title: Amantadine preserves dopamine level and attenuates depression-like behavior induced by traumatic brain injury in rats.
abstract: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) often results in multiple neuropsychiatric sequelae, including cognitive, emotional, and behavioral problems. Among them, depression is a common psychiatric symptom, and links to poorer recovery. Amantadine, as an antiparkinsonian, increases dopamine release, and blocks dopamine reuptake, but has recently received attention for its effectiveness as an antidepressant. In the present study, we first induced a post-TBI depression rat model to probe the efficacy of amantadine therapy in reducing post-TBI depression. The DA concentration in the striatum of the injured rats, as well as the degeneration and apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN), were checked along with the depression-like behavior. The results showed that amantadine therapy could significantly ameliorate the depression-like behavior, improving the DA level in the striatum and decreasing the degeneration and apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons in the SN. The results indicated that the anti-depression effect may result from the increase of extracellular DA concentration in the striatum and/or the indirect neuroprotection on the dopaminergic neurons in the SN. We conclude that DA plays a critical role in post-TBI depression, and that amantadine shows its potential value in anti-depression treatment for TBI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China. Electronic address: tracy200712@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China. Electronic address: mudan13868@126.com.
authors.forename: Hongfei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China. Electronic address: juntang881025@sina.com.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China. Electronic address: 87848946@qq.com.
authors.forename: Chuhua
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China. Electronic address: 510149003@qq.com.
authors.forename: Wangsheng
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Duanmu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China. Electronic address: yujiechen6886@foxmail.com.
authors.forename: Yujie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China. Electronic address: huchrong@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Experimental Center of Basic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China. Electronic address: jfsui2003@163.com.
authors.forename: Jianfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sui
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China. Electronic address: shenwai@tmmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China. Electronic address: fenghua8888@aliyun.com.cn.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Feng
mesh_terms: D000547:Amantadine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications*; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D059290:Dopaminergic Neurons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013378:Substantia Nigra / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D000547:Amantadine; D004298:Dopamine
keywords: Amantadine; Depression; Dopamine; Nigrostriatal pathway; Traumatic brain injury