title: Mild hypothermia combined with neural stem cell transplantation for hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: neuroprotective effects of combined therapy.
abstract: Neural stem cell transplantation is a useful treatment for ischemic stroke, but apoptosis often occurs in the hypoxic-ischemic environment of the brain after cell transplantation. In this study, we determined if mild hypothermia (27-28°C) can increase the survival rate of neural stem cells (1.0 × 10(5)/μL) transplanted into neonatal mice with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Long-term effects on neurological functioning of the mice were also examined. After mild hypothermia combined with neural stem cell transplantation, we observed decreased expression levels of inflammatory factor nuclear factor-kappa B and apoptotic factor caspase-3, reduced cerebral infarct volumes, increased survival rate of transplanted cells, and marked improvements in neurological function. Thus, the neuroprotective effects of mild hypothermia combined with neural stem cell transplantation are superior to those of monotherapy. Moreover, our findings suggest that the neuroprotective effects of mild hypothermia combined with neural stem cell transplantation on hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy are achieved by anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, China.
authors.forename: Qifeng
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoguang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ma
keywords: NSFC grants; astrocytes; brain injury; cell apoptosis; cell transplantation; hippocampus; hypothermia; hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy; nerve regeneration; neural precursor cells; neural regeneration; neural stem cells; neuron; neuroprotection; oligodendrocytes