title: Effects of moderate aerobic exercise training on hemorheological and laboratory parameters in ischemic heart disease patients.
abstract: METHODS
  In this study we set out to determine the effects of long-term physical training on hemorheological, laboratory parameters, exercise tolerability, psychological factors in cardiac patients participating in an ambulatory rehabilitation program.
  
  
  METHODS
  Before physical training, patients were examined by echocardiography, tested on treadmill by the Bruce protocol, and blood was drawn for laboratory tests. The enrolled 79 ischemic heart disease patients joined a 24-week cardiac rehabilitation training program. Blood was drawn to measure hematocrit (Hct), plasma and whole blood viscosity (PV, WBV), red blood cell (RBC) aggregation and deformability. Hemorheological, clinical chemistry and psychological measurements were repeated 12 and 24 weeks later, and a treadmill test was performed at the end of the program.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 12 weeks Hct, PV, WBV and RBC aggregation were significantly decreased, RBC deformability exhibited a significant increase (p<0.05). Laboratory parameters (triglyceride, uric acid, hsCRP and fibrinogen) were significantly decreased (p<0.05). After 24 weeks the significant results were still observed. By the end of the study, IL-6 and TNF-α levels displayed decreasing trends (p<0.06). There was a significant improvement in MET (p<0.001), and the BMI decrease was also significant (p<0.05). The vital exhaustion parameters measured on the fatigue impact scale indicated a significant improvement in two areas of the daily activities (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Regular physical training improved the exercise tolerability of patients with ischemic heart disease. Previous publications have demonstrated that decreases in Hct and PV may reduce cardiovascular risk, while a decrease in RBC aggregation and an increase in deformability improve the capillary flow. Positive changes in laboratory parameters and body weight may indicate better oxidative and inflammatory circumstances and an improved metabolic state. The psychological findings point to an improvement in the quality of life.
authors.affiliation: 1st Department of Medicine, University of Pecs, School of Medicine, Pecs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sandor
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioural Sciences, University of Pecs, School of Medicine, Pecs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nagy
authors.affiliation: 1st Department of Medicine, University of Pecs, School of Medicine, Pecs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Andras
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Toth
authors.affiliation: 1st Department of Medicine, University of Pecs, School of Medicine, Pecs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Miklos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rabai
authors.affiliation: 1st Department of Medicine, University of Pecs, School of Medicine, Pecs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Bela
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mezey
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioural Sciences, University of Pecs, School of Medicine, Pecs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Arpad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Csatho
authors.affiliation: 1st Department of Medicine, University of Pecs, School of Medicine, Pecs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Istvan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Czuriga
authors.affiliation: 1st Department of Medicine, University of Pecs, School of Medicine, Pecs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Kalman
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Toth
authors.affiliation: 1st Department of Medicine, University of Pecs, School of Medicine, Pecs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Eszter
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Szabados
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001809:Blood Viscosity; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D004452:Echocardiography; D004562:Electrocardiography; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006403:Hematologic Tests; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D063868:Patient Outcome Assessment; D011581:Psychological Tests; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines