title: Biomechanics and force system of butterfly arch: A device for three-dimensional controlling of upper molars.
abstract: There are numerous intra-oral appliances that are used for many purposes in orthodontic practice. Some popular instances include those for anchorage preservation, distalizing plates, and expansion appliances. In maximum anchorage extraction cases, which are serious challenges for orthodontists, none of intra-oral devices can preserve the anchorage precisely. Butterfly arch with its unique design, configuration, and biomechanical properties is introduced here as a device that could enhance the posterior anchorage meticulously. In addition, there are several advantages mentioned here to present the importance of the appliance to preserve the vertical and transverse dimensions as well.
authors.affiliation: Private Practitioner, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nikkerdar
keywords: Maximum anchorage; intra-oral appliance; transpalatal arch