title: Associations between the dietary intake of antioxidant nutrients and the risk of hip fracture in elderly Chinese: a case-control study.
abstract: The role of oxidative stress in skeletal health is unclear. The present study investigated whether a high dietary intake of antioxidant nutrients (vitamins C and E, β-carotene, animal-derived vitamin A, retinol equivalents, Zn and Se) is associated with a reduced risk of hip fracture in elderly Chinese. This 1:1 matched case-control study involved 726 elderly Chinese with hip fracture and 726 control subjects, recruited between June 2009 and May 2013. Face-to-face interviews were conducted to determine habitual dietary intakes of the above-mentioned seven nutrients based on a seventy-nine-item FFQ and information on various covariates, and an antioxidant score was calculated. After adjustment for potential covariates, dose-dependent inverse associations were observed between the dietary intake of vitamin C, vitamin E, β-carotene, and Se and antioxidant score and the risk of hip fracture (P for trend ≤ 0·005). The OR of hip fracture for the highest (v. lowest) quartile of intake were 0·39 (95 % CI 0·28, 0·56) for vitamin C, 0·23 (95 % CI 0·16, 0·33) for vitamin E, 0·51 (95 % CI 0·36, 0·73) for β-carotene, 0·43 (95 % CI 0·26, 0·70) for Se and 0·24 (95 % CI 0·17, 0·36) for the antioxidant score. A moderate-to-high dietary intake of retinol equivalents in quartiles 2-4 (v. 1) was found to be associated with a lower risk of hip fracture (OR range: 0·51-0·63, P< 0·05). No significant association was observed between dietary Zn or animal-derived vitamin A intake and hip fracture risk (P for trend >0·20). In conclusion, a higher dietary intake of vitamins C and E, β-carotene, and Se and a moderate-to-high dietary intake of retinol equivalents are associated with a lower risk of hip fracture in elderly Chinese.
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou510080,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Li-li
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Guangzhou Orthopaedics Trauma Hospital,Guangzhou510045,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Bao-lin
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou510080,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hai-li
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou510080,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Guangzhou Orthopaedics Trauma Hospital,Guangzhou510045,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wei-zhong
authors.initials: WZ
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou510080,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Bao-hua
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou510080,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wen-qiong
authors.initials: WQ
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou510080,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yu-ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D044466:Asian People; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China; D005260:Female; D006620:Hip Fractures / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000150:complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D012306:Risk; D012307:Risk Factors; D012643:Selenium / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014815:Vitamins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015032:Zinc / Q000494:pharmacology; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D014131:Trace Elements; D014815:Vitamins; D019207:beta Carotene; D014801:Vitamin A; D014810:Vitamin E; D012643:Selenium; D015032:Zinc; D001205:Ascorbic Acid