title: HPV, cervical cancer risks, and barriers to care for lesbian women.
abstract: The purpose of this article is to identify Pap testing rates among lesbians and identify reasons for lack of recognition of cervical cancer risks in lesbians. Articles that reported cervical cancer screening rates among lesbians were searched. Between 48% and 81% of lesbians reported recent Pap smears. The lesbian community requires better education, and healthcare providers should promote regular Pap smears for all women.
authors.affiliation: Lindsay Waterman is an adult nurse practitioner at University of Washington, Seattle, Wash. Joachim Voss is an associate professor at University of Washington School of Nursing, Biobehavioral Nursing & Health Systems Department, Seattle, Wash.
authors.forename: Lindsay
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Waterman
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Voss
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D018452:Homosexuality, Female / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D065006:Papanicolaou Test / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D018570:Risk Assessment; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult