title: Comparing humic substance and protein compound effects on the bioaccumulation of perfluoroalkyl substances by Daphnia magna in water.
abstract: The influence of humic substances and protein compounds on the bioaccumulation of six types of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in Daphnia magna was compared. The humic substances included humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA), the protein compounds included chicken egg albumin (albumin) and peptone, and the PFASs included perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorodecanoic acid, perfluoroundecanoic acid, and perfluorododecanoic acid. Four concentrations (0, 1, 10, and 20 mg L(-1)) of the four dissolved organic matter (DOM) types were investigated. At the 1 mg L(-1) level, HA and albumin enhanced all tested PFAS bioaccumulation, whereas FA and peptone only enhanced the bioaccumulation of shorter-chain PFASs (PFOS, PFOA, and PFNA). However, all four DOM types decreased all tested PFAS bioaccumulation at the 20 mg L(-1) level, and the decreasing ratios of bioaccumulation factors caused by FA, HA, albumin, and peptone were 1-49%, 23-77%, 17-58%, and 8-56%, respectively compared with those without DOM. This is because DOM not only reduced the bioavailable concentrations and uptake rates of PFASs but also lowered the elimination rates of PFASs in D. magna, and these opposite effects would change with different DOM types and concentrations. Although the partition coefficients (L kg(-1)) of PFASs between HA and water (10(4.21)-10(4.98)) were much lower than those between albumin and water (10(4.92)-10(5.86)), their effects on PFAS bioaccumulation were comparable. This study suggests that although PFASs are a type of proteinophilic compounds, humic substances also have important effects on their bioavailability and bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms.
authors.affiliation: School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing 100875, China. Electronic address: xiaxh@bnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xinghui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing 100875, China.
authors.forename: Zhineng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing 100875, China.
authors.forename: Andry Harinaina
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Rabearisoa
authors.affiliation: School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing 100875, China.
authors.forename: Pujun
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing 100875, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoman
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000418:Albumins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017738:Alkanesulfonic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001578:Benzopyrans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003621:Daphnia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000378:metabolism; D006812:Humic Substances; D010461:Peptones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000418:Albumins; D017738:Alkanesulfonic Acids; D001578:Benzopyrans; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005466:Fluorocarbons; D006812:Humic Substances; D010461:Peptones; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C005023:fulvic acid
keywords: Bioavailability; Daphnia magna; Dissolved organic matter (DOM); Humic acid; Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs); Sorption