title: Optimization of radiation therapy techniques for prostate cancer with prostate-rectum spacers: a systematic review.
abstract: Dose-escalated radiation therapy for localized prostate cancer improves disease control but is also associated with worse rectal toxicity. A spacer placed between the prostate and rectum can be used to displace the anterior rectal wall outside of the high-dose radiation regions and potentially minimize radiation-induced rectal toxicity. This systematic review focuses on the published data regarding the different types of commercially available prostate-rectum spacers. Dosimetric results and preliminary clinical data using prostate-rectum spacers in patients with localized prostate cancer treated by curative radiation therapy are compared and discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Radiation Oncology, Centre Intégré de Cancérologie de Laval, Centre de Santé et de Services Sociaux de Laval, Laval, Québec, Canada; Department of Radiology, Radiation Oncology, and Nuclear Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mok
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Eileen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Benz
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Jean-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Vallee
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Raymond
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Miralbell
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland. Electronic address: Thomas.Zilli@hcuge.ch.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zilli
mesh_terms: D020341:Absorbable Implants; D002408:Catheters, Indwelling; D003094:Collagen / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019583:Dose Fractionation, Radiation; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D012007:Rectum / Q000528:radiation effects*
chemical_list: D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D003094:Collagen