title: Abdominal paracentesis drainage ahead of percutaneous catheter drainage benefits patients attacked by acute pancreatitis with fluid collections: a retrospective clinical cohort study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided abdominal paracentesis drainage ahead of percutaneous catheter drainage as the new second step of a step-up approach are evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  The observed parameters were compared between groups including mortality, infection, organ failure, inflammatory factor levels, indexes of further interventions, and drainage-related complications.
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective study included 102 consecutive patients with acute pancreatitis from June 2009 to June 2011.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this step-up approach, all patients subsequently received medical management, percutaneous catheter drainage (with or without previous abdominal paracentesis drainage), and necrosectomy if necessary according to indications. The patients were divided into two groups: 53 cases underwent abdominal paracentesis drainage followed by percutaneous catheter drainage (abdominal paracentesis drainage + percutaneous catheter drainage group) and 49 cases were managed only with percutaneous catheter drainage (percutaneous catheter drainage-alone group).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The demographic data and severity scores of the two groups were comparable. The mortality rate was lower in the abdominal paracentesis drainage + percutaneous catheter drainage group (0%) than the percutaneous catheter drainage-alone group (8.2%) (p = 0.050). Compared with the percutaneous catheter drainage-alone group, the laboratory variables of the abdominal paracentesis drainage + percutaneous catheter drainage group decreased more rapidly, the mean number of failed organs was lower, and the interval from the onset of disease to further interventions was much longer. However, there was no significant difference in the prevalence and duration of infections between the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Application of abdominal paracentesis drainage ahead of percutaneous catheter drainage is safe and beneficial to patients by reducing inflammatory factors, postponing further interventions, and delaying or avoiding multiple organ failure.
authors.affiliation: 1General Surgery Center of PLA, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China. 2Department of Oncology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.
authors.forename: Wei-hui
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Li-na
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Li-ye
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jin-heng
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chuan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Hong-tao
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Xiao-bo
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Fu-qiang
authors.initials: FQ
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Li-jun
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D018806:APACHE; D034841:Abdominal Cavity; D000208:Acute Disease; D004322:Drainage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009102:Multiple Organ Failure / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D019152:Paracentesis / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional / Q000379:methods