title: HAX-1: a novel p-body protein.
abstract: HAX-1, a multifunctional protein involved in the regulation of apoptosis, cell migration, and calcium homeostasis, binds the 3' untranslated region motifs of specific transcripts. This suggests that HAX-1 plays a role in post-transcriptional regulation, at the level of mRNA stability/transport or translation. In this study, we analyze in detail HAX-1 colocalization with processing bodies (P-bodies) and its dependence on mRNA availability. Endogenous P-body markers DCP1 and Rck/p54 were shown to colocalize with endogenous HAX-1, but in case of the overexpressed proteins, only DCP1 displayed unperturbed colocalization with HAX-1. HAX-1 colocalization with DCP1 was observed in most of the cell lines studied, but its presence was not required for P-body formation, and its silencing caused an increase in P-body number. Preliminary mapping suggested that HAX-1 has more than one short P-body-targeting sequence. The pools of P-body-localized HAX-1 and cytosolic HAX-1 were demonstrated to dynamically exchange, suggesting steady flow of the protein. Active transcription was shown to be a factor in the localization of HAX-1 to P-bodies. Also, it was observed that HAX-1 localizes to some unidentified foci, which do not contain DCP1. In addition, it was demonstrated that HAX-1 status influences vimentin expression levels. Overall, HAX-1 was shown to colocalize with P-body markers and influence P-body number per cell in a manner dependent on mRNA availability. Presented data support the hypothesis that HAX-1 is involved in mRNA processing as an element of P-body interaction network.
authors.affiliation: 1 Cancer Center Institute , Warsaw, Poland .
authors.forename: Valery
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Zayat
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Balcerak
authors.forename: Jaroslaw
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Korczynski
authors.forename: Alicja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Trebinska
authors.forename: Juliusz
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wysocki
authors.forename: Elżbieta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sarnowska
authors.forename: Mateusz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chmielarczyk
authors.forename: Ewelina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Macech
authors.forename: Ryszard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Konopiński
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dziembowska
authors.forename: Ewa A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Grzybowska
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000502:physiology*; D010450:Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D021381:Protein Transport; D034622:RNA Interference; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014746:Vimentin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; C104759:HAX1 protein, human; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014746:Vimentin; D010450:Endopeptidases; C020071:dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase