title: Defining dimensions of research readiness: a conceptual model for primary care research networks.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recruitment to research studies in primary care is challenging despite widespread implementation of electronic patient record (EPR) systems which potentially make it easier to identify eligible cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Literature review and applying the learning from a European research readiness assessment tool, the TRANSFoRm International Research Readiness instrument (TIRRE), to the context of the English NHS in order to develop a model to assess a practice's research readiness.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven dimensions of research readiness were identified: (1) Data readiness: Is there good data quality in EPR systems; (2) Record readiness: Are EPR data able to identify eligible cases and other study data; (3) Organisational readiness: Are the health system and socio-cultural environment supportive; (4) Governance readiness: Does the study meet legal and local health system regulatory compliance; (5) Study-specific readiness; (6) Business process readiness: Are business processes tilted in favour of participation: including capacity and capability to take on extra work, financial incentives as well as intangibles such as social and intellectual capital; (7) Patient readiness: Are systems in place to recruit patients and obtain informed consent?
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The model might enable the development of interventions to increase participation in primary care-based research and become a tool to measure the progress of practice networks towards the most advanced state of readiness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Care Management and Policy, Clinical Informatics and Health Outcomes Research Group, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK. hfcarr@doctors.org.uk.
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Carr
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Care Management and Policy, Clinical Informatics and Health Outcomes Research Group, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK. s.lusignan@surrey.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: de Lusignan
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Care Management and Policy, Clinical Informatics and Health Outcomes Research Group, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK. h.liyanage@surrey.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Harshana
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liyanage
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health & Community Medicine, UNSW Medicine Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia. siaw@unsw.edu.au.
authors.forename: Siaw-Teng
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Liaw
authors.affiliation: Centre for Studies in Family Medicine, The Western Centre for Public Health and Family Medicine, 2nd Floor, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, 1151 Richmond St, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada. Amanda.Terry@schulich.uwo.ca.
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Terry
authors.affiliation: Royal College of General Practitioners, 30 Euston Square, London, NW1 2FB, England. Imran.Rafi@rcgp.org.uk.
authors.forename: Imran
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rafi
mesh_terms: D035843:Biomedical Research; D003625:Data Collection; D057286:Electronic Health Records; D004739:England; D006801:Humans; D018579:Patient Selection; D011320:Primary Health Care; D013222:State Medicine