title: Heel reconstruction with free instep flap: a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Reconstruction of weight-bearing heel defects remains a challenge because of the unique characteristics of the plantar skin. Though numerous surgical reconstructive options have been reported, the instep flap represents an ideal option and seems to be more acceptable to patients than others. However, when the heel defect expands to the instep area, the ipsilateral instep is not available for flap elevation. A free instep flap harvested from the contralateral foot can be a good solution, but this method has been scarcely reported.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 41-year-old Asian man presented to our institution with a soft-tissue lesion in the weight-bearing heel and instep area. His heel was reconstructed with a free instep flap from the other foot, end-to-side anastomosis of its medial plantar artery to the recipient posterior tibial artery and end-to-side coaptation of the cutaneous sensory fascicles of the flap to the medial plantar nerve.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The flap survived successfully, and no ulceration occurred in the flap. At the last follow-up appointment at 30 months post-surgery, a very good functional and aesthetic outcome was verified, indicating that the suggested approach may prove to be the treatment of choice in selected cases of weight-bearing heel reconstruction.
authors.affiliation: Orthopedic Department, General Hospital of Jinan Military Command, No,25, Shifan Road, Jinan 250031, China. doctorliu90@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Lifeng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Xuexin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Xuecheng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Jinfang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018409:Foot Injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D058752:Free Tissue Flaps; D006365:Heel / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*