title: Mapping symplasmic fields at the shoot apical meristem using iontophoresis and membrane potential measurements.
abstract: Microinjections of fluorescent dyes have revealed that the shoot apical meristem (SAM) is dynamically partitioned into symplasmic fields (SFs), implying that plasmodesmata (Pd) are held shut at specific locations in the proliferating cellular matrix. The SFs are integrated into a coherent morphogenetic unit by exchange of morphogens and transcription factors via gating Pd between adjacent SFs, and by ligand-receptor interactions that operate across the extracellular space. We describe a method for the real-time mapping of SF in the SAM by iontophoresis and membrane potential measurements.
authors.affiliation: Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Universitetstunet 3, 5003, 1432, Aas, Norway, chris.vanderschoot@nmbu.no.
authors.forename: Christiaan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: van der Schoot
authors.forename: Päivi L H
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Rinne
mesh_terms: D029662:Betula / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D001692:Biological Transport; D002450:Cell Communication; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000378:metabolism; D007478:Iontophoresis / Q000379:methods*; D007546:Isoquinolines / Q000378:metabolism; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D018519:Meristem / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D008839:Microelectrodes; D008845:Microinjections; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D031425:Plasmodesmata / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D032107:Populus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007546:Isoquinolines; D011189:Potassium Chloride; C017475:lucifer yellow