title: The study of cognitive function and related factors in patients with heart failure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cognitive impairment is increasingly recognized as a common adverse consequence of heart failure. Both Heart failure and cognitive impairment are associated with frequent hospitalization and increased mortality, particularly when they occur simultaneously.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine cognitive function and related factors in patients with heart failure.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this descriptive cross-sectional study, we assessed 239 patients with heart failure. Data were collected by Mini Mental status Examination, Charlson comorbidity index and NYHA classification system. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, chi-square test, t-test and logistic regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean score of cognitive function was 21.68 ± 4.51. In total, 155 patients (64.9%) had cognitive impairment. Significant associations were found between the status of cognitive impairment and gender (P < 0.002), education level (P < 0.000), living location (P < 0.000), marital status (P < 0.03), living arrangement (P < 0.001 ), employment status (P < 0.000), income (P < 0.02), being the head of family (P < 0.03), the family size (P < 0.02), having a supplemental insurance (P < 0.003) and the patient's comorbidities (P < 0.02). However, in logistic regression analysis, only education and supplementary insurance could predict cognitive status which indicates that patients with supplementary insurance and higher education levels were more likely to maintain optimal cognitive function.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  More than a half of the subjects had cognitive impairment. As the level of patients cognitive functioning affects their behaviors and daily living activities, it is recommended that patients with heart failure should be assessed for their cognitive functioning.
authors.affiliation: Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Atefeh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghanbari
authors.affiliation: Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Moaddab
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Department, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Arsalan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Salari
authors.affiliation: Biostatistics Department, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Ehsan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kazemnezhad Leyli
authors.affiliation: Nursing Department, Nursing and Midwifery School, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Mitra
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sedghi Sabet
authors.affiliation: Nursing Department, Nursing and Midwifery School, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Ezzat
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Paryad
keywords: Cognitive disorders; Executive function; Heart failure