title: Influence of short-term exposure to low levels of 17α-ethynylestradiol on expression of genes involved in immunity and on immune parameters in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.
abstract: Fish are exposed to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDC), which are well known to disturb not only the reproductive system but also the immune system in vertebrates. However, the mechanisms by which these compounds are able to modify fish immunity are not well understood. In order to test the EE2 effects on immunity in selected organs, we exposed rainbow trout male juveniles for 3 weeks to EE2 concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 1 μg/L. The results of this study suggest that EE2 affects the immunity of rainbow trout in a tissue dependent manner. This molecule affects both cellular and humoral immune systems. Indeed, blood leukocyte populations, as well as hepatic and plasma lysozyme, plasma MPO and renal complement activities, are modulated by EE2. Moreover, EE2 alters the gene expression of some mucus compounds, hepatic expression of complement sub-unit and lysozyme, or genes involved in the hepatic phagocytosis and transport of immunoglobulin across the liver.
authors.affiliation: Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), NARILIS, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Massart
authors.affiliation: Unit Research Animal and Functionality of Animal Products (URAFPA), University of Lorraine, F-54003 Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Sylvain
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Milla
authors.affiliation: Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), NARILIS, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium.
authors.forename: Baptiste
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Redivo
authors.affiliation: Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), NARILIS, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium.
authors.forename: Enora
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Flamion
authors.affiliation: Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), NARILIS, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium.
authors.forename: S N M
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Mandiki
authors.affiliation: Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), NARILIS, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium.
authors.forename: Elodie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Falisse
authors.affiliation: Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), NARILIS, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium. Electronic address: patrick.kestemont@unamur.be.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kestemont
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol / Q000633:toxicity*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000187:drug effects*; D056724:Immunity, Humoral / Q000187:drug effects*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol
keywords: EE2; Gene expression; Immune parameters; Immunity; Rainbow trout