title: Quantitative neuropathological assessment to investigate cerebral multi-morbidity.
abstract: The aging brain is characterized by the simultaneous presence of multiple pathologies, and the prevalence of cerebral multi-morbidity increases with age. To understand the impact of each subtype of pathology and the combined effects of cerebral multi-morbidity on clinical signs and symptoms, large clinico-pathological correlative studies have been performed. However, such studies are often based on semi-quantitative assessment of neuropathological hallmark lesions. Here, we discuss some of the new methods for high-throughput quantitative neuropathological assessment. These methods combine increased quantitative rigor with the added technical capacity of computers and networked analyses. There are abundant new opportunities - with specific techniques that include slide scanners, automated microscopes, and tissue microarrays - and also potential pitfalls. We conclude that quantitative and digital neuropathologic approaches will be key resources to further elucidate cerebral multi-morbidity in the aged brain and also hold the potential for changing routine neuropathologic diagnoses.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL UK.
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Attems
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, University of Kentucky, 800 Limestone Street, Lexington, KY 40536-0230 USA.
authors.forename: Janna H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Neltner
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, University of Kentucky, 800 Limestone Street, Lexington, KY 40536-0230 USA.
authors.forename: Peter T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Nelson