title: Determination of urine ionic composition with potentiometric multisensor system.
abstract: The ionic composition of urine is a good indicator of patient's general condition and allows for diagnostics of certain medical problems such as e.g., urolithiasis. Due to environmental factors and malnutrition the number of registered urinary tract cases continuously increases. Most of the methods currently used for urine analysis are expensive, quite laborious and require skilled personnel. The present work deals with feasibility study of potentiometric multisensor system of 18 ion-selective and cross-sensitive sensors as an analytical tool for determination of urine ionic composition. In total 136 samples from patients of Urolithiasis Laboratory and healthy people were analyzed by the multisensor system as well as by capillary electrophoresis as a reference method. Various chemometric approaches were implemented to relate the data from electrochemical measurements with the reference data. Logistic regression (LR) was applied for classification of samples into healthy and unhealthy producing reasonable misclassification rates. Projection on Latent Structures (PLS) regression was applied for quantitative analysis of ionic composition from potentiometric data. Mean relative errors of simultaneous prediction of sodium, potassium, ammonium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, sulfate, phosphate, urate and creatinine from multisensor system response were in the range 3-13% for independent test sets. This shows a good promise for development of a fast and inexpensive alternative method for urine analysis.
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, Mendeleev Center, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; Bioanalytical Laboratory CSU "Analytical Spectrometry", St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University, Box 27, Gzhatskaya Street 27, 198220 St. Petersburg, Russia; ITMO University, Kronverkskiy pr., 49, 197101 St. Peterssburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Irina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yaroshenko
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, Mendeleev Center, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; ITMO University, Kronverkskiy pr., 49, 197101 St. Peterssburg, Russia. Electronic address: d.kirsanov@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Dmitry
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kirsanov
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, Mendeleev Center, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Lyudmila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kartsova
authors.affiliation: Bioanalytical Laboratory CSU "Analytical Spectrometry", St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University, Box 27, Gzhatskaya Street 27, 198220 St. Petersburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Alla
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sidorova
authors.affiliation: Bioanalytical Laboratory CSU "Analytical Spectrometry", St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University, Box 27, Gzhatskaya Street 27, 198220 St. Petersburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Irina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Borisova
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, Mendeleev Center, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; ITMO University, Kronverkskiy pr., 49, 197101 St. Peterssburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Andrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Legin
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D007477:Ions / Q000652:urine*; D011199:Potentiometry / Q000379:methods*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D012015:Reference Standards; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000652:urine; D016482:Urinalysis / Q000379:methods*; D052878:Urolithiasis / Q000652:urine*
chemical_list: D007477:Ions; D014527:Uric Acid; D003404:Creatinine
keywords: Biochemical analysis of urine; Chemometrics; Electronic tongue; Potentiometric multisensor system; Urine ionic composition