title: Discomfort during Periorbital and Lateral Temporal Laser Vein Treatment: A Double-blind Randomized Controlled Trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Treatments for cosmetically unpleasing periocular and lateral temporal veins are limited. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that the application of topical lidocaine before the cosmetic treatment of periorbital and lateral temporal veins with a neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (ND:YAG) laser will result in a significant reduction in subjective pain compared with placebo as assessed using a visual analogue scale.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty patients who required bilateral treatment of facial veins were randomly assigned to receive either placebo or 30% lidocaine gel applied topically over the veins, a split-body design. Both the investigator and the patient were blinded to the treatment. An ND:YAG laser was used to treat the veins. Patients completed a visual analogue scale to assess the pain on each side of the face. Data were analyzed using nonparametric data testing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a 64.0% reduction in pain on the treatment side compared with the placebo side (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in patient-assessed subjective efficacy between sides (P = 0.2). Complications were minimal and mild.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients undergoing periorbital and temporal vein ablation using ND:YAG laser should be offered topical lidocaine as the pain levels are moderate. The use of topical 30% lidocaine results in a significant reduction in pain levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; and Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: James P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Bonaparte
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; and Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: David E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Ellis