title: Effect of CO, NOx and SO2 on ROS production, photosynthesis and ascorbate-glutathione pathway to induce Fragaria×annasa as a hyperaccumulator.
abstract: A study was conducted to determine the effect of carbon monoxide (CO), nitroxide (NOx) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) on ROS production, photosynthesis and ascorbate-glutathione pathway in strawberry plants. The results showed that both singlet oxygen (O2(-1)) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content increased in CO, NOx and SO2 treated strawberry leaves. A drastic reduction of primary metabolism of plants (photosynthesis), with the closure of stomata, resulted in a reduction of protein, carbohydrate and sucrose content due to production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under prolonged exposure of gas stress. The resulting antioxidant enzymes were increased under a low dose of gas stress, whereas they were decreased due to a high dose of gas stress. Our results indicate that increased ROS may act as a signal to induce defense responses to CO, NOx and SO2 gas stress. The increased level of antioxidant enzymes plays a significant role in plant protection due to which strawberry plants can be used as a hyperaccumulator to maintain environmental pollution, however, the defense capacity cannot sufficiently alleviate oxidative damage under prolonged exposure of CO, NOx and SO2 stress.
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture, College of Agricultural Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, 300 Young Bong-Dong Buk-Gu, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sowbiya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Muneer
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Chonnam National University, 300 YoungBong-Dong Buk-Gu, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Tae Hwan
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: School of Mechanical Systems Engineering, College of Engineering, Chonnam National, University, 300 Young Bong-Dong Buk-Gu, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Byung Chul
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Dayung GS Co., Ltd., Damyang, Jeonnam 517-922, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Beom Seon
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture, College of Agricultural Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, 300 Young Bong-Dong Buk-Gu, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: leetag@chonnam.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Jeong Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D031985:Fragaria / Q000378:metabolism*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism*; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010788:Photosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D009589:Nitrogen Oxides; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide; D002248:Carbon Monoxide; D005978:Glutathione; C039900:nitroxyl; D001205:Ascorbic Acid
keywords: Ascorbate–glutathione pathways; Fragaria×annasa; Hyperaccumulator; Photosynthesis; ROS production