title: Interventions targeting mental health self-stigma: A review and comparison.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  With growing awareness of the impact of mental illness self-stigma, interest has arisen in the development of interventions to combat it. The present article briefly reviews and compares interventions targeting self-stigma to clarify the similarities and important differences between the interventions.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a narrative review of published literature on interventions targeting self-stigma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six intervention approaches (Healthy Self-Concept, Self-Stigma Reduction Program, Ending Self-Stigma, Narrative Enhancement and Cognitive Therapy, Coming Out Proud, and Anti-Stigma Photo-Voice Intervention) were identified and are discussed, and data is reviewed on format, group-leader backgrounds, languages, number of sessions, primary mechanisms of action, and the current state of data on their efficacy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude with a discussion of common elements and important distinctions between the interventions and a consideration of which interventions might be best suited to particular populations or settings.
authors.affiliation: Psychology Department, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, City University of New York.
authors.forename: Philip T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Yanos
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland Medical School.
authors.forename: Alicia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lucksted
authors.affiliation: VISN 5 Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA Maryland Health Care System.
authors.forename: Amy L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Drapalski
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Mental Health, University of Haifa.
authors.forename: David
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6197-0989
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Roe
authors.affiliation: Roudebush VA Medical Center.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6617-9387
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lysaker
mesh_terms: D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D010379:Peer Group; D011615:Psychotherapy, Group / Q000379:methods; D012649:Self Concept; D057545:Social Stigma; D013240:Stereotyping