title: Carbonyl compounds generated from electronic cigarettes.
abstract: Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are advertised as being safer than tobacco cigarettes products as the chemical compounds inhaled from e-cigarettes are believed to be fewer and less toxic than those from tobacco cigarettes. Therefore, continuous careful monitoring and risk management of e-cigarettes should be implemented, with the aim of protecting and promoting public health worldwide. Moreover, basic scientific data are required for the regulation of e-cigarette. To date, there have been reports of many hazardous chemical compounds generated from e-cigarettes, particularly carbonyl compounds such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acrolein, and glyoxal, which are often found in e-cigarette aerosols. These carbonyl compounds are incidentally generated by the oxidation of e-liquid (liquid in e-cigarette; glycerol and glycols) when the liquid comes in contact with the heated nichrome wire. The compositions and concentrations of these compounds vary depending on the type of e-liquid and the battery voltage. In some cases, extremely high concentrations of these carbonyl compounds are generated, and may contribute to various health effects. Suppliers, risk management organizations, and users of e-cigarettes should be aware of this phenomenon.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health, National Institute of Public Health, 2-3-6 Minami, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0197, Japan. bekki.kanae@niph.go.jp.
authors.forename: Kanae
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bekki
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health, National Institute of Public Health, 2-3-6 Minami, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0197, Japan. uchiyama@niph.go.jp.
authors.forename: Shigehisa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uchiyama
authors.affiliation: Graduated School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 263-8522, Japan. uchiyama.s@chiba-u.jp.
authors.forename: Kazushi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health, National Institute of Public Health, 2-3-6 Minami, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0197, Japan. yohei_inaba@niph.go.jp.
authors.forename: Yohei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Inaba
authors.affiliation: Graduated School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 263-8522, Japan. nakagome@tu.chiba-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakagome
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health, National Institute of Public Health, 2-3-6 Minami, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0197, Japan. kunugita@niph.go.jp.
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kunugita
mesh_terms: D000079:Acetaldehyde / Q000032:analysis; D000171:Acrolein / Q000032:analysis; D000336:Aerosols / Q000032:analysis*; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D066300:Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000032:analysis; D006037:Glyoxal / Q000032:analysis; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007564:Japan; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000032:analysis*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D000393:Air Pollutants; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D005557:Formaldehyde; D006037:Glyoxal; D000171:Acrolein; D000079:Acetaldehyde