title: Effects of inner volume field-of-view reduction on myocardial T2 mapping.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Inner volume (IV) excitation was explored with respect to scan time reduction of cardiac gated double inversion recovery multi-echo fast spin echo (MEFSE) to measure the transverse relaxation time (T2 ) in the myocardium.
  
  
  METHODS
  The IV imaging was achieved by applying orthogonal slice selection for the excitation and refocusing pulses. The T2 map accuracy was investigated using different excitation and refocusing pulses. The performance of IV-MEFSE was compared with MEFSE on phantoms and eight healthy volunteers, acquiring eight echo times in a single breath-hold.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with MEFSE, IV-MEFSE allowed a scan time reduction from 26 s to 16 s, but caused a T2 overestimation of approximately 10% due to stimulated echoes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IV successfully reduced the scan time to a single breath-hold feasible for many patients and remarkably facilitated the scan prescription, because there was no image aliasing concern. Care should be taken in using IV for T2 mapping because of T2 relaxation time overestimation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Information Engineering: EIT, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.|GE Global Research Europe, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gibiino
authors.affiliation: GE Global Research Europe, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Silke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lechner-Greite
authors.affiliation: GE Global Research Europe, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schirmer
authors.affiliation: Fondazione Gabriele Monasterio CNR- Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy.|Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Positano
authors.affiliation: GE Healthcare, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Anja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brau
authors.affiliation: Synaptive Medical Inc, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Jeffrey A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Stainsby
authors.affiliation: GE Healthcare, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Glenn S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Slavin
authors.affiliation: Department of Information Engineering: EIT, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.|Fondazione Gabriele Monasterio CNR- Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy.|Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Landini
authors.affiliation: GE Global Research Europe, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Martin A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Janich
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D055424:Cardiac-Gated Imaging Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
keywords: RF pulse design; T2 mapping; cardiac imaging; inner volume