title: Thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle.
abstract: The thick ascending limb occupies a central anatomic and functional position in human renal physiology, with critical roles in the defense of the extracellular fluid volume, the urinary concentrating mechanism, calcium and magnesium homeostasis, bicarbonate and ammonium homeostasis, and urinary protein composition. The last decade has witnessed tremendous progress in the understanding of the molecular physiology and pathophysiology of this nephron segment. These advances are the subject of this review, with emphasis on particularly recent developments.
authors.affiliation: Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts dmount@partners.org.
authors.forename: David B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Mount
mesh_terms: D064751:Ammonium Compounds / Q000378:metabolism*; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000378:metabolism*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002712:Chlorides / Q000378:metabolism*; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D017136:Ion Transport / Q000502:physiology*; D008138:Loop of Henle / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008274:Magnesium / Q000378:metabolism; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism*; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism*; D058949:Uromodulin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D064751:Ammonium Compounds; D001639:Bicarbonates; D002712:Chlorides; D058949:Uromodulin; D012964:Sodium; D008274:Magnesium; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium
keywords: Na transport; acidosis; calcium receptor; renal physiology; water transport