title: Protection of polyunsaturated oils against ruminal biohydrogenation and oxidation during storage using a polyphenol oxidase containing extract from red clover.
abstract: Polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) are to a large extent subject to biohydrogenation in a ruminal environment, which results to the healthy value of these PUFA being lost upon dietary addition to ruminants. PUFA are also prone to lipid oxidation upon storage. Therefore, it was tested whether emulsions could be protected against in vitro ruminal biohydrogenation and oxidation during storage by using protein extracts rich in polyphenol oxidase, an enzyme responsible for browning of plant tissues. PUFA rich emulsions were made with a protein extract from red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) before adding a synthetic diphenol (4-methylcatechol) to induce protection. Results after in vitro incubation confirmed the hypothesis and indicated the potential to prevent PUFA in linseed or fish oil from ruminal biohydrogenation and oxidation during storage through addition of 4-methylcatechol to the emulsions. Protection depended on the amount of oil present and protein concentrations in the emulsions. Protection efficiency increased with increasing the amounts of diphenol present in the emulsion per unit interfacial surface area. It is suggested that protection is caused by an effective encapsulation by cross-linking of the protein layer at the emulsion interface. For the first time, a method is described to protect PUFA using an enzyme abundantly available in nature, polyphenol oxidase, in combination with 4-methylcatechol.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Proefhoevestraat 10, 9090 Melle, Belgium.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gadeyne
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Proefhoevestraat 10, 9090 Melle, Belgium.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Van Ranst
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Proefhoevestraat 10, 9090 Melle, Belgium.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vlaeminck
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Proefhoevestraat 10, 9090 Melle, Belgium.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vossen
authors.affiliation: Particle and Interfacial Technology Group, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Van der Meeren
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Proefhoevestraat 10, 9090 Melle, Belgium. Electronic address: Veerle.Fievez@UGent.be.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Fievez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004156:Catechol Oxidase / Q000737:chemistry*; D002396:Catechols; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000378:metabolism; D004655:Emulsions / Q000737:chemistry; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000737:chemistry*; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000737:chemistry; D005519:Food Preservation / Q000379:methods*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000737:chemistry; D008043:Linseed Oil / Q000737:chemistry; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry; D012417:Rumen; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D029921:Trifolium / Q000201:enzymology*
chemical_list: D002396:Catechols; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D004655:Emulsions; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D005395:Fish Oils; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; C018599:4-methylcatechol; D006859:Hydrogen; D008043:Linseed Oil; D004156:Catechol Oxidase; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Emulsion; Encapsulation; Oxidation; Polyphenol oxidase; Polyunsaturated fatty acids; Ruminal biohydrogenation