title: Prediction of fruit and vegetable intake: The importance of contextualizing motivation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Motivation is identified as a key antecedent of self-regulated behaviour, such as eating fruit and vegetables. However, inaccurate measurement of this construct may lead to poor prediction of behaviour and inflate the impact of post-motivational factors, such as planning, in models of health behaviour. This study explored the properties of a newly identified measure of motivation, termed behavioural resolve (Rhodes & Horne, 2013, Psychol. Sport Exerc., 14, 455-460), in relation to intention, planning, and fruit and vegetable intake (FVI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective self-report survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  University students living in the United Kingdom completed two online surveys. The first assessed demographic and predictor variables (intention, behavioural resolve, action planning, and coping planning). The second, completed approximately 2 weeks later, measured average daily FVI and perceived experience of obstacles to FVI. At Time 1, there were 195 respondents, with 139 providing follow-up data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All predictor variables were significantly correlated with FVI. Two independent multiple hierarchical regression analyses revealed that both intention and behavioural resolve were significant predictors of FVI, but behavioural resolve explained greater FVI variance (40.1%) than intention (36.4%). Furthermore, action planning showed incremental predictive utility over intention, but not behavioural resolve, in predicting FVI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicated that motivation is an important determinant of FVI for students, with behavioural resolve demonstrating advantages over intention as a measure of this domain and a predictor of FVI behaviour.
authors.affiliation: The University of Nottingham, UK.
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3121-6360
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawabata
authors.affiliation: The University of Nottingham, UK.
authors.forename: Shirley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thomas
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004032:Diet / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D033182:Intention; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D006113:United Kingdom; D014495:Universities; D014675:Vegetables; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: behavioural resolve; fruit and vegetable intake; health behaviour; motivation; planning