title: Ophthalmology residency training in Jordan: an evaluation of quality and comparison with international standards.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate Jordanian ophthalmology residency programs in achieving competencies outlined by the International Council of Ophthalmology (ICO) and residents' satisfaction with available training programs in Jordan, and to highlight weakness points that may be improved and strengthened.
  
  
  METHODS
  A closed-ended questionnaire was circulated to all ophthalmologists who completed their training in Jordanian institutions between 2006 and 2011, to measure the quality of residency training and satisfaction level with regards to clinical conferences, journal clubs, scientific lectures, wet lab sessions, simulations, outpatient clinics and operating room training. Barriers to a successful board exam were cited. All ophthalmologists had official residency training in Jordanian Hospitals; this includes military, university, governmental and private sector hospitals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-one questionnaires completed out of 69 circulated. Males (75.4%) were more than females. Mean age was 32.5±3.27y. A total 21 (34.4%) responders expressed an overall satisfaction, 38 (62.3%) were dissatisfied and 2 (3.3%) were equivocal. Respondents reported insufficient exposure to low-vision rehabilitation 57 (93.4%), or refraction and glasses prescription 34 (55.7%). Regarding operative experiences, the mean cataract extraction per-resident was 43 cataracts; the number of phacoemulsification surgery was 2.96 per-resident, 46 (75.4%) of responders never did a single phacoemulsification during residency. Nine (14.8%) had training in refractive surgery, and 15 (24.6%) assisted orbital surgery. Forty-four (72.1%) never assisted in vitreoretinal surgery. Among The graduates surveyed, 14 (23.0%) passed Jordanian licensing board exam at the first attempt, and felt that their residency programs adequately prepared them for the examinations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Around two thirds (62.3%) of ophthalmologists expressed dissatisfaction with residency training at Jordanian programs, further study is required to assess each program separately and evaluate the system of accreditation in Jordanian residency programs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Mutah University, AL-Karak 61710, Jordan.
authors.forename: Khalil M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Al-Salem
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Mutah University, AL-Karak 61710, Jordan.
authors.forename: Fawwaz A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Al-Sarayra
authors.affiliation: Al-Shami Eye Center, Amman 11118, Jordan.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abu Al-Dabaat
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
authors.forename: Wisam
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shihadeh
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
authors.forename: Mohammad M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Al-Salem
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
authors.forename: Mahmoud K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Al-Salem
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 47130, USA.
authors.forename: Shlomit
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schaal
keywords: international standards; residency training; trainees' perspectives