title: Identification of the distribution of adenosine phosphates, nucleosides and nucleobases in royal jelly.
abstract: Nucleotides, nucleosides and nucleobases play a greater role in the physiological activity of organisms which are highly present in royal jelly (RJ). The objective of the present study is to develop a HPLC method to simultaneous determine nucleotides, nucleosides and nucleobases in RJ and access them in fresh and commercial RJ samples. The LOD and LOQ were 12.2-99.6 μg/L and 40.8-289.4 μg/L, respectively with nearly 100.9% recoveries. Except uric acid, all other compounds were found in RJ samples. Significant difference in the average content of compounds in fresh (2682.93 mg/kg) and commercial samples (3152.78 mg/kg) were observed. AMP, adenosine and adenine were found predominant in all the samples. Significant higher levels of ATP, ADP and AMP was seen in fresh RJ samples, and IMP, uridine, guanosine, and thymidine was seen in commercial RJ samples. The investigated compounds can be used as indexes for assessment RJ freshness and quality.
authors.affiliation: Apicultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
authors.forename: Liming
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Apicultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
authors.forename: Lanzhen
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
authors.forename: Jonathan Nimal
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Selvaraj
authors.affiliation: Apicultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Apicultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Apicultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Apicultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Apicultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China. Electronic address: xue_xiaofeng@126.com.
authors.forename: Xiaofeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xue
mesh_terms: D000227:Adenine Nucleotides / Q000032:analysis*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D009705:Nucleosides / Q000032:analysis*; D011687:Purines / Q000032:analysis; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000032:analysis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D000099219:Royal Jelly
chemical_list: D000227:Adenine Nucleotides; D005227:Fatty Acids; D009705:Nucleosides; D011687:Purines; D011743:Pyrimidines; D000099219:Royal Jelly
keywords: Adenosine phosphates; Distribution; HPLC; Nucleobases; Nucleosides; Royal jelly