title: Emerging markers of atherosclerosis before and after bariatric surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to assess the emerging biochemical markers of arterial remodeling in patients with morbid obesity before and after surgical treatment and to compare the results to a control group.
  
  
  METHODS
  The prospective study included 40 patients with BMI 47.73 ± 6.18 kg/m(2), qualified for elective bariatric surgery and re-examined 6 months after the surgery. The control group consisted of non obese, age and sex matched 15 subjects. Following laboratory examinations were performed in all patients: basic laboratory examinations, MMP-2, MMP-9, adiponectin, PAI-1, CD40L, E-selectin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Examination of patients 6 m after bariatric surgery revealed a 34.57 ± 9.71 reduction in excess body weight. Comparison of the study group at two time points revealed differences in adiponectin, MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels. Hypoadiponectinemia was observed in 35 % patients 6 months after bariatric surgery compared to 90 % patients before the surgery. In addition, a strong correlation was observed between body fat mass and adiponectin levels (r = -0.504, p = 0.055). Moderate correlations were demonstrated between E-selectin levels and BMI (r = 0.361; p = 0.022), and metalloproteinase-9 levels (r = 0.326; p = 0.040). In addition, strong relationship was demonstrated between MMP-2 and MMP-9 (r = 0.502; p = 0.001), and moderate between MMP-2 and adiponectin levels (r = 0.449; p = 0.003). MMP-9 levels were moderately correlated with HDL-cholesterol levels (r = 0.316; p = 0.046).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Assessment of laboratory markers of arterial remodeling and metabolism suggest their adverse changes in patients with morbid obesity. However, body mass reduction due to bariatric surgery decreases inflammatory status, improves biochemical markers of arterial remodeling as well as to beneficial changes in the metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Medicine and Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Lindley'a 5, 02-005, Warsaw, Poland, jdomienik@tlen.pl.
authors.forename: Justyna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Domienik-Karłowicz
authors.forename: Zuzanna
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Rymarczyk
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Dzikowska-Diduch
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lisik
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chmura
authors.forename: Urszula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Demkow
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pruszczyk
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood / Q000172:deficiency; D000328:Adult; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D050110:Bariatric Surgery; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D023201:CD40 Ligand / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000097:blood; D008661:Metabolism, Inborn Errors / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000097:blood; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers; D019040:E-Selectin; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D023201:CD40 Ligand; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases