title: A simian hemorrhagic fever virus isolate from persistently infected baboons efficiently induces hemorrhagic fever disease in Japanese macaques.
abstract: Simian hemorrhagic fever virus is an arterivirus that naturally infects species of African nonhuman primates causing acute or persistent asymptomatic infections. Although it was previously estimated that 1% of baboons are SHFV-positive, more than 10% of wild-caught and captive-bred baboons tested were SHFV positive and the infections persisted for more than 10 years with detectable virus in the blood (100-1000 genomes/ml). The sequences of two baboon SHFV isolates that were amplified by a single passage in primary macaque macrophages had a high degree of identity to each other as well as to the genome of SHFV-LVR, a laboratory strain isolated in the 1960s. Infection of Japanese macaques with 100PFU of a baboon isolate consistently produced high level viremia, pro-inflammatory cytokines, elevated tissue factor levels and clinical signs indicating coagulation defects. The baboon virus isolate provides a reliable BSL2 model of viral hemorrhagic fever disease in macaques.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, United States.
authors.forename: Heather A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Vatter
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States.
authors.forename: Eric F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Donaldson
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States.
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huynh
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, United States.
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rawlings
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, United States.
authors.forename: Minsha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Manoharan
authors.affiliation: Division of Pathobiology and Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR 97006, United States.
authors.forename: Alfred
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Legasse
authors.affiliation: Division of Pathobiology and Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR 97006, United States.
authors.forename: Shannon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Planer
authors.affiliation: Division of Comparative Medicine, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR 97006, United States.
authors.forename: Mary F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Dickerson
authors.affiliation: Division of Comparative Medicine, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR 97006, United States.
authors.forename: Anne D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.affiliation: Division of Comparative Medicine, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR 97006, United States.
authors.forename: Lois M A
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Colgin
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, United States; Division of Pathobiology and Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR 97006, United States.
authors.forename: Michael K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Axthelm
authors.affiliation: Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, United States.
authors.forename: Jerilyn K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Pecotte
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States.
authors.forename: Ralph S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Baric
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, United States; Division of Pathobiology and Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR 97006, United States.
authors.forename: Scott W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, United States. Electronic address: mbrinton@gsu.edu.
authors.forename: Margo A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Brinton
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018018:Arterivirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D018174:Arterivirus Infections / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D016679:Genome, Viral; D006482:Hemorrhagic Fevers, Viral / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D008251:Macaca; D008992:Monkey Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D009928:Organ Specificity; D010215:Papio / Q000821:virology*; D014766:Viremia / Q000662:veterinary / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines
keywords: Baboon; Coagulopathy; Hemorrhagic fever disease; Japanese macaque; Persistent infection; Simian hemorrhagic fever virus