title: Prevalence and prognosis of percutaneous coronary intervention-associated nephropathy in patients with acute coronary syndrome and normal kidney function.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence, risk factors, and short- and long-term prognosis of patients with acute coronary syndrome and normal renal function who developed percutaneous coronary intervention-associated nephropathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was an observational, retrospective, single-center study with a prospective follow-up of 470 consecutive patients hospitalized for acute coronary syndrome (not in cardiogenic shock) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention, with no preexisting renal failure (admission creatinine ≤ 1.3mg/dL). Percutaneous coronary intervention-associated was defined as an increase in baseline creatinine ≥ 0.5 mg/dL or ≥ 25% baseline. The mean follow-up was 26.7 (14) months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 470 patients, 30 (6.4%) developed percutaneous coronary intervention-associated nepfhropathy. The independent predictors for acute renal failure were admission hemoglobin level (odds ratio = 0.71) and maximum troponin I level prior to the procedure (odds ratio = 1.02). During the long-term follow-up, the patients whose renal function deteriorated had a higher incidence of total mortality (5 [16.7%] vs 27 [6.1%]; P = .027). In the Cox regression analysis, percutaneous coronary intervention-associated nepfhropathy was not an independent predictor for total mortality, but could be a predictor for cardiac mortality (hazard ratio=5.4; 95% confidence interval 1.35-21.3; P = .017).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Percutaneous coronary intervention-associated nephropathy in patients with acute coronary syndrome and normal preexisting renal function is not uncommon and influences long-term survival.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: lorenzo_hm@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hernando
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Ester
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Canovas
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Freites
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de la Rosa
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Alonso
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: del Castillo
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Salinas
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Gema Beatriz
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Montalvo
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana Isabel
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Huelmos
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Botas
mesh_terms: D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D062645:Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Acute coronary syndrome; Intervencionismo coronario percutáneo; Kidney; Percutaneous coronary intervention; Riñón; Síndrome coronario agudo