title: Progress toward curing HIV infections with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
abstract: Combination antiretroviral therapy can suppress human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection but cannot completely eradicate the virus. A major obstacle in the quest for a cure is the difficulty in targeting and measuring latently infected cells. To date, a single person seems to have been cured of HIV. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) preceded this cancer patient's long-term sustained HIV remission, but researchers have been unable to replicate this cure, and the mechanisms that led to HIV remission remain to be established. In February 2014, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases sponsored a workshop that provided a venue for in-depth discussion of whether HSCT could be exploited to cure HIV in cancer patients requiring such procedures. Participants also discussed how HSCT might be applied to a broader community of HIV-infected persons in whom the risks of HSCT currently outweigh the likelihood and benefits of HIV cure.
authors.affiliation: Division of AIDS.
authors.forename: Stephen T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Smiley
authors.affiliation: Division of AIDS.
authors.forename: Anjali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Division of AIDS.
authors.forename: Sarah W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Read
authors.affiliation: Division of AIDS.
authors.forename: Opendra K
authors.initials: OK
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Division of AIDS.
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Finzi
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Molecular Retrovirology Section, Laboratory of Immunoregulation.
authors.forename: Clifford
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lane
authors.affiliation: Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Transplantation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Jeffrey S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Rice
mesh_terms: D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000639:trends; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000628:therapy*; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans
keywords: HIV; latency; reservoirs; transplantation