title: Cytotoxic Benzophenanthridine and Furoquinoline Alkaloids from Zanthoxylum buesgenii (Rutaceae).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Zanthoxylum buesgenii is a shrub used in Sierra Leone as remedy to cure venereal diseases, arthritis, and rheumatism whereas leaves and barks are employed to treat leprosy and to relieve pain. In South West Region of Cameroon, the plant locally called "Mbem" by Lewoh-Lebang community, is orally given to patients as aphrodisiac decoction and to increase sperm count. Previous chemical studies on Zanthoxylum species reported the identification of lignans, coumarins, diterpenes, sesquiterpenes, steroids, alkaloids and benzopropanoids. Besides, structurally diverse compounds belonging to these classes of secondary metabolites have been reported as trypanocidal, antileishmanial, antimycobacterial and cytotoxic metabolites.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We therefore investigated the alkaloidal constituents of Z. buesgenii. In the course of the study, two benzophenanthridines [1-methoxy-12-methyl-12,13-dihydro-[1,3]dioxolo[4',5':4,5]benzo[1,2-c]phenanthridine-2,13-diol (1) and isofagaridine (2)] were identified among them one new. Alongside, three known furoquinolines [maculine (3), kokusaginine (4) and teclearverdoornine (5)] were also obtained and their structures were established on the basis of their NMR data and by comparison with those previously reported. Furthermore, the cytotoxicities of metabolites (1-4) isolated in substantial amount were evaluated against a series of multidrugs-resistant cancer cell lines. While compounds 2-4 showed selective cytotoxicities, compound 1 displayed activities against all cancer cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The observed activities corroborate those previously reported on similar benzophenanthridine alkaloids indicating that compounds 1 and 2 can chemically be explored to develop other chemotherapeutic agents. Graphical abstractCytotoxic Benzophenanthridine and Furoquinoline Alkaloids from Zanthoxylum buesgenii (Rutaceae).
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Yaoundé I, P. O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
authors.forename: Louis P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Sandjo
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon ; Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kuete
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Yaoundé I, P. O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
authors.forename: Rodrigue S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Tchangna
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Efferth
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Yaoundé I, P. O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
authors.forename: Bonaventure T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Ngadjui
keywords: Benzophenanthridines; Cytotoxicity; Furoquinolines; Zanthoxylum buesgenii