title: Effects of oxidized phospholipids on gene expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages: a microarray study.
abstract: Oxidized phospholipids (oxPLs) are components of oxidized LDL (oxLDL). It is known that oxLDL activates expression of a series of atherogenic genes and their oxPLs contribute to their biological activities. In this study we present the effects of 1-palmitoyl-2-glutaroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (PGPC) and 1-palmitoyl-2-(5-oxovaleroyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POVPC) on gene expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages using cDNA microarrays. PGPC affected the regulation of 146 genes, whereas POVPC showed only very minor effects. PGPC preferentially influenced expression of genes related to cell death, angiogenesis, cholesterol efflux, procoagulant mechanisms, atherogenesis, inflammation, and cell cycle. Many of these effects are known from studies with oxLDL or oxidized 1-hexadecanoyl-2-eicosatetra-5',8',11',14'-enoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (oxPAPC), containing PGPC in addition to other oxPL species. It is known that POVPC efficiently reacts with proteins by Schiff base formation, whereas PGPC only physically interacts with its biological targets. POVPC seems to affect cell physiology to a great extent on the protein level, whereas PGPC gives rise to both the modulation of protein function and regulation on the transcriptional level.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Koller
authors.affiliation: Biocenter, Division of Bioinformatics, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Hubert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hackl
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: Juliane Gertrude
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Bogner-Strauß
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: Albin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hermetter
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010742:Phospholipid Ethers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012545:Schiff Bases / Q000737:chemistry; D013997:Time Factors; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: C400184:1-palmitoyl-2-(5-oxovaleroyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine; C400185:1-palmitoyl-2-glutaroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine; D010742:Phospholipid Ethers; D012545:Schiff Bases; D002784:Cholesterol