title: Trauma exposure and cigarette smoking: the impact of negative affect and affect-regulatory smoking motives.
abstract: Cognitive-affective mechanisms related to the maintenance of smoking among trauma-exposed individuals are largely unknown. Cross-sectional data from trauma-exposed treatment-seeking smokers (n = 283) were utilized to test a series of multiple mediator models of trauma exposure and smoking, as mediated by the sequential effects of negative affect and affect-modulation smoking motives. The sequential effects of both mediators indirectly predicted the effect of greater trauma exposure types on nicotine dependence, a biochemical index of smoking, perceived barriers to smoking cessation, and greater withdrawal-related problems during past quit attempts. Negative affect and affect-modulation motives for smoking may contribute to the trauma-smoking association.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Psychology , University of Houston , Houston , Texas , USA.
authors.forename: Samantha G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Farris
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Zvolensky
authors.forename: Jean C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Beckham
authors.forename: Anka A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Vujanovic
authors.forename: Norman B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Schmidt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008016:Life Change Events; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008960:Models, Psychological; D009042:Motivation; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000523:psychology; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000523:psychology
keywords: PTSD; Trauma; negative affect; negative reinforcement; nicotine dependence; smoking