title: Simultaneous removal of multi-pollutants in an intimate integrated flocculation-adsorption fluidized bed.
abstract: A novel intimate integrated flocculation-adsorption fluidized bed (IFAFB) was designed based on the hydraulic classification theory, and the operation, performance, characterization, and mechanisms of the novel process were developed. In this system, 150 mg · L(-1) kaolin clay and 100 mg · L(-1) phenol were used to simulate multi-pollutants in synthetic influent; resin beads and silica beads were the solid phases for the fluidized flocculator, and polymer aluminum chloride (PAC) and granular activated carbon were the flocculant and the adsorbent, respectively. The results showed that the Euler numeral was the most suitable dynamic parameter for flocculation in the fluidized bed when compared with the velocity gradient (G), Reynolds number (Re), and GRe (-1/2) . Additionally, the adsorption capacities of the fluidized regime were 8.77 and 24.70 mg · g(-1) greater than those of the fixed regime at superficial velocities of 6 and 8 mm · s(-1), respectively. In the IFAFB, the removal efficiencies of kaolin clay and phenol in the IFAFB reached 95 and 80 % simultaneously at total initial bed height of 35 mm. Flocs size, fractal dimension, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed that the relationship of flocculation and adsorption in the IFAFB was mutually beneficial. Adsorption favored continuous growth of flocs and protected flocs from breakage, while flocculation removed fine particles as the first stage to prevent the adsorption of kaolin clay.
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
authors.forename: Dandan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Zhengxue
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Dianxun
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Shuangshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dong
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000077410:Aluminum Chloride; D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D002606:Charcoal; D002712:Chlorides; D000077215:Clay; D005427:Flocculation; D007616:Kaolin; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010636:Phenols; D011108:Polymers; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D014872:Water Movements; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D002712:Chlorides; D010636:Phenols; D011108:Polymers; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002606:Charcoal; D007616:Kaolin; D000077410:Aluminum Chloride; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D000077215:Clay