title: Potential serum biomarkers for glioblastoma diagnostic assessed by proteomic approaches.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The rapid progress of proteomics over the past years has allowed the discovery of a large number of potential biomarker candidates to improve early tumor diagnosis and therapeutic response, thus being further integrated into clinical environment. High grade gliomas represent one of the most aggressive and treatment-resistant types of human brain cancer, with approximately 9-12 months median survival rate for patients with grade IV glioma (glioblastoma). Using state-of-the-art proteomics technologies, we have investigated the proteome profile for glioblastoma patients in order to identify a novel protein biomarker panel that could discriminate glioblastoma patients from controls and increase diagnostic accuracy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study, SELDI-ToF MS technology was used to screen potential protein patterns in glioblastoma patients serum; furthermore, LC-MS/MS technology was applied to identify the candidate biomarkers peaks. Through these proteomic approaches, three proteins S100A8, S100A9 and CXCL4 were selected as putative biomarkers and confirmed by ELISA. Next step was to validate the above mentioned molecules as biomarkers through identification of protein expression by Western blot in tumoral versus peritumoral tissue.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Proteomic technologies have been used to investigate the protein profile of glioblastoma patients and established several potential diagnostic biomarkers. While it is unlikely for a single biomarker to be highly effective for glioblastoma diagnostic, our data proposed an alternative and efficient approach by using a novel combination of multiple biomarkers.
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry-Proteomics Department, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, no 99-101 Splaiul Independentei, 050096 Sector 5, Bucharest, Romania ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, no. 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Sector 5, Bucharest, Romania.
authors.forename: Ionela Daniela
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Popescu
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry-Proteomics Department, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, no 99-101 Splaiul Independentei, 050096 Sector 5, Bucharest, Romania.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Codrici
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry-Proteomics Department, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, no 99-101 Splaiul Independentei, 050096 Sector 5, Bucharest, Romania ; Current address: Virology Division, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Lucian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Albulescu
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry-Proteomics Department, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, no 99-101 Splaiul Independentei, 050096 Sector 5, Bucharest, Romania.
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mihai
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry-Proteomics Department, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, no 99-101 Splaiul Independentei, 050096 Sector 5, Bucharest, Romania ; Cellular and Molecular Medicine Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, no 8 B-dul Eroilor Sanitari, 050474 Sector 5, Bucharest, Romania.
authors.forename: Ana-Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Enciu
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry-Proteomics Department, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, no 99-101 Splaiul Independentei, 050096 Sector 5, Bucharest, Romania ; National Institute for Chemical Pharmaceutical R&D, 112 Calea Vitan, 031299 Sector 3, Bucharest, Romania.
authors.forename: Radu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Albulescu
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry-Proteomics Department, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, no 99-101 Splaiul Independentei, 050096 Sector 5, Bucharest, Romania.
authors.forename: Cristiana Pistol
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Tanase
keywords: Biomarkers; CXCL4; Glioblastoma; LC-MS/MS; S100A8; S100A9; SELDI-ToF MS