title: Significant association between DRD3 gene body methylation and schizophrenia.
abstract: The current study was the first one to reveal the contribution of DRD3 methylation to the risk of different (SCZ) subtypes. This study comprised a total of 30 paranoid (15 males and 15 females) and 29 undifferentiated (15 males and 14 females) SCZ patients and 26 age- and gender-matched controls. Our results showed a significant association of CpG2 with SCZ. A breakdown analysis by gender showed that CpG2 and CpG3 methylation were significantly higher in male patients than male controls, and that CpG5 methylation was significantly higher in female patients than female controls. A further breakdown analysis by both gender and SCZ subtype showed that CpG2 and CpG3 methylation were significantly higher in male paranoid SCZ and male undifferentiated SCZ than male controls. In contrast, CpG2 and CpG3 methylation were significantly lower in female undifferentiated SCZ than female controls. Additionally, CpG5 methylation was significantly higher in female paranoid SCZ than female controls. In conclusion, our findings supported that DRD3 gene body hypermethylation was significantly associated with the risk of SCZ. Future study is needed to clarify the mechanisms by which DRD3 gene body hypermethylation contributes to the risk of SCZ.
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China.
authors.forename: Dongjun
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China. Electronic address: skychengjia@163.com.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China.
authors.forename: Kena
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China.
authors.forename: Yuelong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China.
authors.forename: Qidong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China.
authors.forename: Rongjiong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China.
authors.forename: Danjie
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China. Electronic address: gaoshugui@sina.com.
authors.forename: Shugui
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China. Electronic address: duanshiwei@nbu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Shiwei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Duan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019175:DNA Methylation / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008745:Methylation; D050637:Receptors, Dopamine D3 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C493593:DRD3 protein, human; D050637:Receptors, Dopamine D3
keywords: Dopamine system; Epigenetic; Gender difference; Paranoid; Undifferentiated