title: Open reduction and internal fixation of severely dislocated fractures of condylar neck and base using bioabsorbable miniplate in children: a 3-10 years follow-up study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the long-term clinical and radiologic outcomes of treating severely dislocated fractures of condylar neck and base with the comminuted fractures of parasymphysis or mental foramen, specially with crown fracture of deciduous molar and permanent molar or dislocation of the teeth sustained in childhood using bioabsorbable miniplate with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF).
  
  
  METHODS
  Five children (age ranged from 3 to 11 years old averaged 8.2 years; 3 boys and 2 girls) with severely (the condyle dislocated from the glenoid fossa) dislocated fractures of condylar neck or base with the comminuted fractures of parasymphysis or mental foramen, specially with crown fracture of deciduous molar and permanent molar or dislocation of the teeth were treated with ORIF using 1 or 2 bioabsorbable miniplates (through preauricular approach and an oral vestibular approach). All patients have been followed-up clinically and radiographically for a mean of 5.6 years (range, 3-10 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients were cured satisfactorily with excellent occluding relation without restricted mandibular movement, facial asymmetry, retrognathism and ankylosis. 3-10 years follow-up study did not occur any mandibular development disorder.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggested that ORIF using bioabsorbable miniplate was a reliable fixation technique for use in the treatment of severely dislocated fractures of the condylar neck and base with the comminuted fractures of parasymphysis or mental foramen, specially with crown fracture of deciduous molar and permanent molar or dislocation of the teeth in children when the non-invasive or occlusal therapies were ineffective.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, PR China. Electronic address: michaelbozhang@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Xin-Cheng Hospital of Gu-Zhang County, Hunan Province, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhao-Hui
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, PR China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department Family and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Utah, UT, USA.
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Jing-Jing
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Division of International, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, PR China.
authors.forename: Ricardo M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D020341:Absorbable Implants; D001860:Bone Plates; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003766:Dental Occlusion; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D018460:Fractures, Comminuted / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000293:injuries*; D008337:Mandibular Fractures / Q000601:surgery*; D008963:Molar / Q000293:injuries; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Bioabsorbable miniplate; Children; Dislocated condylar fracture; Mandible; Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF)