title: Compliance with New York City's beverage regulations and beverage consumption among children in early child care centers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This article examines the association between the New York City regulations on beverages served in child care centers and beverage consumption among enrolled children. The regulations include requirements related to beverages served to children throughout the day.
  
  
  METHODS
  Beverage consumption data were collected on 636 children enrolled in 106 group child care centers in New York City. Data on compliance with the regulations were collected through direct observation, interviews with center staff, and a site inventory. Logistic regression for rare events was used to test associations between compliance with the regulations and beverage consumption.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compliance with the regulations was associated with lower odds of children consuming milk with more than 1% fat content and sugar-sweetened beverages during meals and snacks. There was not a significant relationship between compliance with the regulations and children's consumption of water.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings suggest a strong, direct relationship between what a center serves and what a child consumes, particularly regarding consumption of higher-fat milk and sugar-sweetened beverages. Therefore, policies governing the types of beverages served in child care centers may increase children's consumption of more healthful beverages and reduce the consumption of less healthful ones.
authors.affiliation: ICF International, Three Corporate Square, Suite 370, Atlanta, GA 30329. Telephone: 404-321-3211. E-mail: jKakietek@icfi.com.
authors.forename: Jakub
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kakietek
authors.affiliation: ICF International, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Thearis A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Osuji
authors.affiliation: ICF International, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Sarah Abood
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: O'Dell
authors.affiliation: CDC Foundation, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Breck
authors.affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kettel Khan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001628:Beverages; D002656:Child Day Care Centers / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence* / Q000592:standards*; D002664:Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005522:Food Services / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D008892:Milk; D009519:New York City; D018673:Nutrition Policy; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D014867:Water