title: Strophanthus hispidus attenuates the Ischemia-Reperfusion induced myocardial Infarction and reduces mean arterial pressure in renal artery occlusion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The myocardium is generally injured in the case of reperfusion injury and arterial damage is caused by hypertension. In reference to these statements, the present study was focused. Cardiac glycosides were said to have protective effects against myocardial infarction and hypertension. Strophanthus hispidus was thus incorporated in the study.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The prime objective of the study was to investigate the protective effects of Strophanthus hispidus against ischemia-reperfusion myocardial Infarction and renal artery occluded hypertension in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  The animal model adopted was surgically-induced myocardial ischemia, performed by means of left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion (LAD) for 30 min followed by reperfusion for another 4 h. Infarct size was assessed by using the staining agent TTC (2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride). Hypertension was induced by clamping the renal artery with renal bulldog clamp for 4 h.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study was fruitful by the effect of Strophanthus hispidus on infarction size, which got reduced to 27.2 ± 0.5and 20.0 ± 0.2 by 500 mg/Kg and 1000 mg/Kg ethanolic extracts which was remarkably significant when compared with that of the control group 52.8 ± 4.6. The plant extract did reduce heart rate at various time intervals. There was also a protective effect in the case of mean arterial blood pressure were the 500 mg/Kg and 1000 mg/Kg of the plant extract did reduce the hypertension after 60 minutes was 60.0 ± 4.80 and 50.50 ± 6.80.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that 500 mg/Kg and 100 mg/Kg ethanolic extract of Strophanthus hispidus was found to possess significant cardiac protective and anti-hypertensive activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia ; Department of Pharmacology, Malla Reddy Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maisammaguda, Dhullapally (Post via Hakinpet), Secunderabad, AP, India.
authors.forename: Rohit
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gundamaraju
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Ravi Chandra
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Vemuri
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology, Azad Hind Fauz Marg, Sector-3, Dwarka, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Rajeev K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Singla
authors.affiliation: Department of Trauma and Emergency, University Malaya Medical Center, 59100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Rishya
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Manikam
authors.affiliation: Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
authors.forename: A Ranga
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty if Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Shamala Devi
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Sekaran
keywords: Cardio toxicity; hypertension; renin-angiotensin system