title: Risk of Cigarette Smoking Initiation During Adolescence Among US-Born and Non-US-Born Hispanics/Latinos: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We assessed risk of cigarette smoking initiation among Hispanics/Latinos during adolescence by migration status and gender.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) surveyed persons aged 18 to 74 years in 2008 to 2011. Our cohort analysis (n = 2801 US-born, 13 200 non-US-born) reconstructed participants' adolescence from 10 to 18 years of age. We assessed the association between migration status and length of US residence and risk of cigarette smoking initiation during adolescence, along with effects of gender and Hispanic/Latino background.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among individuals who migrated by 18 years of age, median age and year of arrival were 13 years and 1980, respectively. Among women, but not men, risk of smoking initiation during adolescence was higher among the US-born (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.10; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.73, 2.57; P < .001), and those who had resided in the United States for 2 or more years (HR = 1.47; 95% CI = 1.11, 1.96; P = .01) than among persons who lived outside the United States.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Research examining why some adolescents begin smoking after moving to the United States could inform targeted interventions.
authors.affiliation: Christina M. Parrinello, Carmen R. Isasi, Xiaonan Xue, and Robert C. Kaplan are with the Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY. Frank C. Bandiera and David J. Lee are with the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Miami, Miami, FL. Jianwen Cai is with the Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, and Krista M. Perreira is with the Department of Public Policy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Elena L. Navas-Nacher is with the Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL. Hugo Salgado is a doctoral student at the Institute for Behavioral and Community Health, San Diego State University and the University of California, San Diego.
authors.forename: Christina M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Parrinello
authors.forename: Carmen R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Isasi
authors.forename: Xiaonan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Frank C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Bandiera
authors.forename: Jianwen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Elena L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Navas-Nacher
authors.forename: Krista M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Perreira
authors.forename: Hugo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Salgado
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Kaplan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012306:Risk; D012907:Smoking / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology