title: Phylogenetic and pathogenic analyses of three H5N1 avian influenza viruses (clade 2.3.2.1) isolated from wild birds in Northeast China.
abstract: From April to September 2012, periodic surveillance of avian influenza H5N1 viruses from different wild bird species was conducted in Northeast China. Three highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 viruses were isolated from a yellow-browed warbler, common shoveler, and mallard. To trace the genetic lineage of the isolates, nucleotide sequences of all eight gene segments were determined and phylogenetically analyzed. The data indicated that three viruses belonged to the same antigenic virus group: clade 2.3.2.1. To investigate the pathogenicity of these three viruses in different hosts, chickens, ducks, and mice were inoculated. The results showed that chickens were susceptible to each of the three HPAI H5N1 viruses, resulting in 100% mortality within 2-6 days after infection, whereas the three isolates exhibited distinctly different virulence in ducks and mice. The results of this study demonstrated that HPAI H5N1 viruses of clade 2.3.2.1 are still circulating in wild birds through overlapping migratory flyways. Therefore, continuous monitoring of H5N1 in both domestic and wild birds is necessary to prevent a potentially wider outbreak.
authors.affiliation: College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Harbin 150001, China; College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China.
authors.forename: Zhaobin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Harbin 150001, China.
authors.forename: Yanpeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ci
authors.affiliation: Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Harbin 150001, China.
authors.forename: Liling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Information and Computer Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
authors.forename: Yixin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Harbin 150001, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Harbin 150001, China.
authors.forename: Deli
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Harbin 150001, China.
authors.forename: Yuntao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.affiliation: Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Harbin 150001, China.
authors.forename: Guobin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China. Electronic address: jianzhangma@163.com.
authors.forename: Jianzhang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Harbin 150001, China. Electronic address: liyanbing@caas.cn.
authors.forename: Yanbing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Harbin 150001, China.
authors.forename: Hualan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000835:Animals, Wild / Q000821:virology; D001717:Birds / Q000145:classification / Q000821:virology*; D002681:China; D053124:Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000821:virology; D051379:Mice; D010802:Phylogeny; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012313:RNA / Q000235:genetics*; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA
chemical_list: D012313:RNA
keywords: Avian influenza virus; H5N1; Northeast China; Phylogenetic analysis; Wild bird