title: Hospital-onset Gram-negative Surveillance Program annual report, 2011.
abstract: The Australian Group on Antimicrobial Resistance performs regular period-prevalence studies to monitor changes in antimicrobial resistance in selected enteric Gram-negative pathogens. The 2011 survey focussed on hospital-onset infections, examining isolates from all specimens presumed to be causing disease. In 2011, 1,827 Escherichia coli, 537 Klebsiella species and 269 Enterobacter species were tested using a commercial automated method (Vitek 2, BioMérieux) and results were analysed using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute breakpoints from January 2012. Of the key resistances, non-susceptibilty to the third-generation cephalosporin, ceftriaxone, was found in 9.6% of E. coli and 9.5%-12.1% of Klebsiella spp. Non-susceptibility rates to ciprofloxacin were 10.6% for E. coli, 0.0%-8.3% for Klebsiella spp. and 0.0%-5.0% in Enterobacter spp. Resistance rates to gentamicin were 8.6%, 2.9%-10.9%, and 0.0%-15.6% for the same 3 groups respectively. Eight strains, 5 Klebsiella spp. and 3 Enterobacter spp. were shown to harbour a carbapenemase (IMP-4).
authors.affiliation: Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, SA Pathology, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia and Departments of Pathology, Paediatrics and Molecular Biosciences, University of Adelaide, South Australia.
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Turnidge
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Concord, Concord, New South Wales.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gottlieb
authors.affiliation: Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales.
authors.forename: David H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.affiliation: Australian Collaborating Centre for Enterococcus and Staphylococcus Species (ACCESS) Typing and Research, School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia and Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, WA, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia.
authors.forename: Geoffrey W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Coombs
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, WA, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia.
authors.forename: Julie C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Pearson
authors.affiliation: Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, SA Pathology, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia.
authors.forename: Jan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bell
mesh_terms: D000847:Annual Reports as Topic; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D003428:Cross Infection; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000266:history / Q000382:microbiology; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011159:Population Surveillance
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents