Specialized surveillance for individuals at high risk for melanoma: a cost analysis of a high-risk clinic.
OBJECTIVE
Regular surveillance of individuals at high risk for cutaneous melanoma improves early detection and reduces unnecessary excisions; however, a cost analysis of this specialized service has not been undertaken.


OBJECTIVE
To determine the mean cost per patient of surveillance in a high-risk clinic from the health service and societal perspectives.


METHODS
We used a bottom-up microcosting method to measure resource use in a consecutive sample of 102 patients treated in a high-risk hospital-based clinic in Australia during a 12-month period.


METHODS
Surveillance and treatment of melanoma.


METHODS
All surveillance and treatment procedures were identified through direct observation, review of medical records, and interviews with staff and were valued using scheduled fees from the Australian government. Societal costs included transportation and loss of productivity.


RESULTS
The mean number of clinic visits per year was 2.7 (95% CI, 2.5-2.8) for surveillance and 3.8 (95% CI, 3.4-4.1) for patients requiring surgical excisions. The mean annual cost per patient to the health system was A $882 (95% CI, A $783-$982) (US $599 [95% CI, US $532-$665]); the cost discounted across 20 years was A $11,546 (95% CI, A $10,263-$12,829) (US $7839 [95% CI, US $6969-$8710]). The mean annual societal cost per patient (excluding health system costs) was A $972 (95% CI, A $899-$1045) (US $660 [95% CI, US $611-$710]); the cost discounted across 20 years was A $12,721 (95% CI, A $12,554-$14,463) (US $8637 [95% CI, US $8523-$9820]). Diagnosis of melanoma or nonmelanoma skin cancer and frequent excisions for benign lesions in a relatively small number of patients was responsible for positively skewed health system costs.


CONCLUSIONS
Microcosting techniques provide an accurate cost estimate for the provision of a specialized service. The high societal cost reflects the time that patients are willing to invest to attend the high-risk clinic. This alternative model of care for a high-risk population has relevance for decision making about health policy.
Cancer Epidemiology and Services Research, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Caroline G
CG
Watts
Cancer Epidemiology and Services Research, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Anne E
AE
Cust
Sydney Melanoma Diagnostic Centre, Sydney Cancer Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia3Discipline of Dermatology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Scott W
SW
Menzies
Sydney Melanoma Diagnostic Centre, Sydney Cancer Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia3Discipline of Dermatology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Elliot
E
Coates
Centre for Cancer Research, Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia5Melanoma Institute Australia, Sydney, Australia.
Graham J
GJ
Mann
Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia7Health Economics Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, England.
Rachael L
RL
Morton
D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D019468:Disease Management; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011159:Population Surveillance; D015995:Prevalence; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D012878:Skin Neoplasms; D000096142:Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma