title: Depression of HspA2 in human testis is associated with spermatogenic impairment and fertilization rate in ICSI treatment for azoospermic individuals.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Heat shock protein A2 (HspA2) expression was quantitatively measured in human testis and its relationship with the spermatogenetic status and laboratory outcomes of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) was investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Testicular tissues of azoospermia men were divided into four groups according to histopahtology: normal spermatogenesiss, hypospermatogenesis, maturation arrest and Sertoli cell-only syndrome (SCOS). HspA2 immunostaining was measured by Image Pro-Plus (IPP) and laboratory outcomes were calculated. The regression analysis between HspA2 expression and Johnsen score of as well as fertilization, cleavage and high quality embryo rate was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HspA2 was strongly present in the cytoplasm of spermatocytes and spermatides in normal testis. However, hypospermatogenesis and maturation arrest testicular tissues demonstrated light staining and no staining for SCOS. Quantitative image analysis showed that there were significant differences among groups (P = 0.000 & P = 0.001). HspA2 exspression was founded significantly correlated spermatogenetic status (R(2) = 0.726, P = 0.000) as well as fertilization rate in ICSI (R(2) = 0.569, P = 0.000).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The fertilization rate with ICSI is associated with HspA2 expression in the testis from which sperm retrieved and the alteration of HspA2 expression has been involved in spermatogenic impairment.
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China.
authors.forename: Yonghong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Fengbin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xinzong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Lejun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Liquang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Biwei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D053713:Azoospermia / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic; D013091:Spermatogenesis / Q000235:genetics; D013737:Testis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; C091879:HSPA2 protein, human