title: Hemin attenuates cisplatin-induced acute renal injury in male rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study is to investigate the protective effects of hemin (the heme oxygenase-1 [OH-1] inducer) against nephrotoxic effects induced by cisplatin [cis-diamminedichloroplatinum II (CP)] in male rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  The evaluation was performed through monitoring renal redox parameters: lipid peroxidation (LPO), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), and reduced glutathione (GSH). The work also examined renal function tests (urea and creatinine), tissue proinflammatory mediator like nitric oxide (NO), and kidney cytopathology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A single intraperitoneal dose of CP (10 mg/kg b.w.) caused significant elevation of blood urea, serum creatinine, and renal LPO and NO, along with significant decline of the activities of GPx and GR, but renal SOD activity and GSH level were statistically insignificant as compared to control group. Subcutaneous injection of hemin (40 µmol/kg b.w.) partially ameliorated CP-induced renal damage, based on suppression of blood urea, serum creatinine, the renal MDA and NO levels, and increased antioxidant capacity in CP-treated rats. The results of histopathological and ultrastructural investigations supported the renoprotective effect of hemin against CP-induced acute toxicity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The induction of HO-1 by hemin is a promising approach in the treatment of CP-induced nephrotoxicity. However, further preclinical studies are warranted to test effectiveness of CP/hemin on the outcome of tumor chemotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Hassa 31982, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mohamed A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Al-Kahtani
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Hassa 31982, Saudi Arabia ; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ashraf M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Abdel-Moneim
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Hassa 31982, Saudi Arabia ; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11884, Egypt.
authors.forename: Omar M
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Elmenshawy
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Hassa 31982, Saudi Arabia ; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mohamed A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: El-Kersh
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000633:toxicity*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006427:Hemin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D006427:Hemin; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; D002945:Cisplatin