title: Chemoenzymatic synthesis of spinosyn A.
abstract: Following the biosynthesis of polyketide backbones by polyketide synthases (PKSs), post-PKS modifications result in a significantly elevated level of structural complexity that renders the chemical synthesis of these natural products challenging. We report herein a total synthesis of the widely used polyketide insecticide spinosyn A by exploiting the prowess of both chemical and enzymatic methods. As more polyketide biosynthetic pathways are characterized, this chemoenzymatic approach is expected to become readily adaptable to streamlining the synthesis of other complex polyketides with more elaborate post-PKS modifications.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712 (USA); Department of Chemistry, Korea University (Republic of Korea).
authors.forename: Hak Joong
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sei-hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Byung-sun
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.forename: Namho
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Rongson
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pongdee
authors.forename: Qingquan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Hung-wen
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D053898:Biosynthetic Pathways; D007306:Insecticides / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D018942:Macrolides / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D048630:Polyketide Synthases / Q000378:metabolism*; D016930:Saccharopolyspora / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D018942:Macrolides; C114883:spinosyn A; D048630:Polyketide Synthases
keywords: biosynthesis; polyketide macrolides; post-polyketide synthase modifications; spinosyns; total synthesis