title: The prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing in children with asthma and its behavioral effects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in children with asthma compared to non-asthmatic children and to determine if behavior problems are associated with asthma and SDB.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-Sectional.
  
  
  METHODS
  Parents of 263 children with asthma and 266 controls ages 2 to 15 years attending routine pediatric office visits completed the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) and the Child Behavior Checklist. Asthma severity was classified based on NIH guidelines.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of snoring was significantly higher in asthmatic children (35.5%) than controls (15.7%) and the prevalence of a positive PSQ was significantly higher in asthmatic children (25.9%) than controls (10.6%) (P < 0.001 for both). The effect of asthma was "dose-dependent" as children with more severe asthma had increased odds ratios for snoring and a positive PSQ. On multivariate analysis, there were significant interactions of gender with asthma and age with gender. A positive modified PSQ along with measures of socioeconomic status and age were the only independent predictors of abnormal Child Behavior Checklist scores and score classifications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was a higher prevalence of SDB in asthmatic children compared to non-asthmatic children and the prevalence of SDB increased with increasing asthma severity. In multivariate analysis the role of asthma was much less clear as it predicted a positive PSQ in girls but not boys. SDB, but not asthma, was an independent predictor of behavioral problems.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York.|Department of Otolaryngology, Kings County Hospital Center, Brooklyn, New York.
authors.forename: Nira A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York.|Department of Otolaryngology, Kings County Hospital Center, Brooklyn, New York.
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aronin
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York.|Department of Otolaryngology, Kings County Hospital Center, Brooklyn, New York.
authors.forename: Beth
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kantrowitz
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York.|Department of Otolaryngology, Kings County Hospital Center, Brooklyn, New York.
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hershcopf
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York.|Department of Otolaryngology, Kings County Hospital Center, Brooklyn, New York.
authors.forename: Sherry
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fishkin
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York.|Department of Pediatrics, Kings County Hospital Center, Brooklyn, New York.
authors.forename: Haesoon
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York.|Department of Pediatrics, Kings County Hospital Center, Brooklyn, New York.
authors.forename: Diana E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Weaver
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York.|Department of Otolaryngology, Kings County Hospital Center, Brooklyn, New York.
authors.forename: Candice
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yip
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York.|Department of Otolaryngology, Kings County Hospital Center, Brooklyn, New York.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liaw
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York.|Department of Otolaryngology, Kings County Hospital Center, Brooklyn, New York.
authors.forename: Tehila A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Saadia
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York.|Department of Otolaryngology, Kings County Hospital Center, Brooklyn, New York.
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Abramowitz
authors.affiliation: Scientific Computing Center, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York.
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Weedon
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D001249:Asthma / Q000150:complications*; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012890:Sleep; D012891:Sleep Apnea Syndromes / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012913:Snoring / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: epidemiology; obstructive sleep apnea; pediatrics