title: Dual matrilineal geographic distribution of Korean type 2 diabetes mellitus-associated -11,377 G adiponectin allele.
abstract: The present study was performed to identify the susceptible single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for the prediction of Korean type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to clarify the matrilineal origin of Korean T2DM‑specific SNPs. Fourteen SNPs from the adiponectin (ADIPOQ), hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 and glucokinase genes in the Korean population were analyzed. Only one SNP, ‑11,377 C/G on the ADIPOQ gene, was finally determined to be responsible for the incidence of Korean T2DM (P=0.028). The G‑T‑T‑A haplotype at positions ‑11,377, +45, +276 and +349 on the ADIPOQ gene was also associated with a high incidence of Korean T2DM (P=0.023). In addition, the susceptibility of Korean individuals to T2DM appears to be affected by their matrilineal origin. Of note, the group of Southern origin, consisting of mitochondrial DNA macrohaplogroups F and R, was predisposed to T2DM, whereas the group of Northern origin, consisting of haplogroups A and Y, was resistant to T2DM. This implied that the differential genetics between the two groups, which were formed from the initial peopling of the proto‑Korean population via Southern and Northern routes to the present time, may explain their differing susceptibility to T2DM. In conclusion, from Southern Asia Northward, a matrilineal origin of Korean individuals appears to be responsible for the prevalence of Korean T2DM caused by the ‑11,377 G allele.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jee-Hye
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science, College of Natural Science, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756, South Korea.
authors.forename: Na Young
authors.initials: NY
authors.lastname: Min
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Kil
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Science and Culture, Graduate School, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756, South Korea.
authors.forename: Lkhagvasuren
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gavaachimed
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science, College of Natural Science, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756, South Korea.
authors.forename: Young Jong
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science, College of Natural Science, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Hoon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756, South Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung Yong
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756, South Korea.
authors.forename: Kijung
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science, College of Natural Science, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756, South Korea.
authors.forename: Kwang Ho
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ae Ja
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000235:genetics*; D000483:Alleles; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin