A comparison of chronic AICAR treatment-induced metabolic adaptations in red and white muscles of rats.
The signaling molecule 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase plays a pivotal role in metabolic adaptations. Treatment with 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribofranoside (AICAR) promotes the expression of metabolic regulators and components involved in glucose uptake, mitochondrial biogenesis, and fatty acid oxidation in skeletal muscle cells. Our aim was to determine whether AICAR-induced changes in metabolic regulators and components were more prominent in white or red muscle. Rats were treated with AICAR (1 mg/g body weight/day) for 14 days, resulting in increased expression levels of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), glucose transporter 4 proteins, and enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis. These changes were more prominent in white rather than red gastrocnemius muscle or were only observed in the white gastrocnemius. Our results suggest that AICAR induces the expression of metabolic regulators and components, especially in type II (B) fibers.
Faculty of Life Design, Tohoku Institute of Technology, 6 Futatsusawa, Taihaku-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 982-8588, Japan, suwa-m@tohtech.ac.jp.
Masataka
M
Suwa
Hiroshi
H
Nakano
Zsolt
Z
Radak
Shuzo
S
Kumagai
D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects; D000620:Aminoimidazole Carboxamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4 / Q000378:metabolism; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D018656:Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018657:Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012265:Ribonucleotides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D056564:Sirtuin 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
D016207:Cytokines; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; C501429:Ppargc1a protein, rat; D012265:Ribonucleotides; C495694:Slc2a4 protein, rat; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000620:Aminoimidazole Carboxamide; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase; C504970:nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, rat; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; C488368:Sirt1 protein, rat; D056564:Sirtuin 1; C031143:AICA ribonucleotide