title: Elevated hepcidin at HIV diagnosis is associated with incident tuberculosis in a retrospective cohort study.
abstract: Hepcidin inhibits ferroportin-mediated iron efflux, leading to intracellular macrophage iron retention, possibly favoring Mycobacterium tuberculosis iron acquisition and tuberculosis (TB) pathogenesis. Plasma hepcidin was measured at human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnosis in a retrospective HIV-prevalent, antiretroviral-naïve African cohort to investigate the association with incident pulmonary and/or extra-pulmonary TB. One hundred ninety-six participants were followed between 5 August 1992 and 1 June 2002, with 32 incident TB cases identified. Greater hepcidin was associated with significantly increased likelihood of TB after a median time to TB of 6 months. Elucidation of iron-related causal mechanisms and time-sensitive biomarkers that identify individual changes in TB risk are needed.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Minchella
authors.affiliation: Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Armitage
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Council Unit (UK), Fajara, The Gambia.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Darboe
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Council Unit (UK), Fajara, The Gambia.
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Jallow
authors.affiliation: Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Drakesmith
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Council Unit (UK), Fajara, The Gambia.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jaye
authors.affiliation: International Nutrition Group, Department of Nutrition and Public Health Intervention Unit, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Prentice
authors.affiliation: Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: McDermid
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005714:Gambia / Q000453:epidemiology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D064451:Hepcidins / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D064451:Hepcidins