title: B cell lymphogenesis in swine is located in the bone marrow.
abstract: A course and a site of B cell development in swine are not firmly known. In this study, we show that B cell lymphogenesis is located in the bone marrow (BM). According to expression of MHC class II (MHC-II), CD2, CD21, CD25, CD45RC, CD172a, swine workshop cluster (identification number) (SWC) 7, and μHC, porcine BM cells were resolved into seven subsets representing sequential stages of development. Profile of rearrangement-specific products and transcripts from sorted BM cells confirmed the proposed developmental pathway. The same developmental pathway was further proven by analysis of selection for productive rearrangements in Ig H chains and also by cultivation studies. Cultivation also showed that earliest precursors with incomplete DJ rearrangements can still revert their B cell differentiation and develop along myeloid lineage, whereas this is impossible for later developmental stages. Proliferation and the apoptotic potential of individual developmental stages as well as critical checkpoints were also identified. Colocalization experiments showed early colocalization of MHC-II/CD2/CD172a is replaced by colocalization of MHC-II/CD2/CD21/SWC7/IgM in immature cells, whereas CD25 and CD45RC did not colocalize with any other studied molecules. In this study, we also finally prove that the BM in pigs is fully functional in adult animals and that B lymphogenesis occurs there throughout life. To our knowledge, this is the first study showing a course and a direct site of B cell lymphogenesis in swine.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Gnotobiology, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., 549 22 Novy Hradek, Czech Republic marek.sinkora@worldonline.cz.
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sinkora
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Gnotobiology, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., 549 22 Novy Hradek, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sinkorova
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D016175:B-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000276:immunology*; D005856:Germ-Free Life; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D007044:Hysterectomy; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D061251:Primary Cell Culture; D013552:Swine / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains