title: Effective topical delivery systems for corticosteroids: dermatological and histological evaluations.
abstract: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic and relapsing skin disease with severe eczematous lesions. Long-term topical corticosteroid treatment can induce skin atrophy, hypopigmentation and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) increase. A new treatment approach was needed to reduce the risk by dermal targeting. For this purpose, Betamethasone valerate (BMV)/Diflucortolone valerate (DFV)-loaded liposomes (220-350 nm) were prepared and incorporated into chitosan gel to obtain adequate viscosity (∼13 000 cps). Drugs were localized in stratum corneum + epidermis of rat skin in ex-vivo permeation studies. The toxicity was assessed on human fibroblast cells. In point of in-vivo studies, pharmacodynamic responses, treatment efficacy and skin irritation were evaluated and compared with previously prepared nanoparticles. Liposome/nanoparticle in gel formulations produced higher paw edema inhibition in rats with respect to the commercial cream. Similar skin blanching effect with commercial creams was obtained via liposome in gels although they contain 10 times less drug. Dermatological scoring results, prognostic histological parameters and suppression of mast cell numbers showed higher treatment efficiency of liposome/nanoparticle in gel formulations in AD-induced rats. TEWL and erythema measurements confirmed these results. Overview of obtained results showed that liposomes might be an effective and safe carrier for corticosteroids in skin disease treatment.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmaceutical Technology .
authors.forename: İpek
authors.initials: İ
authors.lastname: Eroğlu
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmaceutical Technology .
authors.forename: Erkan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Azizoğlu
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmaceutical Technology .
authors.forename: Mine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Özyazıcı
authors.affiliation: b Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Ege University , Bornova, Izmir , Turkey .
authors.forename: Merve
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nenni
authors.affiliation: b Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Ege University , Bornova, Izmir , Turkey .
authors.forename: Hande
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gürer Orhan
authors.affiliation: c Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine , Dokuz Eylul University , Inciralti, Izmir , Turkey , and.
authors.forename: Seda
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Özbal
authors.affiliation: c Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine , Dokuz Eylul University , Inciralti, Izmir , Turkey , and.
authors.forename: Işıl
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tekmen
authors.affiliation: d Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine , Ege University , Bornova, Izmir , Turkey.
authors.forename: İlgen
authors.initials: İ
authors.lastname: Ertam
authors.affiliation: d Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine , Ege University , Bornova, Izmir , Turkey.
authors.forename: İdil
authors.initials: İ
authors.lastname: Ünal
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmaceutical Technology .
authors.forename: Özgen
authors.initials: Ö
authors.lastname: Özer
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001624:Betamethasone Valerate / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D004060:Diflucortolone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D017850:Economics, Pharmaceutical; D004817:Epidermis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008081:Liposomes / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D051381:Rats; D012869:Skin Absorption
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D004337:Drug Carriers; D008081:Liposomes; C013486:diflucortolone valerate; D001624:Betamethasone Valerate; D004060:Diflucortolone
keywords: Atopic dermatitis; corticosteroids; liposomes; nanoparticles; skin permeation