title: Digital photography improves estimates of dietary intake in adolescents with intellectual and developmental disabilities.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dietary assessment of adolescents with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) is challenging due to the limited cognitive abilities of this population.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of using of digital images to improve the estimates of energy and macronutrient intake from proxy-assisted 3-day food records in adolescents with IDD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants used a mobile device to take photos of all food and beverages consumed over a three-day period and simultaneously completed a standard parent-assisted 3-day food record at two separate time points. A registered dietitian reviewed and recorded the differences between the standard record and the images. The proxy-assisted records and the photo-assisted records were analyzed separately.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred and thirty eating occasions were entered (20 participants (age = 14.9 ± 2.2 yrs, 45.0% female)). Photo-assisted records captured significantly higher estimates of energy intake per eating occasion than regular proxy-assisted records (P = 0.001) as well as significantly greater grams of fat (P = 0.011), carbohydrates (P = 0.003), and protein (P = 0.004).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of photo-assisted diet records appears to be a feasible method to obtain substantial additional details about dietary intake that consequently may improve the overall estimates of energy and macronutrient intake when using proxy-assisted diet records in adolescents with IDD.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA. Electronic address: LPtomey@kumc.edu.
authors.forename: Lauren T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Ptomey
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
authors.forename: Erik A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Willis
authors.affiliation: Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
authors.forename: Jeannine R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Goetz
authors.affiliation: Institute for Measurement, Methodology, Analysis, and Policy, Texas Tech University, 2500 Broadway Street, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.
authors.forename: Jaehoon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
authors.forename: Debra K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Donnelly
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D003071:Cognition; D002658:Developmental Disabilities; D004032:Diet; D015930:Diet Records; D006233:Persons with Disabilities; D004435:Eating; D002149:Energy Intake; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010781:Photography; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Adolescents; Dietary assessment; Intellectual disabilities; Photo-assisted food record; Technology