title: Predictors of response to liraglutide in Japanese type 2 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In Japan, liraglutide is approved for use alone or in combination with sulfonylureas, and the approved maximum dosage is 0.9 mg/day. This restriction could limit the glucose-lowering effect of liraglutide in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study was designed to identify predictors of response to liraglutide therapy at the approved dosage.
  
  
  METHODS
  This observational retrospective study included 380 patients with T2DM who were treated with liraglutide alone or in combination with sulfonylureas at Diabetes Centers located in four geographically different areas of Japan. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify patient characteristics associated with discontinuation of liraglutide, while multiple regression and decision tree analyses were used to identify predictors of response to liraglutide therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Factors associated with discontinuation of liraglutide included high BMI, long duration of diabetes, and prior insulin therapy. Predictors of response to liraglutide therapy in patients who did not use insulin previously included previous use of few oral glucose-lowering agents and high baseline HbA1c level.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest greater efficacy of liraglutide monotherapy or liraglutide-sulfonylurea combination therapy in patients with short duration of diabetes, non-insulin therapy, and low BMI and high HbA1c level at baseline.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara 259-1193, Kanagawa, Japan. Electronic address: m-toyoda@is.icc.u-tokai.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toyoda
authors.affiliation: Jiyugaoka Medical Clinic Internal Medicine, Obihiro 080-0016, Hokkaido, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.affiliation: Abe Diabetes Clinic, Oita 870-0039, Oita, Japan.
authors.forename: Katsushige
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine, Heiwadai Hospital, Miyazaki 880-0034, Miyazaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Shuji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Suzuki Diabetes Clinic, Atsugi 243-0035, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015994:Incidence; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D000069450:Liraglutide; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D000069450:Liraglutide
keywords: BMI; Human GLP-1 analog; Type 2 diabetes