title: A Longitudinal Study of Cognitive Risks for Depressive Symptoms in Children and Young Adolescents.
abstract: Youths with high (N= 52) or low cognitive vulnerability (N= 48) for depression were selected from a larger sample (N= 515) of students (7-10 years old), based on their attributional style (AS), negative cognitions (NC), and/or self-competence (SC). Long-term effects of cognitive vulnerabilities on depressive symptoms were examined in a 3-year, three-wave, multiinformant, longitudinal design. Three findings emerged. First, some empirical overlap exists among these three types of cognitive diatheses, especially between NC and SC. Second, the combination of AS, NC, and SC had a significant (but diminishing) relationship to depressive symptoms at 6, 18, and 30 months, primarily due to NC and SC, not AS. Third, interactions between cognitive risk and life events were not significant, suggesting an additive type of diathesis-stress model for depression in young adolescents.
authors.affiliation: Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN.
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Cole
authors.affiliation: Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN.
authors.forename: Farrah M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Jacquez
authors.affiliation: Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN.
authors.forename: Beth
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: LaGrange
authors.affiliation: Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN.
authors.forename: Ashley Q
authors.initials: AQ
authors.lastname: Pineda
authors.affiliation: Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN.
authors.forename: Alanna E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Truss
authors.affiliation: Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN.
authors.forename: Amy S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Weitlauf
authors.affiliation: Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tilghman-Osborne
authors.affiliation: Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN.
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Felton
authors.affiliation: Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN.
authors.forename: Judy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Garber
authors.affiliation: Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN.
authors.forename: Danielle H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Dallaire
authors.affiliation: Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN.
authors.forename: Jeff A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Ciesla
authors.affiliation: Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN.
authors.forename: Melissa A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Maxwell
authors.affiliation: Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN.
authors.forename: Lynette
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dufton
keywords: attributional style; children; competence; depression; negative cognitions