title: Balance function and sensory integration after mild traumatic brain injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examined the disparities in balance functions and sensory integration in patients with mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBIs) and healthy controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and seven patients with mTBI and 107 age- and sex-matched controls were recruaited for this study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Symptoms of dizziness, balance functions and the ability to perform daily activities were assessed using the dizziness handicap inventory (DHI). This study also performed the postural-stability test and a modified clinical test of sensory integration by using the Biodex Stability System (BBS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  DHI scores (functional, emotional, physical and total self-reported scores) were substantially increased in patients following an mTBI compared with the scores of the controls (p < 0.000). The postural-stability test indices (anterior-posterior) (p = 0.045) and the sensory-integration test index (eyes-open-firm-surface index) (p = 0.006) were substantially lower in patients with mTBI than in the controls. However, indices of two other postural-stability test indices (overall and medial-lateral) and three other sensory-integration tests indices (eyes-closed-firm-surface, eyes-open-foam-surface and eyes-closed-foam-surface) measured for the mTBI group did not differ from those of the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Activities of daily living, balance in postural stability and sensory integration were strongly impaired in patients with mTBI.
authors.affiliation: a Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang-Ming University , Taiwan ROC .
authors.forename: Li-Fong
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Tsan-Hon
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Liou
authors.forename: Chaur-Jong
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Hon-Ping
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Ju-Chi
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Ou
authors.forename: Yung-Hsiao
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.forename: Wen-Ta
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.forename: Shin-Han
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Woei-Chyn
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Chu
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000328:Adult; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004244:Dizziness / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D004856:Postural Balance / Q000502:physiology*; D057566:Self Report; D012677:Sensation / Q000502:physiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Balance function; mild traumatic brain injury; postural stability; sensory integration