title: Carbon nanotube-based lateral flow biosensor for sensitive and rapid detection of DNA sequence.
abstract: In this article, we describe a carbon nanotube (CNT)-based lateral flow biosensor (LFB) for rapid and sensitive detection of DNA sequence. Amine-modified DNA detection probe was covalently immobilized on the shortened multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) via diimide-activated amidation between the carboxyl groups on the CNT surface and amine groups on the detection DNA probes. Sandwich-type DNA hybridization reactions were performed on the LFB and the captured MWCNTs on test zone and control zone of LFB produced the characteristic black bands, enabling visual detection of DNA sequences. Combining the advantages of lateral flow chromatographic separation with unique physical properties of MWCNT (large surface area), the optimized LFB was capable of detecting of 0.1 nM target DNA without instrumentation. Quantitative detection could be realized by recording the intensity of the test line with the Image J software, and the detection limit of 40 pM was obtained. This detection limit is 12.5 times lower than that of gold nanoparticle (GNP)-based LFB (0.5 nM, Mao et al. Anal. Chem. 2009, 81, 1660-1668). Another important feature is that the preparation of MWCNT-DNA conjugates was robust and the use of MWCNT labels avoided the aggregation of conjugates and tedious preparation time, which were often met in the traditional GNP-based nucleic acid LFB. The applications of MWCNT-based LFB can be extended to visually detect protein biomarkers using MWCNT-antibody conjugates. The MWCNT-based LFB thus open a new door to prepare a new generation of LFB, and shows great promise for in-field and point-of-care diagnosis of genetic diseases and for the detection of infectious agents.
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, PR China; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, United States.
authors.forename: Wanwei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, PR China; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, United States.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, United States.
authors.forename: Sunitha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takalkar
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, United States.
authors.forename: Anant S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Gurung
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, PR China. Electronic address: liubin618@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, PR China; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, United States.
authors.forename: Yafeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, PR China; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, United States.
authors.forename: Zebin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, United States.
authors.forename: Meenu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baloda
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, United States.
authors.forename: Kwaku
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Baryeh
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, PR China; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, United States. Electronic address: Guodong.liu@ndsu.edu.
authors.forename: Guodong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D004247:DNA / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D009696:Nucleic Acids / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D009696:Nucleic Acids; D006046:Gold; D004247:DNA
keywords: Biosensor; Carbon nanotubes; DNA; Lateral flow