title: Chitosan-based nanoparticles for mucosal delivery of RNAi therapeutics.
abstract: RNA interference (RNAi) gene silencing by small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) offers a potent and highly specific therapeutic strategy; however, enabling technologies that overcome extracellular and intracellular barriers are required. Polycation-based nanoparticles (termed polyplexes) composed of the polysaccharide chitosan have been used to facilitate delivery of siRNA across mucosal surfaces following local administration. This chapter describes the mucosal barriers that need to be addressed in order to design an effective mucosal delivery strategy and the utilization of the mucoadhesive properties of chitosan. Focus is given to preparation methods and the preclinical application of chitosan nanoparticles for respiratory and oral delivery of siRNA.
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Alina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martirosyan
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Morten Jarlstad
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Olesen
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Kenneth A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Howard
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D048271:Chitosan / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D020868:Gene Silencing; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000187:drug effects*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D011073:Polyamines; D000071228:Polyelectrolytes; D034622:RNA Interference; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D048271:Chitosan; D035683:MicroRNAs; D011073:Polyamines; D000071228:Polyelectrolytes; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering
keywords: Chitosan; Mucosal delivery; Nanoparticles; Polyplex; RNA interference; Small interfering RNA