title: Adjacent disc and facet joint degeneration in young adults with low-grade spondylolytic spondylolisthesis: A magnetic resonance imaging study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Premature adjacent-level degeneration has been attributed to vertebral fusion, but spondylolisthesis has not been reported as a pathological factor responsible for the degeneration of adjacent disc and facet joint. We hypothesized that the degeneration of disc and facet joints in the adjacent levels is correlated with spondylolisthesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Magnetic resonance images of 35 symptomatic young adults (16-29 years old) with low-grade L5-S1 spondylolytic spondylolisthesis (Meyerding Grade 1 or 2) and 50 symptomatic young referents (20-29 years old) with L5-S1 disc herniation without spondylolisthesis were recruited to compare the differences between disc and facet-joint degenerations at the olisthetic and adjacent levels using the Mantel extension test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were statistically significant degenerative changes of the discs and facet joints at the olisthetic and adjacent levels of patients with spondylolytic spondylolisthesis compared with the reference group. There is a trend that the disc and facet joints degenerate the most at the olisthetic level and become less affected at adjacent levels away from the lesion of pars defect.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low-grade spondylolytic spondylolisthesis was associated with significant degenerations of the disc and facet joints at olisthetic and adjacent levels in young adults.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chin-Chiang
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jung-Der
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ruey-Mo
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chii-Jeng
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan. Electronic address: hkyuan@mail.ncku.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Kuo-Yuan
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007403:Intervertebral Disc / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000209:etiology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012585:Sciatica / Q000209:etiology; D013168:Spondylolisthesis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013624:Taiwan; D055815:Young Adult; D021801:Zygapophyseal Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: adjacent degeneration; disc; facet joint; magnetic resonance imaging; spondylolytic spondylolisthesis; young adults