title: Identification of Mood-Relevant Brain Connections Using a Continuous, Subject-Driven Rumination Paradigm.
abstract: Rumination, an internal cognitive state characterized by recursive thinking of current self-distress and past negative events, has been found to correlate with the development of depressive disorders. Here, we investigated the feasibility of using connectivity for distinguishing different emotional states induced by a novel free-streaming, subject-driven experimental paradigm. Connectivity between 78 functional regions of interest (ROIs) within 14 large-scale networks and 6 structural ROIs particularly relevant to emotional processing were used for classifying 4 mental states in 19 healthy controls. The 4 mental states comprised: An unconstrained period of mind wandering; a ruminative mental state self-induced by recalling a time of personal disappointment; a euphoric mental state self-induced by recalling what brings the subject joy; and a sequential episodic recollection of the events of the day. A support vector machine achieved accuracies ranging from 89% to 94% in classifying pairs of different mental states. We reported the most significant brain connections that best discriminated these mental states. In particular, connectivity changes involving the amygdala were found to be important for distinguishing the rumination condition from the other mental states. Our results demonstrated that connectivity-based classification of subject-driven emotional states constitutes a novel and effective approach for studying ruminative behavior.
authors.affiliation: War Related Illness and Injury Study Center, VA Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.|Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences.
authors.forename: Anna-Clare
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Milazzo
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Functional Imaging in Neuropsychiatric Disorders (FIND) Laboratory, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.|Parietal Team, INRIA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.affiliation: Interdepartmental Program in Neuroscience, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Heidi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Functional Imaging in Neuropsychiatric Disorders (FIND) Laboratory,Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shirer
authors.affiliation: Parietal Team, INRIA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
authors.forename: Gael
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Varoquaux
authors.affiliation: Parietal Team, INRIA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
authors.forename: Jean Baptiste
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Poline
authors.affiliation: Parietal Team, INRIA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
authors.forename: Bertrand
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Thirion
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Functional Imaging in Neuropsychiatric Disorders (FIND) Laboratory,Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Greicius
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect / Q000502:physiology*; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D061212:Memory, Episodic; D011939:Mental Recall / Q000502:physiology; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000502:physiology; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D012146:Rest; D060388:Support Vector Machine; D013850:Thinking / Q000502:physiology
keywords: classification; functional connectivity; resting state; rumination; subject-driven cognition