title: Improved stability and cell response by intrinsic cross-linking of multilayers from collagen I and oxidized glycosaminoglycans.
abstract: Stability of surface coatings against environmental stress, such as pH, high ionic strength, mechanical forces, and so forth, is crucial for biomedical application of implants. Here, a novel extracellular-matrix-like polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) system composed of collagen I (Col I) and oxidized glycosaminoglycans (oGAGs) was stabilized by intrinsic cross-linking due to formation of imine bonds between aldehydes of oxidized chondroitin sulfate (oCS) or hyaluronan (oHA) and amino groups of Col I. It was also found that Col I contributed significantly more to overall mass in CS-Col I than in HA-Col I multilayer systems and fibrillized particularly in the presence of native and oxidized CS. Adhesion and proliferation studies with murine C3H10T1/2 embryonic fibroblasts demonstrated that covalent cross-linking of oGAG with Col I had no adverse effects on cell behavior. By contrast, it was found that cell size and polarization was more pronounced on oGAG-based multilayer systems, which corresponded also to the higher stiffness of cross-linked multilayers as observed by studies with quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). Overall, PEMs prepared from oGAG and Col I give rise to stable PEM constructs due to intrinsic cross-linking that may be useful for making bioactive coatings of implants and tissue engineering scaffolds.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510630, China.
authors.forename: Mingyan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Lihua
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Changren
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Heyroth
authors.forename: Bodo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fuhrmann
authors.forename: Karsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maeder
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Groth
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans