title: Sorafenib induces ferroptosis in human cancer cell lines originating from different solid tumors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ferroptosis is a recently identified form of regulated necrosis that can be experimentally induced in cancer cells with the chemical inducer erastin. Recently, we identified sorafenib, an inhibitor of oncogenic kinases, as an inducer of ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Whether sorafenib is able to exert its ferroptotic activity in cancer cells originating from other tissues is presently unclear.
  
  
  METHODS
  We compared the levels of ferroptosis induced by sorafenib with those induced by the reference compound erastin in a panel of ten human cell lines originating from various tissues.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sorafenib induced ferroptosis in different cancer cell lines. We found a positive correlation between the ferroptotic potency of sorafenib and erastin. Compared to other kinase inhibitors, sorafenib is the only drug that displays ferroptotic efficacy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings establish sorafenib as the first clinically-approved anticancer drug that can induce ferroptosis.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biochimie, Centre de Biologie Humaine (CBH), CHU Amiens Sud, Amiens Cedex, France EA4666, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Amiens Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Emma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lachaier
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biochimie, Centre de Biologie Humaine (CBH), CHU Amiens Sud, Amiens Cedex, France EA4666, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Amiens Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Louandre
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biochimie, Centre de Biologie Humaine (CBH), CHU Amiens Sud, Amiens Cedex, France EA4666, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Amiens Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Corinne
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Godin
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biochimie, Centre de Biologie Humaine (CBH), CHU Amiens Sud, Amiens Cedex, France EA4666, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Amiens Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Zuzana
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Saidak
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biochimie, Centre de Biologie Humaine (CBH), CHU Amiens Sud, Amiens Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Maxime
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baert
authors.affiliation: EA4666, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Amiens Cedex, France Délégation à la Recherche Clinique et à l'Innovation, CHU Amiens Nord, Amiens Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Momar
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Diouf
authors.affiliation: EA4666, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Amiens Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chauffert
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biochimie, Centre de Biologie Humaine (CBH), CHU Amiens Sud, Amiens Cedex, France EA4666, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Amiens Cedex, France Galmiche.Antoine@chu-amiens.fr.
authors.forename: Antoine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Galmiche
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D015153:Blotting, Western; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D009336:Necrosis; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077157:Sorafenib; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D010879:Piperazines; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; C477224:erastin; D009536:Niacinamide; D000077157:Sorafenib; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase
keywords: Sorafenib; erastin; ferroptosis