title: Adipose triglyceride lipase regulates lipid metabolism in dairy goat mammary epithelial cells.
abstract: Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) catalyzes the initial step in the lipid lipolysis process, hydrolyzing triglyceride (TG) to produce diacylglycerol (DG) and free fatty acids (FFA). In addition, ATGL regulates lipid storage and release in adipocyte cells. However, its role in mammary gland tissue remains unclear. To assess the role of the ATGL gene in the goat mammary gland, this study analyzed the tissue distribution and expression of key genes together with lipid accumulation after knockdown of the ATGL gene. The mRNA of ATGL was highly expressed in subcutaneous adipose tissue, the lung and the mammary gland with a significant increase in expression during the lactation period compared with the dry period of the mammary gland. Knockdown of the ATGL gene in goat mammary epithelial cells (GMECs) using siRNA resulted in a significant decrease in both ATGL mRNA and protein levels. Silencing of the ATGL gene markedly increased lipid droplet accumulation and intracellular TG concentration (P<0.05), while it reduced FFA levels in GMECs (P<0.05). Additionally, the expression of HSL for lipolysis, FABP3 for fatty acid transport, PPARα for fatty acid oxidation, ADFP, BTN1A1, and XDH for milk fat formation and secretion was down-regulated (P<0.05) after knockdown of the ATGL gene, with increased expression of CD36 for fatty acid uptake (P<0.05). In conclusion, these data suggest that the ATGL gene plays an important role in triglyceride lipolysis in GMECs and provides the first experimental evidence that ATGL may be involved in lipid metabolism during lactation.
authors.affiliation: Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China. Electronic address: luojun@nwsuaf.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
authors.forename: Hengbo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
authors.forename: Jiangjiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
authors.forename: Yuting
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
authors.forename: Kang
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
authors.forename: Dawei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yao
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000201:enzymology*; D000818:Animals; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D020868:Gene Silencing; D006017:Glycolipids / Q000378:metabolism; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006041:Goats; D007774:Lactation; D008049:Lipase / Q000378:metabolism*; D066292:Lipid Droplets; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008066:Lipolysis; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000166:cytology*; D034622:RNA Interference; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D006017:Glycolipids; D006023:Glycoproteins; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; C110367:milk fat globule; D008049:Lipase
keywords: Adipose triglyceride lipase gene; Fatty acids; Lipid metabolism; Mammary epithelial cells