title: No Correlation of Inflammation With Colonization of Helicobacter pylori in the Stomach of Mice Fed High-salt Diet.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous studies on Helicobacter pylori infection in mice have contributed to better understanding of the pathogenesis of chronic gastritis and gastric carcinoma. The aim of this study was to evaluate H. pylori colonization and subsequent inflammatory responses in the stomachs of C57BL/6 mice depending on inoculation number and the presence of high-salt diet.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-four female mice with 4 weeks age were used in this study. The infected mice were gavaged with H. pylori strain Sydney-1 (SS1), and the uninfected mice were dosed with vehicle. In each of these groups, half of the mice were fed ona basal diet (0.25% salt) and the other half were fed on a high-salt diet (7.5% salt). The infected mice were inoculated 4 or 5 times, and infection status and degree of inflammation were checked by culture and histopathology, respectively, after 4 weeks. Gastric mucosal myeloperoxidase and tumor necrosis factor-alpha were measured by ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall infection rate was 95.2%; the infection rate after 5 inoculations (100%) was greater than that after 4 inoculations (91.3%). However, no differences in the degree of inflammation were found between 2 groups. The bacterial density was also significantly increased in mice that were on the high-salt diet and had been inoculated 5 times, respectively. Mean neutrophil infiltration in the infected group was 1.7±0.6 (1, minimal; 2, mild; 3, moderate; 4, marked). However, the high-salt diet was not increase the inflammatory grade in the infected group. Gastric mucosal myeloperoxidase and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels did not increased by the high-salt diet and increased the number of inoculation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In spite of well colonization of H. pylori in the stomachs of C57BL/6 mice, the degree of subsequent inflammation was irrelevant to high-salt diet and frequent (5 times) inoculations.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoungnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
authors.forename: Ju Yup
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Departments of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoungnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
authors.forename: Nayoung
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Departments of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoungnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
authors.forename: Ryoung Hee
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.affiliation: Departments of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoungnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
authors.forename: Yoon Jeong
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Departments of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoungnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Hyung
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoungnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
authors.forename: Hye Seung
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Yonsei Plus Clinic, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
authors.forename: Jane C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Departments of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoungnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Ho
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Lee
keywords: Helicobacter pylori; Inflammation; Salt