title: Association of interleukin-18 gene polymorphism with susceptibility to visceral leishmaniasis in endemic area of Bihar, an Indian population.
abstract: Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a cytokine that mediates Th1 response by inducing interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) production in T cells and natural killer cells. Genetic polymorphisms in the IL-18 gene have been found to be associated with its expression in cancer, tuberculosis, HBV infection, and various other diseases. Lower plasma level of IL-18 in visceral leishmaniasis (VL) patients might be associated with polymorphisms in the regulating or coding region of the gene. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rs1946519 (-656 G/T) and rs187238 (-137 G/C) in the promoter region and rs549908 (+105 A/C) in the codon region, were genotyped in 204 parasitological confirmed VL patients and 267 controls with no past history of VL. For each locus, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by restriction digestion was performed. IL-18 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) collected from VL patients and controls was measured by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Distribution of G allele at position -656 (P < 0.0001) and double haplotypes GGC/GGA (P = 0.05) were found to be significantly associated with controls while genotypes TT (P < 0.0001) and single haplotypes TGA (P = 0.0002), with cases. The inheritance of G allele at the position -656 might be considered as a protective allele for VL.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221 005, India.
authors.forename: Dinesh
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Infectious Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221 005, India.
authors.forename: Puja
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tiwary
authors.affiliation: Infectious Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221 005, India.
authors.forename: Jaya
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chakravarty
authors.affiliation: Infectious Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221 005, India.
authors.forename: Shyam
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9988-582X
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sundar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D019353:Endemic Diseases; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D020382:Interleukin-18 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D007893:Leishmania donovani / Q000276:immunology; D018314:Leishmania infantum / Q000276:immunology; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology; D008297:Male; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic
chemical_list: D020382:Interleukin-18