title: Facile preparation of surface N-halamine chitin nanofiber to endow antibacterial and antifungal activities.
abstract: N-halamine chitin nanofiber (NF) film was prepared by the reaction of chitin NF film with sodium hypochlorite solution to endow the film with antibacterial and antifungal activities. The amount of active chlorine content loaded on the chitin NF film depended on the sodium hypochlorite concentration and reaction time. FT-IR, UV-vis, XRD, and TG analyses showed that the N-H bond was substituted to the N-Cl bond and that the reaction took place at the chitin NF surface. After chlorination, the characteristic nanochitin morphology was maintained. Although the active chlorine content of the film gradually decreased by disassociation of the N-Cl bond, chlorine was rechargeable into chitin NF by another sodium hypochlorite solution treatment. The chlorinated chitin NF film showed strong efficacies against Gram-negative and -positive bacteria of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. Moreover, the films showed 100% and 80% inhibition of spore germination when faced against Alternaria alternata and Penicillium digitatum fungi, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-cho Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan.
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Dutta
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-cho Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Egusa
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-cho Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kaminaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-cho Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Izawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-cho Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-cho Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-cho Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan. Electronic address: sifuku@chem.tottori-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ifuku
mesh_terms: D000528:Alternaria / Q000187:drug effects; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002686:Chitin / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D057139:Nanofibers / Q000737:chemistry*; D010407:Penicillium / Q000187:drug effects; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D002686:Chitin
keywords: Anti-bacterial; Anti-fungal; Chitin; N-halamine; Nanofibers