title: Development of a portable 3CCD camera system for multispectral imaging of biological samples.
abstract: Recent studies have suggested the need for imaging devices capable of multispectral imaging beyond the visible region, to allow for quality and safety evaluations of agricultural commodities. Conventional multispectral imaging devices lack flexibility in spectral waveband selectivity for such applications. In this paper, a recently developed portable 3CCD camera with significant improvements over existing imaging devices is presented. A beam-splitter prism assembly for 3CCD was designed to accommodate three interference filters that can be easily changed for application-specific multispectral waveband selection in the 400 to 1000 nm region. We also designed and integrated electronic components on printed circuit boards with firmware programming, enabling parallel processing, synchronization, and independent control of the three CCD sensors, to ensure the transfer of data without significant delay or data loss due to buffering. The system can stream 30 frames (3-waveband images in each frame) per second. The potential utility of the 3CCD camera system was demonstrated in the laboratory for detecting defect spots on apples.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA. hoyoung.yi@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Hoyoung
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosystems & Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea. ecoloves@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Soo Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosystems & Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea. noh@snu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Sang Ha
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Noh
authors.affiliation: National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 150 Suinro, Gwonseon-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 441-100, Korea. limjg@korea.kr.
authors.forename: Jongguk
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA. moon.kim@ars.usda.gov.
authors.forename: Moon S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D017076:Computer-Aided Design; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005638:Fruit / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation*; D007909:Lenses; D027845:Malus / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D008904:Miniaturization; D012031:Refractometry / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012666:Semiconductors; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013057:Spectrum Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation*