title: Dietary glutamine prevents the loss of intestinal barrier function and attenuates the increase in core body temperature induced by acute heat exposure.
abstract: Dietary glutamine (Gln) supplementation improves intestinal function in several stressful conditions. Therefore, in the present study, the effects of dietary Gln supplementation on the core body temperature (T core), bacterial translocation (BT) and intestinal permeability of mice subjected to acute heat stress were evaluated. Male Swiss mice (4 weeks old) were implanted with an abdominal temperature sensor and randomly assigned to one of the following groups fed isoenergetic and isoproteic diets for 7 d before the experimental trials: group fed the standard AIN-93G diet and exposed to a high ambient temperature (39°C) for 2 h (H-NS); group fed the AIN-93G diet supplemented with l-Gln and exposed to a high temperature (H-Gln); group fed the standard AIN-93G diet and not exposed to a high temperature (control, C-NS). Mice were orally administered diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid radiolabelled with technetium (99mTc) for the assessment of intestinal permeability or 99mTc-Escherichia coli for the assessment of BT. Heat exposure increased T core (approximately 41°C during the experimental trial), intestinal permeability and BT to the blood and liver (3 h after the experimental trial) in mice from the H-NS group relative to those from the C-NS group. Dietary Gln supplementation attenuated hyperthermia and prevented the increases in intestinal permeability and BT induced by heat exposure. No correlations were observed between the improvements in gastrointestinal function and the attenuation of hyperthermia by Gln. Our findings indicate that dietary Gln supplementation preserved the integrity of the intestinal barrier and reduced the severity of hyperthermia during heat exposure. The findings also indicate that these Gln-mediated effects occurred through independent mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology,School of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627Belo Horizonte,MG31270-901,Brazil.
authors.forename: Anne D N
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology,School of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627Belo Horizonte,MG31270-901,Brazil.
authors.forename: Kátia A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education,School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627Belo Horizonte,MG31270-901,Brazil.
authors.forename: Samuel P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Wanner
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology,School of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627Belo Horizonte,MG31270-901,Brazil.
authors.forename: Rosana G C
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology,School of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627Belo Horizonte,MG31270-901,Brazil.
authors.forename: Simone O A
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology,Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627Belo Horizonte,MG31270-901,Brazil.
authors.forename: Flaviano S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology,Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627Belo Horizonte,MG31270-901,Brazil.
authors.forename: Jacques R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Nicoli
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics,Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627Belo Horizonte,MG31270-901,Brazil.
authors.forename: Cândido C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Coimbra
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology,School of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627Belo Horizonte,MG31270-901,Brazil.
authors.forename: Valbert N
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Cardoso
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018988:Bacterial Translocation / Q000187:drug effects*; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000187:drug effects*; D004032:Diet; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004926:Escherichia coli; D005334:Fever / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005973:Glutamine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018883:Heat Stroke / Q000517:prevention & control; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D008099:Liver / Q000382:microbiology; D051379:Mice; D010539:Permeability
chemical_list: D005973:Glutamine