title: Congenital tuberculosis detected by T-SPOT.TB assay in a male infant after in vitro fertilization and followed up with radiography.
abstract: Congenital tuberculosis (TB) is a rare disease with a high mortality rate, and is difficult to diagnose. Here we present a case of congenital TB detected by the T-SPOT.TB assay in a male infant after in vitro fertilization. He ultimately survived after anti-TB therapy despite a delayed diagnosis, and underwent radiological follow-up. The delay in diagnosis of congenital TB resulted in a severe lung lesion, as evidenced by prolonged oxygen dependence, predisposing to recurrent pneumonia. Radiological follow-up revealed uniform rim calcification of multiple enlarged lymph nodes in the mediastinum, and long-term consolidation in the bilateral lung, with slow radiographic regression of the lung lesion. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on using the T-SPOT.TB assay in the detection of congenital TB, and no case of congenital TB with such clinical features and image findings has been described in previous reports.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China. zym002@126.com.
authors.forename: Yangming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China. bghu79@126.com.
authors.forename: Guanghui
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China. zhlwz97@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Hailin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis / Q000379:methods*; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic / Q000379:methods*; D014374:Tuberculin Test / Q000379:methods*; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000151:congenital* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000196:embryology