title: [Regulatory effects of polyporus polysaccharide on the expressions of cytokines released from M1 macrophages].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the regulatory effects of polyporus polysaccharide (PPS) on mRNA expressions of interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and IL-10 in M1 macrophages.
  
  
  METHODS
  RAW264.7 macrophages were randomly divided into five groups, negative control, M1 macrophayes, 50 μg/mL PPS, 100 μg/mL PPS, and 200 μg/mL PPS. M1 macrophages was induced by interferon γ (IFN-γ). Flow cytometry was subsequently used to examine the expressions of biomakers of M1 macrophages , such as CD16/CD32 and CD86. To observe the effects of PPS on M1 macrophages at graded levels, real-time PCR was performed to evaluate the mRNA expressions of IL-1β, IL-10, iNOS, TGF-β and TNF-α.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expressions of CD16/CD32 and CD86 in RAW264.7 macrophages significantly increased by IFN-γ, as compared with the cells without IFN-γ treatment. The mRNA levels of IL-1β, iNOS, IL-10, TGF-β and TNF-α were raised by 100 μg/mL PPS at 3, 6, 9, 12 and 24 hours (P<0.01). Moreover, the mRNA expressions of these factors could be elevated by the 6 hour-treatment of PPS at different concentrations (P<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  M1 macrophages of can be induced from RAW264.7 cells by stimulation of IFN-γ alone. In addition, PPS can promote the mRNA expressions of IL-1β, iNOS, IL-10, TGF-β and TNF-α in M1 macrophages.
authors.affiliation: Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
authors.forename: Zebo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
authors.forename: Runyue
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
authors.forename: Xian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
authors.forename: Jingping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
authors.forename: Xing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zeng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051940:B7-2 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics; D055492:Polyporus / Q000737:chemistry*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017452:Receptors, IgG / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D051940:B7-2 Antigen; D016207:Cytokines; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D011134:Polysaccharides; D017452:Receptors, IgG; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II