title: A descriptive study of urethral discharge among men in Fiji.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Urethral discharge is a common presentation of sexually transmitted infection (STI) in men and known pathogens include Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis. There are no published data of the burden of urethral discharge among men in Fiji.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate urethral discharge among men to determine the incidence, the frequency of recurrence and reported at-risk behaviour.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a retrospective, descriptive study of clinical records of all men presenting with urethral discharge to two major reproductive health clinics. Data collected included self-reported at-risk behaviours, results of abnormal syphilis serology and antibiotics prescribed. The frequency of recurrence in the following 1-2 years of initial presentation was determined along with microbiological findings from urethral swab in this group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 748 males presented with urethral discharge to the clinic in one year. This represents an incidence rate of at least 295 per 100,000 adult males per year in the study population. Within the next 1-2 years of the initial presentation, 102 (14%) of these re-presented out of which 42 had urethral swab taken for etiological diagnosis. The commonest isolate was Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Results of syphilis tests were available for 560 (75%) of patients and 29 (5%) were positive. Recurrence was not associated with self-reported at-risk behaviours.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of urethral discharge among males in Fiji is very high and prevention strategies are urgently needed.
authors.affiliation: Naviti Street Sexual and Reproductive Health Clinic, PO Box 45, Naviti Street, Lautoka, Fiji. lageey@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Lavenia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gaunavinaka
authors.forename: Dashika
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Balak
authors.forename: Sumanthla
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Varman
authors.forename: Sharan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ram
authors.forename: Stephen M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Graham
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D002690:Chlamydia Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D005367:Fiji / Q000453:epidemiology; D006069:Gonorrhea / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D013587:Syphilis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D014526:Urethritis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology