Orbital reconstruction: prefabricated implants, data transfer, and revision surgery.
External impact to the orbit may cause a blowout or zygomatico-maxillary fractures. Diagnosis and treatment of orbital wall fractures are based on both physical examination and computed tomography scan of the orbit. Injuries of the orbit often require a reconstruction of its orbital walls. Using computer-assisted techniques, anatomically preformed orbital implants, and intraoperative imaging offers precise and predictable results of orbital reconstructions. Secondary reconstruction of the orbital cavity is challenging due to fractures healed in malposition, defects, scarring, and lack of anatomic landmarks, and should be avoided by precise primary reconstruction. The development of preformed orbital implants based on topographical analysis of the orbital cavity was a milestone for the improvement of primary orbital reconstruction.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Regional Plastic Surgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
Gido
G
Bittermann
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Regional Plastic Surgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
Marc Christian
MC
Metzger
Biological Anthropology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
Stefan
S
Schlager
Eye Center, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
Wolf Alexander
WA
Lagrèze
Eye Center, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
Nikolai
N
Gross
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany.
Carl-Peter
CP
Cornelius
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Regional Plastic Surgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
Rainer
R
Schmelzeisen
D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D009915:Orbit / Q000601:surgery*; D020273:Orbital Implants; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012086:Reoperation; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D014025:Titanium
D014025:Titanium