title: The ADP-ribosylation factor 1 gene is indispensable for mouse embryonic development after implantation.
abstract: ADP-ribosylation factor (Arf) 1 is thought to affect the morphologies of organelles, such as the Golgi apparatus, and regulate protein trafficking pathways. Mice have six Arf isoforms. In knockdown experiments with HeLa cells, no single Arf isoform among Arf1-5 is required for organelle morphologies or any membrane trafficking step. This suggests that the cooperation of two or more Arfs is a general feature. Although many cell biological and biochemical analyses have proven the importance of Arf1, the physiological roles of Arf1 in mice remain unknown. To investigate the activity of Arf1 in vivo, we established Arf1-deficient mice. Arf(-/-) blastocysts were identified at the expected Mendelian ratio. The appearance of these blastocysts was indistinguishable from that of wild-type and Arf(+/-) blastocysts, and they grew normally in an in vitro culture system. However, Arf(-/-) embryos were degenerated at E5.5, and none survived to E12.5, suggesting that they died soon after implantation. These data establish for the first time that the Arf1 gene is indispensable for mouse embryonic development after implantation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Nara Women's University, Nara, Japan.
authors.forename: Natsuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hayakawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Nara Women's University, Nara, Japan.
authors.forename: Honami
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ogoh
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Nara Women's University, Nara, Japan.
authors.forename: Mami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sumiyoshi
authors.affiliation: Cell Resource Center for Biomedical Research, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuhisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Nara Women's University, Nara, Japan.
authors.forename: Saori
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nishikawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Nara Women's University, Nara, Japan.
authors.forename: Kananko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Nara Women's University, Nara, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Maede
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Animal Resources and Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kiyonari
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Nara Women's University, Nara, Japan.
authors.forename: Mai
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Nara Women's University, Nara, Japan. Electronic address: toshiwatana@cc.nara-wu.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watanabe
mesh_terms: D020823:ADP-Ribosylation Factor 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D010064:Embryo Implantation / Q000502:physiology*; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000502:physiology*; D047108:Embryonic Development; D005260:Female; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout
chemical_list: D020823:ADP-Ribosylation Factor 1
keywords: ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (Arf1); Developmental defects; Embryogenesis; Gene knockout; Implantation