title: Sensibility of a new instrument to assess clinical reasoning in post-graduate orthopaedic manual physical therapy education.
abstract: Sound application of clinical reasoning (CR) by the physical therapist is critical to achieving optimal patient outcomes. As such, it is important for institutions granting certification in orthopaedic manual physical therapy (OMPT) to ensure that the assessment of CR is sufficiently robust. At present, the dearth of validated instruments to assess CR in OMPT presents a serious challenge to certifying institutions. Moreover, the lack of documentation of the development process for instruments that measure CR pose additional challenges. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the sensibility of a newly developed instrument for assessing written responses to a test of CR in OMPT; a 'pilot' phase that examines instrument feasibility and acceptability. Using a sequential mixed-methods approach, Canadian OMPT examiners were recruited to first review and use the instrument. Participants completed a sensibility questionnaire followed by semi-structured interviews, the latter of which were used to elaborate on questionnaire responses regarding feasibility and acceptability. Eleven examiners completed the questionnaire and interviews. Questionnaire results met previously established sensibility criteria, while interview data revealed participants' (dis)comfort with exerting their own judgment and with the rating scale. Quantitative and qualitative data provided valuable insight regarding content validity and issues related to efficiency in assessing CR competence; all of which will ultimately inform further psychometric testing. While results suggest that the new instrument for assessing clinical reasoning in the Canadian certification context is sensible, future research should explore how rater judgment can be utilized effectively and the mental workload associated with appraising clinical reasoning.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Toronto, Canada; The Wilson Centre for Research in Education, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada. Electronic address: euson.yeung@utoronto.ca.
authors.forename: Euson
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yeung
authors.affiliation: The Wilson Centre for Research in Education, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Woods
authors.affiliation: Division of Emergency Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, Canada.
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dubrowski
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Vice-President Education, University Health Network, Canada; Wilson Centre for Research in Education Richard and Elizabeth Currie Chair in Health Professions Education Research, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hodges
authors.affiliation: School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, Canada.
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Carnahan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002170:Canada; D002321:Career Choice; D002568:Certification / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002983:Clinical Competence; D004500:Education, Graduate; D004521:Educational Measurement; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008349:Manipulation, Orthopedic / Q000379:methods*; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities / Q000193:education*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012494:Sampling Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Certification; Clinical reasoning; Manual therapy; Sensibility