title: Mild cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms in elderly patients with diabetes: prevalence, risk factors, and comorbidity.
abstract: The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), depressive syndrome cases, and its comorbidity, and to identify predictors of these conditions. Methods. 276 diabetics elders were screened for MCI and depressive symptoms. Detailed information of history of diabetes, and data of BMI, HbA1c, and blood lipids were collected. Results. The prevalence of MCI was 31.5%, depressive syndrome was 29.7%, and MCI with coexisting depressive mood was 9.1%. The logistic regression analysis revealed that variables which increased the likelihood of having been diagnosed with MCI were: higher HbA1c level, previous CVD, hypertension, retinopathy, increased number of comorbidities, and less years of formal education. Significant predictors of having a depressive mood included female gender, single marital status, current and past smoking status, lack of physical activity, higher BMI and total cholesterol level, increased number of comorbidities, history of hypoglycemia, and insulin treatment. Factors associated with both MCI and depressive syndrome were female gender, single marital status, past smoking status, retinopathy, previous CVD or stroke, increased number of comorbidities, and insulin treatment. Conclusions. Depressive symptoms, MCI, and its comorbidity are common in elderly subjects with type 2 diabetes. Systematic screening could result in the identification of high-risk patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Diabetology, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska Street, 92-213 Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Malgorzata
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0065-4376
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gorska-Ciebiada
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Diabetology, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska Street, 92-213 Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Malgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saryusz-Wolska
authors.affiliation: Department of General and Oncological Pneumology, Medical University of Lodz, 22 Kopcinskiego Street, 90-153 Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ciebiada
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Diabetology, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska Street, 92-213 Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Jerzy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Loba
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003071:Cognition; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011044:Poland / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D008055:Lipids; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human