title: Prevalence of Hippocampal Sclerosis in a Clinicopathologically Characterized Cohort.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hippocampal sclerosis (HS) is a neuropathological finding that frequently occurs with pathologies, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Prevalence estimates of HS in autopsy-confirmed dementia samples have varied between 0.4% and 24.5%. However, the prevalence of HS within other pathologic groups has not been well characterized.
  
  
  METHODS
  Utilizing a sample of 910 prospectively followed and clinicopathologically confirmed dementia cases, we determined the prevalence of HS among the sample and within specific pathologic groups. HS prevalence of the sample was compared to reported HS prevalence rates in other autopsy-confirmed dementia samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The age range of the sample was 43 to 106 years, with a mean of 81.49±8.45. Of the 910 cases, 505 were male and 405 were female. For the entire sample, the average educational level was 14.59±2.65years. Of the 910 individuals, 47 (5.16%) cases had HS pathology present at autopsy. Among the 561 AD cases, 26 (4.43%) had HS pathology present. The frontotemporal dementia (FTD)/Pick's group had the highest percentage of cases with HS pathology (23.08%) followed by primary progressive aphasia (PPA) (16.67%) and Parkinson's disease with dementia (PDD) (5.34%). The HS prevalence rate of this study was not significantly different from all but 2 studies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of HS pathology in this sample of autopsy-confirmed dementia cases was similar to other reported HS prevalence rates. This study is the first to report the presence of HS pathology in PDD cases.
authors.affiliation: The Cleo Roberts Center for Clinical Research Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ, 85351, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Malek-Ahmadi
authors.affiliation: The Cleo Roberts Center for Clinical Research Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ, 85351, USA.
authors.forename: Vickram
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kahlon
authors.affiliation: Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders Center Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA.
authors.forename: Charles H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Adler
authors.affiliation: The Cleo Roberts Center for Clinical Research Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ, 85351, USA.
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Obradov
authors.affiliation: The Cleo Roberts Center for Clinical Research Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ, 85351, USA.
authors.forename: Kabir
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Thind
authors.affiliation: The Cleo Roberts Center for Clinical Research Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ, 85351, USA ; University of Arizona, College of Medicine-Phoenix Campus Phoenix, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Holly A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Shill
authors.affiliation: The Harold Civin Laboratory of Neuropathology Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City AZ 85351, USA.
authors.forename: Lucia I
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Sue
authors.affiliation: Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders Center Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA.
authors.forename: John N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Caviness
authors.affiliation: The Cleo Roberts Center for Clinical Research Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ, 85351, USA ; University of Arizona, College of Medicine-Phoenix Campus Phoenix, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jacobson
authors.affiliation: The Cleo Roberts Center for Clinical Research Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ, 85351, USA ; University of Arizona, College of Medicine-Phoenix Campus Phoenix, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Marwan N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Sabbagh
keywords: Alzheimer's disease; Parkinson's disease; TDP-43; dementia; hippocampal sclerosis; neuropathology