title: [A 53-year-old man with herpes encephalitis showing acceleration of improvement in higher brain function after general anesthesia with sevoflurane: a case report].
abstract: We experienced a right-handed 53-year-old man who presented with disturbance of consciousness and fever. Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) was diagnosed based on the detection of herpes simplex virus DNA in the cerebrospinal fluid. The administration of acyclovir for 42 days improved his consciousness level. Drowsiness, fever and seizures reappeared 20 days after stopping acyclovir treatment (day 67) and he responded well to vidarabine and methylprednisolone pulse therapy. An assessment of aphasia on day 98 revealed transcortical sensory aphasia. Brain MRI showed lesion in the left temporal lobe, bilateral insular cortexes and bilateral frontal lobe. His higher brain dysfunction continued. On day 156, he underwent hip replacement arthroplasty under general anesthesia sevoflurane. His higher brain dysfunction rapidly improved thereafter. We concluded that the accelerated improvement in our patient's higher brain function was related to the protective effect of sevoflurane. Some reports also show the protective effects of sevoflurane in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis by inhibition of T cell activation. These protective and anti-inflammatory effects may explain the accelerated improvement in higher brain function after general anesthesia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, National Defense Medical College.
authors.forename: Naohiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Togashi
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaida
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hongo
authors.forename: Go
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Yukinobu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Katsuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kamakura
mesh_terms: D000212:Acyclovir / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000768:Anesthesia, General; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019644:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip; D015415:Biomarkers; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D020803:Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008875:Middle Aged; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D020551:Pulse Therapy, Drug; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D018139:Simplexvirus / Q000235:genetics; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014740:Vidarabine / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D004279:DNA, Viral; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D014740:Vidarabine; D000212:Acyclovir; D008775:Methylprednisolone