title: [Troglitazone suppresses ICAM-1 and MMP-9 expressions by up-regulating PPARγ in HeLa cells].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of troglitazone, a proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) agonist, on the expressions of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and matrix metalloproteainse-9 (MMP-9) and cell proliferation in HeLa cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  MTT assay was used to measure the cell viability at different time points (0, 24, 48 and 72 h) after exposure to troglitazone. RT-PCR and Western blotting were employed to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of ICAM-1, MMP-9 and PPARγ in the cells. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) was performed to assess the changes in DNA binding activity of PPARγ.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The viability of HeLa cells were time-dependently inhibited by troglitazone, which also significantly reduced the mRNA and protein expressions of ICAM-1 and MMP-9 and increased PPARγ expression. The effects of troglitazone in inhibiting the cell viability and reducing ICAM-1 and MMP-9 expressions were antagonized by the application of the PPARγ antagonist GW9662. The result of EMSA also showed significantly increased DNA binding activity of PPARγ in the cells exposed to troglitazone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The PPARγ agonist troglitazone can inhibit the expression of ICAM-1 and MMP-9 in HeLa cells by up-regulating PPARγ.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Ultrasound Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China. E-mail: zhouxiaoxia2013@126.com.
authors.forename: Xiaoxia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Zhibiao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000813:Anilides; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002470:Cell Survival; D002839:Chromans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism*; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077288:Troglitazone; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: C457499:2-chloro-5-nitrobenzanilide; D000813:Anilides; D002839:Chromans; C573420:ICAM1 protein, human; D047495:PPAR gamma; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; C579270:MMP9 protein, human; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D000077288:Troglitazone