title: Strut penetration: local complications, breakthrough pulmonary embolism, and retrieval failure in patients with Celect vena cava filters.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate strut penetration in patients with Celect filters, specifically local complications and association with breakthrough pulmonary embolism (PE) or retrieval failure.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective single-center study was conducted to evaluate patients who received Celect filters between January 2007 and May 2013. A total of 595 filters were placed during the study period. Primary indications included thromboembolic disease (93%) and primary surgical prophylaxis (7%). Complications and retrieval data were assessed by computed tomography (CT) and electronic medical records.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 193 patients underwent follow-up abdominal CT at a mean follow-up interval of 176.2 days (range, 0-1,739 d). The rate of strut penetration more than 3 mm outside the caval wall was 28.5% (n = 55). One patient had CT evidence of clinically major strut penetration (1.8%) with strut compression of the right ureter causing hydronephrosis. Indwelling filter time longer than 100 days was associated with strut penetration (P < .001). Age, sex, and history of thromboembolic disease were not associated with strut penetration (P = .51, P = .81, and P = .89). Sixty-three patients presented for follow-up CT pulmonary angiography at a mean of 128.1 days (range, 1-895 d). The rate of breakthrough PE was 12.7%. The overall retrieval success rate was 96.7% (n = 150). Strut penetration was not associated with breakthrough PE or retrieval failure (P = .49 and P = .22).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although strut penetration is a common complication with Celect filters, there is no association with breakthrough PE or retrieval failure. CT evidence of local complications associated with strut penetration is rare.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., MC 2026, Chicago, IL 60637. Electronic address: abos1210@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Aaron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bos
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., MC 2026, Chicago, IL 60637.
authors.forename: Thuong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Van Ha
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., MC 2026, Chicago, IL 60637.
authors.forename: Darren
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: van Beek
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., MC 2026, Chicago, IL 60637.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ginsburg
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., MC 2026, Chicago, IL 60637.
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zangan
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., MC 2026, Chicago, IL 60637.
authors.forename: Rakesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Navuluri
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., MC 2026, Chicago, IL 60637.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lorenz
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., MC 2026, Chicago, IL 60637.
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Funaki
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D020878:Device Removal / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D011475:Prosthesis Failure; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016306:Vena Cava Filters / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014682:Vena Cava, Inferior / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000293:injuries*; D055815:Young Adult