title: Predictors of outcome in bladder cancer.
abstract: Tumor stage and grade have largely been responsible for directing treatment algorithms in bladder cancer. However, the considerable heterogeneity of tumor biology in bladder cancer is incompletely characterized by stage and grade alone, and recent efforts to improve predictive models in bladder cancer may significantly improve accuracy and calibration. This article addresses how current nomograms and risk tables may be best used to individualize bladder cancer management.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, and Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee.
authors.forename: John B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Eifler
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, and Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee.
authors.forename: Daniel A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Barocas
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, and Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee. From the Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, and Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee.
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Resnick
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging / Q000379:methods; D049451:Nomograms; D011379:Prognosis; D012306:Risk; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology*