title: Molecular characterisation of lineage IV peste des petits ruminants virus using multi gene sequence data.
abstract: Peste des petits ruminants is responsible for an economically important plague of small ruminants that is endemic across much of the developing world. Here we describe the detection and characterisation of a PPR virus from a recent outbreak in Tamil Nadu, India. We demonstrate the isolation of PPR virus from rectal swab and highlight the potential spread of disease to in-contact animals through faecal materials and use of faecal material as non-invasive method of sampling for susceptible wild ruminants. Finally we have performed a comprehensive 'multi-gene' assessment of lineage IV isolates of PPRV utilising sequence data from our study and publically available partial N, partial F and partial H gene data. We describe the effects of grouping PPRV isolates utilising different gene loci and conclude that the variable part of N gene at C terminus gives the best phylogenetic assessment of PPRV isolates with isolates generally clustering according to geographical isolation. This assessment highlights the importance of careful gene targeting with RT-PCR to enable thorough phylogenetic analysis.
authors.affiliation: Tamilnadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai 600051, India.
authors.forename: K Senthil
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad 500049, India.
authors.forename: Aravindh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Babu
authors.affiliation: Tamilnadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai 600051, India.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sundarapandian
authors.affiliation: Tamilnadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai 600051, India.
authors.forename: Parimal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.affiliation: Tamilnadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai 600051, India.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Thangavelu
authors.affiliation: Tamilnadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai 600051, India.
authors.forename: K Siva
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Tamilnadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai 600051, India.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Arumugam
authors.affiliation: Tamilnadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai 600051, India.
authors.forename: N D J
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Chandran
authors.affiliation: The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Woking GU24 0NF, Surrey, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Murali
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muniraju
authors.affiliation: The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Woking GU24 0NF, Surrey, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Mana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mahapatra
authors.affiliation: Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Weybridge KT15 3NB, Surrey, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Ashley C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Banyard
authors.affiliation: Tamilnadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai 600051, India.
authors.forename: B Murali
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Manohar
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad 500049, India; The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Woking GU24 0NF, Surrey, United Kingdom. Electronic address: satya.parida@pirbright.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Satya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Parida
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000662:veterinary*; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology; D015511:Goat Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D006041:Goats; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D029021:Peste-des-Petits-Ruminants / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D018107:Peste-des-petits-ruminants virus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010802:Phylogeny; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers
keywords: PPR outbreak; Peste des petits ruminants; Phylogenetic analysis using N, F and H genes; RT-PCR