title: [Acute injury of the trachea by argon plasma coagulation and cryoablation in a canine model].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To observe the damage depth on normal canine trachea by using argon plasma coagulation (APC) at different power settings or cryoablation with different freezing duration , and to discuss the efficacy and safety of these different treatments.
  
  
  METHODS
  APC (the power settings were 30 W and 60 W) and cryoablation (the freezing durations were 30 s and 60 s) were performed on the trachea of 8 dogs. The animals were killed 48 h after the treatment. The tracheal specimens were processed and divided into 5 groups: Cryoablation 30 s (Group A) , Cryoablation 60 s (Group B), APC 30 W (Group C), APC 60 W (Group D) and the control group. Gross observation, histopathological study and electron microscopic examination were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The tracheal injury in Group A and Group B reached the shallow part of airway cartilage layer, and 2 in Group B reached the deep part of airway cartilage layer. In Group A, cartilage cell degeneration could be seen, but in Group B, cartilage cell degeneration was worse and even necrosis was found. In Group C, the damage depth also reached the shallow part of the cartilage layer and necrosis of cartilage cells could be seen. In Group D, the damage depth reached the deep part of airway cartilage layer and even outer membrane of the trachea. More necrosis of cartilage cells was found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When using cryoablation or APC with normal parameters, the injury in normal canine trachea could reach the shallow part of cartilage layer and cartilage cell degeneration could occur. When using APC 60 W, damage depth could reach the deep part of cartilage layer and even outer membrane of the trachea, leading to cartilage cell necrosis and even irreversible damage on airways. Therefore, it is highly recommended that, when managing lesions adjacent to or in the airway wall, APC ablation should be avoided and cryoablation time should be controlled within 30 s.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: Yingying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China. Email: zhangjie6218@163.com.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: Yinghua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pei
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: Yuling
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: Chenyang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D057908:Argon Plasma Coagulation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002356:Cartilage / Q000473:pathology; D003452:Cryosurgery / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004285:Dogs; D023421:Models, Animal; D014132:Trachea / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology