title: Environmental and psycho-social factors related to prostate cancer risk in the Chinese population: a case-control study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the risk environmental and psycho-social factors associated to prostate cancer (PCa) in Chinese population.
  
  
  METHODS
  250 PCa patients and 500 controls were enrolled in this case-control study. Information was collected and logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for relationship between lifestyle, eating habits and psycho-social factors with PCa risk.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Green vegetables and green tea were associated with a decreased risk of PCa (OR=0.39, 95% CI: 0.28-0.53; OR=0.59, 95% CI: 0.40-0.87, respectively). Family history of PCa (OR=7.16, 95% CI: 2.01-25.49), history of prostate diseases (OR=2.28, 95% CI: 1.53-3.41), alcohol consumption (OR=1.97, 95% CI: 1.33-2.90), red meat consumption (OR=1.74, 95% CI: 1.20-2.52), barbecued (OR=2.29, 95% CI: 1.11-4.73) or fried (OR=2.35, 95% CI: 1.24-4.43) foods were related with increased PCa risk. Negative psycho-social factors including occupational setbacks (OR=1.61, 95% CI: 1.00-2.59), marital separation (OR=1.94, 95% CI: 1.29-2.91), self-contained suffering (OR=2.37, 95% CI: 1.58-3.55), and high sensitivity to the personal comments (OR=1.73, 95% CI: 1.18-2.54) were related to PCa.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Regular consumption of green vegetables and green tea may suggest protective effects on PCa. Alcohol consumption, red meat consumption and barbecued or fried foods were associated with PCa. Negative psycho-social factors may also play a role in the incidence of PCa in Chinese population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Secondary Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Mei Ling
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Secondary Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Ji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Jian Guo
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
authors.forename: Xin Gang
authors.initials: XG
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Secondary Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Zhabei District, Shanghai 200072, China.
authors.forename: Xing Xing
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of pathology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Yong Wei
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Yangpu District, Shanghai 200090, China.
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Guo Min
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Jian Ming
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
authors.forename: Dan Feng
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology-Research, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Timothy C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Secondary Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Guang Wen
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Secondary Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Hong Wei
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000818:Animals; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005502:Food / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications
keywords: Case-control study; Dietary factors; Lifestyle; Prostate cancer; Psycho-social factors