title: Effect of protoconized therapy for renal anemia on adverse events of patients with maintenance hemodialysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluate the effect of the protoconized anemia therapy on adverse events using the Hb and ferritin levels of individual patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Design: A randomized, parallel group, multi-center study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred sixty-six MHD patients. Intervention group: The doses of erythropoietin, iron, and vitamin C were adjusted every month based on the ferritin and hemoglobin (Hb) levels according to the protocol. Non-intervention group: The attending physician determined the doses of erythropoietin and iron.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The maintenance rate of target Hb and ferritin levels were significantly higher in the Intervention group than in the Non-intervention group. The frequency of hospitalization was significantly lower for patients with a higher maintenance rate of target Hb levels than for those with a lower maintenance rate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using an anemia treatment protocol according to the individual Hb and ferritin levels of hemodialysis patients might stabilize the Hb and ferritin levels, which in turn could contribute to the lower frequency of adverse events in MHD patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Kidney and Dialysis, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo - Japan.
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuragano
authors.forename: Mana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yahiro
authors.forename: Aritoshi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kida
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Furuta
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nagasawa
authors.forename: Yukiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hasuike
authors.forename: Masayoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nanami
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakanishi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000740:Anemia / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D054796:Drug Dosage Calculations; D016903:Drug Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D005293:Ferritins / Q000097:blood; D006397:Hematinics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007564:Japan; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D006397:Hematinics; D006454:Hemoglobins; D004921:Erythropoietin; D005293:Ferritins; D007501:Iron; D001205:Ascorbic Acid