title: Partial replacement of dietary linoleic acid with long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids protects against dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in rats.
abstract: Imbalances in the dietary n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have been implicated in the increased prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease. This study investigated the effects of substitution of linoleic acid with long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and hence decreasing n-6:n-3 fatty acid ratio on inflammatory response in dextran sulfate sodium induced colitis. Male weanling Sprague Dawley rats were fed diets with n-6:n-3 fatty acid in the ratios of 215,50,10 or 5 for 3 months and colitis was induced by administration of dextran sulfate sodium in drinking water during last 11 days. Decreasing the dietary n-6:n-3 fatty acid ratio to 10 and 5 significantly attenuated the severity of colitis as evidenced by improvements in clinical symptoms, reversal of shortening of colon length, reduced severity of anemia, preservation of colonic architecture as well as reduced colonic mucosal myeloperoxidase activity. This protection was associated with suppression of colonic mucosal proinflammatory mediators such as TNFα, IL-1β and nitric oxide. These findings suggest that long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids at a level of 3.0 g/kg diet (n-6:n-3 ratio of 10) prevents dextran sulfate sodium induced colitis by suppressing the proinflammatory mediators.
authors.affiliation: Department of Lipid Chemistry, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, India.
authors.forename: Anupama
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tyagi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, India.
authors.forename: Uday
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Lipid Chemistry, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, India.
authors.forename: Vadakattu Sai
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Santosh
authors.affiliation: Department of Lipid Chemistry, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, India.
authors.forename: Suryam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.affiliation: Department of Lipid Chemistry, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, India.
authors.forename: Saazida Bhanu
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Mohammed
authors.affiliation: Department of Lipid Chemistry, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, India. Electronic address: ahamed65@yahoo.co.in.
authors.forename: Ahamed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003092:Colitis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003106:Colon / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D016264:Dextran Sulfate; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000032:analysis; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000032:analysis; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D016264:Dextran Sulfate; D019787:Linoleic Acid; D009195:Peroxidase
keywords: Dextran sulfate sodium; Inflammatory bowel disease; Long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids; Proinflammatory cytokines; Ulcerative colitis