title: Impact of personality characteristics on patient satisfaction after multifocal intraocular lens implantation: results from the "happy patient study".
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This prospective multicenter study assessed personality characteristics that may influence patient satisfaction after implantation of multifocal intraocular lenses (MIOLs).
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred eighty-three patients who underwent bilateral implantation of different MIOLs were enrolled. Uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity for distance and near (ie, UDVA, UNVA, CDVA, and CNVA) were assessed preoperatively and 3 and 6 months after implantation. Before surgery, personality characteristics were evaluated using a questionnaire based on the NEO Personality Inventory Test and the Compulsiveness Inventory Test. At the 3- and 6-month postoperative visits, patients answered a questionnaire concerning overall satisfaction, need for spectacles at different distances, visual function at different distances and lighting conditions, photic phenomena, and ease of performing daily activities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three months after surgery (n = 163), mean CDVA was 0.03 ± 0.09 logMAR, UDVA was 0.05 ± 0.09 logMAR, and UNVA was 0.04 ± 0.11 logMAR. At the 6-month visit (n = 131), mean CDVA was 0.02 ± 0.07 logMAR, UDVA was 0.06 ± 0.09 logMAR, and UNVA was 0.05 ± 0.01 logMAR. Most patients (82.2%) would opt for an MIOL again, 3.7% would not, and 14.1% were uncertain. Overall satisfaction with the procedure was correlated to low astigmatism, good visual function, low spectacle dependence, and less halos or glare. The personality characteristics of compulsive checking, orderliness, competence, and dutifulness were statistically significantly correlated to subjective disturbance by glare and halos.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Postoperative patient satisfaction after MIOL implantation is correlated to visual performance, spectacle independence, and less photic phenomena. Personality characteristics have an impact on subjective disturbance by photic phenomena and thus are important for patient satisfaction.
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Mester
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vaterrodt
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Goes
authors.forename: Werner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Huetz
authors.forename: Irmingard
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Neuhann
authors.forename: Stefanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schmickler
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Szurman
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gekeler
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005139:Eyeglasses; D005260:Female; D019466:Glare; D006801:Humans; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010551:Personality / Q000502:physiology*; D010556:Personality Tests; D018918:Phacoemulsification; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019591:Pseudophakia / Q000523:psychology*; D012029:Refraction, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult