title: Differential effects of NMDA receptor antagonism on spine density.
abstract: The authors demonstrate that different NMDAR antagonists (ketamine and MK-801) have varying effects on spine density depending on dose, drug regimen, and brain region. While acute ketamine treatment increases cortical spine density in mice, subchronic exposure to either drug reduces spine density in both the cortex and striatum.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1A8.
authors.forename: Rebecca M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Ruddy
authors.forename: Yuxiao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Marija
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Milenkovic
authors.forename: Amy J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Ramsey
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D049229:Dendritic Spines / Q000187:drug effects*; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007649:Ketamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D007649:Ketamine; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate
keywords: MK-801; NMDA receptor; antidepressant; ketamine; spine density