title: Angiotensin converting enzyme is involved in the cardiac hypertrophy induced by sinoaortic denervation in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that local angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) was involved in the cardiac hypertrophy induced by sinoaortic denervation (SAD) in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experiment 1: Six weeks after SAD of rats, components of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in left ventricles were assayed by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting analysis. Experiment 2: Rats were divided into five groups treated as follows: (1) sham-operated group; (2) SAD group; (3) SAD group treated with angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) antagonist losartan (10 mg·kg(-1)·day(-1), orally); (4) SAD group treated by ACE inhibitor ramipril (1 mg·kg(-1)·day(-1), orally); (5) SAD group treated by ramipril and the B2-kinin receptor selective antagonist HOE-140 (0.25 mg·kg(-1)·day(-1), subcutaneously).
  
  
  RESULTS
  SAD led to augmentation of the mRNA levels and protein expression of left ventricular ACE and AT1R. Both losartan and ramipril ameliorated SAD-induced left ventricular hypertrophy. Both losartan and ramipril abated oxidative stress, suppressed inflammation, and reduced expression TGFβ-R in left ventricles. In addition, the protective effect of ramipril could be abolished by HOE-140.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Local ACE is involved in the left ventricular hypertrophy induced by sinoaortic denervation in rats, via both angiotensin II/AT1R and bradykinin/B2R pathways.
authors.affiliation: The Department of Pharmaceutical Care, the General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Puhuangyu Clinic, Beijing, China. Electronic address: guoli20141@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Clinical Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Care, the General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Ting-Ting
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: The Department of Pharmaceutical Care, the General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Hai-Li
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Xin
mesh_terms: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000294:innervation / Q000601:surgery; D015153:Blotting, Western; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000378:metabolism*; D003714:Denervation; D008297:Male; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
keywords: Angiotensin II; Angiotensin converting enzyme; B2-kinin receptor; Left ventricular hypertrophy; Sinoaortic denervation