title: Is there a linear relationship between the dose of ruminant trans-fatty acids and cardiovascular risk markers in healthy subjects: results from a systematic review and meta-regression of randomised clinical trials.
abstract: The effects of ruminant (R) trans-fatty acids (TFA) on the risk of CVD are still under debate. It could be argued that the lack of the effect of R-TFA may be the result of the small amount of their intake. Taking into consideration the growing available data from intervention studies, we carried out a systematic review and meta-regression to assess the impact of R-TFA intake levels on changes in the total cholesterol: HDL-cholesterol (TC:HDL-C) ratio. A systematic review of the literature was conducted and thirteen randomised clinical trials were included, yielding a total of twenty-three independent experimental groups of subjects. A univariate random-effects meta-regression approach was used to quantify the relationship between the dose of R-TFA and changes in the TC:HDL-C ratio. To consider several potential modifiers such as subject and dietary characteristics, a multivariate regression analysis was performed. We found no relationship between R-TFA intake levels of up to 4.19% of daily energy intake (EI) and changes in cardiovascular risk factors such as TC:HDL-C and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C):HDL-C ratios. In addition, a multivariate regression analysis that included other dietary variables, as well as subject baseline characteristics, confirmed that doses of R-TFA did not significantly influence the changes in the lipid ratio. Our findings showed that doses of R-TFA did not influence the changes in the ratios of plasma TC:HDL-C and LDL-C:HDL-C. These data suggest that TFA from natural sources, at least at the current levels of intake and up to 4.19% EI, have no adverse effects on these key CVD risk markers in healthy people.
authors.affiliation: CNIEL,42 rue de Châteaudun,75009Paris,France.
authors.forename: Constance
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gayet-Boyer
authors.affiliation: CNIEL,42 rue de Châteaudun,75009Paris,France.
authors.forename: Fanny
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tenenhaus-Aziza
authors.affiliation: CNIEL,42 rue de Châteaudun,75009Paris,France.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Prunet
authors.affiliation: CNIEL,42 rue de Châteaudun,75009Paris,France.
authors.forename: Corinne
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marmonier
authors.affiliation: Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, UNH,BP 10448,F-63000Clermont-Ferrand,France.
authors.forename: Corinne
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Malpuech-Brugère
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Laval University,Québec,QC,Canada.
authors.forename: Benoit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lamarche
authors.affiliation: Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, UNH,BP 10448,F-63000Clermont-Ferrand,France.
authors.forename: Jean-Michel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Chardigny
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D004032:Diet; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D012418:Ruminants; D044242:Trans Fatty Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D044242:Trans Fatty Acids; D002784:Cholesterol