title: Mapping ventricular expansion onto cortical gray matter in older adults.
abstract: Dynamic changes in the brain's lateral ventricles on magnetic resonance imaging are powerful biomarkers of disease progression in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Ventricular measures can represent accumulation of diffuse brain atrophy with very high effect sizes. Despite having no direct role in cognition, ventricular expansion co-occurs with volumetric loss in gray and white matter structures. To better understand relationships between ventricular and cortical changes over time, we related ventricular expansion to atrophy in cognitively relevant cortical gray matter surfaces, which are more challenging to segment. In ADNI participants, percent change in ventricular volumes at 1-year (N = 677) and 2-year (N = 536) intervals was significantly associated with baseline cortical thickness and volume in the full sample controlling for age, sex, and diagnosis, and in MCI separately. Ventricular expansion in MCI was associated with thinner gray matter in frontal, temporal, and parietal regions affected by AD. Ventricular expansion reflects cortical atrophy in early AD, offering a useful biomarker for clinical trials of interventions to slow AD progression.
authors.affiliation: USC Imaging Genetics Center, Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Madsen
authors.affiliation: USC Imaging Genetics Center, Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Boris A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Gutman
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Shantanu H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Joshi
authors.affiliation: USC Imaging Genetics Center, Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Arthur W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Toga
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Clifford R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Jack
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, UC San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, UC San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, UC San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIND), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Michael W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Weiner
authors.affiliation: USC Imaging Genetics Center, Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Neurology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Semel Institute, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Electronic address: pthomp@usc.edu.
authors.forename: Paul M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Thompson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000473:pathology*; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000473:pathology*; D001284:Atrophy; D015415:Biomarkers; D002552:Cerebral Ventricles / Q000473:pathology*; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000473:pathology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D066128:Gray Matter / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D059906:Neuroimaging
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: Alzheimer's disease; Biomarkers; Brain imaging; Brain structure; Cortical; Gray matter; Longitudinal; Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); Mild cognitive impairment; Surface area; Thickness; Volume