title: The Psychosis Recent Onset GRoningen Survey (PROGR-S): defining dimensions and improving outcomes in early psychosis.
abstract: Psychotic disorders are among the most complex medical conditions. Longitudinal cohort studies may offer further insight into determinants of functional outcome after a psychotic episode. This paper describes the Psychosis Recent Onset in GRoningen Survey (PROGR-S) that currently contains data on 1076 early-episode patients with psychosis, including symptoms, personality, cognition, life events and other outcome determinants. Our goal in this report is to give an overview of PROGR-S, as a point of reference for future publications on the effect of cognition, personality and psychosocial functioning on outcomes. PROGR-S contains an extensive, diagnostic battery including anamnesis, biography, socio-demographic characteristics, clinical status, drug use, neuropsychological assessment, personality questionnaires, and physical status tests. Extensive follow-up data is available on psychopathology, physical condition, medication use, and care consumption. Sample characteristics were determined and related to existing literature. PROGR-S (period 1997-2009, n = 718) included the majority of the expected referrals in the catchment area. The average age was 27 (SD = 8.6) and two-thirds were male. The average IQ was lower than that in the healthy control group. The majority had been diagnosed with a psychotic spectrum disorder. A substantial number of the patients had depressive symptoms (479/718, 78%) and current cannabis or alcohol use (465/718, 75%). The level of community functioning was moderate, i.e. most patients were not in a relationship and were unemployed. The PROGR-S database contains a valuable cohort to study a range of aspects related to symptomatic and functional outcomes of recent onset psychosis, which may play a role in the treatment of this complex and disabling disorder. Results reported here show interesting starting points for future research. Thus, we aim to investigate long-term outcomes on the basis of cognition, personality, negative symptoms and physical health. Ultimately, we hope that this paper will contribute improving the health of patients with psychotic disorders.
authors.affiliation: Rob Giel Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; NeuroImaging Center, Department of Neuroscience, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Edith J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Liemburg
authors.affiliation: Rob Giel Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Lentis Research, Lentis Mental Healthcare Center, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Stynke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Castelein
authors.affiliation: Rob Giel Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: van Es
authors.affiliation: Rob Giel Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Anne Neeltje
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Scholte-Stalenhoef
authors.affiliation: Rob Giel Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Gerard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: van de Willige
authors.affiliation: Rob Giel Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Henderikus
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Smid
authors.affiliation: Rob Giel Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ellen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Visser
authors.affiliation: Rob Giel Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; NeuroImaging Center, Department of Neuroscience, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Lentis Research, Lentis Mental Healthcare Center, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Henderikus
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Knegtering
authors.affiliation: Rob Giel Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bruggeman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003071:Cognition; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016208:Databases, Factual; D003710:Demography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult