title: Testing effects of glatiramer acetate and fingolimod in an infectious model of CNS immune surveillance.
abstract: Immune surveillance of the CNS is critical for preventing infections; however, there is no accepted experimental model to assess the risk of infection when utilizing disease-modifying agents. We tested two approved agents for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), glatiramer acetate and fingolimod, in an experimental model of CNS immune surveillance. C57BL/6 mice were infected with the ME49 strain of the neuroinvasive parasite Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) and then treated with GA and fingolimod. Neither treatment affected host survival; however, differences were observed in parasite load and in leukocyte numbers in the brains of infected animals. Here we demonstrate that this model could be a useful tool for analyzing immune surveillance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Cyd
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Castro-Rojas
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Krystin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Deason
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Rehana Z
authors.initials: RZ
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.affiliation: Teva Pharmaceuticals, Petah Tikva, Israel.
authors.forename: Liat
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hayardeny
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Petra C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Cravens
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Felix
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yarovinsky
authors.affiliation: Histocompatibility and Transplant Immunology, Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, The Methodist Hospital Physician Organization, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Todd N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Eagar
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Benjamine
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Arellano
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, TX, USA; Neurology Section, VA North Texas Health Care System, Medical Service, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Germany. Electronic address: olaf.stuve@utsouthwestern.edu.
authors.forename: Olaf
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Stüve
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000276:immunology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D000068876:Fingolimod Hydrochloride; D000068717:Glatiramer Acetate; D007157:Immunologic Surveillance / Q000187:drug effects*; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010455:Peptides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011409:Propylene Glycols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013110:Sphingosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014123:Toxoplasmosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D010455:Peptides; D011409:Propylene Glycols; D000068717:Glatiramer Acetate; D000068876:Fingolimod Hydrochloride; D013110:Sphingosine
keywords: EAE; Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis; Immune surveillance; Toxoplasma gondii