title: Hospitalisation costs for infant bronchiolitis are up to 20 times higher if intensive care is needed.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Up to 3% of infants with bronchiolitis under 12 months of age are hospitalised, and up to 9% require intensive care. We evaluated the costs of bronchiolitis hospitalisation, with a special focus on whether infants needed intensive care.
  
  
  METHODS
  Baseline and cost data were retrospectively collected, using electronic hospital files, for 80 infants under 12 months old who were treated in the paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) for bronchiolitis during a 13-year period. We calculated the daily costs for patients admitted to the PICU and compared them with 104 admitted to inpatient wards and 56 outpatients treated in the emergency department.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean hospitalisation cost for PICU patients was €8061 (95% CI 6193-9929), compared to €1834 (1649-2020) for other inpatients and €359 (331-387) for the outpatients. The hospitalisation cost per patient was associated with length of hospital stay, but not gender, age on admission or gestational age. There was no constant increase or decrease in hospitalisation costs during the study period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The hospitalisation costs of infants treated in the PICU for bronchiolitis at <12 months of age were approximately four times more than for other inpatients and over 20 times more than for outpatients. Strategies are needed to reduce the need for intensive care.
authors.affiliation: School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland; Center for Child Health Research, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Heikkilä
authors.forename: Leena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Forma
authors.forename: Matti
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Korppi
mesh_terms: D001988:Bronchiolitis / Q000191:economics / Q000628:therapy*; D003422:Critical Care / Q000191:economics*; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland; D017721:Hospital Costs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000191:economics*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D015278:Intensive Care Units, Pediatric / Q000191:economics; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000191:economics; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies
keywords: Bronchiolitis; Healthcare provider; Hospitalisation costs; Length of hospitalisation; Paediatric intensive care