title: Outcome after epilepsy surgery for cortical dysplasia in children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Epilepsy surgery for medically refractory epilepsy secondary to cortical dysplasia in children poses special challenges. We aim to review the current available literature on the outcome after epilepsy surgery for cortical dysplasia in children and critically evaluate the prognostic predictors of outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  A comprehensive review of the literature was performed focusing on the outcome after epilepsy surgery for cortical dysplasia in children. Two large recent meta-analyses that included children and adults and several pediatric series of cortical dysplasia in children were reviewed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The overall seizure freedom rates range from 40 to 73 %, at about 2 years after surgery; most studies report 50-55% success rate. Complete resection of the epileptogenic lesion/zone remains the most important variable predictive of postoperative seizure freedom. Features unique to cortical dysplasia that limits our ability to ensure complete resection of the epileptogenic zone are reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Section of Pediatric Epilepsy, Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Desk S-51, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA, naduvia@ccf.org.
authors.forename: Ahsan N V
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Moosa
authors.forename: Ajay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gupta
mesh_terms: D016206:Databases, Bibliographic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004172:Diplopia / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D010372:Pediatrics; D016896:Treatment Outcome