title: A cloud-based car parking middleware for IoT-based smart cities: design and implementation.
abstract: This paper presents the generic concept of using cloud-based intelligent car parking services in smart cities as an important application of the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm. This type of services will become an integral part of a generic IoT operational platform for smart cities due to its pure business-oriented features. A high-level view of the proposed middleware is outlined and the corresponding operational platform is illustrated. To demonstrate the provision of car parking services, based on the proposed middleware, a cloud-based intelligent car parking system for use within a university campus is described along with details of its design, implementation, and operation. A number of software solutions, including Kafka/Storm/Hbase clusters, OSGi web applications with distributed NoSQL, a rule engine, and mobile applications, are proposed to provide 'best' car parking service experience to mobile users, following the Always Best Connected and best Served (ABC&amp;S) paradigm.
authors.affiliation: Telecommunications Research Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland. Zhanlin.Ji@ul.ie.
authors.forename: Zhanlin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Telecommunications Research Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland. Ivan.Ganchev@ul.ie.
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ganchev
authors.affiliation: Telecommunications Research Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland. Mairtin.ODroma@ul.ie.
authors.forename: Máirtín
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: O'Droma
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Information Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100080, China. Zhaoli@tsinghua.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100080, China. Zhangxueji@ustb.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xueji
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang