title: Recessions, job loss, and mortality among older US adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We analyzed how recessions and job loss jointly shape mortality risks among older US adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used data for 50 states from the Health and Retirement Study and selected individuals who were employed at ages 45 to 66 years during 1992 to 2011. We assessed whether job loss affects mortality risks, whether recessions moderate the effect of job loss on mortality, and whether individuals who do and do not experience job loss are differentially affected by recessions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with individuals not experiencing job loss, mortality risks among individuals losing their job in a recession were strongly elevated (hazard ratio = 1.6; 95% confidence interval = 1.1, 2.3). Job loss during normal times or booms is not associated with mortality. For employed workers, we found a reduction in mortality risks if local labor market conditions were depressed, but this result was not consistent across different model specifications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Recessions increase mortality risks among older US adults who experience job loss. Health professionals and policymakers should target resources to this group during recessions. Future research should clarify which health conditions are affected by job loss during recessions and whether access to health care following job loss moderates this relation.
authors.affiliation: Clemens Noelke is with the Center for Population and Development Studies, Harvard School of Public Health, Cambridge, MA. Jason Beckfield is with the Department of Sociology, Harvard University, Cambridge.
authors.forename: Clemens
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Noelke
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Beckfield
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D057172:Economic Recession / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009026:Mortality; D012307:Risk Factors; D014478:Unemployment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology