title: Sleep apnea in patients with chronic kidney disease: a single center experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The primary objective of this cross-sectional study was to test factors associated with sleep apnea in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The prevalence of sleep apnea was also assessed.
  
  
  METHODS
  We recruited patients with CKD Stage 3-5 who lived in the St. John's area from September 2012 to December 2012. The Berlin Questionnaire and Short Form 36 Quality of Life Health Survey Questions (SF-36) were administered to all participants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We recruited 303 patients (41% female). A total of 157 (51.8%) patients had a high risk for sleep apnea. Higher body mass index and young age were correlated with sleep apnea. Physical component score of SF-36 (PCS) tested as a continuous variable indicated a significant association with the risk for sleep apnea (OR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.94-0.99, p = 0.03). The association implies 3% change per one point increase in PCS. We categorized mental component score of SF-36 (MCS) into four quartiles, as the linearity assumption was violated. There was a 61% risk increase for poor sleep in those with an MCS score less than the 75th percentile, when compared to those above the 75th percentile (OR: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.21-0.71, p = 0.002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sleep apnea is common in kidney patients. People who have low PCS and MCS scores are more prone to sleep apnea or vice versa. Our results also indicate that high BMI and young age are associated with sleep apnea.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University , St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador , Canada.
authors.forename: Nigar
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sekercioglu
authors.forename: Bryan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Curtis
authors.forename: Sean
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: Brendan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Barrett
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011788:Quality of Life; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012891:Sleep Apnea Syndromes / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Berlin questionnaire; chronic kidney disease; quality of life; sleep apnea