title: Self-enhancement of GABA in rice bran using various stress treatments.
abstract: Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) may be synthesized in plant tissues when the organism is under stressful conditions. Rice bran byproduct obtained from the milling of brown rice was treated under anaerobic storage with nitrogen at different temperatures (20-60 °C) and moisture contents (10-50%) up to 12h. For the GABA synthesis, the storage at 30% moisture content and 40 °C appeared optimal. Utilisation of an electrolyzed oxidizing water (EOW, pH 3.3) for moisture adjustment and addition of glutamic acid increased the GABA content in rice bran. The maximum GABA content in rice bran (523 mg/100g) could be achieved by the anaerobic storage at 30% EOW for 5h at 40 °C after an addition of glutamic acid (5mM). This amount was approximately 17 times higher than that in the control (30 mg/100g). The use of EOW also prevented bacterial growth by decreasing the colony counts almost by half.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Soo
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Human Ecology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Jung
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: limst@korea.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Seung-Taik
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Department of Foodservice Management and Nutrition, Sangmyung University, Seoul 110-743, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: vividew@smu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Jung-Ah
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D004572:Electrolysis; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis / Q000517:prevention & control; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods*; D005516:Food Microbiology; D061353:Food Storage; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000382:microbiology; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D013696:Temperature; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D014867:Water; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
keywords: Germinated brown rice; Glutamate decarboxylase (GAD); Rice bran; γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA)