title: MicroRNA as new tools for prostate cancer risk assessment and therapeutic intervention: results from clinical data set and patients' samples.
abstract: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in men. Despite considerable advances in prostate cancer early detection and clinical management, validation of new biomarkers able to predict the natural history of tumor progression is still necessary in order to reduce overtreatment and to guide therapeutic decisions. MicroRNAs are endogenous noncoding RNAs which offer a fast fine-tuning and energy-saving mechanism for posttranscriptional control of protein expression. Growing evidence indicate that these RNAs are able to regulate basic cell functions and their aberrant expression has been significantly correlated with cancer development. Therefore, detection of microRNAs in tumor tissues and body fluids represents a new tool for early diagnosis and patient prognosis prediction. In this review, we summarize current knowledge about microRNA deregulation in prostate cancer mainly focusing on the different clinical aspects of the disease. We also highlight the potential roles of microRNAs in PCa management, while also discussing several current challenges and needed future research.
authors.affiliation: Departement of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessio
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8952-2232
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cannistraci
authors.affiliation: Departement of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Anna Laura
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1712-9033
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Di Pace
authors.affiliation: Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Fermo Ognibene, 00144 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Ruggero
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: De Maria
authors.affiliation: Departement of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy ; Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Fermo Ognibene, 00144 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Désirée
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bonci
mesh_terms: D030541:Databases, Genetic; D018450:Disease Progression; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011379:Prognosis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D018570:Risk Assessment
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs