title: Intake of freshwater fish and associated fatty acids and risk of breast cancer.
abstract: To investigate the association between intake of freshwater fish and their fatty acids and the risk of breast cancer in Chinese women, we conducted a case-control study with 669 cases and 682 population-based controls in Jiangsu Province of China. A structured questionnaire was used to elicit detailed information. Unconditional logistic regression analysis was performed to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Total freshwater fish intake was linked to decrease in the adjusted OR for breast cancer, but without dose-dependence. Analyses by freshwater fish species showed that consumption of black carp and silver carp was inversely related to breast cancer risk, with adjusted-ORs for the highest intake category of black carp (≥500g/month) of 0.54 (95%CI=0.33-0.92; P trend<0.002) and for silver carp (≥1000g/month) of 0.19 (95%CI=0.11-0.33; P trend<0.001). In contrast, consumption of crucian carp was positively related to breast cancer risk, with an adjusted OR for the highest intake category (≥1000g/month) of 6.09 (95%CI=3.04-12.2; P trend<0.001). Moderate intakes of SFA, PUFA, n3-PUFA and n6-PUFA from freshwater fish may decrease the risk of breast cancer among premenopausal women. The findings of this study suggest that intake of freshwater fish and their fatty acids may modify risk of breast cancer, and that different species of freshwater fish could have a different actions on breast cancer risk. Future epidemiologic studies are needed to know the effects of freshwater fish intake on breast cancer risk and the cause of these effects.
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology, Jiangsu Province Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China E-mail : gaocm888@126.com.
authors.forename: Chang-Ming
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Jian-Hua
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Su-Ping
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yan-Ting
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jin-Hai
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tajima
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004032:Diet; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005399:Fishes; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005618:Fresh Water; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D017747:Seafood; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids