title: [Introduction of mutations in insulin molecule: positive and negative mutations].
abstract: Introduction of mutations in an insulin molecule is one of the important approaches to drug development for treatment of diabetes mellitus. Generally, usage of mutations is aimed at activation of insulin and insulin receptor interaction. Such mutations can be considered as positive. Mutations that reduce the binding efficacy are negative. There are neutral mutations as well. This article considers both natural mutations that are typical for various members of the insulin superfamily and artificial ones which are introduced to improve the insulin pharmacological characteristics. Data presented here can be useful in developing new effective insulin analogues for treatment of diabetes mellitus.
authors.forename: O I
authors.initials: OI
authors.lastname: Ksenofontova
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D007328:Insulin / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D011485:Protein Binding; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D011972:Receptor, Insulin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D040681:Structural Homology, Protein
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D011972:Receptor, Insulin
keywords: drug development; insulin; mutations