title: Semi-automated kinetic perimetry provides additional information to static automated perimetry in the assessment of the remaining visual field in end-stage glaucoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the hypothesis whether semi-automated kinetic perimetry (SKP) provides additional information to static automated perimetry (SAP) in the assessment of the remaining visual field in end-stage glaucoma, as defined by disc appearance (cup-to-disc ratio worse than 0.9) and SAP criteria (MD worse than 20 dB).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty eyes of 44 patients presenting with end-stage glaucoma were examined first with SAP within the central 30° using stimulus size III, followed by SKP within 90° using test targets III4e and V4e.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, SKP provided additional information over SAP in more than half (54%) of the cases. In 16 instances (32%), SKP revealed visual field island beyond 30° that was undetected by SAP. In eight cases (16%), SKP showed both a central island and peripheral island of visual field. In three cases (6%) altitudinal scotomatous loss was found using SKP, but not in SAP. In 23 cases (46%) the central visual field island was defined both with SAP and SKP. The mean examination duration was 4 min for SAP and 9 min for SKP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In clinical practice, SKP with III4e and V4e test targets provides more information than 30° SAP regarding the remaining peripheral VF in patients with end-stage glaucoma; however, a longer test time is required for SKP.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Ophthalmology, Medical University, Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nowomiejska
authors.forename: Dominika
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wrobel-Dudzinska
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ksiazek
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ksiazek
authors.forename: Konrad
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rejdak
authors.forename: Ryszard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Maciejewski
authors.forename: Anselm G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Juenemann
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rejdak
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009901:Optic Nerve Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D058609:Visual Field Tests / Q000379:methods*; D014794:Visual Fields / Q000502:physiology
keywords: glaucoma; perimetry; visual field; visual function