title: Evaluation of the osteogenic potential of growth factor-rich demineralized bone matrix in vivo.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The study evaluates the osteogenic properties and biocompatibility of growth factor-rich demineralized bone matrix (GDBM) by comparing with cancellous mineralized bone matrix (CMBM) and anorganic bovine bone matrix (ABBM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six Sprague-Dawley rats were used (n = 6/group/time point). To assess biocompatibility and osteoinductivity, the respective bone matrices were randomly placed in subcutaneous pouches for 7 and 28 days and evaluated by histology and osteopontin expression. Osteoconductivity was assessed by randomly implanting respective bone matrices in osteotomies on femurs for 14 and 28 days and evaluated by microcomputed tomography and histology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Neither acute inflammation nor mineralized tissue was noted in any of the subcutaneous specimens, whereas expression of osteopontin was more prominent in the GDBM group. Among the femoral specimens, the greatest relative bone volume (bone volume [BV] divided by trabecular volume [TV]) and trabecular thickness was noted in the ABBM group at both time points, whereas less BV/TV was noted in GDBM group at day 14. Residual matrix particles were noted in all examined groups at both time points, without significant differences regarding defect fill between groups. The GDBM group presented similar levels of newly formed bone compartment and marrow space to those of the ABBM group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GDBM demonstrated acceptable biocompatibility and osteogenic potential comparable to ABBM in vivo. Further investigations in a more clinically relevant model are warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shan-Huey
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Hsun-Liang
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Li-Yen
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Chong
authors.forename: Yi-Han
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Jheng
authors.forename: Po-Chun
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects; D001847:Bone Diseases / Q000601:surgery; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000187:drug effects; D001857:Bone Matrix / Q000473:pathology / Q000637:transplantation*; D002417:Cattle; D005269:Femur / Q000601:surgery; D015726:Giant Cells / Q000473:pathology; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009929:Organ Size; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D053495:Osteopontin / Q000032:analysis; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D040521:Subcutaneous Tissue / Q000601:surgery; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D053495:Osteopontin
keywords: Biocompatible materials; bone matrix; bone regeneration; cytokines; periodontics; tissue scaffolds