title: Effects of lead on tolerance, bioaccumulation, and antioxidative defense system of green algae, Cladophora.
abstract: Effects of various concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10.0 mg/L) of lead (Pb(2+)) on the growth, bioaccumulation, and antioxidative defense system of green algae, Cladophora, was investigated. Low concentrations of Pb(2+) accelerated Cladophora growth, but concentrations of 10.0 mg/L and above inhibited the growth because of the hinderance to photosynthesis. The total soluble sugar content of Cladophora was affected by Pb(2+) treatment, but the protein content showed no significant changes. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content and peroxidase(POD) activity of Cladophora gradually increased whereas superoxide dismutase(SOD) decreased with Pb(2+) concentrations. Catalase (CAT) activity exhibited no significant changes following Pb(2+) treatment. Pb(2+) accumulated in Cladophora and that the lead content in Cladophora was correlated with POD growth, MDA, and Metallothionein (MT). POD and MT play a role in the survival of Cladophora in Pb-contaminated environments. This study suggests that Cladophora can be a choice organism for the phytoremediation of Pb-polluted coastal areas.
authors.affiliation: School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: cdj@ahau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: De-ju
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiao-dong
authors.initials: XD
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Pan-pan
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hui-min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Juan-wei
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yue-gan
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Liang
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D000460:Chlorophyta / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000502:physiology; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D007854:Lead / Q000633:toxicity*; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D007854:Lead; D008668:Metallothionein
keywords: Antioxidative defense; Bioaccumulation; Cladophora; Growth; Pb(2+); Physiological characteristic