title: A usage of CO2 hydrate: convenient method to increase CO2 concentration in culturing algae.
abstract: The addition of CO2 to algal culture systems can increase algal biomass effectively. Generally, gas bubbling is used to increase CO2 levels in culture systems; however, it is difficult to quantitatively operate to control the concentration using this method. In this study, we tested the usability of CO2 hydrate for phytoplankton culture. Specifically, green algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata were cultured in COMBO medium that contained dissolved CO2 hydrate, after which its effects were evaluated. The experiment was conducted according to a general bioassay procedure (OECD TG201). CO2 promoted algae growth effectively (about 2-fold relative to the control), and the decrease in pH due to dissolution of the CO2 in water recovered soon because of photosynthesis. Since the CO2 hydrate method can control a CO2 concentration easily and quantitatively, it is expected to be useful in future applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Environmental Science, Kyung Hee University, 1 Seochon-dong, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sho
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Environmental Science, Kyung Hee University, 1 Seochon-dong, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kwang-Hyeon
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu-shi, Toyama 939-0398, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shijima
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu-shi, Toyama 939-0398, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu-shi, Toyama 939-0398, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu-shi, Toyama 939-0398, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Noto
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu-shi, Toyama 939-0398, Japan.
authors.forename: Jin-Yong
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu-shi, Toyama 939-0398, Japan. Electronic address: masaki@pu-toyama.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
mesh_terms: D061249:Batch Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002452:Cell Count; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000502:physiology; D000460:Chlorophyta / Q000166:cytology* / Q000254:growth & development*; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D002245:Carbon Dioxide
keywords: Algal culture; CO(2) hydrate; Population growth; Pseudokirchneriella