title: Molecular typing of Mycobacterium bovis isolates: a review.
abstract: Mycobacterium bovis is the main causative agent of animal tuberculosis (TB) and it may cause TB in humans. Molecular typing of M. bovis isolates provides precise epidemiological data on issues of inter- or intra-herd transmission and wildlife reservoirs. Techniques used for typing M. bovis have evolved over the last 2 decades, and PCR-based methods such as spoligotyping and mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable number tandem repeat (MIRU-VNTR) have been extensively used. These techniques can provide epidemiological information about isolates of M. Bovis that may help control bovine TB by indicating possible links between diseased animals, detecting and sampling outbreaks, and even demonstrating cases of laboratory cross-contamination between samples. This review will focus on techniques used for the molecular typing of M. bovis and discuss their general aspects and applications.
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Biotecnologia Universidade Federal de Pelotas PelotasRS Brazil Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniela Fernandes
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Ramos
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Biotecnologia Universidade Federal de Pelotas PelotasRS Brazil Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lucas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tavares
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina Universidade Federal de Rio Grande Rio GrandeRS Brazil Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Pedro Eduardo Almeida
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Biotecnologia Universidade Federal de Pelotas PelotasRS Brazil Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Odir Antônio
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Dellagostin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology / Q000379:methods; D058889:Molecular Typing / Q000379:methods*; D009163:Mycobacterium bovis / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary
keywords: Mycobacterium bovis; bovine; diagnosis; genotyping; tuberculosis