title: Development of intracanal formulation containing silver nanoparticles.
abstract: This study aimed to synthetize, characterize and evaluate the antimicrobial properties of silver nanoparticles to be used in the development of a root intracanal formulation. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were obtained by reduction of silver nitrate with sodium borohydride and characterized by UV-Visible spectrophotometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The antimicrobial activity of nanoparticle formulation was evaluated by determinations of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) against different bacterial species by the microdilution method, according to recommendations of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Three potential vehicles, hydroxyethylcellulose, Carbomer and polyethylene glycol were tested as carriers for formulations containing AgNPs. The efficiency of the synthesis method chosen to produce AgNPs was demonstrated by four characterization techniques. The nanoparticles showed antibacterial activity against all species tested. Incorporation of AgNPs into all experimental vehicles produced stable formulations but the one in hydroxyethylcellulose presented better physical proprieties. The results indicate that silver nanoparticles are potential antiseptic agents to be used in root canals and incorporation in adequate vehicles may favor a broader application.
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, University of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: João Felipe Bonatto
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Bruniera
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, University of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Yara Teresinha Corrêa
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Silva-Sousa
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, USP - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marilisa Guimarães
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Lara
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, USP - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pitondo-Silva
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, University of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andrea Marcia
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Marcaccini
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, University of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos Eduardo Saraiva
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Miranda
mesh_terms: D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D012834:Silver