title: Health impact of bioaccessible metal in lip cosmetics to female college students and career women, northeast of China.
abstract: Actual measure-based studies have estimated ingestion rate of moderate and high daily use to female college students and career women in northeast of China. Sequential extraction analyses showed that total bioaccessible metals concentration in lipstick ranged from 2.103 to 31.103 μg/g and in lip balm ranged from 0.100 to 3.716 μg/g. The relationship between total bioaccessible metal concentrations and the cost of lip cosmetics showed a negative correlation. Lead was detected in all 30 products (100%), with an average concentration of 0.346 for lip balm and 0.407 μg/g for lipstick. With the exception of chromium content in three lipsticks, the estimated exposure in female college students and career women to target metals via lipstick and lip balm ingestion (calculated for moderate and high use) were much lower than the acceptable reference limits. The findings strongly emphasize the need to focus on the health risk of lip balm.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, China; Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Environmental Health Sciences Division, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720-7360, USA.
authors.forename: Sa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, China.
authors.forename: Zhaohan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, China.
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, China.
authors.forename: Binyu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, China.
authors.forename: Fuyi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, China. Electronic address: yujief@hit.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yujie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA. Electronic address: bx@umass.edu.
authors.forename: Baoshan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Xing
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002681:China; D002857:Chromium / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D003358:Cosmetics / Q000032:analysis*; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008046:Lip; D008670:Metals / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D013334:Students
chemical_list: D003358:Cosmetics; D008670:Metals; D002857:Chromium
keywords: Bioaccessible metals; Cosmetics; Health risk; Human exposure; Ingestion