title: A High Frequency of Peripheral Blood IL-22(+) CD4(+) T Cells in Patients With New Onset Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study is aimed at investigating the frequency of different functional IL-22(+) CD4(+) T cells in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
  
  
  METHODS
  The frequency of circulating IFN-γ+IL-17-IL-22-CD4(+) (Th1), IFN-γ-IL-17A+IL-22-CD4(+) (Th17), and IFN-γ-IL-17A-IL-22(+) CD4(+) (Th22), and other subsets of IL-22(+) CD4(+) T cells in 31 patients with new onset T2DM and 16 healthy controls was characterized by flow cytometry. The levels of serum IL-22, IL-17, IFN-γ, insulin C-peptide, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose, and insulin were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequency of Th1, Th17, Th22, IFN-γ(+) IL-17(-) IL-22(+) , and IFN-γ(-) IL-17(+) IL-22(+) CD4(+) T cells and the concentrations of IL-22, but not IL-17 and IFNγ, in the patients were significantly higher than controls. The percentages of Th22 cells were correlated positively with the frequency of IFN-γ(-) IL-17(+) IL-22(+) CD4(+) T cells, the values of body mass index (BMI) and homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and the levels of serum IL-22 in those patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that IL-22(+) CD4(+) T cells may contribute to the early process of T2DM.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
authors.forename: Bing-Chuan
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
authors.forename: Xi-Ge
authors.initials: XG
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, The Tonghua Center Hospital, Tonghua, China.
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Bo
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
authors.forename: Cheng-Ri
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
authors.forename: Yan-Fang
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D003710:Demography; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000097:blood; D007378:Interleukins / Q000097:blood*; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D058504:Th17 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D055815:Young Adult; D000097043:Interleukin-22
chemical_list: D007371:Interferon-gamma; D020381:Interleukin-17; D007378:Interleukins; D000097043:Interleukin-22
keywords: Th17; Th22; type 2 diabetes mellitus