title: Simplification of vacuole structure during plant cell death triggered by culture filtrates of Erwinia carotovora.
abstract: Vacuoles are suggested to play crucial roles in plant defense-related cell death. During programmed cell death, previous live cell imaging studies have observed vacuoles to become simpler in structure and have implicated this simplification as a prelude to the vacuole's rupture and consequent lysis of the plasma membrane. Here, we examined dynamics of the vacuole in cell cycle-synchronized tobacco BY-2 (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Bright Yellow 2) cells during cell death induced by application of culture filtrates of Erwinia carotovora. The filtrate induced death in about 90% of the cells by 24 h. Prior to cell death, vacuole shape simplified and endoplasmic actin filaments disassembled; however, the vacuoles did not rupture until after plasma membrane integrity was lost. Instead of facilitating rupture, the simplification of vacuole structure might play a role in the retrieval of membrane components needed for defense-related cell death.
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwanoha Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8562, Japan.
authors.forename: Yumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hirakawa
authors.forename: Toshihisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nomura
authors.forename: Seiichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hasezawa
authors.forename: Takumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Higaki
mesh_terms: D008841:Actin Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism; D016923:Cell Death; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D003470:Culture Media; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D016973:Pectobacterium carotovorum / Q000502:physiology*; D059828:Plant Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000166:cytology*; D014617:Vacuoles / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media
keywords: Actin filaments; Erwinia carotovora; defense-related cell death; tobacco BY-2 cells; vacuoles