title: A shorter treatment duration may be sufficient for patients with Mycobacterium massiliense lung disease than with Mycobacterium abscessus lung disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mycobacterium abscessus complex is the second most common organism isolated from patients with nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) lung disease in South Korea. This study aimed to compare clinical features and treatment outcomes of M. abscessus and Mycobacterium massiliense lung disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively identified stored clinical isolates of M. abscessus complex as either M. abscessus or M. massiliense and reviewed medical records to compare clinical characteristics and treatment responses. All patients were treated empirically over several months with multidrug regimens, including a macrolide and one or more parenteral agents.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 249 patient isolates tested, 128 (59 with M. abscessus and 69 with M. massiliense) met the American Thoracic Society diagnostic criteria for NTM pulmonary disease, and treatment outcomes were analyzed in 48 patients (26 with M. abscessus and 22 with M. massiliense). The clinical and radiologic findings were similar between the two groups. Although the durations of parenteral and total treatment were significantly shorter in patients with M. massiliense than in those with M. abscessus (4.7 months vs 7.4 months, P = .006, and 12.1 months vs 16.3 months, P = .043), the treatment success rate was significantly higher in patients with M. massiliense (95.5%) than in M. abscessus cases (42.3%, P < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with M. massiliense pulmonary infection responded better to this antibiotic strategy than those with M. abscessus infection. A shortened duration of treatment may be sufficient for M. massiliense pulmonary infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jiwon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lyu
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Bum-Joon
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Byeong-Joon
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Songpa-gu, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Woo
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Songpa-gu, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Chang-Min
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Songpa-gu, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Yeon-Mok
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Songpa-gu, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sang-Do
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Songpa-gu, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Woo Sung
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Songpa-gu, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Soon
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Songpa-gu, Seoul, South Korea. Electronic address: shimts@amc.seoul.kr.
authors.forename: Tae Sun
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Shim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D009165:Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D009170:Nontuberculous Mycobacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Mycobacterium abscessus; Mycobacterium massiliense; Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM); Treatment outcome