title: Feasibility and acceptability of a resilience training program for intensive care unit nurses.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The critical nursing shortage is particularly apparent in specialty areas such as intensive care units (ICUs). Some nurses develop resilient coping strategies and adapt to stressful work experiences, mitigating the development of common maladaptive psychological symptoms.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine if a multimodal resilience training program for ICU nurses was feasible to perform and acceptable to the study participants.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a randomized and controlled 12-week intervention study, treatment and control groups completed demographic questions and measures of resilience, anxiety, depression, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and burnout syndrome before and after the intervention. The intervention included a 2-day educational workshop, written exposure sessions, event-triggered counseling sessions, mindfulness-based stress reduction exercises, and a protocolized aerobic exercise regimen. Nurses in the intervention arm also completed satisfaction surveys for each component of the intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This mulitmodal resilience training program was feasible to conduct and acceptable to ICU nurses. Both nurses randomized to the treatment group and nurses randomized to the control group showed a significant decrease in PTSD symptom score after the intervention.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A multifaceted resilience training program for ICU nurses was both feasible and acceptable. A sufficiently powered, randomized clinical trial is needed to assess the effect of the intervention on improving individuals' level of resilience and improving psychological outcomes such as symptoms of anxiety, depression, burnout syndrome, and PTSD.
authors.affiliation: Meredith Mealer is an assistant professor and Marc Moss is a professor in the Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado. David Conrad is an instructor for JFK Partners, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine. John Evans and Karen Jooste are integrative health coaches at Duke Integrative Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina. Janet Solyntjes is an adjunct professor at Naropa University, Boulder, Colorado. Barbara Rothbaum is a professor in the Department of Psychiatry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia. Meredith.Mealer@ucdenver.edu.
authors.forename: Meredith
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mealer
authors.affiliation: Meredith Mealer is an assistant professor and Marc Moss is a professor in the Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado. David Conrad is an instructor for JFK Partners, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine. John Evans and Karen Jooste are integrative health coaches at Duke Integrative Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina. Janet Solyntjes is an adjunct professor at Naropa University, Boulder, Colorado. Barbara Rothbaum is a professor in the Department of Psychiatry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Conrad
authors.affiliation: Meredith Mealer is an assistant professor and Marc Moss is a professor in the Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado. David Conrad is an instructor for JFK Partners, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine. John Evans and Karen Jooste are integrative health coaches at Duke Integrative Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina. Janet Solyntjes is an adjunct professor at Naropa University, Boulder, Colorado. Barbara Rothbaum is a professor in the Department of Psychiatry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.affiliation: Meredith Mealer is an assistant professor and Marc Moss is a professor in the Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado. David Conrad is an instructor for JFK Partners, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine. John Evans and Karen Jooste are integrative health coaches at Duke Integrative Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina. Janet Solyntjes is an adjunct professor at Naropa University, Boulder, Colorado. Barbara Rothbaum is a professor in the Department of Psychiatry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jooste
authors.affiliation: Meredith Mealer is an assistant professor and Marc Moss is a professor in the Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado. David Conrad is an instructor for JFK Partners, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine. John Evans and Karen Jooste are integrative health coaches at Duke Integrative Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina. Janet Solyntjes is an adjunct professor at Naropa University, Boulder, Colorado. Barbara Rothbaum is a professor in the Department of Psychiatry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Solyntjes
authors.affiliation: Meredith Mealer is an assistant professor and Marc Moss is a professor in the Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado. David Conrad is an instructor for JFK Partners, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine. John Evans and Karen Jooste are integrative health coaches at Duke Integrative Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina. Janet Solyntjes is an adjunct professor at Naropa University, Boulder, Colorado. Barbara Rothbaum is a professor in the Department of Psychiatry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rothbaum
authors.affiliation: Meredith Mealer is an assistant professor and Marc Moss is a professor in the Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado. David Conrad is an instructor for JFK Partners, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine. John Evans and Karen Jooste are integrative health coaches at Duke Integrative Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina. Janet Solyntjes is an adjunct professor at Naropa University, Boulder, Colorado. Barbara Rothbaum is a professor in the Department of Psychiatry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moss
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D002055:Burnout, Professional / Q000517:prevention & control; D003376:Counseling / Q000379:methods; D064648:Critical Care Nursing / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000517:prevention & control*; D064866:Mindfulness / Q000379:methods; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D015397:Program Evaluation / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055500:Resilience, Psychological; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000517:prevention & control