title: Use of different organic wastes as strategy to mitigate the leaching potential of phenylurea herbicides through the soil.
abstract: In this study, the leaching of 14 substituted phenylurea herbicides (PUHs) through disturbed soil columns packed with three different soils was investigated in order to determine their potential for groundwater pollution. Simultaneously, a series of experiments were conducted to demonstrate the effect of four different organic wastes (composted sheep manure (CSM), composted pine bark (CPB), spent coffee grounds (SCG) and coir (CR)) on their mobility. All herbicides, except difenoxuron, showed medium/high leachability through the unamended soils. In general, addition of agro-industrial and composted organic wastes at a rate of 10% (w/w) increased the adsorption of PUHs and decreased their mobility in the soil, reducing their leaching. In all cases, the groundwater ubiquity score (GUS) index was calculated for each herbicide on the basis of its persistence (as t ½) and mobility (as K OC). The results obtained point to the interest in the use of agro-industrial and composted organic wastes in reducing the risk of groundwater pollution by pesticide drainage.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDA), C/ Mayor s/n, La Alberca, 30150, Murcia, Spain, jose.fenoll@carm.es.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fenoll
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Garrido
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hellín
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Flores
authors.forename: Nuria
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vela
authors.forename: Simón
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Navarro
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000818:Animals; D040503:Coffea; D004787:Environmental Pollution; D060587:Groundwater; D006540:Herbicides / Q000737:chemistry*; D008031:Lignin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D008372:Manure; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D028223:Pinus; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry*; D012639:Seeds; D012756:Sheep; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry*; D062611:Solid Waste
chemical_list: D006540:Herbicides; D008372:Manure; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D062611:Solid Waste; C507903:coir; D008031:Lignin