title: Effectiveness of the E2-classical swine fever virus recombinant vaccine produced and formulated within whey from genetically transformed goats.
abstract: Subunit recombinant vaccines against classical swine fever virus (CSFV) are a promising alternative to overcome practical and biosafety issues with inactivated vaccines. One of the strategies in evaluation under field conditions is the use of a new marker E2-based vaccine produced in the milk of adenovirally transduced goats. Previously we had demonstrated the efficacy of this antigen, which conferred early protection and long-lasting immunity in swine against CSFV infection. Here, we have used a simpler downstream process to obtain and formulate the recombinant E2 glycoprotein expressed in the mammary gland. The expression levels reached approximately 1.7 mg/ml, and instead of chromatographic separation of the antigen, we utilized a clarification process that eliminates the fat content, retains a minor amount of caseins, and includes an adenoviral inactivation step that improves the biosafety of the final formulation. In a vaccination and challenge experiment in swine, different doses of the E2 antigen contained within the clarified whey generated an effective immune response of neutralizing antibodies that protected all of the animals against a lethal challenge with CSFV. During the immunization and after challenge, the swine were monitored for adverse reactions related to the vaccine or symptoms of CSF, respectively. No adverse reactions or clinical signs of disease were observed in vaccinated animals, in which no replication of CSFV could be detected after challenge. Overall, we consider that the simplicity of the procedures proposed here is a further step toward the introduction and implementation of a commercial subunit vaccine against CSF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sánchez
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile Prometeo Project, Secretaría de Educación Superior, Quito, Ecuador.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barrera
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile Animal Biotechnology Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana, Cuba.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Farnós
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
authors.forename: N C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Parra
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Salgado
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Saavedra
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Meza
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
authors.forename: C I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Rivas
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cortez-San Martín
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile jotoledo@udec.cl.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Toledo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing / Q000276:immunology; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D006691:Classical Swine Fever / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006692:Classical Swine Fever Virus / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006041:Goats; D013552:Swine; D014611:Vaccination; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D000067816:Whey Proteins
chemical_list: D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; D014765:Viral Vaccines; D000067816:Whey Proteins; C087086:glycoprotein E2, classical swine fever virus