Modern management of the exstrophy-epispadias complex.
The exstrophy-epispadias complex is a rare spectrum of malformations affecting the genitourinary system, anterior abdominal wall, and pelvis. Historically, surgical outcomes were poor in patients with classic bladder exstrophy and cloacal exstrophy, the two more severe presentations. However, modern techniques to repair epispadias, classic bladder exstrophy, and cloacal exstrophy have increased the success of achieving urinary continence, satisfactory cosmesis, and quality of life. Unfortunately, these procedures are not without their own complications. This review provides readers with an overview of the management of the exstrophy-epispadias complex and potential surgical complications.
Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Charlotte Bloomberg Children's Hospital, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans Street, Suite 7302, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Brian M
0000-0001-9584-2435
BM
Inouye
Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Charlotte Bloomberg Children's Hospital, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans Street, Suite 7302, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Ali
0000-0002-0177-6121
A
Tourchi
Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Charlotte Bloomberg Children's Hospital, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans Street, Suite 7302, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Heather N
HN
Di Carlo
Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Charlotte Bloomberg Children's Hospital, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans Street, Suite 7302, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Ezekiel E
EE
Young
Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Charlotte Bloomberg Children's Hospital, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans Street, Suite 7302, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
John P
JP
Gearhart