Semen quality and the level of reproductive hormones after environmental exposure to pyrethroids.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to determine whether the environmental exposure to pyrethroids affects semen quality and the level of reproductive hormones in men.


METHODS
The study population consisted of 334 men who attended the infertility clinic for diagnostic purposes and who had normal semen concentration of 15 to 300 mln/mL. Participants were interviewed and provided a semen sample. The pyrethroids metabolites-3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3PBA), cis-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylic acid (CDCCA), trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylic acid (TDCCA), and cis-2,2-dibromovinyl-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (DBCA) were analyzed in the urine using a validated gas chromatography ion-trap mass spectrometry method.


RESULTS
Urinary pyrethroids metabolites levels were significantly associated with an increase in the percentage of sperm with abnormal morphology and decrease in sperm concentration, the level of testosterone, and computer-aided semen analysis parameters.


CONCLUSIONS
Environmental pyrethroids exposure may affect semen quality and the level of reproductive hormones.
From the Department of Gynecology and Reproduction (Dr Radwan, Dr Radwan); "Gameta" Hospital, Rzgów; Department of Environmental Epidemiology (Drs Jurewicz and Hanke, Mr Sobala), Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; and Department of Toxicology (Dr Wielgomas, Ms Piskunowicz), Medical University of Gdańsk, Poland.
Michał
M
Radwan
Joanna
J
Jurewicz
Bartosz
B
Wielgomas
Wojciech
W
Sobala
Marta
M
Piskunowicz
Paweł
P
Radwan
Wojciech
W
Hanke
D000328:Adult; D001565:Benzoates / Q000652:urine; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007306:Insecticides / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity* / Q000652:urine; D013076:Sperm Count; D013081:Sperm Motility / Q000187:drug effects*; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000187:drug effects; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
C505758:3-(2,2-dibromovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid; D001565:Benzoates; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D007306:Insecticides; D011722:Pyrethrins; D013739:Testosterone; D004958:Estradiol; C069616:3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylic acid; C017618:3-phenoxybenzoic acid; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone