title: Mechanisms underlying attenuation of apoptosis of cortical neurons in the hypoxic brain by flavonoids from the stems and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi.
abstract: Flavonoids from the stems and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, an antioxidant, markedly improve memory impairments and neuronal injuries. In the present study, primary cortical neurons of rats were exposed to potassium cyanide to establish a model of in vitro neural cell apoptosis. Inhibition of apoptosis by flavonoids from the stems and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi at concentrations of 18.98, 37.36, and 75.92 μg/mL was detected using this model. These flavonoids dramatically increased cell survival, inhibited cell apoptosis and excessive production of malondialdehyde, and increased the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase in primary cortical neurons exposed to potassium cyanide. The flavonoids from the stems and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi were originally found to have a polyhydric structure and to protect against cerebral hypoxia in in vitro and in vivo models, including hypoxia induced by potassium cyanide or cerebral ischemia. The present study suggests that flavonoids from the stems and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi exert neuroprotective effects via modulation of oxidative stress, such as malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase disorders induced by potassium cyanide.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical College / Key Subject Construction Project of Hebei Provincial College / Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Development, Chengde, Hebei Province, China.
authors.forename: Guangxin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical College / Key Subject Construction Project of Hebei Provincial College / Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Development, Chengde, Hebei Province, China.
authors.forename: Hongxiang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical College / Key Subject Construction Project of Hebei Provincial College / Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Development, Chengde, Hebei Province, China.
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical College / Key Subject Construction Project of Hebei Provincial College / Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Development, Chengde, Hebei Province, China.
authors.forename: Jianjun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical College / Key Subject Construction Project of Hebei Provincial College / Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Development, Chengde, Hebei Province, China.
authors.forename: Shufeng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical College / Key Subject Construction Project of Hebei Provincial College / Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Development, Chengde, Hebei Province, China.
authors.forename: Xiaofeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei Province, China.
authors.forename: Zhenling
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical College / Key Subject Construction Project of Hebei Provincial College / Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Development, Chengde, Hebei Province, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical College / Key Subject Construction Project of Hebei Provincial College / Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Development, Chengde, Hebei Province, China.
authors.forename: Yazhen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shang
keywords: Na+-K+-ATPase; Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi; apoptosis; brain injury; flavonoids; nerve regeneration; neural regeneration; oxidative stress; potassium cyanide