title: Exposure of general population to PBDEs: a Progressive Total Diet Study in South Korea.
abstract: This study assessed the level of 24 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in Korean foods following a Progressive Total Diet Study (TDS). The experiments comprised 96 types of dietetically representative foods, all were either cooked or edible raw. PBDEs were widely encountered in foodstuffs with the highest concentration in plant oils, fishes and shellfishes. Of all congeners tested for, BDE-47 was the most predominant and encountered in almost all food items except meats. The presence of nona-BDEs at significant levels indicated that Korean environments are still contaminated by deca-BDE. The daily dietary intake of PBDEs was estimated to be 63 ng d(-1). The highest PBDEs intake was observed in the 19-39 year old group and gradually decreased as age increased. Our study suggests that the TDS approach using foods in the table-ready form should be used for a better estimation of dietary exposure to PBDEs.
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Khanh-Hoang
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Molecular Recognition Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Heesoo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pyo
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jongchul
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: EunSu
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: yschang@postech.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Yoon-Seok
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D004032:Diet / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D056910:Republic of Korea; D017747:Seafood / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers
keywords: Dietary exposure; Foods; PBDEs; South Korea; TDS