title: Anticancer effects on human pancreatic cancer cells of triterpenoids, polysaccharides and 1,3-β-D-glucan derived from the fruiting body of Antrodia camphorata.
abstract: Antrodia camphorata is a fungus native to Taiwan, and it is considered a precious medicinal agent. We analyzed triterpenoids, polysaccharides and 1,3-β-D-glucan, three major effective components in A. camphorata extracts (ACE). ACE exhibited a selective cytotoxic effect on BxPC-3 human pancreatic cancer cells. ACE markedly inhibited the migration ability of BxPC-3 cells. Treatment of BxPC-3 cells with ACE resulted in the increase of cells in the sub-G1 phase and G2/M phase arrest. Apoptosis was confirmed by validating phosphatidylserine externalization, the observation of characteristic chromatin condensation, and nuclear DNA fragmentation. ACE induced apoptosis in BxPC-3 cells through a mitochondria-dependent pathway by triggering an appropriate balance of bax/bcl-2, cytochrome c release, activation of caspase-9 and -3, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage. ACE shows great therapeutic potential due to its cytotoxic effects against BxPC-3 cells which include inhibiting cell migration and inducing mitochondria-mediated apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Fooyin University, 151 Jinxue Rd., Daliao Dist., Kaohsiung 83102, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chu-I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Chih-Chung
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Shu-Ling
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: Chun-Lin
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yueh-Ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Chih-Chuan
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Yi-Zhen
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jyh-Jye
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055491:Antrodia / Q000737:chemistry*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000378:metabolism; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D048690:Fruiting Bodies, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry*; D005936:Glucans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D005936:Glucans; D011134:Polysaccharides; D014315:Triterpenes; D045304:Cytochromes c