title: Adiponectin-resistin index and its strong association with acute coronary syndrome in South Indian men.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  India has the highest burden of acute coronary syndromes worldwide. Apart from certain lipid alterations that have been established to be definite risk factors, low level of adiponectin, high levels of resistin, and IL-6 have been shown to be risk factors for cardiovascular events. Insulin resistance is also a significant predictor of poor outcome in patients admitted with ACS.
  
  
  METHODS
  69 male patients with ACS and 70 age-matched healthy males were recruited in the study. Insulin, total adiponectin, resistin, and IL-6 levels were assayed in all study subjects. Indices of insulin resistance and novel adipokine indices were calculated using standard formulae. Multiple logistic regression analysis was done to find out the best predictor of ACS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Resistin, IL-6, insulin resistance indices, AR index, and IRAR index were found to be significantly higher, while insulin sensitivity indices and total adiponectin were found to be lower in cases, as compared with controls (p < 0.001). Insulin resistance was found to be higher in the admission sample, when compared to the fasting sample in patients with ACS (p = 0.01). On multivariate logistic regression analysis, HOMA-IR and AR index were found to be significantly associated with ACS. AR index was the best independent predictor of ACS, with the highest odds ratio (AR index: adjusted OR 17.528, p < 0.0001 versus HOMA-IR: adjusted OR 1.146, p = 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present results implicate that adipokines are significantly associated with pathogenesis of ACS, warranting adequate and early appropriate treatment to reverse this metabolic dysregulation. In our study, AR index was the best predictor of ACS. Hence, the novel AR index might be useful in routine clinical practice for screening persons with increased risk of future development of ACS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, 605006, India.
authors.forename: Prerna
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Sridhar
authors.forename: Medha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rajappa
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Balachander
authors.forename: Tamilarasu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kadhiravan
mesh_terms: D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D007328:Insulin; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D052243:Resistin / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D001786:Blood Glucose; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D007328:Insulin; D015850:Interleukin-6; D052243:Resistin