title: The role of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor genotype and parenting in early life in predicting externalizing and internalizing symptoms in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We aimed to determine whether early parenting is associated with externalizing and internalizing symptoms in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and whether such an association is affected by the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) val66met polymorphism.
  
  
  METHODS
  The participants included 92 patients with ADHD aged 6-15 years. Measures of parenting in early life and externalizing and internalizing symptoms and the genotype of the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism were obtained.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The degree to which the baby's autonomy was allowed was significantly and negatively correlated with the CDI scores in ADHD children (r = -0.38, p = 0.005). After adjusting for the child's gender, the child's age, the family's gross annual income, and the maternal education level, there was a significant interaction for the BDNF genotype and mother's positive feelings about caring in relation to the development of childhood anxiety/depression in ADHD children (F = 2.51, p = 0.011).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results provide evidence of an interaction between the BDNF met allele and early parenting on the development of depression/anxiety symptoms.
authors.forename: Subin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Bung-Nyun
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jae-Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yeon-Kyung
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Min-Sup
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Hee Jeong
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.affiliation: Deparment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. soochurl@snu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Soo-Churl
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Cho
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology*; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000235:genetics*; D002648:Child; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology*; D026684:Personal Autonomy; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
chemical_list: D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor