title: Increased infection rates of sinus floor elevations after the use of a bone filter.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The collection of bone debris during the preparation of sinus floor augmentations is a commonly used technique for avoiding autologous bone transplants and thereby reducing donor site morbidity. However, the collected bone debris has a higher risk of bacterial contamination. The aim of this retrospective study was to analyse whether the use of a bone filter had an impact on the infection rates after sinus floor augmentation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis was conducted of 340 sinus floor elevations (136 using a bone filter) in 249 patients. The sinus floor elevations were performed with the lateral approach.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Localised infection occurred in 7.0 % (24 of 340) of the sinus floor elevations. In 40.0 % of the cases, a bone filter was used, and in this group, the infection rate was 13.0 %. In the control group, the infection rate was 4.0 %. One hundred one patients received bone transplants from the iliac crest, and these patients had a lower infection rate of 2.0 %. Stepwise factor reduction, according to Akaike, showed the use of a bone filter to be the most relevant factor for postoperative infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To reduce the amount of bacteria, full-mouth disinfection with chemical agents and a strict aspiration protocol should be used when a bone filter is applied. Antibiotic prophylaxis should be prescribed to reduce the risk of postoperative infections further.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In use of a bone filter, there is the possibility of higher infection rates of sinus floor augmentations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, Haus 26, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Nicolai M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Purcz
authors.forename: Falk
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Birkenfeld
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oetke
authors.forename: Marcus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Will
authors.forename: Larissa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Purcz
authors.forename: Volker
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gaßling
authors.forename: Yahya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Acil
authors.forename: Joerg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wiltfang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D004203:Disinfection / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007085:Ilium / Q000637:transplantation; D008297:Male; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D059546:Sinus Floor Augmentation / Q000379:methods*; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014025:Titanium
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D014025:Titanium