title: Anti-inflammatory effects and pharmacokinetics study of geniposide on rats with adjuvant arthritis.
abstract: The aim of this study was to explore the anti-inflammatory effects of Geniposide (GE), an iridoid glycoside compound extracted from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (GJ) fruit in adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA) rats and its pharmacokinetic (PK) basis. AA was induced by injecting with Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA). Male SD rats were subjected to treatment with GE (30, 60 and 120mg/kg) from day 17 to 24 after immunization. Fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) proliferation was assessed by MTT. Interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-10 were determined using double-sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Expression of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38MAPKs) related proteins in FLS was detected by Western blotting. PK profiles were simultaneously detected by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS) in AA rat plasma after oral administration of GE on day 17 after immunization. As a result, GE promoted the recovery of arthritis and inhibited the colonic inflammation damage in AA rats by decreasing the expression level of TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6, increasing the production of IL-10 and inhibiting the expression of phospho-p38 (p-p38) related proteins in FLS. PK parameters (AUC, Cmax and t1/2) tended to be associated with dosage-related decreasing of efficacy index.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Modernized Chinese Medicine in Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Jin-Yun
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Modernized Chinese Medicine in Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China. Electronic address: hongw@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Modernized Chinese Medicine in Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Modernized Chinese Medicine in Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Shun-Li
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Modernized Chinese Medicine in Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Miao-miao
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Modernized Chinese Medicine in Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003106:Colon / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005638:Fruit; D032062:Gardenia / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D039823:Iridoids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008297:Male; D008517:Phytotherapy; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000473:pathology; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D016207:Cytokines; D039823:Iridoids; C007835:geniposide; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
keywords: Fibroblast-like synoviocytes; Geniposide; Inflammation; Pharmacokinetics