title: Halovivax cerinus sp. nov., an extremely halophilic archaeon from a hypersaline lake.
abstract: An extremely halophilic archaeon, strain IC35(T), was isolated from a mud sample of the Aran-Bidgol salt lake in Iran. The novel strain was cream, non-motile, rod-shaped and required at least 2.5 M NaCl, but not MgCl2, for growth. Optimal growth was achieved with 3.4 M NaCl and 0.1 M MgCl2. The optimum pH and temperature for growth were pH 7.0 (grew over a pH range of 6.5-9.0) and 40 °C (grew over a temperature range of 30-50 °C), respectively. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain IC35(T) clustered with species of the genus Halovivax, with sequence similarities of 97.3%, 96.6% and 96.3%, respectively, to Halovivax limisalsi IC38(T), Halovivax asiaticus EJ-46(T) and Halovivax ruber XH-70(T). The rpoB' gene similarities between the novel strain and Halovivax limisalsi IBRC-M 10022(T), Halovivax ruber JCM 13892(T) and Halovivax asiaticus JCM 14624(T) were 90.2 %, 90.2% and 89.9%, respectively. The polar lipid pattern of strain IC35(T) consisted of phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester; six unknown glycolipids and two minor phospholipids were also observed. The only quinone present was MK-8 (II-H2). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 63.2 mol%. DNA-DNA hybridization studies (29% hybridization with Halovivax limisalsi IBRC-M 10022(T)), as well as biochemical and physiological characterization, allowed strain IC35(T) to be differentiated from other species of the genus Halovivax. A novel species, Halovivax cerinus sp. nov., is therefore proposed to accommodate this strain. The type strain is IC35(T) ( = IBRC-M 10256(T) = KCTC 4050(T)).
authors.affiliation: Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Ali
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Amoozegar
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Makhdoumi-Kakhki
authors.affiliation: Microorganisms Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Centre (IBRC), ACECR Tehran, Iran.|Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Maliheh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mehrshad
authors.affiliation: Microorganisms Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Centre (IBRC), ACECR Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mehrnoosh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rasooli
authors.affiliation: Microorganisms Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Centre (IBRC), ACECR Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Seyed Abolhassan Shahzadeh
authors.initials: SAS
authors.lastname: Fazeli
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Inhoffenstraße 7B, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany.
authors.forename: Cathrin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Spröer
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ventosa
mesh_terms: D001482:Base Composition; D019641:DNA, Archaeal / Q000235:genetics; D006216:Halobacteriaceae / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007492:Iran; D060106:Lakes / Q000382:microbiology*; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D054712:Salinity; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D024482:Vitamin K 2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D019641:DNA, Archaeal; D008055:Lipids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D024482:Vitamin K 2; C024223:vitamin MK 8