title: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis around the world: what progress has been made?
abstract: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) (resistance to at least isoniazid and rifampicin) will influence the future of global TB control. 88% of estimated MDR-TB cases occur in middle- or high-income countries, and 60% occur in Brazil, China, India, the Russian Federation and South Africa. The World Health Organization collects country data annually to monitor the response to MDR-TB. Notification, treatment enrolment and outcome data were summarised for 30 countries, accounting for >90% of the estimated MDR-TB cases among notified TB cases worldwide. In 2012, a median of 14% (interquartile range 6-50%) of estimated MDR-TB cases were notified in the 30 countries studied. In 15 of the 30 countries, the number of patients treated for MDR-TB in 2012 (71 681) was >50% higher than in 2011. Median treatment success was 53% (interquartile range 40-70%) in the 25 countries reporting data for 30 021 MDR-TB cases who started treatment in 2010. Although progress has been noted in the expansion of MDR-TB care, urgent efforts are required in order to provide wider access to diagnosis and treatment in most countries with the highest burden of MDR-TB.
authors.affiliation: Global TB Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland falzond@who.int.
authors.forename: Dennis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Falzon
authors.affiliation: Global TB Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Fuad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mirzayev
authors.affiliation: Global TB Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Fraser
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wares
authors.affiliation: Global TB Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Inés Garcia
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Baena
authors.affiliation: Global TB Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zignol
authors.affiliation: Global TB Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Nguyen
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Linh
authors.affiliation: Global TB Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Weyer
authors.affiliation: Global TB Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Ernesto
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jaramillo
authors.affiliation: Global TB Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Floyd
authors.affiliation: Global TB Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Raviglione
mesh_terms: D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001938:Brazil; D002681:China; D003140:Communicable Disease Control; D003625:Data Collection; D014943:Global Health; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011203:Poverty; D012293:Rifampin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012426:Russia; D013019:South Africa; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014944:World Health Organization
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D007538:Isoniazid; D012293:Rifampin