title: Mild disintegration of the green microalgae Chlorella vulgaris using bead milling.
abstract: In this work, the mild disintegration of the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris for the release of intracellular products has been studied. By means of bead milling the microalgae suspensions were successfully disintegrated at different biomass concentrations (25-145 gDW kg(-1)) over a range of agitator speeds (6-12 m s(-1)). In all cases over 97% of cell disintegration was achieved resulting in a release of water soluble proteins. A clear optimum rate of disintegration and protein release was observed at an agitator speed of 9-10 m s(-1) regardless of the biomass concentration. Selective extraction of water soluble proteins was observed as proteins released sooner than cell disintegration took place. Proteins could be released at 85% lower energy input than for cell disintegration resulting in specific energy consumptions well below 2.5 kWh kgDW(-1).
authors.affiliation: Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, PO Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: richard.postma@wur.nl.
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Postma
authors.affiliation: Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, PO Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Miron
authors.affiliation: Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, PO Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Olivieri
authors.affiliation: Food & Biobased Research, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University and Research Centre, PO Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Barbosa
authors.affiliation: Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, PO Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands; University of Nordland, Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, N-8049 Bodø, Norway.
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Wijffels
authors.affiliation: Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, PO Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M H M
authors.initials: MHM
authors.lastname: Eppink
mesh_terms: D020418:Algal Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018533:Biomass; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D002458:Cell Fractionation; D048408:Chlorella vulgaris / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D058086:Microalgae / Q000378:metabolism*; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D013816:Thermodynamics
chemical_list: D020418:Algal Proteins
keywords: Bead mill; Cell disintegration; Chlorella vulgaris; Mild biorefinery; Protein