title: Role of biological sex in normal cardiac function and in its disease outcome - a review.
abstract: Biological sex plays an important role in normal cardiac physiology as well as in the heart's response to cardiac disease. Women generally have better cardiac function and survival than do men in the face of cardiac disease; however, this is progressively lost when comparing postmenopausal women with age matched men. Animal model of cardiac disease mirror what is seen in humans. Sex hormones contribute significantly to sex based difference in cardiac functioning and in its disease outcome. Estrogen is considered to be cardioprotective, whereas testosterone is detrimental to heart function.
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, SRM Medical College and Research Center , Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India .
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Prabhavathi
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Physiology, SRM Medical College and Research Center , Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India .
authors.forename: K Tamarai
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Selvi
authors.affiliation: Tutor, Department of Physiology, SRM Medical College and Research Center , Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India .
authors.forename: K N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Poornima
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Physiology, SRM Medical College and Research Center , Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India .
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sarvanan
keywords: Estrogen; Gender; Testosterone