title: Greater BOLD variability in older compared with younger adults during audiovisual speech perception.
abstract: Older adults exhibit decreased performance and increased trial-to-trial variability on a range of cognitive tasks, including speech perception. We used blood oxygen level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD fMRI) to search for neural correlates of these behavioral phenomena. We compared brain responses to simple speech stimuli (audiovisual syllables) in 24 healthy older adults (53 to 70 years old) and 14 younger adults (23 to 39 years old) using two independent analysis strategies: region-of-interest (ROI) and voxel-wise whole-brain analysis. While mean response amplitudes were moderately greater in younger adults, older adults had much greater within-subject variability. The greatly increased variability in older adults was observed for both individual voxels in the whole-brain analysis and for ROIs in the left superior temporal sulcus, the left auditory cortex, and the left visual cortex. Increased variability in older adults could not be attributed to differences in head movements between the groups. Increased neural variability may be related to the performance declines and increased behavioral variability that occur with aging.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America; Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America.
authors.forename: Sarah H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Baum
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America.
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Beauchamp
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000069336:Neurovascular Coupling; D013067:Speech Perception; D014796:Visual Perception; D055815:Young Adult