title: Effect of sintering atmosphere on properties of porous stainless steel for biomedical applications.
abstract: This study discusses manufacturing of metallic biomaterials by means of powder metallurgy with consideration for their unquestionable advantages, i.e. opportunities of obtaining materials with controllable porosity. The paper focuses on properties of 316 L stainless steel obtained using the method of powder metallurgy with respect to compacting pressure and sintering atmosphere. All the specimens were compacted at 700, 400 and 225 MPa, and sintered at 1250 °C. In order to analyze the sintering atmosphere, three different media were used: dissociated ammonia, hydrogen and vacuum. The study covered sintering density, porosity, microstructure analysis and corrosion resistance. The proposed method of powder metallurgy allowed for obtaining materials with predictable size and distribution of pores, depending on the parameters of sinter preparation (compaction force, sinter atmosphere). High corrosion resistance of the materials (sintering in the atmosphere of hydrogen and in vacuum) and high porosity in the sinters studied offer opportunities for using them for medical purposes.
authors.affiliation: Technical University of Czestochowa, Materials Engineering, Poland. dudek@wip.pcz.pl
authors.forename: Agata
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dudek
authors.affiliation: Technical University of Czestochowa, Department of Energy Engineering, Poland.
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Włodarczyk
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000737:chemistry; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D003343:Corrosion; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000737:chemistry; D008422:Materials Testing; D016062:Porosity; D011312:Pressure; D012464:Saliva, Artificial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D013193:Stainless Steel / Q000737:chemistry*; D014618:Vacuum
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D012464:Saliva, Artificial; D013193:Stainless Steel; D000641:Ammonia; D006859:Hydrogen