title: Role of Ankaferd on bacterial translocation and inflammatory response in an experimental rat model of intestinal obstruction.
abstract: Intestinal obstruction (IO) is an important risk factor for the development of bacteria translocation (BT), a serious condition associated with sepsis and potential mortality. Ankaferd is an herbal extract that is reported to exert anti-hemorrhagic, anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, and anti-inflammatory, effects in the intestine. In this study, we employed an animal model of intestinal obstruction to evaluate the effects of Ankaferd in the prevention of bacterial translocation and the suppression of the inflammatory response. Thirty male Wistar Albino rats were allocated randomly to three groups: Group 1 (sham) underwent ileal manipulation alone; Group 2 (intestinal obstruction, IO) underwent complete ileal ligation; Group 3 (intestinal obstruction + Ankaferd blood stopper, ABS) underwent complete ileal ligation and intraperitoneal Ankaferd injection. All rats were euthanized after 24 hours. Blood samples were collected for the measurement of serum oxidative stress parameters and cytokine expression. In addition, liver, mesenteric lymph node (MLN), spleen, and ileal specimens were obtained for microbiological culture to determine the rate of bacterial translocation. Liver and ileal tissues were collected for histopathological examination. A reduction in oxidative damage, inflammatory cytokine expression and bacterial translocation was observed in the ABS treatment group relative to the IO group (p<0.05). Furthermore, histopathological examination demonstrated a reduction in obstruction-induced mucosal injury in Ankaferd-treated rats. Data derived from this study provided the first evidence that Ankaferd treatment limits bacterial translocation and enhances intestinal barrier function in mice undergoing intestinal obstruction. Ankaferd may be useful in the prevention of BT associated with IO.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Dicle University Medical School Diyarbakir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Velat
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sen
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Dicle University Medical School Diyarbakir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Unal
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Uluca
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Dicle University Medical School Diyarbakir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Aydın
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ece
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Dicle University Medical School Diyarbakir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Güneş
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dicle University Medical School Diyarbakir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hikmet
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zeytun
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dicle University Medical School Diyarbakir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Serkan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arslan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Dicle University Medical School Diyarbakir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kaplan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Dicle University Medical School Diyarbakir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Gül
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Türkçü
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Dicle University Medical School Diyarbakir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Recep
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tekin
keywords: Ankaferd; bacterial translocation; cytokines; intestinal obstruction; oxidative stress