title: A polycarboxylic/amino functionalized hyaluronic acid derivative for the production of pH sensible hydrogels in the prevention of bacterial adhesion on biomedical surfaces.
abstract: A graft copolymer derivative of hyaluronic acid bearing pendant amino and short polymethacrylate portions (HA-EDA-BMP-MANa) has been employed for the production of a pH sensible vancomycin releasing hydrogel and studied in vitro to test its potential anti adhesive property against Staphylococcus aureus colonization. The copolymer obtained through atom transfer radical polymerization bears chargeable (carboxyl and amino groups) portions and it could be formulated as a hydrogel at a concentration of 10%w/v. The HA-EDA-BMP-MANa hydrogels, produced at three different pH values (5, 6 and 7, respectively), were formulated with or without the addition of vancomycin (2%w/v). The vancomycin release profiles were detected and related to the starting hydrogel pH values, demonstrating that the systems were able to sustain the release of drug for more than 48 h. S. aureus adhesion tests were performed on glass culture plates and hydroxyapatite doped titanium surfaces, comparing the performances of HA-EDA-BMP-MANa hydrogel formulations (obtained with and without vancomycin) with similar formulations obtained using unmodified hyaluronic acid. The non fouling property of a selected HA-EDA-BMP-MANa hydrogel (without vancomycin) was also assayed with a BSA adsorption test. We found that the HA-EDA-BMP-MANa hydrogel even without vancomycin prevented bacterial adhesion on investigated surfaces.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Plesso di Chimica e Tecnologie Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy. Electronic address: fabiosalvatore.palumbo@unipa.it.
authors.forename: Fabio Salvatore
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Palumbo
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Plesso di Chimica e Tecnologie Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bavuso Volpe
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Plesso di Chimica e Tecnologie Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Grazia
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Cusimano
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Plesso di Chimica e Tecnologie Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy; IBIM-CNR, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pitarresi
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Plesso di Chimica e Tecnologie Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy; Institute of Biophysics at Palermo, Italian National Research Council, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: Gaetano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Giammona
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Plesso di Chimica e Tecnologie Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schillaci
mesh_terms: D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D065546:Drug Liberation; D005029:Ethylenediamines / Q000737:chemistry; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D011422:Propionates / Q000737:chemistry; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000737:chemistry; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D005029:Ethylenediamines; D020100:Hydrogels; D008689:Methacrylates; D011422:Propionates; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; C031234:ethylenediamine; D014640:Vancomycin; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; C009405:tetrabutylammonium; D014025:Titanium
keywords: ATRP; Hyaluronic acid; Hydrogel; Non fouling; Vancomycin