Challenging mimickers of primary systemic vasculitis.
The need to distinguish true primary systemic vasculitis from its multiple potential mimickers is one of the most challenging diagnostic conundrums in clinical medicine. This article reviews 9 challenging vasculitis mimickers: fibromuscular dysplasia, calciphylaxis, segmental arterial mediolysis, antiphospholipid syndrome, hypereosinophilic syndrome, lymphomatoid granulomatosis, malignant atrophic papulosis, livedoid vasculopathy, and immunoglobulin G4-related disease.
Rheumatology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Yawkey 2, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Eli M
EM
Miloslavsky
Rheumatology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Yawkey 2, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Electronic address: jhstone@mgh.harvard.edu.
John H
JH
Stone
Rheumatology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Yawkey 2, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Sebastian H
SH
Unizony
D016736:Antiphospholipid Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis*; D001157:Arterial Occlusive Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology; D002115:Calciphylaxis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005352:Fibromuscular Dysplasia / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D017681:Hypereosinophilic Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis*; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000276:immunology; D008230:Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D054853:Malignant Atrophic Papulosis / Q000175:diagnosis; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis; D014657:Vasculitis / Q000175:diagnosis*
D007074:Immunoglobulin G
Degos disease; Fibromuscular dysplasia; IgG4-related disease; Livedoid vasculopathy; Lymphomatoid granulomatosis; Mimicker; Segmental arterial mediolysis; Vasculitis