title: Prevalence and predictors of coronary artery disease in adults with Kawasaki disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Accelerated coronary atherosclerosis in patients with Kawasaki disease, in conjunction with coronary artery aneurysm and stenosis that characterise this disease, are potential risk factors for developing coronary artery disease in young adults. We aimed to determine the prevalence and predictors of coronary artery disease in adult patients with Kawasaki disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients aged 18-55 years of age diagnosed with Kawasaki disease were sampled from Nationwide Inpatient Sample database using International Classification of Diseases 9th revision (ICD 9 code 446.1) from 2009 to 2010. Demographics, prevalence of coronary artery disease, and other traditional risk factors in adult patients with Kawasaki disease were analysed using ICD 9 codes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of Kawasaki disease among adults was 0.0005% (n=215) of all in-hospital admissions in United States. The mean age was 27.3 years with women (27.6 years) older than men (27.1 years). Traditional risk factors were hypertension (21%), hyperlipidaemia (15.6%), diabetes (11.5%), tobacco use (8.8%), and obesity (8.8%), with no significant difference between men and women. Coronary artery disease (32.4%), however, was more prevalent in men (44.7%) than in women (12.1%; p=0.03). In multivariate regression analysis, after adjusting for demographics and traditional risk factors, hypertension (OR=13.2, p=0.03) was an independent risk factor of coronary artery disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was increased preponderance of coronary artery disease in men with Kawasaki disease. On multivariate analysis, hypertension was found to be the only independent predictor of coronary artery disease in this population after adjusting for other risk factors.
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Internal Medicine,Division of Cardiology,Westchester Medical Center,New York Medical College,Valhalla,New York,United States of America.
authors.forename: Jalaj
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Garg
authors.affiliation: 2Department of Internal Medicine,Mount Sinai Englewood Hospital and Medical Center,Englewood,New Jersey,United States of America.
authors.forename: Parasuram
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Krishnamoorthy
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Internal Medicine,Division of Cardiology,Westchester Medical Center,New York Medical College,Valhalla,New York,United States of America.
authors.forename: Chandrasekar
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Palaniswamy
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Internal Medicine,Division of Cardiology,Westchester Medical Center,New York Medical College,Valhalla,New York,United States of America.
authors.forename: Rajiv
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Paudel
authors.affiliation: 3Division of Cardiology,St. Luke's Roosevelt Hospital,Mount Sinai Medical Center,New York,New York,United States of America.
authors.forename: Saurav
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chatterjee
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Internal Medicine,Division of Cardiology,Westchester Medical Center,New York Medical College,Valhalla,New York,United States of America.
authors.forename: Hasan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.affiliation: 4Department of Pediatrics,Division of Cardiology,Case Western Reserve School of Medicine,Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital,Cleveland,Ohio,United States of America.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Snyder
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009080:Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009765:Obesity; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D064424:Tobacco Use; D014481:United States; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Kawasaki disease; adults; coronary artery disease; hypertension; prevention