title: Vanillic acid: a potential inhibitor of cardiac and aortic wall remodeling in l-NAME induced hypertension through upregulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase.
abstract: The objective of the present study is to investigate the effects of vanillic acid on blood pressure, cardiac marker enzymes, left ventricular function and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression in N(ω)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (l-NAME) induced hypertension in male albino Wistar rats. In hypertensive rats, mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate, cardiac marker enzymes and organ weight were increased. Impaired left ventricular function and decreased aortic eNOS expression was also observed in hypertensive rats. Moreover, treatment with vanillic acid exhibited beneficial effect on blood pressure, left ventricular function and cardiac marker enzymes. In addition, treatment with vanillic acid on hypertensive rats had upregulated eNOS expression and showed beneficial effects evidenced by histopathology and ultrastructural observations of aorta. In conclusion, vanillic acid has enough potential to normalize hypertension and left ventricular function in l-NAME induced hypertensive rats. With additional studies, vanillic acid might be used as a functional drug or as an adjuvant in the management of hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608002, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Subramanian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608002, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Pichavaram
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Prahalathan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608002, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address: drrajaau@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Boobalan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Raja
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000473:pathology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D006973:Hypertension / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014641:Vanillic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C496315:Nos3 protein, mouse; D014641:Vanillic Acid; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester
keywords: Cardiac marker enzymes; Hypertension; Left ventricular function; Vanillic acid; eNOS expression; l-NAME