title: A eukaryotic expression plasmid carrying chicken interleukin-18 enhances the response to newcastle disease virus vaccine.
abstract: Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is an important cytokine involved in innate and acquired immunity. In this study, we cloned the full-length chicken IL-18 (ChIL-18) gene from specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicken embryo spleen cells and provided evidence that the ChIL-18 gene in a recombinant plasmid was successfully expressed in chicken DT40 cells. ChIL-18 significantly enhanced gamma interferon (IFN-γ) mRNA expression in chicken splenocytes, which increased IFN-γ-induced nitric oxide (NO) synthesis by macrophages. The potential genetic adjuvant activity of the ChIL-18 plasmid was examined in chickens by coinjecting ChIL-18 plasmid and inactivated Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccine. ChIL-18 markedly elevated serum hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titers and anti-hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (anti-HN)-specific antibody levels, induced the secretion of both Th1- (IFN-γ) and Th2- (interleukin-4) type cytokines, promoted the proliferation of T and B lymphocytes, and increased the populations of CD3(+) T cells and their subsets, CD3(+) CD4(+) and CD3(+) CD8(+) T cells. Furthermore, a virus challenge revealed that ChIL-18 contributed to protection against Newcastle disease virus challenge. Taken together, our data indicate that the coadministration of ChIL-18 plasmid and NDV vaccine induces a strong immune response at both the humoral and cellular levels and that ChIL-18 is a novel immunoadjuvant suitable for NDV vaccination.
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China wangchen2001@126.com xiangchaoc1966@126.com.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
authors.forename: Xiaokang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
authors.forename: Chunjie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
authors.forename: Tingcai
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
authors.forename: Yinju
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China wangchen2001@126.com xiangchaoc1966@126.com.
authors.forename: Xiangchao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002645:Chickens; D015870:Gene Expression; D006385:Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; D020382:Interleukin-18 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009521:Newcastle Disease / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000276:immunology; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D020382:Interleukin-18; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated; D014765:Viral Vaccines