title: Infected pseudoaneurysms in intravenous drug abusers: Ligation or reconstruction?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Infected pseudoaneurysm in intravenous (IV) drug abusers is a serious clinical problem, with difficult and controversial management. With existing controversies regarding their optimal management, we present the results of simple ligation and local debridement for treatment of infected pseudoaneurysms.
  
  
  METHODS
  Records of 72 consecutive patients with pseudoaneurysms in IV drug abusers over the last 20 years were reviewed retrospectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ligation and excision of pseudoaneurysm was done in all patients with delayed revascularization in only two patients. Four patients had amputations because they had gangrenous limbs on presentation. All other patients had healthy limbs at the time of discharge. There were three deaths, two due to sepsis with multiorgan dysfunction and one with hemorrhagic shock.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Infected pseudoaneurysm should be managed by simple ligation of involved artery with delayed revascularization, if required.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
authors.forename: Navdeep Singh
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Saini
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
authors.forename: Anil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Luther
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mahajan
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
authors.forename: Allen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Joseph
keywords: Delayed revascularization; drug abuser; infected pseudoaneurysm; ligation