title: Optimization of extraction conditions of areca seed polyphenols and evaluation of their antioxidant activities.
abstract: Polyphenols are functional compounds in plants, which possess many bioactivities beneficial for humans. The aim of this study was to establish a highly efficient method for extracting polyphenol compounds from areca seeds and further to identify polyphenols and antioxidant properties of the seeds. A quadratic general rotary unitized design was used to determine the optimal extraction process. The polyphenols were identified using LC-TOF-MS. By comparison with ascorbic acid (Vc), the antioxidant activities of the ethanol extracts were evaluated using three complementary in vitro assays: inhibition of the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical-scavenging activity, hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity, and reducing ability. The two major polyphenols obtained were epicatechin and syringic acid. The ethanol extracts of areca seeds showed significantly greater antioxidant activity (p < 0.05) than Vc using the DPPH and reducing power assay, but lower ability (p < 0.05) using the hydroxyl radical assay. The results indicate that the areca seed is an excellent food material with potential antioxidant properties.
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China. zhwm1979@163.com.
authors.forename: Wei-Min
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China. wuyanghuang@jaas.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Wu-Yang
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China. hnchwx@163.com.
authors.forename: Wen-Xue
authors.initials: WX
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China. hanlin730@163.com.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China. zhanghaide@163.com.
authors.forename: Hai-De
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001114:Areca / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000196:embryology; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism*; D002392:Catechin / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D005707:Gallic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D010851:Picrates / Q000378:metabolism*; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D010851:Picrates; D059808:Polyphenols; D005707:Gallic Acid; D002392:Catechin; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; C001945:syringic acid; D001205:Ascorbic Acid