title: [Psychological resistance to use insulin in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients from Venezuela].
abstract: The psychological resistance to use insulin (PIR) is a condition where the patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) refuses to use insulin. Our objective was to determine the frequency of PIR in a Venezuelan population and their beliefs regarding insulin and current medication. In several states of Venezuela, from January to March 2013, 254 patients with T2DM, over 18 years old and naive to insulin treatment were interviewed. We applied an interview to evaluate the disposition of the patients to use insulin if their doctor prescribes it and to determine their beliefs about insulin and their current medication. The patients were categorized in: not willing (PIR group), ambivalent and willing to use insulin. The beliefs about insulin and their current medication were grouped into positive or negative. The mean age was 56.2 years, with 7.1 years of duration of the T2DM; 58.6% were females. One third (32.7%) had PIR, 20.9% were ambivalent and 46.4% were willing to use insulin. PIR patients showed lower frequency of positive beliefs and more frequency of negative beliefs to insulin and to their current treatment (p < 0.0001). Negative beliefs to insulin increased 14 times the risk of PIR, and people without university studies had a four times increase in the risk of PIR compared to the willing group. In conclusion, a high frequency of PIR in patients with T2DM (32.7%) was found in Venezuela; they showed low frequency of positive beliefs and high frequency of negative beliefs about insulin use. It is necessary to improve T2DM patient education on this issue.
authors.forename: Juan Pablo
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: González Rivas
authors.forename: Mariela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Paoli
authors.forename: Raúl
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: García Santiago
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Verónica Avendaño
authors.forename: Merlys
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lobo Santiago
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Avendaño
mesh_terms: D001294:Attitude to Health; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D055118:Medication Adherence / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014687:Venezuela
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin