title: Up-regulation of S100A16 expression promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition via Notch1 pathway in breast cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Our previous studies demonstrated that S100A16 promotes adipogenesis and is involved in weight gain attenuation induced by dietary calcium. Till now, the function of S100A16 in the breast cancer remains to be elucidated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study, we observed that S100A16 was expressed in higher levels in human breast cancer tissues compared with paired adjacent non-cancerous tissues. Further examination showed that overexpression of S100A16 in MCF-7 cells could increase cell proliferation and colony formation. One major mechanistic change was that S100A16 was able to up-regulate the transcription factors Notch1, ZEB1, and ZEB2, which had the capacities to directly repress the expression of epithelial markers E-cadherin and β-catenin but increase mesenchymal markers N-cadherin and vimentin, a characterized phenotype of epithelial-mensenchymal transition (EMT). In addition to display with morphologic change, migration and invasion were increased in S100A16 over-expressed MCF-7 cells. Importantly, knockdown of Notch1 by specific siRNA could reverse the EMT induced by S100A16 overexpression, which confirmed that Notch1 played a critical role in the process of EMT induced by S100A16.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All together, our data indicated that S100A16 had a potential function to regulate some embryonic transcription factors to promote EMT in breast cancer cells which may be an important target site for the therapy of breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, 210029, Nanjing, China. zhouwenbin@njmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Wenbin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, 210029, Nanjing, China. pamghong@163.com.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, 210029, Nanjing, China. xiatsswms@163.com.
authors.forename: Tiansong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, 210029, Nanjing, China. 953037914@qq.com.
authors.forename: Jinqiu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, 210029, Nanjing, China. 694427729@qq.com.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 20057, USA. njfanping@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, 210008, Nanjing, China. yifen1989@yahoo.com.cn.
authors.forename: Yifen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University, Nanjing, 210008, China. mspublic@foxmail.com.
authors.forename: Weidong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Geratology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, 210029, Nanjing, China. 493602870@qq.com.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, 210029, Nanjing, China. liuxiaoan@126.com.
authors.forename: Xiaoan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, 210029, Nanjing, China. dingqiang@njmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Department of Geratology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, 210029, Nanjing, China. liuyun@njmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, 210029, Nanjing, China. ws0801@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Shui
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D058750:Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D008875:Middle Aged; D051881:Receptor, Notch1 / Q000378:metabolism; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: C497761:NOTCH1 protein, human; D051881:Receptor, Notch1; D009418:S100 Proteins; C000589580:S100A16 protein, human