title: Reporting and interpreting red blood cell morphology: is there discordance between clinical pathologists and clinicians?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Clinical pathologists (CPs) report RBC morphologic (RBC-M) changes to assist clinicians in prioritizing differential diagnoses. However, reporting is subjective, semiquantitative, and potentially biased. Reporting decisions vary among CPs, and reports may not be interpreted by clinicians as intended.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aims of this study were to survey clinicians and CPs about RBC-M terms and their clinical value, and identify areas of agreement and discordance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Online surveys were distributed to small animal clinicians via the Veterinary Information Network and to CPs via the ASVCP listserv. A quiz assessed understanding of RBC-M terms among respondent groups. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze responses to survey questions, and quiz scores were compared among groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analyzable responses were obtained from 1662 clinicians and 82 CPs. Both clinicians and CPs considered some terms, e.g., agglutination, useful, whereas only CPs considered other terms, e.g., ghost cells, useful. All groups interpreted certain terms, e.g., Heinz bodies, correctly, whereas some clinicians misinterpreted others, e.g., eccentrocytes. Responses revealed that CPs often do not report RBC-M they consider insignificant, when present in low numbers. Twenty-eight percent of clinicians think CPs review all blood smears while only 19% of CPs report reviewing all smears.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Important differences about the clinical relevance of certain RBC-M terms exist between clinicians and CPs. Inclusion of interpretive comments on CBC reports is the clearest way to ensure that RBC-M changes are interpreted as intended by the CP. Reporting practices should be examined critically to improve communication, transparency, and ultimately medical decisions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Ashleigh W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rishniw
authors.forename: Erica
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Behling-Kelly
mesh_terms: D000820:Animal Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis; D000818:Animals; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000473:pathology*; D010341:Pathology, Veterinary / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D018634:Veterinarians / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
keywords: Blood smear; CBC; hematology; hemogram