title: TEMPO-based catholyte for high-energy density nonaqueous redox flow batteries.
abstract: A TEMPO-based non-aqueous electrolyte with the TEMPO concentration as high as 2.0 m is demonstrated as a high-energy-density catholyte for redox flow battery applications. With a hybrid anode, Li|TEMPO flow cells using this electrolyte deliver an energy efficiency of ca. 70% and an impressively high energy density of 126 W h L(-1) .
authors.affiliation: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA.
authors.forename: Xiaoliang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Wu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Murugesan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vijayakumar
authors.forename: Lelia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cosimbescu
authors.forename: Tianbiao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sprenkle
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
keywords: TEMPO; energy density; hybrid anode; nonaqueous electrolyte; redox flow battery