title: Three-dimensional sonography in the differential diagnosis of interstitial, angular, and intrauterine pregnancies in a septate uterus.
abstract: Interstitial, angular, and cornual pregnancies and intrauterine pregnancies in an anomalous uterus are separate entities, and the impact of each condition on obstetric outcomes is completely different. However, there is considerable confusion in understanding and managing the natural course of each condition due to a lack of uniform terminology. The single most important factor for differentiating these types of pregnancies is to make an early diagnosis. The differences between interstitial, angular, and cornual pregnancies on 2-dimensional (2D) sonography are subtle. Although magnetic resonance imaging can be used to differentiate these conditions, it is not preferred as the initial assessment tool because of its limited availability and cost-effectiveness. Three-dimensional (3D) sonography has the advantage of providing views of the uterus that cannot be obtained with conventional 2D sonography. We describe 3 cases of interstitial, angular, and intrauterine pregnancies in a septate uterus that were clearly differentiated by 3D sonography. We demonstrate the differences in diagnostic imaging findings and emphasize the importance of 3D sonography in differentiating these entities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan. kazuya.med_ob-gyne@hotmail.co.jp.
authors.forename: Kazuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mimura
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kanagawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Etsuko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kajimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Aiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kakigano
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kinugasa-Taniguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kimura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011271:Pregnancy, Ectopic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000379:methods*; D014599:Uterus / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*
keywords: 3-dimensional sonography; angular pregnancy; cornual pregnancy; ectopic pregnancy; interstitial pregnancy; magnetic resonance imaging; müllerian anomalies; obstetric ultrasound