title: Influence of process parameters on content uniformity of a low dose active pharmaceutical ingredient in a tablet formulation according to GMP.
abstract: The article describes the development and production of tablets using direct compression of powder mixtures. The aim was to describe the impact of filler particle size and the time of lubricant addition during mixing on content uniformity according to the Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) process validation requirements. Processes are regulated by complex directives, forcing the producers to validate, using sophisticated methods, the content uniformity of intermediates as well as final products. Cutting down of production time and material, shortening of analyses, and fast and reliable statistic evaluation of results can reduce the final price without affecting product quality. The manufacturing process of directly compressed tablets containing the low dose active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) warfarin, with content uniformity passing validation criteria, is used as a model example. Statistic methods have proved that the manufacturing process is reproducible. Methods suitable for elucidation of various properties of the final blend, e.g., measurement of electrostatic charge by Faraday pail and evaluation of mutual influences of researched variables by partial least square (PLS) regression, were used. Using these methods, it was proved that the filler with higher particle size increased the content uniformity of both blends and the ensuing tablets. Addition of the lubricant, magnesium stearate, during the blending process improved the content uniformity of blends containing the filler with larger particles. This seems to be caused by reduced sampling error due to the suppression of electrostatic charge.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Muselík
authors.forename: Aleš
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Franc
authors.forename: Petr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Doležel
authors.forename: Roman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Goněc
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Krondlová
authors.forename: Ivana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lukášová
mesh_terms: D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D019983:Guideline Adherence; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006244:Hardness; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D054327:Lubricants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000592:standards; D015233:Models, Statistical; D010316:Particle Size; D011208:Powders; D011786:Quality Control; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D055672:Static Electricity; D013229:Stearic Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000592:standards; D013499:Surface Properties; D013607:Tablets; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D014859:Warfarin / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000592:standards*
chemical_list: D054327:Lubricants; D011208:Powders; D013229:Stearic Acids; D013607:Tablets; C031183:stearic acid; D014859:Warfarin