title: Anti-inflammatory activities of tormentic acid from suspension cells of Eriobotrya Japonicaex vivo and in vivo.
abstract: Anti-inflammatory effects of tormentic acid (TA) were investigated ex vivo and in vivo. TA decreased the paw edema at the 4th and 5thhour after λ-carrageenin (Carr) administration, and increased the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the liver tissue. TA also significantly attenuated the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) level in the edematous paw at the 5thhour after Carr injection. TA decreased the nitric oxide (NO) levels on the serum level and diminished the serum tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α) at the 5thhour after Carr injection. Western blotting revealed that the TA decreased Carr-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expressions. As per results, the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of TA might be correlated to the decrease in the level of TBARS, iNOS, and COX-2 in the edema paw via increasing the activities of CAT, SOD, and GPx in the liver.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chwen-Tzuei
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shyh-Shyun
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shiang-Shiou
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Kampo Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, Japan.
authors.forename: Sakae
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Amagaya
authors.affiliation: Jen Li Biotech Co. Ltd., Yong-feng Road, Taiping City, Taichung 411, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hui-Ya
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wen-Chi
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Pei-Hsin
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Shie
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. Electronic address: jinbinwu@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jin-Bin
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan. Electronic address: gjhuang@mail.cmu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Guan-Jhong
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Huang
keywords: Anti-inflammation; NO; TBARS; TNF-α; Tormentic acid