title: Inspection of feasible calibration conditions for UV radiometer detectors with the KI/KIO3 actinometer.
abstract: UV radiometers are widely employed for irradiance measurements, but their periodical calibrations not only induce an extra cost but also are time-consuming. In this study, the KI/KIO3 actinometer was applied to calibrate UV radiometer detectors at 254 nm with a quasi-collimated beam apparatus equipped with a low-pressure UV lamp, and feasible calibration conditions were identified. Results indicate that a washer constraining the UV light was indispensable, while the size (10 or 50 mL) of a beaker containing the actinometer solution had little influence when a proper washer was used. The absorption or reflection of UV light by the internal beaker wall led to an underestimation or overestimation of the irradiance determined by the KI/KIO3 actinometer, respectively. The proper range of the washer internal diameter could be obtained via mathematical analysis. A radiometer with a longer service time showed a greater calibration factor. To minimize the interference from the inner wall reflection of the collimating tube, calibrations should be conducted at positions far enough away from the tube bottom. This study demonstrates that after the feasible calibration conditions are identified, the KI/KIO3 actinometer can be applied readily to calibrate UV radiometer detectors at 254 nm.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Zhimin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Qiang
authors.forename: Wentao
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Mengkai
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Bolton
authors.forename: Jiuhui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qu
mesh_terms: D002138:Calibration; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D011874:Radiometry / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays