title: Atherosclerotic effects of long-term old and new antiepileptic drugs monotherapy: a cross-sectional comparative study.
abstract: This work aimed to evaluate the metabolic and atherogenic effects of long-term antiepileptic drugs in a group of Egyptian epileptic patients. Sixty-nine epileptic patients on antiepileptic drug monotherapy for at least 2 years and 34 control subjects were recruited in this study. Patients were divided into 5 subgroups according to antiepileptic drugs used (valproate, carbamazepine, lamotrigine, topiramate, and levetiracetam). Fasting lipid profile (total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), lipoprotein(a), homocysteine, free thyroxine, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and common carotid artery intima-media thickness were measured for all subjects. Significant higher mean values of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein / high-density lipoprotein ratio, lipoprotein(a), homocysteine, significantly lower mean value of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and significantly larger diameter of common carotid artery intima-media thickness were observed in each drug-treated group versus control group. Our study supports that long-term monotherapy treatment with valproate, carbamazepine, lamotrigine, and topiramate had altered markers of vascular risk that might enhance atherosclerosis, whereas levetiracetam exerted minimal effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: Reham M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: El-Farahaty
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ashraf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: El-Mitwalli
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: Hanan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Azzam
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: Yasser
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wasel
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiodiagnosis, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mohamed M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Elrakhawy
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt bothinammh@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Bothina Mohammed
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Hasaneen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002220:Carbamazepine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D004828:Epilepsies, Partial / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D004829:Epilepsy, Generalized / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005632:Fructose / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D002537:Intracranial Arteriosclerosis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism; D000077213:Lamotrigine; D000077287:Levetiracetam; D008297:Male; D010889:Piracetam / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077236:Topiramate; D014227:Triazines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014635:Valproic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D014227:Triazines; D000077236:Topiramate; D005632:Fructose; D002220:Carbamazepine; D000077287:Levetiracetam; D014635:Valproic Acid; D000077213:Lamotrigine; D010889:Piracetam
keywords: antiepileptic; atherosclerotic markers