title: Genotype influences sulfur metabolism in broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.) under elevated CO2 and NaCl stress.
abstract: Climatic change predicts elevated salinity in soils as well as increased carbon dioxide dioxide [CO2] in the atmosphere. The present study aims to determine the effect of combined salinity and elevated [CO2] on sulfur (S) metabolism and S-derived phytochemicals in green and purple broccoli (cv. Naxos and cv. Viola, respectively). Elevated [CO2] involved the amelioration of salt stress, especially in cv. Viola, where a lower biomass reduction by salinity was accompanied by higher sodium (Na(+)) and chloride (Cl(-)) compartmentation in the vacuole. Moreover, salinity and elevated [CO2] affected the mineral and glucosinolate contents and the activity of biosynthetic enzymes of S-derived compounds and the degradative enzyme of glucosinolate metabolism, myrosinase, as well as the related amino acids and the antioxidant glutathione (GSH). In cv. Naxos, elevated [CO2] may trigger the antioxidant response to saline stress by means of increased GSH concentration. Also, in cv. Naxos, indolic glucosinolates were more influenced by the NaCl×CO2 interaction whereas in cv. Viola the aliphatic glucosinolates were significantly increased by these conditions. Salinity and elevated [CO2] enhanced the S cellular partitioning and metabolism affecting the myrosinase-glucosinolate system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Nutrition, Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus de Espinardo, Edificio 25, E-Murcia, 30100, Spain.
authors.forename: María del Carmen
authors.initials: Mdel C
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Hernández
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus de Espinardo, Edificio 25, E-Murcia, 30100, Spain.
authors.forename: Diego A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Nutrition, Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus de Espinardo, Edificio 25, E-Murcia, 30100, Spain.
authors.forename: Micaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carvajal
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Nutrition, Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus de Espinardo, Edificio 25, E-Murcia, 30100, Spain mballesta@cebas.csic.es.
authors.forename: María del Carmen
authors.initials: Mdel C
authors.lastname: Martínez-Ballesta
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001937:Brassica / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005838:Genotype; D005961:Glucosinolates / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D054712:Salinity; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D013455:Sulfur / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005961:Glucosinolates; D010940:Plant Proteins; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D013455:Sulfur; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases; C022739:thioglucosidase; D005978:Glutathione
keywords: Brassica oleracea; Elevated [CO2]; Glucosinolates; Myrosinase; Salinity