title: Physical durability of two types of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) three years after a mass LLIN distribution campaign in Mozambique, 2008-2011.
abstract: We conducted a prospective evaluation to measure the physical durability of two brands of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) distributed during a campaign in 2008 in Nampula Province, Mozambique. Households with LLINs tagged during the campaign (6,000) were geo-located (34%) and a random sample was selected for each of 3 years of follow-up. The LLINs were evaluated in the field and a laboratory for presence of holes and a proportional hole index (pHI) was calculated following the World Health Organization guidelines. We performed 567 interviews (79.0%) and found 75.3% (72.1-78.4%) of households retained at least one LLIN after 3 years; the most common cause of attrition was damage beyond repair (51.0%). Hole damage was evident after 1 year, and increased by year. Olyset had a significantly greater mean number of holes and pHI compared with PermaNet 2.0 brand (all P values ≤ 0.001). Additional information about LLIN durability is recommended to improve malaria control efforts.
authors.affiliation: President's Malaria Initiative, Malaria Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Instituto Nacional da Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique; Programa Nacional de Controlo da Malária, Ministério da Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique; President's Malaria Initiative, Malaria Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; President's Malaria Initiative, Entomology Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Juliette
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.affiliation: President's Malaria Initiative, Malaria Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Instituto Nacional da Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique; Programa Nacional de Controlo da Malária, Ministério da Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique; President's Malaria Initiative, Malaria Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; President's Malaria Initiative, Entomology Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Ana Paula
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Abílio
authors.affiliation: President's Malaria Initiative, Malaria Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Instituto Nacional da Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique; Programa Nacional de Controlo da Malária, Ministério da Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique; President's Malaria Initiative, Malaria Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; President's Malaria Initiative, Entomology Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: do Rosario Pondja
authors.affiliation: President's Malaria Initiative, Malaria Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Instituto Nacional da Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique; Programa Nacional de Controlo da Malária, Ministério da Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique; President's Malaria Initiative, Malaria Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; President's Malaria Initiative, Entomology Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Dulcisária
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Marrenjo
authors.affiliation: President's Malaria Initiative, Malaria Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Instituto Nacional da Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique; Programa Nacional de Controlo da Malária, Ministério da Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique; President's Malaria Initiative, Malaria Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; President's Malaria Initiative, Entomology Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Jacinta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luciano
authors.affiliation: President's Malaria Initiative, Malaria Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Instituto Nacional da Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique; Programa Nacional de Controlo da Malária, Ministério da Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique; President's Malaria Initiative, Malaria Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; President's Malaria Initiative, Entomology Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Guilhermina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.affiliation: President's Malaria Initiative, Malaria Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Instituto Nacional da Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique; Programa Nacional de Controlo da Malária, Ministério da Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique; President's Malaria Initiative, Malaria Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; President's Malaria Initiative, Entomology Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Samira
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sabindy
authors.affiliation: President's Malaria Initiative, Malaria Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Instituto Nacional da Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique; Programa Nacional de Controlo da Malária, Ministério da Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique; President's Malaria Initiative, Malaria Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; President's Malaria Initiative, Entomology Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wolkon
authors.affiliation: President's Malaria Initiative, Malaria Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Instituto Nacional da Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique; Programa Nacional de Controlo da Malária, Ministério da Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique; President's Malaria Initiative, Malaria Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; President's Malaria Initiative, Entomology Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia gcp1@cdc.gov.
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ponce de Leon
authors.affiliation: President's Malaria Initiative, Malaria Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Instituto Nacional da Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique; Programa Nacional de Controlo da Malária, Ministério da Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique; President's Malaria Initiative, Malaria Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; President's Malaria Initiative, Entomology Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Adeline
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: President's Malaria Initiative, Malaria Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Instituto Nacional da Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique; Programa Nacional de Controlo da Malária, Ministério da Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique; President's Malaria Initiative, Malaria Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; President's Malaria Initiative, Entomology Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Jodi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vanden Eng
mesh_terms: D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D057148:Insecticide-Treated Bednets / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000600:supply & distribution; D008288:Malaria / Q000517:prevention & control; D009073:Mozambique / Q000453:epidemiology