title: A standardised challenge model with an enterotoxigenic F4+ Escherichia coli strain in piglets assessing clinical traits and faecal shedding of fae and est-II toxin genes.
abstract: This study evaluated the effect of five feed additives on post weaning diarrhoea (PWD) in piglets challenged 3 d after weaning with an enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strain (ETEC). In three experimental runs, a total of 84 piglets was weaned at 21 days of age and randomly assigned to seven treatments. As dietary treatment, piglets were fed a basal diet or diets with addition of bovine colostrum (0.2%), pineapple stem extract containing bromelain (0.2%), an autolysed yeast preparation (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (0.1%), a combination of organic acids (0.7%) and a phytogenic product with thyme essential oil (0.015%). A porcine ETEC, serotype O149:K91:K88ac was given twice via oral infection on day 3 after weaning at 10(10) colony forming units/animal. One group of piglets was fed the basal diet without ETEC challenge. Traits included clinical sores, body temperature, faecal scoring and determination of faecal dry matter and the shedding of fae and est-II ETEC toxin genes. After weaning, non-challenged control piglets did not show signs of diarrhoea or impaired health, while the majority of infected piglets had a drop in body temperature, signs of diarrhoea and impaired general health. Mortality, the decrease of faecal dry matter and shedding of the toxin genes fae and est-II were not affected by the different additives. In conclusion, the ETEC challenge model induced distinct clinical signs of PWD in piglets, but the tested feed additives had no preventive effect under these conditions.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Veterinary Medicine , Institute of Animal Nutrition, Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin , Germany.
authors.forename: Franz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Spitzer
authors.forename: Wilfried
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Vahjen
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pieper
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Martinez-Vallespin
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zentek
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004435:Eating; D054307:Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry*; D005503:Food Additives / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005506:Food Contamination; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D004768:Enterotoxins; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D005503:Food Additives; D037521:Virulence Factors; C034151:heat stable toxin (E coli)
keywords: Escherichia coli; diarrhoea; feed additives; piglets; weaning