title: Detection of circulatory microRNAs in prostate cancer.
abstract: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancer worldwide and accounts for 14.4 % of all new cancer cases. The clinical outcome and management of PCa can be significantly improved by use of biomarker assays for early detection, prognosis and also for prediction and monitoring of treatment response. MiRNAs are short, endogenous, single-stranded RNA molecules that play important role in regulation of gene expression and can modulate a number of cellular processes. Discovery of miRNAs in circulation has not only facilitated understanding their role in various diseases but also paved new avenues for biomarker discovery due to their ease of access and stability. The fact that a minimally invasive test based on miRNAs profiles can distinguish the presence or absence of disease illustrates immense potential of these molecules as predictive biomarkers.In this chapter, we have summarized the presumed mechanisms of miRNA release into the circulation and systematically summarized the studies of circulatory miRNAs in PCa. Also, we have mainly focused on the methodology of identification of circulatory miRNAs from biofluids.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Chemistry and Physics, Cancer Research Laboratory, University of the District of Columbia, Washington DC, 20008, USA.
authors.forename: Anvesha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Srivastava
authors.forename: Helle
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Goldberger
authors.forename: Zainab
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Afzal
authors.forename: Simeng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suy
authors.forename: Sean P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: Deepak
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kumar
mesh_terms: D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics / Q000652:urine*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics / Q000652:urine*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012015:Reference Standards; D048348:Reverse Transcription; D019914:Taq Polymerase / Q000378:metabolism; D016482:Urinalysis / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs; D019914:Taq Polymerase