title: Tremor in a population-based cohort of children in New York City.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There have been virtually no surveys of the prevalence, clinical features, or correlates of tremor in children and none in the United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 317 children (age 11.0 ± 1.1 years; range, 9.0 to 14.7) underwent an evaluation at one time point. Each drew Archimedes spirals, which were rated by a senior neurologist specializing in movement disorders.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A spiral score of 1 (mild but consistent tremor) was present in either hand in 105 (33.1%) children; a higher score (1.5, mild-to-moderate tremor) was present in either hand in 7 (2.2%) children. Higher spiral scores were associated with poorer motor hand function as assessed using the Purdue Pegboard test. Spiral scores were higher in boys than girls, were inversely associated with age, and were higher in the nondominant than dominant hand. Spiral scores were highest in children who were taking psychiatric medications and in children with psychiatric or neurological disorders.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mild tremor is common in children and covaries significantly with several demographic and clinical factors as well as usage of certain medications. It also lessens with advancing age. Rather than an isolated finding, tremor was associated with other measures of poorer motor hand function.
authors.affiliation: GH Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York; Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York; Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York. Electronic address: EDL2@columbia.edu.
authors.forename: Elan D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Louis
authors.affiliation: Department of Population and Family Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York; Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Wanda E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.affiliation: Department of Population and Family Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York; Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Virginia A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Rauh
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018672:Community Health Planning; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009519:New York City / Q000453:epidemiology; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014202:Tremor / Q000453:epidemiology*
keywords: children; clinical; epidemiology; pediatric; tremor