title: Cerium chloride heptahydrate (CeCl3 · 7H2O) induces muscle paralysis in the generalist herbivore, Melanoplus sanguinipes (Fabricius) (Orthoptera: Acrididae), fed contaminated plant tissues.
abstract: Of increasing economic importance are the rare earth elements (REEs). Pollution from mining and processing activity is expected to rise with industrial demand. Plants are known to accumulate REEs, although levels vary with species and soil content. However, the effect on wildlife of ingesting REE contaminated vegetation is not well understood. Here we examined the effect of consuming vegetation with elevated levels of cerium on the generalist grasshopper, Melanoplus sanguinipes (Fabricius). Adults excreted a substantial portion of ingested contamination. However, after only four-days of feeding, accumulation in the body occurred at all doses and paralysis of appendages resulted at the highest doses. Short-term toxicity studies may underestimate the impact of ingesting REE contamination. Metals tend to be low in toxicity; however, their persistence in the environment may be better represented by exposure over longer portions of the life cycle.
authors.affiliation: National Wildlife Research Centre, Environment Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0H3, Canada; University of Ottawa, Department of Biology, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada. Electronic address: Jane.Allison@ec.gc.ca.
authors.forename: Jane E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Allison
authors.affiliation: National Wildlife Research Centre, Environment Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0H3, Canada. Electronic address: Celine.Boutin@ec.gc.ca.
authors.forename: Céline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Boutin
authors.affiliation: National Wildlife Research Centre, Environment Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0H3, Canada.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Carpenter
authors.affiliation: National Wildlife Research Centre, Environment Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0H3, Canada.
authors.forename: Deanna M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Ellis
authors.affiliation: National Wildlife Research Centre, Environment Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0H3, Canada.
authors.forename: Jessica L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Parsons
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002563:Cerium / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology; D006110:Grasshoppers / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D008906:Mining; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects*; D010243:Paralysis / Q000139:chemically induced*; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D032322:Solanum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D012989:Soil Pollutants; D002563:Cerium; C026690:cerous chloride
keywords: Dose response; Herbivores; Invertebrate; Metals; Rare earth elements