title: Effect of eicosapentaenoic acid on cholesterol gallstone formation in C57BL/6J mice.
abstract: The present study investigated the preventive effect of ω-3 fatty acids against cholesterol gallstone (CG) formation. CG formation was induced in C57BL/6J mice using a lithogenic diet (LD). The mice were divided into four treatment groups: i) LD, ii) LD plus eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), iii) LD plus docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and iv) LD plus EPA plus DHA. Subsequent to feeding the mice the LD for four weeks, EPA and/or DHA (70 mg/kg/day) were orally administered for eight weeks. The mice in the EPA treatment groups exhibited significantly less gallstone formation than those in the LD group. By contrast, DHA treatment only slightly suppressed gallstone formation. The expression of mucin 2, 5AC, 5B and 6 was significantly decreased in the gallbladders of mice in the EPA groups (70-90%) and the LD plus DHA group (30-50%), compared with that in the mice in the LD group. In addition, the mRNA expression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase was significantly decreased in the livers of mice in the EPA treatment group compared with that in the livers of mice in the LD group. In conclusion, EPA was found to have a dominant anti-lithogenic effect in C57BL/6J mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143‑701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Soo-Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143‑701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jin-A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143‑701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Na-Hyun
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143‑701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Soon
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143‑701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143‑701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hee
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143‑701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hee-Jung
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120‑752, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ja Kyung
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120‑752, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Ki
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143‑701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jin-Suk
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143‑701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ho-Chul
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Shin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D042882:Gallstones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006903:Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009077:Mucins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011973:Receptors, LDL / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D009077:Mucins; D011973:Receptors, LDL; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D002784:Cholesterol; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid; D006903:Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases