title: The effect of dietary estimates calculated using food frequency questionnaires on micronuclei formation in European pregnant women: a NewGeneris study.
abstract: The use of biomarkers of early genetic effects, predictive for cancer, such as micronuclei (MN) in lymphocytes, may help to investigate the association between diet and cancer. We hypothesised that the presence of mutagens in the diet may increase MN formation. A 'pooled' standardised analysis was performed by applying the same experimental protocol for the cytokinesis block micronucleus assay in 625 young healthy women after delivery from five European study populations (Greece, Denmark, UK, Spain and Norway). We assessed MN frequencies in mono- and binucleated T-lymphocytes (MNMONO and MNBN) and the cytokinesis blocked proliferation index using a semi-automated image analysis system. Food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) were used to estimate intake of fatty acids and a broad range of immunotoxic and genotoxic/carcinogenic compounds through the diet. Pooled difference based on delivery type revealed higher MNMONO frequencies in caesarean than in vaginal delivery (P = 0.002). Statistical analysis showed a decrease in MNMONO frequencies with increasing calculated omega-6 PUFA concentrations and a decrease in MNBN frequencies with increasing calculated omega-3 PUFA concentrations. The expected toxic compounds estimated by FFQs were not associated with MN formation in mothers after delivery. In pregnant women, an omega-3 and -6 rich diet estimated by FFQ is associated with lower MN formation during pregnancy and delivery.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cell Genetics, Faculty of Science and Bio-engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, Vassileos Constantinou Avenue 48, 11635 Athens, Greece, Division of Medical Science, School of Life Science, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, UK, Department of Histology and Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, PO Box 2208, 71003 Heraklion, Greece, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain, Grup de Mutagenesi, Departament de Genetica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Placa Civica, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Ellaterra, Spain, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain, Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404 Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, Norway, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Norregade 10, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark, Laboratory of Antropogenetics, Faculty of Science and Bio-engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium, Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Clinical Trials, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-National Cancer Research Institute, R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy, Department of Toxicogenomics, University of Maastricht, Minderbroedersberg 4-6, 6211 LK Maastricht, the Netherlands, Municipal Institute of Medical Research, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Casanova 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain and National School of Public Health, Alexandras Avenue 196, 11521 Athens, Greece kvdelooc@vub.ac.be.
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vande Loock
authors.affiliation: National Hellenic Research Foundation, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, Vassileos Constantinou Avenue 48, 11635 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Botsivali
authors.affiliation: National Hellenic Research Foundation, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, Vassileos Constantinou Avenue 48, 11635 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zangogianni
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Science, School of Life Science, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, UK.
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Science, School of Life Science, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, UK.
authors.forename: Adolph
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baumgartner
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, PO Box 2208, 71003 Heraklion, Greece, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Eleni
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fthenou
authors.affiliation: Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, PO Box 2208, 71003 Heraklion, Greece.
authors.forename: Leda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chatzi
authors.affiliation: Grup de Mutagenesi, Departament de Genetica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Placa Civica, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Ellaterra, Spain.
authors.forename: Ricard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marcos
authors.affiliation: Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Sylvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Agramunt
authors.affiliation: Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404 Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Ellen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Namork
authors.affiliation: Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404 Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Berit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Granum
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Norregade 10, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Lisbeth E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Knudsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Norregade 10, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Jeanette K S
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Nielssen
authors.affiliation: Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404 Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Helle Margrete
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Meltzer
authors.affiliation: Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404 Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Margaretha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haugen
authors.affiliation: National Hellenic Research Foundation, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, Vassileos Constantinou Avenue 48, 11635 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Soterios A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Kyrtopoulos
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cell Genetics, Faculty of Science and Bio-engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, Vassileos Constantinou Avenue 48, 11635 Athens, Greece, Division of Medical Science, School of Life Science, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, UK, Department of Histology and Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, PO Box 2208, 71003 Heraklion, Greece, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain, Grup de Mutagenesi, Departament de Genetica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Placa Civica, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Ellaterra, Spain, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain, Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404 Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, Norway, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Norregade 10, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark, Laboratory of Antropogenetics, Faculty of Science and Bio-engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium, Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Clinical Trials, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-National Cancer Research Institute, R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy, Department of Toxicogenomics, University of Maastricht, Minderbroedersberg 4-6, 6211 LK Maastricht, the Netherlands, Municipal Institute of Medical Research, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Casanova 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain and National School of Public Health, Alexandras Avenue 196, 11521 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Ilse
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Decordier
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cell Genetics, Faculty of Science and Bio-engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, Vassileos Constantinou Avenue 48, 11635 Athens, Greece, Division of Medical Science, School of Life Science, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, UK, Department of Histology and Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, PO Box 2208, 71003 Heraklion, Greece, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain, Grup de Mutagenesi, Departament de Genetica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Placa Civica, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Ellaterra, Spain, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain, Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404 Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, Norway, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Norregade 10, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark, Laboratory of Antropogenetics, Faculty of Science and Bio-engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium, Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Clinical Trials, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-National Cancer Research Institute, R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy, Department of Toxicogenomics, University of Maastricht, Minderbroedersberg 4-6, 6211 LK Maastricht, the Netherlands, Municipal Institute of Medical Research, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Casanova 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain and National School of Public Health, Alexandras Avenue 196, 11521 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Gina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Plas
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Antropogenetics, Faculty of Science and Bio-engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Mathieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roelants
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Clinical Trials, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-National Cancer Research Institute, R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Merlo
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicogenomics, University of Maastricht, Minderbroedersberg 4-6, 6211 LK Maastricht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jos
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kleinjans
authors.affiliation: Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain, Municipal Institute of Medical Research, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Casanova 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain and National School of Public Health, Alexandras Avenue 196, 11521 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Manolis
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kogevinas
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cell Genetics, Faculty of Science and Bio-engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, Vassileos Constantinou Avenue 48, 11635 Athens, Greece, Division of Medical Science, School of Life Science, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, UK, Department of Histology and Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, PO Box 2208, 71003 Heraklion, Greece, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain, Grup de Mutagenesi, Departament de Genetica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Placa Civica, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Ellaterra, Spain, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain, Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404 Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, Norway, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Norregade 10, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark, Laboratory of Antropogenetics, Faculty of Science and Bio-engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium, Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Clinical Trials, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-National Cancer Research Institute, R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy, Department of Toxicogenomics, University of Maastricht, Minderbroedersberg 4-6, 6211 LK Maastricht, the Netherlands, Municipal Institute of Medical Research, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Casanova 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain and National School of Public Health, Alexandras Avenue 196, 11521 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Micheline
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kirsch-Volders
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D015331:Cohort Studies; D048749:Cytokinesis / Q000187:drug effects; D004032:Diet; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D048629:Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective; D008875:Middle Aged; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity; D011247:Pregnancy; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D009153:Mutagens