Birth weight is associated with placental fat mass- and obesity-associated gene expression and promoter methylation in a Chinese population.
OBJECTIVE
To explore the relationship between birth weight and fat mass- and obesity-associated (FTO) gene expression and promoter methylation status in the Chinese population.


METHODS
Seventy-five neonates and their mothers were recruited from Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. Subjects were divided into three groups by birth weight: low (< 3,500 g, n = 20), medium (3,500-3,999 g, n = 30) and high (≥ 4,000 g, n = 25). Placental FTO transcript levels and promoter methylation were determined by quantitative PCR and Sequenom MassARRAY®.


RESULTS
Placental FTO mRNA expression was significantly increased in the high- and medium-weight groups compared to the low-weight group (p = 0.023). Methylation rates of CpG11 sites were significantly decreased in high-birth weight newborns (p = 0.018). Multiple linear regressions showed placental FTO mRNA, maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and CpG11 methylation rate were independently associated with increased fetal birth weight. Additionally, FTO mRNA expression was negatively associated with CpG6.7.8.9 methylation in mothers that underwent C-section.


CONCLUSIONS
High placental FTO expression is associated with increased birth weight in Chinese neonates, and FTO promoter methylation level at a specific CpG site is negatively associated with birth weight. Further work is needed to determine the functionality of this CpG site in placentas.
a Department of Preventive Medicine , School of Environmental Science and Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang , China and.
Zi-Wei
ZW
Liu
a Department of Preventive Medicine , School of Environmental Science and Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang , China and.
Ji-Tai
JT
Zhang
a Department of Preventive Medicine , School of Environmental Science and Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang , China and.
Qian-Ying
QY
Cai
a Department of Preventive Medicine , School of Environmental Science and Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang , China and.
Heng-Xin
HX
Zhang
b Department of Obstetrics , Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang , China.
Yu-Huan
YH
Wang
a Department of Preventive Medicine , School of Environmental Science and Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang , China and.
Hong-Tao
HT
Yan
a Department of Preventive Medicine , School of Environmental Science and Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang , China and.
Hong-Mei
HM
Wu
a Department of Preventive Medicine , School of Environmental Science and Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang , China and.
Xin-Jun
XJ
Yang
D000328:Adult; D000071516:Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D001724:Birth Weight; D002585:Cesarean Section; D002681:China; D018899:CpG Islands; D019175:DNA Methylation; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D011247:Pregnancy; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D055815:Young Adult
D011506:Proteins; D000071516:Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO; C526492:FTO protein, human
Birth weight; expression; fat mass- and obesity-associated gene; methylation