Maternal and paternal beliefs, support and parenting as determinants of sport participation of adolescents with asthma.
BACKGROUND
Few studies have examined determinants of physical activity in patients with chronic illnesses, like asthma. The aim of this study was to examine whether baseline maternal and paternal beliefs, support and parenting were associated with changes in sport participation of adolescents with asthma, and investigate the moderating effect of sex.


METHODS
In a population-based cohort study, during home visits in 2012 and 2013, 253 adolescents completed a questionnaire assessing their sport participation. Both parents reported their sport-specific parenting (support, general and asthma-specific beliefs, self-efficacy to encourage sport participation). The collected data was described using descriptive statistics. Path and multi-group analyses were used to examine whether baseline parental factors predicted change in adolescent sport participation, multi-group analyses examined the moderating effect of sex. For all analyses probability p value less than the accepted level of significance α = 0.05 (p < 0.05) were taken as significant effects.


RESULTS
Few parental factors associated with changes in sport participation of the adolescents, sex did not moderate the associations. In the fully adjusted models, only maternal asthma-specific beliefs about sport participation were significantly positively associated with change in adolescent sport participation.


CONCLUSIONS
Sport-specific parenting does not appear to be a determinant of sport participation in adolescents with asthma. Future research should consider other individual, social and environmental determinants to inform intervention development.
Faculty of Social Sciences, Behavioural Science Institute (BSI), Radboud University Nijmegen , Nijmegen , The Netherlands .
Dana
D
Tiggelman
Monique O M
MO
van de Ven
Onno C P
OC
van Schayck
Rutger C M E
RC
Engels
Esther M F
EM
van Sluijs
D000293:Adolescent; D001249:Asthma / Q000523:psychology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009426:Netherlands; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012737:Sex Factors; D013177:Sports
Asthma; exercise-induced asthma; family; physical activity; psychology; youth