors.forename: Benjamin I
authors.initials: BI
authors.lastname: Goldstein
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006778:Hospitals, Psychiatric / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D055815:Young Adult