title: Post-procedural hemodiafiltration in acute coronary syndrome patients with associated renal and cardiac dysfunction undergoing urgent and emergency coronary angiography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the use of a 3-hr treatment with hemodiafiltration, initiated soon after emergency or urgent coronary angiography in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients with associated severe renal and cardiac dysfunction.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Patients with ACS and severe combined renal and cardiac dysfunction have a particularly high mortality risk. In them, the ideal strategy to both optimize treatment of coronary disease and minimize renal injury risk is currently unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was an interventional study. ACS patients (STEMI and NSTEMI) with associated severe renal (eGFR ≤30 ml/min/1.73 m(2) ) and cardiac (LVEF ≤40%) dysfunction, admitted at La Spezia Hospital <24 hr from symptoms onset, underwent a prophylactic 3-hr hemodiafiltration treatment, which was started soon after urgent or emergency coronary procedure. Controls were patients matched for age, gender, Mehran's risk score, and kind of ACS, admitted at the Centro Cardiologico Monzino Milan. In-hospital and 1-year outcomes were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty patients (30% STEMI), 30 hemodiafiltration-treated patients and 30 controls, with similar baseline characteristics, were included. In-hospital and cumulative 1-year mortality rates were significantly lower in hemodiafiltration-treated patients than in controls (3% vs. 23%; P = 0.05, and 10% vs. 53%; P < 0.001, respectively). Moreover, they had a lower incidence of severe AKI (10% vs. 40%; P = 0.015) and lower need for rescue renal replacement therapy during hospitalization (7% vs. 27%; P = 0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our pilot study suggests that, in ACS patients with severe renal and cardiac insufficiency, treatment with an aggressive prophylactic hemodiafiltration session after urgent or emergency coronary angiography seems to be associated with a relevant improvement in survival.
authors.affiliation: Intensive Cardiac Care Unit, Centro CardiologicoMonzino, I.R.C.C.S., Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Giancarlo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marenzi
authors.forename: Gianfranco
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mazzotta
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Londrino
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gistri
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moltrasio
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cabiati
authors.forename: Emilio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Assanelli
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Veglia
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rombolà
mesh_terms: D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology; D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D059347:Cardio-Renal Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004630:Emergencies; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D017583:Hemodiafiltration; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D007668:Kidney / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013318:Stroke Volume; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left
keywords: acute coronary syndromes; acute kidney injury; cardio-renal dysfunction; percutaneous coronary intervention