title: Incidence of and factors for self-reported fragility fractures among middle-aged and elderly women in rural Korea: an 11-year follow-up study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This community-based cohort study was performed to investigate the incidence of and factors related to self-reported fragility fractures among middle-aged and elderly women living in rural Korea.
  
  
  METHODS
  The osteoporosis cohort recruited 430 women 40 to 69 years old in 1999, and 396 of these women were followed over 11 years. In 1999, questionnaires from all participants assessed general characteristics, medical history, lifestyle, menstrual and reproductive characteristics, and bone mineral density. In 2010, self-reported fractures and the date, site, and cause of these fractures were recorded. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy-six participants among 3949.7 person-years experienced fragility fractures during the 11-year follow-up. The incidence of fragility fractures was 1924.2 per 100 000 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI], 1491.6 to 2356.8). In the multivariate model, low body mass index (HR, 2.66; 95% CI, 1.13 to 6.24), a parental history of osteoporosis (HR, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.18 to 3.49), and postmenopausal status (HR, 3.50; 95% CI, 1.05 to 11.67) were significantly related to fragility fracture.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fracture prevention programs are needed among postmenopausal, rural, Korean women with a low body mass index and parental history of osteoporosis Korea.
authors.affiliation: Health Consultation Center for Daejeon Regional Headquarters, National Health Insurance Service, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Soon-Ki
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Sin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kam
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Byung-Yeol
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Chun
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015519:Bone Density; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008019:Life Style; D008875:Middle Aged; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000150:complications; D017698:Postmenopause; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012424:Rural Population; D057566:Self Report; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Fracture; Fragility; Incidence; Osteoporosis