Ginsenoside F1 attenuates hyperpigmentation in B16F10 melanoma cells by inducing dendrite retraction and activating Rho signalling.
Ginsenoside F1 (GF1) is a metabolite produced by hydrolysis of the ginsenoside Re and Rg1 in Panax ginseng. According to various studies, high amounts of ginseng components are absorbed in the metabolized form, which are key constituents responsible for the biological effects of P. ginseng. Recently, GF1 was reported to have beneficial effects on skin. However, there has not been a sound understanding of its antimelanogenic effect and underlying molecular mechanisms. In this study, GF1 reduced α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-induced melanin secretion in B16F10 cell culture media by 60%. However, it did not suppress intracellular melanin levels, tyrosinase activity and expression. Immunofluorescence assay showed that GF1 had no effect on melanosome transport, but significantly induced dendrite retraction. Pull-down assay demonstrated that GF1 primarily modulates the Rho family GTPases resulting in dendrite retraction. Collectively, these data suggest that GF1 could act as a potent skin-whitening agent.
School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
Ji Hye
JH
Kim
Eun Ji
EJ
Baek
Eun Ju
EJ
Lee
Myung Hun
MH
Yeom
Jun Seong
JS
Park
Ki Won
KW
Lee
Nam Joo
NJ
Kang
D000818:Animals; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D003712:Dendrites / Q000378:metabolism*; D020558:GTP Phosphohydrolases / Q000737:chemistry; D036145:Ginsenosides / Q000737:chemistry*; D006868:Hydrolysis; D017495:Hyperpigmentation / Q000378:metabolism*; D008543:Melanins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008544:Melanocytes / Q000166:cytology; D008545:Melanoma / Q000378:metabolism*; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental; D020460:Melanosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D000521:alpha-MSH / Q000737:chemistry; D020764:cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D020830:rac1 GTP-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*
C581598:Cdc42 protein, mouse; D036145:Ginsenosides; D008543:Melanins; D009479:Neuropeptides; C484602:Rac1 protein, mouse; C055327:ginsenoside F1; D000521:alpha-MSH; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases; D020558:GTP Phosphohydrolases; D020764:cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein; D020830:rac1 GTP-Binding Protein
cyclic adenosine monophosphate; dendricity; ginsenoside F1; melanogenesis; small GTPase