title: Association of adipokines, leptin/adiponectin ratio and C-reactive protein with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Alterations in plasma adipokines and/or inflammatory parameters in Type 2 DM remain vague as to whether they are due to obesity and/or directly associated with the diabetic state. Our objective was to compare plasma adiponectin, leptin, leptin/adiponectin ratio (LAR) and hs-CRP in obese non-diabetic subjects and non-obese Type 2 DM patients, as well as determining the association of these adipokines with MetS and diabetes-related quantitative traits.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, 92 Yemeni male volunteers aged 25-60 years old were enrolled, 31 of whom were healthy subjects with BMI < 25 kg/m(2) served as control; 30 non-diabetic obese subjects BMI ≥ 30 kg/m(2) and FBG < 6.1 mmol/l; and 31 non-obese Type 2 DM with FBG > 7 mmol/l and BMI < 25 kg/m(2).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adiponectin was lower in obese subjects, with no differences between non-obese Type 2 DM patients and controls. In contrast, leptin, LAR and hs-CRP were higher in both obese subjects and non-obese Type 2 DM patients. Linear regression analysis showed adiponectin to be associated negatively with BMI, waist circumference, insulin, HOMA-β and HOMA-IR; whereas leptin, LAR and hs-CRP were associated positively with BMI, waist circumference, TG, FBG, insulin, HOMA-β and HOMA-IR. Moreover, adiponectin negatively correlated with leptin, LAR and hs-CRP; whereas leptin and LAR positively correlated with hs-CRP and with each other.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Plasma adiponectin is not affected by diabetes per se, suggesting that its alterations in Type 2 DM may be due to obesity and may be an important link between adiposity, IR and Type 2 DM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sana'a, PO Box 19065, Sana'a, Republic of Yemen.
authors.forename: Zaid
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Al-Hamodi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sana'a, PO Box 19065, Sana'a, Republic of Yemen.
authors.forename: Molham
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Al-Habori
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sana'a, PO Box 19065, Sana'a, Republic of Yemen.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al-Meeri
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sana'a, PO Box 19065, Sana'a, Republic of Yemen.
authors.forename: Riyadh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Saif-Ali
keywords: Adiponectin; Leptin; Leptin/Adiponectin ratio; Obesity; Type 2 DM; hs-CRP