title: Increased cardio-ankle vascular index in hyperlipidemic patients without diabetes or hypertension.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) is a sensitive non-invasive marker of arterial stiffness and atherosclerosis. The aim of this work was to compare the CAVI values in patients with dyslipidemia (without diabetes mellitus and hypertension) and healthy controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  A Total 248 subjects with dyslipidemia (104 men, 144 women), 55.0 (95% CI 30-70) years of age with combined hyperlipidemia or primary hypercholesterolemia and 537 healthy controls (244 men, 293 women) 40.0 (95% CI 26-62) years of age were included in this study. Fasting blood samples were collected to measure the serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein A1 and B levels. The LDL cholesterol level was also calculated, and the CAVI was measured using the VaSera(®) 1500 system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The CAVI values were significantly higher in the dyslipidemic patients (8.08, 95% CI 6.00-10.05) than in the controls (7.11, 95% CI 5.77-9.05; p < 0.01). In addition, the CAVI values were elevated in both subgroups of patients with hypercholesterolemia (7.95, 95% CI 5.85-6.90; p < 0.01) and combined hyperlipidemia (8.30, 95% CI 6.60-10.15; p < 0.01) in comparison with those observed in the controls. After adopting the propensity score method in order to balance the confounding factors (age, gender, body mass index) and adjust the analysis for diastolic blood pressure, the CAVI values in the dyslipidemic patients remained significantly high (7.78, 95% CI 5.80-9.69) compared to that observed in the controls (7.31, 95% CI 5.44-9.35; p < 0.001). However, the CAVI values did not differ significantly between the controls and both subgroups of dyslipidemic patients(primary hypercholesterolemia, combined hyperlipidemia).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present findings demonstrated that dyslipidemia increases the CAVI values in comparison to that seen in healthy subjects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, St. Anne's Faculty Hospital and Masaryk University of Brno, Czech Republic; International Clinical Research Center, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno. Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Petr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dobsak
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Soska
authors.forename: Ondrej
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sochor
authors.forename: Jiri
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jarkovsky
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Novakova
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Homolka
authors.forename: Miroslav
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Soucek
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Palanova
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lopez-Jimenez
authors.forename: Kohji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shirai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000842:Ankle / Q000098:blood supply*; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D055815:Young Adult