title: Approaching the vulnerability of refugees: evaluation of cross-cultural psychiatric training of staff in mental health care and refugee reception in Sweden.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study evaluates the outcomes of cross-cultural mental health training given to professionals in health care and refugee reception in Stockholm, Sweden.
  
  
  METHODS
  A mixed method approach, with quantitative data from questionnaires (n = 232) and ten qualitative focus group interviews, was used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After training, the participants reported that the hindering effect of lack of knowledge on their work decreased significantly from 2.81 (SD1.22) before, to 2.29 (SD1.00) (p < 0.001). Focus group interviews contributed to an understanding of this. According to findings from focus group interviews, after training, the participants shifted from emphasising communication barriers towards empathy with refugees with mental ill-health.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Training resulted in an increased experienced capacity among participants to understand the social vulnerability of newly-arrived refugees with mental distress. However, the lack of collaboration and the structural barriers between the different organisations were not affected.
authors.affiliation: Transcultural Centre, Stockholm County Council & Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. sofie.baarnhielm@sll.se.
authors.forename: Sofie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bäärnhielm
authors.forename: Ann-Sofie
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Edlund
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ioannou
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dahlin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D054521:Cultural Competency / Q000193:education*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000208:ethnology; D008605:Mental Health Services; D011570:Psychiatry / Q000193:education*; D012036:Refugees / Q000523:psychology*; D013548:Sweden; D035862:Vulnerable Populations / Q000523:psychology