title: Associations between Antisocial Personality Disorder and Sex on Discounting Rates.
abstract: Numerous studies show that individuals with substance use and gambling problems discount delayed and probabilistic outcomes at different rates than controls. Few studies, however, investigated the association of discounting with antisocial personality disorders (ASPD), and none evaluated whether sex impacts these relationships. Because females with ASPD exhibit different patterns of antisocial behavior than their male counterparts, they may also differ in their decision-making tendencies. This study examined the effects of ASPD and sex on discounting in pathological gamblers. Results revealed effects of ASPD, and an interaction between ASPD and sex, on probability discounting rates. None of these variables, however, were related to delay discounting. Females with ASPD highly preferred probabilistic outcomes, suggesting that female gamblers with ASPD are particularly impulsive when it comes to probabilistic rewards. Greater understanding of sex differences in ASPD might help guide the selection of more effective sex-specific prevention and treatment programs.
authors.affiliation: Psychology Department, Westfield State University, 577 Western Avenue, Westfield, MA 01086.
authors.forename: Leonardo F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.affiliation: Psychology department, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street W., Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H4B 1R6.
authors.forename: Levi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Riven
authors.affiliation: Calhoun Cardiology Center, MC-3944, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030-3944, USA.
authors.forename: Nancy M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Petry
keywords: Probability discounting; antisocial personality disorder; delay discounting; gambling; sex