title: Influenza surveillance in animals: what is our capacity to detect emerging influenza viruses with zoonotic potential?
abstract: A survey of national animal influenza surveillance programmes was conducted to assess the current capacity to detect influenza viruses with zoonotic potential in animals (i.e. those influenza viruses that can be naturally transmitted between animals and humans) at regional and global levels. Information on 587 animal influenza surveillance system components was collected for 99 countries from Chief Veterinary Officers (CVOs) (n = 94) and published literature. Less than 1% (n = 4) of these components were specifically aimed at detecting influenza viruses with pandemic potential in animals (i.e. those influenza viruses that are capable of causing epidemic spread in human populations over large geographical regions or worldwide), which would have zoonotic potential as a prerequisite. Those countries that sought to detect influenza viruses with pandemic potential searched for such viruses exclusively in domestic pigs. This work shows the global need for increasing surveillance that targets potentially zoonotic influenza viruses in relevant animal species.
authors.affiliation: Royal Veterinary College (RVC),London,UK.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: VON Dobschuetz
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie,OIE/FAO and National Reference Laboratory for Newcastle Disease and Avian Influenza,OIE Collaborating Centre for Diseases at the Human-Animal Interface,Legnaro,Padova,Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: DE Nardi
authors.affiliation: Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency (AHVLA),EU/OIE/FAO and National Reference Laboratory for Newcastle Disease and Avian Influenza,National Reference Laboratory for Swine Influenza,Surrey,UK.
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie,OIE/FAO and National Reference Laboratory for Newcastle Disease and Avian Influenza,OIE Collaborating Centre for Diseases at the Human-Animal Interface,Legnaro,Padova,Italy.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Munoz
authors.affiliation: Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency (AHVLA),EU/OIE/FAO and National Reference Laboratory for Newcastle Disease and Avian Influenza,National Reference Laboratory for Swine Influenza,Surrey,UK.
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Breed
authors.affiliation: Royal Veterinary College (RVC),London,UK.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wieland
authors.affiliation: Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO),Rome,Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dauphin
authors.affiliation: Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO),Rome,Italy.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lubroth
authors.affiliation: Royal Veterinary College (RVC),London,UK.
authors.forename: K D C
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Stärk
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D062665:Epidemiological Monitoring; D006801:Humans; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000821:virology*; D009975:Orthomyxoviridae / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D034421:Sus scrofa; D015047:Zoonoses / Q000821:virology*
keywords: Emerging infections; influenza A; pandemic; surveillance; surveillance system