title: CRKL protein overexpression enhances cell proliferation and invasion in pancreatic cancer.
abstract: CRKL is an adapter protein which is overexpressed in many malignant tumors and plays crucial roles in tumor progression. However, expression pattern and biological roles of CRKL in pancreatic cancer have not been examined. In the present study, we found that CRKL expression in pancreatic cancer specimens was higher than that in normal pancreatic tissues. Colony formation assay and Matrigel invasion assay showed that the overexpression of CRKL in Bxpc3 and Capan2 cell lines with low endogenous expression increased cell proliferation and invasion. Flow cytometry showed that CRKL promoted cell proliferation by facilitating cell cycle. Further analysis of cell cycle- and invasion-related molecules showed that CRKL upregulated cyclin D1, cyclin A, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) expression, and phosphorylated extracellular signal (ERK)-regulated kinase. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that CRKL was overexpressed in human pancreatic cancers and contributed to pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and invasion through ERK signaling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, 11000, Liaoning, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Qianze
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Chengyao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Qingchang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000235:genetics*; D019925:Cyclin A / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000235:genetics*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; C082869:CRKL protein; D019925:Cyclin A; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D019938:Cyclin D1; C522361:MMP2 protein, human; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2