title: Novel biocompatible nanocapsules for slow release of fragrances on the human skin.
abstract: There is a growing demand for fragranced products, but due to the poor aqueous solubility and instability of fragrance molecules, their use is limited. Nowadays, fragrance encapsulation in biocompatible nanocontainer material is emerging as a novel strategy to overcome the evaporation of volatile molecules and to prolong the sensory characteristics of fragrance molecules and the longevity of perfumes. The objective of this study was to develop an innovative sustained release system of perfume, by entrapping fragrance molecules in a polymeric nanocarrier; the impact of this strategy on the human axillary microbiome was further assessed. Stabilised poly-l-lactic acid nanocapsules (PLA-NCs) with a diameter of approximately 115 nm were prepared through nanoprecipitation. Size and morphology of the capsules were evaluated using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). Two model hydrophobic compounds, chlorobenzene and fluorescein, representing two different types of functionalised molecules, were encapsulated in PLA-NCs with an efficiency rate of 50%. Different release behaviours were seen, dependent on hydrophobicity. For hydrophobic compounds, a steady release was observed over 48hours. The polymeric nanocarriers did not impact the human axillary microbiome. Because of the slow and sustained release of fragrances, encapsulation of molecules in biocompatible NCs can represent a revolutionary contribution to the future of toiletries, body deodorant products, and in washing and cleaning sectors.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium(4); BIOMED, University of Hasselt, Agoralaan Building C, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
authors.forename: Baharak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hosseinkhani
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium(4).
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Callewaert
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium(4).
authors.forename: Nelleke
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vanbeveren
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium(4). Electronic address: nico.boon@ugent.be.
authors.forename: Nico
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Boon
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000254:growth & development; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D064307:Microbiota; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D053769:Nanocapsules / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D010476:Perfume / Q000032:analysis*; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D012867:Skin / Q000737:chemistry*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D053769:Nanocapsules; D010476:Perfume; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers; D019344:Lactic Acid; C033616:poly(lactide)