title: [Expression and clinical significance of AHSG and complement C3 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze serum proteins from pancreatic carcinoma patients, pancreatic benign tumor patients, chronic pancreatitis patients and normal controls to discover potential and specific biomarkers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum samples were collected from 40 pancreatic carcinoma patients, 10 pancreatic benign tumor patients, 10 chronic pancreatitis patients and 40 cancer-free controls from May 2009 to April 2011. The samples were compared with two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) and differentially expressed proteins were further identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Then, two up-regulated proteins were further validated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry (IHC) from transcriptional and proteinic aspects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified 12 differently expressed proteins in pancreatic carcinoma group compared with normal control group, including complement component C3, hemopexin, alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein, apolipoprotein H, serotransferrin, haptoglobin, apolipoprotein E, transthyretin, serum amyloid P-component, vitronectin, prothrombin and isoform 2 of Ig mu chain C region. High level of C3 and AHSG were detected in cancerous tissues by real-time PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemisty. Western blot revealed that gray ratios of C3 and AHSG were 0.11 ± 0.01 and 0.26 ± 0.02 respectively. The Immunohistochemical results showed that positive rate of C3 and AHSG were 72.5% and 82.5% in cancerous group versus 32.5% and 25% respectively in normal control.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  C3 and AHSG may become pancreatic carcinoma-related biomarkers.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China. Email: ch_jiong@126.com.
authors.forename: Jiong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China.
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China.
authors.forename: Longjiang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China.
authors.forename: Xiaolei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China.
authors.forename: Hangcheng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China.
authors.forename: Renbao
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China.
authors.forename: Liwei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D015153:Blotting, Western; D021441:Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / Q000378:metabolism*; D003176:Complement C3 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D050500:Pancreatitis, Chronic; D040901:Proteomics; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D014168:Transferrin; D015854:Up-Regulation; D060749:alpha-2-HS-Glycoprotein / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C556354:AHSG protein, human; D015415:Biomarkers; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D003176:Complement C3; D014168:Transferrin; D060749:alpha-2-HS-Glycoprotein