title: Vaginal hysterectomy for uterovaginal prolapse: what is the incidence of concurrent gynecological malignancy?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Vaginal hysterectomy (VH) is a commonly performed procedure for the operative treatment of uterovaginal prolapse (UVP). The reported incidence of unexpected gynecological cancer in cases of VH for UVP ranges between 0.3 and 0.8 %. Aim of the study is to assess the incidence of malignant and premalignant gynecological histopathological findings among women who underwent a VH for UVP and had a normal preoperative workup.
  
  
  METHODS
  The histopathology reports of women who underwent VH for the treatment of UVP were retrospectively assessed. All women had a history of normal cervical smear tests and a normal preoperative transvaginal scan. Patients with a history of a premalignant or malignant gynecological pathological condition and women with abnormal uterine bleeding were excluded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 14 out of 333 women who underwent VH (4.2 %) were found to have abnormal histopathological findings of the uterus. Among them, there were 9 cases of endometrial hyperplasia of any type (2.7 %), 1 case of cervical cancer (0.3 %), 1 case of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) III (0.3 %), and 3 cases of CINI (0.9 %). No cases of endometrial cancer were detected. Among women who underwent salpingo-oophorectomy (n = 86) three simple serous cysts (3.5 %) were found, with no cases of ovarian cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of unexpected premalignant or malignant gynecological pathological conditions among asymptomatic women who underwent VH, with a history of normal cervical smear tests and normal preoperative TVS, was low but not negligible. This information should be included in the preoperative counseling of women planning to undergo surgery for UVP.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Alexandra" Hospital, 80 Vas.Sofias Avenue, 11528, Athens, Greece, tgregos@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Themos
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Grigoriadis
authors.forename: Aikaterini
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Valla
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zacharakis
authors.forename: Athanasios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Protopapas
authors.forename: Stavros
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Athanasiou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D058070:Asymptomatic Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D004714:Endometrial Hyperplasia / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007045:Hysterectomy, Vaginal; D015994:Incidence; D008875:Middle Aged; D010048:Ovarian Cysts / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D010052:Ovariectomy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D058994:Salpingectomy; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D014596:Uterine Prolapse / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery; D002578:Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology