title: The Use of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Complex Antituberculous and Antiretroviral Drug Dosing in HIV/Tuberculosis-Coinfected Patients.
abstract: We report 2 cases coinfected with HIV and tuberculosis (HIV/TB), requiring drug dose adjustments guided by therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) and/or serum drug concentrations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Over the course of the 9-months of TB treatment, drugs that required increased doses due to low concentrations included efavirenz (800 mg), rifampin (900 mg), and isoniazid (450 mg). Higher drug doses were well tolerated until the end of treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Over the 12-month course of TB therapy, drugs that required increased doses due to incomplete and/or delayed absorption were rifampin (1500 mg), moxifloxacin (800 mg), and ethambutol (1600 mg). Higher drug doses were well tolerated until the end of treatment. Due to delayed/incomplete drug absorption and weight gain during therapy, higher antituberculous doses may be required in patients coinfected with HIV/TB. A daily dose of efavirenz 800 mg was well tolerated in both patients (weight over 70 kg). Managing patients coinfected with HIV/TB is complex, and, therefore, TDM of drug concentrations can help guide clinical decision making.
authors.affiliation: BScPharm Student, Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.affiliation: Northern Alberta Program, Royal Alexandra Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Michelle M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Foisy
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada rabia@ualberta.ca.
authors.forename: Rabia A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Ahmed
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D060085:Coinfection / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology; D016903:Drug Monitoring; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D000995:Antitubercular Agents
keywords: HIV/TB; antituberculous drugs; drug interactions; efavirenz; therapeutic drug monitoring