title: Inflammation and renal function after a four-year follow-up in subjects with unimpaired glomerular filtration rate: results from the observational, population-based CARLA cohort.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is evidence that chronic inflammation is associated with the progression/development of chronic renal failure; however, relations in subjects with preserved renal function remain insufficiently understood.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine the association of inflammation with the development of renal failure in a cohort of the elderly general population.
  
  
  METHODS
  After excluding subjects with reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR<60 mL/min/1.73 m2) and missing data, the cohort incorporated 785 men and 659 women (aged 45-83 years). Follow-up was performed four years after baseline. Covariate adjusted linear and logistic regression models were used to assess the association of plasma/serum concentrations of soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor 1 (sTNF-R1), C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) with change in eGFR/creatinine. The areas under the curve (AUCs) from receiver operating characteristics (ROCs) were estimated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In adjusted models sTNF-R1 was distinctively associated with a decline in eGFR in men (0.6 mL/min/1.73 m2 per 100 pg/mL sTNF-R1; 95% CI: 0.4-0.8), but not in women. A similar association could not be found for CRP or IL-6. Estimates of sTNF-R1 in the cross-sectional analyses were similar between sexes, while CRP and IL-6 were not relevantly associated with eGFR/creatinine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the elderly male general population with preserved renal function sTNF-R1 predicts the development of renal failure.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Medenwald
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine II, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Girndt
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine III, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany.
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Loppnow
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kluttig
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine III, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany.
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nuding
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tiller
authors.affiliation: Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Joachim J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Thiery
authors.affiliation: German Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Karin H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Greiser
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany.
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Haerting
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine III, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany.
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Werdan
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D003404:Creatinine