title: Associations between co-detected respiratory viruses in children with acute respiratory infections.
abstract: Viruses are the major etiological agents of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in young children. Although respiratory virus co-detections are common, analysis of combinations of co-detected viruses has never been conducted in Japan. Nineteen respiratory viruses or subtypes were surveyed using multiplex real-time PCR on 1,044 pediatric (patient age < 6 years) ARI specimens collected in Osaka City, Japan between January 2010 and December 2011. In total, 891 specimens (85.3%) were virus positive (1,414 viruses were detected), and 388 of the virus-positive specimens (43.5%, 388/891) were positive for multiple viruses. The ratio of multiple/total respiratory virus-positive specimens was high in children aged 0-35 months. Statistical analyses revealed that human bocavirus 1 and human adenovirus were synchronously co-detected. On the other hand, co-detections of human parainfluenza virus type 1 (HPIV-1) with HPIV-3, HPIV-3 with human metapneumovirus (hMPV), hMPV with respiratory syncytial virus A (RSV A), hMPV with influenza virus A (H1N1) 2009 (FLUA (H1N1) 2009), RSV A with RSV B, and human rhinovirus and FLUA (H1N1) 2009 were exclusive. These results suggest that young children (<3 years) are highly susceptible to respiratory viruses, and some combinations of viruses are synchronously or exclusively co-detected.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Osaka City Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kaida
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kubo
authors.forename: Koh-ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takakura
authors.forename: Jun-ichiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sekiguchi
authors.forename: Seiji P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Urara
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kohdera
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Togawa
authors.forename: Kiyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Amo
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shiomi
authors.forename: Minori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohyama
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hase
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kageyama
authors.forename: Nobuhiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Iritani
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D060085:Coinfection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D060885:Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D013183:Sputum / Q000821:virology; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D014780:Viruses / Q000302:isolation & purification*