title: Linear and undulating periodized strength plus aerobic training promote similar benefits and lead to improvement of insulin resistance on obese adolescents.
abstract: The present study compares the effectiveness of three types of physical training for obesity control in adolescents submitted to a long-term interdisciplinary therapy. Forty-five post-puberty obese adolescents (15-18yo) were randomly placed in three different groups of physical trainings: aerobic training (AT n=20), aerobic plus strength training with linear periodization (LP n=13) and aerobic plus strength training with daily undulating periodization (DUP n=12). The body composition was evaluated by air-displacement plethysmography; the rest metabolic rate was measured by indirect calorimetry; serum analysis was collected after an overnight fasting. The most important finding of this study was that both LP and DUP groups improved lipid profile, insulin sensitivity and adiponectin concentration (p<0.01). The linear regression showed a negative association between delta (%) adiponectin and delta (%) insulin (p<0.05). Each group presented a significant reduction in body mass, body mass index and fat mass (kg) after short and long-term intervention (p<0.01). However, the AT group reduced the fat-free mass after short-term intervention (p<0.01) and enhanced protein oxidation (p<0.01), whereas only LP group was able to increase the fat-free mass and maintain the rest metabolic rate (RMR). There was a negative correlation between percentage of protein oxidation and RMR (r=-0.75) in all groups. The interdisciplinary therapy models that included aerobic plus strength training were more effective than only aerobic training to improve lipid profile and insulin sensitivity, as well as the inflammatory state by increasing adiponectin. In all groups were observed an improvement on anthropometric profile.
authors.affiliation: Post Graduate Program of Nutrition, São Paulo, Brazil; Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: dsinoue@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Daniela Sayuri
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.affiliation: Association found of Incentive to Psychobiology, São Paulo, Brazil; Psychobiology Department, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marco Túlio
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: De Mello
authors.affiliation: Post Graduate Program of Nutrition, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Foschini
authors.affiliation: Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabio Santos
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Lira
authors.affiliation: Post Graduate Program of Nutrition, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aline
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: De Piano Ganen
authors.affiliation: Post Graduate Program of Nutrition, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Raquel Munhoz
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Da Silveira Campos
authors.affiliation: Post Graduate Program of Nutrition, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Priscila
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: De Lima Sanches
authors.affiliation: Post Graduate Program of Nutrition, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Patrícia Leão
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Post Graduate Program of Nutrition, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Flávia Campos
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Corgosinho
authors.affiliation: Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabrício Eduardo
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.affiliation: Association found of Incentive to Psychobiology, São Paulo, Brazil; Psychobiology Department, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tufik
authors.affiliation: Post Graduate Program of Nutrition, São Paulo, Brazil; Biosciences Department, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: ana.damaso@unifesp.br.
authors.forename: Ana R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Dâmaso
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000293:Adolescent; D017195:Adolescent Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D001481:Basal Metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D053580:Muscle Strength; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D055070:Resistance Training; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin
keywords: Aerobic training; Insulin resistance; Obesity; Periodization model; Strength training