title: Harmonization of detailed clinical models with clinical study data standards.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This article is part of the Focus Theme of METHODS of Information in Medicine on "Managing Interoperability and Complexity in Health Systems".
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Data sharing and integration between the clinical research data management system and the electronic health record system remains a challenging issue. To approach the issue, there is emerging interest in utilizing the Detailed Clinical Model (DCM) approach across a variety of contexts. The Intermountain Healthcare Clinical Element Models (CEMs) have been adopted by the Office of the National Coordinator awarded Strategic Health IT Advanced Research Projects for normalization (SHARPn) project for normalizing patient data from the electronic health records (EHR).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of the present study is to describe our preliminary efforts toward harmonization of the SHARPn CEMs with CDISC (Clinical Data Interchange Standards Consortium) clinical study data standards.
  
  
  METHODS
  We were focused on three generic domains: demographics, lab tests, and medications. We performed a panel review on each data element extracted from the CDISC templates and SHARPn CEMs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We have identified a set of data elements that are common to the context of both clinical study and broad secondary use of EHR data and discussed outstanding harmonization issues.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We consider that the outcomes would be useful for defining new requirements for the DCM modeling community and ultimately facilitating the semantic interoperability between systems for both clinical study and broad secondary use domains.
authors.affiliation: Guoqian Jiang, MD, PhD, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA, E-mail: jiang.guoqian@mayo.edu.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Oniki
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Coyle
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bain
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Huff
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Kush
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Chute
mesh_terms: D035843:Biomedical Research; D057286:Electronic Health Records / Q000592:standards; D057208:Health Level Seven; D016247:Information Storage and Retrieval / Q000592:standards*; D011381:Programming Languages; D012660:Semantics
keywords: Clinical Data Interchange Standards Consortium (CDISC); Clinical Information Modeling Initiative (CIMI); Detailed Clinical Model (DCM); clinical study; data standards; electronic health records (EHR)