title: Pantanalinema gen. nov. and Alkalinema gen. nov.: novel pseudanabaenacean genera (Cyanobacteria) isolated from saline-alkaline lakes.
abstract: The genus Leptolyngbya Anagnostidis & Komárek (1988) was described from a set of strains identified as 'LPP-group B'. The morphology within this group is not particularly informative and underestimates the group's genetic diversity. In the present study, two new pseudanabaenacean genera related to Leptolyngbya morphotypes, Pantanalinema gen. nov. and Alkalinema gen. nov., are described under the provisions of the International Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi and Plants, based on a polyphasic approach. Pantanalinema gen. nov. (type species Pantanalinema rosaneae sp. nov.) has sheaths and trichomes with slight gliding motility, which distinguish this genus from Alkalinema gen. nov. (type species Alkalinema pantanalense sp. nov.), which possesses trichomes arranged in an ornate (interwoven) pattern. 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains of Pantanalinema and Alkalinema exhibited low identity to each other (≤91.6 %) and to other sequences from known pseudanabaenacean genera (≤94.3 and 93.7 %, respectively). In a phylogenetic reconstruction, six sequences from strains of Pantanalinema and four from strains of Alkalinema formed two separate and robust clades (99 % bootstrap value), with the genera Oculatella and Phormidesmis, respectively, as the closest related groups. 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer sequences and secondary structures of strains of Pantanalinema and Alkalinema did not correspond to any previous descriptions. The strains of Pantanalinema and Alkalinema were able to survive and produce biomass at a range of pH (pH 4-11) and were also able to alter the culture medium to pH values ranging from pH 8.4 to 9.9. These data indicate that cyanobacterial communities in underexplored environments, such as the Pantanal wetlands, are promising sources of novel taxa.
authors.affiliation: University of São Paulo, Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, Avenida Centenário 303, 13400-970 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcelo Gomes Marçal Vieira
authors.initials: MGMV
authors.lastname: Vaz
authors.affiliation: University of São Paulo, Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, Avenida Centenário 303, 13400-970 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Diego Bonaldo
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Genuário
authors.affiliation: University of São Paulo, Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, Avenida Centenário 303, 13400-970 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Paula Dini
authors.initials: APD
authors.lastname: Andreote
authors.affiliation: Institute of Botany, Phycology Research Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Camila Francieli Silva
authors.initials: CFS
authors.lastname: Malone
authors.affiliation: Institute of Botany, Phycology Research Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Célia Leite
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Sant'Anna
authors.affiliation: IRD, CNRS, UPS, OMP, Géoscience Environnement Toulouse, 19 Av. Edouard Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France.|University of São Paulo, Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, Avenida Centenário 303, 13400-970 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Barbiero
authors.affiliation: University of São Paulo, Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, Avenida Centenário 303, 13400-970 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marli Fátima
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Fiore
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001483:Base Sequence; D001938:Brazil; D000458:Cyanobacteria / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000235:genetics; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D060106:Lakes / Q000382:microbiology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D054712:Salinity; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012965:Sodium Chloride
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D012965:Sodium Chloride