title: Mass spectrometric analysis of rat cerebrospinal fluid proteins following exposure to the neurotoxicant carbonyl sulfide.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Using a proteomic-based approach we have investigated possible altered expression of a range of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) proteins following exposure to the neurotoxicant carbonyl sulfide (COS). CSF is ideal for the investigation of markers of brain injury or disease since it is secreted from several central nervous system structures and changes in the CSF composition may reflect brain insult and many pathological processes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Animals were placed in exposure chambers and were exposed to 0 ppm or 500 ppm COS for 1, 2 or 3 days, 6 h per day. After the last inhalation exposure, 50-70 μL CSF sample was obtained by lumbar puncture. CSF samples were analyzed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) on either a Premier quadrupole time-of-flight (QTOF) or an Agilent 6340 ion trap and by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-MS on a 4800 MALDI-TOF/TOF analyzer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The dynamic range of abundance of the identified proteins spanned over more than three orders of magnitude. The four most abundant proteins identified (albumin, cystatin C, serotransferrin, transthyretin) are major proteins that are present in both CSF and blood at high levels but the fifth most abundant protein identified (prostaglandin H2D isomerase) is the second most abundant protein in human CSF and is secreted and synthesized in the rat central nervous system. No significant differences were observed between COS-treated CSF samples and the control CSF samples because of blood contamination.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Quantitative MS protein analyses of rat CSF is limited by the low sample volumes that can practicably be obtained from rats and the low protein concentrations in rat CSF. Results of this work suggest a clear need for CSF collection that would minimize blood contamination. Published in 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Structural Biology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH/DHHS, 111 T.W. Alexander Drive, PO Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Lardinois
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Kirby
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Sills
authors.forename: K B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Tomer
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Deterding
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002556:Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D019570:Inhalation Exposure; D008297:Male; D020258:Neurotoxicity Syndromes / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000209:etiology*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D020543:Proteome / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D040901:Proteomics; D051381:Rats; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods*; D013461:Sulfur Oxides / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D002556:Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins; D020543:Proteome; D013461:Sulfur Oxides; C010063:carbonyl sulfide