title: An addressable quantum dot qubit with fault-tolerant control-fidelity.
abstract: Exciting progress towards spin-based quantum computing has recently been made with qubits realized using nitrogen-vacancy centres in diamond and phosphorus atoms in silicon. For example, long coherence times were made possible by the presence of spin-free isotopes of carbon and silicon. However, despite promising single-atom nanotechnologies, there remain substantial challenges in coupling such qubits and addressing them individually. Conversely, lithographically defined quantum dots have an exchange coupling that can be precisely engineered, but strong coupling to noise has severely limited their dephasing times and control fidelities. Here, we combine the best aspects of both spin qubit schemes and demonstrate a gate-addressable quantum dot qubit in isotopically engineered silicon with a control fidelity of 99.6%, obtained via Clifford-based randomized benchmarking and consistent with that required for fault-tolerant quantum computing. This qubit has dephasing time T2* = 120 μs and coherence time T2 = 28 ms, both orders of magnitude larger than in other types of semiconductor qubit. By gate-voltage-tuning the electron g*-factor we can Stark shift the electron spin resonance frequency by more than 3,000 times the 2.4 kHz electron spin resonance linewidth, providing a direct route to large-scale arrays of addressable high-fidelity qubits that are compatible with existing manufacturing technologies.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Veldhorst
authors.affiliation: Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia.
authors.forename: J C C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia.
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: University of Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Leenstra
authors.affiliation: University of Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: de Ronde
authors.affiliation: Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia.
authors.forename: J P
authors.identifier: 0000000204254345
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Dehollain
authors.affiliation: Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia.
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Muhonen
authors.affiliation: Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia.
authors.forename: F E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Hudson
authors.affiliation: School of Fundamental Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.affiliation: Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Morello
authors.affiliation: Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Dzurak