title: Retrofitting hetrotrophically cultivated algae biomass as pyrolytic feedstock for biogas, bio-char and bio-oil production encompassing biorefinery.
abstract: Algal biomass grown hetrotrophically in domestic wastewater was evaluated as pyrolytic feedstock for harnessing biogas, bio-oil and bio-char. Freshly harvested microalgae (MA) and lipid extracted microalgae (LEMA) were pyrolysed in packed bed reactor in the presence and absence of sand as additive. MA (without sand additive) depicted higher biogas (420 ml/g; 800 °C; 3 h) and bio-oil (0.70 ml/g; 500 °C; 3 h). Sand addition enhanced biogas production (210 ml/g; 600 °C; 2 h) in LEMA operation. The composition of bio-gas and bio-oil was found to depend on the nature of feedstock as well as the process conditions viz., pyrolytic-temperature, retention time and presence of additive. Sand additive improved the H2 composition while pyrolytic temperature increment caused a decline in CO2 fraction. Bio-char productivity increased with increasing temperature specifically with LEMA. Integration of thermo-chemical process with microalgae cultivation showed to yield multiple resources and accounts for environmental sustainability in the bio-refinery framework.
authors.affiliation: Bioengineering and Environmental Sciences (BEES), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India.
authors.forename: Omprakash
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sarkar
authors.affiliation: Bioengineering and Environmental Sciences (BEES), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India.
authors.forename: Manu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.affiliation: Bioengineering and Environmental Sciences (BEES), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Naresh Kumar
authors.affiliation: Bioengineering and Environmental Sciences (BEES), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India. Electronic address: vmohan_s@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Venkata Mohan
mesh_terms: D056804:Biofuels; D018533:Biomass; D019149:Bioreactors; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry; D002606:Charcoal / Q000737:chemistry*; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000737:chemistry; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry; D008697:Methane / Q000737:chemistry; D058086:Microalgae / Q000737:chemistry*; D009821:Oils / Q000737:chemistry; D013696:Temperature; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry; D018508:Water Purification
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D008055:Lipids; D009821:Oils; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C540010:biochar; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D002606:Charcoal; D006859:Hydrogen; D008697:Methane
keywords: Adsorbent; Biohydrogen; Lipids; Oil extracted microalgae; Sand additive