Exposure to 2,5-hexanedione is accompanied by ovarian and uterine oxidative stress and disruption of endocrine balance in rats.
2,5-Hexanedione (2,5-HD) is an aliphatic diketone identified as the main neurotoxic metabolite of the industrial chemicals n-hexane and methyl-n-butyl ketone. Considering the dearth of information on the female reproductive toxicity effects of 2,5-HD in the literature, we assessed the potential oxidative stress mechanisms of 2,5-HD in the ovary and uterus of Wistar rats. A total of 32 female rats were randomly allotted to four groups, in which rats were exposed to 2,5-HD at doses of 0% (control), 0.25%, 0.5% and 1.0% respectively in their drinking water for 21 days. The results showed that 2,5-HD significantly increased ovarian and uterine malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels (p < 0.05). Additionally, while significant decreases in ovarian catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities occurred in all the 2,5-HD-treated groups, uterine catalase, GST, and GPx activities increased. Further, 2,5-HD increased follicle stimulating hormone, but decreased estrogen levels in all the 2,5-HD-treated groups, while prolactin increased in the 0.5, and 1.0% 2,5-HD-treated rats compared with the control (p < 0.05). Thus, these data imply that 2,5-HD exposure disrupts hormonal homeostasis and induces oxidative stress in the ovary and uterus of rats. These findings may therefore have toxicological implications in women occupationally exposed to n-hexane and methyl-n-butyl ketone.
a Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry , College of Medicine, University of Ibadan , Ibadan , Nigeria.
Amos O
AO
Abolaji
a Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry , College of Medicine, University of Ibadan , Ibadan , Nigeria.
Isaac A
IA
Adedara
a Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry , College of Medicine, University of Ibadan , Ibadan , Nigeria.
Adedamola
A
Soladogun
a Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry , College of Medicine, University of Ibadan , Ibadan , Nigeria.
Veronica
V
Salau
a Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry , College of Medicine, University of Ibadan , Ibadan , Nigeria.
Maureen
M
Oguaka
a Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry , College of Medicine, University of Ibadan , Ibadan , Nigeria.
Ebenezer O
EO
Farombi
D000818:Animals; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D004967:Estrogens / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006588:Hexanones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D010053:Ovary / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D011388:Prolactin / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014599:Uterus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology
D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D004967:Estrogens; D006588:Hexanones; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D011388:Prolactin; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; C011269:2,5-hexanedione; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase
2,5-Hexanedione; hormonal disruption; ovary; oxidative stress; uterus