title: [Orbital inflammation].
abstract: Orbital inflammation is a generic term encompassing inflammatory pathologies affecting all structures within the orbit : anterior (involvement up to the posterior aspect of the globe), diffuse (involvement of intra- and/or extraconal fat), apical (involvement of the posterior orbit), myositis (involvement of only the extraocular muscles), dacryoadenitis (involvement of the lacrimal gland). We distinguish between specific inflammation and non-specific inflammation, commonly referred to as idiopathic inflammation. Specific orbital inflammation corresponds to a secondary localization of a "generalized" disease (systemic or auto-immune). Idiopathic orbital inflammation corresponds to uniquely orbital inflammation without generalized disease, and thus an unknown etiology. At the top of the differential diagnosis for specific or idiopathic orbital inflammation are malignant tumors, represented most commonly in the adult by lympho-proliferative syndromes and metastases. Treatment of specific orbital inflammation begins with treatment of the underlying disease. For idiopathic orbital inflammation, treatment (most often corticosteroids) is indicated above all in cases of visual loss due to optic neuropathy, in the presence of pain or oculomotor palsy.
authors.affiliation: Service d'ophtalmologie, CHU Rennes, 2, rue Henri-Le-Guilloux, 35033 Rennes cedex 9, France. Electronic address: frederic.mouriaux@chu-rennes.fr.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mouriaux
authors.affiliation: Service d'ophtalmologie, CHU Caen, avenue de la Côte-de-Nacre, Caen, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Coffin-Pichonnet
authors.affiliation: Service d'ophtalmologie, CHU Limoges, 2, avenue Martin-Luther-King, 87000 Limoges, France.
authors.forename: P-Y
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Robert
authors.affiliation: Service de médecine interne, hôpital Avicenne, 125, rue de Stalingrad, 93009 Bobigny cedex, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abad
authors.affiliation: Service de médecine interne, CHU Caen, avenue de la Côte-de-Nacre, Caen, France.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Martin-Silva
mesh_terms: D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D003607:Dacryocystitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D014890:Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D009916:Orbital Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D016727:Orbital Pseudotumor / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy
keywords: Biopsie; Biopsy; Corticoïdes; Granulomatose; Granulomatous; Idiopathic; Idiopathique; Inflammation; Orbit; Orbite; Steroids