title: Retinal phototransduction.
abstract: Vision is perhaps the most important of all our senses, and gives us an immense amount of information regarding the outside world. The initial format in which this information reaches the retina are photons; particles of energy radiation of a given wavelength emitted or reflected from our surroundings. The brain itself however, perceives information in electrical signals via action potentials and changes in electrochemical gradients. The processes involved in the transduction of photons into electrical potentials will be the focus of this article. This review article summarizes the recent advances in understanding these complex pathways and provides an overview of the main molecules involved in the neurobiology of vision.
authors.affiliation: Academic Medicine Department, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Colney Lane, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UY, United Kingdom. Tel. +44 (1603) 286286. Fax. +44 (1603) 287211. E-mail: Gurdeepmannu@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Gurdeep S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Mannu
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials; D000818:Animals; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000502:physiology; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000502:physiology; D051606:G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 1 / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D055355:Opsins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects; D017785:Photons; D011487:Protein Conformation / Q000528:radiation effects; D051603:Recoverin / Q000502:physiology; D012160:Retina / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D012168:Retinal Pigments / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D017948:Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D012172:Retinaldehyde / Q000502:physiology; D015290:Second Messenger Systems / Q000502:physiology; D014785:Vision, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D055355:Opsins; D012168:Retinal Pigments; D051603:Recoverin; D051606:G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 1; D006152:Cyclic GMP; D012172:Retinaldehyde