title: Effects of adenosine monophosphate used in combination with L-arginine on female rabbit corpus cavernosum tissue.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sexual dysfunction is significantly more prevalent in women than in men. However, to date, no satisfactory oral treatment is yet available.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to study the effects of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) alone or its combination with L-Arginine on the relaxation of the female rabbit corpus cavernosum.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cylinder strips from the corporal body of the excised clitoris from female New Zealand White rabbits were incubated in Krebs solution. Phenylephrine (PE) precontraction was achieved, then the drugs AMP and L-Arginine were administered either independently or in sequential combinations to the strips under precontracted conditions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Contraction percentages were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When precontraction was induced by PE 8 μM or 20 μM, AMP was shown to induce relaxation up to 25% in a dose-dependent manner. The relaxation induced by L-Arginine reached 15.6% at 5.10(-4) M vs. 16.5% at AMP 5.10(-4) M under the same experimental conditions. Nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor N-nitro-L-arginine strongly inhibited the relaxing effect provoked by AMP, suggesting that the action mechanism of this nucleotide is related to the NO pathway. The combination of L-Arginine at 5.10(-4) M with AMP at different doses ranging from 5.10(-4) M to 10(-3) M significantly amplified the relaxing response up to 40.7% and 58%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results demonstrate that AMP induces a relaxing effect on the female rabbit corpora. They also show that L-Arginine and AMP can potentiate each other and that a synergistic effect can be obtained by their combined use. Because only slight differences exist between both sexes in response to NO donors and/or nucleotide purines or in their use together, it is very likely that close biochemical mechanisms, although not to the same degree and not quite similar, are involved in the engorgement of the penis and the clitoris of New Zealand White rabbits. Stücker O, Pons C, Neuzillet Y, Laemmel E, and Lebret T. Original research-sexual medicine: Effects of adenosine monophosphate used in combination with L-Arginine on female rabbit corpus cavernosum tissue. Sex Med 2014;2:1-7.
authors.affiliation: CEROM Paris, France.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Stücker
authors.affiliation: CEROM Paris, France.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pons
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hôpital Foch, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ) Suresnes, France.
authors.forename: Yann
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Neuzillet
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Etude Microcirculation, Université Denis Diderot Paris, France.
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Laemmel
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hôpital Foch, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ) Suresnes, France.
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lebret
keywords: AMP; ATP; Female Corpus Cavernosum Relaxation; L-Arginine; Nitric Oxide; Purines