title: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometrics for discrimination of Curcuma longa, Curcuma xanthorrhiza and Zingiber cassumunar.
abstract: Turmeric (Curcuma longa), java turmeric (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) and cassumunar ginger (Zingiber cassumunar) are widely used in traditional Indonesian medicines (jamu). They have similar color for their rhizome and possess some similar uses, so it is possible to substitute one for the other. The identification and discrimination of these closely-related plants is a crucial task to ensure the quality of the raw materials. Therefore, an analytical method which is rapid, simple and accurate for discriminating these species using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) combined with some chemometrics methods was developed. FTIR spectra were acquired in the mid-IR region (4000-400 cm(-1)). Standard normal variate, first and second order derivative spectra were compared for the spectral data. Principal component analysis (PCA) and canonical variate analysis (CVA) were used for the classification of the three species. Samples could be discriminated by visual analysis of the FTIR spectra by using their marker bands. Discrimination of the three species was also possible through the combination of the pre-processed FTIR spectra with PCA and CVA, in which CVA gave clearer discrimination. Subsequently, the developed method could be used for the identification and discrimination of the three closely-related plant species.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Jalan Agatis Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Eti
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rohaeti
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Jalan Agatis Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia; Biopharmaca Research Center - Research and Community Empowerment Institute, Bogor Agricultural University, Jalan Taman Kencana No. 3 Kampus IPB Taman Kencana, Bogor 16128, Indonesia. Electronic address: mra@ipb.ac.id.
authors.forename: Mohamad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rafi
authors.affiliation: Department of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Jalan Meranti Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Utami Dyah
authors.initials: UD
authors.lastname: Syafitri
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Jalan Agatis Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia; Biopharmaca Research Center - Research and Community Empowerment Institute, Bogor Agricultural University, Jalan Taman Kencana No. 3 Kampus IPB Taman Kencana, Bogor 16128, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Rudi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Heryanto
mesh_terms: D030024:Curcuma / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D030521:Zingiberaceae / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification
keywords: C. longa; C. xanthorrhiza; Chemometrics; Discrimination; FTIR; Z. cassumunar