title: Antenatal diagnosis and treatment of hypothyroid fetal goiter in an euthyroid mother: a case report and review of literature.
abstract: Fetal goiter is an extremely rare complication of pregnancy. Its incidence is 1 in 40,000 deliveries. Antithyroid maternal therapy is responsible for 10-15% of fetal congenital hypothyroidism and can be considered as the most frequent underlying cause for this condition. The frequency of fetal goiter that is associated with fetal hypothyroidism and normal maternal thyroid function, as in our case, is even less frequent. Fetal goiter is associated with increased rate of perinatal complications and long-term morbidity, due to peripartum complications including labor dystocia due to its mass effect, as well as neonatal airway obstruction that may lead to hypoxic-ischemic brain injury and death. We present, in this study, a case report of late antenatal fetal goiter in an euthyroid woman and a literature review of the diagnosis and treatment of these cases.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Policlinico di Bari, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro" , Bari , Italy .
authors.forename: Salvatore Andrea
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Mastrolia
authors.affiliation: b Neonatal Intensive Care Unit .
authors.forename: Amarilla
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mandola
authors.affiliation: c Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology .
authors.forename: Moshe
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mazor
authors.affiliation: d US Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology .
authors.forename: Reli
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hershkovitz
authors.affiliation: e Department of Neonatology .
authors.forename: Oded
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Mesner
authors.affiliation: c Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology .
authors.forename: Ruthy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Beer-Weisel
authors.affiliation: c Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology .
authors.forename: Limor
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Besser
authors.affiliation: f Diagnostic Imaging Institute .
authors.forename: Ilan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Shelef
authors.affiliation: g Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism Unit , and.
authors.forename: Neta
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Loewenthal
authors.affiliation: b Neonatal Intensive Care Unit .
authors.forename: Agneta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Golan
authors.affiliation: h Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Faculty of Health Sciences , Soroka University Medical Center, School of Medicine, Ben Gurion University of the Negev , Beer Sheva , Israel.
authors.forename: Igor
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gruzman
authors.affiliation: c Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology .
authors.forename: Offer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Erez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003409:Congenital Hypothyroidism / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D046128:Fetal Therapies; D006042:Goiter / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis
keywords: Amniocentesis; intrauterine therapy; l-thyroxine; labor dystocia; polyhydramnios