title: Extracapsular extension of prostate cancer: diagnostic value of combined multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging and isovoxel 3-dimensional T2-weighted imaging at 1.5 T.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to assess whether adding isovoxel 3-dimensional T2-weighted imaging (volume isotropic T2-weighted acquisition [VISTA]) to multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mp-MRI) improves the ability to diagnose the extracapsular extension (ECE) of prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two radiologists independently evaluated ECE on images acquired with mp-MRI only (method A) and mp-MRI plus VISTA (method B) in 50 men who had undergone prostatectomy. We also compared the signal-to-noise ratio of the tumor on T2WI and VISTA scans.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were higher with method B. For both readers, specificity, accuracy, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of method B were significantly higher than those of method A (reader 1: P = 0.028, 0.025, and 0.006; reader 2: P = 0.017, 0.0071, and 0.018). The signal-to-noise ratio was significantly higher on T2-weighted imaging than VISTA images (9.21 [SD, 2.46] vs 7.30 [SD, 1.87], P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The addition of VISTA to mp-MRI improves the diagnostic value for ECE significantly.
authors.affiliation: From the *Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University; Departments of †Radiology, ‡Urology, and §Pathology, Kumamoto Chuo Hospital; and ∥Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Amakusa Medical Center, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Itatani
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Namimoto
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takaoka
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Katahira
authors.forename: Syoji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morishita
authors.forename: Kosuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kitani
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hamada
authors.forename: Mitsuhiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kitaoka
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakaura
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamashita
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D064847:Multimodal Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D015588:Observer Variation; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity