title: Differentiation of peripheral nerve functions and properties with spectral analysis and Karnovsky-Roots staining: a preliminary study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to explore the possibility for analyzing and differentiating between motor and sensory functions of peripheral nerve axons using spectral technology.
  
  
  METHODS
  10 μm slide section of S1 anterior and posterior rabbit spinal nerve roots were made and then stained with Karnovsky-Roots method for molecular hyperspectral imaging microscopy analysis. In addition, Raman spectra data of nerve axons on each slide was collected after Karnovsky-Roots staining for 30 minutes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Motor axons were differentiated from sensory axons in a nerve axon section hyperspectral image via Spectral angle mapper algorithm. Raman scatterings could be detected near 2110 cm(-1), and 2155 cm(-1) in motor axons after Karnvosky-Roots staining. The value of I2100/I1440 in motor axons are significantly different (P0.001) than in sensory axons after staining for 30 minutes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Motor and sensory nerve axons can be differentiated from their counterparts in 30 minutes by using Raman micro-spectroscopy analysis assisted with Karnovsky-Roots staining.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Qintong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Zenggan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Qiong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Haifei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Center of Analysis and Measurement, Fudan University Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Wenhua
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Center of Analysis and Measurement, Fudan University Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Ren
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, East China Normal University Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Qingli
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, East China Normal University Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Hongying
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Joseph M. Still Burn and Reconstructive Center, Central Mississippi Medical Center 1850 Chadwick Drive, Suite 1427 North Tower, 4 West Jackson, MS 39204.
authors.forename: William C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Lineaweaver
keywords: Peripheral nerve; Raman spectroscopy; molecular hyperspectral imaging