title: Human pelvis motions when walking and when riding a therapeutic horse.
abstract: A prevailing rationale for equine assisted therapies is that the motion of a horse can provide sensory stimulus and movement patterns that mimic those of natural human activities such as walking. The purpose of this study was to quantitatively measure and compare human pelvis motions when walking to those when riding a horse. Six able-bodied children (inexperienced riders, 8-12years old) participated in over-ground trials of self-paced walking and leader-paced riding on four different horses. Five kinematic measures were extracted from three-dimensional pelvis motion data: anteroposterior, superoinferior, and mediolateral translations, list angle about the anteroposterior axis, and twist angle about the superoinferior axis. There was generally as much or more variability in motion range observed between riding on the different horses as between riding and walking. Pelvis trajectories exhibited many similar features between walking and riding, including distorted lemniscate patterns in the transverse and frontal planes. In the sagittal plane the pelvis trajectory during walking exhibited a somewhat circular pattern whereas during riding it exhibited a more diagonal pattern. This study shows that riding on a horse can generate movement patterns in the human pelvis that emulate many, but not all, characteristics of those during natural walking.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA. Electronic address: Brian_Garner@baylor.edu.
authors.forename: Brian A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Garner
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA. Electronic address: Rhett_Rigby@baylor.edu.
authors.forename: B Rhett
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Rigby
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002648:Child; D003198:Computer Simulation; D056147:Equine-Assisted Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology*; D006736:Horses; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D009038:Motion; D010388:Pelvis / Q000502:physiology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014741:Video Recording; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Equine assisted activities; Human gait; Motion capture; Pelvis kinematics; Therapeutic horse riding