title: A developmental cell-type switch in cortical interneurons leads to a selective defect in cortical oscillations.
abstract: The cellular diversity of interneurons in the neocortex is thought to reflect subtype-specific roles of cortical inhibition. Here we ask whether perturbations to two subtypes--parvalbumin-positive (PV+) and somatostatin-positive (SST+) interneurons--can be compensated for with respect to their contributions to cortical development. We use a genetic cell fate switch to delete both PV+ and SST+ interneurons selectively in cortical layers 2-4 without numerically changing the total interneuron population. This manipulation is compensated for at the level of synaptic currents and receptive fields (RFs) in the somatosensory cortex. By contrast, we identify a deficit in inhibitory synchronization in vitro and a large reduction in cortical gamma oscillations in vivo. This reveals that, while the roles of inhibition in establishing cortical inhibitory/excitatory balance and RFs can be subserved by multiple interneuron subtypes, gamma oscillations depend on cellular properties that cannot be compensated for--likely, the fast signalling properties of PV+ interneurons.
authors.affiliation: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724, USA.
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Takada
authors.affiliation: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724, USA.
authors.forename: Hyun Jae
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Pi
authors.affiliation: Smilow Neuroscience Program, the Department of Cell Biology, New York University, New York, New York 10016, USA.
authors.forename: Vitor H
authors.initials: VH
authors.lastname: Sousa
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA.
authors.forename: Jack
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Waters
authors.affiliation: Smilow Neuroscience Program, the Department of Cell Biology, New York University, New York, New York 10016, USA.
authors.forename: Gord
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fishell
authors.affiliation: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724, USA.
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kepecs
authors.affiliation: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724, USA.
authors.forename: Pavel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Osten
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003344:Cortical Synchronization; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007395:Interneurons / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D019579:Neocortex / Q000502:physiology*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000172:deficiency; D010320:Parvalbumins / Q000172:deficiency; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D017966:Pyramidal Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000172:deficiency; D000074482:Thyroid Nuclear Factor 1; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000172:deficiency
chemical_list: D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010320:Parvalbumins; D000074482:Thyroid Nuclear Factor 1; D014157:Transcription Factors; D013004:Somatostatin