title: Modeling human liver cancer heterogeneity: virally induced transgenic models and mouse genetic models of chronic liver inflammation.
abstract: In addition to being the most common primary liver cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related death in humans. Treatment options are limited for this chemoresistant cancer, with liver transplantation and surgical intervention in early stages being the most successful treatments. Drug development over the past 15 years has focused on generating mouse models that mimic the human pathology for HCC. This has enabled the laboratory testing of potentially new human therapeutics. Described in this unit are the classification of HCC and an overview of hepatitis virus-related transgenic and genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) that are employed for elucidating the mechanism(s) responsible for the development of HCC, with particular emphasis on genetic, dietary, and environmental factors.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Virology, München, Germany.|2nd Medical Department, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany.|German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), München, Germany.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ringelhan
authors.affiliation: Institute of Virology, München, Germany.
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Reisinger
authors.affiliation: Institute of Virology, München, Germany.
authors.forename: Detian
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Institute of Surgical Pathology, Zürich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Achim
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.affiliation: Institute of Virology, München, Germany.
authors.forename: Mathias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heikenwalder
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D056487:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury, Chronic / Q000235:genetics*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006520:Hepatitis, Animal / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000821:virology; D018345:Mice, Knockout / Q000235:genetics; D008822:Mice, Transgenic / Q000235:genetics; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation
keywords: HCC; chronic liver inflammation; liver cancer; modeling human disease; mouse model