title: The phosphate exporter xpr1b is required for differentiation of tissue-resident macrophages.
abstract: Phosphate concentration is tightly regulated at the cellular and organismal levels. The first metazoan phosphate exporter, XPR1, was recently identified, but its in vivo function remains unknown. In a genetic screen, we identified a mutation in a zebrafish ortholog of human XPR1, xpr1b. xpr1b mutants lack microglia, the specialized macrophages that reside in the brain, and also displayed an osteopetrotic phenotype characteristic of defects in osteoclast function. Transgenic expression studies indicated that xpr1b acts autonomously in developing macrophages. xpr1b mutants display no gross developmental defects that may arise from phosphate imbalance. We constructed a targeted mutation of xpr1a, a duplicate of xpr1b in the zebrafish genome, to determine whether Xpr1a and Xpr1b have redundant functions. Single mutants for xpr1a were viable, and double mutants for xpr1b;xpr1a were similar to xpr1b single mutants. Our genetic analysis reveals a specific role for the phosphate exporter Xpr1 in the differentiation of tissue macrophages.
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Ana M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Meireles
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Celia E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Shiau
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Catherine A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Guenther
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Harwin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sidik
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Kingsley
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Electronic address: william.talbot@stanford.edu.
authors.forename: William S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Talbot
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified / Q000378:metabolism; D001846:Bone Development; D016723:Bone Remodeling; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D017628:Microglia / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation; D010641:Phenotype; D010710:Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000089842:Xenotropic and Polytropic Retrovirus Receptor; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D010710:Phosphates; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D011991:Receptors, Virus; C000715267:XPR1 protein, human; D000089842:Xenotropic and Polytropic Retrovirus Receptor; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins