title: Increased expressions of integrin subunit β1, β2 and β3 in patients with venous thromboembolism: new markers for venous thromboembolism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the core proteins (integrin subunits β1, β2 and β3) in the acute venous thrombi and validate the specificity and sensitivity of increased expression of integrin subunits β1, β2 and β3 in patients with venous thromboembolism.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 120 patients (73 females) with clinically proven acute VTE and aged between 24-90 years, and 120 non-VTE patients and healthy controls receiving physical examination matched in the sex and age were recruited. Flow cytometry was done to measure the expressions of blood integrin β1, β2 and β3. The receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of integrin β1, β2 and β3.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median levels of integrin β1, β2 and β3 were significantly higher in VTE patients than in non-VTE patients (P=0.000, 0.000 and 0.000, respectively) and healthy controls (P=0.000, 0.000 and 0.000, respectively). The ROC curves showed that integrin β1, β2 and β3 were specific diagnostic predictors of VTE with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.870, 0.821, and 0.731, respectively. When three integrins were combined for diagnosis, the AUC of ROC curve was 0.916, and the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were 84.6%, 90.8%, 81.7% and 92.0%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The increased integrin β1, β2 and β3, as the core protein of venous thrombosis, have relatively high specificity and sensitivity for VTE and thus may serve as useful new biomarkers for the diagnoses of VTE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Emergency, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University Shanghai 200065, China.
authors.forename: Yanli
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Diagnosis, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University Shanghai 200065, China.
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Lemin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Qianglin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Zhu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gong
keywords: Antigens; CD18; CD29; antigens; biomarker; integrin beta3; venous thromboembolism