Expression of key executioner of apoptosis caspase-3 in periodontal health and disease.
OBJECTIVE
A highly-regulated form of programmed cell death is apoptosis, and its perturbation has been associated with periodontal disease. Caspase-3 is one of the key executioners of apoptosis. The present study was designed to evaluate and correlate the levels of caspase-3 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum in participants with clinically-healthy periodontium, gingivitis, and chronic periodontitis (CP).


METHODS
Forty-four sex- and age-matched participants were enrolled into three groups based on clinical parameters. Group 1 participants had clinically-healthy periodontium, group 2 participants had gingivitis, and group 3 participants had CP. GCF and serum samples were collected to evaluate the levels of caspase-3.


RESULTS
The mean caspase-3 concentration in GCF and serum was highest in group 3, followed by group 2, and was significantly correlated with gingival index, probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL).


CONCLUSIONS
GCF and the serum concentration of caspase-3 proportionally increases with the progression of periodontal disease, that is, gingival inflammation, PD, and CAL.
Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Avani R
AR
Pradeep
Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Deepak Kumar
DK
Suke
Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
M V Ramchandra
MV
Prasad
Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Sonender Pal
SP
Singh
Department of Periodontics, Dr D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Santosh Somnath
SS
Martande
Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Kanika
K
Nagpal
Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Savitha B
SB
Naik
Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
C N
CN
Guruprasad
Department of Radiology, Government Medical College, Haldwani, Uttaranchal, India.
Arjun P
AP
Raju
Department of Opthalamology, Grant Medical College and JJ Group of Hospitals, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Priyanka
P
Singh
Department of Dentistry, Bidar Medical College and Research Institute, Bidar, Karnataka, India.
Math
M
Siddaya
D017209:Apoptosis; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000502:physiology*; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000201:enzymology*; D006801:Humans; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket; D010518:Periodontitis
C505407:CASP3 protein, human; D053148:Caspase 3
caspase-3; chronic periodontitis; crevicular fluid; gingival; gingivitis