title: Clarithromycin dissolution enhancement by preparation of aqueous nanosuspensions using sonoprecipitation technique.
abstract: Clarithromycin (CLM) is a member of macrolide family with broad spectrum antibiotic activity. It is practically insoluble in water and its poor solubility is pH dependent. In this study, series of nanosuspensions containing CLM and stabilizer such as HPMC, NaCMC, polysorbate 80, poloxamer 188 and polyvinyl alcohol in various ratios were prepared using sonoprecipitation method. Briefly, CLM was dissolved in acid solution and the pH of solution was raised under sonication and the effects of different stabilizers on particle size of nanoparticles were evaluated. Characterization of nanoparticles in terms of size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, differential scanning calorimetery and dissolution studies was performed. Antimicrobial activity of CLM nanosuspension was compared with coarse powder by using an agar well diffusion method. The results showed that HPMC was more efficient in size reduction of particles and presence of HPMC E5 with ratio of 3:5 to CLM in formulation led to develop the stable nanosuspension with particle size of 340 nm. The obtained nanosuspension successfully showed enhanced dissolution rate and antimicrobial activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Es ׳hagh
authors.initials: E׳
authors.lastname: Esfandi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
authors.forename: Vahid
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ramezani
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vatanara
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Abdolhossein
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rouholamini Najafabadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Seyyed Pouya
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Hadipour Moghaddam
keywords: Antimicrobial activity; Clarithromycin; Nanosuspension; Solubility; Stabilizer