title: Fumigant toxicity of basil oil compounds and related compounds to Thrips palmi and Orius strigicollis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study was aimed at assessing the fumigant toxicity to adult Thrips palmi (a serious insect pest) and Orius strigicollis (a beneficial predator insect) of basil (Ocimum basilicum) essential oil compounds and structurally related compounds using vapour-phase toxicity bioassays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Against adult T. palmi, linalool (LD50 0.0055 mg cm(-3) ) was the most toxic fumigant and was 15.2-fold more effective than dichlorvos (0.0837 mg cm(-3) ). Strong fumigant toxicity was also observed in pulegone (0.0095 mg cm(-3) ), (±)-camphor (0.0097 mg cm(-3) ) and 1,8-cineole (0.0167 mg cm(-3) ). Moderate toxicity was produced by camphene, 3-carene, (-)-menthone, (+)-α-pinene, (+)-β-pinene, α-terpineol and (-)-α-thujone (0.0215-0.0388 mg cm(-3) ). Against adult O. strigicollis, dichlorvos (LD50 9.0 × 10(-10) mg cm(-3) ) was the most toxic fumigant, whereas the LD50 values of these compounds ranged from 0.0127 to >0.23 mg cm(-3) . Based upon the selective toxicity ratio, the compounds described are more selective than dichlorvos.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The basil oil compounds described merit further study as potential insecticides for control of T. palmi in greenhouses because of their generally lower toxicity to O. strigicollis and their greater activity as a fumigant than dichlorvos.
authors.affiliation: Crop Protection Division, Department of Crop Life Safety, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kwang-Ho
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Chang-Geun
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Joon
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Soon Il
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Crop Protection Division, Department of Crop Life Safety, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang-Guei
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Crop Protection Division, Department of Crop Life Safety, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jun-Ran
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004006:Dichlorvos; D005651:Fumigation; D020062:Heteroptera; D007306:Insecticides; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D031339:Ocimum; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry; D061149:Thysanoptera
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010938:Plant Oils; D004006:Dichlorvos; C051168:basil oil
keywords: Ocimum basilicum; Orius strigicollis; Thrips palmi; basil oil; botanical insecticide; natural fumigant