title: Conditions presenting with symptoms of peripheral arterial disease.
abstract: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is estimated to affect more than 20% of people older than 65 years. The vast majority of patients with symptoms suggestive of PAD have atherosclerosis often associated with conventional vascular risk factors such as smoking, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and inflammation. A minority of people presenting with symptoms suggesting PAD have an alternative etiology. These groups of disorders are often underdiagnosed, and if diagnosed correctly the diagnosis may be delayed. Understanding these pathologies well is important, as they can be very debilitating and optimal treatment may vary significantly. Inappropriate treatment of these disorders can lead to worsening morbidity and mortality. This article discusses the underlying causes of nonatherosclerotic PAD, including the diagnosis and treatment of these disorders.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.
authors.forename: Aditya M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.
authors.forename: Patrick T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Norton
authors.affiliation: Medical Education, University Virginia School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.
authors.forename: Daisy
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhu
keywords: fibromuscular dysplasia; iliac artery endofibrosis; interventional radiology; mimics of peripheral vascular disease; nonatherosclerotic peripheral artery disease; popliteal artery entrapment syndrome