title: Community-onset Gram-negative Surveillance Program annual report, 2012.
abstract: The Australian Group on Antimicrobial Resistance performs regular period-prevalence studies to monitor changes in antimicrobial resistance in selected enteric Gram-negative pathogens. The 2012 survey focussed on community-onset infections, examining isolates from urinary tract infections from patients presenting to outpatient clinics, emergency departments or to community practitioners. In 2012, 2,025 Escherichia coli, 538 Klebsiella species and 239 Enterobacter species were tested using a commercial automated method (Vitek 2, BioMérieux) and results were analysed using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute breakpoints from January 2012. Of the key resistances, non-susceptibility to the third-generation cephalosporin, ceftriaxone, was found in 4.2% of E. coli and 4.6%-6.9% of Klebsiella spp. Non-susceptibility rates to ciprofloxacin were 6.9% for E. coli, 0.0%-3.5% for Klebsiella spp. and 0.8%-1.9% in Enterobacter spp, and resistance rates to piperacillin-tazobactam were 1.7%, 0.7%-9.2%, and 8.8%-11.4% for the same 3 groups respectively. Only 1 Enterobacter cloacae was shown to harbour a carbapenemase (IMP-4).
authors.affiliation: Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, SA Pathology, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia and Departments of Pathology, Paediatrics and Molecular Biosciences, University of Adelaide, South Australia.
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Turnidge
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Concord, Concord, New South Wales.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gottlieb
authors.affiliation: Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales.
authors.forename: David H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.affiliation: Australian Collaborating Centre for Enterococcus and Staphylococcus Species (ACCESS) Typing and Research, School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia and Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, WA, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia.
authors.forename: Geoffrey W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Coombs
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, WA, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia.
authors.forename: Denise A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Daly
authors.affiliation: Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, SA Pathology, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia.
authors.forename: Jan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bell
mesh_terms: D000847:Annual Reports as Topic; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000266:history / Q000382:microbiology*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000266:history / Q000382:microbiology*; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011159:Population Surveillance