title: Factors related to executive dysfunction after acute infarct.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the association of infarct location with post-stroke executive dysfunction.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred seventy-seven patients hospitalized with acute infarction were enrolled. General information and NIHSS score at admission were recorded. The infarct site was recorded from magnetic resonance T2-W1 and FLAIR images, and the extent of white matter disease was assessed using the Fazekas score. Seven days after symptoms, executive function was assessed using the validated Chinese version of Mattis Dementia Rating Scale (MDRS) Initiation/Perseveration (I/P) [MDRS I/P].
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average MDRS I/P score of the 177 infarction patients was 24.16 ± 5.21, considerably lower than the average score (32.7 ± 3.1) of a control group of normal individuals. Patients with infarcts in the corona radiata or basal ganglia had significantly lower MDRS I/P scores that those without infarcts at these locations. The number of infarcts in the basal ganglia was also significantly associated with low MDRS I/P scores. Male gender and low NIHSS score were significantly associated with low MDRS I/P score, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly associated with high MDRS I/P score. The number of infarcts in areas other than the basal ganglia as well as corona radiata and the extent of white matter disease had no influence on this score.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The number of infarcts in the basal ganglia corona radiata, low NIHSS score, and male gender are significantly and independently related to poor executive function (that is, low MDRS I/P score) after acute infarct.
authors.affiliation: Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-ping
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-en
authors.initials: XE
authors.lastname: Mo
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xin-yuan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Song-ran
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology*; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D056344:Executive Function; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011712:Pyramidal Tracts / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012737:Sex Factors; D066127:White Matter / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL