title: Antibiotic susceptibility profiles of Mycoplasma bovis strains isolated from cattle in Hungary, Central Europe.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mycoplasma bovis is a worldwide pathogen, causative agent of pneumonia, mastitis, arthritis, and a variety of other symptoms in cattle. The economic losses due to mycoplasma pneumonia could be reduced by antibiotic treatment. The aim of the present study was to determine the in vitro susceptibility of M. bovis strains isolated from cattle in Hungary to eleven antibiotics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 35 M. bovis strains collected from different parts of Hungary between 2010 and 2013 were determined by the microbroth dilution method. Strains with high MIC values were found in the case of all applied antibiotics. The most effective antibiotics tested in vitro were fluoroquinolones (MIC90 danofloxacin 0.312 μg/ml, enrofloxacin 0.312 μg/ml, marbofloxacin 0.625 μg/ml). Our results confirm the observations of increasing MIC values to antibiotics commonly used in the therapy of mycoplasma infections, primarily to tetracyclines; tetracycline (MIC90 16 μg/ml) and oxytetracycline (MIC90 ≥ 64 μg/ml) and macrolides; tylosin (MIC90 ≥ 128 μg/ml) and tilmicosin (MIC90 ≥ 128 μg/ml). The growth of many M. bovis strains was not inhibited by gentamicin (MIC90 8 μg/ml), spectinomycin (MIC90 ≥ 256 μg/ml), florfenicol (MIC90 8 μg/ml) or lincomycin (MIC90 ≥ 64 μg/ml).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results emphasize the necessity of periodic testing for antibiotic susceptibility in this geographic region. Based on our in vitro examinations, fluoroquinolones could be the most effective drugs for the therapy of M. bovis infections in Hungary. However, current antimicrobial use policies have to be taken into account to avoid further antibiotic resistance development and to reserve fluoroquinolones for the treatment of severe infections which have responded poorly to other classes of antimicrobials.
authors.forename: Kinga M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Sulyok
authors.forename: Zsuzsa
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kreizinger
authors.forename: Lilla
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fekete
authors.forename: Veronika
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hrivnák
authors.forename: Tibor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Magyar
authors.forename: Szilárd
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jánosi
authors.forename: Nóra
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Schweitzer
authors.forename: Ibolya
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Turcsányi
authors.forename: László
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Makrai
authors.forename: Károly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Erdélyi
authors.forename: Miklós
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gyuranecz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D006814:Hungary / Q000453:epidemiology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009175:Mycoplasma Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D045682:Mycoplasma bovis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents