title: Visuospatial working memory for locations, colours, and binding in typically developing children and in children with dyslexia and non-verbal learning disability.
abstract: This study examined forward and backward recall of locations and colours and the binding of locations and colours, comparing typically developing children - aged between 8 and 10 years - with two different groups of children of the same age with learning disabilities (dyslexia in one group, non-verbal learning disability [NLD] in the other). Results showed that groups with learning disabilities had different visuospatial working memory problems and that children with NLD had particular difficulties in the backward recall of locations. The differences between the groups disappeared, however, when locations and colours were bound together. It was concluded that specific processes may be involved in children in the binding and backward recall of different types of information, as they are not simply the resultant of combining the single processes needed to recall single features.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Ricardo Basso
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: Irene C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Mammarella
authors.forename: Doriana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tripodi
authors.forename: Cesare
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cornoldi
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D004410:Dyslexia / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual; D065852:Spatial Memory; D014796:Visual Perception
keywords: dyslexia; non-verbal learning disability; short-term memory; working memory