title: Methodological and metabolic considerations in the study of caffeine-containing energy drinks.
abstract: Caffeine-containing energy drinks are popular and widely available beverages. Despite large increases in consumption, studies documenting the nutritional, metabolic, and health implications of these beverages are limited. This review provides some important methodological considerations in the examination of these drinks and highlights their potential impact on the gastrointestinal system, liver, and metabolic health. The gastrointestinal system is important as it comes into contact with the highest concentration of energy drink ingredients and initiates a chain of events to communicate with peripheral tissues. Although energy drinks have diverse compositions, including taurine, ginseng, and carnitine, the most metabolically deleterious ingredients appear to be simple sugars (such as glucose and fructose) and caffeine. In combination, these last two ingredients have the greatest metabolic impact and potential influence on overall health.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shearer
mesh_terms: D002110:Caffeine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019422:Dietary Sucrose / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D061215:Energy Drinks / Q000009:adverse effects; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects*; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D019422:Dietary Sucrose; D002110:Caffeine
keywords: caffeine; energy drink; gastrointestinal system; liver; metabolic health; taurine