title: Successful introduction of laparoendoscopic single-site donor nephrectomy after experience with laparoscopic single-site plus-one trocar donor nephrectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of the laparoendoscopic single-site (LESS) donor nephrectomy (LESSDN) procedure after experience with the LESS-plus-one-trocar donor nephrectomy (LEPODN) procedure.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 2009 to 2014, 126 left laparoscopic donor nephrectomies (LDNs) were performed, including 59 Standard (Std)-LDN, 30 LEPODN, and 37 LESSDN. In the LEPODN procedure, a 5-mm trocar was added as a right-hand working trocar to the LESSDN procedure. A GelPOINT(®) platform was applied on a pararectal single incision in both LEPODN and LESSDN procedures. After performing the LEPODN procedure several times, each surgeon performed the LESSDN procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Std-LDN, LEPODN, and LESSDN procedures were performed by 10, 10, and 7 surgeons, respectively. The mean operative time, estimated blood loss, warm ischemia time, time to ambulation, and length of postoperative hospital stay were the shortest for the LESSDN procedure (P<0.012, P=0.007, P<0.001, P=0.027, and P=0.001, respectively). No significant difference in the complication rate, delayed graft function rate, and mean 7-day post-transplant serum creatinine levels was observed among the three procedures. Individual results of the operative time and estimated blood loss for the LESSDN procedure were not significantly inferior to those of Std-LDN and LEPODN procedures for each surgeon.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The LESSDN procedure can be introduced safely and effectively without compromising the operative time, complication rate, and graft function after experience with the LEPODN procedure among multiple surgeons. The LEPODN procedure may be an effective bridge from standard multiport LDN to LESSDN.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine , Akita, Japan .
authors.forename: Takamitsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Norihiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tsuchiya
authors.forename: Shintaro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Narita
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsuruta
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akihama
authors.forename: Mitsuru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: Tomonori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Habuchi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000601:surgery*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods; D007902:Length of Stay; D019520:Living Donors; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D061646:Operative Time; D013525:Surgical Instruments; D020858:Tissue and Organ Harvesting / Q000379:methods*; D052096:Warm Ischemia