title: The obstructed hemivagina, ipsilateral renal anomaly, and uterine didelphys triad and the subsequent manifestation of cervical aplasia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare a case series of the obstructed hemivagina, ipsilateral renal anomaly and uterine didelphys triad with the literature, with a focus on a subset of patients with cervical aplasia.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective case series was conducted of all patients with the triad managed between 2005-2013 at a tertiary center for adolescent gynecology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Similarities in this cohort, compared to the literature, included heterogeneity of presentation, presence of endometriosis, and asymmetry of affected side. Notable differences included 1 patient with a 16p11.2 microdeletion and 2 patients with subsequent unilateral cervical aplasia. All patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging for diagnosis. Vaginal septum division was performed in 8 cases and excision in 1 case. Both cases with cervical aplasia ultimately underwent hemi-hysterectomy, and highlight the implications of this rare variant in regards to its existence, limitations of magnetic resonance imaging in this context, and suggestions for improvement in diagnosis and management.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The complexity of these cases, especially the evolving manifestation of cervical aplasia postoperatively, illustrates the need to recognize limitations in imaging and divergence in definitive management.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queensland Statewide Paediatric and Adolescent Gynaecology Service, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sabdia
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sutton
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queensland Statewide Paediatric and Adolescent Gynaecology Service, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; University of Queensland School of Medicine, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. Electronic address: rebecca.kimble@health.qld.gov.au.
authors.forename: R M N
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Kimble
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007668:Kidney / Q000002:abnormalities*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014564:Urogenital Abnormalities / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D014599:Uterus / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery; D014621:Vagina / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery
keywords: 16p11.2; Absent kidney; Cervical aplasia; Obstructed hemivagina; Uterine didelphys