title: Phase II study of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with S-1 in patients with stage II (T2N0M0) squamous cell carcinoma of the Pharynx or Larynx.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The goals of treatment for head and neck cancer are cure and organ-function preservation. For organ preservation, primary treatment via radiotherapy alone is thought to be insufficient for Stage II squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx, oropharynx or hypopharynx. The objective of the present study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with S-1 for patients with Stage II squamous cell carcinoma of the pharynx or larynx for primary organ preservation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Previously untreated patients with Stage II squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx, oropharynx or hypopharynx received three courses of S-1 (40 or 50 mg twice a day; 2 weeks of administration followed by 1 week of rest every 3 weeks) during conventional radiotherapy (a single daily fraction of 1.8 Gy) to a total dose of 70.2 Gy. The primary endpoint was the local control rate at 3 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From August 2009 to October 2012, 37 patients were evaluated for the study. The overall response rate was 100%. The 3-year local control rate was 89.0% (95% confidence interval, 78.9-99.2%), and the 3-year overall survival rate was 97.2% (95% confidence interval, 91.8-100%). Mucositis and dermatitis in the radiation field were the most common acute adverse events observed. The rates of Grade 3 mucositis and dermatitis were 27 and 35%, respectively. No patients experienced Grade 4 acute adverse events. The treatment completion rate was 89.2%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Concurrent chemoradiotherapy with S-1 was safe and effective in improving local control for Stage II squamous cell carcinoma of the pharynx or larynx.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama ttaguchi@yokohama-cu.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Takahide
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Taguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama.
authors.forename: Goshi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama.
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Shiono
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama.
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sano
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama.
authors.forename: Yasunori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakuma
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Fujisawa City Hospital, Kanagawa.
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanigaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kubota
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama.
authors.forename: Masataka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taguri
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaharu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hata
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama.
authors.forename: Nobuhiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Oridate
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000628:therapy*; D059248:Chemoradiotherapy; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010094:Oxonic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010610:Pharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D005641:Tegafur / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D004338:Drug Combinations; C079198:S 1 (combination); D005641:Tegafur; D010094:Oxonic Acid
keywords: S-1; chemoradiotherapy; hypopharyngeal cancer; laryngeal cancer; oropharyngeal cancer