title: Antidiabetic and antioxidant potency evaluation of different fractions obtained from Cucumis prophetarum fruit.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cucumis prophetarum Linn. (Cucurbitaceae) fruit is used for inflammatory-related problems and is proved to be possessing anticancer and hepatoprotective effects.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present investigation was to study the effect of different fractions of C. prophetarum on antidiabetic and antioxidant activity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Aqueous crude extract (CE) of C. prophetarum fruits was fractionated into water soluble fraction 1 (F1), chloroform fraction 2 (F2), basic fraction 3 (F3), and neutral fraction 4 (F4) by acid-base extraction. CE and its fractions at different doses (0.02-0.1 mg/mL) were subjected to antidiabetic (α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition assays) and antioxidant (DPPH, superoxide radical scavenging (SO) and metal chelation) evaluation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  F1 exhibited effective antidiabetic activity (p < 0.05) with an IC50 value of 20.6 and 59.9 µg/mL. The activity decreased in the order of CE > F4 > F3 > F2, according to α-amylase assay, which were the same, with the exception of the rank order of F4 and CE, as the α-glucosidase assay. Furthermore, F1 (IC50 = 73 µg/mL) showed better reducing ability than CE >F4 >F2 > F3 (IC50 = 78-272 µg/mL), according to the DPPH assay. In SO and metal chelation assays, F1 showed the highest activity (IC50 = 101 and 147 µg/mL), respectively; the activity decreased in the order of CE >F4 >F3 > F2 (IC50 = 126-469 µg/mL) for SO and 194-944 µg/mL for metal chelation assay.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicate that F1 possesses potent in vitro antidiabetic and antioxidant activities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Studies in Microbiology and.
authors.forename: Kavishankar
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gawli
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lakshmidevi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D028462:Cucumis; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods; D005638:Fruit; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013552:Swine; D000516:alpha-Amylases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000516:alpha-Amylases
keywords: Diabetes; fractionation; free radicals; isolation; separation