Giving or receiving something for sex: a cross-sectional study of transactional sex among Ugandan university students.
OBJECTIVE
This study sought to determine the prevalence of transactional sex among university students in Uganda and to assess the possible relationship between transactional sex and sexual coercion, physical violence, mental health, and alcohol use.


METHODS
In 2010, 1954 undergraduate students at a Ugandan university responded to a self-administered questionnaire that assessed mental health, substance use, physical violence and sexual behaviors including sexual coercion and transactional sex. The prevalence of transactional sex was assessed and logistic regression analysis was performed to measure the associations between various risk factors and reporting transactional sex.


RESULTS
Approximately 25% of the study sample reported having taken part in transactional sex, with more women reporting having accepted money, gifts or some compensation for sex, while more men reporting having paid, given a gift or otherwise compensated for sex. Sexual coercion in men and women was significantly associated with having accepted money, gifts or some compensation for sex. Men who were victims of physical violence in the last 12 months had higher probability of having accepted money, gifts or some compensation for sex than other men. Women who were victims of sexual coercion reported greater likelihood of having paid, given a gift or otherwise compensated for sex. Respondents who had been victims of physical violence in last 12 months, engaged in heavy episodic drinking and had poor mental health status were more likely to have paid, given a gift or otherwise compensated for sex.


CONCLUSIONS
University students in Uganda are at high risk of transactional sex. Young men and women may be equally vulnerable to the risks and consequences of transactional sex and should be included in program initiatives to prevent transactional sex. The role of sexual coercion, physical violence, mental health, and alcohol use should be considered when designing interventions for countering transactional sex.
Division of Social Medicine and Global Health, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Vikas
V
Choudhry
Division of Social Medicine and Global Health, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Per-Olof
PO
Östergren
Multidisciplinary unit for Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, Lausanne University Hospital- CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Anne-Emmanuelle
AE
Ambresin
Department of Dean of Students, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda.
Emmanuel
E
Kyagaba
Division of Social Medicine and Global Health, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Anette
A
Agardh
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D003068:Coercion; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012742:Sex Offenses / Q000523:psychology; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology*; D014454:Uganda; D014495:Universities; D014754:Violence