title: Peripheral mechanisms in appetite regulation.
abstract: Peripheral mechanisms in appetite regulation include the motor functions of the stomach, such as the rate of emptying and accommodation, which convey symptoms of satiation to the brain. The rich repertoire of peripherally released peptides and hormones provides feedback from the arrival of nutrients in different regions of the gut from where they are released to exert effects on satiation, or regulate metabolism through their incretin effects. Ultimately, these peripheral factors provide input to the highly organized hypothalamic circuitry and vagal complex of nuclei to determine cessation of energy intake during meal ingestion, and the return of appetite and hunger after fasting. Understanding these mechanisms is key to the physiological control of feeding and the derangements that occur in obesity and their restoration with treatment (as shown by the effects of bariatric surgery).
authors.affiliation: Clinical Enteric Neuroscience Translational and Epidemiological Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota. Electronic address: camilleri.michael@mayo.edu.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Camilleri
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001069:Appetite Regulation; D050110:Bariatric Surgery; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology; D004063:Digestion; D004435:Eating; D017615:Enteric Nervous System / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005768:Gastrointestinal Hormones / Q000378:metabolism; D005769:Gastrointestinal Motility; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000294:innervation*; D006801:Humans; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000502:physiology; D009765:Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery; D019518:Postprandial Period; D012527:Satiation; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013649:Taste; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D005768:Gastrointestinal Hormones
keywords: Neurohormonal; Satiation; Satiety; Stomach