title: The alpha-lipoic acid decreases urinary podocalyxin excretion in type 2 diabetics by inhibiting oxidative stress in vivo.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To observe the effects of Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) on oxidative stress (OS) in vivo and urinary podocalyxin (PCX, the glomerular podocyte marker protein) excretion in type 2 diabetics and explore its possible protective mechanisms on glomerular podocytes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six type 2 diabetics were recruited as observation group and treated with ALA on the basis of initial therapy for six months, and 30 healthy subjects were selected as control group. FBG, HbA1c, serum glutathione peroxidase (SGSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SSOD) activity, urinary malondialdehyde (UMDA), 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (U8-OHdG), albumin (UALB), creatinine (UCr) and urinary PCX (UPCX) were determined at baseline and after six months' observation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the control group, the ratios of UMDA/UCr (UMCR), U8-OHdG/UCr (U8CR), UALB/UCr (UACR) and UPCX/UCr (UPCR) increased markedly, SGSH-Px and SSOD decreased significantly in the diabetics (P<0.01); after sixth month treatment, the levels of UMCR, U8CR, UACR and UPCR reduced and SGSH-Px and SSOD increased markedly in the observation group (P<0.05) with no significant changes in FBG and HbA1c. UPCR had positive correlation with UACR, UMCR and U8CR (r=0.720, r=0.661, r=0.698, P<0.01), and negative correlation with SGSH-Px and SSOD in the diabetics (r=-0.608, r=-0.559, P<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ALA can provide some protection against glomerular podocyte injury in type 2 diabetics, which may be related partly to its effects in alleviating enhanced OS and strengthening antioxidant ability in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Department of Internal Medicine, Maanshan Maternal and Child Health Care Center, Maanshan, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Haiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China. Electronic address: ysd6406@163.com.
authors.forename: Shandong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000652:urine; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D012016:Reference Values; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000652:urine; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D008063:Thioctic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D008063:Thioctic Acid; C001643:podocalyxin
keywords: Alpha-lipoic acid; Diabetic nephropathy; Oxidative stress; Podocalyxin; Podocyte