title: Gingival crevicular fluid interleukin-36β (-1F8), interleukin-36γ (-1F9) and interleukin-33 (-1F11) levels in different periodontal disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Periodontal inflammation is driven by the coordinated action of a number of factors, including the IL-1 family. Our study aimed to examine the levels of interleukin (IL)-36β, IL-36γ and IL-33 levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from patients with different periodontal diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 80 subjects, 20 patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis (G-AgP), 20 patients with chronic periodontitis (CP), 20 with gingivitis and 20 periodontally healthy subjects were included. Periodontal status was evaluated by measuring probing depth, clinical attachment loss, papillary bleeding index and plaque index. GCF cytokine levels were analysed by ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CP, gingivitis and healthy groups had similar GCF IL-36β total amount (p>0.008). G-AgP group had elevated IL-36β total amount compared to CP group (p<0.008). G-AgP group had similar GCF IL-36β total amount to gingivitis and healthy groups (p>0.008). GCF IL-36γ and IL-33 total amounts of the study groups were similar (p>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study demonstrated for the first time the presence of IL-36β, IL-36γ and IL-33 GCF levels with different periodontal diseases. High levels of IL-36-β in the AgP group in comparison to CP group might suggest that periodontitis in the aggressive form could be related to the increase in GCF IL-36β.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sabri Fatih
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Kurşunlu
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey.
authors.forename: Veli Özgen
authors.initials: VÖ
authors.lastname: Oztürk
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Buket
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Celal Bayar University, School of Science, Department of Biology, Manisa, Turkey.
authors.forename: Harika
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Atmaca
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey. Electronic address: gemingil@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Gülnur
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Emingil
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D010520:Aggressive Periodontitis / Q000378:metabolism*; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000378:metabolism*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D000067596:Interleukin-33; D007378:Interleukins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: C506536:IL33 protein, human; C508588:IL36B protein, human; C508589:IL36G protein, human; D007375:Interleukin-1; D000067596:Interleukin-33; D007378:Interleukins
keywords: Gingival crevicular fluid; IL-33; IL-36β; IL-36γ; Periodontal disease/pathogenesis