title: Bioresponsive polymer-based nucleic acid carriers.
abstract: Nucleic acid carriers need to possess multifunctionality for overcoming biological barriers, such as the stable encapsulation of nucleic acids in extracellular milieu, internalization by target cells, controlled intracellular distribution, and release of nucleic acids at the target site of action. To fulfill these stepwise functionalities, "bioresponsive" polymers that can alter their structure responding to site-specific biological signals are highly useful. Notably, pH, redox potential, and enzymatic activities vary along with microenvironments in the body, and thus, the responsiveness to these signals enables to construct nucleic acid carriers with programmed functionalities. This chapter describes the design of bioresponsive polymers that respond to various biological microenvironments for smart nucleic acids delivery.
authors.affiliation: Polymer Chemistry Division, Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyasu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takemoto
authors.affiliation: Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kanjiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyata
authors.affiliation: Polymer Chemistry Division, Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuhiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nishiyama
authors.affiliation: Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan; Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kataoka
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D004220:Disulfides / Q000737:chemistry; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004798:Enzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008823:Micelles; D009696:Nucleic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D011073:Polyamines; D000071228:Polyelectrolytes; D011108:Polymers / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering
chemical_list: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D004220:Disulfides; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004798:Enzymes; D008823:Micelles; D009696:Nucleic Acids; D011073:Polyamines; D000071228:Polyelectrolytes; D011108:Polymers; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering
keywords: Bioresponsive polymer; Gene delivery; Micelle; Polyplex; siRNA deliver