title: Peripheral venous malformations with a dominant outflow vein: results of ethanol embolization.
abstract: Venous malformations are the most common form of symptomatic vascular malformations. VM s could classify into low-flow lesions (VMs) and high-flow lesions (AVMs). For low-flow venous lesions, direct percutaneous puncture with injection of sclerosing agents (sclerotherapy) has been described as a successful therapy. In this article, we want to introduce a patient who treated with ethanol sclerotherapy for VM located in the right flank. The patients were a 35-year-old man with right flank mass, skin discoloration and hemorrhagic foci. Color Doppler ultrasonography showed low flow vascular malformation while Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) showed that the mass contained fat tissue with branching tubular signal void structures inside. The draining vein was first coiled via tortuous venous malformation vessels access and then VM was embolized.Under ultrasonographic guide, direct puncture of one branches of venous malformation was performed, and contrast media were injected. The patient underwent the sclerotherapy every month for four consecutive months. The patient was followed up for a year, and clinical examination revealed 40-50% size reduction of the lesion while no bleeding was detected from the lesion during the follow-up period. Sclerotherapy with ethanol is a useful method for embolizing VMs.
authors.affiliation: Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center (ADIR), Imaging Medical Center, Imam Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. hadirokni@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Hadi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rokni-Yazdi
authors.affiliation: Brain and Spinal Injury Repair Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. m.ghajarzadeh@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mahsa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ghajarzadeh
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. m.ghajarzadeh@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Amir Hossein
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Keyvan
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. m.ghajarzadeh@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mohammad Javad
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Namavar
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. m.ghajarzadeh@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sepehr
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Azizi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D012597:Sclerosing Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015911:Sclerotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D054079:Vascular Malformations / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D012597:Sclerosing Solutions; D000431:Ethanol