title: Use and value of ultrasound in diagnosing cesarean scar pregnancy: a report of three cases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The incidence of cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) is rising due to the increasing numbers of cesarean deliveries in the United States. However, little is known with respect to epidemiology, best screening methodologies, and treatment options.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three patients in their first trimester of pregnancy presented with a history of cesarean delivery and were diagnosed by pelvic ultrasound as having CSP. Methods of treatment included definitive surgery with hysterectomy or conservative management with methotrexate and lidocaine injection into the gestational sac.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with prior cesarean delivery, careful attention to all possible ultrasound signs of CSP during routine first trimester ultrasound is important for an early diagnosis, which can allow for various treatment options.
authors.forename: Arin M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Buresch
authors.forename: Martin R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Chavez
authors.forename: Wendy
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kinzler
authors.forename: Anthony M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Vintzileos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010921:Placenta Accreta / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011271:Pregnancy, Ectopic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014463:Ultrasonography