title: Clonorchis sinensis infestation promotes three-dimensional aggregation and invasion of cholangiocarcinoma cells.
abstract: Numerous experimental and epidemiological studies have demonstrated a correlation between Clonorchis sinensis (C. sinensis) infestation and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). However, the role of C. sinensis in the increased invasiveness and proliferation involved in the malignancy of CCA has not been addressed yet. Here, we investigated the possibility that C. sinensis infestation promotes expression of focal and cell-cell adhesion proteins in CCA cells and secretion of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Adhesion proteins help maintain cell aggregates, and MMPs promote the three-dimensional invasion of cells into the neighboring extracellular matrix (ECM). Using a novel microfluidic assay, we quantitatively addressed the role of excretory-secretory products (ESPs) gradients from C. sinensis in promoting the invasion of cells into the neighboring ECM.
authors.affiliation: School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jihee
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Won
authors.affiliation: Division of Malaria & Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jung-Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Ju
authors.affiliation: Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sun Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yoojin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seok
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jhang Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Pak
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001653:Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology; D002449:Cell Aggregation; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000473:pathology*; D003003:Clonorchiasis / Q000469:parasitology*; D003004:Clonorchis sinensis / Q000502:physiology*; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism; D022001:Focal Adhesions / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D046210:Microfluidic Analytical Techniques; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases