title: The latest progress in research on triple negative breast cancer (TNBC): risk factors, possible therapeutic targets and prognostic markers.
abstract: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one type of breast cancer (BC), which is defined as negative for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (Her2). Its origins and development seem to be elusive. And for now, drugs like tamoxifen or trastuzumab which specifically apply to ER, PR or Her2 positive BC seem unforeseeable in TNBC clinical treatment. Due to its extreme malignancy, high recurrence rate and poor prognosis, a lot of work on the research of TNBC is needed. This review aims to summarize the latest findings in TNBC in risk factors, possible therapeutic targets and possible prognostic makers.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China ; 2 Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China ; 3 Department of Breast Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
authors.forename: Qingli
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China ; 2 Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China ; 3 Department of Breast Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
authors.forename: Aiguo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China ; 2 Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China ; 3 Department of Breast Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
authors.forename: Guoli
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China ; 2 Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China ; 3 Department of Breast Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
authors.forename: Haoyu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China ; 2 Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China ; 3 Department of Breast Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
authors.forename: Mengchuan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China ; 2 Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China ; 3 Department of Breast Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
authors.forename: Shufeng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China ; 2 Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China ; 3 Department of Breast Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China ; 2 Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China ; 3 Department of Breast Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
keywords: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC); prognostic marker; risk factor; therapeutic target