title: Comparative endothelial cell response on topographically patterned titanium and silicon substrates with micrometer to sub-micrometer feature sizes.
abstract: In this work, we evaluate the in vitro response of endothelial cells (EC) to variation in precisely-defined, micrometer to sub-micrometer scale topography on two different substrate materials, titanium (Ti) and silicon (Si). Both substrates possess identically-patterned surfaces composed of microfabricated, groove-based gratings with groove widths ranging from 0.5 to 50 µm, grating pitch twice the groove width, and groove depth of 1.3 µm. These specific materials are chosen due to their relevance for implantable microdevice applications, while grating-based patterns are chosen for the potential they afford for inducing elongated and aligned cellular morphologies reminiscent of the native endothelium. Using EA926 cells, a human EC variant, we show significant improvement in cellular adhesion, proliferation, morphology, and function with decreasing feature size on patterned Ti substrates. Moreover, we show similar trending on patterned Si substrates, albeit to a lesser extent than on comparably patterned Ti substrates. Collectively, these results suggest promise for sub-micrometer topographic patterning in general, and sub-micrometer patterning of Ti specifically, as a means for enhancing endothelialization and neovascularisation for novel implantable microdevice applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America; Department of Bioengineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Prashanthi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vandrangi
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Shannon C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Gott
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Ryan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kozaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America; Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Victor G J
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Rodgers
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America; Department of Bioengineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America; Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Masaru P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Rao
mesh_terms: D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002452:Cell Count; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006801:Humans; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D010316:Particle Size; D012825:Silicon / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D014025:Titanium; D012825:Silicon