title: The progesterone and estrogen modify the uterine prolactin and prolactin receptor expression of hyperprolactinemic mice.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of metoclopramide-induced hyperprolactinemia on the prolactin (PRL) and PRL receptor's expression in the uterus of mice. For this purpose, 49 Swiss mice were divided into the following groups: GrSS (non-ovariectomized mice given vehicle); GrMET (non-ovariectomized mice treated with metoclopramide); OvSS (ovariectomized mice given vehicle); OvMET (ovariectomized mice treated with metoclopramide); OvMET+17βE (ovariectomized mice treated with metoclopramide and 17β estradiol); OvMET+MP (ovariectomized mice treated with metoclopramide and micronized progesterone); OvMET+17βE+MP (ovariectomized mice treated with metoclopramide and a solution of 17β estradiol and micronized progesterone). Immunohistochemical analyzes were evaluated semi-quantitatively. Our results showed that GrMET, OvMET+MP, and OvMET+17βE+MP presented strong PRL expression. OvMET and OvMET+17βE presented mild reaction, while GrSS and OvSS presented weak reaction. Concerning PRL receptor, OvMET+MP and OvMET+17βE+MP showed strong reaction; GrMET, OvSS, and OvMET+17βE showed mild reaction; and GrSS and OvMET showed weak reaction. These findings suggest that progesterone alone or in combination with estrogen may increase the expression of uterine PRL and PRL receptor.
authors.affiliation: Molecular and Cellular Gynecological Endocrinology Laboratory (MCGEL), Department of Reproductive Medicine and Child Development , University of Pisa, Pisa , Italy .
authors.forename: Vinícius Cestari
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: do Amaral
authors.forename: Kátia Candido
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: Gustavo Arantes Rosa
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Maciel
authors.forename: Tommaso
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Simoncini
authors.forename: Priscilla Ludovico
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.forename: Rodrigo Rodrigues
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Marcondes
authors.forename: José Maria
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.forename: Edmund Chada
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Baracat
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D004967:Estrogens / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006966:Hyperprolactinemia / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D010052:Ovariectomy; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D011981:Receptors, Prolactin / Q000378:metabolism*; D014599:Uterus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens; D011981:Receptors, Prolactin; D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol; D011388:Prolactin
keywords: Estrogen; hyperprolactinemia; mice; progesterone; prolactin receptor