title: Soluble endothelial protein C receptor and high sensitivity C reactive protein levels as markers of endothelial dysfunction in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: their role in the prediction of vascular complications.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Endothelial dysfunction in diabetes mellitus (DM) is an important factor in the pathogenesis of micro and macrovascular complications. We aimed to measure soluble endothelial protein C receptor (sEPCR) and high sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) levels as markers of endothelial damage in both types of diabetes mellitus and to determine if they can be used as predictors of vascular complications.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty patients with DM, 20 with type 1 and 30 with type 2 as well as 30 healthy subjects were included. All were subjected to measurement of sEPCR and hsCRP by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  sEPCR and hsCRP were significantly increased when compared to the control group in both types of DM. sEPCR was a significant predictor of macrovascular complications and thrombosis in type 1 p=0.02, and p=0.015, respectively. hsCRP was a significant predictor of macrovascular complications in type 2 p=0.04.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with type 1 and type 2 DM exhibit higher sEPCR and hsCRP levels compared to healthy controls which suggesting endothelial damage. sEPCR could be used as a predictor of macrovascular complications and thrombosis in type 1 DM, whereas, hsCRP might be used as a predictor of macrovascular complications in type 2 DM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Abdia, Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: amalzaghloul1@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Amal
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zaghloul
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Abdia, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: T A M A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Al-Bukhari
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Abdia, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Al-Pakistani
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Abdia, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Maged
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shalaby
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Abdia, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Saeed H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Halawani
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Abdia, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Nada
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bajuaifer
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pathology (Clinical Chemistry), King Abdulaziz Hospital, Ministry of Health, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Shirin H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Teama
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000074283:Endothelial Protein C Receptor; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000097:blood*; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D015415:Biomarkers; D000074283:Endothelial Protein C Receptor; C478370:PROCR protein, human; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D002097:C-Reactive Protein
keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Vascular complications; hsCRP; sEPCR