title: Comparison of the Adult Strabismus Quality of Life Questionnaire (AS-20) with the Amblyopia and Strabismus Questionnaire (ASQE) among adults with strabismus who seek medical care in China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The impact of strabismus on visual function, self-image, self-esteem, and social interactions might decrease health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties and clinical applications of two strabismus-specific HRQoL questionnaires in the cultural context of China.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Chinese versions of the Adult Strabismus Quality of Life Questionnaire (AS-20) and the Amblyopia and Strabismus Questionnaire (ASQE) were self-administered to 304 adults with strabismus. The Cronbach's α coefficient was calculated to assess the internal consistency reliability. The criterion-related validity was identified by exploring Spearman's correlation with the most widely used vision-specific quality of life questionnaire NEI-VFQ-25. One-way ANOVA was employed to examine the differences in the quality of life of strabismus patients with visually normal adults and with other eye diseases patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significantly positive correlations with NEI-VFQ-25 were shown in both scales (r = 0.21 - 0.44, p <0.05, p <0.01). Both scales could distinguish individuals with strabismus from visually normal adults (p <0.001) and adults with other eye diseases (p <0.001). The overall Cronbach's α value were 0.91 for the AS-20 and 0.89 for the ASQE; and for the subscales, the α value ranged from 0.68 to 0.90.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This was the first cross-sectional study to compare the psychometric properties of two strabismus-targeted questionnaires, AS-20 and ASQE in the context of Chinese culture. Both AS-20 and ASQE showed satisfactory and comparable properties for measuring HRQoL in strabismus patients.
authors.forename: Zonghua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Rosemary
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Frey
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Raphael
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Third Military Medical University, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China. tianwei198466@sohu.com.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Bian
authors.forename: Xianyuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000550:Amblyopia / Q000523:psychology*; D044466:Asian People / Q000523:psychology*; D002681:China; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004172:Diplopia / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011594:Psychometrics; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D018434:Sickness Impact Profile; D013285:Strabismus / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult