title: Is preimplantation genetic diagnosis the ideal embryo selection method in aneuploidy screening?
abstract: To select cytogenetically normal embryos, preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) aneuploidy screening (AS) is used in numerous centers around the world. Chromosomal abnormalities lead to developmental problems, implantation failure, and early abortion of embryos. The usefulness of PGD in identifying single-gene diseases, human leukocyte antigen typing, X-linked diseases, and specific genetic diseases is well-known. In this review, preimplantation embryo genetics, PGD research studies, and the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology PGD Consortium studies and reports are examined. In addition, criteria for embryo selection, technical aspects of PGD-AS, and potential noninvasive embryo selection methods are described. Indications for PGD and possible causes of discordant PGD results between the centers are discussed. The limitations of fluorescence in situ hybridization, and the advantages of the array comparative genomic hybridization are included in this review. Although PGD-AS for patients of advanced maternal age has been shown to improve in vitro fertilization outcomes in some studies, to our knowledge, there is not sufficient evidence to use advanced maternal age as the sole indication for PGD-AS. PGD-AS might be harmful and may not increase the success rates of in vitro fertilization. At the same time PGD, is not recommended for recurrent implantation failure and unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss.
authors.affiliation: Department of IVF, Park Hospital, Malatya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Levent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sahin
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey. Electronic address: jindrmb@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bozkurt
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, İnönü Medical School, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hilal
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sahin
authors.affiliation: HRS IVF and Genetic Diagnosis Center, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Aykut
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gürel
authors.affiliation: Taksim Education and Research Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ayse Ender
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Yumru
mesh_terms: D000782:Aneuploidy; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D011247:Pregnancy; D019836:Preimplantation Diagnosis / Q000379:methods*; D012098:Reproduction
keywords: Aneuploidy; Chromosomal anomalies; In vitro fertilization; Preimplantation genetic diagnosis