title: Thermoase-derived flaxseed protein hydrolysates and membrane ultrafiltration peptide fractions have systolic blood pressure-lowering effects in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
abstract: Thermoase-digested flaxseed protein hydrolysate (FPH) samples and ultrafiltration membrane-separated peptide fractions were initially evaluated for in vitro inhibition of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) and renin activities. The two most active FPH samples and their corresponding peptide fractions were subsequently tested for in vivo antihypertensive activity in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The FPH produced with 3% thermoase digestion showed the highest ACE- and renin-inhibitory activities. Whereas membrane ultrafiltration resulted in significant (p < 0.05) increases in ACE inhibition by the <1 and 1-3 kDa peptides, only a marginal improvement in renin-inhibitory activity was observed for virtually all the samples after membrane ultrafiltration. The FPH samples and membrane fractions were also effective in lowering systolic blood pressure (SBP) in SHR with the largest effect occurring after oral administration (200 mg/kg body weight) of the 1-3 kDa peptide fraction of the 2.5% FPH and the 3-5 kDa fraction of the 3% FPH. Such potent SBP-lowering capacity indicates the potential of flaxseed protein-derived bioactive peptides as ingredients for the formulation of antihypertensive functional foods and nutraceuticals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. nwachuki@myumanitoba.ca.
authors.forename: Ifeanyi D
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Nwachukwu
authors.affiliation: Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. umgirgia@myumanitoba.ca.
authors.forename: Abraham T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Girgih
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. malomos@myumanitoba.ca.
authors.forename: Sunday A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Malomo
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. onuhj@myumanitoba.ca.
authors.forename: John O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Onuh
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. Rotimi.Aluko@umanitoba.ca.
authors.forename: Rotimi E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Aluko
mesh_terms: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D019597:Flax / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D014462:Ultrafiltration; D000092502:Renin Inhibitors
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010940:Plant Proteins; D000092502:Renin Inhibitors