title: G protein-coupled receptors in stem cell maintenance and somatic reprogramming to pluripotent or cancer stem cells.
abstract: G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a large class of transmembrane receptors categorized into five distinct families: rhodopsin, secretin, adhesion, glutamate, and frizzled. They bind and regulate 80% of all hormones and account for 20-50% of the pharmaceuticals currently on the market. Hundreds of GPCRs integrate and coordinate the functions of individual cells, mediating signaling between various organs. GPCRs are crucial players in tumor progression, adipogenesis, and inflammation. Several studies have also confirmed their central roles in embryonic development and stem cell maintenance. Recently, GPCRs have emerged as key players in the regulation of cell survival, proliferation, migration, and self-renewal in pluripotent (PSCs) and cancer stem cells (CSCs). Our study and other reports have revealed that the expression of many GPCRs is modulated during the generation of induced PSCs (iPSCs) or CSCs as well as during CSC sphere formation. These GPCRs may have crucial roles in the regulation of selfrenewal and other biological properties of iPSCs and CSCs. This review addresses the current understanding of the role of GPCRs in stem cell maintenance and somatic reprogramming to PSCs or CSCs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Biotechnology, Animal Resources Research Center, and Incurable Disease Animal Model and Stem Cell Institute (IDASI), Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Hye Yeon
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Biotechnology, Animal Resources Research Center, and Incurable Disease Animal Model and Stem Cell Institute (IDASI), Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Subbroto Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Saha
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Biotechnology, Animal Resources Research Center, and Incurable Disease Animal Model and Stem Cell Institute (IDASI), Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyeongseok
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Biotechnology, Animal Resources Research Center, and Incurable Disease Animal Model and Stem Cell Institute (IDASI), Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Sangsu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Biotechnology, Animal Resources Research Center, and Incurable Disease Animal Model and Stem Cell Institute (IDASI), Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Gwang-Mo
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Biotechnology, Animal Resources Research Center, and Incurable Disease Animal Model and Stem Cell Institute (IDASI), Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea.
authors.forename: BongWoo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Biotechnology, Animal Resources Research Center, and Incurable Disease Animal Model and Stem Cell Institute (IDASI), Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin-hoi
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Biotechnology, Animal Resources Research Center, and Incurable Disease Animal Model and Stem Cell Institute (IDASI), Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Ssang-Goo
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Cho
mesh_terms: D049109:Cell Proliferation; D065150:Cellular Reprogramming; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D039904:Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled