title: Isolation and characterization of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells in nasal polyps.
abstract: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent progenitor cells in adult tissues. This study aimed to investigate nasal polyp (NP) tissues as a potential new source of multipotent MSCs that maintain their stemness and differentiation potential following multiple rounds of passaging. NP tissues were obtained from 10 patients during endoscopic sinus surgery. After isolating and culturing NP-derived MSCs (npMSCs), the expression levels of the surface markers CD34, CD44, CD45, CD73, CD90, CD105, CD106, CD146 and human leukocyte antigens-class II DR antigen (HLA-DR) were estimated by flow cytometry. NpMSCs were cultured in chondrogenic, osteogenic, adipogenic, or neurogenic differentiation medium. The differentiation potential of npMSCs was analyzed by Alcian blue, alizarin red S, oil red O, and immunocytochemical staining and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The clonogenic potential of npMSCs was measured using a colony-forming unit assay. Cell proliferation of npMSCs was measured using the 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) assay. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that npMSCs were negative for hematopoietic lineage markers (CD34, CD45, and HLA-DR) and positive for MSC markers (CD44, CD73, CD90, and CD105). The npMSCs differentiated into osteogenic, adipogenic, chondrogenic, and neurogenic lineages, respectively. Chondrogenically differentiated npMSCs were stained with Alcian blue, osteogenically differentiated npMSCs were stained with alizarin red S, and adipogenically differentiated npMSCs were stained with oil red O. Real-time polymerase chain reaction results showed that the differentiated npMSCs expressed the respective differentiation markers (Sox 9 and Col2A for chondrogenesis, Runx2 and osteocalcin for osteogenesis, fatty acid-binding protein 4 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ for adipogenesis, TuJ1, neurofilament light chain, and neurofilament heavy chain for neurogenesis). There were no significant differences in the clonogenic potential and proliferation rate between early and late passage npMSCs. These results show that npMSCs possess the characteristics of MSCs in terms of morphology, multipotent differentiation capacity, cell surface marker expression, and clonogenicity. Thus, npMSCs may represent an alternative source of MSCs.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 152-703, Korea College of Medicine, Institute for Medical Devices Clinical Trial Center, Guro Hospital, Korea University, Seoul 152-703, Korea.
authors.forename: Jung-Sun
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 152-703, Korea.
authors.forename: Joo-Hoo
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 152-703, Korea.
authors.forename: Ju-Hyung
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rare Diseases Institute, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 152-703, Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Eun
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, Institute for Medical Devices Clinical Trial Center, Guro Hospital, Korea University, Seoul 152-703, Korea Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, College of Medicine, Seoul 152-703, Korea.
authors.forename: Il-Ho
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 152-703, Korea College of Medicine, Institute for Medical Devices Clinical Trial Center, Guro Hospital, Korea University, Seoul 152-703, Korea Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, College of Medicine, Seoul 152-703, Korea lhman@korea.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Heung-Man
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002469:Cell Separation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D009298:Nasal Polyps; D055495:Neurogenesis
chemical_list: D000943:Antigens, Differentiation
keywords: Nasal polyp; adipogenesis; chondrogenesis; mesenchymal stem cell; neurogenesis; osteogenesis