title: Correlation between endothelial dysfunction and left ventricular remodeling in patients with chronic kidney disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the role of endothelial dysfunction on left ventricular remodeling in patients with chronic kidney disease and to evaluate the correlation between endothelial dysfunction and left ventricular remodeling.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-three patients with chronic kidney disease as study-group and thirty healthy volunteers as control-group were enrolled in the present study. All patients in both groups had echocardiography examination. The concentration of endothelin-1, nitric oxide, and inducible nitric oxide synthase of serum of all patients and healthy volunteers was measured. The incidence of cardiac structural abnormalities in patients with chronic kidney disease, and the relationship between endothelial dysfunction and cardiac structural abnormalities were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of left ventricular hypertrophy, left ventricular concentric remodeling, and left ventricular systolic dysfunction was 65%, 8.33%, and 16.67%, respectively. The level of endothelin-1 and nitric oxide increased in study-group, and the concentration of inducible nitric oxide synthase decreased. There was significant positively relationship between plasma endothelin-1 and left ventricular mass index, interventricular septal thickness, left ventricular diastolic diameter. There was negatively relationship between the level of serum nitric oxide and the maximum flow velocity at the mitral in left ventricular diastolic stage. There was not any correlation between inducible nitric oxide synthase with left ventricular remodeling.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results showed that there was a higher incidence of left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with chronic kidney disease. Endothelin-1 and nitric oxide played an important role on the development of left ventricular hypertrophy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan 250012, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Dengren
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xiangdong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000097:blood; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000097:blood; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019332:Endothelin-1; C496319:NOS2 protein, human; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II