title: Assessing reprogramming by chimera formation and tetraploid complementation.
abstract: Pluripotent stem cells can be evaluated by pluripotent markers expression, embryoid body aggregation, teratoma formation, chimera contribution and even more, tetraploid complementation. Whether iPS cells in general are functionally equivalent to normal ESCs is difficult to establish. Here, we present the detailed procedure for chimera formation and tetraploid complementation, the most stringent criterion, to assessing pluripotency.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Bao-long
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001755:Blastocyst / Q000502:physiology*; D065150:Cellular Reprogramming; D002678:Chimera; D004624:Embryo Transfer / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005821:Genetic Techniques; D057026:Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells; D051379:Mice; D008846:Micromanipulation; D039904:Pluripotent Stem Cells; D011247:Pregnancy; D057891:Tetraploidy