title: Expression characteristics and specific antibody reactivity of diverse cathepsin F members of Paragonimus westermani.
abstract: Paragonimiasis, caused by the lung fluke Paragonimus, is a major food-borne helminthic disease. Differential diagnosis of paragonimiasis from tuberculosis and other infectious granulomas in the lung is a prerequisite to proper management of patients. Cysteine proteases of Paragonimus westermani (PwCPs) invoke specific antibody responses against patient sera, while antibody capturing activity of different PwCPs has not been comparatively analyzed. In this study, we observed the expressional regulation of 11 species of different PwCPs (PwCP1-11). We expressed recombinant PwCPs and assessed diagnostic reliability employing sera from patients with P. westermani (n=138), other trematodiases (n=80), cestodiases (n=60) and pulmonary tuberculosis (n=20), and those of normal controls (n=20). PwCPs formed a monophyletic clade into cathepsin F and showed differential expression patterns along with developmental stages of worm. Bacterially expressed recombinant PwCPs (rPwCPs) exhibited variable sensitivity of 38.4-84.5% and specificity of 87.2-100% in diagnosing homologous infection. rPwCPs recognized specific antibodies of experimental cat sera as early as 3 or 6weeks after infection. Patient sera of fascioliasis, Schistosomiasis japonicum and clonorchiasis demonstrated weak cross-reactions. Our results demonstrate that diverse PwCPs of the cathepsin F family participate in inducing specific antibody responses. Most P. westermani cathepsin F, except for PwCP2 (AAF21461), which showed negligible antibody responses, might be applicable for paragonimiasis serodiagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Parasitology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Chun-Seob
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 660-751, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Byoung-Kuk
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Na
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Kyungpook National University, School of Medicine, Taegu 700-842, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Ll
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Parasitology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong-Geun
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Parasitology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jin-Taek
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Parasitology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: kongy@skku.edu.
authors.forename: Yoon
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000909:Antibodies, Helminth / Q000097:blood*; D000947:Antigens, Helminth / Q000276:immunology; D056646:Cathepsin F / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D002415:Cats; D003003:Clonorchiasis / Q000276:immunology; D003429:Cross Reactions; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005211:Fascioliasis / Q000276:immunology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010237:Paragonimiasis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology*; D048492:Paragonimus westermani / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D012554:Schistosomiasis japonica / Q000276:immunology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012698:Serologic Tests; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000909:Antibodies, Helminth; D000947:Antigens, Helminth; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D056646:Cathepsin F
keywords: Cathepsin F; Cysteine protease; Developmental expression; Paragonimiasis; Paragonimus westermani; Serodiagnosis