title: Effect of in vitro chewing and bruxism events on remineralization, at the resin-dentin interface.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate if different in vitro functional and parafunctional habits promote mineralization at the resin-dentin interface after bonding with three different adhesive approaches. Dentin surfaces were subjected to distinct treatments: demineralization by (1) 37% phosphoric acid (PA) followed by application of an etch-and-rinse dentin adhesive, Single Bond (SB) (PA+SB); (2) 0.5 M ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) followed by SB (EDTA+SB); (3) application of a self-etch dentin adhesive, Clearfil SE Bond (SEB). Different loading waveforms were applied: No cycling (I), cycled in sine (II) or square (III) waves, sustained loading hold for 24 h (IV) or sustained loading hold for 72 h (V). Remineralization at the bonded interfaces was assessed by AFM imaging/nano-indentation, Raman spectroscopy and Masson's trichrome staining. In general, in vitro chewing and parafunctional habits, promoted an increase of nano-mechanical properties at the resin-dentin interface. Raman spectroscopy through cluster analysis demonstrated an augmentation of the mineral-matrix ratio in loaded specimens. Trichrome staining reflected a narrow demineralized dentin matrix after loading in all groups except in PA+SB and EDTA+SB samples after sustained loading hold for 72 h, which exhibited a strong degree of mineralization. In vitro mechanical loading, produced during chewing and bruxism (square or hold 24 and 72 h waveforms), induced remineralization at the resin-dentin bonded interface.
authors.affiliation: University of Granada, Faculty of Dentistry, Dental Materials Section, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain. Electronic address: toledano@ugr.es.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toledano
authors.affiliation: University of Granada, Faculty of Dentistry, Dental Materials Section, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Inmaculada
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cabello
authors.affiliation: University of Granada, Faculty of Dentistry, Dental Materials Section, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Fátima S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Aguilera
authors.affiliation: University of Granada, Faculty of Dentistry, Dental Materials Section, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Estrella
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Osorio
authors.affiliation: University of Granada, Faculty of Dentistry, Dental Materials Section, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Raquel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Osorio
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena / Q000502:physiology; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / Q000494:pharmacology; D002012:Bruxism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods*; D003804:Dentin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008409:Mastication / Q000502:physiology*; D008964:Molar, Third / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D010756:Phosphoric Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000494:pharmacology; D012117:Resins, Synthetic; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D014089:Tooth Remineralization
chemical_list: C438313:Clearfil SE Bond; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D010756:Phosphoric Acids; D019279:Resin Cements; D012117:Resins, Synthetic; C115612:single bond; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; D004492:Edetic Acid; C030242:phosphoric acid
keywords: Bruxism; Dentin; Load cycling; Mechanical; Remineralization