title: Signalling dynamics in the spindle checkpoint response.
abstract: The spindle checkpoint ensures proper chromosome segregation during cell division. Unravelling checkpoint signalling has been a long-standing challenge owing to the complexity of the structures and forces that regulate chromosome segregation. New reports have now substantially advanced our understanding of checkpoint signalling mechanisms at the kinetochore, the structure that connects microtubules and chromatin. In contrast to the traditional view of a binary checkpoint response - either completely on or off - new findings indicate that the checkpoint response strength is variable. This revised perspective provides insight into how checkpoint bypass can lead to aneuploidy and informs strategies to exploit these errors for cancer treatments.
authors.affiliation: 1] Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N., PO Box 19024, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA. [2] Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Washington/Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA.
authors.forename: Nitobe
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: London
authors.affiliation: Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N., PO Box 19024, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA.
authors.forename: Sue
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Biggins
mesh_terms: D000782:Aneuploidy; D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D020090:Chromosome Segregation; D002875:Chromosomes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D018386:Kinetochores / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008870:Microtubules / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008938:Mitosis; D011485:Protein Binding; D015398:Signal Transduction; D062211:Spatio-Temporal Analysis; D008941:Spindle Apparatus / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins