title: Structural, mechanical and myogenic properties of small mesenteric arteries from ApoE KO mice: characterization and effects of virgin olive oil diets.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We analyzed the structural, mechanical, myogenic and functional properties of resistance arteries of ApoE KO compared to wild type (WT) mice. We also determined the influence of saturated fat in comparison to virgin olive oil-enriched diets in vascular wall abnormalities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male ApoE KO (ApoE) and WT mice (8-weeks-old) were assigned to the groups: standard chow diet (SD), high fat diet (HFD), virgin olive oil (VOO) and high polyphenol-VOO-enriched diet (Oleaster(®)) (OT) (15% w/w). After 20 weeks, structural, mechanical and myogenic properties of isolated small mesenteric arteries (SMA) were analyzed by pressure myography. For functional studies, vasodilatation to acetylcholine was assessed. Arterial superoxide anion production was measured by ethidium fluorescence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hypertrophic remodeling and distensibility in ApoE KO SMA was lower compared to WT mice, suggesting an alteration in the autoregulation mechanisms aimed to compensate disease progression. However, ApoE deficiency resulted in a lower impairment in myogenic tone in response to intraluminal pressure, in addition to an improved endothelium-dependent hyperpolarizing vasodilatation. Also, we evidenced the beneficial effects of VOO in contrast to a saturated fat-enriched diet on SMA wall disorders. Only the endothelial function improvement induced by olive oil was dependent on polyphenols content.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Resistance arteries structure, mechanic, myogenic and functional responses from ApoE KO mice significantly differ from WT mice, evidencing the influence of the type of diet on these disorders. These results are particularly useful to determine the contribution of resistance arteries during the atherosclerotic process and to provide novel insights into the Mediterranean dietary pattern to reduce the burden of atherosclerotic disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, C/ Profesor Garcia-Gonzalez 2, 41012 Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ogalla
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, C/ Profesor Garcia-Gonzalez 2, 41012 Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Claro
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, C/ Profesor Garcia-Gonzalez 2, 41012 Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alvarez de Sotomayor
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, C/ Profesor Garcia-Gonzalez 2, 41012 Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria Dolores
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Herrera
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, C/ Profesor Garcia-Gonzalez 2, 41012 Seville, Spain. Electronic address: rrodriguez@uic.es.
authors.forename: Rosalia
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Rodriguez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000838:Anions / Q000737:chemistry; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics*; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003094:Collagen / Q000737:chemistry; D038441:Diet, Mediterranean; D004041:Dietary Fats; D018450:Disease Progression; D004549:Elastin / Q000737:chemistry; D004996:Ethidium / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D008638:Mesenteric Arteries / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000737:chemistry; D011312:Pressure; D013481:Superoxides / Q000737:chemistry; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000838:Anions; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D004041:Dietary Fats; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D059808:Polyphenols; D013481:Superoxides; D003094:Collagen; D004549:Elastin; D004996:Ethidium
keywords: Arterial wall properties; Atherosclerosis; Small mesenteric artery; Virgin olive oil