title: Identification of Environmental Chemicals Associated with the Development of Toxicant-associated Fatty Liver Disease in Rodents.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Toxicant-associated fatty liver disease (TAFLD) is a recently identified form of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) associated with exposure to industrial chemicals and environmental pollutants. Numerous studies have been conducted to test the association between industrial chemicals/environmental pollutants and fatty liver disease both in vivo and in vitro.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of the article is to report a list of chemicals associated with TAFLD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two federal databases of rodent toxicology studies-Toxicological Reference Database (ToxRefDB; Environmental Protection Agency) and Chemical Effects in Biological Systems (CEBS, National Toxicology Program)-were searched for liver end points. Combined, these 2 databases archive nearly 2,000 rodent studies. Toxicant-associated steatohepatitis (TASH) descriptors including fatty change, fatty necrosis, Oil red O-positive staining, steatosis, and lipid deposition were queried.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using these search terms, 123 chemicals associated with fatty liver were identified. Pesticides and solvents were the most frequently identified chemicals, while polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)/dioxins were the most potent. About 44% of identified compounds were pesticides or their intermediates, and >10% of pesticide registration studies in ToxRefDB were associated with fatty liver. Fungicides and herbicides were more frequently associated with fatty liver than insecticides.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  More research on pesticides, solvents, metals, and PCBs/dioxins in NAFLD/TAFLD is warranted due to their association with liver damage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.
authors.forename: Laila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Al-Eryani
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.
authors.forename: Banrida
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wahlang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Falkner
authors.affiliation: University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Guardiola
authors.affiliation: University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.
authors.forename: H B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Clair
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Prough
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA Robley Rex Louisville VAMC, Louisville, Kentucky, USA matt.cave@louisville.edu.
authors.forename: Matt
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cave
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects*; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000139:chemically induced*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000633:toxicity; D018675:Toxicity Tests
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D010575:Pesticides
keywords: CEBS; NAFLD; TASH; ToxRefDB; pesticides; steatohepatitis; steatosis