title: Probing the immune and healing response of murine intestinal mucosa by time-lapse 2-photon microscopy of laser-induced lesions with real-time dosimetry.
abstract: Gut mucosa is an important interface between body and environment. Immune response and healing processes of murine small intestinal mucosa were investigated by intravital time-lapse two-photon excited autofluorescence microscopy of the response to localized laser-induced damage. Epithelial lesions were created by 355-nm, 500-ps pulses from a microchip laser that produced minute cavitation bubbles. Size and dynamics of these bubbles were monitored using a novel interferometric backscattering technique with 80 nm resolution. Small bubbles (< 2.5 µm maximum radius) merely resulted in autofluorescence loss of the target cell. Larger bubbles (7-25 µm) affected several cells and provoked immigration of immune cells (polymorphonuclear leucocytes). Damaged cells were expelled into the lumen, and the epithelium healed within 2 hours by stretching and migration of adjacent epithelial cells.
authors.affiliation: University of Lübeck, Institute of Biomedical Optics, Peter-Monnik-Weg 4, 23562 Lübeck, Germany ; Authors have contributed equally.
authors.forename: Regina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Orzekowsky-Schroeder
authors.affiliation: University of Lübeck, Institute of Anatomy, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany ; Authors have contributed equally.
authors.forename: Antje
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Klinger
authors.affiliation: University of Lübeck, Institute of Biomedical Optics, Peter-Monnik-Weg 4, 23562 Lübeck, Germany.
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Freidank
authors.affiliation: University of Lübeck, Institute of Biomedical Optics, Peter-Monnik-Weg 4, 23562 Lübeck, Germany.
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Linz
authors.affiliation: University of Lübeck, Institute of Biomedical Optics, Peter-Monnik-Weg 4, 23562 Lübeck, Germany.
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eckert
authors.affiliation: University of Lübeck, Institute of Biomedical Optics, Peter-Monnik-Weg 4, 23562 Lübeck, Germany.
authors.forename: Gereon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hüttmann
authors.affiliation: University of Lübeck, Institute of Anatomy, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany ; present address: University of Jena, Institute of Anatomy II, 07740 Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gebert
authors.affiliation: University of Lübeck, Institute of Biomedical Optics, Peter-Monnik-Weg 4, 23562 Lübeck, Germany.
authors.forename: Alfred
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vogel
keywords: (170.1020) Ablation of tissue; (170.2520) Fluorescence microscopy; (170.2680) Gastrointestinal; (170.3880) Medical and biological imaging; (170.4520) Optical confinement and manipulation; (180.4315) Nonlinear microscopy; (350.3390) Laser materials processing; (350.4855) Optical tweezers or optical manipulation