title: Aerosol gene delivery using viral vectors and cationic carriers for in vivo lung cancer therapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Lung cancer has the highest mortality rate among all cancers in both men and women. Aerosol delivery is a noninvasive method for gene delivery to the lungs, although efficient and biocompatible vectors need to be developed for lung cancer therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  This review summarizes recent advances in airway gene delivery for lung cancer treatment in animal models using viral vectors or cationic polymers. Viral vectors including lentiviruses and adenoviruses have been used for airway gene delivery because of their high transfection efficiency. Cationic polymers have also been developed for aerosol gene therapy owing to their biocompatibility and ease of modification.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Efficient delivery and specific promoters are needed for lung cancer therapy. Capsid engineering or PEGylation can lower immunogenicity. Moreover, immunotherapy and oncolytic viruses need to be tested with aerosol delivery for lung cancer therapy. Meanwhile, naturally existing cationic materials may allow the development of novel and biocompatible carriers. In combination with various technologies for aerosol delivery, novel and specific carriers could be developed for lung cancer therapy in the future. Finally, standardized protocols for quantifying and manufacturing viral vectors and cationic polymers need to be developed in order to ensure biosafety.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Seoul National University , Seoul 151-742 , South Korea +82 2 880 1276 ; mchotox@snu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Seong-Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Sung-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Somin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Chong Su
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Myung-Haing
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Cho
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols; D000818:Animals; D002412:Cations; D005260:Female; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D002412:Cations; D011108:Polymers
keywords: aerosol gene delivery; cationic polymers; gene therapy; lung cancer; viral vectors