title: Roles of obese-insulin resistance and anti-diabetic drugs on the heart with ischemia-reperfusion injury.
abstract: The incidence of obesity with insulin resistance is increasing worldwide. This condition is also known as a risk factor of coronary artery disease and associated with increased arrhythmias, impaired left ventricular function, and increased infarct size during cardiac ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. The proposed mechanisms are due to impaired glucose utilization and pro-survival signaling molecules, and increased inflammatory cytokines, which have been demonstrated in the I/R hearts in various models of obese-insulin resistance. However, the cardiac effects of diets in the I/R heart are still unsettled since several studies reported that high-caloric diet consumption might protect the heart from I/R injury. Although several therapeutic strategies such as anti-diabetic drugs, natural compounds as well as treadmill exercise have been proposed to exert cardioprotection in the I/R heart in obese-insulin resistant animals, some interventions including ischemic post-conditioning failed to protect the heart from I/R injury. In this comprehensive review, reports from both genetic deletion and dietary-induced obese-insulin resistant animal models regarding the effects of obese-insulin resistance on metabolic parameters, cardiac function, infarct size, and molecular mechanisms under I/R injury are summarized. Moreover, the effects of anti-diabetic drugs and other pharmacological interventions on these parameters in an obese-insulin resistant model under I/R injury are also comprehensively summarized and discussed.
authors.affiliation: Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
authors.forename: Nattayaporn
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Apaijai
authors.forename: Siriporn C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chattipakorn
authors.forename: Nipon
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chattipakorn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D009765:Obesity / Q000473:pathology*; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents