title: Effects of oils rich in linoleic and α-linolenic acids on fatty acid profile and gene expression in goat meat.
abstract: Alteration of the lipid content and fatty acid (FA) composition of foods can result in a healthier product. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of flaxseed oil or sunflower oil in the goat diet on fatty acid composition of muscle and expression of lipogenic genes in the semitendinosus (ST) muscle. Twenty-one entire male Boer kid goats were fed diets containing different levels of linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (LNA) for 100 days. Inclusion of flaxseed oil increased (p < 0.05) the α-linolenic acid (C18:3n-3) concentration in the ST muscle. The diet high in α-linolenic acid (p < 0.05) decreased the arachidonic acid (C20:4n-6) and conjugated linolenic acid (CLA) c-9 t-11 content in the ST muscle. There was a significant (p < 0.05) upregulation of PPARα and PPARγ gene expression and downregulation of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) gene in the ST muscle for the high α-linolenic acid group compared with the low α-linolenic acid group. The results of the present study show that flaxseed oil as a source of α-linolenic acid can be incorporated into the diets of goats to enrich goat meat with n-3 fatty acids, upregulate the PPARα and PPARγ, and downregulate the SCD gene expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia. mehdiebrahimii@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mahdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ebrahimi
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia. mohdali@upm.edu.my.
authors.forename: Mohamed Ali
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rajion
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia. gohyngmeng@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Yong Meng
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Goh
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006041:Goats; D006801:Humans; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated / Q000378:metabolism; D008043:Linseed Oil / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D047493:PPAR alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; D015854:Up-Regulation; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated; D047493:PPAR alpha; D047495:PPAR gamma; D010938:Plant Oils; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D008043:Linseed Oil; D019787:Linoleic Acid; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase