title: Integrated Testing Strategies (ITS) for safety assessment.
abstract: Integrated testing strategies (ITS), as opposed to single definitive tests or fixed batteries of tests, are expected to efficiently combine different information sources in a quantifiable fashion to satisfy an information need, in this case for regulatory safety assessments. With increasing awareness of the limitations of each individual tool and the development of highly targeted tests and predictions, the need for combining pieces of evidence increases. The discussions that took place during this workshop, which brought together a group of experts coming from different related areas, illustrate the current state of the art of ITS, as well as promising developments and identifiable challenges. The case of skin sensitization was taken as an example to understand how possible ITS can be constructed, optimized and validated. This will require embracing and developing new concepts such as adverse outcome pathways (AOP), advanced statistical learning algorithms and machine learning, mechanistic validation and "Good ITS Practices".
authors.affiliation: CAAT Europe, University of Konstanz, Germany.
authors.forename: Costanza
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authors.lastname: Rovida
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authors.lastname: Alépée
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authors.lastname: Api
authors.forename: David A
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authors.lastname: Basketter
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authors.forename: Francesca
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authors.lastname: Caloni
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authors.lastname: Corsini
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authors.lastname: Hayden
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authors.lastname: Hegele-Hartung
authors.forename: Sebastian
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authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.forename: Bruno
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authors.lastname: Hubesch
authors.forename: Miriam N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jaworska
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kleensang
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kleinstreuer
authors.forename: Jon
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authors.lastname: Lalko
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Landsiedel
authors.forename: Frédéric
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authors.lastname: Lebreux
authors.forename: Thomas
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authors.lastname: Luechtefeld
authors.forename: Monica
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authors.lastname: Locatelli
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mehling
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Natsch
authors.forename: Jonathan W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Pitchford
authors.forename: Donald
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Prater
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Prieto
authors.forename: Andreas
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authors.lastname: Schepky
authors.forename: Gerrit
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authors.lastname: Schüürmann
authors.forename: Lena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Smirnova
authors.forename: Colleen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Toole
authors.forename: Erwin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: van Vliet
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Weisensee
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hartung
mesh_terms: D000826:Animal Testing Alternatives; D000818:Animals; D005060:Europe; D006801:Humans; D018570:Risk Assessment; D018675:Toxicity Tests / Q000379:methods*