title: New approaches in hepatitis B vaccination for celiac disease.
abstract: Celiac disease (CD) is a gluten-induced immune-mediated disorder that has been associated with a defective response to the hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination. This unresponsiveness could lead to a world health problem, because non-responder patients could represent a reservoir of HBV-susceptible people that will persist as healthy carriers, leading to the diffusion of the disease. This article presents a literature review of both intramuscular (IM) and intradermal (ID) routes for boosters in celiac patients. We used PubMed database and generated the odds ratio (OR) of the response on the basis of electronic searches of clinical trials. Although our results confirm the positive response of celiac patients to IM vaccination, the ID route seems to be better than the conventional one, since it could provide a saving in cost and a greater immunogenicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical & Pediatric Science, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Filippelli
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lionetti
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pulvirenti
authors.forename: Alessia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gennaro
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lanzafame
authors.forename: Gianluigi L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Marseglia
authors.forename: Carmelo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Salpietro
authors.forename: Mario La
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Rosa
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Leonardi
mesh_terms: D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000276:immunology*; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007271:Injections, Intradermal; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards
chemical_list: D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines
keywords: celiac disease; hepatitis B; intradermal route; intramuscular route; non- responders; vaccine