title: Perceptions of gender equality in work-life balance, salary, promotion, and harassment: results of the NASPGHAN task force survey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Gender equality in the workplace has not been described in pediatric gastroenterology.
  
  
  METHODS
  An electronic survey that explored perceptions of career parity, work-life balance, and workplace harassment was sent to all members of the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition. Reponses were anonymous.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 303 respondents (21%), there was an even distribution across geographic region, age, and gender (54% men). Gender affected perception of salary and promotion; 46% of men but only 9% of women feel that "women earn the same as men" (P < 0.001). Similarly, 48% of men but only 12% of women feel that "women rise at the same rate as men" (P < 0.001). Both genders of academic practice respondents, compared with other practice models, perceived men were promoted more quickly than women (P = 0.008). Women had higher dissatisfaction with mentoring than men (29% vs 13%, P = 0.03). Significantly more men than women reported spouses with "flexible jobs" (35% vs 14%, P < 0.001). Having a spouse with "flexible job" or having children (preschool or school age), however, did not affect satisfaction with work-life balance for either gender. Overall, women are more likely to be dissatisfied with work-life balance than men (P = 0.046).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Satisfaction with work-life balance is lower among women versus men pediatric gastroenterologists, but does not correlate with flexibility of spouse's job or caring for young children. Gender-divergent perception of promotion, parity of compensation, and mentoring requires further investigation.
authors.affiliation: *Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY †Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH ‡Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Nationwide Children's Hospital/Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus §Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, & Nutrition, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY ||University of Utah College of Medicine, Salt Lake City ¶Clinical Research Center #Pediatric Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Gitit
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tomer
authors.forename: Stavra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xanthakos
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Meenakshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Book
authors.forename: Heather J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Litman
authors.forename: Laurie N
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Fishman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001290:Attitude; D058445:Bullying; D004651:Employment; D005260:Female; D005762:Gastroenterology; D006801:Humans; D007588:Job Satisfaction; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016487:Parenting; D010372:Pediatrics; D010465:Perception; D010820:Physicians; D012456:Salaries and Fringe Benefits; D063507:Sexism; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014933:Women's Rights; D014937:Work