title: Design of an effective bifunctional catalyst organotriphosphonic acid-functionalized ferric alginate (ATMP-FA) and optimization by Box-Behnken model for biodiesel esterification synthesis of oleic acid over ATMP-FA.
abstract: Biodiesel production has become an intense research area because of rapidly depleting energy reserves and increasing petroleum prices together with environmental concerns. This paper focused on the optimization of the catalytic performance in the esterification reaction of oleic acid for biodiesel production over the bifunctional catalyst organotriphosphonic acid-functionalized ferric alginate ATMP-FA. The reaction parameters including catalyst amount, ethanol to oleic acid molar ratio and reaction temperature have been optimized by response surface methodology (RSM) using the Box-Behnken model. It was found that the reaction temperature was the most significant factor, and the best conversion ratio of oleic acid could reach 93.17% under the reaction conditions with 9.53% of catalyst amount and 8.62:1 of ethanol to oleic acid molar ratio at 91.0 °C. The research results show that two catalytic species could work cooperatively to promote the esterification reaction, and the bifunctional ATMP-FA is a potential catalyst for biodiesel production.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, PR China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, PR China. Electronic address: yinping426@163.com.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiguang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, PR China. Electronic address: rongjunqu@sohu.com.
authors.forename: Rongjun
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Qu
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates / Q000737:chemistry*; D056804:Biofuels / Q000032:analysis*; D002384:Catalysis; D004951:Esterification; D005742:Gasoline / Q000032:analysis*; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D010757:Phosphorous Acids / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D056804:Biofuels; D005742:Gasoline; D010757:Phosphorous Acids; C570063:phosphonic acid; D019301:Oleic Acid
keywords: Aminotrimethylenephosphonic acid; Bifunctional catalyst; Biodiesel; Ferric alginate; Optimization