title: Energy concentration and amino acid digestibility in corn and corn coproducts from the wet-milling industry fed to growing pigs.
abstract: Two experiments were conducted to determine DE and ME and the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of CP and AA in corn and corn coproducts (high-fat corn germ [HFCG], corn bran, liquid corn extractives [LCE], and a mixture of corn germ meal and LCE [CGM-LCE]) fed to growing pigs. In Exp. 1, 40 growing barrows (initial BW: 33.4 ± 5.77 kg) were housed individually in metabolism cages and randomly allotted to 1 of 5 diets. A corn-based diet (97.4% corn) and 4 diets that contained both corn and each of the corn coproducts were formulated. Each diet was fed to 8 pigs. Feces and urine samples were collected using the marker to marker method with 5-d adaptation and 5-d collection periods. The DE and ME were calculated using the difference procedure. The concentrations of DE and ME in HFCG, corn bran, LCE, and CGM-LCE were less (P < 0.05) than in corn. Among corn coproducts, the concentration of DE in HFCG was greater (P < 0.05) than in corn bran, but the DE in corn bran was not different from DE values in LCE and CGM-LCE. No differences were observed in the ME concentrations among corn coproducts. In Exp. 2, 6 growing barrows (initial BW: 96.6 ± 1.16 kg) with a T-cannula in the distal ileum were randomly allotted to a 6 × 6 Latin square design with 6 diets and 6 periods. A N-free diet and 5 diets that contained corn, HFCG, corn bran, LCE, or CGM-LCE as the sole source of CP and AA were formulated. Each period lasted 7 d and ileal digesta were collected on d 6 and 7 of each period. The SID of CP and all indispensable AA was greater (P < 0.05) in corn than in all corn coproducts with the exception that the SID of Lys in corn was not different from the SID of Lys in HFCG, and the SID of Trp in corn was also not different from the SID of Trp in CGM-LCE. Among corn coproducts, the SID of CP, Arg, and Lys were greater (P < 0.05) in HFCG and CGM-LCE than in corn bran, the SID of Lys and Val was greater (P < 0.05) in LCE than in corn bran, and the SID of Arg was greater (P < 0.05) in HFCG and CGM-LCE than in LCE, but for the remaining indispensable AA, no differences among corn coproducts were observed. In conclusion, the corn coproducts used in these experiments contain less ME and have reduced SID of most AA compared with corn, but there are no differences in ME among corn coproducts and only few differences in the SID of indispensable AA among HFCG, corn bran, LCE, and CGM-LCE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.
authors.forename: F N
authors.initials: FN
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.affiliation: Archer Daniels Midland Company, Decatur, IL 62521.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Tilton
authors.affiliation: Archer Daniels Midland Company, Decatur, IL 62521.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Cecava
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801 hstein@illinois.edu.
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Stein
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis*; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D004063:Digestion / Q000502:physiology*; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D007082:Ileum / Q000378:metabolism; D034421:Sus scrofa / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D013552:Swine; D003313:Zea mays / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids
keywords: amino acid digestibility; corn bran; corn germ; energy; liquid corn extractives; pigs