title: Genetic characterization of human-derived hydatid cysts of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato in Heilongjiang Province and the first report of G7 genotype of E. canadensis in humans in China.
abstract: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.) is one of the most important zoonotic parasitic diseases worldwide and 10 genotypes (G1-G10) have been reported. In China, almost all the epidemiological and genotyping studies of E. granulosus s.l. are from the west and northwest pasturing areas. However, in Heilongjiang Province of northeastern China, no molecular information is available on E. granulosus s.l. To understand and to speculate on possible transmission patterns of E. granulosus s.l., we molecularly identified and genotyped 10 hydatid cysts from hepatic CE patients in Heilongjiang Province based on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1), cytochrome b (cytb) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (nad1) genes. Two genotypes were identified, G1 genotype (n = 6) and G7 genotype (n = 4). All the six G1 genotype isolates were identical to each other at the cox1 locus; three and two different sequences were obtained at the cytb and nad1 loci, respectively, with two cytb gene sequences not being described previously. G7 genotype isolates were identical to each other at the cox1, cytb and nad1 loci; however, the cytb gene sequence was not described previously. This is the first report of G7 genotype in humans in China. Three new cytb gene sequences from G1 and G7 genotypes might reflect endemic genetic characterizations. Pigs might be the main intermediate hosts of G7 genotype in our investigated area by homology analysis. The results will aid in making more effective control strategies for the prevention of transmission of E. granulosus s.l.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
authors.forename: Tiemin
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
authors.forename: Zhaolin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
authors.forename: Aiqin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
authors.forename: Daxun
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Piao
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Jianping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yujuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
authors.forename: Weizhe
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002681:China; D045303:Cytochromes b / Q000235:genetics; D004443:Echinococcosis / Q000235:genetics*; D048209:Echinococcus granulosus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000235:genetics; D009245:NADH Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D045303:Cytochromes b; D009245:NADH Dehydrogenase; C515075:NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1, human; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV; C581860:cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, human