title: Standard setting in OSCEs: a borderline approach.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The evaluation of clinical skills and competencies is a high-stakes process carrying significant consequences for the candidate. Hence, it is mandatory to have a robust method to justify the pass score in order to maintain a valid and reliable objective structured clinical examination (OSCE). The aim was to trial the borderline approach using the two-domain global rating scale for standard setting in the OSCE.
  
  
  METHODS
  For each domain, a set of six-point (from 5 to 0) scales were used to reflect high and low divisions within the 'pass', 'borderline' and 'fail' categories. Scores on the two individual global scales were summed to create a 'summed global rating'. Similarly task-based checklists for individual stations were summed to get a total score. It is mandatory to have a robust method to justify the pass score in order to maintain a valid and reliable OSCE RESULTS: The Pearson's correlation between task-based checklist scoring and the two-domain global rating scale were moderate and significant. The highest R(2) coefficient of 0.479 was obtained for station 7, and the lowest R(2) value was 0.241 for station 14.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was a significant positive correlation between the two scales; however, the R(2) value was not satisfactory except for station 7. The pass mark for the OSCE according to the borderline method was 64 per cent, which is higher than the arbitrarily set pass mark of 50 per cent.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study confirms that the two-domain global rating scale is appropriate to assess the abilities of students within the framework of an OSCE. The strong relationships between the two-domain global rating scale and task-based checklists provide evidence that the two-domain global rating scale can be used to genuinely assess students' proficiencies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy Practice, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Kingston
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rajiah
authors.forename: Sajesh Kalkandi
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Veettil
authors.forename: Suresh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumar
mesh_terms: D057189:Checklist; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004512:Education, Pharmacy; D004521:Educational Measurement; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008296:Malaysia; D008297:Male; D011361:Professional Competence / Q000592:standards*; D013339:Students, Pharmacy