title: Investigation of anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and antipyretic activities of Stahlianthus involucratus rhizome ethanol extract.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Stahlianthus involucratus (Zingiberaceae) has long been used in traditional medicine to treat inflammation, pain, and fever. However, no pharmacological study of this plant has been reported to confirm these activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and antipyretic activities of Stahlianthus involucratus rhizome ethanol extract (SiE) in animal models.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anti-inflammatory activity of SiE was investigated in rats using ethyl phenylpropiolate (EPP)-induced ear edema, carrageenan- and arachidonic acid (AA)-induced hind paw edema, and cotton pellet-induced granuloma formation models. Acetic acid-induced writhing response in mice and tail-flick test in rats as well as yeast-induced hyperthermia in rats were used to investigate the antinociceptive and antipyretic activities, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SiE significantly inhibited EPP-induced ear edema, carrageenan- and AA-induced hind paw edema. Its inhibitory effect in carrageenan-induced hind paw edema seemed to be in a dose-dependent manner. In cotton pellet-induced granuloma formation, SiE showed suppressive effects on granuloma formation but not on body weight gain and dry thymus weight. It could normalize serum alkaline phosphatase activity to nearly normal level. SiE also possessed a significant inhibitory effect, which seemed to be dose-dependent, on acetic acid-induced writhing response, whereas only at the highest dose of SiE could significantly increase test reaction time at all time-points in tail-flick test. However, no antipyretic activity was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that SiE possesses anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive, but not antipyretic, activities. This study therefore rationalizes the traditional use of SiE for the treatment of inflammation and pain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
authors.forename: Phornchai
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pingsusaen
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. Electronic address: puongtip.k@cmu.ac.th.
authors.forename: Puongtip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kunanusorn
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
authors.forename: Parirat
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Khonsung
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
authors.forename: Natthakarn
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chiranthanut
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
authors.forename: Ampai
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Panthong
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand.
authors.forename: Chaiyong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rujjanawate
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid / Q000633:toxicity; D000700:Analgesics / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D058633:Antipyretics / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000633:toxicity; D002351:Carrageenan / Q000633:toxicity; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000494:pharmacology; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D006099:Granuloma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010666:Phenylpropionates / Q000633:toxicity; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D030521:Zingiberaceae / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D058633:Antipyretics; D010666:Phenylpropionates; D010936:Plant Extracts; C469627:ethyl phenylpropanoate; D004008:Diclofenac; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D000431:Ethanol; D002351:Carrageenan; D019342:Acetic Acid
keywords: Acetic acid (PubChem CID: 176); Acetone (PubChem CID: 180); Anti-inflammatory; Antinociceptive; Antipyretic; Arachidonic acid (PubChem CID: 444899); Codeine phosphate (PubChem CID: 12303736); Diclofenac sodium (PubChem CID: 5018304); Dimethylsulfoxide (PubChem CID: 679); Ethyl phenylpropiolate (PubChem CID: 91516); Lambda carrageenan; Prednisolone (PubChem CID: 5755); Rhizome; Stahlianthus involucratus