title: Potential prognostic, diagnostic and therapeutic markers for human gastric cancer.
abstract: The high incidence of gastric cancer (GC) and its consequent mortality rate severely threaten human health. GC is frequently not diagnosed until a relatively advanced stage. Surgery is the only potentially curative treatment. Thus, early screening and diagnosis are critical for improving prognoses in patients with GC. Gastroscopy with biopsy is an appropriate method capable of aiding the diagnosis of specific early GC tumor types; however, the stress caused by this method together with it being excessively expensive makes it difficult to use it as a routine method for screening for GC on a population basis. The currently used tumor marker assays for detecting GC are simple and rapid, but their use is limited by their low sensitivity and specificity. In recent years, several markers have been identiﬁed and tested for their clinical relevance in the management of GC. Here, we review the serum-based tumor markers for GC and their clinical significance, focusing on discoveries from microarray/proteomics research. We also review tissue-based GC tumor markers and their clinical application, focusing on discoveries from immunohistochemical research. This review provides a brief description of various tumor markers for the purposes of diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutics, and we include markers already in clinical practice and various forthcoming biomarkers.
authors.affiliation: Ming-Ming Tsai, Department of Nursing, Chang-Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ming-Ming
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: Ming-Ming Tsai, Department of Nursing, Chang-Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chia-Siu
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Ming-Ming Tsai, Department of Nursing, Chang-Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chung-Ying
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: Ming-Ming Tsai, Department of Nursing, Chang-Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsiang-Cheng
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Chi
authors.affiliation: Ming-Ming Tsai, Department of Nursing, Chang-Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Hsin
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Tseng
authors.affiliation: Ming-Ming Tsai, Department of Nursing, Chang-Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kwang-Huei
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor
keywords: Gastric cancer; Prognosis; Serum-based; Tissue-based; Tumor marker