title: Fabrication and perfusion culture of anatomically shaped artificial bone using stereolithography.
abstract: Because patient bone defects are usually varied and complicated in geometry, it would be preferred to fabricate custom-made artificial bone grafts that are anatomically specific to individual patient defects. Using a rabbit femoral segment as a bone reconstruction model, we successfully produced customized ceramic scaffolds by stereolithography, which not only had an anatomically correct external shape according to computed tomography data but also contained an interconnecting internal network of channels designed for perfusion culture. Rabbit bone marrow stromal cells were isolated and cultured with these scaffolds using a novel oscillatory perfusion system that was stereolithographically fabricated to fit well to the unique scaffold shapes. After five days of three-dimensional culture with oscillatory perfusion, the cells attached and proliferated homogenously in the scaffolds. However, control cells inside the scaffolds cultured under static conditions were dead after prolonged in vitro culture. Cellular DNA content and alkaline phosphatase activities were significantly higher in the perfusion group versus the static group. Therefore, anatomically correct artificial bone can be successfully constructed using stereolithography and oscillatory culture technology, and could be useful for bone engraftment and defect repair.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sino-Russian Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, Harbin Medical University, People's Republic of China. Department of Bioengineering, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan.
authors.forename: Dajiang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Teruo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Asaoka
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ushida
authors.forename: Katsuko S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Furukawa
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000166:cytology*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D002470:Cell Survival; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D010477:Perfusion; D016062:Porosity; D066330:Printing, Three-Dimensional; D011817:Rabbits; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000295:instrumentation*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
chemical_list: D004247:DNA; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase