Enabling the 'host jump': structural determinants of receptor-binding specificity in influenza A viruses.
The recent emergence of the H7N9 avian influenza A virus and its ability to infect humans emphasize the epidemic and pandemic potential of these viruses. Interspecies transmission is the result of many factors, which ultimately lead to a change in the host tropism of the virus. One of the key factors involved is a shift in the receptor-binding specificity of the virus, which is mostly determined by mutations in the viral haemagglutinin (HA). In this Review, we discuss recent crystallographic studies that provide molecular insights into HA-host receptor interactions that have enabled several influenza A virus subtypes to 'jump' from avian to human hosts.
1] Research Network of Immunity and Health (RNIH), Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China. [2] CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
Yi
Y
Shi
CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
Ying
Y
Wu
CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
Wei
W
Zhang
CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
Jianxun
J
Qi
1] Research Network of Immunity and Health (RNIH), Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China. [2] CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. [3] Office of Director-General, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing 102206, China.
George F
GF
Gao
D000818:Animals; D001717:Birds; D003461:Crystallography; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D058507:Host Specificity; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D064766:Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype / Q000502:physiology; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000502:physiology*; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology*; D009154:Mutation; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D011485:Protein Binding; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus; D011991:Receptors, Virus