title: Degradation of curcuminoids by in vitro pure culture fermentation.
abstract: Colonic bacteria may mediate the transformation of curcuminoids, but studies of this metabolism are limited. Here, the metabolism of curcuminoids by Escherichia fergusonii (ATCC 35469) and two Escherichia coli strains (ATCC 8739 and DH10B) was examined in modified medium for colon bacteria (mMCB) with or without pig cecal fluid. LC-MS analysis showed that 16-37% of curcumin, 6-16% of demethoxycurcumin (DMC) and 7-15% of bis-demethoxycurcumin (Bis-DMC), and 7-15% of bis-demethoxycurcumin (Bis-DMC) were converted following 36 h of fermentation, with the amount of curcuminoids degraded varying depending on the bacterial strain and medium used. Three metabolites (dihydrocurcumin (DHC), tetrahydrocurcumin (THC), and ferulic acid (FA)) were found in fermentation cultures with all strains used. In addition, a compound with m/z [M - H](-) 470 was found and identified to be a curcumin adduct (curcumin-l-cysteine), using accurate mass FT-ICR-MS. This study provides insights into the bacterial metabolism of curcuminoids.
authors.affiliation: CSIRO Food and Nutrition Flagship, 671 Sneydes Road, Werribee, Victoria 3030, Australia.
authors.forename: Suryani
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Thusitha W T
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Rupasinghe
authors.forename: Dedreia L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Tull
authors.forename: Berin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Boughton
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Oliver
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: McSweeny
authors.forename: Sally L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Gras
authors.forename: Mary Ann
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Augustin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001711:Biotransformation; D003474:Curcumin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D004925:Escherichia / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005285:Fermentation; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D003474:Curcumin
keywords: Escherichia coli; curcumin; curcuminoids; gut bacteria; metabolism