Sparsity Inducing Prior Distributions for Correlation Matrices of Longitudinal Data.
For longitudinal data, the modeling of a correlation matrixRcan be a difficult statistical task due to both the positive definite and the unit diagonal constraints. Because the number of parameters increases quadratically in the dimension, it is often useful to consider a sparse parameterization. We introduce a pair of prior distributions on the set of correlation matrices for longitudinal data through the partial autocorrelations (PACs), each of which vary independently over [-1,1]. The first prior shrinks each of the PACs toward zero with increasingly aggressive shrinkage in lag. The second prior (a selection prior) is a mixture of a zero point mass and a continuous component for each PAC, allowing for a sparse representation. The structure implied under our priors is readily interpretable for time-ordered responses because each zero PAC implies a conditional independence relationship in the distribution of the data. Selection priors on the PACs provide a computationally attractive alternative to selection on the elements ofRorR-1for ordered data. These priors allow for data-dependent shrinkage/selection under an intuitive parameterization in an unconstrained setting. The proposed priors are compared to standard methods through a simulation study and a multivariate probit data example. Supplemental materials for this article (appendix, data, and R code) are available online.
Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202.
J T
JT
Gaskins
Division of Statistics & Scientific Computation, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712.
M J
MJ
Daniels
Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093.
B H
BH
Marcus
Bayesian methods; Correlation matrix; Longitudinal data; Multivariate probit; Partial autocorrelation; Selection priors; Shrinkage