title: [Impact of preoperative chemotherapy on the expression of apoptosis factors in colorectal cancer liver metastases].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the effects of cytotoxic and targeted anti-VEGF drugs on some mechanisms of apoptosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effects of cytotoxic and targeted anti-VEGF drugs on the expression of the apoptosis activators Bax and PML and the apoptosis inhibitor Bcl-2 were studied in the colorectal cancer (CRC) liver metastases; a comparison group comprised patients receiving no chemotherapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Immunohistochemical examination revealed lower Bax and PML expressions and higher Bcl-2 expression in the majority of untreated patients, suggesting the suppressed mechanisms triggering tumor cell apoptosis. Cytotoxic therapy resulted in a statistically significant rise in the expression of the apoptosis activator Bax (p = 0.01), a reduction in the level of the apoptosis inhibitor Bcl-2 (p = 0.04) and a slight increase in PML that controlled the induction of apoptosis. Adding an anti-VEGF agent to cytotoxic therapy exerted no statistically significant impact on Bax and Bcl-2, but caused more frequent positive PML expression than in the control and cytotoxic chemotherapy groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study showed that cytotoxic and targeted anti-VEGF agents activate the apoptosis of tumor cells in the CRC liver metastases.
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Pal'tseva
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Sekacheva
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Fedorov
authors.forename: O G
authors.initials: OG
authors.lastname: Skipenko
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics*; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000556:secondary; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D057234:Preoperative Period; D000071156:Promyelocytic Leukemia Protein; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D000071156:Promyelocytic Leukemia Protein; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D014157:Transcription Factors; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; C070576:PML protein, human; D000068258:Bevacizumab