title: Recent advances in micro/nanotechnologies for global control of hepatitis B infection.
abstract: The control of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a challenging task, specifically in developing countries there is limited access to diagnostics and antiviral treatment mainly due to high costs and insufficient healthcare infrastructure. Although the current diagnostic technologies can reliably detect HBV, they are relatively laborious, impractical and require expensive resources that are not suitable for resource-limited settings. Advances in micro/nanotechnology are pioneering the development of new generation methodologies in diagnosis and screening of HBV. Owing to combination of nanomaterials (metal/inorganic nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, etc.) with microfabrication technologies, utilization of miniaturized sensors detecting HBV and other viruses from ultra-low volume of blood, serum and plasma is realized. The state-of-the-art microfluidic devices with integrated nanotechnologies potentially allow for inexpensive HBV screening at low cost. This review aims to highlight recent advances in nanotechnology and microfabrication processes that are employed for developing point-of-care (POC) HBV assays.
authors.affiliation: Demirci Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Stanford University School of Medicine, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States.
authors.forename: U Hakan
authors.initials: UH
authors.lastname: Yildiz
authors.affiliation: Demirci Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Stanford University School of Medicine, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States.
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Inci
authors.affiliation: Demirci Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Stanford University School of Medicine, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States.
authors.forename: ShuQi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States.
authors.forename: Mehlika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toy
authors.affiliation: Demirci Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Stanford University School of Medicine, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States.
authors.forename: H Cumhur
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Tekin
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconnes Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
authors.forename: Asad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Javaid
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconnes Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
authors.forename: Daryl T-Y
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.affiliation: Demirci Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Stanford University School of Medicine, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States. Electronic address: utkan@stanford.edu.
authors.forename: Utkan
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Demirci
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D003906:Developing Countries / Q000191:economics; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000191:economics / Q000628:therapy*; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D056656:Lab-On-A-Chip Devices; D055616:Microtechnology / Q000379:methods*; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D015995:Prevalence; D011634:Public Health / Q000191:economics
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials
keywords: Diagnosis; Graphene; Hepatitis B; Microfluidic; Nanobiotechnology; Nanotechnology; Plasmonics; Point-of-care; Screening