title: Development and validation of questionnaires exploring health care professionals' intention to use wiki-based reminders to promote best practices in trauma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Little is known about factors influencing professionals' use of wikis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We developed and validated two questionnaires to assess health care professionals' intention to use wiki-based reminders for the management of trauma patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We developed questionnaires for emergency physicians (EPs) and allied health professions (AHPs) based on the Theory of Planned Behavior and adapted them to the salient beliefs of each, identified in an earlier study. Items measured demographics and direct and indirect theoretical constructs. We piloted the questionnaires with 2 focus groups (5 EPs and 5 AHPs) to identify problems of wording and length. Based on feedback, we adjusted the wording and combined certain items. A new convenience sample of 25 EPs and 26 AHPs then performed a test-retest of the questionnaires at a 2-week interval. We assessed internal consistency using Cronbach alpha coefficients and temporal stability of items with an agreement intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five EPs and 5 AHPs (3 nurses, 1 respiratory therapist, and 1 pharmacist) formed 2 focus groups; 25 EPs and 26 AHPs (12 nurses, 7 respiratory therapists, and 7 pharmacists) completed the test and retest. The EP questionnaire test-retest scores for consistency (Cronbach alpha) and stability (ICC) were intention (test: Cronbach alpha=.94; retest: Cronbach alpha=.98; ICC=.89), attitude (.74, .72, .70), subjective norm (.79, .78, .75), perceived behavioral control (.67, .65, .66), attitudinal beliefs (.94, .86, .60), normative beliefs (.83, .87, .79), and control beliefs barriers (.58, .67, .78) and facilitators (.97, .85, .30). The AHP questionnaire scores for consistency and stability were: intention (test Cronbach alpha=.69, retest Cronbach alpha=.81, ICC=.48), attitude (.85, .87, .83), subjective norm (.47, .82, .62), perceived behavioral control (.55, .62, .60), attitudinal beliefs (.92, .91, .82), normative beliefs (.85, .90, .74), and control beliefs barriers (.58, .55, .66) and facilitators (.72, .94, -.05). To improve the psychometric properties of both questionnaires, we reformulated poorly consistent or unstable items.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our new theory-based questionnaires to measure health care professionals' intention to use wiki-based reminders have adequate validity and reliability for use in large surveys. In the long run, they can be used to develop a theory-based implementation intervention for a wiki promoting best practices in trauma care.
authors.affiliation: Département de médecine familiale et médecine d'urgence, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada. patrick.m.archambault@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Patrick Michel
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5090-6439
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Archambault
authors.forename: Susie
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7297-1189
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gagnon
authors.forename: Marie-Pierre
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0782-5457
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Gagnon
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4528-1315
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Turcotte
authors.forename: Jean
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4204-4621
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lapointe
authors.forename: Richard
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1940-2635
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fleet
authors.forename: Mario
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9425-396X
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Côté
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9087-9888
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Beaupré
authors.forename: Natalie
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4762-8156
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Le Sage
authors.forename: Marcel
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7158-8110
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Emond
authors.forename: France
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2296-6696
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Légaré
keywords: Theory of Planned Behavior; collaborative writing applications; decision support tools; health informatics; interprofessional collaboration; knowledge translation; trauma care; traumatic brain injury; wiki