title: Getting more out of less--a quantitative serological screening tool for simultaneous detection of multiple influenza A hemagglutinin-types in chickens.
abstract: Current avian influenza surveillance in poultry primarily targets subtypes of interest for the veterinary sector (H5, H7). However, as virological and serological evidence suggest, surveillance of additional subtypes is important for public health as well as for the poultry industry. Therefore, we developed a protein microarray enabling simultaneous identification of antibodies directed against different HA-types of influenza A viruses in chickens. The assay successfully discriminated negative from experimentally and naturally infected, seropositive chickens. Sensitivity and specificity depended on the cut-off level used but ranged from 84.4% to 100% and 100%, respectively, for a cut off level of ≥ 1:40, showing minimal cross reactivity. As this testing platform is also validated for the use in humans, it constitutes a surveillance tool that can be applied in human-animal interface studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Emerging Infectious Diseases, Division of Virology, Centre for Infectious Diseases Research, Diagnostics and Perinatal Screening, Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Gudrun S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Freidl
authors.affiliation: Emerging Infectious Diseases, Division of Virology, Centre for Infectious Diseases Research, Diagnostics and Perinatal Screening, Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Erwin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: de Bruin
authors.affiliation: Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Emerging Infectious Diseases, Division of Virology, Centre for Infectious Diseases Research, Diagnostics and Perinatal Screening, Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Janko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van Beek
authors.affiliation: Emerging Infectious Diseases, Division of Virology, Centre for Infectious Diseases Research, Diagnostics and Perinatal Screening, Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Reimerink
authors.affiliation: GD Animal Health Service (AHS), Deventer, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Sjaak
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: de Wit
authors.affiliation: Central Veterinary Institute (CVI), Lelystad, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Guus
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Koch
authors.affiliation: Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Lonneke
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vervelde
authors.affiliation: Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Henk-Jan
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: van den Ham
authors.affiliation: Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Emerging Infectious Diseases, Division of Virology, Centre for Infectious Diseases Research, Diagnostics and Perinatal Screening, Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marion P G
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Koopmans
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus