title: Malaria and HIV infection in Mozambican pregnant women are associated with reduced transfer of antimalarial antibodies to their newborns.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Malaria and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection during pregnancy affect the transplacental transfer of antibodies against several pathogens from mother to fetus, although the effect of malaria and HIV infection on the transfer of antimalarial antibodies remains unclear.
  
  
  METHODS
  Levels of total immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM), and IgG subtypes against the following Plasmodium falciparum antigens were measured in 187 pairs of mother-cord plasma specimens from Mozambique: 19-kDa fragment of merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP119), erythrocyte binding antigen 175 (EBA175), apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA1), and parasite lysate. Placental antibody transfer was defined as the cord-to-mother ratio (CMR) of antibody levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Maternal malaria was associated with reduced CMR of EBA175 IgG (P = .014) and IgG1 (P = .029), AMA1 IgG (P = .002), lysate IgG1 (P = .001), and MSP1 IgG3 (P = .01). Maternal HIV was associated with reduced CMR of MSP1 IgG1 (P = .022) and IgG3 (P = .023), lysate IgG1 (P = .027) and IgG3 (P = .025), AMA1 IgG1 (P = .001), and EBA175 IgG3 (P = .001). Decreased CMR was not associated with increased adverse pregnancy outcomes or augmented risk of malaria in the infant during the first year of life.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Placental transfer of antimalarial antibodies is reduced in pregnant women with malaria and HIV infection. However, this decrease does not contribute to an increased risk of malaria-associated morbidity during infancy.
authors.affiliation: Barcelona Center for International Health Research.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Moro
authors.affiliation: Barcelona Center for International Health Research Centro de Investigaçao em Saúde da Manhiça.
authors.forename: Azucena
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bardají
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigaçao em Saúde da Manhiça.
authors.forename: Tacilta
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nhampossa
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigaçao em Saúde da Manhiça.
authors.forename: Inacio
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mandomando
authors.affiliation: Barcelona Center for International Health Research.
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Serra-Casas
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigaçao em Saúde da Manhiça Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Ministry of Health, Maputo, Mozambique.
authors.forename: Betuel
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sigaúque
authors.affiliation: Barcelona Center for International Health Research.
authors.forename: Pau
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cisteró
authors.affiliation: International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Virander S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Chauhan
authors.affiliation: International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Chetan E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Chitnis
authors.affiliation: Barcelona Center for International Health Research Department of Pathology, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Jaume
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ordi
authors.affiliation: Barcelona Center for International Health Research Centro de Investigaçao em Saúde da Manhiça.
authors.forename: Carlota
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dobaño
authors.affiliation: Barcelona Center for International Health Research Centro de Investigaçao em Saúde da Manhiça.
authors.forename: Pedro L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Alonso
authors.affiliation: Barcelona Center for International Health Research Centro de Investigaçao em Saúde da Manhiça.
authors.forename: Clara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Menéndez
authors.affiliation: Barcelona Center for International Health Research Centro de Investigaçao em Saúde da Manhiça.
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mayor
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000097:blood*; D060085:Coinfection / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000276:immunology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000276:immunology*; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D009073:Mozambique; D011247:Pregnancy; D015597:Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000821:virology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan
keywords: HIV; antibody; malaria; placenta; pregnancy; transfer