title: Immunohistochemical expression of interleukin-2 receptor and interleukin-6 in patients with prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia: association with asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis NIH category IV.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study prospectively investigated the immunohistochemical expression of interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in patients with prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and a possible association of these conditions with asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis National Institutes of Health (NIH) category IV.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 139 consecutive patients who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate and transvesical enucleation of the prostate (n = 82) or radical prostatectomy (n = 57). To characterize inflammatory changes the criteria proposed by Irani et al. [J Urol 1997;157:1301-3] were used. IL-2R and IL-6 expression was studied by a standard immunohistochemical method. Results were correlated with tumour, node, metastasis stage, Gleason scores, total prostate-specific antigen, International Prostate Symptom Score and body mass index.
  
  
  RESULTS
  IL-2R and IL-6 expression was significantly higher in neoplastic prostate cancer tissue than in normal tissue of prostate cancer patients (p < 0.001 and p < 0.04, respectively). Prostate cancer patients with prostatitis showed significantly higher IL-2R expression than those without inflammation (p < 0.03). In patients with BPH, expression of IL-2R as well as IL-6 was higher in patients with prostatitis than in those without (p < 0.01 and p < 0.02, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IL-2R and IL-6 expression was significantly higher in prostate cancer tissue than in normal tissue. Patients with asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis NIH category IV showed significantly greater activity.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Urology and Andrology.
authors.forename: Paul Friedrich
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Engelhardt
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Seklehner
authors.forename: Hermann
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Brustmann
authors.forename: Lukas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lusuardi
authors.forename: Claus R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Riedl
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D001706:Biopsy; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009316:National Institutes of Health (U.S.); D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011467:Prostate / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000379:methods; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D011472:Prostatitis / Q000145:classification* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D015850:Interleukin-6; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2
keywords: Asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis NIH category IV; benign prostatic hyperplasia; inflammation; interleukin-2 receptor; interleukin-6; prostate cancer