title: Examining the reliability and validity of a modified version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, long form (IPAQ-LF) in Nigeria: a cross-sectional study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the reliability and an aspect of validity of a modified version of the long International Physical Activity Questionnaire (Hausa IPAQ-LF) in Nigeria.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study, examining the reliability and construct validity of the Hausa IPAQ-LF compared with anthropometric and biological variables.
  
  
  METHODS
  Metropolitan Maiduguri, the capital city of Borno State in Nigeria.
  
  
  METHODS
  180 Nigerian adults (50% women) with a mean age of 35.6 (SD=10.3) years, recruited from neighbourhoods with diverse socioeconomic status and walkability.
  
  
  METHODS
  Domains (domestic physical activity (PA), occupational PA, leisure-time PA, active transportation and sitting time) and intensities of PA (vigorous, moderate and walking) were measured with the Hausa IPAQ-LF on two different occasions, 8 days apart. Outcomes for construct validity were measured body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Hausa IPAQ-LF demonstrated good test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC>75) for total PA (ICC=0.79, 95% CI 0.65 to 0.82), occupational PA (ICC=0.77, 95% CI 0.68 to 0.82), active transportation (ICC=0.82, 95% CI 0.75 to 0.87) and vigorous intensity activities (ICC=0.82, 95% CI 0.76 to 0.87). Reliability was substantially higher for total PA (ICC=0.80), occupational PA (ICC=0.78), leisure-time PA (ICC=0.75) and active transportation (ICC=0.80) in men than in women, but domestic PA (ICC=0.38) and sitting time (ICC=0.71) demonstrated more substantial reliability coefficients in women than in men. For the construct validity, domestic PA was significantly related mainly with SBP (r=-0.27) and DBP (r=-0.17), and leisure-time PA and total PA were significantly related only with SBP (r=-0.16) and BMI (r=-0.29), respectively. Similarly, moderate-intensity PA was mainly related with SBP (r=-0.16, p<0.05) and DBP (r=-0.21, p<0.01), but vigorous-intensity PA was only related with BMI (r=-0.11, p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The modified Hausa IPAQ-LF demonstrated sufficient evidence of test-retest reliability and may be valid for assessing context specific PA behaviours of adults in Nigeria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maidugur, Borno, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Adewale L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Oyeyemi
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maidugur, Borno, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Umar M
authors.initials: UM
authors.lastname: Bello
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Plateau, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Saratu T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Philemon
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maidugur, Borno, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Habeeb N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Aliyu
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maidugur, Borno, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Rebecca W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Majidadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maidugur, Borno, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Adetoyeje Y
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Oyeyemi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D009549:Nigeria; D011634:Public Health; D012372:ROC Curve; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: EPIDEMIOLOGY; PUBLIC HEALTH; SOCIAL MEDICINE