title: Sex hormone levels as determinants of bone mineral density and osteoporosis in Vietnamese women and men.
abstract: This study sought to investigate the prevalence of osteoporosis and the role of sex hormone levels in the determination of bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoporosis in a Vietnamese population of women and men. The cross-sectional study involved 269 women and 222 men aged 13-83 years, who were randomly selected from urban and rural areas in northern Vietnam. Serum concentrations of estradiol and testosterone were analyzed, and BMD was measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry. We found that the prevalence of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women was 18, 17, and 37 % for the femoral neck, total hip, and lumbar spine, respectively. For men aged 50 years or older, the corresponding values were 8, 7, and 12 %. In men, the most important predictors of BMD for the femoral neck and total hip were age, body mass index, and serum levels of estradiol. For the BMD of the lumbar spine, testosterone also had a significant influence. Determinants of osteoporosis in men for the total hip and lumbar spine were age, weight, and serum concentrations of estradiol and testosterone. In postmenopausal women, age, weight, and residence (urban vs rural) were the most important predictors of BMD and osteoporosis. For all women (including those of reproductive age), serum levels of estradiol were also significant. These data suggest that the prevalence of osteoporosis in the Vietnamese population is high also in men, and that estradiol levels are essential for bone mass in both men and women. The results should have clinical implications and increase awareness of an important health issue within Vietnamese society.
authors.affiliation: Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, 171-76, Stockholm, Sweden. huong.nguyen@dthim.org.vn.|Department of Physiology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam. huong.nguyen@dthim.org.vn.|Dinh Tien Hoang Institute of Medicine, Hanoi, Vietnam. huong.nguyen@dthim.org.vn.
authors.forename: Huong T T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, 171-76, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: von Schoultz
authors.affiliation: Osteoporosis and Bone Biology Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.|School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Tuan V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Dinh Tien Hoang Institute of Medicine, Hanoi, Vietnam.|Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Trinh X
authors.initials: TX
authors.lastname: Thang
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Tran T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Chau
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Pham T M
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Duc
authors.affiliation: Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, 171-76, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Angelica L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Hirschberg
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015519:Bone Density; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003710:Demography; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005272:Femur Neck / Q000473:pathology; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000097:blood; D012098:Reproduction; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood; D014744:Vietnam; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones; D013739:Testosterone; D004958:Estradiol
keywords: Bone mineral density; Estrogen; Osteoporosis; Testosterone; Vietnamese women and men