title: Bioequivalence of saxagliptin/metformin extended-release (XR) fixed-dose combination tablets and single-component saxagliptin and metformin XR tablets in healthy adult Chinese subjects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  As compared with individual tablets, saxagliptin/metformin extended-release (XR) fixed-dose combination (FDC) tablets offer the potential for increased patient compliance with the convenience of once daily dosing. The aim of the present study was to show that the FDC of saxagliptin and metformin XR is bioequivalent to co-administration of the individual components when given to Chinese subjects residing in China.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a randomized, open-label, single-dose, two-period, cross-over pharmacokinetic study in two cohorts of healthy adult Chinese male subjects (n = 32 in each cohort) under fed conditions. In cohort 1, the pharmacokinetic properties of a saxagliptin/metformin XR 5/500 mg FDC tablet were compared with those of co-administration of a 5 mg saxagliptin tablet and a 500 mg metformin XR tablet. In cohort 2, the pharmacokinetic properties of a saxagliptin/metformin XR 5/1,000 mg FDC tablet were compared with those of co-administration of a 5 mg saxagliptin tablet and 2 × 500 mg metformin XR tablets. The two cohorts were independent of each other with respect to treatment and results. The pharmacokinetic properties of the active metabolite of saxagliptin (5-hydroxy-saxagliptin), as well as the safety and tolerability of each treatment, were also evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For both cohorts, saxagliptin and metformin in the FDCs were bioequivalent to the individual components, as the limits of the 90 % confidence intervals of the geometric least squares mean ratios were contained within the 80-125 % bioequivalence limits for the area under the plasma concentration-time curve parameters and within the 70-143 % bioequivalence limits for the maximum plasma concentration. Similar exposures of 5-hydroxy-saxagliptin were observed with the two treatment regimens within each cohort. Co-administration of saxagliptin and metformin XR was generally safe and well tolerated as the FDCs or as individual tablets.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Saxagliptin/metformin XR 5/500 mg and saxagliptin/metformin XR 5/1,000 mg FDCs were bioequivalent to individual tablets of saxagliptin and metformin XR of the same strengths and were generally well tolerated. These results in healthy Chinese subjects are consistent with those of previous assessments of saxagliptin/metformin XR FDC in the saxagliptin clinical development programme.
authors.affiliation: AstraZeneca Global Medicines Development, Pepparedsleden 1, SE-431 83, Mölndal, Sweden, anders.gummesson@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gummesson
authors.forename: Haiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gillen
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Niazi
authors.forename: Boaz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hirshberg
mesh_terms: D000218:Adamantane / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002681:China; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004151:Dipeptides / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008687:Metformin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D013607:Tablets; D013810:Therapeutic Equivalency; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004151:Dipeptides; D013607:Tablets; D008687:Metformin; C502994:saxagliptin; D000218:Adamantane