title: Direct and indirect effects of a combination of adipose-derived stem cells and platelet-rich plasma on bone regeneration.
abstract: A key goal for successful bone regeneration is to bridge a bone defect using healing procedures that are stable and durable. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have the potential to differentiate into bone. Meanwhile, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an interesting biological means to repair tissue by inducing chemotactic, proliferative, and anabolic cellular responses. This study evaluated bone regeneration using a combination of ASCs and PRP in a rat calvarial defect model. ASCs were isolated from inguinal fat pads of F344 inbred rats, while PRP was prepared from these rats. ASCs were cultured in control medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum or 5% PRP in vitro. After 1 week, levels of growth factors including insulin-like growth factor-1, transforming growth factor-β1, hepatocyte growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor in the culture supernatant were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Moreover, the ASC/PRP admixture was transplanted into the rat calvarial defect. Microcomputed tomography, histological, and immunohistochemical (osteopontin and osteocalcin) analyses were performed at 4 and 8 weeks after transplantation. The in vitro study showed that the levels of growth factors secreted by ASCs were significantly increased by the addition of PRP. Transplantation of the ASC/PRP admixture had dramatic effects on bone regeneration overtime in comparison with rats that received other transplants. Furthermore, some ASCs directly differentiated into osteogenic cells in vivo. These findings suggest that the combination of ASCs and PRP has augmentative effects on bone regeneration. The ASC/PRP admixture may be a promising source for the clinical treatment of cranial defects.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine , Tokyo, Japan .
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tajima
authors.forename: Morikuni
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tobita
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Orbay
authors.forename: Hiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hyakusoku
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mizuno
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology*; D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000378:metabolism; D053495:Osteopontin / Q000378:metabolism; D010976:Platelet Count; D053657:Platelet-Rich Plasma / Q000378:metabolism*; D011859:Radiography; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D011923:Rats, Nude; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D015675:Osteocalcin; D053495:Osteopontin; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins