title: The history of the United States Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP).
abstract: The United States Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) is a federal advisory committee that develops written recommendations for use of vaccines licensed by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the U.S. civilian population. Vaccine development and disease outbreaks contributed to the need for a systematized, science-based, formal mechanism for establishing national immunization policy in this country. Formed in 1964, the ACIP was charged with this role. The committee has undergone significant changes in structure and operational activities during its 50-year history. The ACIP works closely with many liaison organizations to develop its immunization recommendations, which are harmonized among key professional medical societies. ACIP vaccine recommendations form two immunization schedules, which are updated annually: (1) the childhood and adolescent immunization schedule and (2) the adult immunization schedule. Today, once ACIP recommendations are adopted by the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services, these recommendations are published in Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), become official policy, and are incorporated into the appropriate immunization schedule.
authors.affiliation: Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, United States(1).
authors.forename: L Reed
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Walton
authors.affiliation: Emory Vaccine Center, Influenza Pathogenesis & Immunology Research, Emory University School of Medicine, United States.
authors.forename: Walter A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Orenstein
authors.affiliation: National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, United States; Emory University School of Medicine, United States. Electronic address: lpickering@cdc.gov.
authors.forename: Larry K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Pickering
mesh_terms: D026683:Advisory Committees / Q000266:history*; D003140:Communicable Disease Control / Q000266:history* / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006291:Health Policy; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006801:Humans; D017589:Immunization Programs / Q000266:history*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: ACIP; Adult immunization schedule; Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices; Biologics; Catch-up schedule; Childhood immunization schedule; Harmonized schedule; History; Immunization; Legislation; MMR; Measles; Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act; Recommendations; Rubella; Vaccination; Vaccine development; Vaccine licensing; Vaccine safety; Vaccines for Children Program; Vaccinology