title: Effect of Bidens pilosa on infection and drug resistance of Eimeria in chickens.
abstract: Extensive use of current anti-coccidial drugs together with drug resistance and residue has raised concerns about public health and poultry development. Here, we studied the anti-coccidial properties of Bidens pilosa. A phytochemical approach was developed for analysis of B. pilosa utilized as a feed additive. The protective effects of B. pilosa supplemented chicken diet were evaluated chickens infected with Eimeria tenella. B. pilosa, at doses of 0.5%, 1% and 5% of the chicken diet, significantly protected against E.tenella as measured by reduction in mortality, weight loss, fecal oocyst excretion and gut pathology in chickens. Finally, drug resistance of E. tenella to B. pilosa was assessed in chickens using the anti-coccidial index. This index showed that B. pilosa induced little, if any, drug resistance to Eimeria in chickens. Collectively, this work suggests that B. pilosa may serve as a novel, natural remedy for coccidiosis with low drug resistance in chickens.
authors.affiliation: Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taiwan; Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan.
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Y J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Tien
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan.
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Y C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan.
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Chiou
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan.
authors.forename: S Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan.
authors.forename: H Y
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taiwan.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan. Electronic address: ltchang@nchu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: C L T
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D031176:Bidens / Q000737:chemistry*; D002645:Chickens; D003048:Coccidiosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*; D003049:Coccidiostats / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004351:Drug Resistance / Q000187:drug effects*; D016786:Eimeria tenella / Q000502:physiology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000469:parasitology
chemical_list: D003049:Coccidiostats; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Anti-coccidia; Bidens pilosa; Chicken; Coccidiosis; Eimeria