title: Rapidly growing and ulcerating metastatic renal cell carcinoma of the lower lip: A case report and review of the literature.
abstract: Renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) have a tendency to metastasize at an early stage, therefore, the patients frequently exhibit metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis. Common locations for the metastases are adjacent organs and abdominal lymph nodes; however, occasionally metastasis to the peripheral organs may be the initial clinical symptom. The 71-year-old male patient in the current case suffered from radioresistant and aggressively behaving RCC metastasis in the mandible and lower lip, which was successfully managed by surgical resection. RCC metastasis to the facial area is considered to be uncommon based on a review of the existing literature. RCC are somewhat radioresistant and therefore, palliative surgery must be considered when treating patients with this metastatic disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland.
authors.forename: Juho
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Suojanen
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland.
authors.forename: Esa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Färkkilä
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland.
authors.forename: Tessa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Helkamaa
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland.
authors.forename: Venla
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Loimu
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland.
authors.forename: Jyrki
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Törnwall
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lindqvist
authors.affiliation: The Haartman Institute, Department of Pathology and HUSLAB, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland.
authors.forename: Jaana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hagström
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland.
authors.forename: Karri
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mesimäki
keywords: head and neck; lip; metastasis; renal cell carcinoma