title: Identification of novel piRNAs in bladder cancer.
abstract: PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are a newly identified class of small non-coding RNAs that can play important roles in germline development and carcinogenesis. In this study, piRNA microarrays were used to investigate global piRNA expression in three bladder cancer tissues and their adjacent normal tissues. Using the 3' untranslated region (UTR) sequence complementarily method, we predicted the target gene of piRNA. Our results showed that the expression levels of 106 piRNAs were up-regulated and 91 were down-regulated in bladder cancer tissues, among which the fold-change of down-regulated piRNA DQ594040 associated with bladder cancer (piRABC) was the highest piRNA. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to confirm piRABC expression in paired bladder cancer tissues and their adjacent normal tissues (n = 25). Over-expression of piRABC can inhibit bladder cancer cell proliferation, colony formation, and promote cell apoptosis (all P < 0.05). Luciferase reporter gene assays indicated that piRABC could increase the luciferase activity of TNFSF4. Western blotting analyses and ELISA assays also confirmed that the expression of TNFSF4 protein was up-regulated in control subjects compared with bladder cancer subjects. In conclusion, piRABC plays a crucial role in the development of bladder cancer.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Haiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Gaoyun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hui
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of TCM, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Danni
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Safety Assessment and Research Center for Drug, Pesticide and Veterinary Drug of Jiangsu Province, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Yubang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Mulong
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Dongyan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Changjun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. Electronic address: drzdzhang@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Zhengdong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. Electronic address: mwang@njmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Meilin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D015153:Blotting, Western; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000378:metabolism*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering
keywords: Biomarkers; Bladder cancer; piRNA profiles