title: Intake of energy-dense foods, fast foods, sugary drinks, and breast cancer risk in African American and European American women.
abstract: Limiting energy-dense foods, fast foods, and sugary drinks that promote weight gain is a cancer prevention recommendation, but no studies have evaluated intake in relation to breast cancer risk in African American (AA) women. In a case-control study with 1692 AA women (803 cases and 889 controls) and 1456 European American (EA) women (755 cases and 701 controls), odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for risk were computed, stratifying for menopausal and estrogen receptor (ER) status. Among postmenopausal EA women, breast cancer risk was associated with frequent consumption of energy-dense foods (OR = 2.95; 95% CI: 1.66-5.22), fast foods (OR = 2.35; 95% CI: 1.38-4.00), and sugary drinks (OR = 2.05; 95% CI: 1.13-3.70). Elevated risk of ER+ tumors in EA women was associated with energy-dense (OR = 1.75; 95% CI: 1.14-2.69) and fast foods (OR = 1.84; 95% CI: 1.22-2.77). Among AA women, frequent fast food consumption was related to premenopausal breast cancer risk (OR = 1.97; 95% CI: 1.13-3.43), and with ER+ tumors. Energy adjustment attenuated risk estimates in AA women, while strengthening them among EA women. Frequent consumption of energy-dense and fast foods that have poor nutritive value appeared to increase breast cancer risk in AA and EA women, with differences by menopausal status and ER status.
authors.affiliation: a Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick , New Jersey , USA and.
authors.forename: Urmila
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Chandran
authors.forename: Susan E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: McCann
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zirpoli
authors.forename: Zhihong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Chi-Chen
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Gregory
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ciupak
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pawlish
authors.forename: Christine B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Ambrosone
authors.forename: Elisa V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Bandera
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D000368:Aged; D001628:Beverages / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004032:Diet; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002149:Energy Intake; D057140:Fast Foods / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D064427:Nutritive Sweeteners / Q000009:adverse effects; D017698:Postmenopause; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D015430:Weight Gain; D044465:White People; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D064427:Nutritive Sweeteners