title: Neurocognitive insight and executive functioning in schizophrenia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study explored whether integrity of executive functioning is required for good neurocognitive insight (NI) in subjects with schizophrenia.
  
  
  METHODS
  NI was measured by subtracting executive difficulties (errors in the Modified Card Sorting Task) from executive cognitive complaints (Subjective Scale to Investigate Cognition in Schizophrenia) in 40 outpatients with schizophrenia and 42 normal controls. The schizophrenia sample was a priori divided into two subgroups on the basis of executive level. Multivariate analyses were conducted to compare groups and to control for potential confounding factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only the schizophrenia dysexecutive subgroup had a poorer NI compared to normal controls. Group differences remained significant after adjustment for potential confounding factors (education, depression, anxiety and self-esteem).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results provide support for the hypothesis that executive dysfunctioning is a limiting factor for NI, independently from depressive and anxiety symptoms.
authors.affiliation: a "Psychologie, Santé et Qualité de vie" , Univ Bordeaux , EA 4139, F-33000 , Bordeaux , France.
authors.forename: Antoinette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Prouteau
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Atzeni
authors.forename: Hélène
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tastet
authors.forename: Valérie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bergua
authors.forename: Jean-Marc
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Destaillats
authors.forename: Hélène
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Verdoux
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001007:Anxiety / Q000150:complications; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003071:Cognition; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D015986:Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications; D004522:Educational Status; D056344:Executive Function; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011340:Problem Solving; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012649:Self Concept
keywords: cognition; cognitive complaint; mental flexibility; self-awareness