title: The origin of the Ulva macroalgal blooms in the Yellow Sea in 2013.
abstract: Green algal blooms have occurred in the Yellow Sea for seven consecutive years from 2007 to 2013. In this study, satellite image analysis and field shipboard observations indicated that the Ulva blooms in 2013 originated in the Rudong coast. The spatial distribution of Ulva microscopic propagules in the Southern Yellow Sea also supported that the blooms originated in the Rudong coast. In addition, multi-source satellite data were used to evaluate the biomass of green algae on the Pyropia aquaculture rafts. The results showed that approximately 2784 tons of Ulva prolifera were attached to the rafts and possessed the same internal transcribed spacer and 5S rDNA sequence as the dominant species in the 2013 blooms. We conclude that the significant biomass of Ulva species on the Pyropia rafts during the harvesting season in radial tidal sand ridges played an important role in the rapid development of blooms in the Yellow Sea.
authors.affiliation: College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, 1 University Place, Stamford, CT 06901, USA.
authors.forename: Jianheng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
authors.forename: Yuanzi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huo
authors.affiliation: College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
authors.forename: Hailong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
authors.forename: Kefeng
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, 1 University Place, Stamford, CT 06901, USA.
authors.forename: Jang Kyun
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, 1 University Place, Stamford, CT 06901, USA.
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yarish
authors.affiliation: East China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center of State Oceanic Administration, Shanghai 200137, China.
authors.forename: Yutao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: East China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center of State Oceanic Administration, Shanghai 200137, China.
authors.forename: Caicai
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: East China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center of State Oceanic Administration, Shanghai 200137, China.
authors.forename: Ren
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China. Electronic address: pmhe@shou.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Peimin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D017756:Aquaculture; D018533:Biomass; D002681:China; D000460:Chlorophyta; D005068:Eutrophication; D009792:Oceans and Seas; D058998:Remote Sensing Technology; D012621:Seasons; D012624:Seaweed; D044445:Ulva
keywords: Green tide; Macroalgal blooms; Pyropia aquaculture; Source; Ulva prolifera; Yellow Sea