title: PAMAM dendrimers: destined for success or doomed to fail? Plain and modified PAMAM dendrimers in the context of biomedical applications.
abstract: PAMAM (polyamidoamine) dendrimers are commonly considered promising polymers that can be successfully used in various biomedical applications. Nevertheless, direct clinical adaptations of plain unmodified PAMAM dendrimers may be limited at present, mainly because of their toxicity, unpredictable behavior in living organisms, unknown bioavailability, biocompatibility or pharmacokinetic profile, problematic therapeutic dose selection, or high cost of production. On the basis of our studies concerning the possible use of unmodified PAMAM dendrimers as the scavengers of glucose and carbonyl stress in animal models of human pathology, as well as considering available literature on experimental data of other researchers, we have prepared the brief critical review of the biomedical activities of these unmodified compounds and their most alluring derivatives, especially in the context of possible future perspectives of PAMAMs. Thus, on the pages of this review, we made an attempt to briefly summarize obstacles, emerging from experimental, technical, and human limitations, that may, to some extent, restrain our belief in a brighter future of plain amine-terminated PAMAM dendrimers.
authors.affiliation: University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Thermobiology, Lodz, 90-236, Poland.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Labieniec-Watala
authors.forename: Cezary
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Watala
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D050091:Dendrimers / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000191:economics / Q000639:trends; D011073:Polyamines / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D050091:Dendrimers; C104700:PAMAM Starburst; C531249:Poly(amidoamine); D011073:Polyamines
keywords: biomaterials; PAMAM dendrimers; nanoparticles; nanotechnology; nonenzymatic glycosylation; polymers; surface chemistry; toxicity