title: Effect of temperature on the effectiveness of artificial reproduction of dace [Cyprinidae (Leuciscus leuciscus (L.))] under laboratory and field conditions.
abstract: This study sought to determine the effect of water temperature on the effectiveness of artificial reproduction of dace brooders under laboratory and field conditions. Three temperatures were tested in the laboratory: 9.5, 12 and 14.5 °C (± 0.1 °C). The water temperature under field conditions was 11.0 ± 0.3 °C (Czarci Jar Fish Farm) and 13.2 ± 1.4 °C (Janowo Fish Farm). The study showed that artificial reproduction of dace is possible in all the temperature ranges under study and an embryo survival rate of over 87% can be achieved. Dace has also been found to be very sensitive to rapid temperature changes, even within the temperature ranges optimal for the species. Such changes have an adverse effect on the outcome of the reproduction process, such as a decrease in the percentage of reproducing females, a decrease in the pseudo-gonado-somatic index (PGSI) and a decrease in the embryo survival rate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Lake and River Fisheries, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nowosad
authors.affiliation: Department of Lake and River Fisheries, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Targońska
authors.affiliation: Czarci Jar Fish Farm, Poland.
authors.forename: Rafał
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chwaluczyk
authors.affiliation: Janowo Fish Farm, Poland.
authors.forename: Rafał
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kaszubowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Lake and River Fisheries, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland. Electronic address: dariusz.kucharczyk@uwm.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Dariusz
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kucharczyk
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D058639:Cold-Shock Response; D003530:Cyprinidae / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005398:Fisheries / Q000379:methods; D018869:Heat-Shock Response; D008297:Male; D012098:Reproduction; D012099:Reproductive Techniques; D013696:Temperature
keywords: Dace; Reproduction; Spawning effectiveness; Temperature fluctuations