title: Olive domestication and diversification in the Mediterranean Basin.
abstract: Olive (Olea europaea ssp. europaea) is the most important oil fruit crop in temperate areas, but the origin of the cultivated olive remains unclear. The existence of one or several domestication events in the Mediterranean Basin (MB) is still debated. We analyzed a dataset of 387 cultivated and wild accessions that were genotyped at 25 simple-sequence repeat (SSR) loci. The sample represented genetic diversity at the geographic extremes of the MB. We inferred relationships among samples and also applied approximate Bayesian computation to estimate the most probable demographic model of our samples. Cultivated olives clustered into three different gene pools (Q1, Q2 and Q3), corresponding loosely to the west, central and eastern MB, respectively. Q1 consisted primarily of accessions from southern Spain, retained the fingerprint of a genetic bottleneck, and was closely related to accessions from the eastern MB. Q2 showed signs of recent admixture with wild olives and may derive from a local domestication event in the central MB. Overall our results suggest that admixture shaped olive germplasm and perhaps also local domestication events.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Agronomía, Universidad de Córdoba - Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario ceiA3. Edificio C4, Campus de Rabanales, 14014, Córdoba, Spain.|Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
authors.forename: Concepcion M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Diez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Agronomía, Universidad de Córdoba - Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario ceiA3. Edificio C4, Campus de Rabanales, 14014, Córdoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Trujillo
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Agronomía, Universidad de Córdoba - Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario ceiA3. Edificio C4, Campus de Rabanales, 14014, Córdoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Nieves
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Martinez-Urdiroz
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Agronomía, Universidad de Córdoba - Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario ceiA3. Edificio C4, Campus de Rabanales, 14014, Córdoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Barranco
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Agronomía, Universidad de Córdoba - Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario ceiA3. Edificio C4, Campus de Rabanales, 14014, Córdoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rallo
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Historia del Arte, Arqueología y Música. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Córdoba, Plaza del Cardenal Salazar 3, 14071, Córdoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marfil
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
authors.forename: Brandon S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Gaut
mesh_terms: D001499:Bayes Theorem; D003710:Demography; D005788:Gene Pool; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D019083:Mediterranean Region; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics*; D031658:Olea / Q000235:genetics*; D013030:Spain
keywords: center of origin; demographic history; fruit crops; genetic admixture; olive (Olea europaea ssp. europaea); simple-sequence repeats (SSR)