title: Nanostructured copper-coated solid-phase microextraction fiber for gas chromatographic analysis of dibutyl phthalate and diethylhexyl phthalate environmental estrogens.
abstract: A novel nanostructured copper-based solid-phase microextraction fiber was developed and applied for determining the two most common types of phthalate environmental estrogens (dibutyl phthalate and diethylhexyl phthalate) in aqueous samples, coupled to gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. The copper film was coated onto a stainless-steel wire via an electroless plating process, which involved a surface activation process to improve the surface properties of the fiber. Several parameters affecting extraction efficiency such as extraction time, extraction temperature, ionic strength, desorption temperature, and desorption time were optimized by a factor-by-factor procedure to obtain the highest extraction efficiency. The as-established method showed wide linear ranges (0.05-250 μg/L). Precision of single fiber repeatability was <7.0%, and fiber-to-fiber repeatability was <10%. Limits of detection were 0.01 μg/L. The proposed method exhibited better or comparable extraction performance compared with commercial and other lab-made fibers, and excellent thermal stability and durability. The proposed method was applied successfully for the determination of model analytes in plastic soaking water.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong (University of Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, China.
authors.forename: Juanjuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Yanan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bu
authors.forename: Chuannan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Luo
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry; D003993:Dibutyl Phthalate / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004051:Diethylhexyl Phthalate / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D060766:Drinking Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D004967:Estrogens / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D060766:Drinking Water; D004967:Estrogens; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D003993:Dibutyl Phthalate; D003300:Copper; D004051:Diethylhexyl Phthalate
keywords: Environmental estrogens; Gas chromatography; Nanostructured copper; Phthalates; Solid-phase microextraction