title: Mathematical models of electrical activity of the pancreatic β-cell: a physiological review.
abstract: Mathematical modeling of the electrical activity of the pancreatic β-cell has been extremely important for understanding the cellular mechanisms involved in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Several models have been proposed over the last 30 y, growing in complexity as experimental evidence of the cellular mechanisms involved has become available. Almost all the models have been developed based on experimental data from rodents. However, given the many important differences between species, models of human β-cells have recently been developed. This review summarizes how modeling of β-cells has evolved, highlighting the proposed physiological mechanisms underlying β-cell electrical activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering; Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa ; México , DF , México.
authors.forename: Gerardo J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Félix-Martínez
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering; Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa ; México , DF , México.
authors.forename: J Rafael
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Godínez-Fernández
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology; D003198:Computer Simulation; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D008954:Models, Biological; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D015221:Potassium Channels; D005947:Glucose; D002118:Calcium
keywords: ADP, adenosine diphosphate; ATP, adenosine triphosphate; CK, Chay-Keizer; CRAC, calcium release-activated current; Ca2+, calcium ions; DOM, dual oscillator model; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; F6P, fructose-6-phosphate; FBP, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate; GLUT, glucose transporter; GSIS, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion; HERG, human eter à-go-go related gene; IP3R, inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors; KATP, ATP-sensitive K+ channels; KCa, Ca2+-dependent K+ channels; Kv, voltage-dependent K+ channels; MCU, mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter; NCX, Na+/Ca2+ exchanger; PFK, phosphofructokinase; PMCA, plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase; ROS, reactive oxygen species; RyR, ryanodine receptors; SERCA, sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase; T2D, Type 2 Diabetes; TCA, trycarboxylic acid cycle; TRP, transient receptor potential; VDCC, voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels; Vm, membrane potential; [ATP]i, cytosolic ATP; [Ca2+]i, intracellular calcium concentration; [Ca2+]m, mitochondrial calcium; [Na+], Na+ concentration; action potentials; bursting; cAMP, cyclic AMP; calcium; electrical activity; ion channels; mNCX, mitochondrial Na+/Ca2+ exchanger; mathematical model; β-cell