title: Pneumothorax: observation.
abstract: Pneumothorax based on the cause, it can be divided into two large categories; primary and secondary. The staging of pneumothorax plays a crucial role for treatment. Currently both thoracic surgeons and pulmonary physicians can handle efficiently treatment. Pulmonary physicians with the minimally medical thoracoscopy while thoracic surgeons with a more extensive intervention. Experience defines the outcome in most situations and not the method. In our current work we will present data regarding the observation of pneumothorax from a panel of experts.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Military Medical University, 2 Department of Respiratory Diseases, II Military University Hospital, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China ; 3 Pulmonary Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 4 Surgery Department, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece ; 5 Hematology Department, "Laiko" University General Hospital, Athens, Greece ; 6 Obstetric-Gynecology Department, "Thriassio" General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece ; 7 Thoracic Surgery Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 8 Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina, Clinic for Thoracic Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Zhigang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Military Medical University, 2 Department of Respiratory Diseases, II Military University Hospital, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China ; 3 Pulmonary Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 4 Surgery Department, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece ; 5 Hematology Department, "Laiko" University General Hospital, Athens, Greece ; 6 Obstetric-Gynecology Department, "Thriassio" General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece ; 7 Thoracic Surgery Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 8 Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina, Clinic for Thoracic Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Haidong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Military Medical University, 2 Department of Respiratory Diseases, II Military University Hospital, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China ; 3 Pulmonary Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 4 Surgery Department, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece ; 5 Hematology Department, "Laiko" University General Hospital, Athens, Greece ; 6 Obstetric-Gynecology Department, "Thriassio" General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece ; 7 Thoracic Surgery Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 8 Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina, Clinic for Thoracic Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Military Medical University, 2 Department of Respiratory Diseases, II Military University Hospital, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China ; 3 Pulmonary Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 4 Surgery Department, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece ; 5 Hematology Department, "Laiko" University General Hospital, Athens, Greece ; 6 Obstetric-Gynecology Department, "Thriassio" General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece ; 7 Thoracic Surgery Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 8 Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina, Clinic for Thoracic Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zarogoulidis
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Military Medical University, 2 Department of Respiratory Diseases, II Military University Hospital, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China ; 3 Pulmonary Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 4 Surgery Department, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece ; 5 Hematology Department, "Laiko" University General Hospital, Athens, Greece ; 6 Obstetric-Gynecology Department, "Thriassio" General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece ; 7 Thoracic Surgery Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 8 Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina, Clinic for Thoracic Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Ioanna
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kougioumtzi
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Military Medical University, 2 Department of Respiratory Diseases, II Military University Hospital, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China ; 3 Pulmonary Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 4 Surgery Department, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece ; 5 Hematology Department, "Laiko" University General Hospital, Athens, Greece ; 6 Obstetric-Gynecology Department, "Thriassio" General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece ; 7 Thoracic Surgery Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 8 Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina, Clinic for Thoracic Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dryllis
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Military Medical University, 2 Department of Respiratory Diseases, II Military University Hospital, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China ; 3 Pulmonary Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 4 Surgery Department, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece ; 5 Hematology Department, "Laiko" University General Hospital, Athens, Greece ; 6 Obstetric-Gynecology Department, "Thriassio" General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece ; 7 Thoracic Surgery Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 8 Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina, Clinic for Thoracic Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kioumis
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Military Medical University, 2 Department of Respiratory Diseases, II Military University Hospital, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China ; 3 Pulmonary Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 4 Surgery Department, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece ; 5 Hematology Department, "Laiko" University General Hospital, Athens, Greece ; 6 Obstetric-Gynecology Department, "Thriassio" General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece ; 7 Thoracic Surgery Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 8 Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina, Clinic for Thoracic Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Georgia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pitsiou
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Military Medical University, 2 Department of Respiratory Diseases, II Military University Hospital, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China ; 3 Pulmonary Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 4 Surgery Department, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece ; 5 Hematology Department, "Laiko" University General Hospital, Athens, Greece ; 6 Obstetric-Gynecology Department, "Thriassio" General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece ; 7 Thoracic Surgery Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 8 Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina, Clinic for Thoracic Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Nikolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Machairiotis
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Military Medical University, 2 Department of Respiratory Diseases, II Military University Hospital, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China ; 3 Pulmonary Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 4 Surgery Department, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece ; 5 Hematology Department, "Laiko" University General Hospital, Athens, Greece ; 6 Obstetric-Gynecology Department, "Thriassio" General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece ; 7 Thoracic Surgery Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 8 Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina, Clinic for Thoracic Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Nikolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Katsikogiannis
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Military Medical University, 2 Department of Respiratory Diseases, II Military University Hospital, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China ; 3 Pulmonary Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 4 Surgery Department, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece ; 5 Hematology Department, "Laiko" University General Hospital, Athens, Greece ; 6 Obstetric-Gynecology Department, "Thriassio" General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece ; 7 Thoracic Surgery Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 8 Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina, Clinic for Thoracic Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Antonis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Papaiwannou
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Military Medical University, 2 Department of Respiratory Diseases, II Military University Hospital, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China ; 3 Pulmonary Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 4 Surgery Department, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece ; 5 Hematology Department, "Laiko" University General Hospital, Athens, Greece ; 6 Obstetric-Gynecology Department, "Thriassio" General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece ; 7 Thoracic Surgery Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 8 Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina, Clinic for Thoracic Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Athanasios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Madesis
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Military Medical University, 2 Department of Respiratory Diseases, II Military University Hospital, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China ; 3 Pulmonary Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 4 Surgery Department, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece ; 5 Hematology Department, "Laiko" University General Hospital, Athens, Greece ; 6 Obstetric-Gynecology Department, "Thriassio" General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece ; 7 Thoracic Surgery Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 8 Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina, Clinic for Thoracic Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Diplaris
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Military Medical University, 2 Department of Respiratory Diseases, II Military University Hospital, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China ; 3 Pulmonary Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 4 Surgery Department, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece ; 5 Hematology Department, "Laiko" University General Hospital, Athens, Greece ; 6 Obstetric-Gynecology Department, "Thriassio" General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece ; 7 Thoracic Surgery Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 8 Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina, Clinic for Thoracic Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Theodoros
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Karaiskos
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Military Medical University, 2 Department of Respiratory Diseases, II Military University Hospital, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China ; 3 Pulmonary Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 4 Surgery Department, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece ; 5 Hematology Department, "Laiko" University General Hospital, Athens, Greece ; 6 Obstetric-Gynecology Department, "Thriassio" General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece ; 7 Thoracic Surgery Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 8 Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina, Clinic for Thoracic Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Bojan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zaric
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Military Medical University, 2 Department of Respiratory Diseases, II Military University Hospital, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China ; 3 Pulmonary Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 4 Surgery Department, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece ; 5 Hematology Department, "Laiko" University General Hospital, Athens, Greece ; 6 Obstetric-Gynecology Department, "Thriassio" General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece ; 7 Thoracic Surgery Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 8 Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina, Clinic for Thoracic Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Perin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Branislav
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Military Medical University, 2 Department of Respiratory Diseases, II Military University Hospital, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China ; 3 Pulmonary Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 4 Surgery Department, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece ; 5 Hematology Department, "Laiko" University General Hospital, Athens, Greece ; 6 Obstetric-Gynecology Department, "Thriassio" General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece ; 7 Thoracic Surgery Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 8 Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina, Clinic for Thoracic Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zarogoulidis
keywords: Pneumothorax; conservative management; interventional treatment; primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP); secondary spontaneous pneumothorax (SSP)