title: [A wireless telemetry study on the electrical activity in nucleus accumbens of heroin-induced place preference rats].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the electrical activity property changes in nucleus accumbens (NAc) of heroin-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) rats during different stages of heroin dependence and to explore NAc's roles in the formation of drug dependence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Recording electrodes were bilaterally embedded into the NAcs of rats with the aid of stereotaxic apparatus, followed by establishment of heroin-dependent rat model. The NAc electrical activity during 3 different stages of heroin dependence, including heroin pre-exposure, immediate post-exposure and heroin withdrawal, were respectively recorded using EEG wireless telemetry techniques. The frequency distribution (ranging from 0.5 to 30 Hz) and the amplitude of NAc electrical activity were analyzed and measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Heroin-dependent rat models were successfully established and their withdrawal symptoms were evident. All rats showed a conditioned place preference (CPP) for the white box after 5-10 days of heroin-exposure, and displayed a maximum withdrawal symptoms on 2d after heroin- withdrawal. During all statges of heroin-dependence, the NAc electrical activity contained the highest proportion of delta rhythm and the lowest proportion of alpha2 rhythm. The discharge frequence band was similar across different stages. There was a significantly increased ratio of low-frequency discharges (delta rhythm) and decreased ratio of high-frequency discharges (beta rhythm) in NAc of rats during the immediate post- heroin exposure stage when compared with that during pre-exposure and heroin withdrawal stages. During the withdrawal stage, the ratio of at rhythm was significantly lower than during pre- and post-heroin exposure stages (P < 0.01). Further, the mean discharge amplitude in NAcs during immediate post-exposure and withdrawal stages was significantly increased relative to pre-exposure stage. However, the mean discharge amplitude during heroin withdrawal stage was significantly lower than during immediate post-exposure stage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The electrical activity properties in rat NAcs showed a significant change during different stages of heroin-dependence, which suggested that neuronal activities in NAcs might contribute to the modulation of drug-dependence.
authors.forename: Zai-Man
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Tian-Miao
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.forename: Hong-Ming
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Qun-Wan
authors.initials: QW
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003216:Conditioning, Operant; D003932:Heroin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006556:Heroin Dependence / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D009714:Nucleus Accumbens / Q000503:physiopathology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013686:Telemetry
chemical_list: D003932:Heroin