title: Extension of Drosophila lifespan by cinnamon through a sex-specific dependence on the insulin receptor substrate chico.
abstract: Cinnamon is a spice commonly used worldwide to flavor desserts, fruits, cereals, breads, and meats. Numerous health benefits have been attributed to its consumption, including the recent suggestion that it may decrease blood glucose levels in people with diabetes. Insulin signaling is an integral pathway regulating the lifespan of laboratory organisms, such as worms, flies, and mice. We posited that if cinnamon truly improved the clinical signs of diabetes in people that it would also act on insulin signaling in laboratory organisms and increase lifespan. We found that cinnamon did extend lifespan in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. However, it had no effect on the expression levels of the 3 aging-related Drosophila insulin-like peptides nor did it alter sugar, fat, or soluble protein levels, as would be predicted. In addition, cinnamon exhibited no protective effects in males against oxidative challenges. However, in females it did confer a protective effect against paraquat, but sensitized them to iron. Cinnamon provided no protective effect against desiccation and starvation in females, but sensitized males to both. Interestingly, cinnamon protected both sexes against cold, sensitized both to heat, and elevated HSP70 expression levels. We also found that cinnamon required the insulin receptor substrate to extend lifespan in males, but not females. We conclude that cinnamon does not extend lifespan by improving stress tolerance in general, though it does act, at least in part, through insulin signaling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA. Electronic address: schriner@uci.edu.
authors.forename: Samuel E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Schriner
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA. Electronic address: skuramad@uci.edu.
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kuramada
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA. Electronic address: telopez@uci.edu.
authors.forename: Terry E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA. Electronic address: stephanie.truong@ucsf.edu.
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Truong
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA. Electronic address: andrewnp@uci.edu.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pham
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA. Electronic address: mjafari@uci.edu.
authors.forename: Mahtab
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jafari
mesh_terms: D000171:Acrolein / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002935:Cinnamomum zeylanicum; D003374:Coumarins / Q000494:pharmacology; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility / Q000187:drug effects; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008136:Longevity / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D017365:Spices; D013312:Stress, Physiological
chemical_list: D003374:Coumarins; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D007328:Insulin; D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins; C120233:chico protein, Drosophila; D000171:Acrolein; C030123:coumarin; C012843:cinnamaldehyde
keywords: Aging; Botanical extract; Cinnamon; Insulin signaling; Lifespan