title: Umbilical cord Wharton's jelly repeated culture system: a new device and method for obtaining abundant mesenchymal stem cells for bone tissue engineering.
abstract: To date, various types of cells for seeding regenerative scaffolds have been used for bone tissue engineering. Among seed cells, the mesenchymal stem cells derived from human umbilical cord Wharton's jelly (hUCMSCs) represent a promising candidate and hold potential for bone tissue engineering due to the the lack of ethical controversies, accessibility, sourced by non-invasive procedures for donors, a reduced risk of contamination, osteogenic differentiation capacities, and higher immunomodulatory capacity. However, the current culture methods are somewhat complicated and inefficient and often fail to make the best use of the umbilical cord (UC) tissues. Moreover, these culture processes cannot be performed on a large scale and under strict quality control. As a result, only a small quantity of cells can be harvested using the current culture methods. To solve these problems, we designed and evaluated an UC Wharton's jelly repeated culture device. Using this device, hUCMSCs were obtained from the repeated cultures and their quantities and biological characteristics were compared. We found that using our culture device, which retained all tissue blocks on the bottom of the dish, the total number of obtained cells increased 15-20 times, and the time required for the primary passage was reduced. Moreover, cells harvested from the repeated cultures exhibited no significant difference in their immunophenotype, potential for multilineage differentiation, or proliferative, osteoinductive capacities, and final osteogenesis. The application of the repeated culture frame (RCF) not only made full use of the Wharton's jelly but also simplified and specified the culture process, and thus, the culture efficiency was significantly improved. In summary, abundant hUCMSCs of dependable quality can be acquired using the RCF.
authors.affiliation: National & Regional United Engineering Lab of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Center of Tissue Engineering Research and Application, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Chongqing City, Chongqing, China; Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Jinan Military Commanding Region, Jinan, China.
authors.forename: Zhengqi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: National & Regional United Engineering Lab of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Center of Tissue Engineering Research and Application, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Chongqing City, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Tianyong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: National & Regional United Engineering Lab of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Center of Tissue Engineering Research and Application, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Chongqing City, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Junchao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.affiliation: National & Regional United Engineering Lab of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Center of Tissue Engineering Research and Application, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Chongqing City, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Xuehui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: National & Regional United Engineering Lab of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Center of Tissue Engineering Research and Application, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Chongqing City, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Huiyong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: National & Regional United Engineering Lab of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Center of Tissue Engineering Research and Application, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Chongqing City, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Zhiqiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: National & Regional United Engineering Lab of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Center of Tissue Engineering Research and Application, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Chongqing City, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Moyuan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: National & Regional United Engineering Lab of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Center of Tissue Engineering Research and Application, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Chongqing City, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: National & Regional United Engineering Lab of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Center of Tissue Engineering Research and Application, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Chongqing City, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Jianzhong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D010012:Osteogenesis; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D014470:Umbilical Cord / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*