title: CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation are associated with HIV DNA in resting CD4+ T cells.
abstract: The association between the host immune environment and the size of the HIV reservoir during effective antiretroviral therapy is not clear. Progress has also been limited by the lack of a well-accepted assay for quantifying HIV during therapy. We examined the association between multiple measurements of HIV and T cell activation (as defined by markers including CD38, HLA-DR, CCR5 and PD-1) in 30 antiretroviral-treated HIV-infected adults. We found a consistent association between the frequency of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells expressing HLA-DR and the frequency of resting CD4+ T cells containing HIV DNA. This study highlights the need to further examine this relationship and to better characterize the biology of markers commonly used in HIV studies. These results may also have implications for reactivation strategies.
authors.affiliation: HIV/AIDS Division, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Leslie R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Cockerham
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Janet D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Siliciano
authors.affiliation: Division of Experimental Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sinclair
authors.affiliation: University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
authors.forename: Una
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: O'Doherty
authors.affiliation: Westmead Millennium Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, Australia; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Palmer
authors.affiliation: San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Steven A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Yukl
authors.affiliation: Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Matt C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Strain
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute Florida, Port St. Lucie, Florida, United States of America.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chomont
authors.affiliation: HIV/AIDS Division, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Frederick M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Hecht
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Robert F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Siliciano
authors.affiliation: Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, United States of America; University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Douglas D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Richman
authors.affiliation: HIV/AIDS Division, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Steven G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Deeks
mesh_terms: D051997:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D004197:Disease Reservoirs / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004279:DNA, Viral; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D051997:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1