title: Detection of Invasive Borrelia burgdorferi Strains in North-Eastern Piedmont, Italy.
abstract: Following reports of human cases of Lyme borreliosis from the Ossola Valley, a mountainous area of Piemonte, north-western Italy, the abundance and altitudinal distribution of ticks, and infection of these vectors with Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato were evaluated. A total of 1662 host-seeking Ixodes ricinus were collected by dragging from April to September 2011 at locations between 400 and 1450 m above sea level. Additional 104 I. ricinus were collected from 35 hunted wild animals (4 chamois, 8 roe deer, 23 red deer). Tick density, expressed as the number of ticks per 100 m(2), resulted highly variable among different areas, ranging from 0 to 105 larvae and from 0 to 22 nymphs. A sample of 352 ticks (327 from dragging and 25 from wild animals) was screened by a PCR assay targeting a fragment of the 16S rRNA gene of B. burgdorferi s.l. Positive samples were confirmed with a PCR assay specific for the 5S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer region and sequenced. Four genospecies were found: B. afzelii (prevalence 4.0%), B. lusitaniae (4.0%), B. garinii (1.5%) and B. valaisiana (0.3%). Phylogenetic analysis based on the ospC gene showed that most of the Borrelia strains from pathogenic genospecies had the potential for human infection and for invasion of secondary body sites.
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale of Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d'Aosta, Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Pintore
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ceballos
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale of Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d'Aosta, Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Iulini
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tomassone
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale of Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d'Aosta, Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pautasso
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale of Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d'Aosta, Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Corbellini
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale of Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d'Aosta, Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rizzo
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale of Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d'Aosta, Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Mandola
authors.affiliation: Azienda Sanitaria Locale of Omegna, Verbania, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bardelli
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale of Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d'Aosta, Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Peletto
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale of Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d'Aosta, Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Acutis
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mannelli
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale of Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d'Aosta, Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Casalone
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D025065:Borrelia burgdorferi / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007558:Italy; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D013987:Ticks / Q000382:microbiology*
keywords: Acarologic risk; Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato; Ixodes ricinus; tick; zoonosis