title: Association between management of metabolic syndrome and progression of early-stage chronic kidney disease: an observational cohort study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the effect of treating metabolic syndrome (MetS) on further kidney function decline in patients with early-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD).
  
  
  METHODS
  In a study period of 24 months, 162 patients with early stage CKD were enrolled. Baseline and follow-up data related to the occurrence of MetS and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were assessed. Subjects were classified into controlled MetS (group 1) and uncontrolled MetS (group 2). Furthermore, they were subdivided into four subgroups: (A) controlled MetS at baseline and at follow-up, (B) uncontrolled MetS at baseline but controlled MetS at follow-up visits, (C) controlled MetS at baseline but uncontrolled MetS at follow-up visits, and (D) uncontrolled MetS at baseline and follow-up visits.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Final GFR was lower in group 2 versus group 1 (69.21 ± 20.20 vs. 82.86 ± 22.33 mL/min/1.73 m(2), p <0.001). The presence of MetS had high risk to develop late-stage CKD (HR = 3.279, 95% CI: 1.545-6.958, p = 0.002). Moreover, subgroup D (HR = 2.982, 95% CI: 1.287-6.908, p = 0.011) and the presence of three (p = 0.026) or four (p = 0.049) metabolic components had high risk to develop late-stage CKD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treating MetS slows CKD progression in patients with early-stage of CKD.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tao Yuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare , Taoyuan , Taiwan .
authors.forename: Jui-Hsiang
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Hung-Chieh
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Wen-Hung
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Chien-Lu
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Mei-Hua
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Han-Ting
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Tzung-Hai
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Yen
authors.forename: Wei-Jie
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D019468:Disease Management; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D008875:Middle Aged; D062072:Patient Acuity; D011379:Prognosis; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D013624:Taiwan
keywords: Chronic kidney disease; dyslipidemia; metabolic syndrome; renal function deterioration