title: Black rice (Oryza sativa L.) extracts induce osteoblast differentiation and protect against bone loss in ovariectomized rats.
abstract: Osteoporosis, an age associated skeletal disease, exhibits increased adipogenesis at the expense of osteogenesis from common osteoporotic bone marrow cells. In this study, black rice (Oryza sativa L.) extracts (BRE) were identified as osteogenic inducers. BRE stimulated the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in both C3H10T1/2 and primary bone marrow cells. Similarly, BRE increased mRNA expression of ALP and osterix. Oral administration of BRE in OVX rats prevented decreases in bone density and strength. By contrast, BRE inhibited adipocyte differentiation of mesenchymal C3H10T1/2 cells and prevented increases in body weight and fat mass in high fat diet fed obese mice, further suggesting the dual effects of BRE on anti-adipogenesis and pro-osteogenesis. UPLC analysis identified cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and peonidin-3-O-glucoside as main anti-adipogenic effectors but not for pro-osteogenic induction. In mechanism studies, BRE selectively stimulated Wnt-driven luciferase activities. BRE treatment also induced Wnt-specific target genes such as Axin2, WISP2, and Cyclin D1. Taken together, these data suggest that BRE is a potentially useful ingredient to protect against age related osteoporosis and diet induced obesity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea. kwpark@skku.edu.
authors.forename: Woo-Seok
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Cho-Rong
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Hwan Hee
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: No-Joon
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Jong-Keun
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jee-Yin
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Jaejoon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Woo Duck
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Young Min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kye Won
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D050156:Adipogenesis; D000818:Animals; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010012:Osteogenesis; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010052:Ovariectomy; D010860:Pigments, Biological / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D010860:Pigments, Biological; D010936:Plant Extracts