title: Evaluation of embryo quality after concurrent use of ovarian stimulating hormones and gamma irradiation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Radiotherapy has many side effects on fertilization in young women. Radiation can lead to ovarian failure in women who underwent abdomen or pelvic radiotherapy.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study helps us to investigate ovarian response of NMRI female mice to ovarian stimulating hormones (PMSG, HCG) after whole-body gamma irradiation.
  
  
  METHODS
  45 pregnant mice were divided into two groups of control and experimental. The experimental group was classified into three sub-groups: Irradiation group (2 or 4Gy),Superovulation group (10 or 15IU),and superovulation and gamma-radiation group (2Gy & 10IU, 2Gy & 15IU, 4Gy & 10IU,4Gy & 15IU). Female mice were killed and embryos were removed from oviduct .The number of embryos cells counted and the quality of them was evaluated in each group. Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney test were used to analyze the data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a significant difference in the number of 2-4 cells grade D embryos in 2Gy & 15IU group compared with control and 2Gy groups (p=0.01), and the number of embryos in 4Gy group was more than in 10IU and 15IU (p=0.03) and 2Gy & 15IU groups (p=0.01). It was more significantly embryos in 4Gy & 15IU group compared to 2Gy & 15IU group (p=0.01).In addition There were no significant differences in the number of 2-4 cells grades A, B and C embryos and also number of 4-8 cells grades A, B and C, D embryos in groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The concurrent use of ovulation stimulating hormones and gamma rays ameliorates this problem of drastic decrease in number of living embryos due to whole-body irradiation.
authors.affiliation: Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Tahere
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dehghan
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mozdarani
authors.affiliation: Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
authors.forename: Arezoo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khoradmehr
authors.affiliation: Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
authors.forename: Seyed Mehdi
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Kalantar
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bakhshandeh
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Physics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
authors.forename: Fathollah
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bouzarjomehri
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, School of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Seyed Milad
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Kalantar
authors.affiliation: Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
authors.forename: Morteza
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sepehr Javan
keywords: Gammarays; PMSG-HCG; Wholebodyirradiation.