title: Organellar mechanosensitive channels involved in hypo-osmoregulation in fission yeast.
abstract: MscS and MscL, bacterial mechanosensitive channels, play crucial roles in the hypo-osmotic shock response. However, only MscS has homologs in eukaryotes. These homologs are called MscS-like proteins or MSL proteins. MSL proteins have changed both structurally and functionally during evolution and are now localized not only to the membrane of the chloroplast, which is thought to be a descendant of an ancient, free-living bacterium, but also the cell membrane and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, suggesting that the role of MSL proteins has diverged. In this brief review, we mainly focus on two MSL proteins in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe that are localized in the ER membrane and protect cells from hypo-osmotic shock-induced death by regulating intracellular Ca(2+) concentrations. We also discuss Arabidopsis thaliana MSL proteins and other yeast ion channels in terms of osmoregulation in eukaryotes.
authors.affiliation: Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia.
authors.forename: Yoshitaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Tokyo Gakugei University, 4-1-1 Nukui Kita-machi, Koganei-shi, Tokyo 184-8501, Japan. Electronic address: iida@u-gakugei.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Hidetoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iida
mesh_terms: D020418:Algal Proteins; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000502:physiology; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000502:physiology*; D040542:Mechanotransduction, Cellular / Q000502:physiology*; D064587:Osmoregulation / Q000502:physiology*; D009997:Osmotic Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D010940:Plant Proteins; D012568:Schizosaccharomyces / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D020418:Algal Proteins; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D007473:Ion Channels; D010940:Plant Proteins; D002118:Calcium
keywords: Ca(2+) signal; Endoplasmic reticulum; Fission yeast; Mechanosensitive channel; MscS-like protein; Osmotic response