title: A novel "Turn-On" fluorescent probe for F(-) detection in aqueous solution and its application in live-cell imaging.
abstract: A novel probe incorporating quaternized 4-pyridinium group into a BODIPY molecule was synthesized and studied for the selective detection of fluoride ions (F(-)) in aqueous solution. The design was based on a fluoride-specific desilylation reaction and the "Turn-On" fluorescent response of probe 1 to F(-) was ascribed to the inhibition of photoinduced electron transfer (PET) process. The probe displayed many desired properties such as high specificity, appreciable solubility, desirable response time and low toxicity to mammalian cells. There was a good linearity between the fluorescence intensity and the concentrations of F(-) in the range of 0.1-1mM with a detection limit of 0.02 mM. The sensing mechanism was confirmed by the NMR, electrospray ionization mass spectrum, optical spectroscopy and the mechanism of "Turn-On" fluorescent response was also determinated by a density functional theory (DFT) calculation using Gaussian 03 program. Moreover, the probe was successfully applied for the fluorescence imaging of F(-) in human epithelial lung cancer (A549) cells and alveolar type II (ATII) cells under physiological conditions.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, PR China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
authors.forename: Shaobo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yue
authors.affiliation: Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
authors.forename: Yingdong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China. Electronic address: sjshao@licp.cas.cn.
authors.forename: Shijun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shao
mesh_terms: D001896:Boron Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry*; D005459:Fluorides / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D061848:Optical Imaging / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: C095489:4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene; D001896:Boron Compounds; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D005459:Fluorides
keywords: A549 and ATII cells; DFT calculation; Fluoride ions sensing; Live-cell imaging; “Turn-On” fluorescent probe