title: Effects of different types of bedding materials on behavioral development in laboratory CD1 mice (Mus musculus).
abstract: Male and female mice were housed in cages, containing different types of bedding materials (wood flakes or pulp chips), from 4 weeks of age in the F0 generation to 11 weeks of age in the F1 generation; selected reproductive and neurobehavioral parameters were measured in the F1 generation. There were no adverse effects of bedding materials on litter size, litter weight, or sex ratios at the time of birth. With regard to behavioral development parameters, bedding materials did not influence any variables (p > 0.05) in both sexes. Regarding exploratory behavior in the F1 generation, number of defecations significantly varied (p = 0.0203) with bedding materials in males at 3 weeks of age. The number of horizontal activities also significantly varied (p = 0.0342) with bedding materials in males at 8 weeks of age. Multiple-T water maze performance data indicated that the time required was significantly shortened across trials in pulp chips group than wood flakes group in males (p = 0.0211). Moreover, all spontaneous behavior variables in males significantly varied with bedding materials, particularly the average time of movement was significantly different (p = 0.0037) in distance between parallel lines of types of bedding materials in the F1 generation. The present study shows that bedding materials influence the neurobehavioral development in mice.
authors.affiliation: Division of Toxicology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Toyohito
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ogata
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Inomata
authors.forename: Dai
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nakae
mesh_terms: D000822:Animal Husbandry / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D005106:Exploratory Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D008098:Litter Size / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D012726:Sexual Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D014934:Wood
keywords: bedding materials; behavioral development; exploratory behavior; maze learning; mice; movement activity; pulp chips; sex differences; spontaneous behavior; wood flakes