title: Influence of cultivar and fertilizer approach on curly kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. sabellica). 1. Genetic diversity reflected in agronomic characteristics and phytochemical concentration.
abstract: The objectives were to investigate if genetic diversity among field-grown traditional and F1 hybrid kale cultivars was reflected in different agronomic characteristics and consequently glucosinolate (GLS) and flavonoid glycoside concentration. This study evaluated how nitrogen and sulfur supply and biomass allocation modified phytochemicals in two experiments with combinations of three cultivars and four N and two S application levels. Results showed less growth, and higher N concentration in the traditional cultivar 'Tiara' was associated with increased indole and total GLSs compared to traditional 'Høj Amager Toftø' and F1 hybrid 'Reflex' cultivars, which exhibited higher yield, lower N concentration, and different biomass allocation. S application increased total GLS concentration, whereas aliphatic GLS percentage decreased when N application increased. Decrease of six 'Reflex' GLSs besides quercetin glycosides and total flavonoid glycosides with increased N indicated higher N responsiveness for 'Reflex'. In conclusion, differences in agronomic characteristics were reflected in diverse phytochemical composition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University , Kirstinebjergvej 10, Aarslev DK-5792, Denmark.
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Groenbaek
authors.forename: Sidsel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Neugart
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schreiner
authors.forename: Ulla
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kidmose
authors.forename: Hanne Lakkenborg
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Kristensen
mesh_terms: D001937:Brassica / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005308:Fertilizers / Q000032:analysis*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005961:Glucosinolates / Q000032:analysis; D006027:Glycosides / Q000032:analysis; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000737:chemistry; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000032:analysis*; D013455:Sulfur / Q000737:chemistry; D014675:Vegetables / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D005308:Fertilizers; D005419:Flavonoids; D005961:Glucosinolates; D006027:Glycosides; D064209:Phytochemicals; D013455:Sulfur; D009584:Nitrogen
keywords: cultivars; curly kale; flavonoid glycosides; glucosinolates; nitrogen; sulfur