title: Hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of Sarcandra glabra polysaccharide in type 2 diabetic mice.
abstract: Sarcandra glabra (Thunb.) Nakai is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine and dietary supplement used for treating several diseases. The anti-diabetic activity of S. glabra polysaccharides is reported for the first time. The in vitro α-glucosidase inhibition assay indicated that the acidic S. glabra polysaccharide (SGP-2) has an IC50 of 87.06 ± 11.76 μg mL(-1), which was much lower than acarbose at 338.90 ± 46.86 μg mL(-1). Moreover, high fat diet (HFD) with streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic mice were administered SGP-2 (150, 300, or 600 mg kg(-1) per day, respectively) for 3 weeks. Postprandial blood glucose levels (PBGL), total cholesterol, triglyceride and free fatty acid levels in diabetic mice treated with SGP-2 were significantly decreased (p < 0.05) compared to those of the model group. The results of the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and the homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index indicated that SGP-2 could significantly improve (p < 0.05) the insulin resistance and glucose tolerance in diabetic mice. Furthermore, the activities of antioxidant enzymes, hexokinase and pyruvate kinase were significantly increased (p < 0.05) in SGP-2 treated groups. Thus we proposed that SGP-2 exerted hypoglycemic activity by relieving insulin resistance, reducing postprandial blood glucose levels and ameliorating lipid metabolism, as well as alleviating oxidative stress. These data suggested that SGP-2 with anti-hyperglycemic activity could be used in medicinal preparations for diabetes mellitus and its complications.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China. wbyao@cpu.edu.cn xdgao@cpu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Zhenzhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Wenbing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Xiangdong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006593:Hexokinase / Q000378:metabolism; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D011770:Pyruvate Kinase / Q000378:metabolism; D064028:Tracheophyta / Q000737:chemistry; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001786:Blood Glucose; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011134:Polysaccharides; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol; D006593:Hexokinase; D011770:Pyruvate Kinase; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases