title: Hypothalamic control of bone metabolism.
abstract: Bones are structures in vertebrates that provide support to organs, protect soft organs, and give them shape and defined features, functions that are essential for their survival. To perform these functions, bones are constantly renewed throughout life. The process through which bones are renewed is known as bone remodeling, an energy demanding process sensitive to changes in energy homeostasis of the organism. A close interplay takes place between the diversity of nutritional cues and metabolic signals with different elements of the hypothalamic circuits to co-ordinate energy metabolism with the regulation of bone mass. In this review, we focus on how mouse and human genetics have elucidated the roles of hormonal signals and neural circuits that originate in, or impinge on, the hypothalamus in the regulation of bone mass. This will help to understand the mechanisms whereby regulation of bone is gated and dynamically regulated by the hypothalamus.
authors.affiliation: Systems Biology of Bone Laboratory, Department of Mouse and Zebrafish Genetics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge CB10 1SA, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Kunal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sharan
authors.affiliation: Systems Biology of Bone Laboratory, Department of Mouse and Zebrafish Genetics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge CB10 1SA, United Kingdom; Sanger Mouse Genetics Project, Department of Mouse and Zebrafish Genetics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge CB10 1SA, United Kingdom. Electronic address: vy1@sanger.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Vijay K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Yadav
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism*; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000378:metabolism; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000378:metabolism*; D020738:Leptin / Q000378:metabolism; D009478:Neuropeptide Y / Q000378:metabolism; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020738:Leptin; D009478:Neuropeptide Y
keywords: bone; brainstem; leptin; serotonin; sympathetic tone