title: Kidney diseases in Roma and non-Roma children from eastern Slovakia: are Roma children more at risk?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the occurence of primary renal diseases (PRD) in Roma and non-Roma children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data on all outpatients (n = 921) from a tertiary pediatric nephrology centre (<19 years) in eastern Slovakia were collected. We assessed early signs and symptoms and PRD for Roma and non-Roma children.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The proportion of Roma among patients was relatively small regarding early signs like proteinuria but large regarding PRD with gross clinically apparent symptoms (e.g. Alport syndrome, p < 0.01 and systemic lupus erythematosus, p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The overall proportion of Roma children in outpatients with kidney problems is smaller than the estimated proportion of Roma in all children in Slovakia, in particular for early signs, but not for major renal diseases.
authors.affiliation: Paediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Safarik University, Tr. SNP 1, 040 11, Kosice, Slovak Republic, gabriel.kolvek@upjs.sk.
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kolvek
authors.forename: Ludmila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Podracka
authors.forename: Jaroslav
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rosenberger
authors.forename: Roy E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: Jitse P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: van Dijk
authors.forename: Sijmen A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Reijneveld
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000208:ethnology*; D008297:Male; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000208:ethnology; D012307:Risk Factors; D006178:Romani People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D018154:Slovakia / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult