title: Antifungal compounds produced by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, an endophytic fungus from Michelia champaca.
abstract: In this study, eight endophytic fungi were isolated from the leaves, stems and roots of Michelia champaca. The isolates were screened and evaluated for their antifungal, anticancer and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activities. All of the extracts exhibited potent activity against two evaluated phytopathogenic fungi. Chemical investigation of EtOAc extracts of the endophytic fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides resulted in the isolation of one new compound, 2-phenylethyl 1H-indol-3-yl-acetate (1), and seven known compounds: uracil (2), cyclo-(S*-Pro-S*-Tyr) (3), cyclo-(S*-Pro-S*-Val) (4), 2(2-aminophenyl)acetic acid (5), 2(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetic acid (6), 4-hydroxy- benzamide (7) and 2(2-hydroxyphenyl)acetic acid (8). All of the compound structures were elucidated using 1D and 2D NMR and MS analyses. The antifungal and AChE inhibitory activities of compounds 1-8 were evaluated in vitro. Compound 1 exhibited promising activity against Cladosporium cladosporioides and C. sphaerospermum that was comparable to that of the positive control nystatin.
authors.affiliation: NuBBE - Núcleo de Bioensaios, Biossíntese e Ecofisiologia de Produtos Naturais, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, UNESP, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara-SP 14800-900, Brazil. vanessachapla@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Vanessa Mara
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Chapla
authors.affiliation: NuBBE - Núcleo de Bioensaios, Biossíntese e Ecofisiologia de Produtos Naturais, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, UNESP, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara-SP 14800-900, Brazil. marialuizaze@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Maria Luiza
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Zeraik
authors.affiliation: NuBBE - Núcleo de Bioensaios, Biossíntese e Ecofisiologia de Produtos Naturais, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, UNESP, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara-SP 14800-900, Brazil. ioanlept@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ioanis Hcristos
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Leptokarydis
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 38810-000, Brazil. silvagh@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Geraldo Humberto
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: NuBBE - Núcleo de Bioensaios, Biossíntese e Ecofisiologia de Produtos Naturais, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, UNESP, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara-SP 14800-900, Brazil. bolzaniv@iq.unesp.br.
authors.forename: Vanderlan Silva
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Bolzani
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Botânica, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Fisiologia e Bioquímica, São Paulo-SP, 04301-902, Brazil. marxyoungmc@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Maria Claudia M
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Young
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil. ludwig@dfp.ufla.br.
authors.forename: Ludwig Heinrich
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Pfenning
authors.affiliation: NuBBE - Núcleo de Bioensaios, Biossíntese e Ecofisiologia de Produtos Naturais, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, UNESP, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara-SP 14800-900, Brazil. araujoar@iq.unesp.br.
authors.forename: Angela Regina
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Araújo
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002963:Cladosporium / Q000187:drug effects; D020231:Colletotrichum / Q000737:chemistry*; D005658:Fungi / Q000187:drug effects*; D029562:Magnoliaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D010936:Plant Extracts