title: A comparison of receptive-expressive language profiles between toddlers with autism spectrum disorder and developmental language delay.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It is well known that expressive language impairment is commonly less severe than receptive language impairment in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, this result is based on experiments in Western countries with Western language scales. This study tries to find whether the result above is applicable for toddlers in a non-Western country; more specifically, in Korea with non-Western language scales.
  
  
  METHODS
  The participants were 166 toddlers aged between 20 months and 50 months who visited the clinic from December 2010 to January 2013. The number of toddlers diagnosed as ASD and developmental language delay (DLD) was 103 and 63, respectively. Language development level was assessed using Sequenced Language Scale for Infants (SELSI), a Korean language scale. Using SELSI, each group was divided into 3 sub-groups. Moreover, the group difference by age was observed by dividing them into three age groups. Chi-square test and linear-by-linear association was used for analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Receptive language ability of the DLD group was superior to that of the ASD group in all age groups. However, expressive language ability in both groups showed no difference in all age groups. A greater proportion of expressive dominant type was found in ASD. The 20-29 months group in ASD showed the largest proportion of expressive language dominant type in the three age groups, suggesting that the younger the ASD toddler is, the more severe the receptive language impairment is.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that receptive-expressive language characteristics in ASD at earlier age could be useful in the early detection of ASD.
authors.affiliation: Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyeong In
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Seol
authors.affiliation: Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Ha
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ka Lim
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Taek
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Department of Communication Disorder, Ewha Woman's University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Young Tae
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Woo Young
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Im
authors.affiliation: Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Ho
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. kacheon@yuhs.ac.
authors.forename: Keun-Ah
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Cheon
mesh_terms: D002659:Child Development Disorders, Pervasive / Q000150:complications*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000150:complications*; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007802:Language; D007804:Language Development; D007805:Language Development Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D007807:Language Tests; D008297:Male; D056910:Republic of Korea
keywords: Autism spectrum disorder; expressive language; receptive language; toddlers