title: Detection of trace microcystin-LR on a 20 MHz QCM sensor coated with in situ self-assembled MIPs.
abstract: A 20 MHz quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensor coated with in situ self-assembled molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) was presented for the detection of trace microcystin-LR (MC-LR) in drinking water. The sensor performance obtained using the in situ self-assembled MIPs was compared with traditionally synthesized MIPs on 20 MHz and normal 10 MHz QCM chip. The results show that the response increases by more than 60% when using the in situ self-assembly method compared using the traditionally method while the 20 MHz QCM chip provides four-fold higher response than the 10 MHz one. Therefore, the in situ self-assembled MIPs coated on a high frequency QCM chip was used in the sensor performance test to detect MC-LR in tap water. It showed a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.04 nM which is lower than the safety guideline level (1 nM MC-LR) of drinking water in China. The low sensor response to other analogs indicated the high specificity of the sensor to MC-LR. The sensor showed high stability and low signal variation less than 2.58% after regeneration. The lake water sample analysis shows the sensor is possible for practical use. The combination of the higher frequency QCM with the in situ self-assembled MIPs provides a good candidate for the detection of other small molecules.
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, Jiangsu, China; Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, Jilin, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, Jiangsu, China. Electronic address: zhoulq@sibet.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Lianqun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637553, Singapore. Electronic address: yiwang@ntu.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Chuanyu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Qingwen
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Mingyu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Haiwen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Wen-fei
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Dong
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008387:Marine Toxins; D052998:Microcystins / Q000032:analysis*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D058525:Quartz Crystal Microbalance Techniques; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D008387:Marine Toxins; D052998:Microcystins; D011108:Polymers; D014867:Water; C057862:cyanoginosin LR
keywords: High frequency QCM; In situ self-assembly; Microcystin-LR; Molecularly imprinted polymers; Quartz crystal microbalance