title: Alleviation effect of arbutin on oxidative stress generated through tyrosinase reaction with L-tyrosine and L-DOPA.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hydroxyl radical that has the highest reactivity among reactive oxygen species (ROS) is generated through L-tyrosine-tyrosinase reaction. Thus, the melanogenesis might induce oxidative stress in the skin. Arbutin (p-hydroxyphenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside), a well-known tyrosinase inhibitor has been widely used for the purpose of skin whitening. The aim of the present study was to examine if arbutin could suppress the hydroxyl radical generation via tyrosinase reaction with its substrates, L-tyrosine and L-DOPA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The hydroxyl radical, which was determined by an electron spin resonance-spin trapping technique, was generated by the addition of not only L-tyrosine but L-DOPA to tyrosinase in a concentration dependent manner. Arbutin could inhibit the hydroxyl radical generation in the both reactions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is presumed that arbutin could alleviate oxidative stress derived from the melanogenic pathway in the skin in addition to its function as a whitening agent in cosmetics.
authors.forename: Mika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tada
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kohno
authors.affiliation: Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan. niwano@m.tohoku.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yoshimi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Niwano
mesh_terms: D001104:Arbutin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D007980:Levodopa / Q000737:chemistry*; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase / Q000737:chemistry*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D014443:Tyrosine; D007980:Levodopa; D001104:Arbutin; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase