title: IL-6 gene expression in adipose tissue of postmenopausal women and its association with metabolic risk factors.
abstract: Adipose tissue secretes various kinds of adipokines that controls the glucose and lipid metabolism in humans. The abdominal visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) both are associated with metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance. IL-6 is one of the adipokines, which promotes insulin resistance and dyslipidemia in humans. The association of adipokines with metabolic syndrome at protein levels are well documented. However, their association at gene expression level are lacking. The present study was design to investigate IL-6 mRNA expression in adipose tissues (VAT and SAT) and its correlation with metabolic risk factors and insulin resistance (HOMA) in post menopausal women. A total of 108 Asian North Indian post menopausal women, 54 without metabolic syndrome (controls) and 54 with metabolic syndrome (cases) were recruited and evaluated. Overnight fasting blood samples were collected at admission and abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues were collected during open abdomen surgery. The results showed significantly (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01 or p < 0.001) higher mean SBP, glucose, insulin, HOMA, TG, VLDL and serum IL-6 while significantly (p < 0.001) lower HDL and estrogen in cases as compared to controls. In cases, the relative mean SAT IL-6 expression was also significantly (p < 0.05) higher as compared to VAT. Further, in cases, the VAT IL-6 expression showed significant (p < 0.05 or p < 0.001) and negative correlation with WC, WHR, glucose, HOMA, TC, LDL and estrogen while SAT IL-6 expression also showed significant (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01 or p < 0.001) and negative correlation with WC, WHR and estrogen. The Cox regression analysis found VAT IL-6 mRNA expression the significant (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) an independent predictor of WC, HOMA, TC, LDL and estrogen while SAT IL-6 mRNA expression the significant (p < 0.01) an independent predictor of TG and VLDL. The study concluded that IL-6 expressions of both visceral and subcutaneous tissues may be associated with metabolic risk factors in postmenopausal Asian North Indian women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow 226003, India.
authors.lastname: Sadashiv
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow 226003, India. Electronic address: research.physiology@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sunita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tiwari
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow 226003, India.
authors.forename: Vani
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Immunobiology Division, Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow 226001, India.
authors.forename: Bhola Nath
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.affiliation: All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal 462024, India.
authors.forename: Sandeep
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow 226003, India.
authors.forename: Abhijit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chandra
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow 226003, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dhananjai
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Experimental Medicine Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India.
authors.forename: Mahendra Pal Singh
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Negi
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Experimental Medicine Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India.
authors.forename: Ashim
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghatak
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL / Q000097:blood; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000378:metabolism*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL; D014280:Triglycerides
keywords: Adipose tissue; Glucose; IL-6 and HOMA; Metabolic syndrome