title: Risk factors for de novo hepatitis B infection in pediatric living donor liver transplantation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the incidence of de novo hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection after pediatric living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) and to analyze the risk factors associated with this de novo HBV infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinical and laboratory data of children who underwent LDLT from June 2010 to September 2012 in First Center Hospital in Tianjin, China, were retrospectively included in the study. Intrahepatic HBV DNA in donors and recipients was quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction using DNA extracted from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Between June 2010 to September 2012, 32 consecutive pediatric patients underwent LDLT in our institute. Thirty LDLT patients (13 girls and 17 boys) were followed up for a median of 15 mo, of whom 53.3% (16/30) were hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb) positive and 36.7% (11/30) were hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb)/HBcAb positive before transplantation. Sixteen of the children received HBcAb-positive allografts, and 43.7% (7/16) of the grafts were found to be intrahepatic HBV DNA positive. De novo HBV infection developed in 16.1% (5/30) of the children within a median of 11 mo after transplantation. All five of the HBV-infected children had received HBcAb-positive allografts, four of which were intrahepatic HBV DNA positive. Two of the children developed de novo HBV infection despite the preoperative presence of both HBsAb and HBcAb
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In pediatric recipients, positive intrahepatic HBV DNA in allografts could be a risk factor for de novo HBV infection from HBcAb-positive allografts. HBsAb/HBcAb positivity in pediatric LDLT patients before transplantation exhibited only weak effectiveness in protecting them against de novo HBV infection from HBcAb-positive allografts.
authors.affiliation: Wei Rao, Tao Yang, Jian-jun Zhang, Wei Gao, Yong-Lin Deng, Hong Zheng, Cheng Pan, Yi-He Liu, Zhong-Yang Shen, Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.affiliation: Wei Rao, Tao Yang, Jian-jun Zhang, Wei Gao, Yong-Lin Deng, Hong Zheng, Cheng Pan, Yi-He Liu, Zhong-Yang Shen, Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China.
authors.forename: Man
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Wei Rao, Tao Yang, Jian-jun Zhang, Wei Gao, Yong-Lin Deng, Hong Zheng, Cheng Pan, Yi-He Liu, Zhong-Yang Shen, Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Wei Rao, Tao Yang, Jian-jun Zhang, Wei Gao, Yong-Lin Deng, Hong Zheng, Cheng Pan, Yi-He Liu, Zhong-Yang Shen, Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China.
authors.forename: Jian-Jun
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Wei Rao, Tao Yang, Jian-jun Zhang, Wei Gao, Yong-Lin Deng, Hong Zheng, Cheng Pan, Yi-He Liu, Zhong-Yang Shen, Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Wei Rao, Tao Yang, Jian-jun Zhang, Wei Gao, Yong-Lin Deng, Hong Zheng, Cheng Pan, Yi-He Liu, Zhong-Yang Shen, Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China.
authors.forename: Yong-Lin
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Wei Rao, Tao Yang, Jian-jun Zhang, Wei Gao, Yong-Lin Deng, Hong Zheng, Cheng Pan, Yi-He Liu, Zhong-Yang Shen, Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Wei Rao, Tao Yang, Jian-jun Zhang, Wei Gao, Yong-Lin Deng, Hong Zheng, Cheng Pan, Yi-He Liu, Zhong-Yang Shen, Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China.
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Wei Rao, Tao Yang, Jian-jun Zhang, Wei Gao, Yong-Lin Deng, Hong Zheng, Cheng Pan, Yi-He Liu, Zhong-Yang Shen, Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China.
authors.forename: Yi-He
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Wei Rao, Tao Yang, Jian-jun Zhang, Wei Gao, Yong-Lin Deng, Hong Zheng, Cheng Pan, Yi-He Liu, Zhong-Yang Shen, Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China.
authors.forename: Zhong-Yang
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D064591:Allografts; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens / Q000097:blood; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D019520:Living Donors; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens
keywords: De novo hepatitis B infection; Occult hepatitis B infection; Pediatric liver donor liver transplantation