title: Antimicrobial activity of plant extracts against sexually transmitted pathogens.
abstract: Comprehensive management of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) using vaginal or rectal microbicide-based intervention is one of the strategies for prevention of HIV infection. Herbal products have been used for treating STIs traditionally. Herein, we present in vitro activity of 10 plant extracts and their 34 fractions against three sexually transmitted/reproductive tract pathogens - Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Haemophilus ducreyi and Candida albicans. The plant parts were selected; the extracts/fractions were prepared and screened by disc diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory and minimum cidal concentrations were determined. The qualitative phytochemical analysis of selected extracts/fractions showing activity was performed. Of the extracts/fractions tested, three inhibited C. albicans, ten inhibited N. gonorrhoeae and five inhibited H. ducreyi growth. Our study demonstrated that Terminalia paniculata Roth. extracts/fractions inhibited growth of all three organisms. The ethyl acetate fraction of Syzygium cumini Linn. and Bridelia retusa (L.) Spreng. extracts was found to inhibit N. gonorrhoeae at lowest concentrations.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Virology , National AIDS Research Institute , Pune , India.
authors.forename: Nutan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jadhav
authors.forename: Sangeeta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
authors.forename: Arati
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mane
authors.forename: Roshan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
authors.forename: Aparna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Palshetker
authors.forename: Kamalinder
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Swati
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Joshi
authors.forename: Arun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Risbud
authors.forename: Smita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects*; D006191:Haemophilus ducreyi / Q000187:drug effects*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009344:Neisseria gonorrhoeae / Q000187:drug effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D027842:Syzygium / Q000737:chemistry; D029766:Terminalia / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Candida albicans; Haemophilus ducreyi; Neisseria gonorrhoeae; anti-STI activity; microbicide; plant extracts/fractions