title: Maternal periodontal disease and risk of preeclampsia: a meta-analysis.
abstract: Research on the association between maternal periodontal disease and the risk of preeclampsia has generated inconsistent results. This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between maternal periodontal disease and the risk of preeclampsia. A literature search of PubMed and Embase was performed to identify relevant papers published before March 2013. Only observational studies that assessed maternal periodontal disease and the risk of preeclampsia were selected. Patients' periodontal status was examined at different time points during pregnancy or after delivery (at 14-32 weeks of gestation, within 48 h prior to or within 5 days after delivery). Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for cases and controls. Cases were defined as women with concurrent hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation. Eleven studies involving 1118 women with preeclampsia and 2798 women without preeclampsia were identified and analyzed. Women with periodontal disease before 32 weeks of gestation had a 3.69-fold higher risk of developing preeclampsia than their counterparts without periodontal disease (OR=3.69; 95% CI=2.58-5.27). Periodontal disease within 48 h prior to delivery was associated with a 2.68-fold higher risk of preeclampsia (OR=2.68; 95% CI=1.39-5.18). Pregnant women with periodontal disease within 5 days after delivery had a 2.22-fold higher risk of preeclampsia than women without periodontal disease (OR=2.22; 95% CI=1.16-4.27). In conclusion, this meta-analysis suggests that maternal periodontal disease is an independent predictor of preeclampsia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China. gezilisz@sohu.com.
authors.forename: Zi-Li
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Ge
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D064887:Observational Studies as Topic; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012307:Risk Factors