title: Effectiveness of safety-engineered devices in reducing sharp object injuries.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sharps injuries remain a common factor in occupational exposure of healthcare workers to blood-borne viruses. The extent to which the introduction of safety-engineered devices has been effective in reducing such injuries among healthcare workers is unclear.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the incidence of sharp object injury among healthcare workers in the Capital Health Region of Alberta, Canada and to determine the effectiveness of the introduction of safety- engineered devices in preventing these.
  
  
  METHODS
  All reports of sharp object injuries to Capital Region Workplace Health and Safety offices from healthcare workers 2003-10 were analysed. Rates of sharp object injury were compared before (2006), during (2007-08) and after (2009-10) the introduction of safety-engineered devices, adjusting for other potential risk factors using Poisson regression and log-linear models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Between 2003 and 2010, a total of 4707 sharp object injuries were reported from 15 healthcare facilities. The sharp object injury rate per 1000 full-time equivalent employees per year declined from 35 before the introduction period to 30 during the introduction period (rate ratio [RR]: 0.88, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.78, 0.99) among most healthcare workers, but then rebounded again slightly after the intervention. Physician risks showed little change during the period of introduction (odds ratio [OR]: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.85, 1.14) but decreased significantly after the intervention (OR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.71, 0.97).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The introduction of safety-engineered devices was associated with a modest reduction in reported sharp object injuries but this appeared to be relatively short-lived for most workers.
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1C9, Canada.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1C9, Canada.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Senthilselvan
authors.affiliation: Infection Prevention and Hospital Epidemiology, Royal Alexandra Hospital and University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T5H 3V9, Canada.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Joffe
authors.affiliation: Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2T4, Canada. beach@ualberta.ca.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Beach
mesh_terms: D000416:Alberta / Q000453:epidemiology; D004869:Equipment Safety / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004864:Equipment and Supplies / Q000592:standards*; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D006282:Health Personnel / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D016602:Needlestick Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
keywords: Hospital staff; needlestick injuries; occupational health law; safety-engineered devices.