Role and regulation of CD1d in normal and pathological B cells.
CD1d is a nonpolymorphic, MHC class I-like molecule that presents phospholipid and glycosphingolipid Ags to a subset of CD1d-restricted T cells called invariant NKT (iNKT) cells. This CD1d-iNKT cell axis regulates nearly all aspects of both the innate and adaptive immune responses. Expression of CD1d on B cells is suggestive of the ability of these cells to present Ag to, and form cognate interactions with, iNKT cells. In this article, we summarize key evidence regarding the role and regulation of CD1d in normal B cells and in humoral immunity. We then extend the discussion to B cell disorders, with emphasis on autoimmune disease, viral infection, and neoplastic transformation of B lineage cells, in which CD1d expression can be altered as a mechanism of immune evasion and can have both diagnostic and prognostic importance. Finally, we highlight current and future therapeutic strategies that aim to target the CD1d-iNKT cell axis in B cells.
Centre for Haematology, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom.
Mohammed S
MS
Chaudhry
Centre for Haematology, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom a.karadimitris@imperial.ac.uk.
Anastasios
A
Karadimitris
D017951:Antigen Presentation; D055610:Antigens, CD1d / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D002450:Cell Communication; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D057131:Immune Evasion; D056724:Immunity, Humoral; D055611:Natural Killer T-Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology
D055610:Antigens, CD1d; C526877:CD1D protein, human