title: Dengue encephalitis with predominant cerebellar involvement: report of eight cases with MR and CT imaging features.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  CNS dengue infection is a rare condition and the pattern of brain involvement has not been well described. We report the MR imaging (MRI) features in eight cases of dengue encephalitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively searched cases of dengue encephalitis in which imaging was performed. Eight cases (three men, five women; age range: 8-42 years) diagnosed with dengue encephalitis were included in the study. MR studies were performed on 3-T and 1.5-T MR clinical systems. Two neuroradiologists retrospectively reviewed the MR images and analysed the type of lesions, as well as their distribution and imaging features.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All eight cases exhibited MRI abnormalities and the cerebellum was involved in all cases. In addition, MRI signal changes were also noted in the brainstem, thalamus, basal ganglia, internal capsule, insula, mesial temporal lobe, and cortical and cerebral white matter. Areas of susceptibility, diffusion restriction, and patchy post-contrast enhancement were the salient imaging features in our cohort of cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A pattern of symmetrical cerebellar involvement and presence of microbleeds/haemorrhage may serve as a useful imaging marker and may help in the diagnosis of dengue encephalitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Vinay
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hegde
authors.forename: Zarina
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Aziz
authors.forename: Sharath
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Maya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bhat
authors.forename: Chandrajit
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Prasad
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Netravathi
authors.forename: Jitender
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Saini
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000473:pathology; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000473:pathology; D002526:Cerebellar Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000473:pathology; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000473:pathology; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D003715:Dengue / Q000473:pathology*; D004671:Encephalitis, Arbovirus / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020772:Internal Capsule / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013788:Thalamus / Q000473:pathology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D055815:Young Adult