title: Synthesis, characterization and in vitro study of biocompatible cinnamaldehyde functionalized magnetite nanoparticles (CPGF Nps) for hyperthermia and drug delivery applications in breast cancer.
abstract: Cinnamaldehyde, the bioactive component of the spice cinnamon, and its derivatives have been shown to possess anti-cancer activity against various cancer cell lines. However, its hydrophobic nature invites attention for efficient drug delivery systems that would enhance the bioavailability of cinnamaldehyde without affecting its bioactivity. Here, we report the synthesis of stable aqueous suspension of cinnamaldehyde tagged Fe3O4 nanoparticles capped with glycine and pluronic polymer (CPGF NPs) for their potential application in drug delivery and hyperthermia in breast cancer. The monodispersed superparamagnetic NPs had an average particulate size of ∼ 20 nm. TGA data revealed the drug payload of ∼ 18%. Compared to the free cinnamaldehyde, CPGF NPs reduced the viability of breast cancer cell lines, MCF7 and MDAMB231, at lower doses of cinnamaldehyde suggesting its increased bioavailability and in turn its therapeutic efficacy in the cells. Interestingly, the NPs were non-toxic to the non-cancerous HEK293 and MCF10A cell lines compared to the free cinnamaldehyde. The novelty of CPGF nanoparticulate system was that it could induce cytotoxicity in both ER/PR positive/Her2 negative (MCF7) and ER/PR negative/Her2 negative (MDAMB231) breast cancer cells, the latter being insensitive to most of the chemotherapeutic drugs. The NPs decreased the growth of the breast cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner and altered their migration through reduction in MMP-2 expression. CPGF NPs also decreased the expression of VEGF, an important oncomarker of tumor angiogenesis. They induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells through loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and activation of caspase-3. Interestingly, upon exposure to the radiofrequency waves, the NPs heated up to 41.6 °C within 1 min, suggesting their promise as a magnetic hyperthermia agent. All these findings indicate that CPGF NPs prove to be potential nano-chemotherapeutic agents in breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Cell and Translational Research Laboratory, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth University Medical College Campus, Dhankawadi, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Kirtee D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Wani
authors.affiliation: Nanoscience Group, Department of Chemistry, Post-graduate and Research Center, MES Abasaheb Garware College, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Brijesh S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Kadu
authors.affiliation: Cell and Translational Research Laboratory, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth University Medical College Campus, Dhankawadi, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Prakash
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mansara
authors.affiliation: Physical and Material Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Preeti
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of Pune, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Avinash V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Deore
authors.affiliation: Nanoscience Group, Department of Chemistry, Post-graduate and Research Center, MES Abasaheb Garware College, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Rajeev C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Chikate
authors.affiliation: Physical and Material Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Pankaj
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Poddar
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of Pune, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Sanjay D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Dhole
authors.affiliation: Cell and Translational Research Laboratory, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth University Medical College Campus, Dhankawadi, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Ruchika
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kaul-Ghanekar
mesh_terms: D000171:Acrolein / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D004355:Drug Stability; D005260:Female; D005998:Glycine / Q000737:chemistry; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D007700:Kinetics; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D020442:Poloxamer / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D004337:Drug Carriers; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D020442:Poloxamer; D000171:Acrolein; C012843:cinnamaldehyde; D005998:Glycine