title: A review of drug policy in the Golden Crescent: towards the development of more effective solutions.
abstract: There is a high prevalence of drug trafficking and misuse in Asia. Drugs grown in Afghanistan are trafficked through Iran and Pakistan to the rest of the world. This has led to an increase in the prevalence of drug use disorders in these regions, especially heroin. This has in turn led to an increase in the use of syringes and syringe sharing which has resulted in the exponential spread of blood borne diseases such as HIV/AIDS. A lack of awareness of the detrimental use of heroin, syringe sharing and the concept of HIV has been revealed. The literature reviewed provides evidence for a change in policy with an increase in epidemiological and clinical research in these regions as well as an increase in public awareness.
authors.affiliation: Schizophrenia Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5T 1R8.
authors.forename: Anushka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Talpur
authors.affiliation: Schizophrenia Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5T 1R8. Electronic address: tony.george@camh.ca.
authors.forename: Tony P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: George
mesh_terms: D000346:Afghanistan; D064423:Drug Trafficking / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D016485:Needle Sharing; D018671:Needle-Exchange Programs / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D010154:Pakistan; D015995:Prevalence; D011640:Public Policy; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*
keywords: Afghanistan; Drug abuse; Drug policy; Iran; Pakistan; Prevalence