title: Optimization of the operating conditions of solid sampling electrothermal vaporization coupled to inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry for the sensitive direct analysis of powdered rice.
abstract: Two different approaches were used to improve the capabilities of solid sampling (SS) electrothermal vaporization (ETV) coupled to inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) for the direct analysis of powdered rice. Firstly, a cooling step immediately before and after the vaporization step in the ETV temperature program resulted in a much sharper analyte signal peak. Secondly, point-by-point internal standardization with an Ar emission line significantly improved the linearity of calibration curves obtained with an increasing amount of rice flour certified reference material (CRM). Under the optimized conditions, detection limits ranged from 0.01 to 6ngg(-1) in the solid, depending on the element and wavelength selected. The method was validated through the quantitative analysis of corn bran and wheat flour CRMs. Application of the method to the multi-elemental analysis of 4-mg aliquots of real organic long grain rice (white and brown) also gave results for Al, As, Co, Cu, Fe, Mg, Se, Pb and Zn in agreement with those obtained by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry following acid digestion of 0.2-g aliquots. As the analysis takes roughly 5min per sample (2.5min for grinding, 0.5-1min for weighing a 4-mg aliquot and 87s for the ETV program), this approach shows great promise for fast screening of food samples.
authors.affiliation: Queen's University, Department of Chemistry, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
authors.forename: Nausheen
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sadiq
authors.affiliation: Queen's University, Department of Chemistry, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. Electronic address: diane.beauchemin@chem.queensu.ca.
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Beauchemin
mesh_terms: D001128:Argon / Q000737:chemistry; D055620:Optical Phenomena; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry*; D058626:Plasma Gases / Q000737:chemistry*; D011208:Powders; D012015:Reference Standards; D013057:Spectrum Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D013696:Temperature; D014835:Volatilization
chemical_list: D058626:Plasma Gases; D011208:Powders; D001128:Argon
keywords: Direct solid analysis; Electrothermal vaporization; Food analysis; Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry; Rice