title: Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation with heliox in premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the efficacy of nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation with heliox in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Premature infants with mild respiratory distress syndrome requiring non-invasive respiratory support were eligible. Infants were randomly assigned to heliox or air-oxygen group. The main outcome was the length of ventilation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Heliox significantly decreased the length of ventilation. The length of ventilation was positively correlated with interleukin-6 at baseline. Carbon dioxide elimination was better in the heliox group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Heliox delivered with nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation may be effective in reducing length of ventilation and increasing carbon dioxide elimination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China. Correspondence to: Dr Yuan Shi, Director and Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400 042, China. petshi530@vip.163.com.
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Jinlin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Shifang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006371:Helium / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007385:Intermittent Positive-Pressure Ventilation / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D010100:Oxygen / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012127:Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D006371:Helium; C038949:heliox; D010100:Oxygen