title: Spinal cord injury induces a long-lasting upregulation of interleukin-1β in astrocytes around the central canal.
abstract: Under inflammatory conditions, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) modulates neural stem cells at neurogenic niches. Here we show that spinal cord injury in rats increases IL-1β expression in astrocytes located around the spinal cord ependyma, a region that also holds a neurogenic potential. IL-1β increases from day 1 after lesion, reaches maximal levels between days 3 and 7, and declines from 14 days to low levels after 28 days. At the time of maximal expression, periependymal upregulation of IL-1β extends beyond 5 mm from the epicenter of the lesion both rostral and caudally. Since IL-1β controls proliferation and cell fate of neural stem/precursor cells, its modulation in periependymal astrocytes might create an appropriate environment for cell replacement after injury.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neuroinflammation, Unidad de Neurologia Experimental, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos (SESCAM), 45071 Toledo, Spain. Electronic address: bpaniagua@sescam.jccm.es.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Paniagua-Torija
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neuroinflammation, Unidad de Neurologia Experimental, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos (SESCAM), 45071 Toledo, Spain. Electronic address: aarevalom@sescam.jccm.es.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arevalo-Martin
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neuroinflammation, Unidad de Neurologia Experimental, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos (SESCAM), 45071 Toledo, Spain. Electronic address: eduardom@sescam.jccm.es.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Molina-Holgado
authors.affiliation: Neural Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Roehampton, London SW15 4JD, UK. Electronic address: f.molina-holgado@roehampton.ac.uk.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Molina-Holgado
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neuroinflammation, Unidad de Neurologia Experimental, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos (SESCAM), 45071 Toledo, Spain. Electronic address: dgarciao@sescam.jccm.es.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Garcia-Ovejero
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D066128:Gray Matter / Q000378:metabolism; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D058953:Neural Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000378:metabolism*; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000378:metabolism*; D055153:Stem Cell Niche / Q000502:physiology; D013997:Time Factors; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: C000594089:IL1B protein, rat; D053583:Interleukin-1beta
keywords: contusion; cytokines; neural stem cell; neuroinflammation