title: Glycoproteomic study reveals altered plasma proteins associated with HIV elite suppressors.
abstract: HIV elite suppressors (ES) or controllers are individuals achieving control of viremia by their natural immunological mechanisms without highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Study of the mechanisms responsible for the immunological suppression of viremia in ES may lead to the detection of individuals with ES and the effective control of HIV infection. We hypothesize that plasma glycoproteins play essential roles in the immune system of ES since plasma proteins are critical and highly relevant in anti-viral immunity and most plasma proteins are glycoproteins. To examine glycoproteins associated with ES, plasma samples from ES individuals (n=20), and from individuals on HAART (n=20), with AIDS (n=20), and no HIV infection (n=10) were analyzed by quantitative glycoproteomics. We found that a number of glycoproteins changed between ES versus HAART, AIDS and HIV- individuals. In sharp contrast, the level of plasma glycoproteins in the HAART cohort showed fewer changes compared with AIDS and HIV- individuals. These results showed that although both ES and HAART effectively suppress viremia, ES appeared to profoundly affect immunologically relevant glycoproteins in plasma as consequence of or support for anti-viral immunity. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that altered proteins in ES plasma were mainly associated with inflammation. This analysis suggests that overlapping, while distinguishable, glycoprotein profiles for inflammation and immune activation appeared to be present between ES and non-ES (HAART+AIDS) cohorts, indicating different triggers for inflammation and immune activation between natural and treatment-related viral suppression.
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of Pathology, , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA;
authors.forename: Weiming
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: 2. Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; ; 3. Laboratory of Immunoregulation, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Laeyendecker
authors.affiliation: 3. Laboratory of Immunoregulation, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Wendel
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of Pathology, , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA;
authors.forename: Bai
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of Pathology, , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA;
authors.forename: Shisheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of Pathology, , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA;
authors.forename: Jian-Ying
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of Pathology, , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA;
authors.forename: Minghui
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ao
authors.affiliation: 2. Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA;
authors.forename: Richard D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of Pathology, , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA;
authors.forename: J Brooks
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of Pathology, , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA;
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D054794:Glycomics; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D001798:Blood Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins
keywords: AIDS; HAART; HIV; elite suppressor; glycoprotein; glycoproteomics; immune activation; inflammation