title: The effect of perinatal anxiety on bronchiolitis is influenced by polymorphisms in ROS-related genes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Exposure to perinatal anxiety affects disease susceptibility in offspring but studies on the association between perinatal anxiety and gene polymorphisms are lacking. This study aimed to elucidate the interaction between perinatal anxiety and polymorphisms in antioxidant defense and innate immunity genes on the development of respiratory tract infections (RTIs) during early infancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Trait anxiety levels in 440 women were assessed by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory during late gestation. The occurrence of RTIs, including bronchiolitis, during the first year of life was assessed by parent-reported doctor diagnosis. Polymorphisms in glutathione S-transferase P-1 (GSTP1, rs1695) and CD14 (rs2569190) were genotyped using the TaqMan assay. Copy number variations of GSTT1 were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Exposure to high levels of perinatal anxiety increased the risk of bronchiolitis in the first year of life (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.30; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.00-1.80), in particular among children with the AG + GG genotype of GSTP1 or the GSTT1 null genotype (aOR 3.36 and 2.79). In infants with the TC + CC genotype of CD14, high levels of perinatal anxiety were associated with an increased risk of upper RTI, lower RTI, and bronchiolitis (aOR 2.51, 4.60, and 4.31, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Perinatal maternal anxiety levels affect the occurrence of bronchiolitis in offspring. The effect of perinatal anxiety on the occurrence of bronchiolitis during infancy was influenced by genetic polymorphisms in antioxidant defense and innate immunity genes.
authors.forename: Eun
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hyoung Yoon
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Kyung-Sook
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Dong In
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.forename: Ho-Sung
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Mi-Jin
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: In Ae
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Jinah
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Kyung Won
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Youn Ho
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Kang Mo
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Ja-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Suk-Joo
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Kyung-Ju
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hye-Sung
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Won
authors.forename: Song I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Young-Ho
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Hyung Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ju-Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Ji-Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Byoung-Ju
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hyo-Bin
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: So-Yeon
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Eun-Jin
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Joo-Shil
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Katherine M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Keyes
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Research Center for Standardization of Allergic Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea. yjshin@yuhs.ac.
authors.forename: Yee-Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Soo-Jong
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Hong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000276:immunology / Q000523:psychology*; D001988:Bronchiolitis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi / Q000235:genetics*; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics*; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000276:immunology; D058725:Peripartum Period / Q000523:psychology; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011247:Pregnancy; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; C413545:glutathione S-transferase T1; C496556:GSTP1 protein, human; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi; D005982:Glutathione Transferase