title: Income and race/ethnicity influence dietary fiber intake and vegetable consumption.
abstract: Grains, fruits, and vegetables are the primary sources of dietary fiber (DF), with the white potato contributing nearly 7% of the DF to the US food supply. The DF composition of the white potato-with or without the skin and regardless of cooking method-compares well with the DF content of other vegetables. Many health benefits, including improved gastrointestinal health, are attributed to greater DF consumption; however, less than 3% of males and females have an adequate intake of DF. Because of this population-wide shortfall, DF is considered to be a nutrient of concern. In this study, using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009 to 2010, we examined the mean intake of DF across sex, age, race/ethnicity, family income, and poverty threshold. This study shows that mean intake of DF is far below recommendations, with children and adolescents aged 2 to 19 years consuming an average of less than 14 g of DF per day. Adults 20+ years old consume, on average, about 17 g of DF per day, and men consume significantly more DF than women. Non-Hispanic black adults consume significantly less DF compared with other race/ethnic groups. Lower family income and living at less than 131% of poverty were associated with lower DF intakes among adults. Federal and local government policies should encourage consumption of all vegetables, including the white potato, as an important source of DF.
authors.affiliation: Alliance for Potato Research and Education, McLean, VA, USA. Electronic address: mstorey@apre.org.
authors.forename: Maureen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Storey
authors.affiliation: Alliance for Potato Research and Education, Monroe, WA, USA. Electronic address: patricia.anderson@comcast.net.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Anderson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004032:Diet / Q000191:economics / Q000208:ethnology; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005006:Ethnicity; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018673:Nutrition Policy; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D011203:Poverty; D044469:Racial Groups; D012737:Sex Factors; D014675:Vegetables; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Dietary fiber; Income; Potato; Race; Vegetables