title: Carp Il10 Has Anti-Inflammatory Activities on Phagocytes, Promotes Proliferation of Memory T Cells, and Regulates B Cell Differentiation and Antibody Secretion.
abstract: In the current study, we investigated the effects of carp Il10 on phagocytes and lymphocytes. Carp Il10 shares several prototypical inhibitory activities on phagocytes with mammalian IL-10, including deactivation of neutrophils and macrophages, as shown by inhibition of oxygen and nitrogen radical production, as well as reduced expression of proinflammatory genes and mhc genes involved in Ag presentation. Similar to mammalian IL-10, carp Il10 acts through a signaling pathway involving phosphorylation of Stat3, ultimately leading to the early upregulation of socs3 expression. To our knowledge, this is the first study of the effects of Il10 on lymphocytes in fish. Although Il10 did not affect survival and proliferation of T cells from naive animals, it greatly promoted survival and proliferation of T cells in cultures from immunized animals, but only when used in combination with the immunizing Ag. Preliminary gene expression analysis suggests that, under these circumstances, carp Il10 stimulates a subset of CD8+ memory T cells while downregulating CD4+ memory Th1 and Th2 responses. In addition to the regulatory effect on T cells, carp Il10 stimulates proliferation, differentiation, and Ab secretion by IgM+ B cells. Overall, carp Il10 shares several prototypical activities with mammalian IL-10, including downregulation of the inflammatory response of phagocytes, stimulation of proliferation of subsets of memory T lymphocytes, and proliferation, differentiation, and Ab secretion by IgM+ B lymphocytes. To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive analysis of biological activities of fish Il10 on both phagocytes and lymphocytes showing functional conservation of several properties of Il10.
authors.affiliation: Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, 6708WD Wageningen, the Netherlands
authors.forename: M Carla
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Piazzon
authors.affiliation: Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, 6708WD Wageningen, the Netherlands
authors.forename: Huub S J
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Savelkoul
authors.affiliation: Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, 6708WD Wageningen, the Netherlands
authors.forename: Danilo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pietretti
authors.affiliation: Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, 6708WD Wageningen, the Netherlands
authors.forename: Geert F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Wiegertjes
authors.affiliation: Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, 6708WD Wageningen, the Netherlands
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Forlenza
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D002347:Carps / Q000276:immunology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015536:Down-Regulation; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000276:immunology; D007156:Immunologic Memory / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D010586:Phagocytes; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species / Q000096:biosynthesis; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D016753:Interleukin-10