title: Spectral Doppler of the hepatic veins in tricuspid valve disease.
abstract: Spectral Doppler recording of the hepatic veins (HV) provides a semiquantitative assessment of tricuspid regurgitation (TR) severity. It complements findings on two-dimensional echocardiography and color Doppler imaging and helps to discriminate between hemodynamically significant and nonsignificant degree of regurgitation. In this manuscript, we discuss the usefulness of the HV Doppler for the diagnosis of tricuspid valve (TV) disease and provide examples of the various spectral Doppler patterns that assist in the quantification of TR.
authors.affiliation: King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Bahaa M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Fadel
authors.forename: Khaled
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Almulla
authors.forename: Aysha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Husain
authors.forename: Ziad
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Dahdouh
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Di Salvo
authors.forename: Dania
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mohty
mesh_terms: D018618:Echocardiography, Doppler, Color; D006503:Hepatic Veins / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014261:Tricuspid Valve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014262:Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014264:Tricuspid Valve Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*
keywords: Doppler echocardiography; echocardiography; tricuspid regurgitation; tricuspid valve stenosis