title: Influence of physicochemical properties of silver nanoparticles on mast  cell activation and degranulation.
abstract: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are increasingly being incorporated into products for their antimicrobial properties. This has resulted in increased human exposures and the possibility of adverse health effects. Mast cells orchestrate allergic immune responses through degranulation and release of pre-formed mediators. Little data exists on understanding interactions of AgNPs with mast cells and the properties that influence activation and degranulation. Using bone marrow-derived mast cells and AgNPs of varying physicochemical properties we tested the hypothesis that AgNP physicochemical properties influence mast cell degranulation and osteopontin production. AgNPs evaluated included spherical 20 nm and 110 nm suspended in either polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or citrate, Ag plates suspended in PVP of diameters between 40–60 nm or 100–130 nm, and Ag nanowires suspended in PVP with thicknesses <100 nm and length up to 2 μm. Mast cell responses were found to be dependent on the physicochemical properties of the AgNP. Further, we determined a role for scavenger receptor B1 in AgNP-induced mast cell responses. Mast cell degranulation was not dependent on AgNP dissolution but was prevented by tyrosine kinase inhibitor pretreatment. This study suggests that exposure to AgNPs may elicit adverse mast cell responses that could contribute to the initiation or exacerbation of allergic disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
authors.forename: Abdullah A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Aldossari
authors.forename: Jonathan H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Shannahan
authors.forename: Ramakrishna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Podila
authors.forename: Jared M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015550:Cell Degranulation / Q000187:drug effects; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000187:drug effects; D052119:Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D053495:Osteopontin / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012834:Silver / Q000009:adverse effects; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic
chemical_list: D052119:Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 2; D053495:Osteopontin; D012834:Silver