title: A review: potential usage of cellulose nanofibers (CNF) for enzyme immobilization via covalent interactions.
abstract: Nanobiocatalysis is a new frontier of emerging nanosized material support in enzyme immobilization application. This paper is about a comprehensive review on cellulose nanofibers (CNF), including their structure, surface modification, chemical coupling for enzyme immobilization, and potential applications. The CNF surface consists of mainly -OH functional group that can be directly interacted weakly with enzyme, and its binding can be improved by surface modification and interaction of chemical coupling that forms a strong and stable covalent immobilization of enzyme. The knowledge of covalent interaction for enzyme immobilization is important to provide more efficient interaction between CNF support and enzyme molecule. Enzyme immobilization onto CNF is having potential for improving enzymatic performance and production yield, as well as contributing toward green technology and sustainable sources.
authors.affiliation: Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Safwan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sulaiman
authors.forename: Mohd Noriznan
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Mokhtar
authors.forename: Mohd Nazli
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Naim
authors.forename: Azhari Samsu
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Baharuddin
authors.forename: Alawi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sulaiman
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry*; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000737:chemistry; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry*; D055772:Green Chemistry Technology; D057139:Nanofibers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D002482:Cellulose