title: Boron attenuates malathion-induced oxidative stress and acetylcholinesterase inhibition in rats.
abstract: Organophosphorus compounds cause oxidative stress and lead to alterations in antioxidant status in organisms. In this study, the effects of subchronic exposure to malathion and the protective effects of boron (B) were evaluated in 48 Wistar rats, which were divided equally into six groups. For 28 d, the control group received a normal diet and tap water, the corn oil group received a normal diet and 0.5 mL of corn oil by gastric gavage and the malathion group received a normal diet and malathion (100 mg/kg/d) by gastric gavage. During the same period, each of the three other groups received a different dosage of B (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg/d, respectively) and malathion (100 mg/kg/d) by gastric gavage. Malathion administration during the period increased malondialdehyde, nitric oxide and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels, as well as markers of liver function, yet decreased acetylcholinesterase, reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities in blood, liver, kidney and brain tissues. Administration of B in a dose-dependent manner also reversed malathion-induced oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and antioxidant enzyme activity. Moreover, B exhibited protective action against malathion-induced histopathological changes in liver, kidney and brain tissues. These results demonstrate that, if used in a dose-dependent manner, B decreases malathion-induced oxidative stress, enhances the antioxidant defense mechanism and regenerates tissues in rats.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic, Faculty of Science and Art , Usak University , Usak , Turkey .
authors.forename: Funda Karabag
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: Coban
authors.affiliation: b Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology.
authors.forename: Sinan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ince
authors.affiliation: c Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Afyon Kocatepe University , Afyonkarahisar , Turkey .
authors.forename: Ismail
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kucukkurt
authors.affiliation: d Bayat Vocational School, Afyon Kocatepe University , Afyonkarahisar , Turkey , and.
authors.forename: Hasan Huseyin
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Demirel
authors.affiliation: e Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Art , Afyon Kocatepe University , Afyonkarahisar , Turkey.
authors.forename: Omer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hazman
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D001895:Boron / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008294:Malathion / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D005978:Glutathione; D001895:Boron; D008294:Malathion
keywords: Acetylcholinesterase; Malathion; boron; oxidative stress; rat