title: A comprehensive proteomic approach to identifying capacitation related proteins in boar spermatozoa.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mammalian spermatozoa must undergo capacitation, before becoming competent for fertilization. Despite its importance, the fundamental molecular mechanisms of capacitation are poorly understood. Therefore, in this study, we applied a proteomic approach for identifying capacitation-related proteins in boar spermatozoa in order to elucidate the events more precisely. 2-DE gels were generated from spermatozoa samples in before- and after-capacitation. To validate the 2-DE results, Western blotting and immunocytochemistry were performed with 2 commercially available antibodies. Additionally, the protein-related signaling pathways among identified proteins were detected using Pathway Studio 9.0.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified Ras-related protein Rab-2, Phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (PHGPx) and Mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit beta (PDHB) that were enriched before-capacitation, and NADH dehydrogenase 1 beta subcomplex 6, Mitochondrial peroxiredoxin-5, (PRDX5), Apolipoprotein A-I (APOA1), Mitochondrial Succinyl-CoA ligase [ADP-forming] subunit beta (SUCLA2), Acrosin-binding protein, Ropporin-1A, and Spermadhesin AWN that were enriched after-capacitation (>3-fold) by 2-DE and ESI-MS/MS. SUCLA2 and PDHB are involved in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, whereas PHGPx and PRDX5 are involved in glutathione metabolism. SUCLA2, APOA1 and PDHB mediate adipocytokine signaling and insulin action. The differentially expressed proteins following capacitation are putatively related to sperm functions, such as ROS and energy metabolism, motility, hyperactivation, the acrosome reaction, and sperm-egg interaction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results from this study elucidate the proteins involved in capacitation, which may aid in the design of biomarkers that can be used to predict boar sperm quality.
authors.forename: Woo-Sung
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Md Saidur
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.forename: June-Sub
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sung-Jae
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Yoo-Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Young-Ah
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: Seongsoo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science & Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do 456-756, Republic of Korea. mgpang@cau.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Myung-Geol
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Pang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D008297:Male; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013075:Sperm Capacitation; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000502:physiology*; D034421:Sus scrofa