title: [Schleimpflug photography detects alterations in corneal density and thickness in patients with dry eye disease].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dry eye disease is a common ocular surface disease that significantly affects the quality of life. Little is known about a potential impact of the disease on corneal morphology. This study was carried out to investigate for the first time if dry eye disease induces changes in corneal density and thickness.
  
  
  METHODS
  In total 97 patients suffering from dry eye disease and 33 healthy age-matched individuals were included in this prospective, randomized study. Corneal morphology was documented with Scheimpflug photography and analyzed for central corneal thickness and corneal density in five anatomical layers (i.e. epithelium, Bowman membrane, corneal stroma, Descemet membrane and endothelium).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Corneal density was significantly reduced in the epithelium (p = 0.0053), Bowman membrane (p = 0.0049) and Descemet's membrane (p = 0.0385) in patients with dry eye syndrome compared to healthy controls. This decrease was age-dependant. Furthermore, central corneal thickness was significantly reduced in patients with dry eye syndrome compared to the control group (p = 0.0495). The change was again dependent on age with lower values at higher age. Central corneal thickness increased with age in the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study indicate that corneal morphology is subject to significant alterations in patients with dry eye disease. Scheimpflug photography provides not only unique information in lens trials but is also able to detect changes of corneal anatomy. However, further investigations with other anterior segment imaging techniques, such spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT/Pentacam®) are necessary to further evaluate the clinical consequences of these findings.
authors.affiliation: Augenklinik Herzog Carl Theodor, Nymphenburger Str. 43, 80335, München, Deutschland, linda.meyer@eyelab.se.
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kronschläger
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Wegener
mesh_terms: D001699:Biometry / Q000379:methods; D003315:Cornea / Q000473:pathology*; D063171:Corneal Pachymetry / Q000379:methods*; D019781:Corneal Topography / Q000379:methods*; D015352:Dry Eye Syndromes / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007637:Keratoconjunctivitis / Q000473:pathology*; D010781:Photography / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity