title: Relationship between paravascular abnormalities and foveoschisis in highly myopic patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the prevalence of paravascular abnormalities in highly myopic patients and its relationship with myopic foveoschisis (MF).
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study of 250 highly myopic eyes. All of the patients underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination that included optical coherence tomography .
  
  
  RESULTS
  Optical coherence tomography images showed 170 eyes (68%) with paravascular microfolds (PM), 121 eyes (48.4%) presented paravascular retinal cysts (PC), and 35 eyes (14%) with paravascular lamellar holes . All the eyes with PCs had PMs. Out of the 250 eyes, 48 (19.2%) had paravascular retinoschisis (PR). All the eyes (100%) with PR had paravascular cysts and PMs. Sixteen eyes (6.4%) had foveoschis. The spherical equivalent (P<0.00), PR (P=0.01), and the presence of tractional structures (P<0.00) were associated with increased risk for foveoschsis in the multivariate study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PMs were the lesions most often observed in the paravascular area in highly myopic eyes. MF would be a result of the action of different forces (intra- and extra-ocular forces), specially tractional structures, on precursor lesions (paravascular cyst and paravascular restinoschisis). Further studies are needed to confirm these results.
authors.affiliation: Department of ophthalmology, Centro de Investigaciones Médico-Sanitarias, Málaga, Spain.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kamal-Salah
authors.affiliation: Department of ophthalmology, Hospital Virgen de la Victoria de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Morillo-Sanchez
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, University of Malaga, Málaga, Spain.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rius-Diaz
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of ophthalmology, Centro de Investigaciones Médico-Sanitarias, Málaga, Spain [2] Department of ophthalmology, Hospital Virgen de la Victoria de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Garcia-Campos
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D047728:Myopia, Degenerative / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D015995:Prevalence; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000473:pathology*; D041441:Retinoschisis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult