title: Phytochemical and therapeutic evaluation of leaf and in vitro derived callus and shoot of Solanum trilobatum.
abstract: This study focuses on the phytochemical properties and the anti-hepatocarcinogenic effects of the leaf and in vitro-derived callus and shoot extracts of Solanum trilobatum. In the leaf, callus and shoot, the presence of sugar, proteins, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tananins, cardiacglycoside, terpenoid and lipids was established by preliminary phytochemical screening. Surface-sterilized explants (0.5-1.0 cm) were placed on the MS basal medium supplemented with different concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (0.45, 2.26, 4.52, 11.31 and 12.56 μ M), naphthylacetic acid (NAA; 0.54, 1.34, 2.69, 5.37, 13.43 and 26.85 μM) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BA; 0.44, 1.11, 2.22, 4.44, 8.88 and 13.32 μM) for callus induction. Explants from node and callus culture were inoculated on the MS basal medium supplemented with varying concentrations of BA (0.44-22.20 μM) and NAA (0.54-10.74 μM) for shoot multiplication. Rats were divided into five groups and administered with diethyl nitrosamine (DEN) and DEN (200mg/kg bwt) intraperitoneally along with methanol leaf and in vitro-derived callus and shoot extracts (250 mg/kg bwt) orally for 3 months. A significant deviation (P<0.05) in marker enzymes such as alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase and total bilirubin was found in rats administered with DEN. The liver tissue was used for the analysis of glutathione reductase, lipid peroxidation, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, superoxide dismutase and catalase. DEN administration caused a significant elevation in serum enzymes and total bilirubin. Moreover, antioxidant enzymes were drastically inhibited with significant reduction in glutathione and increased lipid per oxidation. Increased glutathione level and reduced lipid peroxidation were also evident in S. trilobatum-treated rats. However, crude S. trilobatum and in vitro-derived callus and shoot extracts offered better protection against free radical toxicity induced by DEN.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Sathyabama University, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
authors.forename: Priya
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Govindarajan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vel Tech Multitech Engineering College, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
authors.forename: Chellaram
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chinnachamy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004052:Diethylnitrosamine; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D032322:Solanum / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D004052:Diethylnitrosamine