title: Epilepsy associated tumors: Review article.
abstract: Long-term epilepsy associated tumors (LEAT) represent a well known cause of focal epilepsies. Glioneuronal tumors are the most frequent histological type consisting of a mixture of glial and neuronal elements and most commonly arising in the temporal lobe. Cortical dysplasia or other neuronal migration abnormalities often coexist. Epilepsy associated with LEAT is generally poorly controlled by antiepileptic drugs while, on the other hand, it is high responsive to surgical treatment. However the best management strategy of tumor-related focal epilepsies remains controversial representing a contemporary issues in epilepsy surgery. Temporo-mesial LEAT have a widespread epileptic network with complex epileptogenic mechanisms. By using an epilepsy surgery oriented strategy LEAT may have an excellent seizure outcome therefore surgical treatment should be offered early, irrespective of pharmacoresistance, avoiding both the consequences of uncontrolled seizures as well as the side effects of prolonged pharmacological therapy and the rare risk of malignant transformation.
authors.affiliation: Marco Giulioni, Matteo Martinoni, IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Division of Neurosurgery, Bellaria Hospital, 40139 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Giulioni
authors.affiliation: Marco Giulioni, Matteo Martinoni, IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Division of Neurosurgery, Bellaria Hospital, 40139 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marucci
authors.affiliation: Marco Giulioni, Matteo Martinoni, IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Division of Neurosurgery, Bellaria Hospital, 40139 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martinoni
authors.affiliation: Marco Giulioni, Matteo Martinoni, IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Division of Neurosurgery, Bellaria Hospital, 40139 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Anna Federica
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Marliani
authors.affiliation: Marco Giulioni, Matteo Martinoni, IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Division of Neurosurgery, Bellaria Hospital, 40139 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Toni
authors.affiliation: Marco Giulioni, Matteo Martinoni, IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Division of Neurosurgery, Bellaria Hospital, 40139 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Fiorina
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bartiromo
authors.affiliation: Marco Giulioni, Matteo Martinoni, IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Division of Neurosurgery, Bellaria Hospital, 40139 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Lilia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Volpi
authors.affiliation: Marco Giulioni, Matteo Martinoni, IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Division of Neurosurgery, Bellaria Hospital, 40139 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Riguzzi
authors.affiliation: Marco Giulioni, Matteo Martinoni, IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Division of Neurosurgery, Bellaria Hospital, 40139 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bisulli
authors.affiliation: Marco Giulioni, Matteo Martinoni, IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Division of Neurosurgery, Bellaria Hospital, 40139 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Ilaria
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Naldi
authors.affiliation: Marco Giulioni, Matteo Martinoni, IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Division of Neurosurgery, Bellaria Hospital, 40139 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Michelucci
authors.affiliation: Marco Giulioni, Matteo Martinoni, IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Division of Neurosurgery, Bellaria Hospital, 40139 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Agostino
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baruzzi
authors.affiliation: Marco Giulioni, Matteo Martinoni, IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Division of Neurosurgery, Bellaria Hospital, 40139 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tinuper
authors.affiliation: Marco Giulioni, Matteo Martinoni, IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Division of Neurosurgery, Bellaria Hospital, 40139 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rubboli
keywords: Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor; Epilepsy; Epilepsy surgery; Ganglioglioma; Glioneuronal tumors; Lesionectomy; Long-term epilepsy associated tumors; Low grade tumors