title: Hepatitis E as a cause of acute jaundice syndrome in northern Uganda, 2010-2012.
abstract: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a common cause of acute viral hepatitis in developing countries; however, its contribution to acute jaundice syndrome is not well-described. A large outbreak of hepatitis E occurred in northern Uganda from 2007 to 2009. In response to this outbreak, acute jaundice syndrome surveillance was established in 10 district healthcare facilities to determine the proportion of cases attributable to hepatitis E. Of 347 acute jaundice syndrome cases reported, the majority (42%) had hepatitis E followed by hepatitis B (14%), malaria (10%), hepatitis C (5%), and other/unknown (29%). Of hepatitis E cases, 72% occurred in Kaboong district, and 68% of these cases occurred between May and August of 2011. Residence in Kaabong district was independently associated with hepatitis E (adjusted odds ratio = 13; 95% confidence interval = 7-24). The findings from this surveillance show that an outbreak and sporadic transmission of hepatitis E occur in northern Uganda.
authors.affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; The Uganda Virus Research Institute, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Influenza Surveillance Project, World Health Organization Influenza Collaborating Center, Entebbe, Uganda; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Uganda, Kampala, Uganda ggerbi@msm.edu.
authors.forename: Gemechu B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Gerbi
authors.affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; The Uganda Virus Research Institute, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Influenza Surveillance Project, World Health Organization Influenza Collaborating Center, Entebbe, Uganda; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Uganda, Kampala, Uganda.
authors.forename: Roxanne
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; The Uganda Virus Research Institute, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Influenza Surveillance Project, World Health Organization Influenza Collaborating Center, Entebbe, Uganda; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Uganda, Kampala, Uganda.
authors.forename: Barnabas
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bakamutumaho
authors.affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; The Uganda Virus Research Institute, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Influenza Surveillance Project, World Health Organization Influenza Collaborating Center, Entebbe, Uganda; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Uganda, Kampala, Uganda.
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; The Uganda Virus Research Institute, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Influenza Surveillance Project, World Health Organization Influenza Collaborating Center, Entebbe, Uganda; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Uganda, Kampala, Uganda.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Downing
authors.affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; The Uganda Virus Research Institute, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Influenza Surveillance Project, World Health Organization Influenza Collaborating Center, Entebbe, Uganda; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Uganda, Kampala, Uganda.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Drobeniuc
authors.affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; The Uganda Virus Research Institute, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Influenza Surveillance Project, World Health Organization Influenza Collaborating Center, Entebbe, Uganda; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Uganda, Kampala, Uganda.
authors.forename: Saleem
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kamili
authors.affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; The Uganda Virus Research Institute, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Influenza Surveillance Project, World Health Organization Influenza Collaborating Center, Entebbe, Uganda; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Uganda, Kampala, Uganda.
authors.forename: Fujie
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; The Uganda Virus Research Institute, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Influenza Surveillance Project, World Health Organization Influenza Collaborating Center, Entebbe, Uganda; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Uganda, Kampala, Uganda.
authors.forename: Scott D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Holmberg
authors.affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; The Uganda Virus Research Institute, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Influenza Surveillance Project, World Health Organization Influenza Collaborating Center, Entebbe, Uganda; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Uganda, Kampala, Uganda.
authors.forename: Eyasu H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Teshale
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005260:Female; D016751:Hepatitis E / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D016752:Hepatitis E virus; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007565:Jaundice / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012621:Seasons; D013577:Syndrome; D014454:Uganda / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult