title: Triple Negative Breast Cancer - An Overview.
abstract: Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous disease that based on immunohistochemistry (IHC) is estrogen receptor (ER) negative, progesterone receptor (PR) negative and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) negative. TNBC is typically observed in young AA women and Hispanic women who carry a mutation in the BRCA1 gene. TNBC is characterized by a distinct molecular profile, aggressive nature and lack of targeted therapies. The purpose of this article is to review the current and future novel signalling pathways as therapeutic approaches to TNBC. Recent Identification of a new BRCA1 trafficking pathway holds promise in the future for the development of targeted therapies for TNBC.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Biology Program, Department of OB/GYN, Morehouse School of Medicine, Georgia Cancer Center for Excellence, Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
authors.forename: Kartik
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aysola
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Buffalo, Erie County Medical Center, 462 Grider St, Buffalo NY 14215, USA.
authors.forename: Akshata
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Desai
authors.affiliation: Cancer Biology Program, Department of OB/GYN, Morehouse School of Medicine, Georgia Cancer Center for Excellence, Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
authors.forename: Crystal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Welch
authors.affiliation: Cancer Biology Program, Department of OB/GYN, Morehouse School of Medicine, Georgia Cancer Center for Excellence, Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
authors.forename: Jingyao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Cancer Biology Program, Department of OB/GYN, Morehouse School of Medicine, Georgia Cancer Center for Excellence, Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
authors.forename: Yunlong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Cancer Biology Program, Department of OB/GYN, Morehouse School of Medicine, Georgia Cancer Center for Excellence, Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
authors.forename: Vaishali
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.affiliation: Cancer Biology Program, Department of OB/GYN, Morehouse School of Medicine, Georgia Cancer Center for Excellence, Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Matthews
authors.affiliation: Cancer Biology Program, Department of OB/GYN, Morehouse School of Medicine, Georgia Cancer Center for Excellence, Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Owens
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Morehouse School of Medicine, Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
authors.forename: Joel
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Okoli
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Morehouse School of Medicine, Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
authors.forename: Derrick J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Beech
authors.affiliation: Wallace Tumour Institute 420 D, 1824 6th Avenue South, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham AL 35294, USA.
authors.forename: Chandrika J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Piyathilake
authors.affiliation: Cancer Biology Program, Department of OB/GYN, Morehouse School of Medicine, Georgia Cancer Center for Excellence, Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
authors.forename: Shyam P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.affiliation: Cancer Biology Program, Department of OB/GYN, Morehouse School of Medicine, Georgia Cancer Center for Excellence, Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
authors.forename: Veena N
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Rao
keywords: BCL-2; BRCA1; CISPLATIN; EGFR; Hedgehog; NOTCH; PARP; TNBC; UBC9; WNT/B-CATENIN