title: Design and fabrication of hierarchically porous carbon with a template-free method.
abstract: Fabrication of hierarchically porous carbon materials (HPCs) with high surface area and pore volume has always been pursued. However, the currently effective template methods and acid/base activation strategies suffer from the drawbacks of either high costs or tedious steps. Herein, HPCs with 3D macro-mesopores and short-range meso-micropores were fabricated via an easy and sustainable two-step method from biomass. Macro-mesopores were constructed by slightly accumulation/aggregation of carbon spheres ranging from 60 nm to 80 nm, providing efficient mass diffusion pathways. Short-range mesopores and micropores with high electrolyte accessibility were developed in these spheres by air activation. The obtained HPCs showed surface area values up to 1306 m(2)/g and high mesopore volume proportion (63.9%). They demonstrated excellent capacitance and low equivalent series resistance (ESR) as supercapacitor electrode materials, suggesting the efficient diffusion and adsorption of electrolyte ions in the designed hierarchically porous structure.
authors.affiliation: Carbon Nano Materials Group, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Center for Chemistry of High-Performance and Novel Materials, Key Lab of Applied Chemistry of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 310028 Hangzhou, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yutong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Carbon Nano Materials Group, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Center for Chemistry of High-Performance and Novel Materials, Key Lab of Applied Chemistry of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 310028 Hangzhou, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Zhongzhe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Carbon Nano Materials Group, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Center for Chemistry of High-Performance and Novel Materials, Key Lab of Applied Chemistry of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 310028 Hangzhou, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Carbon Nano Materials Group, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Center for Chemistry of High-Performance and Novel Materials, Key Lab of Applied Chemistry of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 310028 Hangzhou, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Pengfei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Carbon Nano Materials Group, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Center for Chemistry of High-Performance and Novel Materials, Key Lab of Applied Chemistry of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 310028 Hangzhou, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Haoran
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Carbon Nano Materials Group, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Center for Chemistry of High-Performance and Novel Materials, Key Lab of Applied Chemistry of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 310028 Hangzhou, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang