title: High polymorphism in Est-SSR loci for cellulose synthase and β-amylase of sugarcane varieties (Saccharum spp.) used by the industrial sector for ethanol production.
abstract: High and low polymorphisms in simple sequence repeats of expressed sequence tag (EST-SSR) for specific proteins and enzymes, such as β-amylase, cellulose synthase, xyloglucan endotransglucosylase, fructose 1,6-bisphosphate aldolase, and fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase, were used to illustrate the genetic divergence within and between varieties of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) and to guide the technological paths to optimize ethanol production from lignocellulose biomass. The varieties RB72454, RB867515, RB92579, and SP813250 on the second stage of cutting, all grown in the state of Paraná (PR), and the varieties RB92579 and SP813250 cultured in the PR state and in Northeastern Brazil, state of Pernambuco (PE), were analyzed using five EST-SSR primers for EstC66, EstC67, EstC68, EstC69, and EstC91 loci. Genetic divergence was evident in the EstC67 and EstC69 loci for β-amylase and cellulose synthase, respectively, among the four sugarcane varieties. An extremely high level of genetic differentiation was also detected in the EstC67 locus from the RB82579 and SP813250 varieties cultured in the PR and PE states. High polymorphism in SSR of the cellulose synthase locus may explain the high variability of substrates used in pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis processes, which has been an obstacle to effective industrial adaptations.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Breeding, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, 87020-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Raphael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Augusto
authors.forename: Rone Charles
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Maranho
authors.forename: Claudete Aparecida
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Mangolin
authors.forename: Maria de Fátima
authors.initials: Mde F
authors.lastname: Pires da Silva Machado
mesh_terms: D018533:Biomass; D000431:Ethanol / Q000378:metabolism*; D020224:Expressed Sequence Tags / Q000378:metabolism; D056426:Genetic Loci / Q000235:genetics; D005964:Glucosyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007221:Industry; D008031:Lignin / Q000378:metabolism; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D031786:Saccharum / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001614:beta-Amylase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C036909:lignocellulose; D000431:Ethanol; D008031:Lignin; D005964:Glucosyltransferases; C478648:cellulose synthase; D001614:beta-Amylase