title: Effects of pigment epithelium-derived factor on traumatic brain injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a multifunctional protein with antiangiogenic, anti-inflammatory, neurotrophic and neurogenic properties. The effect of PEDF on traumatic brain injury (TBI) has not been explored. In this study, we aimed to show the in vivo effects of PEDF on lesion volume, cell death and cell proliferation after TBI.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rats were subjected to controlled cortical impact injury (CCII). PEDF mRNA brain levels were measured by RT-PCR. The lesion volume, cell proliferation, cell death and microglia activation were assessed in the brains of lesioned animals with intraventricular alzet infusion of PEDF or aCSF, and intraperitoneal injections of BrdU.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We detected a significant increase of PEDF mRNA levels after TBI. PEDF intraventricular infusion showed no significant effect on the contusion volume, whereas the number of dead cells, activated microglia, BrdU-positive cells around the lesion were significantly decreased. In contrast, PEDF application increased cell proliferation in the ipsilateral subventricular zone. No effect was found on cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present work indicates that PEDF acts as a multifunctional agent after TBI influencing cell death, inflammation and cell proliferation.
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgery Department and Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Menderes Yusuf
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Terzi
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgery Department and Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Casalis
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgery Department and Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Veronika
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.affiliation: Experimental Neurology Department, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Marietta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zille
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgery Department, Regensburg University Clinic, Regensburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bründl
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgery Department, Regensburg University Clinic, Regensburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Eva-Maria
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Störr
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgery Department, Regensburg University Clinic, Regensburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brawanski
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgery Department and Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vajkoczy
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgery Department and Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Thomale
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgery Department and Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Ana Luisa
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Piña
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D053331:Ectodysplasins / Q000378:metabolism; D005136:Eye Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D008297:Male; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D015843:Serpins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013997:Time Factors; D000099174:Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor
chemical_list: D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine; D053331:Ectodysplasins; D005136:Eye Proteins; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D015843:Serpins; D000099174:Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor
keywords: PEDF; SVZ; cell death; microglia; traumatic brain injury