title: Consequences of tropical land use for multitrophic biodiversity and ecosystem functioning.
abstract: Our knowledge about land-use impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning is mostly limited to single trophic levels, leaving us uncertain about whole-community biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships. We analyse consequences of the globally important land-use transformation from tropical forests to oil palm plantations. Species diversity, density and biomass of invertebrate communities suffer at least 45% decreases from rainforest to oil palm. Combining metabolic and food-web theory, we calculate annual energy fluxes to model impacts of land-use intensification on multitrophic ecosystem functioning. We demonstrate a 51% reduction in energy fluxes from forest to oil palm communities. Species loss clearly explains variation in energy fluxes; however, this relationship depends on land-use systems and functional feeding guilds, whereby predators are the most heavily affected. Biodiversity decline from forest to oil palm is thus accompanied by even stronger reductions in functionality, threatening to severely limit the functional resilience of communities to cope with future global changes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Systemic Conservation Biology, J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Berliner Strasse 28, 37073 Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Andrew D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Barnes
authors.affiliation: Department of Systemic Conservation Biology, J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Berliner Strasse 28, 37073 Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Malte
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jochum
authors.affiliation: Department of Systemic Conservation Biology, J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Berliner Strasse 28, 37073 Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Steffen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mumme
authors.affiliation: Department of Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry, Bogor Agricultural University, Darmaga Campus, Bogor 16680, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Noor Farikhah
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Haneda
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Darmaga Campus, Bogor 16680, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Achmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Farajallah
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Darmaga Campus, Bogor 16680, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Tri Heru
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Widarto
authors.affiliation: Department of Systemic Conservation Biology, J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Berliner Strasse 28, 37073 Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Brose
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D000818:Animals; D044822:Biodiversity; D020387:Food Chain; D007448:Invertebrates / Q000502:physiology; D000073878:Palm Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D013045:Species Specificity; D014329:Tropical Climate
chemical_list: D010938:Plant Oils; D000073878:Palm Oil