title: Phenotypes, accumulation, and functions of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and associated treatment strategies in cancer patients.
abstract: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) comprise a group of heterogeneous and immature myeloid-derived cells. MDSCs accumulate in the blood, lymphoid organs, spleens and tumor tissues under different pathogenic conditions such as infection, trauma, hematosepsis, and especially oncogenesis. MDSCs can suppress both adaptive and innate immunities through multiple mechanisms. However, most of our knowledge of MDSCs is based on pre-clinical studies. Clinical observations have shown that the number of MDSCs in the peripheral blood of patients is closely related to tumor stage, tumor burden, remote metastasis and prognosis, though inconsistencies in MDSC phenotypes among cancer patients mean that results have been inconclusive, and subsequent research progress has been slow. This review summarizes recent studies that have investigated MDSCs in cancer patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Huashan Hospital and Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, China.
authors.forename: Jingwei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Shanghai Cancer Center and Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, China. Electronic address: guoweijiansh@163.com.
authors.forename: Weijian
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Huashan Hospital and Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, China. Electronic address: xiaohualiang2009@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Xiaohua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liang
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019070:Cell Lineage / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D019468:Disease Management; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D022423:Myeloid Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D010641:Phenotype; D011379:Prognosis; D015398:Signal Transduction; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins
keywords: Human; Immune suppressor cell; Myeloid-derived suppressor cell; Tumor