title: The correlation of carotid artery calcification on panoramic radiographs and determination of carotid artery atherosclerosis with ultrasonography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the association of carotid artery calcification (CAC) on panoramic radiographs and determine carotid artery atherosclerosis with ultrasonography.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 4050 subjects aged 50 years and older. Panoramic radiographs for the presence of CAC were interpreted. Common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCA-IMT), carotid bulb IMT (CB-IMT), carotid plaques, and the diameter of the common carotid artery (CCA-diameter) were measured by using ultrasonography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CB-IMT was significantly greater in male subjects with CAC than in those without CAC. CCA-diameter was significantly greater in subjects with CAC than in those without CAC in both genders. However, there was no significant difference in CCA-IMT. CAC was associated with carotid plaque (for men, odds ratio [OR] 2.14; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-3.36; for women, OR 1.19; 95% CI 0.84-1.67).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CAC on panoramic radiographs was positively associated with IMT and plaque in men and positively associated with carotid diameter in both sexes. CAC on panoramic radiographs was positively associated with carotid atherosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Institute, Chonnam National University, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Seo
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Institute, Chonnam National University, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ok-Su
authors.initials: OS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Institute, Chonnam National University, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun-Ju
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Institute, Chonnam National University, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Joon
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Jeonnam Regional Cancer Center, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sun-Seog
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Kweon
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Hoon
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: mhshinx@paran.com.
authors.forename: Min-Ho
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Institute, Chonnam National University, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: yoonfr@chonnam.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Suk-Ja
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Yoon
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic; D012737:Sex Factors; D061205:Vascular Calcification / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*