title: Concentrating immunoprotective phytoactive compounds from fruits and vegetables into shelf-stable protein-rich ingredients.
abstract: Co-delivery of edible proteins with health-protective fruit (muscadine grape) and vegetable (kale) phytoactive compounds was accomplished in a biofortified ingredient for use in convenient, portable food formulations. Polyphenolics were concentrated (10-42 mg/g range) in dry muscadine-protein matrices. Kale-fortified protein matrices also captured polyphenolics (8 mg/g), carotenoids (69 μg/g) and glucosinolates (7 μmol/g). Neither total phenolics nor glucosinolates were significantly diminished even after long term (6 months) storage at 4, 20, or 37 °C, whereas carotenoids degraded over time, particularly at higher temperatures. Dry biofortified phytoactive-protein ingredients allowed delivery of immunoprotective compounds from fruits and vegetables in a stable, lightweight matrix.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina Research Campus, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA.
authors.forename: Gad G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Yousef
authors.forename: Mary H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Grace
authors.forename: Jorge L Guerrero
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Medina
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Neff
authors.forename: Ivette
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Guzman
authors.forename: Allan F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Ilya
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Raskin
authors.forename: Mary Ann
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lila
mesh_terms: D001937:Brassica / Q000737:chemistry*; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000032:analysis*; D004032:Diet; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D005511:Food Handling; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D055951:Functional Food; D005961:Glucosinolates / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000032:analysis*; D014675:Vegetables / Q000737:chemistry; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004044:Dietary Proteins; D005961:Glucosinolates; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; D002338:Carotenoids