title: Extraesophageal saline during endoscopic submucosal dissection in a patient with early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: Saline submucosal injection (SSI) is an indispensable procedure before endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in patients with early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Successful SSI should create a saline cushion in the submucosa rather than elsewhere. However, saline outside the esophagus was detected incidentally by endoscopic ultrasonography during ESD in a patient with early esophageal cancer. In this case, saline separated the esophageal adventitia from adjacent tissues, and there were no complications during or after ESD. This finding indicates that it is possible to use interventional extraesophageal saline injection to help differentiate advanced esophageal cancer of Stage T3 from Stage T4 by endoscopic ultrasonography.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: lijj@sysucc.org.cn.
authors.forename: Jian-jun
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Hong-bo
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Shan
authors.affiliation: Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Long-jun
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Guang-yu
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Li-ming
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Guo-liang
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D004210:Dissection / Q000379:methods*; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D019160:Endosonography / Q000379:methods*; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D000077277:Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma; D004945:Esophagoscopy; D004947:Esophagus; D005119:Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging / Q000379:methods*; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D012965:Sodium Chloride