title: Prevalence and risk factors of arthritis in a middle-aged and older Chinese population: the China health and retirement longitudinal study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence of arthritis and to identify risk factors of arthritis in a middle-aged and older Chinese adult population.
  
  
  METHODS
  The China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) national survey data were used to estimate overall arthritis prevalence and prevalence by age and gender groups taking into account the complex survey design and response rate. The PROC SURVEYLOGISTIC procedure (SAS 9.3; SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA) was applied to identify factors associated with arthritis using the CHARLS national survey data. Significant factors were further evaluated in the longitudinal CHARLS pilot study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall prevalence of arthritis among middle-aged and older Chinese adults was 31.4% (95% CI 30.3, 32.4). Prevalence increased with age. Females had a higher prevalence of arthritis than males in each age group. In the cross-sectional analysis, age, gender, education, BMI, sleep duration, vigorous physical activity and self-reported doctor-diagnosed chronic lung disease, hypertension, chronic liver disease, cardiovascular disease, stroke, chronic kidney disease and chronic digestive disease were associated with arthritis. Age, gender, vigorous physical activity and cardiovascular disease were confirmed to be risk factors of arthritis in the longitudinal analysis. Participants with cardiovascular disease were 1.67 times (95% CI 1.02, 2.74) more likely to have self-reported arthritis in a 4-year period of follow-up in the CHARLS pilot study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Middle-aged and older Chinese adults had a high prevalence of arthritis. Cardiovascular disease is a novel risk factor for arthritis in this population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, Department of Global Health and Environmental Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA and Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Changwei
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, Department of Global Health and Environmental Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA and Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Tingting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, Department of Global Health and Environmental Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA and Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Wenjie
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, Department of Global Health and Environmental Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA and Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Lang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, Department of Global Health and Environmental Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA and Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. harveyzou2002@bjmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhi-Yong
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Zou
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001168:Arthritis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D050177:Overweight / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012890:Sleep; D020521:Stroke / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Chinese population; arthritis; cardiovascular disease; middle-aged and older; prevalence; risk factor