title: Promoter-based integration in plant defense regulation.
abstract: A key unanswered question in plant biology is how a plant regulates metabolism to maximize performance across an array of biotic and abiotic environmental stresses. In this study, we addressed the potential breadth of transcriptional regulation that can alter accumulation of the defensive glucosinolate metabolites in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). A systematic yeast one-hybrid study was used to identify hundreds of unique potential regulatory interactions with a nearly complete complement of 21 promoters for the aliphatic glucosinolate pathway. Conducting high-throughput phenotypic validation, we showed that >75% of tested transcription factor (TF) mutants significantly altered the accumulation of the defensive glucosinolates. These glucosinolate phenotypes were conditional upon the environment and tissue type, suggesting that these TFs may allow the plant to tune its defenses to the local environment. Furthermore, the pattern of TF/promoter interactions could partially explain mutant phenotypes. This work shows that defense chemistry within Arabidopsis has a highly intricate transcriptional regulatory system that may allow for the optimization of defense metabolite accumulation across a broad array of environments.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Plant Sciences (B.L., M.T., N.T.N. C.G., D.S.B., M.S., J.A.G., D.J.K.) and Plant Biology (A.G., M.T., M.T.-T., J.A.G., S.M.B.) and Genome Center (A.G., M.T., M.T.-T., J.A.G., S.M.B.), University of California, Davis, California 95616; andDynaMo Center of Excellence, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark (D.J.K.).
authors.forename: Baohua
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Departments of Plant Sciences (B.L., M.T., N.T.N. C.G., D.S.B., M.S., J.A.G., D.J.K.) and Plant Biology (A.G., M.T., M.T.-T., J.A.G., S.M.B.) and Genome Center (A.G., M.T., M.T.-T., J.A.G., S.M.B.), University of California, Davis, California 95616; andDynaMo Center of Excellence, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark (D.J.K.).
authors.forename: Allison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gaudinier
authors.affiliation: Departments of Plant Sciences (B.L., M.T., N.T.N. C.G., D.S.B., M.S., J.A.G., D.J.K.) and Plant Biology (A.G., M.T., M.T.-T., J.A.G., S.M.B.) and Genome Center (A.G., M.T., M.T.-T., J.A.G., S.M.B.), University of California, Davis, California 95616; andDynaMo Center of Excellence, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark (D.J.K.).
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Departments of Plant Sciences (B.L., M.T., N.T.N. C.G., D.S.B., M.S., J.A.G., D.J.K.) and Plant Biology (A.G., M.T., M.T.-T., J.A.G., S.M.B.) and Genome Center (A.G., M.T., M.T.-T., J.A.G., S.M.B.), University of California, Davis, California 95616; andDynaMo Center of Excellence, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark (D.J.K.).
authors.forename: Mallorie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taylor-Teeples
authors.affiliation: Departments of Plant Sciences (B.L., M.T., N.T.N. C.G., D.S.B., M.S., J.A.G., D.J.K.) and Plant Biology (A.G., M.T., M.T.-T., J.A.G., S.M.B.) and Genome Center (A.G., M.T., M.T.-T., J.A.G., S.M.B.), University of California, Davis, California 95616; andDynaMo Center of Excellence, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark (D.J.K.).
authors.forename: Ngoc T
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Nham
authors.affiliation: Departments of Plant Sciences (B.L., M.T., N.T.N. C.G., D.S.B., M.S., J.A.G., D.J.K.) and Plant Biology (A.G., M.T., M.T.-T., J.A.G., S.M.B.) and Genome Center (A.G., M.T., M.T.-T., J.A.G., S.M.B.), University of California, Davis, California 95616; andDynaMo Center of Excellence, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark (D.J.K.).
authors.forename: Cyrus
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ghaffari
authors.affiliation: Departments of Plant Sciences (B.L., M.T., N.T.N. C.G., D.S.B., M.S., J.A.G., D.J.K.) and Plant Biology (A.G., M.T., M.T.-T., J.A.G., S.M.B.) and Genome Center (A.G., M.T., M.T.-T., J.A.G., S.M.B.), University of California, Davis, California 95616; andDynaMo Center of Excellence, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark (D.J.K.).
authors.forename: Darik Scott
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Benson
authors.affiliation: Departments of Plant Sciences (B.L., M.T., N.T.N. C.G., D.S.B., M.S., J.A.G., D.J.K.) and Plant Biology (A.G., M.T., M.T.-T., J.A.G., S.M.B.) and Genome Center (A.G., M.T., M.T.-T., J.A.G., S.M.B.), University of California, Davis, California 95616; andDynaMo Center of Excellence, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark (D.J.K.).
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Steinmann
authors.affiliation: Departments of Plant Sciences (B.L., M.T., N.T.N. C.G., D.S.B., M.S., J.A.G., D.J.K.) and Plant Biology (A.G., M.T., M.T.-T., J.A.G., S.M.B.) and Genome Center (A.G., M.T., M.T.-T., J.A.G., S.M.B.), University of California, Davis, California 95616; andDynaMo Center of Excellence, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark (D.J.K.).
authors.forename: Jennifer A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.affiliation: Departments of Plant Sciences (B.L., M.T., N.T.N. C.G., D.S.B., M.S., J.A.G., D.J.K.) and Plant Biology (A.G., M.T., M.T.-T., J.A.G., S.M.B.) and Genome Center (A.G., M.T., M.T.-T., J.A.G., S.M.B.), University of California, Davis, California 95616; andDynaMo Center of Excellence, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark (D.J.K.).
authors.forename: Siobhan M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Brady
authors.affiliation: Departments of Plant Sciences (B.L., M.T., N.T.N. C.G., D.S.B., M.S., J.A.G., D.J.K.) and Plant Biology (A.G., M.T., M.T.-T., J.A.G., S.M.B.) and Genome Center (A.G., M.T., M.T.-T., J.A.G., S.M.B.), University of California, Davis, California 95616; andDynaMo Center of Excellence, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark (D.J.K.) kliebenstein@ucdavis.edu.
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Kliebenstein
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004777:Environment; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D053263:Gene Regulatory Networks; D005961:Glucosinolates / Q000378:metabolism*; D016254:Mutagenesis, Insertional; D010641:Phenotype; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D005961:Glucosinolates; D014157:Transcription Factors