title: Acquired drug resistance during inadequate therapy in a young child with tuberculosis.
abstract: Drug resistance in children with tuberculosis is usually primary (transmitted); however, resistance acquisition during treatment is possible. We describe a child with tuberculosis who acquired drug resistance while receiving directly observed but inadequate first-line therapy and the programmatic and clinical factors that may have contributed to resistance acquisition.
authors.affiliation: From the *Desmond Tutu TB Centre, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg; †Brooklyn Hospital for Chest Diseases, Cape Town; ‡Division of Pharmacology; §Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, MRC Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Stellenbosch University; and ¶Tygerberg Children's Hospital, Tygerberg, South Africa.
authors.forename: Anthony J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Garcia-Prats
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Willemse
authors.forename: Heiner I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Seifart
authors.forename: Annemie M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Jordaan
authors.forename: Cedric J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Werely
authors.forename: Peter R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Donald
authors.forename: H Simon
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Schaaf
mesh_terms: D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology*; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents