title: Plant-polysaccharide-degrading enzymes from Basidiomycetes.
abstract: Basidiomycete fungi subsist on various types of plant material in diverse environments, from living and dead trees and forest litter to crops and grasses and to decaying plant matter in soils. Due to the variation in their natural carbon sources, basidiomycetes have highly varied plant-polysaccharide-degrading capabilities. This topic is not as well studied for basidiomycetes as for ascomycete fungi, which are the main sources of knowledge on fungal plant polysaccharide degradation. Research on plant-biomass-decaying fungi has focused on isolating enzymes for current and future applications, such as for the production of fuels, the food industry, and waste treatment. More recently, genomic studies of basidiomycete fungi have provided a profound view of the plant-biomass-degrading potential of wood-rotting, litter-decomposing, plant-pathogenic, and ectomycorrhizal (ECM) basidiomycetes. This review summarizes the current knowledge on plant polysaccharide depolymerization by basidiomycete species from diverse habitats. In addition, these data are compared to those for the most broadly studied ascomycete genus, Aspergillus, to provide insight into specific features of basidiomycetes with respect to plant polysaccharide degradation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Johanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rytioja
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Kristiina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hildén
authors.affiliation: Fungal Physiology, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yuzon
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Annele
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hatakka
authors.affiliation: Fungal Physiology, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ronald P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: de Vries
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland miia.r.makela@helsinki.fi.
authors.forename: Miia R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Mäkelä
mesh_terms: D001230:Aspergillus / Q000378:metabolism; D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000378:metabolism; D017753:Ecosystem; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D018514:Plant Structures / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D011134:Polysaccharides; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases