title: Solitary extramedullary plasmocytoma of the thyroid: a case report and histological approach to plasma cells infiltrate in the thyroid gland.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma (SEP) is a rare malignant neoplasm arising from plasma cells. SEP mostly occurs in the upper respiratory tract. Thyroid gland is rarely affected (<78 cases).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We describe the case of a 78-year-old woman presenting a rapidly enlarging palpable thyroid mass. Neck computed tomography scan showed enlargement of both thyroid lobes. Laboratory tests were normal, including serum protein level with no monoclonal gamma globulin peak. Cytology was suspicious for lymphoma. Biopsy showed an infiltrating neoplasm composed of atypical tumor cells with abundant cytoplasm and eccentric nuclei. These revealed diffuse immunoreactivity for CD138 and predominant staining for immunoglobulin kappa light chains. Clinical workup for multiple myeloma was negative.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SEP should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a rapidly enlarging thyroid nodule and be distinguished from involvement of thyroid in multiple myeloma, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, plasma cell granuloma and medullary carcinoma. Clinical correlation and immunohistochemistry are crucial in avoiding pitfalls.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mertens de Wilmars
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Knoops
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sempoux
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Galant
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Geets
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Poirel
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ameye
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Camboni
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018278:Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010950:Plasma Cells / Q000473:pathology; D010954:Plasmacytoma / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: Differential diagnosis,; Immunohistochemistry; Plasmocytoma,; Thyroid,