title: Prevalence of insulin resistance in siblings of type 2 diabetics of north west punjabi population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Insulin resistance a physiological condition is marked by hyperglycemia and failure of cells to respond to normal action thus hyperinsulinemia. It is prevalent in individuals having genetic predisposition and family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Physically inactive individuals having sedentary life style are also at a risk of developing insulin resistance.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present study was planned to observe the prevalence of insulin resistance or pre diabetes in various age groups of North West Punjabi population.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 400 families comprising of 1159 offsprings of diabetic patients and siblings amongst each were included in the present study. All these 400 families had history of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the present or past generation. Written consent was taken from the head of the family for inclusion in the study. Fasting samples were collected and analysed for Glucose, Glycosylated Hb, complete lipid profile, Insulin and c-peptide. Body mass index, waist hip ratio and HOMA-IR were calculated. Comparison of mean of various parameters was done using student t-test. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied for comparison between groups followed by Bonferroni post hoc analysis. Pearson's correlation method was used for quantitative variables. Statistical significance was defined as p<0.05 (two tailed).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prevalence of impaired fasting glucose both in males and females increased with advancing age. Hyperglycemia along with hyperinsulinemia, hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia was observed in individuals having impaired fasting glucose. Individuals belonging to age group of >18-35 years were more prone to insulin resistance as compared to other age groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Insulin resistance at a young age of 18-35 years predisposes these individuals to coronary events. Females in reproductive years are more prone to insulin resistance or pre diabetes as compared to males of the same age group.
authors.affiliation: Lecturer, Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College , Amritsar, India .
authors.forename: Sukhraj
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaur
authors.affiliation: Professor and Head, Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College , Amritsar, India .
authors.forename: Mridula
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mahajan
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Medicine, Government Medical College , Amritsar, India .
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Bal
keywords: Diabetics; Family history; Insulin resistance; North west punjabi population; Siblings