title: Meiotic behavior of 18 species from eight families of terrestrial heteroptera.
abstract: Insects of the suborder Heteroptera are known for their odor, for being pests, or for being disease carriers. To gain better insight into the cytogenetic characteristics of heteropterans, 18 species of terrestrial Heteroptera belonging to eight families were studied. The presence of heteropycnotic corpuscles during prophase I, terminal or interstitial chiasmas, telomeric associations between chromosomes, ring disposals of autosomes during metaphase, and late migrations of the sex chromosomes during anaphase were analyzed. These features showed identical patterns to other species of Heteroptera previously described in the literature. Another studied characteristic was chromosome complements. The male chromosome complements observed were 2n = 12 chromosomes [10A + XY, Galgupha sidae (Amyot & Serville) (Corimelaenidae) and Pachycoris torridus (Scopoli) (Scutelleridae)]; 2n = 13 [10A + 2m + X0, Harmostes serratus (Fabricius), Harmostes apicatus (Stål), Jadera haematoloma (Herrich-Schaeffer), Jadera sanguinolenta (Fabricius), Jadera sp. (Rhopalidae)], and Neomegalotomus parvus (Westwood) (Alydidae); 2n = 13 [12A + X0, Stenocoris furcifera (Westwood) (Alydidae); 2n = 14 [12A + XY, Dictyla monotropidia (Stål) (Tingidae)]; 2n = 19 [18A + X0, Acanonicus hahni (Stål) (Coreidae)]; 2n = 21 [18A + 2m + X0, Acanthocephala sp. (Dallas) (Coreidae)]; 2n = 27 [24A + 2m + X0, Anisoscelis foliacea marginella (Dallas) (Coreidae)]; 2n = 18 [16A + XY, Oncopeltus fasciatus (Dallas) (Lygaeidae)]; 2n = 17 [14A + X1X2Y, Oxycarenus hyalinipennis (Costa) (Lygaeidae)]; 2n = 16 [12A + 2m + XY, Pachybrachius bilobatus (Say) (Lygaeidae)]; 2n = 26 [24A + XY, Atopozelus opsinus (Elkins) (Reduviidae)]; and 2n = 27 [24A + X1X2Y, Doldina carinulata (Stål) (Reduviidae)]. The diversity of the cytogenetic characteristics of Heteroptera was reflected in the 18 studied species. Thus, this study extends the knowledge of these characteristics, such as the variations related to chromosome complements, sex chromosome systems, and meiotic behavior.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Citogenética e Molecular de Insetos, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil souzahv@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Hederson Vinicius
authors.initials: HV
authors.lastname: De  Souza
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Citogenética e Molecular de Insetos, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Márcia Maria Urbanin
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Castanhole
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Citogenética e Molecular de Insetos, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mariana Oliveira
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Citogenética e Molecular de Insetos, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aline Sumitani
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Citogenética e Molecular de Insetos, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tatiani Seni
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: De Souza Firmino
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Citogenética e Molecular de Insetos, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Priscila Samara
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Saran
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Citogenética e Molecular de Insetos, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cecilia Artico
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Banho
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Citogenética e Molecular de Insetos, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Letícia Da Silva
authors.initials: Lda S
authors.lastname: Monteiro
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Citogenética e Molecular de Insetos, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jocielly Cristina Pereira
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Da Silva
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Citogenética e Molecular de Insetos, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mary Massumi
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Itoyama
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020732:Cytogenetic Analysis; D005260:Female; D020062:Heteroptera / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008540:Meiosis; D012730:Sex Chromosomes / Q000235:genetics; D013045:Species Specificity
keywords: chromosome; cytogenetic; holocentric; meiosis