title: Prevalence of urinary incontinence and its association with multimorbidity in women aged 50 years or older: A population-based study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the prevalence and associated risk factors for urinary incontinence, as well as its association with multimorbidity among Brazilian women aged 50 or over.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional population-based study including 622 women 50 years or older, conducted in the city of Campinas-SP-Brazil. The dependent variable was Urinary Incontinence (UI), defined as any complaint of urine loss. The independent variables were sociodemographic data, health-related habits, self-perception of health and functional capacity evaluation. Statistical analysis was carried out using the Chi-square test and Poisson regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of the women was 64. UI was prevalent in 52.3% of these women: Mixed UI (26.6%), Urge UI (13.2%) and Stress UI (12.4%). Factors associated with a higher prevalence of UI were hypertension (OR 1.21, CI 1:01-1:47, P = 0.004), osteoarthritis (OR 1.24, CI 1:03-1:50, P = 0.022), physical activity ≥3 days/week (OR 1.21, CI 1:01-1:44, P = 0.039), BMI ≥ 25 at the time of the interview (OR 1.25, CI 1:04-1:49, P = 0.018), negative self-perception of health (OR 1.23, CI 1:06-1:44 P = 0.007) and limitations in daily living activities (PR 1:56 CI 1:16-2:10, P = 0.004).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of UI was high. Mixed incontinence was the most frequent type of UI. Many associated factors can be prevented or improved. Thus, health policies targeted at these combined factors could reduce their prevalence rate and possibly decrease the prevalence of UI.
authors.affiliation: State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), School of Medicine, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Renata B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Reigota
authors.affiliation: State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), School of Medicine, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Adriana Orcesi
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Pedro
authors.affiliation: State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), School of Medicine, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: de Souza Santos Machado
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lúcia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Costa-Paiva
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aarão M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Pinto-Neto
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008019:Life Style; D008875:Middle Aged; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012649:Self Concept; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000453:epidemiology*
keywords: predictors; prevalence; risk factors; urinary incontinence; women