title: Criminal offending among males and females between ages 15 and 30 in a population-based nationwide 1981 birth cohort: results from the FinnCrime Study.
abstract: We describe the epidemiology of crime between ages 15 and 30 in a population-based sample. We received police register data for 5405 males and females, representing the children born in Finland in 1981. We classified crimes into drug, violent, property, traffic, drunk driving, and sexual crimes, excluding minor traffic offenses. Of males, 60% and of females, 25% were registered for offending. For males, prevalence peaked in late adolescence, while for females, there was no peak age. Offending frequency remained stable for male offenders but was lower among adolescent female offenders. All crime types overlapped each other. Crime accumulated: 1% committed 34% of male and 56% of female offenses. In conclusion, the adolescent peak in offending reflects peaking prevalence among males, not females, nor frequency of offending among offenders. The crime problem is focused on two key groups: late adolescent males and the few males and females in whom crime concentrates.
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Child Psychiatry, Department of Child Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, FI-20014 Turun yliopisto, Finland. Electronic address: henrik.elonheimo@utu.fi.
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Elonheimo
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Child Psychiatry, Department of Child Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, FI-20014 Turun yliopisto, Finland. Electronic address: david.gyllenberg@utu.fi.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gyllenberg
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Child Psychiatry, Department of Child Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, FI-20014 Turun yliopisto, Finland. Electronic address: jukka.huttunen@utu.fi.
authors.forename: Jukka
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huttunen
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Child Psychiatry, Department of Child Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, FI-20014 Turun yliopisto, Finland. Electronic address: terja.ristkari@utu.fi.
authors.forename: Terja
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ristkari
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Child Psychiatry, Department of Child Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, FI-20014 Turun yliopisto, Finland. Electronic address: lauri.sillanmaki@utu.fi.
authors.forename: Lauri
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sillanmäki
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Child Psychiatry, Department of Child Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, FI-20014 Turun yliopisto, Finland; RKBU Nord, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9019 Tromsø, Norway. Electronic address: andre.sourander@utu.fi.
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sourander
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003415:Crime / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D064423:Drug Trafficking / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012737:Sex Factors; D014754:Violence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Birth cohort; Crime; Epidemiology; Follow-up; Gender; Offending