title: The potential hazards of Aspergillus sp. in foods and feeds, and the role of biological treatment: a review.
abstract: The contamination of food and feed by Aspergillus has become a global issue with a significant worldwide economic impact. The growth of Aspergillus is unfavourable to the development of food and feed industries, where the problems happen mostly due to the presence of mycotoxins, which is a toxic metabolite secreted by most Aspergillus groups. Moreover, fungi can produce spores that cause diseases, such as allergies and asthma, especially to human beings. High temperature, high moisture, retarded crops, and poor food storage conditions encourage the growth of mold, as well as the development of mycotoxins. A variety of chemical, biological, and physical strategies have been developed to control the production of mycotoxins. A biological approach, using a mixed culture comprised of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Lactobacillus rhamnosus resulted in the inhibition of the growth of fungi when inoculated into fermented food. The results reveal that the mixed culture has a higher potential (37.08%) to inhibit the growth of Aspergillus flavus (producer of Aflatoxin) compared to either single culture, L. rhamnosus NRRL B-442 and S. cerevisiae, which inhibit the growth by 63.07% and 64.24%, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bio Product Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Sheikh Imranudin
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Sheikh-Ali
authors.forename: Akil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.forename: Siti-Hamidah
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Mohd-Setapar
authors.forename: Zainul Akmal
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Zakaria
authors.forename: Norfahana
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Abdul-Talib
authors.forename: Aidee Kamal
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Khamis
authors.forename: Md Enamul
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Hoque
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001231:Aspergillus flavus / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005516:Food Microbiology; D059022:Food Safety; D006801:Humans; D052201:Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D056265:Microbial Interactions; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000378:metabolism; D010572:Pest Control, Biological / Q000379:methods*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D009183:Mycotoxins