title: Capsular contraction with s-shaped deformity of nonlength-expanding inflatable penile prosthesis cylinders: management and prevention strategies.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Capsular contraction (CC) occurring with inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) reservoirs has been reported by urologists as a cause of autoinflation. The concept of CC occurring around IPP cylinders has not been studied.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Herein we report a case of CC occurring with nonlength-expanding IPP cylinders, resulting in an S-shaped deformity.
  
  
  METHODS
  We sought to report a novel cause of S-shaped deformity in patients after IPP surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed a recent clinical case and conducted a literature review on capsular scar formation in prosthetic surgery. We also conducted a literature review of the inflammatory cascade related with prosthetic surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Capsular contracture of nonlength-expanding cylinders resulting in S-shaped deformity has not been previously reported. The role of certain inflammatory markers seems to play a common role of capsular contracture in the penis and other prosthetic implantation sites.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Capsular contractures around the cylinders of an IPP can cause deformity, even in patients who have appropriately sized, nonlength-expanding cylinders. A better understanding is needed regarding the mechanical properties of the tunica albuginea and the inflammatory cascade associated with penile implant surgery. This case represents an argument for early and aggressive postoperative inflation of the IPP. Future studies should evaluate the role of inflammation modulators as adjuvant therapy after IPP surgery. Karpman E and Henry G. Capsular contraction with S-shaped deformity of nonlength-expanding inflatable penile prosthesis cylinders: Management and prevention strategies. Sex Med 2013;1:95-98.
authors.affiliation: El Camino Urology Medical Group Mountain View, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Karpman
authors.affiliation: Regional Urology Shreveport, LA, USA.
authors.forename: Gerard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Henry
keywords: Capsular Contraction; Erectile Dysfunction; Penile Prosthesis; Penis; S-Shaped Deformity; Surgery