title: Outcomes after fluoroscopy-guided iliopsoas bursa injection for suspected iliopsoas tendinopathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report patient outcomes up to 1 month after fluoroscopy-guided iliopsoas bursa injection for suspected iliopsoas tendinopathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-nine consecutive patients (mean age 45 years; range 15-77) who underwent fluoroscopy-guided therapeutic iliopsoas bursa injection using an anterolateral approach and who returned an outcomes questionnaire were prospectively included. The Patients' Global Impression of Change (PGIC) scale was recorded 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month after the injection (primary outcome measure). Patients' subjective pain level data were collected prior to the injection (baseline) using a numeric rating scale (NRS; 0 = no pain; 10 = maximum pain). NRS scores were completed 15 min, 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month post-injection and compared to baseline.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-nine per cent of patients reported clinically relevant 'improvement' (PGIC) 1 month post-injection. Mean NRS score prior to injection was 5.9 ± 2.1. Mean NRS scores after 15 min (3.6 ± 2.7), 1 day (4.4 ± 2.7), 1 week (3.4 ± 1.9), and 1 month (3.5 ± 2.5) were statistically significantly lower (p ≤ 0.001) compared to baseline. Reduction of NRS ≥50 % after 15 min was achieved in 49 % (56 % of those unimproved at 1 month).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fluoroscopy-guided iliopsoas bursa injection leads to a relevant 'improvement' at 1 month or significant pain reduction after 15 min in most patients.
authors.affiliation: Radiology, Balgrist University Hospital, Forchstrasse 340, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland, christoph.agten@balgrist.ch.
authors.forename: Christoph A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Agten
authors.forename: Andrea B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Rosskopf
authors.forename: Patrick O
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Zingg
authors.forename: Cynthia K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: Christian W A
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Pfirrmann
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002061:Bursa, Synovial; D005260:Female; D005471:Fluoroscopy / Q000379:methods; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D007270:Injections, Intra-Articular; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D059352:Musculoskeletal Pain / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016658:Psoas Muscles; D015641:Radiography, Interventional / Q000379:methods; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D052256:Tendinopathy / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014221:Triamcinolone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D014221:Triamcinolone