title: Herpes zoster vaccine (HZV): utilization and coverage 2009 - 2013, Alberta, Canada.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Herpes zoster vaccine (HZV) is not publicly funded in the province of Alberta, Canada. We estimated vaccine coverage among those aged 60 years or older for 2013, as well as vaccine utilization rates per hundred thousand population over the period 2009 - 2013. We explored for factors associated with HZV dispensing rates.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used administrative data from the Alberta Pharmaceutical Information Network (PIN) database to identify unique persons for whom HZV had been dispensed from community pharmacies over 2009 - 2013. PIN data were also used to estimate the pharmacy/population ratios for rural and urban Alberta over the period. Denominators for rates were estimated using mid-year population estimates from the Alberta Health Care Insurance Plan Registry. Income quintile data were estimated from the 2006 Census of Canada. Crude, age, sex, geographic (rural vs. urban), income-quintile and year specific rates of HZV vaccine dispensing were estimated per 100,000 population. Rates were adjusted for pharmacy/population ratio. Vaccine coverage for persons aged 60 years or older was estimated using counts of all unique persons for whom the vaccine was dispensed over the period in the numerator and a 2013 mid- year population denominator.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HZV dispensing rates rose annually from 2009 - 2013. Vaccine coverage was estimated to be 8.4% among persons aged 60 years or older. Rates of dispensing were highest for persons aged 60-69 years and were higher for females than males and for persons from higher compared to lower income quintiles. Dispensing rates were lower for rural than for urban residents. About 2% of vaccine was dispensed for persons aged less than 50 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rates of HZV dispensing are increasing rapidly in Alberta despite a lack of public funding. A small proportion of the vaccine may be dispensed off-label.
authors.forename: Xianfang C
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Kimberley A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Simmonds
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4Z6, Canada. mlrussel@ucalgary.ca.
authors.forename: Margaret L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: Lawrence W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Svenson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000416:Alberta / Q000453:epidemiology; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005260:Female; D006562:Herpes Zoster / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D053061:Herpes Zoster Vaccine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010594:Pharmacies / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014611:Vaccination / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
chemical_list: D053061:Herpes Zoster Vaccine