title: A dietary phytochemical blend prevents liver damage associated with adipose tissue mobilization in ovariectomized rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Menopausal reduction in estrogen causes increased adipose accumulation, leading many to turn to dietary supplements to prevent and treat such changes. Enhanced adipose mobilization stimulated by some supplements can increase the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Cytoprotective and anti-obesity compounds may prevent the lipotoxicity associated with mobilization.
  
  
  METHODS
  A phytochemical blend was tested in aged, ovariectomized rats. Rats were given the AIN-93M basal diet or a diet containing varying doses of phytochemicals with 2.4 IU/g vitamin D [diet 1: 1000 mg/kg genistein (G); diet 2: 500 mg/kg (G), 200 mg/kg resveratrol (R), and 1000 mg/kg quercetin (Q); diet 3: 1000 mg/kg (G), 400 mg/kg (R), and 2000 mg/kg (Q)].
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum free fatty acids and hepatic triglycerides were elevated with diets 2 and 3. Despite this increase, the phytochemical blends did not increase apoptotic, cell repair, or remodeling gene expression. The highest phytochemical dose prevented increases in serum alanine aminotransferase.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adverse hepatic effects secondary to ovariectomy were mitigated through the inclusion of a dietary phytochemical blend in aged ovariectomized rats. The use of such compounds may not only help with weight management and disease risk in menopausal women, but may also prevent the lipotoxicity in NAFLD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Foods and Nutrition, Edgar L. Rhodes Center for Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.
authors.forename: Colette N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Jeong-Yeh
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Tucker
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Avra
authors.forename: Suresh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ambati
authors.forename: Mary Anne
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Della-Fera
authors.forename: Srujana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rayalam
authors.forename: Clifton A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Baile
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D050154:Adiposity / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D019833:Genistein / Q000494:pharmacology; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D010052:Ovariectomy; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D064209:Phytochemicals; D014280:Triglycerides; D019833:Genistein