title: How does the pathophysiological context influence delivery of bone growth factors?
abstract: "Orthobiologics" represents an important category of therapeutics for the regeneration of bone defects caused by injuries or diseases, and bone growth factors are a particularly rapidly growing sub-category. Clinical application of bone growth factors has accelerated in the last two decades with the introduction of BMPs into clinical bone repair. Optimal use of growth factor-mediated treatments heavily relies on controlled delivery, which can substantially influence the local growth factor dose, release kinetics, and biological activity. The characteristics of the surrounding environment, or "context", during delivery can dictate growth factor loading efficiency, release and biological activity. This review discusses the influence of the surrounding environment on therapeutic delivery of bone growth factors. We specifically focus on pathophysiological components, including soluble components and cells, and how they can actively influence the therapeutic delivery and perhaps efficacy of bone growth factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
authors.forename: Xiaohua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
authors.forename: Darilis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Suárez-González
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Khalil
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA. Electronic address: wlmurphy@wisc.edu.
authors.forename: William L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Murphy
mesh_terms: D001685:Biological Factors / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D060833:Cellular Microenvironment / Q000187:drug effects; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D001685:Biological Factors; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D004337:Drug Carriers
keywords: Bone regeneration; Growth factor delivery; Growth factors; Orthobiologics; Pathophysiological microenvironment