title: Implementation of a Two-dimensional Behavior Matrix to Distinguish Individuals with Differential Depression States in a Rodent Model of Depression.
abstract: Animal models of depression are used to study pathophysiology of depression and to advance therapeutic strategies. Stress-induced depression models in rodents are widely used. However, amenable behavioral criteria and experimental procedures that are suitable for animal models have not been established. Given that depression is clinically diagnosed by multiple symptomatic criteria and stress effects are imposed to the brain non-specifically in stress-induced depression models, analyses of depression states in rodents using multiple symptomatic criteria may provide more power than any methods relying on a single symptomatic criterion. To address this, C57BL/6 inbred mice were restrained for 2 h daily for 14 d, and depression states of individual mice were assessed using the U-field test, behavioral assessment developed to measure animal's sociability, and the tail suspension test and/or forced swim test, which are the typical methods that measure psychomotor withdrawal states. Although the majority of these mice showed severe depressive behaviors in both tests, a significant proportion of them, which were all inbred mice and received the same amount of restraints, expressed differential depression states in the sociability test and psychomotor withdrawal tests. To easily read-out differential depression states of individuals in two different tests, a standard method and basic parameters required to construct two-way behavior matrix were introduced. The utility and features of this two-way behavior analysis method for studies of different depressive states of individuals were discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea.
authors.forename: Tae-Kyung
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea.
authors.forename: Juli
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea.
authors.forename: Jung-Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea.
authors.forename: Hannah
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun-Hwa
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea. ; Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea. ; Brain Disease Research Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea.
authors.forename: Pyung-Lim
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Han
keywords: U-field test; depression; psychomotor retardation; sociability