title: HIV-1 infection causes a down-regulation of genes involved in ribosome biogenesis.
abstract: HIV-1 preferentially infects CD4+ T cells, causing fundamental changes that eventually lead to the release of new viral particles and cell death. To investigate in detail alterations in the transcriptome of the CD4+ T cells upon viral infection, we sequenced polyadenylated RNA isolated from Jurkat cells infected or not with HIV-1. We found a marked global alteration of gene expression following infection, with an overall trend toward induction of genes, indicating widespread modification of the host biology. Annotation and pathway analysis of the most deregulated genes showed that viral infection produces a down-regulation of genes associated with the nucleolus, in particular those implicated in regulating the different steps of ribosome biogenesis, such as ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcription, pre-rRNA processing, and ribosome maturation. The impact of HIV-1 infection on genes involved in ribosome biogenesis was further validated in primary CD4+ T cells. Moreover, we provided evidence by Northern Blot experiments, that host pre-rRNA processing in Jurkat cells might be perturbed during HIV-1 infection, thus strengthening the hypothesis of a crosstalk between nucleolar functions and viral pathogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital and Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, 3755 Côte Ste-Catherine Road, Montréal, Quebec, H3T 1E2, Canada.
authors.forename: Claudia L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Kleinman
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunoinfectivology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Margherita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Doria
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Orecchini
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunoinfectivology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Erica
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Giuliani
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Galardi
authors.affiliation: Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital and Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, 3755 Côte Ste-Catherine Road, Montréal, Quebec, H3T 1E2, Canada.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: De Jay
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Michienzi
mesh_terms: D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000235:genetics*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D012322:RNA Precursors / Q000235:genetics; D012323:RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional / Q000235:genetics; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012270:Ribosomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA
chemical_list: D012322:RNA Precursors