title: Identification and quantification of phenolic compounds of selected fruits from Madeira Island by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS(n) and screening for their antioxidant activity.
abstract: Five fruits species commonly cultivated and consumed in Madeira Island (Portugal) were investigated for their phenolic profile by means of reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detection and electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS(n)) and antioxidant potential. A large number of compounds were characterised, flavonoids and phenolic acids being the major components found in target samples, 39 compounds (flavonoids, phenolic acids, terpenoids, cyanogenic glycosides and organic acids) were identified in cherimoyas, lemons, papayas, passion-fruits and strawberries for the first time. Furthermore, all samples were systematically analysed for their total phenolic and flavonoid contents along with two radical scavenging methods (ABTS and ORAC) for antioxidant activity measurement. Target fruits presented high phenolic contents which is responsible for most of the antioxidant activity against radical reactive species (R(2)>0.80). Quantitative data showed that anthocyanins, in particular pelargonidin-3-O-hexoside (>300 mg/100 mL), present only in strawberries were the compounds in largest amounts but are the ones which contribute less to the antioxidant activity.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Química da Madeira (CQM), Centro de Ciências Exactas e da Engenharia da Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal.
authors.forename: Vítor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Spínola
authors.affiliation: Centro de Química da Madeira (CQM), Centro de Ciências Exactas e da Engenharia da Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal.
authors.forename: Joana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.affiliation: Centro de Química da Madeira (CQM), Centro de Ciências Exactas e da Engenharia da Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal. Electronic address: castilho@uma.pt.
authors.forename: Paula C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Castilho
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D011174:Portugal; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005419:Flavonoids; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates; D010636:Phenols; C017616:phenolic acid
keywords: Antioxidant activity; Fruits juice; HPLC-DAD–ESI/MS(n); Phenolic compounds; Quantification