title: NMR metabolomics of ripened and developing oilseed rape (Brassica napus) and turnip rape (Brassica rapa).
abstract: The oilseeds of the commercially important oilseed rape (Brassica napus) and turnip rape (Brassica rapa) were investigated with (1)H NMR metabolomics. The compositions of ripened (cultivated in field trials) and developing seeds (cultivated in controlled conditions) were compared in multivariate models using principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). Differences in the major lipids and the minor metabolites between the two species were found. A higher content of polyunsaturated fatty acids and sucrose were observed in turnip rape, while the overall oil content and sinapine levels were higher in oilseed rape. The genotype traits were negligible compared to the effect of the growing site and concomitant conditions on the oilseed metabolome. This study demonstrates the applicability of NMR-based analysis in determining the species, geographical origin, developmental stage, and quality of oilseed Brassicas.
authors.affiliation: Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland. Electronic address: mkkort@utu.fi.
authors.forename: Maaria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kortesniemi
authors.affiliation: Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Anssi L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Vuorinen
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Jari
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sinkkonen
authors.affiliation: Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Baoru
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: MTT Plant Production Research, FI-31600 Jokioinen, Finland.
authors.forename: Ari
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rajala
authors.affiliation: Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Heikki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kallio
mesh_terms: D001937:Brassica / Q000235:genetics; D029688:Brassica napus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D029741:Brassica rapa / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D005838:Genotype; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D055442:Metabolome; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods*; D010641:Phenotype
keywords: Brassica napus; Brassica rapa; Metabolomics; NMR; Oilseed rape; Turnip rape