title: On the use of Ethephon as abscising agent in cv. Crimson Seedless table grape production: combination of Fruit Detachment Force, Fruit Drop and metabolomics.
abstract: The effect of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (Ethephon, in the following ETH) as abscising agent on cv. Crimson Seedless table grape was investigated by means of Fruit Detachment Force (FDF) and Fruit Drop (FD) analyses combined with a metabolomic study carried out by High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The effectiveness of ETH as abscising agent was ascertained with ETH concentration ranging from 1.4 to 4.0 g/L in a two-year study. The ETH treatments caused berry drops higher than 40% and induced an increase of tartaric acid, procyanidin P2, terpenoid derivatives and peonidin-3-glucoside as well as a decrease of catechin and epicatechin. HRMS-NMR covariance analysis was carried out to correlate the fluctuations of tartaric acid NMR signals to those of MS peaks of the secondary metabolites affected by ETH treatments.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, del Territorio, Edile e di Chimica, Politecnico di Bari, Via Orabona, 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy. Electronic address: antonio.rizzuti@poliba.it.
authors.forename: Antonino
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rizzuti
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, del Territorio, Edile e di Chimica, Politecnico di Bari, Via Orabona, 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Luis Manuel
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Aguilera-Sáez
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, del Territorio, Edile e di Chimica, Politecnico di Bari, Via Orabona, 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy; Innovative Solutions S.r.l. - Spin off company of Politecnico di Bari, zona H, 150/B, 70015 Noci (BA), Italy.
authors.forename: Vito
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gallo
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, del Territorio, Edile e di Chimica, Politecnico di Bari, Via Orabona, 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Isabella
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cafagna
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, del Territorio, Edile e di Chimica, Politecnico di Bari, Via Orabona, 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy; Innovative Solutions S.r.l. - Spin off company of Politecnico di Bari, zona H, 150/B, 70015 Noci (BA), Italy.
authors.forename: Piero
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mastrorilli
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, del Territorio, Edile e di Chimica, Politecnico di Bari, Via Orabona, 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy; Innovative Solutions S.r.l. - Spin off company of Politecnico di Bari, zona H, 150/B, 70015 Noci (BA), Italy.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Latronico
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pacifico
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Angela Maria Stella
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Matarrese
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ferrara
mesh_terms: D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis; D019649:Food Industry / Q000379:methods; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; C005073:ethephon
keywords: Berry loosening; Covariance analysis; Crimson Seedless; Fresh-cut food; Fruit Detachment Force; High Resolution Mass Spectrometry; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance; Principal Component Analysis; Table grapes