title: [A brief history of the anatomy and physiology of a mysterious and hidden gland called the pancreas].
abstract: Because of its retrogastric location and appearance, which is similar to mesenteric fat, for centuries the pancreas has been a mysterious, hidden organ that has received little attention. However, its importance was intuited and described by Herophilus, Ruphos of Ephesus and Galen. This gland began to appearin distinct medical treatises from the 16th century. There are two important scientists in the history of the pancreas. The fist, Johann Georg Wirsung, described the main pancreatic duct in 1642, a date considered by many to be the start of Pancreatology. The second, Claude Bernard, described pancreatic exocrine function between 1849 and 1856 and is considered the father of pancreatic physiology. Besides these two outstanding figures, there is a constellation of personalities who contributed to improving knowledge of this enigmatic gland with the results of their studies. The aim of this article is to call attention to some of the most notable findings that have enhanced knowledge of this gland over the years.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Gastroenterología, Institut de Malalties Digestives i Metabóliques, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, España. Electronic address: 6119snc@comb.cat.
authors.forename: Salvador
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Navarro
mesh_terms: D005060:Europe; D005762:Gastroenterology / Q000266:history*; D049669:History, 16th Century; D049670:History, 17th Century; D049671:History, 18th Century; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049690:History, Ancient; D010179:Pancreas / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Anatomy; Anatomía; Fisiología; Historia; History; Pancreas; Physiology; Páncreas