title: An in vitro evaluation of wear and surface roughness of particulate filler composite resin after tooth brushing.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the influence of tooth brushing on wear and surface roughness of four different particulate filler composite resins.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six specimens (2 mm thick and 8 mm in diameter) of each tested material (Filtek Z250-Microhybrid, SpectrumTPH3-Submicron hybrid, Filtek Z350XT Nanofiller and Filtek P90- Microhybrid) were prepared according to the manufacturer's directions. A brushing sequence of 5000, 10,000 and 20,000 cycles was performed for all the samples. A non-contact profilometer was used to determine average surface roughness (Ra) and wear of the material assessed using an analytic electronic balance at baseline and each cycle interval. The data obtained were analyzed using one-way ANOVAs and post-hoc multiple comparison tests. Paired t-test was used for comparisons between cycle intervals for each material. Analyses with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were also performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The resin composite Filtek P 90 presented an increase in percentage weight loss after final toothbrushing cycles over the rest of the materials. Brushing significantly increased roughness (Ra) for all composites. Filtek Z250, after brushing, was significantly rougher than the other resins followed by Filtek P 90, Spectrum TPH 3 and Filtek Z350 XT. However, SEM images indicated severe change in surface topography of 'sub-micron hybrid' specimen compared to each other after tooth brushing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Wear and surface roughness increased with each cycle interval for all the materials and one composite resin demonstrated a higher increase in surface roughness than the other three tested brands of composite resins. Not much difference was observed in the weight loss between tested samples.
authors.affiliation: Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Abdul Aziz A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Al Khuraif
mesh_terms: D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D003802:Dentifrices / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D011791:Quartz / Q000737:chemistry; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry; D062047:Silorane Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014099:Toothbrushing / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D015040:Zirconium / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; D003764:Dental Materials; D003802:Dentifrices; C444701:Filtek Z250; D062047:Silorane Resins; C467914:TPH spectrum; C544925:filtek P90; C533204:filtek Z350; D014867:Water; D011791:Quartz; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D015040:Zirconium; C028541:zirconium oxide
keywords: composites; surface roughness; tooth brush abrasion; wear