title: Development and evaluation of a pilot nurse case management model to address multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and HIV in South Africa.
abstract: METHODS
  Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) unit in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To develop and evaluate a nurse case management model and intervention using the tenets of the Chronic Care Model to manage treatment for MDR-TB patients with a high prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  A quasi-experimental pilot programme utilizing a nurse case manager to manage care for 40 hospitalized MDR-TB patients, 70% HIV co-infected, during the intensive phase of MDR-TB treatment. Patients were followed for six months to compare proximal outcomes identified in the model between the pre- and post-intervention period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The greatest percent differences between baseline and six-month MDR-TB proximal outcomes were seen in the following three areas: baseline symptom evaluation on treatment initiation (95% improvement), baseline and monthly laboratory evaluations completed per guidelines (75% improvement), and adverse drug reactions acted upon by medical and/or nursing intervention (75% improvement).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Improvements were identified in guideline-based treatment and monitoring of adverse drug reactions following implementation of the nurse case management intervention. Further study is required to determine if the intervention introduced in this model will ultimately result in improvements in final MDR-TB treatment outcomes.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jason E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Farley
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America.
authors.forename: Ana M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Katrina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Reiser
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America; Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kub
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jeane G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.affiliation: Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Louise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Walshe
authors.affiliation: Tuberculosis Epidemiology and Intervention Research Unit, Medical Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa.
authors.forename: Martie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Van der Walt
mesh_terms: D019090:Case Management / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000592:standards; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D016294:Models, Nursing; D009726:Nurses / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards; D010865:Pilot Projects; D013019:South Africa; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000628:therapy*