title: Post-traumatic stress disorder in intensive care unit patients.
abstract: Post-traumatic stress disorder has been detected in patients after treatment in intensive care unit. The main goal of this study is to review the psychological aspects and therapeutic interventions on those patients after their treatment on intensive care unit. Thirty eight articles have been included. The prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder has varied from 17% up to 30% and the incidence from 14% to 24%. The risk factors were: previous anxiety historic, depression or panic, having delusional traumatic memories (derived from psychic formations as dreams and delirium), belief effects, depressive behavior, stressing experiences and mechanical ventilation. High doses of opiates, symptoms caused by sedation or analgesia reduction and the use of lorazepam were related with the increase of delirium and delusional memory. The disorder sintomatology can be reduced with hydrocortisone administration, with daily sedation interruption. No other effectiveness psychological intervention study was found.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Andrea Vannini Santesso
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Caiuby
authors.affiliation: Prática Assistencial Multiprofissional, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Paola Bruno de Araújo
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Andreoli
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Sergio Baxter
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Andreoli