title: Systematic chemical analysis of flavonoids in the Nelumbinis stamen.
abstract: The stamen of lotus, known as Nelumbinis stamen, has been used as the folk medicine and functional food for a long time, which showed good activities of anti-ulcer, anti-thrombosis, analgesic, anti-diarrhea, strengthen uterine contraction. The bioactivities of Nelumbinis stamen were attributed to the existence of flavonoids, its characteristic chemical constituents. A reliable method for comprehensive chemical analysis of flavonoids in Nelumbinis stamen by HPLC-DAD-MS was developed for the first time. The extraction protocol of flavonoids from Nelumbinis stamen was optimized by an orthogonal design. The chromatographic conditions were optimized, which exhibited similar level than that of the UHPLC platform allowing target compound identification in a shorter time with little solvent consumption. Moreover, similarity analysis, hierarchical clustering analysis and principal components analysis were successfully applied to demonstrate the variability of these Nelumbinis stamen samples.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine (Peking Union Medical College), Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
authors.forename: Jiushi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine (Peking Union Medical College), Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
authors.forename: Yaojie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine (Peking Union Medical College), Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine (Peking Union Medical College), Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
authors.forename: Yaodong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Xinjiang Institute of Chinese and Ethnic Medicine, Urumqi 830002, Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoguang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Bio-Medicine and Bio-Industry Office in Sanning City, Sanning 365000, Fujian Province, China.
authors.forename: Gangfeng
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Fujian Wenxin Lianye Food Co. Ltd., Jianning 354500, China.
authors.forename: Jingao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shuai
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine (Peking Union Medical College), Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; Xinjiang Institute of Chinese and Ethnic Medicine, Urumqi 830002, Xinjiang, China. Electronic address: htliu0718@126.com.
authors.forename: Haitao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine (Peking Union Medical College), Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China. Electronic address: bgzhang@implad.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Bengang
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine (Peking Union Medical College), Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
authors.forename: Peigen
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Xiao
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry*; D035264:Flowers / Q000737:chemistry*; D000070116:Lotus / Q000737:chemistry*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids
keywords: Chemometrics; Flavonoids; HPLC–DAD–MS; Nelumbinis stamen; Quality evaluation