title: Genetic structure of Sakhalin spruce (Picea glehnii) in northern Japan and adjacent regions revealed by nuclear microsatellites and mitochondrial gene sequences.
abstract: The genetic structure of Sakhalin spruce (Picea glehnii) was studied across the natural range of the species, including two small isolated populations in south Sakhalin and Hayachine, by using six microsatellite loci and maternally inherited mitochondrial gene sequences. We also analyzed P. jezoensis, a sympatric spruce in the range. Genetic diversity of P. glehnii was higher in central Hokkaido and the lowest in the Hayachine. Bayesian clustering and principal coordinate analysis by using the microsatellites indicated that the Hayachine was clearly distinct from other populations, implying that it had undergone strong genetic drift since the last glacial period. P. glehnii harbored four mitochondrial haplotypes, two of which were shared with P. jezoensis. One of the two was observed without geographical concentration, suggesting its derivation from ancestral polymorphism. Another was observed in south Sakhalin and in P. jezoensis across Sakhalin. The Bayesian clustering--by using four microsatellite loci, including P. jezoensis populations--indicated unambiguous species delimitation, but with possible admixture of P. jezoensis genes into P. glehnii in south Sakhalin, where P. glehnii is abundantly overwhelmed by P. jezoensis; this might explain the occurrence of introgression of the haplotype of P. jezoensis into P. glehnii.
authors.affiliation: Department of Forest Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, 350, Mine-machi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 321-8505, Japan, aizawam@cc.utsunomiya-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Mineaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aizawa
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshimaru
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawahara
authors.forename: Hisashi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sugita
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Renat N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Sabirov
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D001499:Bayes Theorem; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000235:genetics*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics; D050259:Genes, Mitochondrial; D056426:Genetic Loci; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005843:Geography; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics; D007438:Introns / Q000235:genetics; D007564:Japan; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics*; D028222:Picea / Q000235:genetics*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D012426:Russia; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial