title: Percutaneous coronary intervention causes a rapid but transient mobilisation of CD34(+)CD45(-) cells.
abstract: Circulating CD34(+)CD45(-) cell concentrations are increased in patients with coronary artery disease, however their pathophysiological significance is unknown. We determined CD34(+)CD45(-) cell concentrations following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in order to explore their role in acute vascular injury.
  
  
  
  In a prospective time-course analysis, we quantified using flow cytometry circulating CD34(+)CD45(-) cells, traditional CD34(+)VEGFR-2(+) putative endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), CD14(+) VEGFR(-) 2(+)Tie-2(+) angiogenic monocytes and intercellular adhesion molecule expression (CXCR-4 and CD18) in patients, before and during the first week following diagnostic angiography (n=13) or PCI (n=23). Vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and C reactive protein (CRP) were quantified by ELISA.
  
  
  
  Unlike diagnostic angiography, PCI increased circulating neutrophil and CRP concentrations at 24 and 48 h, respectively (p<0.002 for both). CD34(+)CD45(-) cell concentrations were unaffected by angiography (p>0.4), but were transiently increased 6 h following PCI (median (IQR) 0.93 (0.43-1.49) vs 1.51 (0.96-2.15)×10(6) cells/L; p=0.01), returning to normal by 24 h. This occurred in the absence of any change in serum VEFG-A concentration, adhesion molecule expression on CD34(+) cells, or mobilisation of traditional EPCs or angiogenic monocytes (p>0.1 for all).
  
  
  
  PCI transiently increases circulating CD34(+)CD45(-) cells, without increasing CD34(+) adhesion molecule expression or VEGF-A concentrations, suggesting that CD34(+)CD45(-) cells may be mobilised from the vessel wall directly as a result of mechanical injury. Traditional putative EPC and angiogenic monocytes are unaffected by PCI, and are unlikely to be important in the acute response to vascular injury.
authors.affiliation: British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science , Edinburgh , UK.
authors.forename: Gareth J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Padfield
authors.affiliation: British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science , Edinburgh , UK.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tura-Ceide
authors.affiliation: Scottish Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Freyer
authors.affiliation: British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science , Edinburgh , UK.
authors.forename: G Robin
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Barclay
authors.affiliation: Scottish Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.affiliation: Scottish Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK.
authors.forename: David E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Newby
authors.affiliation: British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science , Edinburgh , UK.
authors.forename: Nicholas L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Mills
keywords: CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE