title: Phosphoinositides: Key modulators of energy metabolism.
abstract: Phosphoinositides are key players in many trafficking and signaling pathways. Recent advances regarding the synthesis, location and functions of these lipids have dramatically improved our understanding of how and when these lipids are generated and what their roles are in animal physiology. In particular, phosphoinositides play a central role in insulin signaling, and manipulation of PtdIns(3,4,5)P₃levels in particular, may be an important potential therapeutic target for the alleviation of insulin resistance associated with obesity and the metabolic syndrome. In this article we review the metabolism, regulation and functional roles of phosphoinositides in insulin signaling and the regulation of energy metabolism. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Phosphoinositides.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Physiology and Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA; Children's Foundation Research Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA. Electronic address: dbridge9@uthsc.edu.
authors.forename: Dave
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bridges
authors.affiliation: Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Alan R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Saltiel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000235:genetics*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D000076222:Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D018129:Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism*; D021381:Protein Transport; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4; D007328:Insulin; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D018129:Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates; C495692:SLC2A4 protein, human; C060974:phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate; C106336:phosphatidylinositol 3,5-diphosphate; D000076222:Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
keywords: Akt; GLUT4; Phosphatidylinositol; Phosphorylated phosphatidylinositides; PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3); mTORC1