title: Identification of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils in Taizhou, East China.
abstract: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their hazards in surface soil (n = 92) were investigated in Taizhou, China, which is an area in East China famous for production and exporting of rice. Total concentrations of PAHs in soils ranged from 2.3 × 10(1) to 7.6 × 10(2) with a mean of 1.8 × 10(2) μg/kg (dry mass; dm). Concentrations of 16 PAHs reported here were less than those observed in most previous studies in China and other countries. Concentrations of individual PAH in fluvo-aquic soils were greater than those in paddy soils except naphthalene. Fluoranthene and pyrene were dominant PAHs, which accounted for 19.7 and 13.3 % of the total mass of PAHs, respectively. Based on ratios of low molecular weight PAHs to high molecular weight PAHs, diagnostic ratios and principal component analysis, the predominant source of PAHs was combustion and pyrolysis, especially coal, natural gas, gasoline and diesel emissions from traffic, as well as burning of straw. Carcinogenic potencies of 13 samples were 1.1- to 2.9-fold greater than the target values promulgated by the Netherlands, indicating increased carcinogenic risks of soils from these sites. However, risks of cancer via accidental ingestion, dermal absorption and inhalation to humans posed by PAHs in soil were relatively small.
authors.affiliation: State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Analysis for Organic Pollutants in Surface Water, Jiangsu Environmental Monitoring Center, 241 Fenghuang West Street, Nanjing, 210036, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Guanjiu
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Sulan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Beibei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Giesy
authors.forename: Hongxia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D002273:Carcinogens / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D002681:China; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005449:Fluorenes / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced; D012275:Oryza; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D011721:Pyrenes / Q000032:analysis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D005449:Fluorenes; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D011721:Pyrenes; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C007738:fluoranthene; C030984:pyrene