title: The Upper Extremity Functional Index (UEFI): cross-cultural adaptation, reliability, and validity of the Turkish version.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Turkish version of the Upper Extremity Functional Index (UEFI) may help to assess shoulder function in patients with shoulder impingement syndrome (SAIS).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To translate and cross-culturally adapted UEFI into Turkish and to assess its acceptability, reliability, validity in patients with SAIS.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study conducted with 93 SAIS participants. UEFI, the short version of the Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand scale (Quick DASH), the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index, and the Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36) were administered. Acceptability was assessed in terms of refusal rate, rates of missing responses, and administration time. Test-retest reliability was assessed with intra class correlation coefficient (ICC), internal consistency was assessed with Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Validity was assessed by floor and ceiling effects, skew of distributions and Pearson's correlation coefficients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the UEFI at Time 1 and Time 2 were as follows: α = 0.89 and α = 0.89. Average measure ICC was 0.80. The UEFI score demonstrated strong negative correlations with SPADI total score and Quick DASH score. There was not a significant correlation between the UEFI and mental health subscale score derived from SF-36.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Turkish version of UEFI is acceptable, valid, and reliable.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Aydan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aytar
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Zeliha Ozlem
authors.initials: ZO
authors.lastname: Yuruk
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey.
authors.forename: Emine Handan
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Tuzun
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Gul
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Baltaci
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Metin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karatas
authors.affiliation: Turkish Ministry of Health, General Directorate of Health Researches, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Levent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Eker
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012782:Shoulder / Q000503:physiopathology*; D019534:Shoulder Impingement Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D020069:Shoulder Pain / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014421:Turkey; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000503:physiopathology*
keywords: Shoulder; outcome measure; questionnaire; reliability; validation