title: Mechanisms of action of fluoridated acidic liquid dentifrices against dental caries.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study attempted to clarify the mechanisms of action of fluoridated acidic liquid dentifrices against dental caries.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the in vitro leg, enamel specimens were submitted to a pH-cycling model, treated with distinct dentifrices (0, 550 μgF/g pH 4.5 and pH 7.0, 1100 or 5000 μgF/g pH 7.0) and analyzed using hardness. Alkali-soluble fluoride (F) deposition was quantified on pre-demineralized specimens treated with the dentifrices. In the clinical leg, 2-to-4-year-old children who had been using liquid dentifrices for 6 months (550 μgF/g pH 4.5 or pH 7.0 or 1100 μgF/g pH 7.0) had their plaque samples collected 5 and 60 min after the last brushing. Fluoride uptake in whole plaque was evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The reduction of the pH had a partial preventive effect on subsurface hardness loss only. [F] had a significant influence on the deposition of fluoride, surface and subsurface hardness loss. In vivo, the reduction of the pH was able to significantly increase plaque F uptake, leading to similar levels as those found for the neutral dentifrice containing twice [F].
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results obtained from in vitro studies whose design does not include the presence of dental plaque should be interpreted with caution.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Al. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP 17012-901, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cristiane de Almeida Baldini
authors.initials: Cde A
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Al. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP 17012-901, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bianca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lacerda
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Social Dentistry, Paraíba Federal University, Jardim Universitário, s/n, João Pessoa, PB 58051900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Dayane Franco Barros
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Mangueira
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Al. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP 17012-901, Brazil.
authors.forename: Senda
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Charone
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Al. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP 17012-901, Brazil.
authors.forename: Kelly Polido Kaneshiro
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Olympio
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Al. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP 17012-901, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Carolina
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Magalhães
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Public Health, Araçatuba Dental School, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Bauru, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juliano Pelim
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Pessan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Al. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP 17012-901, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabiano Vieira
authors.initials: FV
authors.lastname: Vilhena
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Social Dentistry, Paraíba Federal University, Jardim Universitário, s/n, João Pessoa, PB 58051900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fábio Correia
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Sampaio
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Al. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP 17012-901, Brazil. Electronic address: mbuzalaf@fob.usp.br.
authors.forename: Marília Afonso Rabelo
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Buzalaf
mesh_terms: D001938:Brazil; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003802:Dentifrices / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005459:Fluorides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009050:Fluorosis, Dental / Q000517:prevention & control; D006244:Hardness; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007223:Infant; D010710:Phosphates / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D003802:Dentifrices; D010710:Phosphates; C012980:fluorophosphate; D005459:Fluorides
keywords: Demineralization; Dentifrices; Fluoride; Plaque