title: Opioid-induced respiratory depression in the acute care setting: a compendium of case reports.
abstract: Opioid-induced respiratory depression (OIRD) is a potentially fatal complication of treatment with opioids. Little is known about patient- and case-related factors associated with OIRD. One-hundred-and-five available case reports on OIRD in 134 patients (12 years and older) in the perioperative, obstetric or emergency care setting, published since 1980, were retrieved from the literature. The most frequently reported case-related factors were: morphine use, perioperative setting and obstetrics, neuraxial or intravenous administration. The most frequently reported patient-related factors involved were: female gender, sleep-disordered breathing, obesity, renal impairment, pulmonary disease and CYP450 enzyme polymorphisms. While the analysis has limitations, it confirms that OIRD in the acute setting involves complex and interrelated factors and is a significant cause of preventable morbidity and mortality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine, Hempstead, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Overdyk
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dahan
authors.forename: Margot
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roozekrans
authors.forename: Rutger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: van der Schrier
authors.forename: Leon
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Aarts
authors.forename: Marieke
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Niesters
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019990:Perioperative Care; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid
keywords: analgesia; case report; case series; mortality; opioid-induced respiratory depression; opioids; perioperative complications; respiratory depression