title: Resistance training does not have an effect on cognition or related serum biomarkers in nonagenarians: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to determine the effects of 8-week exercise-intervention on cognition and related serum biochemical markers in nonagenarians. We also studied the effects of a 4-week training cessation ('detraining') period on our study variables. Participants were randomly allocated to a standard-care (control) or intervention (exercise) group [n=20 (16 women)/group]. The intervention focused on supervised, light-to-moderate-intensity aerobic and resistance exercises (mainly leg press), and included 3 weekly sessions. Cognitive status was determined by the mini-mental state examination and geriatric depression scale. We analysed proteins with reported relation with mechanisms behind cognition changes such as serum levels of angiotensin converting enzyme, amyloid-precursor protein, epidermal growth factor, brain-derived neural factor and tumor necrosis factor. No significant change (P>0.05) in any of the variables studied was found following the exercise intervention compared with the standard-care group. Similarly, no significant changes (P>0.05) were observed following the detraining period compared with the standard-care group. Overall changes after the exercise intervention in serum biomarkers were not associated with changes in functional capacity and cognitive measures. An 8-week exercise intervention focusing on resistance exercises neither benefits cognitive function nor affects the levels of the serum proteins analysed in nonagenarians.
authors.affiliation: PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity research group (PROFITH), Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Ruiz
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Molecular Neuropharmacology, Center for Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gil-Bea
authors.affiliation: Biomedicine, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bustamante-Ara
authors.affiliation: INEF, Universidad Politécnica, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Romo
authors.affiliation: Biomedicine, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fiuza-Luces
authors.affiliation: Geriatry, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Serra-Rexach
authors.affiliation: Karolinska Institutet, KI-Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Huddinge, Sweden.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cedazo-Minguez
authors.affiliation: Physiology, Universidad Europea De Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lucia
mesh_terms: D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000097:blood* / Q000523:psychology*; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000097:blood; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000097:blood; D055070:Resistance Training; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; D015415:Biomarkers; D001798:Blood Proteins; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A