title: Stroke volume variation and indexed stroke volume measured using bioreactance predict fluid responsiveness in postoperative children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Postoperative fluid management can be challenging in children after haemorrhagic surgery. The goal of this study was to assess the ability of dynamic cardiovascular variables measured using bioreactance (NICOM®, Cheetah Medical, Tel Aviv, Israel) to predict fluid responsiveness in postoperative children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Children sedated and mechanically ventilated, who require volume expansion (VE) during the immediate postoperative period, were included. Indexed stroke volume (SVi), cardiac index, and stroke volume variation (SVV) were measured using the NICOM® device. Responders (Rs) to VE were patients showing an increase in SV measured using transthoracic echocardiography of at least 15% after VE. Data are median [95% confidence interval (CI)].
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-one patients were included, but one patient was excluded because of the lack of calibration of the NICOM® device. Before VE, SVi [33 (95% CI 31-36) vs 24 (95% CI 21-28) ml m(-2); P=0.006] and SVV [8 (95% CI 4-11) vs 13 (95% CI 11-15)%; P=0.004] were significantly different between non-responders and Rs. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves of SVi and SVV for predicting fluid responsiveness were 0.88 (95% CI 0.71-0.97) and 0.81 (95% CI 0.66-0.96), for a cut-off value of 29 ml m(-2) (grey zone 27-29 ml m(-2)) and 10% (grey zone 9-15%), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study show that SVi and SVV non-invasively measured by bioreactance are predictive of fluid responsiveness in sedated and mechanically ventilated children after surgery.
authors.affiliation: Service d'Anesthésie Réanimation, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Université Paris Descartes, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, 149 rue de Sevres, 75743 Paris Cedex 15, France.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vergnaud
authors.affiliation: Service d'Anesthésie Réanimation, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Université Paris Descartes, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, 149 rue de Sevres, 75743 Paris Cedex 15, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vidal
authors.affiliation: Service d'Anesthésie Réanimation, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Université Paris Descartes, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, 149 rue de Sevres, 75743 Paris Cedex 15, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Verchère
authors.affiliation: Service d'Anesthésie Réanimation, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Université Paris Descartes, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, 149 rue de Sevres, 75743 Paris Cedex 15, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Miatello
authors.affiliation: Service d'Anesthésie Réanimation, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Université Paris Descartes, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, 149 rue de Sevres, 75743 Paris Cedex 15, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.affiliation: Service d'Anesthésie Réanimation, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Université Paris Descartes, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, 149 rue de Sevres, 75743 Paris Cedex 15, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Carli
authors.affiliation: Service d'Anesthésie Réanimation, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Université Paris Descartes, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, 149 rue de Sevres, 75743 Paris Cedex 15, France gilles.orliaguet@nck.aphp.fr.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Orliaguet
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D019540:Area Under Curve; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003398:Craniosynostoses / Q000601:surgery*; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005440:Fluid Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods*; D011182:Postoperative Care / Q000379:methods*; D019106:Postoperative Hemorrhage / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012372:ROC Curve; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: children; equipment, monitors; measurement techniques, transthoracic electrical impedance; monitoring, cardiopulmonary