title: Janus particles as artificial antigen-presenting cells for T cell activation.
abstract: Here we show that the multifunctionality of Janus particles can be exploited for in vitro T cell activation. We engineer bifunctional Janus particles on which the spatial distribution of two ligands, anti-CD3 and fibronectin, mimics the "bull's eye" protein pattern formed in the membrane junction between a T cell and an antigen-presenting cell. Different levels of T cell activation can be achieved by simply switching the spatial distribution of the two ligands on the surfaces of the "bull's eye" particles. We find that the ligand pattern also affects clustering of intracellular proteins. This study demonstrates that anisotropic particles, such as Janus particles, can be developed as artificial antigen-presenting cells for modulating T cell activation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yilong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Lucero
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sanchez
authors.forename: Stephen M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Anthony
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D058045:Artificial Cells / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001709:Biotechnology; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D054992:Immunological Synapses; D042541:Intracellular Space / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D018448:Models, Immunological; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002118:Calcium
keywords: Janus particles; T cell activation; artificial antigen-presenting cells; immunological synapse; ligand pattern; multifunctionality