title: Etiology of musculoskeletal injuries in amateur breakdancers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of musculoskeletal injuries in breakdancers and investigate the association with training habits.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-six males and sixteen females completed a questionnaire regarding their training and competition habits (frequency, warm-up and stretching, strength training, protective equipment, move types and supervision) and the musculoskeletal injuries sustained as a result of breakdancing in the previous 12 months. The effects of training habits and sex on injury rates were analyzed by a Mann-Whitney Test and a Kruskal-Wallis Test, while a stepwise linear regression analysis assessed the link between injury rates and quantitative risk factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The injury rate was 4.02 injuries per 1000 h, with no significant difference between males and females (P>0.05). The main injuries affected were the knee (23.4%) and wrist (15.3%), and females were characterized by a significantly greater number of finger injuries and a lower number of shoulder injuries that males (P<0.05). In addition, of all the factors evaluated, only the amount of time spent performing breakdance training showed a significant association with injury rate (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that interventions should focus on protecting specific body parts and improving training quality and recovery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Sports Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, London metropolitan University, London, UK - adelextrat@brookes.ac.uk.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Joka
authors.forename: N D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Delextrat
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003615:Dancing / Q000293:injuries*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D052580:Muscle Stretching Exercises; D009141:Musculoskeletal System / Q000293:injuries*; D010806:Physical Education and Training / Q000379:methods*; D055070:Resistance Training; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology; D063996:Warm-Up Exercise; D055815:Young Adult