title: A multifunctional nanoplatform for imaging, radiotherapy, and the prediction of therapeutic response.
abstract: Gold nanoparticles have garnered interest as both radiosensitzers and computed tomography (CT) contrast agents. However, the extremely high concentrations of gold required to generate CT contrast is far beyond that needed for meaningful radiosensitization, which limits their use as combined therapeutic-diagnostic (theranostic) agents. To establish a theranostic nanoplatform with well-aligned radiotherapeutic and diagnostic properties for better integration into standard radiation therapy practice, a gold- and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (SPION)-loaded micelle (GSM) is developed. Intravenous injection of GSMs into tumor-bearing mice led to selective tumoral accumulation, enabling magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of tumor margins. Subsequent irradiation leads to a 90-day survival of 71% in GSM-treated mice, compared with 25% for irradiation-only mice. Furthermore, measurements of the GSM-enhanced MR contrast are highly predictive of tumor response. Therefore, GSMs may not only guide and enhance the efficacy of radiation therapy, but may allow patients to be managed more effectively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, 210 S. 33rd Street, 240 Skirkanich Hall, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Casey
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: McQuade
authors.forename: Ajlan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al Zaki
authors.forename: Yaanik
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Desai
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vido
authors.forename: Timothy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakhuja
authors.forename: Zhiliang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Hickey
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Joh
authors.forename: So-Jung
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kao
authors.forename: Jay F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Dorsey
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tsourkas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D053903:DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded / Q000187:drug effects; D003911:Dextrans / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging; D005260:Female; D006046:Gold / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D008819:Mice, Nude; D008823:Micelles; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D011878:Radiotherapy; D014018:Tissue Distribution / Q000187:drug effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D003911:Dextrans; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D008823:Micelles; D011108:Polymers; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents; D006046:Gold; C065507:ferumoxides
keywords: gold; iron oxide; magnetic resonance; nanoparticles; radiation therapy