title: Loss of heterozygosity of chromosome 13q33-34 region and molecular analysis of ING1 and p53 genes in bladder carcinoma.
abstract: Cancer is a consequence of accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations in the cell which can lead to activation of oncogenes or inactivation of tumor suppressor genes (TSG). Since members of ING family were discovered as TSGs in different cancer types, it was aimed to analyze the chromosome 13q33-34 region, ING1 and p53 genes in bladder cancer. 30 paired normal and tumor tissues were investigated in terms of microdeletion of chromosome 13q33-34 region, ING1 expression and mutation status of ING1 and p53 genes. Because there is no data available about the transcription factors which bind to ING1 promoter, the promoter sequence was analyzed via Genomatix-MatInspector and TFSEARCH softwares. Used DS markers were D13S285, D13S1315, D13S796, D13S278, D13S158, and D13S779 where loss of heterozygosity (LOH) results were as 23.3, 20, 6.7, 3.3, 6.7, and 0 %, respectively. The highest LOH scores were obtained with markers D13S285 and D13S1315 which are flanking the ING1. Seven of 30 cases showed alteration in expression (p > 0.05). However, no mutation was detected in the exons of ING1. One patient showed a two-nucleotide deletion in p53 gene. However no significant TSG activity of ING1 was observed while higher activity was reported in different cancer types. As for the LOH data 13q33-34 region may contain different candidate TSGs like COL4A1, COL4A2 and SOX1. As a result of computational promoter analysis, some factors like ABL, E2F, HIF1, SOX, P53, BPTF, NRSF, c-Rel and c-ETS were associated with the promoter region. Molecular analysis of ING1 promoter warrants further analysis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Gaziantep, 27310, Gaziantep, Turkey, mehriigci@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mehri
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Igci
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arslan
authors.forename: Sakip
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Erturhan
authors.forename: Yusuf Ziya
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Igci
authors.forename: Elif
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pala
authors.forename: Bulent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gogebakan
authors.forename: Metin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karakok
authors.forename: Ecir Ali
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Cakmak
authors.forename: Beyhan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cengiz
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics*; D002882:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D016158:Genes, p53; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D000076023:Inhibitor of Growth Protein 1; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D019656:Loss of Heterozygosity; D008297:Male; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D020161:Physical Chromosome Mapping; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D020218:Response Elements; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C501503:ING1 protein, human; D000076023:Inhibitor of Growth Protein 1; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins