title: The SWEET family of sugar transporters in grapevine: VvSWEET4 is involved in the interaction with Botrytis cinerea.
abstract: During plant development, sugar export is determinant in multiple processes such as nectar production, pollen development and long-distance sucrose transport. The plant SWEET family of sugar transporters is a recently identified protein family of sugar uniporters. In rice, SWEET transporters are the target of extracellular bacteria, which have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to modify their expression and acquire sugars to sustain their growth. Here we report the characterization of the SWEET family of sugar transporters in Vitis vinifera. We identified 17 SWEET genes in the V. vinifera 40024 genome and show that they are differentially expressed in vegetative and reproductive organs. Inoculation with the biotrophic pathogens Erysiphe necator and Plasmopara viticola did not result in significant induction of VvSWEET gene expression. However, infection with the necrotroph Botrytis cinerea triggered a strong up-regulation of VvSWEET4 expression. Further characterization of VvSWEET4 revealed that it is a glucose transporter localized in the plasma membrane that is up-regulated by inducers of reactive oxygen species and virulence factors from necrotizing pathogens. Finally, Arabidopsis knockout mutants in the orthologous AtSWEET4 were found to be less susceptible to B. cinerea. We propose that stimulation of expression of a developmentally regulated glucose uniporter by reactive oxygen species production and extensive cell death after necrotrophic fungal infection could facilitate sugar acquisition from plant cells by the pathogen.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Vigne, Biotechnologies et Environnement (LVBE, EA3991), Université de Haute Alsace, 33 rue de Herrlisheim, 68000 Colmar, France julie.chong@uha.fr pere.mestre@colmar.inra.fr.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chong
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1131 Santé de la Vigne et Qualité du Vin, F-68000 Colmar, France Université de Strasbourg, UMR 1131 Santé de la Vigne et Qualité du Vin, F-68000 Colmar, France.
authors.forename: Marie-Christine
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Piron
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1131 Santé de la Vigne et Qualité du Vin, F-68000 Colmar, France Université de Strasbourg, UMR 1131 Santé de la Vigne et Qualité du Vin, F-68000 Colmar, France.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1131 Santé de la Vigne et Qualité du Vin, F-68000 Colmar, France Université de Strasbourg, UMR 1131 Santé de la Vigne et Qualité du Vin, F-68000 Colmar, France.
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Merdinoglu
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Vigne, Biotechnologies et Environnement (LVBE, EA3991), Université de Haute Alsace, 33 rue de Herrlisheim, 68000 Colmar, France.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bertsch
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1131 Santé de la Vigne et Qualité du Vin, F-68000 Colmar, France Université de Strasbourg, UMR 1131 Santé de la Vigne et Qualité du Vin, F-68000 Colmar, France julie.chong@uha.fr pere.mestre@colmar.inra.fr.
authors.forename: Pere
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mestre
mesh_terms: D020171:Botrytis / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D055786:Gene Knockout Techniques; D017343:Genes, Plant; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000235:genetics; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005810:Multigene Family; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D009928:Organ Specificity / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D014774:Virulence; D027843:Vitis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Botrytis cinerea; SWEET transporter; Vitis vinifera.; cell death; grapevine; pathogen resistance; sugar transport