title: Cognitive behavioral therapy: a meta-analysis of race and substance use outcomes.
abstract: Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an effective intervention for reducing substance use. However, because CBT trials have included predominantly White samples caution must be used when generalizing these effects to Blacks and Hispanics. This meta-analysis compared the impact of CBT in reducing substance use between studies with a predominantly non-Hispanic White sample (hereafter NHW studies) and studies with a predominantly Black and/or Hispanic sample (hereafter BH studies). From 322 manuscripts identified in the literature, 16 met criteria for inclusion. Effect sizes between CBT and comparison group at posttest had similar effects on substance abuse across NHW and BH studies. However, when comparing pre-posttest effect sizes from groups receiving CBT between NHW and BH studies, CBT's impact was significantly stronger in NHW studies. T-test comparisons indicated reduced retention/engagement in BH studies, albeit failing to reach statistical significance. Results highlight the need for further research testing CBT's impact on substance use among Blacks and Hispanics.
authors.affiliation: School of Social Work, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey.
authors.forename: Liliane C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Windsor
authors.affiliation: School of Social Work, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey.
authors.forename: Alexis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jemal
authors.affiliation: School of Social Work, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey.
authors.forename: Edward J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Alessi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D054521:Cultural Competency / Q000523:psychology; D065246:Culturally Competent Care / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D044465:White People