title: Bacteremia after piezocision.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of transient bacteremia after a piezocision procedure.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample consisted of 30 subjects (24 women, 6 men; mean age, 19.6 ± 0.7 years; range, 18.1-22.4 years) with the American Society of Anesthesiologists' physical status I. All patients had Class I skeletal and dental relationships and had fixed orthodontic treatment with the Damon system. The piezocision surgery was performed 1 week after the placement of the orthodontic appliances in all patients. Two 20-mL venous blood samples were collected before and 30 to 60 seconds after the first microincision using an aseptic technique. The samples were inoculated into BACTEC Plus aerobic and anaerobic blood culture bottles and were assessed in the BACTEC blood culture analyzer (Becton Dickinson Diagnostic Instrument Systems, Sparks, Md). The results were analyzed statistically using the McNemar test, with P <0.05 indicating statistical significance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant difference between the preoperative and postoperative samples was determined with respect to transient bacteremia (P = 0.250). No bacteremia was detected in the pretreatment samples, although Gemella sanguinis, Streptococcus pluranimalium, and Streptococcus mitis/oralis were detected in 3 postoperative blood samples.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The piezocision procedure might be related to transitory bacteremia. Hence, orthodontists should consider the possibility of bacterial endocarditis in at-risk patients when piezocision is part of the treatment plan.
authors.affiliation: Assistant professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Zehra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ileri
authors.affiliation: Assistant professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akin
authors.affiliation: Research assistant, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey. Electronic address: dtaybuke@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Emire Aybuke
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Erdur
authors.affiliation: Assistant professor, Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hatice Turk
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Dagi
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Duygu
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Findik
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000382:microbiology*; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D058834:Gemella / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008311:Malocclusion, Angle Class I / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000379:methods*; D059745:Piezosurgery / Q000379:methods*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013291:Streptococcus / Q000145:classification; D034361:Streptococcus mitis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D019533:Streptococcus oralis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation; D055815:Young Adult