title: PECTATE LYASE-LIKE 9 from Brassica campestris is associated with intine formation.
abstract: Brassica campestris pectate lyase-like 9 (BcPLL9) was previously identified as a differentially expressed gene both in buds during late pollen developmental stage and in pistils during fertilization in Chinese cabbage. To characterize the gene's function, antisense-RNA lines of BcPLL9 (bcpll9) were constructed in Chinese cabbage. Self- and cross-fertilization experiments harvested half seed yields when bcpll9 lines were used as pollen donors. In vivo and in vitro pollen germination assays showed that nearly half of the pollen tubes in bcpll9 were irregular with shorter length and uneven surface. Aniline blue staining identified abnormal accumulation of a specific bright blue unknown material in the bcpll9 pollen portion. Scanning electron microscopy observation verified the abnormal outthrust material to be near the pollen germinal furrows. Transmission electron microscopy observation revealed the internal endintine layer was overdeveloped and predominantly occupied the intine. This abnormally formed intine likely induced the wavy structure and growth arrest of the pollen tube in half of the bcpll9 pollen grains, which resulted in less seed yields. Collectively, this study presented a novel PLL gene that has an important function in B. campestris intine formation.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cell & Molecular Biology, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; State Key Lab of Agrobiotechnology Shenzhen Base, Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China. Electronic address: jjiang@cuhkri.org.cn.
authors.forename: Jingjing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cell & Molecular Biology, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. Electronic address: hhxyz96969@zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Lina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cell & Molecular Biology, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. Electronic address: yuyoujian@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Youjian
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cell & Molecular Biology, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. Electronic address: ying0070070079@163.com.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cell & Molecular Biology, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. Electronic address: xiajianjiang321@163.com.
authors.forename: Jianxia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: State Key Lab of Agrobiotechnology Shenzhen Base, Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China. Electronic address: nye@cuhkri.org.cn.
authors.forename: Nenghui
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: The Center of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China. Electronic address: ymiao2013@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cell & Molecular Biology, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. Electronic address: jshcao@zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jiashu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cao
mesh_terms: D001937:Brassica / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000648:ultrastructure; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D018525:Germination; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D011058:Pollen / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D053205:Pollen Tube / Q000254:growth & development; D011133:Polysaccharide-Lyases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012639:Seeds / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D011133:Polysaccharide-Lyases; C023911:pectate lyase
keywords: Brassica campestris; Chinese cabbage; Intine; PLL; Pectate lyase; Pollen development