title: Cyanide removal from industrial wastewater by cross-flow nanofiltration: transport modeling and economic evaluation.
abstract: A modeling and simulation study, along with an economic analysis, was carried out for the separation of cyanide from industrial wastewater using a flat sheet cross-flow nanofiltration membrane module. With the addition of a pre-microfiltration step, nanofiltration was carried out using real coke wastewater under different operating conditions. Under the optimum operating pressure of 13 bars and a pH of 10.0, a rate of more than 95% separation of cyanide was achieved. That model predictions agreed very well with the experimental findings, as is evident in the Willmott d-index value (> 0.95) and relative error (< 0.1). Studies were carried out with industrial wastewater instead of a synthetic solution, and an economic analysis was also done, considering the capacity of a running coking plant. The findings are likely to be very useful in the scale-up and design of industrial plants for the treatment of cyanide-bearing wastewater.
authors.forename: Parimal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pal
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bhakta
authors.forename: Ramesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kumar
mesh_terms: D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D003486:Cyanides / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005374:Filtration / Q000379:methods*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007220:Industrial Waste; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D036103:Nanotechnology; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003486:Cyanides; D007220:Industrial Waste; D062065:Wastewater