title: The neural correlates of belief-bias inhibition: the impact of logic training.
abstract: Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) was used to investigate the brain activity associated with response change in a belief bias paradigm before and after logic training. Participants completed two sets of belief biased reasoning tasks. In the first set they were instructed to respond based on their empirical beliefs, and in the second - following logic training - they were instructed to respond logically. The comparison between conflict problems in the second scan versus in the first scan revealed differing activation for the left inferior frontal gyrus, left middle frontal gyrus, cerebellum, and precuneus. The scan was time locked to the presentation of the minor premise, and thus demonstrated effects of belief-logic conflict on neural activation earlier in the time course than has previously been shown in fMRI. These data, moreover, indicated that logical training results in changes in brain activity associated with cognitive control processing.
authors.affiliation: Education College, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Junlong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Education College, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xiaochen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: College of Education and Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, China; School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: luo831023@163.com.
authors.forename: Entao
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Centre for Psychological Research, University of Derby, Derby, UK. Electronic address: E.J.N.Stupple@derby.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Edward J N
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Stupple
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping; D003469:Culture; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000502:physiology; D059907:Functional Neuroimaging; D006801:Humans; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D008128:Logic; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D013850:Thinking / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Belief-bias; Dual-process; Event-related fMRI; Inhibition; Logical training