title: Risk factors of cerebral microbleeds in strictly deep or lobar brain regions differed.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  T2*-weighted gradient echo magnetic resonance imaging is sensitive in detecting cerebral microbleeds (MBs), but there are few reports on the risk factors of MBs in different brain regions. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether the risk factors associated with the presence of MBs in strictly deep or lobar brain regions were different.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study consisted of 696 consecutive acute ischemic stroke patients from 6 hospitals in the Chinese IntraCranial AtheroSclerosis Study. We evaluated the number and location of MBs, severity of lacune and leukoaraiosis (LA), and etiologic subtype of ischemic stroke. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze risk factors of MBs in different brain regions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 696 acute ischemic stroke patients, 162 patients (23.3%) had MBs. Of them, 62 patients had strictly deep brain MBs, 49 patients had strictly lobar MBs. There was a significant correlation between the number of MBs, the number of lacune, and the severity of LA (P < .0001). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, both strictly deep and strictly lobar brain, MBs were significantly associated with history of cerebral hemorrhage (P = .037 and P = .026, respectively), presence of lacune (P = .004 and P = .032, respectively), and severe LA (P = .002 and P = .008, respectively). However, MBs in strictly deep regions were significantly associated with higher mean arterial pressure (P = .030), and those in strictly lobar brain regions were significantly associated with older age (P = .023).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The risk factors of MBs in strictly deep or lobar regions differ modestly, which may be related to heterogeneous vascular pathologic changes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Changqing
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Zixiao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yilong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xingquan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Chunxue
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Liping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yuehua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xinying
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yuesong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Wanliang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jing
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Dongxue
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Ka Sing
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China. Electronic address: yongjunwang1962@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Yongjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020300:Intracranial Hemorrhages / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: Microbleeds; cerebral small vessel diseases; magnetic resonance imaging; risk factors