title: [Physical characterization of decellularized cartilage matrix for reconstructive rhinosurgery].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The use of autologous auricular and rib cartilage for the reconstruction of nasal defects and deformities is associated with a number of disadvantages. The development of alternative materials is therefore the focus of intensive research. Recent studies demonstrated that decellularized cartilage is a promising material for cartilage tissue engineering. Hence, the aim of this study was to characterize the materials surface and cellular reactions to the decellularized cartilage matrix in long term-3D-culture.
  
  
  METHODS
  Material geometry of decellularized cartilage was examined by microcomputed tomography as well as material characteristics by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The expression of integrins on the surface of human chondrocytes was determined after seeding and migration into the scaffold.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After decellularization an obvious enlargement of the matrix surface and an intensive interaction between the chondrocytes and the collagen matrix was observed. ITGA1 and ITGB1 were upregulated indicating chondrogenic differentiation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Therefore, decellularized porcine cartilage provides an optimal microstructure for human chondrocytes with respect to cell integration and matrix production. Thus, it offers promising characteristics for clinical application in reconstructive surgery.
authors.affiliation: Universitätsklinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Ulm.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Goldberg-Bockhorn
authors.affiliation: Universitätsklinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Ulm.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schwarz
authors.affiliation: Universitätsklinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Ulm.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Elsässer
authors.affiliation: Institut für Unfallchirurgische Forschung und Biomechanik, Zentrum für Muskuloskelettale Forschung, Universität Ulm.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Seitz
authors.affiliation: Lehrstuhl für Bioverfahrenstechnik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Erlangen.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Körber
authors.affiliation: Institut für Unfallchirurgische Forschung und Biomechanik, Zentrum für Muskuloskelettale Forschung, Universität Ulm.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dürselen
authors.affiliation: Institut für Unfallchirurgische Forschung und Biomechanik, Zentrum für Muskuloskelettale Forschung, Universität Ulm.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ignatius
authors.affiliation: Universitätsklinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Ulm.
authors.forename: E-M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Feldmann
authors.affiliation: Universitätsklinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Ulm.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scheithauer
authors.affiliation: Lehrstuhl für Bioverfahrenstechnik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Erlangen.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Breiter
authors.affiliation: Universitätsklinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Ulm.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rotter
mesh_terms: D002356:Cartilage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000637:transplantation* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000637:transplantation / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006801:Humans; D064235:Matrilin Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D017348:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning Transmission; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography
chemical_list: D064235:Matrilin Proteins