title: Metabolomics technology and their application to the study of the viral infection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In the present review article we have summarized the use of the metabolomics approach to study the metabolic modifications occurring in several bio-fluids due to viral infections. The aim is to highlight the ability of metabolomics to find early fingerprints, which are related to the infections.
  
  
  METHODS
  The (1)H-NMR, UHPLC/MS/MS(2), UPLC/ESI-SYNAPT-HDMS, UPLC-Q-TOF-HDMS analyses were used for the determination of several metabolites representative of the viral infections. The data were analyzed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Partial Least Square Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) and by regression techniques.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The major changes were related to nucleotide, carbohydrates, lipids and amino acid metabolisms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The metabolomics approach could be considered a viable option for characterization of the viral infection and for detecting on going differences in the bio-fluids composition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, NICU, Puericulture Institute and Neonatal Section, AOU, University of Cagliari, Cagliari , Italy and.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Noto
authors.forename: Angelica
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dessi
authors.forename: Melania
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Puddu
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mussap
authors.forename: Vassilios
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Fanos
mesh_terms: D001826:Body Fluids / Q000378:metabolism*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D006801:Humans; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D055442:Metabolome; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods*; D066244:Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*
keywords: Metabolism; metabolites; metabolomics; multivariate statistical analysis; viral infection.