title: [Mini-invasive technologies in treatment of acute cholecystitis in patients with high operational and anesthetic risk].
abstract: The treatment results of 769 patients with acute calculous cholecystitis and high operational and anesthetic risk at admission are presented in the retrospective study. High risk was determined by expressed comorbidities, diseases' terms, the complications of acute cholecystitis, age, which was more than 60 years in most cases. The patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the severity of comorbidity and the possible effects of its correction. The first group included 617 perspective patients for cholecystectomy. And the second group included 152 patients unpromising for this. Concept of stage treatment was used in the first group including primary decompression of the gallbladder by using of percutaneous transhepatic micro-cholecystostomy under ultrasound guidance. Cholecystectomy was performed after correction of comorbidities, complications of acute cholecystitis, and readjustment of extrahepatic bile ducts by endoscopy if necessary. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was successfully performed in 587 patients. There was open cholecystectomy in 11 cases. Cholecystectomy was done in 19 patients as a result of conversion. Cholecystostomy from minimal access with extraction of stones under local anesthesia was performed in the second group for decompression and as definitive treatment. There was not observed deaths in patients with high operational and anesthetic risk as a result of such tactics. Postoperatively 1.7% of patients had complications that were successfully resolved.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Ermolov
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Guliaev
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Ivanov
authors.forename: V T
authors.initials: VT
authors.lastname: Samsonov
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Rogal'
authors.forename: V Kh
authors.initials: VKh
authors.lastname: Timerbaev
authors.forename: E Iu
authors.initials: EIu
authors.lastname: Trofimova
authors.forename: N E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Kudriashova
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Tlibekova
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000379:methods; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D041881:Cholecystitis, Acute / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D002767:Cholecystostomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D002769:Cholelithiasis / Q000150:complications*; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020379:Risk Adjustment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012426:Russia; D016896:Treatment Outcome