title: Improving CSF Biomarkers' Performance for Predicting Progression from Mild Cognitive Impairment to Alzheimer's Disease by Considering Different Confounding Factors: A Meta-Analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers' performance for predicting conversion from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's disease (AD) is still suboptimal.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  By considering several confounding factors we aimed to identify in which situations these CSF biomarkers can be useful.
  
  
  METHODS
  A systematic review was conducted on MEDLINE, PreMedline, EMBASE, PsycInfo, CINAHL, Cochrane, and CRD (1990-2013).
  
  
  METHODS
  (1) Prospective studies of CSF biomarkers' performance for predicting conversion from MCI to AD/dementia; (2) inclusion of Aβ42 and T-tau and/or p-tau. Several meta-analyses were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Aβ42/p-tau ratio had high capacity to predict conversion to AD in MCI patients younger than 70 years. The p-tau had high capacity to identify MCI cases converting to AD in ≤24 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Explaining how different confounding factors influence CSF biomarkers' predictive performance is mandatory to elaborate a definitive map of situations, where these CSF biomarkers are useful both in clinics and research.
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Canarian Foundation of Health and Research (FUNCIS) , Las Palmas de Gran Canaria , Spain ; Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC) , Santa Cruz de Tenerife , Spain.
authors.forename: Amado
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rivero-Santana
authors.affiliation: Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC) , Santa Cruz de Tenerife , Spain ; Evaluation Unit of the Canary Islands Health Service (SESCS) , Santa Cruz de Tenerife , Spain ; Center for Biomedical Research of the Canary Islands (CIBICAN), University of La Laguna , Tenerife , Spain.
authors.forename: Lilisbeth
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Perestelo-Pérez
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Westman
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden.
authors.forename: Lars-Olof
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Wahlund
authors.affiliation: Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC) , Santa Cruz de Tenerife , Spain ; Agency for Health Technology Assessment (AETS), Institute of Health Carlos III , Madrid , Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sarría
authors.affiliation: Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC) , Santa Cruz de Tenerife , Spain ; Evaluation Unit of the Canary Islands Health Service (SESCS) , Santa Cruz de Tenerife , Spain ; Center for Biomedical Research of the Canary Islands (CIBICAN), University of La Laguna , Tenerife , Spain.
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Serrano-Aguilar
keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; CSF biomarkers; confounding factors; meta-analysis; mild cognitive impairment; systematic review