title: Evaluation and management of the older adult with chronic kidney disease.
abstract: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a high prevalence in the elderly population. Almost half of the population reaches moderate impairment (CKD 3) by 65 years of age. This article describes CKD staging in the geriatric population and several common clinical presentations of renal disease. Diagnosis and treatment regimens of CKD are discussed. Geriatric patients are at an increased risk for renal dysfunction from many causes. Some causes are inherent with aging, such as gross structural and cellular changes, decrease in physiologic function, and lowered vascular compensatory reserve. Exposures, including medications and diagnostic testing, are contributors to acute kidney injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatrics, Nova Southeastern University College of Osteopathic Medicine, 3200 South University Drive, Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA.
authors.forename: Kenya M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Rivas Velasquez
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatrics, Nova Southeastern University College of Osteopathic Medicine, 3200 South University Drive, Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA. Electronic address: hames@nova.edu.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hames
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatrics, Nova Southeastern University College of Osteopathic Medicine, 3200 South University Drive, Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA.
authors.forename: Hady
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Masri
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000150:complications; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D015415:Biomarkers; D006403:Hematologic Tests; D006801:Humans; D018802:Patient-Centered Care; D015995:Prevalence; D011320:Primary Health Care; D011788:Quality of Life; D044469:Racial Groups; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D017582:Renal Replacement Therapy; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D016482:Urinalysis
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: Acute kidney injury (AKI); Chronic kidney disease (CKD); Kidney failure; Older adult; Renal replacement therapy (RRT)