title: Tucumã fruit extracts (Astrocaryum aculeatum Meyer) decrease cytotoxic effects of hydrogen peroxide on human lymphocytes.
abstract: This study quantifies the bioactive molecules in and determines the in vitro protective effect of ethanolic extracts isolated from the peel and pulp of tucumã (Astrocaryum aculeatum, Mart.), an Amazonian fruit rich in carotenoids. The cytoprotective effect of tucumã was evaluated in lymphocyte cultures exposed to H2O2 using spectrophotometric, fluorimetric, and immunoassay assays. The results confirmed that tucumã pulp extract is rich in β-carotene and quercetin, as previously described in the literature. However, high levels of these compounds were also found in tucumã peel extract. The extracts also contained significant amounts rutin, gallic acid, caffeic acid, and chlorogenic acid. Despite quantitative differences in the concentration of these bioactive molecules, both extracts increased the viability of cells exposed to H2O2 in concentrations ranging from 300 to 900 μg/mL. Caspases 1, 3, and 8 decreased significantly in cells concomitantly exposed to H2O2 and these extracts, indicating that tucumã cryoprotection involves apoptosis modulation.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima 1000, Prédio 21, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Centro Universitário Franciscano, Rua dos Andradas, 1614, 97010-032 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Biogenômica, Departamento de Morfologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000 Prédio 19, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. Electronic address: sagrillomr@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Michele Rorato
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Sagrillo
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima 1000, Prédio 21, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Biogenômica, Departamento de Morfologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000 Prédio 19, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luiz Filipe Machado
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima 1000, Prédio 21, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Biogenômica, Departamento de Morfologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000 Prédio 19, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Olmiro Cezimbra
authors.initials: OC
authors.lastname: de Souza Filho
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biogenômica, Departamento de Morfologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000 Prédio 19, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marta Maria Medeiros Frescura
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.affiliation: Universidade Aberta da Terceira Idade, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Amazonas, Brazil.
authors.forename: Euler Esteves
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima 1000, Prédio 21, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Biogenômica, Departamento de Morfologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000 Prédio 19, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima 1000, Prédio 18, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Francine Carla
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Cadoná
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima 1000, Prédio 21, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Biogenômica, Departamento de Morfologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000 Prédio 19, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima 1000, Prédio 18, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ivana Beatrice Mânica
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: da Cruz
mesh_terms: D028023:Arecaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D002109:Caffeic Acids / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D020170:Caspase 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053181:Caspase 8 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D005707:Gallic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011794:Quercetin / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D012431:Rutin / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002109:Caffeic Acids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D019207:beta Carotene; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid; D012431:Rutin; D005707:Gallic Acid; D011794:Quercetin; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; C505407:CASP3 protein, human; C505530:CASP8 protein, human; D053148:Caspase 3; D053181:Caspase 8; D020170:Caspase 1; C040048:caffeic acid
keywords: Astrocaryum aculeatum; Carotenoids; DNA damage; Lymphocyte culture