Proposed new lymphology combined with lymphatic physiology, innate immunology, and oncology.
As one of the lymphatic functions, it is well known that the transport and drainage of hydrophilic substances including plasma protein through the lymphatic system play pivotal roles in maintaining the homeostasis of the internal environment between the cells in tissues in collaboration with the exchange of the substances through the blood capillaries and venules. The physiological functions of the lymphatic system have been studied by many investigations of microcirculation, i.e., Yoffey and Courtice, Ruszunyak et al., Földie and Casley-Smigh et al., Roddie, Schmid-Schönbein et al., and Ohhashi et al. On the other hand, it is also well known that the initial clinical signs of primary diseases such as inflammation, tumors, and circulatory disorders including infarction and thrombosis appear as functional abnormalities of the internal environment in tissues. These abnormalities of the functions are strongly related to immunological defense reactions around the internal environment and abnormal actions of the transport and drainage of the lymphatic system. Taking into consideration the current inspired findings in lymphatic physiology, innate immunology, and oncology, we have proposed a new lymphology combined with new knowledge of the three above-mentioned academic fields from a defense mechanism points of view. In this review, we would like to demonstrate comprehensively our latest studies related to the possibility of establishing a new lymphology, hoping the readers will evaluate this possibility.
Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan, ohhashi@shinshu-u.ac.jp.
Toshio
T
Ohhashi
Yoshiko
Y
Kawai
D000418:Albumins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001693:Biological Transport, Active; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D008196:Lymph / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D008208:Lymphatic System / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology*; D042601:Lymphatic Vessels / Q000502:physiology; D008954:Models, Biological; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D061206:Neoplasm Micrometastasis / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000502:physiology; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment
D000418:Albumins; D016207:Cytokines; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D010100:Oxygen