title: Glaucoma After Open-globe Injury at a Tertiary Care University Hospital: Cumulative Causes and Management.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate causes and treatment modalities of traumatic glaucoma after open-globe injury (OGI).
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical records of all patients with postrepair follow-up of OGI at a tertiary care university hospital from January 1996 to December 2010 were reviewed. These patients had persistent elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) of >21 mm Hg at 2 consecutive visits, with or without optic disc damages.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Over the 14-year study period, 41 eyes of 41 patients with repaired OGI that developed glaucoma were identified. In the early stage (within 1 mo), high IOP levels occurred owing to the presence of unremoved lens particles in 11 patients (26.8%), inflammation in 6 patients (14.6%), and hyphema in 3 patients (7.3%). In the intermediate stage (2 to 6 mo), the IOP increased owing to the presence of synechial angle closure in 9 patients (21.9%) and ghost cells in 3 patients (7.3%). In the late stage (>6 mo), the IOP rose owing to the presence of unremoved lens particles in 2 patients (4.8%), angle recession in 4 patients (9.7%), and synechial angle closure in 3 patients (7.3%). Surgical interventions included trabeculectomy in 9 eyes (22%), lens aspiration in 9 eyes (22%), cyclophotocoagulation (CPC) in 5 eyes (12.2%), anterior chamber washout in 3 eyes (7.3%), and tube surgery in 2 eyes (4.9%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Traumatic glaucoma is not uncommon long-term complication after OGI. It is important to inspect the association between the initial cause and achieving a successful treatment. Surgical intervention may be crucial in the majority of cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Essam A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Osman
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mousa
authors.forename: Samir M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Al-Mansouri
authors.forename: Hani S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Al-Mezaine
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D015807:Eye Injuries, Penetrating / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D018463:Filtering Surgery / Q000379:methods; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D006068:Gonioscopy; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D063128:Tertiary Health Care; D014065:Tonometry, Ocular
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents