Diversity and abundance of leafhoppers in Canadian vineyards.
Leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) are pests of many temperate crops, including grapevines (Vitis species). Uncontrolled populations can induce direct and indirect damage to crops due to feeding that results in significant yield losses and increased mortality in infected vineyards due to virus, bacteria, or phytoplasmas vectored by leafhoppers. The main objective of this work was to determine the diversity of leafhoppers found in vineyards of the three main Canadian production provinces, i.e., in British Columbia, Ontario, and Quebec. Approximately 18,000 specimens were collected in 80 commercial vineyards from 2006 to 2008. We identified 54 genera and at least 110 different species associated with vineyards, among which 22 were predominant and represented more than 91% of all the leafhoppers. Species richness and diversity were estimated by both Shannon's and Pielou's indices. For each province, results indicated a temporal variation in species composition. Color photographs provide a tool to quickly identify 72 leafhoppers commonly associated with vineyards.
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Horticulture Research and Development Centre, 430 Gouin Blvd., Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Quebec, J3B 3E6, Canada saguezj@yahoo.com.
Julien
J
Saguez
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon Research Centre, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 0X2, Canada chrystel.olivier@agr.gc.ca.
Chrystel
C
Olivier
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0C6, Canada andy.hamilton@agr.gc.ca.
Andrew
A
Hamilton
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre, 4200 Highway 97, Summerland, British Columbia, V0H 1Z0, Canada tom.lowery@agr.gc.ca.
Thomas
T
Lowery
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre, 4902 Victoria Avenue North, Vineland, Ontario, L0R 2E0, Canada lorne.stobbs@agr.gc.ca.
Lorne
L
Stobbs
Co-Lab R & D, Division of AgCord Inc., 655 Delorme Street, Granby, Quebec, J2J 2H4, Canada jlasnier@translog.ca.
Jacques
J
Lasnier
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon Research Centre, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 0X2, Canada brian.galka@agr.gc.ca.
Brian
B
Galka
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon Research Centre, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 0X2, Canada Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P.R. China chenxs3218@163.com.
Xiangsheng
X
Chen
Université du Québec à Montréal, 141 President-Kennedy Blvd., Montreal, Quebec, H2X 3Y5, Canada mauffette.yves@uqam.ca.
Yves
Y
Mauffette
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Horticulture Research and Development Centre, 430 Gouin Blvd., Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Quebec, J3B 3E6, Canada charles.vincent@agr.gc.ca.
Charles
C
Vincent
D000818:Animals; D044822:Biodiversity; D002170:Canada; D006430:Hemiptera; D011156:Population Density; D027843:Vitis
Cicadellidae; Empoasca spp.; Eythroneura spp.; Macrosteles spp.; Vitis spp.