title: Absolute change in fasting plasma glucose over 12 months is associated with 2-year and 5-year major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with drug-eluting stent implants.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in patients with or without cardiovascular disease (CVD) are greatly affected by various factors associated with metabolism and inflammation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine which clinical parameters at treatment are associated with the development of 2-year and 5-year MACEs in high-risk patients with CVD who have undergone drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present study involved a total of 432 patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with DES. Variables representing the average and absolute amount of change in clinical parameters over the 12-month follow-up were assessed for association with 2-year and 5-year development of MACE. The study population was divided into quartiles for the variable showing the highest correlation to MACE development. Estimated incidence of 2-year and 5-year MACEs for each of the quartiles was determined by survival curve analysis, and subgroup analysis was performed for patients with diabetes and statin users.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Absolute change in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) over 12 months showed the highest correlation with 2-year and 5-year MACE development. The estimated incidence of MACE increased with increasing quartiles for absolute change in FPG. The association between absolute change in FPG and MACE development exhibited a stronger relationship for the specific subgroups of patients with diabetes and statin users. Increases and decreases in FPG had a comparable contribution to MACE development.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A greater absolute change in FPG over 12 months post-PCI is an independent risk factor for 2-year and 5-year MACE development in DES-implanted patients, especially in the diabetes and statin users.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Oh
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: mdhsseo@unitel.co.kr.
authors.forename: Hong Seog
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Byung Geol
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, Gunpo, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eunmi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Park
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sun Ki
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Il
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Im
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Oh
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Na
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Cheol Ung
authors.initials: CU
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hong Euy
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eung Ju
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seung-Woon
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Rha
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Chang Gyu
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Joo
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Oh
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D054855:Drug-Eluting Stents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000639:trends; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D062645:Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000639:trends; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose
keywords: Blood glucose; Diabetes mellitus; Major adverse cardiac event; Statins