title: Comparison of shear bond strength of brackets recycled using micro sandblasting and industrial methods.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate in vitro the shear bond strength of brackets recycled by sandblasting with aluminum oxide particles of different sizes or reconditioned industrially after successive rebonding.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty brackets were bonded and debonded sequentially three times. After the first debonding, brackets were divided into four groups: (group 1) sandblasting with aluminum oxide particles of 25 μ, (group 2) 50 μ, and (group 3) 110 μ, and (group 4) industrial recycling. Bond strength and adhesive material remaining on debonded bracket bases were evaluated for each successive debond.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant differences were detected between the four groups following the first recycle (P > .05). After the second recycle, bond strength was significantly greater for the industrially recycled group than the other groups (P < .016). When shear bond strength was compared within each recycling method, the bond strength of sandblasted brackets decreased with the increase of particle size and with each recycle; for the industrially recycled group, no significant differences were detected between the three sequences (P > .016). In the evaluation of bond material remnant, the industrially recycled group left significantly less bond material after successive recycling than the other groups did (P < .016). Within each recycling method, the adhesive remnant decreased significantly after successive debond (P < .016).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Industrial recycling obtained better results than sandblasting after three successive debondings. The brackets' shear bond strength decreased as the size of the aluminum oxide particle used for sandblasting increased and as recycling was repeated.
authors.affiliation: a  PhD student, Orthodontist, Orthodontic Teaching Unit, Dental Clinic, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Manuela M Haro
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Montero
authors.forename: Ascensión
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vicente
authors.forename: Noelia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Alfonso-Hernández
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jiménez-López
authors.forename: Luis-Alberto
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Bravo-González
mesh_terms: D000537:Aluminum Oxide / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods*; D017005:Dental Debonding / Q000379:methods; D045662:Dental Etching / Q000379:methods*; D017743:Equipment Reuse; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D053844:Lasers, Solid-State; D055115:Light-Curing of Dental Adhesives / Q000379:methods; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D010316:Particle Size; D011897:Random Allocation; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D033081:Shear Strength; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D019279:Resin Cements; C429625:Transbond Plus Self-Etching Primer; C477790:Transbond XT; D000537:Aluminum Oxide
keywords: Industrial recycling; Recycled; Sandblasting; Shear bond strength