title: Embedding sustainable physical activities into the everyday lives of adults with intellectual disabilities: a randomised controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adults with intellectual disability (ID) are physically very inactive. This study will compare two approaches to increasing physical activity in adults with ID: a lifestyle physical activity (light-moderate intensity) approach and a structured exercise (moderate-vigorous intensity) approach. The trial will compare the short-term (3-month) and long-term (9-month) outcomes and sustainability of each approach with a usual-care control group.
  
  
  METHODS
  A three-arm randomised controlled trial (RCT) will be conducted. Ninety adults with ID aged 18-55 will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: 1) a lifestyle physical activity group (n = 30), 2) a structured exercise group (n = 30), or 3) a usual care control group (n = 30). Participants in both groups will receive a 12-week intervention delivered by exercise specialists in the community with disability service staff, after which intervention will continue for 6 months, delivered by disability service staff only. Primary outcomes are aerobic fitness, 12-hour energy expenditure, and proxy-reported everyday physical activity. Secondary outcomes include objectively assessed physical activity and sedentary behaviour, intervention compliance, functional walking capacity, participation in domestic activities, muscle strength, body composition, psychosocial outcomes, quality of life and health care costs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The trial results will determine the effectiveness and sustainability of two approaches to increasing physical activity and exercise among adults with ID.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  ISRCTN77889248 (18 April 2012).
authors.forename: Kerrie
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lante
authors.affiliation: Centre for Disability Research and Policy, The University of Sydney, PO Box 170, Lidcombe NSW 1825, Australia. roger.stancliffe@sydney.edu.au.
authors.forename: Roger J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Stancliffe
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bauman
authors.forename: Hidde P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: van der Ploeg
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jan
authors.forename: Glen M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Davis
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D006233:Persons with Disabilities; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006801:Humans; D008607:Intellectual Disability; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053580:Muscle Strength; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D005082:Physical Exertion; D010809:Physical Fitness; D011788:Quality of Life; D012107:Research Design; D055815:Young Adult