title: Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 2000/125 mg to prevent complications due to infection following completely bone-impacted lower third molar removal: a clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid to prevent infection following completely bone-impacted lower third molar removal.
  
  
  METHODS
  A random, double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial including 118 adults randomly allocated to placebo (60 patients) or antibiotic treatment (58 patients): 2 g amoxicillin/125 mg clavulanic acid 2 hours before the surgery and post-operatively twice a day for 4 days. Infection was clinically assessed until 8 weeks after surgery. Adverse events, as well as clinical and surgical variables, were recorded. Analysis was by intention to treat.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Infections developed in five patients in the placebo group, all in the first postoperative week, and in two in the antibiotic group, both after the first week, the difference not being statistically significant (P = .278, number needed to treat 19 [8-∞]). There were no relationships between any variables studied and infection. No serious adverse events were reported.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is insufficient evidence to recommend routine use of this antibiotic treatment.
authors.affiliation: Stomatology I Department, Research group UPV/EHU IT821-13, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain.
authors.forename: Iciar
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Arteagoitia
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacists, Vizcaya, Spain.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ramos
authors.affiliation: Stomatology I Department, Research group UPV/EHU IT821-13, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain.
authors.forename: Gorka
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Santamaria
authors.affiliation: Stomatology I Department, Research group UPV/EHU IT821-13, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; Maxillofacial Group, BioCruces Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, Vizcaya, Spain.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Barbier
authors.affiliation: Stomatology I Department, Research group UPV/EHU IT821-13, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; Maxillofacial Group, BioCruces Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, Vizcaya, Spain.
authors.forename: Julio
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Alvarez
authors.affiliation: Stomatology I Department, Research group UPV/EHU IT821-13, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; Maxillofacial Group, BioCruces Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, Vizcaya, Spain. Electronic address: Jsz@clinicaimd.com.
authors.forename: Joseba
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Santamaria
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019980:Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008964:Molar, Third / Q000601:surgery*; D010919:Placebos; D011182:Postoperative Care; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014081:Tooth Extraction; D014095:Tooth, Impacted / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010919:Placebos; D019980:Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination