title: Genetic association with low concentrations of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol in a pediatric population of the Middle East and North Africa: the CASPIAN-III study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Depressed high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is prevalent the Middle East and North Africa. Some studies have documented associations between HDL-C and several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in candidate gene polymorphisms.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated the associations between SNP genotypes and HDL-C levels in Iranian students, aged 10-18 years. Genotyping was performed in 750 randomly selected participants among those with low HDL-C levels (below 5th percentile), intermediate HDL-C levels (5-95th) and high HDL-C levels (above the 95th percentile). Minor allele frequencies (MAFs) of the SNPs of interest were compared between the three HDL-C groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The vast majority of pairwise comparisons of MAFs between HDL-C groups were significant. Pairwise comparisons between low and high HDL-C groups showed significant between-group differences in MAFs for all SNPs, except for APOC3 rs5128. Pairwise comparisons between low and intermediate HDL-C groups showed significant between-group differences in MAFs for all SNPs, except for APOC3 rs5128 and APOA1 rs2893157. Pairwise comparisons between intermediate and high HDL-C groups showed significant between-group differences in MAFs for all SNPs, except for ABCA1 APOC3 rs5128 and APOA1 rs2893157. After adjustment for confounding factors, including age, sex, body mass index, low physical activity, consumption of saturated fats, and socioeconomic status, ABCA1 r1587K and CETP A373P significantly increased the risk of depressed HDL-C, and CETP Taq1 had a protective role.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study replicated several associations between HDL-C levels and candidate gene SNPs from genome-wide associations with HDL-C in Iranians from the pediatric age group.
authors.affiliation: Pediatrics Department, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Roya
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kelishadi
authors.affiliation: Physiology Department, Applied Physiology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Electronic address: shaghayeghhaghjoo@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Shaghayegh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haghjooy Javanmard
authors.affiliation: Physiology Department, Applied Physiology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Hasan
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Tajadini
authors.affiliation: Pediatrics Department, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Physiology Department, Applied Physiology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Biostatistics Department, Faculty of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Marjan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mansourian
authors.affiliation: Pediatrics Department, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Esmaeil
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Motlagh
authors.affiliation: Pediatrics Department, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Gelayol
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ardalan
authors.affiliation: Blackburn Cardiovascular Genetics Laboratory, Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ban
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D000352:Africa, Northern; D000483:Alleles; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D002648:Child; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D015438:Health Behavior; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008877:Middle East; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012424:Rural Population; D012574:Schools; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014505:Urban Population
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL
keywords: Genetic association; High density lipoprotein-cholesterol; Single nucleotide polymorphisms