title: Dengue eye disease.
abstract: Dengue fever, a viral disease epidemic in some parts of the world, is of considerable international concern, with a growing incidence owing to developing urbanization, tourism, and trade. Ocular manifestations of dengue fever are uncommon, but of great significance. Proposed mechanisms include direct viral infection as well as immunologic phenomena. Common manifestations include subconjunctival, vitreous, and retinal hemorrhages; posterior uveitis; optic neuritis; and maculopathies such as foveolitis, hemorrhage, and edema. Main symptoms include blurring of vision, scotomata, metamorphopsia, and floaters. Diagnostic and monitoring investigations described included optical coherence tomography, fundus fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography, visual field analysis, and electrophysiologic tests. Management is based on clinical presentation and includes active surveillance as well as various anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive therapies. There have been no prospective, randomized therapeutic trials, and it is unclear if the disease is self-limiting or if treatment is actually beneficial. Prognosis varies, ranging from full resolution to permanent vision loss despite intervention.
authors.affiliation: Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Aaron W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.affiliation: Eagle Eye Centre, Singapore; National Healthcare Group Eye Institute, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore. Electronic address: drstephenteoh@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Stephen C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Teoh
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003715:Dengue / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D015828:Eye Infections, Viral / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012307:Risk Factors; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous
keywords: chorioretinitis; complications; dengue; foveolitis; hemorrhage; infection; macular edema; maculopathy; optic neuritis; uveitis; viral