title: The Oxford Sleep Resistance test (OSLER) and the Multiple Unprepared Reaction Time Test (MURT) detect vigilance modifications in sleep apnea patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Oxford Sleep Resistance Test (OSLER) is a behavioral test that measures a subject's ability to maintain wakefulness and assesses daytime vigilance. The multiple unprepared reaction time (MURT) test measures a subject's reaction time in response to a series of visual or audible stimuli.
  
  
  METHODS
  We recruited 34 healthy controls in order to determine the normative data for MURT. Then we evaluated modifications in OSLER and MURT values in 192 patients who were referred for suspicion of sleep apnea. We performed OSLER (three 40-min sessions) and MURT (two 10-min sessions) tests at baseline. Of 173 treated OSA patients, 29 professional drivers were retested within six months of treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MURT values above 250 ms can be considered abnormal. The OSLER error index (the number of all errors divided by the duration of the session in hours) correlated statistically significantly with sleep latency, MURT time, and ESS. Treatment improved OSLER sleep latency from 33 min 4 s to 36 min 48 s, OSLER error index from 66/h to 26/h, and MURT time from 278 ms to 224 ms; these differences were statistically significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  OSLER and MURT tests are practical and reliable tools for measuring improvement in vigilance due to sleep apnea therapy in professional drivers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland, and Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Anniina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alakuijala
authors.affiliation: Sleep Unit, Pulmonary Department, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland.
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Maasilta
authors.affiliation: Sleep Unit, Pulmonary Department, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland.
authors.forename: Adel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bachour
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D045422:Continuous Positive Airway Pressure / Q000379:methods*; D006970:Disorders of Excessive Somnolence / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017286:Polysomnography / Q000379:methods; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology*; D012891:Sleep Apnea Syndromes / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D014851:Wakefulness / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: CPAP; alertness; excessive daytime sleepiness; reaction time; vigilance