title: [Clinical features of inhaled and blood-borne Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia and analysis of antibiotic resistance of the pathogen in children].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the clinical manifestations between inhaled and blood-borne Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia (SAP) and the antibiotic resistance between the isolates of inhaled and blood-borne Staphylococcus aureus.
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinical data of 44 pediatric SAP cases in the Children&prime;s Hospital, Chongqing Medical University from January 2008 to December 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Twenty-four cases were identified as inhaled SAP, and 20 cases as blood-borne SAP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Inhaled SAP was more common in children younger than 3 years of age, while blood-borne SAP was more prevalent in children older than 6 years of age. Patients with inhaled SAP had significantly higher incidence rates of cough, wheeze, moist rales, dyspnea and empyema than those with blood-borne SAP (P&lt;0.05). The patients with blood-borne SAP were more vulnerable to severe fever, unconsciousness, dysfunction of liver and kidney, pyogenic osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, sepsis, and abscess of skin and soft tissues (P&lt;0.05). Inhaled SAP isolates had significantly higher rates of resistance to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, oxacillin, and cefoxitin than blood-borne SAP isolates (P&lt;0.05), while the latter had a higher rate of resistance to cotrimoxazole (P&lt;0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Inhaled SAP often occurs in children younger than 3 years of age, and the respiratory manifestations are commonly seen. Blood-borne SAP often occurs in children older than 6 years of age, with the infectious-toxic symptoms that result in multiple organ infection and dysfunction. The isolates of inhaled and blood-borne SAP have different antibiograms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Disease, Children&prime;s Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China. luozhengxiu816@163.com.
authors.forename: Guang-Li
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ru
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Dong-Wei
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jun-Qi
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Si-Ying
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Zheng-Xiu
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Luo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D017848:Blood-Borne Pathogens / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011023:Pneumonia, Staphylococcal / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies