title: Regulation of constitutive neutrophil apoptosis due to house dust mite allergen in normal and allergic rhinitis subjects.
abstract: House dust mite (HDM) is a primary allergen in allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma. Neutrophil apoptosis is associated with allergic diseases and innate immunity to infection. The present study examined how HDM affects constitutive neutrophil apoptosis in normal and AR subjects. Total IgE increased in AR subjects when compared to normal subjects, and patients with AR were HDM-specific IgE positive (+), which is specific IgE to Dermatophagoides pteronissinus and Dermatophagoides farinae. In normal and AR subjects, neutrophil apoptosis was inhibited by extract of Dermatophagoides pteronissinus (DP), but not by extract of Dermatophagoides farina (DF). Aprotinin (serine protease inhibitor) and E64 (cysteine protease inhibitor) have no effect on neutrophil apoptosis due to DP. The anti-apoptotic effect of DP was blocked by TLR4i, an inhibitor of TLR4, rottlerin, an inhibitor of PKCδ, PD98059, an inhibitor of ERK, and BAY-11-7085, an inhibitor of NF-κB. DP induced PKCδ, ERK, and NF-κB activation in a time-dependent manner. DP inhibited the cleavage of procaspase 3 and procaspase 9. The expression of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, G-CSF, GM-CSF, and CCL2 increased in the supernatant collected from the normal and AR neutrophils after DP treatment and the supernatant inhibited the apoptosis of normal and AR neutrophils. In summary, DP has anti-apoptotic effects on neutrophils of normal and AR subjects through the TLR4/PKCδ/ERK/NF-κB pathway, and this finding may contribute to solution of the pathogenic mechanism of allergic diseases triggered by DP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Hye
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Wonkwang Health Science University, Iksan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Sook
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Na Rae
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Senior Healthcare, BK21 plus program, Graduated School, Eulji University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Yeop
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.affiliation: Department of Senior Healthcare, BK21 plus program, Graduated School, Eulji University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Jeong
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Soo Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Department of Senior Healthcare, BK21 plus program, Graduated School, Eulji University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: In Sik
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000485:Allergens / Q000276:immunology*; D000818:Animals; D039741:Antigens, Dermatophagoides / Q000276:immunology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000276:immunology*; D002648:Child; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D039981:Pyroglyphidae; D065631:Rhinitis, Allergic / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D039741:Antigens, Dermatophagoides; D016207:Cytokines; D007073:Immunoglobulin E