title: Measuring symptoms and diagnosing mental disorders in the elderly community: the test-retest reliability of the CIDI65.
abstract: Prevalence findings for the elderly are artificially low, most likely due to insufficient consideration of age-related cognitive abilities in diagnostic interviews.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  (1) To describe the rationale for the development of an age-adapted Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI65+) for use in a European project (MentDis_ICF65+). (2) To examine its test-retest reliability.
  
  
  METHODS
  Based on substantive pilot work the CIDI standard questions were shortened, broken down into shorter subsets and combined with sensitization questions and dimensional measures. Test-retest was determined in N = 68 subjects aged 60-79 years via two independent examinations by clinical interviewers using kappa (sensitivity, specificity) for categorical and intraclass correlation (ICC) coefficients for dimensional measures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Test-retest reliability was good for any mental disorder (κ = 0.63), major depression (κ = 0.55), anxiety (κ = 0.62, range = 0.30-0.78), substance (κ = 0.77, range = 0.71-0.82), obsessive-compulsive disorder (κ = 1.00) and most core symptoms/syndromes (κ range = 0.48-1.00). Agreement for some disorders (i.e. somatoform/pain) attenuated, partly due to time lapse effects. ICC for age of onset, recency, quantity, frequency and duration questions ranged between κ = 0.60-0.90. Dimensional agreement measures were not consistently higher.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The age-adapted CIDI65+ is reliable for assessing most mental disorders, distress, impairment and time-related information in the elderly, prompting the need to examine validity.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy and Centre of Clinical Epidemiology and Longitudinal Studies (CELOS), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Hans-Ulrich
authors.initials: HU
authors.lastname: Wittchen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy and Centre of Clinical Epidemiology and Longitudinal Studies (CELOS), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Strehle
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy and Centre of Clinical Epidemiology and Longitudinal Studies (CELOS), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Anja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gerschler
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Psychology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Volkert
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Psychology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Maria Christina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Dehoust
authors.affiliation: Department of Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sehner
authors.affiliation: Department of Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wegscheider
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Berta
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ausìn
authors.affiliation: Division of Liaison Psychiatry and Crisis Intervention, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University Hospitals of Geneva (HUG), Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Canuto
authors.affiliation: Royal College of Psychiatrists, London, UK.
authors.forename: Mike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Crawford
authors.affiliation: Section of Psychiatry, Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Da Ronch
authors.affiliation: Section of Psychiatry, Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Grassi
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Hadassah University Medical Centre, Kiryat Hadassah, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Yael
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hershkovitz
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Munoz
authors.affiliation: Department of Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.|Royal College of Psychiatrists, London, UK.
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Quirk
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Hadassah University Medical Centre, Kiryat Hadassah, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Ora
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Rotenstein
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana Belén
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Santos-Olmo
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Hadassah University Medical Centre, Kiryat Hadassah, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Arieh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shalev
authors.affiliation: Division of Liaison Psychiatry and Crisis Intervention, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University Hospitals of Geneva (HUG), Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Psychology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Holger
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schulz
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Psychology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Härter
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Psychology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.|Institute for Psychology, Alpen-Adria Universität Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt, Austria.
authors.forename: Sylke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Andreas
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
keywords: CIDI; addiction; anxiety; assessment mental disorders; depression; elderly; reliability