title: Idiopathic carotid and coronary vasospasm: A case treated by carotid artery stenting.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We previously reported a case of cerebral infarction complicated by myocardial infarction. The pathogenesis of both infarctions was thought to be vasospasm; thus, we named this condition 'idiopathic carotid and coronary vasospasm'. Various medical treatments for the prevention of carotid vasospasm have been unsuccessfully tried. Thus, other effective treatments should be established for patients who frequently suffer cerebral ischemic attacks.
  
  
  METHODS
  We treated the present case of 'idiopathic carotid and coronary vasospasm' by carotid artery stenting (CAS). The first stenting, of the carotid bifurcation, failed to prevent internal carotid artery (ICA) vasospasm. However, after an additional stent placement to the prepetrous portion, ischemic attacks were dramatically reduced.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The effect of CAS for extracranial ICA vasospasm was dramatic and control of the spasm at the prepetrous portion seems to be essential. Further validation of the effectiveness and safety of CAS for ICA vasospasm will be necessary.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Moriyama Memorial Hospital (M.M.H.), 7-12-7 Nishikasai, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 134-0088, Japan.
authors.forename: Haruko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Moriyama Memorial Hospital (M.M.H.), 7-12-7 Nishikasai, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 134-0088, Japan.
authors.forename: Keizo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Asakuno
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Moriyama Memorial Hospital (M.M.H.), 7-12-7 Nishikasai, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 134-0088, Japan.
authors.forename: Seigo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsuo
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Moriyama Memorial Hospital (M.M.H.), 7-12-7 Nishikasai, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 134-0088, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Moriyama Memorial Hospital (M.M.H.), 7-12-7 Nishikasai, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 134-0088, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shiramizu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Moriyama Memorial Hospital (M.M.H.), 7-12-7 Nishikasai, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 134-0088, Japan.
authors.forename: Kaku
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Niimura
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Moriyama Memorial Hospital (M.M.H.), 7-12-7 Nishikasai, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 134-0088, Japan.
authors.forename: Miki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yuzawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Moriyama Memorial Hospital (M.M.H.), 7-12-7 Nishikasai, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 134-0088, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasumichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamagishi
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Moriyama Memorial Hospital (M.M.H.), 7-12-7 Nishikasai, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 134-0088, Japan.
authors.forename: Takehiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Munakata
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Moriyama Memorial Hospital (M.M.H.), 7-12-7 Nishikasai, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 134-0088, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Moriyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Moriyama Memorial Hospital (M.M.H.), 7-12-7 Nishikasai, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 134-0088, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomokatsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hori
keywords: Carotid vasospasm; carotid stent placement; cerebral infarction; vasospastic angina; young patient