title: Betel-quid and alcohol use were associated with lipid accumulation product among male factory workers in Taiwan.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In this study, cardiometabolic risk associated with betel-quid, alcohol and cigarette use, based on a simple index-lipid accumulation product (LAP), was investigated in Taiwanese male factory workers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male factory workers were recruited during their annual routine health examination at a hospital in south Taiwan. The risk of cardiometabolic disorders was estimated by the use of LAP, calculated as (waist circumference [cm]-65)×(triglyceride concentration [mmol/l]). Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to assess the risk factors of natural logarithm-transformed LAP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 815 participants, 40% (325/815) were current alcohol users, 30% (248/815) were current smokers and 7% (53/815) were current betel-quid users. Current betel-quid use, alcohol use, older age, lack of exercise and higher body mass index were found to be significant and independent factors associated with natural logarithm-transformed LAP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Betel-quid and alcohol, but not cigarette use, were independent risk factors of logarithm-transformed LAP, adjusting for age, exercise and body mass index in male Taiwanese factory workers. LAP can be considered as a simple and useful method for screening of cardiometabolic risk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Fang
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chao-Tung
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Pei-Ming
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Research, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada m.koo@utoronto.ca.
authors.forename: Malcolm
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood; D001114:Areca / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D064250:Hypertriglyceridemic Waist / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology*; D013287:Illicit Drugs / Q000009:adverse effects; D064237:Lipid Accumulation Product; D008297:Male; D066192:Manufacturing Industry; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009790:Occupations; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000097:blood; D013624:Taiwan; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D013287:Illicit Drugs; D014280:Triglycerides; D000431:Ethanol
keywords: Alcohol; Betel nut; Factory workers; Metabolic syndrome; Taiwan