title: Acute toxicity and sublethal effects of fipronil on detoxification enzymes in juvenile zebrafish (Danio rerio).
abstract: The acute toxicity of fipronil and its sublethal effects on detoxification enzymes (carboxylesterases (CarEs), glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), and 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase (ECOD)) in zebrafish (Danio rerio) were investigated. The results indicated that the 24-h LC50 of fipronil for zebrafish was 220.4 μg/L (95% CI: 173.7-272.4 μg/L). Sublethal concentrations of fipronil did not cause significant changes in CarEs activities. In the liver and muscle tissues, GST activities at the tested concentrations did not significantly differ from those in the control. In the brain and gill tissues, GST activities at a concentration of 4 μg/L were significantly lower than those at a concentration of 2 μg/L. The results suggest that CarEs and GSTs were not suitable biomarkers for fipronil effects in D. rerio. A significant induction in the ECOD activities in the brain, gill, liver, and muscle tissues was observed compared with the control. Moreover, the dose-dependent responses of the ECOD activity were observed after treatment with sublethal concentrations of fipronil in the range of 2-20 μg/L. The results suggested that ECOD could be a suitable biomarker of fipronil effects in D. rerio.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, PR China.
authors.forename: Haihua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, PR China.
authors.forename: Cuie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, PR China.
authors.forename: Yaping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Biology Department, Taiyuan Normal University, Taiyuan 030012, Shanxi, PR China.
authors.forename: Yuping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, PR China.
authors.forename: Jianzhen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, PR China. Electronic address: maenbo2003@sxu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Enbo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D015660:7-Alkoxycoumarin O-Dealkylase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D029941:Fish Proteins; D007306:Insecticides; D011720:Pyrazoles; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D015660:7-Alkoxycoumarin O-Dealkylase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases; C082360:fipronil
keywords: Acute toxicity; Detoxification enzymes; Fipronil; Sublethal effects; Zebrafish (Danio rerio)