title: Canine model of ischemic stroke with permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion: clinical features, magnetic resonance imaging, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to identify time-related changes in clinical, MRI, histopathologic, and immunohistochemical findings associated with ischemic stroke in dogs. Additionally, the association of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and tissue levels of interleukin (IL)-6 with clinical prognosis was assessed. Ischemic stroke was induced by permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in nine healthy experimental dogs. The dogs were divided into three groups according to survival time and duration of the experimental period: group A (survived only 1 day), group B (1-week experimental period), and group C (2-week experimental period). Neurologic status was evaluated daily. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed according to a predetermined schedule. Concentration of IL-6 in CSF was measured serially after ischemic stroke. Postmortem examination was performed for all experimental dogs. During histopathological examination, variable degrees of cavitation and necrosis due to neuronal cytopathic effects, such as pyknotic nuclei and cytoplasmic shrinkage, were observed on the affected side of the cerebral cortex in all dogs. Immunohistochemistry specific for IL-6 showed increased expression in the ischemic lesions. CSF IL-6 concentrations and ischemic lesion volumes 1 day after ischemic stroke were significantly higher in group A compared to groups B and C.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Joon-Hyeok
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.forename: Hae-Won
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Hyo-Mi
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Jong-Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Ki-Tae
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Hee-Chun
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ha-Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Jung-Hyang
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Sur
authors.forename: Byeong-Teck
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Jeongim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.forename: Dong-In
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Jung
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000209:etiology*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D020521:Stroke / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: cerebrospinal fluid; dog; interleukin 6; ischemic stroke; magnetic resonance imaging