title: The global burden of myocarditis: part 1: a systematic literature review for the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors 2010 study.
abstract: Myocarditis contributes to the global burden of cardiovascular disease primarily through sudden death and dilated cardiomyopathy. A systematic approach to identify the cardiovascular mortality and major morbidity attributable to myocarditis has not been performed. A writing group convened by the GBD 2010 (Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries and Risk Factors) Study systematically reviewed the world's literature by a manual review of all titles since 1966 on myocarditis identified using Ovid Medline, development of a disease model, and provision of estimates when possible of the incidence, prevalence, risk of death, and major morbidity for the world regions. Accurate population-based estimates of myocarditis incidence and prevalence are not directly available in any world region. However, a model that quantitates the risk of acute death and chronic heart failure following myocarditis was derived from the published data. Using hospital dismissal data, the burden of myocarditis as a percentage of prevalent heart failure varied by age and region from approximately 0.5% to 4.0%. The novel combination of multiple data sources may provide an estimate of the years of life lost and years of life disabled from myocarditis. Pending the integration of these data sources, the burden of dilated cardiomyopathy and myocarditis were reported together in the 2010 GBD report. The 2013 GBD project may refine these estimates with the inclusion of more comprehensive payor databases and more precise case definitions.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. Electronic address: cooper.leslie@mayo.edu.
authors.forename: Leslie T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.affiliation: Center for Heart Failure & Heart Muscle Diseases, Hadassah-Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Andre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Keren
authors.affiliation: Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sliwa
authors.affiliation: Non-Profit Organization Asian Pacific Society of Cardiology, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matsumori
authors.affiliation: Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science (CTRIS), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: George A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Mensah
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002423:Cause of Death; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017281:Cost of Illness; D005260:Female; D014943:Global Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016027:Heart Transplantation / Q000401:mortality / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009205:Myocarditis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology*; D055815:Young Adult