title: Effect of ulinastatin combined rivaroxaban on deep vein thrombosis in major orthopedic surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the effect of ulinastatin (UTI) continuous infusion combined Rivaroxaban on the deep vein thrombosis in patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-five patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery were randomly divided into three groups:ulinastatin continuous infusion (Uc) group, ulinastatin single injection (Us) group and control (C) group. All patients received patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) after operation, and took Rivaroxaban 10 mg orally 12 hours after operation. Ulinastatin (5 000 U/kg) was given intravenously to both Uc and Us groups preoperatively. Group C was given isometric normal saline, group Uc was pumped UTI continuous intravenously at the end of surgery (10 000 U/kg) to 48 hours through PCIA pump. The values of hematocrit (HCT), thrombomodulin (TM), Interleukin (IL-6), thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT), D-Dimer (D-D) were normally tested before surgery (T1), at the end of the surgery (T2), 12 hours (T3), 24 hours (T4) and 48 hours (T5) after surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with T1, there was an upward tendency in TM, IL-6, TAT, and D-D after operation in group C group (P<0.05). The values of them were significantly increased from nearly 24-hour after surgery in Us group (P<0.05). In group Uc, there were no significant changes in these indices after operation (P>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  During the perioperative period, ulinastatin continuous infusion combined Rivaroxaban can correct blood hypercoagulability through different approaches in patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, 2nd hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Haikou 570208, China.
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Haikou 570208, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Haikou 570208, China.
authors.forename: Ka
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Haikou 570208, China.
authors.forename: Ying-Lin
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, 2nd hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China.
authors.forename: Guo-Yi
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Haikou 570208, China. Electronic address: dr_tgg@126.com.
authors.forename: Guo-Gang
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Tian
keywords: DVT; Orthopedic surgery; Rivaroxaban; Ulinastatin