title: The dynamics of the HS/SPME-GC/MS as a tool to assess the spoilage of minced beef stored under different packaging and temperature conditions.
abstract: The aim of the current study was to assess meat spoilage through the evolution of volatile compounds using chemometrics. Microbiological and sensory assessment, pH measurement and headspace solid phase microextraction gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (headspace SPME-GC/MS) analysis were carried out in minced beef stored aerobically and under modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) at 0, 5, 10, and 15 °C. It was shown that the HS/SPME-GC/MS analysis provided useful information about a great number of volatile metabolic compounds detected during meat storage. Many of the identified and semi-quantified compounds were correlated with the sensory scores through the use of chemometrics, depicting possible spoilage indicators such as 2-pentanone, 2-nonanone, 2-methyl-1-butanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, ethyl hexanoate, ethyl propanoate, ethyl lactate, ethyl acetate, ethanol, 2-heptanone, 3-octanone, diacetyl, and acetoin. Finally, the applied GC/MS global models were able to estimate the microbial counts of the different microorganisms and the sensory scores of a meat sample regardless of storage conditions (i.e. packaging and temperature).
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, Athens 11855, Greece; Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organization - DEMETER, Sof. Venizelou 1, Lycovrissi, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Anthoula A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Argyri
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, Athens 11855, Greece.
authors.forename: Athanasios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mallouchos
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, Athens 11855, Greece.
authors.forename: Efstathios Z
authors.initials: EZ
authors.lastname: Panagou
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, Athens 11855, Greece.
authors.forename: George-John E
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Nychas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D058491:Bacterial Load; D002417:Cattle; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D005516:Food Microbiology / Q000379:methods*; D018857:Food Packaging; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008460:Meat / Q000382:microbiology / Q000592:standards; D012677:Sensation; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds
keywords: Chemometrics; Meat quality; Meat spoilage; Metabolites; Metabolomics