title: Plasma levels of heat shock protein 90 alpha associated with lung cancer development and treatment responses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Altered expression of heat shock protein 90 alpha (Hsp90α) was associated with tumor development, progression, and metastasis. This study explored plasma levels of Hsp90α protein in patients with lung cancer and other controls to assess its diagnostic value and monitor treatment responses for patients with lung cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 2,247 individuals were recruited and assigned into two cohorts as static and dynamic groups. ELISA analysis and confirmation of plasma Hsp90α protein levels for association with tumor stages and treatment responses, respectively, were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average plasma levels of Hsp90α protein in patients with lung cancer were significantly higher than in healthy controls (P < 0.0001). Plasma levels of Hsp90α protein in patients with advanced lung cancer (stage III-IV) were higher than in patients with early-stage lung cancer (stage I-II; P < 0.001). Using a cutoff value of 56.33 ng/mL to separate lung cancer from other controls, the sensitivity and specificity reached 72.18% (95% CI, 0.695-0.749) and 78.70% (95% CI, 0.761-0.813), respectively. To confirm the different levels in the second cohort, plasma levels of Hsp90α protein showed a statistically significant difference between preoperative and postoperative patients in surgical patient groups (P < 0.007). There was also a statistically significant difference between the disease progressive group and stable disease group, with regard to partial response after chemotherapy (P < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrated that plasma Hsp90α protein levels are useful as a diagnostic biomarker in lung cancer and predict the responses of patients with lung cancer to chemotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute/Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Study on Anticancer Molecular Targeted Drugs, Beijing, China. syuankai@cicams.ac.cn syuankaipumc@126.com.
authors.forename: Yuankai
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Lung Cancer, Affiliated Hospital of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoqing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Jiatao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute/Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Study on Anticancer Molecular Targeted Drugs, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiaohong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University School of Oncology, Beijing Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Lijian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Qingtao
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Chest Hospital Affiliated Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Baolan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, The 309th Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
authors.forename: Yinghong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012372:ROC Curve; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins; C533585:HSP90AA2P protein, human