Endovascular treatment of mycotic aortic aneurysms: a European multicenter study.
BACKGROUND
Mycotic aortic aneurysm (MAA) is a rare and life-threatening disease. The aim of this European multicenter collaboration was to study the durability of endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) of MAA, by assessing late infection-related complications and long-term survival.


RESULTS
All EVAR treated MAAs, between 1999 and 2013 at 16 European centers, were retrospectively reviewed. One hundred twenty-three patients with 130 MAAs were identified. Mean age was 69 years (range 39-86), 87 (71%) were men, 58 (47%) had immunodeficiency, and 47 (38%) presented with rupture. Anatomic locations were ascending/arch (n=4), descending (n=34), paravisceral (n=15), infrarenal aorta (n=63), and multiple (n=7). Treatments were thoracic EVAR (n=43), fenestrated/branched EVAR (n=9), and infrarenal EVAR (n=71). Antibiotic was administered for mean 30 weeks. Mean follow-up was 35 months (range 1 week to 149 months). Six patients (5%) were converted to open repair during follow-up. Survival was 91% (95% confidence interval, 86% to 96%), 75% (67% to 83%), 55% (44% to 66%), and 41% (28% to 54%) after 1, 12, 60, and 120 months, respectively. Infection-related death occurred in 23 patients (19%), 9 after discontinuation of antibiotic treatment. A Cox regression analysis demonstrated non-Salmonella-positive culture as predictors for late infection-related death.


CONCLUSIONS
Endovascular treatment of MAA is feasible and for most patients a durable treatment option. Late infections do occur, are often lethal, and warrant long-term antibiotic treatment and follow-up. Patients with non-Salmonella-positive blood cultures were more likely to die from late infection.
From the Institution of Surgical Sciences, Department of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Sweden (K.S., K.M., M.B., A.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (P.S.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.-M.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom (R.E.C., P.T., O.L.); St. George's Vascular Institute, London, United Kingdom (M.T., J. Brownrigg); Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (K.I., M.D.); Regional Vascular Unit, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.P.J., U.J.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (M.B.); Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Z.R., D.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J. Brunkwall, M.G.); Department for Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Eppendorf Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (T.K.); Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France (E.J.-B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (F.M., P.B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece (C.D.L., K.G.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., K.R.); and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden (T.L., A.P.).
Karl
K
Sörelius
From the Institution of Surgical Sciences, Department of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Sweden (K.S., K.M., M.B., A.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (P.S.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.-M.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom (R.E.C., P.T., O.L.); St. George's Vascular Institute, London, United Kingdom (M.T., J. Brownrigg); Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (K.I., M.D.); Regional Vascular Unit, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.P.J., U.J.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (M.B.); Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Z.R., D.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J. Brunkwall, M.G.); Department for Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Eppendorf Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (T.K.); Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France (E.J.-B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (F.M., P.B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece (C.D.L., K.G.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., K.R.); and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden (T.L., A.P.).
Kevin
K
Mani
From the Institution of Surgical Sciences, Department of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Sweden (K.S., K.M., M.B., A.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (P.S.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.-M.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom (R.E.C., P.T., O.L.); St. George's Vascular Institute, London, United Kingdom (M.T., J. Brownrigg); Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (K.I., M.D.); Regional Vascular Unit, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.P.J., U.J.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (M.B.); Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Z.R., D.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J. Brunkwall, M.G.); Department for Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Eppendorf Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (T.K.); Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France (E.J.-B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (F.M., P.B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece (C.D.L., K.G.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., K.R.); and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden (T.L., A.P.).
Martin
M
Björck
From the Institution of Surgical Sciences, Department of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Sweden (K.S., K.M., M.B., A.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (P.S.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.-M.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom (R.E.C., P.T., O.L.); St. George's Vascular Institute, London, United Kingdom (M.T., J. Brownrigg); Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (K.I., M.D.); Regional Vascular Unit, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.P.J., U.J.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (M.B.); Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Z.R., D.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J. Brunkwall, M.G.); Department for Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Eppendorf Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (T.K.); Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France (E.J.-B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (F.M., P.B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece (C.D.L., K.G.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., K.R.); and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden (T.L., A.P.).
Petr
P
Sedivy
From the Institution of Surgical Sciences, Department of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Sweden (K.S., K.M., M.B., A.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (P.S.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.-M.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom (R.E.C., P.T., O.L.); St. George's Vascular Institute, London, United Kingdom (M.T., J. Brownrigg); Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (K.I., M.D.); Regional Vascular Unit, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.P.J., U.J.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (M.B.); Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Z.R., D.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J. Brunkwall, M.G.); Department for Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Eppendorf Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (T.K.); Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France (E.J.-B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (F.M., P.B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece (C.D.L., K.G.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., K.R.); and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden (T.L., A.P.).
Carl-Magnus
CM
Wahlgren
From the Institution of Surgical Sciences, Department of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Sweden (K.S., K.M., M.B., A.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (P.S.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.-M.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom (R.E.C., P.T., O.L.); St. George's Vascular Institute, London, United Kingdom (M.T., J. Brownrigg); Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (K.I., M.D.); Regional Vascular Unit, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.P.J., U.J.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (M.B.); Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Z.R., D.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J. Brunkwall, M.G.); Department for Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Eppendorf Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (T.K.); Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France (E.J.-B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (F.M., P.B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece (C.D.L., K.G.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., K.R.); and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden (T.L., A.P.).
Peter
P
Taylor
From the Institution of Surgical Sciences, Department of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Sweden (K.S., K.M., M.B., A.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (P.S.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.-M.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom (R.E.C., P.T., O.L.); St. George's Vascular Institute, London, United Kingdom (M.T., J. Brownrigg); Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (K.I., M.D.); Regional Vascular Unit, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.P.J., U.J.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (M.B.); Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Z.R., D.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J. Brunkwall, M.G.); Department for Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Eppendorf Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (T.K.); Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France (E.J.-B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (F.M., P.B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece (C.D.L., K.G.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., K.R.); and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden (T.L., A.P.).
Rachel E
RE
Clough
From the Institution of Surgical Sciences, Department of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Sweden (K.S., K.M., M.B., A.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (P.S.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.-M.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom (R.E.C., P.T., O.L.); St. George's Vascular Institute, London, United Kingdom (M.T., J. Brownrigg); Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (K.I., M.D.); Regional Vascular Unit, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.P.J., U.J.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (M.B.); Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Z.R., D.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J. Brunkwall, M.G.); Department for Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Eppendorf Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (T.K.); Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France (E.J.-B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (F.M., P.B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece (C.D.L., K.G.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., K.R.); and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden (T.L., A.P.).
Oliver
O
Lyons
From the Institution of Surgical Sciences, Department of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Sweden (K.S., K.M., M.B., A.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (P.S.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.-M.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom (R.E.C., P.T., O.L.); St. George's Vascular Institute, London, United Kingdom (M.T., J. Brownrigg); Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (K.I., M.D.); Regional Vascular Unit, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.P.J., U.J.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (M.B.); Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Z.R., D.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J. Brunkwall, M.G.); Department for Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Eppendorf Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (T.K.); Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France (E.J.-B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (F.M., P.B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece (C.D.L., K.G.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., K.R.); and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden (T.L., A.P.).
Matt
M
Thompson
From the Institution of Surgical Sciences, Department of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Sweden (K.S., K.M., M.B., A.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (P.S.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.-M.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom (R.E.C., P.T., O.L.); St. George's Vascular Institute, London, United Kingdom (M.T., J. Brownrigg); Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (K.I., M.D.); Regional Vascular Unit, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.P.J., U.J.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (M.B.); Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Z.R., D.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J. Brunkwall, M.G.); Department for Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Eppendorf Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (T.K.); Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France (E.J.-B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (F.M., P.B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece (C.D.L., K.G.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., K.R.); and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden (T.L., A.P.).
Jack
J
Brownrigg
From the Institution of Surgical Sciences, Department of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Sweden (K.S., K.M., M.B., A.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (P.S.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.-M.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom (R.E.C., P.T., O.L.); St. George's Vascular Institute, London, United Kingdom (M.T., J. Brownrigg); Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (K.I., M.D.); Regional Vascular Unit, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.P.J., U.J.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (M.B.); Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Z.R., D.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J. Brunkwall, M.G.); Department for Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Eppendorf Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (T.K.); Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France (E.J.-B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (F.M., P.B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece (C.D.L., K.G.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., K.R.); and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden (T.L., A.P.).
Krassi
K
Ivancev
From the Institution of Surgical Sciences, Department of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Sweden (K.S., K.M., M.B., A.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (P.S.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.-M.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom (R.E.C., P.T., O.L.); St. George's Vascular Institute, London, United Kingdom (M.T., J. Brownrigg); Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (K.I., M.D.); Regional Vascular Unit, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.P.J., U.J.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (M.B.); Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Z.R., D.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J. Brunkwall, M.G.); Department for Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Eppendorf Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (T.K.); Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France (E.J.-B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (F.M., P.B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece (C.D.L., K.G.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., K.R.); and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden (T.L., A.P.).
Meryl
M
Davis
From the Institution of Surgical Sciences, Department of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Sweden (K.S., K.M., M.B., A.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (P.S.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.-M.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom (R.E.C., P.T., O.L.); St. George's Vascular Institute, London, United Kingdom (M.T., J. Brownrigg); Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (K.I., M.D.); Regional Vascular Unit, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.P.J., U.J.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (M.B.); Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Z.R., D.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J. Brunkwall, M.G.); Department for Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Eppendorf Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (T.K.); Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France (E.J.-B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (F.M., P.B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece (C.D.L., K.G.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., K.R.); and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden (T.L., A.P.).
Michael P
MP
Jenkins
From the Institution of Surgical Sciences, Department of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Sweden (K.S., K.M., M.B., A.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (P.S.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.-M.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom (R.E.C., P.T., O.L.); St. George's Vascular Institute, London, United Kingdom (M.T., J. Brownrigg); Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (K.I., M.D.); Regional Vascular Unit, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.P.J., U.J.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (M.B.); Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Z.R., D.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J. Brunkwall, M.G.); Department for Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Eppendorf Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (T.K.); Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France (E.J.-B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (F.M., P.B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece (C.D.L., K.G.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., K.R.); and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden (T.L., A.P.).
Usman
U
Jaffer
From the Institution of Surgical Sciences, Department of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Sweden (K.S., K.M., M.B., A.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (P.S.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.-M.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom (R.E.C., P.T., O.L.); St. George's Vascular Institute, London, United Kingdom (M.T., J. Brownrigg); Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (K.I., M.D.); Regional Vascular Unit, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.P.J., U.J.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (M.B.); Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Z.R., D.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J. Brunkwall, M.G.); Department for Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Eppendorf Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (T.K.); Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France (E.J.-B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (F.M., P.B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece (C.D.L., K.G.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., K.R.); and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden (T.L., A.P.).
Matt
M
Bown
From the Institution of Surgical Sciences, Department of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Sweden (K.S., K.M., M.B., A.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (P.S.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.-M.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom (R.E.C., P.T., O.L.); St. George's Vascular Institute, London, United Kingdom (M.T., J. Brownrigg); Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (K.I., M.D.); Regional Vascular Unit, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.P.J., U.J.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (M.B.); Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Z.R., D.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J. Brunkwall, M.G.); Department for Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Eppendorf Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (T.K.); Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France (E.J.-B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (F.M., P.B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece (C.D.L., K.G.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., K.R.); and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden (T.L., A.P.).
Zoran
Z
Rancic
From the Institution of Surgical Sciences, Department of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Sweden (K.S., K.M., M.B., A.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (P.S.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.-M.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom (R.E.C., P.T., O.L.); St. George's Vascular Institute, London, United Kingdom (M.T., J. Brownrigg); Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (K.I., M.D.); Regional Vascular Unit, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.P.J., U.J.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (M.B.); Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Z.R., D.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J. Brunkwall, M.G.); Department for Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Eppendorf Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (T.K.); Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France (E.J.-B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (F.M., P.B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece (C.D.L., K.G.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., K.R.); and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden (T.L., A.P.).
Dieter
D
Mayer
From the Institution of Surgical Sciences, Department of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Sweden (K.S., K.M., M.B., A.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (P.S.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.-M.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom (R.E.C., P.T., O.L.); St. George's Vascular Institute, London, United Kingdom (M.T., J. Brownrigg); Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (K.I., M.D.); Regional Vascular Unit, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.P.J., U.J.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (M.B.); Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Z.R., D.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J. Brunkwall, M.G.); Department for Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Eppendorf Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (T.K.); Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France (E.J.-B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (F.M., P.B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece (C.D.L., K.G.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., K.R.); and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden (T.L., A.P.).
Jan
J
Brunkwall
From the Institution of Surgical Sciences, Department of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Sweden (K.S., K.M., M.B., A.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (P.S.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.-M.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom (R.E.C., P.T., O.L.); St. George's Vascular Institute, London, United Kingdom (M.T., J. Brownrigg); Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (K.I., M.D.); Regional Vascular Unit, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.P.J., U.J.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (M.B.); Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Z.R., D.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J. Brunkwall, M.G.); Department for Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Eppendorf Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (T.K.); Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France (E.J.-B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (F.M., P.B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece (C.D.L., K.G.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., K.R.); and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden (T.L., A.P.).
Michael
M
Gawenda
From the Institution of Surgical Sciences, Department of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Sweden (K.S., K.M., M.B., A.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (P.S.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.-M.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom (R.E.C., P.T., O.L.); St. George's Vascular Institute, London, United Kingdom (M.T., J. Brownrigg); Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (K.I., M.D.); Regional Vascular Unit, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.P.J., U.J.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (M.B.); Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Z.R., D.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J. Brunkwall, M.G.); Department for Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Eppendorf Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (T.K.); Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France (E.J.-B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (F.M., P.B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece (C.D.L., K.G.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., K.R.); and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden (T.L., A.P.).
Tilo
T
Kölbel
From the Institution of Surgical Sciences, Department of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Sweden (K.S., K.M., M.B., A.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (P.S.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.-M.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom (R.E.C., P.T., O.L.); St. George's Vascular Institute, London, United Kingdom (M.T., J. Brownrigg); Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (K.I., M.D.); Regional Vascular Unit, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.P.J., U.J.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (M.B.); Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Z.R., D.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J. Brunkwall, M.G.); Department for Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Eppendorf Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (T.K.); Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France (E.J.-B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (F.M., P.B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece (C.D.L., K.G.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., K.R.); and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden (T.L., A.P.).
Elixène
E
Jean-Baptiste
From the Institution of Surgical Sciences, Department of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Sweden (K.S., K.M., M.B., A.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (P.S.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.-M.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom (R.E.C., P.T., O.L.); St. George's Vascular Institute, London, United Kingdom (M.T., J. Brownrigg); Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (K.I., M.D.); Regional Vascular Unit, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.P.J., U.J.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (M.B.); Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Z.R., D.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J. Brunkwall, M.G.); Department for Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Eppendorf Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (T.K.); Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France (E.J.-B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (F.M., P.B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece (C.D.L., K.G.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., K.R.); and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden (T.L., A.P.).
Frans
F
Moll
From the Institution of Surgical Sciences, Department of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Sweden (K.S., K.M., M.B., A.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (P.S.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.-M.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom (R.E.C., P.T., O.L.); St. George's Vascular Institute, London, United Kingdom (M.T., J. Brownrigg); Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (K.I., M.D.); Regional Vascular Unit, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.P.J., U.J.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (M.B.); Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Z.R., D.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J. Brunkwall, M.G.); Department for Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Eppendorf Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (T.K.); Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France (E.J.-B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (F.M., P.B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece (C.D.L., K.G.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., K.R.); and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden (T.L., A.P.).
Paul
P
Berger
From the Institution of Surgical Sciences, Department of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Sweden (K.S., K.M., M.B., A.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (P.S.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.-M.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom (R.E.C., P.T., O.L.); St. George's Vascular Institute, London, United Kingdom (M.T., J. Brownrigg); Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (K.I., M.D.); Regional Vascular Unit, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.P.J., U.J.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (M.B.); Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Z.R., D.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J. Brunkwall, M.G.); Department for Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Eppendorf Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (T.K.); Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France (E.J.-B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (F.M., P.B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece (C.D.L., K.G.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., K.R.); and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden (T.L., A.P.).
Christos D
CD
Liapis
From the Institution of Surgical Sciences, Department of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Sweden (K.S., K.M., M.B., A.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (P.S.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.-M.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom (R.E.C., P.T., O.L.); St. George's Vascular Institute, London, United Kingdom (M.T., J. Brownrigg); Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (K.I., M.D.); Regional Vascular Unit, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.P.J., U.J.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (M.B.); Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Z.R., D.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J. Brunkwall, M.G.); Department for Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Eppendorf Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (T.K.); Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France (E.J.-B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (F.M., P.B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece (C.D.L., K.G.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., K.R.); and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden (T.L., A.P.).
Konstantinos G
KG
Moulakakis
From the Institution of Surgical Sciences, Department of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Sweden (K.S., K.M., M.B., A.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (P.S.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.-M.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom (R.E.C., P.T., O.L.); St. George's Vascular Institute, London, United Kingdom (M.T., J. Brownrigg); Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (K.I., M.D.); Regional Vascular Unit, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.P.J., U.J.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (M.B.); Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Z.R., D.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J. Brunkwall, M.G.); Department for Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Eppendorf Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (T.K.); Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France (E.J.-B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (F.M., P.B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece (C.D.L., K.G.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., K.R.); and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden (T.L., A.P.).
Marcus
M
Langenskiöld
From the Institution of Surgical Sciences, Department of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Sweden (K.S., K.M., M.B., A.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (P.S.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.-M.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom (R.E.C., P.T., O.L.); St. George's Vascular Institute, London, United Kingdom (M.T., J. Brownrigg); Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (K.I., M.D.); Regional Vascular Unit, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.P.J., U.J.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (M.B.); Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Z.R., D.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J. Brunkwall, M.G.); Department for Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Eppendorf Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (T.K.); Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France (E.J.-B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (F.M., P.B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece (C.D.L., K.G.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., K.R.); and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden (T.L., A.P.).
Håkan
H
Roos
From the Institution of Surgical Sciences, Department of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Sweden (K.S., K.M., M.B., A.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (P.S.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.-M.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom (R.E.C., P.T., O.L.); St. George's Vascular Institute, London, United Kingdom (M.T., J. Brownrigg); Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (K.I., M.D.); Regional Vascular Unit, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.P.J., U.J.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (M.B.); Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Z.R., D.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J. Brunkwall, M.G.); Department for Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Eppendorf Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (T.K.); Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France (E.J.-B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (F.M., P.B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece (C.D.L., K.G.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., K.R.); and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden (T.L., A.P.).
Thomas
T
Larzon
From the Institution of Surgical Sciences, Department of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Sweden (K.S., K.M., M.B., A.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (P.S.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.-M.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom (R.E.C., P.T., O.L.); St. George's Vascular Institute, London, United Kingdom (M.T., J. Brownrigg); Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (K.I., M.D.); Regional Vascular Unit, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.P.J., U.J.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (M.B.); Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Z.R., D.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J. Brunkwall, M.G.); Department for Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Eppendorf Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (T.K.); Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France (E.J.-B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (F.M., P.B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece (C.D.L., K.G.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., K.R.); and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden (T.L., A.P.).
Artai
A
Pirouzram
From the Institution of Surgical Sciences, Department of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Sweden (K.S., K.M., M.B., A.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (P.S.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.-M.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom (R.E.C., P.T., O.L.); St. George's Vascular Institute, London, United Kingdom (M.T., J. Brownrigg); Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (K.I., M.D.); Regional Vascular Unit, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.P.J., U.J.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (M.B.); Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Z.R., D.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J. Brunkwall, M.G.); Department for Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Eppendorf Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (T.K.); Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France (E.J.-B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (F.M., P.B.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece (C.D.L., K.G.M.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., K.R.); and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden (T.L., A.P.). anders.wanhainen@surgsci.uu.se.
Anders
A
Wanhainen
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000785:Aneurysm, Infected / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001014:Aortic Aneurysm / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D057510:Endovascular Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000401:mortality; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
aneurysm; aorta; infection; surgery