title: Functional and physical abilities in the early continuum of cognitive decline.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The early cognitive continuum has been emphasized recently. We sought to characterize the functional and physical aspects of the cognitive continuum in subjects with no cognitive impairment (NCI), subjective cognitive impairment (SCI), nonamnestic (NA-MCI), and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (A-MCI). Furthermore, we identified the potential diagnostic utility of specific functional tasks.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 702 participants, aged ≥65 years and defined as NCI, SCI, NA-MCI, and A-MCI according to the original Petersen criteria, were included. They completed the Korean basic (K-ADL) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scales (K-IADL) and the Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant differences were observed between the different cognitive status groups in three items and total scores on the K-ADL, six items and total scores on the K-IADL and POMA. Controlling for confounding factors revealed that subjects from the A-MCI group performed poorly at bathing, shopping, handling money, and the sum of assorted functional items.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings demonstrated the declining feature of functional and physical performance according to the cognitive continuum, with A-MCI being discriminative with respect to specific functional tasks as compared to milder cognitive statuses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, National Rehabilitation Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Joon-Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Jae-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Ki Woong
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Suyoung
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jaebong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Nam-Jong
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Paik
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000145:classification / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016021:Epidemiologic Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000502:physiology*; D051346:Mobility Limitation; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010809:Physical Fitness; D056910:Republic of Korea