title: A novel immunochromatographic system for easy-to-use detection of group 1 avian influenza viruses with acquired human-type receptor binding specificity.
abstract: A switch of viral hemagglutinin receptor binding specificity from bird-type α2,3- to human-type α2,6-linked sialic acid is necessary for an avian influenza virus to become a pandemic virus. In this study, an easy-to-use strip test to detect receptor binding specificity of influenza virus was developed. A biotinylated anti-hemagglutinin antibody that bound a broad range of group 1 influenza A viruses and latex-conjugated α2,3 (blue) and α2,6 (red) sialylglycopolymers were used in an immunochromatographic strip test, with avidin and lectin immobilized on a nitrocellulose membrane at test and control lines, respectively. Accumulation of a sialylglycopolymer-virus-antibody complex at the test line was visualized by eye. The strip test could be completed in 30min and did not require special equipment or skills, thereby avoiding some disadvantages of current methods for analyzing receptor binding specificity of influenza virus. The strip test could detect the receptor binding specificity of a wide range of influenza viruses, as well as small increases in the binding affinity of variant H5N1 viruses to α2,6 sialylglycans at viral titers >128 hemagglutination units. The strip test results were in agreement with those of ELISA virus binding assays, with correlations >0.95. In conclusion, the immunochromatographic strip test developed in this study should be useful for monitoring potential changes in the receptor binding specificity of group 1 influenza A viruses in the field.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. Electronic address: nabe@biken.osaka-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yohei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.affiliation: KAINOS Laboratories, Inc., Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt.
authors.forename: Madiha S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuha
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.affiliation: Center for Infectious Disease Research in Asia and Africa, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Vietnam Research Station, Nagasaki University, c/o National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
authors.forename: Kozue
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hotta
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
authors.forename: Hoang Vu Mai
authors.initials: HV
authors.lastname: Phuong
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
authors.forename: Nguyen Le Khanh
authors.initials: Nle K
authors.lastname: Hang
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
authors.forename: Le Quynh
authors.initials: le Q
authors.lastname: Mai
authors.affiliation: Avian Zoonosis Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan.
authors.forename: Kosuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Soda
authors.affiliation: Center for Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaoki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamaoka
authors.affiliation: Indonesia-Japan Collaborative Research Center, Institute of Tropical Disease, Airlangga University, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Emmanuel Djoko
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Poetranto
authors.affiliation: Indonesia-Japan Collaborative Research Center, Institute of Tropical Disease, Airlangga University, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Laksmi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wulandari
authors.affiliation: Health Science Hills, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Aichi 487-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hiramatsu
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Daidoji
authors.affiliation: Kanonji Institute, The Research Foundation for Microbial Diseases of Osaka University, Kagawa 768-0061, Japan.
authors.forename: Ritsuko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kubota-Koketsu
authors.affiliation: Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand; Health Science Hills, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Aichi 487-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Nongluk
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sriwilaijaroen
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
authors.forename: Takaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakaya
authors.affiliation: Kanonji Institute, The Research Foundation for Microbial Diseases of Osaka University, Kagawa 768-0061, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshinobu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okuno
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
authors.forename: Tadanobu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Avian Zoonosis Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.affiliation: Center for Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan.
authors.forename: Hak
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hotta
authors.affiliation: Center for Infectious Disease Research in Asia and Africa, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Vietnam Research Station, Nagasaki University, c/o National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
authors.forename: Tetsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamashiro
authors.affiliation: KAINOS Laboratories, Inc., Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
authors.forename: Tsukasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
authors.forename: Kouichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ikuta
authors.affiliation: Health Science Hills, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Aichi 487-8501, Japan. Electronic address: suzukiy@isc.chubu.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001717:Birds / Q000821:virology*; D002846:Chromatography, Affinity / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D053124:Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000175:diagnosis*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000175:diagnosis; D011934:Reagent Strips / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus; D011934:Reagent Strips
keywords: Detection of receptor binding specificity; Group 1 influenza A virus; H5N1 avian influenza virus; Immunochromatographic strip test; Pandemic potential; Sialylglycopolymer