title: C-reactive protein and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 in smokers and nonsmokers of the Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health study.
abstract: Measurement of high sensitivity CRP (hsCRP) and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (LpPLA2) provides information on systemic inflammation and stability of atherosclerotic plaques. Data analyzing the effect of smoking on these parameters are sparse. The aim of our study was the analysis of these parameters in active smokers and never-smokers. The study included 777 smokers and 1,178 never-smokers, of whom 221 and 302 died during a follow-up, respectively. The values of LpPLA2 and hsCRP were significantly higher in smokers than in never-smokers. Mortality was highest in smokers and never-smokers with elevation of both biomarkers. Multivariate adjusted hazard ratios for patients in the highest tertile of both hsCRP and LpPLA2 compared with patients in the lowest tertile of both markers were 1.85 (1.04-3.28) in never-smokers and 1.94 (1.10-3.45) in smokers. Our data confirmed the predictive value of hsCRP and LpPLA2. However, there were a relevant number of patients with an increase of only one of these parameters. Therefore, beside other risk factors for cardiovascular disease, both parameters should be determined at least in high risk patients.
authors.affiliation: Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Rheumatology), Medical Faculty of Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1, 68167, Mannheim, Germany, marcus.kleber@medma.uni-heidelberg.de.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Kleber
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Siekmeier
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Delgado
authors.forename: T B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Grammer
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Winkelmann
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Scharnagl
authors.forename: B O
authors.initials: BO
authors.lastname: Boehm
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: März
mesh_terms: D043203:1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D043203:1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase