title: γδ T Cell-Mediated Immune Responses in Disease and Therapy.
abstract: The role of γδ T cells in immunotherapy has gained specific importance in the recent years because of their prominent function involving directly or indirectly in the rehabilitation of the diseases. γδ T cells represent a minor population of T cells that express a distinct T cell receptor (TCR) composed of γδ chains instead of αβ chains. Unlike αβ T cells, γδ T cells display a restricted TCR repertoire and recognize mostly unknown non-peptide antigens. γδ T cells act as a link between innate and adaptive immunity, because they lack precise major histocompatibility complex (MHC) restriction and seize the ability to recognize ligands that are generated during affliction. Skin epidermal γδ T cells recognize antigen expressed by damaged or stressed keratinocytes and play an indispensable role in tissue homeostasis and repair through secretion of distinct growth factors. γδ T cell based immunotherapy strategies possess great prominence in the treatment because of the property of their MHC-independent cytotoxicity, copious amount of cytokine release, and a immediate response in infections. Understanding the role of γδ T cells in pathogenic infections, wound healing, autoimmune diseases, and cancer might provide knowledge for the successful treatment of these diseases using γδ T cell based immunotherapy. Enhancing the human Vγ9Vδ2 T cells functions by administration of aminobisphosphonates like zoledronate, pamidronate, and bromohydrin pyrophosphate along with cytokines and monoclonal antibodies shows a hopeful approach for treatment of tumors and infections. The current review summarizes the role of γδ T cells in various human diseases and immunotherapeutic approaches using γδ T cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics and Genomics, Yogi Vemana University , Kadapa , India.
authors.forename: T Sree
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Latha
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Yogi Vemana University , Kadapa , India.
authors.forename: Madhava C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Yogi Vemana University , Kadapa , India.
authors.forename: Prasad V R
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Durbaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Biology, University of Hyderabad , Hyderabad , India ; National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB) , Hyderabad , India.
authors.forename: Aparna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rachamallu
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Biology, University of Hyderabad , Hyderabad , India ; National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB) , Hyderabad , India.
authors.forename: Reddanna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pallu
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics and Genomics, Yogi Vemana University , Kadapa , India.
authors.forename: Dakshayani
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lomada
keywords: autoimmunity; cancer; immunotherapy; pathogenic infections; wound healing; γδ T cells