title: Successive determination of urinary bilirubin and creatinine employing simultaneous injection effective mixing flow analysis.
abstract: A novel four-channel simultaneous injection effective mixing flow analysis (SIEMA) system has been assembled for successive determination of bilirubin and creatinine in urinary samples. The chemical variables and physical parameters in the flow system were optimized for the enhancement of successive analytical performances. The interferences from urine matrices on the determination of bilirubin and creatinine were eliminated to dilute urine samples. The calibration graphs with the optimum conditions were achieved to be in 0.024-5.0 mg L(-1) for bilirubin and 2-100 mg L(-1) for creatinine. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) at 3 mg L(-1) of bilirubin and at 50 mg L(-1) of creatinine for 11 runs were 1.5 and 1.0%, respectively. The limits of detections (3σ of blank) for bilirubin and creatinine were 7 µg L(-1) and 0.6 mg L(-1), respectively. The sample throughput for stepwise detection was 22 h(-1). The proposed method was applied to the successive determination of bilirubin and creatinine in urine samples.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry, Aichi Institute of Technology, 1247 Yachigusa, Yakusa-cho, Toyota 470-0392, Japan; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Analytical Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
authors.forename: Kraingkrai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ponhong
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry, Aichi Institute of Technology, 1247 Yachigusa, Yakusa-cho, Toyota 470-0392, Japan. Electronic address: teshima@aitech.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Teshima
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Analytical Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
authors.forename: Kate
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Grudpan
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry, Aichi Institute of Technology, 1247 Yachigusa, Yakusa-cho, Toyota 470-0392, Japan; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 4002, Thailand.
authors.forename: Jitlada
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vichapong
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
authors.forename: Shoji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Motomizu
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry, Aichi Institute of Technology, 1247 Yachigusa, Yakusa-cho, Toyota 470-0392, Japan.
authors.forename: Tadao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakai
mesh_terms: D001663:Bilirubin / Q000652:urine*; D002138:Calibration; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine*; D004867:Equipment Design; D017022:Flow Injection Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D006801:Humans; D057230:Limit of Detection; D016482:Urinalysis / Q000295:instrumentation*
chemical_list: D003404:Creatinine; D001663:Bilirubin
keywords: Bilirubin; Creatinine; Simultaneous injection effective mixing flow analysis; Urinalysis