title: Effects of resistance training combined with moderate-intensity endurance or low-volume high-intensity interval exercise on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with coronary artery disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effects of resistance training combined with either moderate-intensity endurance or low-volume high-intensity interval training on cardiovascular risk profiles in patients with coronary artery disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Factorial repeated-measures study design.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nineteen patients were randomized into moderate-intensity endurance (n = 10) or high-intensity interval (n = 9) groups, and attended 2 supervised exercise sessions a week for 6-months. The first 3-months involved exclusive moderate-intensity endurance or high-intensity interval exercise, after which progressive resistance training was added to both groups for the remaining 3-months. Fitness (VO(2)peak), blood pressure and heart rate, lipid profiles and health related quality of life assessments were performed at pretraining, 3 and 6-months training.
  
  
  RESULTS
  VO(2)peak increased from pretraining to 3-months in both groups (moderate-intensity endurance: 19.8 ± 7.3 vs. 23.2 ± 7.4 ml kg(-1)min(-1); high-intensity interval: 21.1 ± 3.3 vs. 26.4 ± 5.2 ml kg(-1)min(-1), p<0.001) with no further increase at 6-months. Self-evaluated health and high-density lipoprotein were increased following 6-months of moderate-intensity endurance exercise, while all remaining indices were unchanged. Low-volume high-intensity interval exercise did not elicit improvements in lipids or health related quality of life. Blood pressures and heart rates were unchanged with training in both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings from our pilot study suggest improvements in fitness occur within the first few months of training in patients with coronary artery disease, after which the addition of resistance training to moderate-intensity endurance and high-intensity interval exercise elicited no further improvements. Given the importance of resistance training in cardiac rehabilitation, additional research is required to determine its effectiveness when combined with high-intensity interval exercise.
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Canada.
authors.forename: Katharine D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Currie
authors.affiliation: School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Kaitlyn J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Bailey
authors.affiliation: School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Mary E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Canada; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Canada; Hamilton Health Sciences, Canada.
authors.forename: Robert S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: McKelvie
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Canada. Electronic address: macdonmj@mcmaster.ca.
authors.forename: Maureen J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: MacDonald
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D064797:Physical Conditioning, Human / Q000379:methods*; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology*; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011788:Quality of Life; D055070:Resistance Training; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL
keywords: Blood pressure; Fitness; Quality of life; Rehabilitation