title: Appraisal of artificial screening techniques of tomato to accurately reflect field performance of the late blight resistance.
abstract: Late blight (LB) caused by the oomycete Phytophthora infestans continues to thwart global tomato production, while only few resistant cultivars have been introduced locally. In order to gain from the released tomato germplasm with LB resistance, we compared the 5-year field performance of LB resistance in several tomato cultigens, with the results of controlled conditions testing (i.e., detached leaflet/leaf, whole plant). In case of these artificial screening techniques, the effects of plant age and inoculum concentration were additionally considered. In the field trials, LA 1033, L 3707, L 3708 displayed the highest LB resistance, and could be used for cultivar development under Polish conditions. Of the three methods using controlled conditions, the detached leaf and the whole plant tests had the highest correlation with the field experiments. The plant age effect on LB resistance in tomato reported here, irrespective of the cultigen tested or inoculum concentration used, makes it important to standardize the test parameters when screening for resistance. Our results help show why other reports disagree on LB resistance in tomato.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Breeding, and Biotechnology of Vegetable Crops, Research Institute of Horticulture, Skierniewice, Poland.
authors.forename: Marzena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nowakowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Breeding, and Biotechnology of Vegetable Crops, Research Institute of Horticulture, Skierniewice, Poland.
authors.forename: Marcin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nowicki
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Breeding, and Biotechnology of Vegetable Crops, Research Institute of Horticulture, Skierniewice, Poland.
authors.forename: Urszula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kłosińska
authors.affiliation: Unit of Economics and Statistics, Research Institute of Horticulture, Skierniewice, Poland.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Maciorowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Breeding, and Biotechnology of Vegetable Crops, Research Institute of Horticulture, Skierniewice, Poland.
authors.forename: Elżbieta U
authors.initials: EU
authors.lastname: Kozik
mesh_terms: D060467:Disease Resistance; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D055750:Phytophthora infestans / Q000502:physiology*; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000235:genetics