Validity and reliability of an Arabic version of the modified dental anxiety scale in Saudi adults.
OBJECTIVE
To test the reliability and validity of an Arabic version of the modified dental anxiety scale (MDAS), and to correlate it with other demographic data.


METHODS
The original English version of the MDAS was translated into Arabic, and then translated back into English by experienced bilingual professionals. Four hundred and seventy-four patients referred to dental clinics for treatment at the Faculty of Dentistry Hospital, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from November 2012 to June 2013 participated in the study. The assessment tool included questions regarding demographic characteristics, frequency of dental visits, the Arabic version of the MDAS, and the patient's rating of their current level of anxiety using a visual analogue scale (VAS).


RESULTS
The Arabic version of the MDAS had excellent internal consistency and reliability (Alpha coefficients >0.90). The scale was unidimensional, and the percentage of patients with dental anxiety was 48.3% (using a cutoff total score of >15) and with dental phobia was 2.5% (using a cutoff total score of >16). Younger patients, females, and infrequent visitors to the dentist were more anxious than those who were older, male, and frequent visitors. Visual analogue scale scores correlated significantly with individual items on the MDAS questionnaire and total anxiety score, supporting the criterion validity.


CONCLUSIONS
The Arabic version of the MDAS presented adequate internal consistency reliability, allowing its safe use to assess levels of dental anxiety in Arabic-speaking populations.
Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80209, Jeddah 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Fax. +966 (12) 6403316. E-mail. mhabahammam@kau.edu.sa.
Maha A
MA
Bahammam
Mona H
MH
Hassan
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016854:Dental Anxiety / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D003752:Dental Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010698:Phobic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012529:Saudi Arabia / Q000453:epidemiology; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014177:Translations; D055815:Young Adult