title: Treatment of ocular metastasis with anti-VEGF: a literature review and case report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This is the first case report where 1.25mg intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) correlated with choroidal mass resolution from metastatic breast cancer given concurrently with chemotherapy demonstrating, at best, disease stability in other organs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case report.
  
  
  METHODS
  Upon confirmation of choroidal, liver and bone metastasis from breast carcinoma, a 72-year-old female received four intravitreal bevacizumab 1.25mg injections based on the presence of subretinal and intraretinal fluid. Visual outcomes were analyzed by ophthalmologic evaluation, B-scan, fluorescein angiography, and optical coherence tomography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 3 treatments of 1.25mg intravitreal bevacizumab, visual acuity improved from 20/125 OD to 20/30 OD. These results were maintained for 5 months, after which a 4th IVB injection was given to try to further improve visual outcomes. Following this, complete resolution of the mass was observed with remaining pigmentary changes and vision improved to 20/25 one month following this. IVB was administered concurrently to systemic chemotherapy that demonstrated at best disease stability in metastases in other organs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this case 1.25mg intravitreal bevacizumab proved to be a safe, effective and relatively easy treatment for choroidal metastasis from breast cancer. An important benefit of intravitreal bevacizumab therapy for choroidal metastasis is the ease of administration and minimal time commitment required as compared to other therapies. Further studies should be conducted to confirm the appropriate dosing and long-term outcomes of intravitreal bevacizumab to treat choroidal metastasis.
authors.affiliation: Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S.
authors.forename: Haley
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Augustine
authors.affiliation: University of Calgary, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.
authors.forename: Monique
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Munro
authors.affiliation: University of Calgary, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.
authors.forename: Feisal
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Adatia
authors.affiliation: Tom Baker Cancer Center, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Webster
authors.affiliation: Calgary Retina Consultants, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.. Electronic address: mpfielden@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fielden
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D002285:Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary; D002830:Choroid Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D006801:Humans; D058449:Intravitreal Injections; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D000068258:Bevacizumab