title: Metabolism of nC11 fatty acid fed to Trichoderma koningii and Penicillium janthinellum II: Production of intracellular and extracellular lipids.
abstract: Little is known about the fungal metabolism of nC10 and nC11 fatty acids and their conversion into lipids. A mixed batch culture of soil fungi, T. koningii and P. janthinellum, was grown on undecanoic acid (UDA), a mixture of UDA and potato dextrose broth (UDA+PDB), and PDB alone to examine their metabolic conversion during growth. We quantified seven intracellular and extracellular lipid classes using Iatroscan thin-layer chromatography with flame ionization detection (TLC-FID). Gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) was used to quantify 42 individual fatty acids. Per 150 mL culture, the mixed fungal culture grown on UDA+PDB produced the highest amount of intracellular (531 mg) and extracellular (14.7 mg) lipids during the exponential phase. The content of total intracellular lipids represented 25% of the total biomass-carbon, or 10% of the total biomass dry weight produced. Fatty acids made up the largest class of intracellular lipids (457 mg/150 mL culture) and they were synthesized at a rate of 2.4 mg/h during the exponential phase, and decomposed at a rate of 1.8 mg/h during the stationary phase, when UDA+PDB was the carbon source. Palmitic acid (C16:0), stearic acid (C18:0), oleic acid (C18:1), linoleic acid (C18:2) and vaccenic acid (C18:1) accounted for >80% of the total intracellular fatty acids. During exponential growth on UDA+PDB, hydrocarbons were the largest pool of all extracellular lipids (6.5 mg), and intracellularly they were synthesized at a rate of 64 μg/h. The mixed fungal species culture of T. koningii and P. janthinellum produced many lipids for potential use as industrial feedstocks or bioproducts in biorefineries.
authors.affiliation: a Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre , Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , Ottawa , Ontario , Canada.
authors.forename: Carlos M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Monreal
authors.forename: Amarpreet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chahal
authors.forename: Owen
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Rowland
authors.forename: Myron
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Morris
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schnitzer
mesh_terms: D002244:Carbon / Q000378:metabolism; D003470:Culture Media; D003652:Decanoic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D007218:Industrial Microbiology / Q000379:methods; D008055:Lipids / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D010407:Penicillium / Q000378:metabolism*; D014242:Trichoderma / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D003652:Decanoic Acids; D005227:Fatty Acids; D008055:Lipids; C016173:undecanoic acid; C031071:decanoic acid; D002244:Carbon; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Fatty acid metabolism; Penicillium janthinellum; Trichoderma koningii; hydrocarbons; lipid classes; lipid decomposition and synthesis; saturated and unsaturated fatty acids