title: Marginal masticatory mucosa dimensional changes in immediate post-extractive implants: a 2 year prospective cohort study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present two-year prospective cohort study was undertaken to evaluate marginal masticatory mucosa dimensional changes around immediate post-extractive implants positioned transgingivally with a non-submerged healing screw.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-one immediate post-extractive implants from 21 patients were enrolled, peri-implant gap was filled with bovine bone mineral, and soft tissue was allowed to heal around a non-submerged healing screw. Post-extractive socket dimension was recorded. Intraoperative (T0) vertical distances: bone margin level (BML) from the bone margin to the implant platform and mucosal margin height (MMH) from marginal mucosa to implant platform were taken; MMH measurement was repeated 4 months later (T4). Horizontal mucosal level (HML): from customized stent to marginal mucosa at 0, 4, 12, and 24 months postoperatively (T0, T4, T12, T24) and vertical mucosal level (VML): from the stent to marginal mucosa at T4, T12, T24 were registered.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One implant failed at 3 weeks; in the remaining 20 cases the MMH, coronally positioned with respect to the BML ≅2 mm at T0, showed a statistically significant vertical contraction of the mucosa at T4. Other vertical mucosal measurements (VML) did not show further changes over time. HML measures showed a, statistically significant, shrinkage of the mucosa on the transverse plane between T0/T12 and T0/T24 and between T4/T12 and T4/T24.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Immediate post-extractive implant inserted transgingivally with a non-submerged healing screw and internal peri-implant gap filled with bovine bone mineral may favor an early and stable peri-implant soft tissue healing over 2 years.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, School of Medicine, University "Federico II" of Naples, Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ramaglia
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, School of Medicine, University "Federico II" of Naples, Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sbordone
authors.affiliation: Clinical Department of Head and Neck, School of Medicine, University "Federico II" of Naples, Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: Raffaele
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Saviano
authors.affiliation: Clinical Department of Head and Neck, School of Medicine, University "Federico II" of Naples, Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: Ranieri
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Martuscelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy.
authors.forename: Ludovico
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sbordone
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019250:Dental Implants, Single-Tooth; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D057893:Immediate Dental Implant Loading; D008297:Male; D008409:Mastication / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014081:Tooth Extraction; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014945:Wound Healing
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes
keywords: bovine bone mineral; immediate dental implant; marginal mucosa; post-extractive socket; ridge preservation; single tooth replacement