title: Hydroxypropyl cyclic β-(1 → 2)-D-glucans and epichlorohydrin β-cyclodextrin dimers as effective carbohydrate-solubilizers for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
abstract: The removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by soil washing using water is extremely difficult due to their intrinsic hydrophobic nature. In this study, the effective aqueous solubility enhancements of seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by chemically modified hydroxypropyl rhizobial cyclic β-(1 → 2)-D-glucans and epichlorohydrin β-cyclodextrin dimer have been investigated for the first time. In the presence of hydroxypropyl cyclic β-(1 → 2)-D-glucans, the solubility of benzo[a]pyrene is increased up to 38 fold of its native solubility. The solubility of pyrene and phenanthrene dramatically increased up to 160 and 359. Coronene, chrysene, perylene, and fluoranthene also show an increase of 11, 23, 23, and 97 fold, respectively, of enhanced solubility by complexation with synthetic epichlorohydrin β-cyclodextrin dimer. The physicochemical properties of the complex are characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectra and differential scanning calorimetry. Utilizing a scanning electron microscopy, the morphological structures of native benzo[a]pyrene, pyrene, phenanthrene, coronene, chrysene, perylene, fluoranthene and their complex with novel carbohydrate-solubilizers are studied. These results elucidate that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are able to form an efficient complex with hydroxypropyl cyclic β-(1 → 2)-D-glucans and β-cyclodextrin dimer, suggesting the potential usage of chemically modified novel carbohydrate-solubilizers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center & Institute of Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications (CBRU), Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center & Institute of Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications (CBRU), Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Daham
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center & Institute of Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications (CBRU), Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jinglan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Piao
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center & Institute of Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications (CBRU), Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Kyoungtea
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Departments of Bacteriology and Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew Bao Loc
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Departments of Bacteriology and Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.
authors.forename: Nak-Jung
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: Departments of Bacteriology and Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.
authors.forename: Mi-Kyung
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science & Center for Biotechnology Research in UBITA, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Im Soon
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Departments of Bacteriology and Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.
authors.forename: Jae-Hyuk
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center & Institute of Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications (CBRU), Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, South Korea. Electronic address: shjung@konkuk.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Seunho
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jung
mesh_terms: D019281:Dimerization; D004811:Epichlorohydrin / Q000737:chemistry*; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012995:Solubility; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins / Q000737:chemistry*; D047071:beta-Glucans / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins; D047071:beta-Glucans; D014867:Water; D004811:Epichlorohydrin; C031215:betadex
keywords: Complexation; Hydroxypropyl cyclic β-(1→2)-d-glucans; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; Rhizobiaceae; Solubilization; β-Cyclodextrin dimer