title: Correlates of zooplankton beta diversity in tropical lake systems.
abstract: The changes in species composition between habitat patches (beta diversity) are likely related to a number of factors, including environmental heterogeneity, connectivity, disturbance and productivity. Here, we used data from aquatic environments in five Brazilian regions over two years and two seasons (rainy and dry seasons or high and low water level periods in floodplain lakes) in each year to test hypotheses underlying zooplankton beta diversity variation. The regions present different levels of hydrological connectivity, where three regions present lakes that are permanent and connected with the main river, while the water bodies of the other two regions consist of permanent lakes and temporary ponds, with no hydrological connections between them. We tested for relationships between zooplankton beta diversity and environmental heterogeneity, spatial extent, hydrological connectivity, seasonality, disturbance and productivity. Negative relationships were detected between zooplankton beta diversity and both hydrological connectivity and disturbance (periodic dry-outs). Hydrological connectivity is likely to affect beta diversity by facilitating dispersal between habitats. In addition, the harsh environmental filter imposed by disturbance selected for only a small portion of the species from the regional pool that were able to cope with periodic dry-outs (e.g., those with a high production of resting eggs). In summary, this study suggests that faunal exchange and disturbance play important roles in structuring local zooplankton communities.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Limnologia, Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CCS, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paloma M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luis M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Bini
authors.affiliation: Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Department of Aquatic Ecology, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Steven A J
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Declerck
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Limnologia, Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CCS, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vinicius F
authors.initials: VF
authors.lastname: Farjalla
authors.affiliation: Faculdade UnB Planaltina, Universidade de Brasília, Área Universitária n. 1 - Vila Nossa Senhora de Fátima, Planaltina, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ludgero C G
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Vieira
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aqüicultura (NUPELIA), Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Jd. Universitário, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Claudia C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Bonecker
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aqüicultura (NUPELIA), Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Jd. Universitário, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabio A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Lansac-Toha
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Limnologia, Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CCS, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ecologia e Desenvolvimento Sócio Ambiental de Macaé, Rodovia Amaral Peixoto, Macaé, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Francisco A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Esteves
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Limnologia, Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CCS, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Reinaldo L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Bozelli
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D044822:Biodiversity; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000378:metabolism; D000077194:Chlorophyll A; D005843:Geography; D062070:Hydrology; D060106:Lakes; D012621:Seasons; D062206:Spatial Analysis; D014329:Tropical Climate; D015048:Zooplankton / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002734:Chlorophyll; D000077194:Chlorophyll A