title: A new group of anti-lipopolysaccharide factors from Marsupenaeus japonicus functions in antibacterial response.
abstract: Anti-lipopolysaccharide factors (ALFs) are a group of critical effector molecules with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activities in crustaceans. Four groups of ALFs (A, B, C, and D) have been identified in peneaid shrimp. In the study, we identified a new group of ALFs (designated as MjALF-E) from Marsupenaeus japonicus. This new group (group E) included MjALF-E1 and E2. MjALF-E1 was highly expressed in hemocytes, heart, and intestine, whereas E2 was highly expressed in gills, stomach, and intestine. Expressions of both MjALF-E1 and E2 were upregulated by bacterial challenge. Synthesized LPS-binding domain peptides of MjALF-E1 and E2 strongly bind to bacterial cell wall components lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and peptidoglycan (PGN). The recombinant rMjALF-E2 showed relatively weak binding activity to LPS and PGN. Both synthesized peptides and rMjALF-E2 exhibited antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria, whereas rMjALF-E2 could promote the clearance of bacteria in vivo. After knockdown of MjALF-E2 and infection with Vibrio anguillarum, shrimp showed high and rapid mortality compared with GFPi shrimp. These results suggest that MjALF-Es serves a protective function against bacterial infection in shrimp.
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.
authors.forename: Hai-Shan
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.
authors.forename: Yan-Ran
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Ming
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Fan
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China. Electronic address: jxwang@sdu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jin-Xing
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D060829:Arthropod Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001483:Base Sequence; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D005880:Gills / Q000378:metabolism; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000276:immunology; D006434:Hemocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D033561:Penaeidae / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D010457:Peptidoglycan / Q000276:immunology; D011485:Protein Binding; D034622:RNA Interference; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014733:Vibrio / Q000276:immunology; D014735:Vibrio Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D060829:Arthropod Proteins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010457:Peptidoglycan; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C034705:antilipopolysaccharide factor (Limulus)
keywords: Anti-lipopolysaccharide factors; Antimicrobial peptide; Bacterial clearance; Marsupenaeus japonicus; RNA interference; Shrimp innate immunity