title: Optimization of a novel improver gel formulation for Barbari flat bread using response surface methodology.
abstract: Nowadays, the use of bread improvers has become an essential part of improving the production methods and quality of bakery products. In the present study, the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to determine the optimum improver gel formulation which gave the best quality, shelf life, sensory and image properties for Barbari flat bread. Sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate (SSL), diacetyl tartaric acid esters of monoglyceride (DATEM) and propylene glycol (PG) were constituents of the gel and considered in this study. A second-order polynomial model was fitted to each response and the regression coefficients were determined using least square method. The optimum gel formulation was found to be 0.49 % of SSL, 0.36 % of DATEM and 0.5 % of PG when desirability function method was applied. There was a good agreement between the experimental data and their predicted counterparts. Results showed that the RSM, image processing and texture analysis are useful tools to investigate, approximate and predict a large number of bread properties.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, P.O. Box 91775-1163, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pourfarzad
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, P.O. Box 91775-1163, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Hossein
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Haddad Khodaparast
authors.affiliation: Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Mehdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karimi
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, P.O. Box 91775-1163, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Seyed Ali
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Mortazavi
keywords: Emulsifier; Image processing; Polyol; Shelf life; Texture analysis