title: Effects of acute exercise on pancreatic endocrine function in subjects with type 2 diabetes.
abstract: We determined the effects of exercise on pancreatic endocrine responses to metabolic stimuli in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and examined the influence of subjects' diabetic status. Fourteen subjects underwent a hyperglycaemic clamp with glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) infusion and arginine injection, the morning after a 1-h walk or no exercise. Subjects were stratified by high and low fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels and by glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, as well as by current use/non-use of antidiabetic medication. In the entire cohort, exercise did not alter insulin secretion, while glucagon levels were increased in all clamp phases (p < 0.05 to <0.01). In subjects with low FPG levels, exercise increased GLP-1-stimulated insulin secretion (p < 0.05), with the same trend being observed for arginine (p = 0.08). The same trends were seen for subjects with low HbA1c levels. Furthermore, exercise increased GLP-1- and arginine-stimulated insulin secretion (p < 0.05) in subjects who were antidiabetic drug-naïve. Exercise-induced increases in insulin secretion are blunted in subjects with T2D with high rates of hyperglycaemia and in those using antidiabetic drugs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism, Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Knudsen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Karstoft
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Winding
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Holst
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Pedersen
authors.forename: T P J
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Solomon
mesh_terms: D001120:Arginine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D015444:Exercise; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D005934:Glucagon / Q000378:metabolism*; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015309:Glucose Clamp Technique; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007267:Injections; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D008297:Male; D010179:Pancreas / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D005934:Glucagon; D001120:Arginine
keywords: GLP-1; arginine; glucagon; hyperglycaemic clamp; insulin secretion; β-cell function