title: Necroptosis: an emerging type of cell death in liver diseases.
abstract: Cell death has been extensively evaluated for decades and it is well recognized that pharmacological interventions directed to inhibit cell death can prevent significant cell loss and can thus improve an organ's physiological function. For long, only apoptosis was considered as a sole form of programmed cell death. Recently necroptosis, a RIP1/RIP3-dependent programmed cell death, has been identified as an apoptotic backup cell death mechanism with necrotic morphology. The evidences of necroptosis and protective effects achieved by blocking necroptosis have been extensively reported in recent past. However, only a few studies reported the evidence of necroptosis and protective effects achieved by inhibiting necroptosis in liver related disease conditions. Although the number of necroptosis initiators is increasing; however, interestingly, it is still unclear that what actually triggers necroptosis in different liver diseases or if there is always a different necroptosis initiator in each specific disease condition followed by specific downstream signaling molecules. Understanding the precise mechanism of necroptosis as well as counteracting other cell death pathways in liver diseases could provide a useful insight towards achieving extensive therapeutic significance. By targeting necroptosis and/or other parallel death pathways, a significant cell loss and thus a decrement in an organ's physiological function can be prevented.
authors.affiliation: Waqar Khalid Saeed, Dae Won Jun, Department of Gastroenterology, Hanyang University School of Medicine, Seoul 133-070, South Korea.
authors.forename: Waqar Khalid
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Saeed
authors.affiliation: Waqar Khalid Saeed, Dae Won Jun, Department of Gastroenterology, Hanyang University School of Medicine, Seoul 133-070, South Korea.
authors.forename: Dae Won
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Jun
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009336:Necrosis; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D053422:Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D053422:Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
keywords: Apoptosis; Cell death; Liver disease; Necroptosis; Programmed necrosis