title: Lactoferrin levels in gingival crevicular fluid and saliva of HIV-infected patients with chronic periodontitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study compared lactoferrin (LF) levels in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and saliva between HIV-infected and noninfected patients with chronic periodontitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  For each subject, LF levels were analyzed in one shallow site (SS; PD ≤3 mm), one deep site (DS; PD >5 mm) and in resting whole saliva. Two groups, 28 HIV-infected and 10 noninfected, were selected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although the salivary LF levels were higher in HIV-infected than in noninfected individuals, especially in AIDS patients, this was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Subgingival LF levels for SS and DS were lower among HIV-infected individuals, although AIDS patients showed the lowest levels. Age, smoking, gender, T CD4 lymphocytes levels and viral load did not influence subgingival LF levels, neither for SS nor for DP. Positive fungal culture was observed in 24 HIV-infected patients, but only observed in one in the control group. Overall, LF concentration was significantly higher in DS than SS, both in HIV-infected and noninfected individuals (P < 0.05) and salivary LF levels were always higher than GCF levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data indicate that LF levels in the GCF and saliva are not different between HIV-infected and noninfected patients with chronic periodontitis.
authors.affiliation: Educational Foundation Jayme de Altavila, Maceió, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sonia Maria Soares
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: Lucio Souza
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.forename: Sandra R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.forename: Susie A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Nogueira
authors.forename: Timothy F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Meiller
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000302:isolation & purification; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D005260:Female; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007781:Lactoferrin / Q000032:analysis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000382:microbiology; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry*; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000378:metabolism; D014059:Tongue / Q000382:microbiology; D019562:Viral Load; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D007781:Lactoferrin
keywords: HIV infections; chronic periodontitis; gingival crevicular fluid; lactoferrin; saliva