title: Long-term evaluation of combined prolonged-release oxycodone and naloxone in patients with moderate-to-severe chronic pain: pooled analysis of extension phases of two Phase III trials.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  While opioids provide effective analgesia, opioid-induced constipation (OIC) can severely impact quality of life and treatment compliance. This pooled analysis evaluated the maintenance of efficacy and safety during long-term treatment with combined oxycodone/naloxone prolonged-release tablets (OXN PR) in adults with moderate-to-severe chronic pain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients (N = 474) received open-label OXN PR during 52-week extension phases of two studies, having completed 12-week, double-blind, randomized treatment with oxycodone prolonged-release tablets (Oxy PR) or OXN PR. Analgesia and bowel function were assessed at each study visit using 'Average pain over last 24 h scale and Bowel Function Index (BFI), respectively. Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication was assessed at study end only.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Improvement in bowel function was particularly marked in patients who switched from Oxy PR in the double-blind phase to OXN PR during the extension phase, resulting in a clinically meaningful reduction (≥12 points) in BFI score: at the start of the extension phases, mean (SD) BFI score was 44.3 (28.13), and was 29.8 (26.36) for patients who had received OXN PR in the double-blind phase. One week later, BFI scores were similar for the two groups (26.5 [24.40] and 27.5 [25.60], respectively), as was observed throughout the following months. Fewer than 10% of patients received laxatives regularly. Mean 24-h pain scores were low and stable throughout the extension phases. No unexpected adverse events were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pooled data demonstrate OXN PR is an effective long-term therapy for patients with chronic non-cancer pain, and can address symptoms of OIC. No new safety issues were observed which were attributable to the long-term administration of OXN PR.
authors.affiliation: Avondale Surgery, Chesterfield, UK.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blagden
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hafer
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Duerr
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hopp
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bosse
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D059350:Chronic Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003248:Constipation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009270:Naloxone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010098:Oxycodone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004338:Drug Combinations; C557247:oxycodone naloxone combination; D009270:Naloxone; D010098:Oxycodone
keywords: chronic pain; constipation; naloxone; opioid; oxycodone