Effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on wound healing in calvarial defects.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study is to analyze histologically the effect of CAPE on bone healing of Critical Size Defect (CSD) in rat calvaria.


METHODS
Thirty-two 3-month-old male rats were used. The animals were randomly divided into four groups. Group A received isotonic saline solution, Group B received CAPE (50 mmol/kg) locally, Group C received CAPE (100 mmol/kg) locally and Group D received CAPE (10 mmol/kg/day i.p. for 28 days) systematically. A 5-mm diameter calvarial defect was created in the right side of the parietal bone without damaging the underlying dura mater. Twenty-eight days after the surgery, all the animals were sacrificed. The original defect area was removed from the animal's calvarium bone en bloc. Beginning at the center of the surgical defect, serial sections of 6 µm thick were cut longitudinally. The sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for analysis under a light microscope. The sections were analyzed for the presence of inflammatory infiltrate, connective tissue formation and new bone formation. Computer-assisted histomorphometic measurements were carried out with an automated image analysis system.


RESULTS
The total new bone areas were significantly greater in group D than in all groups and group C was statistically insignificant from the other groups (p < 0.05). Group B had a greater, but not statistically significant (p > 0.05), amount of total regenerated bone area than the control group.


CONCLUSIONS
The results indicate that 100 mmol/kg topical and 10 mmol/kg/day systemic application of CAPE increases bone healing, especially with systemic application.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Bezmialem Vakif University , Istanbul , Turkey.
Hakki Oguz
HO
Kazancioglu
Mehmet Cihan
MC
Bereket
Seref
S
Ezirganli
Mehmet Serif
MS
Aydin
Sertac
S
Aksakalli
D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001847:Bone Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects; D002109:Caffeic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003238:Connective Tissue / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008297:Male; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D010294:Parietal Bone / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects
D000975:Antioxidants; D002109:Caffeic Acids; D016328:NF-kappa B; C055494:caffeic acid phenethyl ester; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol
CAPE; critical size defect; histopathology; propolis; wound healing