Bioaccumulation, Sub-acute Toxicity, and Tissue Distribution of Engineered Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) Nanoparticles in Goldfish (Carassius auratus).
The increased use of nano-sized materials is likely to result in the release of these particles into the environment. It is, however, unclear if these materials are harmful to aquatic animals. In this study, the sub-lethal effects of exposure of low and high concentrations of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) on goldfish (Carassius auratus) were investigated. Tissues, including intestine, gills, muscle, and brain were analyzed for Ti content by ICP-MS. Accumulation of TiO2NPs increased from 42.71 to 110.68 ppb in the intestine and from 4.10 to 9.86 ppb in the gills of the goldfish with increasing exposure dose from 10 to 100 mg/L TiO2NPs. No significant accumulation in the muscle and brain of the fish was detected. Malondialdehyde (MDA) as a biomarker of lipid oxidation was detected in the liver of the goldfish. Moreover, TiO2NPs exposure inhibited growth of the goldfish. Although there was an increase (8.1%) in the body weights of the goldfish for the control group, in the low and high exposure groups 1.8% increase and 19.7 % decrease were measured respectively.
Department of Bioengineering, Engineering Faculty, Tunceli University, 62000, Tunceli, Turkey ; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Jackson State University, PO Box 17910 Jackson, MS 39217 USA.
Mehmet
M
Ates
Department of Bioengineering, Engineering Faculty, Tunceli University, 62000, Tunceli, Turkey.
Veysel
V
Demir
Department of Chemistry Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Tunceli University, 62000, Tunceli, Turkey.
Ragip
R
Adiguzel
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Jackson State University, PO Box 17910 Jackson, MS 39217 USA.
Zikri
Z
Arslan
Bioaccumulation; Goldfish; Nanoparticles; Oxidative strees; Titanium dioxide