title: Endothelial dysfunction and preeclampsia: role of oxidative stress.
abstract: Preeclampsia (PE) is an often fatal pathology characterized by hypertension and proteinuria at the 20th week of gestation that affects 5-10% of the pregnancies. The problem is particularly important in developing countries in where the incidence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy is higher and maternal mortality rates are 20 times higher than those reported in developed countries. Risk factors for the development of PE include obesity, insulin resistance and hyperlipidemia that stimulate inflammatory cytokine release and oxidative stress leading to endothelial dysfunction (ED). However, how all these clinical manifestations concur to develop PE is still not very well understood. The related poor trophoblast invasion and uteroplacental artery remodeling described in PE, increases reactive oxygen species (ROS), hypoxia and ED. Here we aim to review current literature from research showing the interplay between oxidative stress, ED and PE to the outcomes of current clinical trials aiming to prevent PE with antioxidant supplementation.
authors.affiliation: Translational Biomedical Research Group, Biotechnology, Innovation and Technology Development, Cardiovascular Foundation of Colombia Floridablanca, Colombia ; Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Universidad del Valle Cali, Colombia.
authors.forename: Lissette C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Aranguren
authors.affiliation: Translational Biomedical Research Group, Biotechnology, Innovation and Technology Development, Cardiovascular Foundation of Colombia Floridablanca, Colombia ; Center for Genomic Medicine and Metabolism, Instituto del Corazón de Floridablanca, Cardiovascular Foundation of Colombia Floridablanca, Colombia ; Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Cincinnati, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Carlos E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Prada
authors.affiliation: Translational Biomedical Research Group, Biotechnology, Innovation and Technology Development, Cardiovascular Foundation of Colombia Floridablanca, Colombia ; Maternal-Fetal Medicine Program, Cardiovascular Foundation of Colombia Floridablanca, Colombia.
authors.forename: Carlos E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Riaño-Medina
authors.affiliation: Translational Biomedical Research Group, Biotechnology, Innovation and Technology Development, Cardiovascular Foundation of Colombia Floridablanca, Colombia ; Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Universidad del Valle Cali, Colombia.
authors.forename: Marcos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lopez
keywords: endothelial dysfunction; oxidative stress; preeclampsia; reactive oxygen species; superoxide