title: A proteomic analysis of human follicular fluid: comparison between younger and older women with normal FSH levels.
abstract: The follicular fluid (FF) is produced during folliculogenesis and contains a variety of proteins that play important roles in follicle development and oocyte maturation. Age-related infertility is usually considered as a problem that can be solved by assisted reproduction technology. Therefore, the identiﬁcation of novel biomarkers that are linked to reproductive aging is the subject of this study. FF was obtained from healthy younger (20-32 years old) and older (38-42 years old) women undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) due to male factor infertility. The FF was analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). The power of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and the identiﬁcation of proteins were exploited using matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight/time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF-TOF) mass spectrometry. Twenty three protein spots showed reproducible and significant changes in the aged compared to the young group. Of these, 19 protein spots could be identified using MALDI-TOF-TOF-MS. As a result of MASCOT search, five unique downregulated proteins were identified in the older group. These were identified as serotransferrin, hemopexin precursor, complement C3, C4 and kininogen. A number of protein markers were found that may help develop diagnostic methods of infertility.
authors.affiliation: Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 1579461357, Iran. hashemi-m@ajums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Mahmoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hashemitabar
authors.affiliation: Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 1579461357, Iran. bahmanazdeh.m@ajums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bahmanzadeh
authors.affiliation: Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714415185, Iran. amostafaie@kums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mostafaie
authors.affiliation: Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 1579461357, Iran. m_orazizadeh@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Mahmoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Orazizadeh
authors.affiliation: Endometr and Endometriosis Research Center, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan 6517789971, Iran. dr_Farimani@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Marzieh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Farimani
authors.affiliation: Fertility and Infertility & Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 6193673166, Iran. Rosnikba@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Roshan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nikbakht
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D015571:Follicular Fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008677:Metaphase; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009865:Oocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D010053:Ovary / Q000196:embryology; D020543:Proteome / Q000032:analysis*; D040901:Proteomics; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D014168:Transferrin / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D020543:Proteome; D014168:Transferrin; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone