title: Nutritional supplementation with the mushroom Agaricus sylvaticus reduces oxidative stress in children with HIV.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The involvement of free radicals and oxidative stress in HIV infection has been extensively studied, and the benefits of antioxidant supplementation in animal studies have been demonstrated. However, few studies have demonstrated a benefit in clinical studies.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To verify the effects of dietary supplementation with Agaricus sylvaticus, a mushroom rich in antioxidants, on the oxidative profile of children born with HIV undergoing antiretroviral therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample included 24 children (both boys and girls) between two and eight years of age, of whom 10 were HIV positive and received supplementation with Agaricus sylvaticus for a three-month period, and 14 were HIV negative and received no supplementation. At the beginning and conclusion of the study, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), nitrite and nitrate (NN), Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, and the antioxidant capacity of inhibition of diphenyl-picrilhidrazil (DPPH) free radicals were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Before supplementation, significantly higher values of TBARS and NN, but decreased values of DPPH, were observed in infected subjects when compared with HIV-negative subjects. After supplementation, a reduction of TBARS and NN values and an increase in DPPH and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity values were observed in HIV-positive subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the present study suggest the involvement of oxidative stress in HIV infection, with the participation of NN synthesis. Additionally, supplementation reversed oxidative alterations and improved antioxidant defense in infected individuals, and may become a complementary strategy in the treatment of these patients.
authors.affiliation: Oxidative Stress Research Laboratory - Institute of Biological Sciences - Federal University of Para;
authors.forename: Marcela S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Figueira
authors.affiliation: Oxidative Stress Research Laboratory - Institute of Biological Sciences - Federal University of Para;
authors.forename: Luana A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Sá
authors.affiliation: Oxidative Stress Research Laboratory - Institute of Biological Sciences - Federal University of Para;
authors.forename: Amanda S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Vasconcelos
authors.affiliation: Oxidative Stress Research Laboratory - Institute of Biological Sciences - Federal University of Para;
authors.forename: Danilo R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.affiliation: Oxidative Stress Research Laboratory - Institute of Biological Sciences - Federal University of Para;
authors.forename: Paula Soc
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Laurindo
authors.affiliation: Oxidative Stress Research Laboratory - Institute of Biological Sciences - Federal University of Para;
authors.forename: Danielle Rg
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.affiliation: Oxidative Stress Research Laboratory - Institute of Biological Sciences - Federal University of Para;
authors.forename: Rogério S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Specialized Reference Unit for Maternal & Adolescent Children (URE MIA);
authors.forename: Paulo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Guzzo
authors.affiliation: Pharmacy Faculty, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Para - Belém, Pará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Dolabela
authors.affiliation: Oxidative Stress Research Laboratory - Institute of Biological Sciences - Federal University of Para;
authors.forename: Sandro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Percario
keywords: Agaricus sylvaticus; Antioxidants; Antiretroviral therapy; Children; HIV; Oxidative stress