title: Evaluation of hyaluronan gel (Gengigel(®) ) as a topical applicant in the treatment of gingivitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To clinically and histopathologically evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of 0.2% hyaluronan gel alone and with mechanical therapy on gingivitis. The argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region staining technique was attempted to routinely determine its diagnostic and prognostic dependability for periodontal lesions.
  
  
  METHODS
  In each of the 28 gingivitis patients, the four quadrants were subjected to different treatments: scaling, scaling + topical hyaluronan gel, only topical hyaluronan gel, and topical + intrasulcular hyaluronan gel. Clinical parameters were recorded at baseline, and on days 7, 14, and 21. Biopsies were taken from each quadrant, inflammatory infiltrates were graded, and the argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region count was measured before and after treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant reduction was seen in clinical parameters, inflammatory infiltrates, and the argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region count within the groups. The effect of topical + intrasulcular gel was equivalent to scaling (P > 0.05). Topical + intrasulcular hyaluronan gel application demonstrated a better reduction than topical hyaluronan gel alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hyaluronan gel is an effective topical agent for treating gingivitis, along with scaling and intrasulcular application. The argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region count can be used as a histopathological indicator in cases of non-responsive gingivitis to assess the severity of gingival inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, D.A. Pandu Memorial R.V. Dental College and Hospital, Bangalore, India Department of Periodontics, College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, India.
authors.forename: Nadiger
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sapna
authors.forename: Kharidi Laxman
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Vandana
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001706:Biopsy / Q000379:methods; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D012534:Dental Scaling / Q000379:methods; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005888:Gingival Pocket / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007267:Injections; D009697:Nucleolus Organizer Region / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010512:Periodontal Index; D016622:Silver Staining; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid
keywords: argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region; inflammatory infiltrate; plaque-induced gingivitis; scaling; topical hyaluronan gel