title: Exposure assessment of 3-monochloropropane-1, 2-diol esters from edible oils and fats in China.
abstract: 3-monochoropropane-1, 2-diol (3-MCPD) esters from edible oils are considered to be a possible risk factor for adverse effects in human. In the present study, the exposure assessment of 3-MCPD esters to Chinese population was performed. A total of 143 edible oil and fat samples collected from Chinese markets were determined for the concentrations of 3-MCPD esters. The concentration data together with the data of fats consumed were analyzed by the point evaluation and probabilistic assessment for the exposure assessment. The point evaluation showed that the mean daily intake (DI) of 3-MCPD esters were lower than the value of provisional maximum tolerable daily intake (PMTDI) of 3-MCPD (2 µg/kg BW/d). The mean DI values in different age groups obtained from probabilistic assessment were similar to the results of the point evaluation. However, in high percentiles (95th, 97.5th, 99th), the DI values in all age groups were undesirably higher than the value of PMTDI. Overall, the children and adolescents exposed more to 3-MCPD esters than the adults. Uncertainty was also analyzed for the exposure assessment. Decreasing the level of 3-MCPD esters in edible oils and consuming less oil were top priority to minimize the risk of 3-MCPD esters.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China.
authors.forename: Chang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China.
authors.forename: Shao-Ping
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China.
authors.forename: Yong-Qiang
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China. Electronic address: myxie@ncu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Ming-Yong
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Xie
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002681:China; D003257:Consumer Product Safety; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis; D059022:Food Safety; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D055815:Young Adult; D000517:alpha-Chlorohydrin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000819:agonists / Q000031:analogs & derivatives
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D010938:Plant Oils; D000517:alpha-Chlorohydrin
keywords: 3-MCPD esters; Edible oil; Exposure assessment; Monte Carlo model; Point evaluation; Probabilistic assessment