title: Group I and group II metabotropic glutamate receptor allosteric modulators as novel potential antipsychotics.
abstract: Recently, there has been a shift in the schizophrenia field focusing on restoring glutamate signaling. Extensive preclinical data suggests that mGlu5 PAMs could have efficacy in all three symptom domains but there is concern of potential adverse effects. New insights into mechanisms underlying this toxicity may provide a path for discovery of safe mGlu5 PAMs. Genetic mutations in mGlu1 have been described in schizophrenics creating interest in this receptor as a therapeutic target. Preclinical data demonstrated the antipsychotic potential of mGlu2/3 agonists but clinical trials were not successful. However, studies have suggested that mGlu2 is the subtype mediating antipsychotic effects and selective mGlu2 PAMs are now in clinical development. Finally, recent genetic studies suggest mGlu3 modulators may be pro-cognitive.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, USA.
authors.forename: Adam G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, USA. Electronic address: Jeffrey.Conn@Vanderbilt.edu.
authors.forename: P Jeffrey
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Conn
mesh_terms: D000494:Allosteric Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015195:Drug Design; D006801:Humans; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; C108822:metabotropic glutamate receptor 2; C102718:metabotropic glutamate receptor 3; C104077:metabotropic glutamate receptor type 1