title: Mechano-regulation of collagen biosynthesis in periodontal ligament.
abstract: Periodontal ligament (PDL) plays critical roles in the development and maintenance of periodontium such as tooth eruption and dissipation of masticatory force. The mechanical properties of PDL are mainly derived from fibrillar type I collagen, the most abundant extracellular component. The biosynthesis of type I collagen is a long, complex process including a number of intra- and extracellular post-translational modifications. The final modification step is the formation of covalent intra- and intermolecular cross-links that provide collagen fibrils with stability and connectivity. It is now clear that collagen post-translational modifications are regulated by groups of specific enzymes and associated molecules in a tissue-specific manner; and these modifications appear to change in response to mechanical force. This review focuses on the effect of mechanical loading on collagen biosynthesis and fibrillogenesis in PDL with emphasis on the post-translational modifications of collagens, which is an important molecular aspect to understand in the field of prosthetic dentistry.
authors.affiliation: Division of Bioprosthodontics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan. Electronic address: kakum@dent.niigata-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaku
authors.affiliation: North Carolina Oral Health Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Mitsuo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamauchi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics*; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D018832:Molecular Chaperones / Q000502:physiology; D019696:Peptidylprolyl Isomerase / Q000502:physiology; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D008240:Procollagen-Lysine, 2-Oxoglutarate 5-Dioxygenase / Q000502:physiology; D064828:Prolyl Hydroxylases / Q000502:physiology; D011476:Prosthodontics; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D064828:Prolyl Hydroxylases; D008240:Procollagen-Lysine, 2-Oxoglutarate 5-Dioxygenase; D019696:Peptidylprolyl Isomerase
keywords: Collagen; Fibrillogenesis; Mechanical loading; Periodontal ligament; Post-translational modification