title: Self-reported physical activity in patients on chronic hemodialysis: correlates and barriers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The knowledge of the barriers that are associated with decreased physical activity (PA) in patients on chronic hemodialysis (PCH) may be of primary importance for the nephrologists. Thus, we aimed to assess the barriers associated with the absent or reduced PA in PCH of a Mediterranean country.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were invited to answer the question 'How often do you exercise during your leisure time?'. Also, patients included in the study were asked to answer questions regarding barriers to physical activity lower than desired.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We studied 105 patients. Forty (38.1%) patients reported to never exercise, 6 (5.7%) reported to exercise less than once/week, 4 (3.8%) once/week, 23 (21.9%) two to three times/week, 12 (11.4%) four to five times/week and 20 (19%) daily. Overall, 46 (43.8%) patients never exercised or exercised less than once/week ('inactive') and 59 (56.2%) did exercise more often ('active'). At the multivariate analysis, reduced walking ability, fatigue on the non-dialysis days, and shortness of breath were independently and negatively associated with PA. The same results were found when the reduced model of the multivariate logistic backward regression was built introducing in the model also clinical and laboratory variables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In PCH, fatigue on the non-dialysis days, reduced walking ability, and shortness of breath are barriers independently associated to decreased PA. Knowledge about the causes and mechanisms that generate these barriers has to be acquired.
authors.affiliation: Hemodialysis Service, Department of Surgery, Catholic University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bossola
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pellu
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Di Stasio
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tazza
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Giungi
authors.forename: Pier Eugenio
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Nebiolo
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005221:Fatigue / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D007899:Leisure Activities / Q000523:psychology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D009043:Motor Activity; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D057566:Self Report; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires