title: Not salt taste perception but self-reported salt eating habit predicts actual salt intake.
abstract: Excessive dietary salt intake is related to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Although dietary salt restriction is essential, it is difficult to achieve because of salt palatability. However, the association between salt perception or salt eating habit and actual salt intake remains uncertain. In this study, we recruited 74 healthy young individuals. We investigated their salt-eating habits by questionnaire and salt taste threshold through a rating scale that used serial dilution of a sodium chloride solution. Predicted 24-hr urinary salt excretions using Kawasaki's and Tanaka's equations estimated dietary salt intake. Participants' mean age was 35 yr, and 59.5% were male. Salt sense threshold did not show any relationship with actual salt intake and a salt-eating habit. However, those eating "salty" foods showed higher blood pressure (P for trend=0.048) and higher body mass index (BMI; P for trend=0.043). Moreover, a salty eating habit was a significant predictor for actual salt intake (regression coefficient [β] for Kawasaki's equation 1.35, 95% confidence interval [CI] 10-2.69, P=0.048; β for Tanaka's equation 0.66, 95% CI 0.01-1.31, P=0.047). In conclusion, a self-reported salt-eating habit, not salt taste threshold predicts actual salt intake.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. ; Department of Immunology, Seoul National University Postgraduate School, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hajeong
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1873-1587
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun-Jeong
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6005-3484
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Eunjin
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6890-4725
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Chul
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3215-8681
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Salt and Health, Seoul K-Clinic, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Suhnggwon
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6904-9126
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. ; Department of Immunology, Seoul National University Postgraduate School, Seoul, Korea. ; Renal Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea. ; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Ho Jun
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1185-2631
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Chin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003710:Demography; D005260:Female; D006184:Habits; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D057566:Self Report; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary / Q000652:urine*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055697:Taste Perception; D013652:Taste Threshold; D059349:Urine Specimen Collection
chemical_list: D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary
keywords: Salt Intake; Salt Taste Threshold; Salt-Eating Habit