title: Lipid mediators in the resolution of inflammation.
abstract: Mounting of the acute inflammatory response is crucial for host defense and pivotal to the development of chronic inflammation, fibrosis, or abscess formation versus the protective response and the need of the host tissues to return to homeostasis. Within self-limited acute inflammatory exudates, novel families of lipid mediators are identified, named resolvins (Rv), protectins, and maresins, which actively stimulate cardinal signs of resolution, namely, cessation of leukocytic infiltration, counterregulation of proinflammatory mediators, and the uptake of apoptotic neutrophils and cellular debris. The biosynthesis of these resolution-phase mediators in sensu stricto is initiated during lipid-mediator class switching, in which the classic initiators of acute inflammation, prostaglandins and leukotrienes (LTs), switch to produce specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs). In this work, we review recent evidence on the structure and functional roles of these novel lipid mediators of resolution. Together, these show that leukocyte trafficking and temporal spatial signals govern the resolution of self-limited inflammation and stimulate homeostasis.
authors.affiliation: Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
authors.forename: Charles N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Serhan
authors.affiliation: Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.affiliation: Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
authors.forename: Jesmond
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dalli
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
authors.forename: Bruce D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Levy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D044045:Lipoxins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D018448:Models, Immunological
chemical_list: D044045:Lipoxins; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids