title: Dyslipidemia in ART-Naive HIV-Infected Persons in Nigeria--Implications for Care.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to describe the prevalence and pattern of lipid abnormalities among antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive HIV patients, understand if there is any relationship to virologic and immunologic status, and discuss the implications for care.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a cross-sectional study in which baseline demographic, clinical, and laboratory data of all ART-naive HIV-infected individuals recruited into the adult ARV clinic, University College Hospital, Ibadan, between January and December 2006, were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 1316 ART-naive HIV-infected persons were recruited in the period. Females subjects and participants aged ≦35 years accounted for 67.1% and 57.7% of all participants, respectively. At least 1 abnormal lipid fraction was seen in 73.3% of participants. It was observed that in 11.5% participants the total cholesterol (TC) was ≧5.2 mmol/L, in 2.7% the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL)-C was >4.1 mmol/L in 56.5% the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL)-C was <1.0 mmol/L, and in 27.6% the triglyceride (TG) was >1.7 mmol/L. The TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C were all significantly positively correlated with CD4 counts and negatively correlated with viral load. On the contrary, the TG levels were negatively correlated with CD4 counts and positively correlated with viral load. Multivariate linear analysis showed a significant relationship between all the lipid parameters and viral load. CD4 counts were only significantly associated with TC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A significant burden of dyslipidemia exists among ART-naive HIV-infected persons. Low HDL-C was the most frequently observed abnormality. The abnormalities related more with viral load levels than with CD4 counts. Dyslipidemia screening should be done in ART-naive HIV-infected persons. Simple healthy lifestyle changes should be emphasized, with other care given to those with the disorder.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria modupekuti@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Modupe Akinrele
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kuti
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Olubukola Adeponle
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Adesina
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Oluwatosin Alaba
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Awolude
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Babatunde Oluwatosin
authors.initials: BO
authors.lastname: Ogunbosi
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Samuel Adetona
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Fayemiwo
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Joshua Odunayo
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Akinyemi
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Adedotun Adeyinka
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Adetunji
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Achiaka Emmanuelle
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Irabor
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Georgina Njideka
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Odaibo
authors.affiliation: AIDS Prevention Iniative in Nigeria (APIN), Abuja, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Okonkwo
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Prosper
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Babafemi Olapoju
authors.initials: BO
authors.lastname: Taiwo
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Olaleye
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Phyllis
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kanki
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Isaac Folorunso
authors.initials: IF
authors.lastname: Adewole
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009549:Nigeria / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D019562:Viral Load; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: HAART naive; HIV; lipids