title: Effect of air classification and fermentation by Lactobacillus plantarum VTT E-133328 on faba bean (Vicia faba L.) flour nutritional properties.
abstract: The effects of air classification and lactic acid bacteria fermentation on the reduction of anti-nutritional factors (vicine and convicine, trypsin inhibitor activity, condensed tannins and phytic acid) and in vitro protein and starch digestibility of faba bean flour were studied. Free amino acid (FAA) profile analysis was also carried out. Air classification allowed the separation of the flour into protein and starch rich fractions, showing different chemical compositions and microstructures. Lactobacillus plantarum growth and acidification in faba bean flour and its fractions were assessed. The anti-nutritional compounds were separated mostly to the fine protein-rich fraction. Fermentation caused the decrease of vicine and convicine contents by more than 91% and significantly reduced trypsin inhibitor activity and condensed tannins (by more than 40% in the protein-rich fraction). No significant (P>0.05) variation was observed for total phenols and phytic acid content. Fermentation increased the amount of FAA, especially of the essential amino acids and γ-aminobutyric acid, enhanced the in vitro protein digestibility and significantly lowered the hydrolysis index. This work showed that the combination of air classification and fermentation improved nutritional functionality of faba bean flour which could be utilized in various food applications.
authors.affiliation: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Tietotie 2, 02044 VTT, Finland. Electronic address: rossana.coda@helsinki.fi.
authors.forename: Rossana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Coda
authors.affiliation: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Tietotie 2, 02044 VTT, Finland.
authors.forename: Leena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Melama
authors.affiliation: Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Carlo Giuseppe
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Rizzello
authors.affiliation: Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: José Antonio
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Curiel
authors.affiliation: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Tietotie 2, 02044 VTT, Finland.
authors.forename: Juhani
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sibakov
authors.affiliation: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Tietotie 2, 02044 VTT, Finland.
authors.forename: Ulla
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Holopainen
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Environmental Science, 00014, University of Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Marjo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pulkkinen
authors.affiliation: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Tietotie 2, 02044 VTT, Finland.
authors.forename: Nesli
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sozer
mesh_terms: D000388:Air / Q000032:analysis; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005285:Fermentation; D005433:Flour / Q000032:analysis*; D005516:Food Microbiology; D005960:Glucosides / Q000032:analysis; D007777:Lactobacillaceae / Q000378:metabolism; D048191:Lactiplantibacillus plantarum / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D010833:Phytic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D011744:Pyrimidinones / Q000032:analysis; D013213:Starch / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D031307:Vicia faba / Q000382:microbiology*; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D005960:Glucosides; D011744:Pyrimidinones; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D010833:Phytic Acid; D013213:Starch; C009661:vicine
keywords: Air classification; Antinutritional factors; Faba bean; Lactic acid bacteria