title: Effect of functionalized and non-functionalized nanodiamond on the morphology and activities of antioxidant enzymes of lung epithelial cells (A549).
abstract: The development of nanotechnology opens up new ways for biomedical applications of unmodified and modified diamond nanoparticles which are one of the most popular nanomaterials used in biology, biotechnology, medicine, cosmetics and engineering. They have been applied as diagnostic and therapeutic agents because they can be targeted to and localized in cells causing apoptosis and necrosis. The problem of biocompatibility of nanodiamonds at higher concentrations is thus of primary importance. The first step in the modification of DNPs is usually the introduction of hydrogen groups, which can bind other functional groups. The basic method to introduce -OH groups onto nanoparticles is the Fenton reaction. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of unmodified nanodiamond particles and nanoparticles modified by introduction of -OH groups and etoposide onto their surface reaction on human non-small lung cancer cells. A549 cells were incubated with 2-100μg/ml nanopowders and at 0.6-24μg/ml etoposide in the DMEM medium. We observed a decrease of cells viability and generation of reactive oxygen/ nitrogen species in the cells after incubation, estimated by oxidation of H2DCF-DA and DAF-FM-DA. Modified detonation nanoparticles affected also the cellular content of glutathione and activities of main antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione S-transferase, superoxide dismutase and catalase). The results of TEM microscopy show changes in cell morphology. These data demonstrate that modified nanoparticles induce oxidative stress in the target cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biophysics, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland. Electronic address: solarskakatarzyna.biol@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Solarska-Ściuk
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biophysics, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gajewska
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Sława
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Glińska
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Sylwia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Michlewska
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Łucja
authors.initials: Ł
authors.lastname: Balcerzak
authors.affiliation: AGH-University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, al. Mickiewicza s, 30-059 Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jamrozik
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Lodz, Tamka 12, 91-403 Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Janusz
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Skolimowski
authors.affiliation: AGH-University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, al. Mickiewicza s, 30-059 Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Květoslava
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Burda
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biophysics, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Grzegorz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bartosz
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000009:adverse effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008422:Materials Testing; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D058612:Nanodiamonds / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D058612:Nanodiamonds
keywords: Apoptosis; Drug delivery; Nanodiamond particles; Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species; Redox balance