title: The influence of autologous bone marrow stem cell transplantation on matrix metalloproteinases in patients treated for acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), regulated by tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-9 (TIMP-1) and the extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN), contributes to plaque instability. Autologous stem cells from bone marrow (mBMC) treatment are suggested to reduce myocardial damage; however, limited data exists on the influence of mBMC on MMPs.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the influence of mBMC on circulating levels of MMP-9, TIMP-1, and EMMPRIN at different time points in patients included in the randomized Autologous Stem-Cell Transplantation in Acute Myocardial Infarction (ASTAMI) trial (n = 100). Gene expression analyses were additionally performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 2-3 weeks we observed a more pronounced increase in MMP-9 levels in the mBMC group, compared to controls (P = 0.030), whereas EMMPRIN levels were reduced from baseline to 2-3 weeks and 3 months in both groups (P < 0.0001). Gene expression of both MMP-9 and EMMPRIN was reduced from baseline to 3 months. MMP-9 and EMMPRIN were significantly correlated to myocardial injury (CK: P = 0.005 and P < 0.001, resp.) and infarct size (SPECT: P = 0.018 and P = 0.008, resp.).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicate that the regulation of metalloproteinases is important during AMI, however, limited influenced by mBMC.
authors.affiliation: Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Postboks 4956, Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway ; Center for Heart Failure Research, Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Ullevål University Hospital, Kirkeveien 166, 0407 Oslo, Norway ; Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Postboks 1078, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Eline Bredal
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Furenes
authors.affiliation: Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Postboks 4956, Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway ; Center for Heart Failure Research, Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Ullevål University Hospital, Kirkeveien 166, 0407 Oslo, Norway ; Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Postboks 1078, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Trine Baur
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Opstad
authors.affiliation: Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Postboks 4956, Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway ; Center for Heart Failure Research, Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Ullevål University Hospital, Kirkeveien 166, 0407 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Svein
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Solheim
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, National Hospital, Postboks 4950, Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Ketil
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lunde
authors.affiliation: Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Postboks 4956, Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway ; Center for Heart Failure Research, Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Ullevål University Hospital, Kirkeveien 166, 0407 Oslo, Norway ; Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Postboks 1078, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arnesen
authors.affiliation: Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Postboks 4956, Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway ; Center for Heart Failure Research, Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Ullevål University Hospital, Kirkeveien 166, 0407 Oslo, Norway ; Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Postboks 1078, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Ingebjørg
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Seljeflot
mesh_terms: D051926:Basigin / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008297:Male; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000378:metabolism*; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C497886:BSG protein, human; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases; D051926:Basigin; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9