title: Mechanisms of GOLPH3 associated with the progression of gastric cancer: a preliminary study.
abstract: METHODS
  To investigate the specific mechanisms by which Golgi phosphoprotein 3 (GOLPH3) affects the progression of gastric cancer and to explore its clinical significance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemical analysis was used to evaluate the correlations between GOLPH3, phosphorylated mTOR (p-mTOR), phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt), phosphorylated p70S6 (p-p70S6), phosphorylated 4E-BP1 (p-4E-BP1) and the clinicopathological features of gastric cancer. The mRNA expression levels of GOLPH3, mTOR, Akt, p70S6 and 4E-BP1 in gastric cancer, carcinoma-adjacent and paired normal tissue were analyzed using RT-PCR. Western blotting was used to determine the protein expression of GOLPH3, p-mTOR, p-Akt, p-p70S6 and p-4E-BP1 in tissues.
  
  
  RESULTS
  High expression protein levels of GOLPH3, p-AKT, p-mTOR, p70S6, p-4E-BP1 were positively associated with histological grade (p<0.05), depth of invasion (p<0.05), distant metastasis (p<0.05) and lymph node involvement (p<0.05). Compared with carcinoma-adjacent and paired normal tissues, the mRNA expression levels of GOLPH3, AKT, mTOR, p70S6 and 4EBP1 in gastric cancer tissues were significantly higher. The protein expression levels of GOLPH3, p-AKT, p-mTOR, p-p70S6 and p-4E-BP1 in gastric cancer tissues were also significantly higher than in carcinoma-adjacent and paired normal tissues. A strong positive correlation was observed between GOLPH3, p-mTOR, p-p70S6 and p-4EBP1 expression (r = 0.410, 0.303 and 0.276, respectively, p<0.05), but no significant correlation between the expression of GOLPH3 and p-Akt was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The GOPLH3 expression level is highly correlated with Akt/mTOR signaling in human gastric cancer samples. GOLPH3 combined with Akt/mTOR signaling activation may play an important role in the development, differentiation, invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jinzhen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Department of Spine Osteopathia, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Department of Spine Osteopathia, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.affiliation: Department of Spine Osteopathia, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Keke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yuncui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nong
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Mingyu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lai
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D052138:Genes, Neoplasm; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D038601:Ribosomal Protein S6 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; C087000:EIF4EBP1 protein, human; C429024:GOLPH3 protein, human; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D038601:Ribosomal Protein S6; C546842:MTOR protein, human; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases