title: [Acoustic trauma generated by exposure to gun powder].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Noise-induced hearing loss has increased due to factors such as industrialization. It is estimated that one third of the world's population suffers from some degree of hearing loss caused by exposure to high-intensity noise. Exposure to noise can cause disease of various ear structures, especially destruction of outer hair cells, causing varying degrees of hearing lossObjective: To describe the audiological findings in a group of subjects who were exposed to a source of fireworks explosion in the state of Tlaxcala Mexico.
  
  
  METHODS
  We carried out an audiometric study in eight patients admitted to CENIAQ-INR who were exposed to a firecracker explosion. In each subject, airway with conventional pure tone audiometry from 125 to 8000 Hz was assessed using a clinical audiometer (model 622, Minimate, Madsen) Clinical case: Hearing loss at all frequencies was found in all eight patients, from mild to severe in both ears. Audiogram showed decreases from 4000 Hz, diagnosing third-degree acoustic trauma in all patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The main symptom was reported by patients with tinnitus. Other scenarios in which patients report the presence of tinnitus are acoustic trauma due to use of audio players in symphony orchestra musicians and detonating military firearms. Audiometric assessment is recommended after an explosive accident as an accurate method to determine if there is any hearing impairment.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Bioacústica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, México DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Emilio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arch-Tirado
authors.affiliation: Centro Nacional de Investigación y Atención de Quemados, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, México DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Marco Antonio
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Garnica-Escamilla
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Bioacústica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, México DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Alhelí
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Delgado-Hernández
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Bioacústica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, México DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Teodora
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Campos-Muñoz
authors.affiliation: Centro Nacional de Investigación y Atención de Quemados, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, México DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Lourdes
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Bioacústica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, México DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Verduzco-Mendoza
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001301:Audiometry, Pure-Tone; D001753:Blast Injuries / Q000209:etiology; D002056:Burns / Q000209:etiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005107:Explosions; D005260:Female; D006312:Hearing Loss, Bilateral / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006317:Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014012:Tinnitus / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology
keywords: Acoustic trauma; explosion; explosión; gunpowder; hearing loss; hipoacusia; pólvora; trauma acústico