title: Internal structures of the globus pallidus in patients with Parkinson's disease: evaluation with quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to assess the susceptibility change in medial and lateral globus pallidus (GPm and GPl) related to age separately, using quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and to determine whether QSM can depict GPm in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  QSM was performed in 19 PD patients and in 41 normal control (NC) subjects. First, we quantitatively analysed age-related changes in QSM value in NC for GPl and GPm by a manual region of interest (ROI) technique. Then, in PD patients and age-matched NC subjects, we evaluated the depiction of GPm on QSM images qualitatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In NC, the QSM value within GPl significantly increased gradually with age (r = 0.32, p = 0.04), whereas it did not change with age in GPm. The average QSM value was significantly larger for GPl than for GPm (205 vs 191, p < 0.05). In both PD patients and age-matched NC, the depiction of GPm on QSM images was good in most cases (87 %, 33 of 38 sides in PD patients) mainly because of the differences in susceptibility between GPm and GPl.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The QSM value in GPl increases gradually with age, which allows for the identification of GPm in elderly PD subjects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health School of Medicine, Iseigaoka 1-1, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyusyu-shi, 807-8555, Japan, s-ide@med.uoeh-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ide
authors.forename: Shingo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kakeda
authors.forename: Issei
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: Keita
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: Junji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moriya
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ogasawara
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Futatsuya
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Norihiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ohnari
authors.forename: Kazumasa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Atsuji
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matsuyama
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hisaoka
authors.forename: Sadatoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.forename: Tian
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yukunori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Korogi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005917:Globus Pallidus / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000473:pathology*; D011446:Prospective Studies