title: Angiopoietins in haematopoietic stem cell mobilisation in patients with haematological malignancies.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The bone marrow niche contains different types of cells including osteoblasts and endothelial progenitors, all of which interact and take part in the process of mobilisation. The aim of our study was to evaluate the levels of cytokines (osteopontin and angiopoietins 1 and 2) active in the bone marrow niche during the mobilisation of haematopoietic stem cells for autologous transplantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-eight patients (24 females, 24 males), median age 56.5 years, entered the study. The group consisted of patients with multiple myeloma (n=34), lymphoma (n=13) and acute myeloid leukaemia (n=1). Blood samples were collected before chemotherapy and on the day of the first apheresis. Cytokines were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Additionally, circulating endothelial cells were assessed by flow cytometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median concentration of angiopoietin 1 at the time of apheresis was lower than that at baseline (2.7 vs 7.8 ng/mL, p<0.001). In contrast, the median level of angiopoietin 2 increased during the mobilisation procedure (3.6 vs 2.8 ng/mL, p=0.001). The patients were divided according to the number of days of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor treatment before the first apheresis into "early" (<median=11 days) and "late" (>median) mobilisers. The group of "early mobilisers" had higher baseline angiopoietin 1 levels (median=11.6 ng/mL) than those of the "late mobilisers" (median=6.0 ng/mL, p=0.05). An adverse correlation was observed between duration of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor treatment and baseline angiopoietin 1 level. Baseline angiopoietin 1 levels correlated with numbers of circulating endothelial cells. Low angiopoietin 2 level increased the chance of poor mobilisation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The angiogenic processes can influence the timing of mobilisation. Angiopoietins 1 and 2 need further evaluation in the context of mobilisation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Haematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Szmigielska-Kaplon
authors.affiliation: Department of Haematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Krawczynska
authors.affiliation: Department of Haematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Czemerska
authors.affiliation: Department of Haematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pluta
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Haematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cebula-Obrzut
authors.affiliation: Department of Sports Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Szmigielska
authors.affiliation: Department of Haematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Konrad
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stępka
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Haematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Smolewski
authors.affiliation: Department of Haematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Tadeusz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Robak
authors.affiliation: Department of Haematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wierzbowska
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D042683:Angiopoietin-1 / Q000097:blood*; D042702:Angiopoietin-2 / Q000097:blood*; D064592:Autografts; D005260:Female; D019337:Hematologic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000628:therapy; D019650:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053495:Osteopontin / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: C467630:ANGPT1 protein, human; C586513:ANGPT2 protein, human; D042683:Angiopoietin-1; D042702:Angiopoietin-2; D053495:Osteopontin