title: Genetic prediction of antidepressant drug response and nonresponse in Korean patients.
abstract: Genetic polymorphism contributes to variation in response to drug treatment of depression. We conducted three independent 6-week treatment studies in outpatients with major depressive disorder (MDD) to develop a pharmacogenomic model predicting response and nonresponse. We screened candidate genomic markers for association with response to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). No patients had received any antidepressant drug treatment in the current episode of depression. Outcome evaluation was blinded to drug and genotype data. The prediction model derived from a development sample of 239 completer cases treated with SSRIs comprised haplotypes and polymorphisms related to serotonin synthesis, serotonin transport, glutamate receptors, and GABA synthesis. The model was evaluated prospectively for prediction of outcome in a validation sample of 176 new SSRI-treated completer cases. The model gave a prediction in 60% of these cases. Predictive values were 85% for predicted responders and 86% for predicted nonresponders, compared to prior probabilities of 66% for observed response and 34% for observed nonresponse in those cases (both P<0.001). Convergent cross-validation was obtained through failure of the model to predict outcomes in a third independent sample of 189 completer cases who received non-SSRI antidepressants. We suggest proof of principle for genetic guidance to use or avoid SSRIs in a majority of Korean depressed patients.
authors.affiliation: Center for Clinical Research, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Shinn-Won
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Center for Clinical Research, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hong-Hee
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Won
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyeran
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Woojae
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Myung
authors.affiliation: Biostatistics Unit, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Seonwoo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ka-Kyung
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Pacific Behavioral Research Foundation, Carmel, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Bernard J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Carroll
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong-Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Doh Kwan
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008954:Models, Biological; D010597:Pharmacogenetics; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D056910:Republic of Korea; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D005819:Genetic Markers; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors