title: Sensitivity of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) to several new insecticides in China: effects of insecticide type and whitefly species, strain, and stage.
abstract: Whitefly biotypes B and Q are the two most damaging members of the Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) species complex. Control of B. tabaci (and especially of Q) has been impaired by resistance to commonly used insecticides. To find new insecticides for B. tabaci management in China, we investigated the sensitivity of eggs, larvae, and adults of laboratory strains of B and Q (named Lab-B and Lab-Q) and field strains of Q to several insecticides. For eggs, larvae, and adults of B. tabaci and for six insecticides (cyantraniliprole, chlorantraniliprole, pyriproxyfen, buprofezin, acetamiprid, and thiamethoxam), LC50 values were higher for Lab-Q than for Lab-B; avermectin LC50 values, however, were low for adults of both Lab-Q and Lab-B. Based on the laboratory results, insecticides were selected to test against eggs, larvae, and adults of four field strains of B. tabaci Q. Although the field strains differed in their sensitivity to the insecticides, the eggs and larvae of all strains were highly sensitive to cyantraniliprole, and the adults of all strains were highly sensitive to avermectin. The eggs, larvae, and adults of B. tabaci Q were generally more resistant than those of B. tabaci B to the tested insecticides. B. tabaci Q eggs and larvae were sensitive to cyantraniliprole and pyriproxyfen, whereas B. tabaci Q adults were sensitive to avermectin. Field trials should be conducted with cyantraniliprole, pyriproxyfen, and avermectin for control of B. tabaci Q and B in China.
authors.affiliation: *These authors contributed equally to this work.
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: *These authors contributed equally to this work.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this work.
authors.forename: Shaoli
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this work.
authors.forename: Qingjun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this work.
authors.forename: Huipeng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this work.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this work.
authors.forename: Litao
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this work zhangyoujun@caas.cn.
authors.forename: Youjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002681:China; D006430:Hemiptera / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D007305:Insecticide Resistance; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009758:Nymph / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D010063:Ovum / Q000187:drug effects; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides
keywords: Bemisia tabaci; avermectin; cyantraniliprole; developmental stage; insecticide resistance