title: Elevation of Serum Levels of Advanced Glycation End Products in Patients With Non-B or Non-C Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The prevalence of non-B or non-C hepatocellular carcinoma (NBNC-HCC) has been increasing all over the world. Advanced glycation end products (AGE) play a role in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver injury or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined here whether serum levels of AGE were elevated in NBNC-HCC patients compared with NASH subjects without HCC and investigated which anthropometric and clinical variables were independent determinants of AGE.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety NBNC-HCC, 56 NASH, and 27 control subjects underwent a complete history and physical examination, determination of blood chemistries, including AGE levels. Serum levels of AGE were significantly higher in NBNC-HCC patients compared with NASH and control subjects [9.1 ± 2.7, 5.2 ± 1.7, 3.5 ± 1.2 (U/ml), respectively, P < 0.05]. Univariate analysis showed that AGE levels were associated with male (P < 0.05), age (P < 0.01), aspartate aminotransferase (P < 0.05), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) (P < 0.01), HDL-cholesterol (inversely, P < 0.01), fasting plasma glucose (P < 0.01), and HbA1c (P < 0.05). By the use of multiple stepwise regression analysis, age, GGT, and HDL-cholesterol (inversely) remained significant and were independently related to AGE levels (R(2) = 0.406).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present results suggest that AGE might be involved in the pathogenesis of NBNC-HCC, thereby being a biomarker that could discriminate NBNC-HCC from NASH.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.
authors.forename: Sho-ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamagishi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.
authors.forename: Ayako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ojima
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukami
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.affiliation: Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Kanazawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Masayoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hyogo
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aikata
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chayama
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000150:complications*; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced
keywords: AGE; NASH; Non-B or non-C hepatocellular carcinoma