title: Stem cell signaling. An integral program for tissue renewal and regeneration: Wnt signaling and stem cell control.
abstract: Stem cells fuel tissue development, renewal, and regeneration, and these activities are controlled by the local stem cell microenvironment, the "niche." Wnt signals emanating from the niche can act as self-renewal factors for stem cells in multiple mammalian tissues. Wnt proteins are lipid-modified, which constrains them to act as short-range cellular signals. The locality of Wnt signaling dictates that stem cells exiting the Wnt signaling domain differentiate, spatially delimiting the niche in certain tissues. In some instances, stem cells may act as or generate their own niche, enabling the self-organization of patterned tissues. In this Review, we discuss the various ways by which Wnt operates in stem cell control and, in doing so, identify an integral program for tissue renewal and regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), University Medical Centre Utrecht and CancerGenomics.nl, 3584CT Utrecht, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Clevers
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Kyle M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Loh
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. rnusse@stanford.edu.
authors.forename: Roel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nusse
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology; D002455:Cell Division; D018859:Hair Follicle / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000502:physiology; D042361:Mammary Glands, Human / Q000502:physiology; D012038:Regeneration / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D055153:Stem Cell Niche / Q000502:physiology; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D051153:Wnt Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D051153:Wnt Proteins