title: Effects of cryopreservation on motility characteristics and enzyme activity of sperm in a Chinese fish Nibea albiflora.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Growing evidence suggests that among the causes which deteriorate qualitative and functional characteristics of sperm after freezing and thawing, there are those linked to decrease of sperm motility and release of various enzymes in the cells and seminal plasma.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In the present study, the motility, fertilization and enzyme activity of sperm were analyzed after cryopreservation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Computer-assisted sperm motility analysis (CASA) was used to evaluate the effect of cryopreservation on sperm motility of Nibea albiflora.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The activities of total adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), creatine kinase (CK), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione reductase (GR) in fresh and frozen seminal plasma and spermatozoa were measured respectively. Cryopreservation led to a decline in the percentage of motile sperm, moreover, other parameters of sperm motion, curvilinear and straight line velocities, linearity were changed observably (p < 0.05), the fertilizing capacity of post-thaw sperm was lower than that of the fresh sperm significantly. After cryopreservation, the activities of total ATPase, CK, SDH, LDH, SOD, CAT and GSH-Px increased in seminal plasma and decreased in spermatozoa respectively, but GR activity varied contrarily, GR activity dropped in seminal plasma and increased in spermatozoa.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cryopreservation had significant effects on the motility characteristics, fertilization ability and enzyme activity of the sperm of Nibea albiflora.
authors.affiliation: East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of East China Sea and Oceanic Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, MOA；Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of East China Sea and Oceanic Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, MOA；Shanghai, China. pzhuang@online.sh.cn.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.affiliation: East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of East China Sea and Oceanic Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, MOA；Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of East China Sea and Oceanic Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, MOA；Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of East China Sea and Oceanic Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, MOA；Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of East China Sea and Oceanic Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, MOA；Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of East China Sea and Oceanic Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, MOA；Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000378:metabolism; D015925:Cryopreservation; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D005306:Fertilization / Q000187:drug effects; D005399:Fishes; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D012661:Semen / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D012662:Semen Preservation; D013081:Sperm Motility / Q000187:drug effects; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D013385:Succinate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D013385:Succinate Dehydrogenase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D003402:Creatine Kinase