title: Differentially expressed glycosylated patterns of α-1-antitrypsin as serum biomarkers for the diagnosis of lung cancer.
abstract: Lung cancer is the most common malignancy worldwide. Thus, there is a critical need for diagnostic biomarkers with adequate sensitivity and specificity for lung cancer detection. Glycans in glycoproteins are significantly altered in cancer, and may serve as a tool for identifying potential diagnostic biomarkers. Recent studies have reported changes in α-1-antitrypsin (A1AT) glycosylation in lung cancer serum, tissue and cell lines. In this study, a lectin microarray was used to detect glycosylation changes in serum A1AT from patients with lung adenocarcinoma (ADC), squamous cell lung cancer, small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and benign pulmonary diseases. Differentially expressed glycosylated patterns of A1AT were identified by lectin arrays and were confirmed by lectin-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We found that galactosylated A1AT could distinguish non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from benign pulmonary diseases (AUC = 0.834); fucosylated A1AT showed exceptional capability in distinguishing ADC from benign diseases (AUC = 0.919) or other lung cancer subtypes (AUC = 0.844), and A1AT containing poly-LacNAc could detect SCLC from benign diseases (AUC = 0.905) or NSCLC (AUC = 0.707). The present study indicates that glycosylated patterns of A1AT may serve as potential biomarkers for detection of lung cancer. Further studies in larger sample sizes are necessary to validate the clinical utility of these markers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Street, Xi'an 710061, PR China.
authors.forename: Yiqian
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Street, Xi'an 710069, PR China.
authors.forename: Tianran
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Street, Xi'an 710061, PR China.
authors.forename: Asmitananda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Thakur
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Street, Xi'an 710069, PR China.
authors.forename: Hanjie
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Street, Xi'an 710061, PR China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Street, Xi'an 710061, PR China.
authors.forename: Puyu
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Street, Xi'an 710069, PR China.
authors.forename: Xuetian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Street, Xi'an 710061, PR China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Street, Xi'an 710069, PR China.
authors.forename: Liyuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Street, Xi'an 710061, PR China.
authors.forename: Shuo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Street, Xi'an 710069, PR China zhengli@nwu.edu.cn chenmw36@163.com chenmingwei64@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Street, Xi'an 710061, PR China zhengli@nwu.edu.cn chenmw36@163.com chenmingwei64@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Mingwei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006031:Glycosylation; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D000515:alpha 1-Antitrypsin / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D000515:alpha 1-Antitrypsin
keywords: glycosylation; lectin microarray; lectin-based ELISA; lung cancer; α-1-antitrypsin