title: Dynamic reciprocity in cell-scaffold interactions.
abstract: Tissue engineering in urology has shown considerable promise. However, there is still much to understand, particularly regarding the interactions between scaffolds and their host environment, how these interactions regulate regeneration and how they may be enhanced for optimal tissue repair. In this review, we discuss the concept of dynamic reciprocity as applied to tissue engineering, i.e. how bi-directional signaling between implanted scaffolds and host tissues such as the bladder drives the process of constructive remodeling to ensure successful graft integration and tissue repair. The impact of scaffold content and configuration, the contribution of endogenous and exogenous bioactive factors, the influence of the host immune response and the functional interaction with mechanical stimulation are all considered. In addition, the temporal relationships of host tissue ingrowth, bioactive factor mobilization, scaffold degradation and immune cell infiltration, as well as the reciprocal signaling between discrete cell types and scaffolds are discussed. Improved understanding of these aspects of tissue repair will identify opportunities for optimization of repair that could be exploited to enhance regenerative medicine strategies for urology in future studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Joshua R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Mauney
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Electronic address: rosalyn.adam@childrens.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Rosalyn M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Adam
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D048091:Guided Tissue Regeneration / Q000379:methods; D006789:Host vs Graft Reaction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D010455:Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000276:immunology / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D010455:Peptides
keywords: Acellular matrix; Cell-seeded construct; Constructive remodeling; Host response; Tissue engineering; Urology