title: Review of accessory tragus with highlights of its associated syndromes.
abstract: Accessory tragus is a developmental defect involving malformation of part of the external ear. It is a moderately rare congenital condition reported in 1858 by Birkett for the first time. Histological features of accessory tragus include a thin layer of stratum corneum with a rugated epidermis, presence of eccrine glands, and irregular spatial positioning of vellus hair follicles accompanied by sebaceous glands. Accessory tragus is commonly a limited deformity; however, it can be a sign of associated congenital syndromes. It has been shown to be associated with Goldenhar syndrome, Townes-Brocks syndrome, Treacher-Collins syndrome, VACTERL syndrome, and Wolf-Hirschhron syndrome. Surgical excision, the most common form of management of accessory tragus lesions, typically leads to a positive outcome. An extensive search was performed using pubmed.gov, Embase, MedLine, and Googlescholar.com using key words: accessory tragus, congenital malformations of ear, first branchial arch, and embryology. In this paper, we review the clinical and histological presentation, associated syndromes, management, and outcome of accessory tragus.
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
authors.forename: Bahar
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bahrani
authors.forename: Amor
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khachemoune
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple; D001003:Anal Canal / Q000002:abnormalities; D001006:Anus, Imperforate; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D004425:Ear Cartilage / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery; D004947:Esophagus / Q000002:abnormalities; D006053:Goldenhar Syndrome; D006319:Hearing Loss, Sensorineural; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000002:abnormalities; D017880:Limb Deformities, Congenital; D008342:Mandibulofacial Dysostosis; D013131:Spine / Q000002:abnormalities; D013933:Thumb / Q000002:abnormalities; D014132:Trachea / Q000002:abnormalities; D054877:Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome