title: Designing biocompatible Ti-based metallic glasses for implant applications.
abstract: Ti-based metallic glasses show high potential for implant applications; they overcome in several crucial respects their well-established biocompatible crystalline counterparts, e.g. improved corrosion properties, higher fracture strength and wear resistance, increased elastic strain range and lower Young's modulus. However, some of the elements required for glass formation (e.g. Cu, Ni) are harmful for the human body. We critically reviewed the biological safety and glass forming tendency in Ti of 27 elements. This can be used as a basis for the future designing of novel amorphous Ti-based implant alloys entirely free of harmful additions. In this paper, two first alloys were developed: Ti(75)Zr(10)Si(15) and Ti(60)Nb(15)Zr(10)Si(15). The overheating temperature of the melt before casting can be used as the controlling parameter to produce fully amorphous materials or bcc-Ti-phase reinforced metallic glass nano-composites. The beneficial effect of Nb addition on the glass-formation and amorphous phase stability was assessed by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. Crystallization and mechanical behavior of ribbons are influenced by the amount and distribution of the nano-scaled bcc phase existing in the as-cast state. Their electrochemical stability in Ringer's solution at 310 K was found to be significantly better than that of commercial Ti-based biomaterials; no indication for pitting corrosion was recorded.
authors.affiliation: IFW Dresden, P.O. Box 270116, D-01171 Dresden, Germany. Electronic address: m.calin@ifw-dresden.de.
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Calin
authors.affiliation: IFW Dresden, P.O. Box 270116, D-01171 Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Annett
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gebert
authors.affiliation: IFW Dresden, P.O. Box 270116, D-01171 Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreea Cosmina
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Ghinea
authors.affiliation: IFW Dresden, P.O. Box 270116, D-01171 Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Petre Flaviu
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Gostin
authors.affiliation: IFW Dresden, P.O. Box 270116, D-01171 Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Somayeh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abdi
authors.affiliation: IFW Dresden, P.O. Box 270116, D-01171 Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mickel
authors.affiliation: IFW Dresden, P.O. Box 270116, D-01171 Dresden, Germany; TU Dresden, Institute of Materials Science, D-01062 Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Eckert
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D003343:Corrosion; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry*; D006244:Hardness; D008422:Materials Testing; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D014025:Titanium