title: PSMA-targeting iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles enhance MRI of preclinical prostate cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the potential of newly-developed, biocompatible iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) conjugated with J591, an antibody to an extracellular epitope of PSMA, to enhance MRI of prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Specific binding to PSMA by J591-MNP was investigated in vitro. MRI studies were performed on orthotopic tumor-bearing NOD.SCID mice 2 h and 24 h after intravenous injection of J591-MNPs, or non-targeting MNPs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In vitro, MNPs did not affect prostate cancer cell viability, and conjugation to J591 did not compromise antibody specificity and enhanced cellular iron uptake. Magnetic resonance contrast of tumors was increased in vivo using PSMA-targeting MNPs, but not by non-targeting MNPs. This provides proof-of-concept that PSMA-targeting MNPs have potential to enhance magnetic resonance detection/localization of prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Brian Wan-Chi
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Tse
authors.forename: Gary J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Cowin
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Soekmadji
authors.forename: Lidija
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jovanovic
authors.forename: Raja S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Vasireddy
authors.forename: Ming-Tat
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Ling
authors.forename: Aparajita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khatri
authors.forename: Tianqing
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Thierry
authors.forename: Pamela J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Russell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000032:analysis*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003287:Contrast Media; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D043425:Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D008297:Male; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D016513:Mice, SCID; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D000954:Antigens, Surface; D003287:Contrast Media; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; C000499:ferric oxide; C473848:FOLH1 protein, human; D043425:Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II
keywords: MRI; cancer imaging; iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs); prostate cancer; prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA); targeted imaging; targeted nanoparticles