title: Province-level income inequality and health outcomes in Canadian adolescents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effects of provincial income inequality (disparity between rich and poor), independent of provincial income and family socioeconomic status, on multiple adolescent health outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants (aged 12-17 years; N = 11,899) were from the Canadian National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth. Parental education, household income, province income inequality, and province mean income were measured. Health outcomes were measured across a number of domains, including self-rated health, mental health, health behaviors, substance use behaviors, and physical health.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Income inequality was associated with injuries, general physical symptoms, and limiting conditions, but not associated with most adolescent health outcomes and behaviors. Income inequality had a moderating effect on family socioeconomic status for limiting conditions, hyperactivity/inattention, and conduct problems, but not for other outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Province-level income inequality was associated with some physical and mental health outcomes in adolescents, which has research and policy implications for this age-group.
authors.affiliation: Community Mental Health, IWK Health Centre and Department of Psychology, Concordia University jennifer.mcgrath@concordia.ca.
authors.forename: Elizabeth C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Quon
authors.affiliation: Community Mental Health, IWK Health Centre and Department of Psychology, Concordia University.
authors.forename: Jennifer J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: McGrath
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002170:Canada; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health; D012923:Social Class; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
keywords: adolescents; disparities; health behavior; mental health; public health