title: Anti-viral tetris: modulation of the innate anti-viral immune response by A20.
abstract: The A20 protein has emerged as an important negative regulator of Toll like receptor (TLR) and retinoic acid-inducible gene 1 (RIG-I)-mediated anti-viral signaling. A20 functions both as a RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase and as a de-ubiquitinating enzyme. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) and interferon regulatory factor (IRF) pathways are targeted by A20 through mechanisms that appear to be both overlapping and distinct, resulting in the downregulation of interferon alpha/beta (IFNalpha/beta) production. This review specifically details the impact of A20 on the cytosolic RIG-I/MDA5 pathway, a process that is less understood than that of NF-kappaB but is essential for the regulation of the innate immune response to viral infection.
authors.forename: Meztli
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arguello
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Paz
authors.forename: Christiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ferran
authors.forename: Herwig P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Moll
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hiscott
mesh_terms: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000502:physiology*; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000378:metabolism; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D000072598:Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha-Induced Protein 3; D054875:Ubiquitination; D014780:Viruses / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D016899:Interferon-beta; C076529:TNFAIP3 protein, human; D000072598:Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha-Induced Protein 3