title: Evolutionary and bioinformatic analysis of the spike glycoprotein gene of H120 vaccine strain protectotype of infectious bronchitis virus from India.
abstract: The infectious bronchitis virus is a causative agent of avian infectious bronchitis (AIB), and is is an important disease that produces severe economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. Recent AIB outbreaks in India have been associated with poor growth in broilers, drop in egg production, and thin egg shells in layers. The complete spike gene of Indian AIB vaccine strain was amplified and sequenced using a conventional reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and is submitted to the GenBank (accession no KF188436). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the vaccine strain currently used belongs to H120 genotype, an attenuated strain of Massachusetts (Mass) serotype. Nucleotide and amino acid sequence comparisons have shown that the reported spike gene from Indian isolates have 71.8%-99% and 71.4%-96.9% genetic similarity with the sequenced H120 strain. The study identifies live attenuated IBV vaccine strain, which is routinely used for vaccination, for the first time. Based on nucleotide and amino acid relatedness studies of the vaccine strain with reported IBV sequences from India, it is shown that the current vaccine strain is efficient in controlling the IBV infection. Continuous monitoring of IBV outbreaks by sequencing for genotyping and in vivo cross protection studies for serotyping is not only important for epidemiological investigation but also for evaluation of efficacy of the current vaccine.
authors.affiliation: R-DNA Laboratory, Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India.
authors.forename: Nitin Machindra
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Kamble
authors.affiliation: R-DNA Laboratory, Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India.
authors.forename: Aravind S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Pillai
authors.affiliation: R-DNA Laboratory, Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India.
authors.forename: Satish S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Gaikwad
authors.affiliation: R-DNA Laboratory, Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India.
authors.forename: Sanjeev Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Shukla
authors.affiliation: R-DNA Laboratory, Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India.
authors.forename: Sagar Aashok
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Khulape
authors.affiliation: R-DNA Laboratory, Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India.
authors.forename: Sohini
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dey
authors.affiliation: R-DNA Laboratory, Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India.
authors.forename: C Madhan
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Mohan
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D019295:Computational Biology; D018352:Coronavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D005838:Genotype; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D001351:Infectious bronchitis virus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D011200:Poultry / Q000821:virology; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D021382:Protein Sorting Signals; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D006023:Glycoproteins; D021382:Protein Sorting Signals; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D014764:Viral Proteins; D014765:Viral Vaccines
keywords: H120; infectious bronchitis; phylogeny; spike