title: 3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde Derived from Prunus mume Seed Inhibits Oxidative Stress and Enhances Estradiol Secretion in Human Ovarian Granulosa Tumor Cells.
abstract: Granulosa cells form ovarian follicles and play important roles in the growth and maturation of oocytes. The protection of granulosa cells from cellular injury caused by oxidative stress is an effective therapy for female infertility. We here investigated an effective bioactive compound derived from Prunus mume seed extract that protects granulosa cells from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced apoptosis. We detected the bioactive compound, 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (3,4-DHBA), via bioactivity-guided isolation and found that it inhibited the H2O2-induced apoptosis of granulosa cells. We also showed that 3,4-DHBA promoted estradiol secretion in granulosa cells and enhanced the mRNA expression levels of steroidogenic factor 1, a promoter of key steroidogenic enzymes. These results suggest that P. mume seed extract may have clinical potential for the prevention and treatment of female infertility.
authors.affiliation: Department of Strategic Surveillance for Functional Food and Comprehensive Traditional Medicine, Wakayama Medical University , Kimiidera 811-1, Wakayama City, Wakayama 641-0012, Japan ; Second Department of Internal Medicine, Wakayama Medical University , Kimiidera 811-1, Wakayama City, Wakayama 641-0012, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryohei
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kono
authors.affiliation: Department of Strategic Surveillance for Functional Food and Comprehensive Traditional Medicine, Wakayama Medical University , Kimiidera 811-1, Wakayama City, Wakayama 641-0012, Japan ; Second Department of Internal Medicine, Wakayama Medical University , Kimiidera 811-1, Wakayama City, Wakayama 641-0012, Japan.
authors.forename: Sachiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nomura
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science, Wakayama National College of Technology , Nojima 77, Nada-cho, Gobo, Wakayama 640-0023, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshiharu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okuno
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University , Mizuma 158, Kaizuka City, Osaka 597-0104, Japan.
authors.forename: Misa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Strategic Surveillance for Functional Food and Comprehensive Traditional Medicine, Wakayama Medical University , Kimiidera 811-1, Wakayama City, Wakayama 641-0012, Japan ; Second Department of Internal Medicine, Wakayama Medical University , Kimiidera 811-1, Wakayama City, Wakayama 641-0012, Japan.
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maeno
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Internal Medicine, Wakayama Medical University , Kimiidera 811-1, Wakayama City, Wakayama 641-0012, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kagiya
authors.affiliation: Department of Strategic Surveillance for Functional Food and Comprehensive Traditional Medicine, Wakayama Medical University , Kimiidera 811-1, Wakayama City, Wakayama 641-0012, Japan ; Second Department of Internal Medicine, Wakayama Medical University , Kimiidera 811-1, Wakayama City, Wakayama 641-0012, Japan.
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tokuda
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine , Dengakugakubo 1-98, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan.
authors.forename: Ken-Ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Inada
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center , 3426-3 Anesaki, Ichihara City, Chiba 299-0111, Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matsuno
authors.affiliation: Utsunomiya Ladies Clinic , Shin-nakajima 132-6, Wakayama City, Wakayama 641-0002, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Utsunomiya
authors.affiliation: Department of Strategic Surveillance for Functional Food and Comprehensive Traditional Medicine, Wakayama Medical University , Kimiidera 811-1, Wakayama City, Wakayama 641-0012, Japan ; Second Department of Internal Medicine, Wakayama Medical University , Kimiidera 811-1, Wakayama City, Wakayama 641-0012, Japan.
authors.forename: Hirotoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Utsunomiya
keywords: Prunus mume seed; estradiol secretion; human granulosa cell; infertility; oxidative stress