title: Distinguishing bipolar disorder from other psychiatric disorders in children.
abstract: Pediatric onset bipolar disorder (BD) is a challenging diagnosis with potentially debilitating outcomes. This review aims to critically evaluate recently published literature relevant to the diagnosis of BD in youth, emphasizing interesting and important new findings characterizing pediatric BD and reporting updates in the diagnostic and statistical manual relevant to this disorder in youth. Challenges regarding the diagnosis of BD will be discussed, in addition to important distinctions with other childhood disorders, including other bipolar spectrum disorders; major depressive disorder; dysthymia; disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD); attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and other disruptive behavioral disorders; anxiety disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD); psychotic disorders; autism spectrum disorders; substance use disorders; and borderline personality disorder. The review concludes with a comment on past research limitations and future directions in the field.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Road, Stanford, CA, 94305-5719, USA, mksingh@stanford.edu.
authors.forename: Manpreet K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Terence
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ketter
authors.forename: Kiki D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*