title: Ultrasound-guided musculoskeletal interventions in American football: 18 years of experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Myotendinous strains, contusions, and hematomas are common injuries in American football. Along with ligament sprains and inflammatory disorders, musculoskeletal injuries often result in lost participation time. This article summarizes 18 years of experience with 128 ultrasound-guided drainages and injections in 69 football players with 88 injuries.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When performed by an operator with sufficient expertise in diagnostic and procedural skills, ultrasound-guided musculoskeletal interventions are minimally invasive, are safe, and can play an integral role in injury management.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr, Rm H-1302F, Stanford, CA 94305.
authors.forename: Radhika B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Dave
authors.forename: Kathryn J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Stevens
authors.forename: Giri M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Shivaram
authors.forename: Timothy R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: McAdams
authors.forename: Michael F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Dillingham
authors.forename: Christopher F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Beaulieu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D004322:Drainage / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005538:Football / Q000293:injuries* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data* / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D007270:Injections, Intra-Articular / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007596:Joints / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional / Q000706:statistics & numerical data* / Q000639:trends; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: MRI; athletic injury; biologic therapy; contusion; corticosteroids; drainage; football; hematoma; injection; intervention; muscle strain; musculoskeletal; sports; ultrasound