title: Successful treatment of HIV-1 infection increases the expression of a novel, short transcript for IL-18 receptor α chain.
abstract: : The importance of interleukin (IL)-18 in mediating immune activation during HIV infection has recently emerged. IL-18 activity is regulated by its receptor (IL-18R), formed by an α and a β chain, the IL-18-binding protein, and the newly identified shorter isoforms of both IL-18R chains. We evaluated gene expression of the IL-18/IL-18R system in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HIV+ patients. Compared with healthy donors, IL-18 expression decreased in patients with primary infection. The IL-18Rα short transcript expression was strongly upregulated by successful highly active antiretroviral therapy. HIV progression and its treatment can influence the expression of different components of the complex IL-18/IL-18R system.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; †Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; and ‡Infectious Diseases Clinics, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Modena, Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Milena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nasi
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alboni
authors.forename: Marcello
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pinti
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tascedda
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Benatti
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Benatti
authors.forename: Lara
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gibellini
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: De Biasi
authors.forename: Vanni
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Borghi
authors.forename: Nicoletta
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Brunello
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mussini
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cossarizza
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D020382:Interleukin-18 / Q000378:metabolism; D053727:Interleukin-18 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000378:metabolism*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D020382:Interleukin-18; D053727:Interleukin-18 Receptor alpha Subunit; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012367:RNA, Viral