title: Effects of early morning care, named "Comfort upon Rising" care, on postoperative orthopedic ambulation and morning activity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effects of "Comfort upon Rising" care (CUR) as a new type of early morning care.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a quasi-experimental study using a convenience sampling and non-random assignment of 80 orthopedic postoperative inpatients needing ambulation assistance. The intervention group of 40 inpatients was given CUR designed to support the patients' needs. The control group of 40 inpatients was given conventional early morning care (CMC). Floor nurses conducted either CMC or CUR for subjects beginning the morning after surgery and continuing for 3 days. Mood was measured by the Wake-up Questionnaire (question I) and Profile of Mood States (POMS). Morning activities, which were daily living activities, breakfast behaviors including breakfast intake rate, were measured by Wake-up Questionnaire (question IV) and observation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Completing the study were 36 patients from the control group and 36 patients from the intervention group. Mood and activities in the morning were improved in the CUR group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CUR is a patient-centered care based on patients' individual needs and promotes self-care. CUR is more effective than CMC in promoting natural recovery after an operation.
authors.affiliation: St Luke's College of Nursing, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kumiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohashi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures; D011182:Postoperative Care; D016138:Walking
keywords: activity; early morning care; patient-centered care; postoperative; recovery