title: Influence of caffeine and hyaluronic acid on collagen biosynthesis in human skin fibroblasts.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of caffeine on collagen biosynthesis in human skin fibroblasts and the influence of hyaluronic acid (HA) on this process.
  
  
  METHODS
  Collagen, [(3)H]-thymidine incorporation, and prolidase activity were measured in confluent human skin fibroblast cultures that had been treated with 1, 2, and 5 mM caffeine and with caffeine and 500 μg/mL HA. Western immunoblot analysis was performed to evaluate expression of β1-integrin receptor, insulin-like growth factor receptor phospho-Akt protein and mitogen-activated protein kinase (phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Caffeine inhibited collagen biosynthesis in a dose-dependent manner. The mechanism of this process was found at the level of prolidase activity. Caffeine significantly inhibited the enzyme activity. The addition of HA had no effect on collagen biosynthesis or prolidase activity in fibroblasts incubated with caffeine. Caffeine also had an inhibitory effect on DNA biosynthesis. HA, however, did not have any significant effect on this process. The inhibition of the expression of β1-integrin and insulin-like growth factor receptor in fibroblasts incubated with the caffeine indicates a possible mechanism of inhibition of collagen biosynthesis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Caffeine reduces collagen synthesis in human cultured skin fibroblasts. HA did not have any significant protective effect on this process. This is the first study to our knowledge that reports caffeine-induced inhibition of collagen synthesis in human skin fibroblasts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Esthetic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Donejko
authors.affiliation: Department of Esthetic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Przylipiak
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Edyta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rysiak
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Głuszuk
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Arkadiusz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Surażyński
mesh_terms: D002110:Caffeine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003094:Collagen / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012867:Skin / Q000166:cytology*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D002110:Caffeine; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D003094:Collagen
keywords: caffeine; collagen; fibroblast; hyaluronic acid