title: Application of β-cyclodextrin-modified, carbon nanotube-reinforced hollow fiber to solid-phase microextraction of plant hormones.
abstract: A new, efficient, and environmental friendly solid-phase microextraction (SPME) medium based on β-cyclodextrin (β-CD)-modified carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and a hollow fiber (HF) was prepared. Functionalized β-CD was covalently linked to the surface of the carboxylic CNTs and then the obtained nanocomposite was immobilized into the wall pores of HFs under ultrasonic-assisted effect. The scanning electron microscope was used to inspect surface characteristics of fibers, demonstrating the presence of nanocomposites in their wall pores. The reinforced HF was employed in SPME, and its extraction performance was evaluated by analyzing 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA) in vegetables. Without any tedious clean-up procedure, analytes were extracted from the sample to the adsorbent and organic solvent immobilized in HFs and then desorbed in acetonitrile prior to chromatographic analysis. Under the optimized extraction conditions, the method provided 275- and 283-fold enrichment factors of NAA and 2-NOA, low limits of detection and quantification (at an ngg(-1) level), satisfactory spiked recoveries, good inter-fiber repeatability, and batch-to-batch reproducibility. The selectivity of the developed fiber was investigated to three structurally similar compounds and two reference compounds with recognition coefficients up to 3.18. The obtained results indicate that the newly developed fiber is a feasible, selective, green, and cost-effective microextraction medium and could be successfully applied for extraction and determination of naphthalene-derived plant hormones in complex matrices.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources of the CAS and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, PR China.
authors.forename: Xin-Yue
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources of the CAS and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources of the CAS and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China. Electronic address: chenjuan@licp.cas.cn.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources of the CAS and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China. Electronic address: shiyp@licp.cas.cn.
authors.forename: Yan-Ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D006016:Glycolates / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D009280:Naphthaleneacetic Acids / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction / Q000379:methods*; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D006016:Glycolates; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D009280:Naphthaleneacetic Acids; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins; C034182:1-naphthaleneacetic acid; C008586:2-naphthoxyacetic acid; C031215:betadex
keywords: Carbon nanotubes; Hollow fiber; Plant hormones; Solid-phase microextraction; Tomato analysis; β-Cyclodextrin