Role of anaerobic fungi in wheat straw degradation and effects of plant feed additives on rumen fermentation parameters in vitro.
In the present study, rumen microbial groups, i.e. total rumen microbes (TRM), total anaerobic fungi (TAF), avicel enriched bacteria (AEB) and neutral detergent fibre enriched bacteria (NEB) were evaluated for wheat straw (WS) degradability and different fermentation parameters in vitro. Highest WS degradation was shown for TRM, followed by TAF, NEB and least by AEB. Similar patterns were observed with total gas production and short chain fatty acid profiles. Overall, TAF emerged as the most potent individual microbial group. In order to enhance the fibrolytic and rumen fermentation potential of TAF, we evaluated 18 plant feed additives in vitro. Among these, six plant additives namely Albizia lebbeck, Alstonia scholaris, Bacopa monnieri, Lawsonia inermis, Psidium guajava and Terminalia arjuna considerably improved WS degradation by TAF. Further evaluation showed A. lebbeck as best feed additive. The study revealed that TAF plays a significant role in WS degradation and their fibrolytic activities can be improved by inclusion of A. lebbeck in fermentation medium. Further studies are warranted to elucidate its active constituents, effect on fungal population and in vivo potential in animal system.
Nutrition Biotechnology Laboratory, Dairy Cattle Nutrition Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India Microbial Science Division, Agharkar Research Institute, Pune 411004, Maharashtra, India.
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Dagar
Nutrition Biotechnology Laboratory, Dairy Cattle Nutrition Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India Department of Paramedical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India.
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Singh
Nutrition Biotechnology Laboratory, Dairy Cattle Nutrition Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India.
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Goel
Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA 19348, USA Dairy Microbiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India.
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Kumar
Dairy Microbiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India.
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Puniya
D000693:Anaerobiosis; D000821:Animal Feed / Q000382:microbiology*; D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism*; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000378:metabolism*; D005285:Fermentation; D005503:Food Additives / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D005658:Fungi / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D010944:Plants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D012417:Rumen / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D014908:Triticum / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*
D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005503:Food Additives
avicel; feed additive; fibrolytic; rumen bacteria; ruminants; short chain fatty acids