title: Is social jetlag associated with an adverse endocrine, behavioral, and cardiovascular risk profile?
abstract: Social jetlag represents the discrepancy between circadian and social clocks, which is measured as the difference in hours in midpoint of sleep between work days and free days. Previous studies have shown social jetlag to be associated with body mass index (BMI), glycated hemoglobin levels, heart rate, depressive symptoms, smoking, mental distress and alcohol use. The objective of our current study was to investigate, in a group of 145 apparently healthy participants (67 men and 78 women, aged 18-55 years, BMI 18-35 kg/m(2)), the prevalence of social jetlag and its association with adverse endocrine, behavioral and cardiovascular risk profiles as measured in vivo. participants with ≥2 h social jetlag had higher 5-h cortisol levels, slept less during the week, were more often physically inactive and had an increased resting heart rate, compared with participants who had ≤1 h social jetlag. We therefore concluded that social jetlag is associated with an adverse endocrine, behavioral and cardiovascular risk profile in apparently healthy participants. These adverse profiles put healthy participants at risk for development of metabolic diseases and mental disorders, including diabetes and depression, in the near future.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands f.rutters@vumc.nl.
authors.forename: Femke
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rutters
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Sofie G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Lemmens
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Tanja C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Adam
authors.affiliation: EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marijke A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Bremmer
authors.affiliation: EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Department of General Practice and Elderly Care, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Petra J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Elders
authors.affiliation: EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Department of General Practice and Elderly Care, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Giel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nijpels
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jacqueline M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Dekker
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001519:Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology*; D055098:Endocrine Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D020179:Jet Lag Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology
keywords: cortisol; heart rate; physical activity; sleep; social jetlag