title: Effect of temperature on the development and survival of immature stages of the carambola fruit fly, Bactrocera carambolae, and the Asian papaya fruit fly, Bactrocera papayae, reared on guava diet.
abstract: Members of the Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel (Diptera: Tephritidae) complex constitute well-recognized destructive pests of fruits in peninsular Thailand. The development and survival of immature stages of the carambola fruit fly, Bactrocera carambolae Drew & Hancock, and the Asian papaya fruit fly, Bactrocera papayae Drew & Hancock, were compared at six constant temperatures of 15, 20, 25, 27, 30, and 35°C, 70 ± 5% relative humidity, and a photoperiod of 12:12 (L:D). The objectives were to determine the effect of temperature on the developmental stages for optimizing rearing and to understand the geographical pattern of occurrence of these fruit fly species. A strong and positive linear relationship was observed between temperature and developmental rate of immature stages of B. carambolae. Similarly, a strong and positive linear relationship was observed between temperature and developmental rate of B. papayae. A temperature summation model was used to estimate the lower threshold temperature and the thermal constant. Bactrocera papayae was significantly faster in development and higher in survival and appeared to be better adapted to low temperatures than B. carambolae, as it exhibited the lowest threshold temperatures at all immature stages. The observed differences in response to various temperatures revealed to some extent the impact of temperature on these species' distribution in peninsular Thailand and other parts of the world.
authors.affiliation: Department of Crop Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, P.M.B 11, Lapai, Niger State, Nigeria Department of Pest Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand 90112 dansolo95@ibbu.edu.ng.
authors.forename: Solomon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Danjuma
authors.affiliation: Department of Pest Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand 90112.
authors.forename: Narit
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Thaochan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pest Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand 90112.
authors.forename: Surakrai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Permkam
authors.affiliation: Current address: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand 90112.
authors.forename: Chutamas
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Satasook
mesh_terms: D063147:Animal Distribution; D000818:Animals; D008018:Life Cycle Stages; D031647:Psidium; D013045:Species Specificity; D013696:Temperature; D033621:Tephritidae / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D013785:Thailand
keywords: Tephritidae; linear model; peninsular Thailand; thermal constant