title: Periodontal ligament mesenchymal stromal cells increase proliferation and glycosaminoglycans formation of temporomandibular joint derived fibrochondrocytes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders are common disease in maxillofacial surgery. The aim of this study is to regenerate fibrocartilage with a mixture of TMJ fibrochondrocytes and periodontal ligament derived mesenchymal stem cells (PD-MSCs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fibrochondrocytes and PD-MSC were cocultured (ratio 1 : 1) for 3 weeks. Histology and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) assay were performed to examine the deposition of GAG. Green florescent protein (GFP) was used to track PD-MSC. Conditioned medium of PD-MSCs was collected to study the soluble factors. Gene expression of fibrochondrocytes cultured in conditioned medium was tested by quantitative PCR (qPCR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Increased proliferation of TMJ-CH was observed in coculture pellets when compared to monoculture. Enhanced GAG production in cocultures was shown by histology and GAG quantification. Tracing of GFP revealed the fact that PD-MSC disappears after coculture with TMJ-CH for 3 weeks. In addition, conditioned medium of PD-MSC was also shown to increase the proliferation and GAG deposition of TMJ-CH. Meanwhile, results of qPCR demonstrated that conditioned medium enhanced the expression levels of matrix-related genes in TMJ-CH.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results from this study support the mechanism of MSC-chondrocyte interaction, in which MSCs act as secretor of soluble factors that stimulate proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition of chondrocytes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan, University of Science and Technology, 24 Jinghua Road, Jianxi District, Luoyang, Henan 471003, China.
authors.forename: Jianli
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2948-8233
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan, University of Science and Technology, 24 Jinghua Road, Jianxi District, Luoyang, Henan 471003, China.
authors.forename: Fujun
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China.
authors.forename: Jianqiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mi
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China.
authors.forename: Zhiye
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000235:genetics; D020219:Chondrogenesis / Q000235:genetics*; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D010513:Periodontal Ligament; D012038:Regeneration / Q000235:genetics; D013704:Temporomandibular Joint / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D006025:Glycosaminoglycans