title: Temocillin: a new candidate antibiotic for local antimicrobial delivery in orthopaedic surgery?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the performance of the Gram-negative-specific antibiotic temocillin in polymethylmethacrylate bone cement pre-loaded with gentamicin, as a strategy for local antibiotic delivery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Temocillin was added at varying concentrations to commercial gentamicin-loaded bone cement. The elution of the antibiotic from cement samples over a 2 week period was quantified by LC-MS. The eluted temocillin was purified by fast protein liquid chromatography and the MICs for a number of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli were determined. The impact strength of antibiotic-loaded samples was determined using a Charpy-type impact testing apparatus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  LC-MS data showed temocillin eluted to clinically significant concentrations within 1 h in this laboratory system and the eluted temocillin retained antimicrobial activity against all organisms tested. Impact strength analysis showed no significant difference between cement samples with or without temocillin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Temocillin can be added to bone cement and retains its antimicrobial activity after elution. The addition of up to 10% temocillin did not affect the impact strength of the cement. The results show that temocillin is a promising candidate for use in antibiotic-loaded bone cement.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Howard Street, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK.
authors.forename: Stewart
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Barker
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Howard Street, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK t.nichol@shu.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nichol
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Howard Street, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK.
authors.forename: Patrick L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Harrison
authors.affiliation: Northern General Hospital, Sheffield S5 7AU, UK.
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Stockley
authors.affiliation: Northern General Hospital, Sheffield S5 7AU, UK.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Townsend
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Howard Street, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK.
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis / Q000379:methods*; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D010406:Penicillins / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D001843:Bone Cements; D004337:Drug Carriers; D010406:Penicillins; C031367:temocillin
keywords: LC-MS; bone cement; elution; impact strength