title: [Release of moveable segments after dorsal stabilization : Impact on affected discs].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bisegmental dorsal stabilization is a common treatment option for instable compression fractures of the thoracolumbar spine; however, it remains unknown to what extent bridging compromises intervertebral discs.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to determine the disc height and functional features in comparison to healthy intervertebral discs after removal of the dorsal fixator and particularly under consideration of the time span between dorsal stabilization and implant removal (IR).
  
  
  METHODS
  The IR was performed in 19 patients after an average of 13 months (range 8-24 months) after dorsal stabilization of instable vertebral compression fractures of the thoracolumbar junction and lumbar spine. An additional ventral monosegmental spondylodesis was performed in 10 patients with incomplete burst fractures. Thus, a total of 28 intervertebral discs were temporarily bridged (bridged discs), with an adjacent endplate fracture in 10 (injured discs) and no adjacent bony lesion in 18 discs (healthy discs). The intervertebral discs superior and inferior to the instrumentation were selected as controls (control discs). Standardized conventional lateral radiographs were taken prior to and after IR as well as after 6 months. Additionally, standardized lateral radiographs in flexion and extension were taken. The intervertebral disc height (disc height) was determined by two independent board approved orthopedic observers by measuring the anterior, central and dorsal intervertebral disc spaces on all lateral radiographs as well as the intervertebral disc angles (disc angle) defined by the intervertebral upper and lower endplates in the flexion and extension views. Intradisc function (disc function) was defined as the difference between the disc angle in extension and flexion. The measurements were repeated after 12 months. Univariate analysis was performed using ANOVA and significance was set at p < 0.05. Interobserver and intraobserver comparisons of the disc heights and the disc angles were determined with intraclass correlation coefficients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant differences were seen in disc function and disc height between the controls and the bridged discs at all times of measurement; however, injured discs showed a significantly reduced disc height and disc angle in extension compared to healthy discs (p = 0.028 and p = 0.027, respectively). Additionally, patients with IR during the first 12 months had significantly reduced disc heights compared to those patients with delayed IR within the second postoperative year (p = 0.018). Interobserver and intraobserver agreement for disc function was 0.80 (95 % confidence interval CI: 0.68-0.88) and 0.85 (95 % CI 0.76-0.90), respectively. The interobserver and intraobserver correlations for disc height were 0.85 (95 % CI: 0.76-0.90) and 0.93 (95 % CI 0.88-0.95), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bridging of an intervertebral disc with IR within 24 months does not cause immediate loss of disc function or reduction of disc height; however, temporary bridging in combination with an adjacent endplate fracture causes significant reduction of disc height and loss of extension. Additionally, no beneficial effects could be seen by reducing the time span between stabilization and IR to below 12 months.
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Unfallchirurgie, Orthopädie und Plastische Chirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Liebigstr. 20, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland. uli.spiegl@gmx.de.
authors.forename: U J
authors.initials: UJ
authors.lastname: Spiegl
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Unfallchirurgie, Orthopädie und Plastische Chirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Liebigstr. 20, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland.
authors.forename: J-S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Jarvers
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Unfallchirurgie, Orthopädie und Plastische Chirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Liebigstr. 20, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Glasmacher
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Unfallchirurgie, Orthopädie und Plastische Chirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Liebigstr. 20, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland.
authors.forename: C-E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Heyde
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Unfallchirurgie, Orthopädie und Plastische Chirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Liebigstr. 20, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Josten
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D006801:Humans; D016268:Internal Fixators / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007405:Intervertebral Disc Displacement / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D016103:Spinal Fractures / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D013123:Spinal Fusion / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000295:instrumentation*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Bridging duration; Height reduction; Intervertebral disc function; Thoracolumbar spine; Traumatic vertebral body fracture