title: Evaluation of upgrading a full-scale activated sludge process integrated with floating biofilm carriers.
abstract: This study evaluated the performance of a full-scale upgrade of an existing wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) with the intermittent cyclic extended aeration system (ICEAS), located in Qingdao, China. The ICEAS system was not able to meet effluent standards; therefore, a series of modifications and control strategies were applied as follows: (1) floating plastic carriers were added to the tank to aid biofilm formation; (2) operation parameters such as mixing and aeration time, feeding rate, and settling time were adjusted and controlled with a real-time control system; (3) a sludge return system and submersible water impellers were added; (4) the aeration system was also improved to circulate carriers and prevent clogging. The modified ICEAS system exhibited efficient organic and nutrient removal, with high removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand (89.57 ± 4.10%), NH4(+)-N (95.46 ± 3.80%), and total phosphorus (91.90 ± 4.36%). Moreover, an annual power reduction of 1.04 × 10(7) kW·h was realized as a result of these modifications.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Beijing Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China E-mail: pyz@bjut.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Shijian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Beijing Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China E-mail: pyz@bjut.edu.cn; China Light Industry International Engineering Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100026, China.
authors.forename: Yunpeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
authors.forename: Shuang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Beijing Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China E-mail: pyz@bjut.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Beijing Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China E-mail: pyz@bjut.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Yulong Environment Protection Co., Ltd, Yixing 214200, China.
authors.forename: Donghui
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Beijing Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China E-mail: pyz@bjut.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yongzhen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Peng
mesh_terms: D018441:Biofilms; D057919:Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000592:standards; D002681:China; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000032:analysis; D012722:Sewage / Q000032:analysis*; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D012722:Sewage; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D010758:Phosphorus