The impact of neural invasion severity in gastrointestinal malignancies: a clinicopathological study.
OBJECTIVE
Because neural invasion (NI) is still inconsistently reported and not well characterized within gastrointestinal malignancies (GIMs), our aim was to determine the exact prevalence and severity of NI and to elucidate the true impact of NI on patient's prognosis.


BACKGROUND
The union internationale contre le cancer (UICC) recently added NI as a novel parameter in the current TNM classification. However, there are only a few existing studies with specific focus on NI, so that the distinct role of NI in GIMs is still uncertain.


METHODS
NI was characterized in approximately 16,000 hematoxylin and eosin tissue sections from 2050 patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG)-I-III, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the esophagus, gastric cancer (GC), colon cancer (CC), rectal cancer (RC), cholangiocellular cancer (CCC), hepatocellular cancer (HCC), and pancreatic cancer (PC). NI prevalence and severity was determined and related to patient's prognosis and survival.


RESULTS
NI prevalence largely varied between HCC/6%, CC/28%, RC/34%, AEG-I/36% and AEG-II/36%, SCC/37%, GC/38%, CCC/58%, and AEG-III/65% to PC/100%. NI severity score was uppermost in PC (24.9±1.9) and lowest in AEG-I (0.8±0.3). Multivariable analyses including age, sex, TNM stage, and grading revealed that the prevalence of NI was significantly associated with diminished survival in AEG-II/III, GC, and RC. However, increasing NI severity impaired survival in AEG-II/III and PC only.


CONCLUSIONS
NI prevalence and NI severity strongly vary within GIMs. Determination of NI severity in GIMs is a more precise tool than solely recording the presence of NI and revealed dismal prognostic impact on patients with AEG-II/III and PC. Evidently, NI is not a concomitant side feature in GIMs and, therefore, deserves special attention for improved patient stratification and individualized therapy after surgery.
*Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany †Institute of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany ‡Institute of Pathology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany §Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany ¶Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Hepatic, Biliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Peking University School of Oncology, Beijing Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China. aThese authors have contributed equally to this manuscript.
Florian
F
Liebl
Ihsan Ekin
IE
Demir
Katharina
K
Mayer
Tibor
T
Schuster
Jan G
JG
DʼHaese
Karen
K
Becker
Rupert
R
Langer
Frank
F
Bergmann
Kun
K
Wang
Robert
R
Rosenberg
Alexander R
AR
Novotny
Marcus
M
Feith
Daniel
D
Reim
Helmut
H
Friess
Güralp O
GO
Ceyhan
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009417:Nerve Tissue / Q000473:pathology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015996:Survival Rate