title: Fundamental understanding of wave generation and reception using d(36) type piezoelectric transducers.
abstract: A new piezoelectric wafer made from a PMN-PT single crystal with dominant piezoelectric coefficient d36 is proposed to generate and detect guided waves on isotropic plates. The in-plane shear coupled with electric field arising from the piezoelectric coefficient is not usually present for conventional piezoelectric wafers, such as lead zirconate titanate (PZT). The direct piezoelectric effect of coefficient d36 indicates that under external in-plane shear stress the charge is induced on a face perpendicular to the poled z-direction. On thin plates, this type of piezoelectric wafer will generate shear horizontal (SH) waves in two orthogonal wave propagation directions as well as two Lamb wave modes in other wave propagation directions. Finite element analyses are employed to explore the wave disturbance in terms of time-varying displacements excited by the d36 wafer in different directions of wave propagation to understand all the guided wave modes accurately. Experiments are conducted to examine the voltage responses received by this type of wafer, and also investigate results of tuning frequency and effects of d31 piezoelectric coefficient, which is intentionally ignored in the finite element analysis. All results demonstrate the main features and utility of proposed d36 piezoelectric wafer for guided wave generation and detection in structural health monitoring.
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Structures Dynamic Behavior and Control of the Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; School of Civil Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China. Electronic address: zhouwensong@hit.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Wensong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Structures Dynamic Behavior and Control of the Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; School of Civil Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China. Electronic address: yuan@ncsu.edu.
authors.forename: Fuh-Gwo
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Yuan
keywords: Actuator and sensor; Frequency tuning; Piezoelectric wafer; Shear horizontal wave; d(36) type