title: Updating the role played by immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis: meta-analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although the effectiveness of allergen monotherapy immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis (AR) has been well established by many prior studies, other aspects of immunotherapy are still incompletely documented by high-quality studies. The many published papers describe various results. The aim of the present study was to conduct a meta-analysis on the effectiveness of allergen immunotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 56 homogeneous studies were included in the analysis. The inclusion criteria used to select articles were as follows: (1) placebo-controlled clinical trials; (2) the use of immunotherapy; (3) participants and/or physicians were or were not blinded to immunotherapy or placebo assignment (single-blinding, double-blinding, or no-blinding studies); and (4) randomization or not of those in the immunotherapy and placebo groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Between 2003 and 2013, 114 placebo-controlled clinical trials were reported in Medline. Studies describing recovery rates in immunotherapy and placebo groups numbered 56. The distribution of such works was homogeneous (heterogeneity chi-square = 16.11; degrees of freedom [df] = 55; p = 1.000). The extent of recovery in immunotherapy groups was 53.671-fold greater than in placebo groups (Mantel-Haenszel [M-H] pooled risk ratio [RR] = 53.671; 95% confidence interval [CI], 36.981 to 77.893; z = 20.96; p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our meta-analysis suggests that immunotherapy is associated with a recovery rate 53.671-fold that of placebo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical Faculty, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Cemal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cingi
authors.forename: Nuray Bayar
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Muluk
authors.forename: Deniz
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hanci
authors.forename: Seckin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ulusoy
authors.forename: Fezan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sahin
mesh_terms: D018849:Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic; D003888:Desensitization, Immunologic / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D065631:Rhinitis, Allergic / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: allergic rhinitis; immunotherapy; meta-analysis; placebo-controlled clinical trials; recovery rate