title: Neurocognitive function among middle-aged and older Hispanic/Latinos: results from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.
abstract: We sought to examine and describe neurocognitive function among middle-aged and older Hispanic/Latino Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) participants. We analyzed baseline cross-sectional data from the middle-aged and older (ages 45-74 years old) participants (n = 9,063) to calculate neurocognitive function scores and their correlates. Older age and higher depressive symptoms scores were associated with lower average neurocognitive performance, whereas greater educational attainment and household income were associated with higher neurocognitive performance. Hispanic/Latino heritage groups significantly varied in neurocognitive performances. Some neurocognitive differences between Hispanics/Latinos were maintained after controlling for language preference, education, household income, and depressive symptoms. We found notable differences in neurocognitive scores between Hispanic/Latino heritage groups that were not fully explained by the cultural and socioeconomic correlates examined in this study. Further investigations into plausible biological and environmental factors contributing to the Hispanic/Latino heritage group differences in neurocognitive found in the HCHS/SOL are warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA hmgonzalez@epi.msu.edu.
authors.forename: Hector M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: González
authors.affiliation: Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Wassim
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tarraf
authors.affiliation: Universtiy of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gouskova
authors.affiliation: Psychology Department, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Linda C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Gallo
authors.affiliation: Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Frank J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Penedo
authors.affiliation: Universtiy of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Sonia M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.affiliation: Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Richard B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Lipton
authors.affiliation: University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Argüelles
authors.affiliation: Roosevelt University, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: James P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Choca
authors.affiliation: RTI International, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Diane J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Catellier
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine (Geriatrics), University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Mosley
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012189:Retrospective Studies
keywords: Cognitive function; Epidemiology; Hispanic/Latinos; Hispanics; Latinos; Neurocognitive function; Neuroepidemiology; Neuropsychology