title: Mutations in the EDR1 Gene Alter the Response of Arabidopsis thaliana to Phytophthora infestans and the Bacterial PAMPs flg22 and elf18.
abstract: Mechanistically, nonhost resistance of Arabidopsis thaliana against the oomycete Phytophthora infestans is not well understood. Besides PEN2 and PEN3, which contribute to penetration resistance, no further components have been identified so far. In an ethylmethane sulphonate-mutant screen, we mutagenized pen2-1 and screened for mutants with an altered response to infection by P. infestans. One of the mutants obtained, enhanced response to Phytophthora infestans6 (erp6), was analyzed. Whole-genome sequencing of erp6 revealed a single nucleotide polymorphism in the coding region of the kinase domain of At1g08720, which encodes the putative MAPKKK ENHANCED DISEASE RESISTANCE1 (EDR1). We demonstrate that three independent lines with knock-out alleles of edr1 mount an enhanced response to P. infestans inoculation, mediated by increased salicylic acid signaling and callose deposition. Moreover, we show that the single amino acid substitution in erp6 causes the loss of in vitro autophosphorylation activity of EDR1. Furthermore, growth inhibition experiments suggest a so-far-unknown involvement of EDR1 in the response to the pathogen-associated molecular patterns flg22 and elf18. We conclude that EDR1 contributes to the defense response of A. thaliana against P. infestans. Our data position EDR1 as a negative regulator in postinvasive nonhost resistance.
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Geissler
authors.forename: Lennart
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Eschen-Lippold
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Naumann
authors.forename: Korbinian
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schneeberger
authors.forename: Detlef
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Weigel
authors.forename: Dierk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Scheel
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rosahl
authors.forename: Lore
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Westphal
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017353:Gene Deletion; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000502:physiology; D005936:Glucans / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D055750:Phytophthora infestans; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D020156:Salicylic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; C423568:EDR1 protein, Arabidopsis; D005936:Glucans; C048306:callose; D020156:Salicylic Acid