Quantitative evaluation of collagen crosslinks and corresponding tensile mechanical properties in mouse cervical tissue during normal pregnancy.
The changes in the mechanical integrity of the cervix during pregnancy have implications for a successful delivery. Cervical collagens are known to remodel extensively in mice with progressing gestation leading to a soft cervix at term. During this process, mature crosslinked collagens are hypothesized to be replaced with immature less crosslinked collagens to facilitate cervical softening and ripening. To determine the mechanical role of collagen crosslinks during normal mouse cervical remodeling, tensile load-to-break tests were conducted for the following time points: nonpregnant (NP), gestation day (d) 6, 12, 15, 18 and 24 hr postpartum (PP) of the 19-day gestation period. Immature crosslinks (HLNL and DHLNL) and mature crosslinks (DPD and PYD) were measured using ultra performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS). There were no significant changes in the total immature crosslink density (HLNL+DHLNL mol per collagen mol) throughout normal mouse gestation (range: 0.31-0.49). Total mature crosslink density (PYD+DPD mol per collagen mol) decreased significantly in early softening from d6 to d15 (d6: 0.17, d12: 0.097, d15: 0.026) and did not decrease with further gestation. The maturity ratio (total mature to total immature crosslinks) significantly decreased in early softening from d6 to d15 (d6: 0.2, d15: 0.074). All of the measured crosslinks correlated significantly with a measure of tissue stiffness and strength, with the exception of the immature crosslink HLNL. This data provides quantitative evidence to support the hypothesis that as mature crosslinked collagens decline, they are replaced by immature collagens to facilitate increased tissue compliance in the early softening period from d6 to d15.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America.
Kyoko
K
Yoshida
Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America; Irving Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America.
Hongfeng
H
Jiang
Department of Opthalmology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America.
MiJung
M
Kim
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America.
Joy
J
Vink
Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America; Irving Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America.
Serge
S
Cremers
Department of Opthalmology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America.
David
D
Paik
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America.
Ronald
R
Wapner
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America.
Mala
M
Mahendroo
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America.
Kristin
K
Myers
D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000502:physiology*; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism*; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000378:metabolism*; D004151:Dipeptides; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D011247:Pregnancy; D013718:Tensile Strength
D000596:Amino Acids; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D004151:Dipeptides; C007428:5,5'-dihydroxylysylnorleucine; C015484:pyridinoline; C036020:deoxypyridinoline; D003094:Collagen