title: Does Implant Design Affect Implant Primary Stability? A Resonance Frequency Analysis-Based Randomized Split-Mouth Clinical Trial.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to assess implant stability in relation to implant design (conical vs. semiconical and wide-pitch vs narrow-pitch) using resonance frequency analysis. Twenty patients with bilateral edentulous maxillary premolar region were selected. In one hemiarch, conical implants with wide pitch (group 1) were installed; in the other hemiarch, semiconical implants with narrow pitch were installed (group 2). The implant allocation was randomized. The implant stability quotient (ISQ) was measured by resonance frequency analysis immediately following implant placement to assess primary stability (time 1) and at 90 days after placement (time 2). In group 1, the mean and standard deviation ISQ for time 1 was 65.8 ± 6.22 (95% confidence interval [CI], 55 to 80), and for time 2, it was 68.0 ± 5.52 (95% CI, 57 to 77). In group 2, the mean and standard deviation ISQ was 63.6 ± 5.95 (95% CI, 52 to 78) for time 1 and 67.0 ± 5.71 (95% CI, 58 to 78) for time 2. The statistical analysis demonstrated significant difference in the ISQ values between groups at time 1 (P = .007) and no statistical difference at time 2 (P = .54). The greater primary stability of conical implants with wide pitch compared with semiconical implants with narrow pitch might suggest a preference for the former in case of the adoption of immediate or early loading protocols.
authors.affiliation: 1  Biotecnos Research Center, Santa Maria, Brazil.|2  Catholic University of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: Sergio Alexandre
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Gehrke
authors.affiliation: 3  Postgraduate Program in Implantology of Associação Paulista dos Circurgiões Dentistas, Jundiaí and Osasco, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ulisses Tavares
authors.initials: UT
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: 4  Research Center in Oral Health, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.|5  IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Del Fabbro
mesh_terms: D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D015921:Dental Implants; D006801:Humans; D009066:Mouth, Edentulous; D000074269:Resonance Frequency Analysis; D014732:Vibration
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants
keywords: dental implant; geometrical design; implant stability; resonance frequency analysis