title: In vivo optical imaging of matrix metalloproteinase activity detects acute and chronic contact hypersensitivity reactions and enables monitoring of the antiinflammatory effects of N-acetylcysteine.
abstract: The aim of this study was to determine whether the severity of contact hypersensitivity reactions (CHSRs) can be observed by noninvasive in vivo optical imaging of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity and whether this is an appropriate tool for monitoring an antiinflammatory effect. Acute and chronic CHSRs were elicited by application of a 1% trinitrochlorobenzene (TNCB) solution for up to five times on the right ear of TNCB-sensitized mice. N-Acetylcysteine (NAC)-treated and sham-treated mice were monitored by measuring ear swelling and optical imaging of MMP activity. In addition, we performed hematoxylin-eosin staining and CD31 immunohistochemistry for histopathologic analysis of the antiinflammatory effects of NAC. The ear thickness and the MMP activity increased in line with the increasing severity of the CHSR. MMP activity was enhanced 2.5- to 2.7-fold during acute CHSR and 3.1- to 4.1-fold during chronic CHSR. NAC suppressed ear swelling and MMP signal intensity in mice with acute and chronic CHSR. During chronic CHSR, the vessel density was significantly reduced in ear sections derived from NAC-treated compared to sham-treated mice. In vivo optical imaging of MMP activity measures acute and chronic CHSR and is useful to monitor antiinflammatory effects.
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schwenck
authors.forename: Christoph M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Griessinger
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fuchs
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bukala
authors.forename: Nadine
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eichner
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Röcken
authors.forename: Bernd J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Pichler
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kneilling
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D017449:Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004423:Ear / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010853:Picryl Chloride / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases; D000111:Acetylcysteine; D010853:Picryl Chloride