title: Seasonal survey of contaminants (Cd and Hg) and micronutrients (Cu and Zn) in edible tissues of cephalopods from Tunisia: assessment of risk and nutritional benefits.
abstract: Concentrations of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), mercury (Hg), and zinc (Zn) were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry in the muscle tissues (arms and mantle) of 3 commercial cephalopods (Loligo vulgaris, Octopus vulgaris, and Sepia officinalis) caught in 3 different Tunisian coastal regions. The highest concentrations found correspond to the essential elements Cu and Zn. Octopuses and cuttlefish showed the highest levels of those elements whereas squid presented with significantly higher values of Hg in both muscular tissues. This may be related to different feeding behavior and detoxification processes among benthic and pelagic cephalopods. Variation of element concentrations between seasons was different between species and seemed to be mostly dependent on the sampling site. From a public health standpoint, average concentrations of Cd, Cu, Hg, and Zn measured in edible tissues of cephalopods from this study did not reveal, in general, any risk for consumers. The estimated target hazard quotients for Cd and Hg for consumers of the selected species were below 1 and within the safety range for human health. Moreover, their consumption could provide in an important contribution to the daily dietary intake of Cu for the Tunisian population, especially regarding the consumption of octopus and cuttlefish muscles.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Univ. Campus, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia; Unité de recherche d'Ecophysiologie et de Procédés Agroalimentaires UR11-ES44, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Sidi Thabet (ISBST), Université La Manouba, BiotechPole Sidi Thabet, Sidi Thabet, CP, 2020, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Moncef
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rjeibi
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Metian
authors.forename: Tarek
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hajji
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Guyot
authors.forename: Rafika
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ben Chaouacha-Chekir
authors.forename: Paco
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bustamante
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002104:Cadmium / Q000032:analysis*; D049830:Cephalopoda; D003300:Copper / Q000032:analysis*; D049832:Decapodiformes; D005504:Food Analysis; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D008628:Mercury / Q000032:analysis*; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000032:analysis*; D009753:Nutritive Value; D018570:Risk Assessment; D017747:Seafood / Q000032:analysis; D012621:Seasons; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic; D014416:Tunisia; D015032:Zinc / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D018977:Micronutrients; D002104:Cadmium; D003300:Copper; D008628:Mercury; D015032:Zinc
keywords: DRI; PTWI; Tunisian coast; cephalopods; metals; target hazard quotient