title: Using nanosensors for in situ monitoring and measurement of nitric oxide and peroxynitrite in a single cell.
abstract: The cytotoxic peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) is an oxidation product of the cytoprotective nitric oxide (NO). Our studies support the hypothesis that the concentration ratio of NO and ONOO(-), [NO]/[ONOO(-)] can be a marker of nitroxidative imbalance, which subsequently correlates well with endothelial dysfunction and dysfunction of the cardiovascular system. Nanosensors, described here, have been used for simultaneous monitoring and measurement of NO and ONOO(-) release from a single endothelial cell. These nanosensors, with a diameter of 200-300 nm, can be positioned accurately in close proximity of 5-10 μm from the endothelial cell membrane. The response time of the sensors is better than a millisecond and the detection limit is 10(-9) M, with a linear concentration response of up to about 2 μM. The application of these sensors for the measurement of the balance and imbalance of [NO]/[ONOO(-)] in normal and dysfunctional endothelium is demonstrated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry & Nanomedical Research Laboratories, Ohio University, 350 W. State Street, Athens, OH, 45701, USA, malinski@ohio.edu.
authors.forename: Tadeusz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Malinski
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D061207:Calcium Ionophores / Q000494:pharmacology; D002138:Calibration; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry; D000077482:Carbon Fiber; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D030421:Peroxynitrous Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted
chemical_list: D061207:Calcium Ionophores; D000077482:Carbon Fiber; D030421:Peroxynitrous Acid; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D002244:Carbon