title: AIDS-related Pneumocystis jirovecii genotypes in French Guiana.
abstract: The study described Pneumocystis jirovecii (P. jirovecii) multilocus typing in seven AIDS patients living in French Guiana (Cayenne Hospital) and seven immunosuppressed patients living in Brest, metropolitan France (Brest Hospital). Archival P. jirovecii specimens were examined at the dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) locus using a PCR-RFLP technique, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 1 and ITS 2 and the mitochondrial large subunit rRNA (mtLSUrRNA) gene using PCR and sequencing. Analysis of typing results were combined with an analysis of the literature on P. jirovecii mtLSUrRNA types and ITS haplotypes. A wild DHPS type was identified in six Guianese patients and in seven patients from metropolitan France whereas a DHPS mutant was infected in the remaining Guianese patient. Typing of the two other loci pointed out a high diversity of ITS haplotypes and an average diversity of mtLSUrRNA types in French Guiana with a partial commonality of these haplotypes and types described in metropolitan France and around the world. Combining DHPS, ITS and mtLSU types, 12 different multilocus genotypes (MLGs) were identified, 4 MLGs in Guianese patients and 8 MLGs in Brest patients. MLG analysis allows to discriminate patients in 2 groups according to their geographical origin. Indeed, none of the MLGs identified in the Guianese patients were found in the Brest patients and none of the MLGs identified in the Brest patients were found in the Guianese patients. These results show that in French Guiana (i) PCP involving DHPS mutants occur, (ii) there is a diversity of ITS and mtLSUrRNA types and (iii) although partial type commonality in this territory and metropolitan France can be observed, MLG analysis suggests that P. jirovecii organisms from French Guiana may present specific characteristics.
authors.affiliation: University of Brest, LUBEM EA 3882, SFR 148, Brest, France; Laboratory of Parasitology and Mycology, Brest University Hospital, Brest, France. Electronic address: legalsolene@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Solène
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Le Gal
authors.affiliation: Andrée Rosemon Hospital, Cayenne, French Guiana.
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Blanchet
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Parasitology and Mycology, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France; University of Picardy-Jules Verne, UMR-I 01, Amiens, France.
authors.forename: Céline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Damiani
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Histocompatibility, Brest University Hospital, Brest, France; University of Brest, INSERM U1078, Molecular Genetics and Epidemiological Genetics, SFR 148, Brest, France.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Guéguen
authors.affiliation: University of Brest, LUBEM EA 3882, SFR 148, Brest, France.
authors.forename: Michèle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Virmaux
authors.affiliation: Andrée Rosemon Hospital, Cayenne, French Guiana.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Abboud
authors.affiliation: Andrée Rosemon Hospital, Cayenne, French Guiana.
authors.forename: Geneviève
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Guillot
authors.affiliation: University of Brest, LUBEM EA 3882, SFR 148, Brest, France.
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kérangart
authors.affiliation: University of Brest, LUBEM EA 3882, SFR 148, Brest, France.
authors.forename: Cédric
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Merle
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biomedecina de Sevilla and CIBER de Epidemiologia y Salud Publica, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Calderon
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Parasitology and Mycology, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France; University of Picardy-Jules Verne, UMR-I 01, Amiens, France.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Totet
authors.affiliation: Andrée Rosemon Hospital, Cayenne, French Guiana; University of Antilles-Guyane, EA 3593 EPaT, Cayenne, French Guiana.
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Carme
authors.affiliation: University of Brest, LUBEM EA 3882, SFR 148, Brest, France; Laboratory of Parasitology and Mycology, Brest University Hospital, Brest, France. Electronic address: gilles.nevez@chu-brest.fr.
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nevez
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000821:virology*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D005616:French Guiana; D014644:Genetic Variation; D016679:Genome, Viral; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058885:Multilocus Sequence Typing / Q000379:methods*; D009154:Mutation; D045363:Pneumocystis carinii / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011020:Pneumonia, Pneumocystis / Q000821:virology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
keywords: AIDS; French Guiana; Genotypes; Pneumocystis jirovecii; Pneumocystis pneumonia