title: Enzyme-assisted calcium phosphate biomineralization on an inert alumina surface.
abstract: In this study a bioinspired approach to induce self-mineralization of bone-like material on alumina surfaces is presented. The mineralizing enzyme alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is covalently immobilized by a carbodiimide-mediated chemoligation method. The enzymatic activity of immobilized ALP and its mineralization capability are investigated under acellular conditions as well as in the presence of human bone cells. Analytical, biochemical and immunohistochemical characterization show that ALP is efficiently immobilized, retains its activity and can trigger calcium phosphate mineralization on alumina at acellular conditions. In vitro cell tests demonstrate that ALP-functionalized alumina clearly boosts and enhances bone cell mineralization. Our results underpin the great potential of ALP-functionalized alumina for the development of bioactive surfaces for applications such as orthopaedic and dental implants, enabling a fast and firm implant osseointegration.
authors.affiliation: Advanced Ceramics, University of Bremen, Am Biologischen Garten 2, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
authors.forename: Alieh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aminian
authors.affiliation: Advanced Ceramics, University of Bremen, Am Biologischen Garten 2, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
authors.forename: Karoline
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pardun
authors.affiliation: Advanced Ceramics, University of Bremen, Am Biologischen Garten 2, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
authors.forename: Eike
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Volkmann
authors.affiliation: ESRF-The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li Destri
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Molecular Surfaces and Nanotechnology (LAMSUN), Department of Chemistry, University of Catania and CSGI, V.le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marletta
authors.affiliation: Advanced Ceramics, University of Bremen, Am Biologischen Garten 2, 28359 Bremen, Germany. Electronic address: treccani@uni-bremen.de.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Treccani
authors.affiliation: Advanced Ceramics, University of Bremen, Am Biologischen Garten 2, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
authors.forename: Kurosch
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rezwan
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000737:chemistry*; D000537:Aluminum Oxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D002460:Cell Line; D015921:Dental Implants; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D016348:Osseointegration; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D015921:Dental Implants; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; C020243:calcium phosphate; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D000537:Aluminum Oxide
keywords: Alkaline phosphatase; Alumina; Bioactivity; Biomineralization; Surface functionalization