title: Spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome following a thawed embryo transfer cycle.
abstract: This article reports a case of spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) following a thawed embryo transfer cycle. OHSS, a potentially life-threatening condition, is an iatrogenic complication of controlled ovarian stimulation; therefore, it is very important to prevent and treat OHSS during treatment with ovulation-inducing agents. Despite our efforts to prevent OHSS, in this case, severe spontaneous OHSS occurred, which resulted in uncontrolled preterm labor and a preterm delivery and also persisted for 6 weeks after delivery. Freezing all embryos cannot entirely prevent the development of OHSS because OHSS can occur spontaneously. Although spontaneous OHSS remains a rare event, females with a history of OHSS may have an elevated risk for spontaneous OHSS. We suggest closely monitoring cases of pregnancy following thawed embryo transfer for early diagnosis of spontaneous OHSS and the use of conservative management.
authors.affiliation: Fertility Center of CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, Korea. ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Mi Kyoung
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Fertility Center of CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, Korea. ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyung Jae
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Won
authors.affiliation: Fertility Center of CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, Korea. ; Genetics Laboratory, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Han
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, Korea. ; Genetics Laboratory, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Hyun
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Cha
authors.affiliation: Fertility Center of CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, Korea. ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Tae Ki
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Yoon
keywords: Cryopreservation; In vitro fertilization; Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome