title: Influence of melaleuca and copaiba oils on Candida albicans adhesion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of Melaleuca alternifolia and Copaifera officinalis in inhibiting the adhesion of Candida albicans biofilm.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Over 65% of denture wearers suffer from denture stomatitis, which is one of the most prevalent forms of oral candidiasis. This disease is characterised by the inflammation of the oral mucosa in contact with the contaminated denture. The contaminated denture contributes to the switch of C. albicans from yeast to its pathogenic hyphal form. Candida albicans adheres and colonises the polymethylmethacrylate resin surfaces and thus contributes to the development of denture stomatitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of M. alternifolia and Co. officinalis was assessed by the agar dilution method. Sixty-six thermopolymerised acrylic resin squares were used and treated with phosphate-buffered saline, sodium hypochlorite 1%, melaleuca 0.75%, melaleuca 0.375%, melaleuca 0.188% and copaiba 10%. For adherence and biofilm formation, the treated squares were placed in six-well tissue culture plates containing 1 × 10(7)  cells/ml of ATCC1023 or SC5314 in Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) medium, and after 12 h, the planktonic cells were counted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Copaiba oil did not inhibit C. albicans growth. However, melaleuca oil showed an MIC value of 0.375% (3.4 mg/ml) for ATCC10231 and 0.093% (0.84 mg/ml) for SC5314.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results demonstrated that M. alternifolia oil inhibited the growth of C. albicans. Moreover, both oils promoted significant adhesion reduction in the tested strains. These findings suggest the possibility of using these oils in prophylaxes against candidiasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Priscila Lie
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Tobouti
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Carolina Martins
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Mussi
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Diego Conrado Pereira
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernanda Mombrini
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Pigatti
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos Pelleschi
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Taborda
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luiz Antônio
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: de Assis Taveira
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Suzana Cantanhede Orsini Machado
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: de Sousa
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects*; D002180:Candidiasis, Oral / Q000517:prevention & control; D003778:Dentures / Q000382:microbiology*; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D031650:Melaleuca / Q000737:chemistry*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013282:Stomatitis, Denture / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D010938:Plant Oils
keywords: Candida; adhesion; copaiba; melaleuca