title: [Scanning electron microscopy analysis of marginal adaptation of composite resines to enamel after using of standard and gradual photopolimerization].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bonding between composite and hard dental tissue is most commonly assessed by measuring bonding strength or absence of marginal gap along the restoration interface. Marginal index (MI) is a significant indicator of the efficiency of the bond between material and dental tissue because it also shows the values of width and length of marginal gap.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this investigation was to estimate quantitative and qualitative features of the bond between composite resin and enamel and to determine the values of MI in enamel after application of two techniques of photopolymerization with two composite systems.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty Class V cavities on extracted teeth were prepared and restored for scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis of composite bonding to enamel. Adhesion to enamel was achieved by Adper Single Bond 2 - ASB (3M ESPE), or by Adper Easy One--AEO (3M ESPE). Photopolymerization of Filtek Ultimate--FU (3M ESPE) was performed using constant halogen light (HIP) or soft start program (SOF).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Quantitative and qualitative analysis, showed better mikromorphological bonding with SOF photopolymerization and ASB/FU composite system. Differences in MI between different photopolymerization techniques (HIP: 0.6707; SOF: 0.2395) were statistically significant (p < 0.001), as well as differences between the composite systems (ASB/FU: 0.0470; AEO/ FU: 0.8651) (p < 0.001) by two-way ANOVA test.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Better marginal adaptation of composite to enamel was obtained with SOF photopolymerization in both composite systems.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dacić
authors.forename: Dragica
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dacić-Simonović
authors.forename: Slavoljub
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zivković
authors.forename: Milos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dacić
authors.forename: Goran
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Radicević
authors.forename: Aleksandar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mitić
authors.forename: Goran
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tosić
authors.forename: Marko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Igić
mesh_terms: D003188:Composite Resins; D003743:Dental Enamel; D018772:Dental Marginal Adaptation / Q000592:standards*; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D006801:Humans; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents