title: Prostate cancer antigen 3 gene expression in peripheral blood and urine sediments from prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia patients versus healthy individuals.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the expression of prostate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3) gene in peripheral blood and urine sediments from patients with prostate cancer (PCa) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and normal subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total number of 48 patients [24 with biopsy proven prostate cancer (PCa) and 24 with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH)] were studied. Twenty-four healthy individuals were also recruited as control group. After blood and urine sampling, total RNA was extracted and cDNA was synthesized. Expression of PCA3 gene was assessed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Comparison of PCA3 gene expression between control and BPH groups indicated no statistically significant differences in both urine and blood samples. Patients with PCa demonstrated an increased PCA3 gene expression rate compared to control and BPH groups (10.64 and 7.17 folds, respectively). The rate of fold increased PCA3 gene expression in urine was 20.90, 20.90, and 20.35 in patients with PCa, BPH and normal subjects, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Evaluation of PCA3 gene expression can be considered as a reliable marker for detection of PCa. Increased level of this marker in urine sediments is more sensitive than blood for distinguishing between cancerous and non-cancerous groups.&nbsp;
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Hemen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Moradi Sardareh
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Taghi
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Goodarzi
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yadegar-Azari
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Modeling of Non-communicable Diseases, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: Jalal
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Poorolajal
authors.affiliation: Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: Seyed Habibollah
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Mousavi-Bahar
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. sjam110@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Massoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saidijam
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000652:urine; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000652:urine; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000652:urine; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000652:urine; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen