title: Oxidative stress and labile plasmatic iron in anemic patients following blood therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the plasmatic iron content and evaluate the oxidative stress (OS) markers in subjects receiving blood therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-nine individuals with unspecified anemia receiving blood transfusions and 15 healthy subjects were included in the study. Anemic subjects were divided into three subgrouP: (1) those that received up to five blood transfusions (n = 14); (2) those that received from five to ten transfusions (n = 11); and (3) those that received more than ten transfusions (n = 14). Blood samples were collected by venous arm puncture and stored in tubes containing heparin. The plasma and cells were separated by centrifugation and subsequently used for analyses. Statistical analyses were performed using Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance followed by Dunn's multiple comparison tests when appropriate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The eletrophoretic hemoglobin profiles of the subjects included in this study indicated that no patients presented with hemoglobinopathy. Labile plasmatic iron, ferritin, protein carbonyl, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and dichlorofluorescein diacetate oxidation were significantly higher (P < 0.05), whereas total thiol levels were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in transfused subjects compared to controls. Additionally, the activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were significantly lower in the transfused subjects (P < 0.05). Antioxidant enzyme activities and total thiol levels were positively correlated (P < 0.05), and negatively correlated with the levels of protein carbonyl and TBARS (P < 0.05). In contrast, protein carbonyl and TBARS were positively correlated (P < 0.05). Altogether, these data confirm the involvement of OS in patients following therapy with repeated blood transfusions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data reveal that changes in OS markers are correlated with levels of labile plasmatic iron and ferritin and the number of transfusions.
authors.affiliation: Marília Sabo Fernandes, Tatiana Tamborena Rissi, Luisa Zuravski, Juliana Mezzomo, Vanderlei Folmer, Vanusa Manfredini, Robson Luiz Puntel, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana, Uruguaiana RS 97500-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marília Sabo
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.affiliation: Marília Sabo Fernandes, Tatiana Tamborena Rissi, Luisa Zuravski, Juliana Mezzomo, Vanderlei Folmer, Vanusa Manfredini, Robson Luiz Puntel, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana, Uruguaiana RS 97500-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tatiana Tamborena
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Rissi
authors.affiliation: Marília Sabo Fernandes, Tatiana Tamborena Rissi, Luisa Zuravski, Juliana Mezzomo, Vanderlei Folmer, Vanusa Manfredini, Robson Luiz Puntel, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana, Uruguaiana RS 97500-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zuravski
authors.affiliation: Marília Sabo Fernandes, Tatiana Tamborena Rissi, Luisa Zuravski, Juliana Mezzomo, Vanderlei Folmer, Vanusa Manfredini, Robson Luiz Puntel, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana, Uruguaiana RS 97500-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juliana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mezzomo
authors.affiliation: Marília Sabo Fernandes, Tatiana Tamborena Rissi, Luisa Zuravski, Juliana Mezzomo, Vanderlei Folmer, Vanusa Manfredini, Robson Luiz Puntel, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana, Uruguaiana RS 97500-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carmen Regla
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Vargas
authors.affiliation: Marília Sabo Fernandes, Tatiana Tamborena Rissi, Luisa Zuravski, Juliana Mezzomo, Vanderlei Folmer, Vanusa Manfredini, Robson Luiz Puntel, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana, Uruguaiana RS 97500-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vanderlei
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Folmer
authors.affiliation: Marília Sabo Fernandes, Tatiana Tamborena Rissi, Luisa Zuravski, Juliana Mezzomo, Vanderlei Folmer, Vanusa Manfredini, Robson Luiz Puntel, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana, Uruguaiana RS 97500-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Félix Alexandre Antunes
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.affiliation: Marília Sabo Fernandes, Tatiana Tamborena Rissi, Luisa Zuravski, Juliana Mezzomo, Vanderlei Folmer, Vanusa Manfredini, Robson Luiz Puntel, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana, Uruguaiana RS 97500-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vanusa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Manfredini
authors.affiliation: Marília Sabo Fernandes, Tatiana Tamborena Rissi, Luisa Zuravski, Juliana Mezzomo, Vanderlei Folmer, Vanusa Manfredini, Robson Luiz Puntel, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana, Uruguaiana RS 97500-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mushtaq
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.affiliation: Marília Sabo Fernandes, Tatiana Tamborena Rissi, Luisa Zuravski, Juliana Mezzomo, Vanderlei Folmer, Vanusa Manfredini, Robson Luiz Puntel, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana, Uruguaiana RS 97500-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Robson Luiz
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Puntel
keywords: Antioxidant enzymes; Labile iron content; Oxidative stress; Polytransfused subjects