title: Residual infestation and recolonization during urban Triatoma infestans Bug Control Campaign, Peru.
abstract: Chagas disease vector control campaigns are being conducted in Latin America, but little is known about medium-term or long-term effectiveness of these efforts, especially in urban areas. After analyzing entomologic data for 56,491 households during the treatment phase of a Triatoma infestans bug control campaign in Arequipa, Peru, during 2003-2011, we estimated that 97.1% of residual infestations are attributable to untreated households. Multivariate models for the surveillance phase of the campaign obtained during 2009-2012 confirm that nonparticipation in the initial treatment phase is a major risk factor (odds ratio [OR] 21.5, 95% CI 3.35-138). Infestation during surveillance also increased over time (OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.15-2.09 per year). In addition, we observed a negative interaction between nonparticipation and time (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.53-0.99), suggesting that recolonization by vectors progressively dilutes risk associated with nonparticipation. Although the treatment phase was effective, recolonization in untreated households threatens the long-term success of vector control.
authors.forename: Corentin M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Barbu
authors.forename: Alison M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Buttenheim
authors.forename: Maria-Luz Hancco
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Pumahuanca
authors.forename: Javier E Quintanilla
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Calderón
authors.forename: Renzo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Salazar
authors.forename: Malwina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carrión
authors.forename: Andy Catacora
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Rospigliossi
authors.forename: Fernando S Malaga
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Chavez
authors.forename: Karina Oppe
authors.initials: KO
authors.lastname: Alvarez
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cornejo del Carpio
authors.forename: César
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Náquira
authors.forename: Michael Z
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Levy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D014355:Chagas Disease / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D005843:Geography; D006293:Health Promotion; D006801:Humans; D007300:Insect Control; D007306:Insecticides; D010568:Peru; D062486:Public Health Surveillance; D012307:Risk Factors; D014224:Triatoma; D014504:Urban Health
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides