title: Effects of cyclotides against cutaneous infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus.
abstract: The main bacterium associated with skin infection is Staphylococcus aureus, occurring especially in infections acquired via surgical wounds, commonly leading to lethal hospital-acquired infections, emphasizing the importance of identifying new antimicrobial compounds. Among them, cyclotides have gained interest due to their high stability and multifunctional properties. Here, cycloviolacin 2 (CyO2) and kalata B2 (KB2) were evaluated to determinate their anti-staphylococcal activities using a subcutaneous infection model. Anti-staphylococcal activities of 50mM for KB2 and 25mM for CyO2 were detected with no cytotoxic activities against RAW 264.7 monocytes. In the in vivo assays, both cyclotides reduced bacterial load and CyO2 demonstrated an increase in the phagocytosis index, suggesting that the CyO2 in vivo anti-staphylococcal activity may be associated with phagocytic activity, additionally to direct anti-pathogenic activity.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Análises, Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, 70790-160 Brazil; Molecular Pathology Post-graduate Program, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Isabel C M
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Fensterseifer
authors.affiliation: Centro de Análises, Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, 70790-160 Brazil; Department of Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Osmar N
authors.initials: ON
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Institute for Molecular Bioscience, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Uru
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Malik
authors.affiliation: Institute for Molecular Bioscience, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Anjaneya S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Ravipati
authors.affiliation: Centro de Análises, Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, 70790-160 Brazil.
authors.forename: Natasha R F
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Novaes
authors.affiliation: Centro de Análises, Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, 70790-160 Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo R R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Miranda
authors.affiliation: Centro de Análises, Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, 70790-160 Brazil.
authors.forename: Elaine A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.affiliation: Centro de Análises, Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, 70790-160 Brazil.
authors.forename: Susana E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.affiliation: Institute for Molecular Bioscience, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Craik
authors.affiliation: Centro de Análises, Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, 70790-160 Brazil; Molecular Pathology Post-graduate Program, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil; Department of Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, MG, Brazil; S-Inova, Pos-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Caampo Grande, MS, Brazil. Electronic address: ocfranco@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Octavio L
authors.initials: OL
authors.lastname: Franco
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D050296:Microbial Viability; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D000067996:RAW 264.7 Cells; D013207:Staphylococcal Skin Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects*; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic
keywords: Cyclotides; Kalata; Phagocytosis; S. aureus; Wound infections