title: Irreducible, incarcerated vertical dislocation of patella into a Hoffa fracture.
abstract: Rotational dislocations of patella, which involve rotation of the patella around a horizontal or vertical axis are rare. These rotational dislocations of patella are difficult to reduce by close methods. These dislocations can have associated osteochondral and retinacular injury. We report a case of a 20-year-old male who presented with swelling and pain in the right knee following a motor cycle accident. Radiological evaluation using the computed tomography revealed a patellar dislocation with a concomitant Hoffa fracture. Patella was rotated around the vertical axis and was incarcerated into the Hoffa fracture. This is a very rare injury and first of its kind to be reported. The difficulties in diagnosis, mechanism of injury and management have been discussed. We feel closed reduction of such an injury is likely to fail and open reduction is recommended.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, PES Institute of Medical Science and Research, Kuppam, Chittor District, Andra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Prasad C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Soraganvi
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, PES Institute of Medical Science and Research, Kuppam, Chittor District, Andra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Bs
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Narayan Gowda
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, PES Institute of Medical Science and Research, Kuppam, Chittor District, Andra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Ramakanth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rajagopalakrishnan
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Parvathy Hospital, Choolaimedu, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Ashok S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Gavaskar
keywords: Hoffa fracture; Patella dislocation; femoral fracture; ligament; medial patellofemoral ligament; patella dislocation; quadriceps muscle