title: The effect of structured exercise intervention on intensity and volume of total physical activity.
abstract: This study aimed to investigate the effects of a 12-week structured exercise intervention on total physical activity and its subcategories. Twenty-three overweight or obese middle aged men with impaired glucose regulation were randomized into a 12-week Nordic walking group, a power-type resistance training group, and a non-exercise control group. Physical activity was measured with questionnaires before the intervention (1-4 weeks) and during the intervention (1-12 weeks) and was expressed in metabolic equivalents of task. No significant change in the volume of total physical activity between or within the groups was observed (p > 0.050). The volume of total leisure-time physical activity (structured exercises + non-structured leisure-time physical activity) increased significantly in the Nordic walking group (p < 0.050) but not in the resistance training group (p > 0.050) compared to the control group. In both exercise groups increase in the weekly volume of total leisure-time physical activity was inversely associated with the volume of non-leisure-time physical activities. In conclusion, structured exercise intervention did not increase the volume of total physical activity. Albeit, endurance training can increase the volume of high intensity physical activities, however it is associated with compensatory decrease in lower intensity physical activities. To achieve effective personalized exercise program, individuality in compensatory behavior should be recognised. Key PointsStructured NW or RT training does not increase the volume of total physical activity.NW intervention can increase the volume of higher intensity activities.The increased in volume of LTPA induced by the structured NW and RT interventions was associated with the decreased volume of NLTPA.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki , Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Niko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wasenius
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedicine, Exercise medicine, University of Eastern Finland , Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: Mika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Venojärvi
authors.affiliation: Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki , Helsinki, Finland ; Folkhälsan Research Center , Helsinki, Finland ; Department of Health, Functional capacity, National Institute for Health and Welfare , Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Sirpa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Manderoos
authors.affiliation: Arcada, University of Applied Sciences , Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Jukka
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Surakka
authors.affiliation: Unit of Health and Work Ability, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health , Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Harri
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lindholm
authors.affiliation: Paavo Nurmi Centre & Department of Health and Physical Activity, University of Turku , Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Olli J
authors.initials: OJ
authors.lastname: Heinonen
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Functional capacity, National Institute for Health and Welfare , Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Sirkka
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aunola
authors.affiliation: Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki , Helsinki, Finland ; Folkhälsan Research Center , Helsinki, Finland ; Unit of General Practice, Helsinki University General Hospital , Helsinki, Finland ; Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare , Helsinki, Finland ; Vaasa Central Hospital , Vaasa, Finland.
authors.forename: Johan G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Eriksson
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä , Jyväskylä, Finland.
authors.forename: Esko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mälkiä
keywords: Nordic walking; energy expenditure; glucose intolerance; resistance training; thermogenesis