No evidence for the association between a polymorphism in the PCLO depression candidate gene with memory bias in remitted depressed patients and healthy individuals.
The PCLO rs2522833 candidate polymorphism for depression has been associated to monoaminergic neurotransmission. In healthy and currently depressed individuals, the polymorphism has been found to affect activation of brain areas during memory processing, but no direct association of PCLO with memory bias was found. We hypothesized that the absence of this association might have been obscured by current depressive symptoms or genetically driven individual differences in reactivity to stressful events. Experiencing stressful childhood events fosters dysfunctional assumptions that are related to cognitive biases, and may modulate the predisposition for depression via epigenetic effects. The association between PCLO and memory bias, as well as interaction between PCLO and childhood events was studied in patients remitted from depression (N = 299), as well as a sample of healthy individuals (N = 157). The participants performed an emotional verbal memory task after a sad mood induction. Childhood trauma and adversity were measured with a questionnaire. The Genotype main effect, and Genotype by Childhood Events interaction were analyzed for memory bias in both samples. PCLO risk allele carrying remitted depressed patients did not show more negatively biased memory than non-risk allele carriers, not even patients with stressful childhood events. A similar pattern of results was found in healthy individuals. Memory bias may not be strongly associated with the PCLO rs2522833 polymorphism. We did not find any support for the PCLO-childhood events interaction, but the power of our study was insufficient to exclude this possibility.
Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Janna N
JN
Vrijsen
Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Anne
A
Speckens
Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Alejandro
A
Arias-Vásquez
Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Barbara
B
Franke
Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Eni S
ES
Becker
Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Iris
I
van Oostrom
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D015982:Bias; D002648:Child; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008016:Life Change Events; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory; D008875:Middle Aged; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D055815:Young Adult
D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D009479:Neuropeptides; C498630:PCLO protein, human