title: Viperin protein expression inhibits the late stage of respiratory syncytial virus morphogenesis.
abstract: We examined the effect of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection on viperin protein expression in the permissive HEp2 and non-permissive RAW 264.7 macrophage cell lines. In RSV-infected HEp2 cells low levels of the viperin protein was localized to the virus-induced inclusion bodies and did not impair virus transmission in these cells. In contrast, RSV-infected RAW 264.7 cells increased expression of the STAT1 protein occurred at between 6 and 12h post-infection, which coincided with the appearance of P-STAT1. A relatively high level of viperin protein expression was detected in infected RAW 264.7 cells, and it was extensively localized throughout the cytoplasm of infected cells. The effect of early viperin protein expression on RSV infection in cells that are normally permissive to RSV cultivation was examined by using either transient transfected HEp2 cells or stable transfected HeLa cells that expressed the viperin protein. The early expression of viperin in HeLa cells did not prevent virus infection, and no significant inhibitory effect on either virus protein expression or targeting of virus proteins to the cell surface was noted. However, while inclusion body formation was not inhibited, early viperin protein expression was associated with the inhibition of virus filament formation and reduced cell-to-cell virus transmission. Inhibition of virus filament formation was also observed in HEp2 cells expressing viperin. Collectively our data suggested that viperin impaired RSV transmission by inhibiting virus filament formation, providing a basis for its anti-virus activity in RSV-infected cells.
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular and Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore.
authors.forename: Muhammad Raihan
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Jumat
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular and Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore.
authors.forename: Tra Ngyen
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Huong
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular and Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore.
authors.forename: Laxmi Iyer
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Ravi
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular and Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore.
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stanford
authors.affiliation: Detection and Diagnostics Laboratory, DSO National Laboratories, 27 Medical Drive, Singapore 117510, Singapore.
authors.forename: Boon Huan
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular and Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore. Electronic address: rjsugrue@ntu.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Sugrue
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007181:Inclusion Bodies, Viral / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D051379:Mice; D009024:Morphogenesis; D044925:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018113:Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014779:Virus Replication; D000090123:Viperin Protein
chemical_list: D044925:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; D011506:Proteins; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; D014764:Viral Proteins; C417529:Rsad2 protein, mouse; D000090123:Viperin Protein; C494079:STAT1 protein, human; C444427:RSAD2 protein, human
keywords: Innate immunity; Interferon; RSAD2; Respiratory syncytial virus; Viperin; Virus assembly