Epiphora after Uncomplicated Phacoemulsification: Study of Prevalence and Associated Factors.
OBJECTIVE
To describe the prevalence of epiphora and associated factors after uncomplicated phacoemulsification.


METHODS
Prospective and descriptive design. A group of 125 patients was asked about tearing one to two weeks after cataract surgery. A comprehensive examination was performed on the patients who answered affirmatively. All patients were re-interviewed by phone after three months and those who complained of epiphora were explored again.


RESULTS
Two weeks after surgery, prevalence of epiphora was 10.4%, but only 3.2% appeared after surgery. In patients with preoperative epiphora, the most frequently associated factors were ocular surface alterations (89%) and unctual and canalicular stenosis (56%). In patients with "new onset" epiphora (4 patients), these factors were: blepharitis (2/4), low tear break-up time (2/4), high tear meniscus (2/4), partial nasolacrimal duct obstruction (2/4), and unctual stenosis (1/4). Three months after surgery, the prevalence of epiphora was 13%, but only 7% appeared after surgery (6 patients). Of those 6 patients, 4 were re-examined: nasolacrimal duct obstruction (2/4), ocular surface problems (3/4), and unctual stenosis (1/4).


CONCLUSIONS
Presence of epiphora two weeks after phacoemulsification was infrequent, despite being present in a high proportion of patients before surgery. There was not a noticeable increase in epiphora at three months. The most frequently related factors were mixed disorders of the ocular surface and lacrimal system, without an important incidence of unctual and canalicular stenosis. We consider that our perception about complaints from patients after phacoemulsification may be biased due to those who had previously suffered from epiphora.
a Hospital Clínico San Carlos , Madrid , Spain.
Aurora
A
Ruiz-Calvo
a Hospital Clínico San Carlos , Madrid , Spain.
Juan A
JA
Troyano-Rivas
a Hospital Clínico San Carlos , Madrid , Spain.
Raquel
R
Martinez-Chico
a Hospital Clínico San Carlos , Madrid , Spain.
Angel
A
Romo-Lopez
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007766:Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018918:Phacoemulsification; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013666:Tears / Q000737:chemistry; D014031:Tobramycin / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D003907:Dexamethasone; D014031:Tobramycin
Cataract surgery; eyelid malposition; lacrimal system alterations; ocular discharge; surface alterations; tearing