GRIM REAPER peptide binds to receptor kinase PRK5 to trigger cell death in Arabidopsis.
Recognition of extracellular peptides by plasma membrane-localized receptor proteins is commonly used in signal transduction. In plants, very little is known about how extracellular peptides are processed and activated in order to allow recognition by receptors. Here, we show that induction of cell death in planta by a secreted plant protein GRIM REAPER (GRI) is dependent on the activity of the type II metacaspase METACASPASE-9. GRI is cleaved by METACASPASE-9 in vitro resulting in the release of an 11 amino acid peptide. This peptide bound in vivo to the extracellular domain of the plasma membrane-localized, atypical leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase POLLEN-SPECIFIC RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE 5 (PRK5) and was sufficient to induce oxidative stress/ROS-dependent cell death. This shows a signaling pathway in plants from processing and activation of an extracellular protein to recognition by its receptor.
Plant Biology, Department of Biosciences University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland michael.wrzaczek@helsinki.fi jaakko.kangasjarvi@helsinki.fi.
Michael
M
Wrzaczek
Plant Biology, Department of Biosciences University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Julia P
JP
Vainonen
Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium Department of Medical Protein Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Simon
S
Stael
Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium Department of Medical Protein Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Liana
L
Tsiatsiani
Plant Biology, Department of Biosciences University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Hanna
H
Help-Rinta-Rahko
Plant Biology, Department of Biosciences University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Adrien
A
Gauthier
Plant Biology, Department of Biosciences University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
David
D
Kaufholdt
Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Benjamin
B
Bollhöner
Plant Biology, Department of Biosciences University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Airi
A
Lamminmäki
Department of Medical Protein Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
An
A
Staes
Department of Medical Protein Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Kris
K
Gevaert
Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Hannele
H
Tuominen
Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Frank
F
Van Breusegem
Plant Biology, Department of Biosciences University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Ykä
Y
Helariutta
Plant Biology, Department of Biosciences University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Distinguished Scientist Fellowship Program, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia michael.wrzaczek@helsinki.fi jaakko.kangasjarvi@helsinki.fi.
Jaakko
J
Kangasjärvi
D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020169:Caspases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016923:Cell Death / Q000502:physiology; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D010455:Peptides / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000502:physiology; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*
D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D010455:Peptides; D011494:Protein Kinases; D020169:Caspases; C516211:metacaspase 9, Arabidopsis
ligand; protease; receptor‐like kinase; secreted protein