title: Advances in prenatal diagnosis of congenital diaphragmatic hernia.
abstract: Over the past 20 years, prenatal detection of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) has improved worldwide, reaching up to 60% in Europe. Pulmonary hypoplasia and persistent pulmonary hypertension are the two main determinants of neonatal mortality and morbidity, so new tools have been focused on their evaluation. Fetal surgery for severe cases requires proper evaluation of the prognosis of fetuses with CDH. Observed-to-expected lung-to-head ratio, liver position, and total lung volume measured by magnetic resonance are the prognostic factors most often used, and have been shown to correlate not only with neonatal mortality but also with morbidity. In daily practice, pulmonary hypertension by itself, although most often associated with lung hypoplasia, is more difficult to predict.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Hospital Antoine Beclere, APHP, Paris Sud University, Clamart, France; Centre Maladies Rares: Hernie de Coupole Diaphragmatique, Hospital Antoine Beclere, APHP, Clamart, France. Electronic address: alexandra.benachi@abc.aphp.fr.
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Benachi
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Hospital Antoine Beclere, APHP, Paris Sud University, Clamart, France; Centre Maladies Rares: Hernie de Coupole Diaphragmatique, Hospital Antoine Beclere, APHP, Clamart, France.
authors.forename: Anne-Gaël
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Cordier
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University Hospital Brugmann, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Mieke
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cannie
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Brugmann, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jani
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D065630:Hernias, Diaphragmatic, Congenital / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal
keywords: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia; Lung-to-head ratio; Magnetic resonance imaging; Prenatal ultrasound