title: Ergonomic determinants of back pain in physiotherapists involved in paediatric neurorehabilitation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Work-related musculoskeletal disorders in physiotherapists working with children are due to the failure to apply the principles of ergonomics in their daily practice, which is often caused by the necessity of working in forced positions. Health hazards are even bigger because of the disproportion of body weight and height between the patient and the therapist. The aim of the study was to evaluate positions of the spine at work among physiotherapists involved in child neurorehabilitation and their impact on the occurrence of back pain.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study enrolled 84 physiotherapists between the ages of 28-55 years involved in child neurorehabilitation whose seniority in the profession ranged from 2 to 33 years. The physiotherapists were interviewed about their work and its negative consequences. The 6-degree Jackson and Moskowitz scale was used to determine the level of pain intensity. Three-dimensional positions of the spine were recorded under natural working conditions using a SonoSens Monitor 8 ultrasonic measuring system. The recorded data was compared with the so-called "profile for ergonomic operation of the spine". The idea behind the study was to find the relation between pain intensity, duration and location on the one hand, and working positions of the spine and other data from the interview on the other. The statistical analysis was based on Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, analysis of variance with single classification, post hoc analysis (Tukey test) and the chi-square test (%2). The level of statistical significance was established at p < 0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All subjects reported 1-4° pain. The intensity of pain increased with age, profession seniority, duration of the history of pain and duration of a sense of fatigue persisting after work. Pain intensity correlated with the length of time the spine was placed in unergonomic positions - especially in excessive lateral flexion in the thoracic segment and rotation in the cervical, thoracic and lumbar segments.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  1. Positions of the spine in physiotherapists involved in neurorehabilitation of children are unergonomic and back pain is common in these therapists. 2 There is a correlation between working techniques and the prevalence of pain in physiotherapists.
authors.affiliation: Division of Foundations of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Higher School of Administration in Bielsko-Biala, Poland.
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Czupryna
authors.affiliation: Division of Foundations of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Higher School of Administration in Bielsko-Biala, Poland.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Nowotny-Czupryna
authors.affiliation: Division of Physiotherapy. Faculty of Physiotherapy, Higher School of Administration in Bielsko-Biala, Poland.
authors.forename: Janusz
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nowotny
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001416:Back Pain / Q000209:etiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006804:Ergonomics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D000066530:Neurological Rehabilitation; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D059825:Physical Therapists; D013124:Spinal Injuries / Q000150:complications*