title: In vivo degradation of alginate in the presence and in the absence of resistant starch.
abstract: This study evaluated the intestinal degradability of alginate during 74 days intake in pigs as models for humans. Diets contained pregelatinized starch, retrograded starch, alginate, or a mix of retrograded starch and alginate. Faeces were collected on day 1, 3, 7, 14, 39 and 74. Clear trends in intestinal alginate degradation were observed. Up to day 39, the total tract digestibility of alginate was limited (0.52 ± 0.10), and was lower with the inclusion of retrograded starch in the diet (0.34 ± 0.02). More than 90% of the faecal alginate was insoluble in water, which may explain the low digestibility of the alginate. The digestibility of mannuronic acid (M) was 2-3 times higher than that of guluronic acid (G). The changes of G:M ratio and the relative amounts of alginate oligosaccharides between day 39 and 74 indicated that the microbiota needed more than 39 days to adapt to alginate. This study demonstrated that in-depth analyses of dietary fibres are valuable in understanding the fate of the dietary fibres in the large intestine as it was shown that degradation of a dietary fibre depends not only on the properties of the fibre itself, but also on the other dietary fibres present in the diet and the adaptation time.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708WG Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Melliana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jonathan
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen University, De Elst 1, 6708WD Wageningen, The Netherlands; Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University, De Elst 1, 6708WD Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Souza da Silva
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen University, De Elst 1, 6708WD Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bosch
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708WG Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Henk
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schols
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708WG Wageningen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: harry.gruppen@wur.nl.
authors.forename: Harry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gruppen
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000378:metabolism; D004063:Digestion; D020723:Glucuronic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D006603:Hexuronic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D013213:Starch / Q000378:metabolism*; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D013213:Starch
keywords: Dietary fibre; Digestibility; Guluronic acid; Mannuronic acid; Resistant starch