title: Diabetic autonomic neuropathy.
abstract: Diabetes mellitus is the commonest cause of an autonomic neuropathy in the developed world. Diabetic autonomic neuropathy causes a constellation of symptoms and signs affecting cardiovascular, urogenital, gastrointestinal, pupillomotor, thermoregulatory, and sudomotor systems. Several discrete syndromes associated with diabetes cause autonomic dysfunction. The most prevalent of these are: generalized diabetic autonomic neuropathy, autonomic neuropathy associated with the prediabetic state, treatment-induced painful and autonomic neuropathy, and transient hypoglycemia-associated autonomic neuropathy. These autonomic manifestations of diabetes are responsible for the most troublesome and disabling features of diabetic peripheral neuropathy and result in a significant proportion of the mortality and morbidity associated with the disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: rfreeman@bidmc.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Roy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Freeman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001342:Autonomic Nervous System Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D003929:Diabetic Neuropathies / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans
keywords: Autonomic; cardiac autonomic neuropathy; diabetic neuropathy; hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure; orthostatic hypotension; parasympathetic; sympathetic; treatment-induced neuropathy