title: Advanced endoscopic imaging for gastric cancer assessment: new insights with new optics?
abstract: The most immediate strategy for improving survival of gastric cancer patients is secondary prevention through diagnosis of early gastric cancer either through screening or follow-up of individuals at high risk. Endoscopy examination is therefore of paramount importance and two general steps are to be known in assessing gastric mucosa - detection and characterization. Over the past decade, the advent of advanced endoscopic imaging technology led to diverse descriptions of these modalities reporting them to be useful in this setting. In this review, we aim at summarizing the current evidence on the use of advance imaging in individuals at high-risk (i.e., advance stages of gastric atrophy/intestinal metaplasia) and in those harbouring neoplastic lesions, and address its potential usefulness providing the readers a framework to use in daily practice. Further research is also suggested.
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology Department, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Rua Professor Lima Basto, 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal. Electronic address: mmserrano@gmail.com.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Serrano
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia; Digestive Diseases Centre GASTRO, 6 Linezera Street, LV1006 Riga, Latvia. Electronic address: ikikuste@gmail.com.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kikuste
authors.affiliation: Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Porto Faculty of Medicine, Porto, Portugal; Gastroenterology Department, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Rua Dr. Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal. Electronic address: mdinisribeiro@gmail.com.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dinis-Ribeiro
mesh_terms: D053704:Capsule Endoscopy; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; D006801:Humans; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D055095:Optics and Photonics; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*
keywords: Characterization; Confocal laser endomicroscopy; Detection; Endocytoscopy; Endoscopy; Gastric cancer; Molecular imaging; Virtual chromoendoscopy