title: Laboratory formation of a scaled protostellar jet by coaligned poloidal magnetic field.
abstract: Although bipolar jets are seen emerging from a wide variety of astrophysical systems, the issue of their formation and morphology beyond their launching is still under study. Our scaled laboratory experiments, representative of young stellar object outflows, reveal that stable and narrow collimation of the entire flow can result from the presence of a poloidal magnetic field whose strength is consistent with observations. The laboratory plasma becomes focused with an interior cavity. This gives rise to a standing conical shock from which the jet emerges. Following simulations of the process at the full astrophysical scale, we conclude that it can also explain recently discovered x-ray emission features observed in low-density regions at the base of protostellar jets, such as the well-studied jet HH 154.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI), École Polytechnique, CNRS, Commissariat à l'Energie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Energie, Matériaux, Télécommunications (INRS-EMT), Varennes, Québec, Canada. Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Albertazzi
authors.affiliation: Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université. Paris 06, UMR 8112, Laboratoire d'Etudes du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA), F-75005 Paris, France. Observatoire de Paris and CNRS, UMR 8112, LERMA, Paris, France.
authors.forename: A
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authors.lastname: Ciardi
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI), École Polytechnique, CNRS, Commissariat à l'Energie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
authors.forename: M
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authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI), École Polytechnique, CNRS, Commissariat à l'Energie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
authors.forename: T
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authors.affiliation: Laboratoire National des Champs magnétiques Intenses (LNCMI), UPR 3228, CNRS-Université Joseph Fourier (UJF)-Université Paul Sabatier (UPS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), F-31400 Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: J
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authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Università di Palermo, Piazza del Parlamento, I-1 90134 Palermo, Italy. National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF)-Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo, Piazza del Parlamento, I-1 90134 Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: R
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authors.affiliation: Laboratoire National des Champs magnétiques Intenses (LNCMI), UPR 3228, CNRS-Université Joseph Fourier (UJF)-Université Paul Sabatier (UPS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), F-31400 Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: J
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authors.affiliation: School of Mathematics and Physics, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK. Institute of Physics of the Academy of Science of the Czech Republic (ASCR), Extreme Light Infrastructure (ELI)-Beamlines Project, Na Slovance 2, 18221 Prague, Czech Republic.
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authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI), École Polytechnique, CNRS, Commissariat à l'Energie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
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authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI), École Polytechnique, CNRS, Commissariat à l'Energie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
authors.forename: S N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
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authors.affiliation: Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany.
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authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI), École Polytechnique, CNRS, Commissariat à l'Energie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Higginson
authors.affiliation: Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kroll
authors.affiliation: Joint Institute for High Temperatures Russian Academy of Science (RAS), Moscow 125412, Russia. National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Pikuz
authors.affiliation: School of Mathematics and Physics, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK.
authors.forename: K
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authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI), École Polytechnique, CNRS, Commissariat à l'Energie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Romagnani
authors.affiliation: Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR 7605, LULI, F-75005 Paris, France.
authors.forename: C
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authors.lastname: Riconda
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI), École Polytechnique, CNRS, Commissariat à l'Energie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Revet
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI), École Polytechnique, CNRS, Commissariat à l'Energie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), F-91128 Palaiseau, France. CEA-Bruyères le Chatel, F-91297 Arpajon, France.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Riquier
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: H-P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Schlenvoigt
authors.affiliation: Joint Institute for High Temperatures Russian Academy of Science (RAS), Moscow 125412, Russia.
authors.forename: I Yu
authors.initials: IY
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authors.affiliation: Joint Institute for High Temperatures Russian Academy of Science (RAS), Moscow 125412, Russia. Institute for Academic Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: A Ya
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Faenov
authors.affiliation: Institute of Applied Physics, 46 Ulyanov Street, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
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authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA. Center for Advanced Computing and Data Systems, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA.
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authors.lastname: Huarte-Espinosa
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
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authors.affiliation: Laboratoire National des Champs magnétiques Intenses (LNCMI), UPR 3228, CNRS-Université Joseph Fourier (UJF)-Université Paul Sabatier (UPS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), F-31400 Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: O
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authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Energie, Matériaux, Télécommunications (INRS-EMT), Varennes, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: H
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authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI), École Polytechnique, CNRS, Commissariat à l'Energie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Institute of Applied Physics, 46 Ulyanov Street, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia. julien.fuchs@polytechnique.fr.
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authors.lastname: Fuchs