title: Persistent lipid abnormalities in statin-treated patients: Portuguese diabetic subpopulation of the Dyslipidaemia International Study (DYSIS).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the treatment patterns and prevalence of persistent lipid abnormalities in Portuguese statin-treated patients with diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  DYSIS was an epidemiological, cross-sectional and multicentre international study. Outpatients ≥ 45 years old seen at primary and secondary care centres and treated with statins for at least three months were enrolled. This study presents the results for the Portuguese subpopulation, focusing on lipid control of the diabetic patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 916 patients recruited, 348 (38%) had diabetes mellitus (DM). The majority of the diabetic patients (58%) failed to attain an LDL-C < 2.5 mmol/L, and 77% did not reach the optional goal of LDL-C < 2.0 mmol/L set by the 2007 recommendations of the European Society of Cardiology. The most frequently used statin was simvastatin, both in patients with and without diabetes (55.7% vs. 57.1%, p = 0.68). The mean (SD) statin dose in simvastatin-equivalent units was 26.1 (9.2) mg in diabetics and 25.3 (8.8 mg) in non-diabetics (p = 0.19).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The majority of Portuguese diabetic patients treated with statins failed to attain the recommended LDL cholesterol goals. Relatively low doses of medium potency statins were the prevailing therapy. There seems to be considerable room for improvement through the use of more potent statins, dose up-titration and/or the addition of other lipid-modifying therapies.
authors.affiliation: Arterial Investigation Unit, Internal Medicine 4 Department, Hospital Santa Marta, Rua de Santa Marta, 1169-1024 Lisbon, Portugal. Electronic address: pedro.silva@hsmarta.min-saude.pt.
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marques da Silva
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology Department, Coimbra University, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal. Electronic address: massanocardoso@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Salvador
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Massano Cardoso
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Department, Hospital de Santa Cruz, Av. Prof. Reinaldo dos Santos, 2799-523 Carnaxide, Portugal; MSD Portugal, a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Portugal. Electronic address: amferreira.md@gmail.com.
authors.forename: António Miguel
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Ferreira
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011174:Portugal / Q000453:epidemiology; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D015995:Prevalence; D011320:Primary Health Care; D063127:Secondary Health Care; D019821:Simvastatin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D019821:Simvastatin
keywords: Cardiovascular disease; Diabetes mellitus; Dyslipidaemia; HMG-CoA; Simvastatin; Statins