title: Human antigen R mediated post-transcriptional regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition related genes in diabetic nephropathy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human antigen R (HuR) is a ubiquitously expressed RNA-binding protein that modulates gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. While cytoplasmic HuR expression was identified as a marker in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process of several types of cancer, its role in diabetic nephropathy (DN) remains unclear.
  
  
  METHODS
  Renal biopsies from Type 2 diabetic patients and STZ-induced DN rats were stained for HuR and EMT markers. Redistribution of HuR was detected by immunostaining and western blot in high glucose stimulated cells. RNAi was used to supress HuR expression. The binding affinity for EMT-related genes was evaluated by immunoprecipitation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cytoplasmic HuR expression was elevated in human and rat DN specimens along with EMT changes compared to normal controls. HuR shuttling between nucleus and cytoplasm facilitated epithelial to mesenchymal transition in renal epithelial cells. The suppression of HuR partially inhibited EMT of high glucose stimulated HK-2 cells. Furthermore, HuR bound to 3'-UTRs of critical cytokines or transcription factors mRNA involved in EMT process.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Acquired phenotypic traits of EMT were partially through the enhanced HuR-binding proteins and its post-transcriptional regulation role in DN.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.
authors.forename: Che
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China.
authors.forename: Junhui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhen
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.
authors.forename: Akhtar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Javed
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.|Institute of Endocrinology, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wan
mesh_terms: D000941:Antigens / Q000502:physiology*; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000235:genetics*; D058750:Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D012323:RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens
keywords: diabetic nephropathy; epithelial-mesenchymal transition; human antigen R; post-transcription; 关键词：糖尿病肾病，上皮细胞间质转化，人抗原R，转录后