title: A new modified CKD-EPI equation for Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To improve the performance of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimating equation in Chinese type 2 diabetic patients by modification of the CKD-EPI equation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1196 subjects were enrolled. Measured GFR was calibrated to the dual plasma sample 99mTc-DTPA-GFR. GFRs estimated by the re-expressed 4-variable MDRD equation, the CKD-EPI equation and the Asian modified CKD-EPI equation were compared in 351 diabetic/non-diabetic pairs. And a new modified CKD-EPI equation was reconstructed in a total of 589 type 2 diabetic patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In terms of both precision and accuracy, GFR estimating equations all achieved better results in the non-diabetic cohort comparing with those in the type 2 diabetic cohort (30% accuracy, P≤0.01 for all comparisons). In the validation data set, the new modified equation showed less bias (median difference, 2.3 ml/min/1.73 m2 for the new modified equation vs. ranged from -3.8 to -7.9 ml/min/1.73 m2 for the other 3 equations [P<0.001 for all comparisons]), as was precision (IQR of the difference, 24.5 ml/min/1.73 m2 vs. ranged from 27.3 to 30.7 ml/min/1.73 m2), leading to a greater accuracy (30% accuracy, 71.4% vs. 55.2% for the re-expressed 4 variable MDRD equation and 61.0% for the Asian modified CKD-EPI equation [P = 0.001 and P = 0.02]).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A new modified CKD-EPI equation for type 2 diabetic patients was developed and validated. The new modified equation improves the performance of GFR estimation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoliang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gan
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jinxia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Operating Room, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Linsheng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Tanqi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lou
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D004369:Pentetic Acid; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D004369:Pentetic Acid