title: Lipodystrophy syndrome among HIV infected children on highly active antiretroviral therapy in northern India.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It is estimated that about 2.5 million people are living with HIV infection in India. Although antiretroviral drugs have been able to reduce the mortality, these drugs have serious side effects one of which is lipodystrophy syndrome. Most of the drugs used in HAART viz, protease inhibitors, stavudine and nevirapine are associated with lipodystrophy. Hence we conducted this study to assess the prevalence of lipodystrophy in HIV infected children on HAART and its associated risk factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross sectional study was conducted on 80 HIV infected children aged 2-18 years of age who were on stavudine based HAART for ≥ 2 years. These children were assessed for presence of lipodystrophy, its metabolic complications and associated risk factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Lipodystrophy was observed in 33.7% of children with lipoatrophy being the commonest subtype followed by lipohypertrophy. Older age, increased duration of treatment and dyslipidaemia were found to be associated in patients with lipodystrophy than those without. On further multivariate analysis of independent risk factors only increased duration of treatment was significantly associated with lipodystrophy. No association was found with insulin resistance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We observed that lipodystrophy is a common finding in HIV patients treated with HAART for long duration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Medicine, PGIMER, Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Euden
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bhutia
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Medicine, PGIMER, Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Alok
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hemal
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Medicine, PGIMER, Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Tribhuvan Pal
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Yadav
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, PGIMER and Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Ramesh
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D015497:HIV-1; D039682:HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D019829:Nevirapine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D018119:Stavudine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents; D019829:Nevirapine; D018119:Stavudine
keywords: HAART; HIV; lipoatrophy; lipodystrophy syndrome