Scropolioside B inhibits IL-1β and cytokines expression through NF-κB and inflammasome NLRP3 pathways.
Chronic inflammation is associated with various chronic illnesses including immunity disorders, cancer, neurodegeneration, and vascular diseases. Iridoids are compounds with anti-inflammatory properties. However their anti-inflammatory mechanism remains unclear. Here, we report that scropolioside B, isolated from a Tibetan medicine (Scrophularia dentata Royle ex Benth.), blocked expressions of TNF, IL-1, and IL-32 through NF-κB pathway. Scropolioside B inhibited NF-κB activity in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 values of 1.02 μmol/L. However, catalpol, similar to scropolioside B, was not effective in inhibiting NF-κB activity. Interestingly, scropolioside B and catalpol decreased the expression of NLRP3 and cardiolipin synthetase at both the mRNA and protein level. Our results showed that scropolioside B is superior in inhibiting the expression, maturation, and secretion of IL-1β compared to catalpol. These observations provide further understanding of the anti-inflammatory effects of iridoids and highlight scropolioside B as a potential drug for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis.
Murad Research Institute for Modernized Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China ; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
Tiantian
0000-0002-5362-2132
T
Zhu
School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
Liuqiang
L
Zhang
Murad Research Institute for Modernized Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
Shuang
S
Ling
Murad Research Institute for Modernized Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
Ju
J
Duan
Murad Research Institute for Modernized Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China ; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
Fei
F
Qian
School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
Yiming
Y
Li
Murad Research Institute for Modernized Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
Jin-Wen
JW
Xu
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006801:Humans; D058847:Inflammasomes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D057888:Iridoid Glucosides / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D000071199:NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein; D032266:Scrophularia / Q000737:chemistry; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; C475077:CRLS1 protein, human; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D016207:Cytokines; D058847:Inflammasomes; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D057888:Iridoid Glucosides; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D000071199:NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein; C453881:NLRP3 protein, human; C000599763:scropolioside B