title: Personalized biomarkers to monitor disease progression in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients treated with icotinib.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Disease-specific humoral immune response-related protein complexes in blood are associated with disease progression.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-one patients with stage IIIB and IV non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were administered with oral dose of icotinib hydrochloride (150 mg twice daily or 125 mg 3 times daily) for a 28-continuous-day cycle until diseases progressed or unacceptable toxicity occurred. The levels of immunoinflammation-related protein complexes (IIRPCs) in a series of plasma samples from 31 NSCLC patients treated with icotinib hydrochloride were determined by an optimized native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three characteristic patterns of the IIRPCs, named as patterns a, b, and c, respectively, were detected in plasma samples from 31 patients. Prior to the treatment, there were 18 patients in pattern a consisting of 5 IIRPCs, 9 in pattern b consisting of six IIRPCs, and 4 in pattern c without the IIRPCs. The levels of the IIRPCs in 27 patients were quantified. Our results indicate that the time length of humoral immune and inflammation response (TLHIIR) was closely associated with disease progression, and the median TLHIIR was 22.0 weeks, 95% confidence interval: 16.2 to 33.0 weeks, with a lead time of median 11 weeks relative to clinical imaging evidence confirmed by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging (the median progression-free survival, 34.0 weeks, 95% confidence interval: 27.9 to 49.0 weeks).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The complex relationships between humoral immune response, acquired resistance, and disease progression existed. Personalized IIRPCs could be indicators to monitor the disease progression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.
authors.forename: Gaoguang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.
authors.forename: Yujie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.
authors.forename: Yanying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
authors.forename: Guanjun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.
authors.forename: Shuai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.
authors.forename: Junling
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China. Electronic address: lizhili@ibms.pumc.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhili
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D043844:Crown Ethers / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018450:Disease Progression; D016903:Drug Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D056724:Immunity, Humoral / Q000187:drug effects; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D057285:Precision Medicine / Q000379:methods; D011799:Quinazolines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D001798:Blood Proteins; D043844:Crown Ethers; D011799:Quinazolines; C531470:icotinib
keywords: Immunoinflammation-related protein complexes; Non-small-cell lung cancer; Progression-free survival; Time length of disease progression; Time length of humoral immune and inflammatory response