title: The association between selenium and lipid levels: a longitudinal study in rural elderly Chinese.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A protective effect of selenium on lipid levels has been reported in populations with relatively low selenium status. However, recent studies found that high selenium exposure may lead to adverse cardiometabolic effects, particularly in selenium-replete populations. We examined the associations of selenium status with changes in lipid levels in a 7-year follow up of an elderly Chinese cohort including participants from selenium-deplete areas.
  
  
  METHODS
  Study population consisted of 140 elderly Chinese aged 65 or older with nail selenium levels measured at baseline (2003-2005). Lipid concentrations were measured in fasting blood samples collected at baseline and the 7-year follow-up (2010-2012). Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) models was used to determine the association between baseline selenium status and changes in lipid levels from baseline to follow-up adjusting for other covariates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean (±standard deviation) baseline selenium concentration was 0.41±0.2mg/kg. In prospective analysis, we found that individuals in the highest selenium quartile group showed 1.11 SD decrease on total-cholesterol (p<0.001), 0.41 SD increase on HDL-cholesterol (p<0.001) and 0.52 SD decrease on triglyceride after 7 years than those in the lowest selenium quartile group. The similar trends were seen with significant lipid changes in the 2nd and 3rd quartile groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Selenium has modest beneficial effects on blood lipid levels in a population with relatively low selenium status. Our result suggests adequate dietary selenium intake as a potential prevention strategy for lowering lipid levels in selenium deplete populations.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yinlong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
authors.forename: Frederick W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Unverzagt
authors.affiliation: Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yibin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
authors.forename: Ann M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Hake
authors.affiliation: Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Chaoke
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Liqin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jingyi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Shandong Institute for Prevention and Treatment of Endemic Disease in China, Jinan, China.
authors.forename: Jianchao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bian
authors.affiliation: Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention in China, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States. Electronic address: sgao@iupui.edu.
authors.forename: Sujuan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D044466:Asian People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012424:Rural Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012643:Selenium / Q000097:blood*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D008055:Lipids; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol; D012643:Selenium
keywords: Elderly Chinese; Lipids; Selenium