title: Immobilization of proteases on chitosan for the development of films with anti-biofilm properties.
abstract: Bacterial resistance due to biofilm formation-particularly Staphylococci biofilms-is associated with multiple problems in medical settings where biofilms can colonize medical indwelling devices and cause nosocomial infections. It was against this backdrop that we explored the anti-biofilm activities of a set of proteases against biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The selected screened enzymes were immobilized on chitosan to obtain films with anti-biofilm activities. Immobilization efficiency was about 94% for protease from Bacillus licheniformis and reached up to 96% for Neutrase. In vitro assays performed in brain heart infusion (BHI) broth using the Biofilm Ring Test highlighted that immobilized enzymes were efficient against biofilms of Staphylococci cultures, especially protease from B. licheniformis and Neutrase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.
authors.affiliation: Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; CNRS, UMR 6296, ICCF, BP 80026, F-63171 Aubière, France; Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, Institut Pascal UMR CNRS 6602, Polytech Clermont-Ferrand, 24 avenue des Landais, BP 206, F-63174 Aubière Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Pierre-Henri
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Elchinger
authors.affiliation: Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, Institut Pascal UMR CNRS 6602, Polytech Clermont-Ferrand, 24 avenue des Landais, BP 206, F-63174 Aubière Cedex, France. Electronic address: cedric.delattre@univ-bpclermont.fr.
authors.forename: Cédric
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Delattre
authors.affiliation: Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; CNRS, UMR 6296, ICCF, BP 80026, F-63171 Aubière, France.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Faure
authors.affiliation: Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; CNRS, UMR 6296, ICCF, BP 80026, F-63171 Aubière, France.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.affiliation: BioFilm Control, rue Emile Duclaux, Biopôle Clermont Limagne, 63360 Saint-Beauzire, France.
authors.forename: Stéphanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Badel
authors.affiliation: BioFilm Control, rue Emile Duclaux, Biopôle Clermont Limagne, 63360 Saint-Beauzire, France.
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bernardi
authors.affiliation: Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; CNRS, UMR 6296, ICCF, BP 80026, F-63171 Aubière, France.
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Taillefumier
authors.affiliation: Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, Institut Pascal UMR CNRS 6602, Polytech Clermont-Ferrand, 24 avenue des Landais, BP 206, F-63174 Aubière Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Michaud
mesh_terms: D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D048271:Chitosan / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000378:metabolism*; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D048271:Chitosan; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases
keywords: Bacterial adhesion; Biofilm; Chitosan; Fouling; Polysaccharides; Protease