title: Anti-inflammatory activity on mice of extract of Ganoderma lucidum grown on rice via modulation of MAPK and NF-κB pathways.
abstract: Ganoderma lucidum is a popular medicinal mushroom with anti-inflammatory potential. In the present study, the aim was to determine the anti-inflammatory effect and mode of action of G. lucidum grown on germinated brown rice (GLBR) in a mouse model of colitis. It was shown that GLBR suppressed the production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages and decreased the expression of COX-2, TNF-α, iNOS, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 mRNAs. GLBR also inhibited activation of p38, ERK, JNK, MAPKs, and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB). In a mouse model of colitis, colonic mucosal injury was evaluated using macroscopic, biochemical, and histopathological testing. Disease activity index (DAI), macroscopic score, and histological score significantly decreased upon GLBR treatment. Moreover, immunofluorescence studies indicated that DSS activates nuclear translocation of NF-κB in colon tissue, which is attenuated by GLBR extract. These findings suggest that GLBR is protective against colitis via inhibition of MAPK phosphorylation and NF-κB activation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Biochemistry, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Md Abul
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hasnat
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Biochemistry, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Mehnaz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pervin
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Biochemistry, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyu Min
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Cha
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Biochemistry, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Si Kwan
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Biochemistry, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: beongou@kku.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Beong Ou
authors.initials: BO
authors.lastname: Lim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D016753:Interleukin-10; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000276:immunology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D012275:Oryza / Q000382:microbiology*; D020940:Reishi / Q000737:chemistry*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; C508609:IL10 protein, human; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D016753:Interleukin-10; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D015232:Dinoprostone
keywords: Ganoderma lucidum; Ganodermataceae; Inflammatory bowel disease; Mitogen-activated protein kinase; Nuclear factor-kappa B; Rice