title: Visual mismatch negativity: a predictive coding view.
abstract: An increasing number of studies investigate the visual mismatch negativity (vMMN) or use the vMMN as a tool to probe various aspects of human cognition. This paper reviews the theoretical underpinnings of vMMN in the light of methodological considerations and provides recommendations for measuring and interpreting the vMMN. The following key issues are discussed from the experimentalist's point of view in a predictive coding framework: (1) experimental protocols and procedures to control "refractoriness" effects; (2) methods to control attention; (3) vMMN and veridical perception.
authors.affiliation: Translational Neuromodeling Unit, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ; Laboratory for Social and Neural Systems Research, Department of Economics, University of Zurich Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Gábor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Stefanics
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kremláček
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Natural Sciences, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: István
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Czigler
keywords: EEG; ERP; perceptual learning; prediction error; predictive coding; repetition suppression; stimulus specific adaptation; visual mismatch negativity