title: Development of poly(lactic acid) nanostructured membranes for the controlled delivery of progesterone to livestock animals.
abstract: Solution blow spinning (SBS) is a novel technology feasible to produce nanostructured polymeric membranes loaded with active agents. In the present study, nanofibrous mats of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) loaded with progesterone (P4) were produced by SBS at different P4 concentrations. The spun membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The in vitro releasing of P4 was evaluated using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Interactions between progesterone and PLA were confirmed by rheological measurements of the PLA/P4 solutions and in the spun mats by microscopy (SEM), thermal (DSC) and spectral (FTIR) analyses. SEM micrographs provided evidences of a smooth and homogeneous structure for nanostructured membranes without progesterone crystals on fiber surface. FTIR spectroscopy indicated miscibility and interaction between the ester of PLA and the ketone groups of the P4 in the nanofibers. X-ray analysis indicated that the size of PLA crystallites increased with progesterone content. Finally, by in vitro release experiments it was possible to observe that the progesterone releasing follows nearly first-order kinetics, probably due to the diffusion of hormone into PLA nanofibers.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia para o Agronegócio (LNNA), Embrapa Instrumentação (CNPDIA), Rua XV de Novembro, 1452, Centro, 13.560, 970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juliano Elvis
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), Departamento de Engenharia de Materiais (DEMAT), Cidade Universitária, 58.051-900, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eliton Souto
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Medeiros
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), 87.020, 900 Maringá, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lucio
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cardozo
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), 87.020, 900 Maringá, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Voll
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga-SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ed Hoffmann
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Madureira
authors.affiliation: Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia para o Agronegócio (LNNA), Embrapa Instrumentação (CNPDIA), Rua XV de Novembro, 1452, Centro, 13.560, 970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: mattoso@cnpdia.embrapa.br.
authors.forename: Luiz Henrique Capparelli
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Mattoso
authors.affiliation: Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia para o Agronegócio (LNNA), Embrapa Instrumentação (CNPDIA), Rua XV de Novembro, 1452, Centro, 13.560, 970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Odilio Benedito Garrido
authors.initials: OB
authors.lastname: Assis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D003460:Crystallization; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry; D007700:Kinetics; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D057139:Nanofibers / Q000737:chemistry; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D011374:Progesterone / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D044366:Transition Temperature; D014783:Viscosity; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers; D019344:Lactic Acid; C033616:poly(lactide); D011374:Progesterone