title: Study of the viability and adhesion of osteoblast cells to bone cements mixed with hydroxyapatite at different concentrations to use in vertebral augmentation techniques.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study is to compare the biocompatibility and the effect in osteoblasts of polymethyl methacrylate alone, and mixed with hydroxyapatite in different concentrations of 5, 10, 15 and 20%, without exceeding 20%, as it can alter mechanical properties of the composite.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental study comparing osteoblast response to Polymethyl methacrylate alone and with hydroxyapatite in different concentrations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Composites at 15 and 20% obtained better osteoblast response, with higher osteoblastic activity markers, and lower apoptosis markers. Electron microscopy images show improved adhesion of osteoblasts.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago y Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, España.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pino-Mínguez
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago y Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, España. Electronic address: aljmora@gmail.com.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jorge-Mora
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago y Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, España.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Couceiro-Otero
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago y Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, España.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: García-Santiago
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D017886:Durapatite / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013131:Spine / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001843:Bone Cements; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate; D017886:Durapatite
keywords: Cell response; Hidroxiapatita; Hydroxyapatite; Osseointegration; Osteintegración; Osteoblast; Osteoblasto; Polimetilmetacrilato; Polymethylmethacrylate; Respuesta celular