title: Validity of acute stroke lesion volume estimation by diffusion-weighted imaging-Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomographic Score depends on lesion location in 496 patients with middle cerebral artery stroke.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomographic Score (ASPECTS) has been used to estimate diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) lesion volume in acute stroke. We aimed to assess correlations of DWI-ASPECTS with lesion volume in different middle cerebral artery (MCA) subregions and reproduce existing ASPECTS thresholds of a malignant profile defined by lesion volume ≥100 mL.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed data of patients with MCA stroke from a prospective observational study of DWI and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery in acute stroke. DWI-ASPECTS and lesion volume were calculated. The population was divided into subgroups based on lesion localization (superficial MCA territory, deep MCA territory, or both). Correlation of ASPECTS and infarct volume was calculated, and receiver-operating characteristics curve analysis was performed to identify the optimal ASPECTS threshold for ≥100-mL lesion volume.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 496 patients were included. There was a significant negative correlation between ASPECTS and DWI lesion volume (r=-0.78; P<0.0001). With regards to lesion localization, correlation was weaker in deep MCA region (r=-0.19; P=0.038) when compared with superficial (r=-0.72; P<0.001) or combined superficial and deep MCA lesions (r=-0.72; P<0.001). Receiver-operating characteristics analysis revealed ASPECTS≤6 as best cutoff to identify ≥100-mL DWI lesion volume; however, positive predictive value was low (0.35).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ASPECTS has limitations when lesion location is not considered. Identification of patients with malignant profile by DWI-ASPECTS may be unreliable. ASPECTS may be a useful tool for the evaluation of noncontrast computed tomography. However, if MRI is used, ASPECTS seems dispensable because lesion volume can easily be quantified on DWI maps.
authors.affiliation: From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.S., B. Cheng, C.G., G.T.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M.E., J.B.F.); Klinik für Neurologie, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (M.K.); Department of Radiology, Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (O.W.); Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (D.-W.K.); Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles (D.S.L.); Université de Bordeaux, CHU de Bordeaux, Service de NeuroImagerie Diagnostique de Thérapeutique, Bordeaux, France (T.T.); Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany (O.C.S.); Department of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia (S.C., B. Campbell); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD (M.L.); Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, Seton/UT Southwestern Clinical Research Institute of Austin, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Austin, TX (S.W.); and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Unversitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.F.). jul.schroeder@uke.de.
authors.forename: Julian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schröder
authors.affiliation: From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.S., B. Cheng, C.G., G.T.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M.E., J.B.F.); Klinik für Neurologie, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (M.K.); Department of Radiology, Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (O.W.); Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (D.-W.K.); Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles (D.S.L.); Université de Bordeaux, CHU de Bordeaux, Service de NeuroImagerie Diagnostique de Thérapeutique, Bordeaux, France (T.T.); Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany (O.C.S.); Department of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia (S.C., B. Campbell); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD (M.L.); Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, Seton/UT Southwestern Clinical Research Institute of Austin, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Austin, TX (S.W.); and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Unversitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.F.).
authors.forename: Bastian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.S., B. Cheng, C.G., G.T.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M.E., J.B.F.); Klinik für Neurologie, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (M.K.); Department of Radiology, Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (O.W.); Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (D.-W.K.); Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles (D.S.L.); Université de Bordeaux, CHU de Bordeaux, Service de NeuroImagerie Diagnostique de Thérapeutique, Bordeaux, France (T.T.); Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany (O.C.S.); Department of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia (S.C., B. Campbell); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD (M.L.); Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, Seton/UT Southwestern Clinical Research Institute of Austin, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Austin, TX (S.W.); and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Unversitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.F.).
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ebinger
authors.affiliation: From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.S., B. Cheng, C.G., G.T.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M.E., J.B.F.); Klinik für Neurologie, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (M.K.); Department of Radiology, Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (O.W.); Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (D.-W.K.); Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles (D.S.L.); Université de Bordeaux, CHU de Bordeaux, Service de NeuroImagerie Diagnostique de Thérapeutique, Bordeaux, France (T.T.); Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany (O.C.S.); Department of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia (S.C., B. Campbell); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD (M.L.); Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, Seton/UT Southwestern Clinical Research Institute of Austin, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Austin, TX (S.W.); and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Unversitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.F.).
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Köhrmann
authors.affiliation: From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.S., B. Cheng, C.G., G.T.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M.E., J.B.F.); Klinik für Neurologie, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (M.K.); Department of Radiology, Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (O.W.); Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (D.-W.K.); Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles (D.S.L.); Université de Bordeaux, CHU de Bordeaux, Service de NeuroImagerie Diagnostique de Thérapeutique, Bordeaux, France (T.T.); Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany (O.C.S.); Department of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia (S.C., B. Campbell); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD (M.L.); Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, Seton/UT Southwestern Clinical Research Institute of Austin, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Austin, TX (S.W.); and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Unversitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.F.).
authors.forename: Ona
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.S., B. Cheng, C.G., G.T.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M.E., J.B.F.); Klinik für Neurologie, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (M.K.); Department of Radiology, Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (O.W.); Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (D.-W.K.); Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles (D.S.L.); Université de Bordeaux, CHU de Bordeaux, Service de NeuroImagerie Diagnostique de Thérapeutique, Bordeaux, France (T.T.); Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany (O.C.S.); Department of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia (S.C., B. Campbell); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD (M.L.); Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, Seton/UT Southwestern Clinical Research Institute of Austin, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Austin, TX (S.W.); and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Unversitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.F.).
authors.forename: Dong-Wha
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.S., B. Cheng, C.G., G.T.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M.E., J.B.F.); Klinik für Neurologie, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (M.K.); Department of Radiology, Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (O.W.); Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (D.-W.K.); Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles (D.S.L.); Université de Bordeaux, CHU de Bordeaux, Service de NeuroImagerie Diagnostique de Thérapeutique, Bordeaux, France (T.T.); Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany (O.C.S.); Department of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia (S.C., B. Campbell); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD (M.L.); Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, Seton/UT Southwestern Clinical Research Institute of Austin, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Austin, TX (S.W.); and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Unversitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.F.).
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Liebeskind
authors.affiliation: From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.S., B. Cheng, C.G., G.T.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M.E., J.B.F.); Klinik für Neurologie, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (M.K.); Department of Radiology, Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (O.W.); Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (D.-W.K.); Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles (D.S.L.); Université de Bordeaux, CHU de Bordeaux, Service de NeuroImagerie Diagnostique de Thérapeutique, Bordeaux, France (T.T.); Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany (O.C.S.); Department of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia (S.C., B. Campbell); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD (M.L.); Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, Seton/UT Southwestern Clinical Research Institute of Austin, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Austin, TX (S.W.); and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Unversitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.F.).
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tourdias
authors.affiliation: From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.S., B. Cheng, C.G., G.T.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M.E., J.B.F.); Klinik für Neurologie, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (M.K.); Department of Radiology, Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (O.W.); Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (D.-W.K.); Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles (D.S.L.); Université de Bordeaux, CHU de Bordeaux, Service de NeuroImagerie Diagnostique de Thérapeutique, Bordeaux, France (T.T.); Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany (O.C.S.); Department of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia (S.C., B. Campbell); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD (M.L.); Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, Seton/UT Southwestern Clinical Research Institute of Austin, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Austin, TX (S.W.); and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Unversitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.F.).
authors.forename: Oliver C
authors.initials: OC
authors.lastname: Singer
authors.affiliation: From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.S., B. Cheng, C.G., G.T.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M.E., J.B.F.); Klinik für Neurologie, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (M.K.); Department of Radiology, Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (O.W.); Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (D.-W.K.); Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles (D.S.L.); Université de Bordeaux, CHU de Bordeaux, Service de NeuroImagerie Diagnostique de Thérapeutique, Bordeaux, France (T.T.); Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany (O.C.S.); Department of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia (S.C., B. Campbell); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD (M.L.); Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, Seton/UT Southwestern Clinical Research Institute of Austin, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Austin, TX (S.W.); and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Unversitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.F.).
authors.forename: Soren
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.affiliation: From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.S., B. Cheng, C.G., G.T.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M.E., J.B.F.); Klinik für Neurologie, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (M.K.); Department of Radiology, Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (O.W.); Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (D.-W.K.); Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles (D.S.L.); Université de Bordeaux, CHU de Bordeaux, Service de NeuroImagerie Diagnostique de Thérapeutique, Bordeaux, France (T.T.); Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany (O.C.S.); Department of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia (S.C., B. Campbell); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD (M.L.); Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, Seton/UT Southwestern Clinical Research Institute of Austin, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Austin, TX (S.W.); and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Unversitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.F.).
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.affiliation: From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.S., B. Cheng, C.G., G.T.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M.E., J.B.F.); Klinik für Neurologie, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (M.K.); Department of Radiology, Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (O.W.); Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (D.-W.K.); Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles (D.S.L.); Université de Bordeaux, CHU de Bordeaux, Service de NeuroImagerie Diagnostique de Thérapeutique, Bordeaux, France (T.T.); Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany (O.C.S.); Department of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia (S.C., B. Campbell); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD (M.L.); Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, Seton/UT Southwestern Clinical Research Institute of Austin, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Austin, TX (S.W.); and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Unversitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.F.).
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Luby
authors.affiliation: From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.S., B. Cheng, C.G., G.T.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M.E., J.B.F.); Klinik für Neurologie, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (M.K.); Department of Radiology, Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (O.W.); Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (D.-W.K.); Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles (D.S.L.); Université de Bordeaux, CHU de Bordeaux, Service de NeuroImagerie Diagnostique de Thérapeutique, Bordeaux, France (T.T.); Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany (O.C.S.); Department of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia (S.C., B. Campbell); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD (M.L.); Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, Seton/UT Southwestern Clinical Research Institute of Austin, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Austin, TX (S.W.); and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Unversitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.F.).
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Warach
authors.affiliation: From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.S., B. Cheng, C.G., G.T.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M.E., J.B.F.); Klinik für Neurologie, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (M.K.); Department of Radiology, Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (O.W.); Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (D.-W.K.); Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles (D.S.L.); Université de Bordeaux, CHU de Bordeaux, Service de NeuroImagerie Diagnostique de Thérapeutique, Bordeaux, France (T.T.); Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany (O.C.S.); Department of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia (S.C., B. Campbell); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD (M.L.); Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, Seton/UT Southwestern Clinical Research Institute of Austin, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Austin, TX (S.W.); and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Unversitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.F.).
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fiehler
authors.affiliation: From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.S., B. Cheng, C.G., G.T.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M.E., J.B.F.); Klinik für Neurologie, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (M.K.); Department of Radiology, Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (O.W.); Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (D.-W.K.); Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles (D.S.L.); Université de Bordeaux, CHU de Bordeaux, Service de NeuroImagerie Diagnostique de Thérapeutique, Bordeaux, France (T.T.); Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany (O.C.S.); Department of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia (S.C., B. Campbell); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD (M.L.); Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, Seton/UT Southwestern Clinical Research Institute of Austin, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Austin, TX (S.W.); and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Unversitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.F.).
authors.forename: Jochen B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Fiebach
authors.affiliation: From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.S., B. Cheng, C.G., G.T.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M.E., J.B.F.); Klinik für Neurologie, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (M.K.); Department of Radiology, Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (O.W.); Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (D.-W.K.); Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles (D.S.L.); Université de Bordeaux, CHU de Bordeaux, Service de NeuroImagerie Diagnostique de Thérapeutique, Bordeaux, France (T.T.); Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany (O.C.S.); Department of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia (S.C., B. Campbell); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD (M.L.); Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, Seton/UT Southwestern Clinical Research Institute of Austin, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Austin, TX (S.W.); and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Unversitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.F.).
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gerloff
authors.affiliation: From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.S., B. Cheng, C.G., G.T.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M.E., J.B.F.); Klinik für Neurologie, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (M.K.); Department of Radiology, Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (O.W.); Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (D.-W.K.); Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles (D.S.L.); Université de Bordeaux, CHU de Bordeaux, Service de NeuroImagerie Diagnostique de Thérapeutique, Bordeaux, France (T.T.); Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany (O.C.S.); Department of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia (S.C., B. Campbell); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD (M.L.); Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, Seton/UT Southwestern Clinical Research Institute of Austin, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Austin, TX (S.W.); and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Unversitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.F.).
authors.forename: Götz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Thomalla
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
keywords: brain ischemia; diffusion magnetic resonance imaging; magnetic resonance imaging; middle cerebral artery; neuroimaging; severity of illness index; stroke