title: Folic acid supplementation and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene variations in relation to in vitro fertilization pregnancy outcome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study folic acid intake, folate status and pregnancy outcome after infertility treatment in women with different infertility diagnoses in relation to methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677C>T, 1298A>C and 1793G>A polymorphisms. Also the use of folic acid supplements, folate status and the frequency of different gene variations were studied in women undergoing infertility treatment and fertile women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women undergoing infertility treatment and healthy, fertile, non-pregnant women.
  
  
  METHODS
  A questionnaire was used to assess general background data and use of dietary supplements. Blood samples were taken to determine plasma folate and homocysteine levels, and for genomic DNA extraction. A comparison of four studies was performed to assess pregnancy outcome in relation to MTHFR 677 TT vs. CC, and 1298 CC vs. AA polymorphisms.
  
  
  METHODS
  Folic acid supplement intake, and plasma folate, homocysteine and genomic assays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Women in the infertility group used significantly more folic acid supplements and had better folate status than fertile women, but pregnancy outcome after fertility treatment was not dependent on folic acid intake, folate status or MTHFR gene variations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High folic acid intakes and MTHFR gene variations seem not to be associated with helping women to achieve pregnancy during or after fertility treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Tiina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Murto
authors.forename: Theodora K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Kallak
authors.forename: Annica
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hoas
authors.forename: Signe
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Altmäe
authors.forename: Andres
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Salumets
authors.forename: Torbjörn K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.forename: Agneta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Skoog Svanberg
authors.forename: Kjell
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wånggren
authors.forename: Agneta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yngve
authors.forename: Anneli
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stavreus-Evers
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy; D042965:Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2) / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012016:Reference Values; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013548:Sweden; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D005492:Folic Acid; D042965:Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2)
keywords: Folate; folic acid; homocysteine; infertility; methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase; pregnancy outcome