title: Biological activities of derivatized D-glucans: a review.
abstract: D-Glucans have triggered increasing interest in commercial applications in the chemical and pharmaceutical sectors because of their technological properties and biological activities. The glucans are foremost among the polysaccharide groups produced by microorganisms with demonstrated activity in stimulating the immune system, and have potential in treating human disease conditions. Chemical alterations in the structure of D-glucans through derivatization (sulfonylation, carboxymethylation, phosphorylation, acetylation) contributes to their increased solubility that, in turn, can alter their biological activities such as antioxidation and anticoagulation. This review surveys and cites the latest advances on the biological and technological potential of D-glucans following chemical modifications through sulfonylation, carboxymethylation, phosphorylation or acetylation, and discusses the findings of their activities. Several studies suggest that chemically modified d-glucans have potentiated biological activity as anticoagulants, antitumors, antioxidants, and antivirals. This review shows that in-depth future studies on chemically modified glucans with amplified biological effects will be relevant in the biotechnological field because of their potential to prevent and treat numerous human disease conditions and their clinical complications.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Via do Conhecimento, km 01, Bairro Fraron, CEP: 85503-390 Pato Branco, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Francini Yumi
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Kagimura
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Via do Conhecimento, km 01, Bairro Fraron, CEP: 85503-390 Pato Branco, PR, Brazil. Electronic address: mcunha@utfpr.edu.br.
authors.forename: Mário Antônio A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: da Cunha
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química - CCE, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, CEP: 86051-990 Londrina, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aneli M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Barbosa
authors.affiliation: Biorefining and Biotechnology Consultancy, Rua João Huss 200, Gleba Palanho, CEP: 86050-490 Londrina, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Robert F H
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Dekker
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste (Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas), Campus CEDETEG, CEP: 85040-080 Guarapuava, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos Ricardo Maneck
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Malfatti
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation; D001709:Biotechnology; D005936:Glucans / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008745:Methylation; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010766:Phosphorylation; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D005936:Glucans
keywords: Biomolecules; Exopolysaccharides; α- and β-Glucans