title: Nanotech-derived topical microbicides for HIV prevention: the road to clinical development.
abstract: More than three decades since its discovery, HIV infection remains one of the most aggressive epidemics worldwide, with more than 35 million people infected. In sub-Saharan Africa, heterosexual transmissions represent nearly 80% of new infections, with 50% of these occurring in women. In an effort to stop the dramatic spread of the HIV epidemic, new preventive treatments, such as microbicides, have been developed. Nanotechnology has revolutionized this field by designing and engineering novel highly effective nano-sized materials as microbicide candidates. This review illustrates the most recent advances in nanotech-derived HIV prevention strategies, as well as the main steps required to translate promising in vitro results into clinical trials.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio InmunoBiología Molecular, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio InmunoBiología Molecular, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vacas-Córdoba
authors.affiliation: Dendrimers for Biomedical Applications Group (BioInDen), University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gómez
authors.affiliation: Dendrimers for Biomedical Applications Group (BioInDen), University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: F Javier
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: De La Mata
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio InmunoBiología Molecular, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: mmunoz.hgugm@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ma Ángeles
authors.initials: MÁ
authors.lastname: Muñoz-Fernández
mesh_terms: D000282:Administration, Intravaginal; D000818:Animals; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D050997:Nanomedicine / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local
keywords: HIV; Microbicides; Nanomedicine; Nanotechnology