title: Triterpene alcohols and sterols from rice bran lower postprandial glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide release and prevent diet-induced obesity in mice.
abstract: Obesity is now a worldwide health problem. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is a gut hormone that is secreted following the ingestion of food and modulates energy metabolism. Previous studies reported that lowering diet-induced GIP secretion improved energy homeostasis in animals and humans, and attenuated diet-induced obesity in mice. Therefore, food-derived GIP regulators may be used in the development of foods that prevent obesity. Rice bran oil and its components are known to have beneficial effects on health. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to clarify the effects of the oil-soluble components of rice bran on postprandial GIP secretion and obesity in mice. Triterpene alcohols [cycloartenol (CA) and 24-methylene cycloartanol (24Me)], β-sitosterol, and campesterol decreased the diet-induced secretion of GIP in C57BL/6J mice. Mice fed a high-fat diet supplemented with a triterpene alcohol and sterol preparation (TASP) from rice bran for 23 wk gained less weight than control mice. Indirect calorimetry revealed that fat utilization was higher in TASP-fed mice than in control mice. Fatty acid oxidation-related gene expression in the muscles of mice fed a TASP-supplemented diet was enhanced, whereas fatty acid synthesis-related gene expression in the liver was suppressed. The treatment of HepG2 cells with CA and 24Me decreased the gene expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-1c. In conclusion, we clarified for the first time that triterpene alcohols and sterols from rice bran prevented diet-induced obesity by increasing fatty acid oxidation in muscles and decreasing fatty acid synthesis in the liver through GIP-dependent and GIP-independent mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Biological Science Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tochigi, Japan; and.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fukuoka
authors.affiliation: Biological Science Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tochigi, Japan; and.
authors.forename: Fumiaki
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Okahara
authors.affiliation: Biological Science Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tochigi, Japan; and.
authors.forename: Kohjiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hashizume
authors.affiliation: Analytical Science Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tochigi, Japan.
authors.forename: Kiyotaka
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yanagawa
authors.affiliation: Biological Science Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tochigi, Japan; and.
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Osaki
authors.affiliation: Biological Science Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tochigi, Japan; and shimotoyodome.akira@kao.co.jp.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shimotoyodome
mesh_terms: D000438:Alcohols / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide / Q000378:metabolism*; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009765:Obesity / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012275:Oryza; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D019518:Postprandial Period / Q000187:drug effects*; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D000438:Alcohols; D005227:Fatty Acids; D010840:Phytosterols; D014315:Triterpenes; C066041:24-methylene cycloartanol; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide; C100089:cycloartenol
keywords: GIP; cycloartenol; obesity; triterpene alcohol