title: Factors affecting therapeutic decisions in intermediate and posterior uveitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate whether cost, insurance prior authorization, pregnancy considerations, and subspecialty practice lead to changes in therapeutic decisions among uveitis and retina specialists in the treatment of intermediate and posterior uveitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 934 uveitis and retina specialists across the United States were surveyed via e-mail regarding their choice in long-term therapy for 3 hypothetical patients with uveitic conditions (Behçet disease, birdshot retinochoroiditis, and intermediate uveitis). Respondents were asked to select first- and second-choice therapies and then reselect first and second choices assuming cost of all options was equal to the patient and there would be no issues with insurance prior authorization. In 1 case, they were additionally asked for their treatment preferences if the patient desired a pregnancy. Outcomes of interest were differences in therapy choice based on cost/prior authorization, pregnancy, and subspecialty practice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred and six respondents (11.3%) completed the survey; 44 were uveitis specialists and 62 retina specialists. Cost and prior authorization affected the therapy choices of uveitis specialists treating ocular Behçet disease (P = .008). Uveitis specialists and retina specialists differed in their first choice in therapy for each vignette when cost and prior authorization were equalized (P = .0018, P = .0049, and P = .0156). Both uveitis specialists and retina specialists changed their therapeutic choices for intermediate uveitis when pregnancy was a consideration (P = .00001 for uveitis specialists, P = .0044 for retina specialists).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Physician decision making in intermediate and posterior uveitis is affected by cost and prior authorization concerns, pregnancy considerations, and subspecialty practice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado.
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Ozzello
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado. Electronic address: Alan.Palestine@UCDenver.edu.
authors.forename: Alan G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Palestine
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003657:Decision Making; D016527:Drug Costs; D005260:Female; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007348:Insurance, Health; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009885:Ophthalmology; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013038:Specialization; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States; D015867:Uveitis, Intermediate / Q000628:therapy*; D015866:Uveitis, Posterior / Q000628:therapy*