title: Clinical implication of allogenic implantation of adipogenic differentiated adipose-derived stem cells.
abstract: We recently reported that autologous adipogenic differentiated adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) can potentially be used as an effective and safe therapy for soft-tissue regeneration. In the present study, we investigated whether adipogenic differentiated ASCs can be used for allogenic applications to enlarge their therapeutic use. The allogenic immune response of adipogenic differentiated ASCs was investigated by flow cytometry and mixed lymphocyte culture. To determine whether adipogenic differentiated ASCs can form new adipose tissue without immune rejection, these cells were implanted subcutaneously into allo- or xenogenic recipient mice. In addition, the safety of the allogenic implantation of adipogenic differentiated ASCs was explored in a phase I clinical study. Adipogenic differentiated ASCs do not express major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules and costimulatory molecules, and the expression levels of MHC class I decreased after differentiation. In addition, these cells do not elicit an immune response against MHC-mismatched allogenic lymphocytes and formed new adipose tissue without immune rejection in the subcutaneous region of MHC-mismatched mice. Moreover, these cells did not induce clinically significant local and systemic immune responses or adverse events in the subcutaneous region of donor-independent healthy subjects. These results suggest that adipogenic differentiated ASCs can be used as a "universal donor" for soft-tissue engineering in MHC-mismatched recipients.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Global Top5 Program, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Anterogen Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Plastic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Inok
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Global Top5 Program, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Anterogen Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Plastic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sa Ik
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Bang
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Global Top5 Program, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Anterogen Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Plastic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Koo
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Global Top5 Program, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Anterogen Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Plastic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Soo Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Global Top5 Program, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Anterogen Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Plastic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea hha@ewha.ac.kr mhyungk@anterogen.com.
authors.forename: Mihyung
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Global Top5 Program, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Anterogen Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Plastic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea hha@ewha.ac.kr mhyungk@anterogen.com.
authors.forename: Hunjoo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ha
mesh_terms: D050156:Adipogenesis; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D064591:Allografts; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D064593:Heterografts; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism
keywords: Adipogenic differentiated ASCs; Adipose-derived stem cells; Allogenic transplantation; Autologous transplantation; Immunogenicity