title: Exercise improves immune function, antidepressive response, and sleep quality in patients with chronic primary insomnia.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of moderate aerobic exercise training on sleep, depression, cortisol, and markers of immune function in patients with chronic primary insomnia. Twenty-one sedentary participants (16 women aged 44.7 ± 9 years) with chronic primary insomnia completed a 4-month intervention of moderate aerobic exercise. Compared with baseline, polysomnographic data showed improvements following exercise training. Also observed were reductions in depression symptoms and plasma cortisol. Immunologic assays revealed a significant increase in plasma apolipoprotein A (140.9 ± 22 to 151.2 ± 22 mg/dL) and decreases in CD4 (915.6 ± 361 to 789.6 ± 310 mm(3)) and CD8 (532.4 ± 259 to 435.7 ± 204 mm(3)). Decreases in cortisol were significantly correlated with increases in total sleep time (r = -0.51) and REM sleep (r = -0.52). In summary, long-term moderate aerobic exercise training improved sleep, reduced depression and cortisol, and promoted significant changes in immunologic variables.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Goiás, Jataí, GO, Brazil.
authors.forename: Giselle Soares
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Passos
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Dalva
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Poyares
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Goiás, Jataí, GO, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcos Gonçalves
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Santana
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alexandre Abílio de Souza
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fábio Santos
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Lira
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing and Health Innovation, and Exercise and Wellness, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA ; Phoenix VA Health Care System, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Shawn D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Youngstedt
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ronaldo Vagner Thomatieli
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: dos Santos
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tufik
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil ; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marco Túlio
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: de Mello
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology*; D003863:Depression / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D064797:Physical Conditioning, Human / Q000379:methods; D012890:Sleep / Q000276:immunology*; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines