title: [Microbicides for preventing sexually transmitted infections: Current status and strategies for preclinical evaluation of new candidates].
abstract: Microbicides are a new tool, still under investigation, which could help prevent infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Increasing evidence shows that the complexity of sexual transmission of viral pathogens requires the identification of compounds able to block the early events during the cycle of viral infection. In this manuscript we provide a comprehensive review of the different microbicide strategies that have been studied or are currently being considered for STI prevention, particularly emphasizing those having the potential to block HIV infection. The manuscript also reviews the complex process that is required to conduct future clinical studies in humans and concludes with a brief discussion of the strategies that could be part of the immediate future in microbicide research.
authors.affiliation: Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, Nueva York, Nueva York, EE. UU; Instituto de Virología "Dr. J.M. Vanella", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: José A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Fernández Romero
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Virología "Dr. J.M. Vanella", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: Pedro I
authors.initials: PI
authors.lastname: Gil
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Virología "Dr. J.M. Vanella", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: Viviana
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ré
authors.affiliation: Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, Nueva York, Nueva York, EE. UU.
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Robbiani
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Virología "Dr. J.M. Vanella", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina. Electronic address: gpaglini@immf.uncor.edu.
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Paglini
mesh_terms: D000282:Administration, Intravaginal; D000285:Administration, Rectal; D000818:Animals; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D017277:Drug Approval; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D006558:Herpes Genitalis / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D015231:Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Bacterial / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015229:Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D053586:Virus Internalization / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D014764:Viral Proteins
keywords: Antiviral; Antivirales; HIV; HPV; HSV-2; Microbicidas; Microbicides