title: Validation of an aggregate exposure model for substances in consumer products: a case study of diethyl phthalate in personal care products.
abstract: As personal care products (PCPs) are used in close contact with a person, they are a major source of consumer exposure to chemical substances contained in these products. The estimation of realistic consumer exposure to substances in PCPs is currently hampered by the lack of appropriate data and methods. To estimate aggregate exposure of consumers to substances contained in PCPs, a person-oriented consumer exposure model has been developed (the Probabilistic Aggregate Consumer Exposure Model, PACEM). The model simulates daily exposure in a population based on product use data collected from a survey among the Dutch population. The model is validated by comparing diethyl phthalate (DEP) dose estimates to dose estimates based on biomonitoring data. It was found that the model's estimates compared well with the estimates based on biomonitoring data. This suggests that the person-oriented PACEM model is a practical tool for assessing realistic aggregate exposures to substances in PCPs. In the future, PACEM will be extended with use pattern data on other product groups. This will allow for assessing aggregate exposure to substances in consumer products across different product groups.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Substances and Integrated Risk Assessment, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, RIVM, A. van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Christiaan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Delmaar
authors.affiliation: Centre for Substances and Integrated Risk Assessment, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, RIVM, A. van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Bas
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bokkers
authors.affiliation: Centre for Substances and Integrated Risk Assessment, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, RIVM, A. van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Wouter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: ter Burg
authors.affiliation: Centre for Substances and Integrated Risk Assessment, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, RIVM, A. van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Gerlienke
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schuur
mesh_terms: D003358:Cosmetics / Q000737:chemistry*; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D015233:Models, Statistical; D009426:Netherlands; D010795:Phthalic Acids / Q000032:analysis*; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D003358:Cosmetics; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D010795:Phthalic Acids; C007379:diethyl phthalate