title: Time-reversal symmetry violation in molecules induced by nuclear magnetic quadrupole moments.
abstract: Recent measurements in paramagnetic molecules improved the limit on the electron electric dipole moment (EDM) by an order of magnitude. Time-reversal (T) and parity (P) symmetry violation in molecules may also come from their nuclei. We point out that nuclear T, P-odd effects are amplified in paramagnetic molecules containing deformed nuclei, where the primary effects arise from the T, P-odd nuclear magnetic quadrupole moment (MQM). We perform calculations of T, P-odd effects in the molecules TaN, ThO, ThF+, HfF+, YbF, HgF, and BaF induced by MQMs. We compare our results with those for the diamagnetic TlF molecule, where the T, P-odd effects are produced by the nuclear Schiff moment. We argue that measurements in molecules with MQMs may provide improved limits on the strength of T, P-odd nuclear forces, on the proton, neutron, and quark EDMs, on quark chromo-EDMs, and on the QCD θ term and CP-violating quark interactions.
authors.affiliation: School of Physics, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia.
authors.forename: V V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Flambaum
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Post Office Box 208120, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: DeMille
authors.affiliation: Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188300, Russia and St. Petersburg Electrotechnical University "LETI," Professor Popov Street 5, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia.
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Kozlov