title: Quantitative microleakage analysis of endodontic temporary filling materials using a glucose penetration model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to analyze the sealing ability of different temporary endodontic materials over a 6-week period using a glucose penetration model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Standardized holes were formed on 48 dentin discs from human premolars. The thicknesses of the specimens were distributed evenly to 2 mm, 3 mm and 4 mm. Prepared dentin specimens were randomly assigned into six groups (n = 7) and the holes in the dentin specimens were filled with two kinds of temporary filling materials as per the manufacturers' instructions as follows: Caviton (GC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm and IRM (Dentsply International Inc., Milford, DE) 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm. The remaining specimens were used as positive and negative controls and all specimens underwent thermocycling (1000; 5-55°C). The sealing ability of all samples was evaluated using the leakage model for glucose. The samples were analyzed by a spectrophotometer in quantitative glucose microleakage test over a period of 6 weeks. As a statistical inference, a mixed effect analysis was applied to analyze serial measurements over time.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Caviton groups showed less glucose penetration in comparison with the IRM groups. The Caviton 4 mm group demonstrated relatively low glucose leakage over the test period. High glucose leakage was detected throughout the test period in all IRM groups. The glucose leakage level increased after 1 week in the Caviton 2 mm group and after 4 weeks in the Caviton 3 mm and 4 mm groups (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Caviton had better sealing ability than IRM in the glucose penetration model during 6 weeks. Temporary filling of Caviton to at least 3 mm in thickness is necessary and temporary filling periods should not exceed 4 weeks.
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry, Seoul St. Mary's Dental Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul , Korea.
authors.forename: Sin-Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jin-Soo
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Young-Ah
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.forename: Yoon
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ji-Yun
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Deog-Gyu
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Seo
mesh_terms: D002133:Calcium Sulfate / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D003763:Dental Leakage / Q000145:classification*; D003804:Dentin / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D005947:Glucose; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008768:Methylmethacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D011897:Random Allocation; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D013053:Spectrophotometry / Q000295:instrumentation; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014753:Vinyl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000737:chemistry; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D003738:Dental Cements; D008768:Methylmethacrylates; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D014753:Vinyl Compounds; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement; C086076:calcium sulfate, zinc oxide, vinyl acetate, zinc phosphate root canal filling; C031667:IRM cement; D005947:Glucose; D015034:Zinc Oxide; D002133:Calcium Sulfate
keywords: Caviton; IRM; glucose; microleakage; temporary filling materials