title: Lack of association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and cervical human papillomavirus infection in systemic lupus erythematosus.
abstract: Our objective was to evaluate whether vitamin D deficiency is associated with cervical human papilloma virus (HPV) infection in women with SLE. This is a cross-sectional study of 67 women with SLE. A structured questionnaire was administered to ascertain the possible risk factors associated with cervical HPV infection. A gynaecological evaluation and cervical cytology screening were made. HPV detection and genotyping was made by PCR and linear array assay. Serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D levels were quantified by chemiluminescence immunoassay. Mean age and disease duration were 44.8 ± 10.6 and 42.5 ± 11.8 years, respectively. Demographic characteristics were similar in patients with and without deficiency (<20 ng/ml and ≥20 ng/ml). There were 28.4% of women with cervical HPV infection and 68.4% had high-risk HPV infections. Patients with 25 hydroxyvitamin D levels <20 ng/ml had a higher prevalence of cervical HPV infection than those with levels ≥20 ng/ml (30.7% vs. 25.8%; p = 0.72). We found no significant difference when high-risk HPV infection was evaluated (36.8% vs. 31.5%; p = 0.73). In conclusion, women with SLE have a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and cervical HPV infection. However, we found no association between vitamin D deficiency and cervical HPV.
authors.affiliation: Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Research Unit, HGR #36-CIBIOR, IMSS, Puebla, Mexico Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: García-Carrasco
authors.affiliation: Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Research Unit, HGR #36-CIBIOR, IMSS, Puebla, Mexico Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mendoza-Pinto
authors.affiliation: Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Research Unit, HGR #36-CIBIOR, IMSS, Puebla, Mexico.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Munguía-Realpozo
authors.affiliation: Laboratorios Clínicos de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Gallegos
authors.affiliation: Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente (CIBIOR), Molecular Biology and Virology Laboratory, Metepec, Puebla, Mexico.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vallejo-Ruiz
authors.affiliation: Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Medicine School, Research and Posgraduate, Studies Secretary, Puebla, Mexico.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muñoz-Guarneros
authors.affiliation: Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Research Unit, HGR #36-CIBIOR, IMSS, Puebla, Mexico.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Méndez-Martínez
authors.affiliation: Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Research Unit, HGR #36-CIBIOR, IMSS, Puebla, Mexico.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Soto-Santillán
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Virology, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pezzat-Said
authors.affiliation: Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente (CIBIOR), Molecular Biology and Virology Laboratory, Metepec, Puebla, Mexico.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Reyes-Leyva
authors.affiliation: State Research Department, Research Unit, IMSS, Puebla, Mexico.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: López-Colombo
authors.affiliation: Laboratorios Clínicos de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Argüelles
authors.affiliation: Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain rcervera@clinic.cat.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cervera
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000379:methods; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000097:blood* / Q000821:virology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000097:blood*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D002577:Uterine Cervical Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000821:virology*; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000821:virology; D014626:Vaginal Smears / Q000379:methods; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000821:virology; D002578:Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / Q000097:blood / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D
keywords: Cervical human papillomavirus infection; systemic lupus erythematosus; vitamin D