title: Poly(vinyl alcohol)-coated chitosan microparticles act as an effective oral vaccine delivery system for hepatitis B vaccine in rat model.
abstract: The present study focused on the development of an effective oral vaccine delivery system of poly(vinyl alcohol)-coated chitosan microparticles-based recombinant hepatitis B vaccine. Chitosan microparticles were prepared by ionotropic gelation technique; they were loaded with recombinant hepatitis B vaccine and coated with poly(vinyl alcohol). The average sizes of the microparticles were measured in the range of 100-410 nm. The optimal loading capacity and loading efficiency were recorded around 3.4 and 74%, respectively. In vitro release study shows that the prepared microparticles release the antigen in a sustained manner. Moreover, the microparticles were resistant to simulated gastric environment and release the antigen in the targeted intestinal milieu. Furthermore, oral immunisation of rats with poly(vinyl alcohol)-coated chitosan hepatitis-B microparticles vaccine shows comparable seroprotective immune response to presently practiced intramuscular vaccination. The results demonstrated that poly(vinyl alcohol)-coated chitosan microparticles have the potential for being used as an oral vaccine delivery system for hepatitis B vaccine and may be a suitable alternative for needle-based vaccination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biotechnology, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 603103, India.
authors.forename: Bijaya
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shrestha
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Gangadhar Meher College, Sambalpur 768004, Odisha, India. rathjyoti@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jyoti Prakash
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Rath
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol / Q000737:chemistry*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol; D048271:Chitosan