title: Impaired neutrophil directional chemotactic accuracy in chronic periodontitis patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the chemotactic accuracy of peripheral blood neutrophils from patients with chronic periodontitis compared with matched healthy controls, before and after non-surgical periodontal therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Neutrophils were isolated from patients and controls (n = 18) by density centrifugation. Using the Insall chamber and video microscopy, neutrophils were analysed for directional chemotaxis towards N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine [fMLP (10 nM), or CXCL8 (200 ng/ml)]. Circular statistics were utilized for the analysis of cell movement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prior to treatment, neutrophils from patients with chronic periodontitis had significantly reduced speed, velocity and chemotactic accuracy compared to healthy controls for both chemoattractants. Following periodontal treatment, patient neutrophils continued to display reduced speed in response to both chemoattractants. However, velocity and accuracy were normalized for the weak chemoattractant CXCL8 while they remained significantly reduced for fMLP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chronic periodontitis is associated with reduced neutrophil chemotaxis, and this is only partially restored by successful treatment. Dysfunctional neutrophil chemotaxis may predispose patients with periodontitis to their disease by increasing tissue transit times, thus exacerbating neutrophil-mediated collateral host tissue damage.
authors.affiliation: Periodontal Research Group and MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
authors.forename: Helen M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: Martin R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Ling
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Insall
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kalna
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Spengler
authors.forename: Melissa M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.forename: Iain L C
authors.initials: IL
authors.lastname: Chapple
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002630:Chemotactic Factors / Q000494:pharmacology; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / Q000502:physiology*; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D012534:Dental Scaling / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000502:physiology*; D057747:Periodontal Debridement / Q000379:methods*; D010512:Periodontal Index; D016745:Root Planing / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: C508606:CXCL8 protein, human; D002630:Chemotactic Factors; D016209:Interleukin-8; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine
keywords: chemoattractant; chemotaxis; neutrophil; periodontitis; treatment