title: Diabetes mellitus, hyperglycemia, hemoglobin A1C and the risk of prosthetic joint infections in total hip and knee arthroplasty.
abstract: Diabetes mellitus is an established risk factor for infections but evidence is conflicting to what extent perioperative hyperglycemia, glycemic control and treatment around the time of surgery modify the risk of prosthetic joint infections (PJIs). In a cohort of 20,171 total hip and knee arthroplasty procedures, we observed a significantly higher risk of PJIs among patients with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (hazard ratio [HR] 1.55, 95% CI 1.11, 2.16), patients using diabetes medications (HR 1.56, 95% CI 1.08, 2.25) and patients with perioperative hyperglycemia (HR 1.59, 95% CI 1.07, 2.35), but the effects were attenuated after adjusting for body mass index, type of surgery, ASA score and operative time. Although data were limited, there was no association between hemoglobin A1c values and PJIs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Hilal
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maradit Kremers
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Laura W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Lewallen
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Tad M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Mabry
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Berry
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Elie F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Berbari
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Douglas R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Osmon
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001168:Arthritis; D019644:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001786:Blood Glucose; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000097:blood; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000150:complications*; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000209:etiology*; D012042:Registries; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents
keywords: diabetes mellitus; hemoglobin A1c; hyperglycemia; infection; total joint arthroplasty