Cross-national and longitudinal investigation of a short measure of workaholism.
The present study investigated the factor structure of the 10-item version of the Dutch Work Addiction Scale (DUWAS). The DUWAS-10 is intended to measure workaholism with two correlated factors: working excessively (WE) and working compulsively (WC). The factor structure of the DUWAS-10 was examined among multi-occupational samples from the Netherlands (n=9,010) and Finland (n=4,567) using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). CFAs revealed that the expected correlated two-factor solution showed satisfactory fit to the data. However, a second-order factor solution, where WE comprised the first-order factors "working frantically" and "working long hours", and WC the first-order factors "obsessive work drive" and "unease if not working", showed significantly better fit to the data. The expectation of factorial group invariance of the second-order factor structure between the Dutch and Finnish samples was also supported. Moreover, factorial time invariance was observed across a two-year time lag in a sub-sample of Finnish managers (n=459). In conclusion, the DUWAS-10 was found to be a comprehensive measure of workaholism, meeting the criteria of factorial validity in multiple settings, and can thus be recommended for use in both research and practice.
Department of Teacher Education, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland.
Johanna
J
Rantanen
Taru
T
Feldt
Jari J
JJ
Hakanen
Katja
K
Kokko
Mari
M
Huhtala
Lea
L
Pulkkinen
Wilmar
W
Schaufeli
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016739:Behavior, Addictive; D003192:Compulsive Behavior; D004328:Drive; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014937:Work / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult