title: Abnormalities in extracellular glycine and glutamate levels in the striatum of sandy mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Glycine regulates glutamatergic neurotransmission, and several papers have reported the relationship between glycine and schizophrenia. The dysbindin-1 (DTNBP1: dystrobrevin-binding protein 1) gene is related to glutamatergic neurotransmission and has been found to be a strong candidate gene for schizophrenia. In this study, we clarified the relationship between dysbindin, glutamate, and glycine with in vivo microdialysis methods.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured extracellular glycine and glutamate levels in the striatum of sandy (sdy) mice using in vivo microdialysis methods. Sdy mice express no dysbindin protein owing to a deletion in the dysbindin-1 gene. In addition, we measured changes in those amino acids after methamphetamine (METH) administration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The basal levels of extracellular glycine and glutamate in the striatum of sdy mice were elevated. These extracellular glutamate levels decreased gradually after METH administration and were not subsequently different from those of wild-type mice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that dysbindin might modulate glycine and glutamate release in vivo.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kitaichi
authors.affiliation: 2 Molecular Research Center for Children's Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryota
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Abekawa
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Aya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kakuta
authors.affiliation: 4 Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hattori
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Tsukasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koyama