title: Inhibition of tumor growth by β-elemene through downregulation of the expression of uPA, uPAR, MMP-2, and MMP-9 in a murine intraocular melanoma model.
abstract: This paper explores the underlying mechanism through which β-elemene inhibits the growth of intraocular melanoma in a mouse model. C57BL/6J mice were administered a subretinal injection of B16F10 melanoma cells and divided into two groups: treatment and control. The treatment group was administered β-elemene through an intravitreal injection and the control group was injected with a blank emulsion. After 21 days of continuous treatment, tumor masses were removed and weighed. The mRNA expression levels of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), uPA receptor (uPAR), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, and MMP-9 were assayed by real-time PCR, and the protein expression levels of uPA, uPAR, MMP-2, and MMP-9 were assayed by immunocytochemistry and western blotting. Tumor size was inhibited by β-elemene in the treatment group, and the expressions of uPA, uPAR, MMP-2, and MMP-9 were all downregulated at both the mRNA and the protein level compared with the control group. In a mouse model of intraocular melanoma, β-elemene inhibits tumor growth by downregulating the expression of uPA, uPAR, MMP-2, and MMP-9.
authors.affiliation: aDepartment of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Shushan, Hefei bDepartment of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Li-Min
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005134:Eye Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional; D008545:Melanoma / Q000378:metabolism*; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D055293:Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator / Q000378:metabolism*; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D055293:Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; C445979:beta-elemene; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; C522362:Mmp2 protein, mouse; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; C501830:Mmp9 protein, mouse