title: Direct application of gold nanoparticles to one-pot electrochemical biosensors.
abstract: Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been widely employed for the fabrication of electrochemical biosensors. In most cases, AuNPs are immobilized on the surface of an electrode, so they are difficult to be regenerated, making the use of the biosensor unfriendly. In this work, by adopting AuNPs directly as the electrolytes, we have developed a novel AuNPs-based electrochemical detection system. In brief, AuNPs-catalyzed oxidation of glucose is combined with a HRP-catalyzed reaction as well as an electrocatalytic reaction to compose cascade reactions in the electrolyte. Thus, the intensity of the electrocatalytic signals has quantitative relation with the concentration of glucose, and favors the sensitive detection of glucose. Furthermore, because the catalysis of AuNPs may be blocked under the interaction with single-stranded DNA and unblocked in the presence of a complementary sequence, detection of DNA and even single-nucleotide polymorphism can thereby been achieved. This one-pot detection system can be operated and regenerated very easily, since all the components are integrated in the electrolytes of AuNPs, and the unmodified electrode can be reused after being rinsed. This concept by integrating the advantages of sensitive electrochemical detection with the easy-to-operate nanocolloidal system may also promote the development of other kinds of electrochemical biosensors.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biosensing Technology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China.
authors.forename: Guifang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biosensing Technology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biosensing Technology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China.
authors.forename: Yangyang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biosensing Technology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China. Electronic address: genxili@nju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Genxi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D020137:Base Pair Mismatch; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D003102:Colloids / Q000737:chemistry; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D005947:Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
chemical_list: D003102:Colloids; D006046:Gold; D004247:DNA; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Biosensors; Electrochemistry; Glucose; Gold nanoparticles; Single-nucleotide polymorphism