title: Retrospective cohort study of prognostic factors in patients with oral cavity and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Prognostic factors in oral cavity and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are debated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of prognostic factors with oncologic outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with oral cavity and oropharyngeal SCC treated from 1997 to 2012 were included in this retrospective cohort study. Associations of prognostic factors with locoregional recurrence (LRR) or overall survival (OS) were analyzed using the logistic regression and the Cox models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six hundred thirty-four patients were included in this study; tumor size, surgical margins, and N classification were associated with LRR (p < .0001); considering histopathology: perineural invasion, lymphocytic infiltration, infiltrative borders, and N classification were significant determinants of LRR. Tumor size, N classification, alcoholism, and surgical margins were associated with OS (p < .0001); considering pathologic prognostic factors, perivascular invasion, islands borders, and surgical margins were independently associated with OS (p < .0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Surgical margins, perineural and perivascular invasion, lymphocytic infiltration, and infiltrative patterns of tumor invasion are significant prognostic factors in oral cavity and oropharyngeal SCC.
authors.affiliation: Head and Neck Department, Surgery Division, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: José F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Carrillo
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Division, Surgery Division, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Liliana C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Carrillo
authors.affiliation: Pathology Department, Surgery Division, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cano
authors.affiliation: Research Division, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología (INCan), Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Margarita C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Ramirez-Ortega
authors.affiliation: Pathology Department, Surgery Division, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Jorge G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Chanona
authors.affiliation: Pathology Department, Surgery Division, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Avilés
authors.affiliation: Pathology Department, Surgery Division, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Herrera-Goepfert
authors.affiliation: Head and Neck Department, Surgery Division, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Corona-Rivera
authors.affiliation: Surgery Division, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Francisco J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Ochoa-Carrillo
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Division, Surgery Division, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Luis F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Oñate-Ocaña
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009055:Mouth / Q000473:pathology*; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology; D009959:Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: head and neck cancer; oral cavity carcinoma; oropharyngeal carcinoma; prognostic factors; surgical margins