Body fat indices and biomarkers of inflammation: a cross-sectional study with implications for obesity and peri-implant oral health.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the relationships between three measures of body fat-body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and total body fat percent-and markers of inflammation around dental implants in stable periodontal maintenance patients.


METHODS
Seventy-three subjects were enrolled in this cross-sectional assessment. The study visit consisted of a physical examination that included anthropologic measurements of body composition (BMI, WC, body fat %); intraoral assessments were performed (full-mouth plaque index, periodontal and peri-implant comprehensive examinations) and peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) was collected on the study implants. Levels of interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17, tumor necrosis factor-α, C-reactive protein, osteoprotegerin, leptin, and adiponectin in the PISF were measured using multiplex proteomic immunoassays. Correlation analysis with body fat measures was then performed using appropriate statistical methods.


RESULTS
After adjustments for covariates, regression analyses revealed statistically significant correlation between IL-1β in PISF and WC (R = 0.33; P = .0047).


CONCLUSIONS
In this study in stable periodontal maintenance patients, a modest but statistically significant positive correlation was observed between the levels of IL-1β, a major proinflammatory cytokine in PISF, and WC, a reliable measure of central obesity.
Satheesh
S
Elangovan
Kim A
KA
Brogden
Deborah V
DV
Dawson
Derek
D
Blanchette
Keyla
K
Pagan-Rivera
Clark M
CM
Stanford
Georgia K
GK
Johnson
Erica
E
Recker
Rob
R
Bowers
William G
WG
Haynes
Gustavo
G
Avila-Ortiz
D052242:Adiponectin / Q000032:analysis; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis*; D001823:Body Composition; D050218:Body Fat Distribution / Q000145:classification*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015921:Dental Implants; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000032:analysis; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000032:analysis; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000032:analysis; D053582:Interleukin-1alpha / Q000032:analysis; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000032:analysis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000032:analysis; D020738:Leptin / Q000032:analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000276:immunology*; D009909:Oral Health; D053244:Osteoprotegerin / Q000032:analysis; D010512:Periodontal Index; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis; D055105:Waist Circumference
C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers; D015921:Dental Implants; C508609:IL10 protein, human; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D020381:Interleukin-17; D053582:Interleukin-1alpha; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D020738:Leptin; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D018664:Interleukin-12; D002097:C-Reactive Protein