title: The compliance of healthcare workers with universal precautions in the emergency room at the university hospital of the west indies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The study assessed compliance among health workers in the Emergency Room at the University Hospital of the West Indies with universal precautions. This was done by determining the knowledge, practices and perceptions of staff of universal precautions and by assessing compliance. Reported adherence with universal precautions was compared with observed practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a cross-sectional study conducted over a one-year period. It was approved by the University Hospital of the West Indies/University of the West Indies/Faculty of Medical Sciences Ethics Committee. Data were analysed using Stata version 11.1.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the study period, 67 persons gave consent for the study, data were obtained for 62 of these participants and 52 of the respondents were observed. All of the participants were aware that universal precautions related to blood. Eighty-six per cent erroneously thought that universal precautions apply to urine. Seventy-nine per cent of the participants reported always washing their hands after performing a procedure and 43.5% reported always washing their hands before a procedure. Just over half of the participants reported always wearing gloves while doing procedures (56.5%). Only 9% reported always using a gown with a trauma patient. However, 31% and 43.3% reported wearing a gown when placing a chest tube and when anticipating splashes, respectively. Of those participants who reported washing their hands often after a procedure, over 30% did not perform hand-washing when observed. Fifty per cent of persons that reported never recapping needles were observed to recap needles by hand.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study revealed that compliance among staff in the Emergency Room with universal precautions was unsatisfactory. The need for education in this area was recognized.
authors.affiliation: Emergency Medicine Division, University Hospital of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.affiliation: Emergency Medicine Division, Department of Surgery, Radiology, Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica. jean.williamsjohnson@uwimona.edu.jm.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Williams-Johnson
authors.affiliation: Emergency Medicine Division, The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill, Barbados.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.affiliation: Office of Research, Dean's Office, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Walters
authors.affiliation: Emergency Medicine Division, University Hospital of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica.
authors.forename: E W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.affiliation: Office of Graduate Studies and Research, The University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Eldemire-Shearer