title: An optical clearing technique for plant tissues allowing deep imaging and compatible with fluorescence microscopy.
abstract: We report on a nondestructive clearing technique that enhances transmission of light through specimens from diverse plant species, opening unique opportunities for microscope-enabled plant research. After clearing, plant organs and thick tissue sections are amenable to deep imaging. The clearing method is compatible with immunocytochemistry techniques and can be used in concert with common fluorescent probes, including widely adopted protein tags such as GFP, which has fluorescence that is preserved during the clearing process.
authors.affiliation: Delaware Biotechnology Institute (C.A.W., S.S.J., J.C., D.J.S.) andDepartments of Biological Sciences (C.A.W., M.L.B., S.S.J., J.C., D.J.S.); andPlant and Soil Sciences (M.L.B., R.J.W., J.C., D.J.S.), University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19717-1303 jcaplan@udel.edu sherrier@dbi.udel.edu.
authors.forename: Cherish A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Warner
authors.affiliation: Delaware Biotechnology Institute (C.A.W., S.S.J., J.C., D.J.S.) andDepartments of Biological Sciences (C.A.W., M.L.B., S.S.J., J.C., D.J.S.); andPlant and Soil Sciences (M.L.B., R.J.W., J.C., D.J.S.), University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19717-1303.
authors.forename: Meredith L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Biedrzycki
authors.affiliation: Delaware Biotechnology Institute (C.A.W., S.S.J., J.C., D.J.S.) andDepartments of Biological Sciences (C.A.W., M.L.B., S.S.J., J.C., D.J.S.); andPlant and Soil Sciences (M.L.B., R.J.W., J.C., D.J.S.), University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19717-1303.
authors.forename: Samuel S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.affiliation: Delaware Biotechnology Institute (C.A.W., S.S.J., J.C., D.J.S.) andDepartments of Biological Sciences (C.A.W., M.L.B., S.S.J., J.C., D.J.S.); andPlant and Soil Sciences (M.L.B., R.J.W., J.C., D.J.S.), University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19717-1303.
authors.forename: Randall J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Wisser
authors.affiliation: Delaware Biotechnology Institute (C.A.W., S.S.J., J.C., D.J.S.) andDepartments of Biological Sciences (C.A.W., M.L.B., S.S.J., J.C., D.J.S.); andPlant and Soil Sciences (M.L.B., R.J.W., J.C., D.J.S.), University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19717-1303 jcaplan@udel.edu sherrier@dbi.udel.edu.
authors.forename: Jeffrey L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Caplan
authors.affiliation: Delaware Biotechnology Institute (C.A.W., S.S.J., J.C., D.J.S.) andDepartments of Biological Sciences (C.A.W., M.L.B., S.S.J., J.C., D.J.S.); andPlant and Soil Sciences (M.L.B., R.J.W., J.C., D.J.S.), University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19717-1303 jcaplan@udel.edu sherrier@dbi.udel.edu.
authors.forename: D Janine
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Sherrier
mesh_terms: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D046913:Medicago truncatula / Q000166:cytology*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods; D018532:Pisum sativum / Q000166:cytology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000166:cytology; D011309:Preservation, Biological / Q000379:methods; D053204:Root Nodules, Plant / Q000166:cytology; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000166:cytology*; D003313:Zea mays / Q000166:cytology*
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes