title: Managing diabetes with nanomedicine: challenges and opportunities.
abstract: Nanotechnology-based approaches hold substantial potential for improving the care of patients with diabetes. Nanoparticles are being developed as imaging contrast agents to assist in the early diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. Glucose nanosensors are being incorporated in implantable devices that enable more accurate and patient-friendly real-time tracking of blood glucose levels, and are also providing the basis for glucose-responsive nanoparticles that better mimic the body's physiological needs for insulin. Finally, nanotechnology is being used in non-invasive approaches to insulin delivery and to engineer more effective vaccine, cell and gene therapies for type 1 diabetes. Here, we analyse the current state of these approaches and discuss key issues for their translation to clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. [2] David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. [3] Department of Anesthesiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave., Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. [4].
authors.forename: Omid
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Veiseh
authors.affiliation: 1] David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. [2] Department of Anesthesiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave., Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. [3].
authors.forename: Benjamin C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
authors.forename: Kathryn A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Whitehead
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. [2] David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. [3] Department of Anesthesiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave., Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. [4] Division of Health Science and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. [5] Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. [2] David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. [3] Department of Anesthesiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave., Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. [4] Division of Health Science and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. [5] Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Langer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019468:Disease Management; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D050997:Nanomedicine / Q000379:methods*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents