title: Differential modification of enalapril in the kidneys of lean and 'programmed' obese male young rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated whether enalapril treatment could have beneficial effects on nutritionally-programmed renal changes in postnatally overfed young rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three or 10 male pups per mother were assigned to either the Obese or Lean groups during the first 21 days of life. These pups were treated with enalapril (Obese enalapril, OE; Lean enalapril, LE) or vehicle (Obese control, OC; Lean control, LC) between 15 and 28 days. All pups had their kidneys examined at 29 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  OC pups weighed more than those in the LC group between 7 and 28 days of age (P<0.05). Enalapril reduced body weights in rats from both the Obese and Lean groups between 22 and 28 days (P<0.05). Renal cell proliferation and apoptosis, glomerulosclerosis, and tubulointerstitial fibrosis were all increased by enalapril (P<0.05). Among the groups, renal cell apoptosis and serum creatinine were the highest in OE pups (P<0.05). Enalapril treatment resulted in contrasting molecular expression profiles involved in renal maturation and repair in the kidneys of the rats from the Lean and Obese groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Enalapril can differentially modulate renal molecular alterations in lean and postnatally overfed rats and may be not beneficial in obese young male rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyung Eun
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Yim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: guroped@korea.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Kee Hwan
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: In Sun
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young Sook
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Joo Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004656:Enalapril / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005355:Fibrosis; D005923:Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental / Q000209:etiology; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D009395:Nephritis, Interstitial / Q000209:etiology; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D004656:Enalapril; D003404:Creatinine
keywords: Angiotensin II; Extracellular matrix; Growth and development; Overnutrition; Regeneration