title: Real stereopsis test using a three-dimensional display with Tridef software.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate horizontal image disparity in three-dimensional (3-D) perception using 3-D animations in normal control patients and patients with intermittent exotropia, anisometropic amblyopia, and partially accommodative esotropia.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 133 subjects were included. Stereopsis was measured using the Titmus Stereo test (Stereo Optical Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) and a 3-D stereopsis test with a 15 inch 3-D display laptop, adjusting 3-D parameters of 0 mm horizontal disparity to 15 mm horizontal disparity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When compared with normal controls, the average threshold of the 3-D stereopsis test was significantly reduced for esotropia patients (p<0.001) and for anisometric amblyopia patients (p<0.001), compared to normal controls. No significant difference was observed between normal controls and intermittent exotropia patients (p=0.082). The 3-D stereopsis test was correlated with the Titmus Stereo test (Spearman's rho=0.690, p<0.001). Mean difference in stereoacuity was 1.323 log seconds of arc (95% limits of agreement: 0.486 to 2.112), and 125 (92.5%) patients were within the limits of agreement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrated that a 3-D stereopsis test with animation is highly correlated with the Titmus Stereo test; nevertheless, 3-D stereopsis with animations generates more image disparities than the conventional Titmus Stereo test. The 3-D stereopsis test is highly predictive for estimating real stereopsis in a 3-D movie theater.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jinu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: So Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Koo
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Bok
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. shhan222@yuhs.ac.
authors.forename: Sueng-Han
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000550:Amblyopia / Q000175:diagnosis; D015858:Anisometropia / Q000175:diagnosis; D003867:Depth Perception; D004948:Esotropia / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010468:Perceptual Disorders; D012984:Software; D015357:Vision Disparity; D015348:Vision, Binocular; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Depth perceptions; imaging; three dimensional; vision disparity