title: Development and characterization of six new human papillary thyroid carcinoma cell lines.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cell lines are a widely used tool in cancer research. However, despite the relatively high incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), there are only four PTC cell lines available for international research audience.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to establish and characterize new PTC cell lines that represent primary tumor biology. Surgical specimens were obtained to generate PTC cell lines. Short tandem repeat profiling was used to confirm the uniqueness of the cell lines against databases of known cell lines and mutations were assessed using Sequenom. The expression of thyroid-specific genes was examined using real-time PCR. Tumorigenicity was determined using an orthotopic thyroid xenograft tumor mouse model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six PTC cell lines (five conventional PTCs and one follicular variant of PTC) were generated and found to be unique when compared by short tandem repeat profiling against databases of all existing cell lines. The five conventional PTC cell lines carry the BRAF V600E mutation and the follicular variant of PTC cell line had an NRAS mutation. Five of the six cell lines had a mutation in the promoter of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase gene. None of the cell lines have RET/PTC rearrangements. Three cell lines were tumorigenic in the orthotopic thyroid xenograft tumor mouse model.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These five characterized conventional PTC cell lines and the unique follicular variant of PTC cell line should be valuable reagents for thyroid cancer research. The three tumorigenic cell lines can be used for in vivo testing of targeted therapeutic and novel agents.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Head and Neck Surgery (Y.C.H., Y.C., S.Y.L., G.L.C.), Pathology (M.D.W., A.K.E-N.), Veterinary Medicine and Surgery (M.G.), Molecular and Cellular Oncology (S.Y.L.), and Cancer Biology (G.L.C.), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (S.H.A), College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Kyunggi-do, 463-707 Korea; Center for Thyroid Cancer (J.R), National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 410-769 Korea; Department of Endocrinology (R.E.S., B.R.H.), University of Colorado at Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045.
authors.forename: Ying C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Henderson
authors.forename: Soon-Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Junsun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: Yunyun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Michelle D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Adel K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: El-Naggar
authors.forename: Mihai
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gagea
authors.forename: Rebecca E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Schweppe
authors.forename: Bryan R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Haugen
authors.forename: Stephen Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Gary L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Clayman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D009154:Mutation; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D019098:Telomerase / Q000235:genetics; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000473:pathology*; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: C509186:TERT protein, human; D019098:Telomerase