title: Mad2 checkpoint gene silencing using epidermal growth factor receptor-targeted chitosan nanoparticles in non-small cell lung cancer model.
abstract: RNA interference has emerged as a powerful strategy in cancer therapy because it allows silencing of specific genes associated with tumor progression and resistance. Mad2 is an essential mitotic checkpoint component required for accurate chromosome segregation during mitosis, and its complete abolition leads to cell death. We have developed an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted chitosan system for silencing the Mad2 gene as a strategy to efficiently induce cell death in EGFR overexpressing human A549 non-small cell lung cancer cells. Control and EGFR-targeted chitosan nanoparticles loaded with small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) against Mad2 were formulated and characterized for size, charge, morphology, and encapsulation efficiency. Qualitative and quantitative intracellular uptake studies by confocal imaging and flow cytometry, respectively, showed time-dependent enhanced and selective intracellular internalization of EGFR-targeted nanoparticles compared to nontargeted system. Targeted nanoparticles showed nearly complete depletion of Mad2 expression in A549 cells contrasting with the partial depletion in the nontargeted system. Accordingly, Mad2-silencing-induced apoptotic cell death was confirmed by cytotoxicity assay and flow cytometry. Our results demonstrate that EGFR-targeted chitosan loaded with Mad2 siRNAs is a potent delivery system for selective killing of cancer cells.
authors.affiliation: CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, IINFACTS, Rua Central de Gandra 1317, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal.
authors.forename: Ana Vanessa
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Nascimento
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Hassan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bousbaa
authors.forename: Domingos
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sarmento
authors.forename: Mansoor M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Amiji
mesh_terms: D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000378:metabolism*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D020868:Gene Silencing / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D064246:Mad2 Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: C577697:MAD2L1 protein, human; D064246:Mad2 Proteins; D048271:Chitosan; D066246:ErbB Receptors
keywords: Mad2 gene; RNA interference; chitosan nanoparticles; epidermal growth factor receptor; non-small cell lung cancer; tumor targeting