title: The effect of lifestyle change and metformin therapy on serum arylesterase and paraoxonase activity in obese children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Obesity is known to be associated with many diseases in the long and short terms. Elevated oxidative stress contributes to the development of such obesity-related diseases as dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Levels of the endogenous antioxidants paraoxonase and arylesterase have been shown to decrease in such diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether or not changes in lifestyle and metformin therapy would affect serum paraoxonase and arylesterase levels.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was performed with 25 overweight, 26 obese and 25 morbidly obese patients aged 6-15 years as well as 27 healthy children. Serum paraoxonase (PON1) and arylesterase (ARE) activity levels and total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density protein, high-density protein, very low-density protein, glucose, aspartate amino transferase and alanine amino transferase levels were measured. Enrolled patients were assessed at initial presentation and again at 6 months. No procedure was performed in the control group, while the overweight, obese and morbidly obese groups were recommended diet and exercise and given metformin therapy (insulin-resistant subjects only).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum PON1 activity levels in patients with metabolic syndrome were significantly lower than those in individuals without metabolic syndrome (p<0.05), while lipid concentrations were significantly higher (p<0.05). Metabolic syndrome patients had higher serum glucose, total cholesterol, low-density protein, very low-density protein and triglyceride values compared to those of the control group but significantly lower high-density protein values (p<0.05). No difference was determined between the groups in terms of PON1 and ARE levels following diet and exercise and metformin therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Measurement of PON1 and ARE enzyme levels may be useful in monitoring the effectiveness of treatment aimed at reducing oxidative stress in obese children.
authors.forename: Atilla
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Çayır
authors.forename: Mehmet İbrahim
authors.initials: Mİ
authors.lastname: Turan
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gurbuz
authors.forename: Nezahat
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kurt
authors.forename: Abdulkadir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yildirim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000097:blood*; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases / Q000097:blood*; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008687:Metformin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009765:Obesity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D008687:Metformin; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases; C019734:arylesterase; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase