title: [Inhibitory effect of endostar on lymphangiogenesis in non-small cell lung cancer and its effect on circulating tumor cells].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It is unclear how could endostatin effect tumor lymphangiogenesis? The aim of this study is to explore inhibitory effect of recombinant human endostatin injection (endostar) on lymphangiogenesis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissue and its effect on circulating tumor cells (CTC) in peripheral blood.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tumor-bearing model nude mice were divided into eight groups randomly (n=7), including control group, cisplatin group, several concentration endostar groups and endostar plus cisplatin groups. Continuous administration of Endostar for two weeks, observed one week after the end of administration. Using HE staining and immunohistochemical staining to diagnose the tumor tissue and suspect metastasis lymph nodes, detected vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C, VEGF-D, VEGF receptor (VEGFR)-3 expression level and microlymphatic vessel density (MLVD) of tumor tissue. Enrichment of circulating tumor cells in peripheral blood used immunomagnetic negative selection strategy, used immunofluorescence staining to diagnose and count CTCs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Microlymphatic vessel density and the positive expression rate of VEGF-C, VEGF-D, VEGFR-3 in three endostar groups and three endostar plus cisplatin groups were significantly less than those in control group and cisplatin group. Microlymphatic vessel density and the positive expression rate of VEGF-C, VEGF-D, VEGFR-3 in endostar plus cisplatin group and endostar group with high endostar concentration were significantly less than those with low endostar concentration; There was a significant positive correlation between microlymphatic vessel density and the positive expression rate of VEGF-C, VEGF-D, VEGFR-3. The number of circulating tumor cells in endostar plus cisplatin groups were significantly less than that of endostar or cisplatin alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endostar could inhibit tumor lymphangiogenesis and reduce tumor cells into the bloodstream through the lymphatic. Inhibitory effect concerned with drug concentrationwith a dose-dependant.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China.
authors.forename: Liqun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China.
authors.forename: Wang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China.
authors.forename: Xuechang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China.
authors.forename: Weian
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China.
authors.forename: Junqiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China.
authors.forename: Caiying
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yue
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D043169:Endostatins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D042583:Lymphangiogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009360:Neoplastic Cells, Circulating / Q000187:drug effects*; D042582:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C / Q000378:metabolism; D042643:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor D / Q000378:metabolism; D040321:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-3 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D043169:Endostatins; D042582:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C; D042643:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor D; D040321:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-3