title: AID TB resistance line probe assay for rapid detection of resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in clinical samples.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the sensitivity and specificity of AID TB Resistance line probe assay (AID Diagnostika, Germany) to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its resistance to first- and second-line drugs in clinical samples using BACTEC 460TB as the reference standard.
  
  
  METHODS
  The test consists on three strips to detect resistance to isoniazid/rifampicin, fluoroquinolones/ethambutol, and kanamycin/amikacin/capreomycin/streptomycin, respectively. This test was performed on 65 retrospectively selected clinical samples corresponding to 32 patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A valid result was obtained for 92.3% (60/65), 90.8% (59/65) and 78.5% (51/65) of the samples tested, considering the three strips, respectively. Global concordance rates between AID and BACTEC for detecting resistance to isoniazid, rifampicin, fluoroquinolones, ethambutol, kanamycin/capreomycin and streptomycin were 98.3% (59/60), 100% (60/60), 91.5% (54/59), 72.9% (43/59), 100% (51/51) and 98.0% (50/51), respectively. Regarding the discordant results obtained between AID and BACTEC, the alternative molecular methods performed (GenoType MTBDRplus, GenoType MTBDRsl [Hain Lifescience, Germany] and/or pyrosequencing) confirmed the genotypic result in 90.9% (20/22) of the cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  AID line probe assay is a useful tool for the rapid detection of drug resistance in clinical samples enabling an initial therapeutic approach. Nevertheless, for a correct management of drug resistant tuberculosis patients, molecular results should be confirmed by a phenotypic method.
authors.affiliation: Servei de Microbiologia Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Institut d'Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Carretera del Canyet s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain; CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Molina-Moya
authors.affiliation: Servei de Microbiologia Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Institut d'Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Carretera del Canyet s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain; CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lacoma
authors.affiliation: Servei de Microbiologia Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Institut d'Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Carretera del Canyet s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain; CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Prat
authors.affiliation: Servei de Microbiologia Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Institut d'Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Carretera del Canyet s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Diaz
authors.affiliation: Department of Tuberculosis, Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Vinnitsa National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnitsa, Ukraine.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dudnyk
authors.affiliation: Servei de Microbiologia Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Institut d'Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Carretera del Canyet s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Haba
authors.affiliation: Serveis Clínics, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Maldonado
authors.affiliation: CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud, Zaragoza, Spain; Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Samper
authors.affiliation: Servei de Pneumologia, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Institut d'Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain; CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Manzano
authors.affiliation: Servei de Microbiologia Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Institut d'Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Carretera del Canyet s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain; CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ausina
authors.affiliation: Servei de Microbiologia Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Institut d'Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Carretera del Canyet s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain; CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain. Electronic address: jadomb@gmail.com.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dominguez
mesh_terms: D018893:Bronchoalveolar Lavage; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012015:Reference Standards; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013183:Sputum / Q000382:microbiology*; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000175:diagnosis*
keywords: Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis; Molecular diagnostic testing; Multi-drug resistance; Tuberculosis