title: Parent-to-parent support for parents with children who are deaf or hard of hearing: a conceptual framework.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Parent-to-parent support for parents with children who are deaf or hard of hearing (D/HH) is identified as an important component of Early Hearing Detection and Intervention (EHDI) programs for children with hearing loss.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The specific aim of this review was to identify the constructs and components of parent-to-parent support for parents of children who are D/HH.
  
  
  METHODS
  An extensive scoping literature review identified 39 peer-reviewed articles published from 2000 to 2014. Studies were selected and reviewed based on standardized procedures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data were identified, extracted, and organized into libraries of thematic and descriptive content. A conceptual framework of parent-to-parent support for parents of children who are D/HH was developed and presented in a comprehensive, bidirectional informational graphic. The constructs and components of the conceptual framework are (a) well-being: parent, family, and child; (b) knowledge: advocacy, system navigation, and education; and (c) empowerment: confidence and competence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings from this scoping review led to the development of a structured conceptual framework of parent-to-parent support for parents of children who are D/HH. The conceptual framework provides an important opportunity to explore and clearly define the vital contribution of parents in EHDI programs.
authors.forename: Rebecca J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Henderson
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Sheila
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moodie
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003638:Deafness / Q000523:psychology*; D000066498:Emotional Adjustment; D006311:Hearing Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D010379:Peer Group; D012657:Self-Help Groups; D012944:Social Support