title: Comparative analysis of SIV-specific cellular immune responses induced by different vaccine platforms in rhesus macaques.
abstract: To identify the most promising vaccine candidates for combinatorial strategies, we compared five SIV vaccine platforms including recombinant canary pox virus ALVAC, replication-competent adenovirus type 5 host range mutant RepAd, DNA, modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA), peptides and protein in distinct combinations. Three regimens used viral vectors (prime or boost) and two regimens used plasmid DNA. Analysis at necropsy showed that the DNA-based vaccine regimens elicited significantly higher cellular responses against Gag and Env than any of the other vaccine platforms. The T cell responses induced by most vaccine regimens disseminated systemically into secondary lymphoid tissues (lymph nodes, spleen) and effector anatomical sites (including liver, vaginal tissue), indicative of their role in viral containment at the portal of entry. The cellular and reported humoral immune response data suggest that combination of DNA and viral vectors elicits a balanced immunity with strong and durable responses able to disseminate into relevant mucosal sites.
authors.affiliation: Human Retrovirus Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Valentin
authors.affiliation: FACS Core Facility, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: McKinnon
authors.affiliation: Human Retrovirus Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Jinyao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Human Retrovirus Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Margherita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rosati
authors.affiliation: Human Retrovirus Pathogenesis Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Viraj
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
authors.affiliation: Human Retrovirus Pathogenesis Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Guy R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Pilkington
authors.affiliation: Human Retrovirus Pathogenesis Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Jenifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bear
authors.affiliation: Human Retrovirus Pathogenesis Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Candido
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alicea
authors.affiliation: Immune Biology of Retroviral Infection Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Diego A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Vargas-Inchaustegui
authors.affiliation: Immune Biology of Retroviral Infection Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jean Patterson
authors.affiliation: Animal Models and Retroviral Vaccine Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Poonam
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pegu
authors.affiliation: Animal Models and Retroviral Vaccine Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Namal P M
authors.initials: NPM
authors.lastname: Liyanage
authors.affiliation: Animal Models and Retroviral Vaccine Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Shari N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.affiliation: Animal Models and Retroviral Vaccine Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vaccari
authors.affiliation: Molecular Immunogenetics and Vaccine Research Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Yichuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Molecular Immunogenetics and Vaccine Research Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Alison E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Hogg
authors.affiliation: Molecular Immunogenetics and Vaccine Research Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Blake
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Frey
authors.affiliation: Molecular Immunogenetics and Vaccine Research Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Yongjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sui
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Steven G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Reed
authors.affiliation: Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Blue Bell, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Niranjan Y
authors.initials: NY
authors.lastname: Sardesai
authors.affiliation: Molecular Immunogenetics and Vaccine Research Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Jay A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Berzofsky
authors.affiliation: Animal Models and Retroviral Vaccine Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Genoveffa
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Franchini
authors.affiliation: Immune Biology of Retroviral Infection Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Marjorie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Robert-Guroff
authors.affiliation: Human Retrovirus Pathogenesis Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA. Electronic address: Barbara.felber@nih.gov.
authors.forename: Barbara K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Felber
authors.affiliation: Human Retrovirus Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA. Electronic address: george.pavlakis@nih.gov.
authors.forename: George N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Pavlakis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000276:immunology*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral; D014765:Viral Vaccines
keywords: Cellular immune response; DNA; Pox virus ALVAC MVA; Prime-boost vaccination; Protein