title: Local tumour ablative therapies: opportunities for maximising immune engagement and activation.
abstract: The relationship between cancer and the immune system is a complex one. The immune system can prevent tumour growth by eliminating cancer cells but this editing process ultimately results in poorly immunogenic cells remaining allowing for unchallenged tumour growth. In light of this, the focus of cancer treatment should be to maximise cancer elimination and the prevention of escape mechanisms. In this review we will examine current and emerging ablative treatment modalities that induce Immunogenic Cell Death (ICD), a special type of cell death that allows for immune cell involvement and the generation of an anti-tumour specific immune response. When paired with immune modulating agents, capable of potentiating the immune response and reversing the immune-suppressive environment created by tumours, we may be looking at the future of anti-cancer therapy.
authors.affiliation: Cork Cancer Research Centre, Leslie C. Quick Laboratory, BioSciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland. Electronic address: morgan.obrien@umail.ucc.ie.
authors.forename: Morgan A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: O'Brien
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Mercy University Hospital, Grenville Place, Cork.
authors.forename: Derek G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Power
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, Cork University Hospital, Ireland.
authors.forename: A James P
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Clover
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Bon Secour Hospital, College Road, Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bird
authors.affiliation: Cork Cancer Research Centre, Leslie C. Quick Laboratory, BioSciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: Declan M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Soden
authors.affiliation: Cork Cancer Research Centre, Leslie C. Quick Laboratory, BioSciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland. Electronic address: p.forde@ucc.ie.
authors.forename: Patrick F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Forde
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000502:physiology; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D019139:Tumor Escape
chemical_list: D024243:HMGB1 Protein; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins
keywords: DAMPs; Immune blockade; Immune stimulation; Immuno-editing; Immunogenic cell death; Tumour ablation