title: Serum lipoprotein changes in dogs with renal disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  People with renal disease develop a dyslipidemia that contributes to progression of renal injury and development of cardiovascular disease. Lipoproteins in dogs with renal disease have not been investigated.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Dogs with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have dyslipidemia characterized by increased lower density lipoproteins and decreased high-density lipoproteins (HDLs). The degree of dyslipidemia is positively correlated with severity of disease, as reflected by serum creatinine concentration.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study of client-owned dogs presented to the Cornell University Hospital for Animals: 29 dogs with confirmed CKD, 5 dogs with nephrotic syndrome (NS), and 12 healthy control dogs presented for routine vaccinations, dental cleaning, or owned by students.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lipoprotein electrophoresis was used to quantify relative proportions of the 3 main classes of lipoproteins in canine serum: low-density lipoproteins (LDL), very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), and HDL. Serum cholesterol and creatinine concentrations; urinalysis and urine protein-to-creatinine ratio were measured by standard methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Dyslipidemia was consistently found in dogs with CKD and NS and was characterized by a decrease in HDL and variable increases in LDL and VLDL. Dogs with NS had a proportionately greater increase in the VLDL fraction, as compared with dogs with CKD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dyslipidemia similar to that documented in people with renal disease occurs in dogs with CKD, despite serum cholesterol concentrations often being within the reference interval. The contribution of altered lipoproteins to the pathogenesis of renal disease in dogs warrants additional study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Behling-Kelly
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000097:blood*; D004285:Dogs / Q000097:blood; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000097:blood / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000662:veterinary*; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000662:veterinary; D011446:Prospective Studies; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D008074:Lipoproteins; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D003404:Creatinine
keywords: Cholesterol; Chronic kidney disease; Protein-losing nephropathy