title: Effects of partially replacing dietary soybean meal or cottonseed meal with completely hydrolyzed feather meal (defatted rice bran as the carrier) on production, cytokines, adhesive gut bacteria, and disease resistance in hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus ♀ × Oreochromis aureus ♂).
abstract: We formulated experimental diets for hybrid tilapia to investigate the effects of replacing dietary soybean meal (SBM) or cottonseed meal (CSM) by completely hydrolyzed feather meal (defatted rice bran as the carrier; abbreviated as CHFM), with emphasis on fish growth, the composition of adhesive gut bacteria, intestinal and hepatic immune responses, and disease resistance. A series of four isonitrogenous (33% crude protein) and isolipidic (6% crude lipid) diets were formulated to replace the isonitrogenous percentages of CSM or SBM by 6% or 12% CHFM. Quadruplicate groups of healthy and uniformly sized hybrid tilapia were assigned to each experimental diet. Fish were hand fed three times a day for 8 weeks at a rearing temperature of 25-28 °C. The growth performance of hybrid tilapia fed diets with partial replacement of dietary SBM or CSM with CHFM was comparable to the group of fish fed the control diet. The CHFM-containing diets affected the intestinal autochthonous bacterial community in similar ways. All CHFM-containing diets stimulated the expression of heat shock protein 70 in the intestine but suppressed its expression in the liver. Only the CHFM6/SBM diet stimulated the expression of interleukin-1β in intestine, and no effects were observed in all diets to the expression of interleukin-1β in liver. Thus, regarding the immune response in the intestine and liver, CHFM is a good alternative protein source that induces less stress in the host. CHFM did not affect disease resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila infection in hybrid tilapia. These data suggest that CHFM is a good alternative to partially replace SBM and CSM in tilapia feed.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China.
authors.forename: Wenshu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China.
authors.forename: Yalin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhenyu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China. Electronic address: zhou_zg@msn.com.
authors.forename: Zhigang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D017756:Aquaculture / Q000379:methods*; D003369:Cottonseed Oil; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D060467:Disease Resistance / Q000187:drug effects*; D005241:Feathers / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006824:Hybridization, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D064307:Microbiota / Q000187:drug effects*; D012275:Oryza; D013025:Glycine max; D017210:Tilapia / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development*
chemical_list: D003369:Cottonseed Oil; D016207:Cytokines; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins
keywords: Completely hydrolyzed feather meal; Immune responses; Intestinal bacteria; Tilapia