MicroRNA function in mast cell biology: protocols to characterize and modulate microRNA expression.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNA molecules that can modulate mRNA levels through RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC)-mediated degradation. Recognition of target mRNAs occurs through imperfect base pairing between an miRNA and its target, meaning that each miRNA can target a number of different mRNAs to modulate gene expression. miRNAs have been proposed as novel therapeutic targets and many studies are aimed at characterizing miRNA expression patterns and functions within a range of cell types. To date, limited research has focused on the function of miRNAs specifically in mast cells; however, this is an emerging field. In this chapter, we will briefly overview miRNA synthesis and function and the current understanding of miRNAs in hematopoietic development and immune function, emphasizing studies related to mast cell biology. The chapter will conclude with fundamental techniques used in miRNA studies, including RNA isolation, real-time PCR and microarray approaches for quantification of miRNA expression levels, and antagomir design to interfere with miRNA function.
Priority Research Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Diseases, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Lot 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia, Steven.Maltby@newcastle.edu.au.
Steven
S
Maltby
Maximilian
M
Plank
Catherine
C
Ptaschinski
Joerg
J
Mattes
Paul S
PS
Foster
D000818:Animals; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D009841:Oligonucleotides / Q000235:genetics; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D048348:Reverse Transcription; D019914:Taq Polymerase / Q000378:metabolism
D035683:MicroRNAs; D009841:Oligonucleotides; D019914:Taq Polymerase