title: Cauda equina-derived extracellular matrix for fabrication of nanostructured hybrid scaffolds applied to neural tissue engineering.
abstract: Extracellular matrix (ECM) components have become important candidate materials for use as neural scaffolds for neural tissue engineering. In the current study, we prepared cauda equina-derived ECM materials for the production of scaffolds. Natural porcine cauda equina was decellularized using Triton X-100 and sodium deoxycholate, shattered physically, and made into a suspension by differential centrifugation. The decellularization procedure resulted in the removal of >94% of the nuclear material and preserved the extracellular collagen and sulfated glycosaminoglycan. Immunofluorescent staining confirmed the presence of collagen type I, laminin, and fibronectin in the ECM. The cauda equine-derived ECM was blended with poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) to fabricate nanostructured scaffolds using electrospinning. The incorporation of the ECM increased the hydrophilicity of the scaffolds. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and multiphoton-induced autofluorescence images showed the presence of the ECM in the scaffolds. ECM/PLGA scaffolds were beneficial for the survival of Schwann cells compared with scaffolds consisting of PLGA alone, and the aligned fibers could regulate cell morphologic features by modulating cellular orientation. Axons in the dorsal root ganglia explants extended to a greater extent along ECM/PLGA compared with PLGA-alone fibers. The cauda equina ECM might be a promising material for forming scaffolds for use in neural tissue engineering.
authors.affiliation: 1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing, P.R. China .
authors.forename: Xiaoxiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zhiyuan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Haoye
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Jingxiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Yudong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002420:Cauda Equina / Q000378:metabolism*; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D048430:Cell Shape; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism*; D005727:Ganglia, Spinal / Q000166:cytology; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D057139:Nanofibers / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009420:Nervous System / Q000378:metabolism*; D016501:Neurites / Q000378:metabolism; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012583:Schwann Cells / Q000166:cytology; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D034421:Sus scrofa; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D004247:DNA