title: Fluticasone or montelukast in preschool wheeze: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Approximately 30% of children younger than 3 years experience at least 1 episode of wheezing. Antiasthmatic medication is routinely prescribed, but its effectiveness remains unclear. Our study was aimed to evaluate the effect of anti-inflammatory treatment on frequency and severity of preschool wheeze episodes (PWEs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Children aged 6 to 36 months with the first up to the third PWE were randomly assigned to receive montelukast, fluticasone, or no treatment for 12 weeks. The outcome measures were the number of PWEs, the number of hospitalizations due to PWE, and the severity of respiratory symptoms. results: There were no significant differences in outcome measures between the groups. However, tobacco-exposed children treated with fluticasone had significantly fewer PWEs (P = .01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neither montelukast nor fluticasone has proven effective in the prevention of PWE recurrence. Children of smoking parents may benefit from fluticasone treatment after PWE. This observation requires confirmation in larger studies.
authors.affiliation: The Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland marta.krawiec@wum.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krawiec
authors.affiliation: The Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Strzelak
authors.affiliation: The Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Krenke
authors.affiliation: The Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Izabela
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Modelska-Wozniak
authors.affiliation: The Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jaworska
authors.affiliation: The Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kulus
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000730:Androstadienes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D005260:Female; D000068298:Fluticasone; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011804:Quinolines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012135:Respiratory Sounds / Q000187:drug effects*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013440:Sulfides; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D000730:Androstadienes; D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D011804:Quinolines; D013440:Sulfides; D000068298:Fluticasone; C093875:montelukast
keywords: children; fluticasone; management; montelukast; preschool wheeze; tobacco exposure