title: Accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy for small cell carcinoma of the nasopharynx.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to report the treatment outcome of a patient with nasopharyngeal small cell carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  The patient received concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Chemotherapy consisted of 4 cycles of cisplatin and etoposide. Accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy (RT) was performed with a dose of 45 Gy in 30 fractions over 3 weeks for the nasopharynx and upper neck region, whereas conventional fractionated RT was performed with a dose of 50 Gy in 25 fractions over 5 weeks for the lower neck region.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Complete response was achieved 1 month after the completion of CRT. Prophylactic cranial irradiation was not performed. Isolated brain metastasis was diagnosed 18 months after the completion of CRT. Finally, the patient died because of the brain and cord metastases 32 months after the completion of CRT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The administration of prophylactic cranial irradiation may be considered for nasopharyngeal small cell carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Kagawa University Hospital, Kagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Takenori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyashita
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hoshikawa
authors.forename: Reiji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Haba
authors.forename: Taro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Togami
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shibata
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D059248:Chemoradiotherapy; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019583:Dose Fractionation, Radiation; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D005047:Etoposide; D002945:Cisplatin
keywords: accelerated hyperfractionation; cisplatin and etoposide regimen; concurrent chemoradiation; small cell carcinoma; twice daily