title: Genetic modification of the effect of maternal household air pollution exposure on birth weight in Guatemalan newborns.
abstract: Low birth weight is associated with exposure to air pollution during pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether null polymorphisms of Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), specifically GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes in infants or mothers, modify the association between high exposures to household air pollution (HAP) from cooking fires and birth weight. Pregnant women in rural Guatemala were randomized to receive a chimney stove or continue to use open fires for cooking. Newborns were measured within 48 h of birth. 132 mother-infant pairs provided infant genotypes (n=130) and/or maternal genotypes (n=116). Maternal null GSTM1 was associated with a 144 g (95% CI, -291, 1) and combined maternal/infant null GSTT1 was associated with a 155 g (95% CI, -303, -8) decrease in birth weight. Although there was a trend toward higher birth weights with increasing number of expressed GST genes, the effect modification by chimney stove use was not demonstrated.
authors.affiliation: Family Health Care Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, 2 Koret Way, Box 0606, San Francisco, CA 94143-0606, United States. Electronic address: lisa.thompson@nursing.ucsf.edu.
authors.forename: Lisa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.affiliation: Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, 50 University Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720-7360, United States.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yousefi
authors.affiliation: Family Health Care Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, 2 Koret Way, Box 0606, San Francisco, CA 94143-0606, United States.
authors.forename: Reneé
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Peñaloza
authors.affiliation: Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, 50 University Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720-7360, United States; Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, United States.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Balmes
authors.affiliation: Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, 50 University Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720-7360, United States.
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Holland
mesh_terms: D000397:Air Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001724:Birth Weight; D005260:Female; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D005982:Glutathione Transferase; C413545:glutathione S-transferase T1
keywords: Genetic susceptibility; Gene–environment interaction; Glutathione S-transferase; Low birth weight; RESPIRE/CRECER studies; Woodsmoke