title: Anthelmintic efficacy of ivermectin and abamectin, administered orally for seven consecutive days (100 µg/kg/day), against nematodes in naturally infected pigs.
abstract: The present study aimed to evaluate ivermectin and abamectin, both administered orally in naturally infected domestic swine, as well as analysing if the EPG (eggs per gram of faeces) values were equivalent with the ivermectin and abamectin efficacy obtained by parasitological necropsies. The animals were randomly selected based on the average of three consecutive EPG counts of Strongylida, Ascaris suum and Trichuris for experiment I, and of Strongylida and Trichuris for experiment II. After the random draw, eight animals were treated, orally, during seven consecutive days with 100 µg/kg/day ivermectin (Ivermectina® premix, Ouro Fino Agronegócios), eight other animals were treated, orally, during seven consecutive days with 100 µg/kg/day abamectin (Virbamax® premix - Virbac do Brasil Indústria e Comércio Ltda.), and eight pigs were kept as controls. EPG counts were performed for each individual animal at 14th day post-treatment (DPT). All animals (control and treatment) were necropsied at the 14th DPT. The results from both experiments demonstrate that both ivermectin and abamectin, administered orally for a continuous period of seven days, at a daily dosage of 100 µg/kg, were highly effective (>95%) against Hyostrongylus rubidus, Strongyloides ransomi, Ascaris suum and Metastrongylus salmi. Against Oesophagostomum dentatum, abamectin presented over 95% efficacy against both evaluated strains, while ivermectin reached other strain as resistant. Regarding T. suis, both ivermectin and abamectin were effective (efficacies >90%) against one of the tested strains, while the other one was classified as resistant. Furthermore, the EPG values were equivalent with the ivermectin and abamectin efficacy obtained by parasitological necropsies.
authors.affiliation: CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n°, CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal-São Paulo, Brasil; Universidade Federal de Goiás, UFG, Regional de Jataí-Goiás, Brasil. Electronic address: wdzlopes@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Welber Daniel Zanetti
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.affiliation: CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n°, CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal-São Paulo, Brasil.
authors.forename: Weslen Fabricio Pires
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.affiliation: CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n°, CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal-São Paulo, Brasil.
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Felippelli
authors.affiliation: CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n°, CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal-São Paulo, Brasil.
authors.forename: Breno Cayeiro
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.affiliation: CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n°, CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal-São Paulo, Brasil.
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Buzulini
authors.affiliation: CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n°, CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal-São Paulo, Brasil.
authors.forename: Willian Giquelin
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Maciel
authors.affiliation: CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n°, CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal-São Paulo, Brasil.
authors.forename: Flávia Carolina
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Fávero
authors.affiliation: CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n°, CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal-São Paulo, Brasil.
authors.forename: Lucas Vinicius Costa
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n°, CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal-São Paulo, Brasil.
authors.forename: Luciana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Prando
authors.affiliation: CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n°, CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal-São Paulo, Brasil.
authors.forename: Murilo A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Bichuette
authors.affiliation: CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n°, CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal-São Paulo, Brasil.
authors.forename: Thais Rabelo
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Dos Santos
authors.affiliation: CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n°, CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal-São Paulo, Brasil.
authors.forename: Alvimar José
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: da Costa
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001938:Brazil; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D007559:Ivermectin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D016014:Linear Models; D009348:Nematoda / Q000187:drug effects*; D009349:Nematode Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D010270:Parasite Egg Count / Q000662:veterinary; D059208:Parasite Load / Q000662:veterinary; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000469:parasitology*
chemical_list: D000871:Anthelmintics; C048324:abamectin; D007559:Ivermectin
keywords: Abamectin; Helminths; Ivermectin; Swine