title: Effect of carpometacarpal joint osteoarthritis, sex, and handedness on thumb in vivo kinematics.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the influence of trapeziometacarpal (TMC) osteoarthritis (OA) on the 3-dimensional motion capability of the TMC and thumb metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints. In order to examine other factors affecting the thumb's motion kinematics, we further aimed to address the influence of sex and handedness on the motion capability of normal TMC and MCP joints.
  
  
  METHODS
  We included 18 healthy subjects (9 women, 9 men; 8 dominant hands, 10 nondominant hands) and 18 women with stage II/III TMC OA. A motion analysis system using surface markers was used to quantify the thumb's 3-dimensional opposition-reposition kinematics. The range of motion of the thumb's TMC and MCP joints in flexion-extension, abduction-adduction, and pronation-supination were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TMC OA led to a loss in abduction-adduction in the TMC joint (38° in controls, 26° in TMC OA subjects), although neither flexion-extension nor pronation-supination were affected. At the MCP joint, the TMC OA subjects showed a 48% reduction in abduction-adduction (32° controls, 16° TMC OA subjects) and 42% reduction in pronation-supination (34° in controls, 20° in TMC OA subjects) than the healthy controls. Ranges of motion of the healthy TMC and MCP joints were similar in dominant and nondominant hands as well as in women and men.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study demonstrated that stage II/III TMC OA restricts the motion of the TMC joint in abduction-adduction and of the MCP joint in abduction-adduction and pronation-supination. Thumb motion capability was unaffected by sex and handedness.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Osteoarthritis-induced loss of TMC motion did not reflect a generalizable clinical parameter, rather, it seemed to distinctly affect the TMC and the MCP joints and their motion planes and directions. As neither sex nor handedness influenced the motion capabilities of the healthy thumb, kinematic factors contributing to TMC OA may develop at a later age.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne; Joint Centre Brühl, Brühl, Germany. Electronic address: hamann@dshs-koeln.de.
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hamann
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne; Joint Centre Brühl, Brühl, Germany.
authors.forename: Jörn
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Heidemann
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne; Joint Centre Brühl, Brühl, Germany.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Heinrich
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne; Joint Centre Brühl, Brühl, Germany.
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne; Joint Centre Brühl, Brühl, Germany.
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bleuel
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne; Joint Centre Brühl, Brühl, Germany.
authors.forename: Christiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gonska
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne; Joint Centre Brühl, Brühl, Germany.
authors.forename: Gert-Peter
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Brüggemann
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena / Q000502:physiology; D052737:Carpometacarpal Joints / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008662:Metacarpophalangeal Joint / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology*; D012737:Sex Factors; D013933:Thumb; D051222:Trapezium Bone
keywords: Basal joint; CMC; MCP; OA; TMC; motion