title: Taurolidine as an effective and biocompatible additive for plaque-removing techniques on implant surfaces.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was the evaluation of the effectiveness and efficiency of two plaque-removing techniques, plastic curettes (PC) and glycine powder airflow (GLY) in combination with taurolidine (T), chlorhexidine (CHX), or pure water (PW) as additives and compared to groups without previous treatment (NT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Plaque was collected on titanium samples for 48 h in six subjects. Specimens were worn in a special splint in the upper jaw and randomly assigned to test and control groups. After biofilm removal procedures, clean implant surface (CIS) on the samples and treatment time were taken as parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean CIS was determined in the following descending order: T-GLY > CHX-GLY > NT-GLY > T-PC > PW-GLY > PW-PC > CHX-PC > NT-PC. Mean treatment time was determined in the following ascending order: T-GLY < CHX-GLY < PW-GLY < NT-GLY < T-PC < CHX-PC < PW-PC < NT-PC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that T showed the highest CIS in the GLY and PC groups. T-GLY showed significantly more CIS than all other GLY groups. The T-PC group showed significantly more CIS than all other PC groups. The treatment times of the T groups were significantly lower than their corresponding PC or GLY groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the current study indicate that taurolidine seems to enhance effectiveness of plaque-removing procedures with plastic curettes and glycine powder airflow. Also, the efficiency of both treatment procedures seems to be increased.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Surgery, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany, Gordon.John@med.uni-duesseldorf.de.
authors.forename: Gordon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: John
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schwarz
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Becker
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D020906:Air Abrasion, Dental / Q000295:instrumentation*; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology; D018441:Biofilms; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015921:Dental Implants; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013654:Taurine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013829:Thiadiazines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014025:Titanium
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D015921:Dental Implants; D013829:Thiadiazines; D013654:Taurine; C012566:taurolidine; D014025:Titanium; D002710:Chlorhexidine