Cadmium accumulation by jack-bean and sorghum in hydroponic culture.
Among the technologies used to recuperate cadmium (Cd) contaminated soils, phytoextraction are particularly important, where the selection of suitable plants is critical to the success of the soil remediation. Thus, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the responses of jack-bean and sorghum to Cd supply and to quantify Cd accumulation by these species grown in hydroponic culture. The plants were subjected to 0, 15, 30, or 60 μmol Cd L(-1) in the nutrient solution, and gas exchange, plant growth and Cd accumulation were measured at 25 days after starting Cd treatments. The Cd supply severely reduced growth of shoots and roots in both species. In jack-bean, Cd decreased photosynthesis by 56-86%, stomatal conductance by 59-85% and transpiration by 48-80%. The concentrations and amounts of Cd accumulated in the plant tissues were proportional to the metal supply in the nutrient solution. Sorghum was more tolerant than jack-bean to Cd toxicity, but the latter showed a greater metal concentration and accumulation in the shoot. Therefore, jack-bean would be more suitable than sorghum for use in Cd phytoremediation programs based on phytoextraction.
a Instituto Agronômico (IAC) , Pós-Graduação em Agricultura Tropical e Subtropical , Campinas , SP , Brasil.
Ariana Carramaschi
AC
Francato Zancheta
Cleide Aparecida
CA
De Abreu
Fernando César Bachiega
FC
Zambrosi
Norma
N
de Magalhães Erismann
Ana Maria Magalhães
AM
Andrade Lagôa
D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002104:Cadmium / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D032449:Canavalia / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D018527:Hydroponics; D045868:Sorghum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
D002104:Cadmium
Canavalia ensiformis L; Sorghum bicolor L; gas exchange; heavy metal; phytoextraction