title: Resistant pathogens, fungi, and viruses.
abstract: Although originally described in Staphylococcus aureus, resistance among bacteria has now become a race to determine which classes of bacteria will become more resistant. Availability of antibacterial agents has allowed the development of entirely new diseases caused by nonbacterial pathogens, related largely to fungi that are inherently resistant to antibacterials. This article presents the growing body of knowledge of the herpes family of viruses, and their occurrence and consequences in patients with concomitant surgical disease or critical illness. The focus is on previously immunocompetent patients, as the impact of herpes viruses in immunosuppressed patients has received thorough coverage elsewhere.
authors.affiliation: Division of Acute Care Surgery and Outcomes Research, Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Guidry
authors.affiliation: Division of Trauma, Critical Care, and Burn, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
authors.forename: Sara A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Mansfield
authors.affiliation: Division of Acute Care Surgery and Outcomes Research, Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
authors.forename: Robert G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Sawyer
authors.affiliation: Division of Acute Care Surgery, Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 110 Francis Street, Lowry 2G, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Electronic address: chcook@bidmc.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Charles H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Cook
mesh_terms: D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy / Q000821:virology; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; D012307:Risk Factors; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy / Q000821:virology; D065507:Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents
keywords: Bacteria; Fungi; Resistance; Surgery; Viruses