title: Disturbed release of cholecystokinin in pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to investigate cholecystokinin (CCK) release in pregnant women with and without hyperemesis gravidarum (HG).
  
  
  METHODS
  In this case-control study including 40 pregnant women with HG and 40 women with healthy uncomplicated pregnancies, serum CCK levels in addition to hematological, biochemical and hormonal parameters were investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum CCK values were found to be significantly lower in pregnant women with HG (P < 0.001). Additionally, while serum blood urea nitrogen and free thyroxine levels were significantly higher, sodium, potassium, and thyroid stimulating hormone levels were significantly lower in women with HG than in control women. No correlation was detected between CCK and other parameters like ketonuria and thyroid function tests.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CCK release has been found to be halved in pregnant women with HG, which supports the hypothesis that gastrointestinal motility is increased in pregnant women with HG. A causal effect remains to be confirmed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, High Risk Pregnancy Unit, Dr. Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Care, Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ebru
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Biberoglu
authors.forename: Ayse
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kirbas
authors.forename: Cantekin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Iskender
authors.forename: Aylin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dirican
authors.forename: Halil
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Daglar
authors.forename: Canan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Demirtas
authors.forename: Beyza
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Doganay
authors.forename: Dilek
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Uygur
authors.forename: Kutay
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Biberoglu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002766:Cholecystokinin / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006939:Hyperemesis Gravidarum / Q000097:blood*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000097:blood; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood; D011247:Pregnancy; D012964:Sodium / Q000097:blood; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D013972:Thyrotropin; D002766:Cholecystokinin; D012964:Sodium; D009584:Nitrogen; D013974:Thyroxine; D011188:Potassium
keywords: gastrointestinal motility; gut hormone; pathogenesis of hyperemesis gravidarum; thyroid function tests