title: Professional behaviours and factors contributing to nursing professionalism among nurse managers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the perception of professional behaviours and factors contributing to nursing professionalism among nurse managers.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Professional behaviours influence nursing professionalisation and managers' behaviours strongly impact professional development. In Japan, few studies have examined professional nursing behaviours from the nurse managers' perspective.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Behavioural Inventory for Professionalism in Nursing was performed with 525 nurse managers representing 15 facilities in Japan.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The highest professional behaviours score obtained was 'competence and continuing education' and the lowest behavioural score was 'publication and communication'. The results demonstrate that higher nursing professionalism is related significantly to the increased length of nursing experience, a higher level of educational preparation and the current position as a nurse administrator.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrated that nursing professionalism is influenced by years of experience and nursing management education.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Awareness of extrinsic professional factors is important continually to maintain nursing professionalism. The findings of our study may help nurse managers to continue their self-development and to realise the potential of their nursing staff by developing professionalism. These findings also provide an understanding of international professionalism trends to achieve higher levels of nursing professionalism through the evaluation of professional nursing behaviours.
authors.affiliation: R&D Laboratory for Innovative Biotherapeutics Science, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Michiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Center for Medical Education and Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kikuko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Taketomi
authors.affiliation: R&D Laboratory for Innovative Biotherapeutics Science, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshikazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yonemitsu
authors.affiliation: Japan Nursing Association, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Rieko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kawamoto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000067289:Behavior Observation Techniques; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009718:Nurse Administrators / Q000592:standards*; D010465:Perception; D000068616:Professionalism
keywords: Japan; nurse manager; professional behaviour; professionalism