title: Modeling glands with PTEN deficient cells and microscopic methods for assessing PTEN loss: endometrial cancer as a model.
abstract: PTEN is an important tumor suppressor gene. Interpreting PTEN deficiency in the appropriate microscopic context of cancer may be important to understand its role in tumor development and progression. This may be particularly relevant in heterogeneous tumors. Here, we discuss the usefulness of 3D cultures in understanding the consequences of PTEN inactivation in tissue architecture. Afterwards, we discuss the role of immunohistochemistry and fluorescent in situ hybridization in assessing PTEN loss in tumors. In this review, endometrial carcinoma is used as a model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics/Oncologic Pathology Group, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain.
authors.forename: Núria
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Eritja
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics/Oncologic Pathology Group, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Santacana
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics/Oncologic Pathology Group, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain.
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Maiques
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics/Oncologic Pathology Group, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Tallada
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics/Oncologic Pathology Group, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Dolcet
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics/Oncologic Pathology Group, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain. Electronic address: fjmatiasguiu.lleida.ics@gencat.cat.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Matias-Guiu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; C494929:PTEN protein, human
keywords: Cancer; FISH; Immunohistochemistry; Modeling; PTEN