title: Retinoic acid can induce mouse embryonic stem cell R1/E to differentiate toward female germ cells while oleanolic acid can induce R1/E to differentiate toward both types of germ cells.
abstract: Retinoic acid (RA) and oleanolic acid (OA) were studied about their potential to induce mouse embryonic stem cell R1/E (MESC-R1/E) to differentiate toward germ cells. Embryoid bodies (EBs) first formed from MESC-R1/E and EBs were allowed to attach to the bottoms of normal cell-culturing plate and grow. Then, different compounds including RA, OA and so on were respectively added to induce MESC-R1/E to differentiate. After 72 h, microscopy images were taken for all interventions, then total RNAs were extracted, cDNAs were synthesized and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qPCR) was performed to detect the transcriptional expression patterns of 11 reproductive-differentiation-related genes for different compounds respectively. During the data analysis, it was found RA significantly up-regulated the expression levels of GDF-9, Stra8, SCP3, Mvh, ZP1, ZP2, and ZP3, while significantly down-regulated the levels of Itag6 and Itgb1, and the level of Oct-4 was down-regulated insignificantly, while the level of TP2 was up-regulated insignificantly; OA significantly up-regulated the expression levels of Stra8, SCP3, Mvh, ZP1, ZP2, Itgb1, and TP2, and the levels of Oct-4, GDF-9, ZP3, and Itga6 were up-regulated insignificantly. The data showed that RA can induce MESC-R1/E to differentiate toward female germ cells while OA can induce MESC-R1/E to differentiate toward male and female germ cells.
authors.affiliation: The Second Affiliated Medical College and Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Lin-Tao
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jun-Bei
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Xiang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D009828:Oleanolic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010063:Ovum / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects*; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D014212:Tretinoin; D009828:Oleanolic Acid
keywords: differentiation; induced; mouse embryonic stem cells; oleanolic acid; reproductive-differentiation-related genes; retinoic acid