title: The proteome under translational control.
abstract: A single eukaryotic gene can give rise to a variety of protein forms (proteoforms) as a result of genetic variation and multilevel regulation of gene expression. In addition to alternative splicing, an increasing line of evidence shows that alternative translation contributes to the overall complexity of proteomes. Identifying the repertoire of proteins and micropeptides expressed by alternative selection of (near-)cognate translation initiation sites and different reading frames however remains challenging with contemporary proteomics. MS-enabled identification of proteoforms is expected to benefit from transcriptome and translatome data by the creation of customized and sample-specific protein sequence databases. Here, we focus on contemporary integrative omics approaches that complement proteomics with DNA- and/or RNA-oriented technologies to elucidate the mechanisms of translational control. Together, these technologies enable to map the translation (initiation) landscape and more comprehensively define the inventory of proteoforms raised upon alternative translation, thus assisting in the (re-)annotation of genomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Protein Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Daria
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gawron
authors.forename: Kris
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gevaert
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Van Damme
mesh_terms: D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D020543:Proteome / Q000378:metabolism*; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D012270:Ribosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D049490:Systems Biology / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D020543:Proteome
keywords: Alternative translation initiation; N-terminomics; Proteogenomics; Ribosome profiling; Systems biology; Translational control