title: The brown seaweed Sargassum hemiphyllum exhibits α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and enhances insulin release in vitro.
abstract: Diabetes is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases globally. In this study, major polyphenols (17.35 ± 0.93-36.66 ± 2.01 mg/g) and minor fucoxanthin (non detected 15.12 ± 0.09 mg/g) were isolated from water, ethanol, and acetone extracts (WES, EES, and AES, respectively) of Sargassum hemiphyllum. Inhibition of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, sucrose, and maltase activities and stimulation of insulin secretion was greater with AES than with WES or EES and correlated with polyphenol and fucoxanthin concentrations in extracts. Moreover, 250 μg/ml EES and AES significantly increased insulin secretion in the presence of 25 mg/ml glibenclamide to higher levels than those obtained with 50 mg/ml glibenclamide. None of the extracts exhibited cytotoxicity, exacerbated the side effects of glibenclamide, or inhibited glibenclamide-induced insulin secretion. These results suggested that the S. hemiphyllum extracts WES, EES, and AES could be used as pharmaceuticals and functional foods to reduce dosages of synthetic diabetes drugs.
authors.affiliation: Seafood Technology Division, Fisheries Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Keelung City, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Pai-An
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Yu-Lan
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.forename: Yi-Kuan
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Shih-Yung
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Chien
authors.forename: Zwe-Ling
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Kong