title: Dipeptide Phe-Cys derived from in silico thermolysin-hydrolysed RuBisCO large subunit suppresses oxidative stress in cultured human hepatocytes.
abstract: A dipeptide (Phe-Cys) was predicted to be bioactive following bioinformatics analysis of the large subunit of plant and microalgae ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBisCO), which was hydrolysed in silico with thermolysin. The peptide was synthesised and found to possess in vitro reducing potential and inhibitory activity against lipid peroxidation, comparable to the activity of glutathione. In cultured Chang human hepatocytes, 2.5-10 μM Phe-Cys was found to induce the suppression of reactive oxygen species formation and membrane lipid peroxidation in oxidative stressed cells. Intracellular glutathione levels were found to increase in the peptide-treated cells under normal condition, which can potentially contribute in protecting the cells from oxidative damage. Furthermore, Western blot analysis showed that the levels of antioxidant enzymes, catalase and superoxide dismutase-1, increased in the hepatic cells when treated with Phe-Cys in the presence of the oxidant. The results show that this peptide has great potential to be used against oxidative stress-induced health conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine-Bio Convergence Science, Specialized Graduate School of Science & Technology Convergence, Pukyong National University, Busan 608 737, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Je
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Bio-Food Sciences, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 550 749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Sook
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Health and Bioproducts Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, Nova Scotia B2N 5E3, Canada.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Health and Bioproducts Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, Nova Scotia B2N 5E3, Canada. Electronic address: cudenigwe@dal.ca.
authors.forename: Chibuike C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Udenigwe
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D019295:Computational Biology; D003545:Cysteine / Q000737:chemistry*; D004151:Dipeptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D006868:Hydrolysis; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016877:Oxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry; D010649:Phenylalanine / Q000737:chemistry*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012273:Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase / Q000737:chemistry*; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D000072105:Superoxide Dismutase-1; D013820:Thermolysin / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D004151:Dipeptides; D016877:Oxidants; D010455:Peptides; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C000606290:SOD1 protein, human; D010649:Phenylalanine; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D000072105:Superoxide Dismutase-1; D013820:Thermolysin; D012273:Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase; D005978:Glutathione; D003545:Cysteine
keywords: Antioxidative peptide; Hepatocyte; In silico; Oxidative stress; RuBisCO; Thermolysin