title: Development of minimally invasive techniques for management of medically-complicated obesity.
abstract: The field of bariatric surgery has been rapidly growing and evolving over the past several decades. During the period that obesity has become a worldwide epidemic, new interventions have been developed to combat this complex disorder. The development of new laparoscopic and minimally invasive treatments for medically-complicated obesity has made it essential that gastrointestinal physicians obtain a thorough understanding of past developments and possible future directions in bariatrics. New laparoscopic advancements provide patients and practitioners with a variety of options that have an improved safety profile and better efficacy without open, invasive surgery. The mechanisms of weight loss after bariatric surgery are complex and may in part be related to altered release of regulatory peptide hormones from the gut. Endoscopic techniques designed to mimic the effects of bariatric surgery and endolumenal interventions performed entirely through the gastrointestinal tract offer potential advantages. Several of these new techniques have demonstrated promising, preliminary results. We outline herein historical and current trends in the development of bariatric surgery and its transition to safer and more minimally invasive procedures designed to induce weight loss.
authors.affiliation: Farzin Rashti, Ekta Gupta, Suzan Ebrahimi, Timothy R Koch, Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, MedStar-Washington Hospital Center and Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20010, United States.
authors.forename: Farzin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rashti
authors.affiliation: Farzin Rashti, Ekta Gupta, Suzan Ebrahimi, Timothy R Koch, Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, MedStar-Washington Hospital Center and Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20010, United States.
authors.forename: Ekta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Farzin Rashti, Ekta Gupta, Suzan Ebrahimi, Timothy R Koch, Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, MedStar-Washington Hospital Center and Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20010, United States.
authors.forename: Suzan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ebrahimi
authors.affiliation: Farzin Rashti, Ekta Gupta, Suzan Ebrahimi, Timothy R Koch, Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, MedStar-Washington Hospital Center and Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20010, United States.
authors.forename: Timothy R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Shope
authors.affiliation: Farzin Rashti, Ekta Gupta, Suzan Ebrahimi, Timothy R Koch, Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, MedStar-Washington Hospital Center and Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20010, United States.
authors.forename: Timothy R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Koch
authors.affiliation: Farzin Rashti, Ekta Gupta, Suzan Ebrahimi, Timothy R Koch, Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, MedStar-Washington Hospital Center and Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20010, United States.
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Gostout
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D050110:Bariatric Surgery / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal / Q000009:adverse effects; D005768:Gastrointestinal Hormones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D015398:Signal Transduction; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D005768:Gastrointestinal Hormones
keywords: Bariatric surgery; Bariatrics; Endoscopy; Obesity; Weight loss