title: Accelerated aerobic granulation using alternating feed loadings: alginate-like exopolysaccharides.
abstract: Alginate-like exopolysaccharides (ALE) likely contribute markedly to strength of aerobic granules. This study cultivated aerobic granules from propionate wastewaters using strategies with different organic loading rates (OLRs) (4.4-17.4 kg/m(3)-d). When the OLR increased suddenly, the constituent cells (Pseudomonas, Clostridium, Thauera and Arthrobacter) were stimulated to secret extracellular cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) and produced excess ALE, which formed a large quantity of sticky materials that served as the precursor of aerobic granules. Formation of excess ALE was the prerequisite for accelerated granulation. Conversely, this study observed no enrichment of poly guluronic acid blocks in ALE during granulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ya-Chun
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Chunli
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Supu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan; Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan. Electronic address: djleetw@yahoo.com.tw.
authors.forename: Duu-Jong
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates / Q000378:metabolism*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000502:physiology*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D058645:Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial / Q000378:metabolism*; D011422:Propionates / Q000032:analysis; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D006152:Cyclic GMP; D017931:DNA Primers; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial; D011422:Propionates; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D062065:Wastewater; C062025:bis(3',5')-cyclic diguanylic acid
keywords: Alginate-like exopolysaccharides; Alternating loading; Granulation; c-di-GMP