title: Niosomes of ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol in the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model in male rats.
abstract: The objective of the present study was to prepare a stable iv injectable formulation of ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol in preventing the cerebral ischemia. Different niosomal formulations were prepared by Span and Tween mixed with cholesterol. The physicochemical characteristics of niosomal formulations were evaluated in vitro. For in vivo evaluation, the rats were made ischemic by middle cerebral artery occlusion model for 30 min and the selected formulation was used for determining its neuroprotective effect against cerebral ischemia. Neuronal damage was evaluated by optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The encapsulation efficiency of ascorbic acid was increased to more than 84% by remote loading method. The cholesterol content of the niosomes, the hydrophilicity potential of the encapsulated compounds, and the preparation method of niosomes were the main factors affecting the mean volume diameter of the prepared vesicles. High physical stability of the niosomes prepared from Span 40 and Span 60 was demonstrated due to negligible size change of vesicles during 6 months storage at 4-8(°)C. In vivo studies showed that ST60/Chol 35 : 35 : 30 niosomes had more neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemic injuries in male rats than free ascorbic acid.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Centre, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 81745-359, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Jaleh
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Varshosaz
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutics Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 76175-493, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Somayeh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taymouri
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutics Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 76175-493, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Abbas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pardakhty
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7619813159, Iran.
authors.forename: Majid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Asadi-Shekaari
authors.affiliation: Anatomical Sciences Department, Afzali Pour Medical Faculty, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 76175-493, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Abodolreza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Babaee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000473:pathology; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000150:complications; D008081:Liposomes; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010316:Particle Size; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D008081:Liposomes; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol; D001205:Ascorbic Acid