title: Comparison of low urinary tract symptoms during pregnancy between primiparous and multiparous women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Low urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are a common problem during pregnancy. This study aimed to compare changes in the prevalence of LUTS during pregnancy between primiparous and multiparous women.
  
  
  METHODS
  A chart review of consecutive pregnant women who attended our antenatal clinic from March 2002 to January 2006 was performed. All of the women were asked to respond to a LUTS questionnaire in either of the three trimesters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 270 women included, 164 were nullipara and 106 were multipara. The most common LUTS during pregnancy were frequency (77%), followed by nocturia (75.6%), stress urinary incontinence (SUI) (51.1%), incomplete emptying (43.7%), dysuria (17.8%), and urgency incontinence (10.4%). There was a significantly higher prevalence of SUI (P<0.001) and urgency incontinence (P=0.005) in the multiparous compared to the nulliparous women. Increasing prevalence rates of frequency, nocturia, SUI, and incomplete emptying were reported with gestational age in both the nulliparous and multiparous women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Frequency and nocturia were the two most common LUTS during pregnancy. The prevalence rates of all LUTS increased with increasing gestational age except for frequency in the nulliparous women during the second trimester. In addition, multipara was a predictor of SUI during pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kun-Ling
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ching-Ju
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chi Mei Foundation Hospital, Tainan 710, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ming-Ping
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan Road, San-Min District, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Cheng-Yu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Long
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chin-Hu
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan Road, San-Min District, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chiu-Lin
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D010298:Parity / Q000502:physiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014550:Urinary Incontinence, Stress / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014551:Urinary Tract / Q000503:physiopathology*