title: Prevalence of urinary incontinence and associated factors in nursing home residents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) and associated factors in the institutionalized elderly.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study is presented herein, conducted between October and December 2013, in 10 nursing homes in the city of Natal (Northeast Brazil). Individuals over the age of 60, who reside in institutions, were included. Hospitalized individuals and those at end of life were excluded. Data collection included sociodemographic information, UI characterization, as well as variables related to the institution itself and to health conditions (comorbidities, medication, pelvic floor surgery, Barthel Index for functional capacity, and Pfeiffer test for cognitive status). UI was verified through the Minimum Data Set (MDS) version 3.0, which was also used to assess urinary devices and UI toileting programs. The Chi-square test (or Fisher's exact test), the linear Chi-square test, and logistic regression were utilized to model associations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The final sample consisted of 321 elderly, mostly females, with a mean age of 81.5 years. The prevalence of UI was 58.88% (CI 95%: 53.42-64.13) and the final model revealed a statistically significant association between UI and white race, physical inactivity, stroke, mobility impairment, and cognitive decline. The most frequent UI type was functional UI and toileting programs (prompted voiding) were only applied to approximately 8% of residents.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is concluded that UI is a health issue that affects more than half of the institutionalized elderly, and is associated with white race, physical inactivity, stroke, and other geriatric syndromes such as immobility and cognitive disability.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Program in Collective Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Lagoa Nova, Natal-RN, Brazil.|Rehabilitation Service, Hospital Can Misses, Ibiza, Balearic Islands, Spain.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jerez-Roig
authors.affiliation: Graduate Program in Collective Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Lagoa Nova, Natal-RN, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marquiony M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Graduate Program in Collective Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Lagoa Nova, Natal-RN, Brazil.
authors.forename: Dyego L B
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: Graduate Program in Collective Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Lagoa Nova, Natal-RN, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabienne Louise J S
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Amaral
authors.affiliation: Graduate Program in Collective Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Lagoa Nova, Natal-RN, Brazil.
authors.forename: Kenio C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Lima
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006707:Homes for the Aged; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009735:Nursing Homes; D015995:Prevalence; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000453:epidemiology*
keywords: ageing; elderly; nursing homes; urinary incontinence