title: Molecular insights into the development of T cell-based immunotherapy for prostate cancer.
abstract: Using a patient's own immune system to fight cancer is a highly active area of cancer research. Four years ago, sipuleucel-T became the first approved cancer vaccine, which was developed to enhance T-cell immunity against metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Other prostate cancer vaccines, including a viral-based vaccine PROSTVAC-VF and a cellular vaccine GVAX, are in development. Moreover, several clinical trials are investigating the role of immune checkpoint blockade in the treatment of prostate cancer. Ipilimumab and nivolumab are potent T cell checkpoint inhibitors that reverse immunologic tolerance in multiple types of cancers. Here we discuss the mechanisms underlying antitumor T cell responses as well as the development of immunotherapies for prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, P.R., China.
authors.forename: Baijun
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Laurie J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Minze
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Wenhao
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D000077594:Nivolumab; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; C000593794:GVAX vaccine; C588274:PROSTVAC; D000077594:Nivolumab
keywords: T cells; cancer vaccine; immune checkpoint; immunotherapy; prostate cancer; sipuleucel-T