title: Mixtec Mexican Amerindians: an HLA alleles study for America peopling, pharmacogenomics and transplantation.
abstract: HLA-A, -B and -DRB1 alleles have been studied in a Mixtec Mexican Amerindian population by indirect DNA sequencing. HLA relatedness has been tested by comparing results with other Amerindians and worldwide populations; a total of 15,681 chromosomes have been used. Genetic distances between populations, Neighbour Joining (NJ) dendrograms and correspondence analyses have been carried out. Conclusions are: 1) Our Mixtec sample from Oaxaca Coastal Mexican area shows an HLA profile different to that of Oaxaca Central Mountains area showing that genes and languages do not correlate which is inferred both by plane genetic distances and NJ dendrograms and correspondence analyses. 2) Genetic distances and NJ dendrograms join together Mazatecan Mexican Amerindians with our studied Coastal Mixtec group; it fits with the historical relationship between Mixtec and Mazatecans. 3) A*24:02-B*35:14-DRB1*04:11, A*02:01-B*15:15-DRB1*04:11 and A*68:03-B*39:08-DRB1*08:02 extended HLA haplotypes have been "de novo" found in our Mixtec Coastal sample. 4) Shared HLA alleles are found between our Pacific Coast Mixtec Amerindians and Pacific Islanders. 5) These results are useful for establishing a future area transplantation waiting list, for the study of HLA linked diseases epidemiology and for pharmacogenomics in certain drug therapy.
authors.affiliation: Departament of Immunology, University Complutense, Madrid Regional Blood Center, Hospital 12 de Octubre , Madrid , Spain .
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arnaiz-Villena
authors.forename: Gilberto
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vargas-Alarcón
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Areces
authors.forename: Mercedes
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Enríquez-de-Salamanca
authors.forename: Sedeka
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abd-El-Fatah-Khalil
authors.forename: Mercedes
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fernández-Honrado
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Marco
authors.forename: José Manuel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Martín-Villa
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rey
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000235:genetics*; D015234:HLA-A Antigens / Q000235:genetics*; D015235:HLA-B Antigens / Q000235:genetics*; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains / Q000235:genetics*; D006650:Histocompatibility Testing; D006801:Humans; D008800:Mexico / Q000208:ethnology; D016377:Organ Transplantation; D010597:Pharmacogenetics
chemical_list: D015234:HLA-A Antigens; D015235:HLA-B Antigens; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains
keywords: America Peopling; Amerindian; HLA; Mexican; Mixtec; Pacific Islanders; pharmacogenomics; transplantation