title: Susceptibility-Based Differentiation of Intracranial Calcification and Hemorrhage in Pediatric Patients.
abstract: Differential diagnosis of intracranial hemorrhage versus calcification on conventional magnetic resonance images (MRIs) is often challenging. Although computed tomography (CT) confirms calcification, phase information obtained during susceptibility-weighted imaging can be useful in distinguishing between 2 pathologies. Fourteen patients previously diagnosed to have hemorrhage or calcification with imaging were included in the study retrospectively. Phase shift values of hemorrhage and calcification were compared by using Student t test. The pathologies identified were tuberous sclerosis, Sturge-Weber syndrome, craniopharyngioma, congenital cytomegalovirus, subependymal hemorrhages, and hemorrhagic microembolic infarction. Calcifications appeared hypointense whereas hemorrhages were hyperintense on phase maps (left-handed magnetic resonance system). Statistical comparison of phase shift values yielded significant difference between hemorrhage versus calcification (P < .01). Phase maps were found to offer valuable data to differentiate 2 pathologies when used complementary to conventional magnetic resonance images. Considering the relatively higher risks of radiation exposure in children, susceptibility-weighted imaging with phase maps may help to waive radiation exposure from CT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey Biomedical Imaging Research Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey kzgumus@erciyes.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Kazim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gumus
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Gonca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Koc
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey Biomedical Imaging Research Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Selim
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Doganay
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sureyya B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Gorkem
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Dogan
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Canpolat
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey Biomedical Imaging Research Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Abdulhakim
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Coskun
authors.affiliation: Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bilgen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D020300:Intracranial Hemorrhages / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
keywords: calcification; intracranial hemorrhage; phase image; susceptibility-weighted imaging