title: Lexical access in children with hearing loss or specific language impairment, using the cross-modal picture-word interference paradigm.
abstract: In this study we compared lexical access to spoken words in 25 deaf children with cochlear implants (CIs), 13 hard-of-hearing (HoH) children and 20 children with specific language impairment (SLI). Twenty-one age-matched typically developing children served as controls. The children with CIs and the HoH children in the present study had good speech perception abilities. We used a cross-modal picture-word interference paradigm to examine lexical access. Results showed that children with SLI revealed overall slower reaction times and produced more errors than the children with CIs, the HoH children, and the control children. Reaction times of children with CIs and the HoH children did not differ from those of the control children. Thus, problems with spoken language processing, as is the case in children with SLI, seem to affect lexical access more than limitations in auditory perception, as is the fundamental problem in children with hearing loss. We recommend that improvement of lexical access in children with SLI deserves specific attention in therapy and education.
authors.affiliation: Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9104, 6500 HE Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: b.dehoog@pwo.ru.nl.
authors.forename: Brigitte E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: de Hoog
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hearing and Implants, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Margreet C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Langereis
authors.affiliation: Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9104, 6500 HE Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marjolijn
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van Weerdenburg
authors.affiliation: Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9104, 6500 HE Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Royal Dutch Kentalis, Kentalis Academy, P.O. Box 7, 5270 BA Sint-Michielsgestel, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Harry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Knoors
authors.affiliation: Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9104, 6500 HE Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ludo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Verhoeven
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D003054:Cochlear Implants; D003638:Deafness / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D005260:Female; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D007805:Language Development Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007807:Language Tests; D008297:Male; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual; D013067:Speech Perception; D014825:Vocabulary
keywords: Children; Cochlear implants; Hard-of-hearing; Lexical access; Picture naming; SLI