title: NUT midline carcinoma of the mediastinum showing two types of poorly differentiated tumor cells: a case report and a literature review.
abstract: Nuclear protein in testis (NUT) midline carcinoma (NMC) is an extremely aggressive carcinoma that is genetically defined by rearrangement of the NUT gene. Herein, we describe a case of NMC in a young Japanese man, and review 31 cases of NMC in the literature. The present case was of a massive tumor of the anterior and middle mediastinum in a 26-year-old man. The tumor included 2 types of poorly differentiated tumor cells and was immunohistochemically positive for the NUT-specific antigen, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), cluster of differentiation 99 (CD99) antigen, CD45RO antigen, keratins, p63, and p40. The patient died 2 months after the initial diagnosis. At least two-thirds of the 31 NMC cases in the literature were immunohistochemically positive for EMA, p63, and AE1/AE3. However, some exceptional NMC cases are keratins-negative/CD99-positive like Ewing sarcoma or CD45RO-positive like the present case.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: harumist0505@yahoo.co.jp.
authors.forename: Harumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsuta
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Pathology, National Defense Medicine College, Tokorozawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsuda
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Katsuya
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Go
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Naka
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iizuka
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Igari
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D015321:Gene Rearrangement / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008479:Mediastinal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D014157:Transcription Factors
keywords: Case report; Immunohistochemistry; NUT midline carcinoma