title: Bioprofiling of platelets in medicated patients with depression.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Changes in platelet bioactivity and aggregation are of interest when studying patients with depression as this could help to explain the statistically observed association of depression and chronic somatic, especially cardiovascular disease. This link could potentially be mediated through serotonergic signaling or immunological changes.
  
  
  METHODS
  38 medicated patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and 30 mentally healthy controls, both without a diagnosis of cardiovascular disease, were included in this naturalistic study. Demographic and psychometric data were obtained. Platelet aggregability was measured by PFA-100 and bioactive compounds and serotonin levels were quantified in platelet sonicate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The comparison of patients with controls revealed no changes in platelet aggregability, but significant differences in platelet content of several bioactive compounds. In a second analysis, patients were grouped according to the receptors and transporters influenced by their medication and again compared to controls. A significant effect of MDD was found for platelet content of serotonin, CD40L, interleukin-1β, and platelet factor-4, independent of medication. These markers can thus be classified as sensitive to MDD. The effect of medication on platelet parameters was also evaluated. Platelet content of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and β-thromboglobulin was normalized in MDD patients by medication acting on the serotonin transporter.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Owing to the naturalistic study design, patients were on a variety of different medications and combination therapies. This was accounted for by a novel analysis method.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Platelet serotonin levels and content of immunomodulatory compounds are significantly altered in patients with MDD, even if treatment effects are taken into account.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria. Electronic address: katharina.huefner@uki.at.
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hüfner
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kandler
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Pia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Koudouovoh-Tripp
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Jonas
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Egeter
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Psychiatry and Experimental Alzheimer׳s Research, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Tanja
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hochstrasser
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Bettina
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Stemer
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Malik
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Giesinger
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Psychiatry and Experimental Alzheimer׳s Research, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Humpel
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sperner-Unterweger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001317:Austria; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000378:metabolism*; D023201:CD40 Ligand / Q000097:blood; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood*; D003863:Depression / Q000097:blood*; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects; D010978:Platelet Factor 4; D012701:Serotonin / Q000097:blood*; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001620:beta-Thromboglobulin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D023201:CD40 Ligand; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D010978:Platelet Factor 4; D012701:Serotonin; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; D001620:beta-Thromboglobulin; C061615:PPBP protein, human
keywords: Aggregation; Bioactivity; Cardiovascular disease; Medication; Platelet