title: Interactions of Nitrosomonas europaea and Nitrobacter winogradskyi grown in co-culture.
abstract: Nitrosomonas europaea and Nitrobacter winogradskyi were grown singly and in co-culture in chemostats to probe for physiological differences between the two growth conditions. Co-culture growth medium containing 60 mM NH4 (+) resulted in a cell density (0.20-0.29 OD600) greater than the sum of the densities in single chemostat cultures, i.e., 0.09-0.14 OD600 for N. europaea with 60 mM NH4 (+)and 0.04-0.06 OD600 for N. winogradskyi with 60 mM NO2 (-). The NO2 (-)- and NH4 (+)-dependent O2 uptake rates, qRT-PCR, and microscopic observations indicated that in co-culture, N. europaea contributed ~0.20 OD600 (~80 %) and N. winogradskyi ~0.05 OD600 (~20 %). In co-culture, the transcriptomes showed that the mRNA levels of 773 genes in N. europaea (30.2 % of the genes) and of 372 genes in N. winogradskyi (11.8 % of the genes) changed significantly. Total cell growth and the analysis of the transcriptome revealed that in co-culture, N. europaea benefits more than N. winogradskyi.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pérez
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Buchanan
authors.forename: Brett
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mellbye
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ferrell
authors.forename: Jeffrey H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chaplen
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Bottomley
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Arp
authors.forename: Luis A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Sayavedra-Soto
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000378:metabolism; D058491:Bacterial Load; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D003470:Culture Media; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D056265:Microbial Interactions; D009068:Movement; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D009576:Nitrobacter / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D043370:Nitrosomonas europaea / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D009573:Nitrites; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D000641:Ammonia