title: Plasma cholesterol-lowering activity of gingerol- and shogaol-enriched extract is mediated by increasing sterol excretion.
abstract: The present study investigated the cholesterol-lowering activity of gingerol- and shogaol-enriched ginger extract (GSE). Thirty hamsters were divided into three groups and fed the control diet or one of the two experimental diets containing 0.5 and 1.0% GSE. Plasma total cholesterol, liver cholesterol, and aorta atherosclerotic plaque were dose-dependently decreased with increasing amounts of GSE added into diets. The fecal sterol analysis showed dietary GSE increased the excretion of both neutral and acidic sterols in a dose-dependent manner. GSE down-regulated the mRNA levels of intestinal Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 protein (NPC1L1), acyl CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase 2 (ACAT2), microsomal triacylglycerol transport protein (MTP), and ATP binding cassette transporter 5 (ABCG5), whereas it up-regulated hepatic cholesterol-7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1). It was concluded that beneficial modification of the lipoprotein profile by dietary GSE was mediated by enhancing excretion of fecal cholesterol and bile acids via up-regulation of hepatic CYP7A1 and down-regulation of mRNA of intestinal NPC1L1, ACAT2, and MTP.
authors.affiliation: Food and Nutritional Sciences Programme, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.forename: Yuwei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xiaobo
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.forename: Ka Ying
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Yuk Man
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Lijun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Sun Wa
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Man
authors.forename: Shengmin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sang
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Zhen-Yu
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001692:Biological Transport; D002396:Catechols / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D002790:Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006224:Cricetinae; D005233:Fatty Alcohols / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D020939:Zingiber officinale / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D007422:Intestines / Q000201:enzymology; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008647:Mesocricetus; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002785:Sterol O-Acyltransferase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013261:Sterols / Q000378:metabolism*; D000097587:Sterol O-Acyltransferase 2
chemical_list: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D002396:Catechols; D002784:Cholesterol; D002790:Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists; D005233:Fatty Alcohols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D002785:Sterol O-Acyltransferase; D013261:Sterols; D000097587:Sterol O-Acyltransferase 2; C040115:shogaol; C007845:gingerol
keywords: ABCG5/8; ACAT2; CYP7A1; MTP; NPC1L1; cholesterol; ginger