title: Serum concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins among  ceramicists.
abstract: Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) occur naturally in ball clay at elevated concentrations. Thus, persons who habitually work with clay may be at risk for exposure to PCDDs. An earlier case report provided some evidence of elevated PCDD levels in serum for long-term hobby ceramicists; however, no previous study has measured serum dioxin concentrations among ceramicists. This study measured PCDD serum levels for 27 individuals involved in ceramics making. The average residual, defined as the average of the [log measured serum lipid concentration – log background serum lipid concentration], was calculated and then tested to determine whether it was significantly different from zero. The p-values for the average residuals indicated that the serum lipid concentrations for several PCDD congeners were elevated relative to background. The number of significant residuals increased dramatically if the background concentrations were adjusted to account for the fact that they were not contemporaneous with the measurements for the ceramicists. The ratio of the 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDD concentration to the 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDD concentration was greater than 1.0, unlike in ball clay, suggesting that although long-term working with ball clay elevates the PCDD levels in serum somewhat, it is not the predominant source of the PCDD body burden for ceramicists.
authors.forename: Avery
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Demond
authors.forename: Xiaohui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Kendra
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Broadwater
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Meeker
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Luksemburg
authors.forename: Martha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maier
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Garabrant
authors.forename: Alfred
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Franzblau
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000538:Aluminum Silicates / Q000737:chemistry*; D001822:Body Burden; D002516:Ceramics / Q000737:chemistry*; D000077215:Clay; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D006686:Hobbies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D066192:Manufacturing Industry; D008824:Michigan; D008875:Middle Aged; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D000077215:Clay