title: Understanding the patterns of antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria causing urinary tract infection in West Bengal, India.
abstract: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common infectious diseases at the community level. In order to assess the adequacy of empirical therapy, the susceptibility of antibiotics and resistance pattern of bacteria responsible for UTI in West Bengal, India, were evaluated throughout the period of 2008-2013. The infection reports belonging to all age groups and both sexes were considered. Escherichia coli was the most abundant uropathogen with a prevalence rate of 67.1%, followed by Klebsiella spp. (22%) and Pseudomonas spp. (6%). Penicillin was least effective against UTI-causing E. coli and maximum susceptibility was recorded for the drugs belonging to fourth generation cephalosporins. Other abundant uropathogens, Klebsiella spp., were maximally resistant to broad-spectrum penicillin, followed by aminoglycosides and third generation cephalosporin. The antibiotic resistance pattern of two principal UTI pathogens, E. coli and Klebsiella spp. in West Bengal, appears in general to be similar to that found in other parts of the Globe. Higher than 50% resistance were observed for broad-spectrum penicillin. Fourth generation cephalosporin and macrolides seems to be the choice of drug in treating UTIs in Eastern India. Furthermore, improved maintenance of infection incident logs is needed in Eastern Indian hospitals in order to facilitate regular surveillance of the occurrence of antibiotic resistance patterns, since such levels continue to change.
authors.affiliation: Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Presidency University Kolkata, India.
authors.forename: Sunayana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saha
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Central Research Facility, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur, India.
authors.forename: Sridhara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nayak
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine Kolkata, India.
authors.forename: Indrani
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bhattacharyya
authors.affiliation: Ocular Microbiology & Molecular Biology Laboratory, Priyamvada Birla Aravind Eye Hospital Kolkata, India.
authors.forename: Suman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saha
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, North Bengal University Siliguri, India ; Department of Microbiology, Vidyasagar University Midnapore, India.
authors.forename: Amit K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Mandal
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, North Bengal University Siliguri, India.
authors.forename: Subhanil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chakraborty
authors.affiliation: Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Presidency University Kolkata, India.
authors.forename: Rabindranath
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bhattacharyya
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, North Bengal University Siliguri, India.
authors.forename: Ranadhir
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chakraborty
authors.affiliation: Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília Brasilia, Brazil ; Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco Campo-Grande, Brazil.
authors.forename: Octavio L
authors.initials: OL
authors.lastname: Franco
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Central Research Facility, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur, India ; Department of Microbiology, Vidyasagar University Midnapore, India.
authors.forename: Santi M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Mandal
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Central Research Facility, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur, India.
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Basak
keywords: India; West Bengal; antibiotic susceptibility; pathogenic bacteria; uropathogens