title: Photographic analyses using skin detail of the hand: a methodology and evaluation.
abstract: Skin features have been employed by law enforcement agencies for suspect and victim identification. Comparisons of hand have arisen in casework where images have been submitted where a face was not present but a hand was visible. This research utilizes a collection of 128 hands from employees of the U.S. Army Criminal Investigation Laboratory to examine the frequency and distribution of skin detail on the dorsal surface of the hand. To assess the location of features, the hand was segmented into 14 regions using readily discernible anatomical landmarks. Overall, 2618 pigmented lesions and 92 scars or injuries were documented. When comparing the regions with one another, Regions 1-10 had fewer pigmented lesions than Regions 11-14. There was no pattern to the distribution of scars throughout the regions. The findings presented a foundation for one possible method that may differentiate hands based on the frequency and distribution of such features.
authors.affiliation: Defense Forensic Science Center, Digital Evidence Examiner, U.S. Army Criminal Investigation Laboratory, 4930 N 31st Street, Forest Park, GA, 30297.
authors.forename: Christina A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Malone
mesh_terms: D002921:Cicatrix / Q000473:pathology; D005554:Forensic Medicine; D006225:Hand / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D010781:Photography; D012867:Skin / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000293:injuries; D012880:Skin Pigmentation
keywords: forensic science; human identification; image analysis; photographic comparison; skin manifestations; skin pigmentation