[Model of Analysis and Prevention of Accidents - MAPA: tool for operational health surveillance].
The analysis of work-related accidents is important for accident surveillance and prevention. Current methods of analysis seek to overcome reductionist views that see these occurrences as simple events explained by operator error. The objective of this paper is to analyze the Model of Analysis and Prevention of Accidents (MAPA) and its use in monitoring interventions, duly highlighting aspects experienced in the use of the tool. The descriptive analytical method was used, introducing the steps of the model. To illustrate contributions and or difficulties, cases where the tool was used in the context of service were selected. MAPA integrates theoretical approaches that have already been tried in studies of accidents by providing useful conceptual support from the data collection stage until conclusion and intervention stages. Besides revealing weaknesses of the traditional approach, it helps identify organizational determinants, such as management failings, system design and safety management involved in the accident. The main challenges lie in the grasp of concepts by users, in exploring organizational aspects upstream in the chain of decisions or at higher levels of the hierarchy, as well as the intervention to change the determinants of these events.
Departamento de Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Botucatu, SP, Brasil, ialmeida@fmb.unesp.br.
Ildeberto Muniz
IM
de Almeida
Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo.
Rodolfo Andrade de Gouveia
RA
Vilela
Centro de Referência em Saúde do Trabalhador, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Piracicaba.
Alessandro José Nunes
AJ
da Silva
Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo.
Sandra Lorena
SL
Beltran
D000056:Accident Prevention / Q000379:methods*; D000062:Accidents, Occupational / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D008962:Models, Theoretical