title: Anti-biofilm and antibacterial activities of zinc oxide nanoparticles against the oral opportunistic pathogens Rothia dentocariosa and Rothia mucilaginosa.
abstract: Species of the genus Rothia that inhabit the oral cavity have recently been implicated in a number of diseases. To minimize their role in oral infections, it is imperative to reduce and/or control the growth and biofilm formation activity of Rothia spp. In this study, two bacterial isolates, Ora-7 and Ora-16, were obtained from the oral cavity of a healthy male subject and identified as Rothia dentocariosa and Rothia mucilaginosa, respectively, using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Antimicrobial and anti-biofilm formation activities of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs), of average size 35 nm, were assessed in in vitro assays using Crystal Violet and live and dead staining techniques. The ZnO-NPs exhibited an IC50 value of 53 and 76 μg ml(-1) against R. dentocariosa and R. mucilaginosa, respectively. Biofilm-formation assays, performed on the surfaces of polystyrene plates, artificial teeth, and dental prostheses, revealed the efficacy of ZnO-NPs as a potential antibacterial agent for controlling the growth of Rothia isolates in both planktonic form and biofilm.
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Shams T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Maqusood
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ahamed
authors.forename: Javed
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Musarrat
authors.forename: Abdulaziz A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Al-Khedhairy
mesh_terms: D000191:Actinomycetaceae / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects*; D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D058491:Bacterial Load / Q000187:drug effects; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D004396:Coloring Agents; D017266:Dental Prosthesis / Q000382:microbiology; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D005840:Gentian Violet; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009055:Mouth / Q000382:microbiology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D011137:Polystyrenes; D011419:Propidium; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000032:analysis; D014093:Tooth, Artificial / Q000382:microbiology; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004396:Coloring Agents; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007211:Indoles; D011137:Polystyrenes; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D011419:Propidium; C007293:DAPI; D005840:Gentian Violet; D015034:Zinc Oxide
keywords: Rothia sp.; anti-biofilm activity; antimicrobial activity; zinc oxide nanoparticles