title: First case of visceral leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania martiniquensis.
abstract: We report the first case of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by Leishmania martiniquensis in the Caribbean, which until now, was known only to cause cutaneous leishmaniasis. The disease presented with fatigue, anemia, and hepatosplenomegaly in a 61-year-old man with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection who was receiving antiretroviral therapy. Diagnosis was made by bone marrow biopsy. VL is life-threatening, and its emergence in the Caribbean is of concern.
authors.affiliation: Department of Tropical and Infectious Disease, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Department of Tropical and Infectious Disease, University Hospital of Avicenne, Bobigny, France; Parasitology and Mycology Laboratory, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Hematology Laboratory, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Hematology Unit, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; University Hospital of Montpellier, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5290, French National Reference Center for Leishmaniasis, Montpellier, France; Faculté des Antilles et de la Guyane, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale CIC1424 and EA4537, Martinique, French West Indies.
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liautaud
authors.affiliation: Department of Tropical and Infectious Disease, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Department of Tropical and Infectious Disease, University Hospital of Avicenne, Bobigny, France; Parasitology and Mycology Laboratory, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Hematology Laboratory, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Hematology Unit, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; University Hospital of Montpellier, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5290, French National Reference Center for Leishmaniasis, Montpellier, France; Faculté des Antilles et de la Guyane, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale CIC1424 and EA4537, Martinique, French West Indies vigniernicolas@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vignier
authors.affiliation: Department of Tropical and Infectious Disease, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Department of Tropical and Infectious Disease, University Hospital of Avicenne, Bobigny, France; Parasitology and Mycology Laboratory, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Hematology Laboratory, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Hematology Unit, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; University Hospital of Montpellier, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5290, French National Reference Center for Leishmaniasis, Montpellier, France; Faculté des Antilles et de la Guyane, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale CIC1424 and EA4537, Martinique, French West Indies.
authors.forename: Charline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Miossec
authors.affiliation: Department of Tropical and Infectious Disease, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Department of Tropical and Infectious Disease, University Hospital of Avicenne, Bobigny, France; Parasitology and Mycology Laboratory, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Hematology Laboratory, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Hematology Unit, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; University Hospital of Montpellier, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5290, French National Reference Center for Leishmaniasis, Montpellier, France; Faculté des Antilles et de la Guyane, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale CIC1424 and EA4537, Martinique, French West Indies.
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Plumelle
authors.affiliation: Department of Tropical and Infectious Disease, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Department of Tropical and Infectious Disease, University Hospital of Avicenne, Bobigny, France; Parasitology and Mycology Laboratory, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Hematology Laboratory, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Hematology Unit, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; University Hospital of Montpellier, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5290, French National Reference Center for Leishmaniasis, Montpellier, France; Faculté des Antilles et de la Guyane, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale CIC1424 and EA4537, Martinique, French West Indies.
authors.forename: Moumini
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kone
authors.affiliation: Department of Tropical and Infectious Disease, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Department of Tropical and Infectious Disease, University Hospital of Avicenne, Bobigny, France; Parasitology and Mycology Laboratory, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Hematology Laboratory, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Hematology Unit, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; University Hospital of Montpellier, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5290, French National Reference Center for Leishmaniasis, Montpellier, France; Faculté des Antilles et de la Guyane, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale CIC1424 and EA4537, Martinique, French West Indies.
authors.forename: Delphine
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Delta
authors.affiliation: Department of Tropical and Infectious Disease, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Department of Tropical and Infectious Disease, University Hospital of Avicenne, Bobigny, France; Parasitology and Mycology Laboratory, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Hematology Laboratory, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Hematology Unit, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; University Hospital of Montpellier, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5290, French National Reference Center for Leishmaniasis, Montpellier, France; Faculté des Antilles et de la Guyane, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale CIC1424 and EA4537, Martinique, French West Indies.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ravel
authors.affiliation: Department of Tropical and Infectious Disease, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Department of Tropical and Infectious Disease, University Hospital of Avicenne, Bobigny, France; Parasitology and Mycology Laboratory, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Hematology Laboratory, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Hematology Unit, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; University Hospital of Montpellier, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5290, French National Reference Center for Leishmaniasis, Montpellier, France; Faculté des Antilles et de la Guyane, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale CIC1424 and EA4537, Martinique, French West Indies.
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cabié
authors.affiliation: Department of Tropical and Infectious Disease, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Department of Tropical and Infectious Disease, University Hospital of Avicenne, Bobigny, France; Parasitology and Mycology Laboratory, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Hematology Laboratory, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Hematology Unit, University Hospital of Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; University Hospital of Montpellier, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5290, French National Reference Center for Leishmaniasis, Montpellier, France; Faculté des Antilles et de la Guyane, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale CIC1424 and EA4537, Martinique, French West Indies.
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Desbois
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology; D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007891:Leishmania; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology*; D008297:Male; D008395:Martinique / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D014344:Trypanocidal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D014344:Trypanocidal Agents; D000666:Amphotericin B