title: Novel brominated flame retardants and dechlorane plus in Greenland  air and biota.
abstract: Following the ban of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, other halogenated flame retardants (FRs) might be used increasingly. This study has analyzed hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)-ethane (BTBPE), 2,3-dibromopropyl-2,4,6-tribromophenyl ether (DPTE) and dechloraneplus (DP) in Greenland air over the course of a year. Moreover, BTBPE, DPTE, DP, 2-ethylhexyl-2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate (TBB), bis(2-ethylhexyl) tetrabromophthalate (TBPH) and decabromodiphenylethane (DBDPE) were analyzed in samples of polar bear, ringed seal, black guillemot and glaucous gull from Greenland. HBCD in air appeared low, while mean concentrations of syn- and anti-DP were 2.3 and 5.2 pg/m(3), respectively. BTBPE and DPTE were undetectable in air. Detection frequencies in biota were <50% for BTBPE, TBPH and DBDPE, but near 100% for the remaining compounds. Ringed seals from East Greenland had highest mean concentrations of TBB, DPTE, syn- and anti-DP (1.02, 0.078, 0.096 and 0.42 ng/g wet weight, respectively). Our study documents the long-range transport and, to some extent, bioaccumulation of these novel FRs.
authors.affiliation: Aarhus University, Department of Environmental Science, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. kvo@envs.au.dk
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vorkamp
authors.forename: Rossana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bossi
authors.forename: Frank F
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Riget
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Skov
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sonne
authors.forename: Rune
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dietz
mesh_terms: D000388:Air; D001272:Atmosphere / Q000737:chemistry; D058448:Biota; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D005411:Flame Retardants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D005740:Gases; D006116:Greenland; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D054879:Halogenation; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D011083:Polycyclic Compounds / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C547124:2,3-dibromopropyl-2,4,6-tribromophenyl ether; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D005411:Flame Retardants; D005740:Gases; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D011083:Polycyclic Compounds; C526360:dechlorane plus; C089796:hexabromocyclododecane