Trends in Kaposi's sarcoma-associated Herpesvirus antibodies prior to the development of HIV-associated Kaposi's sarcoma: a nested case-control study.
HIV-associated Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a public health challenge in sub-Saharan Africa since both the causative agent, Kaposi's sarcoma associated-herpesvirus (KSHV), and the major risk factor, HIV, are prevalent. In a nested case-control study within a long-standing clinical cohort in rural Uganda, we used stored sera to examine the evolution of antibody titres against the KSHV antigens K8.1 and latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) among 30 HIV-infected subjects who subsequently developed HIV-related KS (cases) and among 108 matched HIV/KSHV coinfected controls who did not develop KS. Throughout the 6 years prior to diagnosis, antibody titres to K8.1 and LANA were significantly higher among cases than controls (p < 0.0001), and titres increased prior to diagnosis in the cases. K8.1 titres differed more between KS cases and controls, compared to LANA titres. These differences in titre between cases and controls suggest a role for lytic viral replication in the pathogenesis of HIV-related KS in this setting.
Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute, Uganda Research Unit on AIDS, Entebbe, Uganda; Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, United Kingdom; Institute of Cancer Research, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.
Katie
K
Wakeham
W Thomas
WT
Johnston
Angela
A
Nalwoga
Emily L
EL
Webb
Billy N
BN
Mayanja
Wendell
W
Miley
Alison M
AM
Elliott
Denise
D
Whitby
Robert
R
Newton
D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D060085:Coinfection / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D019288:Herpesvirus 8, Human / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D012514:Sarcoma, Kaposi / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014454:Uganda; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000276:immunology
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D006023:Glycoproteins; C113454:K8.1 protein, Human herpesvirus 8; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D014764:Viral Proteins; C109540:latency-associated nuclear antigen
AIDS; HIV; HIV-associated Kaposi's sarcoma; Kaposi's sarcoma associated-herpesvirus; sub-Saharan Africa