title: Application of urine proteomics for biomarker discovery in drug-induced liver injury.
abstract: Abstract The leading cause of hepatic damage is drug-induced liver injury (DILI), for which currently no adequate predictive biomarkers are available. Moreover, for most drugs related to DILI, the mechanisms underlying the adverse reaction have not yet been elucidated. Urinary protein biomarker candidates for DILI have emerged in the past few years and correlate well with clinical studies for serum DILI biomarkers. The goal of this review was to investigate the use of urine as a source of protein biomarkers for drug-induced liver injury. Finally, we discuss some of the current strategies required to advance the field of biomarker discovery for DILI with respect to appropriate clinical biobanking and adequate translational research.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen , the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Rachel P L
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: van Swelm
authors.forename: Cornelis
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kramers
authors.forename: Rosalinde
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Masereeuw
authors.forename: Frans G M
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Russel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine*; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000652:urine*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: LC-MS/MS; MALDI-TOF MS; acetaminophen; diclofenac; fibrosis; gel electrophoresis; hepatocellular injury; idiosyncratic; methotrexate; oxidative stress