title: Canine paroxysmal movement disorders.
abstract: Paroxysmal dyskinesias are episodic movement disorders characterized by muscle hypertonicity that can produce involuntary movements. Signs emanate from the central nervous system; consciousness is not impaired, ictal electroencephalography is normal, and there are no autonomic signs, distinguishing them from seizure disorders. In humans they are classified into 3 groups, each responding to different therapies. A mutation in the gene for brevican (BCAN) has been identified as the cause of Episodic Falling in Cavalier King Charles spaniels. Further elucidation of the genetic causes will enhance our ability to identify and treat these canine diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pre-Clinic and Applied Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, 999 Phuttamonthon Sai 4 Road, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand.
authors.forename: Ganokon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Urkasemsin
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA. Electronic address: natasha_olby@ncsu.edu.
authors.forename: Natasha J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Olby
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002819:Chorea / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D004285:Dogs; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease
keywords: Episodic falling; Episodic movement disorders; Hyperkinetic episode; Hypertonicity; Paroxysmal dyskinesia; Scottie cramp