title: An 8-week, randomized, controlled, clinical study of the use of a 0.1% chlorhexidine mouthwash by chronic periodontitis patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of a 2-week administration of a 0.1% chlorhexidine mouthwash in the short-term treatment of chronic periodontitis patients and the impact of this product when administered twice by pocket irrigation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty patients were enrolled in a single-centre, placebo-controlled, randomized study with the blind allocation of product to two parallel groups. Clinical assessments were performed, and samples from six selected subgingival sites were collected for microbial analysis by culture at baseline, D15 and D56. Three of the six sites were randomly selected and were treated by subgingival irrigation with the same 0.1% chlorhexidine product at D0 and D7. A subsequent statistical analysis was performed using the paired Student's t-test and Wilcoxon rank sum test for within-group analyses; analysis of variance and the Kruskall-Wallis test were used for between-group analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two-week treatment with a 0.1% chlorhexidine mouthwash slightly reduced the gingival inflammation associated with periodontitis. We observed a significant decrease in Gram-negative, facultative anaerobes and micro-aerophiles, and a significant increase in Gram-positive cocci. No increase in the treatment effect was demonstrated by irrigation of the periodontal pockets.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 0.1% chlorhexidine mouthwash showed limited beneficial effects in the treatment of periodontitis patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Dental Faculty, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France INSERM 977, Strasbourg, France Laboratory of Bacteriology, Virology and Industrial Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France Pierre Fabre Oral Care, Castres, France Parogene, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Henri
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tenenbaum
authors.forename: Jöelle
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luc
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Schaaf
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Federlin-Ducani
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cotton
authors.forename: René
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Elkaim
authors.forename: Frédéric J G
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Cuisinier
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Roques
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D058491:Bacterial Load / Q000187:drug effects; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000188:drug therapy; D006088:Gram-Negative Aerobic Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D006089:Gram-Negative Anaerobic Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D006095:Gram-Positive Cocci / Q000187:drug effects; D016987:Gram-Positive Rods / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D010919:Placebos; D017861:Porphyromonas / Q000187:drug effects; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D009067:Mouthwashes; D010919:Placebos; D002710:Chlorhexidine
keywords: chlorhexidine; chronic periodontitis; clinical trial; inflammation; mouthwash