title: Endothelial cell activation, oxidative stress and inflammation induced by a panel of metal-based nanomaterials.
abstract: The importance of composition, size, crystal structure, charge and coating of metal-based nanomaterials (NMs) were evaluated in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and/or THP-1 monocytic cells. Biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation were assessed because they are important in the development of cardiovascular diseases. The NMs used were five TiO(2) NMs with different charge, size and crystal structure, coated and uncoated ZnO NMs and Ag which were tested in a wide concentration range. There were major differences between the types of NMs; exposure to ZnO and Ag resulted in cytotoxicity and increased gene expression levels of HMOX1 and IL8. The intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(VCAM-1) expression were highest in TiO(2) NM-exposed cells. There was increased adhesion of THP-1 monocytic cells onto HUVECs with Ag exposure. None of the NMs increased the intracellular ROS production. There were no major effects of the coating of ZnO NMs. The TiO(2) NMs data on ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression suggested that the anatase form was more potent than the rutile form. In addition, the larger TiO(2) NM was more potent than the smaller for gene expression and ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression. The toxicological profile of cardiovascular disease-relevant biomarkers depended on composition, size and crystal structure of TiO(2) NMs, whereas the charge on TiO(2) NMs and the coating of ZnO NMs were not associated with differences in toxicological profile.
authors.affiliation: a Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark.
authors.forename: Pernille Høgh
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Danielsen
authors.affiliation: a Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: a Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roursgaard
authors.affiliation: a Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Møller
authors.affiliation: a Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark.
authors.forename: Steffen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Loft
mesh_terms: D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced*; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010316:Particle Size; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D016209:Interleukin-8; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; C009495:titanium dioxide; D012834:Silver; D014025:Titanium; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; D015034:Zinc Oxide
keywords: Cardiovascular effects; cell adhesion; cell cultures; gene expression