title: Cabozantinib in chemotherapy-pretreated metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: results of a phase II nonrandomized expansion study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cabozantinib (XL184), an oral inhibitor of multiple receptor tyrosine kinases such as MET and VEGFR2, was evaluated in a phase II nonrandomized expansion study in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients received open-label cabozantinib at daily starting doses of 100 mg or 40 mg until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary end point was bone scan response, defined as ≥ 30% reduction in bone scan lesion area. Other efficacy end points included overall survival, pain, analgesic use, and biomarkers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred forty-four patients sequentially enrolled in either a 100-mg (n = 93) or 40-mg (n = 51) study cohort. Ninety-one patients (63%) had a bone scan response, often by week 6. Treatment resulted in clinically meaningful pain relief (57% of patients) and reduction or discontinuation of narcotic analgesics (55% of patients), as well as improvements in measurable soft tissue disease, circulating tumor cells, and bone biomarkers. Improvements in each of these outcomes were observed in both cohorts: bone scan response in 73% and 45%, respectively; reductions in measurable soft tissue disease in 80% and 79%, respectively. Median overall survival was 10.8 months for the entire population. Most common grade 3 or 4 adverse events were fatigue (22%) and hypertension (14%). Fewer dose reductions because of toxicity were required in the 40-mg group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The evidence suggests that cabozantinib has clinically meaningful activity in CRPC. Cabozantinib resulted in improvements in bone scans, pain, analgesic use, measurable soft tissue disease, circulating tumor cells, and bone biomarkers. Taken together, these phase II observations warrant further development of cabozantinib in prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Matthew R. Smith, Massachusettes General Hospital; Christopher J. Sweeney, Aymen Elfiky, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Paul G. Corn, Christopher J. Logothetis, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Dana E. Rathkopf, Howard I. Scher, Sidney Kimmel Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; David C. Smith, Maha Hussain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Daniel J. George, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Ethan M. Basch, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Celestia S. Higano, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Andrea L. Harzstark, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Christian Scheffold, A. Douglas Laird, Frauke Schimmoller, Exelixis, South San Francisco, CA; A. Oliver Sartor, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; Michael S. Gordon, Pinnacle Oncology Hematology, Scottsdale, AZ; Naomi B. Haas, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Johann S. de Bono, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom. smith.matthew@mgh.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Matthew R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Matthew R. Smith, Massachusettes General Hospital; Christopher J. Sweeney, Aymen Elfiky, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Paul G. Corn, Christopher J. Logothetis, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Dana E. Rathkopf, Howard I. Scher, Sidney Kimmel Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; David C. Smith, Maha Hussain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Daniel J. George, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Ethan M. Basch, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Celestia S. Higano, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Andrea L. Harzstark, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Christian Scheffold, A. Douglas Laird, Frauke Schimmoller, Exelixis, South San Francisco, CA; A. Oliver Sartor, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; Michael S. Gordon, Pinnacle Oncology Hematology, Scottsdale, AZ; Naomi B. Haas, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Johann S. de Bono, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Sweeney
authors.affiliation: Matthew R. Smith, Massachusettes General Hospital; Christopher J. Sweeney, Aymen Elfiky, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Paul G. Corn, Christopher J. Logothetis, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Dana E. Rathkopf, Howard I. Scher, Sidney Kimmel Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; David C. Smith, Maha Hussain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Daniel J. George, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Ethan M. Basch, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Celestia S. Higano, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Andrea L. Harzstark, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Christian Scheffold, A. Douglas Laird, Frauke Schimmoller, Exelixis, South San Francisco, CA; A. Oliver Sartor, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; Michael S. Gordon, Pinnacle Oncology Hematology, Scottsdale, AZ; Naomi B. Haas, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Johann S. de Bono, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Paul G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Corn
authors.affiliation: Matthew R. Smith, Massachusettes General Hospital; Christopher J. Sweeney, Aymen Elfiky, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Paul G. Corn, Christopher J. Logothetis, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Dana E. Rathkopf, Howard I. Scher, Sidney Kimmel Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; David C. Smith, Maha Hussain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Daniel J. George, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Ethan M. Basch, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Celestia S. Higano, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Andrea L. Harzstark, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Christian Scheffold, A. Douglas Laird, Frauke Schimmoller, Exelixis, South San Francisco, CA; A. Oliver Sartor, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; Michael S. Gordon, Pinnacle Oncology Hematology, Scottsdale, AZ; Naomi B. Haas, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Johann S. de Bono, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Dana E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Rathkopf
authors.affiliation: Matthew R. Smith, Massachusettes General Hospital; Christopher J. Sweeney, Aymen Elfiky, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Paul G. Corn, Christopher J. Logothetis, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Dana E. Rathkopf, Howard I. Scher, Sidney Kimmel Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; David C. Smith, Maha Hussain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Daniel J. George, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Ethan M. Basch, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Celestia S. Higano, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Andrea L. Harzstark, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Christian Scheffold, A. Douglas Laird, Frauke Schimmoller, Exelixis, South San Francisco, CA; A. Oliver Sartor, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; Michael S. Gordon, Pinnacle Oncology Hematology, Scottsdale, AZ; Naomi B. Haas, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Johann S. de Bono, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Matthew R. Smith, Massachusettes General Hospital; Christopher J. Sweeney, Aymen Elfiky, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Paul G. Corn, Christopher J. Logothetis, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Dana E. Rathkopf, Howard I. Scher, Sidney Kimmel Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; David C. Smith, Maha Hussain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Daniel J. George, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Ethan M. Basch, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Celestia S. Higano, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Andrea L. Harzstark, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Christian Scheffold, A. Douglas Laird, Frauke Schimmoller, Exelixis, South San Francisco, CA; A. Oliver Sartor, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; Michael S. Gordon, Pinnacle Oncology Hematology, Scottsdale, AZ; Naomi B. Haas, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Johann S. de Bono, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Maha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.affiliation: Matthew R. Smith, Massachusettes General Hospital; Christopher J. Sweeney, Aymen Elfiky, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Paul G. Corn, Christopher J. Logothetis, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Dana E. Rathkopf, Howard I. Scher, Sidney Kimmel Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; David C. Smith, Maha Hussain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Daniel J. George, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Ethan M. Basch, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Celestia S. Higano, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Andrea L. Harzstark, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Christian Scheffold, A. Douglas Laird, Frauke Schimmoller, Exelixis, South San Francisco, CA; A. Oliver Sartor, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; Michael S. Gordon, Pinnacle Oncology Hematology, Scottsdale, AZ; Naomi B. Haas, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Johann S. de Bono, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: George
authors.affiliation: Matthew R. Smith, Massachusettes General Hospital; Christopher J. Sweeney, Aymen Elfiky, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Paul G. Corn, Christopher J. Logothetis, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Dana E. Rathkopf, Howard I. Scher, Sidney Kimmel Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; David C. Smith, Maha Hussain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Daniel J. George, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Ethan M. Basch, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Celestia S. Higano, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Andrea L. Harzstark, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Christian Scheffold, A. Douglas Laird, Frauke Schimmoller, Exelixis, South San Francisco, CA; A. Oliver Sartor, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; Michael S. Gordon, Pinnacle Oncology Hematology, Scottsdale, AZ; Naomi B. Haas, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Johann S. de Bono, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Celestia S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Higano
authors.affiliation: Matthew R. Smith, Massachusettes General Hospital; Christopher J. Sweeney, Aymen Elfiky, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Paul G. Corn, Christopher J. Logothetis, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Dana E. Rathkopf, Howard I. Scher, Sidney Kimmel Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; David C. Smith, Maha Hussain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Daniel J. George, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Ethan M. Basch, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Celestia S. Higano, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Andrea L. Harzstark, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Christian Scheffold, A. Douglas Laird, Frauke Schimmoller, Exelixis, South San Francisco, CA; A. Oliver Sartor, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; Michael S. Gordon, Pinnacle Oncology Hematology, Scottsdale, AZ; Naomi B. Haas, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Johann S. de Bono, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Andrea L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Harzstark
authors.affiliation: Matthew R. Smith, Massachusettes General Hospital; Christopher J. Sweeney, Aymen Elfiky, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Paul G. Corn, Christopher J. Logothetis, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Dana E. Rathkopf, Howard I. Scher, Sidney Kimmel Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; David C. Smith, Maha Hussain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Daniel J. George, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Ethan M. Basch, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Celestia S. Higano, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Andrea L. Harzstark, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Christian Scheffold, A. Douglas Laird, Frauke Schimmoller, Exelixis, South San Francisco, CA; A. Oliver Sartor, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; Michael S. Gordon, Pinnacle Oncology Hematology, Scottsdale, AZ; Naomi B. Haas, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Johann S. de Bono, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: A Oliver
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Sartor
authors.affiliation: Matthew R. Smith, Massachusettes General Hospital; Christopher J. Sweeney, Aymen Elfiky, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Paul G. Corn, Christopher J. Logothetis, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Dana E. Rathkopf, Howard I. Scher, Sidney Kimmel Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; David C. Smith, Maha Hussain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Daniel J. George, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Ethan M. Basch, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Celestia S. Higano, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Andrea L. Harzstark, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Christian Scheffold, A. Douglas Laird, Frauke Schimmoller, Exelixis, South San Francisco, CA; A. Oliver Sartor, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; Michael S. Gordon, Pinnacle Oncology Hematology, Scottsdale, AZ; Naomi B. Haas, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Johann S. de Bono, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Nicholas J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Vogelzang
authors.affiliation: Matthew R. Smith, Massachusettes General Hospital; Christopher J. Sweeney, Aymen Elfiky, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Paul G. Corn, Christopher J. Logothetis, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Dana E. Rathkopf, Howard I. Scher, Sidney Kimmel Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; David C. Smith, Maha Hussain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Daniel J. George, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Ethan M. Basch, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Celestia S. Higano, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Andrea L. Harzstark, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Christian Scheffold, A. Douglas Laird, Frauke Schimmoller, Exelixis, South San Francisco, CA; A. Oliver Sartor, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; Michael S. Gordon, Pinnacle Oncology Hematology, Scottsdale, AZ; Naomi B. Haas, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Johann S. de Bono, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.affiliation: Matthew R. Smith, Massachusettes General Hospital; Christopher J. Sweeney, Aymen Elfiky, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Paul G. Corn, Christopher J. Logothetis, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Dana E. Rathkopf, Howard I. Scher, Sidney Kimmel Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; David C. Smith, Maha Hussain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Daniel J. George, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Ethan M. Basch, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Celestia S. Higano, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Andrea L. Harzstark, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Christian Scheffold, A. Douglas Laird, Frauke Schimmoller, Exelixis, South San Francisco, CA; A. Oliver Sartor, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; Michael S. Gordon, Pinnacle Oncology Hematology, Scottsdale, AZ; Naomi B. Haas, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Johann S. de Bono, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Johann S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: de Bono
authors.affiliation: Matthew R. Smith, Massachusettes General Hospital; Christopher J. Sweeney, Aymen Elfiky, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Paul G. Corn, Christopher J. Logothetis, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Dana E. Rathkopf, Howard I. Scher, Sidney Kimmel Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; David C. Smith, Maha Hussain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Daniel J. George, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Ethan M. Basch, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Celestia S. Higano, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Andrea L. Harzstark, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Christian Scheffold, A. Douglas Laird, Frauke Schimmoller, Exelixis, South San Francisco, CA; A. Oliver Sartor, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; Michael S. Gordon, Pinnacle Oncology Hematology, Scottsdale, AZ; Naomi B. Haas, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Johann S. de Bono, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Naomi B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Haas
authors.affiliation: Matthew R. Smith, Massachusettes General Hospital; Christopher J. Sweeney, Aymen Elfiky, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Paul G. Corn, Christopher J. Logothetis, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Dana E. Rathkopf, Howard I. Scher, Sidney Kimmel Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; David C. Smith, Maha Hussain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Daniel J. George, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Ethan M. Basch, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Celestia S. Higano, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Andrea L. Harzstark, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Christian Scheffold, A. Douglas Laird, Frauke Schimmoller, Exelixis, South San Francisco, CA; A. Oliver Sartor, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; Michael S. Gordon, Pinnacle Oncology Hematology, Scottsdale, AZ; Naomi B. Haas, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Johann S. de Bono, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Logothetis
authors.affiliation: Matthew R. Smith, Massachusettes General Hospital; Christopher J. Sweeney, Aymen Elfiky, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Paul G. Corn, Christopher J. Logothetis, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Dana E. Rathkopf, Howard I. Scher, Sidney Kimmel Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; David C. Smith, Maha Hussain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Daniel J. George, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Ethan M. Basch, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Celestia S. Higano, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Andrea L. Harzstark, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Christian Scheffold, A. Douglas Laird, Frauke Schimmoller, Exelixis, South San Francisco, CA; A. Oliver Sartor, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; Michael S. Gordon, Pinnacle Oncology Hematology, Scottsdale, AZ; Naomi B. Haas, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Johann S. de Bono, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Aymen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Elfiky
authors.affiliation: Matthew R. Smith, Massachusettes General Hospital; Christopher J. Sweeney, Aymen Elfiky, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Paul G. Corn, Christopher J. Logothetis, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Dana E. Rathkopf, Howard I. Scher, Sidney Kimmel Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; David C. Smith, Maha Hussain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Daniel J. George, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Ethan M. Basch, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Celestia S. Higano, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Andrea L. Harzstark, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Christian Scheffold, A. Douglas Laird, Frauke Schimmoller, Exelixis, South San Francisco, CA; A. Oliver Sartor, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; Michael S. Gordon, Pinnacle Oncology Hematology, Scottsdale, AZ; Naomi B. Haas, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Johann S. de Bono, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Scheffold
authors.affiliation: Matthew R. Smith, Massachusettes General Hospital; Christopher J. Sweeney, Aymen Elfiky, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Paul G. Corn, Christopher J. Logothetis, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Dana E. Rathkopf, Howard I. Scher, Sidney Kimmel Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; David C. Smith, Maha Hussain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Daniel J. George, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Ethan M. Basch, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Celestia S. Higano, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Andrea L. Harzstark, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Christian Scheffold, A. Douglas Laird, Frauke Schimmoller, Exelixis, South San Francisco, CA; A. Oliver Sartor, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; Michael S. Gordon, Pinnacle Oncology Hematology, Scottsdale, AZ; Naomi B. Haas, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Johann S. de Bono, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: A Douglas
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Laird
authors.affiliation: Matthew R. Smith, Massachusettes General Hospital; Christopher J. Sweeney, Aymen Elfiky, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Paul G. Corn, Christopher J. Logothetis, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Dana E. Rathkopf, Howard I. Scher, Sidney Kimmel Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; David C. Smith, Maha Hussain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Daniel J. George, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Ethan M. Basch, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Celestia S. Higano, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Andrea L. Harzstark, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Christian Scheffold, A. Douglas Laird, Frauke Schimmoller, Exelixis, South San Francisco, CA; A. Oliver Sartor, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; Michael S. Gordon, Pinnacle Oncology Hematology, Scottsdale, AZ; Naomi B. Haas, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Johann S. de Bono, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Frauke
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schimmoller
authors.affiliation: Matthew R. Smith, Massachusettes General Hospital; Christopher J. Sweeney, Aymen Elfiky, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Paul G. Corn, Christopher J. Logothetis, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Dana E. Rathkopf, Howard I. Scher, Sidney Kimmel Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; David C. Smith, Maha Hussain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Daniel J. George, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Ethan M. Basch, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Celestia S. Higano, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Andrea L. Harzstark, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Christian Scheffold, A. Douglas Laird, Frauke Schimmoller, Exelixis, South San Francisco, CA; A. Oliver Sartor, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; Michael S. Gordon, Pinnacle Oncology Hematology, Scottsdale, AZ; Naomi B. Haas, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Johann S. de Bono, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Ethan M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Basch
authors.affiliation: Matthew R. Smith, Massachusettes General Hospital; Christopher J. Sweeney, Aymen Elfiky, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Paul G. Corn, Christopher J. Logothetis, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Dana E. Rathkopf, Howard I. Scher, Sidney Kimmel Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; David C. Smith, Maha Hussain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Daniel J. George, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Ethan M. Basch, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Celestia S. Higano, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Andrea L. Harzstark, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Christian Scheffold, A. Douglas Laird, Frauke Schimmoller, Exelixis, South San Francisco, CA; A. Oliver Sartor, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; Michael S. Gordon, Pinnacle Oncology Hematology, Scottsdale, AZ; Naomi B. Haas, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Johann S. de Bono, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Howard I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Scher
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000813:Anilides / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009360:Neoplastic Cells, Circulating; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D064129:Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011725:Pyridines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D000813:Anilides; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011725:Pyridines; C558660:cabozantinib; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen