title: Comparison of antibody responses to HIV infection in Ugandan women infected with HIV subtypes A and D.
abstract: We compared the serologic response to HIV infection in Ugandan women with HIV subtype A (N=82) and D (N=32) infection using a limiting antigen avidity assay (LAg-Avidity assay); 2,614 samples were analyzed. Study participants were followed a median of 6.6 years after HIV seroconversion. Samples were classified as assay positive if they had a LAg-Avidity assay result <1.5 normalized optical density units (OD-n). Women with subtype D infection were more likely to have delayed antibody maturation. During the first 2 years after seroconversion, the mean time that women had an assay-positive result (mean duration of recent infection, MDRI) was longer for women with subtype D infection than women with subtype A infection (267.9 days, 95% CI: 231.2-308.2 vs. 167.3 days, 95% CI: 151.8-185.9 days, p<0.01). The MDRI was also longer for women with subtype D infection after excluding low viral load samples and samples from women on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Women infected for >2 years were also more likely to be misclassified as recently infected in they had subtype D infection. Women with subtype D infection were also more likely to have antibody waning compared to women with subtype A infection. These findings may be related to the higher pathogenicity of subtype D HIV infection and are relevant to use of the LAg-Avidity assay for cross-sectional HIV incidence estimation in populations where subtype D infection is prevalent.
authors.affiliation: 1 Laboratory of Immunoregulation, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases , NIH, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Andrew F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Longosz
authors.forename: Charles S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Morrison
authors.forename: Pai-Lien
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hilmarie H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Brand
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arts
authors.forename: Immaculate
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nankya
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Salata
authors.forename: Thomas C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Quinn
authors.forename: Susan H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Eshleman
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Laeyendecker
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000917:Antibody Formation; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006678:HIV / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000097:blood*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D014454:Uganda; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015483:HIV Antibodies