title: The effect of season on spermatozoa motility, plasma membrane and acrosome integrity in fresh and frozen-thawed semen from Xinong Saanen bucks.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the season of ejaculate collection influences seminal quality parameters of pre- and post-freeze-thawing in Xinong Saanen bucks. Ejaculates were collected from eight bucks throughout the four seasons (spring, summer, autumn and winter) in a 12 months' time period, identified in the Northern Hemisphere. Semen samples were evaluated by the combinations of conventional and Computer-Assisted Sperm Analysis (CASA) when fresh and after frozen-thawed, respectively. The results clearly demonstrated that season of ejaculate collection influenced (p < 0.05) fresh semen quality. Highest semen quality was observed during autumn. On the contrary, undesirable indices (significantly lower, p < 0.05) were observed in winter as compared with the other remaining seasons. CASA has clearly shown the influences of seasonal variations on semen motility parameters. Furthermore, season of ejaculate collection was also found to influence sperm freezability. Semen characteristics after frozen-thawed followed a similar pattern with that of fresh ejaculate except in spring. The results revealed that sperm quality was higher (p < 0.01) in summer and autumn than in spring and winter. In conclusion, seasonal variation influences semen quality in Xinong Saanen bucks. In addition to summer and autumn, fresh ejaculates in spring can also be successfully used for AI. Sperm from ejaculates collected during summer and autumn are more suitable for cryopreservation. Hence, it is possible to increase the efficiency of goat breeding by manipulating the seasonal variations of semen quality for immediate AI and/or cryopreservation.
authors.affiliation: Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xi
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Haile
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D000177:Acrosome / Q000648:ultrastructure; D000818:Animals; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000648:ultrastructure; D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000662:veterinary*; D006041:Goats; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007315:Insemination, Artificial / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D012621:Seasons; D055101:Semen Analysis / Q000662:veterinary; D012662:Semen Preservation / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D013081:Sperm Motility / Q000502:physiology*; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure