title: Interaction of quantitative (18)F-FDG-PET-CT imaging parameters and human papillomavirus status in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) have a better survival than with HPV-negative oropharyngeal SCC. An (18) F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-CT ((18) F-FDG-PET-CT) may also provide prognostic information. We evaluated glycolytic characteristics in HPV-negative and HPV-positive oropharyngeal SCC.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-four patients underwent pretreatment (18) F-FDG-PET-CT. Standardized uptake values (SUVs) and metabolic active tumor volumes (MATVs) were determined for primary tumors. HPV status was determined with p16 immunostaining, followed by high-risk HPV DNA detection on the positive cases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-seven patients were HPV-positive (61.4%). Median MATV was 2.8 mL (range = 1.6-5.1 mL) for HPV-positive and 6.0 mL (range = 4.4-18.7 mL) for HPV-negative tumors (p < .001). SUV values are volume dependent (partial volume effect), therefore, MATV was included as covariate in multivariate analysis. In this multivariate analysis, the maximum SUV in HPV-positive tumors was 3.9 units lower than in HPV-negative tumors (p = .01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The (18) F-FDG-PET-CT parameters are lower in HPV-positive than in HPV-negative patients. Low pretreatment SUV values in HPV-positive oropharyngeal SCC may be at least partly explained by HPV-induced tumor changes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Charlotte S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Schouten
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hakim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Boellaard
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology, VU University Medical Center/Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.|Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bloemena
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Patricia A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Doornaert
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Birgit I
authors.initials: BI
authors.lastname: Witte
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Boudewijn J M
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Braakhuis
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ruud H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Brakenhoff
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: C René
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Leemans
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Otto S
authors.initials: OS
authors.lastname: Hoekstra
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Remco
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de Bree
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009959:Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D027383:Papillomaviridae; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D000072078:Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D000077195:Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18
keywords: 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-CT (18F-FDG PET-CT); human papillomavirus; metabolic active tumor volume; oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma; standardized uptake value; tumor heterogeneity