Plasmodium falciparum infection rates for some Anopheles spp. from Guinea-Bissau, West Africa.
Presence of Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein (CSP) was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in a sample of Anopheles gambiae s.s., A. melas and A. pharoensis collected in Guinea-Bissau during October and November 2009. The percentage of P. falciparum infected samples (10.2% overall; confidence interval (CI): 7.45-13.6%) was comparable to earlier studies from other sites in Guinea-Bissau (9.6-12.4%). The majority of the specimens collected were identified as A. gambiae which had an individual infection rate of 12.6 % (CI: 8.88-17.6) across collection sites. A small number of specimens of A. coluzzii, A. coluzzii x A. gambiae hybrids, A. melas and A. pharoensis were collected and had infection rates of 4.3% (CI:0.98-12.4), 4.1% (CI:0.35-14.5), 11.1% (CI:1.86-34.1) and 33.3% (CI:9.25-70.4) respectively. Despite being present in low numbers in indoor collections, the exophilic feeding behaviors of A. melas (N=18) and A. pharoensis (N=6) and high infection rates observed in this survey suggest falciparum-malaria transmission potential outside of the protection of bed nets.
Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, 95616, USA ; Current Affiliation: Harris County Institute of Forensic Sciences, 1885 Old Spanish Trail, Houston, 77054, USA.
Michelle R
MR
Sanford
Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, 95616, USA ; Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, 95616, USA.
Anthony J
AJ
Cornel
Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, 95616, USA.
Catelyn C
CC
Nieman
National Institute of Public Health (INASA), Bissau, Guinea-Bissau.
Joao
J
Dinis
Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, 95616, USA.
Clare D
CD
Marsden
Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, 95616, USA.
Allison M
AM
Weakley
Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, 95616, USA.
Sarah
S
Han
National Institute of Public Health (INASA), Bissau, Guinea-Bissau.
Amabelia
A
Rodrigues
Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, 95616, USA.
Gregory C
GC
Lanzaro
Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, 95616, USA.
Yoosook
Y
Lee