title: Impact of ozone pre-treatment on the performance of upflow anaerobic sludge blanket treating pre-treated grain distillery wastewater.
abstract: Two 2 L laboratory-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors were operated for 277 days. The substrate of the control reactor (Rc) contained grain distillery wastewater (GDWW) that had undergone coagulant pre-treatment, and the substrate of the second UASB reactor consisted of GDWW that had undergone coagulant pre-treatment and ozone pre-treatment (Ro). Both reactors treated pre-treated GDWW successfully at ca. 9 kgCOD m(-3) d(-1). Chemical oxygen demand (COD) reductions of ca. 96% for Rc and 93% for Ro were achieved. Fats, oils and grease (FOG) reductions (%) showed variations throughout the study, and reductions of ca. 88 and 92% were achieved for Rc and Ro, respectively. Rc produced more biogas, and the methane percentage was similar in both reactors. UASB granule washout in Rc suggested possible toxicity of unsaturated fatty acids present in non-ozonated substrate. The feasibility of FOG removal was demonstrated as both reactors successfully treated pre-treated GDWW. Better results were obtained for Ro effluent during post-ozonation. The ozone pre-treatment possibly led to easier degradable wastewater, and better results could potentially be obtained when other post-treatment steps are applied. Ozone pre-treatment did not, however, show an added benefit in the reactor performance results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa E-mail: robertsonl@arc.agric.za.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa E-mail: robertsonl@arc.agric.za.
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Britz
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa E-mail: robertsonl@arc.agric.za.
authors.forename: G O
authors.initials: GO
authors.lastname: Sigge
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis; D019149:Bioreactors; D057168:Distillation; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000737:chemistry*; D010126:Ozone / Q000737:chemistry*; D012722:Sewage / Q000737:chemistry*; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D012722:Sewage; D010126:Ozone