title: Apolipoprotein E genotype has a modest impact on the postprandial plasma response to meals of varying fat composition in healthy men in a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Apolioprotein E (APOE) genotype is reported to influence a person's fasting lipid profile and potentially the response to dietary fat manipulation. The impact of APOE genotype on the responsiveness to meals of varying fat composition is unknown.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We examined the effect of meals containing 50 g of fat rich in saturated fatty acids (SFAs), unsaturated fatty acids (UNSATs), or SFAs with fish oil (SFA-FO) on postprandial lipemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized, controlled, test meal study was performed in men recruited according to the APOE genotype (n = 10 APOE3/3, n = 11 APOE3/E4).
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the serum apoE response (meal × genotype interaction P = 0.038), concentrations were on average 8% lower after the UNSAT than the SFA-FO meal in APOE4 carriers (P = 0.015) only. In the genotype groups combined, there was a delay in the time to reach maximum triacylglycerol (TG) concentration (mean ± SEM: 313 ± 25 vs. 266 ± 27 min) and higher maximum nonesterified fatty acid (0.73 ± 0.05 vs. 0.60 ± 0.03 mmol/L) and glucose (7.92 ± 0.22 vs. 7.25 ± 0.22 mmol/L) concentrations after the SFA than the UNSAT meal, respectively (P ≤ 0.05). In the Svedberg flotation rate 60-400 TG-rich lipoprotein fraction, meal × genotype interactions were observed for incremental area under the curve (IAUC) for the TG (P = 0.038) and apoE (P = 0.016) responses with a 58% lower apoE IAUC after the UNSAT than the SFA meal (P = 0.017) in the E4 carriers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data indicate that APOE genotype had a modest impact on the postprandial response to meals of varying fat composition in normolipidemic men. The physiologic importance of greater apoE concentrations after the SFA-rich meals in APOE4 carriers may reflect an impact on TG-rich lipoprotein clearance from the circulation. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01522482.
authors.affiliation: Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, UK; and.
authors.forename: M Virtu
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Calabuig-Navarro
authors.affiliation: Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, UK; and.
authors.forename: Kim G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.affiliation: Unilever Discover, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, UK.
authors.forename: Charlotte M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Walden
authors.affiliation: Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, and.
authors.forename: Anne-Marie
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Minihane
authors.affiliation: Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, UK; and j.a.lovegrove@reading.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Julie A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lovegrove
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D004041:Dietary Fats; D008055:Lipids