title: Inhibition of bacterial quorum sensing by extracts from aquatic fungi: first report from marine endophytes.
abstract: In our search for quorum-sensing (QS) disrupting molecules, 75 fungal isolates were recovered from reef organisms (endophytes), saline lakes and mangrove rhizosphere. Their QS inhibitory activity was evaluated in Chromobacterium violaceum CVO26. Four strains of endophytic fungi stood out for their potent activity at concentrations from 500 to 50 μg mL-1. The molecular characterization, based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region sequences (ITS1, 5.8S and ITS2) between the rRNA of 18S and 28S, identified these strains as belonging to four genera: Sarocladium (LAEE06), Fusarium (LAEE13), Epicoccum (LAEE14), and Khuskia (LAEE21). Interestingly, three came from coral species and two of them came from the same organism, the coral Diploria strigosa. Metabolic profiles obtained by Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (LC-HRMS) suggest that a combination of fungal secondary metabolites and fatty acids could be the responsible for the observed activities. The LC-HRMS analysis also revealed the presence of potentially new secondary metabolites. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first report of QS inhibition by marine endophytic fungi.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Bioorganic Chemistry "Antonio González", Center for Biomedical Research of the Canary Islands (CIBICAN), University of La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain. ajmartinr@ull.es.
authors.forename: Alberto J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Martín-Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Fundación MEDINA, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Av. del Conocimiento 34, 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain. fernando.reyes@medinaandalucia.es.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Reyes
authors.affiliation: Fundación MEDINA, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Av. del Conocimiento 34, 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain. jesus.martin@medinaandalucia.es.
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martín
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, Cellular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Science, University of La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez s/n, 38071 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain. juanernestoperezyepez@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pérez-Yépez
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, Cellular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Science, University of La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez s/n, 38071 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain. mileonba@ull.es.
authors.forename: Milagros
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: León-Barrios
authors.affiliation: Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Sciences, Veracruzana University, Luis Castelazo Ayala s/n, Colonia Industrial Ánimas, 91190 Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. a_cuto11@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Couttolenc
authors.affiliation: Xalapa High Technology Laboratory (LATEX), Veracruzana University, Médicos 5, Unidad del Bosque, 91010 Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. cespinoza@uv.mx.
authors.forename: César
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Espinoza
authors.affiliation: Xalapa High Technology Laboratory (LATEX), Veracruzana University, Médicos 5, Unidad del Bosque, 91010 Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. atrigos@uv.mx.
authors.forename: Angel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Trigos
authors.affiliation: Institute for Bioorganic Chemistry "Antonio González", Center for Biomedical Research of the Canary Islands (CIBICAN), University of La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain. vmartin@ull.es.
authors.forename: Víctor S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Martín
authors.affiliation: Institute for Bioorganic Chemistry "Antonio González", Center for Biomedical Research of the Canary Islands (CIBICAN), University of La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain. mnorte@ull.es.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Norte
authors.affiliation: Institute for Bioorganic Chemistry "Antonio González", Center for Biomedical Research of the Canary Islands (CIBICAN), University of La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain. jjfercas@ull.es.
authors.forename: José J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Fernández
mesh_terms: D059001:Aquatic Organisms / Q000378:metabolism; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods; D002861:Chromobacterium / Q000502:physiology*; D060026:Endophytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005658:Fungi / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D053038:Quorum Sensing / Q000502:physiology*; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal / Q000378:metabolism; D064210:Secondary Metabolism
chemical_list: D012335:RNA, Ribosomal