title: Micro-RNA expression in hypoplastic left heart syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression through interaction with the 3'UTR of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs). The role of miRNAs has been extensively studied in adult human and nonhuman animal models of heart disease. Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is the most common form of severe congenital heart disease and is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in infants and children. The objective of this work was to analyze the miRNA profile in HLHS patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  miRNA profile was determined in the right ventricle with the use of miRNA array, and expression was validated with the use of reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Based on bioinformatics analysis, targets were selected and their expression analyzed with the use of RT-PCR.We found that the miRNA profile of HLHS is novel, with few similarities between pediatric and adult idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Moreover, our analysis identified putative targets for these miRNAs that are known to be important for cardiac development and disease, and that miRNAs and their putative targets are antithetically regulated. We also found that miRNA expression changes with stage of surgery, suggesting that volume unloading of the ventricle has important consequences for gene expression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest a unique miRNA profile for HLHS that may be associated with defects in cardiac development and disease.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Denver Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado. Electronic address: kika.sucharov@ucdenver.edu.
authors.forename: Carmen C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Sucharov
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Research Program, Children's Hospital Colorado.
authors.forename: Juliana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sucharov
authors.affiliation: Center for Computational Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado.
authors.forename: Anis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karimpour-Fard
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Denver Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado.
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nunley
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Denver Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado; Division of Cardiology, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Denver, Colorado.
authors.forename: Brian L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Stauffer
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado. Electronic address: shelley.miyamoto@childrenscolorado.org.
authors.forename: Shelley D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D018636:Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: HLHS; miRNA