title: Detection of phosphatidylserine exposure on leukocytes following treatment with human galectins.
abstract: Cellular turnover represents a fundamental aspect of immunological homeostasis. While many factors appear to regulate leukocyte removal during inflammatory resolution, recent studies suggest that members of the galectin family play a unique role in orchestrating this process. Unlike cellular removal through apoptotic cell death, several members of the galectin family induce surface expression of phosphatidylserine (PS), a phagocytic marker on cells undergoing apoptosis, in the absence of cell death. However, similar to PS on cells undergoing apoptosis, galectin-induced PS exposure sensitizes cells to phagocytic removal. As galectins appear to prepare cells for phagocytic removal without actually inducing apoptotic cell death, this process has recently been coined preaparesis. Given the unique characteristics of galectin-induced PS exposure in the context of preaparesis, we will examine important considerations when evaluating the potential impact of different galectin family members on PS exposure and cell viability.
authors.affiliation: The Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: Connie M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Arthur
authors.forename: Lilian Cataldi
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: Marcelo Dias
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Baruffi
authors.forename: Harold C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.forename: Richard D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Cummings
authors.forename: Sean R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Stowell
mesh_terms: D017304:Annexin A5 / Q000378:metabolism; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D037161:Galectins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D010718:Phosphatidylserines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013194:Staining and Labeling
chemical_list: D017304:Annexin A5; D037161:Galectins; D010718:Phosphatidylserines