Citric acid-based hydroxyapatite composite scaffolds enhance calvarial regeneration.
Citric acid-based polymer/hydroxyapatite composites (CABP-HAs) are a novel class of biomimetic composites that have recently attracted significant attention in tissue engineering. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of using two different CABP-HAs, poly (1,8-octanediol citrate)-click-HA (POC-Click-HA) and crosslinked urethane-doped polyester-HA (CUPE-HA) as an alternative to autologous tissue grafts in the repair of skeletal defects. CABP-HA disc-shaped scaffolds (65 wt.-% HA with 70% porosity) were used as bare implants without the addition of growth factors or cells to renovate 4 mm diameter rat calvarial defects (n = 72, n = 18 per group). Defects were either left empty (negative control group), or treated with CUPE-HA scaffolds, POC-Click-HA scaffolds, or autologous bone grafts (AB group). Radiological and histological data showed a significant enhancement of osteogenesis in defects treated with CUPE-HA scaffolds when compared to POC-Click-HA scaffolds. Both, POC-Click-HA and CUPE-HA scaffolds, resulted in enhanced bone mineral density, trabecular thickness, and angiogenesis when compared to the control groups at 1, 3, and 6 months post-trauma. These results show the potential of CABP-HA bare implants as biocompatible, osteogenic, and off-shelf-available options in the repair of orthopedic defects.
1] Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510665, China [2] Department of Orthopaedics &Microsurgery, Guangdong No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, China.
Dawei
D
Sun
Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510665, China.
Yuhui
Y
Chen
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Materials Research Institute, The Huck Institutes of The Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, U.S.A.
Richard T
RT
Tran
1] Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510665, China [2] State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
Song
S
Xu
1] Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510665, China [2] Department of Biomedical Engineering, Materials Research Institute, The Huck Institutes of The Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, U.S.A.
Denghui
D
Xie
State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
Chunhong
C
Jia
Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510665, China.
Yuchen
Y
Wang
Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510665, China.
Ying
Y
Guo
Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510665, China.
Zhongmin
Z
Zhang
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Materials Research Institute, The Huck Institutes of The Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, U.S.A.
Jinshan
J
Guo
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Materials Research Institute, The Huck Institutes of The Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, U.S.A.
Jian
J
Yang
Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510665, China.
Dadi
D
Jin
1] Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510665, China [2] State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
Xiaochun
X
Bai
D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D015519:Bone Density; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D002951:Citrates / Q000737:chemistry*; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic; D011091:Polyesters / Q000737:chemistry*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D016062:Porosity; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012886:Skull / Q000098:blood supply / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D014520:Urethane / Q000737:chemistry
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002951:Citrates; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers; C513817:poly(1,8-octanediol citrate); D019343:Citric Acid; D014520:Urethane; D017886:Durapatite