title: Diet and its relationship to sarcopenia in community dwelling Iranian elderly: a cross sectional study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Sarcopenia is associated with frailty and disability among the elderly and imposes significant costs on health care systems. We tested whether adherence to a particular dietary pattern was associated with sarcopenia among the elderly in a district of Tehran, Iran.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used a semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire to assess the dietary intake of 300 randomly-selected elderly men and women (at least 55 y old) living in the sixth district of Tehran; and the dietary patterns of the subjects were obtained using principal component analysis. We performed a logistic regression to measure the effect of adherence to each dietary pattern on the odds of sarcopenia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects in the highest tertile of the Mediterranean dietary pattern, characterized by a higher consumption of olive oil, fruits, vegetables, fish, and nuts, had a lower odds ratio for sarcopenia than those in the lowest tertile (OR = 0.42; 95% CI = 0.18-0.97; P for trend = 0.04). In contrast, adherence to the Western dietary pattern, characterized by a high consumption of sugar, soy, and fast foods, was not associated with sarcopenia (OR = 0.51; 95% CI = 0.21-1.24; P for trend = 0.13). Similarly, adherence to the Mixed dietary pattern, characterized by a high consumption of animal proteins, potatoes, and refined grains, did not affect the odds of sarcopenia (OR = 1.45; 95% CI = 0.66-3.19; P for trend = 0.95).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with lower odds of sarcopenia among the Iranian elderly.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Rezvan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hashemi
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: a_dorosty@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Ahmadreza Dorosty
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Motlagh
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center and Chronic Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ramin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Heshmat
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Ahmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Esmaillzadeh
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Moloud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Payab
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mahsa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yousefinia
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Fereydoun
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Siassi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Parvin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pasalar
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Fereshteh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Baygi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D038441:Diet, Mediterranean; D066273:Diet, Western; D002149:Energy Intake; D057140:Fast Foods; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D057187:Independent Living; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal; D009754:Nuts; D000069463:Olive Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010349:Patient Compliance; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D055948:Sarcopenia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D045730:Soy Foods; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014675:Vegetables
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D000069463:Olive Oil
keywords: Aging; Dietary pattern; Iranian; Sarcopenia