title: Pain perception is increased in congenital but not late onset blindness.
abstract: There is now ample evidence that blind individuals outperform sighted individuals in various tasks involving the non-visual senses. In line with these results, we recently showed that visual deprivation from birth leads to an increased sensitivity to pain. As many studies have shown that congenitally and late blind individuals show differences in their degree of compensatory plasticity, we here address the question whether late blind individuals also show hypersensitivity to nociceptive stimulation. We therefore compared pain thresholds and responses to supra-threshold nociceptive stimuli in congenitally blind, late blind and normally sighted volunteers. Participants also filled in questionnaires measuring attention and anxiety towards pain in everyday life. Results show that late blind participants have pain thresholds and ratings of supra-threshold heat nociceptive stimuli similar to the normally sighted, whereas congenitally blind participants are hypersensitive to nociceptive thermal stimuli. Furthermore, results of the pain questionnaires did not allow to discriminate late blind from normal sighted participants, whereas congenitally blind individuals had a different pattern of responses. Taken together, these results suggest that enhanced sensitivity to pain following visual deprivation is likely due to neuroplastic changes related to the early loss of vision.
authors.affiliation: Chaire de recherche Harland Sanders en Sciences de la vision, École d'Optométrie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada; BRAINlab, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Hocine
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Slimani
authors.affiliation: BRAINlab, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Sabrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Danti
authors.affiliation: Chaire de recherche Harland Sanders en Sciences de la vision, École d'Optométrie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada; BRAINlab, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Maurice
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ptito
authors.affiliation: Chaire de recherche Harland Sanders en Sciences de la vision, École d'Optométrie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada; BRAINlab, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Ron
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kupers
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001766:Blindness / Q000151:congenital* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D058748:Pain Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D017288:Pain Threshold / Q000502:physiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D019987:Persons with Visual Disabilities; D055815:Young Adult