title: Regulation of galectins by hypoxia and their relevance in angiogenesis: strategies and methods.
abstract: Formation of an aberrant and heterogeneous vascular network is a key pathological event in the multistep process of tumor growth and metastasis. Pro-angiogenic factors are synthesized and released from tumor, stromal, endothelial, and myeloid cells in response to hypoxic and immunosuppressive microenvironments which are commonly found during cancer progression. Emerging data indicate key roles for galectins, particularly galectin-1, -3, -8, and -9 in the regulation of angiogenesis in different pathophysiologic settings. Each galectin interacts with a preferred set of glycosylated receptors, triggers different signaling pathway, and promotes sprouting angiogenesis through different mechanisms. Understanding the role of galectins in tumor neovascularization will contribute to the design of novel anti-angiogenic therapies aimed at complementing current clinical approaches. Here we describe selected strategies and methods used to study the galectin-1 regulation by hypoxia and its role in blood vessel formation.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina, mariansalatino@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salatino
authors.forename: Diego O
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Croci
authors.forename: Diego J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Laderach
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Compagno
authors.forename: Lucas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gentilini
authors.forename: Tomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dalotto-Moreno
authors.forename: L Sebastián
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Dergan-Dylon
authors.forename: Santiago P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Méndez-Huergo
authors.forename: Marta A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Toscano
authors.forename: Juan P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Cerliani
authors.forename: Gabriel A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Rabinovich
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D002465:Cell Movement; D037483:Galectin 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000378:metabolism; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000378:metabolism*; D012995:Solubility; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D037483:Galectin 1; C497442:HIF1A protein, human; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A