title: Adherence to Mediterranean diet during pregnancy and serum lipid, lipoprotein and homocysteine concentrations at birth.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mediterranean diet consumption is associated to low prevalence of major degenerative diseases. Low Mediterranean-diet-adherence (MDA) score has been related to high insulin and homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance levels at birth. The relationship between maternal MDA and offspring lipoprotein profile at birth has been scarcely reported.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study aimed to study the relationship between pregnancy diet quality and serum lipid, arylesterase and homocysteine values at birth. Cord blood of the offspring of 35 women whose diets were classified as "adequate" or "inadequate" according to their 13-point MDA-score (≥7 or <7, respectively) were studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MDA-scores did not significantly change through pregnancy. Low-MDA-score diets presented a higher atherogenic index, contained less fiber and folates, and had a lower (polyunsaturated + monounsaturated)/saturated fatty acids (PUFA + MUFA/SFA) ratio, more cholesterol, and higher SFA/carbohydrates (SFA/CHO) and ω-6/ω-3 PUFA ratios than their respective high-MDA-score counterparts. Mothers at the low MDA-score delivered neonates with high LDL-c (P = 0.049), Apo B (P = 0.040), homocysteine (P = 0.026) and Apo A1/Apo B ratio (P = 0.024).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neonates whose mothers consumed low MDA diets presented impaired lipoprotein and increased homocysteine levels at birth. A follow-up study on early cardiovascular disease prevention is needed to understand the importance of present findings later in life.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital de Mérida, Polígono Nueva Ciudad s/n, 06800, Mérida, Badajoz, Spain.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gesteiro
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología I (Nutrición), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bastida
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología I (Nutrición), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rodríguez Bernal
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología I (Nutrición), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain. frasan@ucm.es.
authors.forename: Francisco J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Muniz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000097:blood; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D038441:Diet, Mediterranean; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000097:blood; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000737:chemistry; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006710:Homocysteine / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D039382:Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011247:Pregnancy; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D044465:White People; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D008074:Lipoproteins; D006710:Homocysteine
keywords: Arylesterase; Homocysteine; Lipids; Lipoproteins; Mediterranean diet adherence; Neonates; Pregnancy