title: An alternative intraoperative method based on annular circumference for the decision-making of prophylactic tricuspid annuloplasty.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Tricuspid valve exploration during surgery plays an important role in the decision-making of concomitant tricuspid annuloplasty at the time of left-sided valve surgery. However, at present a good standard to define tricuspid annular dilatation is not available. The study aim was to introduce an alternative method based on annular circumference to judge the extent of annular dilatation, and investigate its predictive ability for the postoperative progression of tricuspid regurgitation (TR).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 127 patients with non-significant TR who underwent isolated left-sided valve surgery at the authors' institution between October 2010 and October 2011 were enrolled prospectively in the study. Intraoperative measurements of the tricuspid annular circumference (TAC) were made for each patient and adjusted to the patient's body surface area to give the TAC index (TACI). The primary end-point was defined as the progression of TR by more than two grades, or a final TR grade > or = 3+ at follow up echocardiography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean follow up period was 30.2 months (range: 24-37 months). Three variables were found to be associated with postoperative TR progression, including atrial fibrillation, left atrial diameter, and the intraoperatively measured TACI (p = -0.1 in univariate analysis). However, on multiple regression analysis only the TACI (OR 1.586; 95% CI 1.303-1.929; p < 0.001) was significantly associated with TR progression. Based on the receiver-operator characteristic curve, it was possible to derive an optimal cut-off value (83 mm/m2) to predict the postoperative development of TR with higher sensitivity and specificity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among a patient population with predominantly rheumatic left-sided valve disease, the tricuspid annular circumference, when assessed with special sizers, proved to be an ideal method to judge if the annulus would dilate, or not, during surgery. A deduced TACI threshold of 83 mm/m2 was recommended as an indication for prophylactic tricuspid repair.
authors.forename: Tie-Yuan
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001021:Aortic Valve / Q000601:surgery; D004108:Dilatation, Pathologic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000601:surgery; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014261:Tricuspid Valve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D014262:Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D014463:Ultrasonography