title: Collagen-glycosaminoglycan matrix implantation promotes angiogenesis following surgical brain trauma.
abstract: Surgical brain injury (SBI) is unavoidable during many neurosurgical procedures intrinsically linked to postoperative neurological deficits. We have previously demonstrated that implantation of collagen glycosaminoglycan (CG) following surgical brain injury could significantly promote functional recovery and neurogenesis. In this study we further hypothesized that this scaffold may provide a microenvironment by promoting angiogenesis to favor neurogenesis and subsequent functional recovery. Using the rodent model of surgical brain injury as we previously established, we divided Sprague-Dawley male rats (weighting 300-350 g) into three groups: (1) sham (2) surgical injury with a lesion (L), and (3) L with CG matrix implantation (L + CG). Our results demonstrated that L + CG group showed a statistically significant increase in the density of vascular endothelial cells and blood vessels over time. In addition, tissue concentrations of angiogenic growth factors (such as VEGF, FGF2, and PDGF) significantly increased in L + CG group. These results suggest that implantation of a CG scaffold can promote vascularization accompanied by neurogenesis. This opens prospects for use of CG scaffolds in conditions such as brain injury including trauma and ischemia.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23143, Taiwan ; School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kuo-Feng
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8242-1690
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan ; Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23143, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wei-Cherng
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan ; Department of Radiology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23143, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jong-Kai
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Hsiao
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Xing Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Gunng-Shinng
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Xing Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jia-Yi
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D002452:Cell Count; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D003094:Collagen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D019919:Prosthesis Implantation; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D003094:Collagen