title: Identification of potential biomarkers for clear cell renal cell carcinoma based on microRNA-mRNA pathway relationships.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in tumor genesis. miRNA dysregulation has been widely studied and demonstrated in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  We applied a newly proposed method for selecting miRNAs that discriminate between healthy controls and cancers. We initially extracted different miRNAs and mRNAs and then selected miRNA-mRNA dysregulation pairs. The pathways that involved mRNAs were acquired according to the functional enrichment. We integrated the miRNAs, mRNAs, and pathways and constructed the miRNA-mRNA pathway relationships based on the derived significant miRNAs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We acquired 566 antiregulated miRNA-mRNA pairs including 56 miRNAs and 485 mRNAs. Three significant pathways related to ccRCC, namely, arginine and proline metabolism, aldosterone-regulated sodium reabsorption, and oxidative phosphorylation, were observed. Based on the miRNA-mRNA pathway relationships, five significant miRNAs were identified as potential biomarkers: hsa-miR-425, hsa-miR-136, hsa-miR-335, hsa-miR-340, and hsa-miR-320d.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This integrative network approach revealed important miRNAs in the ccRCC that can identify specific disease biomarkers, which can be used as targets for cancer treatment.
authors.forename: Jun-Feng
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.forename: Kai-Ming
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Jiu-Xu
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: Shou-Nan
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: Department of Blood Purification, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning, China.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Department of Blood Purification, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning, China.
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics; D053263:Gene Regulatory Networks / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D010085:Oxidative Phosphorylation; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D035683:MicroRNAs; D012333:RNA, Messenger