title: SOX10 mutations mimic isolated hearing loss.
abstract: Ninety genes have been identified to date that are involved in non-syndromic hearing loss, and more than 300 different forms of syndromic hearing impairment have been described. Mutations in SOX10, one of the genes contributing to syndromic hearing loss, induce a large range of phenotypes, including several subtypes of Waardenburg syndrome and Kallmann syndrome with deafness. In addition, rare mutations have been identified in patients with isolated signs of these diseases. We used the recent characterization of temporal bone imaging aspects in patients with SOX10 mutations to identify possible patients with isolated hearing loss due to SOX10 mutation. We selected 21 patients with isolated deafness and temporal bone morphological defects for mutational screening. We identified two SOX10 mutations and found that both resulted in a non-functional protein in vitro. Re-evaluation of the two affected patients showed that both had previously undiagnosed olfactory defects. Diagnosis of anosmia or hyposmia in young children is challenging, and particularly in the absence of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), SOX10 mutations can mimic non-syndromic hearing impairment. MRI should complete temporal bones computed tomographic scan in the management of congenital deafness as it can detect brain anomalies, cochlear nerve defects, and olfactory bulb malformation in addition to inner ear malformations.
authors.affiliation: Département de Génétique, Hôpital Henri Mondor, AP-HP, Créteil, France.|Equipe 11, INSERM, U955, Créteil, France.|UMR_S955, Université Paris-Est, UPEC, Créteil, France.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pingault
authors.affiliation: Département de Génétique, Hôpital Henri Mondor, AP-HP, Créteil, France.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Faubert
authors.affiliation: Equipe 11, INSERM, U955, Créteil, France.|UMR_S955, Université Paris-Est, UPEC, Créteil, France.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Baral
authors.affiliation: Service de Génétique, Centre de référence Surdités Génétiques, Paris, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gherbi
authors.affiliation: Service de Génétique, Centre de référence Surdités Génétiques, Paris, France.|Service d'ORL, Hôpital Necker, AP-HP, Paris, France.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Loundon
authors.affiliation: Service de Génétique, Centre de référence Surdités Génétiques, Paris, France.|Service d'ORL, Hôpital Necker, AP-HP, Paris, France.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Couloigner
authors.affiliation: Service de Génétique, Centre de référence Surdités Génétiques, Paris, France.|Service d'ORL, Hôpital Necker, AP-HP, Paris, France.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Denoyelle
authors.affiliation: Service d'ORL, Hôpital Robert Debré, AP-HP, Paris, France.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Noël-Pétroff
authors.affiliation: Service de radiologie, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ducou Le Pointe
authors.affiliation: Service de radiologie, Hôpital Robert Debré, AP-HP, Paris, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Elmaleh-Bergès
authors.affiliation: Equipe 11, INSERM, U955, Créteil, France.|UMR_S955, Université Paris-Est, UPEC, Créteil, France.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bondurand
authors.affiliation: Service de Génétique, Centre de référence Surdités Génétiques, Paris, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marlin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D002648:Child; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D007758:Ear, Inner / Q000002:abnormalities; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000235:genetics*; D006319:Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D010641:Phenotype; D055757:SOXE Transcription Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D013701:Temporal Bone / Q000473:pathology*; D014849:Waardenburg Syndrome / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C527923:SOX10 protein, human; D055757:SOXE Transcription Factors
keywords: SOX10; anosmia; deafness; inner ear