title: Bisphenol diglycidyl ethers and bisphenol A and their hydrolysis in drinking water.
abstract: Epoxy coatings are commonly used to protect the interior (and exterior) surfaces of water mains and storage tanks and can be used on the interior surfaces of water pipes in homes, hospitals, hotels, and other buildings. Common major components of epoxies include bisphenols, such as bisphenol A (BPA) or bisphenol F (BPF), and their reactive prepolymers, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE), respectively. There currently are health concerns about the safety of BPA and BPF due to known estrogenic effects. Determination of key bisphenol leachates, development of a hydrolysis model, and identification of stable hydrolysis products will aid in assessment of human bisphenol exposure through ingestion of drinking water. Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) was used for quantitation of key analytes, and a pseudo-first order kinetic approach was used for modeling. In fill-and-dump studies on epoxy-coated pipe specimens, BADGE and a BPA-like compound were identified as leachates. The BADGE hydrolysis model predicts BADGE half-lives at pH 7 and 15, 25, 35, and 40 °C to be 11, 4.6, 2.0, and 1.4 days respectively; the BFDGE half-life was 5 days at pH 7 and 25 °C. The two identified BADGE hydrolysis products are BADGE-H2O and BADGE 2H2O, with BADGE 2H2O being the final end product under the conditions studied.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 2010 Malott Hall, 1251 Wescoe Drive, Lawrence, KS 66045, United States.
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Lane
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Utah State University, 4110 Old Main Hill, EL 211D, Logan, UT 84322-4110, United States. Electronic address: craig.adams@usu.edu.
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Kansas, 2150 Learned Hall, 1530 W 15th St., Lawrence, KS 66045, United States.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Randtke
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Kansas, 2150 Learned Hall, 1530 W 15th St., Lawrence, KS 66045, United States.
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Carter
mesh_terms: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D060766:Drinking Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D004852:Epoxy Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006207:Half-Life; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007700:Kinetics; D057230:Limit of Detection; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry*; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D060766:Drinking Water; D004852:Epoxy Compounds; D010636:Phenols; C019273:bisphenol A diglycidyl ether; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds; C006780:bisphenol A; C423722:bisphenol F diglycidyl ether
keywords: Bisphenol A; Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether; Drinking water; Epoxy; Hydrolysis