title: Evaluation of serum PIVKA-II and MIF as diagnostic markers for HCV/HBV induced hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: Viral hepatitis is the most significant predisposing factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Liver cancer grows silently with mild or no symptoms until the disease is advanced and with little hope of cure. Early recognition of the onset of HCC would help to select more effective therapies for patients leading to a better prognosis and life span. The current study aims to evaluate two diagnostic and prognostic markers - Prothrombin induced by vitamin K absence-II (PIVKA-II) and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in the serum of patients with HCC and those with a high risk of developing hepatic cancers. Serum samples from hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatitis C and normal subjects were subjected to quantitative determinations of different parameters including alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), PIVKA-II and MIF. Significant differences between the various groups were recorded. PIVKA-II and AFP showed a higher specificity and sensitivity compared to MIF, and there was considerable correlation between AFP and both PIVKA and MIF. It is concluded that analysis of PIVKA-II and AFP can serve as useful non-invasive markers for the early detection of HCC with good sensitivity and specificity.
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, Taif University, Al-Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; Department of Clinical Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mahmoud M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Kamel
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, Taif University, Al-Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mohamed F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Saad
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, Taif University, Al-Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Assuit University, Assuit, Egypt.
authors.forename: Amal A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Mahmoud
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, Taif University, Al-Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; Department of Tropical Medicine, College of Medicine Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
authors.forename: Awatief A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Edries
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, Taif University, Al-Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt. Electronic address: asa@bsu.edu.eg.
authors.forename: Ahmed S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Abdel-Moneim
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000150:complications; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases / Q000097:blood*; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors / Q000097:blood*; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000097:blood*; D011516:Prothrombin; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D044967:Serum / Q000737:chemistry*; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: C097353:AFP protein, human; D015415:Biomarkers; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors; D011498:Protein Precursors; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins; C008208:acarboxyprothrombin; D011516:Prothrombin; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases; C515598:MIF protein, human
keywords: AFP; HBV; HCC; HCV; MIF; PIVKA II