title: Multimetallic core/interlayer/shell nanostructures as advanced electrocatalysts.
abstract: The fine balance between activity and durability is crucial for the development of high performance electrocatalysts. The importance of atomic structure and compositional gradients is a guiding principle in exploiting the knowledge from well-defined materials in the design of novel class of core-shell electrocatalysts comprising Ni core, Au interlayer, and PtNi shell (Ni@Au@PtNi). This multimetallic system is found to have the optimal balance of activity and durability due to the synergy between the stabilizing effect of subsurface Au and modified electronic structure of surface Pt through interaction with subsurface Ni atoms. The electrocatalysts with Ni@Au@PtNi core-interlayer-shell structure exhibit high intrinsic and mass activities as well as superior durability for the oxygen reduction reaction with less than 10% activity loss after 10,000 potential cycles between 0.6 and 1.1 V vs the reversible hydrogen electrode.
authors.affiliation: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States.
authors.forename: Yijin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Joshua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Snyder
authors.forename: Miaofang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chi
authors.forename: Dongguo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Karren L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: More
authors.forename: Nenad M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Markovic
authors.forename: Vojislav R
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Stamenkovic
keywords: Core−shell; activity; durability; electrocatalysis; nanoparticle; oxygen reduction reaction