title: The plasma B-type natriuretic peptide levels are low in males with stable ischemic heart disease (IHD) compared to those observed in patients with non-IHD: a retrospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although the plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) level is a marker of heart failure, it is unclear whether BNP per se plays a pivotal role for pathogenic mechanisms underlying the development of ischemic heart disease (IHD). In this study, we retrospectively examined the plasma BNP levels in stable patients with IHD and compared to stable patients with cardiovascular diseases other than IHD.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study population was 2088 patients (1698 males and 390 females) who were admitted to our hospital due to IHD (n = 1,661) and non-IHD (n = 427) and underwent cardiac catheterization. Measurements of the hemodynamic parameters and blood sampling were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The plasma BNP levels were significantly lower in the IHD group than in the non-IHD group (p<0.001). The multiple regression analysis examining the logBNP values showed that age, a male gender, low left ventricular ejection fraction, low body mass index, serum creatinine, atrial fibrillation and IHD per se were significant explanatory variables. When the total study population was divided according to gender, the plasma BNP levels were found to be significantly lower in the IHD group than in the non-IHD group among males (p<0.001), but not females (p = NS). Furthermore, a multiple logistic regression analysis of IHD showed the logBNP value to be a significant explanatory variable in males (regression coefficient: -0.669, p<0.001), but not females (p = NS).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The plasma BNP levels were relatively low in stable patients with IHD compared with those observed in stable patients with non-IHD; this tendency was evident in males. Perhaps, the low reactivity of BNP is causally associated with IHD in males. We hope that this study will serve as a test of future prospective studies.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kosuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Minai
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawai
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kimiaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Komukai
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshikazu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomohisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagoshi
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arase
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasunori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sekiyama
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Urabe
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Seiichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsuo
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hongo
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Michihiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000097:blood*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain