title: Streptozotocin-induced type-1-diabetes disease onset in Sprague-Dawley rats is associated with an altered intestinal microbiota composition and decreased diversity.
abstract: There is a growing appreciation that microbiota composition can significantly affect host health and play a role in disease onset and progression. This study assessed the impact of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type-1-diabetes (T1D) on intestinal microbiota composition and diversity in Sprague-Dawley rats, compared with healthy controls over time. T1D was induced by injection of a single dose (60 mg STZ kg(-1)) of STZ, administered via the intraperitoneal cavity. Total DNA was isolated from faecal pellets at weeks 0 (pre-STZ injection), 1, 2 and 4 and from caecal content at week 5 from both healthy and T1D groups. High-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing was employed to investigate intestinal microbiota composition. The data revealed that although intestinal microbiota composition between the groups was similar at week 0, a dramatic impact of T1D development on the microbiota was apparent post-STZ injection and for up to 5 weeks. Most notably, T1D onset was associated with a shift in the Bacteroidetes : Firmicutes ratio (P<0.05), while at the genus level, increased proportions of lactic acid producing bacteria such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium were associated with the later stages of T1D progression (P<0.05). Coincidently, T1D increased caecal lactate levels (P<0.05). Microbial diversity was also reduced following T1D (P<0.05). Principle co-ordinate analyses demonstrated temporal clustering in T1D and control groups with distinct separation between groups. The results provide a comprehensive account of how T1D is associated with an altered intestinal microbiota composition and reduced microbial diversity over time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University College Cork, Co. Cork, Ireland.|Teagasc Food Research Centre, Food Biosciences Department, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland.|Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Co. Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: Elaine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Patterson
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University College Cork, Co. Cork, Ireland.|Teagasc Food Research Centre, Food Biosciences Department, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland.|Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Co. Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: Tatiana M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Marques
authors.affiliation: Teagasc Food Research Centre, Food Biosciences Department, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland.|Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Co. Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: Orla
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: O'Sullivan
authors.affiliation: Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Co. Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fitzgerald
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University College Cork, Co. Cork, Ireland.|Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Co. Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: Gerald F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Fitzgerald
authors.affiliation: Teagasc Food Research Centre, Food Biosciences Department, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland.|Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Co. Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: Paul D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Cotter
authors.affiliation: Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Co. Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: Timothy G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Dinan
authors.affiliation: Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Co. Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: John F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Cryan
authors.affiliation: Teagasc Food Research Centre, Food Biosciences Department, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland.|Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Co. Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stanton
authors.affiliation: Teagasc Food Research Centre, Food Biosciences Department, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland.|Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Co. Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: R Paul
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Ross
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D044822:Biodiversity; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000209:etiology*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000209:etiology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018450:Disease Progression; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000378:metabolism; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology*; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008297:Male; D054892:Metagenome; D064307:Microbiota; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013311:Streptozocin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D019344:Lactic Acid; D013311:Streptozocin