title: Scaphoid fractures.
abstract: Scaphoid fractures are the most common carpal bone fracture, usually occurring in young men, although the incidence in women has increased over the past decade. Snuffbox tenderness and/or pain with axial loading of the thumb should be treated as a scaphoid fracture until proved otherwise and the diagnosis confirmed with serial radiographs and/or advanced imaging. Nearly all displaced scaphoid fractures should undergo operative intervention to reduce the risk of nonunion. Nondisplaced fractures have high union rates with cast treatment, but require extended periods of immobilization. Consideration may be given to operative fixation of these fractures to allow early return to sport.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, University of Pittsburgh, Suite 1010, Kaufmann Building, 3471 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. Electronic address: fowlerjr@upmc.edu.
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Fowler
authors.affiliation: University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Orthopaedic Specialists, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 9104 Babcock Boulevard, Suite 5113, Pittsburgh, PA 15237, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Hughes
mesh_terms: D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000145:classification / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D001863:Bone Screws; D002370:Casts, Surgical; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000009:adverse effects; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000145:classification / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D011859:Radiography; D021361:Scaphoid Bone / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries*
keywords: Operative fixation; Scaphoid fractures; Snuffbox tenderness