title: Comparison of characteristics of chronic kidney diseases between Tibet plateau and plain areas.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of the current study was to investigate the pathological characteristics of chronic kidney diseases in the Tibet plateau and the plain.
  
  
  METHODS
  77 cases from the Tibet plateau and 154 cases from the plain of renal biopsied patients with chronic kidney diseases were compared in a randomized, and parallel controlled manner. Pathological characteristics were defined according to the standards of WHO and associated classifications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ration of sex was shown that most of patients in the plateau region were female, whereas those in the plain were male. The characteristics of pathological types were shown that the patients in the plateau region were primarily minimal change disease, but IgA nephropathy was rare; meanwhile, the proportional lupus nephritis (LN) ratio of the secondary glomerulonephritis in the plateau region was significantly lower than those in the plain region.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The current data demonstrated that the most common kidney disease in the Tibet Plateau region is still the primary glomerulonephritis as the same as those in the plain region. However, the primary glomerular disease in the plateau region is minimal change disease, and the most common clinical manifestations are the nephrotic syndrome. The IgA nephropathy in the plain is the most frequent disease. In terms of the secondary renal diseases, Henoch-Schnolein purpura nephritis are dominated in the plateau region, whereas LN-based diseases are frequently found in the plain. There is a statistical significance existed between those two groups.
authors.affiliation: National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jingling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine Nanjing 210016, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, General Hospital of Tibetan Military Command Lhasa, Tibet 850007, China.
authors.forename: Yong-Ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, General Hospital of Tibetan Military Command Lhasa, Tibet 850007, China.
authors.forename: Chuan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, General Hospital of Tibetan Military Command Lhasa, Tibet 850007, China.
authors.forename: Yun-Bing
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University Shanghai 200003, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Guo
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University Shanghai 200003, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, General Hospital of Tibetan Military Command Lhasa, Tibet 850007, China.
authors.forename: Su-Zhi
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jingling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine Nanjing 210016, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Hong
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jingling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine Nanjing 210016, China.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000367:Age Factors; D001706:Biopsy; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005922:Glomerulonephritis, IGA / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D011695:IgA Vasculitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008181:Lupus Nephritis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009402:Nephrosis, Lipoid / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015995:Prevalence; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012737:Sex Factors; D018609:Tibet / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Epidemiology; plateau chronic renal disease; renal biopsy