title: Restenosis after balloon valvuloplasty in a dog with pulmonary stenosis.
abstract: A two-month-old female Chihuahua was diagnosed as severe pulmonary valvular stenosis (PS). Although balloon valvuloplasty (BV) was successfully performed, restenosis was observed 19 months after the procedure. Euthanasia was chosen due to low output syndrome during the surgical repair attempted when the dog was 5 years old. Postmortem examination revealed markedly thickened pulmonary valve due to the increase of extracellular matrix which might be produced by increased α smooth muscle actin-positive myofibroblasts. The thickening of the valve was associated with restriction of the valve's motion, resulting in restenosis in the present case. This is the first case report documented histopathological and immunohistochemical findings of the restenotic pulmonary valve in dogs with PS after BV.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Surgery 1, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sunahara
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
authors.forename: Takuma
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: Gou
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sugahara
authors.forename: Kinji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shirota
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002404:Catheterization / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D004285:Dogs; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D011666:Pulmonary Valve Stenosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D013997:Time Factors