title: Naringin ameliorates pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures and associated oxidative stress, inflammation, and cognitive impairment in rats: possible mechanisms of neuroprotection.
abstract: Oxidative stress and cognitive impairment are associated with PTZ-induced convulsions. Naringin is a bioflavonoid present in the grapefruit. It is a potent antioxidant, and we evaluated its effect on PTZ-induced convulsions. Rats were pretreated with normal saline, naringin (20, 40, and 80 mg/kg, i.p.), or diazepam (5mg/kg, i.p.) 30 min prior to the administration of PTZ. The administration of PTZ induced myoclonic jerks and generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTSs). We observed that naringin significantly prolonged the induction of myoclonic jerks dose-dependently. Naringin (80 mg/kg, i.p.) pretreatment protected all rats, and this protective effect was annulled by the GABAA receptor antagonist, flumazenil. In addition, naringin reduced brain MDA and TNF-α levels and conserved GSH. The pretreatment also enhanced the performance of rats in the passive avoidance task. Our observations highlight the antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and anticonvulsant potential of naringin. Also, naringin modulates the GABAA receptor to produce anticonvulsant effects and to ameliorate cognitive impairment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India; Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi 110070, India.
authors.forename: Mahaveer
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Golechha
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.
authors.forename: Vikas
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sarangal
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.
authors.forename: Jagriti
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bhatia
authors.affiliation: Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, India.
authors.forename: Uma
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Chaudhry
authors.affiliation: Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, India.
authors.forename: Daman
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Saluja
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India. Electronic address: dsarya16@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Dharmveer Singh
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Arya
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003292:Convulsants / Q000494:pharmacology; D044950:Flavanones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010433:Pentylenetetrazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D003292:Convulsants; D044950:Flavanones; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; C005274:naringin; D010433:Pentylenetetrazole
keywords: Cognitive impairment; Flumazenil; GABAergic; Naringin; PTZ; Seizures