title: Two classes of nucleic acid translocation motors: rotation and revolution without rotation.
abstract: Biomotors are extensively involved in biological processes including cell mitosis, bacterial binary fission, DNA replication, DNA repair, homologous recombination, Holliday junction resolution, RNA transcription, and viral genome packaging. Traditionally, they were classified into two categories including linear and rotation motors. In 2013, a third class of motor by revolution mechanism without rotation was discovered. In this issue of "Structure and mechanisms of nanomotors in the cells", four comprehensive reviews are published to address the latest advancements of the structure and motion mechanism of a variety of biomotors in archaea, animal viruses, bacteria, and bacteriophages.
authors.affiliation: Nanobiotechnology Center, Markey Cancer Center, Lexington, KY USA ; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536 USA.
authors.forename: Peixuan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Biological Sciences, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, 2308 Australia.
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Grainge
authors.affiliation: Nanobiotechnology Center, Markey Cancer Center, Lexington, KY USA ; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536 USA.
authors.forename: Zhengyi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Nanobiotechnology Center, Markey Cancer Center, Lexington, KY USA ; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536 USA.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vieweger
keywords: Bacteriophage phi29; Biomotor; DNA helicase; DNA packaging; DNA translocase; Hexameric ATPase; Revolution; Viral assembly