title: Peak flow rate and death due to coronary heart disease: 30-year results from the Northwick Park Heart cohort study.
abstract: Numerous studies have reported that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or impaired lung function are associated with later coronary heart disease (CHD). However, it is unclear if lung function is an independent risk factor, as many of these studies have included only limited measures of other factors associated with CHD.
  
  
  
  In total 2167 men of all ages in the first Northwick Park Heart Study were followed for a median of 30 years. Cox regression models were used to assess the relationship between peak flow rate (PFR) and CHD mortality adjusted for potential confounders measured at baseline. Analyses allowed for missing data, and secondary analyses for repeat measures on some men and competing risks of CHD death.
  
  
  
  There were 254 CHD deaths with some evidence of an association between PFR and CHD mortality. The adjusted HRs (95% CIs) from the lowest to the highest of four PFR quartiles were 1.53 (1.04 to 2.25), <430 L/min; 1.43 (0.99 to 2.08), 430 - <490 L/min; and 1.31 (0.93 to 1.86), 490 - <550 L/min; compared with the reference group of ≥550 L/min (trend test p=0.025). Other associations with CHD mortality were observed for systolic blood pressure (p<0.0001), body mass index (p=0.0002), smoking status (p=0.015), blood cholesterol (p=0.005), plasma fibrinogen (p=0.001) and high-risk ECG (p=0.021). There were no strong associations for factors V and VIII or platelet count.
  
  
  
  After allowing for a range of other risk factors associated with CHD, there was only limited evidence of a relation between PFR and CHD mortality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Statistics , London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine , London , UK.
authors.forename: Tim C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Clayton
authors.affiliation: Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology , London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine , London , UK.
authors.forename: Tom W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Meade
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics , Duke University School of Medicine , Durham , USA ; Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University , Durham , USA.
authors.forename: Elizabeth L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Statistics , London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine , London , UK.
authors.forename: Bianca L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: De Stavola