title: Metabolic profiles of soybean roots during early stages of Fusarium tucumaniae infection.
abstract: Soybean germplasm exhibits various levels of resistance to Fusarium tucumaniae, the main causal agent of sudden death syndrome (SDS) of soybean in Argentina. In this study, two soybean genotypes, one susceptible (NA 4613) and one partially resistant (DM 4670) to SDS infection, were inoculated with F. tucumaniae. Disease symptoms were scored at 7, 10, 14, and 25 days post-inoculation (dpi). The greatest difference in the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) values among genotypes was observed at 25 dpi. In order to detect early metabolic markers that could potentially discriminate between susceptible and resistant genotypes, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses of root samples were performed. These analyses show higher levels of several amino acids and the polyamine cadaverine in the inoculated than in the uninoculated susceptible cultivar at 7 dpi. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the metabolic profile of roots harvested at the earliest time points from the inoculated susceptible genotype was clearly differentiated from the rest of the samples. Furthermore, variables associated with the first principal component were mainly amino acids. Taken together, the results indicate that the pathogen induced the susceptible plant to accumulate amino acids in roots at early time points after infection, suggesting that GC-MS-based metabolomics could be used for the rapid characterization of cultivar response to SDS.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Referencia de Micología (CEREMIC), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina mechu.scandiani@gmail.com spampinato@cefobi-conicet.gov.ar.
authors.forename: María M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Scandiani
authors.affiliation: Centro de Referencia de Micología (CEREMIC), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina.
authors.forename: Alicia G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Luque
authors.affiliation: Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos (CEFOBI), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina.
authors.forename: María V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Razori
authors.affiliation: Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos (CEFOBI), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina.
authors.forename: Lucila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ciancio Casalini
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Genetic Resources Center, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan.
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.affiliation: Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens and Mycology, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Peoria, IL 61604-3999, USA.
authors.forename: Kerry
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: O'Donnell
authors.affiliation: Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos (CEFOBI), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina.
authors.forename: Gerardo D L
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Cervigni
authors.affiliation: Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos (CEFOBI), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina mechu.scandiani@gmail.com spampinato@cefobi-conicet.gov.ar.
authors.forename: Claudia P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Spampinato
mesh_terms: D001118:Argentina; D005670:Fusarium / Q000502:physiology*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D005838:Genotype; D055442:Metabolome; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D013025:Glycine max / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*
keywords: GC-MS; Glycine max; metabolomics; pathogen infection; plant susceptibility; sudden death syndrome.