title: C-type natriuretic peptide ameliorates ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting apoptosis and oxidative stress in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although atrial natriuretic peptide has been shown to attenuate ischemia-reperfusion (IR)-induced kidney injury, the effect of natriuretic peptide receptor (NPR)-B activation on IR-induced acute kidney injury is not well documented. The purpose of the present study was to identify the effect of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), a selective activator of NPR-B, on the IR-induced acute kidney injury and its mechanisms involved.
  
  
  METHODS
  Unilaterally nephrectomized rats were insulted by IR in their remnant kidney, and they were randomly divided into three groups: sham, vehicle+IR, and CNP+IR groups. CNP (0.2μg/kg/min) was administered intravenously at the start of a 45-min renal ischemia for 2h. Rats were then killed 24h after I/R, and the blood and tissue samples were collected to assess renal function, histology, TUNEL assay, and Western blot analysis of kidney Bax and Bcl-2 expressions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The levels of blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine were significantly increased in rats after IR compared with vehicle-treated rats. IR elevated apoptosis, Bcl-2/Bax ratio, TUNEL positivity, oxidative stress parameters, malondialdehyde concentration, and superoxide dismutase activity. IR also induced epithelial desquamation of the proximal tubules and glomerular shrinkage. CNP significantly attenuated the IR-induced increase in BUN and serum creatinine. Furthermore, CNP restored the suppressed renal cyclic guanosine 3' 5'-monophosphate levels caused by IR insult.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Study findings suggest that CNP could ameliorate IR-induced acute kidney injury through inhibition of apoptotic and oxidative stress pathways, possibly through NPR-B-cGMP signaling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji (133000), Jilin Province, China.
authors.forename: Xiunan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Medical College of Yanbian University, Yanji (133000), Jilin Province, China.
authors.forename: Youchen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Medical College of Yanbian University, Yanji (133000), Jilin Province, China.
authors.forename: Xiangdan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Medical College of Yanbian University, Yanji (133000), Jilin Province, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Medical College of Yanbian University, Yanji (133000), Jilin Province, China. Electronic address: dyxu@ybu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Dongyuan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D015153:Blotting, Western; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000378:metabolism; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D020098:Natriuretic Peptide, C-Type / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017461:Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000235:genetics; D000099242:Atrial Natriuretic Factor Receptor B
chemical_list: D003404:Creatinine; D006152:Cyclic GMP; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D020098:Natriuretic Peptide, C-Type; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D017461:Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D000099242:Atrial Natriuretic Factor Receptor B
keywords: Acute kidney injury; Apoptotic change; C-type natriuretic peptide (PubChem CID: 16179407); CNP; Oxidative stress; cGMP