title: New type of protective hybrid and nanocomposite hybrid coatings containing silver and copper with an excellent antibacterial effect especially against MRSA.
abstract: Epidemics spread many types of pathogenic bacterial strains, especially strains of MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), which are being increasingly reported in many geographical areas [1]. This is becoming to be a serious global problem, particularly in hospitals. Not only are antibiotics proving to be increasingly ineffective but also the bacteria responsible for more than 70% of hospital-acquired bacterial infections are resistant to at least one of the drugs commonly used to treat them. In this study, hybrid coating A1 and nanocomposite hybrid coating A2 based on TMSPM (3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate, MMA (methyl methacrylate), TEOS (tetraethyl orthosilicate) and IPTI (titanium isopropoxide) containing silver and copper ions with or without nanoparticles of titanium dioxide were prepared by the sol-gel method. They were deposited on glass, poly(methyl methacrylate) and cotton using dip-coating or spin-coating, and then cured at 150 °C for 3 h or, in the case of poly(methyl methacrylate), at 100 °C for 4.5 h. The morphology and microstructure of these hybrid coatings were examined by SEM. The abrasion resistance was tested using a washability tester and found to depend heavily on the curing temperature. Seven types of bacterial strains were used to determine the profile of antibacterial activity, namely Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus - MRSA (CCM 4223), MRSA-2 (CCM 7112), Acinetobacter baumanii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Proteus vulgaris (according to ALE-G18, CSNI). All the samples were tested by irradiating with either a UV-A or a daylight fluorescent lamp. All types of hybrid coating A1 and nanocomposite hybrid coating A2 were found to possess an excellent antibacterial effect, including against the pathogenic bacterial strains of MRSA, which present a dangerous threat on a global scale.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovations, Studentska 1402/2, 461 17 Liberec 1, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Irena
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Šlamborová
authors.affiliation: Centre for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovations, Studentska 1402/2, 461 17 Liberec 1, Czech Republic. Electronic address: veronika.zajicova@tul.cz.
authors.forename: Veronika
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Zajícová
authors.affiliation: Institute of Novel Technologies and Applied Informatics, Faculty of Mechatronics, Informatics and Interdisciplinary Studies, Technical University of Liberec, Studentska 2, 461 17 Liberec 1, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Karpíšková
authors.affiliation: Centre for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovations, Studentska 1402/2, 461 17 Liberec 1, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Petr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Exnar
authors.affiliation: Centre for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovations, Studentska 1402/2, 461 17 Liberec 1, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Stibor
mesh_terms: D040981:Acinetobacter baumannii / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry*; D008027:Light; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D020366:Methylmethacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry*; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D011514:Proteus vulgaris / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D012821:Silanes / Q000737:chemistry; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D012821:Silanes; D020366:Methylmethacrylate; D012834:Silver; C040733:tetraethoxysilane; C102815:titanium isopropoxide; D003300:Copper