title: AT2R -1332 G:A polymorphism and diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The rennin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a central role in the regulation of sodium metabolism, vascular tone, blood pressure, renal hemodynamics, and vascular modeling and is activated by hyperglycemiaObjectives: In the present study the influence of AT2R -1332 G:A polymorphism on the risk of T2DM and its complications in a population from Western Iran has been investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a case-control study, 70 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) including normo-, micro- and macro-albuminuric patients and 112 healthy subjects from the Kermanshah province were studied to investigate the association between the angiotensin type 2 receptor (AT2R) -1332 G:A variants with the risk of T2DM and its complications. The genotypes of the AT2R were detected using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Analysis of AT2R -1332 G:A polymorphism indicated the absence of association between this polymorphism with T2DM and diabetic nephropathy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analysis of AT2R -1332 G:A polymorphism indicated the absence of association between this polymorphism with T2DM and diabetic nephropathy. In females with diabetic nephropathy a significantly higher frequency of AA genotype (50%) was detected compared to those without nephropathy (13.3%, p=0.015). The presence of A allele of AT2R was associated with significantly (p=0.029) increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) in diabetic patients without nephropathy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study indicated an association between the AT2R -1332 G:A polymorphism and the risk of diabetic nephropathy in females only. Also, the A allele was associated with the risk of CAD in those diabetic patients without nephropathy.
authors.affiliation: Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran ; Department of Biochemistry, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
authors.forename: Zohreh
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Rahimi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Sanandaj Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran.
authors.forename: Omid
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Mansouri Zaveleh
authors.affiliation: Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
authors.forename: Ziba
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Rahimi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Sanandaj Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran.
authors.forename: Ardeshir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abbasi
keywords: AT2R -1332 G:A; Diabetic nephropathy; Polymorphism; Type 2 diabetes mellitus