title: Lung epithelial NOX/DUOX and respiratory virus infections.
abstract: Determining the role of NADPH oxidases in the context of virus infection is an emerging area of research and our knowledge is still sparse. The expression of various isoforms of NOX/DUOX (NADPH oxidase/dual oxidase) in the epithelial cells (ECs) lining the respiratory tract renders them primary sites from which to orchestrate the host defence against respiratory viruses. Accumulating evidence reveals distinct facets of the involvement of NOX/DUOX in host antiviral and pro-inflammatory responses and in the control of the epithelial barrier integrity, with individual isoforms mediating co-operative, but surprisingly also opposing, functions. Although in vivo studies in mice are in line with some of these observations, a complete understanding of the specific functions of epithelial NOX/DUOX awaits lung epithelial-specific conditional knockout mice. The goal of the present review is to summarize our current knowledge of the role of individual NOX/DUOX isoforms expressed in the lung epithelium in the context of respiratory virus infections so as to highlight potential opportunities for therapeutic intervention.
authors.affiliation: *CRCHUM-Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada, H2X 0A9.
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Grandvaux
authors.affiliation: *CRCHUM-Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada, H2X 0A9.
authors.forename: Mélissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mariani
authors.affiliation: *CRCHUM-Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada, H2X 0A9.
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fink
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000074623:Dual Oxidases; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000276:immunology; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology*; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000276:immunology*; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000276:immunology; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D007527:Isoenzymes; D000074623:Dual Oxidases; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; C519130:Duox1 protein, mouse