A 9-year, bidirectional prospective analysis of depressive symptoms and adiposity: the African American Health Study.
OBJECTIVE
Depression may be a predictor and consequence of obesity. However, available evidence for racial minorities has been inconsistent, and more prospective studies are needed. Thus, this study's objective was to examine whether depressive symptom severity is a predictor and/or consequence of total adiposity over a 9-year period in a representative sample of late middle-aged African-Americans.


METHODS
A total of 410 participants (aged 49-65 years; baseline) in the prospective cohort African American Health study were examined. Depressive symptom severity was assessed with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D). Total body fat percent (BF%) and body mass index (BMI; kg/m(2) ) were assessed. Structural equation models were tested.


RESULTS
All model fit statistics, other than χ(2) , indicated good fit (RMSEA ≤ 0.058, SRMR ≤ 0.052, CFI ≥ 0.95). Baseline CES-D did not predict 9-year changes in BF% (β = -0.01, P = 0.78) or BMI (β = -0.01, P = 0.77). Baseline BF% (β = 0.05, P = 0.39) and BMI (β = 0.08, P = 0.095) did not predict 9-year change in CES-D.


CONCLUSIONS
Depressive symptom severity was not a predictor or consequence of excess total adiposity in late middle-aged African-American adults. Including a depression module in obesity prevention and treatment programs specifically designed for late middle-aged African-Americans may not have a beneficial effect on obesity outcomes.
Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA.
Misty A W
MA
Hawkins
Douglas K
DK
Miller
Jesse C
JC
Stewart
D050154:Adiposity / Q000502:physiology*; D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000208:ethnology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index