title: Managing fetuses at high risk of retinoblastoma: lesion detection on screening MRI.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to describe tumour identification on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a 35-week fetus with familial retinoblastoma (RB) and report the use of prenatal ultrasound (US) and MRI screening in the management of fetuses at high risk of RB.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a retrospective review of the prenatal course and immediate postnatal findings in all children considered at high risk of RB who had prenatal imaging with both US and MRI at our institution over a 5-year period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five patients met the inclusion criteria. No lesions were identified on US in any patients. Fetal MRI identified bilateral posterior pole lesions in one patient at 35 weeks' gestation. Of the four remaining patients, three developed lesions by 5 weeks of age. Only one fetus was delivered early following detection of RB.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We present the first reported case of RB detected in a high-risk fetus on screening MRI at 35 weeks' gestation. A protocol for screening this population using both imaging modalities is presented.
authors.affiliation: The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Sandra E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Staffieri
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: McGillivray
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Elder
authors.forename: Amber
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bristowe
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cole
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: McKenzie
authors.forename: A Michelle
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Fink
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis; D019572:Retinal Neoplasms / Q000151:congenital* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D012175:Retinoblastoma / Q000151:congenital* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein / Q000235:genetics; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein