title: Association of the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) Gene -675 4G/5G and -844 A/G promoter polymorphism with risk of keloid in a Chinese Han population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A keloid is pathological scar caused by aberrant response to skin injuries, characterized by excessive accumulation of histological extracellular matrix, and occurs in genetically susceptible individuals. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of keloid. We investigated the association between PAI-1 polymorphisms and plasma PAI-1 level with keloid risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 242 Chinese keloid patients and 207 controls were enrolled in this study. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction technique was used to determine PAI-1 promoter polymorphism (-675 4G/5G and -844 A/G) distribution. Plasma PAI-1 levels were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a statistically significant difference in the distribution of PAI-1 -675 4G/5G polymorphism between keloid patients and healthy controls. 4G/4G carriers were more likely to develop keloid. In contrast, the -844 A/G polymorphism distribution did not vary significantly between keloid patients and controls. The keloid patients group had a significantly higher plasma PAI-1 level than the control group. In the -675 4G/4G carrier population, the plasma PAI-1 levels were significant higher in keloid patients compared with controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study provides evidence that PAI-1 promoter polymorphism -675 4G/5G and plasma PAI-1 level are associated with keloid risk. PAI-1 -675 4G/5G polymorphism may be an important hereditary factor responsible for keloid development in the Chinese Han population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Yongjie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Jianhong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Long
authors.affiliation: Department of Burns, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Xiaoyan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001483:Base Sequence; D002648:Child; D002681:China; D017931:DNA Primers; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007627:Keloid / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1