title: Effects of microbubble size on ultrasound-mediated gene transfection in auditory cells.
abstract: Gene therapy for sensorineural hearing loss has recently been used to insert genes encoding functional proteins to preserve, protect, or even regenerate hair cells in the inner ear. Our previous study demonstrated a microbubble- (MB-)facilitated ultrasound (US) technique for delivering therapeutic medication to the inner ear. The present study investigated whether MB-US techniques help to enhance the efficiency of gene transfection by means of cationic liposomes on HEI-OC1 auditory cells and whether MBs of different sizes affect such efficiency. Our results demonstrated that the size of MBs was proportional to the concentration of albumin or dextrose. At a constant US power density, using 0.66, 1.32, and 2.83 μm albumin-shelled MBs increased the transfection rate as compared to the control by 30.6%, 54.1%, and 84.7%, respectively; likewise, using 1.39, 2.12, and 3.47 μm albumin-dextrose-shelled MBs increased the transfection rates by 15.9%, 34.3%, and 82.7%, respectively. The results indicate that MB-US is an effective technique to facilitate gene transfer on auditory cells in vitro. Such size-dependent MB oscillation behavior in the presence of US plays a role in enhancing gene transfer, and by manipulating the concentration of albumin or dextrose, MBs of different sizes can be produced.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, TR-916, Section 4, 43 Keelung Road, Taipei 10607, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ai-Ho
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, TR-916, Section 4, 43 Keelung Road, Taipei 10607, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Lei
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, TR-916, Section 4, 43 Keelung Road, Taipei 10607, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsin-Chiao
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, No. 161, Section 6, Minquan East Road, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hang-Kang
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, No. 161, Section 6, Minquan East Road, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Chun
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Section 2, Cheng-Kung Road, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Cheng-Ping
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5515-2509
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Shih
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Section 2, Cheng-Kung Road, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsin-Chien
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5498-5621
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Section 2, Cheng-Kung Road, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chao-Yin
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, TR-916, Section 4, 43 Keelung Road, Taipei 10607, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ying-Jui
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, No. 161, Section 6, Minquan East Road, Taipei 114, Taiwan ; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Section 2, Cheng-Kung Road, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Hung
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5058-4356
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000418:Albumins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D002460:Cell Line; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D005947:Glucose / Q000737:chemistry; D006199:Hair Cells, Auditory, Inner / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D006319:Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008081:Liposomes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D045423:Microbubbles; D013016:Sound
chemical_list: D000418:Albumins; D008081:Liposomes; D005947:Glucose