title: Resveratrol exerts anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects to prevent memory deficits in rats exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress.
abstract: A number of studies have recently focused on the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of resveratrol. In prior studies, we described its beneficial effects on scopolamine-induced learning deficits in rats. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of resveratrol on emotional and spatial cognitive functions, neurotropic factor expression, and plasma levels of proinflammatory cytokines in rats exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), which is known to induce cognitive deficits. Resveratrol (5 or 20mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally for 35 days. Rats in the CUMS group and in the 5mg/kg resveratrol+CUMS group performed poorly in tasks designed to assess emotional and spatial learning and memory. The 20mg/kg resveratrol+CUMS group showed improved performance compared to the CUMS group. In addition, the CUMS procedure induced lower expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and c-Fos in hippocampal CA1 and CA3 and in the amygdala of stressed rats. These effects were reversed by chronic administration of resveratrol (20mg/kg). In addition, plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 beta were increased by CUMS, but were restored to normal by resveratrol. These results indicate that resveratrol significantly attenuates the deficits in emotional learning and spatial memory seen in chronically stressed rats. These effects may be related to resveratrol-mediated changes in neurotrophin factor expression in hippocampus and in levels of proinflammatory cytokines in circulation.
authors.affiliation: Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Kocaeli, Turkey.
authors.forename: Yusufhan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yazir
authors.affiliation: Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Kocaeli, Turkey; Kocaeli University Experimental Medical Research and Application Centre, Kocaeli, Turkey. Electronic address: tijenutkan@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Tijen
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Utkan
authors.affiliation: Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Kocaeli, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nejat
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gacar
authors.affiliation: Marmara University Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Psychopharmacology Unit, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Feyza
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Aricioglu
mesh_terms: D000679:Amygdala / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004644:Emotions / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000378:metabolism; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000077185:Resveratrol; D065853:Spatial Learning / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D065852:Spatial Memory / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood; D035501:Uncertainty
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; C000594089:IL1B protein, rat; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D013267:Stilbenes; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000077185:Resveratrol
keywords: BDNF; Chronic mild stress learning; IL-1β; Memory; Resveratrol; TNF-α; c-Fos