First salvage treatment of germ cell tumor patients with bone metastases: retrospective analysis of a large international database.
OBJECTIVE
To retrospectively analyze clinical characteristics, prognostic factors, and optimal treatment of patients with bone metastases (BM) of germ cell tumors (GCT) at first relapse.


METHODS
One hundred and four GCT patients with BM were identified from the IPFSG database containing 1,594 patients at first relapse. Within this database, all patients experienced unequivocal relapse/progression after cisplatin-based chemotherapy and had received either conventional (CD-CTX) or high-dose chemotherapy (HD-CTX) as first salvage treatment.


RESULTS
At relapse, eight patients (8 %) had BM only, concomitant relapse with lung, brain, liver and/or nodal metastases were present in 40 (39 %), 6 (6 %), 27 (26 %), and 69 (66 %) pts, respectively. Patients clustered over all IPFSG subgroups, and the IPFSG score could be confirmed. Salvage treatment was CD-CTX in 35 and HD-CTX in 69 patients. Overall response (CR, PR) rate to salvage chemotherapy was 81 % (HD-CTX) versus 43 % (CD-CTX; p < 0.001). Median follow-up was 14 months (mos; range 1-161). Both, median PFS and OS, were higher after HD-CTX compared to CD-CTX [PFS 9 (95 % CI 6-12) vs. 5 (3-7) mos (p < 0.01); OS 18 (12-24) vs. 13 (8-18) mos (p = 0.078)].


CONCLUSIONS
GCT patients relapsing with BM have a dismal outcome. Retrospectively, first salvage HD-CTX seems to improve treatment response and outcome. Further evaluation of characteristics and treatment of GCT patients with BM is warranted.
Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, University Medical Center Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany, c.oing@uke.de.
Christoph
C
Oing
Anja
A
Lorch
Carsten
C
Bokemeyer
Friedemann
F
Honecker
Jörg
J
Beyer
Lars Arne
LA
Berger
Karin
K
Oechsle
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary*; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016208:Databases, Factual; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D006801:Humans; D007391:International Cooperation; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009373:Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary*; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D016879:Salvage Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
D016190:Carboplatin