title: Sphingomonas aeria sp. nov. from indoor air of a pharmaceutical environment.
abstract: A proteobacterial strain designated R1-3(T) was isolated from indoor air of a pharmaceutical environment. Cells were Gram-stain-negative, oxidase- and catalase-positive, aerobic, motile and rod-shaped. Strain R1-3(T) grew optimally at pH 7, 30 °C and in 0-2 % NaCl on R2A agar. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain R1-3(T) belongs to the genus Sphingomonas, and is closely related to Sphingomonas paucimobilis ATCC 29837(T) (98.4 % sequence similarity). However, the DNA-DNA relatedness between the two strains was 43 ± 5 % (reciprocal = 37 ± 3 %), which was well below the suggested level for species distinction. Sphingomonas yabuuchiae GTC868(T) (97.7 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and Sphingomonas pseudosanguinis G1-2(T) (97.6 %) were also found as distantly related taxa. Strain R1-3(T) was sensitive to most of the tested antibiotics except for erythromycin and streptomycin. The major fatty acid was a summed feature consisting of C18:1 ω7c and/or C18:1 ω6c, and minor proportions of C14:0 2-OH, C16:0 and a summed feature consisting of C16:1 ω7c and/or C16:1 ω6c were also present. The DNA G + C content was 67.2 ± 1.0 mol%. The major polyamines were sym-homospermidine and spermidine. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, and minor amounts of a sphingoglycolipid, a phospholipid, an aminoglycolipid and an unidentified lipid were also present. The phenotypic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic data not only supported the affiliation of strain R1-3(T) to the genus Sphingomonas, but also distinguished R1-3(T) from related species. On the basis of physiological, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic evidences, strain R1-3(T) clearly merits recognition as a novel species of Sphingomonas, for which the name Sphingomonas aeria sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is R1-3(T) (= KCTC 42061(T) = JCM 19859(T)).
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong, Daejeon, 305-764, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hong Kyo
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Ji-Hye
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Tae-Su
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yochan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Joung
authors.forename: Sung-Heun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Soon-Wo
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Seung Bum
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000332:Aerobiosis; D000391:Air Microbiology; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003600:Cytosol / Q000737:chemistry; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004345:Drug Industry; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D008124:Locomotion; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000032:analysis; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000378:metabolism; D013095:Spermidine / Q000032:analysis; D020578:Sphingomonas / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D005227:Fatty Acids; D010743:Phospholipids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D013095:Spermidine