title: Pilot study: evaluation of the effect of functional electrical stimulation cycling on muscle metabolism in nonambulatory people with multiple sclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the changes in muscle oxygen consumption (mV˙O2) using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) after 4 weeks of training with functional electrical stimulation (FES) cycling in nonambulatory people with multiple sclerosis (MS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Four-week before-after trial to assess changes in mV˙O2 after an FES cycling intervention.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rehabilitation hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  People (N=8; 7 men, 1 women) from a volunteer/referred sample with moderate to severe MS (Expanded Disability Status Scale score>6.0).
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants cycled 30 minutes per session, 3d/wk for 4 weeks or a total of 12 sessions.
  
  
  METHODS
  mV˙O2 of the right vastus lateralis muscle was measured with NIRS before and within 1 week after the intervention. Six bouts of 15-second electrical stimulation increasing from 2 to 7Hz were used to activate the muscle. mV˙O2 was assessed by analyzing the slope of the NIRS oxygen signal during a 10-second arterial occlusion after each electrical stimulation bout.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant FES training by electrical stimulation frequency level interaction was observed (P=.031), with an average increase in mV˙O2 of 47% across frequencies with a main effect of training (P=.047).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FES cycling for 4 weeks improved mV˙O2, suggesting that FES cycling is a potential therapy for improving muscle health in people with MS who are nonambulatory.
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA. Electronic address: maryann.reynolds@colostate.edu.
authors.forename: Mary Ann
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA.
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: McCully
authors.affiliation: Shepherd Center, Atlanta, GA.
authors.forename: Blake
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Burdett
authors.affiliation: Shepherd Center, Atlanta, GA.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Manella
authors.affiliation: Shepherd Center, Atlanta, GA.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hawkins
authors.affiliation: Shepherd Center, Atlanta, GA.
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Backus
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology*; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D010865:Pilot Projects; D052097:Quadriceps Muscle / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012047:Rehabilitation Centers; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared
keywords: Electric stimulation; Exercise therapy; Metabolism; Multiple sclerosis; Rehabilitation