title: Is leishmaniasis an "unusual suspect" of infection in allogeneic transplantation?
abstract: Leishmaniasis is a disease of the immunocompetent population, more often affecting infants and young children. However, the number of leishmaniasis cases associated with immunosuppression has increased over the last 20 years. The visceral form of the disease, visceral leishmaniasis (VL), is identified as an opportunistic infection in immunosuppressed individuals, occurring mainly after solid organ transplantation, especially in renal transplant recipients. Limited data are available about VL after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). We report the cases of 3 patients with late VL after allogeneic HSCT, and review the literature.
authors.affiliation: Department of Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Komitopoulou
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tzenou
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Baltadakis
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Apostolidis
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Karakasis
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Harhalakis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007896:Leishmaniasis / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; C068538:liposomal amphotericin B; D000666:Amphotericin B
keywords: allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; immunosuppression; visceral leishmaniasis