title: The impact of cognitive impairment on perceived workforce performance: results from the International Mood Disorders Collaborative Project.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cognitive dysfunction and depression severity are key mediators of workplace adjustment in adults with major depressive disorder (MDD). Herein, we sought to determine the extent to which measures of depression severity and cognitive dysfunction were associated with perceived global disability, workplace performance and quality of life.
  
  
  METHODS
  A post hoc analysis was conducted using data from 260 participants with a diagnosis of DSM-IV-TR-defined MDD who were enrolled in the International Mood Disorders Collaborative Project (IMDCP) between January 2008 and July 2013. Measures of workplace function, global disability, depression severity, cognitive function, and quality of life were employed. These data were analyzed using a multiple variable linear regression equations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Perceived global disability was significantly predicted by clinical ratings of depression severity (β=0.54), and perceived inattention (β=0.24), accounting for 37% of the variance. In addition, perceived inattention (β=0.58) and clinical ratings of depression severity (β=0.18), were also significant predictors of perceived workplace productivity/performance, accounting for 38% of the variance. Finally, both clinical ratings of depression severity (β=-0.54), and perceived inattention (β=-0.18) were significant inverse predictors of perceived quality of life, accounting for 34% of the variance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The overarching finding in the analysis herein is that workplace performance variability is explained by subjective measures of cognitive dysfunction to a greater extent than total depression symptom severity. Conversely, total depression symptom severity accounts for a greater degree of variability in global measures of disability relative to cognitive measures. Treatment strategies for adults with major depressive disorder should address issues of cognitive dysfunction to improve workforce participation and performance.
authors.affiliation: Psychiatry and Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada. Electronic address: roger.mcintyre@uhn.ca.
authors.forename: Roger S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: McIntyre
authors.affiliation: Psychiatry and Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Joanna Z
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Soczynska
authors.affiliation: Psychiatry and Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Hanna O
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: Woldeyohannes
authors.affiliation: Psychiatry and Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Mohammad T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Alsuwaidan
authors.affiliation: Psychiatry and Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Danielle S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Cha
authors.affiliation: Psychiatry and Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: André F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Psychiatry and Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Jeanette M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Jerrell
authors.affiliation: Psychiatry and Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Roman M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Dale
authors.affiliation: Psychiatry and Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Laura A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Gallaugher
authors.affiliation: Psychiatry and Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Muzina
authors.affiliation: Psychiatry and Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Sidney H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kennedy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009820:Ohio; D009864:Ontario; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis