A randomized controlled trial of an educational programme to improve self-care in Brazilian patients following percutaneous coronary intervention.
OBJECTIVE
To test an educational programme with telephone follow-up to improve self-care in Brazilian patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention.


BACKGROUND
Percutaneous coronary intervention has been established as a treatment for coronary disease. However, additional intervention is needed to improve self-care for individuals who undergo this procedure to reduce further disease. Telephone follow-up is one strategy that has been used to improve chronic disease self-care.


METHODS
Randomized controlled trial.


BACKGROUND
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01341093.


METHODS
Sixty patients who were preparing for their first percutaneous coronary intervention between 2011-2012 were randomly allocated to an educational programme with telephone follow-up (N = 30) or a control group (N = 30). Perceived health status was assessed with the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form. Self-efficacy, symptoms of anxiety and depression and medication adherence were also assessed. Measures were collected before intervention (baseline) and 6 months later.


RESULTS
Both groups improved from baseline to 6 months in the 'Physical Component Summary' and in the domains of 'Physical Functioning', 'Role-Emotional' and 'Role-Physical'. The educational programme group showed a reduction in anxiety from baseline to 6-month follow-up, while the control group showed a slight increase. No differences in symptoms in depression and self-efficacy were found and both groups reported high levels of medication adherence.


CONCLUSIONS
The educational programme with telephone follow-up is a promising intervention as it led to reduction in anxiety for those receiving the educational programme. Further improvements in timing and focus of the educational programme, such as targeting emotional and social lifestyle changes, might be warranted.
University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing (EERP/USP), Brazil.
Rejane K
RK
Furuya
Eliana C
EC
Arantes
Carina A M
CA
Dessotte
Marcia A
MA
Ciol
Jeanne M
JM
Hoffman
André
A
Schmidt
Rosana A S
RA
Dantas
Lidia A
LA
Rossi
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001938:Brazil; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000451:nursing* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D062645:Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / Q000451:nursing*; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012648:Self Care / Q000379:methods*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013689:Telephone
anxiety; clinical trial; coronary disease; depression; health education; health status; nursing; percutaneous coronary intervention; randomized controlled trial; self-efficacy