title: Alprostadil attenuates inflammatory aspects and leucocytes adhesion on renal ischemia and reperfusion injury in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of alprostadil in an experimental model of ischemia and reperfusion injury (IRI) in rat renal tissue.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult male Wistar rats were randomized into three groups Vehicle-treated group(Veh), Alprostadil-treated(Al), and sham(Sh) group. Veh and Al groups had suprarenal aorta occluded for 30 minutes and reperfused for 60 minutes. Saline or 20 µg/kg of Alprostadil was intravenously infused immediately before declamping. Sh group animals underwent similar procedure without aortic occlusion. Left nephrectomy and blood sampling were performed after 60 minutes of reperfusion. Renal ICAM-1 expression and histological analysis were performed to estimate inflammatory response and tissue disarrangement. Serum biochemical markers for IRI were also measured. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to assess differences between the groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was lower expression of ICAM-1 in groups Veh and Sh. On histologically evaluation, inflammation and necrosis in the Veh group was significantly higher (grades III/IV) than Al group (Veh>Al=Sh; p = 0.025), as well as CPK levels (Veh>Al=Sh; p = 0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Alprostadil attenuates the immunohistochemical and histological repercussions in the renal tissue of rats submitted to a post-ischemic reperfusion with supra-renal aortic clamping.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bruno Leonardo de Freitas
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Nursing, Federal University do Vale do São Francisco, Petrofina, PE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Andréia Lopes de
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Freitas
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Edna Frasson de Souza
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Montero
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences of Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil.
authors.forename: Guilherme Benjamin Brandão
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Pitta
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery, UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fausto
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Miranda
mesh_terms: D000527:Alprostadil / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D001706:Biopsy; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000032:analysis; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D009336:Necrosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D011897:Random Allocation; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D013997:Time Factors; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D000527:Alprostadil