title: Possible involvement of convergent nociceptive input to medullary dorsal horn neurons in intraoral hyperalgesia following peripheral nerve injury.
abstract: Previous studies demonstrated that the number of c-Fos protein-like immunoreactive (c-Fos-IR) neurons in the medullary dorsal horn (MDH) evoked by noxious stimulation was increased after peripheral nerve injury, and such increase has been proposed to reflect the development of neuropathic pain state. The aim of this study was to examine the MDH for convergent collateral primary afferent input to second order neurons deafferented by peripheral nerve injury, and to explore a possibility of its contribution to the c-Fos hyperinducibility. Double immunofluorescence labeling for c-Fos and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK) was performed to detect convergent synaptic input. c-Fos expression and the phosphorylation of ERK were induced by the intraoral application of capsaicin and by electrical stimulation of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN), respectively. The number of c-Fos-IR neurons in the MDH induced by the intraoral application of capsaicin was increased after IAN injury, whereas the number of p-ERK immunoreactive neurons remained unchanged. The number of double-labeled neurons, that presumably received convergent primary afferent input from the lingual nerve and the IAN, was significantly increased after IAN injury. These results indicated that convergent primary nociceptive input through neighboring intact nerves may contribute to the c-Fos hyperinducibility in the MDH and the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain following trigeminal nerve injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Function and Anatomy, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan. ryujit@md.okayama-u.ac.jp.|Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Okayama University Dental School, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan. ryujit@md.okayama-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Ryuji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Terayama
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Function and Anatomy, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan.|ASAHI Medical College at Okayama, Okayama, 700-0028, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsuchiya
authors.affiliation: ASAHI Medical College at Okayama, Okayama, 700-0028, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Omura
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Function and Anatomy, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan.|Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Okayama University Dental School, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan.
authors.forename: Kotaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maruhama
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan.|Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Okayama University Dental School, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahide
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mizutani
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan.|Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Okayama University Dental School, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan.
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iida
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Function and Anatomy, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan.|Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Okayama University Dental School, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomosada
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002211:Capsaicin / Q000633:toxicity; D006930:Hyperalgesia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008526:Medulla Oblongata / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D009055:Mouth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000294:innervation / Q000473:pathology*; D009619:Nociceptors / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000187:drug effects / Q000379:methods; D059348:Peripheral Nerve Injuries / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology*; D020671:Posterior Horn Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D002211:Capsaicin