title: Risk prediction of contrast-induced nephropathy by ACEF score in patients undergoing coronary catheterization.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the ability of the ACEF score to predict the incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients undergoing coronary angiography with or without percutaneous coronary intervention.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 706 patients undergoing coronary angiography ± percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) between March 2011 and October 2011 were analyzed. CIN using different definitions was termed as CINnarrow (rise in serum creatinine ≥0.5 mg/dl) and CINbroad (rise in serum creatinine ≥0.5 mg/dl and/or ≥25% increase in baseline serum creatinine).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean ACEF score was 1.5 ± 0.6. Overall incidences of CINnarrow and CINbroad were 5.5% and 13.6%, respectively. There was a significant gradient in the incidence of CINnarrow (2.9%, 3.9%, 10.6% in the I, II, and III tertiles, respectively, P < 0.001) and CINbroad (9.1%, 14.2%, 17.9% in the I, II, and III tertiles, respectively, P = 0.021) across increasing ACEF tertiles. The ACEF score was independently associated with the risk of CINnarrow (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.0-2.7; P = 0.047). Discrimination was more satisfactory when using the ACEF as a predictor of CINnarrow (c-statistic 0.71, 95% 0.63-0.79).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ACEF score is an independent and potentially useful predictor of CIN defined as rise in serum creatinine ≥0.5 mg/dl.
authors.affiliation: aFerrarotto Hospital, University of Catania bETNA Foundation, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Davide
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Capodanno
authors.forename: Margherita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ministeri
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dipasqua
authors.forename: Veronica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dalessandro
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cumbo
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gargiulo
authors.forename: Corrado
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tamburino
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007558:Italy; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D062645:Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012372:ROC Curve; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D003404:Creatinine