title: Comparison of two exploratory dietary patterns in association with the metabolic syndrome in a Northern German population.
abstract: Diet is related to many chronic disease conditions such as the metabolic syndrome (MetS). We set out to compare behaviour-related with disease-related patterns and their association with the MetS in a German cross-sectional study. A total of 905 participants of a Northern German cohort (aged 25-82 years) completed a FFQ, underwent anthropometric assessments and provided a blood sample. Dietary patterns were derived by principal component analysis (PCA) and reduced-rank regression (RRR) from forty-two food groups. Components of the MetS were used as response variables for the RRR analysis. Simplified patterns comprising ten food groups were generated. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the likelihood of having the MetS across the quartiles of simplified pattern scores. We identified two similar dietary patterns derived by PCA and RRR characterised by high intakes of potatoes, various vegetables, red and processed meat, fats, sauce and bouillon. Comparing simplified patterns, an increased RRR pattern score was associated with a higher OR (2·18, 95% CI 1·25, 3·81) of having the MetS than an increased PCA pattern score (OR 1·92, 95% CI 1·21, 3·03). Comparing concordant food groups by both dietary pattern methods, a diet high in legumes, beef, processed meat and bouillon was also positively associated with the prevalence of the MetS after adjustment for potential confounders (OR 1·71, 95% CI 1·04, 2·79). We identified a behaviour-related pattern that was positively associated with the MetS. The application of both dietary pattern methods may be advantageous to obtain information for designing and realising dietary guidelines. Prospective studies are needed to confirm the results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences,Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn,Endenicher Allee 11-13,53115Bonn,Germany.
authors.forename: Janett
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Barbaresko
authors.affiliation: Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel,Kiel,Germany.
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Siegert
authors.affiliation: Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel,Kiel,Germany.
authors.forename: Manja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koch
authors.affiliation: Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel,Kiel,Germany.
authors.forename: Imke
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Aits
authors.affiliation: Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel,Kiel,Germany.
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lieb
authors.affiliation: Department of General Internal Medicine,University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein,Kiel,Germany.
authors.forename: Susanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nikolaus
authors.affiliation: Department of General Internal Medicine,University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein,Kiel,Germany.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Laudes
authors.affiliation: PopGen Biobank, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein,Kiel,Germany.
authors.forename: Gunnar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences,Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn,Endenicher Allee 11-13,53115Bonn,Germany.
authors.forename: Ute
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Nöthlings
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000208:ethnology; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000208:ethnology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D012044:Regression Analysis; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers