title: Comparison of weight loss, food consumption and frequency of vomiting among Roux-en-Y gastric bypass patients with or without constriction ring.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  After Roux-en-Y gastric bypass to avoid rapid gastric emptying, dumping syndrome and regained weight due to possible dilation of the gastric pouch, was proposed to place a ring around the gastric pouch.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare weight loss, consumption of macronutrients and the frequency of vomiting among patients who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass with and without the placement of a constriction ring around the pouch.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study, in which an analysis of medical records was carried out, collecting data of two groups of patients: those who underwent the operation with the placement of a constriction ring (Ring Group) and those who underwent without the placement of a ring (No-Ring Group). The food intake data were analyzed using three 24-hour recalls collected randomly in postoperative nutritional accompaniment. Data on the percentage of excess weight loss and the occurrence of vomiting were collected using the weight corresponding to the most recent report at the time of data collection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Medical records of 60 patients were analyzed: 30 from the Ring Group (women: 80%) and 30 from the No-Ring Group (women: 87%). The average time since the Ring Group underwent the operation was 88 ± 17.50 months, and for the No-Ring Group 51 ± 15.3 months. The percentage of excess weight loss did not differ between the groups. The consumption of protein (g), protein/kg of weight, %protein and fiber (g) were higher in the No-Ring Group. The consumption of lipids (g) was statistically higher in the Ring Group. The percentage of patients who never reported any occurrence was statistically higher in the No-Ring Group (80%vs.46%). The percentage who frequently reported the occurrence was statistically higher in the Ring Group (25%vs.0%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The placement of a ring seems to have no advantages in weight loss, favoring a lower intake of protein and fiber and a higher incidence of vomiting, factors that have definite influence in the health of the bariatric patient.
authors.affiliation: aff1, Brasil.
authors.forename: Silvia Leite
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Faria
authors.affiliation: aff1, Brasil.
authors.forename: Orlando Pereira
authors.initials: OP
authors.lastname: Faria
authors.affiliation: aff1, Brasil.
authors.forename: Mariane de Almeida
authors.initials: Mde A
authors.lastname: Cardeal
mesh_terms: D001835:Body Weight; D004435:Eating; D005260:Female; D015390:Gastric Bypass / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014839:Vomiting / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015431:Weight Loss