title: The lysine 65 residue in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase function and in nucleoside analog drug resistance.
abstract: Mutations in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) that confer nucleoside analog RT inhibitor resistance have highlighted the functional importance of several active site residues (M184, Q151 and K65) in RT catalytic function. Of these, K65 residue is notable due to its pivotal position in the dNTP-binding pocket, its involvement in nucleoside analog resistance and polymerase fidelity. This review focuses on K65 residue and summarizes a substantial body of biochemical and structural studies of its role in RT function and the functional consequences of the K65R mutation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA. scott.garforth@einstein.yu.edu.
authors.forename: Scott J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Garforth
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA. scott.garforth@einstein.yu.edu.
authors.forename: Chisanga
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lwatula
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA. vinayaka.prasad@einstein.yu.edu.
authors.forename: Vinayaka R
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Prasad
mesh_terms: D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D020134:Catalytic Domain; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008239:Lysine / Q000378:metabolism; D008958:Models, Molecular; D020125:Mutation, Missense; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; C514824:reverse transcriptase, Human immunodeficiency virus 1; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase; D008239:Lysine