title: Assessment of toxic potential of mycotoxin contaminated bread during in vitro human digestion on human B lymphoid cell line.
abstract: Ingestion of food is considered a major route of exposure to many contaminants including mycotoxins. The amount of mycotoxin resisting to the digestion process and potentially absorbable by the systemic circulation is only a smaller part of that ingested. In vitro digestion models turn useful for evaluating mycotoxins bioaccessibility during the intestinal transit and can be intended as a valuable tool for the assessment of mycotoxin bioavailability in food. In this paper we describe a study aimed at investigating toxicity of in vitro gastro-duodenal digests of mycotoxin contaminated bread collected along the digestion time-course. Toxicity tests were carried out on a sensitive RPMI lymphoid B cell line chosen as the most suitable lineage to assess toxicity retained by gastro-duodenal digests. In parallel, a chemical quantification of T-2 and HT-2 toxins contaminating the bread digests was accomplished during the gastric and duodenal transit. The digestive fluids undergoing chemical and toxicological analysis were collected at the beginning and end of gastric phase, and after completion of the duodenal phase. Results proved that a correlation between HT-2 content and toxicity did exist although a more persistent toxic activity was displayed in the later stage of the duodenal phase. This persistent toxicity might be explained by the co-occurrence of unknown HT-2-related conjugates or metabolites formed during digestion.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council of Italy (ISPA-CNR), Via Amendola 122/O, 70126, Bari, Italy. Electronic address: linda.monaci@ispa.cnr.it.
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Monaci
authors.affiliation: Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council of Italy (ISPA-CNR), Via Amendola 122/O, 70126, Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garbetta
authors.affiliation: Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council of Italy (ISPA-CNR), Via Amendola 122/O, 70126, Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Elisabetta De
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Angelis
authors.affiliation: Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council of Italy (ISPA-CNR), Via Amendola 122/O, 70126, Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Visconti
authors.affiliation: Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council of Italy (ISPA-CNR), Via Amendola 122/O, 70126, Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Fiorenza
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Minervini
mesh_terms: D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D001939:Bread / Q000382:microbiology*; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004063:Digestion; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004386:Duodenum / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D005516:Food Microbiology; D005750:Gastric Juice / Q000378:metabolism; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D005772:Gastrointestinal Transit; D006801:Humans; D007419:Intestinal Secretions / Q000378:metabolism; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013270:Stomach / Q000382:microbiology; D013605:T-2 Toxin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D013997:Time Factors; D018675:Toxicity Tests
chemical_list: D013605:T-2 Toxin; C012351:HT-2 toxin
keywords: Bioassay; HT-2 toxin; In vitro digestion; Lymphoid cell line; Mycotoxin; Toxicity; Trichothecenes