title: Anchorage loss due to Herbst mechanics-preventable through miniscrews?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess if mandibular incisor proclination and protrusion during treatment with the Herbst/multibracket appliance can be prevented through simple screws (MIs) anchorage.
  
  
  METHODS
  After a statistical power analysis, 12 Herbst patients with MIs (100% MIs survival) ligated to the Herbst/multibracket appliance to reinforce anchorage were investigated. A control group matched for gender and skeletal maturity treated without MIs anchorage was selected. Pre- and posttreatment cephalograms were analysed for overjet reduction, mandibular incisor proclination (IL/ML), protrusion (Ii-MLp) and intrusion (Ii-ML), as well as occlusal plane inclination (OP/ML) by a single-blinded examiner.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No statistically significant differences between the two groups were found concerning overjet reduction, incisor protrusion- and intrusion or occlusal plane tilt. Although the MIs group generally showed less lower incisor proclination (4.8°) than the group without skeletal anchorage (6.5°), a large interindividual variation was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Interradicular MIs anchorage cannot prevent anchorage loss during Herbst treatment. For the individual patient, the amount of incisor proclination and protrusion remains unpredictable.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Orthodontics, University of Giessen, Giessen, and julia.v.bremen@dentist.med.uni-giessen.de.
authors.forename: Julia von
authors.initials: Jv
authors.lastname: Bremen
authors.affiliation: *Department of Orthodontics, University of Giessen, Giessen, and.
authors.forename: Björn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ludwig
authors.affiliation: *Department of Orthodontics, University of Giessen, Giessen, and.
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ruf
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001863:Bone Screws; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D003766:Dental Occlusion; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000628:therapy; D008334:Mandible / Q000473:pathology; D008904:Miniaturization; D052280:Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation*; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design; D017289:Orthodontic Appliances, Functional; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D057887:Overbite / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation