title: Age at Immigration and Kidney Function among Self-Identified Healthy Africans in the United States.
abstract: Kidney disease disparately affects those of African descent. Age trends have generally been established for kidney function in the overall US population, but the contribution of age at the time of immigration for African immigrants is unknown. To examine the independent and joint effects of age and age at the time of immigration, and kidney function. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated for 93 African immigrants (60 % male; mean age = 33.5). Hierarchical regression and post hoc analyses revealed a significant age × age at the time of immigration interaction after accounting for traditional risk factors among those who immigrated at age ≤21. Younger age at the time of immigration to the US may exacerbate an inverse relationship between age and kidney function in a self-identified healthy African immigrant sample. Investigation of biopsychosocial factors associated with kidney health among African immigrants is warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Howard University, 525 Bryant St., N.W., Room N-179, CB Powell Building, Washington, DC, 20059, USA. Ms.manaali@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Howard University, 525 Bryant St., N.W., Room N-179, CB Powell Building, Washington, DC, 20059, USA.
authors.forename: Denée T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Mwendwa
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
authors.forename: Regina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sims
authors.affiliation: Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Madia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ricks
authors.affiliation: Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Anne E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Sumner
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000367:Age Factors; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D007677:Kidney Function Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014481:United States
keywords: African immigrants; Age at immigration; Estimated glomerular filtration rate; Kidney function