title: Prevalence and risk factors for gastroschisis in a public hospital from west México.
abstract: Mexico is recognized as a country with a high prevalence of gastroschisis, although the cause of this remains unclear. We define the prevalence and potential risk factors for gastroschisis in a public hospital from west México. A case-control study was conducted among 270 newborns, including 90 patients with nonsyndromic gastroschisis (cases) and 180 infants without birth defects (controls), born all during the period 2009 to 2013 at the Hospital Civil de Guadalajara "Dr. Juan I. Menchaca" (Guadalajara, Mexico), from a total of 51,145 live births. Potential maternal risk factors for gastroschisis were compared using multivariate logistic regression analysis to evaluate the deviance explained by different variables of interest. The overall prevalence of gastroschisis in live births was 17.6 per 10,000 births (95% confidence interval [CI] 14.0-21.2), whereas in offspring of women ≤ 19 years old was 29.9 per 10,000 births (95% CI 21.9-38.0). Mothers ≤ 19 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.8: 95% CI 1.5-5.1), anemia during pregnancy (aOR 10.7; 95% CI 2.0-56.9), first-trimester exposure to hormonal contraceptives (aOR 3.7; 95% CI 1.0-13.0), and first-trimester alcohol consumption (aOR 3.4; 95% CI 1.6-7.3), were associated with gastroschisis. Contrarily, adjusted OR for pre-pregnancy body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m(2) has protective odds (aOR 0.2; 95% CI 0.1-0.5). Our results suggest an increased risk for gastroschisis among mothers under the age of 20, with anemia during pregnancy, and those who used hormonal contraceptives or consumed alcohol during early pregnancy, whereas, pre-pregnancy overweight has a protective OR, and they are discussed as clues in its pathogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Center for Registry and Research in Congenital Anomalies (CRIAC), Service of Genetics and Cytogenetic Unit, Pediatric Division, Dr. Juan I. Menchaca Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico.
authors.forename: Mireya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Robledo-Aceves
authors.forename: Lucina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bobadilla-Morales
authors.forename: Estrella Lizbeth
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Mellín-Sánchez
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Corona-Rivera
authors.forename: J Jesús
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Pérez-Molina
authors.forename: Juan José
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Cárdenas-Ruiz Velasco
authors.forename: Jorge Román
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Corona-Rivera
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D020139:Gastroschisis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006779:Hospitals, Public; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011247:Pregnancy; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: adolescent mother; estrogen-related thrombosis hypothesis; risk factors