title: Histological patterns of the intestinal attachment of Corynosoma australe (Acanthocephala: Polymorphidae) in Arctocephalus australis (Mammalia: Pinnipedia).
abstract: The mucosal attachment pattern of Corynosoma australe in the intestines of Arctocephalus australis is described. Normal and abnormal tissue were sampled from 32 hosts to be submitted to histological routine protocol to embedding in paraffin and permanent mounting in balsam. Corynosoma australe shows three different degrees of body depth intestinal attachment (BDINA-1-3). BDINA-1: it is exclusive of the small intestine and the parasite attaches on the villi; BDINA-2: parasite affects the Lieberkühn crypts in several depth levels and, BDINA-3: the parasite reaches the submucosa. These attachment patterns alter the mucosa by degeneration and dysfunction due to necrosis of mucosal structure, great quantities of cellular debris and significant reduction of the mucosal thickness. Other aspects are crater-like concave holes (CLCHs) as sites where C. australe could be attached-detached several times according to adult migratory processes within luminal intestine space. The submucosa shows edema probably due to the local mucosal alterations resulting in homeostatic break. There is no severe inflammatory response by host but BDINA-1 to BDINA-3 and CLCH could represent foci to secondary opportunistic infections and significant areas of malabsorption in severally infected hosts contributing to increase clinical signs of preexistent pathologies.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Morfologia Funcional, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Avenida Itália, Km 08, s/n, Caixa Postal 474, Rio Grande, RS CEP 96201-900 Brazil.
authors.forename: Renato Z
authors.initials: RZ
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biologia de Parasitos de Organismos Aquáticos, ICB, FURG, Avenida Itália, Km 08, s/n, Caixa Postal 474, Rio Grande, RS CEP 96201-900 Brazil.
authors.forename: Joaber
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Morfologia Funcional, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Avenida Itália, Km 08, s/n, Caixa Postal 474, Rio Grande, RS CEP 96201-900 Brazil.
authors.forename: João Carlos B
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Cousin
keywords: Arctocephalinae; Corynosomiasis; Intestinal histopathology; Mammalian host; Parasite attachment pattern