Preparation and characterization of mucoadhesive nanoparticles of poly (methyl vinyl ether-co-maleic anhydride) containing glycyrrhizic acid intended for vaginal administration.
Traditional vaginal preparations reside in the vaginal cavity for relatively a short period of time, requiring multiple doses in order to attain the desired therapeutic effect. Therefore, mucoadhesive systems appear to be appropriate to prolong the residence time in the vaginal cavity. In the current study, mucoadhesive nanoparticles based on poly(methyl vinyl ether-co-maleic anhydride) (PVM/MA) intended for vaginal delivery of glycyrrhizic acid (GA) (a drug with well-known antiviral properties) were prepared and characterized. Nanoparticles were generated by a solvent displacement method. Incorporation of GA was performed during nanoprecipitation, followed by adsorption of drug once nanoparticles were formed. The prepared nanoparticles were characterized in terms of size, Z-potential, morphology, drug loading, interaction of GA with PVM/MA (by differential scanning calorimetry) and the in vitro interaction of nanoparticles with pig mucin (at two pH values, 3.6 and 5; with and without GA adsorbed). The preparation method led to nanoparticles of a mean diameter of 198.5 ± 24.3 nm, zeta potential of -44.8 ± 2.8 mV and drug loading of 15.07 ± 0.86 µg/mg polymer. The highest mucin interaction resulted at pH 3.6 for nanoparticles without GA adsorbed. The data obtained suggest the promise of using mucoadhesive nanoparticles of PVM/MA for intravaginal delivery of GA.
a División de Estudios de Posgrado (Tecnología Farmacéutica), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de Mexico , Mexico.
Irene
I
Aguilar-Rosas
a División de Estudios de Posgrado (Tecnología Farmacéutica), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de Mexico , Mexico.
Sergio
S
Alcalá-Alcalá
a División de Estudios de Posgrado (Tecnología Farmacéutica), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de Mexico , Mexico.
Viridiana
V
Llera-Rojas
a División de Estudios de Posgrado (Tecnología Farmacéutica), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de Mexico , Mexico.
Adriana
A
Ganem-Rondero
D000268:Adhesiveness; D000282:Administration, Intravaginal; D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D019695:Glycyrrhizic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008298:Maleates / Q000737:chemistry*; D009077:Mucins / Q000378:metabolism; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D011095:Polyethylenes / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties; D013552:Swine; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D004337:Drug Carriers; D008298:Maleates; D009077:Mucins; D011095:Polyethylenes; D019695:Glycyrrhizic Acid; C043105:poly(methyl vinyl ether-co-maleic anhydride)
Glycyrrhizic acid; mucoadhesive nanoparticles; poly(methyl vinyl ether-co-maleic anhydride); solvent displacement method; vaginal delivery