title: Metagenome of Mehsani buffalo rumen microbiota: an assessment of variation in feed-dependent phylogenetic and functional classification.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To gain a greater understanding of the ecology and metabolic potential of the rumen microbiome with the changes in the animal diet.
  
  
  METHODS
  Diet composed of varying proportion of green and dry roughages along with grains was given to 8 Mehsani buffaloes, and rumen metagenome was sketched using shotgun semiconductor sequencing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the present study, the Bacteroidetes were found to be dominant at the phyla level and Prevotella at the genus level. The ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes was found to be higher in the solid fraction as compared to the liquid fraction. In the solid fraction of the dry roughage group, the significant increment (p < 0.05) in Bacteroidetes abundance was observed with increment of roughage concentration. At the genus level, Clostridium significantly increased with the increment in roughage concentration. A comparison of glycoside hydrolase and cellulosome functional genes revealed more glycoside hydrolase 3 encoding genes with higher fiber diet and significant difference in carbohydrate-active enzymes family composition between green and dry roughage groups of the liquid fraction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study provides a base to understand the modulating behavior of microbiota which can be manipulated to improve livestock nutrient utilization efficiency and for targeting the efficient catabolism of complex carbohydrate molecules as well.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Science and Technology for Advanced Studies and Research, V.V. Nagar, India.
authors.forename: Nidhi R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Parmar
authors.forename: Jitendra V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Solanki
authors.forename: Anand B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Tejas M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Amrutlal K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Subhash
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Parnerkar
authors.forename: J I Nirmal
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Chaitanya G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Joshi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*; D002020:Buffaloes; D004032:Diet / Q000379:methods*; D054892:Metagenome; D064307:Microbiota; D012417:Rumen / Q000382:microbiology*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA