title: Thyroid volume in patients with glucose metabolism disorders.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Thyroid volume and the prevalence of thyroid nodules are higher in patients with insulin resistance. A relationship between thyroid volume and glucose metabolism disorders (GMD) has not as yet been clarified. The present retrospective study aimed to investigate the association between GMD and thyroid volume.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated the data of 2,630 patients who were evaluated for thyroid biopsy in our hospital. The study population included 602 patients with GMD, 554 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and 1,474 patients with normal glucose metabolism as a control group. We obtained the levels of serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and the thyroid volumes of those patients retrospectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median ages for the control group, GMD group and DM group were 55 (15-91) years, 60 (27-97) years, and 65 (27-91) years respectively and there was a statistically significant difference between the groups with regard to age and gender (p<0.001). Levels of TSH were similar in all groups. The median total thyroid volumes for patients with DM and GMD were significantly higher than that of the control group [22.5 (3-202) mL, 20.2 (4-190) mL, and 19.2 (3-168) mL respectively, p≤0.001 for all parameters]. Also the median total thyroid volume for patients with DM was significantly higher than that of the GMD group (p<0.001). According to the correlation analysis, thyroid volume was significantly correlated with age (r=0.92, p<0.001) and TSH (r=0.435, p<0.001). Age, gender, TSH levels, GMD and DM diagnosis were independently correlated with thyroid volume.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The thyroid gland is one of the target tissues of metabolic disorders. We reported a positive correlation between GMD/type 2 DM and thyroid volume. Further controlled, prospective, randomized studies on this subject are required to gain more information.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ayse Ocak
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Duran
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Cuneyd
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Anil
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guven Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Alptekin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gursoy
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Aslı
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nar
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mevlude
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inanc
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Oktay
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bozkurt
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Neslihan Bascil
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Tutuncu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D044882:Glucose Metabolism Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009929:Organ Size; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000473:pathology*; D016606:Thyroid Nodule / Q000473:pathology*; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D013972:Thyrotropin