title: Lateral hostilities among nurses employed in intensive care units, emergency departments, operating rooms, and emergency medical services. A national survey in Italy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Lateral hostilities (LHs) are "nasty, unkind, aggressive behavior between colleagues working at comparable organizational levels." When LHs occur "at least once a week for a period of not less than 6 months," they become "bullying." The frequency of lateral violence in health care literature varies from 5.7% to 65%.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to explore the extent of LH and the effects on the quality of lives of Italian nurses working in prehospital emergency medical system, emergency department, intensive care unit, and operating rooms.
  
  
  METHODS
  A descriptive study was conducted through an online survey in the Web site of the National Italian Association of Critical Care Nurses (ANIARTI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 1504 nurses filled up the questionnaire, with 1202 valid data entries (79.9%). Of this group, 739 (61.5%) were women and 951 (79.1%) had experienced some form of LH at least once in the last 12 months, whereas 269 (22.4%) felt to be victims of bullying. The number of transfers to other departments/services due to LH was 43 cases (3.6%), and 829 (69%) experienced psychophysical disorders attributed to LH experienced in the span of the year.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lateral hostility is a frequent occurrence that calls for implementation of management policies to achieving an overall improvement of the work environment climate.
authors.affiliation: Stefano Bambi, MSN, RN, is a PhD candidate in nursing science at the University of Florence and is from the Emergency and Trauma Intensive Care Unit of Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy. He is a staff nurse in the Emergency and Trauma Intensive Care Unit. He was formerly a lecturer in emergency and critical care nursing at University of Florence (Italy). Giovanni Becattini, MSN, RN, is from the Nursing Executive Floor, USL 7, Siena, Italy. He is a nurse manager, and he was formerly a lecturer in emergency and critical care nursing at University of Florence (Italy). Gian Domenico Giusti, MSN, RN, is from the Intensive Care Unit at Perugia Hospital, Perugia, Italy. He is a staff nurse in Intensive Care Unit, and he is currently a lecturer in emergency and critical care nursing at University of Perugia (Italy). Andrea Mezzetti, MSN, RN, is from the Prehospital Emergency Service at Ospedale San Giuseppe, Empoli, Italy. Andrea Guazzini, Psych, is an associate researcher at the Centre for the Study Of Complex Dynamics (CSDC), Department of Science of Education and Psychology, at the University of Florence, Italy. He also collaborates to nursing studies designs and statistical analysis. Enrico Lumini, PhD, MSN, RN, is from University-Hospital Integrated Department at Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy. He is currently a lecturer in emergency and critical care nursing at University of Florence (Italy).
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bambi
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Becattini
authors.forename: Gian Domenico
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Giusti
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mezzetti
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guazzini
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lumini
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D058445:Bullying; D064648:Critical Care Nursing; D016529:Emergency Nursing; D005260:Female; D006791:Hostility; D006801:Humans; D007400:Interprofessional Relations; D007558:Italy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital / Q000523:psychology*; D009871:Operating Room Nursing; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017132:Workplace