title: Influence of epicardial and visceral fat on left ventricular diastolic and systolic functions in patients after myocardial infarction.
abstract: Obesity has been associated with subclinical left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction and increased risk of heart failure. Few data are available on the relative contribution of adiposity distribution and changes in myocardial structure and function. We evaluated the influence of visceral versus subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue and epicardial fat on LV diastolic function after acute myocardial infarction. One month after acute myocardial infarction, 225 consecutive patients were prospectively enrolled and underwent anthropometric evaluation, bioimpedance analysis, detailed echocardiography, and multidetector 64-slice computed tomography scan for quantification of epicardial fat volume (EFV) and of total, subcutaneous and visceral abdominal fat areas. We found a significant association between LV diastolic dysfunction parameters and body mass index, fat-mass percentage, and waist-to-height ratio. E' velocity and E/E' ratio were correlated with total and visceral abdominal fat (r = -0.27, p <0.001 and r = 0.21, p <0.01, respectively), but not with subcutaneous fat. After multivariate analysis, increasing EFV was associated with decreased E' velocity (adjusted β -0.11, 95% confidence interval -0.19 to -0.03; p <0.01) and increased E/E' ratio (adjusted β 0.19, 95% confidence interval 0.07 to 0.31, p <0.01). Patients with diastolic dysfunction showed higher EFV (116.7 ± 67.9 ml vs 93.0 ± 52.3 ml, p = 0.01), and there was a progressive increase in EFV according to diastolic dysfunction grades (p = 0.001). None of the adiposity parameters correlated with ejection fraction or S' velocities. In conclusion, in patients after myocardial infarction, impaired LV diastolic function was associated with increased adiposity, especially with visceral and central fat parameters. Increasing EFV was independently associated with worse LV diastolic function.
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Department, Gaia Hospital Center, Gaia, Portugal; Department of Physiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. Electronic address: fontes.carvalho@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fontes-Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fontes-Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Department, Gaia Hospital Center, Gaia, Portugal.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sampaio
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Department, Gaia Hospital Center, Gaia, Portugal.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mancio
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Department, Gaia Hospital Center, Gaia, Portugal.
authors.forename: Nuno
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bettencourt
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Department, Gaia Hospital Center, Gaia, Portugal.
authors.forename: Madalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rocha Gonçalves
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Department, Gaia Hospital Center, Gaia, Portugal.
authors.forename: Vasco
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gama
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Adelino
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leite-Moreira
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D050218:Body Fat Distribution; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003971:Diastole / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D061330:Multidetector Computed Tomography; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications*; D009765:Obesity / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010496:Pericardium / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology; D050151:Subcutaneous Fat / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D013599:Systole / Q000502:physiology; D014463:Ultrasonography; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*