title: Ternary composite scaffolds with tailorable degradation rate and highly improved colonization by human bone marrow stromal cells.
abstract: Poly(ε-caprolactone), PCL, is of great interest for fabrication of biodegradable scaffolds due to its high compatibility with various manufacturing techniques, especially Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM). However, slow degradation and low strength make application of PCL limited only to longer-term bioresorbable and non-load bearing implants. To overcome latter drawbacks, ternary PCL-based composite fibrous scaffolds consisting of 70-95 wt % PCL, 5 wt % Tricalcium Phosphate (TCP) and 0-25 wt % poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) were fabricated using FDM. In the present study, the effect of composition of the scaffolds on their mechanical properties, degradation kinetics, and surface properties (wettability, surface energy, and roughness) was investigated and correlated with response of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (HBMC). The presence of PLGA increased degradation kinetics, surface roughness and significantly improved scaffold colonization. Of the evaluated surface properties only the wettability was correlated with the surface area colonized by HBMC. This study demonstrates that introduction of PLGA into PCL-TCP binary composite could largely abolish the disadvantages of the PCL matrix and improve biocompatibility by increasing wettability and polar interactions rather than surface roughness. Additionally, we showed great potential of multicellular spheroids as a sensitive in vitro tool for detection of differences in chemistry of 3D scaffolds.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 02-507, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Idaszek
authors.affiliation: Materials Meet Life, Materials-Biology Interactions Laboratory, EMPA, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St., Gallen, Switzerland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bruinink
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 02-507, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Święszkowski
mesh_terms: D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D013499:Surface Properties; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D014867:Water
keywords: free form fabrication; mechanical properties; mesenchymal stem cell; polycaprolactone; surface characterization