title: Speckle tracking echocardiography in the diagnosis of early left ventricular systolic dysfunction in type II diabetic mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The leptin receptor-deficient db/db mouse is a well-established type II diabetes animal model used to investigate diabetic cardiomyopathy. Previous reports have documented diabetic cardiomyopathy is accompanied by cardiac structural and functional abnormalities. To better elucidate early or subtle changes in cardiac performance in db/db mice, we used speckle tracking echocardiography to assess systolic myocardial strain in vivo with diabetic db/db mice in order to study early changes of left ventricle contractile function in type II diabetes model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male diabetic db/db mice and age-matched control mice from C57BL/6J strain at 8,12 and 16 weeks of age were subjected to echocardiography. At the midpapillary level in the parasternal left ventricular short-axis view, end diastolic and systolic left ventricular diameter, interventricular septal thickness and posterior wall thicknesses, ejection fraction, fractional shortening were determined by M-mode echocardiography. Using speckle-tracking based strain analysis of two-dimensional echocardiographic images acquired from the parasternal short-axis views at the mid-papillary level, systolic global radial and circumferential strain values were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference in interventricular septal thickness, posterior wall thicknesses, end diastolic and systolic left ventricular diameter, ejection fraction and fractional shortening between db/db and age-matched control mice at 8,12 or 16 weeks of age (P > 0.05). At 8 and 12 weeks of age, there was no significant difference in left ventricular radial strain and circumferential strain between db/db mice and age-matched controls (P > 0.05). But at 16 weeks of age, the left ventricular radial strain and circumferential strain in db/db mice were lower than in control mice (P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study shows that speckle tracking echocardiography can be used to evaluate cardiac functional alterations in mouse models of cardiovascular disease. Radial and circumferential strain are more sensitive and can be used for detection of early left ventricular contractile dysfunction in db/db type II diabetic mice.
authors.forename: Rong-juan
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jiao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Echocardiography, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. rong4020@126.com.
authors.forename: Ya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Qi-wei
authors.initials: QW
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Yi-jia
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics; D058065:Diabetic Cardiomyopathies / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods*; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D013599:Systole; D013997:Time Factors; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left