title: Protective effect of apple (Ralls) polyphenol extract against aluminum-induced cognitive impairment and oxidative damage in rat.
abstract: Aluminum (Al) has long been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Dietary polyphenols have been strongly associated with reduced risk of AD and the other nervous diseases. We aimed to evaluate the preventive effect of the apple polyphenol extract (APE) on Al-induced biotoxicity, in order to provide a new focus on the design of strategies to prevent AD and the other human diseases related to Al overload. Control, Al-treated (171.8 mg Al kg(-1)day(-1) 10 weeks), APE+Al (Al-treatment as previously plus 200 mg kg(-1)day(-1) 10 weeks), and group of APE per se were used. Al intake caused memory impairment, significant decrease of acetylcholinesterase, CK, SOD, CAT activity and the rate of ATP synthesis, increase the Al content, the level of malondialdehyde and β-amyloid 42. Administration of APE significantly improved memory retention, attenuated oxidative damage, acetylcholinesterase activity and Al level in Al treated rats. Furthermore, chlorogenic acid (ChA) was used for analyzing stability of polyphenols-Al(3+) complex. Log K1 was 10.51, and the mole ratio of Al(3+) to ligand was 1:1. We further found that the amounts of Al increased significantly in feces of the rats gavaged with AlCl3 plus ChA compared with AlCl3. Our finding has shown APE has neuroprotective effects against Al-induced biotoxicity. Chelating with Al and disturbing its absorption could account for the neuroprotective roles of dietary polyphenols against Al toxicity.
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Food Safety and Sanitation, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Dai
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xi
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jiankang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Beijing Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Dongdong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yuxia
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: jwb@cau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Weibo
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000535:Aluminum / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D065854:Spatial Navigation / Q000187:drug effects; D013634:Tannins / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D013634:Tannins; C526219:apple polyphenol extract; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid; D000535:Aluminum
keywords: Aluminum; Antioxidant; Apple polyphenols; Chelation; Neuroprotective