title: New imaging techniques for liver diseases.
abstract: Newly developed or advanced methods of ultrasonography and MR imaging provide combined anatomical and quantitative functional information about diffuse and focal liver diseases. Ultrasound elastography has a central role for staging liver fibrosis and an increasing role in grading portal hypertension; dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasonography may improve tumor characterization. In clinical practice, MR imaging examinations currently include diffusion-weighted and dynamic MR imaging, enhanced with extracellular or hepatobiliary contrast agents. Moreover, quantitative parameters obtained with diffusion-weighted MR imaging, dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging and MR elastography have the potential to characterize further diffuse and focal liver diseases, by adding information about tissue cellularity, perfusion, hepatocyte transport function and visco-elasticity. The multiparametric capability of ultrasonography and more markedly of MR imaging gives the opportunity for high diagnostic performance by combining imaging biomarkers. However, image acquisition and post-processing methods should be further standardized and validated in multicenter trials.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Imaging Biomarkers, UMR1149 INSERM-University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Department of Radiology, Beaujon University Hospital Paris Nord, Clichy, France. Electronic address: bernard.van-beers@bjn.aphp.fr.
authors.forename: Bernard E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Van Beers
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Imaging Biomarkers, UMR1149 INSERM-University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Department of Radiology, Beaujon University Hospital Paris Nord, Clichy, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Luc
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Daire
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Imaging Biomarkers, UMR1149 INSERM-University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Department of Radiology, Beaujon University Hospital Paris Nord, Clichy, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Garteiser
mesh_terms: D003287:Contrast Media; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D054459:Elasticity Imaging Techniques / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media
keywords: Dynamic gadoxetate-enhanced MR imaging; Elastography; Imaging biomarkers; Liver diseases; Liver tumors; Magnetic resonance imaging; Perfusion and diffusion imaging; Ultrasonography