Hepatocyte growth factor levels in the saliva and gingival crevicular fluid in smokers with periodontitis.
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) production by oral fibroblasts is enhanced by various molecules that are induced during inflammatory conditions including periodontitis. HGF plays an important role in the progression of periodontitis, by stimulating intense growth of epithelial cells and preventing regeneration of connective tissue attachments. Smokers have a greater risk factor in the pathogenesis and progression of periodontal disease. The objective of the study was to estimate the level of HGF in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in smokers with periodontitis and to compare these levels with that of nonsmokers with periodontitis and healthy controls. The HGF levels were found to be significantly high in the saliva and GCF of smokers with periodontitis compared to both never-smokers with periodontitis and the healthy control group. The elevated levels of HGF in the saliva and GCF in the study population could explain the intrinsic mechanism triggering the severity of the periodontitis in smokers. Further studies are necessary to validate the current observations and to establish a sensitive marker to predict periodontal disease activity.
Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 60169, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia.
Sukumaran
S
Anil
Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia.
Sajith
S
Vellappally
Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 60169, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia.
R S
RS
Preethanath
Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 60169, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia.
Sameer A
SA
Mokeem
Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 60169, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia.
Hani S
HS
AlMoharib
Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, M. S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Shankargouda
0000-0003-3432-2385
S
Patil
College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 60169, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia.
Elna P
EP
Chalisserry
Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia.
Abdulaziz A
AA
Al Kheraif
D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D012463:Saliva / Q000378:metabolism*; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism*
D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor