title: Advances in molecular markers of germ cell cancer in patients with disorders of sex development.
abstract: The risk of malignant transformation of germ cells, leading to germ cell cancer (GCC) in patients with disorders of sex development, is highly heterogeneous and dependent on a number of parameters, of which the presence of Y-chromosomal material is essential. This chapter describes the networks, both protein-coding and regulatory processes, related to normal gonadal development and GCC, with focus on recent advances of molecular markers for early diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center Rotterdam, Josephine Nefkens Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Yvonne G
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: van der Zwan
authors.forename: Martine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cools
authors.forename: Leendert H J
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Looijenga
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D012734:Disorders of Sex Development / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D009373:Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D019849:Sex Determination Processes / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor