title: Prevalence and type distribution of human papillomavirus among women older than 18 years in Egypt: a multicenter, observational study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Persistent infection with high-risk (HR) human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with premalignant lesions and cervical cancer, the third most common cancer amongst women globally and the second most frequent in Egypt. We studied the prevalence and type distribution of HPV and documented HPV infection awareness and health-related behaviours for HPV infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a multicenter, hospital-based observational study of women ≥18 years of age who attended for a gynaecological examination during October 2010-August 2011. Cervical samples were tested using Linear Array HPV genotyping. Two questionnaires on awareness and health-related behaviour were completed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four hundred and forty-three women with a mean age of 39.3±14.0 years were included in the analysis. HPV DNA was detected in 10.4% of women; a single HPV-type infection was found in 6.5% and multiple infections in 3.8%. The most prevalent HR types among HPV-positive women were HPV-16 (19.6%) and HPV-31 and HPV-51 (15.2% each); low-risk types included HPV-62 (17.4%) and HPV-84 (10.9%). The prevalence of HPV-18 was low (6.5%). The prevalence of any HR HPV-type was highest in women aged 45-54 years (9.2%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The overall prevalence of HPV in Egypt was 10.4% and was highest (9.2%) amongst women aged 45-54 years. These data provide important reference information for public health authorities considering HPV prevention in Egypt.
authors.affiliation: University of Cairo, Al Kasr Al Aini St., 11553, Cairo, Egypt. Electronic address: dr.shaltout@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mohamed Fadel
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Shaltout
authors.affiliation: University of Alexandria, Smouha, Alexandria, Egypt.
authors.forename: Hassan N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Sallam
authors.affiliation: Ain-Shams University, Abbasia, Egypt.
authors.forename: Maged
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: AbouSeeda
authors.affiliation: University of Alexandria, Smouha, Alexandria, Egypt.
authors.forename: Fady
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Moiety
authors.affiliation: Ain-Shams University, Abbasia, Egypt.
authors.forename: Hossam
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hemeda
authors.affiliation: Ain-Shams University, Abbasia, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
authors.affiliation: University of Cairo, Al Kasr Al Aini St., 11553, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Moutaz E L
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Sherbini
authors.affiliation: University of Alexandria, Smouha, Alexandria, Egypt.
authors.forename: Helmy
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rady
authors.affiliation: GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Bangalore, India.
authors.forename: Kusuma
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gopala
authors.affiliation: GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines, Wavre, Belgium.
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: DeAntonio
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001294:Attitude to Health; D004534:Egypt / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D015438:Health Behavior; D052162:Human papillomavirus 16 / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Egypt; Epidemiology; Human papillomavirus