title: Placement of subdural grids in pediatric patients: technique and results.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study is to describe common indications and technique for the application of chronic invasive electrodes in the pediatric patient suffering from medically intractable epilepsy.
  
  
  METHODS
  This chapter was prepared based on a retrospective review of the literature and personal experience based from a large tertiary epilepsy center.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Invasive subdural recordings are a safe and efficacious tool to identify the epileptogenic zone and its relationship to functional cortex in highly selected patients with medically refractory epilepsy. The ability to localize the EZ approaches 90 to 100 %, but seizure-free outcome is more complex depending greatly on the experience of the surgical team and the extent of resection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Cleveland Clinic, Neurological Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Desk S60, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA, bingamb@ccf.org.
authors.forename: William E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Bingaman
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bulacio
mesh_terms: D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures; D010372:Pediatrics; D011182:Postoperative Care; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013355:Subdural Space / Q000503:physiopathology*