title: Three-dimensional development of tensile pre-strained annulus fibrosus cells for tissue regeneration: an in-vitro study.
abstract: Prior research has investigated the immediate response after application of tensile strain on annulus fibrosus (AF) cells for the past decade. Although mechanical strain can produce either catabolic or anabolic consequences to the cell monolayer, little is known on how to translate these findings into further tissue engineering applications. Till to date, the application and effect of tensile pre-strained cells to construct a three-dimensional (3D) AF tissue remains unknown. This study aims to investigate the effect of tensile pre-strained exposure of 1 to 24h on the development of AF pellet culture for 3 weeks. Equibiaxial cyclic tensile strain was applied on AF monolayer cells over a period of 24h, which was subsequently developed into a cell pellet. Investigation on cellular proliferation, phenotypic gene expression, and histological changes revealed that tensile pre-strain for 24h had significant and lasting effect on the AF tissue development, with enhanced cell proliferation, and up-regulation of collagen type I, II, and aggrecan expression. Our results demonstrated the regenerative ability of AF cell pellets subjected to 24h tensile pre-straining. Knowledge on the effects of tensile pre-strain exposure is necessary to optimize AF development for tissue reconstruction. Moreover, the tensile pre-strained cells may further be utilized in either cell therapy to treat mild disc degeneration disease, or the development of a disc construct for total disc replacement.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459.
authors.forename: Yon Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Chuah
authors.affiliation: University Hospital Conventry & Warwickshire NHS Trust, Clifford Bridge Road, West Midlands CV2, 2DX, UK.
authors.forename: Wu Chean
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National University Health System, NUHS Tower Block Level 11, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228.
authors.forename: Hee Kit
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459. Electronic address: yuejun.kang@ntu.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Yuejun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459; Pinnacle Spine & Scoliosis Centre, 3 Mount Elizabeth, Mount Elizabeth Medical Centre, #04-07, Singapore 228510; School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637459. Electronic address: HTHee@ntu.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Hwan Tak
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Hee
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015153:Blotting, Western; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007403:Intervertebral Disc / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D040542:Mechanotransduction, Cellular; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012038:Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D023822:Tissue Engineering
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger
keywords: Aggrecan; Annulus fibrosus; Cellular proliferation; Collagen type I/II; Pellet culture; Pre-tensile strain