title: Nutrition in extremely low birth weight infants: impact on bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease that affects premature infants with multifactorial etiology. Some authors have considered malnutrition to be a major factor promoting BDP. The aim of our study was to examine the contribution of enteral and parenteral nutritional intake in the first 14 days of life to the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in a sample of preterm infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective cohort study was conducted on all preterm infants born between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2013. The nutritional parameters compiled included the cumulative amount of fluids, calories, proteins, carbohydrates and lipids consumed. Statistical analysis of the data consisted of a descriptive analysis, Mann-Whitney pairwise comparison test and logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The total caloric intake in the infants studied was significantly lower in patients with subsequent bronchopulmonary dysplasia (76.1 kCal/kg, 95% CI: 71.2-81.1 vs. 91.1 kCal/kg, 95% CI: 87.5-94.8). The intake of carbohydrate and fat was significantly lower in the patients with BPD (11.6 g/kg, 95% CI: 11.1-12.0 vs. 12.6 g/kg, 95% CI: 12.1-13; and 2.5 g/kg, 95% CI: 2.3-2.7 vs. 3.4 g/kg, 95% CI: 2.9-3.9, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study shows that infants who develop bronchopulmonary dysplasia receive a lower enteral intake of calories and total lipids during the first 14 days of life.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Service, San Cecilio Clinical Hospital, Granada, Spain - juberos@ugr.es.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Uberos
authors.forename: Marita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lardón-Fernández
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Machado-Casas
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Molina-Oya
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Narbona-López
mesh_terms: D001997:Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia / Q000209:etiology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002149:Energy Intake; D004750:Enteral Nutrition / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007228:Infant Nutrition Disorders / Q000150:complications*; D052577:Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008055:Lipids / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D010288:Parenteral Nutrition / Q000379:methods*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D008055:Lipids