title: In vivo anthelmintic efficacy of Aloe ferox, Agave sisalana, and Gunnera perpensa in village chickens naturally infected with Heterakis gallinarum.
abstract: The study was conducted to determine the anthelmintic efficacy of Aloe ferox, Agave sisalana, and Gunnera perpensa against Heterakis gallinarum in village chickens. The chickens naturally infected with H. gallinarum were randomly divided into 14 groups of eight chickens and orally administered distilled water (negative control), mebendazole (positive control), and graded levels (50-, 100-, 200-, and 400-mg/kg doses) of the three plant extracts. At days 0, 7, and 14, the floatation technique was used to determine fecal egg counts and H. gallinarum worms from chicken ceca were counted at days 0 and 14. Egg count reduction percentage (ECR%) was high at day 7 for all the test materials except for A. sisalana (100 mg/kg) that had 33%. At day 14, ECR% was high for all the other test materials save for A. ferox (200 mg/kg), mebendazole, and distilled water which was 50, 32, and 50%, respectively. A. ferox (200 mg/kg), G. perpensa (200 and 400 mg/kg), and A. sisalana (50 and 100 mg/kg) had the highest (85, 78, 74, 86, and 73%, respectively) worm count reduction percentage. The plants had anthelmintic properties. Advocacy and utilization of these plants in improving the health of village chickens could lead to increased productivity, boosting profits for the poultry industry thereby enabling it to meet the supply of animal protein and enhance livelihoods. It is imperative to determine compounds in the crude extracts of these medicinal plants which are responsible for the anthelmintic activities and their mechanism of action.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Rural Development, University of Venda, P. Bag X5050, Thohoyandou, 0950, South Africa, mukudzeishe@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Marizvikuru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mwale
authors.forename: Patrick Julius
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Masika
mesh_terms: D027882:Agave / Q000737:chemistry; D000504:Aloe / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002645:Chickens / Q000469:parasitology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D019684:Magnoliopsida / Q000737:chemistry; D009348:Nematoda; D009349:Nematode Infections / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D010270:Parasite Egg Count; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000628:therapy*; D013019:South Africa
chemical_list: D000871:Anthelmintics; D010936:Plant Extracts