title: Risk factors associated with an outbreak of dengue fever/dengue haemorrhagic fever in Hanoi, Vietnam.
abstract: Dengue fever/dengue haemorrhagic fever (DF/DHF) appears to be emerging in Hanoi in recent years. A case-control study was performed to investigate risk factors for the development of DF/DHF in Hanoi. A total of 73 patients with DF/DHF and 73 control patients were included in the study. The risk factor analysis indicated that living in rented housing, living near uncovered sewers, and living in a house discharging sewage directly into to ponds were all significantly associated with DF/DHF. People living in rented houses were 2·2 times more at risk of DF/DHF than those living in their own homes [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2·2, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·1-4·6]. People living in an unhygienic house, or in a house discharging sewage directly to the ponds were 3·4 times and 4·3 times, respectively, more likely to be associated with DF/DHF (aOR 3·4, 95% CI 1-11·7; aOR 4·3, 95% CI 1·1-16·9). These results contribute to the understanding of the dynamics of dengue transmission in Hanoi, which is needed to implement dengue prevention and control programmes effectively and efficiently.
authors.affiliation: Hanoi Medical University, Institute of Training for Preventive Medicine and Public Health,Vietnam.
authors.forename: D T T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Toan
authors.affiliation: Hanoi Medical University, Institute of Training for Preventive Medicine and Public Health,Vietnam.
authors.forename: L N
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Hoat
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health and Social Work, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology,Australia.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: The Medical Committee Netherlands-Vietnam.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.affiliation: International Centre for Integrated Assessment and Sustainable Development,Maastricht University,Maastricht,The Netherlands.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Martens
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003715:Dengue / Q000453:epidemiology; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005260:Female; D006798:Housing / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012307:Risk Factors; D012499:Sanitation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D019595:Severe Dengue / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012722:Sewage / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014744:Vietnam / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D012722:Sewage
keywords: Hanoi