title: Cadmium-induced activation of high osmolarity glycerol pathway through its Sln1 branch is dependent on the MAP kinase kinase kinase Ssk2, but not its paralog Ssk22, in budding yeast.
abstract: Cadmium ions disrupt reactive oxygen species/Ca(2+) homeostasis and subsequently elicit cell death and adaptive signaling cascades in eukaryotic cells. Through a functional genomics approach, we have identified deletion mutants of 106 yeast genes, including three MAP kinase genes (HOG1, SLT2, and KSS1), are sensitive to a sublethal concentration of cadmium, and 64 mutants show elevated intracellular cadmium concentrations upon exposure to cadmium. Hog1 is phosphorylated, reaching a peak 30 min after the cadmium treatment. Both Sln1 and Sho1 upstream branches are involved in the cadmium-induced activation of high osmolarity glycerol (HOG) pathway. Cadmium-induced HOG activation is dependent on the MAP kinase kinase kinase Ssk2, but not its paralog Ssk22, in the Sln1 branch.
authors.affiliation: The National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; The National Key Laboratory for Food Science and Technology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
authors.forename: Linghuo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Chunlei
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Lilin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Huihui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity*; D017353:Gene Deletion; D005990:Glycerol / Q000378:metabolism*; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D002104:Cadmium; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases; C472815:SSK2 protein, S cerevisiae; C476806:SSK22 protein, S cerevisiae; D005990:Glycerol
keywords: MAP kinase; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Ssk2; cadmium; high osmolarity glycerol; vacuolar protein sorting