title: Faecalibacterium prausnitzii inhibits interleukin-17 to ameliorate colorectal colitis in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It has been shown that Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (F. prausnitzii), one of the dominant intestinal bacterial flora, may protect colonic mucosa against the development of inflammation and subsequent inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), with the underlying mechanisms being unclear.
  
  
  METHODS
  The impacts of F. prausnitzii and its metabolites on IL-23/Th17/IL-17 pathway markers were determined in human monocytes and a rat model of colitis induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid. F. prausnitzii and its culture medium (containing complete metabolites) were used to treat the rats in vivo, as well as rat splenocytes and human monocytes in vitro. Inflammatory cytokines were measured in colon tissue, plasma and cell culture medium.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The culture supernatant of F. prausnitzii increased plasma anti-Th17 cytokines (IL-10 and IL-12)and suppressed IL-17 levels in both plasma and colonic mucosa, with ameliorated colonic colitis lesions. This inhibition of IL-17 release has also been observed in both rat splenocytes and human venous monocytes in vitro. The culture supernatant of F. prausnitzii also suppressed Th17 cell differentiation induced by cytokines (TGF-ß and IL-6) and bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) in vitro. The metabolites of F. prausnitzii in the culture supernatant exert a stronger anti-inflammatory effect than the bacterium itself. F. prausnitzii protected the colon mucosa against the development of IBD by its metabolites, suggesting a promising potential for the use of F. prausnitzii and its metabolic products in the treatment of IBD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China; Department of Digestive Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Mingming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Xinyun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Xiaotong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Yonghua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: School of Medical and Molecular Biosciences, Centre for Health Technology Faculty of Science, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Chenggong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D000068016:Eubacteriales / Q000502:physiology*; D003092:Colitis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003106:Colon / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012007:Rectum / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D058504:Th17 Cells / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D020381:Interleukin-17