title: Molecular epidemiology of human rhinovirus in children with acute respiratory diseases in Chongqing, China.
abstract: Human rhinovirus-C (HRV-C) has been increasingly detected in patients with acute respiratory diseases (ARDs). Prolonged surveillance was performed on children with ARD to investigate the molecular epidemiology and clinical characteristics of HRV in Chongqing, China. Nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPA) were collected from hospitalized children with ARD during 2009-2012. HRV-C was genotyped by sequencing the VP4/VP2 coding region. Among the 1,567 NPAs obtained, 223 (14.2%) were HRV positive, and 75.3% of these 223 NPAs were co-infected with other viruses. HRV-A (54.7%) and HRV-C (39.9%) accounted for the majority of HRV infections. Logistic regression models demonstrated significant associations between HRV-A, HRV-C, and asthma attacks, as well as between HRV-C and wheezing. A phylogenetic tree showed that HRV-C2 was the predominant type of HRV-C, followed by HRV-C43, HRV-C1, and HRV-C17. Three novel genotypes were proposed on the basis of a low identity with the known HRVs. Our results showed that HRV-A and HRV-C were the predominant types of HRV infection, and HRV-C showed a high genetic variation in Chongqing, China. HRV infection was associated with asthma attacks and wheezing; furthermore, HRV infections played a minor role in causing severe pneumonia. This knowledge provides information for the prevention and control of HRV associated with ARDs.
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing100191, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Qing-Bin
authors.initials: QB
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing. 100071, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wo
authors.affiliation: 1] State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing. 100071, P. R. China [2] Graduate School of Anhui Medical University, Hefei. 230032, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Li-Yuan
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: 1] State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing. 100071, P. R. China [2] Graduate School of Anhui Medical University, Hefei. 230032, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Hong-Yu
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: 1] State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing. 100071, P. R. China [2] Graduate School of Anhui Medical University, Hefei. 230032, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Dou-Dou
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing. 100071, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Ai
authors.initials: XA
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing. 100071, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing. 100071, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Wu-Chun
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Cao
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001249:Asthma / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D012229:Rhinovirus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity