title: Ocular toxoplasmosis: a very rare presentation in an immunocompetent patient.
abstract: A 28-year-old man presented with a 2-week history of red eye, photophobia, pain and decreased visual acuity of the right eye. The ophthalmological examination revealed hypertensive non-granulomatous panuveitis, retinal vasculitis with focus of retinochoroiditis with pigmented central area suggestive of ocular toxoplasmosis in the active phase. He started treatment with azithromycin, pyrimethamine, topical steroids and measures for control of intraocular pressure. Serology for Toxoplasma gondii was positive and for HIV, negative. For headache and vomiting, he was hospitalised in order to exclude cerebral toxoplasma. The cerebral CT scan, MRI and lumbar puncture were negative and treatment was changed to pyrimethamine, sulfadiazine and prednisolone. For persistence of vomiting he started clindamycin with clinical and ophthalmological improvement. The patient is currently under prophylaxis with co-trimoxazol for 1 year, and maintains clinical improvement. This case illustrates the rarity of presentation of ocular toxoplasmosis, without cerebral in an immunocompetent patient.
authors.affiliation: Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: Margarida
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matias
authors.affiliation: Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: Antonia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: Tiago
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Marques
authors.affiliation: Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: Ana Claudia
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Fonseca
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D007121:Immunocompetence; D008297:Male; D014126:Toxoplasmosis, Ocular / Q000175:diagnosis*