title: Transillumination of the occult submucous cleft palate.
abstract: Occult submucous cleft palate is a congenital deformity characterized by deficient union of the muscles that normally cross the velum and aid in elevation of the soft palate. Despite this insufficient muscle coverage, occult submucous cleft palate by definition lacks clear external anatomic landmarks. This absence of anatomic signs makes diagnosis of occult submucous cleft less obvious, more dependent on ancillary tests, and potentially missed entirely. Current diagnostic methodologies are limited and often are unrevealing in the presurgical patient; however, a missed diagnosis of occult submucous cleft palate can result in velopharyngeal insufficiency and major functional impairment in patients after surgery on the oropharynx. By accurately and easily diagnosing occult submucous cleft palate, it is possible to defer or modify pharyngeal surgical intervention that may further impair velopharyngeal function in susceptible patients. In this report, we introduce transillumination of the soft palate using a transnasal or transoral flexible endoscope as an inexpensive and simple technique for identification of submucous cleft palate. The use of transillumination of an occult submucous cleft palate is illustrated in a patient case and is compared to other current diagnostic methodologies.
authors.affiliation: From the *Division of Plastic Surgery, and †Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, ‡Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, and §Division of Otolaryngology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Caterson
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Ryan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cauley
authors.forename: Jayme R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Dowdall
authors.forename: Lauren E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Tracy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002933:Cineradiography / Q000379:methods; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020704:Laryngoscopes; D007828:Laryngoscopy / Q000379:methods; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D009960:Oropharynx / Q000601:surgery; D010156:Palatal Muscles / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D010160:Palate, Soft / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D000039:Peritonsillar Abscess / Q000601:surgery; D014068:Tonsillectomy / Q000009:adverse effects; D014172:Transillumination / Q000379:methods*; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014681:Velopharyngeal Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology; D014741:Video Recording / Q000379:methods