title: High expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 indicates poor prognosis in human hilar cholangiocarcinoma.
abstract: High expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) was found to be correlated with tumor progression and poor prognosis in a variety of carcinomas. However, few studies have investigated the role of MMP-9 in human hilar cholangiocarcinoma. In this study, a total of 58 patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma who underwent curative resection were included in this study. The expression of MMP-9 was analyzed by immunohistochemistry using the streptavidin peroxidase complex method. The correlation of MMP-9 overexpression with clinicopathological features and survival time of patients was investigated. The results showed that MMP-9 overexpression was prominent in cancer cells and mainly localized in the cytoplasm. MMP-9 overexpression was observed in 46.5% tumors, which showed no correlation with clinicopathological parameters. Patients with high MMP-9 expression had a significantly poorer overall survival rate than those with negative or low MMP-9 expression (P = 0.038). Multivariate analysis confirmed that MMP-9 overexpression was an independent prognostic factor (P = 0.007). In conclusion, overexpression of MMP-9 is a valuable independent prognostic indicator in hilar cholangiocarcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Chuanzong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Leizhou
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Zhaobin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Zhihua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Chuan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Jiayong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Niu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D001653:Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000032:analysis*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C579270:MMP9 protein, human; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
keywords: Cholangiocarcinoma; MMP; prognosis