title: Adsorption of zwitterionic surfactant on limestone measured with high-performance liquid chromatography: micelle-vesicle influence.
abstract: Herein is presented a new methodology to determine the static adsorption of a zwitterionic surfactant on limestone in three different aqueous media [high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) water, seawater, and connate water] with the use of HPLC at room temperature and 70 °C. The results showed that, in both HPLC water and seawater, the surfactant adsorption followed a monolayer Langmuir tendency. In contrast, for connate water, the surfactant presented a new adsorption profile, characterized by two regions: (i) At surfactant concentrations below 1500 mg L(-1), an increase of adsorption is observed as the amount of divalent cations increases in the aqueous media. (ii) At surfactant concentrations above 1500 mg L(-1), the adsorption decreases because the equilibrium, monomer ⇆ micelle ⇆ vesicle, is shifted to the formation of vesicles, giving as a result a decrease in the concentration of monomers, thus reducing the interaction between the surfactant and the rock, and therefore, lower adsorption values were obtained. The behavior of the surfactant adsorption under different concentrations of divalent cations was well-described by the use of a new modified Langmuir model: (dΓ/dt)ads = k(ads)c(Γ∞ - Γ) - k(cmc)(c - c(cmc))(n)ΓH(c - c(cmc)). It was also observed that, as the temperature increases, the adsorption is reduced because of the exothermic nature of the adsorption processes.
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Química Aplicada a la Industria Petrolera, ‡Dirección Regional Marina, §Programa de Ingeniería Molecular, and ∥Programa de Recuperación de Hidrocarburos, Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo , Eje Central Lázaro Cárdenas 152, Colonia San Bartolo Atepehuacan, Mexico City 07730, Mexico.
authors.forename: David Aaron
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Nieto-Alvarez
authors.forename: Luis S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Zamudio-Rivera
authors.forename: Erick E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Luna-Rojero
authors.forename: Dinora I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Otamendi
authors.forename: Adlaí
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marín-León
authors.forename: Raúl
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hernández-Altamirano
authors.forename: Violeta Y
authors.initials: VY
authors.lastname: Mena-Cervantes
authors.forename: Tomás Eduardo
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Chávez-Miyauchi