title: Outcome of surgical treatment of primary and secondary glaucoma in young children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe a paediatric cohort surgically treated for primary or secondary glaucoma (PG/SG), with regard to incidences, visual outcome and control of intraocular pressure (IOP).
  
  
  METHODS
  All children (n = 29, 42 eyes in total) surgically treated for PG or SG at the age of 4 years or younger between January 2002 and December 2010 at Sahlgrenska University Hospital in Mölndal were retrospectively studied through medical records. Median follow-up time after initial surgery was 5.9 years (range 2.4-11.2 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of primary congenital glaucoma was 4.3 cases per 100 000 live births in the county of Västra Götaland. For glaucoma secondary to cataract surgery, the incidence was 13% with a median postoperative duration to diagnosis of glaucoma of 3.8 months (range 1.6 months to 4.3 years). Preoperative mean IOP was 31.5 (SD 8.1) mmHg, and mean IOP at last visit was 17.1 (SD 4.4) mmHg. For the entire cohort, 30% of the glaucoma eyes required more than two IOP-lowering surgical procedures during the study period. BCVA was ≥0.3 (decimal) in 45% of glaucomatous eyes at last follow-up with no statistically significant difference between PG and SG. Analysis of functional visual outcome, that is BCVA in the better eye, showed that 83% of all patients attained a BCVA of ≥0.5.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidences and outcome of surgically treated paediatric glaucoma were in accordance with previous studies. Chamber angle surgery, and if necessary, tube implantation without the use of antimetabolites, is a favourable approach leaving most sites needed for future glaucoma surgery unaffected.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation/Ophthalmology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; The Eye Clinic at Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden.
authors.forename: Madeleine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zetterberg
authors.forename: Alf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nyström
authors.forename: Lada
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kalaboukhova
authors.forename: Gunilla
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Magnusson
mesh_terms: D002386:Cataract / Q000151:congenital; D002387:Cataract Extraction / Q000009:adverse effects; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D018463:Filtering Surgery / Q000379:methods*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000151:congenital / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014065:Tonometry, Ocular; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology
keywords: aphakic glaucoma; congenital cataract; congenital glaucoma; glaucoma surgery; intraocular pressure; visual acuity