title: Antibiotic prophylaxis for transrectal prostate biopsy: a comparison of one-day and five-day regimen.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the difference in outcome between a 1- day and 5- day antibiotic regimen in the prevention of infective complications following transrectal prostate biopsy.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective comparative study was done in the urology unit of University of Benin Teaching Hospital over a period of 14 months. Eighty seven patients were randomly assigned to 2 groups prior to the procedure. The patients in group I (N=42) received oral ciprofloxacin (500mg, 12 hourly) and oral metronidazole (400mg, 8 hourly) for 1 day while those in group II (N=45) received same antibiotic combination for 5 days. Urine samples for culture were taken an hour before the procedure and then 5 days after in all patients. Temperature monitoring with an easy-to-use thermometer was done thrice daily by the patients. Post biopsy fever and positive urine cultures were indicative of infection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of the patients was 68.5 ± 8.1 years. Infective complications occurred in 8(19%) in group I and 7(15.6%) in group II. Fever was noted in 5 patients in group I and 4 patients in group II (p=0.73) while positive urine culture was noted in 4 patients in each group (p=1.00). Complications were minor and transient except in a case of septicaemia in group II that required hospitalisation. Escherischia coli was the most common organism isolated from positive urine cultures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A 1-day antibiotic regimen of oral ciprofloxacin and metronidazole is as effective as a 5-day regimenin the prevention of infective complications following transrectalprostate biopsy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin, Edo state.
authors.forename: J O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Agbugui
authors.forename: E O
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Obarisiagbon
authors.forename: E O
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Osaigbovo
authors.forename: C O
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Osime
authors.forename: P N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Akumabor
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis; D001707:Biopsy, Needle / Q000009:adverse effects; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009549:Nigeria; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D012007:Rectum / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014556:Urine / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D008795:Metronidazole; D002939:Ciprofloxacin