title: A new spectrometer design for the x-ray spectroscopy of laser-produced plasmas with high (sub-ns) time resolution.
abstract: This paper describes a new type of x-ray crystal spectrometer, which can be used in combination with gated x-ray detectors to obtain spectra from laser-produced plasmas with a high (sub-ns) time resolution. The spectrometer consists of a convex, spherically bent crystal, which images individual spectral lines as perfectly straight lines across multiple, sequentially gated, strip detectors. Since the Bragg-reflected rays are divergent, the distance between detector and crystal is arbitrary, so that this distance can be appropriately chosen to optimize the experimental arrangement with respect to the detector parameters. The spectrometer concept was verified in proof-of-principle experiments by imaging the Lβ1- and Lβ2-lines of tungsten, at 9.6735 and 9.96150 keV, from a micro-focus x-ray tube with a tungsten target onto a two-dimensional pixilated Pilatus detector, using a convex, spherically bent Si-422 crystal with a radius of curvature of 500 mm.
authors.affiliation: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bitter
authors.affiliation: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA.
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.affiliation: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA.
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Efthimion
authors.affiliation: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Delgado-Aparicio
authors.affiliation: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pablant
authors.affiliation: Department of Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Physics Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Beiersdorfer
authors.affiliation: Physics Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen