[Molecular typing and surveillance on Salmonella typhimurium strain in Guangdong province, 2009-2011].
OBJECTIVE
To understand the distribution and the characteristics on molecular typing of Salmonella (S.) typhimurium isolates gathered from the surveillance program and to construct the standard S. typhimurium databank in the laboratory through surveillance network PulseNet, in Guangdong province to improve the capability of detection on laboratory-based foodborne outbreaks.


METHODS
With the application of standard pulse-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multiple loci VNTR analysis (MLVA) including seven VNTRs loci protocols on PulseNet International Network, 275 isolates of S. typhimurium from ten cities in Guangdong province were typed and their patterns analyzed. The molecular typing databank was constructed by BioNumerics.


RESULTS
With S. typhimurium the most common serotypes, the average annual positive rate of Salmonella strains and S. typhimurium were 4.03% and 1.38% respectively. The positive rate and proportion presented a double-peak trend, appearing in May and September. The chromosomal DNA of S. typhimurium was digested with Xba I restricted endo-nucleotidase and 124 PFGE patterns were observed after pulse-field gel electrophoresis, with the discrimination index (D) as 0.928 6. The patterns including more than three S. typhimurium isolates and were further digested with the second enzyme Bln I to achieve 174 patterns, with the D value as 0.989 1. Under MLVA method, 143 variant patterns were obtained, with the D value reaching 0.966 5. Data showed that the discriminatory ability of the MLVA typing method in S. typhimurium was superior to PFGE-Xba I but equal to PFGE-Xba I-Bln I. In addition, when S. typhimurium strains were respectively analyzed by PFGE under double enzymes digestion and MLVA, the results appeared coincident and relative.


CONCLUSIONS
The variant patterns showed by the two molecular typing methods indicating a genetic diversity existed among the clinical S. typhimurium isolates in Guangdong province. Databank of S. typhimurium was constructed and could be used in laboratory surveillance programs. Under the characterization of analyzing similarity and evolution among S. typhimurium isolates, MLVA was suitable for cluster analysis on early detection of outbreaks caused by S. typhimurium.
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Skin Venereal Disease Prevention and Control, Baoan District Chronic Disease Hospital.
Yanhui
Y
Huang
Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou. Email: kebixia@live.cn.
Bixia
B
Ke
Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health.
Jiufeng
J
Sun
Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou.
Dongmei
D
He
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
Qing
Q
Chen
Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou.
Changwen
C
Ke
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
Shouyi
S
Yu
D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D006801:Humans; D018598:Minisatellite Repeats; D058885:Multilocus Sequence Typing; D012480:Salmonella Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics