title: Overexpression of wip1 is associated with biologic behavior in human clear cell renal cell carcinoma.
abstract: Wild-type p53-induced phosphatase (Wip1 or PPM1D) has been reported to be aberrantly expressed in various cancers and correlated with the malignant behavior of cancer cells. However, the function of Wip1 in RCC remains unclear. The present study investigated its abnormal expression and dysfunctions in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) in vitro. With the combination of immunohistochemistry, western blotting, immunofluorescence, qRT-PCR, and cell proliferation, migration and invasion assays, we found that levels of Wip1 mRNA and protein were dramatically increased in human ccRCC tissues (P<0.001 for both), and upregulation of Wip1 was significantly associated with depth of invasion (P<0.001), Distant metastasis (P = 0.001), lymph node status (P<0.001) and Fuhrman grade (P<0.001). Wip1 knockdown inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of 786-O and RLC-310 cells, whereas Wip1 overexpression promoted the growth and aggressive phenotype of 786-O and RLC-310 cells in vitro. The uni- and multivariate analyses indicated that expression of Wip1 was an independent predictor for survival of ccRCC patients (P = 0.003, P = 0.027 respectively). Wip1- negative patients had a higher tumor-free/overall survival rate than patients with high Wip1 expression (P = 0.001, P = 0.002 respectively). Overexpression of Wip1 is useful in the prediction of survival in ccRCC patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, The Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Sulai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, The Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, The Central South University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Weiqing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, The Central South University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Weqing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Xinxing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, The Central South University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Shusuan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, The Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, The Central South University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, The Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Longfei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, The Central South University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Fuhua
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, The Central South University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Zhizhong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, The Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Xiongbing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005260:Female; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000071636:Protein Phosphatase 2C; D012333:RNA, Messenger
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; C000607458:PPM1D protein, human; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; D000071636:Protein Phosphatase 2C