title: Transcriptomic and proteomic analysis reveals mechanisms of embryo abortion during chrysanthemum cross breeding.
abstract: Embryo abortion is the main cause of failure in chrysanthemum cross breeding, and the genes and proteins associated with embryo abortion are poorly understood. Here, we applied RNA sequencing and isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) to analyse transcriptomic and proteomic profiles of normal and abortive embryos. More than 68,000 annotated unigenes and 700 proteins were obtained from normal and abortive embryos. Functional analysis showed that 140 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 41 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were involved in embryo abortion. Most DEGs and DEPs associated with cell death, protein degradation, reactive oxygen species scavenging, and stress-response transcriptional factors were significantly up-regulated in abortive embryos relative to normal embryos. In contrast, most genes and proteins related to cell division and expansion, the cytoskeleton, protein synthesis and energy metabolism were significantly down-regulated in abortive embryos. Furthermore, abortive embryos had the highest activity of three executioner caspase-like enzymes. These results indicate that embryo abortion may be related to programmed cell death and the senescence- or death-associated genes or proteins contribute to embryo abortion. This adds to our understanding of embryo abortion and will aid in the cross breeding of chrysanthemum and other crops in the future.
authors.affiliation: 1] College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China [2] Jiangsu Province Engineering Lab for Modern Facility Agriculture Technology &Equipment, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Fengjiao
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Zhiquan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: China Rural Technology Development Center, Beijing 100045, China.
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Chunqing
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Haibin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Aiping
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Lizhong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Weimin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: 1] College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China [2] Jiangsu Province Engineering Lab for Modern Facility Agriculture Technology &Equipment, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Fadi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: 1] College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China [2] Jiangsu Province Engineering Lab for Modern Facility Agriculture Technology &Equipment, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Nianjun
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Teng
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D001947:Breeding; D031202:Chrysanthemum / Q000196:embryology / Q000235:genetics*; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D040901:Proteomics; D012639:Seeds / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins