Blood infections in patients treated at transplantation wards of a clinical hospital in Warsaw.
Establishment of the etiology in blood infection is always advisable. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the proportion of different bacterial species, including aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in blood cultures of patients hospitalized in transplantation wards of a large clinical hospital between 2010 and 2012. A total of 1994 blood samples from patients who were treated at one of two transplantation wards of a large hospital in Warsaw were analyzed using an automated blood culture system, BacT/ALERT (bioMerieux, France). The 306 bacterial strains were obtained from the examined samples. The highest proportion were bacteria from the family Enterobacteriaceae (112 strains; 36.6%) with Escherichia coli (61 strains), Klebsiella pneumoniae (30 strains), and Enterobacter cloacae (10 strains) most commonly isolated. The non-fermenting bacilli constituted 21.6% (66 strains), with most common Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (31 strains), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14 strains), Achromobacter spp. (12 strains), and Acinetobacter baumannii (3 strains). Most frequent Gram-positive bacteria were staphylococci (25.2%). Of 77 staphylococcal strains, 56 were coagulase-negative staphylococci and 21 Staphylococcus aureus. Other Gram-positive bacteria included enterococci (14 strains) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (1 strain). Obligatory anaerobic bacteria were represented by 19 strains (6.2% of total isolates). Among all Enterobacteriaceae, 49 isolates (43.7%) produced extended-spectrum ß-lactamases (ESBLs). Resistance to methicillin was detected in 62% of S aureus isolates and in 46% of coagulase-negative staphylococci. Of 14 enterococci cultured from blood samples, 2 strains (14.3%) were resistant to vancomycin. Both were Enterococcus faecium. Resistant strains of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria are significant problems for patients in the transplantation ward.
Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
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Kierzkowska
Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
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Majewska
Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
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Dobrzaniecka
Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
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Sawicka-Grzelak
Department of Dental Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
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Mlynarczyk
Department of General and Transplantation Surgery, Transplantology Institute, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
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Chmura
Department of Transplant Medicine and Nephrology, Transplantology Institute, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
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Durlik
Department of Transplant Medicine and Nephrology, Transplantology Institute, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
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Deborska-Materkowska
Department of Immunology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases, Transplantology Institute, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
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Paczek
Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland. Electronic address: grazyna.mlynarczyk@wum.edu.pl.
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Mlynarczyk
D016470:Bacteremia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004756:Enterobacteriaceae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D016983:Enterococcus; D006757:Hospital Units; D006801:Humans; D007710:Klebsiella Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D016377:Organ Transplantation; D011044:Poland / Q000453:epidemiology; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D066027:Transplant Recipients / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*