title: Interleukin-8 is associated with increased total mortality in women but not in men-findings from a community-based cohort of elderly.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To elucidate the association among circulating IL-8 and total mortality in a cohort of elderly, and to explore potential sex differences in the observed association.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS) is a cohort of 70-year-old men and women living in Uppsala, Sweden; baseline period: 2001-2004. IL-8 serum measurements were performed in 1003 participants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 61 men and 40 women died during follow-up (median 7.9 years). Baseline IL-8 concentrations were higher in women than in men (P = 0.03). In a multivariable model adjusting for age, established cardiovascular risk factors, and C-reactive protein, log-transformed standard deviation increments in IL-8 levels were weakly associated with an increased risk for total mortality (hazard ratio (HR) 1.12, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-1.23, P < 0.05) in the whole cohort. Stratified analysis revealed an association in women (HR 1.18, 95% CI 1.06-1.30, P < 0.01) but not in men (HR 0.98, 95% CI 0.76-1.26).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A weak association between IL-8 serum levels and an increased risk for mortality was observed. The prospective data support the role of IL-8 as a biomarker of interest; yet, further studies are warranted to elucidate validity of our finding and the possibility of a sex difference.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden.
authors.forename: Ilais
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Moreno Velásquez
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ärnlöv
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Leander
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lind
authors.forename: Bruna
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gigante
authors.forename: Axel C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Carlsson
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood; D002423:Cause of Death; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012737:Sex Factors; D013548:Sweden
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016209:Interleukin-8; D002097:C-Reactive Protein
keywords: All-cause mortality; community-based cohort; cytokines; inflammation; interleukin-8