title: Thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection.
abstract: Aortic dissection is the most devastating complication of thoracic aortic disease. In the more than 250 years since thoracic aortic dissection was first described, much has been learned about diseases of the thoracic aorta. In this review, we describe normal thoracic aortic size; risk factors for dissection, including genetic and inflammatory conditions; the underpinnings of genetic diseases associated with aneurysm and dissection, including Marfan syndrome and the role of transforming growth factor beta signaling; data on the role for medical therapies in aneurysmal disease, including beta-blockers, angiotensin receptor blockers, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; prophylactic surgery for aneurysm; surgical techniques for the aortic root; and surgical and endovascular management of aneurysm and dissection for different aortic segments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute and Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Cardiovascular Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Judith Z
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Goldfinger
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute and Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Cardiovascular Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Jonathan L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Halperin
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Michael L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Marin
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Allan S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Samuel and Jean A. Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Health System and Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: Kim A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Eagle
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute and Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Cardiovascular Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York. Electronic address: valentin.fuster@mountsinai.org.
authors.forename: Valentin
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Fuster
mesh_terms: D000784:Aortic Dissection / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D000818:Animals; D017545:Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D004535:Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008382:Marfan Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D014424:Turner Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy
keywords: Marfan syndrome; aortic aneurysm; cardiac surgical procedures; endovascular procedures; risk factors; transforming growth factor beta