title: Prognostic role of heart-type fatty acid binding protein in pulmonary embolism: a meta-analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pulmonary embolism (PE) has a high morbidity and mortality. Hence it is important to recognize factors associated with higher risk of adverse outcomes in hemodynamically stable patients. Heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) is a novel marker evaluated in recent years for prognosis in acute PE. Our aim was to evaluate the available evidence on the accuracy of H-FABP for predicting the prognosis of adverse clinical outcomes (defined as the occurrence of any of the following: death, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, endotracheal intubation, use of vasopressors, thrombolysis, surgical embolectomy, or admission to the intensive care unit) or mortality in patients with acute PE.
  
  
  METHODS
  Unrestricted searches of PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Science Direct were performed using the terms of "H-FABP" or "heart-type fatty acid binding protein" and ("pulmonary embolism" or "pulmonary thromboembolism"). A random-effect model was used to pool study results; χ(2) and I(2) testing was used to test for heterogeneity. Data of six studies were included in this analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  34 of 119(28.57%; 95%CI, 20.42%-36.72%) patients with elevated H-FABP levels had adverse events during follow-up compared with 24 of 475 (5.05%; 95%CI, 3.08%-7.02%) patients with normal levels. High H-FABP levels were associated with a high risk of occurrence of adverse clinical outcome (pooled OR, 10.81; 95%CI, 3.92-29.83).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this meta-analysis indicate that H-FABP is a good predictor for adverse outcomes in patients with acute PE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China.
authors.forename: Mingjie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Yankuang Group General Hospital, Jining 272000, China.
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care Unit, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Nanjing 210000, China.
authors.forename: Xianming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoxi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shan
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China.
authors.forename: Dianjie
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China. Electronic address: llqysys1114@163.com.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000465:Algorithms; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D000074026:Fatty Acid Binding Protein 3; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000378:metabolism*; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C493408:FABP3 protein, human; D000074026:Fatty Acid Binding Protein 3; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins
keywords: Adverse clinical outcome; Heart-type fatty acid binding protein; Pulmonary embolism