title: Restoration materials and secondary caries using an in vitro biofilm model.
abstract: This in vitro study investigated whether restoration materials and adhesives influence secondary caries formation in gaps using a short-term in vitro biofilm model. Sixty enamel-dentin blocks were restored with 6 different restoration materials with or without adhesives (n = 10 per group) with a gap: 1) Clearfil AP-X composite, 2) Clearfil AP-X composite + SE Bond, 3) Clearfil AP-X composite + ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite, 5) Filtek Silorane composite + Silorane System adhesive, or 6) Tytin amalgam. Specimens were subjected to an intermittent 1% sucrose biofilm model for 20 days to create artificial caries lesions. Lesion progression in the enamel-dentin next to the different materials was measured in lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) using transversal wavelength independent microradiography (T-WIM). A regression analysis was used to compare the LD and ML of the different restoration materials at 4 measurement locations: 1 location at the surface of the enamel, 1 location at the wall of the enamel, and 2 locations at the wall of the dentin. A statistically significant effect of AP-X composite with Protect Bond was found for LD and ML at the WallDentin1 location, leading to less advanced wall lesions. An additional finding was that gap size was also statistically significant at the 2 wall locations in dentin, leading to increasing lesion progression with wider gaps. In conclusion, adhesives can influence wall lesion development in gaps. Protect Bond showed significantly less caries progression compared to bare restoration materials or other adhesives in this short-term in vitro biofilm model.
authors.affiliation: College of Dental Sciences, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands Nicolien.Kuper@radboudumc.nl.
authors.forename: N K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Kuper
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
authors.forename: F H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: van de Sande
authors.affiliation: College of Dental Sciences, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: N J M
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Opdam
authors.affiliation: College of Dental Sciences, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Bronkhorst
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: de Soet
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Cenci
authors.affiliation: College of Dental Sciences, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: M C D J N M
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Huysmans
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D018441:Biofilms; D002326:Cariogenic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002417:Cattle; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D003722:Dental Alloys / Q000737:chemistry; D003723:Dental Amalgam / Q000737:chemistry; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000382:microbiology*; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000382:microbiology; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D003804:Dentin / Q000382:microbiology; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D008852:Microradiography / Q000379:methods; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D012463:Saliva / Q000382:microbiology; D062047:Silorane Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D013395:Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D002326:Cariogenic Agents; C112828:Clearfil AP-X; C503075:Clearfil Protect Bond; C438313:Clearfil SE Bond; D003188:Composite Resins; D003722:Dental Alloys; D003764:Dental Materials; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D008689:Methacrylates; D019279:Resin Cements; D062047:Silorane Resins; C555513:silorane composite resin; D013395:Sucrose; C036886:tytin; D003723:Dental Amalgam
keywords: composite resins; dental amalgam; dental caries; dental materials; dentin bonding agents; tooth demineralization