title: Integrated pest management and weed management in the United States and Canada.
abstract: There is interest in more diverse weed management tactics because of evolved herbicide resistance in important weeds in many US and Canadian crop systems. While herbicide resistance in weeds is not new, the issue has become critical because of the adoption of simple, convenient and inexpensive crop systems based on genetically engineered glyphosate-tolerant crop cultivars. Importantly, genetic engineering has not been a factor in rice and wheat, two globally important food crops. There are many tactics that help to mitigate herbicide resistance in weeds and should be widely adopted. Evolved herbicide resistance in key weeds has influenced a limited number of growers to include a more diverse suite of tactics to supplement existing herbicidal tactics. Most growers still emphasize herbicides, often to the exclusion of alternative tactics. Application of integrated pest management for weeds is better characterized as integrated weed management, and more typically integrated herbicide management. However, adoption of diverse weed management tactics is limited. Modifying herbicide use will not solve herbicide resistance in weeds, and the relief provided by different herbicide use practices is generally short-lived at best. More diversity of tactics for weed management must be incorporated in crop systems.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
authors.forename: Micheal D K
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Owen
authors.forename: Hugh J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Beckie
authors.forename: Julia Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Leeson
authors.forename: Jason K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Norsworthy
authors.forename: Larry E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Steckel
mesh_terms: D002170:Canada; D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000235:genetics; D053209:Herbicide Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D006540:Herbicides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D057685:Plant Weeds / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D014481:United States; D058728:Weed Control / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D006540:Herbicides
keywords: glyphosate; herbicide resistance; integrated herbicide management; integrated pest management; integrated weed management