title: Serum and tissue expression of gelatinase and Twist in breast cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to investigate the levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2, MMP-9 and Twist in tumor tissue and serum from 46 cases of breast cancer patients and 31 cases of benign breast diseases patients by immunohistochemical staining and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. The association of gelatinase and Twist expression with clinicopathological factors was also analyzed in the present study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The studied population consisted of 46 breast cancer patients and 31 benign breast disease patients. Serum concentrations of MMP-2, MMP-9 and Twist were measured by using human enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The protein expression of Twist, MMP-2 and MMP-9 were determined by immunohistochemical.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results show that the levels of MMP-2, MMP-9 and Twist expression were significantly increased in tissue and serum from breast cancer group, compared to the group of benign breast lesions diseases (p < 0.05). The pre-operative serum levels of MMP-2, MMP-9 and Twist were positively correlated with their expression in breast cancer tissues, respectively (p < 0.05). We, then, correlated serum and tissue levels of MMP-2, MMP-9 and Twist in breast cancer samples with patients' clinicopathologic characteristics. Compared to low expression, high serum and tissue levels of MMP-2 and Twist were associated with lymph node metastasis and higher TNM stage, high tissue MMP-9 levels were associated with lymph node metastasis and higher TNM stage, and high serum MMP-9 levels were associated with c-erbB-2 expression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that serum levels of MMP-2, MMP-9 and Twist could be as potential biomarkers for diagnosis and predicting metastasis of breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China. zhaomineryuan@126.com.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ang
authors.forename: M-Q
authors.initials: MQ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: H-G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Z-S
authors.initials: ZS
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D018093:Gelatinases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D051879:Twist-Related Protein 1 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C103173:TWIST1 protein, human; D051879:Twist-Related Protein 1; D018093:Gelatinases; C522361:MMP2 protein, human; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; C579270:MMP9 protein, human; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9