title: Management of gynecological cancers during pregnancy.
abstract: The diagnosis of a gynecological malignancy during pregnancy is rare but not uncommon. Cancer treatment during pregnancy is possible, but both maternal and fetal interests need to be respected. Different treatment plans may be justifiable and multidisciplinary treatment is advised. Clinical trials are virtually impossible, and current evidence is mainly based on small case series and expert opinion. Individualization of treatment is necessary and based on tumor type, stage, and gestational age at time of diagnosis. Termination of pregnancy is not necessary in most cases. Surgery and chemotherapy (second trimester and onwards) are possible types of treatment during pregnancy. Radiotherapy of the pelvic area is not compatible with an ongoing pregnancy. This article discusses the current recommendations for the management of gynecological malignancies (cervical, ovarian, and vulvar cancers) during pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Gynecologic Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, and Division of Oncology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium, sileny.han@uzleuven.be.
authors.forename: Sileny N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Magali
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Verheecke
authors.forename: Tineke
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vandenbroucke
authors.forename: Mina Mhallem
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Gziri
authors.forename: Kristel
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Van Calsteren
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Amant
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005260:Female; D005833:Genital Neoplasms, Female / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D013509:Gynecologic Surgical Procedures; D006801:Humans; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011247:Pregnancy; D011252:Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents