title: Airway metabolic anomalies in adolescents with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: new insights from the metabolomic approach.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess a group of adolescents with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) from a biochemical-metabolic standpoint, applying the metabolomic approach to studying their exhaled breath condensate (EBC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty adolescents with BPD (mean age 14.8 years) and 15 healthy controls (mean age 15.2 years) were recruited for EBC collection, exhaled nitric oxide measurement, and spirometry. The EBC samples were analyzed using a metabolomic approach based on mass spectrometry. The obtained spectra were analyzed using multivariate statistical analysis tools.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A reliable Orthogonal Projections to Latent Structures-Discriminant Analysis model showed a clear discrimination between cases of BPD and healthy controls (R(2) = 0.95 and Q(2) = 0.92). The search for putative biomarkers identified an altered complex lipid profile in the adolescents with BPD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The metabolomic analysis of EBC distinguishes cases of BPD from healthy individuals, suggesting that the lung of survivors of BPD is characterized by long-term metabolic abnormalities. The search for putative biomarkers indicated a possible role of an altered surfactant composition, which may persist far beyond infancy.
authors.affiliation: Women's and Children's Health Department, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Carraro
authors.affiliation: Women's and Children's Health Department, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Giordano
authors.affiliation: Women's and Children's Health Department, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pirillo
authors.affiliation: Women's and Children's Health Department, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Michela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maretti
authors.affiliation: European Commission, Joint Research Center, Institute for Health and Consumer Protection (IHCP), System Toxicology Unit (ST), Ispra (VA), Italy.
authors.forename: Fabiano
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Reniero
authors.affiliation: Anesthesia and Cardiac Intensive Care, Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Paola E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Cogo
authors.affiliation: Women's and Children's Health Department, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Perilongo
authors.affiliation: S-IN Soluzioni Informatiche, Vicenza, Italy.
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stocchero
authors.affiliation: Women's and Children's Health Department, University of Padova, Padova, Italy. Electronic address: baraldi@pediatria.unipd.it.
authors.forename: Eugenio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Baraldi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001944:Breath Tests; D001997:Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D055432:Metabolomics; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D009569:Nitric Oxide