title: Effect of superfine grinding on the physico-chemical, morphological and thermogravimetric properties of Lentinus edodes mushroom powders.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Lentinus edodes is an edible mushroom commonly known as shiitake, which is the second most produced and consumed edible mushroom in the world and is an important nutrient source in the human diet. To fully use L. edodes, the mushrooms are occasionally ground into powder as a flavourful and functional food additive.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study produces powders from the cap and stipe of Lentinus edodes mushrooms through superfine grinding. These powders are composed of sub-micron range particles with various size distributions. The superfine grinding process is then compared with shear pulverisation to determine the different effects on both the cap and stipe powders in terms of particle size and physico-chemical, morphological and thermogravimetric properties.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When average particle size was reduced to 0.54 and 0.46 µm, respectively, the moisture and protein content, angles of repose and slide, and water holding capacity of the powders decreased to varied extents. However, soluble dietary fibre, water solubility index, and swelling capacity increased. Scanning electron microscope images suggested that the superfine grinding process effectively changed the original surface structure of the L. edodes powders. The curves of thermogravimetric analysis and those of the derivatives of thermogravimetry indicated that superfine grinding can improve the thermostability of L. edodes powders. Furthermore, superfinely ground L. edodes powders may be used as pharmaceutical or food additives in various fields.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study suggests that superfinely ground L. edodes powders may be applied in various fields as pharmaceutical or food additives.
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ming
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Long
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jinlong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D005511:Food Handling; D006801:Humans; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010316:Particle Size; D011208:Powders; D020942:Shiitake Mushrooms
chemical_list: D011208:Powders
keywords: Lentinus edodes; morphology; physico-chemistry; superfine grinding; thermogravimetry