title: The distribution of high-risk human papillomaviruses is different in young and old patients with cervical cancer.
abstract: Despite numerous human papillomavirus (HPV) frequency studies in women with cervical cancer (CC), little is known of HPV frequency trends according to patient age. In this work, we compare the mean age and frequency distribution by age of CC patients positive for different HPVs. This study included 462 CC patients. HPVs were detected by PCR and typed using DNA sequencing. A total of 456 patients (98.7%) were positive for HPV: 418 (90.5%) had single and 38 (8.2%) had double HPV infections. HPV16 (46.5%), HPV18 (10.4%), HPV45 (6.7%), and HPV31 (4.1%) were the most frequent viral types in single-infected patients. The mean ages of single-infected patients with HPV16 (49.2±13.3), HPV18 (47.9±12.2), HPV45 (47.9±11.7), or HPV39 (42.6±8.9) were significantly lower than the mean ages of patients singly (53.9±12.7; p<0.001, t-test) or doubly (55.4±12.7; p<0.05, t-test) infected with the remaining HPVs. Three different trends were identified: one for HPV16, another for HPVs18/45/39, and a third for the rest of HPVs. The frequency trend of HPV16 shows two peaks. The first (63.2%) was found in the youngest women (≤35 years), followed by a decreasing trend until the age of 55-60 years (31.1%). The second peak arose at 61-65 years (52.5%), followed by a decreasing trend. The trend for HPVs18/45/39 declined from the youngest (19.3%) to the oldest (>70 years; 12.8%) women. In contrast, the trend for the remaining HPVs increased from the youngest (15.8%) to the oldest (46.2%) women. Unlike other life-style factors, low-risk sexual behavior was associated with late onset of CC independent of low-oncogenic HPV types (p<0.05, Wald chi-square statistic). The data indicate that most CCs in young women depend on the presence of high-oncogenic HPVs. In contrast, almost half of CCs in older patients had low-oncogenic HPVs, suggesting they could depend on the presence of other factors.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Medicina Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México/Hospital General de México, México, D.F. México.
authors.forename: Mariano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guardado-Estrada
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Medicina Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México/Hospital General de México, México, D.F. México.
authors.forename: Eligia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Juárez-Torres
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Oncología, Hospital General de México. México, D.F. México.
authors.forename: Edgar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Román-Bassaure
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Medicina Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México/Hospital General de México, México, D.F. México.
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Medina-Martinez
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Medicina Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México/Hospital General de México, México, D.F. México.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alfaro
authors.affiliation: Academia Mexicana de Dermatología, México, D.F. México.
authors.forename: Rosa Elba
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Benuto
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dean
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional. México, D.F. México.
authors.forename: Nicolás
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Villegas-Sepulveda
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Medicina Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México/Hospital General de México, México, D.F. México; Departamento de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. México, D.F. México.
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Berumen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D055815:Young Adult