title: Neuroprotective effects of macranthoin G from Eucommia ulmoides against hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells via inhibiting NF-κB activation.
abstract: Oxidative stress-mediated cellular injury has been considered as a major cause of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases. The scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated by antioxidants may be a potential strategy for retarding the disease's progression. Macranthoin G (MCG), isolated from Eucommia ulmoides, is a derivative from chlorogenic acid methyl ester and caffeic acid. This study is aimed to investigate the protective role of MCG against the cytotoxicity induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and to elucidate potential protective mechanisms in rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells. The results showed that the treatment of PC12 cells with MCG prior to H2O2 exposure effectively increased the cell viability, and stabilized the mitochondria membrane potential (MMP); furthermore, it enhanced the antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and the levels of intracellular glutathione (GSH); it also decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) content, intracellular ROS, caspase-3 activation, as well as cell apoptosis. In addition, the MCG treatment minimized the cell injury by H2O2 via down-regulation of the NF-κB pathway as well as activation of phosphorylation of IκBα, p38, and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). These results showed that that MCG is promising as a potential therapeutic agent for neurodegenerative diseases induced by oxidative damage and should be encouraged for further research.
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-based Energy and Enzyme Technology, School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China.
authors.forename: Weicheng
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huaian 223300, China.
authors.forename: Gongcheng
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Agro-food Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
authors.forename: Pengxia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Agro-food Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
authors.forename: Yuning
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper, College of Material Science & Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China. Electronic address: sichli@tust.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Chuan-Ling
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Si
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-based Energy and Enzyme Technology, School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China; College of Food Science and Pharmacology, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Long
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Pharmacology, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China.
authors.forename: Yujia
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Pharmacology, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China.
authors.forename: Zuoshan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-based Energy and Enzyme Technology, School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China. Electronic address: wangxf@hytc.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xinfeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D031283:Eucommiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D016716:PC12 Cells; D010766:Phosphorylation; D051381:Rats; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C498145:Rela protein, rat; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA; C000614157:macranthoin G; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D053148:Caspase 3; D005978:Glutathione
keywords: Antioxidant enzyme; Macranthoin G; Malondialdehyde; Mitochondria membrane potential; Reactive oxygen species