title: Identification of potential serum proteomic biomarkers for clear cell renal cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate discriminating protein patterns and serum biomarkers between clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) patients and healthy controls, as well as between paired pre- and post-operative ccRCC patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used magnetic bead-based separation followed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) to identify patients with ccRCC. A total of 162 serum samples were analyzed in this study, among which there were 58 serum samples from ccRCC patients, 40 from additional paired pre- and post-operative ccRCC patients (n = 20), and 64 from healthy volunteers as healthy controls. ClinProTools software identified several distinct markers between ccRCC patients and healthy controls, as well as between pre- and post-operative patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with ccRCC could be identified with a mean sensitivity of 88.38% and a mean specificity of 91.67%. Of 67 m/z peaks that differed among the ccRCC, healthy controls, pre- and post-operative ccRCC patients, 24 were significantly different (P<0.05). Three candidate peaks, which were upregulated in ccRCC group and showed a tendency to return to healthy control values after surgery, were identified as peptide regions of RNA-binding protein 6 (RBP6), tubulin beta chain (TUBB), and zinc finger protein 3 (ZFP3) with the m/z values of 1466.98, 1618.22, and 5905.23, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MB-MALDI-TOF-MS method could generate serum peptidome profiles of ccRCC, and provide a new approach to identify potential biomarkers for diagnosis as well as prognosis of this malignancy.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of the Education Ministry, Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of the Education Ministry, Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Lingyu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of the Education Ministry, Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Liying
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of the Education Ministry, Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Yannan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of the Education Ministry, Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Xiaofei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of the Education Ministry, Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Tusheng
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of the Education Ministry, Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood*; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010455:Peptides / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D010455:Peptides