title: Microbial translocation and T cell activation are not associated in chronic HIV-infected children.
abstract: A cross-sectional study of 77 chronic HIV-infected children revealed higher levels of biomarkers of inflammation (ultrasensitive C-reactive protein, D-dimer and β-2-microglobulin), immune activation (HLA-DR+ CD38+ CD4+ and CD8+ T cells) and microbial translocation [lipopolysaccaride (LPS), microbial 16S rDNA and sCD14] than 32 healthy controls. Immune activation was higher in viremic children, but microbial translocation occurred independently of viraemia and T cell activation. Our results do not support a relevant role of microbial translocation in T cell activation in chronic HIV-infected children, proposing a need to develop strategies to minimize microbial translocation in the future.
authors.affiliation: aUnidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunopatologias, Hospital Infantil Virgen del Rocio, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Sevilla bUnitat d'Infectologia, Servei de Pediatria, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona cCentre for International Health Research, Barcelona dUnidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Microbiología y Medicina Preventiva, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Sevilla eServei d'Hematologia, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona fServicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Sevilla gServei de Laboratori Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Lola
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Madrid
authors.forename: Antoni
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Noguera-Julian
authors.forename: Lola
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Falcon-Neyra
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fortuny
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: De Felipe
authors.forename: Montserrat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Torrebadell
authors.forename: Berta
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sanchez
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Valls
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: López-Cortès
authors.forename: Omar J
authors.initials: OJ
authors.lastname: Benmarzouk-Hidalgo
authors.forename: Olaf
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Neth
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D018988:Bacterial Translocation / Q000276:immunology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008297:Male; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*