title: Phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties of breeding lines between the white and black rice.
abstract: Advanced breeding lines made from the cross between the black and white rice as parents were collected to evaluate phenolic levels and antioxidant properties. No free phenolic acid was found in the soluble fraction, while p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, isoferulic acid and vanillic acid were identified in insoluble bound fractions. Of noteworthy, is isoferulic acid which has rarely been reported to occur in cereal grains. Phenolic dehydrodimers were only observed in the insoluble bound fractions, which mainly consisted of 8-5'-coupled diferulic acids and 5-5'-coupled diferulic acids. Cyanidin 3-glucoside, peonidin 3-glucoside and cyanidin occurred in black and some light-purple rice samples. The breeding line YF53 has the highest total phenolic content (23.3mg ferulic acid equiv./g), total anthocyanin content (2.07 mg cyanidin-3-glu equiv./g), and antioxidant activities. The results indicate that it is possible to develop advanced breeding lines for improvement of the phenolic profiles and antioxidant capacity with high yield.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3T 2N2, Canada; Bee Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
authors.forename: Hongcheng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Huajiachi Campus, Hangzhou 310029, China.
authors.forename: Yafang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Huajiachi Campus, Hangzhou 310029, China. Electronic address: jsbao@zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jinsong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3T 2N2, Canada; Richardson Centre for Functional Foods & Nutraceuticals, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3T 2N2, Canada. Electronic address: Trust_Beta@umanitoba.ca.
authors.forename: Trust
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Beta
mesh_terms: D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000032:analysis; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis*; D003373:Coumaric Acids / Q000032:analysis; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000737:chemistry; D005960:Glucosides / Q000032:analysis; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates / Q000032:analysis*; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis; D011422:Propionates; D014641:Vanillic Acid / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D000975:Antioxidants; D003373:Coumaric Acids; D005960:Glucosides; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011422:Propionates; C462279:cyanidin-3-O-beta-glucopyranoside; C516502:diferulic acid; C480521:peonidin 3-glucoside; C017154:cyanidin; C004999:ferulic acid; D014641:Vanillic Acid; C017616:phenolic acid; C495469:p-coumaric acid
keywords: Anthocyanin; Antioxidant activity; Black rice; Phenolic acid; Phenolic dehydrodimers