title: Study of quality and stability of ursodeoxycholic acid formulations for oral pediatric administration.
abstract: This paper describes a rational method of characterizing the biopharmaceutical stability of two oral suspensions of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) used in pediatrics. Because there is no commercial presentation of UDCA that can administer appropriate doses for infants and children, an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) formulation is required. Due to its very low solubility and low dose in the formula (1.5%), two different suspensions with minimal use of excipients were studied, avoiding the use of complex additives and those not recommended by the European Medicines Agency (EMA). Adherence to Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) allows the preparation of formulations with appropriately sized and stable particles, and suitable rheological behavior in withdrawing the dose after stirring. Dose uniformity, expressed as mass and content variability, was determined using the criteria of the European and the United States Pharmacopoeia. Additionally, dose content variation of every mass determined was studied. A rational method was developed for determining the dose uniformity of UDCA in suspensions, whether freshly prepared or after storage under different conditions for 30 and 60 days. This method permits detection of differences between doses taken at different heights in the vessel at various times and storage conditions. UDCA was stable under all conditions studied, requiring the presence of glycerol in the formulation to obtain the declared API value after stirring. Storage of UDCA suspensions in a refrigerator increased variability between doses.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain. Electronic address: ansanto@ull.es.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Santoveña
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Negrín
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Charola
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Llabrés
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Fariña
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D002648:Child; D004355:Drug Stability; D004356:Drug Storage; D005079:Excipients / Q000737:chemistry*; D005990:Glycerol / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D012034:Refrigeration; D013535:Suspensions; D013997:Time Factors; D014580:Ursodeoxycholic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D005079:Excipients; D013535:Suspensions; D014580:Ursodeoxycholic Acid; D005990:Glycerol
keywords: Dose uniformity; Pediatric administration; Stability; Standard Operating Procedure; Ursodeoxycholic acid oral suspension