title: Formation of spatially and geometrically controlled three-dimensional tissues in soft gels by sacrificial micromolding.
abstract: Patterned three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models aim to more accurately represent the in vivo architecture of a tissue for the purposes of testing drugs, studying multicellular biology, or engineering functional tissues. However, patterning 3D multicellular structures within very soft hydrogels (<500 Pa) that mimic the physicochemical environment of many tissues remains a challenge for existing methods. To overcome this challenge, we use a Sacrificial Micromolding technique to temporarily form spatially and geometrically defined 3D cell aggregates in degradable scaffolds before transferring and culturing them in a reconstituted extracellular matrix. Herein, we demonstrate that Sacrificial Micromolding (1) promotes cyst formation and proper polarization of established epithelial cell lines, (2) allows reconstitution of heterotypic cell-cell interactions in multicomponent epithelia, and (3) can be used to control the lumenization-state of epithelial cysts as a function of tissue size. In addition, we discuss the potential of Sacrificial Micromolding as a cell-patterning tool for future studies.
authors.affiliation: 1UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, Department of Bioengineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California.|6Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: Alec
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cerchiari
authors.affiliation: 2Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, California.
authors.forename: James C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Garbe
authors.affiliation: 3TETRAD Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.|4Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Todhunter
authors.affiliation: 4Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.|5Chemistry and Chemical Biology Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: Noel Y
authors.initials: NY
authors.lastname: Jee
authors.affiliation: 1UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, Department of Bioengineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California.|6Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Pinney
authors.affiliation: 2Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, California.
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: LaBarge
authors.affiliation: 1UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, Department of Bioengineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California.|5Chemistry and Chemical Biology Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.|6Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: Tejal A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Desai
authors.affiliation: 1UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, Department of Bioengineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California.|3TETRAD Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.|4Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.|7University of California San Francisco Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: Zev J
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Gartner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D004285:Dogs; D006801:Humans; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000737:chemistry*; D061985:Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D020100:Hydrogels