title: Resveratrol based oral nutritional supplement produces long-term beneficial effects on structure and visual function in human patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Longevinex® (L/RV) is a low dose hormetic over-the-counter (OTC) oral resveratrol (RV) based matrix of red wine solids, vitamin D3 and inositol hexaphosphate (IP6) with established bioavailability, safety, and short-term efficacy against the earliest signs of human atherosclerosis, murine cardiac reperfusion injury, clinical retinal neovascularization, and stem cell survival. We previously reported our short-term findings for dry and wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients. Today we report long term (two to three year) clinical efficacy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We treated three patients including a patient with an AMD treatment resistant variant (polypoidal retinal vasculature disease). We evaluated two clinical measures of ocular structure (fundus autofluorescent imaging and spectral domain optical coherence extended depth choroidal imaging) and qualitatively appraised changes in macular pigment volume. We further evaluated three clinical measures of visual function (Snellen visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and glare recovery to a cone photo-stress stimulus).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We observed broad bilateral improvements in ocular structure and function over a long time period, opposite to what might be expected due to aging and the natural progression of the patient's pathophysiology. No side effects were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These three cases demonstrate that application of epigenetics has long-term efficacy against AMD retinal disease, when the retinal specialist has exhausted other therapeutic modalities.
authors.affiliation: Eye Clinic 112e, Captain James A Lovell Federal Health Care Center, 3001 Green Bay Rd., North Chicago, IL 60064, USA. stuart.richer1@va.gov.
authors.forename: Stuart
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Richer
authors.affiliation: Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Rd., North Chicago, IL 60064, USA. shana.patel@my.rfums.org.
authors.forename: Shana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Rd., North Chicago, IL 60064, USA. shivani.sockanathan@my.rfums.org.
authors.forename: Shivani
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sockanathan
authors.affiliation: Eye Clinic 112e, Captain James A Lovell Federal Health Care Center, 3001 Green Bay Rd., North Chicago, IL 60064, USA. Lulanski@uic.edu.
authors.forename: Lawrence J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Ulanski
authors.affiliation: Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Rd., North Chicago, IL 60064, USA. luke.miller@my.rfums.org.
authors.forename: Luke
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Eye Clinic 112e, Captain James A Lovell Federal Health Care Center, 3001 Green Bay Rd., North Chicago, IL 60064, USA. cjpstella63@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Podella
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018529:Nutritional Support / Q000379:methods; D000077185:Resveratrol; D012160:Retina / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D013267:Stilbenes; D000077185:Resveratrol