title: Cytotoxicity of sulfurous acid on cell membrane and bioactivity of Nitrosomonas europaea.
abstract: Nitrosomonas europaea, an ammonia oxidizing bacterium, was chosen as a research model to study the alteration of cell membrane in the presence of sulfurous acid and biodegradation of acetochlor. Significant changes of the outer cell membrane were observed in the presence of sulfurous acid using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The fluorescence polarization has shown a significant decrease in membrane fluidity and the increase of permeability of cell membrane. Lysozyme experiment show the cell becomes easily influenced by substance in medium. Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) measurements show considerable amount of Ca(2+) and Mg(2+) in the supernatant from the sulfurous acid exposed cells. Sulfurous acid treatment enhanced the ability of N. europaea to degrade acetochlor. On this basis, it can be concluded that the increased cell permeability is favor for the absorbability of nutrition. As a result, N. europaea grows faster and the biodegradation efficiency was improved.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Advanced Technology in Environmental Protection of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, PR China. Electronic address: jiangry@ycit.cn.
authors.forename: Ruiyu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
authors.forename: Mingqing
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, PR China.
authors.forename: Jianliang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Advanced Technology in Environmental Protection of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, PR China.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Advanced Technology in Environmental Protection of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, PR China.
authors.forename: Guihua
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Advanced Technology in Environmental Protection of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, PR China.
authors.forename: Wubing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D043370:Nitrosomonas europaea / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010539:Permeability; D013456:Sulfur Acids / Q000633:toxicity*; D014052:Toluidines / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D013456:Sulfur Acids; D014052:Toluidines; C043377:acetochlor
keywords: Biodegradation; Lysozyme; Membrane fluidity; N. europaea; Sulfurous acid