title: Leisure in children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a systematic review.
abstract: The aim of this systematic review is to describe participation in social and physical leisure activities among children and adolescents with JIA, as well as identify potential determinants of leisure participation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Electronic databases were systematically searched for articles published up until June 2013 pertaining to participation in leisure activities among youth with JIA and other rheumatic diseases. Studies were included if they measured involvement in either social or physical leisure activities. Selection and quality appraisal of articles were completed independently by two authors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight hundred and ninety-three articles were found through electronic and reference search. One hundred and nine full articles were reviewed to assess for eligibility. Twelve articles met inclusion criteria and findings were reviewed. Most focused on describing participation in physical rather than social activities. Results suggest that youth with JIA participated less in both social and physical leisure activities as compared to healthy peers, and those with JIA did not meet national recommendations for physical activity. Potential determinants of leisure participation were socio-demographic (age, sex), anthropometric (height, weight) and disease-related (JIA subtype, disease duration, pain, number of swollen or painful joints, stiffness, fatigue, well-being) factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Characterization of leisure activity remains limited and mostly focused on physical activity in JIA. Assessment of more comprehensive outcome measures is warranted to obtain a better description of leisure in this population. Evidence of the influence of contextual factors as potential determinants of involvement in leisure among children with pediatric rheumatologic diseases is needed.
authors.affiliation: Département de Médecine Sociale et Préventive, École de Santé Publique, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Institut de Recherche en Santé Publique Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Centre de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Réadaptation du Montréal Métropolitain, Institut de Réadaptation de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Sabrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cavallo
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Karine Toupin
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: April
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Viviane
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Grandpierre
authors.affiliation: Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada; School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Majnemer
authors.affiliation: Département de Médecine Sociale et Préventive, École de Santé Publique, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Institut de Recherche en Santé Publique Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Centre de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Réadaptation du Montréal Métropolitain, Institut de Réadaptation de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; École de Réadaptation, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Direction de Santé Publique de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Debbie Ehrmann
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Feldman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001171:Arthritis, Juvenile / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D007899:Leisure Activities; D009043:Motor Activity