title: The circadian clock machinery controls adiponectin expression.
abstract: Adiponectin, an adipokine involved in glucose and lipid metabolism, exhibits a circadian manner of expression. Adiponectin expression is mediated by the helix-loop-helix transcription factor sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)-1c. In this study, we tested whether the circadian clock helix-loop-helix transcription factors CLOCK and BMAL1 regulate adiponectin expression. We found that adiponectin expression is regulated by the clock through the circadian expression of its transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and its co-activator PPARγ co-activator 1α (PGC1α) in mouse white adipose tissue and differentiated adipocytes. In addition, reconstitution of the core clock mechanism and siRNA experiments in cell culture suggest that the clock directly activates the adiponectin promoter and mediates its expression. In summary, adiponectin expression is regulated by the circadian clock and through the circadian expression of its transcription factor PPARγ and its co-activator PGC1α.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
authors.forename: Maayan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barnea
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
authors.forename: Nava
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chapnik
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
authors.forename: Yoni
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Genzer
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12, Rehovot 76100, Israel. Electronic address: oren.froy@mail.huji.ac.il.
authors.forename: Oren
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Froy
mesh_terms: D056930:ARNTL Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000818:Animals; D056926:CLOCK Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D056930:ARNTL Transcription Factors; D052242:Adiponectin; C499919:Adipoq protein, mouse; C538961:Bmal1 protein, mouse; D047495:PPAR gamma; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; C485290:Ppargc1a protein, mouse; C497388:Srebf1 protein, mouse; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1; D014157:Transcription Factors; D056926:CLOCK Proteins; C538944:Clock protein, mouse
keywords: Adiponectin; Biological clock; Circadian rhythms; Diabetes; Insulin resistance; Promoter