title: Neonatal mortality in a referral hospital in Cameroon over a seven year period: trends, associated factors and causes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The fourth Millennium Development Goals targets reduction of the mortality rate of under-fives by 2/3 by the year 2015. This reduction starts with that of neonatal mortality representing 40% of childhood mortality. In Cameroon neonatal mortality was 31% in 2011.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We assessed the trends, associated factors and causes of neonatal deaths at the Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was a retrospective chart review. Data was collected from the hospital records, and included both maternal and neonatal variables from 1(st) January 2004 to 31(st) December 2010.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The neonatal mortality was 10%. Out-borns represented 49.3% of the deceased neonates with 11.3% born at home. The neonatal mortality rate followed a downward trend dropping from 12.4% in 2004 to 7.2% in 2010. The major causes of deaths were: neonatal sepsis (37.85%), prematurity (31.26%), birth asphyxia (16%), and congenital malformations (10.54%). Most (74.2%) of the deaths occurred within the first week with 35% occurring within 24 hours of life. Mortality was higher in neonates with birth weight less than 2500 g and a gestational age of less than 37 weeks. In the mothers, it was high in single parenthood, primiparous and in housewives and students..
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There has been a steady decline of neonatal mortality since 2004. Neonatal sepsis, prematurity, birth asphyxia and congenital malformations were the major causes of neonatal deaths. Neonatal sepsis remained constant although at lower rates over the study period.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I/Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital, Cameroon.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mah Mungyeh
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I/Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital, Cameroon.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chiabi
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I/Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital, Cameroon.
authors.forename: F L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Tchokoteu Pouasse
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I/Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital, Cameroon.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nguefack
authors.affiliation: Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital, Cameroon.
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Bogne
authors.affiliation: Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital, Cameroon.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Siyou
authors.affiliation: Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital, Cameroon.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Soh Fru
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I/Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital, Cameroon.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mbonda
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I/Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital, Cameroon.
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Tchokoteu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002163:Cameroon / Q000453:epidemiology; D002423:Cause of Death; D005260:Female; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007226:Infant Mortality; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases / Q000401:mortality*; D007363:Intensive Care Units, Neonatal / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Cameroon; mortality; neonates; referral hospital