title: Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans in the nervous system: inhibitors to repair.
abstract: Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) are widely expressed in the normal central nervous system, serving as guidance cues during development and modulating synaptic connections in the adult. With injury or disease, an increase in CSPG expression is commonly observed close to lesioned areas. However, these CSPG deposits form a substantial barrier to regeneration and are largely responsible for the inability to repair damage in the brain and spinal cord. This review discusses the role of CSPGs as inhibitors, the role of inflammation in stimulating CSPG expression near site of injury, and therapeutic strategies for overcoming the inhibitory effects of CSPGs and creating an environment conducive to nerve regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine at Seton Hill, 20 Seton Hill Drive, Greensburg, PA 15601, USA.
authors.forename: Justin R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Siebert
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Conta Steencken
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.
authors.forename: Donna J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Osterhout
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D011508:Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000473:pathology; D009410:Nerve Degeneration / Q000473:pathology; D009416:Nerve Regeneration; D009420:Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D011508:Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans