title: Variations in apolipoprotein D and sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1 genes with relation to risk, severity and outcome of ischemic stroke.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In experimental studies, the apolipoprotein D (APOD) and the sigma receptor type 1 (SIGMAR1) have been related to processes of brain damage, repair and plasticity.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined blood samples from 3081 ischemic stroke (IS) patients and 1595 control subjects regarding 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the APOD (chromosomal location 3q29) and SIGMAR1 (chromosomal location 9p13) genes to find possible associations with IS risk, IS severity (NIHSS-score) and recovery after IS (modified Rankin Scale, mRS, at 90 days). Simple/multiple logistic regression and Spearman's rho were utilized for the analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the SNPs analyzed, rs7659 within the APOD gene showed a possible association with stroke risk (OR = 1.12; 95% CI: 1.01-1.25; P = 0.029) and stroke severity (NIHSS ≥ 16) (OR = 0.70; 95% CI: 0.54-0.92; P = 0.009) when controlling for age, sex and vascular risk factors for stroke. No SNP showed an association with stroke recovery (mRS).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that the SNP rs7659 within the APOD gene might be related to risk and severity of ischemic stroke in patients.
authors.forename: Håkan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lövkvist
authors.forename: Ann-Cathrin
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Jönsson
authors.forename: Holger
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Luthman
authors.forename: Katarina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jood
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jern
authors.forename: Tadeusz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wieloch
authors.forename: Arne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lindgren
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D053399:Apolipoproteins D / Q000235:genetics*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D017480:Receptors, sigma / Q000235:genetics*; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012042:Registries / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012306:Risk; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020521:Stroke / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult; D000097605:Sigma-1 Receptor
chemical_list: D053399:Apolipoproteins D; D017480:Receptors, sigma; D000097605:Sigma-1 Receptor