title: Whole-body cryostimulation increases parasympathetic outflow and decreases core body temperature.
abstract: The cardiovascular, autonomic and thermal response to whole-body cryostimulation exposure are not completely known. Thus the aim of this study was to evaluate objectively and noninvasively autonomic and thermal reactions observed after short exposure to very low temperatures. We examined 25 healthy men with mean age 30.1 ± 3.7 years and comparable anthropomorphical characteristic. Each subject was exposed to cryotherapeutic temperatures in a cryogenic chamber for 3 min (approx. -120 °C). The cardiovascular and autonomic parameters were measured noninvasively with Task Force Monitor. The changes in core body temperature were determined with the Vital Sense telemetric measurement system. Results show that 3 min to cryotherapeutic temperatures causes significant changes in autonomic balance which are induced by peripheral and central blood volume changes. Cryostimulation also induced changes in core body temperature, maximum drop of core temperature was observed 50-60 min after the stimulation. Autonomic and thermal reactions to cryostimulation were observed up to 6 h after the exposure and were not harmful for examined subjects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland. Electronic address: p.zalewski@cm.umk.pl.
authors.forename: Pawel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zalewski
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bitner
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Słomko
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: Justyna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Szrajda
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: Jacek J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Klawe
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Karlowicza 24, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: Malgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tafil-Klawe
authors.affiliation: Institute for Ageing and Health,The Medical School, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Julia L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Newton
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001775:Blood Circulation; D001810:Blood Volume; D001831:Body Temperature; D017679:Cryotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010275:Parasympathetic Nervous System / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Autonomic nervous system; Core body temperature; Whole-body cryostimulation; Whole-body cryotherapy