title: Effects of hyaluronic acid and γ-globulin concentrations on the frictional response of human osteoarthritic articular cartilage.
abstract: Synovial fluid plays an important role in lubricating synovial joints. Its main constituents are hyaluronic acid (HA) and γ-globulin, acting as boundary lubricants for articular cartilage. The aim of the study was to demonstrate the concentration-dependent effect of HA and γ-globulin on the boundary-lubricating ability of human osteoarthritis (OA) cartilage. Normal, early and advance stage articular cartilage samples were obtained from human femoral heads and in presence of either HA or γ-globulin, cartilage frictional coefficient (µ) was measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM). In advanced stage OA, the cartilage superficial layer was observed to be completely removed and the damaged cartilage surface showed a higher µ value (∼ 0.409) than the normal cartilage surface (∼ 0.119) in PBS. Adsorbed HA and γ-globulin molecules significantly improved the frictional behavior of advanced OA cartilage, while they were ineffective for normal and early OA cartilage. In advanced-stage OA, the concentration-dependent frictional response of articular cartilage was observed with γ-globulin, but not with HA. Our result suggested that HA and γ-globulin may play a significant role in improving frictional behavior of advanced OA cartilage. During early-stage OA, though HA and γ-globulin had no effect on improving frictional behavior of cartilage, however, they might contribute to disease modifying effects of synovial fluid as observed in clinical settings.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Yong
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea; Mechanical Engineering Department, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Cong-Truyen
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Duong
authors.affiliation: Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ashish Ranjan
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyeong-Min
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Son
authors.affiliation: Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Mark S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sungchan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jun-Dong
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ju-Suk
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.affiliation: Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seonghun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang-Soo
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D018450:Disease Progression; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004548:Elasticity; D005270:Femur Head / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D017276:Friction / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008153:Lubrication; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D008875:Middle Aged; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques; D005719:gamma-Globulins / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D005719:gamma-Globulins; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid