title: [Karapandzic flap for reconstruction of extensive defects of the lower lip].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To discuss advantages and disadvantages of Karapandzic flap for reconstruction of extensive defects of the lower lip.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two clinical observations and a review of the literature are presented.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Karapandzic flap requires only one operating time. The tissue used to reconstruct the lower lip is very close to the resected lip. The functional result is satisfactory, the lips being continent, allowing speech and feeding. The main advantage of this technique is the preservation of the labial sphincter, which is vascularized, mobile and sensitive. The aesthetic result is acceptable. This flap keeps the vermilion, but with rounded commissures that corrects spontaneously. The main disadvantage of this flap is the microstomia, requiring only rarely further surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Karapandzic flap is a good option for reconstruction of extensive defects of the lower lip. It recreates the labial sphincter, while maintaining its vascularization and innervation. Functionality is maintained, with an aesthetically acceptable result despite the presence of residual microstomia proportional to the defect.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Espitalier
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dréno
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Malard
mesh_terms: D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008046:Lip / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008048:Lip Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D013524:Surgical Flaps