title: DI-ICR-FT-MS-based high-throughput deep metabotyping: a case study of the Caenorhabditis elegans-Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection model.
abstract: In metabolomics there is an ever-growing need for faster and more comprehensive analysis methods to cope with the increasing size of biological studies. Direct-infusion ion-cyclotron-resonance Fourier-transform spectrometry (DI-ICR-FT-MS) is used in non-targeted metabolomics to obtain high-resolution snapshots of the metabolic state of a system. We applied this technology to a Caenorhabditis elegans-Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection model and optimized times needed for cultivation and mass-spectrometric analysis. Our results reveal that DI-ICR-FT-MS is a promising tool for high-throughput in-depth non-targeted metabolomics. We performed whole-worm metabolomics and recovered markers of the induced metabolic changes in C. elegans brought about by interaction with pathogens. In this investigation, we reveal complex metabolic phenotypes enabling clustering based upon challenge. Specifically, we observed a marked decrease in amino-acid metabolism with infection by P. aeruginosa and a marked increase in sugar metabolism with infection by Salmonella enterica. We were also able to discriminate between infection with a virulent wild-type Pseudomonas and with an attenuated mutant, making it possible to use this method in larger genetic screens to identify host and pathogen effectors affecting the metabolic phenotype of infection.
authors.affiliation: Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany, michael.witting@helmholtz-muenchen.de.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Witting
authors.forename: Marianna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lucio
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tziotis
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wägele
authors.forename: Karsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suhre
authors.forename: Romé
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Voulhoux
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Garvis
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schmitt-Kopplin
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D057166:High-Throughput Screening Assays; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000472:pathogenicity; D012480:Salmonella Infections / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D019779:Salmonella enterica / Q000472:pathogenicity
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D005947:Glucose