Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy prevents the deterioration of renal function in morbidly obese patients over 40 years.
BACKGROUND
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk has been associated with elevated body mass index (BMI), especially in morbidly obese subjects. Aging and obesity can play a synergic effect on accelerating the renal function deterioration. Bariatric surgery (mainly gastric bypass or biliopancreatic diversion) has demonstrated an improvement on renal function, but little is known about the potential effect of sleeve gastrectomy on renal function.


METHODS
A prospective observational study was performed. Between 2009 and 2013, 50 morbidly obese patients over 40 years underwent a laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) at our institution. Renal function was evaluated by serum creatinine, urea, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), calculated using the MDRD-4 formula. All the variables were obtained at three times: on the first visit to the surgeon's office (baseline), the day before surgery (preoperative), and 12 months after surgery.


RESULTS
Fifty patients underwent a LSG, 44 females (88%) and 6 males (12%), with a mean age 49.2 ± 6.4 years and mean BMI of 48.4 ± 7.7 kg/m(2). MDRD-4 values presented a significant reduction (69.4 ml/min/m(2) at baseline vs 62.5 ml/min/m(2) preoperatively; CI95% (2.2-11.3 ml/min/m(2)); p = 0.01). Comparing pre- and postoperative values, a significant reduction could be determined in creatinine (0.89 mg/dl preoperatively vs 0.71 mg/dl postoperatively; p = 0.01), urea (36.1 mg/dl preoperatively vs 29.8 mg/dl postoperatively; p = 0.023), and a significant increase in MDRD-4 (62.5 ml/min/m(2) preoperatively vs 77.6 ml/min/m(2) postoperatively; p < 0.001).


CONCLUSIONS
In patients over 40 years, renal function is going to deteriorate as long as the excess of weight persists. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy has shown to improve the renal function 12 months after surgery.
Department of Surgery, Bariatric Surgery Unit, General University Hospital Elche, Alicante, Spain, jruiztovar@gmail.com.
Jaime
J
Ruiz-Tovar
Lorena
L
Giner
Felipe
F
Sarro-Sobrin
Maria Engracia
ME
Alsina
María Paz
MP
Marco
Lourdes
L
Craver
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005743:Gastrectomy / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome