title: Prevalence of dyslipidaemia and associated risk factors among Balearic Islands adolescents, a Mediterranean region.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The increase in overweight and obese children and adolescents may be linked to increased rates of dyslipidaemia. The aim was to assess the prevalence of dyslipidaemia and associated risk factors among the Balearic Islands' adolescent population.
  
  
  METHODS
  A random sample (n=362, 143 boys and 219 girls, aged 12-17 years) was interviewed, anthropometrically measured and fasting blood samples taken. According to the 2011 Expert Panel on Integrated Guidelines for Cardiovascular Health and Risk Reduction in Children and Adolescents, dyslipidaemia was defined as the presence of one or more of the following levels (mg/dl): total cholesterol (TChol)⩾200, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-chol)⩾130, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-chol)⩾145, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-chol)<40 and tryglicerides (TG)⩾130.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall prevalence of borderline-high+high TChol, LDL-chol, non-HDL-chol and TG was 24.3, 10.4, 13.3 and 14.9%, respectively. The TChol prevalence was higher among girls (27.8%) than the boys (19.1%). The overall prevalence of borderline-low+low HDL-chol was 12.2% (boys 20.7%; girls 6.3%). The overall prevalence of dyslipidaemia was 13.7% (boys 14.9%; girls 12.9%). Low HDL-chol levels were the most prevalent dyslipidaemia in boys (6.4%) and high TChol in girls (9.1%). Overweight/obese subjects were more likely to have at least one abnormal lipid concentration (odds ratio (OR): 2.10; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06-4.15) and subjects with abdominal obesity were more likely to have at least one abnormal lipid level (OR: 3.17; 95% CI: 1.04-9.66).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  One in ten Balearic Islands' adolescents has at least one abnormal lipid concentration. Body mass index status and waist-to-height ratio were associated with the prevalence of at least one abnormal lipid level.
authors.affiliation: Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, IdISPa, and CIBERobn (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Bibiloni
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Public Health Nutrition, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Salas
authors.affiliation: Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, IdISPa, and CIBERobn (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pons
authors.affiliation: Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, IdISPa, and CIBERobn (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Tur
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017195:Adolescent Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D002664:Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008521:Mediterranean Islands / Q000453:epidemiology; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D056128:Obesity, Abdominal / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D050177:Overweight / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D065927:Waist-Height Ratio