title: The melanoma revolution: from UV carcinogenesis to a new era in therapeutics.
abstract: Melanoma, the deadliest form of skin cancer, is an aggressive disease that is rising in incidence. Although melanoma is a historically treatment-resistant malignancy, in recent years unprecedented breakthroughs in targeted therapies and immunotherapies have revolutionized the standard of care for patients with advanced disease. Here, we provide an overview of recent developments in our understanding of melanoma risk factors, genomics, and molecular pathogenesis and how these insights have driven advances in melanoma treatment. In addition, we review benefits and limitations of current therapies and look ahead to continued progress in melanoma prevention and therapy. Remarkable achievements in the field have already produced a paradigm shift in melanoma treatment: Metastatic melanoma, once considered incurable, can now be treated with potentially curative rather than palliative intent.
authors.affiliation: Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology and MGH Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.affiliation: Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology and MGH Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA. dfisher3@partners.org.
authors.forename: David E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Fisher
mesh_terms: D063646:Carcinogenesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D017277:Drug Approval; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D008544:Melanocytes / Q000473:pathology*; D008545:Melanoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009154:Mutation; D009381:Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D013472:Sunlight; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects