title: [Treatment of child hydrocephalus by endoscopic third ventriculostomy in Senegal].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Since its advent, endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) has been an effective alternative to shunt placement for the treatment of hydrocephalus. The aim of this study was to report the results of our experience with this technique in children in Senegal.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a retrospective study of 70 cases of children aged between 5 months to 15 years who were treated by ETV in the Neurosurgery Department of Fann Hospital in Dakar, between January 2010 to December 2012. The results were evaluated based on the clinical criteria of Drake and the Canadian Pediatric Neurosurgery Study Group. The mean follow-up duration was 24 months (9-32 months).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age at diagnosis was 29 months. A male predominance (sex-ratio 1/3) was observed. We also noted a macrocephaly in 64.4 % of cases, psychomotor retardation in 40 % and decreased vision in 31.4 %. Headache and vomiting were found in 42.8 % and 61.4 % respectively. The main etiology was a stenosis of the mesencephalon aqueduct (30 %), followed by a Dandy-Walker malformation (25.7 %). Significant intraoperative bleeding was found in 2.8 % of patients. The most common postoperative complication was CSF leakage (18.6 %), followed by infections (14.2 %). The success rate according to the clinical criteria of Drake was 71.4 %. This success rate was influenced by the age of patients and the hydrocephalus etiology. No deaths occurred.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The endoscopic third ventriculostomy is a simple, safe and effective technique. Its advantages in terms of quality of life and morbidity compared with bypass valves makes it the technique of choice, particularly in developing countries.
authors.affiliation: Clinique neurochirurgicale, CHU de Fann, avenue Cheikh AntaDiop, BP 5035, Dakar-Fann, Sénégal. Electronic address: fkct@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Salem-Memou
authors.affiliation: Clinique neurochirurgicale, CHU de Fann, avenue Cheikh AntaDiop, BP 5035, Dakar-Fann, Sénégal.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Badara Thiam
authors.affiliation: Clinique neurochirurgicale, CHU de Fann, avenue Cheikh AntaDiop, BP 5035, Dakar-Fann, Sénégal.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kpelao
authors.affiliation: Clinique neurochirurgicale, CHU de Fann, avenue Cheikh AntaDiop, BP 5035, Dakar-Fann, Sénégal.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mbaye
authors.affiliation: Clinique neurochirurgicale, CHU de Fann, avenue Cheikh AntaDiop, BP 5035, Dakar-Fann, Sénégal.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Ba
authors.affiliation: Clinique neurochirurgicale, CHU de Fann, avenue Cheikh AntaDiop, BP 5035, Dakar-Fann, Sénégal.
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Badiane
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D044583:Neuroendoscopy; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011788:Quality of Life; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012675:Senegal; D020542:Third Ventricle / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014696:Ventriculostomy
keywords: Endoscopic third ventriculostomy; Hydrocephalus; Hydrocéphalie; Senegal; Sénégal; Ventriculocisternostomie endoscopique