Integrated mechanism for the generation of the 5' junctions of LINE inserts.
To elucidate the molecular mechanism of the integration of long interspersed elements (LINEs), we characterized the 5' ends of more than 200 LINE de novo retrotransposition events into chicken DT40 or human HeLa cells. Human L1 inserts produced 15-bp target-site duplications (TSDs) and zebrafish ZfL2-1 inserts produced 5-bp TSDs in DT40 cells, suggesting that TSD length depends on the LINE species. Further analysis of 5' junctions revealed that the 5'-end-joining pathways of LINEs can be divided into two fundamental types-annealing or direct. We also found that the generation of 5' inversions depends on host and LINE species. These results led us to propose a new model for 5'-end joining, the type of which is determined by the extent of exposure of 3' overhangs generated after the second-strand cleavage and by the involvement of host factors.
Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-15 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan.
Katsumi
K
Yamaguchi
Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-15 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan nokada@fais.or.jp.
Masaki
M
Kajikawa
Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-15 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan Foundation for Advancement of International Science, Tsukuba 305-0821, Japan nokada@fais.or.jp.
Norihiro
N
Okada
D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002645:Chickens; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry; D053837:DNA Cleavage; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D020084:Long Interspersed Nucleotide Elements; D008957:Models, Genetic; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000235:genetics
D004247:DNA