title: A review on recent developments of indole-containing antiviral agents.
abstract: Indole represents one of the most important privileged scaffolds in drug discovery. Indole derivatives have the unique property of mimicking the structure of peptides and to bind reversibly to enzymes, which provide tremendous opportunities to discover novel drugs with different modes of action. There are seven indole-containing commercial drugs in the Top-200 Best Selling Drugs by US Retail Sales in 2012. There are also an amazing number of approved indole-containing drugs in the market as well as compounds currently going through different clinical phases or registration statuses. This review focused on the recent development of indole derivatives as antiviral agents with the following objectives: 1) To present one of the most comprehensive listings of indole antiviral agents, drugs on market or compounds in clinical trials; 2) To focus on recent developments of indole compounds (including natural products) and their antiviral activities, summarize the structure property, hoping to inspire new and even more creative approaches; 3) To offer perspectives on how indole scaffolds as a privileged structure might be exploited in the future.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China.
authors.forename: Ming-Zhi
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China. Electronic address: qchen@mail.ccnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Qiong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjing 30071, PR China. Electronic address: gfyang@mail.ccnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Guang-Fu
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D055808:Drug Discovery / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011358:Product Surveillance, Postmarketing; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D007211:Indoles
keywords: Antiviral activity; Entry and fusion inhibitor; Indole; Integrase inhibitor; Natural product; Polymerase inhibitor; Protease inhibitor; Reverse transcriptase inhibitor