title: Global fibrinolytic activity, PAI-1 level, and 4G/5G polymorphism in Thai children with arterial ischemic stroke.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Prolonged euglobulin clot lysis time (ECLT) and increased level of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) were reported to be risk factors of arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) by some studies; however, these findings were not supported by other studies. The objective of this study was to determine the association of ECLT, PAI-1 level, and polymorphisms of 4G and 5G of PAI-1 gene to the development of AIS in Thai children.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study included patients aged 1-18 years old. Diagnosis of AIS was confirmed by imaging study. The control group was age- and sex-matched healthy subjects. Demographic data were recorded, and blood was tested for ECLT, PAI-1 level, lipid profiles, fasting blood sugar (FBS), and 4G and 5G polymorphisms of PAI-1 gene.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 70 subjects participating in this study, consisting of 30 patients and 40 controls. Demographic data, lipid profiles, and FBS were similar between the 2 groups. Furthermore, ECLT and PAI-1 level did not differ between patient and control groups; however, both showed significant correlation (r = .352, P = .006). The 4G/5G polymorphism was the most common genotype in both patient and control groups (69.0% vs. 80.0%). However, 4G and 5G polymorphisms of PAI-1 gene did not correlate with PAI-1 level in this study (P = .797).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The PAI-1 level and 4G/5G polymorphism may not be a risk factor of AIS in this population. It was also found that the 4G/5G polymorphism was the most common PAI-1 genotype in this study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Rungrote
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Natesirinilkul
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Werasak
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sasanakul
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Ampaiwan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chuansumrit
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Praguywan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kadegasem
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Anannit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Visudtibhan
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Pakawan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wongwerawattanakoon
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. Electronic address: nongnuch.sir@mahidol.ac.th.
authors.forename: Nongnuch
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sirachainan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000032:analysis; D005342:Fibrinolysis / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008055:Lipids; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D005340:Fibrinogen
keywords: 4 G/5G polymorphism; PAI-1; Thrombosis; children; euglobulin clot lysis time