title: Direct ultrasensitive electrical detection of prostate cancer biomarkers with CMOS-compatible n- and p-type silicon nanowire sensor arrays.
abstract: Sensitive and quantitative analysis of proteins is central to disease diagnosis, drug screening, and proteomic studies. Here, a label-free, real-time, simultaneous and ultrasensitive prostate-specific antigen (PSA) sensor was developed using CMOS-compatible silicon nanowire field effect transistors (SiNW FET). Highly responsive n- and p-type SiNW arrays were fabricated and integrated on a single chip with a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) compatible anisotropic self-stop etching technique which eliminated the need for a hybrid method. The incorporated n- and p-type nanowires revealed complementary electrical response upon PSA binding, providing a unique means of internal control for sensing signal verification. The highly selective, simultaneous and multiplexed detection of PSA marker at attomolar concentrations, a level useful for clinical diagnosis of prostate cancer, was demonstrated. The detection ability was corroborated to be effective by comparing the detection results at different pH values. Furthermore, the real-time measurement was also carried out in a clinically relevant sample of blood serum, indicating the practicable development of rapid, robust, high-performance, and low-cost diagnostic systems.
authors.affiliation: Science and Technology on Micro-system Laboratory, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200050, Shanghai, China. ylwang@mail.sim.ac.cn tli@mail.sim.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Anran
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Pengfei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Chunhai
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Yuelin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Tie
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004563:Electrochemistry; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D008670:Metals / Q000737:chemistry; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D053770:Nanowires; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000737:chemistry*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D040901:Proteomics; D012666:Semiconductors; D012825:Silicon / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D008670:Metals; D010087:Oxides; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen; D012825:Silicon