title: Modulation of TNF-α, TNF-α receptors and IL-6 after treatment with AM3 in professional cyclists.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Changes in IL-6, TNF-α, and TNF-α receptors - sTNFRI and sTNFRII - were evaluated in a group of professional cyclists treated with immunomodulator AM3 (Inmunoferón®) for 6 months of training and competition.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen male professional cyclists with a similar training program participated in the study which was designed as a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial. Venous blood samples were collected in basal conditions, before beginning the supplementation program, and after 90 and 180 days of training and competition season.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant differences in biochemical parameters or in IL-6 were evidenced between placebo and AM3-treated groups throughout the study. Plasma TNF-α levels significantly decreased (P<0.05) after 90 days of training in the AM3 treated group. TNF-α receptors increased during training season in both placebo and AM3 treated groups, although the increase was significantly higher (P<0.05) in the AM3 group with respect to the placebo group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The changes produced by regular training and competition were modified throughout the season by AM3 treatment which could reduce the inflammatory response to excessive exercise.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Physical Therapy, University of Valladolid. Campus of Soria E-42004, Soria, Spain - a.cordova@bio.uva.es.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Córdova
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sureda
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pons
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alvarez-Mon
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000328:Adult; D056352:Athletes; D001642:Bicycling; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006020:Glycopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000097:blood*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D006020:Glycopeptides; D015850:Interleukin-6; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C038773:Immunoferon