title: Molecular perspectives on solid-state phase transformation and chemical reactivity of drugs: metoclopramide as an example.
abstract: Here, I provide an overview of the solid-state characteristics, phase transformations and chemical reactions of metoclopramide hydrochloride monohydrate (MCP HCl H2O). Three unique techniques, including thermoanalytical methods, one-step simultaneous differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy, and hot-stage microscopic (HSM) imaging, have been applied to study the solid-state phase transitions of MCP HCl H2O in continuous dehydration, amorphization and recrystallization processes. I also review the effects of grinding or heating on ion-exchange reactions, milling, compression or colyophilization on Maillard reactions, and γ-ray irradiation or electron beams on radiolysis in the solid state. I also report the exposure of MCP HCl H2O in solution to light, irradiation, oxidants or π-acceptors. This review will serve as a useful keynote for the evolving realm of solid-state chemistry research.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Technology, Yuanpei University, Hsin Chu, Taiwan, ROC. Electronic address: sylin@mail.ypu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Shan-Yang
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D004304:Dosage Forms; D004355:Drug Stability; D008787:Metoclopramide / Q000737:chemistry*; D044367:Phase Transition; D012996:Solutions
chemical_list: D004304:Dosage Forms; D012996:Solutions; D008787:Metoclopramide