title: Diffusion-weighted line-scan echo-planar spectroscopic imaging technique to reduce motion artifacts in metabolite diffusion imaging.
abstract: Metabolite diffusion is expected to provide more specific microstructural and functional information than water diffusion. However, highly accurate measurement techniques have still not been developed, especially for reducing motion artifacts caused by cardiac pulsation and respiration. We developed a diffusion-weighted line-scan echo-planar spectroscopic imaging (DW-LSEPSI) technique to reduce such motion artifacts in measuring diffusion-weighted images (DWI) of metabolites. Our technique uses line-scan and echo-planar techniques to reduce phase errors induced by such motion during diffusion time. The phase errors are corrected using residual water signals in water suppression for each acquisition and at each spatial pixel specified by combining the line-scan and echo-planar techniques. We apply this technique to a moving phantom and a rat brain in vivo to demonstrate the reduction of motion artifacts in DWI and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps of metabolites. DW-LSEPSI will be useful for investigating a cellular diffusion environment using metabolites as probes.
authors.affiliation: Central Research Laboratory, Hitachi, Ltd.; MRI System Division, Hitachi Medical Corporation 2-1 Shintoyofuta, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba 277-0804, Japan; Faculty of Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University.
authors.forename: Yoshitaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bito
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ebisu
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawai
authors.forename: Yosuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Otake
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shirai
authors.forename: Yoshihisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Soutome
authors.forename: Hisaaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ochi
authors.forename: Etsuji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Umeda
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Higuchi
authors.forename: Chuzo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016477:Artifacts; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D017352:Echo-Planar Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D009038:Motion; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D051381:Rats