title: Fluorescence activated enrichment of CD146+ cells during expansion of human bone-marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cells augments proliferation and GAG/DNA content in chondrogenic media.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  While numerous subpopulations of BM-MSCs have been identified, the relevance of these findings regarding the functional properties remains mostly unclear. With regards to attempts of enhancing differentiation results by preselecting certain MSC subtypes, we have evaluated the efficiency of CD146 purification during expansion, and evaluated whether these measures enhanced MSC differentiation results.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human MSCs were derived from bone marrow of six donors and cultured in two different culture media. After P1, MSCs were purified by either magnetic or fluorescence sorting for CD146, with unsorted cells as controls. Growth characteristics and typical MSC surface markers were assessed from P0 to P3. After P3, chondrogenic, osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation potential were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Despite a high variability of CD146 expression among the donors, fluorescence sorting significantly increased the number of CD146+ cells compared to control MSCs, while magnetic sorting led to a lesser enrichment. Osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation potential was not affected by the sorting process. However, FACS-sorted cells showed significantly increased GAG/DNA content after chondrogenic differentiation compared to control MSCs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FACS sorting of CD146+ cells was more efficient than magnetic sorting. The underlying mechanism of increased GAG/DNA content after enrichment during expansion remains unclear, but may be linked to increased proliferation rates in these cells.
authors.forename: Sebastien
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hagmann
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Frank
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gotterbarm
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dreher
authors.forename: Volker
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Eckstein
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Schlierbacher Landstrasse 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany. babakmoradi@gmx.de.
authors.forename: Babak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Moradi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000378:metabolism; D051929:CD146 Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000502:physiology*; D002469:Cell Separation / Q000379:methods; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D020219:Chondrogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D003470:Culture Media / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000379:methods; D015750:Genes, gag / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D051929:CD146 Antigen; D003470:Culture Media; C497902:MCAM protein, human