title: Agnathia-otocephaly: prenatal diagnosis by two- and three-dimensional ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. Case report.
abstract: A case of prenatally diagnosed otocephaly is reported. Otocephaly is an extremely rare malformation characterized by absence or hypoplasia of the mandible and abnormal horizontal position of the ears. 2D ultrasound performed at 25 weeks of gestation revealed agnathia, proboscis and hypotelorism. 3D ultrasound (rendering mode) and magnetic resonance imaging were used to evaluate the facial features, and were essential for characterization of facial malformations in otocephaly and for the demonstration and correct prenatal counseling of the couple.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Wagner Jou
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Hisaba
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Hérbene José Figuinha
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Milani
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo-SP, Brazil. araujojred@terra.com.br.
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Araujo Júnior
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jurandir Piassi
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Passos
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Enoch Quinderé Sá
authors.initials: EQ
authors.lastname: Barreto
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Natália Silva
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Talita Micheletti
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Helfer
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: David Batista Silva
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Pares
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciano Marcondes Machado
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Nardozza
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Antonio Fernandes
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Moron
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000175:diagnosis*; D000328:Adult; D019465:Craniofacial Abnormalities / Q000175:diagnosis*; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis / Q000379:methods; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000379:methods*