title: Determinants of inpatient costs of angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, and heart failure in a university hospital setting in Turkey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to determine the correlates of in-hospital costs for angina pectoris (AP), myocardial infarction (MI), and heart failure (HF) in a university hospital setting.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a retrospective cost-of-illness study using data from the records of patients who were admitted with AP, MI, or HF to Dokuz Eylül University Hospital during 2008. Direct medical costs were calculated from the Social Security Institute perspective using a bottom-up approach. Socio-demographic and clinical information was abstracted from patient files. Costs were presented in Turkish lira (TL). A generalized linear model was used in the multivariate analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We included 337 in-patients in total in the study. AP was present in 26.4% (n=89), MI was present in 55.8% (n=188), and HF was present in 17.8% (n=60) of patients. MI was the most costly disease (2760 TL), followed by HF (2350 TL) and AP (1881 TL). The largest proportion of the total cost was formed by medical interventions (27.5%), followed by surgery (22.2%). Presence of DM, smoking, diagnosis of MI, HF, need for intensive care, and resulting in death were strong predictors of treatment costs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both preadmission characteristics of patients (diabetes mellitus, smoking, use of anti-aggregant before admission) and in-patient characteristics (diagnosis, coronary artery bypass grafting, intensive care need, death) predicted the hospital cost of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) independently. Our results may be used as input for health-economic models and economic evaluations to support the decision-making of reimbursement and the cost-effectiveness of public health interventions in healthcare.
authors.affiliation: Provincial Public Health Directorate, Ministry of Health of Turkey; İzmir-Turkey. drmelihkaan@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Kaan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sözmen
authors.forename: Özlem
authors.initials: Ö
authors.lastname: Pekel
authors.forename: Tuba Sevim
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Yılmaz
authors.forename: Ceyda
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Şahan
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ceylan
authors.forename: Ercan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Güler
authors.forename: Eren
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Korkmaz
authors.forename: Belgin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ünal
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D017048:Health Care Costs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000191:economics; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology