title: Development of Taiwan's strategies for regulating nanotechnology-based pharmaceuticals harmonized with international considerations.
abstract: Nanotechnology offers potential in pharmaceuticals and biomedical developments for improving drug delivery systems, medical imaging, diagnosis, cancer therapy, and regenerative medicine. Although there is no international regulation or legislation specifically for nanomedicine, it is agreed worldwide that considerably more attention should be paid to the quality, safety, and efficacy of nanotechnology-based drugs. The US Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency have provided several draft regulatory guidance and reflection papers to assist the development of nanomedicines. To cope with the impact of nanotechnology and to foster its pharmaceutical applications and development in Taiwan, this article reviews the trends of regulating nanotechnology-based pharmaceuticals in the international community and proposes strategies for Taiwan's regulation harmonized with international considerations. The draft regulatory measures include a chemistry, manufacturing, and controls (CMC) review checklist and guidance for CMC review of liposomal products. These have been submitted for discussion among an expert committee, with membership comprised of multidisciplinary academia, research institutions, the pharmaceutical industry, and regulators, and are currently approaching final consensus. Once a consensus is reached, these mechanisms will be recommended to the Taiwan Food and Drug Administration for jurisdiction and may be initiated as the starting point for regulating nanotechnology-based pharmaceuticals in Taiwan.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Chung Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jiun-Wen
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Hsuan
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsiau-Wen
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Mei-Chyun
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Tzou
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ying-Jan
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Chung Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan ; Center for Pharmaceutical Regulatory Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jui-Chen
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Tsai
mesh_terms: D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D004345:Drug Industry / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D006801:Humans; D038622:Internationality; D007880:Legislation, Drug / Q000458:organization & administration*; D050997:Nanomedicine / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D013624:Taiwan
keywords: CMC review; nanomedicine; nanotechnology; pharmaceuticals; regulatory guidance