title: Effectiveness of infliximab, adalimumab and golimumab for non-infectious refractory uveitis in adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To discuss the available data regarding the off-label uses of anti-TNF agents in non-infectious uveitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A literature search was performed in Medline through PubMed from January 2001 to January 2014.
  
  
  METHODS
  English-language articles about uveitis treatment with anti-TNF drugs in adult patients were reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The use of anti-TNF-Î ± drugs for treatment of several refractory manifestations of refractory uveitis in adult patients is increasing. However, due to the lack of evidence from randomized controlled trials, the use of anti-TNF in uveitis remains âoff-labelâ in most countries. There is no trial-based evidence to support it except for the experience provided by cases and case series. This experience, which is continuously increasing, has yielded encouraging results. Anti-TNF-Î ± drugs, such as infliximab, adalimumab, and golimumab, are reasonably effective for controlling ocular inflammation and sparing patients corticosteroid treatment in non-infectious refractory uveitis. Approximately 80% of patients on infliximab, adalimumab, or golimumab were able to achieve sustained control of inflammation by 6 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anti-TNF-Î ± therapy is effective in inducing clinical remission for refractory uveitis, with a relatively low rate of treatment-ending adverse events. However, randomized and controlled trials are required to adequately assess the maintained clinical efficacy and safety profile in the long term of anti-TNF agents for non-infectious refractory uveitis.
authors.forename: Joaquín
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Borrás-Blasco
authors.forename: Dolores-Elvira
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Casterá
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cortes
authors.forename: F Javier
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Abad
authors.forename: J Dolores
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Rosique-Robles
authors.forename: Lucia Gimeno
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Mallench
mesh_terms: D000068879:Adalimumab; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000069285:Infliximab; D012074:Remission Induction; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D014605:Uveitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C529000:golimumab; D000069285:Infliximab; D000068879:Adalimumab