title: The aging kidney: increased susceptibility to nephrotoxicity.
abstract: Three decades have passed since a series of studies indicated that the aging kidney was characterized by increased susceptibility to nephrotoxic injury. Data from these experimental models is strengthened by clinical data demonstrating that the aging population has an increased incidence and severity of acute kidney injury (AKI). Since then a number of studies have focused on age-dependent alterations in pathways that predispose the kidney to acute insult. This review will focus on the mechanisms that are altered by aging in the kidney that may increase susceptibility to injury, including hemodynamics, oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, inflammation and decreased repair.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA. xwxvb@mail.missouri.edu.
authors.forename: Xinhui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Renal Division and Biomedical Engineering Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. jbonventre@hms.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Joseph V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Bonventre
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA. parrishar@health.missouri.edu.
authors.forename: Alan R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Parrish
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D016923:Cell Death; D015897:Comorbidity; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000453:epidemiology; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000503:physiopathology; D007511:Ischemia / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010599:Pharmacokinetics; D011379:Prognosis; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D012038:Regeneration; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D015262:Xenobiotics / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D015262:Xenobiotics