title: Subpopulations of macrophages within eutopic endometrium of endometriosis patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Endometriosis is recognized as a chronic inflammatory disease and is related to immune response. There have been reports that revealed the different distribution of macrophage within the eutopic endometrium of women with endometriosis. Macrophages are functionally polarized into M1 and M2 cell lineages. We studied a difference in the subpopulations of M1 and M2 macrophages within the eutopic endometrium in patients with or without endometriosis to investigate how the eutopic endometrium is stimulated immunologically.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six patients with endometriosis (endometriosis group) and 37 without endometriosis (non-endometriosis group) were analyzed. Paraffin-embedded endometrial specimens were used for the study. Consecutive sections were used for immunostaining of CD68 (pan-macrophage marker) and CD163 (M2 macrophage marker). Cells positive for each marker were quantified, and the ratio of M2 macrophages in pan-macrophages was calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The endometriosis group had a significantly higher number of pan-macrophages than the control group in all phases (P < 0.05). The ratios of M2 macrophages in pan-macrophages were significantly lower in all phases in the endometriosis group (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The macrophage population slants toward M1 in the endometrium of endometriosis patients. The endometrium appeared to be stimulated by some organelles and/or substances that induce M1 in endometriosis patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan.
authors.forename: Akie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takebayashi
authors.forename: Fuminori
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Yohei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kishi
authors.forename: Mitsuaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: Akimasa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Akiyoshi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamanaka
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Luyi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suginami
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Murakami
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000032:analysis; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000032:analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002452:Cell Count; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D004717:Endometrium / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D005831:Genital Diseases, Female / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D008264:Macrophages / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification* / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000032:analysis; D000098902:CD163 Antigen; D000097382:CD68 Molecule
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D000098902:CD163 Antigen; C067980:CD68 antigen, human; D000097382:CD68 Molecule
keywords: CD163; CD68; M1 macrophage; M2 macrophage; endometriosis