title: Analysis of PTPN22 C1858T gene polymorphism in cases with type 1 diabetes of Azerbaijan, Northwest Iran.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a T-cell mediated autoimmune multifactorial disease. The PTPN22 gene encodes an intracellular lymphoid-specific phosphatase (Lyp) that has been shown to play a negative regulatory role in T cell activation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to find out associating the PTPN22 C1858T (R620W) polymorphism and T1D in the Azeri population from Northwest Iran.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and forty-four T1D patients and 197 healthy controls entered this study. We used restricted fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method to type PTPN22 C1858T polymorphism.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference in distribution of genotype and allele frequencies of PTPN22 C1858T polymorphism between T1D patients and controls (P=1.000 for both comparisons and OR=0.91, 95% CI=0.25-3.26 for 1858T allele). However, T allele frequency was significantly increased in T1D patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (5.77%) compared with T1D only (0.43%, P=0.019). Moreover, there were no significant differences between studied parameters (including gender, age at onset and family history of T1D) and different genotypes of 1858 PTPN22 C/T polymorphisms in patients. Data showed a low frequency of the minor (T) allele by 1.4% in T1D and 1.5% in healthy individuals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The PTPN22 C1858T is not relevant in susceptibility to T1D in the Azeri population of Northwest Iran. Our data also indicate that T1D carriers of the T1858 allele could be at enhanced risk for other comorbid autoimmune disorders.
authors.affiliation: Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Electronic address: almasysh@sums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Shohreh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Almasi
authors.affiliation: Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Electronic address: aliparasty@sums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Mohammad Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Aliparasti
authors.affiliation: Departments of Immunology and Medicine, Sunnybrook and Women's College Health Sciences Center, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Leili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yazdchi-Marandi
authors.affiliation: Bone Research Center, Endocrine Section, Department of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Akbar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aliasgarzadeh
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
authors.forename: Amirbabak
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sioofy-Khojine
authors.affiliation: Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Adel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mesri
authors.affiliation: Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zamani
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D054596:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 22 / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C516765:PTPN22 protein, human; D054596:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 22
keywords: Gene polymorphism; Hashimoto’s thyroiditis; PTPN22; Type 1 diabetes