title: In vitro longevity of bonding properties of universal adhesives to dentin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the immediate and 6-month resin-dentin bond strength (μTBS) and nanoleakage (NL) of universal adhesives that contain or do not contain methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP) and are used in the etch-and-rinse and self-etch strategies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty caries-free extracted third molars were divided into eight groups for μTBS (n=5). The groups were bonded with the Clearfil SE Bond (CSE) and Adper Single Bond 2 (SB) as controls; Peak Universal, self-etch (PkSe) and etch-and rinse (PkEr); Scotchbond Universal Adhesive, self-etch (ScSe) and etch-and-rinse (ScEr); and All Bond Universal, self-etch (AlSe) and etch-and-rinse (AlEr). After composite restorations, specimens were longitudinally sectioned to obtain resin-dentin bonded sticks (0.8 mm(2)). The μTBS of the specimens was tested immediately (IM) or after 6 months of water storage (6M) at 0.5 mm/min. Some sticks at each storage period were immersed in silver nitrate and photo developed, and the NL was evaluated with scanning electron microscopy. Data were analyzed with two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance and Tukey test (α=0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the IM period, PkSe and PkEr showed μTBS similar to the control adhesives (p>0.05) but increased NL pattern and lower μTBS after 6M (p<0.05). ScSe and ScEr showed intermediary μTBS values at the IM period but remained stable after 6 months (p>0.05). AlSe showed the lowest μTBS (p<0.05), but μTBS and NL remained stable after 6M (p>0.05). AlEr showed higher IM μTBS but showed higher degradation after 6M (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Universal adhesives that contain MDP showed higher and more stable μTBS with reduced NL at the interfaces after 6 months of water storage.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Muñoz
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Luque-Martinez
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Malaquias
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hass
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.forename: N H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Campanha
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Loguercio
mesh_terms: D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000592:standards / Q000627:therapeutic use; D045662:Dental Etching / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D003804:Dentin / Q000378:metabolism*; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000592:standards / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008963:Molar; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000592:standards / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013718:Tensile Strength; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: C554641:Adper single bond 2; C438313:Clearfil SE Bond; D003738:Dental Cements; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D019279:Resin Cements; C041330:Scotchbond