title: Stratified organization and disorganization of inner plexiform layer revealed by TNAP activity in healthy and diabetic rat retina.
abstract: Tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP), an abundant ectophosphatase, is present in various organs including the brain and retina of several vertebrate species. Evidence is emerging that TNAP influences neural functions in multiple ways. In rat, strong TNAP activity has been found in retinal vessels, photoreceptors, and both synaptic layers. In the present study, we identified eleven strata of the inner plexiform layer (IPL) by using TNAP histochemistry alone. The TNAP strata corresponded exactly to the strata seen after combined immunohistochemistry with four canonical IPL markers (TH-ChAT-CR-PKCα). Therefore, as described in other mammalian species, our data support the existence of multiple morphologically and functionally discernible IPL strata in rats. Remarkably, the stratification pattern of the IPL was severely disrupted in a diabetic rat model, even before changes in the canonical IPL markers were detectable. These findings indicate that TNAP histochemistry offers a more straightforward, but also more sensitive, method for investigating retinal strata and their diabetes-induced degeneration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 58, H-1094, Budapest, Hungary. kantororsi@googlemail.com.
authors.forename: Orsolya
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kántor
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 58, H-1094, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Varga
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 58, H-1094, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Róbert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tóth
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, H-1085, Hungary.|Department of Human Morphology and Developmental Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, H-1094, Hungary.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Énzsöly
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 58, H-1094, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Emese
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pálfi
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Zoology and Neurobiology, University of Pécs, Pécs, H-7624, Hungary.|János Szentágothai Research Center, Pécs, H-7624, Hungary.
authors.forename: Tamás
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kovács-Öller
authors.affiliation: Life Imaging Center, Center for Biological Systems Analysis, Albert-Ludwigs University, Freiburg, 79104, Germany.|BIOSS Centre for Biological Signaling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, 79104, Germany.
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nitschke
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Morphology and Developmental Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, H-1094, Hungary.
authors.forename: Ágoston
authors.initials: Á
authors.lastname: Szél
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 58, H-1094, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Székely
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Zoology and Neurobiology, University of Pécs, Pécs, H-7624, Hungary.|János Szentágothai Research Center, Pécs, H-7624, Hungary.
authors.forename: Béla
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Völgyi
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 58, H-1094, Budapest, Hungary.|Complex Systems and Computational Neuroscience Group, Wigner Research Center for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, H-1121, Hungary.
authors.forename: László
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Négyessy
authors.affiliation: Complex Systems and Computational Neuroscience Group, Wigner Research Center for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, H-1121, Hungary.
authors.forename: Zoltán
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Somogyvári
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Morphology and Developmental Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, H-1094, Hungary.
authors.forename: Ákos
authors.initials: Á
authors.lastname: Lukáts
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008297:Male; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012160:Retina / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology*; D013194:Staining and Labeling
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase