title: The cellular story of dishevelleds.
abstract: Dishevelled (DVL) proteins, three of which have been identified in humans, are highly conserved components of canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling pathways. These multifunctional proteins, originally discovered in the fruit fly, through their different domains mediate complex signal transduction: DIX (dishevelled, axin) and PDZ (postsynaptic density 95, discs large, zonula occludens-1) domains serve for canonical beta-catenin signaling, while PDZ and DEP (dishevelled, Egl-10, pleckstrin) domains serve for non-canonical signaling. In canonical or beta-catenin signaling, DVL forms large molecular supercomplexes at the plasma membrane consisting of Wnt-Fz-LRP5/6-DVL-AXIN. This promotes the disassembly of the beta-catenin destruction machinery, beta-catenin accumulation, and consequent activation of Wnt signaling. Therefore, DVLs are considered to be key regulators that rescue cytoplasmic beta-catenin from degradation. The potential medical importance of DVLs is in both human degenerative disease and cancer. The overexpression of DVL has been shown to potentiate the activation of Wnt signaling and it is now apparent that up-regulation of DVLs is involved in several types of cancer.
authors.forename: Anja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kafka
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bašić-Kinda
authors.affiliation: Nives Pećina-Šlaus, Laboratory of Neuro-oncology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Šalata 3, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia, nina@mef.hr.
authors.forename: Nives
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pećina-Šlaus
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D000072261:Dishevelled Proteins; D006801:Humans; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D015854:Up-Regulation; D051153:Wnt Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D001798:Blood Proteins; D000072261:Dishevelled Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D051176:beta Catenin; C039077:platelet protein P47