title: Direct bio-utilization of untreated rapeseed meal for effective iturin A production by Bacillus subtilis in submerged fermentation.
abstract: The feasibility of using untreated rapeseed meal as a nitrogen source for iturin A production by Bacillus subtilis 3-10 in submerged fermentation was first evaluated by comparison with two different commercial nitrogen sources of peptone and ammonium nitrate. A significant promoting effect of rapeseed meal on iturin A production was observed and the maximum iturin A concentration of 0.60 g/L was reached at 70 h, which was 20% and 8.0 fold higher than that produced from peptone and ammonium nitrate media, respectively. It was shown that rapeseed meal had a positive induction effect on protease secretion, contributing to the release of soluble protein from low water solubility solid rapeseed meal for an effective supply of available nitrogen during fermentation. Moreover, compared to raw rapeseed meal, the remaining residue following fermentation could be used as a more suitable supplementary protein source for animal feed because of the great decrease of major anti-nutritional components including sinapine, glucosinolate and its degradation products of isothiocyanate and oxazolidine thione. The results obtained from this study demonstrate the potential of direct utilization of low cost rapeseed meal as a nitrogen source for commercial production of iturin A and other secondary metabolites by Bacillus subtilis.
authors.affiliation: Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Hu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Wuhan, China; College of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Xinran
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Kunpeng
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Yanxing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.affiliation: Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Mian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Chuanjiong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Yangmin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Fenghong
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000378:metabolism*; D019149:Bioreactors; D029741:Brassica rapa / Q000378:metabolism*; D002480:Cellulase / Q000378:metabolism; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005285:Fermentation; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D010461:Peptones / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D009566:Nitrates; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; D010461:Peptones; C013579:iturin A; D002480:Cellulase; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases; D005947:Glucose; D009584:Nitrogen; D010100:Oxygen; C006568:ammonium nitrate