title: Early childhood caries and intake of 100 percent fruit juice: Data from NHANES, 1999-2004.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The results of several studies conducted in the United States show no association between intake of 100 percent fruit juice and early childhood caries (ECC). The authors examined this association according to poverty and race/ethnicity among U.S. preschool children.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors analyzed data from the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for 2,290 children aged 2 through 5 years. They used logistic models for caries (yes or no) to assess the association between caries and intake of 100 percent fruit juice, defined as consumption (yes or no), ounces (categories) consumed in the previous 24 hours or usual intake (by means of a statistical method from the National Cancer Institute).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The association between caries and consumption of 100 percent fruit juice (yes or no) was not statistically significant in an unadjusted logistic model (odds ratio [OR], 0.76; 95 percent confidence interval [CI], 0.57-1.01), and it remained nonsignificant after covariate adjustment (OR, 0.89; 95 percent CI, 0.63-1.24). Similarly, models in which we evaluated categorical consumption of 100 percent juice (that is, 0 oz; > 0 and ≤ 6 oz; and > 6 oz), unadjusted and adjusted by covariates, did not indicate an association with ECC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study findings are consistent with those of other studies that show consumption of 100 percent fruit juice is not associated with ECC.
authors.affiliation: Dr. Vargas is an associate professor, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, 650 W. Baltimore St., Room 2217, Baltimore, Md. 21201, email cvargas@umaryland.edu. Address correspondence to Dr. Vargas.
authors.forename: Clemencia M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Vargas
authors.affiliation: Dr. Dye is a dental epidemiology officer, National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hyattsville, Md.
authors.forename: Bruce A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Dye
authors.affiliation: Ms. Kolasny is a dental student, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore.
authors.forename: Catherine R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Kolasny
authors.affiliation: Dr. Buckman is a statistician, Information Management Services, Calverton, Md.
authors.forename: Dennis W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Buckman
authors.affiliation: Mr. McNeel is a senior systems analyst, Information Management Services, Calverton, Md.
authors.forename: Timothy S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: McNeel
authors.affiliation: Dr. Tinanoff is a professor and chief, Division of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore.
authors.forename: Norman
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tinanoff
authors.affiliation: Dr. Marshall is an associate professor, Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City.
authors.forename: Teresa A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Marshall
authors.affiliation: Dr. Levy is Wright-Bush Shreves Professor of Research and graduate program associate director, Dental Public Health, College of Dentistry, and a professor, Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City.
authors.forename: Steven M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Levy
mesh_terms: D001628:Beverages / Q000009:adverse effects; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D011203:Poverty; D012307:Risk Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Caries; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; eating habits; epidemiology; pediatric dentistry