title: Compare study cellulose/Mn₃O₄ composites using four types of alkalis by sonochemistry method.
abstract: The purpose of this article was to explore the influences of alkalis types on the cellulose/Mn3O4 composites via a sonochemistry method. In this study, cellulose/Mn3O4 composites were successfully fabricated using four types of alkalis (urea (CO(NH2)2), hexamethylenetetramine ((CH2)6N4, HMT), NaOH, and KOH) by an environmentally-friendly sonochemistry method. The phase, shape, thermal stability, and the formation mechanism of the cellulose composites were researched in detail. Experimental results demonstrated that the types of alkalis played an important role in the phase, shape, dispersion, and thermal stability of cellulose/Mn3O4 composites. By thermal treatment of cellulose/Mn3O4 composites at 600°C for 3h in air, the Mn3O4 crystals were obtained. This novel method reported here maybe has a guiding significance for the synthesis of manganese oxide materials and other metal oxides using cellulose as template.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
authors.forename: Lian-Hua
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
authors.forename: Shu-Ming
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bian
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China. Electronic address: mg_ma@bjfu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Ming-Guo
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
authors.forename: Xing-Luan
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Long
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
authors.forename: Xue-Ming
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.
authors.forename: Shi-Jie
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000468:Alkalies / Q000737:chemistry*; D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry*; D004355:Drug Stability; D055772:Green Chemistry Technology; D017895:Manganese Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D013696:Temperature; D014465:Ultrasonics
chemical_list: D000468:Alkalies; D017895:Manganese Compounds; D010087:Oxides; C027424:manganese oxide; D002482:Cellulose
keywords: Alkalis; Cellulose; Composites; Mn(3)O(4); Sonochemistry