title: Emergency Department-Based Brief Intervention to Reduce Risky Driving: A Life Course Perspective.
abstract: Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) has promise as a clinical intervention for health-compromising behaviors. We used a randomized controlled design in an Emergency Department (ED) setting to determine the efficacy of a nurse-delivered SBIRT to address risky driving in people 18 to 44 years of age. Risky drivers (n = 476) were randomized to brief intervention (BIG), contact-control (CCG), or no-contact-control (NCG) groups and were followed at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Outcomes included safety belt use, speeding, and driving through traffic lights. Safety belt use, times speeding between 10 and 19 mph over speed limit, and times driving through a yellow light declined significantly in the BIG as compared with the CCG at 3, 6, and 9 months. SBIRT reduced risky driving in our sample, but its effects did not persist after 9 months. We suggest that SBIRT has the potential to reduce vehicular-related injury in the 9 months after a brief intervention.
authors.affiliation: University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA ssommer@nursing.upenn.edu.
authors.forename: Marilyn S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Sommers
authors.affiliation: University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
authors.forename: Catherine C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: McDonald
authors.affiliation: Utah State University, Logan, USA.
authors.forename: Jamison D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Fargo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000523:psychology*; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D005260:Female; D006293:Health Promotion; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D012449:Safety; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: acute care setting; adolescent; clinical research areas; health care settings; health promotion; nursing interventions; public health; risky driving