title: Measuring bioavailable PAHs in estuarine water using semipermeable membrane devices with performance reference compounds.
abstract: Bioavailable polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations in the estuarine water of Kaohsiung Harbor were measured using XAD-2 resin and semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) calibrated with performance reference compounds (PRCs). The sum of the PAH concentrations from XAD-2 resin (Cw) in the surface and bottom water samples was 6.63 and 9.58ngL(-)(1), respectively. The variation in PAHs was higher in surface water. Cubic polynomial regressions using the sampling rate for five PRCs (Rs-PRC) provided estimated in situ sampling rates (Rs). The turbulent condition in the surface water was important in enhancing Rs; however, diffusion was relevant to the bottom water, which was less turbulent and showed decreasing Rs at high MW PAHs. The sum of the dissolved PAH concentrations estimated with the SPMDs (CSPMD) was 5.87 and 9.15ngL(-)(1) in the surface and bottom water samples, respectively. The surface and bottom water PAHs were derived from different sources.
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Environment and Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, 80424 Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Wan-Ting
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Green Energy and Environment Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 30011, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Meng-Der
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Environment and Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, 80424 Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC; Kuroshio Research Group, Asia-Pacific Ocean Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, 80424 Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC. Electronic address: linnohc@fac.nsysu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Chon-Lin
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brimblecombe
mesh_terms: D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D011137:Polystyrenes; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D012015:Reference Standards; D014867:Water / Q000032:analysis; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D011137:Polystyrenes; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D014867:Water; C003771:Amberlite XAD-2 resin
keywords: Bioavailability; Kaohsiung Harbor; Membrane sampling rate; SPMD