title: Save-a-life at the ballpark: 10-min spectator training achieves proficiency in cardiac arrest response.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine immediate recall, feasibility, and efficiency of a brief out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) bystander response training session at a large sporting event. We introduce two new measures of efficiency for training: (i) cardiac arrest training yield (CATY), i.e., number trained/number of spectators, and (ii) the training efficiency index for cardiac arrest (TEICA), i.e., persons trained per volunteer hours.
  
  
  METHODS
  A convenience sample of baseball fans participated in a 10-min training on OHCA recognition, CPR and automatic external defibrillator (AED) use and completed post-training knowledge surveys.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of 20,000 spectators, 198 participated for a CATY of 1%. Seventy-five volunteers over 3h of training generated a TEICA of 0.88. 90% of respondents identified the proper rate of chest compressions. 90% of respondents recognized an AED's function; 98% recognized it was easy to use. 83% recognized chest compressions as the next step after calling 911 and 62% included AED as part of the OHCA response.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A 10-min training session is feasible and can achieve good recall in cardiac arrest response. However, participant recruitment dominated most of our volunteer effort. Our results can serve as a framework in the development of future health promotion campaigns.
authors.affiliation: University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Emergency Medicine, MC 724, 808 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612, United States. Electronic address: mdelrios@uic.edu.
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Del Rios
authors.affiliation: Presence Saint Joseph Medical Center-Joliet, Emergency Department, 333 North Madison, St. Joliet, IL 60435, United States. Electronic address: ameraldeen@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Amer
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aldeen
authors.affiliation: University of Chicago Aeromedical Network, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, United States. Electronic address: tlc.ilhr@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Teri
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.affiliation: University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Emergency Medicine, MC 724, 808 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612, United States.
authors.forename: Ellen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Demertsidis
authors.affiliation: University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Emergency Medicine, MC 724, 808 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612, United States.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Heinert
authors.affiliation: University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Emergency Medicine, MC 724, 808 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612, United States.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sinchi
authors.affiliation: University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Emergency Medicine, MC 724, 808 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612, United States.
authors.forename: Terry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vanden Hoek
mesh_terms: D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / Q000193:education* / Q000379:methods; D004493:Education; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods / Q000458:organization & administration; D006801:Humans; D058687:Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest / Q000628:therapy*; D000066908:Simulation Training / Q000379:methods*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Automatic external defibrillator; Bystander CPR; Compression-only CPR; Health promotion campaign