title: Magnetic nanoparticles from Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense increase the efficacy of thermotherapy in a model of colon carcinoma.
abstract: Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are capable of generate heating power under the influence of alternating magnetic fields (AMF); this behaviour recently opened new scenarios for advanced biomedical applications, mainly as new promising tumor therapies. In this paper we have tested magnetic nanoparticles called magnetosomes (MNs): a class of MNPs naturally produced by magnetotactic bacteria. We extracted MNs from Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense strain MSR-1 and tested the interaction with cellular elements and anti-neoplastic activity both in vitro and in vivo, with the aim of developing new therapeutic approaches for neoplastic diseases. In vitro experiments performed on Human Colon Carcinoma HT-29 cell cultures demonstrated a strong uptake of MNs with no evident signs of cytotoxicity and revealed three phases in the interaction: adherence, transport and accumulation in Golgi vesicles. In vivo studies were performed on subcutaneous tumors in mice; in this model MNs are administered by direct injection in the tumor volume, then a protocol consisting of three exposures to an AMF rated at 187 kHz and 23kA/m is carried out on alternate days, over a week. Tumors were monitored by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to obtain information about MNs distribution and possible tissue modifications induced by hyperthermia. Histological analysis showed fibrous and necrotic areas close to MNs injection sites in mice subjected to a complete thermotherapy protocol. These results, although concerning a specific tumor model, could be useful to further investigate the feasibility and efficacy of protocols based on MFH. Magnetic nanoparticles naturally produced and extracted from bacteria seem to be promising candidates for theranostic applications in cancer therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mannucci
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: Leonardo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ghin
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: Giamaica
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Conti
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), Firenze, Italy.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tambalo
authors.affiliation: Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), Firenze, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Milano, Milano, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lascialfari
authors.affiliation: Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), Firenze, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Milano, Milano, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Tomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Orlando
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: Donatella
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Benati
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bernardi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: Nico
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Betterle
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bassi
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: Pasquina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marzola
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), Firenze, Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sbarbati
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004357:Drug Synergism; D019073:HT29 Cells; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D055944:Magnetosomes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D042201:Magnetospirillum; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D013816:Thermodynamics
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles