title: Bone graft substitute: allograft and xenograft.
abstract: Rapid bone graft incorporation for structural rigidity is essential. Early range of motion, exercise, and weight-bearing are keys to rehabilitation. Structural and nonstructural bone grafts add length, height, and volume to alter alignment, function, and appearance. Bone graft types include: corticocancellous autograft, allograft, xenograft, and synthetic graft. Autogenic grafts are harvested from the patient, less likely to be rejected, and more likely to be incorporated; however, harvesting adds a procedure and donor site complication is common. Allografts, xenografts, and synthetic grafts eliminate secondary procedures and donor site complications; however, rejection and slower incorporation can occur.
authors.affiliation: Section of Podiatry, Department of Surgery, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Central Texas Health Care System, Baylor Scott and White Health Care System, Temple, TX, USA. Electronic address: shibuya@medicine.tamhsc.edu.
authors.forename: Naohiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shibuya
authors.affiliation: Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Jupiter
mesh_terms: D064591:Allografts; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D005529:Foot Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D064593:Heterografts; D006801:Humans; D011859:Radiography
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes
keywords: Ankle; Autogenous graft; Bone; Foot; Incorporation; Union