title: Comparative genomic analysis of Staphylococcus aureus FORC_001 and S. aureus MRSA252 reveals the characteristics of antibiotic resistance and virulence factors for human infection.
abstract: Staphylococcus aureus is an important foodborne pathogen that causes diverse diseases ranging from minor infections to life-threatening conditions in humans and animals. To further understand its pathogenesis, the genome of the strain S. aureus FORC_001 was isolated from a contaminated food. Its genome consists of 2,886,017 bp double-stranded DNA with a GC content of 32.8%. It is predicted to contain 2,728 open reading frames, 57 tRNAs, and 6 rRNA operons, including 1 additional 5S rRNA gene. Comparative phylogenetic tree analysis of 40 complete S. aureus genome sequences using average nucleotide identity (ANI) revealed that strain FORC_001 belonged to Group I. The closest phylogenetic match was S. aureus MRSA252, according to a whole-genome ANI (99.87%), suggesting that they might share a common ancestor. Comparative genome analysis of FORC_001 and MRSA252 revealed two non-homologous regions: Regions I and II. The presence of various antibiotic resistance genes, including the SCCmec cluster in Region I of MRSA252, suggests that this strain might have acquired the SCCmec cluster to adapt to specific environments containing methicillin. Region II of both genomes contains prophage regions but their DNA sequence identity is very low, suggesting that the prophages might differ. This is the first report of the complete genome sequence of S. aureus isolated from a real foodborne outbreak in South Korea. This report would be helpful to extend our understanding about the genome, general characteristics, and virulence factors of S. aureus for further studies of pathogenesis, rapid detection, and epidemiological investigation in foodborne outbreak.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sooyeon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Dong-Hoon
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Woori
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kwak
authors.forename: Hakdong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Hye-Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Ku
authors.forename: Jong-Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Gun Eui
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Heebal
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sang-Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Sangryeol
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: Ju-Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D019295:Computational Biology; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D005516:Food Microbiology; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D023281:Genomics; D006801:Humans; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D010802:Phylogeny; D039002:Prophages / Q000235:genetics; D056910:Republic of Korea; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D045730:Soy Foods / Q000382:microbiology*; D013202:Staphylococcal Food Poisoning / Q000382:microbiology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D037521:Virulence Factors