title: Automatic detection of motion blur in intravital video microscopy image sequences via directional statistics of log-Gabor energy maps.
abstract: Intravital microscopy is an important experimental tool for the study of cellular and molecular mechanisms of the leukocyte-endothelial interactions in the microcirculation of various tissues and in different inflammatory conditions of in vivo specimens. However, due to the limited control over the conditions of the image acquisition, motion blur and artifacts, resulting mainly from the heartbeat and respiratory movements of the in vivo specimen, will very often be present. This problem can significantly undermine the results of either visual or computerized analysis of the acquired video images. Since only a fraction of the total number of images are usually corrupted by severe motion blur, it is necessary to have a procedure to automatically identify such images in the video for either further restoration or removal. This paper proposes a new technique for the detection of motion blur in intravital video microscopy based on directional statistics of local energy maps computed using a bank of 2D log-Gabor filters. Quantitative assessment using both artificially corrupted images and real microscopy data were conducted to test the effectiveness of the proposed method. Results showed an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.95 (AUC = 0.95; 95 % CI 0.93-0.97) when tested on 329 video images visually ranked by four observers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Science, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís, Km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil, rferrari@dc.ufscar.br.
authors.forename: Ricardo J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Ferrari
authors.forename: Carlos H Villa
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.forename: Bruno C Gregório
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bernardes
authors.forename: Juliana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Carvalho-Tavares
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D016477:Artifacts; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D018715:Microscopy, Video / Q000379:methods*; D009038:Motion; D012372:ROC Curve