title: The effects of chronic stress on hippocampal adult neurogenesis and dendritic plasticity are reversed by selective MAO-A inhibition.
abstract: There is accumulating evidence that adult neurogenesis and dendritic plasticity in the hippocampus are neuroplastic phenomena, highly sensitive to the effects of chronic stress and treatment with most classes of antidepressant drugs, being involved in the onset and recovery from depression. However, the effects of antidepressants that act through the selective inhibition of monoamine oxidase subtype A (MAO-A) in these phenomena are still largely unknown. In the present study, adult neurogenesis and neuronal morphology were examined in the hippocampus of rats exposed to chronic mild stress (CMS) and treated with the selective reversible MAO-A inhibitor (RIMA) drug, pirlindole and the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), fluoxetine. The results provide the first demonstration that selective MAO-A inhibition with pirlindole is able to revert the behavioural effects of stress exposure while promoting hippocampal adult neurogenesis and rescuing the stress-induced dendritic atrophy of granule neurons.
authors.affiliation: Life and Health Science Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal BnML, Behavioral and Molecular Lab, Braga, Portugal.
authors.forename: Mónica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morais
authors.affiliation: Life and Health Science Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
authors.forename: Paulo A R
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Life and Health Science Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal BnML, Behavioral and Molecular Lab, Braga, Portugal.
authors.forename: António
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mateus-Pinheiro
authors.affiliation: Life and Health Science Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal BnML, Behavioral and Molecular Lab, Braga, Portugal.
authors.forename: Patrícia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Patrício
authors.affiliation: Life and Health Science Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal BnML, Behavioral and Molecular Lab, Braga, Portugal.
authors.forename: Luísa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.affiliation: Life and Health Science Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal BnML, Behavioral and Molecular Lab, Braga, Portugal.
authors.forename: Nuno
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sousa
authors.affiliation: Grupo Tecnimede, Medical Department, Sintra, Portugal.
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pedroso
authors.affiliation: Grupo Tecnimede, Medical Department, Sintra, Portugal.
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.affiliation: Grupo Tecnimede, Medical Department, Sintra, Portugal.
authors.forename: Augusto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Filipe
authors.affiliation: Life and Health Science Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal BnML, Behavioral and Molecular Lab, Braga, Portugal joaobessa@ecsaude.uminho.pt.
authors.forename: João M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bessa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001284:Atrophy / Q000473:pathology; D002227:Carbazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003712:Dendrites / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005473:Fluoxetine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008995:Monoamine Oxidase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D055495:Neurogenesis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D002227:Carbazoles; D005473:Fluoxetine; D008995:Monoamine Oxidase; D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; C009830:pirlindole
keywords: Depression; fluoxetine; hippocampus; neurogenesis; neuroplasticity; pirlindole; stress