title: Loss of infectivity of HIV-1 particles produced by mobile lymphocytes.
abstract: HIV-1 spreads by cell-free particles and through direct cell contacts. To discriminate between these two modes of dissemination, an assay in which the cells are cultured under shaking conditions impairing cell-to-cell transmission has been described. We addressed the impact of shaking on HIV-1 particle infectivity. Kinetics of HIV-1 infection in static or shaking conditions confirmed that HIV-1 replication is reduced in mobile lymphocyte T cells. Strikingly, the infectivity of viruses produced by mobile lymphocytes was dramatically reduced. In parallel, the amount of envelope protein present on these particles showed a continuous decrease over time. We conclude that inefficient HIV-1 replication in mobile lymphocytes in this experimental system is not only due to avoidance of viral cell-to-cell transfer but also to the loss of infectivity of the viral particles due to the alteration of the composition and functionality of the particles produced by these lymphocytes. It is important to take these observations into account when studying viral transmission under shaking conditions.
authors.affiliation: INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France; CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Maxime
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chazal
authors.affiliation: INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France; CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Patrycja
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nzounza
authors.affiliation: INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France; CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Claudine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pique
authors.affiliation: INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France; CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Bertha Cecilia
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Ramirez
mesh_terms: D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000821:virology; D002465:Cell Movement; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000821:virology*; D014771:Virion / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D014779:Virus Replication; D054299:env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D054299:env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus