title: Calcium and magnesium physiology and nutrition in relation to the prevention of milk fever and tetany (dietary management of macrominerals in preventing disease).
abstract: Dairy cows may suffer events of hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia, commonly known as milk fever and tetany. Milk fever is characterized by hypocalcemia at parturition as a consequence of a sudden increase in Ca demand and an unavoidable delay in Ca metabolism adaptation. Tetany is due to impaired Mg absorption from the rumen that cannot be compensated by absorptive or excretory adaptation, resulting in a net nutritional shortage of Mg and culminating in hypomagnesemia. Prevention strategies require triggering the activation of Ca gastrointestinal absorption and avoiding factors limiting ruminal Mg absorption.
authors.affiliation: Nutreco Ruminant Research Centre, Nutreco Research & Development, Veerstraat 38, 5831JN Boxmeer, The Netherlands. Electronic address: javier.martin-tereso@nutreco.com.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martín-Tereso
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Physiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Free University of Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, Berlin 14163, Germany.
authors.forename: Holger
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Martens
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003612:Dairying / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006996:Hypocalcemia / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D008274:Magnesium / Q000378:metabolism*; D010319:Parturient Paresis / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011247:Pregnancy; D013746:Tetany / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D008274:Magnesium; D002118:Calcium
keywords: Adaptation; Calcium; Hypocalcemia; Hypomagnesemia; Magnesium; Milk fever; Prevention; Tetany