title: Safety of concurrent treatment of dogs with fluralaner (Bravecto™) and milbemycin oxime-praziquantel.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Fluralaner (Bravecto™; Merck/MSD Animal Health) is a novel systemic ectoparasiticide for dogs providing long-acting flea and tick control after a single oral dose. Milbemycin oxime and praziquantel are routinely used to control Dirofilaria immitis and intestinal worm infections in dogs. The safety of concurrent use of fluralaner and a commercially available milbemycin oxime plus praziquantel combination tablet, in particular with regard to gastrointestinal symptoms, was investigated using oral doses at or above the maximum recommended rates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Some minor and transient clinical findings were observed during the study period; however, none of these was considered to be related to concurrent treatment with fluralaner and milbemycin oxime plus praziquantel, or to the use of either product alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Concurrent treatment with fluralaner, milbemycin oxime and praziquantel is well tolerated in dogs.
authors.affiliation: MSD Animal Health Innovation GmbH, Zur Propstei, 55270, Schwabenheim, Germany. feli.walther@msd.de.
authors.forename: Feli M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Walther
authors.affiliation: MSD Animal Health, 26 Artisan Road, Seven Hills, NSW, 2172, Australia. petr.fisara@merck.com.
authors.forename: Petr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fisara
authors.affiliation: MSD Animal Health Innovation GmbH, Zur Propstei, 55270, Schwabenheim, Germany. mark.allan@msd.de.
authors.forename: Mark J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Allan
authors.affiliation: MSD Animal Health Innovation GmbH, Zur Propstei, 55270, Schwabenheim, Germany. rainer.roepke@msd.de.
authors.forename: Rainer K A
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Roepke
authors.affiliation: MSD Animal Health Innovation GmbH, Zur Propstei, 55270, Schwabenheim, Germany. martin.nuernberger@msd.de.
authors.forename: Martin C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Nuernberger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D004285:Dogs; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D007306:Insecticides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D007555:Isoxazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D018942:Macrolides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008297:Male; D011223:Praziquantel / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: C000591860:A1443 compound; D000871:Anthelmintics; D007306:Insecticides; D007555:Isoxazoles; D018942:Macrolides; C078973:milbemycin oxime; D011223:Praziquantel