title: Bilateral Posterior Scleritis Presenting as the First Manifestation of Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy: Case Report and Review of the Literature.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We describe a case of posterior scleritis presenting as the first manifestation in a Chinese patient with immunoglobin A nephropathy (IgAN).
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective review of our patient and review of the published case reports from PubMed search.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A 43-year-old woman developed bilateral posterior scleritis. Microscopic hematuria and proteinuria was found by urinalysis, and a kidney biopsy revealed IgAN. The posterior scleritis was resolved with oral prednisolone. For the review, 12 cases of episcleritis (70.6%), 4 cases of scleritis (23.5%), and 1 case of posterior scleritis (5.9%) associated with IgAN were analyzed. Five patients (29.4%) had scleritis or episcleritis as the first presenting manifestation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Posterior scleritis may be the first manifestation of IgAN in a patient. For any adult patient with scleral/episcleral inflammation, urinalysis should be done to rule out IgAN.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Ophthalmology , Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: a Department of Ophthalmology , Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China.
authors.forename: Qiong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People / Q000208:ethnology; D001706:Biopsy; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005922:Glomerulonephritis, IGA / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000208:ethnology; D006417:Hematuria / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000175:diagnosis; D012163:Retinal Detachment / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015423:Scleritis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000208:ethnology; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence
keywords: Episcleritis; immunoglobin A nephropathy (IgAN); posterior scleritis; scleritis; steroids