Comparison of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and endothelin-1 levels in kidneys removed from living pigs after cardiac arrest and brain death.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this paper was to describe differences between levels of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS-3) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) in swine kidneys removed from living donors (group I) and after inducing brain death by brain herniation (group II) and cardiac arrest (group III).


METHODS
Each group consisted of 3 animals who underwent dual renal removal procedure; kidneys were further rinsed according to standardized procedure with Biolasol perfusion liquid, stored for 24 hours (4°C), and rinsed again. Renal specimens of 4 g mass, including renal cortex and medulla, were collected before and after perfusion (times 0 and 1), after 12 hours (time 2), and after reperfusion (time 3). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to describe levels of NOS-3 and ET-1 in collected tissues homogenates. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare results in groups in relation to total protein content (ng/mg), and the correlation between the 2 substances was measured with the use of Spearman rho.


RESULTS
Group I presented low and stable levels of NOS-3 in all time intervals (averages, 0.73, 0.99, 0.52, and 0.89, respectively). Level sof ET-1 were similar (0.87, 0.63, 0.69, and 0.86, respectively), and significant correlation between levels of the 2 substances was observed. Increased levels of NOS-3 (1.89 and 1.86) and ET-1 (1.38 and 1.49) were observed directly after removal in groups II and III and further maintained during organ storage. No correlation in group I was observed, and after perfusion significantly lower level of NOS-3 was observed in kidneys removed after brain death in relation to group III (1.77 vs 2.60).


CONCLUSIONS
The lowest and stable levels of NOS-3 and ET1 during storage were observed in kidneys removed from living donors. Levels of analyzed substances in this group showed correlation in subsequent time intervals.
Department of General, Vascular, and Transplant Surgery, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
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G
Oczkowicz
Department of General, Vascular, and Transplant Surgery, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland. Electronic address: acaban@man.pl.
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A
Caban
Department of General, Vascular, and Transplant Surgery, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
G
G
Budziński
Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
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A
Suszka-Świtek
Department of Applied Pharmacy and Drug Technology, Sosnowiec, Poland.
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B
Dolińska
Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
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E
Czech
Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
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R
Wiaderkiewicz
"Biochefa" Pharmaceutical Research Production Plant, Sosnowiec, Poland.
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F
Ryszka
Department of General, Vascular, and Transplant Surgery, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
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L
Cierpka
D000818:Animals; D001926:Brain Death; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006323:Heart Arrest; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D019520:Living Donors; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000378:metabolism*; D009926:Organ Preservation; D013552:Swine
D019332:Endothelin-1; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III