Multiplex engineering of industrial yeast genomes using CRISPRm.
Global demand has driven the use of industrial strains of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae for large-scale production of biofuels and renewable chemicals. However, the genetic basis of desired domestication traits is poorly understood because robust genetic tools do not exist for industrial hosts. We present an efficient, marker-free, high-throughput, and multiplexed genome editing platform for industrial strains of S. cerevisiae that uses plasmid-based expression of the CRISPR/Cas9 endonuclease and multiple ribozyme-protected single guide RNAs. With this multiplex CRISPR (CRISPRm) system, it is possible to integrate DNA libraries into the chromosome for evolution experiments, and to engineer multiple loci simultaneously. The CRISPRm tools should therefore find use in many higher-order synthetic biology applications to accelerate improvements in industrial microorganisms.
Energy Biosciences Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA.
Owen W
OW
Ryan
Energy Biosciences Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA; Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA. Electronic address: jcate@lbl.gov.
Jamie H D
JH
Cate
D001483:Base Sequence; D064130:CRISPR-Associated Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D064113:CRISPR-Cas Systems; D064112:Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats; D019020:Directed Molecular Evolution / Q000379:methods*; D004720:Endonucleases / Q000235:genetics; D015723:Gene Library; D005818:Genetic Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D016681:Genome, Fungal; D007218:Industrial Microbiology / Q000379:methods*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics; D000094704:RNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems / Q000235:genetics; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics*
D064130:CRISPR-Associated Proteins; D000094704:RNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems; D004720:Endonucleases
CRISPRm; Cas9; Chromosomal integration; DNA libraries; Directed evolution; Homology-directed repair; Industrial yeast; Multiplex genome editing; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Synthetic biology