title: Bone mineral density in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  PCOS is a complex disorder and various features of this disorder may have great importance for bone metabolism. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between existing hormonal disorders, and bone mineral density (BMD) in young women with PCOS.
  
  
  METHODS
  69 reproductive-aged PCOS women and 30 age-matched healthy controls were enrolled to the study women. In each individual we assessed the body mass index (BMI). We evaluated the serum concentrations of: gonadotropins, prolactin (PRL), estradiol (E2), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), testosterone (T), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (fT4). We used the Homeostatic Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance Index (HOMA-IR) to diagnose insulin resistance. Bone mineral density in the lumbar spine was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The PCOS women had lower BMD values as compared to the controls (1.057 ± 0.1260 vs. 1.210 ± 0.1805 g/cm(2), p < 0.0002). In the analysis of PCOS patients according to BMI, only in the subgroup of the normal weight PCOS we find significantly lower BMD in comparison to controls (p = 0.0049). In patients with PCOS, BMD was positively correlated with insulin concentration and HOMA-IR. In the controls Z-score values were positively correlated with insulin concentration and HOMA-IR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The deleterious effect of estrogen deficiency on bones in PCOS is not balanced by androgen overproduction. Women with PCOS had significantly lower BMD of the lumbar spine compared to controls. Insulin seems to be one of the most important positive bone growth stimulators.
authors.affiliation: The Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Polna 33, 60-535, Poznan, Poland.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Katulski
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Slawek
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Czyzyk
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Podfigurna-Stopa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Paczkowska
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ignaszak
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Podkowa
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Meczekalski
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D007328:Insulin; D013739:Testosterone; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone