Dietary flavonoids and gastric cancer risk in a Korean population.
Gastric cancer is the most common cancer among men in Korea, and dietary factors are closely associated with gastric cancer risk. We performed a case-control study using 334 cases and 334 matched controls aged 35-75 years. Significant associations were observed in total dietary flavonoids and their subclasses, with the exception of anthocyanidins and isoflavones (OR (95% CI): 0.49 (0.31-0.76), p trend = 0.007 for total flavonoids). However, these associations were not significant after further adjustment for fruits and vegetable consumption (OR (95% CI): 0.62 (0.36-1.09), p trend = 0.458 for total flavonoids). Total flavonoids and their subclasses, except for isoflavones, were significantly associated with a reduced risk gastric cancer in women (OR (95% CI): 0.33 (0.15-0.73), p trend = 0.001 for total flavonoids) but not in men (OR (95% CI): 0.70 (0.39-1.24), p trend = 0.393 for total flavonoids). A significant inverse association with gastric cancer risk was observed in flavones, even after additional adjustment for fruits and vegetable consumption in women. No significantly different effects of flavonoids were observed between H. pylori-positive and negative subjects. In conclusion, dietary flavonoids were inversely associated with gastric cancer risk, and these protective effects of dietary flavonoids were prominent in women. No clear differences were observed in the subgroup analysis of H. pylori and smoking status.
Molecular Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Gyeonggi-do 410-769, Korea. hdwoo@ncc.re.kr.
Hae Dong
HD
Woo
Molecular Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Gyeonggi-do 410-769, Korea. jeonghee@ncc.re.kr.
Jeonghee
J
Lee
Center for Gastric Cancer, National Cancer Center Hospital, National Cancer Center, Gyeonggi-do 410-769, Korea. cij1224@ncc.re.kr.
Il Ju
IJ
Choi
Center for Gastric Cancer, National Cancer Center Hospital, National Cancer Center, Gyeonggi-do 410-769, Korea. glse@ncc.re.kr.
Chan Gyoo
CG
Kim
Center for Gastric Cancer, National Cancer Center Hospital, National Cancer Center, Gyeonggi-do 410-769, Korea. jylee@ncc.re.kr.
Jong Yeul
JY
Lee
Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea. orank@ewha.ac.kr.
Oran
O
Kwon
Molecular Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Gyeonggi-do 410-769, Korea. jskim@ncc.re.kr.
Jeongseon
J
Kim
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D044466:Asian People; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005638:Fruit; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000517:prevention & control; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007529:Isoflavones / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000008:administration & dosage; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012307:Risk Factors; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D014675:Vegetables
D000872:Anthocyanins; D005419:Flavonoids; D007529:Isoflavones; D059808:Polyphenols