Tumor necrosis factor-α promotes the expression of excitatory amino-acid transporter 2 in astrocytes: Optimal concentration and incubation time.
The aim of the present study was to determine whether tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α regulates the expression levels of excitatory amino-acid transporters (EAATs) in primary astrocytes and its roles in brain ischemia. Exogenous TNF-α was administered to pure cultured astrocytes and the expression levels of EAAT1, EAAT2 and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were evaluated. The results showed that TNF-α at 10 ng/ml enhanced the expression of EAAT2 in a time-dependent manner, while the expression levels of EAAT1 and GFAP did not change. To determine whether the elevation in the levels of the EAAT2 protein induced by TNF-α had a beneficial effect on ischemic insult, TNF-α was applied toin vitromodels of cerebral ischemia; the treatment was observed to increase neuronal viability. The present results suggest that a relatively short-term application of an optimal concentration of TNF-α may protect neurons against ischemic injury by elevating the expression of EAAT2 in astrocytes.
School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, P.R. China ; Department of Basic Medicine, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China.
Yuemin
Y
Ding
College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China.
Kena
K
Zhang
Department of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, P.R. China.
Shuqin
S
Liu
Department of Basic Medicine, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China.
Qijun
Q
Zhang
Department of Basic Medicine, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China.
Chiyuan
C
Ma
Department of Basic Medicine, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China.
Iain C
IC
Bruce
Department of Basic Medicine, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China.
Xiong
X
Zhang
astrocyte; excitatory amino-acid transporter 2; ischemia; tumor necrosis factor-α