title: The influence of nighttime feeding of carbohydrate or protein combined with exercise training on appetite and cardiometabolic risk in young obese women.
abstract: Single macronutrient intake prior to sleep reduces appetite but may negatively impact insulin sensitivity in sedentary obese women. The present study examined the additive impact of nighttime feeding of whey (WH), casein (CAS), or carbohydrate (CHO) combined with exercise training on appetite, cardiometabolic health, and strength in obese women. Thirty-seven sedentary obese women (WH, n = 13, body mass index (BMI) 34.4 ± 1.3 kg/m(2); CAS, n = 14, BMI 36.5 ± 1.8 kg/m(2); CHO, n = 10, BMI 33.1 ± 1.7 kg/m(2)) consumed WH, CAS, or CHO (140-150 kcal/serving), every night of the week, within 30 min of sleep, for 4 weeks. Supervised exercise training (2 days of resistance training and 1 day of high-intensity interval training) was completed 3 days per week. Pre- and post-testing measurements included appetite ratings, mood state, resting metabolic rate, fasting lipids, glucose, and hormonal responses (insulin, leptin, adiponectin, hs-CRP, IGF-1, and cortisol), body composition, and strength. Nighttime intake of CAS significantly (p < 0.05) increased morning satiety (pretraining, 25 ± 5; post-training 41 ± 6) more than WH (pretraining, 34 ± 5; post-training, 35 ± 6) or CHO (pre 40 ± 8, post 43 ± 7). Exercise training increased lean mass and strength, decreased body fat, and improved mood state in all groups. No other differences were noted. Nighttime feeding of CAS combined with exercise training increased morning satiety more than WH or CHO. Nighttime feeding for 4 weeks did not impact insulin sensitivity (assessed via homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance) when combined with exercise training in obese women. ClinicalTrial.gov: NCT01830946.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA.
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Ormsbee
authors.forename: Amber W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Kinsey
authors.forename: Wyatt R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Eddy
authors.forename: Takudzwa A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Madzima
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Arciero
authors.forename: Arturo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Figueroa
authors.forename: Lynn B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Panton
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001067:Appetite Depressants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001069:Appetite Regulation; D001628:Beverages; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002364:Caseins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D015444:Exercise; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D053580:Muscle Strength; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D010349:Patient Compliance; D000067816:Whey Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D001067:Appetite Depressants; D015415:Biomarkers; D002364:Caseins; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D000067816:Whey Proteins
keywords: alimentation chronobiologique; chronobiological eating; entraînement par intervalle d’intensité élevée; exercice contre résistance; high intensity interval training; hormones; nutrition; resistance exercise