title: New microsatellite markers for multi-scale genetic studies on Phlebotomus ariasi Tonnoir, vector of Leishmania infantum in the Mediterranean area.
abstract: The population structure of Phlebotomus ariasi, a proven vector of Leishmania infantum in the Mediterranean area, is still poorly understood. Previously, only two microsatellite loci had been developed to study the population genetics of this species. Herein we use these loci and determined fourteen novel microsatellite loci, useful for the characterization of P. ariasi populations. These loci were tested on three populations of P. ariasi, two from France and one from Portugal. In addition, the usefulness of these markers was also evaluated on seven other sandfly species. We show, that for P. ariasi, 15 of the 16 loci selected were polymorphic, with a mean of 4.25 alleles and an observed heterozygosity of 0.299. Within the P. ariasi population of France, 11 loci were polymorphic, with an average of 2.44 alleles and an observed heterozygosity of 0.2177. The fixation index was moderate among the French populations but high between French and Portuguese populations. In addition, eight loci were also found to be amplifiable in six other Phlebotomus species. These results demonstrate the usefulness of this new set of microsatellite loci for population structure and molecular ecology studies of P. ariasi at various spatial scales, but also of other sandfly species.
authors.affiliation: UMR MIVEGEC (IRD 224 - CNRS 5290 - Universités Montpellier 1 et 2), 911 Avenue Agropolis, F34394 Montpellier, France. Electronic address: jorian.prudhomme@hotmail.fr.
authors.forename: Jorian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Prudhomme
authors.affiliation: UMR MIVEGEC (IRD 224 - CNRS 5290 - Universités Montpellier 1 et 2), 911 Avenue Agropolis, F34394 Montpellier, France. Electronic address: celine.toty@ird.fr.
authors.forename: Céline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Toty
authors.affiliation: Hacettepe University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Ecology Section, ESRL Laboratories, Beytepe, 0680 Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: ozgeerisoz@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Ozge Erisoz
authors.initials: OE
authors.lastname: Kasap
authors.affiliation: UMR MIVEGEC (IRD 224 - CNRS 5290 - Universités Montpellier 1 et 2), 911 Avenue Agropolis, F34394 Montpellier, France. Electronic address: nil.rahola@ird.fr.
authors.forename: Nil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rahola
authors.affiliation: UMR MIVEGEC (IRD 224 - CNRS 5290 - Universités Montpellier 1 et 2), 911 Avenue Agropolis, F34394 Montpellier, France. Electronic address: baptiste.vergnes@ird.fr.
authors.forename: Baptiste
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vergnes
authors.affiliation: Unidade de Parasitologia Médica, Centro de Malária e outras Doenças Tropicais, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropicall (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Rua da Junqueira, 100, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal. Electronic address: CarlaMaia@ihmt.unl.pt.
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Maia
authors.affiliation: Unidade de Parasitologia Médica, Centro de Malária e outras Doenças Tropicais, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropicall (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Rua da Junqueira, 100, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal. Electronic address: lcampino@ihmt.unl.pt.
authors.forename: Lenea
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Campino
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical Bacteriology, Parasitology, Zoonoses, and Geographical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Voutes, Heraklion, 71003 Crete, Greece. Electronic address: antoniou@med.uoc.gr.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Antoniou
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Entomología Médica, Servicio de Parasitología, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ctra, Majadahonda-Pozuelo s/n, Majadahonda, 28220 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: mjimenez@isciii.es.
authors.forename: Maribel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jimenez
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Entomología Médica, Servicio de Parasitología, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ctra, Majadahonda-Pozuelo s/n, Majadahonda, 28220 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: rmolina@isciii.es.
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Molina
authors.affiliation: Inserm U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, C3M, Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, 151, route St Antoine de Ginestière, BP 2 3194, 06204 Nice Cedex, France. Electronic address: arnaud.cannet@unice.fr.
authors.forename: Arnaud
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cannet
authors.affiliation: Hacettepe University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Ecology Section, ESRL Laboratories, Beytepe, 0680 Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: kaynas@hacettepe.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Bulent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Alten
authors.affiliation: UMR MIVEGEC (IRD 224 - CNRS 5290 - Universités Montpellier 1 et 2), 911 Avenue Agropolis, F34394 Montpellier, France. Electronic address: denis.sereno@ird.fr.
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sereno
authors.affiliation: UMR MIVEGEC (IRD 224 - CNRS 5290 - Universités Montpellier 1 et 2), 911 Avenue Agropolis, F34394 Montpellier, France. Electronic address: anne-laure.banuls@ird.fr.
authors.forename: Anne-Laure
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Bañuls
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017931:DNA Primers; D004463:Ecology; D005602:France; D005828:Genetics, Population; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000235:genetics*; D018314:Leishmania infantum / Q000469:parasitology*; D008297:Male; D019083:Mediterranean Region; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D010691:Phlebotomus / Q000235:genetics*; D011174:Portugal
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers
keywords: Microsatellites; Phlebotomus ariasi; Population genetics