title: Novel applications of ubiquinone biopolymer nanocarriers for preventive and regenerative therapeutics: The Saccharomyces cerevisiae paradigm.
abstract: Since the last decade, nanodispersed drug delivery systems gain increasingly more importance for therapeutic research fields. The forced transport to the centers of inflammation is supposed to take advantage as a novel strategic approach. Thus, the focus of this study was to investigate the applicability of ubiquinone nanoformulations against oxidative stress. The physiological reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) seems to be a promising treatment to point out the potential effects of these sophisticated nano-constructs. Therefore, the yeast strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae N34 was used for in vitro studies as a representative for eukaryotic organisms. Growth parameters during sequential fed batch-cultivation were monitored online using focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM) method. The ability to control diverse cellular processes makes this yeast strain to a valuable tool for the initial investigation by understanding the fundamental mechanisms of nanoparticulate formulations onto eukaryotic cells. Furthermore, the characteristic stress response of yeast cell culture was examined, so that drug effects could be determined quantitatively. As a chemical stressor, diamide was tested in the range of 1-1000 mg diamide per g cell dry weight (CDW). The ubiquinone nanoformulation demonstrated a total stress reduction of approximately 14% in the yeast culture, confirming the potential applicability of ubiquinone.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Gaußstraße 17, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hoennscheidt
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.
authors.forename: Argyrios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Margaritis
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Gaußstraße 17, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany. Electronic address: r.krull@tu-braunschweig.de.
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Krull
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001704:Biopolymers / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D003958:Diamide / Q000633:toxicity; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol / Q000737:chemistry; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D044968:Regenerative Medicine; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D014451:Ubiquinone / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001704:Biopolymers; D004337:Drug Carriers; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D003958:Diamide; D014451:Ubiquinone; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol
keywords: Drug delivery system; Focused beam reflectance method; Oxidative stress; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Sequential fed batch; Ubiquinone