title: Hypofractioned radiotherapy in prostate cancer: is it the next step?
abstract: There are many available options for prostate cancer treatment, including active surveillance, surgery, brachytherapy and external beam radiotherapy. Based on a radiobiological rationale, which considers the prostate tumor as a low α/β tumor, the use of higher and fewer fractions to prostate cancer external beam radiotherapy treatment has been proposed. Instead of the traditional fractions of 1.8-2.0 Gy per day, fractions higher than 2 Gy per day were the subject of a number of studies. In addition, new technologies such as intensity-modulated radiation therapy, image-guided radiation therapy, volumetric-modulated arch therapy and others have emerged as background for changing paradigms. Meanwhile, moderate and ultra-hypofractionation have been the subject of studies in recent years. Some moderate hypofractionation data from randomized controlled trials are ready to use, though other non-inferiority data are still lacking. The data on ultra-hypofractionation are still very new and require further evaluation to determine its long-term safety and efficacy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Sírio Libanês, Rua Dona Adma Jafet, 91, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabio Ynoe de
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Moraes
authors.forename: Gabriela Moreira Silva de
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Siqueira
authors.forename: Carlos Eduardo Cintra Vita
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Abreu
authors.forename: João Luis Fernandes
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gadia
mesh_terms: D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D019583:Dose Fractionation, Radiation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D061089:Radiotherapy, Image-Guided / Q000639:trends; D050397:Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated / Q000639:trends
keywords: IMRT; biochemical control; hypofractionation; prostate cancer; radiotherapy; toxicity