title: Light-controlled flavonoid biosynthesis in fruits.
abstract: Light is one of the most important environmental factors affecting flavonoid biosynthesis in plants. The absolute dependency of light to the plant development has driven evolvement of sophisticated mechanisms to sense and transduce multiple aspects of the light signal. Light effects can be categorized in photoperiod (duration), intensity (quantity), direction and quality (wavelength) including UV-light. Recently, new information has been achieved on the regulation of light-controlled flavonoid biosynthesis in fruits, in which flavonoids have a major contribution on quality. This review focuses on the effects of the different light conditions on the control of flavonoid biosynthesis in fruit producing plants. An overview of the currently known mechanisms of the light-controlled flavonoid accumulation is provided. R2R3 MYB transcription factors are known to regulate by differential expression the biosynthesis of distinct flavonoids in response to specific light wavelengths. Despite recent advances, many gaps remain to be understood in the mechanisms of the transduction pathway of light-controlled flavonoid biosynthesis. A better knowledge on these regulatory mechanisms is likely to be useful for breeding programs aiming to modify fruit flavonoid pattern.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Oulu Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zoratti
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Oulu Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: Katja
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Karppinen
authors.affiliation: Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de la Frontera Temuco, Chile.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Luengo Escobar
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Oulu Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: Hely
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Häggman
authors.affiliation: Climate laboratory Holt, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway Tromsø, Norway ; Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research, Bioforsk Nord Holt Tromsø, Norway.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jaakola
keywords: MYBs; UV; anthocyanins; berries; flavonols; fruits; light; proanthocyanidins