title: The influence of sexual orientation and sexual role on male grooming-related injuries and infections.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pubic hair grooming is a common practice in the United States and coincides with prevalence of grooming-related injuries. Men who have sex with men (MSM) groom more frequently than men who have sex with women (MSW). We aim to characterize the influence of sexual orientation and sexual role on grooming behavior, injuries, and infections in men in the United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a nationally representative survey of noninstitutionalized adults aged 18-65 residing in the United States. We examined the prevalence and risk factors of injuries and infections that occur as a result of personal grooming.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 4,062 men who completed the survey, 3,176 (78.2%) report having sex with only women (MSW), 198 (4.9%) report sex with men (MSM), and 688 (16.9%) report not being sexually active. MSM are more likely to groom (42.5% vs. 29.0%, P < 0.001) and groom more around the anus, scrotum, and penile shaft compared with MSW. MSM receptive partners groom more often (50.9% vs. 26.9%, P = 0.005) and groom more for sex (85.3% vs. 51.9%, P < 0.001) compared with MSM insertive partners. MSM report more injuries to the anus (7.0% vs. 1.0%, P < 0.001), more grooming-related infections (7.0% vs. 1.0%, P < 0.001) and abscesses (8.8% vs. 2.5%, P = 0.010), as well as lifetime sexually transmitted infections (STIs) (1.65 vs. 1.45, P = 0.038) compared with MSW. More receptive partners report grooming at the time of their STI infection (52.2% vs. 14.3%, P < 0.001) compared with insertive partners.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sexual orientation, and in particular sexual role, may influence male grooming behavior and impact grooming-related injuries and infections. Anogenital grooming may put one at risk for an STI. Healthcare providers should be aware of different grooming practices in order to better educate safe depilatory practices (i.e., the use of electric razors for anogenital grooming) in patients of all sexual orientations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Gaither
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Truesdale
authors.forename: Catherine R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: Amjad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alwaal
authors.forename: Alan W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Shindel
authors.forename: Isabel E
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: Benjamin N
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Breyer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001003:Anal Canal / Q000293:injuries; D000818:Animals; D003625:Data Collection; D005783:Gender Identity; D005837:Genitalia, Male / Q000293:injuries; D018451:Homosexuality, Male / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D006920:Hygiene; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014946:Wound Infection / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Grooming; HIV; Injury; Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM); Sexual Role; Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI)