title: No evidence of persisting unrepaired nuclear DNA single strand breaks in distinct types of cells in the brain, kidney, and liver of adult mice after continuous eight-week 50 Hz magnetic field exposure with flux density of 0.1 mT or 1.0 mT.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It has been hypothesized in the literature that exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (50 or 60 Hz) may lead to human health effects such as childhood leukemia or brain tumors. In a previous study investigating multiple types of cells from brain and kidney of the mouse (Acta Neuropathologica 2004; 107: 257-264), we found increased unrepaired nuclear DNA single strand breaks (nDNA SSB) only in epithelial cells of the choroid plexus in the brain using autoradiographic methods after a continuous eight-week 50 Hz magnetic field (MF) exposure of adult mice with flux density of 1.5 mT.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the present study we tested the hypothesis that MF exposure with lower flux densities (0.1 mT, i.e., the actual exposure limit for the population in most European countries, and 1.0 mT) shows similar results to those in the previous study. Experiments and data analysis were carried out in a similar way as in our previous study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Continuous eight-week 50 Hz MF exposure with 0.1 mT or 1.0 mT did not result in increased persisting unrepaired nDNA SSB in distinct types of cells in the brain, kidney, and liver of adult mice. MF exposure with 1.0 mT led to reduced unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) in epithelial cells in the choroid plexus of the fourth ventricle in the brain (EC-CP) and epithelial cells of the cortical collecting duct in the kidney, as well as to reduced mtDNA synthesis in neurons of the caudate nucleus in the brain and in EC-CP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No evidence was found for increased persisting unrepaired nDNA SSB in distinct types of cells in the brain, kidney, and liver of adult mice after continuous eight-week 50 Hz magnetic field exposure with flux density of 0.1 mT or 1.0 mT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Hubert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Korr
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroanatomy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Nicholas B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Angstman
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Tatjana B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Born
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bosse
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Birka
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Brauns
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Demmler
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Katja
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fueller
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Orsolya
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kántor
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Barbara M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Kever
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Navida
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rahimyar
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Sepideh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Salimi
authors.affiliation: Femu, Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Jiri
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Silny
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Department of Neuroanatomy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schmitz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D053904:DNA Breaks, Single-Stranded / Q000528:radiation effects*; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000528:radiation effects*; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000528:radiation effects*; D007668:Kidney / Q000166:cytology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D060526:Magnetic Fields; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000528:radiation effects