title: Secular trends in meat and seafood consumption patterns among Chinese adults, 1991-2011.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Several studies have suggested differential health effects in relation to different meat composition in Western population. The purpose of the study was to examine secular trends in meat and seafood consumption patterns among Chinese adults between 1991 and 2011.
  
  
  METHODS
  Our longitudinal data are from 21,144 adults aged 18-75 in the China Health and Nutrition Survey, prospective cohort study. We assessed the intakes of meat and subtypes with three 24-h dietary recalls. We conducted multilevel mixed-effect logistic and linear regression models to examine meat consumption dynamics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The proportions of Chinese adults who consumed red meat, poultry and seafood increased from 65.7% in 1991 to 86.1% in 2011, from 7.5 to 20.9% and from 27.4 to 37.8%, respectively. With rapid decrease in meat intakes since 2009, the intakes of total meat, red meat, poultry and seafood among their consumers were 86.7 g/day, 86.4 g/day, 71.0 g/day and 70.3 g/day in 2011, respectively, which were just slightly higher compared with those in 1991. Fatty fresh pork has been predominantly component of total meat overtime, which consituted 54.0% of total meat intake, 80.0% of fresh red meat intake and 98.7% of fatty fresh red meat intake in 2011.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Over the past two decades, meat consumption patterns of Chinese adults have been characterized by having a predominant intake of fatty fresh pork, suboptimal intakes of seafood and increased proportion of adults having excessive intakes of red meat and poultry overtime.
authors.affiliation: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Z H
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: F Y
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Zhai
authors.affiliation: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: W W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D002681:China; D004032:Diet; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008460:Meat; D011939:Mental Recall; D008875:Middle Aged; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017747:Seafood; D013552:Swine; D055815:Young Adult