title: Guided bone regeneration produced by new mineralized and reticulated collagen membranes in critical-sized rat calvarial defects.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the bone regenerative effect of glutaraldehyde (GA) cross-linking on mineralized polyanionic collagen membranes in critical-sized defects on rat calvarias. Bone calvarial defects were induced in Wistar rats, which were then divided into five groups: a sham group; a control group, which received a commercial membrane; and GA, 25GA, and 75GA groups, which received one of three different polyanionic collagen membranes mineralized by 0, 25, or 75 hydroxyapatite cycles and then cross-linked by GA. Bone formation was evaluated based on digital radiography and computerized tomography. Histological analyses were performed 4 and 12 weeks after the surgical procedure to observe bone formation, membrane resorption, and fibrous tissue surrounding the membranes. Measurement of myeloperoxidase activity, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interleukin 1beta production was performed 24 h after surgery. The percentage of new bone formation in the GA, 25GA, and 75GA groups was higher compared with the control and sham groups. In the GA and 25 GA groups, the membranes were still in place and were contained in a thick fibrous capsule after 12 weeks. No significant difference was found among the groups regarding myeloperoxidase activity and interleukin 1beta levels, although the GA, 25GA, and 75GA groups presented decreased levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha compared with the control group. These new GA cross-linked membranes accelerated bone healing of the calvarium defects and did not induce inflammation. In addition, unlike the control membrane, the experimental membranes were not absorbed during the analyzed period, so they may offer advantages in large bone defects where prolonged membrane barrier functions are desirable.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60.430-270, Brazil denusa.verissimo@terra.com.br.
authors.forename: Denusa M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Veríssimo
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60.430-270, Brazil.
authors.forename: Renata F C
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Leitão
authors.affiliation: Physics Department, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60.430-270, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sônia D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Figueiró
authors.affiliation: Physics Department, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60.430-270, Brazil.
authors.forename: Júlio C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Góes
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60.430-270, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vilma
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60.430-270, Brazil.
authors.forename: Charles O
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Silveira
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60.430-270, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gerly A C
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Brito
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D003094:Collagen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017102:Fracture Healing / Q000187:drug effects*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012886:Skull / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries* / Q000378:metabolism; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: C000594089:IL1B protein, rat; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D003094:Collagen; D009195:Peroxidase
keywords: Biomaterial(s); bone regeneration; collagen(s); guided bone regeneration; tissue engineering