title: In vivo bioimaging analysis of stromal vascular fraction-assisted fat grafting: the interaction and mutualism of cells and grafted fat.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Unpredictable survival rate of transplanted fat is an obstacle in application of fat grafting. Although recent researches have suggested that adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) could promote grafted fat survival, there has been seldom reports on tracing the dynamic change of grafted fat in vivo and on discussing interaction between transplanted SVFs and surrounding fat graft.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fat tissue and SVF separated from luciferase (Luc)-transgenic rats were applied for bioimaging analysis. The Luc-fat (0.2 mL) was subcutaneously injected into the back of nude mice with or without SVFs from 0.2 mL wild type rat fat, with bioimaging at 63 days. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to evaluate the structural integrity. Moreover, to evaluate the influence of surrounding fat tissue to transplanted SVFs, Luc-SVFs separated from 0.2 mL luciferase fat were transplanted to evaluate the influence of surrounding fat tissue to transplanted SVFs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The bioimaging results showed that fat tissues transplanted with SVFs had higher survival ratio than those transplanted without SVFs (49.99(5.38)% vs. 32.78(3.32)%; P < 0.001). Stromal vascular fraction-assisted fat grafts had more integral structure and less necrosis cysts. The results showed that, with the existence of grafted fat, transplanted SVF survived for a significantly longer time and could contribute to fat graft survival and regeneration by differentiating into structural cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results showed that SVF-assisted fat graft had significantly higher survival rate than that transplanted alone. Moreover, our research demonstrated that interaction between grafted fat and SVFs was important in SVF's long-term living and differentiation.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. 2 Division of Development of Advanced Treatment, Center for Development of Advanced Medical Technology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan. 3 Address correspondence to: Qing-Feng Li, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai, 200011, China.
authors.forename: Shuang-Bai
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Cheng-An
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Qing-Feng
authors.initials: QF
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000098:blood supply / Q000166:cytology / Q000637:transplantation*; D053687:Adult Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000637:transplantation; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D060833:Cellular Microenvironment; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000502:physiology; D008156:Luciferases / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D055647:Rats, Transgenic; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000637:transplantation
chemical_list: D008156:Luciferases