title: Comparison of various functionally graded femoral prostheses by finite element analysis.
abstract: This study is focused on finite element analysis of a model comprising femur into which a femoral component of a total hip replacement was implanted. The considered prosthesis is fabricated from a functionally graded material (FGM) comprising a layer of a titanium alloy bonded to a layer of hydroxyapatite. The elastic modulus of the FGM was adjusted in the radial, longitudinal, and longitudinal-radial directions by altering the volume fraction gradient exponent. Four cases were studied, involving two different methods of anchoring the prosthesis to the spongy bone and two cases of applied loading. The results revealed that the FG prostheses provoked more SED to the bone. The FG prostheses carried less stress, while more stress was induced to the bone and cement. Meanwhile, less shear interface stress was stimulated to the prosthesis-bone interface in the noncemented FG prostheses. The cement-bone interface carried more stress compared to the prosthesis-cement interface. Stair climbing induced more harmful effects to the implanted femur components compared to the normal walking by causing more stress. Therefore, stress shielding, developed stresses, and interface stresses in the THR components could be adjusted through the controlling stiffness of the FG prosthesis by managing volume fraction gradient exponent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Azim Ataollahi
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8591-3340
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Oshkour
authors.affiliation: Research Training Group GRK 1462, Bauhaus-Universität Weimar, Berkaer Straße 9, 99425 Weimar, Germany.
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5512-990X
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Talebi
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Seyed Farid Seyed
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Shirazi
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil Engineering, Aalborg University, Sohngårdsholmsvej 57, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Mehdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bayat
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Yat Huang
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Yau
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
authors.forename: Faris
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tarlochan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Noor Azuan
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Abu Osman
mesh_terms: D001843:Bone Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry; D055119:Elastic Modulus; D005269:Femur / Q000601:surgery; D020342:Finite Element Analysis; D006622:Hip Prosthesis; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D011474:Prosthesis Design / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D001843:Bone Cements; D017886:Durapatite; D014025:Titanium