title: Fast vaccine design and development based on correlates of protection (COPs).
abstract: New and reemerging infectious diseases call for innovative and efficient control strategies of which fast vaccine design and development represent an important element. In emergency situations, when time is limited, identification and use of correlates of protection (COPs) may play a key role as a strategic tool for accelerated vaccine design, testing, and licensure. We propose that general rules for COP-based vaccine design can be extracted from the existing knowledge of protective immune responses against a large spectrum of relevant viral and bacterial pathogens. Herein, we focus on the applicability of this approach by reviewing the established and up-coming COPs for influenza in the context of traditional and a wide array of new vaccine concepts. The lessons learnt from this field may be applied more generally to COP-based accelerated vaccine design for emerging infections.
authors.affiliation: a National Institute for Public Health and the Environment; Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Cécile
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: van Els
authors.forename: Siri
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mjaaland
authors.forename: Lisbeth
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Næss
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sarkadi
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gonczol
authors.forename: Karen Smith
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Korsholm
authors.forename: Jon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: Jørgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de Jonge
authors.forename: Gideon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kersten
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Warner
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Semper
authors.forename: Corine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kruiswijk
authors.forename: Fredrik
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Oftung
mesh_terms: D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis*; D015195:Drug Design; D055808:Drug Discovery / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D013997:Time Factors; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D015415:Biomarkers; D014765:Viral Vaccines
keywords: COP based vaccine design; correlates of protection; influenza; vaccine development