title: Mueller's Muscle Conjunctival Resection With Skin-Only Blepharoplasty: Effects on Eyelid and Eyebrow Position.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effect of concurrent blepharoplasty and Mueller's muscle conjunctival resection (MMCR) surgery on eyelid position and eyebrow height.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical data from 274 eyes that met inclusion criteria for this study were reviewed. Mueller's muscle conjunctival resection surgery was performed alone in 198 eyes and was performed with concurrent blepharoplasty in 76 cases. In this study blepharoplasty consisted of only skin removal, leaving the muscle, fat, and tarsus intact. Preoperative and postoperative pupil to eyebrow, and eyelid margin to eyebrow distances were calculated and compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Preoperative margin reflex distance 1 (MRD1) was similar for both groups of patients (p > 0.05) as was the postoperative MRD1 (p > 0.05). The change in MRD1 was similar between patients undergoing MMCR alone versus those undergoing MMCR with blepharoplasty (1.5 mm vs. 1.3 mm, respectively, p = 0.36). For similar amounts of tissue resection, the postoperative change in MRD1 was similar for patients undergoing MMCR-only surgery and MMCR with blepharoplasty (p > 0.05). Eyebrow height significantly decreased following both MMCR with blepharoplasty (0.73 mm, p < 0.05) and MMCR-only surgery (0.87 mm, p < 0.05), and this change in eyebrow height was not significantly different between the 2 groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combining MMCR surgery with skin-only blepharoplasty does not significantly alter eyelid height when compared with MMCR surgery alone for the correction of upper eyelid ptosis. This may assist in preoperative planning for combined MMCR with skin-only blepharoplasty.
authors.affiliation: *Jules Stein Eye Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A.; and †Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Grant H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Daniel B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Rootman
authors.forename: Justin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Karlin
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Goldberg
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019882:Blepharoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D001763:Blepharoptosis / Q000601:surgery*; D003228:Conjunctiva / Q000601:surgery*; D062109:Dermatologic Surgical Procedures; D005138:Eyebrows / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005143:Eyelids / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies