title: K13-propeller polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum parasites from sub-Saharan Africa.
abstract: Mutations in the Plasmodium falciparum K13-propeller domain have recently been shown to be important determinants of artemisinin resistance in Southeast Asia. This study investigated the prevalence of K13-propeller polymorphisms across sub-Saharan Africa. A total of 1212 P. falciparum samples collected from 12 countries were sequenced. None of the K13-propeller mutations previously reported in Southeast Asia were found, but 22 unique mutations were detected, of which 7 were nonsynonymous. Allele frequencies ranged between 1% and 3%. Three mutations were observed in >1 country, and the A578S was present in parasites from 5 countries. This study provides the baseline prevalence of K13-propeller mutations in sub-Saharan Africa.
authors.affiliation: KEMRI/United States Army Medical Research Unit-Kenya, Kisumu.
authors.forename: Edwin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kamau
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton.
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Campino
authors.affiliation: Navrongo Health Research Centre.
authors.forename: Lucas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Amenga-Etego
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton.
authors.forename: Eleanor
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Drury
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Medical Research, Tanga, Tanzania.
authors.forename: Deus
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ishengoma
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Kimberly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Ecole de Santé Publique/Faculté de Médecine, Université de Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
authors.forename: Dieudonne
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mumba
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton.
authors.forename: Mihir
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kekre
authors.affiliation: Malaria Research and Control Center, National Institute of Public Health, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yavo
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mead
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Université des Sciences de la Santé, Libreville, Gabon.
authors.forename: Marielle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bouyou-Akotet
authors.affiliation: University of Buea, Cameroon.
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Apinjoh
authors.affiliation: Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University and Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Lemu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Golassa
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo.
authors.forename: Milijaona
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Randrianarivelojosia
authors.affiliation: KEMRI/United States Army Medical Research Unit-Kenya, Kisumu.
authors.forename: Ben
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Andagalu
authors.affiliation: Malaria Research and Training Centre, Department of Epidemiology of Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Science, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Mali Benhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Oumou
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Maiga-Ascofare
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Council, Gambia Unit, Serekunda.
authors.forename: Alfred
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amambua-Ngwa
authors.affiliation: Navrongo Health Research Centre.
authors.forename: Paulina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tindana
authors.affiliation: Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana.
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghansah
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton.
authors.forename: Bronwyn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: MacInnis
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Dominic
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kwiatkowski
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton Malaria Research and Training Centre, Department of Epidemiology of Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Science, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Mali.
authors.forename: Abdoulaye A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Djimde
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000494:pharmacology; D037621:Artemisinins / Q000494:pharmacology; D001210:Asia, Southeastern; D004351:Drug Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D005787:Gene Frequency; D006801:Humans; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D037621:Artemisinins; C031327:artemisinin
keywords: K13-propeller; artemisinin resistance; sub-Saharan Africa