title: 25-hydroxyvitamin D and its relationship with autonomic dysfunction using time- and frequency-domain parameters of heart rate variability in Korean populations: a cross-sectional study.
abstract: Previous studies have demonstrated that reduced heart rate variability (HRV) and hypovitaminosis D are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, few reports have investigated the effects of vitamin D on HRV. This cross-sectional study analyzed serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and HRV indices using 5-min R-R interval recordings with an automatic three-channel electrocardiography in healthy subjects (103 males and 73 females). Standard deviation of N-N interval (SDNN), square root of mean squared differences of successive N-N intervals (RMSSD), total power (TP), very low frequency (VLF), low frequency (LF), and high frequency (HF) were reported. The mean age of subjects was 55.3 ± 11.3 years and the mean 25(OH)D level was 21.2 ± 9.9 ng/mL. In a multiple linear regression model, 25(OH)D was positively correlated with SDNN (β = 0.240, p < 0.002), and LF (β = 0.144, p = 0.044). Vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D < 15 ng/mL) was associated with decreased SDNN (<30 m/s) (OR, 3.07; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.32-7.14; p = 0.014) after adjusting for covariates. We found that lower 25(OH)D levels were associated with lower HRV, suggesting a possible explanation for the higher risk of CVD in populations with hypovitaminosis D.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, 602-739 Busan, Korea. 03141998@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: Young Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Tak
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, 602-739 Busan, Korea. jeklee@pnu.edu.
authors.forename: Jeong Gyu
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, 602-739 Busan, Korea. yujkim@pusan.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Yun Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Medical Education Unit and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, 626-870 Yangsan, Korea. saylee@pnu.edu.
authors.forename: Sang Yeoup
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine and Occupational Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, 626-770 Yangsan, Korea. bmcho@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: Byung Mann
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Cho
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000502:physiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007723:Korea; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D