Genomic diversity and virulence profiles of historical Escherichia coli O157 strains isolated from clinical and environmental sources.
Escherichia coli O157:H7 is, to date, the major E. coli serotype causing food-borne human disease worldwide. Strains of O157 with other H antigens also have been recovered. We analyzed a collection of historic O157 strains (n = 400) isolated in the late 1980s to early 1990s in the United States. Strains were predominantly serotype O157:H7 (55%), and various O157:non-H7 (41%) serotypes were not previously reported regarding their pathogenic potential. Although lacking Shiga toxin (stx) and eae genes, serotypes O157:H1, O157:H2, O157:H11, O157:H42, and O157:H43 carried several virulence factors (iha, terD, and hlyA) also found in virulent serotype E. coli O157:H7. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) showed the O157 serogroup was diverse, with strains with the same H type clustering together closely. Among non-H7 isolates, serotype O157:H43 was highly prevalent (65%) and carried important enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) virulence markers (iha, terD, hlyA, and espP). Isolates from two particular H types, H2 and H11, among the most commonly found non-O157 EHEC serotypes (O26:H11, O111:H11, O103:H2/H11, and O45:H2), unexpectedly clustered more closely with O157:H7 than other H types and carried several virulence genes. This suggests an early divergence of the O157 serogroup to clades with different pathogenic potentials. The appearance of important EHEC virulence markers in closely related H types suggests their virulence potential and suggests further monitoring of those serotypes not implicated in severe illness thus far.
Department of Nutrition & Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA.
Lydia V
LV
Rump
Division of Microbiology, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland, USA.
Narjol
N
Gonzalez-Escalona
Department of Nutrition & Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA.
Wenting
W
Ju
Department of Nutrition & Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA.
Fei
F
Wang
Department of Nutrition & Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA.
Guojie
G
Cao
Department of Nutrition & Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA.
Sean
S
Meng
Department of Nutrition & Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA Joint Institute for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA jmeng@umd.edu.
Jianghong
J
Meng
D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D019453:Escherichia coli O157 / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006801:Humans; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D058889:Molecular Typing; D065288:Serogroup; D014481:United States; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000235:genetics*
D037521:Virulence Factors