title: Hypothetical link between infertility and genetically modified food.
abstract: It is speculated that genetically modified food (GMF)/genetically modified organism (GMO) is responsible for infertility development. The risk linked with a wide use of GMFs/GMOs offers the basic elements for social criticism. However, to date, it has not been justified whether the bad effects are directly resulted from products of genetic modifications or trans-genesis process. Extensive experience with the risk assessment of whole foods has been applied recently on the safety and nutritional testing of GMFs/GMOs. Investigations have tested the safety of GMFs including sub-acute, chronic, reproductive, multi-generation and carcinogenicity studies. We extrapolated the potential risks associated with GMFs/GMOs on reproduction, and analyzed the multi-aspect linked between infertility and GMFs/GMOs. It could be conjectured that GMFs/GMOs could be potential hazard on reproduction, linking to the development of infertility through influencing the endocrine metabolism, endometriosis. However, little evidence shows the impaction on embryo or reproductive related tumor due to the limited literatures, and needs further research. The article presents some related patents on GMFs/GMOs, and some methods for tracking GMOs.
authors.forename: Mingxia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Wenzhen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Lihui
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medicine Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China.. gaomx05@163.com.
authors.forename: Xuehong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility; D030841:Food, Genetically Modified / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007246:Infertility / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology; D030781:Organisms, Genetically Modified; D010330:Patents as Topic; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D012098:Reproduction; D018570:Risk Assessment