title: Assessment of tolerance induction by Origanum vulgare L. essential oil or carvacrol in Pseudomonas aeruginosa cultivated in a meat-based broth and in a meat model.
abstract: This study assessed the efficacy of Origanum vulgare L. essential oil (OVEO) and carvacrol in inhibiting the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027, as well as the development of direct tolerance and cross-tolerance when this bacterium was challenged with sublethal amounts of these substances in a meat-based broth and in a meat model. OVEO and carvacrol at their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), 1/2 MIC and 1/4 MIC decreased the viable cell counts of P. aeruginosa in meat-based broth. Direct tolerance or cross-tolerance was not induced after exposure of the assayed bacterial strain to sublethal amounts of OVEO or carvacrol in meat-based broth and in an artificially contaminated ground beef. Bacterial cells progressively subcultured in meat-based broth with increasing amounts of the tested substances survived up to the MIC of OVEO and to 1/2 MIC of carvacrol. The results reveal a lack of induction of tolerance in P. aeruginosa by exposure to OVEO or carvacrol in meat-based broth and in a meat model.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food Microbiology, Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: da Silva Luz
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food Microbiology, Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.
authors.forename: Nelson Justino
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Gomes-Neto
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiological Processes in Foods, Department of Food Engineering, Center of Technology, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil magnani2@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Marciane
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Magnani
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food Microbiology, Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.
authors.forename: Evandro Leite
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: de Souza
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002417:Cattle; D000081007:Cymenes; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005516:Food Microbiology; D008460:Meat / Q000382:microbiology*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D050296:Microbial Viability / Q000187:drug effects; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000081007:Cymenes; D039821:Monoterpenes; D009822:Oils, Volatile; C029292:origanum oil; C073316:carvacrol
keywords: Oregano; Pseudomonas; antimicrobial; meat; tolerance