title: Association of sleep quality and quality of life in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study in China.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to investigate sleep quality and quality of life, and to assess the relationship between sleep quality and quality of life in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
  
  
  METHODS
  944 patients with T2DM were enrolled in our study. General characteristics and laboratory testing such as glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were measured. Each patient completed a Chinese version of the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and the diabetes specificity quality of life scale (DSQL) questionnaires. A PSQI global score >7 was defined as poor sleep quality. A global DSQL score <40 was defined as a good quality of life. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to examine the relationships between PSQI and DSQL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Poor quality of life in participants was associated with a longer duration of diabetes, a greater number of diabetes complications, no alcohol drinking, poor glycemic control and having depression and anxiety (all P<0.001). Of the participants, 33.6% of them were poor sleepers according to their PSQI. Poor sleepers had significantly lower DSQL (P<001). After adjustment for confounders, poor sleep quality was positively associated with a lower health-related quality of life (OR: 3.67, 95% CI: 1.30-10.33, P<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that poor sleep is prevalent in T2DM and inversely associated with quality of life. It is necessary for primary health-care workers to include sleep related knowledge in diabetes self-management programs to improve sleep quality in diabetes patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Control and Prevention of Chronic non-communicable diseases of Xuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xuzhou, China. Electronic address: lpa82835415@126.com.
authors.forename: Peian
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China. Electronic address: qinyu@jscdc.cn.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Department of Control and Prevention of Chronic non-communicable diseases of Xuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xuzhou, China. Electronic address: xzzhangpan@126.com.
authors.forename: Pan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Control and Prevention of Chronic non-communicable diseases of Xuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xuzhou, China. Electronic address: 71772690@qq.com.
authors.forename: Peipei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Control and Prevention of Chronic non-communicable diseases of Xuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xuzhou, China. Electronic address: 18905218811@189.cn.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Control and Prevention of Chronic non-communicable diseases of Xuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xuzhou, China. Electronic address: 1548857561@qq.com.
authors.forename: Guiqiu
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Control and Prevention of Chronic non-communicable diseases of Xuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xuzhou, China. Electronic address: nfykliting@126.com.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Control and Prevention of Chronic non-communicable diseases of Xuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xuzhou, China. Electronic address: qc101273528@126.com.
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Control and Prevention of Chronic non-communicable diseases of Xuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xuzhou, China. Electronic address: 494174@qq.com.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011788:Quality of Life; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin
keywords: Diabetes specificity quality of life scale; Pittsburgh sleep quality index; Type 2 diabetes mellitus