title: Evaluation of the hazard potentials of river suspended particulate matter and floodplain soils in the Rhine basin using chemical analysis and in vitro bioassays.
abstract: The purpose of the present study was to assess the hazard potentials of contaminated suspended particulate matter (SPM) sampled during a flood event for floodplain soils using in vitro bioassays and chemical analysis. Sediment-contact tests were performed to evaluate the direct exposure of organisms to native soils and SPM at two different trophic levels. For comparison, acetonic extracts were tested using both contact tests and additionally two cell-based biotests for cytotoxicity and Ah receptor-mediated activity (EROD-Assay). The sediment-contact tests were carried out with the dehydrogenase assay with Arthrobacter globiformis and the fish embryo assay with Danio rerio. The results of this study clearly document that native samples may well be significantly more effective than corresponding extracts in the bacteria contact assay or the fish embryo test. These results question the commonly accepted concept that acetonic extracts are likely to overestimate the toxicity of soil and SPM samples. Likewise, the priority organic compounds analyzed failed to fully explain the toxic potential of the samples. The outcomes of this study revealed the insufficient knowledge regarding the relationship between the different exposure pathways. Finally, there is concern about adverse effects by settling suspended particulate matter and remobilized sediments in frequently inundated floodplain soils due to an increase of the hazard potential, if compared with infrequently inundated floodplain soils. We showed that the settling of SPM and sediments revealed a significant impact on the dioxin-like potencies of riparian soils.
authors.affiliation: Department of Earth Sciences, Free University Berlin, Malteserstrasse 74-100, 12249, Berlin, Germany. tobias.schulze@ufz.de.|UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Effect Directed Analysis, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany. tobias.schulze@ufz.de.
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schulze
authors.affiliation: Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology, COS-Center for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ulrich
authors.affiliation: Stadtwerke Karlsruhe GmbH (SWK), Daxlander Strasse 72, 76185, Karlsruhe, Germany.
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Maier
authors.affiliation: Stadtwerke Karlsruhe GmbH (SWK), Daxlander Strasse 72, 76185, Karlsruhe, Germany.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maier
authors.affiliation: Department of Earth Sciences, Free University Berlin, Malteserstrasse 74-100, 12249, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Konstantin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Terytze
authors.affiliation: Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology, COS-Center for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Braunbeck
authors.affiliation: ABBt-Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), Department of Ecosystem Analysis, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany. henner.hollert@bio5.rwth-aachen.de.|School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. henner.hollert@bio5.rwth-aachen.de.|Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Environment of Education Ministry of China, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China. henner.hollert@bio5.rwth-aachen.de.|College of Resources and Environmental Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China. henner.hollert@bio5.rwth-aachen.de.
authors.forename: Henner
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hollert
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001173:Arthrobacter / Q000187:drug effects; D001681:Biological Assay; D055868:Floods; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry; D005858:Germany; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D060753:Water Quality; D015027:Zebrafish
chemical_list: D052638:Particulate Matter; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: 7-Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase; Acetonic extracts; Arthrobacter globiformis; Cytotoxicity; Danio rerio; Dehydrogenase assay; Native samples; Soils; Suspended particulate matter