title: Circulating IGFBP-2 levels are incrementally linked to correlates of the metabolic syndrome and independently associated with VLDL triglycerides.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess whether plasma IGFBP-2 is independently associated with components of the lipoprotein-lipid profile and to suggest a cutoff value that could identify subjects with the features of the metabolic syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this cross-sectional study, 379 Caucasian men from the general population and covering a wide range of BMI were recruited through the media. Subjects with type 2 diabetes, BMI values > 40 kg/m(2), or taking medication targeting glucose or lipid metabolism or blood pressure were excluded. Anthropometric data were collected and plasma IGFBP-2 concentrations, glucose tolerance and an extensive plasma lipid profile were determined after an overnight fast.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects with low IGFBP-2 levels were characterized by increased fat mass (p < 0.0001), impaired insulin sensitivity (p < 0.0001) and higher plasma triglyceride (TG) levels (p < 0.0001). When divided into 6 quantiles, only subjects with the highest IGFBP-2 levels (>221.5 ng/mL) did not meet the NCEP ATP III criteria for the clinical diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome. In addition, circulating IGFBP-2 levels were significantly associated with VLDL-TG (r = -0.51, p < 0.0001) and HDL-C (r = -0.27, p < 0.0001) levels. After adjustments, plasma IGFBP-2 was found to be independently associated with VLDL-TG levels but not with HDL-C concentrations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our cohort, IGFBP-2 levels <221.5 ng/mL are incrementally associated with a detrimental plasma lipoprotein-lipid profile. After adjustment for covariates, IGFBP-2 remained independently associated with VLDL-TG but not HDL-C levels. This study supports further investigations in other populations and validation of IGFBP-2 as a biomarker of early dyslipidemia.
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Zhuo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lemieux
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada; Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Natalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Alméras
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada; Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tremblay
authors.affiliation: Lipid Research Center, CHU de Québec Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bergeron
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Poirier
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Deshaies
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada; Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Després
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada. Electronic address: frederic.picard@criucpq.ulaval.ca.
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Picard
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000886:Anthropometry; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000097:blood; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D018971:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 2 / Q000097:blood*; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C577903:IGFBP2 protein, human; D018971:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 2; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL; D014280:Triglycerides
keywords: Dyslipidemia; HDL; Human; IGFBP-2; Metabolic syndrome; Obesity; VLDL