title: Pro-apoptotic properties of (1,3)(1,4)-β-D-glucan from Avena sativa on human melanoma HTB-140 cells in vitro.
abstract: In this study, the growth-inhibitory effect of polysaccharide (1,3)(1,4)-β-D-glucan from oat, Avena sativa L. grains was explored on the human skin melanoma HTB-140 cells in vitro. The oat β-D-glucan (OBG) exerted cytotoxic action on HTB-140 cells. After 24h of incubation, LD50 (concentration at which 50% of the cells were found dead) was obtained of 194.6 ± 9.8 μg/mL. The oat β-D-glucan caused a concentration-dependent increase of caspase-3/-7 activation and appearance of phosphatidylserine on the external surface of cellular membranes where it was bound to annexin V-FITC, demonstrating the induction of apoptosis. Intracellular ATP level decreased along with the mitochondrial potential, which suggested a mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. A cell cycle analysis showed increase in the number of apoptotic cells, increase in the number of cells in G1 phase and decrease in the number of cells in G2/M. Although the detailed mechanism for the anti-tumor activity of the oat β-D-glucan still needs further investigation, this study provides preliminary insights into this direction along with perspectives of developing it as an anti-tumor agent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland. Electronic address: aparzonko@wum.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Parzonko
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Care, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Makarewicz-Wujec
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Care, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Edyta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jaszewska
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Biotechnology, Wroclaw University of Economics, Komandorska 118/120, 53-345 Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Harasym
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Care, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kozłowska-Wojciechowska
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D018554:Avena / Q000737:chemistry; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D006801:Humans; D008545:Melanoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D012878:Skin Neoplasms; D047071:beta-Glucans / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D000096142:Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D047071:beta-Glucans; C067858:beta-glucan, (1-3)(1-4)-
keywords: (1,3)(1,4)-β-d-Glucan; Apoptosis; Avena sativa