title: [Dyslalias associated to maloclussion in schoolchildren].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The test for evaluating phonological simplification processes (TEPROSIF, according to its initials in Spanish) is a tool which is used to identify dyslalias. Our objective was to establish, by using TEPROSIF, the association between dyslalias and malocclusion in children from 4 to 6 years of age.
  
  
  METHODS
  After we standardized the tool with a kappa of 0.9, we applied it to 116 children from 4 to 6 years of age. Patients were conducted to a central occlusion through deglutition. We observed type of bite, overbite, occlusion and terminal plane in order to relate them to the dyslalia presented. For statistical analysis, we used chi-squared test (p < 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  They were 55 (47.4 %) boys and 61 (52.6 %) girls, with a median age of 5 years ± 0.71. Phoneme substitution was the most common alteration. We found significant correlation between omission of the phonemes and terminal plane (p = 0.01), Baume type I arch (p = 0.00) and absence of teeth (p = 0.00), as well as between phoneme substitution and terminal plane (p = 0.03), bite type (p = 0.01) and absence of teeth (p = 0.00).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Phoneme substitution is the most common alteration, followed by omission and distortion of phonemes in children between 4 and 6 years of age.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciencias Estomatológicas, Terminal de Pediatría, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Puebla, México. alvaro.montielj@imss.gob.mx, dralmoja@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vázquez-Reyes
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reyes Y Zepeda
authors.forename: Angeles
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moyaho-Bernal
authors.forename: Alicia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moreno-García
authors.forename: Alvaro José
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Montiel-Jarquín
authors.forename: Ana Karen
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Hernández-Ruíz
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bejarano-Huertas
authors.forename: Aurelio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: López-Colombo
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000150:complications*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013064:Speech Disorders / Q000209:etiology*
keywords: Articulation disorders; Malocclusion; Speech disorders