title: Selected emerging organic contaminants in the Yangtze Estuary, China: a comprehensive treatment of their association with aquatic colloids.
abstract: Contaminants that are becoming detected in the environment but are not yet generally regulated or monitored are known collectively as emerging contaminants. In the present study, the occurrence and distribution of 42 emerging organic compounds (EOCs) were investigated in the Yangtze River Estuary and adjacent East China Sea coastal areas. Study compounds were mainly pharmaceuticals, including antibiotics, hormones and sterols, and also included two industrial endocrine disruptors. Samples were analyzed using cross-flow ultrafiltration (CFUF) and ultra-performance liquid chromatograph-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Results revealed that chloramphenicols, sulfonamides and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were the dominant compounds in filtered samples with relatively high concentrations and detection frequencies. EOC levels varied with location, with the highest concentrations being observed around rivers discharging into the estuary, and near sewage outfalls. Colloids that were separated by CFUF tended to be a sink for EOCs with up to 60% being colloid-associated in the water phase. In addition, colloidal properties, including hydrodynamic size, zeta-potential and organic carbon composition, were found to be the main factors controlling the association of EOCs with aquatic colloids. Moreover, these colloidal properties were all significantly related to salinity, indicating the critical role played by increasing salinity in EOCs-colloids interaction in an estuarine system.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China.
authors.forename: Caixia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Geosciences, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China; The Center for NanoBioEarth, Department of Geosciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA. Electronic address: yyang@geo.ecnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China.
authors.forename: Junliang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Minghua
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.affiliation: Department of Geosciences, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: The Center for NanoBioEarth, Department of Geosciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
authors.forename: Michael F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Hochella
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003102:Colloids / Q000737:chemistry*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D063366:Estuaries; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000737:chemistry*; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry; D054712:Salinity; D012722:Sewage / Q000737:chemistry; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D014462:Ultrafiltration; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D003102:Colloids; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D012722:Sewage; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Colloid; Emerging organic contaminants (EOCs); Yangtze Estuary