title: Big data from small data: data-sharing in the 'long tail' of neuroscience.
abstract: The launch of the US BRAIN and European Human Brain Projects coincides with growing international efforts toward transparency and increased access to publicly funded research in the neurosciences. The need for data-sharing standards and neuroinformatics infrastructure is more pressing than ever. However, 'big science' efforts are not the only drivers of data-sharing needs, as neuroscientists across the full spectrum of research grapple with the overwhelming volume of data being generated daily and a scientific environment that is increasingly focused on collaboration. In this commentary, we consider the issue of sharing of the richly diverse and heterogeneous small data sets produced by individual neuroscientists, so-called long-tail data. We consider the utility of these data, the diversity of repositories and options available for sharing such data, and emerging best practices. We provide use cases in which aggregating and mining diverse long-tail data convert numerous small data sources into big data for improved knowledge about neuroscience-related disorders.
authors.affiliation: Brain and Spinal Injury Center, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
authors.forename: Adam R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Ferguson
authors.affiliation: Brain and Spinal Injury Center, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
authors.forename: Jessica L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Nielson
authors.affiliation: Directorate for Biological Sciences, National Science Foundation, Arlington, Virginia, USA.
authors.forename: Melissa H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Cragin
authors.affiliation: Center for Research in Biological Structure, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.
authors.forename: Anita E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Bandrowski
authors.affiliation: 1] Center for Research in Biological Structure, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California, USA. [2] Department of Neuroscience, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.
authors.forename: Maryann E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Martone
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D035843:Biomedical Research; D001921:Brain; D019295:Computational Biology; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D006801:Humans; D033181:Information Dissemination; D009488:Neurosciences / Q000379:methods