title: Effects of propofol on electrocardiogram measures in mice.
abstract: We investigated the anesthetic effects of propofol on the electrocardiogram (ECG) in mice. We also compared the effects of isoflurane (2%) inhalation anesthesia, intraperitoneal propofol (50 or 100 mg/kg), and pentobarbital (50 mg/kg) on ECG in mice. Isoflurane inhalation and pentobarbital anesthesia were both associated with an acceptable heart rate (HR) range (ca. 450 - 500 bpm). In contrast, high-dose propofol anesthesia significantly decreased the HR. Importantly, propofol anesthesia led to significantly reduced responses to propranolol, a β-blocker, suggesting that it affects sympathetic tonus and is not suitable for the evaluation of cardiovascular or sympathetic function. Propofol also reduced the response to atropine, indicative of suppression of mouse parasympathetic nerve activity. Our data suggest that propofol anesthesia should not be the first choice for cardiovascular analysis in mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Brain Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shintaku
authors.forename: Takayoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohba
authors.forename: Hidetoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Niwa
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kushikata
authors.forename: Kazuyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirota
authors.forename: Kyoichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsuzaki
authors.forename: Tadaatsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Imaizumi
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kuwasako
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sawamura
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murakami
mesh_terms: D000759:Adjuvants, Anesthesia; D000758:Anesthesia; D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000494:pharmacology; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000187:drug effects*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010424:Pentobarbital / Q000494:pharmacology; D015742:Propofol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000759:Adjuvants, Anesthesia; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D007530:Isoflurane; D010424:Pentobarbital; D015742:Propofol