title: Association between serum γ-glutamyltranspeptidase and atherosclerosis: a population-based cross-sectional study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between serum γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) as an indicator for atherosclerosis in Japanese men and women after adjusting for fatty liver.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A health check-up centre in Japan.
  
  
  METHODS
  912 Japanese men and women aged 24-84 years recruited from people who received a medical health check-up programme with a standardised questionnaire and an automatic waveform analyser to measure baPWV.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured serum GGT concentrations and baPWV. Fatty liver was diagnosed by standardised criteria using abdominal ultrasonography. The postmenopausal state was defined as beginning 1 year after the cessation of menses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In women, log2 GGT was positively associated with baPWV (β=0.11, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.19, p<0.05), independent of age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, triglycerides, estimated glomerular filtration rate, fatty liver, menopausal state and parameters of lifestyles. However, in men, the positive association of log2 GGT with baPWV was not significant (β=-0.04, 95% CI -0.10 to 0.03, p=0.28) in multivariable linear regression analyses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The serum GGT level was associated with baPWV, independently of covariates including fatty liver or menopausal state just in women, but not in men.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahide
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8651-4445
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hamaguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Murakami Memorial Hospital, Asahi University, Gifu, Japan.
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Murakami Memorial Hospital, Asahi University, Gifu, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohshima
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Murakami Memorial Hospital, Asahi University, Gifu, Japan.
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ohbora
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Murakami Memorial Hospital, Asahi University, Gifu, Japan.
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Michiaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukui
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D055109:Ankle Brachial Index; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D016014:Linear Models; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D063177:Pulse Wave Analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D014463:Ultrasonography; D055815:Young Adult; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase
keywords: EPIDEMIOLOGY; SEXUAL MEDICINE