title: Mechanism and Regulation of Autophagy and Its Role in Neuronal Diseases.
abstract: Autophagy is a constitutive lysosomal catabolic pathway that degrades damaged organelles and protein aggregates. Neuronal survival is highly dependent on autophagy due to its post-mitotic nature, polarized morphology, and active protein trafficking. Autophagic dysfunction has been linked to several neuronal diseases. Our understanding is still incomplete but may highlight up-to-date findings on how autophagy is executed and regulated at the molecular level and its role in neurodegenerative diseases (including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Huntington's disease (HD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)), brain ischemia, and myelin diseases, hence providing attractive new avenues for the development of treatment strategies to combat neuronal diseases.
authors.affiliation: Departement of Neurology, 2nd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Zhiping
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Departement of Neurology, 2nd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China. binbin617@163.com.
authors.forename: Binbin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Departement of Emergency, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoye
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Mo
authors.affiliation: Departement of Neurology, 2nd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xiao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001343:Autophagy / Q000502:physiology*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000378:metabolism; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000502:physiology; D000076222:Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1; D000076225:Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 2; D051379:Mice; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes / Q000378:metabolism; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D010588:Phagosomes / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D054875:Ubiquitination; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D000076222:Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1; D000076225:Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 2; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; D018631:ras Proteins
keywords: Autophagy; Autophagy flux; Brain ischemia; Myelin disease; Neurodegenerative diseases; Neurons