title: Effects of physical training and potassium supplementation on blood pressure, glucose metabolism and albuminuria of spontaneously hypertensive rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It is still controversial whether there are synergistic effects among different non-pharmacological interventions used in the treatment of hypertension.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of aerobic exercise, oral supplementation of potassium and their combination on blood pressure, glucose metabolism, urinary albumin excretion and glomerular morphology in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).
  
  
  METHODS
  SHR were divided into groups: Control Group (SHR; standard diet and sedentary, n = 10), Exercise Group (SHR + E; trained on a treadmill, standard diet, n = 10), Potassium Group (SHR + K; sedentary, potassium supplementation, n = 10) and Group Exercise + Potassium (SHR + E + K, exercise, potassium supplementation n = 10). Weekly, body weight (BW) and tail blood pressure (TAP) were measured. At the end of 16 weeks, a Oral Glucose Tolerance Test was performed. Albuminuria was determined in the baseline period, at 8th and at 16th week. After sacrifice, the analysis of glomerular sclerosis index and visceral fat weight was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The TAP and BW did not change significantly. There was improvement in insulin sensitivity in SHR + E and SHR + K, but not in SHR + E + K. At week 16, albuminuria in all groups was significantly lower than the SHR control. The glomerular sclerosis index and visceral fat content were also significantly lower in all groups compared to control.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An oral supplementation of potassium and exercise led to an improvement in glucose metabolism, in albuminuria and glomerular morphology, however, the overlap of the treatments did not show synergism.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo.
authors.forename: Evelyn Manuella Martins Gomes
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Jodas
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo.
authors.forename: Aline Francisco
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Voltera
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo.
authors.forename: Milton
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ginoza
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo.
authors.forename: Osvaldo
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kohlmann
authors.affiliation: Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo.
authors.forename: Nelson Brancaccio
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: dos Santos
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo.
authors.forename: Mário Luís Ribeiro
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Cesaretti
mesh_terms: D000419:Albuminuria / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D011188:Potassium / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR
chemical_list: D005947:Glucose; D011188:Potassium