title: The effect of formulative parameters on the size and physical stability of SLN based on "green" components.
abstract: Cocoa butter (CB) is a largely used excipient in pharmaceutical field. Aim of this work was to set formulative parameters for the preparation of SLN based on "green" lipid matrix for drug delivery as natural, both human and environmental safe systems. Double emulsion technique (w1/o/w2) was selected for SLN preparation. The effect on the dimensional properties of different surfactants (Tween 80 and PEG 40 monostearate) and co-surfactants (PEG400 monostearate, Emulium® Kappa2 and Plurol®Stearique) at different concentrations was evaluated. Stability tests were performed. SLN dispersions were exsiccated and the effect of the dried process on SLN size was evaluated. The influence of temperature on SLN dimensions was investigated at 37 °C. MTT test was performed on raw materials and formulations. The w1/o/w2 is suitable, rapid and economic technique for the preparation of CB SLN. Tween 80-Plurol Stearique combination gives the best results: particles size less than 400 nm and PI of about 0.4 are obtained when PS 2% is used. Both raw materials and formulations are safe. The importance to evaluate the effect of different surfactant and/or co-surfactant on the dimensional properties of SLN is evident by selecting substances with preferable safety profiles, and favorable environmental properties to develop stable "green" SLN.
authors.affiliation: a Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia and.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Soddu
authors.affiliation: a Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia and.
authors.forename: Giovanna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rassu
authors.affiliation: a Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia and.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cossu
authors.affiliation: a Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia and.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Giunchedi
authors.affiliation: b Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio , Università di Sassari , Sassari , Italy.
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cerri
authors.affiliation: a Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia and.
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gavini
mesh_terms: D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004355:Drug Stability; D055772:Green Chemistry Technology / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D011136:Polysorbates / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids; D011136:Polysorbates
keywords: Cocoa butter; SLN; renewal resource; size; surfactant/co-surfactant mixture