title: Risk factors associated with HIV infection among male homosexuals and bisexuals followed in an open cohort study: Project Horizonte, Brazil (1994-2010).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There has recently been an increase in HIV infection rates among men who have sex with men (MSM). This study aimed at investigating risk factors associated with incident HIV infection in a MSM cohort-Project Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a nested case-control study in an ongoing open cohort of homosexual and bisexual men, carried out in 1994-2010, during which 1,085 volunteers were enrolled. Each HIV seroconverted volunteer (case) was compared with three randomly selected HIV negative controls, matched by admission date and age (±3 years). During follow-up, 93 volunteers seroconverted and were compared with 279 controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The risk factors associated with HIV seroconversion were: contact with partner's blood during sexual relations (OR 3.7; 95% CI 1.2-11.6), attendance at gay saunas in search for sexual partners (OR 2.6; 95% CI 1.3-5.4), occasional intake of alcohol when flirting and engaging in sexual activity (OR 2.5; 95% CI 1.3-5.1), inconsistent use of condoms in receptive anal sex (OR 2.4; 95% CI 1.1-5.4), little interest to look up information about AIDS (OR 2.6; 95% CI 1.0-6.7) particularly in newspapers (OR 3.4; 95% CI 1.4-8.1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows that MSM are still engaging in risk behavior, such as unprotected anal intercourse, despite taking part in a cohort study on various preventive measures. New preventive strategies in touch with the epidemic's development and the specificities of this particular population are needed.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Project Horizonte, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Paula
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Project Horizonte, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marília
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Greco
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Alimentos, Escola de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Arlene
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Fausto
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Dirceu B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Greco
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Project Horizonte, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mariângela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carneiro
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D001727:Bisexuality; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000453:epidemiology; D018451:Homosexuality, Male; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D047568:Unsafe Sex