title: Nitric Oxide and Hydrogen Peroxide Production are Involved in Systemic Drought Tolerance Induced by 2R,3R-Butanediol in Arabidopsis thaliana.
abstract: 2R,3R-Butanediol, a volatile compound produced by certain rhizobacteria, is involved in induced drought tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana through mechanisms involving stomatal closure. In this study, we examined the involvement of nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide in induced drought tolerance, because these are signaling agents in drought stress responses mediated by abscisic acid (ABA). Fluorescence-based assays showed that systemic nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide production was induced by 2R,3R-butanediol and correlated with expression of genes encoding nitrate reductase and nitric oxide synthase. Co-treatment of 2R,3R-butanediol with an inhibitor of nitrate reductase or an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase lowered nitric oxide production and lessened induced drought tolerance. Increases in hydrogen peroxide were negated by co-treatment of 2R,3R-butanediol with inhibitors of NADPH oxidase, or peroxidase. These findings support the volatile 2R,3R-butanediol synthesized by certain rhizobacteria is an active player in induction of drought tolerance through mechanisms involving nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide production.
authors.affiliation: Department of Floriculture, Chunnam Techno University, Jeonnam 516-911, Korea.
authors.forename: Song-Mi
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Floriculture, Chunnam Techno University, Jeonnam 516-911, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Hwan
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-5305, USA.
authors.forename: Anne J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental-Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.
authors.forename: Young Cheol
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Kim
keywords: abscisic acid; induced drought tolerance; nitric oxide; reactive oxygen; volatiles