title: CD28-, CD45RA(null/dim) and natural killer-like CD8+ T cells are increased in peripheral blood of women with low-grade cervical lesions.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In response to antigen naive CD8+, T cells differentiate into effector cells, which express Natural killer (NK) receptors, lose CD28 expression, and die by apoptosis. However, in smaller quantities, the cells are retained for subsequent exposure to the same antigen. Knowledge is limited regarding whether the percentages of CD28-, Effector memory (EMRA(null/dim)), and the CD16+/CD56 + CD8+ T cells of women with low-grade cervical lesions are altered at a systemic level.
  
  
  METHODS
  We enrolled in this study women controls and women with Human papilloma virus infection (HPV-I) without associated cellular neoplastic changes and with Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplastic-I (CIN-I). Flow cytometry (FC) was performed for measurement of CD28-, memory subset, and NK-like CD8 + T cells, and IL-17, IFN-gamma, Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, Interleukin (IL)-10, IL-6, IL-4, and IL-2. Finally, we genotyped the HPV.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The CIN-I group increased the CD8 + CD28- and CD16+/56+ T cell percentage compared with that of HPV-I and controls (p <0.01), and CD8 + CCR7-CD45RA(null/dim) (EMRA(null/dim)) T cells were also increased in the CIN-I group compared with the controls (p <0.01). These two study groups were HPV- genotyped; 49% were HPV18+, and we did not observe differences in cytokine levels among all groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased levels of CD28-, EMRA(null/dim), and CD16+/CD56 + CD8+ T cells of peripheral blood in women with CIN-I may be associated with persistent HPV infection and could exert an influence on progression to cervical cancer.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Enrique Arreola Silva No. 883, 49000. Cd Guzmán, Jalisco México.
authors.forename: Maria Luisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Pita-Lopez
authors.affiliation: División de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Sierra Mojada No. 800, 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco México.
authors.forename: Pablo Cesar
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Ortiz-Lazareno
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Enrique Arreola Silva No. 883, 49000. Cd Guzmán, Jalisco México.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Navarro-Meza
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciencias Exactas Tecnologías y Metodologías, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Enrique Arreola Silva No. 883, 49000 Ciudad Guzman, Jalisco México.
authors.forename: Felipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Santoyo-Telles
authors.affiliation: Direction of Chronic Infections and Cancer, Research Center in Infection Diseases, National Institute of Public Health Av. Universidad No. 655, Cerrada los Pinos y Caminera, Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, 62100 Cuernavaca, Morelos Mexico.
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Peralta-Zaragoza
keywords: CD16+; CD28-; CD56+; CD8+; CIN-I; Cervical cancer; Effector memory subsets