title: The Children's Report of Sleep Patterns: validity and reliability of the Sleep Hygiene Index and Sleep Disturbance Scale in adolescents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Sleep is critical for adolescent health and well-being. However, there are a limited number of validated self-report measures of sleep for adolescents and no well-validated measures of sleep that can be used across middle childhood and adolescence. The Children's Report of Sleep Patterns (CRSP) has been validated in children aged 8-12 years. The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the CRSP, a multidimensional, self-report sleep measure for adolescents.
  
  
  METHODS
  The participants included 570 adolescents 13-18 years, 60% female, recruited from pediatricians' offices, sleep clinics, children's hospitals, schools, and the general population. A multi-method, multi-reporter approach was used to validate the CRSP. Along with the CRSP, a subset of the sample completed the Adolescent Sleep Hygiene Scale (ASHS), with a different subset of adolescents undergoing polysomnography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The CRSP demonstrated good reliability and validity. Group differences on the CRSP were found for adolescents presenting to a sleep or medical clinic (vs. a community sample), for older adolescents (vs. younger adolescents), for those who regularly napped (vs. infrequently napped), and for those with poor sleep quality (vs. good sleep quality). Self-reported sleep quality in adolescents was also associated with higher apnea-hypopnea index scores from polysomnography. Finally, the CRSP Sleep Hygiene Indices were significantly correlated with indices of the ASHS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The CRSP is a valid and reliable measure of adolescent sleep hygiene and sleep disturbances. With a parallel version for middle childhood, the CRSP likely provides clinicians and researchers the ability to measure self-reported sleep across development.
authors.affiliation: National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, G311, Denver, CO 80206, USA. Electronic address: meltzerL@njhealth.org.
authors.forename: Lisa J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Meltzer
authors.affiliation: St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, MS 101, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
authors.forename: Chasity
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brimeyer
authors.affiliation: St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, MS 101, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
authors.forename: Kathryn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.affiliation: University of Alabama, 1600 7th Avenue South, ACC 620, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
authors.forename: Kristin T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Avis
authors.affiliation: Monash Institute of Medical Research-Prince Henry's Institute, 27-31 Wright St, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, Monash University,Wellington Rd, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Biggs
authors.affiliation: University of South Australia, City East Campus, Frome Road, Adelaide, SA 5000, USA.
authors.forename: Amy C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.affiliation: St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, MS 101, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
authors.forename: Valerie McLaughlin
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Crabtree
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D057566:Self Report; D012890:Sleep; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Adolescents; Self-report; Sleep disturbances; Sleep hygiene; Sleep patterns; Validation