title: Structural mechanisms of RNA recognition: sequence-specific and non-specific RNA-binding proteins and the Cas9-RNA-DNA complex.
abstract: RNA-binding proteins play crucial roles in RNA processing and function as regulators of gene expression. Recent studies have defined the structural basis for RNA recognition by diverse RNA-binding motifs. While many RNA-binding proteins recognize RNA sequence non-specifically by associating with 5' or 3' RNA ends, sequence-specific recognition by RNA-binding proteins is typically achieved by combining multiple modular domains to form complex binding surfaces. In this review, we present examples of structures from different classes of RNA-binding proteins, identify the mechanisms utilized by them to target specific RNAs, and describe structural principles of how protein-protein interactions affect RNA recognition specificity. We also highlight the structural mechanism of sequence-dependent and -independent interactions in the Cas9-RNA-DNA complex.
authors.affiliation: Roche Innovation Center Shanghai, 720 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China, ting.ban@roche.com.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ban
authors.forename: Jian-Kang
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Karsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Melcher
authors.forename: H Eric
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D064130:CRISPR-Associated Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008958:Models, Molecular; D054730:Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs; D060066:Protein Interaction Maps; D012313:RNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D064130:CRISPR-Associated Proteins; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D012313:RNA; D004247:DNA