title: Tetrabromobisphenol A activates inflammatory pathways in human first trimester extravillous trophoblasts in vitro.
abstract: Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) is a widely used flame retardant. Despite the presence of TBBPA in gestational tissues and the importance of proper regulation of inflammatory networks for successful pregnancy, there is no prior study on the effects of TBBPA on inflammatory responses in gestational tissues. The present study aimed to investigate TBBPA activation of inflammatory pathways, specifically cytokine and prostaglandin production, in the human first trimester placental cell line HTR-8/SVneo. TBBPA enhanced release of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and suppressed TGF-β release in HTR-8/SVneo cells. The lowest effective concentration was 10 μM TBBPA. A commercial immune response PCR array revealed increased expression of genes involved in inflammatory pathways stimulated by TBBPA in HTR-8/SVneo cells. Because proper regulation of inflammatory mediators in the gestational compartment is necessary for normal placental development and successful pregnancy, further investigation on the impact of TBBPA-stimulated responses on trophoblast function is warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA. Electronic address: heaven@umich.edu.
authors.forename: Hae-Ryung
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA.
authors.forename: Patricia W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Kamau
authors.affiliation: College of Arts and Sciences, Lynn University, 3601 North Military Trail, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA.
authors.forename: Cassandra
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Korte
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA.
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Loch-Caruso
mesh_terms: D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000502:physiology*; D011075:Polybrominated Biphenyls / Q000633:toxicity*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D011453:Prostaglandins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D011075:Polybrominated Biphenyls; D011453:Prostaglandins; C020806:tetrabromobisphenol A
keywords: Brominated flame retardant; Cytokines; HTR-8/SVneo cells; Human extravillous trophoblasts; Placenta; Prostaglandins; Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA)