title: Botulinum toxin: a novel treatment for pediatric cyclic esotropia.
abstract: Cyclic esotropia is a rare entity in which an esotropia presents in a regular 48-96 hour cycle, typically described as a 24-hour period of orthotropia followed by a 24-hour period of esotropia. The underlying mechanism of this phenomenon is unknown. Treatment usually involves surgical correction of the manifest strabismus. We report the case of a 3-year-old girl whose cyclic esotropia was broken following injection of botulinum toxin to both medial rectus muscles. She has remained constantly esophoric for 1 year.
authors.affiliation: Royal Free London NHS Trust.
authors.forename: Alistair
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: Royal Free London NHS Trust; University College London, London, UK. Electronic address: saurabh.jain@nhs.net.
authors.forename: Saurabh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jain
mesh_terms: D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004948:Esotropia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D010507:Periodicity
chemical_list: D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A