title: Early MEG markers for reading Chinese phonograms: evidence from radical combinability and consistency effects.
abstract: Studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging have indicated that activities in the left inferior frontal cortex and left temporoparietal regions are associated with orthographic neighborhood size. To elucidate the temporal dynamics of reading-related cortical activities, we manipulated two types of neighborhood properties for Chinese phonograms, phonetic combinability and consistency. By using source analysis techniques in combination with magnetoencephalography, the results demonstrated a combinability effect in the right fusiform gyrus at ∼ 170 ms, which may reflect perceptual expertise in processing Chinese orthography. During 200 ms to 250 ms, the left anterior insula showed larger activity in reading small combinability characters than in reading large combinability characters, and the left inferior parietal cortex showed greater activity in reading low consistency characters than in reading high consistency characters. These results indicate that the left anterior insula cortex and left inferior parietal cortex may play important roles in the early stages of reading Chinese phonograms.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Linguistics, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Section 2, Academia Road, 115 Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: kevinhsu@gate.sinica.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Chun-Hsien
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Linguistics, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Section 2, Academia Road, 115 Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Section 2, Linong Street, 112 Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda Rd., Jhongli City, Taoyuan County 32001, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chia-Ying
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Institute of Linguistics, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Section 2, Academia Road, 115 Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Section 2, Linong Street, 112 Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, 75 Bo-Ai Street, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ovid J-L
authors.initials: OJ
authors.lastname: Tzeng
mesh_terms: D001931:Brain Mapping; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D002681:China; D006801:Humans; D015225:Magnetoencephalography; D010296:Parietal Lobe / Q000502:physiology; D010700:Phonetics; D011932:Reading; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000502:physiology
keywords: Consistency; Inferior parietal cortex; Insula cortex; MEG; Orthographic neighbors