title: The relation between the phenomena of disease, illness, and suffering.
abstract: Persons experiencing disease and illness experience suffering as well. How nurses assess patients' problems holistically has been debated a lot. This article suggests one possible way of assessing patients' situation as a whole by seeing patients' diseases in relation to suffering.
authors.affiliation: Department of Caring Science, Åbo Akademi University, Wasa, Finland (Drs Gabrielsen, Nåden and Lindström); Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health, Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences, Oslo, Norway (Drs Gabrielsen and Nåden).
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gabrielsen
authors.forename: Dagfinn
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nåden
authors.forename: Unni Å
authors.initials: UÅ
authors.lastname: Lindström
mesh_terms: D004194:Disease / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D018939:Holistic Nursing; D006801:Humans; D055809:Illness Behavior; D008297:Male; D009723:Nurse-Patient Relations; D013315:Stress, Psychological