title: RNA sequencing reveals high resolution expression change of major plant hormone pathway genes after young seedless grape berries treated with gibberellin.
abstract: Seedless varieties are of particular importance to the table-grape and raisin industries. Gibberellin (GA) application is widely used in the early stages of seedless berry development to increase berry size and economic value. However, the underlying mechanism of GA induction of berry enlargement is not well understood. Here, RNA-sequencing analysis of 'Centennial Seedless' (Vitis vinifera L.) berries treated with GA3 12 days after flowering is reported. Pair-wise comparison of GA3-treated and control samples detected 165, 444, 463 genes with an over two-fold change in expression 1, 3, and 7 days after GA3 treatment, respectively. The number of differentially expressed genes increased with time after GA3 treatment, and the differential expression was dominated by downregulation. Significantly modulated expression included genes encoding synthesis and catabolism to manage plant hormone homeostasis, hormone transporters, receptors and key components in signaling pathways; exogenous GA3 induced multipoint cross talk with auxin, cytokinin, brassinosteroid, ABA and ethylene. The temporal gene-expression patterns of cell-wall-modification enzymes, cytoskeleton and membrane components and transporters revealed a pivotal role for cell-wall-relaxation genes in GA3-induced berry enlargement. Our results provide the first sequential transcriptomic atlas of exogenous GA3-induced berry enlargement and reveal the complexity of GA3's effect on berry sizing.
authors.affiliation: College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China. Electronic address: chailijuanenola@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Lijuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chai
authors.affiliation: College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China. Electronic address: yanmeili2000@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Yanmei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China. Electronic address: swchen@cau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Shangwu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Fruit Tree Breeding and Molecular Genetics, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Bet-Dagan 50250, Israel. Electronic address: vhlperl@volcani.agri.gov.il.
authors.forename: Avihai
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Perl
authors.affiliation: Tobacco Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xuchang 461000, China. Electronic address: fxzhao1982@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Fengxia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China. Electronic address: hqma@cau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Huiqin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D002473:Cell Wall / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D005638:Fruit / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000187:drug effects; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects*; D063990:Gene Ontology; D017343:Genes, Plant; D005875:Gibberellins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009997:Osmotic Pressure; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012639:Seeds / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D059467:Transcriptome / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D027843:Vitis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D005875:Gibberellins; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators
keywords: Additional berry enlargement; Gibberellin acid treatment; Plant hormone cross talk; Plant hormone gene expression change; RNA sequencing; Seedless grape berry