title: Urban adolescent girls' perspectives on romantic relationships: initiation, involvement, negotiation, and conflict.
abstract: The purpose of this paper was to describe romantic relationships from the perspective of urban, adolescent girls, to address gaps in our understanding of their relationship dimensions. Minority adolescent girls (n  =  17) participated in private semi-structured interviews aimed to elicit the understanding of the adolescents' perspectives on their own relationship experiences and dynamics. The research team conducted conventional content analysis of the interview transcripts. Four major themes emerged about romantic relationships: (1) influence of male pursuit and social norms on relationship initiation factors; (2) a romantic partner is a confidant, friend, and companion; (3) negotiating intimacy respectfully; and (4) relationship conflict through control and abuse. Adolescents described sub-themes of social norms of male pursuit and relationship pressures that dictated relationship initiation. Relationships were depicted by emotional support, caring, and companionship. Adolescents described positive negotiation skills. However, relationship conflict, including controlling behaviors and violence, was illustrated in these same relationships. This study provides a rich description of romantic relationships from the perspectives of urban, adolescent girls. Most salient findings included social pressures and a combination of both positive and negative attributes. Implications include the need for intervention development at the community level to address social pressures, recognition of positive adolescent relationship attributes, and facilitation of skills to identify and address low-quality relationship characteristics.
authors.affiliation: University at Buffalo, School of Nursing, Buffalo, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Ellen M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Volpe
authors.forename: Mercedes M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Morales-Alemán
authors.forename: Anne M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Teitelman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D005260:Female; D005783:Gender Identity; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D000066511:Intimate Partner Violence / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology; D008149:Love; D008913:Minority Groups / Q000523:psychology*; D017008:Negotiating / Q000523:psychology; D009518:New York; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D014505:Urban Population