Immunomodulation by Trypanosoma cruzi: toward understanding the association of dendritic cells with infecting TcI and TcII populations.
Dendritic cells (DCs) are major immune components, and depending on how these cells are modulated, the protective host immune response changes drastically. Trypanosoma cruzi is a parasite with high genetic variability and modulates DCs by interfering with their capacity for antigen recognition, migration, and maturation. Despite recent efforts, the association between DCs and T. cruzi I (TcI) and TcII populations is unknown. Herein, it was demonstrated that AQ1.7 and MUTUM TcI strains present low rates of invasion of bone marrow-derived DCs, whereas the 1849 and 2369 TcII strains present higher rates. Whereas the four strains similarly induced the expression of PD-L1, the production and expression of IL-10 and TLR-2, respectively, in DCs were differentially increased. The production of TNF-α, IL-12, IL-6, and CCL2 and the expression of CD40, CD80, MHC-II, CCR5, and CCR7 changed depending on the strain. The 2369 strain yielded the most remarkable results because greater invasion correlated with an increase in the levels of anti-inflammatory molecules IL-10 and PD-L1 but not with a change in the levels of TNF-α, MHC-II, or CD40 molecules. These results suggest that T. cruzi strains belonging to different populations have evolved specific evasion strategies that subvert DCs and consequently the host response.
Postgraduate Course of Tropical Medicine and Infectology, Laboratory of Immunology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Avenida Getúlio Guaritá S/N, 38015-050 Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
Thiago Alvares
TA
da Costa
Postgraduate Course of Tropical Medicine and Infectology, Laboratory of Immunology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Avenida Getúlio Guaritá S/N, 38015-050 Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
Marcos Vinicius
MV
Silva
Postgraduate Course of Tropical Medicine and Infectology, Laboratory of Immunology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Avenida Getúlio Guaritá S/N, 38015-050 Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
Maria Tays
MT
Mendes
Postgraduate Course of Tropical Medicine and Infectology, Laboratory of Immunology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Avenida Getúlio Guaritá S/N, 38015-050 Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
Tamires Marielem
TM
Carvalho-Costa
Postgraduate Course of Tropical Medicine and Infectology, Laboratory of Parasitology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
Lara Rocha
LR
Batista
Postgraduate Course of Tropical Medicine and Infectology, Laboratory of Parasitology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
Eliane
E
Lages-Silva
Postgraduate Course of Tropical Medicine and Infectology, Laboratory of Immunology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Avenida Getúlio Guaritá S/N, 38015-050 Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
Virmondes
V
Rodrigues
Postgraduate Course of Tropical Medicine and Infectology, Laboratory of Immunology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Avenida Getúlio Guaritá S/N, 38015-050 Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
Carlo Jose
CJ
Oliveira
Postgraduate Course of Tropical Medicine and Infectology, Laboratory of Parasitology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
Luis Eduardo
LE
Ramirez
D000818:Animals; D018122:B7-1 Antigen / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D060890:B7-H1 Antigen / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D019013:CD40 Antigens / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions / Q000276:immunology*; D055633:Immune System Phenomena / Q000276:immunology*; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D054390:Receptors, CCR2 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D054400:Receptors, CCR7 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D013045:Species Specificity; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D014349:Trypanosoma cruzi / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
D018122:B7-1 Antigen; D060890:B7-H1 Antigen; C000592874:CCR5 protein, mouse; D019013:CD40 Antigens; C515335:Ccr2 protein, mouse; C515371:Ccr7 protein, mouse; C498919:Cd274 protein, mouse; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D015850:Interleukin-6; D054390:Receptors, CCR2; D019713:Receptors, CCR5; D054400:Receptors, CCR7; C493486:Tlr2 protein, mouse; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D018664:Interleukin-12