title: The effect of Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei L. casei W8® on blood levels of triacylglycerol is independent of colonisation.
abstract: Gut microbiota (GM) dysbiosis has been linked to obesity and its metabolic complications such as cardiovascular disease (CVD). The risk of developing CVD increases with elevated concentration of serum triacylglycerol (TAG). In a blinded, randomised two-arm parallel human intervention study we have previously found that four weeks of supplementation with Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei L. casei W8® (L. casei W8) compared to placebo reduced the concentration of TAG in 64 young healthy adults, an effect, likely mediated by a decreased stearoyl- CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) activity. In the present study we analysed faecal samples obtained during the intervention study to investigate whether this effect was related to the ability of L. casei W8 to colonise the human gut after supplementation of L. casei W8 (1010 cfu daily) as determined by qPCR specific for L. paracasei and L. casei (L. casei group); whether L. casei W8 consumption affected GM composition as determined by 16S rRNA gene targeted 454/FLX amplicon sequencing; and whether these changes were associated with changes in TAG concentration and SCD1 activity. Faecal samples were collected at baseline, after four weeks supplementation and two weeks after the supplementation was ended, and fasting blood samples were collected at baseline and after 4 weeks. Four weeks supplementation with L. casei W8 did not affect the overall composition of the GM; however, an increase in the relative abundance of the L. casei group from 8.48×10-6% of the total GM compared to 2.83×10-3% at baseline (P<0.001) was observed. Two weeks after supplementation ended, the relative abundance of the L. casei group was still increased 14 times compared to before the intervention (P<0.01). However, neither the increase in the abundance of the L. casei group nor overall GM composition correlated with changes in blood lipids or SCD1 activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Nørre Alle 51, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Bjerg
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 30, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Sørensen
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 30, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Krych
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Nørre Alle 51, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Astrup
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Nørre Alle 51, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kristensen
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 30, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Nielsen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D007780:Lacticaseibacillus casei / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019936:Probiotics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase / Q000378:metabolism; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014280:Triglycerides; C523776:SCD1 protein, human; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase
keywords: gut microbiota; probiotic; pyrosequencing; qPCR; triacylglycerol