title: Comparison of combined and sequential surgery for proliferative diabetic retinopathy: a single surgeon study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the results of combined and consecutive surgeries to treat proliferative diabetic retinopathy and cataract.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective comparative study. Forty-one patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) were enrolled. Twenty-nine eyes for the combined surgery group and twelve eyes for the sequential group were included. All surgeries were performed by one surgeon. Phacoemulsification was performed using a clear cornea incision. The vitrectomy was performed using a 20-gauge vitreous cutter.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and intra- and post-operative complications were the main outcome measures. In the combined surgery group, the BCVA increased in 18 (62.1%) eyes, while eight (27.6%) eyes remained stable and three (10.3%) eyes decreased. Postoperative complications included fibrinous exudation in nine eyes, macular edema in three eyes and vitreous hemorrhage in three eyes. In the sequential surgery group, the BCVA increased in seven (58.3%) eyes, remained the same in four (33.3%) eyes and was reduced in one (8.3%) eye. Postoperative complications included macular edema in two eyes, neovascular glaucoma in two eyes and vitreous hemorrhage in one eye.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both combined and sequential surgeries are safe and effective for treating PDR and cataracts. The combined surgery had a higher incidence of fibrinous exudation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; Chinese People's Liberation Army 451 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008269:Macular Edema / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014792:Visual Acuity; D014821:Vitrectomy; D014823:Vitreous Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human