title: Screening triclocarban and its transformation products in river sediment using liquid chromatography and high resolution mass spectrometry.
abstract: An analytical method was developed and validated for the target screening of triclosan (TCS), triclocarban (TCC) and its lesser and higher chlorinated congeners namely, 4,4'-dichlorocarbanilide (DCC) 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorocarbanilide (3-Cl-TCC) and 2,3',4,4'-tetrachlorocarbanilide (2-Cl-TCC) in river sediment. Sediment samples were extracted by pressurized liquid extraction and quantification and identification of target compounds were carried by liquid chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). The overall method recoveries were 89% with relative standard deviations below 6%. Method detection limits ranged from 0.01 to 0.12 ng/g. The usefulness of the method was demonstrated on sediment samples collected downstream of three wastewater treatment plants in an attempt to provide with a set of occurrence data of these biocides in France and for a better understanding of their fate in river. Major results are the following: TCC, DCC and 3-Cl-TCC were ubiquitously detected demonstrating that these emerging contaminants have been probably overlooked in France. Reductive dechlorination of TCC into DCC was also ubiquitous but predominated in anoxic sediment. 3-Cl-TCC is probably more persistent than TCC and LC-HRMS enabled the detection and identification of a suite of other chlorinated biocides in river sediment.
authors.affiliation: UMR HydroSciences 5569, Montpellier Université, 15 Avenue Ch. Flahault, 34093 Montpellier cedex 5, France; Veolia Recherche et Innovation, 36, Avenue Kleber, 75116 Paris 16ème arrondissement, France.
authors.forename: Marine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Souchier
authors.affiliation: Veolia Recherche et Innovation, 36, Avenue Kleber, 75116 Paris 16ème arrondissement, France.
authors.forename: Dalel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Benali-Raclot
authors.affiliation: Veolia Recherche et Innovation, 36, Avenue Kleber, 75116 Paris 16ème arrondissement, France.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Benanou
authors.affiliation: Veolia Recherche et Innovation, 36, Avenue Kleber, 75116 Paris 16ème arrondissement, France.
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Boireau
authors.affiliation: UMR HydroSciences 5569, Montpellier Université, 15 Avenue Ch. Flahault, 34093 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gomez
authors.affiliation: UMR HydroSciences 5569, Montpellier Université, 15 Avenue Ch. Flahault, 34093 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Casellas
authors.affiliation: UMR HydroSciences 5569, Montpellier Université, 15 Avenue Ch. Flahault, 34093 Montpellier cedex 5, France. Electronic address: Serge.Chiron@msem.univ-montp2.fr.
authors.forename: Serge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chiron
mesh_terms: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000032:analysis*; D002224:Carbanilides / Q000032:analysis*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005602:France; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry*; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D002224:Carbanilides; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C009540:triclocarban
keywords: High resolution mass spectrometry; Reductive dechlorination; Sediment; Tetrachlorocarbanilides; Triclocarban