title: Opioid receptors: methods for detection and their modes of actions in the eye.
abstract: This study provides evidence for the presence of opioid-receptors in the retina, optic nerve, and optic nerve head astrocytes. These receptors were measured by more than one technique including Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and functional assays such as scotopic electroretinogram (ERG) and Pattern ERG. I also have provided evidence in recently published work from my laboratory that opioid receptors, more specifically δ-opioid receptors, play crucial roles in retina neuroprotection against ischemic and glaucomatous injuries. This chapter provides detailed procedures to measure opioid receptor activation and their roles in retina neuroprotection using functional assays such as scotopic ERG and pattern ERG.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Hewitt Laboratory of the Ola B. Williams Glaucoma Center, Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Room 713, 167 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA, Husain@musc.edu.
authors.forename: Shahid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Husain
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D005123:Eye / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D009898:Optic Disk / Q000378:metabolism; D009900:Optic Nerve / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011957:Receptors, Opioid / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D012160:Retina / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D011957:Receptors, Opioid