title: Implications for differentiation of endogenous stem cells: therapeutic effect from icariside II on a rat model of postprostatectomy erectile dysfunction.
abstract: Self-renewal and differentiation of endogenous stem cells (SCs) are essential for adult tissue homoeostasis and intrinsic healing capacity. In this study, we hypothesize that penis contains a small population of endogenous SCs, which might help rejuvenation of damaged erectile function. In this study, 60 newborn male rats were intraperitoneally injected with 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine (EdU; 50 mg/kg) for the purpose of tracking endogenous SCs. Twelve weeks later, 48 rats underwent bilateral cavernous nerves injury and were randomized into gavage feeding of solvent (vehicle group) or icariside II (0.5, 1.5, and 4.5 mg/kg/day, respectively). Twelve sham-operated rats received vehicle treatment and served as control. The treatments were continued for 4 weeks followed by a washout period of 72 h. Results showed that ICA II treatment significantly restored erectile function and effectively prevented distortion of normal neural anatomy, smooth muscle atrophy, and collagen deposition compared with the vehicle group. The numbers of label-retaining cells (LRCs) coexpressing EdU and differentiated phenotypes (smooth muscle marker α-SMA or Schwann cell marker S100) were significantly higher in the three ICA II-treated groups than those in vehicle group in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the changing trend of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity in the penis between groups was same as that of the number of differentiated LRCs. Together, these results suggest that the underlying mechanisms of ICA II in ameliorating erectile function and pathological changes appear to involve enhanced endogenous SCs differentiation, which might be regulated by p38 MAPK signaling pathway.
authors.affiliation: 1 Molecular Biology Laboratory of Andrology Center, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University , Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yongde
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Ruili
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.forename: Hongen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.forename: Zhezhu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Huixi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hui
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Guiting
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Zhongcheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000009:adverse effects; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids; C060988:baohuoside I