title: Short-term traffic related exposures and biomarkers of nitro-PAH exposure and oxidative DNA damage.
abstract: Exposure to vehicle exhaust has been associated with cardiac and respiratory disease, lung cancer, and greater overall mortality. We investigated whether amino- polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (amino-PAH) metabolites of nitro-PAHs could be used as biomarkers of these exposures. Pre- and post-shift urine samples were collected at the beginning and end of a work week from 82 male U.S trucking industry workers. We used repeated-measures analysis to examine associations of total 1- and 2-aminonaphthalene (1 & 2-AN) and 1-aminopyrene (1-AP) urinary concentrations with microenvironment exposures to particulate matter (PM2.5), elemental and organic carbon, and between 1&2-AN and 1-AP with urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). There was an association between work week mean PM2.5levels and post-shift 1 & 2-AN, [141.8 pg/ml increase (95% CI:53.3, 230.2) for each IQR increase (5.54 µg/m3) in PM2.5,] but no associations with other exposure measures. There was a statistically significant increase in 8-OHdG concentrations with 1 & 2-AN (2.38 µg/mg creatinine (95%CI: 0.19, 4.58) per 242.85 pg/mg creatinine increase in 1 & 2-AN), and suggestive associations with all other exposure measures. Our findings suggest associations between urinary amino-PAHs with vehicle exhaust related PM2.5as well as with a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA ; Division of Environmental Health Sciences, UC Berkeley School of Public Health, Berkeley, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Andreas M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Neophytou
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA ; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's and Hospital Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Jaime E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Hart
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Nicholas School of the Environment, & Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University Durham, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Junfeng Jim
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Section, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA ; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Garshick
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA ; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's and Hospital Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Francine
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Laden
keywords: biomarkers; nitro-PAHs; oxidative stress; traffic emissions