title: Interpersonal multisensory stimulation reduces the overwhelming distracting power of self-gaze: psychophysical evidence for 'engazement'.
abstract: One's own face and gaze are never seen directly but only in a mirror. Yet, these stimuli capture attention more powerfully than others' face and gaze, suggesting the self is special for brain and behavior. Synchronous touches felt on one's own and seen on the face of others induce the sensation of including others in one's own face (enfacement). We demonstrate that enfacement may also reduce the overwhelming distracting power of self-gaze. This effect, hereafter called 'engazement', depends on the perceived physical attractiveness and inner beauty of the pair partner. Thus, we highlight for the first time the close link between enfacement and engazement by showing that changes of the self-face representation induced by facial visuo-tactile stimulation extend to gaze following, a separate process likely underpinned by different neural substrates. Moreover, although gaze following is a largely automatic, engazement is penetrable to the influence of social variables, such as positive interpersonal perception.
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Psychology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via dei Marsi 78, I-00185 Rome, Italy [2] Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via Ardeatina 306, I-00179 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Porciello
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Psychology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via dei Marsi 78, I-00185 Rome, Italy [2] Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via Ardeatina 306, I-00179 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Brittany Serra
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Holmes
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Psychology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via dei Marsi 78, I-00185 Rome, Italy [2] Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via Ardeatina 306, I-00179 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco Tullio
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Liuzza
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via dei Marsi 78, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Filippo
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Crostella
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Psychology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via dei Marsi 78, I-00185 Rome, Italy [2] Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via Ardeatina 306, I-00179 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Salvatore Maria
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Aglioti
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Psychology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via dei Marsi 78, I-00185 Rome, Italy [2] Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via Ardeatina 306, I-00179 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Ilaria
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bufalari
mesh_terms: D001828:Body Image; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology; D005145:Face / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D011601:Psychophysics; D012677:Sensation / Q000502:physiology; D012938:Social Perception; D055698:Touch Perception