title: Design and in silico evaluation of an intraperitoneal-subcutaneous (IP-SC) artificial pancreas.
abstract: Prandial glucose regulation is a major challenge for the artificial pancreas using subcutaneous insulin (without a feedforward bolus) due to insulin's slow absorption-peak (50-60 min). Intraperitoneal insulin, with a fast absorption peak (20-25 min), has been suggested as an alternative to address these limitations. An artificial pancreas using intraperitoneal insulin was designed and evaluated on 100 in silico subjects and compared with two designs using subcutaneous insulin with and without a feedforward bolus, following the three meal (40-70 g-carbohydrates) evaluation protocol. The design using intraperitoneal insulin resulted in a significantly lower postprandial blood glucose peak (38 mg/dL) and longer time in the clinically accepted region (13%) compared to the design using subcutaneous insulin without a feedforward bolus and comparable results to a subcutaneous feedforward bolus design. This superior regulation with minimal user interaction may improve the quality of life for people with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-5080, USA.|Sansum Diabetes Research Institute, 2219 Bath Street, Santa Barbara, CA 93105-4321, USA.
authors.forename: Justin J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-5080, USA.|Sansum Diabetes Research Institute, 2219 Bath Street, Santa Barbara, CA 93105-4321, USA.
authors.forename: Eyal
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dassau
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-5080, USA.|Sansum Diabetes Research Institute, 2219 Bath Street, Santa Barbara, CA 93105-4321, USA.
authors.forename: Howard
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zisser
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-5080, USA.|Sansum Diabetes Research Institute, 2219 Bath Street, Santa Barbara, CA 93105-4321, USA.
authors.forename: Francis J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Doyle
keywords: Artificial pancreas; Glucose sensor; Insulin pump; Model predictive control; Zone model predictive control