title: The InterPro protein families database: the classification resource after 15 years.
abstract: The InterPro database (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/interpro/) is a freely available resource that can be used to classify sequences into protein families and to predict the presence of important domains and sites. Central to the InterPro database are predictive models, known as signatures, from a range of different protein family databases that have different biological focuses and use different methodological approaches to classify protein families and domains. InterPro integrates these signatures, capitalizing on the respective strengths of the individual databases, to produce a powerful protein classification resource. Here, we report on the status of InterPro as it enters its 15th year of operation, and give an overview of new developments with the database and its associated Web interfaces and software. In particular, the new domain architecture search tool is described and the process of mapping of Gene Ontology terms to InterPro is outlined. We also discuss the challenges faced by the resource given the explosive growth in sequence data in recent years. InterPro (version 48.0) contains 36,766 member database signatures integrated into 26,238 InterPro entries, an increase of over 3993 entries (5081 signatures), since 2012.
authors.affiliation: European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.
authors.forename: Alex
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authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.affiliation: European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.
authors.forename: Hsin-Yu
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.
authors.forename: Louise
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authors.lastname: Daugherty
authors.affiliation: European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.
authors.forename: Matthew
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authors.lastname: Fraser
authors.affiliation: European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.
authors.forename: Sarah
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authors.lastname: Hunter
authors.affiliation: European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.
authors.forename: Rodrigo
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authors.affiliation: European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.
authors.forename: Craig
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authors.lastname: McAnulla
authors.affiliation: European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.
authors.forename: Conor
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authors.lastname: McMenamin
authors.affiliation: European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.
authors.forename: Gift
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authors.lastname: Nuka
authors.affiliation: European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.
authors.forename: Sebastien
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authors.lastname: Pesseat
authors.affiliation: European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.
authors.forename: Amaia
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authors.affiliation: European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.
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authors.affiliation: European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.
authors.forename: Claudia
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authors.lastname: Rato
authors.affiliation: European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.
authors.forename: Siew-Yit
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Yong
authors.affiliation: European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.
authors.forename: Alex
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authors.lastname: Bateman
authors.affiliation: European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.
authors.forename: Marco
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authors.lastname: Punta
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Life Science and School of Computer Science, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
authors.forename: Teresa K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Attwood
authors.affiliation: Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), CMU - Rue Michel-Servet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Christian J A
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Sigrist
authors.affiliation: Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), CMU - Rue Michel-Servet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Nicole
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authors.lastname: Redaschi
authors.affiliation: Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), CMU - Rue Michel-Servet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rivoire
authors.affiliation: Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), CMU - Rue Michel-Servet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Xenarios
authors.affiliation: Pôle Rhône-Alpin de Bio-Informatique (PRABI), Batiment G. Mendel, Universite Claude Bernard, 43 bd du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kahn
authors.affiliation: Pôle Rhône-Alpin de Bio-Informatique (PRABI), Batiment G. Mendel, Universite Claude Bernard, 43 bd du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Dominique
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authors.lastname: Guyot
authors.affiliation: European Molecular Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Peer
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authors.lastname: Bork
authors.affiliation: European Molecular Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Ivica
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3560-4288
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Letunic
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Science, University of Bristol, Woodland Road, Bristol, BS8 1UB, UK.
authors.forename: Julian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gough
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Science, University of Bristol, Woodland Road, Bristol, BS8 1UB, UK.
authors.forename: Matt
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authors.lastname: Oates
authors.affiliation: J. Craig Venter Institute (JCVI), 9704 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel
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authors.affiliation: Protein Information Resource (PIR), Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
authors.forename: Hongzhan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Protein Information Resource (PIR), Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
authors.forename: Darren A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Natale
authors.affiliation: Protein Information Resource (PIR), Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007, USA Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711, USA.
authors.forename: Cathy H
authors.initials: CH
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authors.affiliation: Structural and Molecular Biology Department, University College London, University of London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
authors.forename: Christine
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authors.lastname: Orengo
authors.affiliation: Structural and Molecular Biology Department, University College London, University of London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sillitoe
authors.affiliation: Division of Bioinformatics, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
authors.forename: Huaiyu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mi
authors.affiliation: Division of Bioinformatics, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
authors.forename: Paul D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.affiliation: European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK rdf@ebi.ac.uk.
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mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism; D030562:Databases, Protein; D063990:Gene Ontology; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011506:Proteins / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D020539:Sequence Analysis, Protein; D012984:Software
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins