title: Plectranthus amboinicus leaf extract mediated synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles and its control of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm and blood sucking mosquito larvae.
abstract: In this study, zinc oxide nanoparticles were biologically synthesized using the leaf extract of Plectranthus amboinicus (Pam-ZnO NPs). The synthesized Pam-ZnO NPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometer, FTIR, TEM and XRD analysis. TEM analysis of Pam-ZnO NPs showed the average size of about 20-50 nm. Pam-ZnO NPs control the growth of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilms (MRSA ATCC 33591) at the concentration of 8-10 μg/ml. Confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) images revealed that Pam-ZnO NPs strongly inhibited the biofilm forming ability of S. aureus. In addition, Pam-ZnO NPs showed 100% mortality of fourth instar mosquito larvae of Anopheles stephensi, Culex quinquefasciatus and Culex tritaeniorhynchus at the concentration of 8 and 10 μg/ml. The histopathological studies of Pam-ZnO NPs treated A. stephensi and C. quinquefasciatus larvae revealed the presence of damaged cells and tissues in the mid-gut. The damaged tissues suffered major changes including rupture and disintegration of epithelial layer and cellular vacuolization. The present study conclude that Pam-ZnO NPs showed effective control of S. aureus biofilms and mosquito larvae by damaging the mid gut cells.
authors.affiliation: Crustacean Molecular Biology and Genomics Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630004, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vijayakumar
authors.affiliation: Crustacean Molecular Biology and Genomics Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630004, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vinoj
authors.affiliation: Crustacean Molecular Biology and Genomics Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630004, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Malaikozhundan
authors.affiliation: Crustacean Molecular Biology and Genomics Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630004, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shanthi
authors.affiliation: Crustacean Molecular Biology and Genomics Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630004, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address: vaseeharanb@gmail.com.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vaseeharan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D018441:Biofilms; D009033:Culicidae / Q000187:drug effects*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000737:chemistry; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000378:metabolism*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D036103:Nanotechnology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D031346:Plectranthus / Q000737:chemistry*; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D007306:Insecticides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D015034:Zinc Oxide
keywords: Biofilm; Larvicidal; Plectranthus amboinicus; Zinc oxide nanoparticles