title: Carbon dots from tryptophan doped glucose for peroxynitrite sensing.
abstract: Tryptophan doped carbon dots (Trp-CD) were microwave synthesized. The optimum conditions of synthesizing of the Trp-CD were established by response surface multivariate optimization methodologies and were the following: 2.5 g of glucose and 300 mg of tryptophan diluted in 15 mL of water exposed for 5 min to a microwave radiation of 700 W. Trp-CD have an average size of 20 nm, were fluorescent with a quantum yield of 12.4% and the presence of peroxynitrite anion (ONOO(-)) provokes quenching of the fluorescence. The evaluated analytical methodology for ONOO(-) detection shows a linear response range from 5 to 25 μM with a limit of detection of 1.5 μM and quantification of 4.9 μM. The capability of the ONOO(-) quantification was evaluated in standard solutions and in fortified serum samples.
authors.affiliation: CIQ-UP, Grupo de Ciências Biológicas e Bioanalíticas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; CIQ-UP, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, R. Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Eliana F C
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Simões
authors.affiliation: CIQ-UP, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, R. Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Joaquim C G Esteves
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: CIQ-UP, Grupo de Ciências Biológicas e Bioanalíticas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal. Electronic address: jleitao@ff.uc.pt.
authors.forename: João M M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Leitão
mesh_terms: D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D005947:Glucose / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D057230:Limit of Detection; D030421:Peroxynitrous Acid / Q000097:blood*; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods; D014364:Tryptophan / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D030421:Peroxynitrous Acid; D002244:Carbon; D014364:Tryptophan; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Carbon dots; Fluorescence quenching; Peroxynitrite; Sensing; Tryptophan