title: Patellar instability.
abstract: Patellar instability is a common injury that can result in significant limitations of activity and long-term arthritis. There is a high risk of recurrence in patients and operative management is often indicated. Advances in the understanding of patellofemoral anatomy, such as knowledge about the medial patellofemoral ligament, tibial tubercle-trochlear groove distance, and trochlear dysplasia may allow improved surgical management of patellar instability. However, techniques such as MPFL reconstruction are technically demanding and may result in significant complication. The role of trochleoplasty remains unclear.
authors.affiliation: Orthopaedic Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, 2650 Ridge Avenue, Walgreen's 2505, Evanston, IL, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Chicago Medicine & Biological Sciences, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, Rm. P207, MC 3079, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. Electronic address: kohj1@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Jason L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Koh
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Chicago Medicine & Biological Sciences, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, Rm. P207, MC 3079, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
authors.forename: Cory
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stewart
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D031222:Patellar Dislocation / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D017847:Patellar Ligament / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D057071:Patellofemoral Joint
keywords: Dislocation; Injury; Instability; Knee; Medial patellofemoral ligament; Patella