title: Impact of the chemical and physical stability of ketoprofen compounded in various pharmaceutical bases on its topical and transdermal delivery.
abstract: Increasing demands for individualized drug treatment has led to an increase in the practice of compounded medications. In this study, we determined the impact of the chemical and physical stability of ketoprofen (10%w/w) cream on its topical/transdermal delivery over a 6-month period. The shelf life of ketoprofen at 25 °C in the pharmaceutical bases LipoDerm and LipoBase (109.94 and 85.9 days) was significantly longer than that in Pluronic Lecithin Organogel (PLO; 44.81 days), justifying extending its beyond use date (BUD) from 30 (USP37/NF32) to at least 60 days in LipoDerm and LipoBase. All the creams evaluated exhibited shear-thinning flow behavior with moderate thixotropy, while the flow properties for LipoBase and PLO creams were altered at storage times greater than 90 days. The percentage of ketoprofen permeated through porcine ear skin was 13.7, 19.1 and 12.7% of the dose from LipoDerm, LipoBase and PLO, respectively and decreased 2- to 3-fold after 28 days of storage. Flux ranging from 85.3 to 446.7 µg/cm(2)/h and topical delivery, on the other hand, were not influenced by storage duration past 28 days. In conclusion, this study justifies extending the BUD of ketoprofen in LipoDerm and LipoBase to 60 days if used for topical delivery only.
authors.affiliation: a Gregory School of Pharmacy , Palm Beach Atlantic University , West Palm Beach , FL , USA.
authors.forename: Adwoa O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Nornoo
authors.affiliation: a Gregory School of Pharmacy , Palm Beach Atlantic University , West Palm Beach , FL , USA.
authors.forename: Jordan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wulz
authors.affiliation: a Gregory School of Pharmacy , Palm Beach Atlantic University , West Palm Beach , FL , USA.
authors.forename: Haena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: a Gregory School of Pharmacy , Palm Beach Atlantic University , West Palm Beach , FL , USA.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nan
authors.affiliation: a Gregory School of Pharmacy , Palm Beach Atlantic University , West Palm Beach , FL , USA.
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lese
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000818:Animals; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods; D004355:Drug Stability; D005782:Gels / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D007660:Ketoprofen / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry*; D054709:Lecithins / Q000737:chemistry; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism*; D012869:Skin Absorption / Q000502:physiology; D063465:Skin Cream / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry*; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D005782:Gels; D054709:Lecithins; D007660:Ketoprofen
keywords: LipoBase; LipoDerm; PLO