title: Complications of strabismus surgery: incidence and risk factors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To perform a systematic review of the complications of strabismus surgery, focusing on incidence and risk factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  A systematic literature search was performed using the Medline and Cochrane databases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Local complications, such as conjunctival injection and mild scarring, are almost universal but only rarely have long-term clinical significance. There are several important complications that are uncommon but associated with significant long-term sequelae, including slipped muscles, lost muscles, stretched scars, incarcerated muscles, pulled-in-two syndrome, periocular infections, orbital cellulitis, scleral perforations, retinal detachments, endophthalmitis, anterior segment ischemia, and surgical errors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Strabismus surgery is associated with a number of common and serious complications, and it is important for both surgeons and patients to be aware of the risks.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts , USA.
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.forename: David G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Hunter
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007431:Intraoperative Complications; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012307:Risk Factors; D013285:Strabismus / Q000601:surgery*
keywords: Complications; postoperative; review; strabismus; surgery