title: Effect of azaline B on follicular development and functions in the hamster.
abstract: The usefulness of azaline B, a GnRH antagonist, in suppressing gonadotropin secretion in the golden hamster was examined by examining follicular development, steroidogenesis and expression of steroidogenic enzymes. Serum levels of P and E declined significantly, while FSH or LH was undetectable in azaline B-treated hamsters. FSH significantly increased serum E levels, whereas LH upregulated serum P levels. The formation of antral follicles ceased in azaline-treated hamsters, but was reversed by FSH with or without LH supplement. FSH also activated the primordial follicle pool resulting in increased formation of primary and preantral follicles. Further, an increasing trend in the formation of preantral follicles in response to E or E + P, and the formation of antral follicles in response to E + P treatment was evident. The level of Cyp11a1 mRNA increased markedly in LH- or LH + FSH-treated hamsters, whereas FSH with or without LH upregulated Cyp17a1, Cyp19a1 and Fshr mRNA expression. E without or with P also upregulated ovarian Cyp19a1 mRNA expression. The expression of enzyme protein corroborated the mRNA data. In summary, azaline B is an efficient GnRH antagonist in the hamster, and will be useful in studying the selective effect of gonadotropins on ovarian functions without disrupting the physiological functions of other hormones in ovarian cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
authors.forename: Prabuddha
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chakraborty
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA. Electronic address: skroy@unmc.edu.
authors.forename: Shyamal K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Roy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001141:Aromatase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002786:Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology; D030762:Estrous Cycle / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008647:Mesocricetus; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011962:Receptors, FSH / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011962:Receptors, FSH; C070464:azaline; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone; D001141:Aromatase; D002786:Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme
keywords: Azaline B; FSH; Follicles; LH; Ovary