title: [Botulinum toxin and rejuvenation of the eye].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Treatments with botulinum toxin in the forehead and periorbital areas may induce disappointing or even paradoxical results. Our study, focused on this area aimed at refining injection techniques by analyzing muscular balances and comparing the effect according to injection doses and topography.
  
  
  METHODS
  This experimental study has been carried out in the form of 2 session workshops, with volunteers duly informed of the study contents and giving their informed consent. It was conducted by physicians and surgeons members of SAMCEP* (Société Avancée de Médecine et Chirurgie Esthétique et Plastique). The botulinum toxin was onabotulinumtoxin A. Results were evaluated 15 days after treatment, in regard to global eyebrow position, eyebrow head and tail position; muscle interactions; lines above the eyebrow. Eleven case reports and their results are shown and discussed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study underlines two important insights: muscle balances and "border areas", between orbicularis oculi and corrugator, key features for eyebrow head, and between frontalis and orbicularis oculifor eyebrow tail.
authors.forename: Ch
authors.initials: Ch
authors.lastname: Volpei
authors.forename: M-J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Miniconi
authors.forename: C I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Brunner
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Besins
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Braccini
mesh_terms: D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005123:Eye; D005260:Female; D005546:Forehead; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012060:Rejuvenation; D015361:Rhytidoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D015595:Skin Aging / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A