title: Role of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathways in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) replication.
abstract: Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) is a positive sense, single-stranded RNA genome virus that has become a major infection in swine, exerting huge economic losses to the industry worldwide. Detailed knowledge concerning the molecular mechanisms by which the virus manipulates the host cell signals transduction machinery is not only critical to further our understanding of viral replication and pathogenesis, but also guides our efforts to design new and improved therapeutic strategies. The phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)-dependent Akt and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) are major host cell signalling pathways that regulate protein synthesis, cell growth, proliferation, migration and survival. It is also established that many viruses exploit these signalling cascades for their own benefit, driving viral protein expression, replication, as well as the suppression of the host's antiviral activities. In this article, we will review the role of these signalling pathways during PRRSV replication, and discuss some of our recent findings implicating mTOR.
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, International Vaccine Center (VIDO-InterVac), University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E3 Canada.
authors.forename: Sujit
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pujhari
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, 104 Clinic Place, Saskatoon SK, S7N 5E5, Canada.
authors.forename: Marko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kryworuchko
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, International Vaccine Center (VIDO-InterVac), University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E3 Canada. Electronic address: alex.zak@usask.ca.
authors.forename: Alexander N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Zakhartchouk
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D058539:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase / Q000378:metabolism*; D019316:Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013552:Swine; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D058539:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
keywords: Akt; Autophagy; PRRSV; mTOR