title: Chronic stress impairs collateral blood flow recovery in aged mice.
abstract: Chronic stress is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Aging is also associated with vascular dysfunction. We hypothesize that chronic stress accelerates collateral dysfunction in old mice. Mice were subjected to either chronic social defeat (CSD) or chronic cold stress (CCS). The CSD mice were housed in a box inside an aggressor's cage and exposed to the aggressor. The CCS group was placed in iced water. After chronic stress, mice underwent femoral artery ligation (FAL) and flow recovery was measured. For the CSD group, appearance and use scores of the foot and a behavioral test were performed. CSD impaired collateral flow recovery after FAL. Further, stressed mice had greater ischemic damage, impaired foot function, and altered behavior. The CCS mice also showed impaired collateral flow recovery. Chronic stress causes hind limb collateral dysfunction in old mice, a conclusion reinforced by the fact that two types of stress produced similar changes.
authors.affiliation: MedStar Cardiovascular Research Network, MedStar Heart Institute, Washington Hospital Center, 108 Irving Street, NW Room 214, Washington, DC, 20010, USA.
authors.forename: Roberta M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Lassance-Soares
authors.forename: Subeena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sood
authors.forename: Nabarun
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chakraborty
authors.forename: Sunny
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jhamnani
authors.forename: Nima
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aghili
authors.forename: Hajra
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nashin
authors.forename: Rasha
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hammamieh
authors.forename: Marti
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jett
authors.forename: Stephen E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Epstein
authors.forename: Mary Susan
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Burnett
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003080:Cold Temperature; D003097:Collateral Circulation; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005263:Femoral Artery / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D007511:Ischemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D008026:Ligation; D008297:Male; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D012919:Social Behavior; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D013997:Time Factors