title: Management of a patient with patellofemoral pain syndrome using neuromuscular training in decreasing medial collapse: a case report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Medial collapse has been reported to increase patellofemoral stresses. This case describes the examination and treatment of a patient with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS), displaying medial collapse during functional activities. The purpose of this case is twofold: (1) to describe a clinical movement pattern assessment using a 2-dimensional (2D) assessment; and (2) to describe a clinical neuromuscular training program focused on optimal movement patterns.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 19-year-old female diagnosed with PFPS. Initially, the patient exhibited medial collapse. A treatment approach focused on optimization of functional movement patterns to correct medial collapse through visual input and neuromuscular training was implemented. Interventions focused on correction of faulty movement patterns.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After four sessions over 3 weeks, the patient reported cessation of pain and displayed an improved movement pattern without medial collapse during functional activities. Discussion and evidence-based recommendations: The clinical assessment of medial collapse utilized was novel, and a successful outcome with minimal visits was achieved for a patient with PFPS. Further research to establish the reliability and validity of the 2D evaluation method of medial collapse and optimum alignment training for patients with PFPS is necessary.
authors.affiliation: Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Saint Louis University , St. Louis, MO , USA and.
authors.forename: Barb
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yemm
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Krause
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000503:physiopathology; D046788:Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D010808:Physical Examination; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: 2D frontal plane analysis; knee medial collapse; neuromuscular training; patellofemoral pain