title: Greater γ-tocopherol status during acute smoking abstinence with nicotine replacement therapy improved vascular endothelial function by decreasing 8-iso-15(S)-prostaglandin F2α.
abstract: Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) improves the long-term success rate of smoking cessation, but induces oxidative stress and inflammatory responses that may delay the restoration of vascular endothelial function (VEF). No studies have examined co-therapy of NRT-assisted smoking abstinence with γ-tocopherol (γ-T), a vitamin E form with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, on improvements in VEF. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, healthy smokers (25 ± 1 y old; mean ± SEM) received NRT and abstained from smoking for 24 h with placebo (n = 12) or oral administration of γ-T-rich mixture of tocopherols (γ-TmT; n = 11) that provided 500 mg γ-T. Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD), and biomarkers of nitric oxide metabolism, antioxidant status, inflammation, and lipid peroxidation [8-iso-prostaglandin F2α stereoisomers (8-iso-15(R)-PGF2α and 8-iso-15(S)-PGF2α)] were measured prior to and after 24 h of smoking abstinence. Smoking abstinence with NRT regardless of γ-TmT similarly decreased urinary naphthol (P < 0.05) without affecting plasma cotinine. γ-TmT increased plasma γ-T by 4-times and the urinary metabolite of γ-T, γ-carboxyethyl-chromanol, by three times. Smoking abstinence with γ-TmT, but not smoking abstinence alone, increased FMD without affecting plasma nitrate/nitrite or the ratio of asymmetric dimethylarginine/arginine. Urinary 8-iso-15(S)-PGF2α decreased only in those receiving γ-TmT and was inversely correlated to FMD (R = -0.43, P < 0.05). Circulating markers of inflammation were unaffected by smoking abstinence or γ-TmT. Short-term NRT-assisted smoking abstinence with γ-TmT, but not NRT-assisted smoking abstinence alone, improved VEF by decreasing 8-iso-15(S)-PGF2α, a vasoconstrictor that was otherwise unaffected by NRT-assisted smoking abstinence.
authors.affiliation: Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
authors.forename: Eunice
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mah
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
authors.forename: Ruisong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pei
authors.affiliation: Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Masterjohn
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Cardiology, Henry Low Heart Center, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT 06102, USA.
authors.forename: Kevin D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Ballard
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Cardiology, Henry Low Heart Center, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT 06102, USA.
authors.forename: Beth A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.affiliation: Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
authors.forename: Alan W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.affiliation: Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
authors.forename: Maret G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Traber
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
authors.forename: Jeff S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Volek
authors.affiliation: Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA Bruno.27@osu.edu.
authors.forename: Richard S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Bruno
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000502:physiology; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*; D061485:Tobacco Use Cessation Devices; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000502:physiology; D024504:gamma-Tocopherol / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; C075750:8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D024504:gamma-Tocopherol; D015237:Dinoprost
keywords: Vascular endothelial function; flow-mediated dilation; nicotine replacement therapy; smoking cessation; vitamin E