Pomegranate from Oman Alleviates the Brain Oxidative Damage in Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer's disease.
Oxidative stress may play a key role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathology. Pomegranates ( Shí Liú) contain very high levels of antioxidant polyphenolic substances, as compared to other fruits and vegetables. Polyphenols have been shown to be neuroprotective in different model systems. Here, the effects of the antioxidant-rich pomegranate fruit grown in Oman on brain oxidative stress status were tested in the AD transgenic mouse. The 4-month-old mice with double Swedish APP mutation (APPsw/Tg2576) were purchased from Taconic Farm, NY, USA. Four-month-old Tg2576 mice were fed with 4% pomegranate or control diet for 15 months and then assessed for the influence of diet on oxidative stress. Significant increase in oxidative stress was found in terms of enhanced levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and protein carbonyls. Concomitantly, decrease in the activities of antioxidant enzymes was observed in Tg2576 mice treated with control diet. Supplementation with 4% pomegranate attenuated oxidative damage, as evidenced by decreased LPO and protein carbonyl levels and restoration in the activities of the antioxidant enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione (GSH), and Glutathione S transferase (GST)]. The activities of membrane-bound enzymes [Na(+) K(+)-ATPase and acetylcholinesterase (AChE)] were altered in the brain regions of Tg2576 mouse treated with control diet, and 4% pomegranate supplementation was able to restore the activities of enzymes to comparable values observed in controls. The results suggest that the therapeutic potential of 4% pomegranate in the treatment of AD might be associated with counteracting the oxidative stress by the presence of active phytochemicals in it.
Deparment of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Sultanate of Oman. ; Ageing and Dementia Research Group, Sultan Qaboos University, Sultanate of Oman.
Selvaraju
S
Subash
Deparment of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Sultanate of Oman. ; Ageing and Dementia Research Group, Sultan Qaboos University, Sultanate of Oman. ; Neuropharmacology group, MND and Neurodegenerative diseases Research Centre, Macquarie University, NSW, Australia.
Musthafa Mohamed
MM
Essa
Ageing and Dementia Research Group, Sultan Qaboos University, Sultanate of Oman. ; College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Sultanate of Oman.
Abdullah
A
Al-Asmi
Ageing and Dementia Research Group, Sultan Qaboos University, Sultanate of Oman. ; College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Sultanate of Oman.
Samir
S
Al-Adawi
Ageing and Dementia Research Group, Sultan Qaboos University, Sultanate of Oman.
Ragini
R
Vaishnav
School of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Nady
N
Braidy
Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, India.
Thamilarasan
T
Manivasagam
Neuropharmacology group, MND and Neurodegenerative diseases Research Centre, Macquarie University, NSW, Australia.
Gilles J
GJ
Guillemin
Alzheimer's disease; Oman; Oxidative stress; Pomegranate; Tg2576 mouse; antioxidant