title: Complications of percutaneous nephrolithotomy in the prone position according with modified Clavien-Dindo grading system.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Clavien-Dindo classification system has been proposed to grade perioperative complications in percutaneous nephrolithotomy. The complications of this technique that have taken place in the last 2 years are reported in this paper according Clavien-Dindo classification.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 2011 and 2012 a total of 255 percutaneous nephrolithotomy were performed at our center for stones more than 2 cm in size. In order to determine the incidence of complications classified in the modified Clavien-Dindo system, statistical analysis of the data obtained was carried out.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the period analyzed, 255 percutaneous nephrolithotomy were performed in 249 patients, 41% of the right side, 57% of the left side and 2% bilateral and simultaneous. 137 and 112 patients were males and females, respectively. The most prevalent comorbidities were: hypertension (AHT) in 101 patients (40.6%), BMI>30 in 81 patients (32%), diabetes mellitus in 46 patients (18.5%) and coagulation abnormalities in 24 patients (9.6%). A total of 70 cases (27.4%) were distributed according to Clavien-Dindo classification: grade i, 8.4%, grade ii 8.4%, grade iiia 4.4%, grade iiib 6% grade iva .8%, grade ivb: 0% and grade v 0%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A graded classification scheme for reporting the complications of percutaneous nephrolithotomy is useful for monitoring and reporting outcomes. We propose a standardized use of this classification in order to make the results comparable among different centers performing the technique.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Torrecilla
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, España. Electronic address: ajvm81@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Vicéns-Morton
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Meza
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Colom
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Etcheverry
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vila
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Franco
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001778:Blood Coagulation Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053040:Nephrolithiasis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery; D009403:Nephrostomy, Percutaneous / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000145:classification* / Q000209:etiology; D016684:Prone Position; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Clavien-Dindo; Complicaciones; Complications; Decúbito prono; Nefrolitotomía percutánea; Percutaneous nephrolithotomy; Prone position