title: Multidisciplinary treatment options of tooth avulsion considering different therapy concepts.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Avulsion of permanent front teeth is a rare accident, mostly affecting children between seven and nine years of age. Replanted and splinted, these teeth often develop inflammation, severe resorption or ankylosis affecting alveolar bone development and have to be extracted sooner or later.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate different therapy concepts to create a structured concept for the treatment of avulsions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Based on existing therapy concepts, a concept for different initial conditions (dry time, age, growth, tooth, hard and soft tissues) was developed and is presented here.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A great deal of research has been performed during recent years and guidelines for the management of avulsions have been published. With the help of this literature it is possible to identify the best treatment procedure for each tooth.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prognosis of avulsed teeth can be improved by considering evidence-based therapy concepts. Resorption, ankylosis and tooth loss could be minimized.
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Assmannshauser Straße 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Eckehard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kostka
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine, Dental Radiology and Oral Surgery, Assmannshauser Straße 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Meissner
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Dentofacial Orthopedics and Pedodontics, Assmannshauser Straße 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Christian H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Finke
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Dentofacial Orthopedics and Pedodontics, Assmannshauser Straße 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Manlio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mandirola
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Assmannshauser Straße 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Saskia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Preissner
keywords: Pulp regeneration; pulp revascularization; tooth avulsion; tooth loss; tooth replantation; trauma.