title: Carbon tetrachloride-induced kidney damage and protective effect of Amaranthus lividus L. in rats.
abstract: This study was designed to evaluate the protective effect of water extract of Amaranthus lividus L. (A. lividus) (Amaranthaceae) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced toxicity in kidneys of rats. For this purpose, male albino Wistar rats were pretreated with A. lividus (250 and 500 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)) daily for 9 days and a single dose of CCl4 was applied intraperitoneally (50% in olive oil; 1.5 mL/kg b.w.) on the 10th day. All rats were killed 24 h after CCl4 administration, and kidneys were excised and used for determination of histopathological and biochemical parameters. CCl4 administration caused a remarkable increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO) and glutathione levels and glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities and a decrease in catalase (CAT) activity when compared to the control group. Pretreatment with A. lividus (250 and 500 mg/kg b.w.) significantly prevented the elevation in LPO level and MPO activity as well as protected the decrease in CAT activity but did not alter other biochemical parameters. The protective effect of A. lividus was further evident through the decreased histological alterations in kidneys. In conclusion, this study has indicated that A. lividus possesses protective and antioxidant effects against CCl4-induced oxidative kidney damage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey tugbay@istanbul.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Tugba
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yilmaz-Ozden
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ayse
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Can
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ayse
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karatug
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Zeliha
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Pala-Kara
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Alper
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Okyar
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sehnaz
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bolkent
mesh_terms: D027721:Amaranthus / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride / Q000633:toxicity*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D020011:Protective Agents; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D002374:Catalase; D009195:Peroxidase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D005978:Glutathione
keywords: Amaranthus lividus; antioxidant; carbon tetrachloride; kidney damage