title: Recommended foods for male infertility in Iranian traditional medicine.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Male infertility accounts for 30-50% of all infertilities among couples. Iranian traditional medicine (ITM) stressed the importance of nutrition in the prevention and treatment of male infertility. Many Iranian traditional physicians have described the traits of specific foods for prevention and treatment of male infertility.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To explore the principles and roles of foods recommended by ITM scientists in prevention and treatment of male infertility as well as enlisting all the recommended foods for treating this problem addressed through the ITM original resources written between 815 and 1901.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this review study specific data related to the subject among all referral ITM texts was extracted firstly, and then the collected data were analyzed using inductive content analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The analysis of data revealed that foods that enhance sexual performance must have 3 properties; they should be warm in nature, very nutritious, and flatulent. Foods that are warm in nature and nutritious affect the quality and quantity of semen. A food having the third trait of being flatulent is required to complete sexual performance by creating an erection. Foods with only one of these traits must be consumed with another food that has the other trait. This study also provided a list of foods that can enhance the quality and increase the quantity of semen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Foods that can enhance sexual performance and the quality and quantity of semen can be recommended to male patients who suffer from infertility in medical centers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Iranian Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nejatbakhsh
authors.affiliation: Department of Iranian Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Esmaeil
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nazem
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Islamic and Complementary Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ashrafeddin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goushegir
authors.affiliation: Department of Iranian Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Mahdi
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Isfahani
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nikbakht Nasrabadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Iranian Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Marzieh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baygom Siahpoosh
keywords: Iranian traditional medicine; Male infertility; Nutrition; Sexual dysfunction