title: Allotype analysis to determine the origin of cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin-G after allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation still remains a major problem following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, we analyzed an immunoglobulin allotype, IgG1m(f), in CMV-seropositive HSCT recipients and their donors to distinguish donor-derived antibody from recipient-derived antibody. Eight donor-recipient pairs were informative regarding the appearance of donor-derived immunoglobulin-G (IgG), as the recipients were homozygous null for the IgG1m(f) allotype and the donors were IgG1m(f) positive. In these patients, total IgG, IgM, and allotype-specific IgG against CMV were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. All subjects were monitored for at least 9 months after HSCT with (n = 5) or without (n = 3) CMV reactivation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Donor-derived CMV IgG tended to be elevated earlier in patients with CMV-seropositive donors than in those with CMV-seronegative donors. In 1 patient with a CMV-negative donor, donor-derived CMV IgG was not detected until late CMV reactivation. In 3 patients without CMV reactivation, donor-derived CMV IgG was also elevated within 1-6 months after HSCT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, the CMV serostatus of the donor may be related to the timing of the appearance of donor-derived CMV IgG and the reconstitution of humoral immunity against CMV, regardless of the CMV antigenemia level after HSCT.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakasone
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Terasako-Saito
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Akahoshi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ugai
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yamasaki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishihara
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ashizawa
authors.forename: S-I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kako
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kanda
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tanihara
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nishida
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kanda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood* / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D007129:Immunoglobulin Gm Allotypes; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014019:Tissue Donors
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007129:Immunoglobulin Gm Allotypes; D007075:Immunoglobulin M
keywords: cytomegalovirus; hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; humoral immunity; immunoglobulin allotypes