title: Cholesterol assimilation by Lactobacillus probiotic bacteria: an in vitro investigation.
abstract: Excess cholesterol is associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD), an important cause of mortality worldwide. Current CVD therapeutic measures, lifestyle and dietary interventions, and pharmaceutical agents for regulating cholesterol levels are inadequate. Probiotic bacteria have demonstrated potential to lower cholesterol levels by different mechanisms, including bile salt hydrolase activity, production of compounds that inhibit enzymes such as 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A, and cholesterol assimilation. This work investigates 11 Lactobacillus strains for cholesterol assimilation. Probiotic strains for investigation were selected from the literature: Lactobacillus reuteri NCIMB 11951, L. reuteri NCIMB 701359, L. reuteri NCIMB 702655, L. reuteri NCIMB 701089, L. reuteri NCIMB 702656, Lactobacillus fermentum NCIMB 5221, L. fermentum NCIMB 8829, L. fermentum NCIMB 2797, Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 53103 GG, Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 314, and Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 14917. Cholesterol assimilation was investigated in culture media and under simulated intestinal conditions. The best cholesterol assimilator was L. plantarum ATCC 14917 (15.18±0.55 mg/10(10) cfu) in MRS broth. L. reuteri NCIMB 701089 assimilated over 67% (2254.70±63.33 mg/10(10) cfu) of cholesterol, the most of all the strains, under intestinal conditions. This work demonstrates that probiotic bacteria can assimilate cholesterol under intestinal conditions, with L. reuteri NCIMB 701089 showing great potential as a CVD therapeutic.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Physiology, and Artificial Cells and Organs Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 2B4.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5811-3268
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tomaro-Duchesneau
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Physiology, and Artificial Cells and Organs Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 2B4 ; Micropharma Limited, 4200 Saint Laurent Boulevard, Unit 409, Montreal, QC, Canada H2W 2R2.
authors.forename: Mitchell L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Physiology, and Artificial Cells and Organs Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 2B4.
authors.forename: Divya
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Physiology, and Artificial Cells and Organs Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 2B4.
authors.forename: Poonam
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Physiology, and Artificial Cells and Organs Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 2B4 ; Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 0C7.
authors.forename: Shyamali
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saha
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Physiology, and Artificial Cells and Organs Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 2B4.
authors.forename: Satya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Prakash
mesh_terms: D000214:Acyl Coenzyme A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000581:Amidohydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism*; D003470:Culture Media; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D048191:Lactiplantibacillus plantarum / Q000378:metabolism*; D019936:Probiotics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000214:Acyl Coenzyme A; D003470:Culture Media; C008047:3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A; D002784:Cholesterol; D000581:Amidohydrolases; C023154:choloylglycine hydrolase