title: Apelin-13 attenuates traumatic brain injury-induced damage by suppressing autophagy.
abstract: The adipocytokine apelin is a peptide, Apelin and its receptor are abundantly expressed in the nervous and cardiovascular systems. Previous studies had found apelin-13 reduces brain injuries and postischemic cerebral edema through blocking programmed cell death, Apelin-13 is also able to inhibit glucose deprivation induced cardiomyocyte autophagy in a concentration dependent fashion. To observe the effect of Apelin-13 on the brain injury induced by traumatic brain injury (TBI), and explore the effect of Apelin-13 on autophagy in TBI, We performed The neurological test, and the numbers of TBI-induced neural cell death were also counted by propidium iodide labeling. At last, the autophagy associated proteins LC3, Beclin-1, Bcl-2, p62 were also assessed with western-blotting. Compared with saline vehicle groups, the neural cell death, lesion volume, and neural dysfunction were attenuated by apelin-13 after TBI. In additionally, Apelin-13 also reversed TBI induced downregulation of LC3, Beclin-1, Bcl-2, p62 expression, compared with saline vehicle groups, at 24 and 48 h post TBI. Apelin-13 attenuates TBI induced brain damage by suppressing autophagy. All these results revealed that Apelin-13 suppressed autophagy. The autophagy may be involved in the mechanism of Apelin-13 rescue the subsequent damaged neuron in TBI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical College, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou Yunlong Town, Xuzhou, China, bahajun@163.com.
authors.forename: Hai-Jun
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Wen-Can
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Ding-Kun
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Dai
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001343:Autophagy / Q000187:drug effects*; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000523:psychology; D002452:Cell Count; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000473:pathology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000473:pathology; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning; D051379:Mice; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C495199:apelin-13 peptide