title: Antenatal and intrapartum risk factors for use of emergency and restorative Medicaid dental services for children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relationship between antenatal/intrapartum factors and Medicaid use.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three databases were used: (1) birth records; (2) Medicaid files; and (3) Medicaid dental claims.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Children of Caucasian mothers were 34 percent more likely to have more than one restorative claim versus children of African American mothers (odds ratio [OR] equals 1.34, 95 percent confidence interval [95% CI] equals 1.10 to 1.65, P<.005). Children born with low birth weight were 37 percent more likely to have emergency claims (OR equals 1.37, 95% CI equals 1.02 to 1.83, P=.03). The adjusted analysis found that Caucasian mothers had higher odds ratio of having a dental claim than African American mothers (P<.001): 33 percent for a restorative claim and 56 percent for an emergency claim. When race was analyzed, the odds of a restorative claim among African American mothers were 2.5 times higher in children delivered by C-section versus those vaginally delivered (OR equals 2.52, 95% CI equals 1.02-6.2, P<.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study found: an association between children of Caucasian mothers and the likelihood of experiencing claims; and a relationship between children born with low birth weight and C-section and the likelihood of use of Medicaid services.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, James Whitcomb Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, Ind, USA. jfyepes@iupui.edu.
authors.forename: Juan F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Yepes
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, at the University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky., USA.
authors.forename: Heather M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Bush
authors.affiliation: College of Public Health, at the University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky., USA.
authors.forename: Hsin-Fang
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, at the University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky., USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Talbert
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, at the University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky., USA.
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Nash
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001724:Birth Weight; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002648:Child; D002662:Child Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003442:Crowns / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000628:therapy; D003752:Dental Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003788:Dental Pulp Diseases / Q000628:therapy; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004632:Emergency Medical Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007629:Kentucky; D008423:Maternal Age; D008484:Medicaid; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014481:United States; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult