EPA-coated titanium implants promote osteoconduction in white New Zealand rabbits.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effect of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)-coated Ti implants on osteoconduction in white New Zealand rabbit mandibles.


METHODS
Sandblasted and cleansed planar titanium specimens with a size of 5 × 5 × 1 mm were coated on one side with 0.25 vol% eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). The other side of the specimens was kept highly polished (the control side). These specimens were inserted in rabbit mandibles. Twelve rabbits were randomly assigned into three study groups (n = 4). The rabbits were sacrificed at 4, 8, and 12 weeks. The harvested specimens with the implants were assessed for new bone formation on both sides of the implant using CBCT, conventional radiographs, and the biaxial pullout test. The results were statistically analyzed by a nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test and Friedman's test as multiple comparisons and by Brunner-Langer nonparametric mixed model approach (R Software).


RESULTS
A significant osteoconductive bone formation was found on the EPA-coated Ti implant surface (P < 0.05) at 8 weeks when compared to the polished surface (control). Biaxial pullout test results showed a significant difference (P < 0.05) after 8 and 12 weeks with a maximum force of 243.8 N, compared to 143.25 N after 4 week.


CONCLUSIONS
EPA implant coating promoted osteoconduction on the Ti implant surfaces, enhancing the anchorage of the implant to the surrounding bone in white New Zealand rabbits.
Dental Materials Science, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.|Dental Materials Science, Kulliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Malaysia.|ISF Medical Unit, Doha, Qatar.
Ammar
A
Mustafa
Dental Materials Science, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.|Dental Materials Science, Kulliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Malaysia.
Christie Y K
CY
Lung
Kulliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Malaysia.
Nazih S
NS
Mustafa
Kulliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Malaysia.
Besma A
BA
Mustafa
Kulliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Malaysia.
Muhannad A
MA
Kashmoola
Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Roger A
RA
Zwahlen
Dental Materials Science, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.|Dental Materials Science, Kulliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Malaysia.
Jukka P
JP
Matinlinna
D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000494:pharmacology*; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods*; D015921:Dental Implants; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020007:Implants, Experimental; D008334:Mandible / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D011817:Rabbits; D011897:Random Allocation; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium
D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D015921:Dental Implants; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid; D014025:Titanium
biomaterials; dental implant; fatty acid; implant coatings; surface chemistry; titanium