title: Early management of patients with acute heart failure: state of the art and future directions--a consensus document from the SAEM/HFSA acute heart failure working group.
abstract: Heart failure (HF) afflicts nearly 6 million Americans, resulting in 1 million emergency department (ED) visits and over 1 million annual hospital discharges. The majority of inpatient admissions originate in the ED; thus, it is crucial that emergency physicians and other providers involved in early management understand the latest developments in diagnostic testing, therapeutics, and alternatives to hospitalization. This article discusses contemporary ED management as well as the necessary next steps for ED-based acute HF research.
authors.affiliation: The Department of Emergency Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, TN.
authors.forename: Sean P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: Alan B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Storrow
authors.forename: Phillip D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Albert
authors.forename: Javed
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Butler
authors.forename: Justin A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Ezekowitz
authors.forename: G Michael
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Felker
authors.forename: Gregory J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Fermann
authors.forename: Gregg C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Fonarow
authors.forename: Michael M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Givertz
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hiestand
authors.forename: Judd E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Hollander
authors.forename: David E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Lanfear
authors.forename: Peter S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.forename: W Frank
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Peacock
authors.forename: Douglas B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Sawyer
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Teerlink
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Lenihan
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D015415:Biomarkers; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D019468:Disease Management; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D010351:Patient Discharge; D010808:Physical Examination; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D018570:Risk Assessment
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers