title: Real world experience with an indigenously manufactured stent Cobal C--a retrospective study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Second generation bare metal stents made of cobalt chromium alloy are superior to first generation stain less steel stents. The thin struts are shown to reduce clinical and angiographic adverse outcomes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study the long term clinical and angiographic outcomes in patients who underwent coronary angioplasty with an indigenously made cobalt chromium bare metal stents with thin strut Cobal+C™ (Relisys).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 268 consecutive patients who underwent coronary angioplasty with Cobal+C stents were studied retrospectively. Clinical follow up was done after a minimum period of nine months through telephonic interview and angiographic follow up was done in 80 patients chosen randomly. The end points analyzed included major adverse cardiac events (MACE) at nine months and the rate of binary restenosis at follow up angiogram done between 9 and 15 months post angioplasty.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty four percent were diabetic and 33% had acute myocardial infarction. Females constituted 17%. Mean stent diameter was 2.88 ± 0.28 and mean stent length 18.8 ± 4.2. MACE at nine months was 4.5% with TLR 0.3%. The rate of binary restenosis was 21%. Patients with longer stent lengths and non-compliance with medications had significantly higher rates of binary restenosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of Relisys Cobal+C stents was associated with good long term clinical and angiographic outcomes as evidenced by low incidence of MACE and binary restenosis rates for a bare metal stent.
authors.affiliation: Consultant Cardiologist, CARE Hospitals, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. Electronic address: bkssastry@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: B K S
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Sastry
authors.affiliation: CARE Hospitals, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
authors.forename: Nirmal
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: CARE Hospitals, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
authors.forename: Rajeev
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Menon
authors.affiliation: CARE Hospitals, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
authors.forename: Anuj
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kapadia
authors.affiliation: CARE Hospitals, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sridevi
authors.affiliation: CARE Hospitals, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Surya Prakash
authors.affiliation: CARE Hospitals, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Krishna Reddy
authors.affiliation: CARE Hospitals, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Srinivasa Rao
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D002857:Chromium; D003035:Cobalt; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000601:surgery*; D023903:Coronary Restenosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D062645:Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015607:Stents; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D002857:Chromium; D003035:Cobalt
keywords: Bare metal stent; Cobalt chromium stent; Cobalt+C stent; Restenosis