title: Antimüllerian hormone regulates stem cell factor expression in human granulosa cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether there is a correlation between antimüllerian hormone (AMH) and stem cell factor (SCF) in serum, follicular fluid (FF), and granulosa cells (GCs), and to investigate a possible regulatory mechanism of AMH on SCF in human granulosa cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective clinical and experimental study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Academic center.
  
  
  METHODS
  163 women undergoing IVF.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum, FF, and GCs obtained in all women, primary cultures of human GCs.
  
  
  METHODS
  AMH and SCF were analyzed in serum, FF, and GCs, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, and immunoblotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a significant negative correlation between AMH and SCF protein level in FF, and in the mRNA expression of AMH and SCF in GCs. Conversely, there was no correlation between AMH and SCF levels in serum. In primary cultures of human GCs, SCF was down-regulated by treatment with recombinant human AMH and was increased by cyclic adenosine 3':5' monophosphate (cAMP) in a dose-dependent manner. A protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor (H89) significantly reversed the effects of recombinant human AMH and cAMP on SCF mRNA and protein expression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first report on a modulatory role for AMH as an ovarian/follicular autocrine/paracrine factor controlling SCF expression via the cAMP/PKA pathway.
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medicine Center, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, People's Republic of China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jones Institute for Reproductive Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medicine Center, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fei-miao
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jones Institute for Reproductive Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medicine Center, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medicine Center, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medicine Center, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine Center, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiao-mei
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jones Institute for Reproductive Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia. Electronic address: oehninsc@evms.edu.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oehninger
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jones Institute for Reproductive Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia.
authors.forename: Silvina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bocca
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000494:pharmacology; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D015571:Follicular Fluid / Q000378:metabolism; D006107:Granulosa Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007546:Isoquinolines / Q000494:pharmacology; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D019089:Stem Cell Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D007546:Isoquinolines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D019089:Stem Cell Factor; D013449:Sulfonamides; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; C063509:N-(2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide
keywords: Antimüllerian hormone; cAMP/PKA pathway; granulosa cells; stem cell factor