title: Antimicrobial activity of fruits of Solanum nigrum and Solanum xanthocarpum.
abstract: Current study was conducted to investigate antimicrobial activity of fruit extracts of two Solanaceous plants (Solanum nigrum and Solanum xanthocarpum) found in Pakistan. Petroleum ether, chloroform, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, acetone, methanol and water were utilized for extraction. The highest percentages of polar components of both the species were extracted by water; little amount of non-polar components by petroleum ether while very low quantities by other solvents. Antimicrobial activities were estimated by measuring zones of inhibition through hole-plate diffusion method, against three species of Gram positive bacteria, five species of Gram negative bacteria and three species of fungi selected for this study. Doses of 5, 10 and 15 mg/mL prepared through methanolic extracts of each plant's powdered fruit material displayed significant zones of inhibition against all three Gram positive bacteria, three of the Gram negative bacteria out of five and against all three fungi. Although these doses exhibited significant zones of inhibition but they are not as potent as standards: ampicillin or amphotericin B. The present study assures the possible potential of antimicrobial as well as antifungal activity of fruit extracts of these plants.
authors.forename: Khizar
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Abbas
authors.forename: Uzma
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Niaz
authors.forename: Talib
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.forename: M Asif
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Saeed
authors.forename: Zeeshan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Javaid
authors.forename: Arfat
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Idrees
authors.forename: Shahid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rasool
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D052978:Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005638:Fruit; D005658:Fungi / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D000432:Methanol / Q000737:chemistry; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D032324:Solanum nigrum; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012997:Solvents; D000432:Methanol