title: Coupling gas chromatography and electronic nose detection for detailed cigarette smoke aroma characterization.
abstract: Aroma characterization of whole cigarette smoke samples using sensory panels or electronic nose (E-nose) devices is difficult due to the masking effect of major constituents and solvent used for the extraction step. On the other hand, GC in combination with olfactometry detection does not allow to study the delicate balance and synergetic effect of aroma solutes. To overcome these limitations a new instrumental set-up consisting of heart-cutting gas chromatography using a capillary flow technology based Deans switch and low thermal mass GC in combination with an electronic nose device is presented as an alternative to GC-olfactometry. This new hyphenated GC-E-nose configuration is used for the characterization of cigarette smoke aroma. The system allows the transfer, combination or omission of selected GC fractions before injection in the E-nose. Principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant factor analysis (DFA) allowed clear visualizing of the differences among cigarette brands and classifying them independently of their nicotine content. Omission and perceptual interaction tests could also be carried out using this configuration. The results are promising and suggest that the GC-E-nose hyphenation is a good approach to measure the contribution level of individual compounds to the whole cigarette smoke.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Chromatography, President Kennedypark 26, B-8500 Kortrijk, Belgium. Electronic address: maria.rambla@richrom.com.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rambla-Alegre
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Chromatography, President Kennedypark 26, B-8500 Kortrijk, Belgium.
authors.forename: Bart
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tienpont
authors.affiliation: Japan Tobacco Inc., Tobacco Science Research Center, 6-2, Umegaoka, Aoba-ku, 227-8512 Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mitsui
authors.affiliation: Japan Tobacco Inc., Tobacco Science Research Center, 6-2, Umegaoka, Aoba-ku, 227-8512 Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Eri
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Masugi
authors.affiliation: Japan Tobacco Inc., Tobacco Science Research Center, 6-2, Umegaoka, Aoba-ku, 227-8512 Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuta
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
authors.affiliation: Japan Tobacco Inc., Tobacco Science Research Center, 6-2, Umegaoka, Aoba-ku, 227-8512 Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Hisanori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nagata
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Chromatography, President Kennedypark 26, B-8500 Kortrijk, Belgium.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: David
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Chromatography, President Kennedypark 26, B-8500 Kortrijk, Belgium.
authors.forename: Pat
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sandra
mesh_terms: D002849:Chromatography, Gas / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D062609:Electronic Nose; D009812:Odorants / Q000032:analysis*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D012903:Smell; D012906:Smoke / Q000032:analysis*; D062789:Tobacco Products
chemical_list: D012906:Smoke
keywords: Aroma compounds; Electronic nose; Gas chromatography; Hyphenation; Tobacco