title: Injuries and violence in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: a review of the health, economic and social burden.
abstract: We review current literature and data on the burden of injury and violence in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) of the World Health Organization (WHO), with a special focus on the health, economic and social burden they impose on individuals, families and society. Injury-associated mortality and disability is on the rise in EMR, especially among economically productive adults, young males and vulnerable road users. In particular, road traffic injuries, the leading cause of injuries, account for 27% of the total injury and violence mortality in EMR according to WHO. Violence including suicide, homicide and war-related injury has also been increasing over the past two decades for both females and males. There is need for greater interest and efforts in slowing and ultimately halting the trend through interventions, legislative actions, and research that examine the special needs and challenges in the Region.
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins International Injury Research Unit, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (MD), United States of America.
authors.forename: Abdulgafoor M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Bachani
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins International Injury Research Unit, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (MD), United States of America.
authors.forename: Xiaoge Julia
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins International Injury Research Unit, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (MD), United States of America.
authors.forename: Katharine A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins International Injury Research Unit, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (MD), United States of America.
authors.forename: Adnan A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Hyder
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000191:economics / Q000401:mortality* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002423:Cause of Death / Q000639:trends; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017281:Cost of Illness; D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006708:Homicide / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D019083:Mediterranean Region / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D013405:Suicide / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014754:Violence / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014857:Warfare; D014944:World Health Organization; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality*; D055815:Young Adult