title: Blockade of co-stimulation in chronic inflammatory diseases.
abstract: Costimulatory molecules are key elements in T cell activation. Therapeutic inhibition of costimulatory pathways have been recognized as valid therapeutic strategies in the treatment of various inflammatory diseases. This article will describe their mechanisms of action and will summarize the results from clinical trials in the field of rheumatologic diseases.
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria, clemens.scheinecker@meduniwien.ac.at.
authors.forename: Clemens
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Scheinecker
mesh_terms: D000069594:Abatacept / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068879:Adalimumab / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001688:Biological Products / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D061025:Costimulatory and Inhibitory T-Cell Receptors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000276:immunology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D012216:Rheumatic Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D001688:Biological Products; D061025:Costimulatory and Inhibitory T-Cell Receptors; D000069594:Abatacept; D000068879:Adalimumab; C502936:tocilizumab