title: [Physical and chemical methods for eliminating propagules of indigenous mycorrhizal fungi from soil samples].
abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate methods to eliminate or reduce the number of indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) from soil samples without affecting their edaphic or microbiological properties. At an early trial we evaluated moist heat (autoclaving), dry heat (oven), sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and formaldehyde at a range of 100.0-3.3μl/g and 16.7-3.3μl/g respectively. There was no germination in plants of ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) sown on substrates receiving NaClO (100.0-33.3μl/g), whereas autoclaving significantly increased the available soil phosphorous content. Both treatments failed to eradicate AMF colonization at 9 weeks; therefore, they were discarded. In a second trial, oven and formaldehyde (10.0μl/g) treatments were analyzed to assess the effects of seed decontamination and AMF reinoculation. Both procedures were effective in reducing or eliminating indigenous AMF at a range of soil P availability of 12-29mg/kg. However, the time between soil treatment and AMF multiplication and safety requirements were greater in the case of formaldehyde application.
authors.affiliation: Unidad Integrada, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, UNMdP-Estación Experimental Agropecuaria INTA Balcarce, Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Biotecnología (INBIOTEC), Mar del Plata, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina. Electronic address: covacevich.fernanda@inta.gob.ar.
authors.forename: Fernanda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Covacevich
authors.affiliation: Unidad Integrada, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, UNMdP-Estación Experimental Agropecuaria INTA Balcarce, Argentina.
authors.forename: Claudia C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Castellari
authors.affiliation: Unidad Integrada, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, UNMdP-Estación Experimental Agropecuaria INTA Balcarce, Argentina.
authors.forename: Hernán E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Echeverría
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture / Q000379:methods*; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005658:Fungi / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006813:Humidity; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008129:Lolium / Q000382:microbiology; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000032:analysis; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000382:microbiology; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012988:Soil Microbiology
chemical_list: D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D012987:Soil; D005557:Formaldehyde; D010758:Phosphorus; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite
keywords: Calor húmedo; Calor seco; Colonización micorrícica; Formaldehyde; Formaldehído; Glomeromycota; Hipoclorito de Na; Mycorrhizal colonization; Mycorrhizal response; Na hypochlorite; Respuesta micorrícica; Wet and dry heat