title: C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) isoforms play differing roles in otitis media.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Innate immunity and tissue proliferation play important roles in otitis media (OM), the most common disease of childhood. CJUN terminal kinase (JNK) is potentially involved in both processes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Genes involved in both innate immune and growth factor activation of JNK are upregulated during OM, while expression of both positive and negative JNK regulatory genes is altered. When compared to wildtypes (WTs), C57BL/6 mice deficient in JNK1 exhibit enhanced mucosal thickening, with delayed recovery, enhanced neutrophil recruitment early in OM, and delayed bacterial clearance. In contrast, JNK2-/- mice exhibit delayed mucosal hyperplasia that eventually exceeds that of WTs and is slow to recover, delayed recruitment of neutrophils, and failure of bacterial clearance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that JNK1 and JNK2 play primarily opposing roles in mucosal hyperplasia and neutrophil recruitment early in OM. However, both isoforms are required for the normal resolution of middle ear infection.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Meredith
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Frie
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Kwang
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pak
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Webster
authors.forename: Stephen I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Wasserman
authors.forename: Allen F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Ryan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004432:Ear, Middle / Q000201:enzymology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D006193:Haemophilus influenzae / Q000502:physiology; D006965:Hyperplasia; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000473:pathology; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000235:genetics; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000473:pathology; D010033:Otitis Media / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases