Arterial elasticity in obese adolescents with clinical features of insulin resistance.
OBJECTIVE
To determine whether arterial elasticity differs between obese adolescents with clinical insulin resistance (IR), type 1 diabetes (T1D) and healthy non-obese controls.


METHODS
This cross-sectional study evaluated 69 adolescents with clinical IR, 91 with T1D and 63 age-matched (10- to 18-year-old) controls. Arterial elasticity was measured using radial tonometry pulse-wave analysis. Stepwise multiple regression analyses were performed to assess the determinants of the small and large arterial elasticity indices (SAEI and LAEI).


RESULTS
SAEI and LAEI raw values were higher in the IR group than the controls, and these did not differ between the T1D and control groups. Weight and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were significant predictors of SAEI. After adjustment for weight and DBP, SAEI decreased by 0.65 mL/mmHg × 100 for each 1-year increase in age in the IR group. SAEI was not different across the groups after controlling for weight and DBP. Height was the strongest predictor of LAEI which remained higher in the IR group after controlling for height and blood pressure.


CONCLUSIONS
Obese adolescents with clinical IR have a higher SAEI, which declines with age; this may reflect a pathway to an increased risk of premature cardiovascular disease.
Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Mandy
M
Ho
Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Paul Z
PZ
Benitez-Aguirre
Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia Kids Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Kim C
KC
Donaghue
Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia Centre for Vision Research, Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Paul
P
Mitchell
Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia Kids Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Louise A
LA
Baur
St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Alicia J
AJ
Jenkins
Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Maria E
ME
Craig
Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia Kids Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Chris T
CT
Cowell
Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia Kids Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia sarah.garnett@health.nsw.gov.au.
Sarah P
SP
Garnett
D000293:Adolescent; D017195:Adolescent Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D001158:Arteries / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D001160:Arterioles / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D001167:Arteritis / Q000209:etiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D002664:Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D050177:Overweight / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D011236:Prediabetic State / Q000150:complications*; D059289:Vascular Stiffness
Arterial elasticity; RESIST; adolescents; insulin resistance; obesity; type 1 diabetes