title: Prevalence and risk factors for cervical neoplasia: a cervical cancer screening program in Beijing.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer and cause of cancer-related death for women worldwide. The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of cervical neoplasia and examine factors associated with high-grade cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) among women taking part in a cervical cancer screening program in Beijing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women aged 25-65 years were screened using the ThinPrep cytologic test and gynecologic examination. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were conducted to investigate factors associated with HSIL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 728,704 women screened, the prevalence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) I, II, III was 50.2, 34.0, and 36.4 per 100,000, respectively. Prevalence of cervical cancer was 12.2 per 100,000. Risk factors for HSIL included being in age group of 46-55 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.07-1.44, compared with the 25-35 age group), bleeding after intercourse (aOR = 2.08, 95% CI: 1.40-3.10), and presence of trichomonas vaginalis infection (aOR = 2.62, 95% CI: 1.35-5.07), cervical inflammation (aOR = 4.22, 95% CI: 3.39-5.26), and genital warts (aOR = 3.89, 95% CI: 2.54-7.70). High education level (college and above compared with junior middle school or lower) was found to be protective (aOR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.37-0.90).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of cervical neoplasia is relatively high in Beijing. Women aged 46-55 years, those with a lower education level, those reporting bleeding after intercourse, and those affected by Trichomonas vaginalis infection, cervical inflammation and genital warts are at higher risk for HSIL. Particular efforts should be made to ensure these women are included in cervical cancer screening programs.
authors.forename: Lixin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Lijuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yanxia
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zihe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. guoxiuh@ccmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiuhua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D014932:Women's Health Services; D002578:Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control