title: Upregulated expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in human periodontal ligament cells induced by interleukin-1β.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Root resorption during orthodontic treatment is a complex and sterile inflammatory process, characterized by the recruitment of mononuclear cells in the local periodontal ligament. This study aimed to investigate whether interleukin (IL)-1β could induce the migration of monocytes through upregulating monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 expression in human periodontal ligament cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human periodontal ligament cells were cultured in medium containing various IL-1β concentrations. After 24 hours of incubation, the messenger RNA (mRNA) and MCP-1 protein in periodontal ligament cells were detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis, respectively. The effect of supernatants of periodontal ligament cells on THP-1 cells was analysed via migration assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  IL-1β (10 ng/mL and 25 ng/mL) increased the expression of MCP-1 mRNA and protein in periodontal ligament cells (p < 0.05). In addition, the supernatants from the IL-1β-treated periodontal ligament cells increased the migratory response of THP-1 cells (p < 0.05), which could be blocked by the anti-MCP-1 antibody.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IL-1β had the potential to induce the migratory response of monocytes via upregulation of the expression of MCP-1 in human periodontal ligament cells and could contribute to orthodontic root resorption.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cao
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002460:Cell Line; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D002633:Chemotaxis / Q000187:drug effects; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: C111835:CCL2 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D012333:RNA, Messenger
keywords: Chemotaxis; interleukin-1β; monocyte; monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; periodontal ligament cell