title: [The effect of Xinfeng capsule treatment on the number of BTLA(+)T cells and oxidative stress of patients with ankylosing spondylitis].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the changes of B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), total antioxidative capacity (TAOC) in the patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and the effect of Xinfeng capsule (XFC) on them.
  
  
  METHODS
  AS patients (n=140) were randomly divided into two groups, XFC group (3 tablets each time, tid, n=70) and salicylazosulfapyridine (SASP) group (4 pills each time, bid, n=70). Continuous treatment lasts 3 months. The study also enrolled 60 healthy volunteers as a control group. Flow cytometry was used to test BTLA expression. ELISA was performed to detect the oxidative stress indicators (ROS, RNS, MDA, SOD, CAT, TAOC) and cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, IL-1β, TNF-α). Western blotting was adopted to examine the blood sedimentation (ESR). HITACHI 7060 automatic biochemical analyzer was used to determine the level of high sensitive C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Clinical efficacy of XFC group was significantly better than that of SASP group (P<0.01). Compared with the healthy control group, AS patients had significantly lower BTLA expression in CD3(+) T cells and CD4(+) T cells from the peripheral blood (P<0.01 or P<0.05), the decreased levels of SOD, CAT and TAOC, and significantly increased ROS, RNS and MDA values (P<0.01 or P<0.05). In addition, the levels of serum IL-1β, TNF-α, ESR and Hs-CRP were significantly higher (P<0.01) and IL-4, IL-10 were significantly lower in AS patients (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Compared with pre-treatment, both XFC and SASP significantly elevated the expressions of BTLA(+)CD3(+) T, BTLA(+)CD4(+) T, BTLA, SOD, TAOC, IL-4, SF-36 (PF, SF, RP, RE, BP, MH, VT, GH) eight dimension scores, and reduced ROS, MDA, TNF-α, ESR, Hs-CRP, VAS, BASDAI, BASFI and BAS-G in the peripheral blood (P<0.01 or P<0.05). The differences between XFC group and SASP group were statistically significant (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that BTLA expression level in the peripheral blood was positively correlated with SOD, RP, BP, SF and RE. BTLA(+)CD3(+) T cells and BTLA*CD4(+) T cells were significantly negatively correlated with ROS, MDA, IL-1β, TNF-α, ESR, VAS and BASDAI, and they were positively correlated with TAOC, IL-4 and IL-10. BTLA(+)CD3(+) T cells were significantly negatively correlated with RNS, Hs-CRP and BASFI; BTLA(+)CD4(+) T cells were positively correlated with CAT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  XFC can improve BTLA expression in the peripheral blood of AS patients and regulate negatively the activation and proliferation of T cells.
authors.affiliation: Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China.
authors.forename: Yajun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Biology, City of Hope National Medical Center and Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China.
authors.forename: Yunxiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002214:Capsules; D002374:Catalase / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D008517:Phytotherapy / Q000379:methods; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D013167:Spondylitis, Ankylosing / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D012460:Sulfasalazine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; C482586:BTLA protein, human; D002214:Capsules; D016207:Cytokines; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; C533622:xinfeng; D012460:Sulfasalazine; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase