title: Reliability of patient self-assessment of shoulder range of motion and strength after shoulder arthroplasty.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patient-derived self-assessment potentially minimizes loss of valuable outcomes data, conserves medical resources, and benefits patients by saving valuable time out of work and travel expenses. The purpose of this study was to determine the physician-patient correlation of a patient-derived outcomes questionnaire that assesses range of motion (ROM) and strength after shoulder arthroplasty.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred twenty consecutive patients completed a home-based questionnaire before their 1-year postoperative visit after shoulder arthroplasty. The questionnaire contained demographic information such as age, gender, type of surgery, education level, and income. Diagram-based questions, in which patients were asked to identify the image representing their own active shoulder ROM in various planes, were included. Patients were asked to perform a strength examination using premeasured zip-lock bags filled with water that correspond to predetermined weights up to 2.72 kg. The κ statistics were used to assess the degree of agreement between the patient's self-assessment and the clinician's measures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The κ statistics indicated moderate clinician-patient agreement (0.5-0.59) on items related to ROM and substantial to almost perfect agreement (0.62-0.92) on items related to strength (forward flexion and abduction). A majority of patients (>88%) correctly estimated their ROM within 1 grade of the clinician's measurement. Patients tended to err toward overestimating their ROM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This patient-derived questionnaire provides a moderate to high level of agreement with clinician assessment. This assessment questionnaire may be an important tool in facilitating both clinical and research follow-up of patient outcomes after shoulder arthroplasty.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
authors.forename: Justin S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
authors.forename: Jay D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Keener
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.affiliation: Division of Biostatistics, Department of Orthopaedics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
authors.forename: Jiajing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
authors.forename: Georgia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Stobbs-Cucchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Patton
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. Electronic address: galatzl@wustl.edu.
authors.forename: Leesa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Galatz
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019643:Arthroplasty, Replacement; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053580:Muscle Strength; D063868:Patient Outcome Assessment; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012647:Self-Assessment; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Shoulder replacement; arthritis and glenohumeral joint; outcomes; self-assessment; shoulder arthroplasty