title: Stress and anxiety: counterpart elements of the stress/anxiety complex.
abstract: The relationship between stress and anxiety is complicated. Stress initially arises from one's environment; anxiety overlays physiological arousal, cognitive appraisals, emotional states, and behavioral responses. Both are components of a stress-anxiety complex, which has evolved to enable individuals to adapt to their environment and achieve equilibrium. Anxiety disorders, which result when this mechanism goes awry, occur along a spectrum. One of the main variables affecting anxiety disorders is the extent of stress. Each anxiety disorder should be evaluated along a stress axis, leading to improved case conceptualization and intervention strategies.
authors.affiliation: UCLA Anxiety and Related Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 300 UCLA Medical Plaza, Room 2335, Los Angeles, CA 90095-6968, USA. Electronic address: abystritsky@mednet.ucla.edu.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bystritsky
authors.affiliation: UCLA Anxiety and Related Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 300 UCLA Medical Plaza, Room 2330, Los Angeles, CA 90095-6968, USA.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kronemyer
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: A-B-C model; Anxiety; Belief revision; Cognitive behavioral therapy; Escape/avoidance; Exposure/response prevention; Nonlinear dynamical psychiatry; Stress