title: Multifaceted roles of aquaporins as molecular conduits in plant responses to abiotic stresses.
abstract: Abiotic stress has become a challenge to food security due to occurrences of climate change and environmental degradation. Plants initiate molecular, cellular and physiological changes to respond and adapt to various types of abiotic stress. Understanding of plant response mechanisms will aid in strategies aimed at improving stress tolerance in crop plants. One of the most common and early symptoms associated with these stresses is the disturbance in plant-water homeostasis, which is regulated by a group of proteins called "aquaporins". Aquaporins constitute a small family of proteins which are classified further on the basis of their localization, such as plasma membrane intrinsic proteins, tonoplast intrinsic proteins, nodulin26-like intrinsic proteins (initially identified in symbiosomes of legumes but also found in the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum), small basic intrinsic proteins localized in ER (endoplasmic reticulum) and X intrinsic proteins present in plasma membrane. Apart from water, aquaporins are also known to transport CO2, H2O2, urea, ammonia, silicic acid, arsenite and wide range of small uncharged solutes. Besides, aquaporins also function to modulate abiotic stress-induced signaling. Such kind of versatile functions has made aquaporins a suitable candidate for development of transgenic plants with increased tolerance toward different abiotic stress. Toward this endeavor, the present review describes the versatile functions of aquaporins in water uptake, nutrient balancing, long-distance signal transfer, nutrient/heavy metal acquisition and seed development. Various functional genomic studies showing the potential of specific aquaporin isoforms for enhancing plant abiotic stress tolerance are summarized and future research directions are given to design stress-tolerant crops.
authors.affiliation: a Plant Stress Physiology and Biotechnology Section, Nuclear Agriculture & Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Mumbai , India .
authors.forename: Ashish Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Srivastava
authors.affiliation: a Plant Stress Physiology and Biotechnology Section, Nuclear Agriculture & Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Mumbai , India .
authors.forename: Suprasanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Penna
authors.affiliation: b National Key Laboratory for Plant Cell Technology , Agricultural Genetics Institute, Vietnamese Academy of Agricultural Science , Hanoi , Vietnam , and.
authors.forename: Dong Van
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: c Signaling Pathway Research Unit , RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science , Yokohama , Kanagawa , Japan.
authors.forename: Lam-Son Phan
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Tran
mesh_terms: D020346:Aquaporins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D013312:Stress, Physiological
chemical_list: D020346:Aquaporins; D010940:Plant Proteins
keywords: Abiotic stress; aquaporins; plant; regulations; stress tolerance; transport