title: Impact of radiation history, gender and age on bone quality in sites for orthodontic skeletal anchorage device placement.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Stability of orthodontic miniscrew implants is prerequisite to their success and durability in orthodontic treatment. As investigations revealed a positive correlation of miniscrew stability to periimplant bone quality, it has been the aim of this study to analyze the bone structure of resection preparations of human mandibles histologically by investigating the samples according to age, gender and exposure to radiotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Inflammation- and tumor-free alveolar bone sections from human mandibles (n = 31) with previously diagnosed carcinoma, chronic osteomyelitis or cysts were analyzed histomorphologically and histomorphometrically as to the dimension of trabeculae in cancellous areas. Group A investigated the impact of a history of radiation therapy, group B of gender and group C contrasted biopsies from individuals aging under 60 or over 60 years. Statistics were performed using the Kruskal-Wallis-test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Radiation, gender and age did not significantly influence bone density. The mean bone density averaged 40.7 ± 15.0% of spongiosa for the total collective with a median age of 58.4 years ± 14.7 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings provide new information on bone quality, thus contributing to a more precise evaluation of the parameters affecting and those not affecting miniscrew implant stability. On the basis of these results, the formulation of clinical guidelines for risk assessment of therapeutic approaches in patients prior to insertion of orthodontic skeletal anchorage devices seems to be conceivable.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. Electronic address: anna.konermann@gmx.de.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Konermann
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Appel
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wenghoefer
authors.affiliation: Private Dental Practice, Alfter, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sirokay
authors.affiliation: Endowed Chair of Oral Technology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dirk
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jäger
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Götz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D001706:Biopsy; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy; D001863:Bone Screws; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000528:radiation effects*; D015921:Dental Implants; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000528:radiation effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D052280:Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants
keywords: Bone quality; Histomorphometry; Orthodontic miniscrews; Radiotherapy