title: Estimated GFR or albuminuria: which one is really associated with resistant hypertension?
abstract: Patients with resistant hypertension belong to a very high cardiovascular risk group and have a high prevalence of target organ damage. Microalbuminuria and low estimated glomerular filtration rate are associated with resistant hypertension, and could be a cause and/or complication of hypertension. In this review, we explore the relationship between these 2 markers of kidney disease and the prevalence of resistant hypertension. We identified different phenotypes of resistant hypertension that associate with microalbuminuria and/or low estimated glomerular filtration rate. These phenotypes suggest that high sympathetic activity associated with fluid overload and endothelial dysfunction may contribute differently to the development of resistant hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Hospital Privado, Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto de Investigación Médica "Mercedes y Martin Ferreyra," INIMEC-CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: César A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Romero
authors.affiliation: Section of Nephrology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
authors.forename: Aldo J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Peixoto
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación Médica "Mercedes y Martin Ferreyra," INIMEC-CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina; Sanatorio Allende, Córdoba, Argentina. Electronic address: marcelo.orias@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Orias
mesh_terms: D000419:Albuminuria / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003329:Coronary Vasospasm / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000652:urine; D004351:Drug Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000503:physiopathology; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000652:urine; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000503:physiopathology*
keywords: Resistant hypertension; endothelial dysfunction; glomerular filtration rate; microalbuminuria