title: Aqueous two-phase extraction combined with chromatography: new strategies for preparative separation and purification of capsaicin from capsicum oleoresin.
abstract: Capsaicin was preparatively separated and purified from capsicum oleoresin with a new method combined with aqueous two-phase extraction (ATPE) and chromatography. Screening experiments of ATPE systems containing salts and hydrophilic alcohols showed that potassium carbonate/ethanol system was the most suitable system for capsaicin recovery among the systems considered. Response surface methodology was used to determine an optimized aqueous two-phase system for the extraction of capsaicin from capsaicin oleoresin. In a 20 % (w/w) ethanol/22.3 % (w/w) potassium carbonate system, 85.4 % of the capsaicin was recovered in the top ethanol-rich phase while most oil and capsanthin ester were removed in the interphase. The capsaicinoid extract was then subjected to two chromatographic steps using D101 macroporous resin and inexpensive SKP-10-4300 reverse-phase resin first applied for the purification of capsaicin. After simple optimization of loading/elution conditions for D101 macroporous resin chromatography and SKP-10-4300 reverse-phase resin chromatography, the purities of capsaicin were improved from 7 to 85 %. In the two chromatography processes, the recoveries of capsaicin were 93 and 80 % respectively; the productivities of capsaicin were 1.86 and 4.2 (g capsaicin/L resin) per day respectively. It is worth mentioning that a by-product of capsaicin production was also obtained with a high purity (90 %).
authors.affiliation: Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, College of Food and Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, 250353, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Pei-Pei
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Yan-Min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Cong-Ping
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cui
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D002021:Buffers; D002211:Capsaicin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002212:Capsicum / Q000737:chemistry*; D002254:Carbonates / Q000737:chemistry; D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000379:methods*; D056148:Chromatography, Reverse-Phase; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D016062:Porosity; D011188:Potassium / Q000737:chemistry; D012117:Resins, Synthetic / Q000737:chemistry; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000737:chemistry; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002021:Buffers; D002254:Carbonates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012117:Resins, Synthetic; C018620:oleoresins; D014867:Water; D000431:Ethanol; D012965:Sodium Chloride; C037593:potassium carbonate; D011188:Potassium; D002211:Capsaicin