title: Increased body fat mass and tissue lipotoxicity associated with ovariectomy or high-fat diet differentially affects bone and skeletal muscle metabolism in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the musculoskeletal effects induced by ovariectomy-related fat mass deposition against the musculoskeletal effects caused by a high-fat diet.
  
  
  METHODS
  A group of adult female rats was ovariectomized and fed a control diet. Two additional groups were sham-operated and fed a control or a high-fat diet for 19 weeks. Distal femur and serum bone parameters were measured to assess bone metabolism. Muscle protein metabolism, mitochondrial markers and triglyceride content were evaluated in tibialis anterior. Triglyceride content was evaluated in liver. Circulating inflammatory and metabolic markers were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The high-fat diet and ovariectomy led to similar increases in fat mass (+36.6-56.7%; p < 0.05) but had different impacts on bone and muscle tissues and inflammatory markers. Consumption of the high-fat diet led to decreased bone formation (-38.4%; p < 0.05), impaired muscle mitochondrial metabolism, muscle lipotoxicity and a 20.9% increase in tibialis anterior protein synthesis rate (p < 0.05). Ovariectomy was associated with higher bone turnover as bone formation increased +72.7% (p < 0.05) and bone resorption increased +76.4% (p < 0.05), leading to bone loss, a 17.9% decrease in muscle protein synthesis rate (p < 0.05) and liver lipotoxicity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In female rats, high-fat diet and ovariectomy triggered similar gains in fat mass but had different impacts on bone and muscle metabolism. The ovariectomy-induced mechanisms affecting the musculoskeletal system are mainly caused by estrogen depletion, which surpasses the potential-independent effect of adiposity.
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.|Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.|Lesieur, Asnieres-Sur-Seine, France.
authors.forename: Camille
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tagliaferri
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.|Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Jérôme
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Salles
authors.affiliation: UMR 1260, INRA, 13385, Marseille, France.|Nutrition, Obésité et Risque Thrombotique, UMR 1062, INSERM, 13385, Marseille, France.|Faculté de Médecine, Université d'Aix-Marseille, 13385, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Landrier
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.|Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Giraudet
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.|Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Patrac
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.|Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Patrice
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lebecque
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.|Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Marie-Jeanne
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Davicco
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.|Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Audrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chanet
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.|Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.|INRA, UMR 1019, Plateforme d'Exploration du Métabolisme, UNH, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Corinne
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pouyet
authors.affiliation: Lesieur, Asnieres-Sur-Seine, France.
authors.forename: Amélie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dhaussy
authors.affiliation: Lesieur, Asnieres-Sur-Seine, France.
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Huertas
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.|Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.|CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service de Nutrition Clinique, 63003, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Boirie
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.|Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Yohann
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wittrant
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.|Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Coxam
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France. swalrand@clermont.inra.fr.|Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France. swalrand@clermont.inra.fr.|Centre de recherche de Clermont-Theix-Lyon, 58 rue Montalembert, 63003, Clermont-Ferrand, France. swalrand@clermont.inra.fr.
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Walrand
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D016723:Bone Remodeling; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000378:metabolism*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D009929:Organ Size; D010052:Ovariectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol
keywords: Adipose tissue; Bone; Osteoporosis; Sarcopenia; Skeletal muscle