Comparative biology of γδ T cell function in humans, mice, and domestic animals.
γδ T cells are a functionally heterogeneous population and contribute to many early immune responses. The majority of their activity is described in humans and mice, but the immune systems of all jawed vertebrates include the γδ T cell lineage. Although some aspects of γδ T cells vary between species, critical roles in early immune responses are often conserved. Common features of γδ T cells include innate receptor expression, antigen presentation, cytotoxicity, and cytokine production. Herein we compare studies describing these conserved γδ T cell functions and other, potentially unique, functions. γδ T cells are well documented for their potential immunotherapeutic properties; however, these proposed therapies are often focused on human diseases and the mouse models thereof. This review consolidates some of these studies with those in other animals to provide a consensus for the current understanding of γδ T cell function across species.
Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717; email: jeffholderness@gmail.com , jodi.hedges@gmail.com , agramstead@gmail.com , uvsmj@montana.edu.
Jeff
J
Holderness
Jodi F
JF
Hedges
Andrew
A
Ramstead
Mark A
MA
Jutila
D000818:Animals; D000829:Animals, Domestic; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta
TCR; bacterial; cytokines; innate receptors; viral; γδ T cell receptor