title: Evaluation of bacterial translocation in patients with chronic HCV infection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The factors involved in the progression of liver disease towards decompensated cirrhosis are not completely elucidated. It seems that bacterial translocation (BT) from the gut to the systemic blood flow has an important role in the disease progression, but literature data are controversial. Our objectives were to evaluate the presence of BT in patients with chronic HCV infection and to assess the correlation between BT and liver fibrosis stages and inflammatory state.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a cross-sectional study on patients with chronic HCV infection in a tertiary care hospital between January and July 2013. Blood samples were collected for aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, platelets, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and tumor necrosis-alpha (TNFα). Plasma LPS were measured by ELISA (Kamiya Biomedical Company Seattle, SUA) and TNFα by DIAsource ImmunoAssay (Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium) kits. Liver fibrosis was evaluated by means of FibroMax (BioPredictive, Paris, France) in all patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We enrolled 116 patients with CHC, with a sex ratio M/F of 0.55 and a median age of 54 (45-61) years. Most of the patients (32) had compensated cirrhosis (F4). LPS levels were higher in patients with mild fibrosis--median value of 60.34 (32-91.7) ng/mL, than in cirrhotic patients--median value 40.39 (20.2-74.4) ng/mL (p = 0.051). We found no statistical correlation between LPS levels and fibrosis (p = 0.068) or TNFα levels (p = 0.097) CONCLUSIONS: There was BT in patients with CHC but it was not correlated with liver fibrosis stages or systemic inflammation. This may suggest that LPS evaluation may not be the best technique to assess baterial translocation, but further studies are needed.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Munteanu
authors.forename: Anca
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Negru
authors.forename: Mihaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Radulescu
authors.forename: Raluca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mihailescu
authors.forename: St S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Arama
authors.forename: Victoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Arama
mesh_terms: D018988:Bacterial Translocation; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D018450:Disease Progression; D019446:Endotoxemia / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000097:blood; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides