Lactobacillus casei-01 facilitates the ameliorative effects of proanthocyanidins extracted from lotus seedpod on learning and memory impairment in scopolamine-induced amnesia mice.
Learning and memory abilities are associated with alterations in gut function. The two-way proanthocyanidins-microbiota interaction in vivo enhances the physiological activities of proanthocyanidins and promotes the regulation of gut function. Proanthocyanidins extracted from lotus seedpod (LSPC) have shown the memory-enhancing ability. However, there has been no literature about whether Lactobacillus casei-01 (LC) enhances the ameliorative effects of LSPC on learning and memory abilities. In this study, learning and memory abilities of scopolamine-induced amnesia mice were evaluated by Y-maze test after 20-day administration of LC (10(9) cfu/kg body weight (BW)), LSPC (low dose was 60 mg/kg BW (L-LSPC) and high dose was 90 mg/kg BW (H-LSPC)), or LSPC and LC combinations (L-LSPC+LC and H-LSPC+LC). Alterations in antioxidant defense ability and oxidative damage of brain, serum and colon, and brain cholinergic system were investigated as the possible mechanisms. As a result, the error times of H-LSPC+LC group were reduced by 41.59% and 68.75% relative to those of H-LSPC and LC groups respectively. LSPC and LC combinations ameliorated scopolamine-induced memory impairment by improving total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) level, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activities of brain, serum and colon, suppressing malondialdehyde (MDA) level of brain, serum and colon, and inhibiting brain acetylcholinesterase (AchE), myeloperoxidase, total nitric oxide synthase and neural nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) activities, and nNOS mRNA level. Moreover, LC facilitated the ameliorative effects of H-LSPC on GSH-Px activity of colon, TAOC level, GSH-Px activity and ratio of T-SOD to MDA of brain and serum, and the inhibitory effects of H-LSPC on serum MDA level, brain nNOS mRNA level and AchE activity. These results indicated that LC promoted the memory-enhancing effect of LSPC in scopolamine-induced amnesia mice.
Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture/ Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 133 Yiheng Road, Dongguan Zhuang, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510610, Guangdong, China.
Juan
J
Xiao
College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Xuefu South Road, Changqing Garden, Dongxihu District, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, China.
Shuyi
S
Li
College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 1 Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China.
Yong
Y
Sui
College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 1 Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China.
Qian
Q
Wu
College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 1 Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China.
Xiaopeng
X
Li
College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 1 Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China.
Bijun
B
Xie
Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture/ Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 133 Yiheng Road, Dongguan Zhuang, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510610, Guangdong, China.
Mingwei
M
Zhang
College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 1 Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China.
Zhida
Z
Sun
D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D000647:Amnesia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D007780:Lacticaseibacillus casei / Q000378:metabolism*; D000070116:Lotus / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D044945:Proanthocyanidins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012601:Scopolamine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
D000975:Antioxidants; D017931:DNA Primers; D044945:Proanthocyanidins; D012601:Scopolamine; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase