title: [The incidence of oral candidiasis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome from Yunnan, China].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the incidence of oral candidiasis and its influencing factors in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS).
  
  
  METHODS
  An oral examination was conducted in the 1 566 HIV/AIDS patients in the Third Hospital of Kunming from March 2008 to September 2012 (M/F: 1 062/504, age range: 0.2 to 84.0 years old). The HIV viral load (HIV- RNA) and peripheral blood CD4 count were respectively analyzed by Bayer Q340 fluorescence signal surveying instrument (bDNA method) and flow cytometry analysis. The information on usage of highly active anti-retroviral (HAART) drugs and transmission of HIV were obtained through questionnaires. The incidence of oral candidiasis in patients with different HIV-RNA levels and CD4 count and the use of HAART was analyzed and compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The total incidence of oral candidosis was 31.0% (486/1 566) and there was no difference in sex. The oral lesions were presented by three types, psudomembranous candidosis (PC), erythematous candidosis (EC) and angular cheilitis (AC), and the morbidity was 13.9% (217/1 566), 17.0% (267/1 566) and 4.9% (77/1 566), respectively. The average level of CD4 count in psudomembranous candidosis, erythematous candidosis and angular cheilitis [81.0 (146.0), 74.0 (152.0) and 69.0 (121.5) cell/µl] showed no significant difference (P > 0.05). The incidence of oral candidiasis in non-HAART and HAART subjects were 36.3% (402/1 107) and 18.3% (84/459), respectively (P = 0.000). The CD4 count and absolute counts of HIV viral load in oral candidiasis patients and non-oral candidiasis patients had significant difference (Z = -10.261, P = 0.000 and Z = -4.762, P = 0.000).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The morbidity of oral candidiasis in HIV/AIDS patients in Yunnan Province was high, including PC, EC and AC and hyperplastic candidosis was not detected. The incidence was related to the degree of immune suppression and HIV viral load.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, Kunming Medical University Yan An Hospital, Kunming Yan An Hospital, Kunming 650051, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Chengwen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Junhaoxiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pei
authors.forename: Jinsong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: Xianghong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Email: kwduan@aliyun.com.cn.
authors.forename: Kaiwen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Duan
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D002180:Candidiasis, Oral / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002613:Cheilitis; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D015658:HIV Infections; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D008875:Middle Aged; D009059:Mouth Diseases