title: Effective start-up biofiltration method for Fe, Mn, and ammonia removal and bacterial community analysis.
abstract: Three identical lab-scale biofilters were employed to optimize the start-up process for simultaneous removal of iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and ammonia from potable water supplies. Nitrifying sludge and backwashing sludge containing Mn-oxidizing bacteria (MnOB) were used as the inocula. The start-up strategies consisted of simultaneous and separate inoculation of the two kinds of sludge. The influent Fe was removed immediately when the biofilters began to operate. The effects of nitrification for ammonia removal showed no significant difference between these biofilters. However, the beginning of Mn removal with separate inoculation was faster than that of simultaneous inoculation. The Mn removal can be described by using first order reaction; and the k (rate constant, min(-1)) values were 0.147±0.007 (mean±standard deviation) and 0.153±0.006. Besides the commonly reported MnOB genus Crenothrix, MnOB genera were also found to be related to the genera rarely reported in the potable water treatment systems.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
authors.forename: Yan'an
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China. Electronic address: lidong2006@bjut.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
authors.forename: Yuwen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
authors.forename: Yahong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
authors.forename: Huiping
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000378:metabolism; D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism*; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D008345:Manganese / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D012722:Sewage / Q000382:microbiology*; D014462:Ultrafiltration / Q000379:methods*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*; D014881:Water Supply / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D012722:Sewage; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D008345:Manganese; D000641:Ammonia; D007501:Iron
keywords: Biofilter; Manganese-oxidizing bacteria; Nitrification; Start-up method