title: [Acanthosis nigricans: metabolic interrelations inherent to the polycystic ovary syndrome].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish the prevalence of acanthosis nigricans (AN) within the context of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and its associations with obesity, insulin resistance, insulinemia, and metabolic syndrome (MS).
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional prospective study was conducted on 100 patients with PCOS diagnosed according to the Rotterdam Consensus (2003). The skin test included, in addition to the detection of the presence of AN, the presence of hirsutism (score ≥ 8) and acne. In addition to clinical and biochemical data, we investigated cardiovascular risk factors present in MS such as abdominal circumference, obesity, hypertension and HDL and triglyceride levels. Insulin resistance was determined by the HOMA-IR test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of AN (53%) was significantly correlated with hirsutism (p = 0.02), body mass index (p < 0.01), basal insulinemia (p < 0.01), (HOMA-IR) (p < 0.01), and MS (p < 0.01). The prevalence of MS reached 36% and was significantly associated only with AN (p < 0.01). Although diabetes mellitus was absent, there was a significant association of altered HOMA-IR (p < 0.01) with MS (p < 5%) and AN (p < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  AN is part of the severe phenotypic profile of PCOS as an additional predictable sign of the risks of cardiovascular disease.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
authors.forename: Márcio Augusto Pinto
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: de Ávila
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Matemática, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
authors.forename: Lunna Perdigão
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Borges
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Métodos Estatísticos, Instituto de Matemática, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
authors.forename: Marina Silva
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Paez
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Matemática, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
authors.forename: Ricardo Vasconcellos
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Bruno
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
authors.forename: Antonio Egídio
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Nardi
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
authors.forename: Ana Carolina Machado
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: de Pessôa
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
authors.forename: Evelyn de Souza
authors.initials: Ede S
authors.lastname: Palmeira
mesh_terms: D000052:Acanthosis Nigricans / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies