title: Accumulation and toxic effects of microcystin in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) from an eutrophic Brazilian lagoon.
abstract: Microcystin (MC) accumulation and depuration in environmentally exposed tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) at a chronically contaminated eutrophic lagoon was studied. This is one of the scarce reports on microcystin accumulation in bile of environmentally exposed fish, and gonad MC accumulation in the field, in contrast to laboratory exposure experiments. Results show that preferential MC accumulation in the environment occurred in tilapia fish muscle, followed by gonads, liver and, finally, bile. Biliary MC excretion in in situ conditions indicates elimination from the body to a certain degree. High gonad MC bioaccumulation is of concern, since this could indicate potential reproductive problems in this species. This study also demonstrated that tilapia shows similar oxidative stress responses (in the form of reduced glutathione, GSH) in the environment as those observed in laboratory exposed fish. MC dietary intake values for tilapia muscle and liver were above the limits imposed by international legislations, indicating that the local human population should exercise care when ingesting this species as a part of their diet and that human ingestion of MC-contaminated samples should be carefully monitored.
authors.affiliation: Pontifícia Universidade Católica - Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Chemistry Department, Rua Marquês de São Vicente, 225, Gávea, CEP 22453-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UNIRIO, Av. Pasteur, 458 - Urca, CEP 22290-240, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Electronic address: Rachel.hauser.davis@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Rachel Ann
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hauser-Davis
authors.affiliation: Pontifícia Universidade Católica - Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Chemistry Department, Rua Marquês de São Vicente, 225, Gávea, CEP 22453-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Raquel Teixeira
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Lavradas
authors.affiliation: Pontifícia Universidade Católica - Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Chemistry Department, Rua Marquês de São Vicente, 225, Gávea, CEP 22453-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ricardo Cavalcanti
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Lavandier
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UNIRIO, Av. Pasteur, 458 - Urca, CEP 22290-240, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Edwin Gonzalo Azero
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Rojas
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UNIRIO, Av. Pasteur, 458 - Urca, CEP 22290-240, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alcides Wagner Serpa
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Guarino
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UNIRIO, Av. Pasteur, 458 - Urca, CEP 22290-240, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Roberta Lourenço
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Ziolli
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil; D023681:Cichlids / Q000378:metabolism*; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D063366:Estuaries; D005068:Eutrophication; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism*; D052998:Microcystins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D052998:Microcystins; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C078588:microcystin; D005978:Glutathione
keywords: Bile; Bioaccumulation; Microcystin; Tilapia, Gonads