Deterministic Function Computation with Chemical Reaction Networks.
Chemical reaction networks (CRNs) formally model chemistry in a well-mixed solution. CRNs are widely used to describe information processing occurring in natural cellular regulatory networks, and with upcoming advances in synthetic biology, CRNs are a promising language for the design of artificial molecular control circuitry. Nonetheless, despite the widespread use of CRNs in the natural sciences, the range of computational behaviors exhibited by CRNs is not well understood. CRNs have been shown to be efficiently Turing-universal (i.e., able to simulate arbitrary algorithms) when allowing for a small probability of error. CRNs that are guaranteed to converge on a correct answer, on the other hand, have been shown to decide only the semilinear predicates (a multi-dimensional generalization of "eventually periodic" sets). We introduce the notion of function, rather than predicate, computation by representing the output of a functionf: ℕk→ ℕlby a count of some molecular species, i.e., if the CRN starts withx1, …,xkmolecules of some "input" speciesX1, …,Xk, the CRN is guaranteed to converge to havingf(x1, …,xk) molecules of the "output" speciesY1, …,Yl. We show that a functionf: ℕk→ ℕlis deterministically computed by a CRN if and only if its graph {(x, y) ∈ ℕk× ℕl∣f(x) =y} is a semilinear set. Finally, we show that each semilinear functionf(a function whose graph is a semilinear set) can be computed by a CRN on inputxin expected timeO(polylog ∥x∥1).
National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Ho-Lin
HL
Chen
California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
David
D
Doty
University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
David
D
Soloveichik