title: Acute and chronic responses of denitrifying culture to diclofenac.
abstract: Acute and chronic effect as well as biodegradation potential at different sludge retention times (SRTs) of a priority pollutant, diclofenac on denitrification process was assessed. The continuous amendment of the culture for 6months with 1μg/L diclofenac resulted in 30% decrease in gas production. The average diclofenac removal observed in the diclofenac-acclimated culture was less than 15%. Batch tests showed that nitrate was removed in diclofenac free-control reactor at a higher rate compared to diclofenac amended reactor. Although, SRT did not have any progressive effect on diclofenac degradation, the system operated at low SRT was more sensitive to diclofenac and resulted in an increase in N2O emission. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) operated at higher SRTs may tolerate and recover from the adverse effects of such micropollutants. The study can lead to other researchers to understand the fate and effect of other emerging pollutants in the anoxic unit of WWTPs.
authors.affiliation: Istanbul Technical University, Environmental Engineering Department, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Gamze
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ozdemir
authors.affiliation: Istanbul Technical University, Environmental Engineering Department, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Egemen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Aydin
authors.affiliation: Istanbul Technical University, Environmental Engineering Department, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Emel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Topuz
authors.affiliation: Istanbul Technical University, Environmental Engineering Department, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Cigdem
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yangin-Gomec
authors.affiliation: Istanbul Technical University, Environmental Engineering Department, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: okutmand@itu.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Didem
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Okutman Tas
mesh_terms: D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange; D058440:Denitrification / Q000187:drug effects*; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D012722:Sewage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014421:Turkey; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D004008:Diclofenac; D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D010100:Oxygen; D012722:Sewage; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Anoxic condition; Denitrification; Micropollutant; Pharmaceuticals; Toxicity