title: Super-Refractory Status Epilepticus: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature.
abstract: Super-refractory status epilepticus (SE; ie, SE continuing or recurring despite 24 hours of general anesthesia) is a severe condition with high percentage of mortality and morbidity. Usually, this condition occurs because of serious brain damage; nevertheless, some patients develop super-refractory SE without identifiable etiology. Although not uncommonly encountered in neurointensive care, scientific data on this condition are still lacking in terms of treatment and prognosis. Herein, we report a case of super-refractory SE with recovery after 50 days, despite electroencephalographic (EEG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signs traditionally related to poor prognosis. A review of the literature on super-refractory SE is also presented.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neurology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy leonardo.lapenta@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Leonardo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lapenta
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neurology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Frisullo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neurology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Catello
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vollono
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neurology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Valerio
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Brunetti
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neurology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Nadia Mariagrazia
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Giannantoni
authors.affiliation: Intensive Care Unit, Catholic University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sandroni
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiological Sciences, Catholic University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Di Lella
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neurology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Giacomo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Della Marca
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D013226:Status Epilepticus / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives
keywords: EEG; MRI; epilepsy; status epilepticus; treatment