title: Two age peaks in the incidence of chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis: a population-based registry study from Norway 2008-2012.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the current study was to estimate sex- and age-specific incidence rates of chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) using population-based registry data. CFS/ME is a debilitating condition with large impact on patients and their families. The etiology is unknown, and the distribution of the disease in the general population has not been well described.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cases of CFS/ME were identified in the Norwegian Patient Register (NPR) for the years 2008 to 2012. The NPR is nationwide and contains diagnoses assigned by specialist health care services (hospitals and outpatient clinics). We estimated sex- and age-specific incidence rates by dividing the number of new cases of CFS/ME in each category by the number of person years at risk. Incidence rate ratios were estimated by Poisson regression with sex, age categories, and year of diagnosis as covariates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 5,809 patients were registered with CFS/ME during 2008 to 2012. The overall incidence rate was 25.8 per 100,000 person years (95% confidence interval (CI): 25.2 to 26.5). The female to male incidence rate ratio of CFS/ME was 3.2 (95% CI: 3.0 to 3.4). The incidence rate varied strongly with age for both sexes, with a first peak in the age group 10 to 19 years and a second peak in the age group 30 to 39 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early etiological clues can sometimes be gained from examination of disease patterns. The strong female preponderance and the two age peaks suggest that sex- and age-specific factors may modulate the risk of CFS/ME.
authors.affiliation: Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, Nydalen, N-0403, Oslo, Norway. inger.johanne.bakken@fhi.no.
authors.forename: Inger Johanne
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Bakken
authors.affiliation: The Norwegian Medical Association, Oslo, Norway. kari.tveito@legeforeningen.no.
authors.forename: Kari
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tveito
authors.affiliation: Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, Nydalen, N-0403, Oslo, Norway. nina.gunnes@fhi.no.
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gunnes
authors.affiliation: Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, Nydalen, N-0403, Oslo, Norway. sara.ghaderi@fhi.no.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ghaderi
authors.affiliation: Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, Nydalen, N-0403, Oslo, Norway. camilla.stoltenberg@fhi.no.|Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. camilla.stoltenberg@fhi.no.
authors.forename: Camilla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stoltenberg
authors.affiliation: Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, Nydalen, N-0403, Oslo, Norway. lill.iren.trogstad@fhi.no.
authors.forename: Lill
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Trogstad
authors.affiliation: Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, Nydalen, N-0403, Oslo, Norway. sirieldevik.haberg@fhi.no.
authors.forename: Siri Eldevik
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Håberg
authors.affiliation: Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, Nydalen, N-0403, Oslo, Norway. per.magnus@fhi.no.
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Magnus
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D015673:Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D012042:Registries; D012107:Research Design; D012737:Sex Factors