title: Macadamia oil supplementation attenuates inflammation and adipocyte hypertrophy in obese mice.
abstract: Excess of saturated fatty acids in the diet has been associated with obesity, leading to systemic disruption of insulin signaling, glucose intolerance, and inflammation. Macadamia oil administration has been shown to improve lipid profile in humans. We evaluated the effect of macadamia oil supplementation on insulin sensitivity, inflammation, lipid profile, and adipocyte size in high-fat diet (HF) induced obesity in mice. C57BL/6 male mice (8 weeks) were divided into four groups: (a) control diet (CD), (b) HF, (c) CD supplemented with macadamia oil by gavage at 2 g/Kg of body weight, three times per week, for 12 weeks (CD + MO), and (d) HF diet supplemented with macadamia oil (HF + MO). CD and HF mice were supplemented with water. HF mice showed hypercholesterolemia and decreased insulin sensitivity as also previously shown. HF induced inflammation in adipose tissue and peritoneal macrophages, as well as adipocyte hypertrophy. Macadamia oil supplementation attenuated hypertrophy of adipocytes and inflammation in the adipose tissue and macrophages.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Lineu Prestes 1524, Cidade Universitária, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Edson A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Motricidade, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 13506-900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Loreana S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Silveira
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Laureane N
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Masi
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Amanda R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Crisma
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mariana R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Davanso
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Movimento Humano da Universidade São Judas Tadeu, 05503-001 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gabriel I G
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiologia, Disciplina de Fisiologia da Nutrição, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 04023-901 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aline B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Santamarina
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiologia Geral, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-090 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Renata G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Amanda Roque
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luis Gustavo O
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: de Sousa
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Movimento Humano, Instituto de Ciências da Atividade Física e Esporte, Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, 01506-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sandro M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hirabara
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Lineu Prestes 1524, Cidade Universitária, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jose C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Rosa Neto
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D049108:Cell Enlargement; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects; D007249:Inflammation / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D039106:Macadamia; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D010938:Plant Oils; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D002784:Cholesterol