title: Review article: Research on dengue during World War II revisited.
abstract: Much of the basic clinical information about dengue infection comes from experimental human studies conducted in the 1920s and 1940s. Albert Sabin's original laboratory records from one such study were bequeathed to Duane J. Gubler. These records were reviewed and 150 experiments were included in our analyses. Persons were inoculated with dengue virus 1 (DENV-1) and DENV-2. Median fever duration was shorter in primary DENV-2 infections compared with DENV-1, although maximum temperature and severity of illness were comparable. At 1.5-9 months after primary infection, 20 persons were inoculated with the heterologous serotype. Only one person inoculated with a heterologous serotype at < 8 weeks showed development of a clinical infection with a maximum temperature of 38°C, and 7 (88%) of 8 persons inoculated with a heterologous serotype at 4-9 months post-primary infection showed development of fever. On average, persons had a shorter incubation period in secondary infection compared with primary infection.
authors.affiliation: Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Office of Clinical Sciences, Department of Statistics and Applied Probability, and Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore.
authors.forename: Grace E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Snow
authors.affiliation: Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Office of Clinical Sciences, Department of Statistics and Applied Probability, and Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Haaland
authors.affiliation: Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Office of Clinical Sciences, Department of Statistics and Applied Probability, and Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore.
authors.forename: Eng Eong
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Ooi
authors.affiliation: Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Office of Clinical Sciences, Department of Statistics and Applied Probability, and Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore duane.gubler@duke-nus.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Duane J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Gubler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D009033:Culicidae / Q000821:virology; D003715:Dengue / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D007303:Insect Vectors; D047789:World War II