title: [Synthesis and protective effect of ligustrazine intermediates against CoCl2-induced neurotoxicity in differentiated PC12 cell].
abstract: Ligustrazine, one of the major effective components of the Chinese traditional medicinal herb Ligusticum Chuanxiong Hort, has been reported plenty of biological activities, such as protect cardiovascular and cerebrovascular, neuroprotection and anti-tumor, et al. Because of its remarkable effects, studies on structural modification of ligustrazine have attracted much attention. Ligustrazine synthetic derivatives reported in recent decades are mainly derived from four primary intermediates (TMP-COOH, TMP-OH, TMP-NH2, HO-TMP-OH). To explore the neuroprotection activitiy of ligustrazine intermediates, six ligustrazine intermediates (2, 5, 8, 11, 12, 13) were synthesized and their protective effects against CoCl2-induced neurotoxicity in differentiated PC12 cells were studied. The target compounds were prepared via different chemical methods, including oxidation, substitution, esterification and amidation without changing the structure nucleus of ligustrazine. Compared with TMP (EC50 = 56.03 micromol x L(-1)), four compounds (2, 5, 12 and 13) exhibited higher activity (EC50 < 50 micromol x L(-1)) respectively, of which, compound 2 displayed the highest protective effect against the damaged PC12 cells (EC50 = 32.86 micromol x L(-1)), but target compounds 8 and 11 appeared lower activity (EC50 > 70 micromol x L(-1)). By structure-activity relationships analysis, the introduction of carboxyl, amino to the side chain of ligustrazine and appropriately increase the proportion of ligustrazine may contribute to enhance its neuroprotective activity, which provides a reference for the design, synthesis and activity screening of relevant series of ligustrazine derivatives in the future.
authors.forename: Guo-Liang
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Peng-Long
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Jin-Xuan
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Fu-Hao
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Ji-Xiang
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Shen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Mi-Na
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yu-Zhong
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hai-Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Lei
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D060326:Chemistry Techniques, Synthetic; D003035:Cobalt / Q000633:toxicity*; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000737:chemistry; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009498:Neurotoxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D016716:PC12 Cells; D011719:Pyrazines / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D009498:Neurotoxins; D011719:Pyrazines; D003035:Cobalt; C018021:cobaltous chloride; C017953:tetramethylpyrazine