title: Hepatitis B virus infection and the risk of male infertility: a population-based analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the risk of male infertility among patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  A nationwide, population-based cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Not applicable.
  
  
  METHODS
  Men infected with HBV (n = 5,138) and men without HBV infection (n = 25,690).
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male infertility, as defined by the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of infertility was 1.59 times higher in patients with HBV infection than in those without HBV infection (2.21 vs. 1.39 per 1,000 person-years). The risk of developing infertility remained significant among patients with HBV infection (hazard ratio 1.52, 95% confidence interval 1.20-1.92) after adjusting for covariates in a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data show an increased incidence and risk of infertility among men with HBV infection compared with men without HBV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Fu-Hsiung
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: PhD Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shih-Ni
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Fung-Chang
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Public Health, College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chien-Tien
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ying-Hua
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Shieh
authors.affiliation: Division of Family Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Cheng-Chieh
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Public Health, College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: ccyeh@tmu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Chih-Ching
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Yeh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012306:Risk
chemical_list: D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens
keywords: Hepatitis B virus; male infertility; population-based study