title: Volitional processes and daily smoking: examining inter- and intraindividual associations around a quit attempt.
abstract: The Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) assumes that volitional processes are important for effective behavioral change. However, intraindividual associations have not yet been tested in the context of smoking cessation. This study examined the inter- and intraindividual associations between volitional HAPA variables and daily smoking before and after a quit attempt. Overall, 100 smokers completed daily surveys on mobile phones from 10 days before until 21 days after a self-set quit date, including self-efficacy, action planning, action control, and numbers of cigarettes smoked. Negative associations between volitional variables and daily numbers of cigarettes smoked emerged at the inter- and intraindividual level. Except for interindividual action planning, associations were stronger after the quit date than before the quit date. Self-efficacy, planning and action control were identified as critical inter- and intraindividual processes in smoking cessation, particularly after a self-set quit attempt when actual behavior change is performed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Health Psychology, University of Bern, Fabrikstrasse 8, 3012, Bern, Switzerland, corina.berli@psy.unibe.ch.
authors.forename: Corina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Berli
authors.forename: Sibylle
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ochsner
authors.forename: Gertraud
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Stadler
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Knoll
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hornung
authors.forename: Urte
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Scholz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000523:psychology*; D014836:Volition; D055815:Young Adult