title: Preparation and characterization of bioadhesive microparticles comprised of low degree of quaternization trimethylated chitosan for nasal administration: effect of concentration and molecular weight.
abstract: Toward the development of microparticulate carriers for nasal administration, N-trimethylchitosan chloride (TMC) of low molecular weight (LMW) and high molecular weight (HMW) and low degree of quaternization (16% and 27%, respectively) was co-formulated into microparticles comprising of dipalmatoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) via the spray-drying technique. The chitosan derivatives were characterized by means of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and Fourier transfrom infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The size and morphology of the produced microparticles were assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), whereas their mucoadhesive properties were investigated by means of atomic force microscopy-force spectroscopy (AFM-FS). The results showed that microparticles exhibit mucoadhesion when TMC is present on their surface above a threshold of TMC (>0.3% w/w).
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki , GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Karavasili
authors.forename: Orestis L
authors.initials: OL
authors.lastname: Katsamenis
authors.forename: Nikolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bouropoulos
authors.forename: Hamde
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nazar
authors.forename: Philipp J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Thurner
authors.forename: Susanna M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: van der Merwe
authors.forename: Dimitrios G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Fatouros
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D048271:Chitosan / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000737:chemistry; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D008863:Microspheres; D008970:Molecular Weight; D010316:Particle Size; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D004573:Electrolytes; C118071:N-trimethyl chitosan chloride; D011108:Polymers; D048271:Chitosan