title: Association of Ki-67 antigen and p53 protein at invasive tumor front of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Studies reveal that invasive tumor front may be the best field for quantification of proliferative and apoptotic markers. The current study assessed the expression of Ki-67 antigen and p53 protein at invasive tumor front of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and correlated the immunostaining with the histologic grades of malignancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 80 slides sample was prepared for the study, one each from ten normal oral mucosa cases and two each from 30 OSCC cases. The OSCC patients were biopsied along invasive tumor front, and samples were immunohistochemically analyzed for the expression of both Ki-67 antigen and p53 protein.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the total 30 OSCC cases, the expression of p53 was found positive in 20 cases (66.6%), while Ki-67 expression was found positive in 21 cases (70%). All the cases in the control group were negative. A higher p53 and Ki-67 expression were seen in OSCC group as compared to normal mucosa. On comparing the control group with various grades of OSCC a statistically significant result was obtained.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Higher and statistically significant expression was noted for both p53 and Ki-67 antigen. The results emphasize the potential of Ki-67 and p53 as biomarkers of carcinogenesis in OSCC. Ki-67 expression was comparatively higher when compared with p53 except in poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma and signifies actively proliferating malignant cells at invasive tumor front.
authors.forename: Ruchita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Verma
authors.forename: Anil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Rohit
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jaiswal
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dental Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Akhilesh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chandra
authors.forename: Renuka
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Verma
authors.forename: Jalaj
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tak
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D006801:Humans; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000473:pathology*; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology; D016707:Tissue Fixation; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; C495901:TP53 protein, human; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53