title: Global positioning system data-loggers: a tool to quantify fine-scale movement of domestic animals to evaluate potential for zoonotic transmission to an endangered wildlife population.
abstract: Domesticated animals are an important source of pathogens to endangered wildlife populations, especially when anthropogenic activities increase their overlap with humans and wildlife. Recent work in Tanzania reports the introduction of Cryptosporidium into wild chimpanzee populations and the increased risk of ape mortality associated with SIVcpz-Cryptosporidium co-infection. Here we describe the application of novel GPS technology to track the mobility of domesticated animals (27 goats, 2 sheep and 8 dogs) with the goal of identifying potential routes for Cryptosporidium introduction into Gombe National Park. Only goats (5/27) and sheep (2/2) were positive for Cryptosporidium. Analysis of GPS tracks indicated that a crop field frequented by both chimpanzees and domesticated animals was a potential hotspot for Cryptosporidium transmission. This study demonstrates the applicability of GPS data-loggers in studies of fine-scale mobility of animals and suggests that domesticated animal-wildlife overlap should be considered beyond protected boundaries for long-term conservation strategies.
authors.affiliation: Program in Population Biology, Ecology, and Evolution and Departments of Environmental Sciences and Environmental Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America; Division of Foodborne, Waterborne and Environmental Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America.
authors.forename: Michele B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Parsons
authors.affiliation: Program in Population Biology, Ecology, and Evolution and Departments of Environmental Sciences and Environmental Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America.
authors.forename: Thomas R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Gillespie
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
authors.forename: Elizabeth V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Lonsdorf
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America.
authors.forename: Dominic
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Travis
authors.affiliation: The Jane Goodall Institute, Kigoma, Tanzania.
authors.forename: Iddi
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lipende
authors.affiliation: The Jane Goodall Institute, Kigoma, Tanzania.
authors.forename: Baraka
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gilagiza
authors.affiliation: The Jane Goodall Institute, Kigoma, Tanzania.
authors.forename: Shadrack
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kamenya
authors.affiliation: The Jane Goodall Institute, Kigoma, Tanzania.
authors.forename: Lilian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pintea
authors.affiliation: Program in Population Biology, Ecology, and Evolution and Departments of Environmental Sciences and Environmental Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America.
authors.forename: Gonzalo M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Vazquez-Prokopec
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000829:Animals, Domestic; D000835:Animals, Wild; D040362:Geographic Information Systems; D062305:Geographic Mapping; D006801:Humans; D011157:Population Dynamics; D012621:Seasons; D013636:Tanzania / Q000453:epidemiology; D015047:Zoonoses / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission*