title: Modified protocol for improvement of differentiation potential of menstrual blood-derived stem cells into adipogenic lineage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize potency of menstrual blood-derived stem cells (MenSCs) for future cell therapies, we examined differentiation potential of MenSCs into adipocytes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Differentiation potential of MenSCs in comparison to bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) was assessed in conventional culture medium. Differentiation potential of MenSCs into adipocytes was improved using different combinations of growth factors and hormones.
  
  
  RESULTS
  First, we demonstrated that MenSCs preserve their appearance and karyotypic stability during passages. Although these cells express mesenchymal stem cells markers, they cannot simply be classified as mesenchymal stem cells due to expression of embryonic stem cells marker, OCT-4. Oil red O staining showed that differentiated MenSCs in conventional medium with/without retinoic acid (protocols 1 and 2) did not attain adipocyte characteristics, whereas differentiated BMSCs in conventional medium accumulated oil vacuoles typically. Nevertheless, real-time RT-PCR results showed that LPL gene expression was up-regulated in both protocols 1 and 2, whereas LEPR was up-regulated only in protocol 2 (fortified with retinoic acid). Surprisingly, protocol 3 (including rosiglitazone) had odd influence on mRNA expression of all genes (LEPR, LPL and PPAR-γ). Oil red O staining confirmed fat-producing ability of MenSCs under protocol 3.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Presented data suggest an efficient differentiation protocol for in vitro production of MenSC-derived adipocytes. These cells are suggested to be an apt alternative to BMSCs for future stem cell therapy of soft tissue injuries.
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, 19615-1177, Iran.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khanmohammadi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khanjani
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Edalatkhah
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Zarnani
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Heidari-Vala
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Soleimani
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Alimoghaddam
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kazemnejad
mesh_terms: D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D000328:Adult; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology; D019070:Cell Lineage; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008598:Menstruation; D050814:Octamer Transcription Factor-3 / Q000378:metabolism; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D054411:Receptors, Leptin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D050814:Octamer Transcription Factor-3; D047495:PPAR gamma; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D054411:Receptors, Leptin; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase