title: Gender-specific research on mental illness in the emergency department: current knowledge and future directions.
abstract: Mental illness is a growing, and largely unaddressed, problem for the population and for emergency department (ED) patients in particular. Extensive literature outlines sex and gender differences in mental illness' epidemiology and risk and protective factors. Few studies, however, examined sex and gender differences in screening, diagnosis, and management of mental illness in the ED setting. Our consensus group used the nominal group technique to outline major gaps in knowledge and research priorities for these areas, including the influence of violence and other risk factors on the course of mental illness for ED patients. Our consensus group urges the pursuit of this research in general and conscious use of a gender lens when conducting, analyzing, and authoring future ED-based investigations of mental illness.
authors.affiliation: Injury Prevention Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI; Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI.
authors.forename: Megan L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Ranney
authors.forename: Natalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Locci
authors.forename: Erica J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.forename: Marian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Betz
authors.forename: David B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Burmeister
authors.forename: Ted
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Corbin
authors.forename: Preeti
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dalawari
authors.forename: Jeanne L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Jacoby
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Linden
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Purtle
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: North
authors.forename: Debra E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Houry
mesh_terms: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000458:organization & administration*; D005783:Gender Identity; D006302:Health Services Research; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012017:Referral and Consultation / Q000458:organization & administration; D012307:Risk Factors; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D012737:Sex Factors; D014754:Violence / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents