title: The Results of Internal Fixation of Proximal Humeral Osteoporotic Fractures with PHILOS Locking Plate.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In the last fifty years since plate and screw osteosynthesis has been implemented in fracture treatment, osteosporotic bone fractures were observed as a special problem. Due to special histologic, anatomic, physical and biomehanic properties of osteoporotic changed bone the laws of biomechanics suggest that stable osteosynthesis for osteoporotic bone is necessary to increase the contact surface of metallic implants and bone and the stability of the screw-plate-bone compound. There are numerous surgical techniques and methods for treatment of osteoporotic proximal humeral fractures. Every surgical procedure has to establish anatomical reduction and stable fixation that will enable early mobilisation.
  
  
  METHODS
  The aim of this study was to present results of internal fixation of proximal humeral osteoporotic fractures with PHILOS locking plate. Between 2007 and 2012, a total of 67 patients older than 65 years with closed proximal humerus fractures underwent surgical treatment with PHILOS plate system (Synthes, Switzerland). 42 patients were operated with deltopectoral approach and 25 with deltoid split approach. After a mean follow up period of 14.68 (6-28) months functional and radiologic results were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We noted 9 postoperative complications related to surgical technique (1 intraarticular screw placement, 1 displacement in major tuberculum fragment, 1 displacement in major tuberculum fragment along with oblique placement of the plate, 2 cases of inadequate reduction, 1 case of humeral head avascular necrosis, varus humeral head fixation in 3 cases). None of the patients developed superficial or deep surgical infection. There was no nonunions. In the final evaluation, the Constant shoulder score was 91.75 (72-100).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study PHILOS locking plate showed good applicability, respecting bone biologic properties because of negligible interference with blood supply of the humeral head. There was no requirement to shape the plate enabling stabilization at constant angles as clear benefit of this plate. All that enables early mobilisation, and no implant insufficiency resulting in satisfactory treatment results and high Constant shoulder scores.
authors.affiliation: University Hospital Split, Department of Traumatology, 21 000 Split, Croatia.
authors.forename: Ante
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bandalović
authors.forename: Fabijan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cukelj
authors.forename: Josip
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Knežević
authors.forename: Marko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ostojić
authors.forename: Arsen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pavić
authors.forename: Zlatko
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Parać
authors.forename: Matko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rošin