title: Standardized full-field electroretinography in the Green Monkey (Chlorocebus sabaeus).
abstract: Full-field electroretinography is an objective measure of retinal function, serving as an important diagnostic clinical tool in ophthalmology for evaluating the integrity of the retina. Given the similarity between the anatomy and physiology of the human and Green Monkey eyes, this species has increasingly become a favorable non-human primate model for assessing ocular defects in humans. To test this model, we obtained full-field electroretinographic recordings (ERG) and normal values for standard responses required by the International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision (ISCEV). Photopic and scotopic ERG recordings were obtained by full-field stimulation over a range of 6 log units of intensity in dark-adapted or light-adapted eyes of adult Green Monkeys (Chlorocebus sabaeus). Intensity, duration, and interval of light stimuli were varied separately. Reproducible values of amplitude and latency were obtained for the a- and b-waves, under well-controlled adaptation and stimulus conditions; the i-wave was also easily identifiable and separated from the a-b-wave complex in the photopic ERG. The recordings obtained in the healthy Green Monkey matched very well with those in humans and other non-human primate species (Macaca mulatta and Macaca fascicularis). These results validate the Green Monkey as an excellent non-human primate model, with potential to serve for testing retinal function following various manipulations such as visual deprivation or drug evaluation.
authors.affiliation: School of Optometry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bouskila
authors.affiliation: School of Optometry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Pasha
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Javadi
authors.affiliation: Behavioral Science Foundation, Basseterre, St. Kitts, West Indies; Departments of Psychiatry and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Roberta M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Palmour
authors.affiliation: School of Optometry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Bouchard
authors.affiliation: School of Optometry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; BRAINlab and Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Maurice
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ptito
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D055253:Color Vision / Q000502:physiology; D003623:Dark Adaptation / Q000502:physiology; D004596:Electroretinography / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D055254:Night Vision / Q000502:physiology; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D012015:Reference Standards; D013997:Time Factors; D014794:Visual Fields / Q000502:physiology*