Circulating biomarkers of one-carbon metabolism in relation to renal cell carcinoma incidence and survival.
BACKGROUND
The etiology of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is only partially understood, but a metabolic component appears likely. We investigated biomarkers of one-carbon metabolism and RCC onset and survival.


METHODS
The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) recruited 385747 participants with blood samples between 1992 and 2000, and this analysis included 556 RCC case-control pairs. A subsequent replication study included 144 case-control pairs nested within the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study (MCCS). Plasma concentrations of vitamin B2, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, methionine and homocysteine were measured in prediagnostic samples and evaluated with respect to RCC risk using conditional and unconditional logistic regression models, and to all-cause mortality in RCC cases using Cox regression models. All statistical tests were two-sided.


RESULTS
EPIC participants with higher plasma concentrations of vitamin B6 had lower risk of RCC, the odds ratio comparing the 4(th) and 1(st) quartiles (OR4vs1) being 0.40 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.28 to 0.57, P trend < .001. We found similar results after adjusting for potential confounders (adjusted P trend < .001). In survival analysis, the hazard ratio for all-cause mortality in RCC cases when comparing the 4(th) and 1(st) quartiles (HR4vs1) of vitamin B6 was 0.57 (95% CI = 0.37 to 0.87, P trend < .001). Subsequent replication of these associations within the MCCS yielded very similar results for both RCC risk (OR4vs1 = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.23 to 0.99, P trend = .07) and all-cause mortality (HR4vs1 = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.27 to 1.17, P trend = .02). No association was evident for the other measured biomarkers.


CONCLUSIONS
Study participants with higher circulating concentrations of vitamin B6 had lower risk of RCC and improved survival following diagnosis in two independent cohorts.
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Mattias
M
Johansson
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Anouar
A
Fanidi
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
David C
DC
Muller
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Julie K
JK
Bassett
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Øivind
Ø
Midttun
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Stein Emil
SE
Vollset
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Ruth C
RC
Travis
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Domenico
D
Palli
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Amalia
A
Mattiello
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Sabina
S
Sieri
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Antonia
A
Trichopoulou
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Pagona
P
Lagiou
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Dimitrios
D
Trichopoulos
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Börje
B
Ljungberg
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Göran
G
Hallmans
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Elisabete
E
Weiderpass
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Guri
G
Skeie
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Carlos A
CA
González
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Miren
M
Dorronsoro
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Petra H
PH
Peeters
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
H Bas
HB
Bueno-de-Mesquita
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Martine M
MM
Ros
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Marie-Christine
MC
Boutron Ruault
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Guy
G
Fagherazzi
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Françoise
F
Clavel
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
María-José
MJ
Sánchez
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Aurelio Barricarte
AB
Gurrea
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Carmen
C
Navarro
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
J Ramon
JR
Quiros
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Kim
K
Overvad
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Anne
A
Tjønneland
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Krassimira
K
Aleksandrova
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Paolo
P
Vineis
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Marc J
MJ
Gunter
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Rudolf
R
Kaaks
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Graham
G
Giles
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Caroline
C
Relton
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Elio
E
Riboli
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Heiner
H
Boeing
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Per Magne
PM
Ueland
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Gianluca
G
Severi
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (MJ, AF, DCM, PB); Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (JKB, GG, GiS); Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway (ØM); Norwegian Institute of Public Health and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (SEV); Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (RCT); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy (DP); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (SS); Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece (AT, DT); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece (AT, PL); Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (PL, DT); Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (PL, DT); Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (BL); Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (GH); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (EW, GuS); Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway (EW); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (EW); Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland (EW); Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain (CAG); Public Health Direction, Basque regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) - Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Spain (HBBdM, MMR); Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health
Paul
P
Brennan
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002244:Carbon / Q000378:metabolism*; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012256:Riboflavin / Q000097:blood; D018570:Risk Assessment; D014805:Vitamin B 12 / Q000097:blood; D025101:Vitamin B 6 / Q000097:blood; D014815:Vitamins / Q000097:blood*
D015415:Biomarkers; D014815:Vitamins; D002244:Carbon; D025101:Vitamin B 6; D005492:Folic Acid; D014805:Vitamin B 12; D012256:Riboflavin