title: Hydroperoxide in internal jugular venous blood reflects occurrence of subarachnoid hemorrhage-induced delayed cerebral vasospasm.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To investigate the association between subarachnoid hemorrhage-induced delayed cerebral vasospasm (DCVS) and oxidative stress, an oxidation product, hydroperoxide, was measured in 3 specimens: peripheral arterial blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and internal jugular venous blood (IJVB).
  
  
  METHODS
  Hydroperoxide was measured using the diacron reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) test. The hydroperoxide levels were evaluated based on the rate of change in the d-ROMs test value on day 6 relative with that on day 3 (d-ROMs change rate).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The subjects were 20 patients. The d-ROMs change rate in IJVB was significantly higher in patients with DCVS on day 6 than in those without it (P < .01). When the patients were classified into the following 3 groups: Group A (no DCVS occurred throughout the clinical course); Group B (DCVS occurred, but no cerebral infarction [CI] was induced); and Group C (DCVS occurred and caused CI), the d-ROMs change rate in IJVB was the highest in Group C, followed by Group B then A (P < .01). The d-ROMs change rates in peripheral arterial blood and CSF were not related to the development of DCVS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It was concluded that the more severe DCVS occurs and is more likely to progress to CI as the IJVB hydroperoxide level rises early after the development of subarachnoid hemorrhage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery (Omori), School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Japan. Electronic address: hiroyuki.uekusa@med.toho-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uekusa
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery (Sakura), School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Japan.
authors.forename: Chikao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery (Omori), School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Japan.
authors.forename: Kosuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery (Omori), School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery (Omori), School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Japan.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nomoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery (Omori), School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sugo
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery (Omori), School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nemoto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000097:blood* / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D007601:Jugular Veins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D020301:Vasospasm, Intracranial / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide
keywords: Hydroperoxide; delayed cerebral vasospasm; internal jugular venous blood; oxidative stress; subarachnoid hemorrhage