title: [Effect of hereditary and environmental factors on the executive function of twin children].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the influence of genetic and environmental factors on the executive function of twin children.
  
  
  METHODS
  The executive function of 122 twin pairs from Chongqing (aged from 6 to 18 years) were investigated with the perseverative errors of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. Structural equation modeling was performed to evaluate the effects of the additive genetic factors (A), dominance genetic latent factors (D) and individual specific environmental factors (E) on the executive functions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The effects of D and E on perseverative errors were 0. 77 (95%CI: 0.65-0.84) and 0.23 (95%CI: 0.16-0.35), respectively. The probability of perseverative errors showed a significant negative correlation with family functioning and with the total GHQ-12 scores of the fathers and mothers (r:-0.335, -0.335, and -0.219, respectively, P<0.01). Perseverative errors were not significantly correlated with the parenting styles and stress life events.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Perseverative errors are influenced by a common dominance genetic latent factor and individual specific environmental factors, but the role of environmental factors such as family functioning and parental health can not be ignored.
authors.affiliation: Mental Health Center, 2Nursing College,The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China. E-mail: 459981016@qq.com.
authors.forename: Xiaomei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Xingshun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Wenfen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Yixiao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Yingqing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Huaqing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Yingcheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D004777:Environment; D056344:Executive Function; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010641:Phenotype