title: Impact of medication and psychological behaviour assessment by community pharmacists in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients after hospital stay.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Drug related problem (DRPs) is a key factor which will affect the outcome of therapy and safety.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the DRPs in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and psychological aspects of patients by community pharmacists to observe the rate of DRP.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective randomized controlled intervention study involved T2DM patients and conducted in two community pharmacies at Kanpur from January 2012 to December 2012. The assessment of DRPs was based on the PCNE. Changes in glycosylated hemoglobin (HBA1c), low density lipoproteins (LDL), blood pressure(BP), foot examinations, changes medical and medication utilization were studied. Using as control group, received usual care, and interventional group provided, intervened with use of the standard treatment guidelines (STG). Researcher provided the knowledge to community pharmacists and patients. Baseline and interventional data were collected at 0,3,6,9 and 12 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Over the 12 month study, participants' average HBA1C reduced from 8.9% at initial visit to 7.5%. During this time, the eye examination rate was raised from 31% to 48%, and the foot examination rate was raised from 35% to 50%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The intervention of pharmacists showed little influence on any of the intermediate health outcomes in T2DM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, GSVM Medical College, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Sudhir Singh
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Gangwar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Monisha
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Jainaf
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nachiya
authors.affiliation: Andhra Yuvathi Mandali, School of Pharmacy, Barkatpura, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh.
authors.forename: Kanchana
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Narasingarao
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Parimalakrishnan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, GSVM Medical College, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Seo Pratap
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007902:Length of Stay; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010594:Pharmacies; D010595:Pharmacists; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012648:Self Care; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL
keywords: Drug related problems; Medication review; PCNE classification; Psychological behavior; Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus