title: Insights into deep-sea sediment fungal communities from the East Indian Ocean using targeted environmental sequencing combined with traditional cultivation.
abstract: The fungal diversity in deep-sea environments has recently gained an increasing amount attention. Our knowledge and understanding of the true fungal diversity and the role it plays in deep-sea environments, however, is still limited. We investigated the fungal community structure in five sediments from a depth of ∼ 4000 m in the East India Ocean using a combination of targeted environmental sequencing and traditional cultivation. This approach resulted in the recovery of a total of 45 fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and 20 culturable fungal phylotypes. This finding indicates that there is a great amount of fungal diversity in the deep-sea sediments collected in the East Indian Ocean. Three fungal OTUs and one culturable phylotype demonstrated high divergence (89%-97%) from the existing sequences in the GenBank. Moreover, 44.4% fungal OTUs and 30% culturable fungal phylotypes are new reports for deep-sea sediments. These results suggest that the deep-sea sediments from the East India Ocean can serve as habitats for new fungal communities compared with other deep-sea environments. In addition, different fungal community could be detected when using targeted environmental sequencing compared with traditional cultivation in this study, which suggests that a combination of targeted environmental sequencing or traditional cultivation alone. This study is the first to report new insights into the fungal communities in deep-sea sediments environmental sequencing and traditional cultivation will generate a more diverse fungal community in deep-sea environments than using either from the East Indian Ocean, which increases our knowledge and understanding of the fungal diversity in deep-sea environments.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Material Medical, South China sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese academy of sciences, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-yong
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Material Medical, South China sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese academy of sciences, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Gui-ling
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Material Medical, South China sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese academy of sciences, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xin-ya
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Material Medical, South China sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese academy of sciences, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xu-hua
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Nong
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Material Medical, South China sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese academy of sciences, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Shu-hua
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Qi
mesh_terms: D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics; D005658:Fungi / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000382:microbiology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009792:Oceans and Seas; D010802:Phylogeny
chemical_list: D004275:DNA, Ribosomal