title: Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in large doses attenuate seizures, cognitive impairment, and hippocampal oxidative DNA damage in young kindled rats.
abstract: Omega-3 (OM3) dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids have promising seizure-protective effects, as well as enhancing effects of cognitive development and memory-related learning. This study aimed to explore the effect of large doses of OM3 on cognitive impairment and hippocampal oxidative DNA damage produced by seizures in epileptic children using a PTZ-kindled young rat model. Cognitive functions, biomarkers of oxidative stress, and DNA damage were assessed in PTZ-kindled young rats (30 mg/kg, i.p. once every other day for 13 injections) pretreated with OM3 (200-500 mg/kg, p.o.). Pretreatment with OM3 at the tested doses significantly attenuated PTZ-induced seizures and decreased cognitive impairment in both passive avoidance and elevated plus maze tests in the PTZ-kindled rats. Moreover, OM3 significantly attenuated the increase in hippocampal malondialdehyde and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels, as well as the decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH) levels and GSH-peroxidase activity induced by PTZ kindling, in a dose-related manner. Relatively large dose levels of OM3 (200-500 mg/kg) effectively attenuated seizures and their associated cognitive deficits, and reduced oxidative stress and hippocampal DNA damage in PTZ-kindled young rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt. Electronic address: basel_post@msn.com.
authors.forename: Basel A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Abdel-Wahab
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Jobran M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Al-Qahtani
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Samy A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: El-Safty
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D007696:Kindling, Neurologic; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012640:Seizures / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3
keywords: DNA damage; Epilepsy and cognition; Omega-3; Oxidative stress; Passive avoidance; Pentylenetetrazole kindling