title: Estrogen receptor 1 gene expression and its combination with estrogen receptor 2 or aromatase expression predicts survival in non-small cell lung cancer.
abstract: The biological roles of estrogen receptor 1 (ERS1), estrogen receptor 2 (ERS2), and aromatase (CYP19A1) genes in the development of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is unclear, as is the use of their expression as a prognostic factor. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of estrogen receptors and aromatase mRNA expression, along with aromatase protein concentration, in resected NSCLC patients. Tumor and non-tumor lung tissue samples were analyzed for the mRNA expression of ERS1, ERS2 and CYP19A1 by RT-PCR. Aromatase concentration was measured with an ELISA. A total of 96 patients were included. ERS1 expression was significantly higher in non-tumor tissue than in tumor samples. Two gene expression categories were created for each gene (and protein): high and low. ERS1 high category showed increased overall survival (OS) when compared to the low expression category. Aromatase protein concentration was significantly higher in tumor samples. Higher ERS1 expression in tumor tissues was related to longer overall survival. The analysis of gene expression combinations provides evidence for longer OS when both ERS1 and ERS2 are highly expressed. ESR1, alone or in combination with ERS2 or CYP19A1, is the most determining prognostic factor within the analyzed 3 genes. It seems that ERS1 can play a role in NSCLC prognosis, alone or in combination with other genes such as ERS2 or Cyp19a1. ERS2 in combination with aromatase concentration could have a similar function.
authors.affiliation: Oncology Research Laboratory, Cruces University Hospital/BioCruces Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain.
authors.forename: Unai
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Aresti
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Department, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Carrera
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Department, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain.
authors.forename: Eluska
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Iruarrizaga
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Department, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain.
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fuente
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Department, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain.
authors.forename: Ines
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Marrodan
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Department, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain.
authors.forename: Abigail Ruiz
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: de Lobera
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Department, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muñoz
authors.affiliation: Oncology Research Laboratory, Cruces University Hospital/BioCruces Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain.
authors.forename: Aitziber
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Buque
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Department, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Condori
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Department, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain.
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ugalde
authors.affiliation: Oncology Research Laboratory, Cruces University Hospital/BioCruces Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain.
authors.forename: Begoña
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Calvo
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Department, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain.
authors.forename: Guillermo López
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Vivanco
mesh_terms: D001141:Aromatase / Q000235:genetics*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality*; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000235:genetics*; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality*; D008297:Male; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: C506487:ESR1 protein, human; C000600034:ESR2 protein, human; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta; D001141:Aromatase; C561410:CYP19A1 protein, human