Depth and type of substrate influence the ability of Nasonia vitripennis to locate a host.
The foraging behaviour of a parasitoid insect species includes the host's habitat and subsequent location of the host. Habitats substrate, substrate moisture, and light levels can affect the host searching of different species of parasitoids. However, the depth at which parasitoids concentrate their search effort is another important ecological characteristic and plays an important role in locating a host. Here, we investigated the ability of a pupal parasitoid, Nasonia vitripennis Walker (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), to penetrate and kill fly pupae located at different depths of the substrate. Three different types of substrate were tested: loam soil, compost, and vermiculite substrate. In both loam soil and compost, all of the parasitism activity was restricted to pupae placed directly on the surface. Parasitism activity in vermiculite showed that the average number of pupae parasitized decreased with depth of substrate. These results suggest that fly pupae situated deeper in the substrate are less subjected to parasitism by N. vitripennis.
Department of Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium cfrederickx@student.ulg.ac.be entomologie.gembloux@ulg.ac.be.
Christine
C
Frederickx
Department of Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium jdekeirsschieter@student.ulg.ac.be.
Jessica
J
Dekeirsschieter
Department of Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium fverheggen@ulg.ac.be.
François J
FJ
Verheggen
Department of Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium e.haubruge@ulg.ac.be.
Eric
E
Haubruge
D000818:Animals; D004175:Diptera / Q000469:parasitology*; D005260:Female; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions; D008297:Male; D011679:Pupa / Q000469:parasitology; D014863:Wasps / Q000502:physiology*
Calliphora vicina; Diptera; blow fly; burrowing behaviour; forensic entomology; parasitoid