title: Lipase Supplementation before a High-Fat Meal Reduces Perceptions of Fullness in Healthy Subjects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Postprandial symptoms of fullness and abdominal discomfort are common after fatty meals. Gastric lipases hydrolyze 10% to 20% of dietary triglycerides during the stomach trituration period of digestion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of acid-resistant lipase on upper gastrointestinal symptoms, including fullness and bloating, as well as on gastric myoelectrical activity after healthy subjects ingested a high-fat, liquid meal.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study utilized a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design with 16 healthy volunteers who ingested either a capsule containing 280 mg of acid-resistant lipase or a placebo immediately before a fatty meal (355 calories, 55% fat). Participants rated their stomach fullness, bloating, and nausea before and at timed intervals for 60 minutes after the meal. Electrogastrograms were obtained to assess the gastric myoelectrical activity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Stomach fullness, bloating, and nausea increased significantly 10 minutes after ingestion of the fatty meal (p<0.01), whereas normal gastric myoelectrical activity decreased and tachygastria increased (p<0.05). With lipase, reports of stomach fullness were significantly lower compared with placebo (p<0.05), but no effect on gastric myoelectrical activity or other upper gastrointestinal symptoms was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The high-fat meal induced transient fullness, bloating, nausea, and tachygastria in healthy individuals, consistent with postprandial distress syndrome. Acid-resistant lipase supplementation significantly decreased stomach fullness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Siena College, Loudonville, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Max E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Levine
authors.affiliation: Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Sara Yanchis
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Koch
authors.affiliation: Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Kenneth L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Koch
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D000328:Adult; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000523:psychology; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004415:Dyspepsia / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D005769:Gastrointestinal Motility / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D008049:Lipase / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D062407:Meals; D008875:Middle Aged; D016065:Myoelectric Complex, Migrating; D009325:Nausea / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D019518:Postprandial Period; D013270:Stomach / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D008049:Lipase
keywords: Acid-resistant lipase; Dyspepsia symptoms; Electrogastrography; Fullness; Gastric myoelectrical activity; Lipase supplementation