title: Methadone maintenance therapy and HIV counseling and testing are associated with lower frequency of risky behaviors among injection drug users in China.
abstract: Three consecutive cross-sectional surveys were conducted among injection drug users (IDUs). Of 2,530 participants, 47.7% reported ever sharing needles, 78.2% having had unprotected sex in the last month, 34.4% not receiving either methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) or HIV voluntary counseling and testing (VCT), 4.8% ever receiving MMT-only, 36.6% ever receiving VCT-only, and 24.2% ever receiving both MMT and VCT. MMT-only and the combination of MMT and VCT had significant associations with needle sharing and on unprotected sexual behaviors. Effectively integrating VCT into MMT services is a logical way to maximize the impact of both interventions on risky behaviors among IDUs.
authors.affiliation: 1Institute for Global Health, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville, TN , USA.
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wenwen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.forename: Linglin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Baofa
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Yujiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Pingsheng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Holly
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cassell
authors.forename: Sten
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vermund
mesh_terms: D015492:AIDS Serodiagnosis; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003376:Counseling; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008691:Methadone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D016485:Needle Sharing / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D058850:Opiate Substitution Treatment / Q000523:psychology*; D012309:Risk-Taking; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D013587:Syphilis / Q000453:epidemiology; D047568:Unsafe Sex / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D008691:Methadone
keywords: HIV behavior; HIV prevention; HIV voluntary counseling and testing; injection drug use; methadone maintenance treatment; needle sharing; sexual risk behavior; substance use