title: MMPI-2-RF characteristics of individuals with interstitial cystitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to describe the psychological functioning of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome patients utilizing MMPI-2-RF scoring.
  
  
  METHODS
  The MMPI-2 was administered to 60 individuals who reported a diagnosis of IC. Responses were scored in the MMPI-2-RF format. Fifty-one protocols were deemed valid.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Elevations were discovered on scales FBS-r (symptom validity), RC1 (somatic complaints), and MLS (malaise). Participants were split into two groups based on extreme elevations on RC1; the high RC1 group produced higher scores on 39 scales including clinically significant elevations on 17 scales.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Over 25% of this sample had an emotional component to their physical concerns. This knowledge about the psychological characteristics of IC patients may have clinical utility for physicians and other treatment providers. The results argue strongly for psychological evaluation as a component of IC diagnosis and treatment. Those with significant emotional overlay to their somatic complaints may be best managed through psychological interventions and minimally invasive treatments.
authors.affiliation: School of Professional Psychology at Forest Institute, United States. Electronic address: rlfazio@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Rachel L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Fazio
authors.affiliation: School of Professional Psychology at Forest Institute, United States.
authors.forename: Ted
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wunderlich
authors.affiliation: School of Professional Psychology at Forest Institute, United States.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.affiliation: School of Professional Psychology at Forest Institute, United States.
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akeson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D059350:Chronic Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D018856:Cystitis, Interstitial / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008950:MMPI; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010551:Personality; D010552:Personality Assessment
keywords: Bladder pain syndrome; Interstitial cystitis; MMPI-2-RF; Somatic complaints; Somatoform disorder