title: The birth of modern criminology and gendered constructions of homosexual criminal identity.
abstract: There is a dearth of engagement with LGBTQ populations, and sexual orientation and gender identity more broadly, in the field of criminology. This article analyzes the treatment of sexual orientation and gender identity at the birth of the discipline around the 1870 s. Through an analysis of Cesare Lombroso's writings, the article argues that a multifaceted stigma of deviance attached to homosexuality and gender nonconformity in early criminological theory. The article explains this multifaceted stigma in terms of broader political, social, cultural, and legal developments before and during the late nineteenth century that shaped modern Western conceptions of sexual orientation and gender identity.
authors.affiliation: a Institute of Criminology and Faculty of Law , University of Cambridge , Cambridge , UK.
authors.forename: Jordan Blair
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Woods
mesh_terms: D003418:Criminology / Q000266:history; D005260:Female; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006716:Homosexuality / Q000266:history / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010262:Paraphilic Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D011582:Psychological Theory; D013240:Stereotyping
keywords: biology; crime; criminology; history; homosexuality; medicine; sodomy