title: Religiously integrated cognitive behavioral therapy: a new method of treatment for major depression in patients with chronic medical illness.
abstract: Intervention studies have found that psychotherapeutic interventions that explicitly integrate clients' spiritual and religious beliefs in therapy are as effective, if not more so, in reducing depression than those that do not for religious clients. However, few empirical studies have examined the effectiveness of religiously (vs. spiritually) integrated psychotherapy, and no manualized mental health intervention had been developed for the medically ill with religious beliefs. To address this gap, we developed and implemented a novel religiously integrated adaptation of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for the treatment of depression in individuals with chronic medical illness. This article describes the development and implementation of the intervention. First, we provide a brief overview of CBT. Next, we describe how religious beliefs and behaviors can be integrated into a CBT framework. Finally, we describe Religiously Integrated Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (RCBT), a manualized therapeutic approach designed to assist depressed individuals to develop depression-reducing thoughts and behaviors informed by their own religious beliefs, practices, and resources. This treatment approach has been developed for 5 major world religions (Christianity, Judaism, Islam, Buddhism, and Hinduism), increasing its potential to aid the depressed medically ill from a variety of religious backgrounds.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, University of Maryland.
authors.forename: Michelle J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Pearce
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center.
authors.forename: Harold G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Koenig
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center.
authors.forename: Clive J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Robins
authors.affiliation: Innovative Healthcare Research Consortium.
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.affiliation: Innovative Healthcare Research Consortium.
authors.forename: Sally F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.affiliation: Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center.
authors.forename: Harvey J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.affiliation: Mental Health Sciences Unit, University College.
authors.forename: Michael B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: King
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000628:therapy; D012069:Religion and Psychology; D016896:Treatment Outcome