Effect of short-term high-dose atorvastatin on systemic inflammatory response and myocardial ischemic injury in patients with unstable angina pectoris undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.
BACKGROUND
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) could develop periprocedural myocardial infarction and inflammatory response and statins can modify inflammatory responses property. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether short-term high-dose atorvastatin therapy can reduce inflammatory response and myocardial ischemic injury elicited by PCI.


METHODS
From March 2012 to May 2014, one hundred and sixty-five statin-naive patients with unstable angina referred for PCI at Department of Cardiology of the 306th Hospital, were enrolled and randomized to 7-day pretreatment with atorvastatin 80 mg/d as high dose group (HD group, n = 56) or 20 mg/d as normal dose group (ND group, n = 57) or an additional single high loading dose (80 mg) followed 6-day atorvastatin 20 mg/d as loading dose group (LD group, n = 52). Plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were determined before intervention and at 5 minutes, 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, and 7 days after intervention. Creatine kinase-myocardial isoenzyme (CK-MB) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) were measured at baseline and then 24 hours following PCI.


RESULTS
Plasma CRP and IL-6 levels increased from baseline after PCI in all groups. CRP reached a maximum at 48 hours and IL-6 level reached a maximum at 24 hours after PCI. Plasma CRP levels at 24 hours after PCI were significantly lower in the HD group ((9.14±3.02) mg/L) than in the LD group ((11.06±3.06) mg/L) and ND group ((12.36±3.08) mg/L, P < 0.01); this effect persisted for 72 hours. IL-6 levels at 24 hours and 48 hours showed a statistically significant decrease in the HD group ((16.19±5.39) ng/L and (14.26±4.12) ng/L, respectively)) than in the LD group ((19.26±6.34) ng/L and (16.03±4.08) ng/L, respectively, both P < 0.05) and ND group ((22.24±6.98) ng/L and (17.24±4.84) ng/L, respectively). IL-6 levels at 72 hours and 7 days showed no statistically significant difference among the study groups. Although PCI caused a significant increase in CK-MB and cTnI at 24 hours after the procedure in all groups, the elevated CK-MB and cTnI values were lower in the HD group ((4.71±4.34) ng/ml and (0.086±0.081) ng/ml, respectively) than in the ND group ((7.24±6.03) ng/ml and (0.138±0.103) ng/ml, respectively, both P < 0.01) and LD group ((6.80±5.53) ng/ml and (0.126±0.101) ng/ml, respectively, both P < 0.01).


CONCLUSIONS
Short-term high-dose atorvastatin treatment before PCI significantly reduced systemic inflammatory response and myocardial ischemic injury elicited by PCI.
Department of Cardiology, the 306th Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100101, China.
Fei
F
Sun
Department of Cardiology, the 306th Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100101, China.
Zhao
Z
Yin
Department of Cardiology, the 306th Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100101, China.
Quanxing
Q
Shi
Department of Cardiology, the 306th Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100101, China.
Bei
B
Zhao
Department of Cardiology, the 306th Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100101, China. Email: wangsl.63@126.com.
Shouli
S
Wang
D000368:Aged; D000789:Angina, Unstable / Q000628:therapy*; D000069059:Atorvastatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology; D062645:Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; D018746:Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000069059:Atorvastatin