title: Patterns of substance use, delinquency, and risk factors among adolescent inhalant users.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite insidious effects, use of inhalant substances by adolescents remains an understudied phenomenon.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This research was designed to identify patterns of past year substance use and delinquency among adolescent inhalant users.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study used a sample of adolescent inhalant users (ages ranged from 12-17 years, n = 7,476) taken from a pooled sample of the 2002 through 2012 National Survey of Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). Three-step latent class analyses were conducted with past year substance use and delinquency behaviors as class indicators. Demographic and social covariates were included in the analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analyses yielded a six-class solution comprised of classes of users characterized by low substance use/low delinquency, high substance use/low delinquency, low substance use/fighting, cigarettes/alcohol/marijuana, high substance use/high delinquency, and cigarettes/alcohol/ marijuana/opioids/moderate delinquency.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings provide insight into the taxonomy of adolescent inhalant user heterogeneity, and may inform future efforts at detection and prevention of inhalant use by suggesting warning signs of co-occurring externalizing behaviors and possible indications of underlying internalized issues.
authors.affiliation: Claremont Graduate University, Department of Psychology, Claremont , Califonia , USA.
authors.forename: Brandon
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nakawaki
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Crano
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D001294:Attitude to Health; D002648:Child; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D058545:Inhalant Abuse / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D007604:Juvenile Delinquency / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology; D012307:Risk Factors; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Inhalants; adolescents; latent class analysis; substance abuse; volatile substance misuse