title: Preparation and use of maize tassels' activated carbon for the adsorption of phenolic compounds in environmental waste water samples.
abstract: The determination and remediation of three phenolic compounds bisphenol A (BPA), ortho-nitrophenol (o-NTP), parachlorophenol (PCP) in wastewater is reported. The analysis of these molecules in wastewater was done using gas chromatography (GC) × GC time-of-flight mass spectrometry while activated carbon derived from maize tassel was used as an adsorbent. During the experimental procedures, the effect of various parameters such as initial concentration, pH of sample solution, eluent volume, and sample volume on the removal efficiency with respect to the three phenolic compounds was studied. The results showed that maize tassel produced activated carbon (MTAC) cartridge packed solid-phase extraction (SPE) system was able to remove the phenolic compounds effectively (90.84-98.49%, 80.75-97.11%, and 78.27-97.08% for BPA, o-NTP, and PCP, respectively). The MTAC cartridge packed SPE sorbent performance was compared to commercially produced C18 SPE cartridges and found to be comparable. All the parameters investigated were found to have a notable influence on the adsorption efficiency of the phenolic compounds from wastewaters at different magnitudes.
authors.affiliation: Nanotechnology for Water Sustainability Research Unit, UNISA Science Campus, University of South Africa, Florida 1709, Johannesburg, South Africa.
authors.forename: O F
authors.initials: OF
authors.lastname: Olorundare
authors.forename: T A M
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Msagati
authors.forename: R W M
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Krause
authors.forename: J O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Okonkwo
authors.forename: B B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Mamba
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002606:Charcoal / Q000737:chemistry*; D002733:Chlorophenols / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D056626:Inflorescence / Q000737:chemistry*; D009596:Nitrophenols / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010636:Phenols / Q000302:isolation & purification; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D060753:Water Quality; D003313:Zea mays / Q000737:chemistry; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D002606:Charcoal; D002733:Chlorophenols; D009596:Nitrophenols; D010636:Phenols; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C029107:4-chlorophenol; C045573:2-nitrophenol; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds