title: Acute traumatic stress among surgeons after major surgical complications.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patient harm resulting from medical treatment may be a traumatic experience for health care staff. This study examined surgeons' levels of traumatic stress in the aftermath of the most recent major complication that happened in their patients' care and its relationship with surgeons' coping strategies, causal attributions, and perceived institutional culture around surgical complications.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-seven general and vascular surgeons from 3 National Health Service Trusts in London, UK completed a questionnaire assessing the aforementioned variables (64.4% response rate).
  
  
  RESULTS
  One-third of the participants reported traumatic stress of clinical concern 1 month after the incident. The use of self-distraction (P < .05) and being a general surgeon (P < .05) were predictive of traumatic stress of clinical concern in multiple logistic regression analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Some surgeons may experience acute traumatic stress after serious surgical complications. The extent to which this is of clinical concern is associated with their use of self-distraction as well as the clinical setting. Health care organizations need to attend to surgeons' psychological needs in the aftermath of serious adverse events.
authors.affiliation: NIHR Imperial Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK. Electronic address: a.pinto@imperial.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.affiliation: NIHR Imperial Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK.
authors.forename: Omar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Faiz
authors.affiliation: NIHR Imperial Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK.
authors.forename: Colin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bicknell
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vincent
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002648:Child; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010820:Physicians / Q000523:psychology*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000523:psychology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013043:Specialties, Surgical; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Adverse events; Psychological well-being; Surgical complications; Traumatic stress