title: Consider benign Müllerian papilloma: a rare cause of vaginal bleeding in children.
abstract: Vaginal bleeding in young girls is a distressing symptom. Due to the potential for malignancy, thorough investigation is needed. Though rare, Müllerian papillomas are a benign cause of such symptoms. We report the case of a 2-year-old female who presented with acute onset of vaginal bleeding. She had another episode of bleeding during admission and was taken to the operating room for vaginoscopy under general anesthesia. A single friable lesion with active bleeding was visualized near the anterior vagina or cervix, which was biopsied. Histopathologic examination demonstrated characteristic features of benign Müllerian papilloma of infancy. Müllerian papillomas require examination under anesthesia and vaginoscopy with biopsies for efficient and accurate diagnosis. Treatment consists of complete local excision. Local recurrences are not uncommon, though prognosis for primary or recurrent disease is excellent.
authors.affiliation: University of Toledo Medical Center, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA.
authors.forename: Venkat
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Yalamanchili
authors.forename: Pouya
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Entezami
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Langenburg
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stockmann
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009095:Mullerian Ducts; D010212:Papilloma / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D014592:Uterine Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D014623:Vaginal Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis