title: Changes in markers of oxidative stress and DNA damage in human visceral adipose tissue from subjects with obesity and type 2 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In the past 30 years, prevalence of obesity has almost trebled resulting in an increased incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and other co-morbidities. Visceral adipose tissue is believed to play a vital role, but underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Our aim was to investigate changes in markers of oxidative damage in human visceral adipose tissue to determine levels of oxidative burden that may be attributed to obesity and/or diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Visceral adipose tissue samples from 61 subjects undergoing abdominal surgery grouped as lean, obese and obese with type 2 diabetes mellitus, were examined using 3 different markers of oxidative stress. Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration was measured as a marker of lipid peroxidation, telomere length and Comet assay as markers of oxidative DNA damage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant difference in MDA concentration, telomere length and DNA damage was observed between groups, although longer telomere lengths were seen in the obese with diabetes group compared to the obese group (P<0.05). Lower MDA concentration and longer telomere length were seen in subjects with diabetes compared to those without (P<0.05). DNA damage, analysed via Comet assay, was significantly lower in subjects with diabetes compared to those without (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A paradoxical decrease in oxidative stress and DNA damage was observed in samples from subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Further work is required to investigate this further, however this phenomenon may be due to an up regulation of antioxidant defences in adipose tissue.
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Research Group, College of Medicine, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, UK. Electronic address: 367995@swansea.ac.uk.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Research Group, College of Medicine, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, UK.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Prior
authors.affiliation: General Surgery (Upper GI (Obesity) and Endocrinology), Morriston Hospital, Swansea, UK.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Barry
authors.affiliation: General Surgery (Upper GI (Obesity) and Endocrinology), Morriston Hospital, Swansea, UK.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Caplin
authors.affiliation: General Surgery (Upper GI (Obesity) and Endocrinology), Morriston Hospital, Swansea, UK.
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Baxter
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Research Group, College of Medicine, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, UK; General Surgery (Upper GI (Obesity) and Endocrinology), Morriston Hospital, Swansea, UK.
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Stephens
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism*; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics*; D004249:DNA Damage; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D004247:DNA
keywords: Obesity; Oxidative stress; Type 2 diabetes mellitus