title: Accelerated and exacerbated effects of high dietary fat on neuronal damage induced by transient cerebral ischemia in the gerbil septum.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Obesity induced by high-fat diet (HFD) is one of the most widespread metabolic disorders in current society. However, there has been little research regarding the effects of HFD-induced obesity in the septa of animal models of cerebral ischemia. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated septal effects of HFD on neuronal damage and gliosis induced by transient cerebral ischemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Body weight, blood glucose levels and serum lipid profiles levels were measured both in the normal diet (ND) and HFD-group. We also investigated the effects of ND and HFD on neuronal damage and gliosis in the septum after transient cerebral ischemia using immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The levels of blood glucose, serum triglyceride, and total cholesterol were significantly increased in the HFD-fed gerbils compared with the ND-fed gerbils, although body weight was not significantly changed after HFD feeding. In the ND-fed gerbils, ischemia-induced neuronal damage was found in the septohippocampal nucleus (SHN) of the septum 7 days after ischemia. In the HFD-fed gerbils, ischemia-induced neuronal damage in the SHN was much more severe compared with that of the ND-fed gerbils 4 and 7 days after ischemia. In addition, we found that ischemia-induced glial activation including astrocytes and microglia was accelerated and exacerbated in the HFD-fed gerbils compared with that in the ND-fed gerbils.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that HFD can lead to much more severe effects in ischemia-induced neuronal damage/death in the septum after ischemia-reperfusion, and that it may be associated with accelerated change in glial activation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Hwan
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Cheon
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Traditional & Western Medicine, Yangzhou University Medical College, Yangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Bing Chun
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Institute of Neurodegeneration and Neuroregeneration, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Bai Hui
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Joon Ha
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Hyeon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea.
authors.forename: In Hye
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Chul
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea. ; Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yoo Seok
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea. ; Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Min Joung
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Institute of Neurodegeneration and Neuroregeneration, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Yun Lyul
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Jun Hwi
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Moo-Ho
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Won
keywords: Diet, high-fat; Glial activation; Ischemic attack, transient; Septohippocampal nucleus