Mediation of smoking abstinence self-efficacy on the association of nicotine dependence with smoking cessation.
BACKGROUND
The nicotine dependence (ND) has negative and smoking abstinence self-efficacy (SASE) has positive effects on successful smoking cessation, but scant data is now available for what is the mediating role of SASE on the relationship between ND and successful smoking cessation. The aim of this study was to assess the abovementioned mediation.


METHODS
A case-control study was conducted with 642 successful spontaneous quitters as the cases, and 700 failed spontaneous quitters as the controls. ND and SASE were evaluated by Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) scale and SASE scale, respectively. Propensity score as covariate in the regression model was used to adjust for potential confounders of age, age of smoking initiation, occupation, educational level and marital status. Total effect was decomposed into direct and indirect (mediating) effect using logistic regression based on the KHB method proposed by Holm et al.


RESULTS
After adjusting for the aforementioned potential confounders, the mediating effects among the total effect of ND on successful spontaneous smoking cessation were 32.90%, 12.14%, 35.64% and 83.03% for the total score of SASE and its three context-specific situation scores, i.e. positive/social situation, negative/affective situation and habit/addictive situation, respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
This study indicates that SASE has a partial mediating effect on the association of ND with successful spontaneous smoking cessation. To boost the smokers' SASE could increase the probability of successful smoking cessation.
1 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
Suyun
S
Li
2 Department of Health Administration, Shandong Medical College, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
Liyi
L
Fang
1 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
Yunping
Y
Zhou
1 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
Lulu
L
Pan
1 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
Xiaorong
X
Yang
1 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
Huijie
H
Li
1 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
Qiang
Q
Wang
1 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
Fan
F
Jiang
1 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
Nan
N
Zhang
1 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
Mingkui
M
Han
1 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China jiachongqi@sdu.edu.cn.
Chongqi
C
Jia
D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020377:Self Efficacy; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology*