title: Pharmacological Intervention through Dietary Nutraceuticals in Gastrointestinal Neoplasia.
abstract: Neoplastic conditions associated with gastrointestinal (GI) tract are common worldwide with colorectal cancer alone accounting for the third leading rate of cancer incidence. Other GI malignancies such as esophageal carcinoma have shown an increasing trend in the last few years. The poor survival statistics of these fatal cancer diseases highlight the need for multiple alternative treatment options along with effective prophylactic strategies. Worldwide geographical variation in cancer incidence indicates a correlation between dietary habits and cancer risk. Epidemiological studies have suggested that populations with high intake of certain dietary agents in their regular meals have lower cancer rates. Thus, an impressive embodiment of evidence supports the concept that dietary factors are key modulators of cancer including those of GI origin. Preclinical studies on animal models of carcinogenesis have reflected the pharmacological significance of certain dietary agents called as nutraceuticals in the chemoprevention of GI neoplasia. These include stilbenes (from red grapes and red wine), isoflavones (from soy), carotenoids (from tomatoes), curcuminoids (from spice turmeric), catechins (from green tea), and various other small plant metabolites (from fruits, vegetables, and cereals). Pleiotropic action mechanisms have been reported for these diet-derived chemopreventive agents to retard, block, or reverse carcinogenesis. This review presents a prophylactic approach to primary prevention of GI cancers by highlighting the translational potential of plant-derived nutraceuticals from epidemiological, laboratory, and clinical studies, for the better management of these cancers through consumption of nutraceutical rich diets and their intervention in cancer therapeutics.
authors.affiliation: a Prince Fahad Research Chair , Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk , Tabuk , Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mohammad F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Ullah
authors.affiliation: a Prince Fahad Research Chair , Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk , Tabuk , Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Showket H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Bhat
authors.affiliation: a Prince Fahad Research Chair , Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk , Tabuk , Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Eram
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Husain
authors.affiliation: a Prince Fahad Research Chair , Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk , Tabuk , Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Faisel
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Abu-Duhier
authors.affiliation: b Department of Biochemistry , Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University , Uttar Pradesh , India.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hadi
authors.affiliation: c Department of Pathology , Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit , Michigan USA.
authors.forename: Fazlul H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Sarkar
authors.affiliation: c Department of Pathology , Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit , Michigan USA.
authors.forename: Aamir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahmad
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D002338:Carotenoids; D003474:Curcumin; D004032:Diet; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D007529:Isoflavones; D013267:Stilbenes
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D007529:Isoflavones; D013267:Stilbenes; D002338:Carotenoids; D003474:Curcumin
keywords: Gastric neoplasm; aberrant cryptic foci; chemoprevention; clinical trials; colon cancer; curcumin; epigallocatechin-3-gallate; gamma-amino butyric acid; lycopene; nutraceutical; pharmacological intervention; resveratrol