title: Design and validation of the INICIARE instrument, for the assessment of dependency level in acutely ill hospitalised patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to establish the validity and reliability of an instrument (Inventario del NIvel de Cuidados mediante IndicAdores de clasificación de Resultados de Enfermería) used to assess the dependency level in acutely hospitalised patients. This instrument is novel, and it is based on the Nursing Outcomes Classification.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Multiple existing instruments for needs assessment have been poorly validated and based predominately on interventions. Standardised Nursing Languages offer an ideal framework to develop nursing sensitive instruments.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional validation study in two acute care hospitals in Spain.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was implemented in two phases. First, the research team developed the instrument to be validated. In the second phase, the validation process was performed by experts, and the data analysis was conducted to establish the psychometric properties of the instrument.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven hundred and sixty-one patient ratings performed by nurses were collected during the course of the research study. Data analysis yielded a Cronbach's alpha of 0·91. An exploratory factorial analysis identified three factors (Physiological, Instrumental and Cognitive-behavioural), which explained 74% of the variance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Inventario del NIvel de Cuidados mediante IndicAdores de clasificación de Resultados de Enfermería was demonstrated to be a valid and reliable instrument based on its use in acutely hospitalised patients to assess the level of dependency.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Inventario del NIvel de Cuidados mediante IndicAdores de clasificación de Resultados de Enfermería can be used as an assessment tool in hospitalised patients during the nursing process throughout the entire hospitalisation period. It contributes information to support decisions on nursing diagnoses, interventions and outcomes. It also enables data codification in large databases.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Malaga, Spain.
authors.forename: José Miguel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Morales-Asencio
authors.forename: Ana María
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Porcel-Gálvez
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Oliveros-Valenzuela
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Gómez
authors.forename: Lucrecia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Extremera
authors.forename: Francisco Andrés
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Serrano-López
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aranda-Gallardo
authors.forename: José Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Canca-Sánchez
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Barrientos-Trigo
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease / Q000451:nursing*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020380:Needs Assessment; D009733:Nursing Diagnosis; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013030:Spain
keywords: dependency; instrument development; nursing assessment; outcomes assessment; patient classification; psychometrics