title: [Embryochorionic insufficiency: anatomic and physiologic prerequisites, rationale, definitions and pathogenetic mechanisms].
abstract: The paper provides a rationale for the new concept--embryochorionic insufficiency as a combined pathological response of extraembryonic structures and an embryo to different maternal exo- and endogenous disorders; it gives rise to early spontaneous abortions and non-developing pregnancies. The main pathogenetic mechanisms of embryochorionic insufficiency are: 1) endometrial structural incompetence; 2) dyschronism in the development of the extraembryonic coelom, amniotic cavity, yolk sac, and early placenta; 3) insufficient cytotrophoblast invasion; 4) discordant hemodynamic relationships; 5) blood rheological disorders; 6) local inflammation (endometritis); 7) oxidative stress; 8) secondary changes in the placental villi; 9) compensatory responses.
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Milovanov
authors.forename: I N
authors.initials: IN
authors.lastname: Ozhiganova
mesh_terms: D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D002823:Chorion / Q000196:embryology / Q000473:pathology*; D004716:Endometritis / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010920:Placenta / Q000473:pathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000473:pathology; D015017:Yolk Sac / Q000473:pathology*