title: Serum TG-lowering properties of plant sterols and stanols are associated with decreased hepatic VLDL secretion.
abstract: Plant sterols and stanols are structurally similar to cholesterol and when added to the diet they are able to reduce serum total- and LDL-cholesterol concentrations. They also lower serum triglyceride concentrations in humans, particularly under conditions of hypertriglyceridemia. The aim of this study was to unravel the mechanism by which plant sterols and stanols reduce serum triglyceride concentrations in high-fat diet (HFD) fed mice. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed HFD for 4 weeks. Subsequently, they received HFD, HFD supplemented with 3.1% plant sterol ester (PSE) or HFD supplemented with 3.1% plant stanol ester (PSA) for another three weeks. Both PSE and PSA feeding resulted in decreased plasma triglyceride concentrations compared with HFD, while plasma cholesterol levels were unchanged. Interestingly, hepatic cholesterol levels were decreased in the PSE/PSA groups compared with HFD and no differences were found in hepatic triglyceride levels between groups. To investigate the mechanism underlying the hypotriglyceridemic effects from PSE/PSA feeding, we measured chylomicron and VLDL secretion. PSE and PSA feeding resulted in reduced VLDL secretion, while no differences were found between groups in chylomicron secretion. In conclusion, our data indicate that plasma triglyceride-lowering resulting from PSE and PSA feeding is associated with decreased hepatic VLDL secretion.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatrics Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marleen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schonewille
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatrics Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Gemma
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Brufau
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ronit
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shiri-Sverdlov
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatrics Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands Laboratory Medicine, Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Albert K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Groen
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jogchum
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Plat
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D002914:Chylomicrons / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004952:Esters / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015228:Hypertriglyceridemia / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019518:Postprandial Period; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012855:Sitosterols / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002914:Chylomicrons; D004952:Esters; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL; D010840:Phytosterols; D012855:Sitosterols; D014280:Triglycerides; C407042:plant stanol ester; D002784:Cholesterol
keywords: chylomicrons; liver; phytosterols; triglycerides; very low density lipoprotein