title: Amelioration of lead induced changes in ovary of mice, by garlic extract.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To observe the effects of lead acetate and protective role of garlic extract on the histomorphology of the ovary in an animal model.
  
  
  METHODS
  The experimental trial was conducted at the Department of Anatomy, Army Medical College Rawalpindi, in association with the National Institute of Health (NIH), Islamabad, from April to June 2013. It comprised 30 adult non-pregnant female mice (BALBc strain) weighing 25-27 gms. They were divided into three equal groups of 10 mice each. Group A, taken as control, was given normal diet. Group B was given lead acetate at a dose of 30 mg/kg/day. Group C was given lead acetate 30 mg/kg/day and garlic extract 500 mg/kg/day through oral gavage tube for two months. Animals were dissected a day after the last dose. Size, shape, colour and consistency of the ovary was observed. The right ovary was processed, embedded and stained for histological study. Primary follicles were counted and noted. SPSS 18 wsa used for statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The primary follicular count decreased significantly in Group B while it relatively increased in Group C. Morphology of the ovary was affected after exposure to lead acetate in Group B, while in Group C results were the same as in the Group A controls regarding gross architecture of the ovary.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lead alters the normal histology and affects the physiology of the ovary. It interferes with the development of growing follicles in the ovary. Lead, being a reproductive toxicant, can be a cause of infertility in exposed females.
authors.forename: Naureen
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Waseem
authors.forename: Shadab Ahmed
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Butt
authors.forename: Shabnam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hamid
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D005737:Garlic; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010049:Ovarian Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000187:drug effects; D010053:Ovary / Q000187:drug effects*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D010936:Plant Extracts; C008261:lead acetate