title: Intra-peritoneal administration of Ecballium elaterium diminishes postoperative adhesions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of Ecballium elaterium (EE), Elaterium officinarum, in postoperative intraperitoneal adhesions in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty rats were divided into three groups and underwent midline laparotomy under 35 mg/kg ketamine and 5 mg/kg xylazine anaesthesia. In group 1 (n=10), the sham operation group, the abdominal walls were closed without any process. In group 2 (n=10), the control group, the antimesenteric border of the ceacum and the corresponding parietal peritoneum were abraded with dry sterile gauze. In group 3 (n=10), the EE group, 2.5 mg/kg dose of EE was administered as intraperitoneally to the rats after abrasion. All rats were sacrificed on postoperative day 15. Samples were obtained
  
  
  RESULTS
  The adhesion score was significantly decreased in the EE group (p=0.001) in comparison with the control group. Microscopically, the EE and sham groups were significantly lower than that of the control group (p<0.001 and p=0.000, respectively). Furthermore, the measurement of tissue levels of hydroxyproline was significantly lower in the sham and EE groups compared to the control group (sham group: 47.6 ± 10.6, EE group: 62.9 ± 9.7, CONTROL GROUP: 84.2 ± 22.1 mg /L/g-tissue).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The grade and severity of abdominal adhesion could be significantly reduced through administered Ecballium elaterium and therefore be a suitable anti-inflammatory agent for the prevention of postoperative peritoneal adhesion in the future.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet Hanifi
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Okur
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Bahattin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Aydogdu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet Serif
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Arslan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ulaş
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Alabalik
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Serkan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arslan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
authors.forename: İbrahim
authors.initials: İ
authors.lastname: Kara
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Fethiye
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Canpolat
authors.affiliation: Health School, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Atalay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Şahin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Selçuk
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Otcu
mesh_terms: D034861:Abdominal Wall / Q000601:surgery; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019662:Cucurbitaceae; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007813:Laparotomy / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D000267:Tissue Adhesions / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts