title: Increased immunoreactivity of c‑Fos in the spinal cord of the aged mouse and dog.
abstract: Expression of c‑Fos in the spinal cord following nociceptive stimulation is considered to be a neurotoxic biomarker. In the present study, the immunoreactivity of c‑Fos in the spinal cord was compared between young adult (2‑3 years in dogs and 6 months in mice) and aged (10‑12 years in dogs and 24 months in mice) Beagle dogs and C57BL/6J mice. In addition, changes to neuronal distribution and damage to the spinal cord were also investigated. There were no significant differences in neuronal loss or degeneration of the spinal neurons observed in either the aged dogs or mice. Weak c‑Fos immunoreactivity was observed in the spinal neurons of the young adult animals; however, c‑Fos immunoreactivity was markedly increased in the nuclei of spinal neurons in the aged dogs and mice, as compared with that of the young adults. In conclusion, c‑Fos immunoreactivity was significantly increased without any accompanying neuronal loss in the aged spinal cord of mice and dogs, as compared with the spinal cords of the young adult animals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200‑701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Hyeon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200‑701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Myoung Chul
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200‑701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Joon Ha
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200‑701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: In Hye
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200‑701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Chul
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Institute of Integrative Traditional and Western Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Bing Chun
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151‑742, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: In Koo
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi 445‑170, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Myung
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200‑701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Yun
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200‑701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Taek Geun
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Ohk
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200‑702, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Tae Hun
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200‑701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jun Hwi
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200‑702, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyung-Cheul
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200‑701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Moo-Ho
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Won
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004285:Dogs; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000378:metabolism*; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C492380:NeuN protein, mouse; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos