title: Levels of circulating microparticles in patients with chronic cardiorenal disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cardiac and renal diseases are common disorders that frequently coexist. We tested the hypothesis that the levels of circulating endothelial-derived apoptotic microparticles (EDA-MPs; CD31(＋)CD42b(-)AN(-)V(＋)) and platelet-derived apoptotic microparticles (PDA-MPs; CD31(＋)CD42b(＋)AN(-)V(＋)) are useful biomarkers for predicting the presence of cardiorenal disease (CRD).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 68 patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and angina pectoris (CKD-AP) undergoing cardiac catheterization were prospectively enrolled into group 1, 10 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) without CKD were enrolled into group 2 (CAD(＋)CKD(-)) and 10 patients without CAD and CKD were enrolled into group 3 (CAD(-)CKD(-)).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The serum creatinine levels were significantly higher, whereas the estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFRs) were significantly lower, in group 1 than in the other two groups (all p < 0.02). The circulating levels of EDA-MPs and PDA-MPs did not differ between the patients with and without CKD (all p > 0.2). However, the circulating levels of EDA-MPs and PDA-MPs were significantly higher in group 2 than in groups 1 and 3 (all p < 0.03). In addition, differences were noted in the circulating EDA-MP and PDA-MP levels between groups 1 and 3, although without statistical significance (all p > 0.09). Meanwhile, among the CKD patients, the subgroup analysis showed that the levels of MPs were significantly higher in those with CAD than in those without (all p=0.001), while a multivariate analysis demonstrated that CAD was the only factor independently predictive of high levels of circulating EDA-MPs and PDA-MPs (p=0.033).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The link with increased circulating levels of MPs is more consistent in patients with CAD than in those with CKD.
authors.affiliation: Division of cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine.
authors.forename: Yung-Lung
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chih-Hung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Christopher Glenn
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Wallace
authors.forename: Hui-Ting
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chih-Chao
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Hon-Kan
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Yip
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008863:Microspheres; D008875:Middle Aged