title: Noncovalently assembled nanotubular porous layers for delaying of heating surface failure.
abstract: Thermal management to prevent extreme heat surge in integrated electronic systems and nuclear reactors is a critical issue. To delay the thermal surge on the heater effectively, we report the benefit of a three dimensional nanotubular porous layer via noncovalent interactions (hydrophobic forces and hydrogen bonds). To observe the contribution of individual noncovalent interactions in a porous network formation, pristine carbon nanotubes (PCNTs) and oxidatively functionalized carbon nanotubes (FCNTs) were compared. Hydrogen-bonded interwoven nanotubular porous layer showed approximately two times critical heat flux (CHF) increase compared to that of a plain surface. It is assumed that the hydrophilic group-tethered nanotubular porous wicks and enhanced fluidity are the main causes for promoting the CHF increase. Reinforced hydrophilicity assists liquid spreading and capillarity-induced liquid pumping, which are estimated by using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy. Also, shear induced thermal conduction, thermal boundary reduction, and rheology of nanoparticles could attribute to CHF enhancement phenomena.
authors.affiliation: 1] Active Materials and Smart Living (AMSL) Laboratory, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA [2] NBD Nanotechnologies, 8 saint Mary's street, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.
authors.forename: Bong June
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Active Materials and Smart Living (AMSL) Laboratory, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA.
authors.forename: Taeseon
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Department of Polymer Science &Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 300 Chunchun-dong, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 440-746, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Do
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.affiliation: Department of Polymer Science &Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 300 Chunchun-dong, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 440-746, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jonghwan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Suhr
authors.affiliation: Active Materials and Smart Living (AMSL) Laboratory, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA.
authors.forename: Kwang Jin
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Kim