title: [The effect of additional polyphosphazene nanotubes in polyurethane composites on microorganisms adhesion].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans adhesion to 3 polyurethane composites [pure polyurethane (PU), 1% polyphosphazene-containing polyurethane (PZS-1%) and 5% polyphosphazene-containing polyurethane (PZS-5%)].
  
  
  METHODS
  Two kinds of microorganism suspension were incubated with the specimens under certain culture conditions and the roughness of 3 materials were determined before adhesion tests. Microorganism attached to the specimen were then observed under optical microscope, and viable micro-organisms adhered to the specimen were then counted and removed. The data was analyzed with SAS 8.02 softwaree package.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PU has the roughest surface followed by PZS-1% and PZS-5%. Most amounts of cell adhesion were observed in PU followed by PZS-1% and least amounts were found in PZS-5%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The increase of polyphosphazene nanotubes in polyurethane composites may have an effect on cell adhesion. Surface roughness of the materials may be one of the factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology. Shanghai 200011, China.E-mail:kongfangyuan2005@126.com.
authors.forename: Fang-yuan
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: Yuan-li
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D001422:Bacterial Adhesion; D002176:Candida albicans; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D006801:Humans; D043942:Nanotubes; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D011108:Polymers; D011140:Polyurethanes; D013295:Streptococcus mutans; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D011108:Polymers; D011140:Polyurethanes; C108974:poly(phosphazene)