title: Association of hypertension with coronary artery disease onset in the Lebanese population.
abstract: The onset of coronary artery disease (CAD) is influenced by cardiovascular risk factors that often occur in clusters and may build on one another. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between hypertension and CAD age of onset in the Lebanese population. This retrospective analysis was performed on data extracted from Lebanese patients (n = 3,753). Logistic regression examined the association of hypertension with the age at CAD diagnosis after controlling for other traditional risk factors. The effect of antihypertensive drugs and lifestyle changes on the onset of CAD was also investigated. Results showed that hypertension is associated with late onset CAD (OR=0.656, 95% CI=0.504-0.853, p=0.001). Use of antihypertensive drugs showed a similar association with delayed CAD onset. When comparing age of onset in CAD patients with traditional risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, obesity, smoking and family history of CAD, the age of onset was significantly higher for patients with hypertension compared to those with any of the other risk factors studied (p < 0.001). In conclusion, hypertension and its treatment are associated with late coronary atherosclerotic manifestations in Lebanese population. This observation is currently under investigation to clarify its genetic and/or environmental mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Lebanese American University, School of Pharmacy, Byblos 36, Lebanon.
authors.forename: Aline
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Milane
authors.affiliation: Lebanese American University, School of Pharmacy, Byblos 36, Lebanon.
authors.forename: Jad
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Abdallah
authors.affiliation: Lebanese American University, School of Pharmacy, Byblos 36, Lebanon.
authors.forename: Roy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kanbar
authors.affiliation: School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos 36, Lebanon.
authors.forename: Georges
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Khazen
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, 1102 2801 Lebanon.
authors.forename: Michella
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ghassibe-Sabbagh
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, 1102 2801 Lebanon.
authors.forename: Angelique K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Salloum
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, 1102 2801 Lebanon.
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Youhanna
authors.affiliation: Lebanese American University, School of Pharmacy, Byblos 36, Lebanon.
authors.forename: Aline
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saad
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, 1102 2801 Lebanon.
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: El Bayeh
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, 1102 2801 Lebanon.
authors.forename: Elie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chammas
authors.affiliation: Bioinformatics and Pattern Discovery, IBM T. J. Watson Research Centre, Yorktown Hgts, NY 10598 USA.
authors.forename: Daniel E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Platt
authors.affiliation: CEA-Genomics Institute, Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, 91057 France.
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hager
authors.affiliation: The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN UK ; INSERM UMRS872, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 15 Rue de l'école de Médecine, Paris, 75006 France.
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gauguier
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, 1102 2801 Lebanon ; Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zalloua
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
authors.forename: Antoine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abchee
keywords: Antihypertensive drugs; Coronary artery disease (CAD); Hypertension; Lebanese population; Risk factors; Therapeutic lifestyle changes