title: Relationship between sleep disturbance and functional outcomes in daily life habits of children with Down syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The goal of this study was to describe sleep patterns and accomplishment of daily life habits in children with Down syndrome (DS) and to investigate the relationship between subjective indicators of sleep disturbance with functional outcomes in daily life.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study with an Internet sample.
  
  
  METHODS
  Online survey filled out at home.
  
  
  METHODS
  110 parents of children with DS and 29 parents of children with typical development (TD), age 5 to 18 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  N/A.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire was employed to collect information about sleep disturbances in 8 domains (subscales) and a total score. The Life Habits (Life-H) questionnaire sampled information about daily life habits in 11 domains. Multivariable regression modeling was used to assess the associations between sleep disturbances and the accomplishment of daily life habits. Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) was a significant explanatory factor in 10 of 11 daily life habits and the total Life-H score. Sleep anxiety and parasomnias significantly influenced the accomplishment of life habits in children with DS as compared to children with typical development. When evaluated in multivariable models in conjunction with the other 7 domains of sleep disturbances, SDB was the most dominant explanatory factor for accomplishment of life habits.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sleep disturbances are negatively related to accomplishment of daily life functions. Prevention and treatment of sleep problems, particularly sleep disordered breathing, in children with DS may lead to enhanced accomplishment of daily life habits and activities.
authors.affiliation: Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Systems, School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA: Family and Child Nursing, School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
authors.forename: Shervin S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Churchill
authors.affiliation: Family and Child Nursing, School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
authors.forename: Gail M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Kieckhefer
authors.affiliation: Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA: Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
authors.forename: Kristie F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Bjornson
authors.affiliation: Psychosocial & Community Health, School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
authors.forename: Jerald R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Herting
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000293:Adolescent; D001007:Anxiety / Q000150:complications; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003625:Data Collection; D003710:Demography; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006184:Habits; D006262:Health; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D008297:Male; D020447:Parasomnias / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D010290:Parents; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology; D012891:Sleep Apnea Syndromes / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Down syndrome; accomplishment; and functional outcomes; life habits; sleep disturbance and sleep disordered breathing