title: Crustacean hyperglycemic hormones of two cold water crab species, Chionoecetes opilio and C. japonicus: isolation of cDNA sequences and localization of CHH neuropeptide in eyestalk ganglia.
abstract: Crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH) is primarily known for its prototypical function in hyperglycemia which is induced by the release of CHH. The CHH release takes place as an adaptive response to the energy demands of the animals experiencing stressful environmental, physiological or behavioral conditions. Although >63 decapod CHH nucleotide sequences are known (GenBank), the majority of them is garnered from the species inhabiting shallow and warm water. In order to understand the adaptive role of CHH in Chionoecetes opilio and Chionoecetes japonicus inhabiting deep water environments, we first aimed for the isolation of the full-length cDNA sequence of CHH from the eyestalk ganglia of C. opilio (ChoCHH) and C. japonicus (ChjCHH) using degenerate PCR and 5' and 3' RACE. Cho- and ChjCHH cDNA sequences are identical in 5' UTR and ORF with 100% sequence identity of the putative 138aa of preproCHHs. The length of 3' UTR ChjCHH cDNA sequence is 39 nucleotides shorter than that of ChoCHH. This is the first report in decapod crustaceans that two different species have the identical sequence of CHH. ChoCHH expression increases during embryogenesis of C. opilio and is significantly higher in adult males and females. C. japonicus males have slightly higher ChjCHH expression than C. opilio males, but no statistical difference. In both species, the immunostaining intensity of CHH is stronger in the sinus gland than that of X-organ cells. Future studies will enable us to gain better understanding of the comparative metabolic physiology and endocrinology of cold, deep water species of Chionoecetes spp.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Columbus Center, 701 E. Pratt Street, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA. Electronic address: chung@umces.edu.
authors.forename: J Sook
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Columbus Center, 701 E. Pratt Street, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA.
authors.forename: I S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, 787 Haean-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 426-744, South Korea.
authors.forename: O H
authors.initials: OH
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, 787 Haean-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 426-744, South Korea.
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D060829:Arthropod Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D001483:Base Sequence; D003386:Brachyura / Q000378:metabolism; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D003445:Crustacea / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics*; D005123:Eye / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005724:Ganglia / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007447:Invertebrate Hormones / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
chemical_list: D060829:Arthropod Proteins; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D007447:Invertebrate Hormones; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C015947:hyperglycemic hormone, crustacean
keywords: CHH; CHH expression; Cold water crab species; Eyestalk ganglia; Translational regulatory sites