title: High shear homogenization of lignin to nanolignin and thermal stability of nanolignin-polyvinyl alcohol blends.
abstract: A new method to prepare nanolignin using a simple high shear homogenizer is presented. The kraft lignin particles with a broad distribution ranging from large micron- to nano-sized particles were completely homogenized to nanolignin particles with sizes less than 100 nm after 4 h of mechanical shearing. The (13) C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and (31) P NMR analysis showed that there were no major changes in the chemical composition between the starting kraft lignin particles and the nanolignin obtained after 4 h of mechanical treatment. The nanolignin particles did not show any change in molecular weight distribution and polydispersity compared to the original lignin particles. The nanolignin particles when used with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) increased the thermal stability of nanolignin/PVA blends more effectively compared to the original lignin/PVA blends.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 500 10th Street, N.W. Atlanta, GA 30332 (USA).
authors.forename: Sandeep S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Nair
authors.forename: Sudhir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Yunqiao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pu
authors.forename: Qining
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Shaobo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: J Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Yulin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Art J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Ragauskas
mesh_terms: D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008031:Lignin / Q000737:chemistry*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D053758:Nanoparticles; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol / Q000737:chemistry*; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol; D008031:Lignin
keywords: biomass; composites; lignin; nanoparticles; thermal stability