title: Detection of platelet-monocyte aggregates by the ADAM(®) image cytometer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Inappropriate platelet activation is known to be associated with various thrombotic disorders. Platelet-monocyte aggregates (PMAs), whose formation is mediated by platelet surface P-selectin (CD62P), can be used as a reliable marker to detect platelet activation. Previous studies have generally detected PMAs through flow cytometry-based approaches. Recently, the ADAM(®) image cytometer (Nanoentek Inc., Seoul, Korea) was developed for image-based cellular analysis. In this study, we detected PMAs with the ADAM(®) cytometer, evaluated the reproducibility of the measurements made by the ADAM(®) cytometer, and compared the abilities of the ADAM(®) cytometer and a flow cytometric assay to detect PMAs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Whole blood samples were collected from patients. Within 5 minutes of collection, anticoagulated whole blood samples were fixed in 10% paraformaldehyde and 5% glyoxal. Nineteen clinical specimens were collected; each was analyzed three times with the ADAM(®) cytometer in order to assess the reproducibility of its measurements. To compare the ability of the ADAM(®) cytometer with that of a flow cytometer to detect PMAs, each cytometer was used for 23 clinical samples and the correlation of the measurements was determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The PMA measurements made by the ADAM(®) cytometer showed good reproducibility (CV < 10% for all specimens). Moreover, the PMA measurements made by the ADAM(®) cytometer exhibited a high correlation with those made by a flow cytometric assay (R = 0.944).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ADAM(®) cytometer is a suitable alternative method to the flow cytometry-based assays. Since the ADAM cytometer does not need specialized instrument knowledge or software proficiency (unlike flow cytometry), the ADAM(®) cytometer can be used as a rapid and reliable POCT device to measure platelet activation in peripheral blood. This, in turn, will provide valuable information regarding patient propensities to thrombotic diseases.
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 152-703, South Korea.
authors.forename: Bo Kyeung
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 152-703, South Korea.
authors.forename: Chi Hyun
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 152-703, South Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung Chul
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.affiliation: 2. Nanoentek Incorp., Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dae
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sung Hur
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 152-703, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong-Ah
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 152-703, South Korea.
authors.forename: Soo-Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Yoon
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000166:cytology*; D002449:Cell Aggregation; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D015539:Platelet Activation; D010974:Platelet Aggregation; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes
keywords: ADAM®; image cytometer; platelet activation; platelet-monocyte aggregates