title: Dynamic mapping of the brain in substance-dependent individuals: functional magnetic resonance imaging.
abstract: Functional magnetic resonance imaging can be used to study numerous brain dysfunctions, including disorders of the self, in substance-dependent individuals. The self as the sum of human concepts about oneself is regulated by the brain system close to the default mode network: the medial prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulated gyrus, and some parietal regions. However, the composition and activity of this system in mental disease, specifically, in substance addiction, are virtually not described. Our study showed that self-appraisal task in addicts activates the superior frontal cortex, cuneus, precuneus, angular gyrus, and posterior cingulated cortex. The involvement of the parietal (postcentral and supramarginal gyri) and temporal (superior temporal and Heschl's gyri) sensory areas is diminished. Hence, published data on the involvement of the cingulate cortex and prefrontal cortex in functional regulation of the self are confirmed. Activation-deactivation patterns in the parietal and temporal regions differ significantly from the previous descriptions.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia, mikhail-melnikov@mail.ru.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Mel'nikov
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Shtark
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Korostyshevskaya
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Sevelov
authors.forename: E D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Petrovskii
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Pokrovskii
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Rezakova
authors.forename: Yu A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Ganenko
authors.forename: I N
authors.initials: IN
authors.lastname: Il'ichevskii
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Mazhirina
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Mezentseva
authors.forename: E P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Kosykh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D059026:Diagnostic Self Evaluation; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D012649:Self Concept; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*