title: A targeted health risk assessment following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure in Vietnamese-American shrimp consumers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Deepwater Horizon oil spill of 2010 prompted concern about health risks among seafood consumers exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) via consumption of contaminated seafood.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to conduct population-specific probabilistic health risk assessments based on consumption of locally harvested white shrimp (Litopenaeus setiferus) among Vietnamese Americans in southeast Louisiana.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a survey of Vietnamese Americans in southeast Louisiana to evaluate shrimp consumption, preparation methods, and body weight among shrimp consumers in the disaster-impacted region. We also collected and chemically analyzed locally harvested white shrimp for 81 individual PAHs. We combined the PAH levels (with accepted reference doses) found in the shrimp with the survey data to conduct Monte Carlo simulations for probabilistic noncancer health risk assessments. We also conducted probabilistic cancer risk assessments using relative potency factors (RPFs) to estimate cancer risks from the intake of PAHs from white shrimp.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Monte Carlo simulations were used to generate hazard quotient distributions for noncancer health risks, reported as mean ± SD, for naphthalene (1.8 × 10-4 ± 3.3 × 10-4), fluorene (2.4 × 10-5 ± 3.3 × 10-5), anthracene (3.9 × 10-6 ± 5.4 × 10-6), pyrene (3.2 × 10-5 ± 4.3 × 10-5), and fluoranthene (1.8 × 10-4 ± 3.3 × 10-4). A cancer risk distribution, based on RPF-adjusted PAH intake, was also generated (2.4 × 10-7 ± 3.9 × 10-7).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The risk assessment results show no acute health risks or excess cancer risk associated with consumption of shrimp containing the levels of PAHs detected in our study, even among frequent shrimp consumers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Global Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
authors.forename: Mark J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Frickel
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Tap
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bui
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Echsner
authors.forename: Bridget R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.forename: Jessi L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.forename: Kent
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Jeffrey K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Wickliffe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D044466:Asian People; D004032:Diet; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008145:Louisiana / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology; D033561:Penaeidae / Q000737:chemistry; D059392:Petroleum Pollution / Q000032:analysis* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D018570:Risk Assessment; D017747:Seafood / Q000032:analysis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical