title: Arthroscopic distal clavicular autograft for treating shoulder instability with glenoid bone loss.
abstract: Glenoid bone loss is a significant risk factor for failure after arthroscopic shoulder stabilization. Multiple options are available to reconstruct this bone loss, including coracoid transfer, iliac crest bone graft, and osteoarticular allograft. Each technique has strengths and weaknesses. Coracoid grafts are limited to anterior augmentation and, along with iliac crest, do not provide an osteochondral reconstruction. Osteochondral allografts do provide a cartilage source but are challenged by the potential for graft rejection, infection, cost, and availability. We describe the use of a distal clavicular osteochondral autograft for bony augmentation in cases of glenohumeral instability with significant bone loss. This graft has the advantages of being readily available and cost-effective, it provides an autologous osteochondral transplant with minimal donor-site morbidity, and it can be used in both anterior and posterior bone loss cases. The rationale and technical aspects of arthroscopic performance will be discussed. Clinical studies are warranted to determine the outcomes of the use of the distal clavicle as a graft in shoulder instability.
authors.affiliation: Steadman Hawkins Clinic of the Carolinas, Greenville Health System, Greenville, SC, U.S.A.
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Tokish
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Tripler Army Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Kelly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fitzpatrick
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Tripler Army Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Jay B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.affiliation: Triangle Orthopaedics, Durham, North Carolina, U.S.A.
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Mallon