title: Single-center large-cohort study into quality of life in Dutch intensive care unit subgroups, 1 year after admission, using EuroQoL EQ-6D-3L.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The goal of this study was to describe long-term survival and health-related quality of life (HRQoL), measured by EQ-6D, in a general intensive care unit (ICU) population.
  
  
  METHODS
  We included 5934 consecutive adult patients admitted to a mixed-population ICU. There were no exclusion criteria. One-year survival status was determined using the Dutch municipal population register. Subsequently, all survivors received the EuroQoL EQ-6D-3L questionnaire. The primary outcome was overall HRQoL and survival of the ICU survivors, compared to overall QoL of an age- and sex-matched reference population.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 5138 patients (86.6%) survived until hospital discharge, with 4647 (78.3%) patients surviving the 1-year of follow-up. The EuroQoL questionnaire was sent to 4465 survivors and returned by 3034 (68.0%) of 4465. The median HRQoL in surviving patients was 0.83 (interquartile range [IQR], 0.64-1.00) vs 0.86 (IQR, 0.85-0.86) in the reference population (P < .001). There was marked variation across admission diagnosis groups: cardiac surgery patients had an HRQoL of 0.94 (IQR, 0.74-1.00), whereas patients admitted with chronic renal failure had an HRQoL of 0.65 (IQR, 0.47-0.83).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  One year after ICU admission, HRQoL was significantly lower than in the reference population. Notably, marked variations were found across subgroups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands. Electronic address: I.W.Soliman@umcutrecht.nl.
authors.forename: Ivo W
authors.initials: IW
authors.lastname: Soliman
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Dylan W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: de Lange
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Linda M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Peelen
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Olaf L
authors.initials: OL
authors.lastname: Cremer
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Arjen J C
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Slooter
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Wietze
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Pasma
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jozef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kesecioglu
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Diederik
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: van Dijk
mesh_terms: D018806:APACHE; D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003422:Critical Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016638:Critical Illness / Q000401:mortality*; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys / Q000379:methods; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D010351:Patient Discharge; D011788:Quality of Life; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016019:Survival Analysis; D017741:Survivors; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Critical care; EuroQoL; Health-related quality of life; Intensive care; Long term; Quality of life