title: Nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics insights into diabetes etiopathogenesis.
abstract: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered a global pandemic, and the incidence of DM continues to grow worldwide. Nutrients and dietary patterns are central issues in the prevention, development and treatment of this disease. The pathogenesis of DM is not completely understood, but nutrient-gene interactions at different levels, genetic predisposition and dietary factors appear to be involved. Nutritional genomics studies generally focus on dietary patterns according to genetic variations, the role of gene-nutrient interactions, gene-diet-phenotype interactions and epigenetic modifications caused by nutrients; these studies will facilitate an understanding of the early molecular events that occur in DM and will contribute to the identification of better biomarkers and diagnostics tools. In particular, this approach will help to develop tailored diets that maximize the use of nutrients and other functional ingredients present in food, which will aid in the prevention and delay of DM and its complications. This review discusses the current state of nutrigenetics, nutrigenomics and epigenomics research on DM. Here, we provide an overview of the role of gene variants and nutrient interactions, the importance of nutrients and dietary patterns on gene expression, how epigenetic changes and micro RNAs (miRNAs) can alter cellular signaling in response to nutrients and the dietary interventions that may help to prevent the onset of DM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Stem Cells, Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University Pablo Olavide (CABIMER-UPO), Seville 41091, Spain. gberamo@upo.es.
authors.forename: Genoveva
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Berná
authors.affiliation: Department of Stem Cells, Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University Pablo Olavide (CABIMER-UPO), Seville 41091, Spain. mjolilop@upo.es.
authors.forename: María Jesús
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Oliveras-López
authors.affiliation: Department of Stem Cells, Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University Pablo Olavide (CABIMER-UPO), Seville 41091, Spain. ejurrui@upo.es.
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jurado-Ruíz
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain. juan.tejedo@cabimer.es.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tejedo
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain. fbedber@upo.es.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bedoya
authors.affiliation: Department of Stem Cells, Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University Pablo Olavide (CABIMER-UPO), Seville 41091, Spain. bernat.soria@cabimer.es.
authors.forename: Bernat
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Soria
authors.affiliation: Department of Stem Cells, Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University Pablo Olavide (CABIMER-UPO), Seville 41091, Spain. fmarber@upo.es.
authors.forename: Franz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Martín
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D004032:Diet; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D015870:Gene Expression; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D054647:Nutrigenomics
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs