title: A-to-I editing on tRNAs: biochemical, biological and evolutionary implications.
abstract: Inosine on transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are post-transcriptionally formed by a deamination mechanism of adenosines at positions 34, 37 and 57 of certain tRNAs. Despite its ubiquitous nature, the biological role of inosine in tRNAs remains poorly understood. Recent developments in the study of nucleotide modifications are beginning to indicate that the dynamics of such modifications are used in the control of specific genetic programs. Likewise, the essentiality of inosine-modified tRNAs in genome evolution and animal biology is becoming apparent. Here we review our current understanding on the role of inosine in tRNAs, the enzymes that catalyze the modification and the evolutionary link between such enzymes and other deaminases.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), C/ Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona 08028, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: Adrian Gabriel
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.affiliation: Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), C/ Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona 08028, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Piñeyro
authors.affiliation: Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), C/ Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona 08028, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: Liudmila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Filonava
authors.affiliation: Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), C/ Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona 08028, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: Travis H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Stracker
authors.affiliation: Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), C/ Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona 08028, Catalonia, Spain; Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), P/ Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona 08010, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: Eduard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Batlle
authors.affiliation: Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), C/ Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona 08028, Catalonia, Spain; Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), P/ Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona 08010, Catalonia, Spain. Electronic address: lluis.ribas@irbbarcelona.org.
authors.forename: Lluis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ribas de Pouplana
mesh_terms: D000241:Adenosine / Q000378:metabolism*; D000243:Adenosine Deaminase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D006801:Humans; D007288:Inosine / Q000378:metabolism*; D017393:RNA Editing; D012343:RNA, Transfer / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D007288:Inosine; D012343:RNA, Transfer; D000243:Adenosine Deaminase; D000241:Adenosine
keywords: Adenosine deaminase acting on tRNA; Codon usage; Deaminase; Evolution; Inosine; Transfer RNA