title: [The intensity of expression of matrix metalloproteinases type 2 and type 9 by invasive trophoblast cells in uncomplicated pregnancy and preeclampsia].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the intensity of immunoexpression of matrix metalloproteinases type 2 and type 9 (MMP-2 and MMP-9) during cytotrophoblast invasion (CTI) in the uteroplacental region.
  
  
  METHODS
  There were 6 groups: 1) medical abortions at 7 to 8 weeks' gestation; 2) amputated uteri at 9 to 12 weeks; 3) late medical abortions at 18 to 24 weeks' gestation and amputated uteri at 25 weeks; 4) amputated uteri and biopsies of the placental bed, performed during cesarean section at 38-40 weeks. Two more groups included biopsies from women with preeclampsia: biopsy at 28-33 weeks (Group 5) and 34-38 weeks (Group 6). A total of 49 women were examined. An immunohistochemical method performed using the standard procedure revealed the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, and cytokeratin in three invasive elements: interstitial cytotrophoblast (IC), multinucleated giant cells (MGCs), and intravascular cytotrophoblast (IVC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression of MMP-2 is intensive in all the invasive cells in the first and second trimesters and then decreases in IC and MGCs. The immunoexpression of MMP-9 with its minimal values in the first trimester successively increases in IVC and IC by a full-term gestation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MMP-2 hyperproduction in IVC and IC is of the greatest value for the first wave of CTI and high MMP-9 immunoexpression in all the invasive cells is more important for the second wave. In cases of preeclampsia, the least expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 is recorded in IC and MGCs in the complete absence of IVC.
authors.forename: I M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Rasstrigina
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Milovanov
authors.forename: T V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Fokina
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kadyrov
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006801:Humans; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D010920:Placenta / Q000378:metabolism; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: C522361:MMP2 protein, human; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; C579270:MMP9 protein, human; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9