title: HDL functionality and crystal-based sterile inflammation in atherosclerosis.
abstract: Change is inevitable. In early evolution, due to the limited availability of resources, the sole purpose of living organisms was to survive long enough to transmit their genes to the next generation. During their short lifetime, organisms used pathogen-associated and damage-associated molecular pattern pathways as an inflammatory response against pathogens (exogenous factors) and tissue damage (endogenous factors), respectively. Despite advances in human lifespan, it appears that an increasing number of diseases such as atherosclerosis are associated with inflammation. Excessive glucose, lipid and protein intake leads to the formation of endogenous crystals, i.e., cholesterol, which can induce a sterile inflammatory immune response that manifests as a vicious cycle. In this review, we evaluate the possible relationship between crystal-based sterile inflammatory response and HDL functionality.
authors.affiliation: Atatürk Hospital, Biochemistry Laboratory, Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Esin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Eren
authors.affiliation: Central Laboratories of Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hamit Yasar
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Ellidag
authors.affiliation: Maternity and Children's Hospital, Biochemistry Laboratory, Batman, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ozgur
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Aydin
authors.affiliation: Central Laboratories of Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Necat
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
mesh_terms: D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D003460:Crystallization; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism*; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL
keywords: Cholesterol crystalline; HDL dysfunction; Inflammasome; Paraoxonase; Sterile inflammation; Uric acid crystalline