title: Chinese translation and validation of a parental feeding style questionnaire for parents of Hong Kong preschoolers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Childhood obesity is a major public health issue in many countries, including China. The importance of parenting relative to the healthy development of children requires the development of instruments for assessing parental influence on child dietary pattern. This study aimed to confirm the internal reliability and validity of a self-report measure on parental feeding styles, including emotional feeding, instrumental feeding, prompting or encouragement to eat, and control over eating.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 27-item parental feeding style questionnaire (PFSQ) was translated into Chinese and then translated back into English to verify consistency. The questionnaire was then used to conduct a cross-sectional survey on the parents of Hong Kong preschoolers. The internal reliability and validity of the questionnaire were examined by Cronbach's alpha and exploratory factor analysis, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  4,553 completed questionnaires were received. Cronbach's alpha of subscales ranged from 0.63 to 0.81, and the overall reliability was good (alpha = 0.75). The factor structure of this questionnaire was similar to that of the original and Turkish versions. One-factor structure was identified for emotional feeding, instrumental feeding (four items), and prompting or encouragement to eat, whereas a two-factor structure was revealed for control over eating.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Chinese version of the PFSQ has good reliability and validity in assessing parental feeding styles in Hong Kong. Researchers can use this instrument to improve their understanding on how parental feeding styles may affect the dietary patterns and ultimately the weight statuses of children among Chinese-speaking populations across different countries.
authors.forename: Wilson
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tam
authors.forename: Vera
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Keung
authors.affiliation: Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong. alee@cuhk.edu.hk.
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kenneth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.forename: Calvin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cheung
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006723:Hong Kong; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010290:Parents; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014177:Translations