title: Membrane-mediated actions of 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3: a review of the roles of phospholipase A2 activating protein and Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II.
abstract: The secosteroid 1α,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 [1α,25(OH)2D3] acts on cells via classical steroid hormone receptor-mediated gene transcription and by initiating rapid membrane-mediated signaling pathways. In its membrane-initiated pathway, after 1α,25(OH)2D3 interacts with protein disulfide isomerase, family A, member 3 (Pdia3) in caveolae, phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and protein kinase C (PKC) are activated. Recent efforts to determine the signaling proteins involved in the 1α,25(OH)2D3 signal from Pdia3 to PLA2 have indicated that phospholipase A2 activating protein (PLAA) and Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) are required. PLAA is located in caveolae, where it interacts with Pdia3 and caveolin-1 (Cav-1) to initiate rapid signaling via CaMKII, activating PLA2, leading to activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and PKC-dependent responses.
authors.affiliation: School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Doroudi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA; Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78284, USA.
authors.forename: Zvi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.affiliation: School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA; Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
authors.forename: Barbara D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Boyan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000378:metabolism*; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D020868:Gene Silencing; D006801:Humans; D054467:Phospholipases A2 / Q000378:metabolism; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins; C055324:phospholipase A2-activating protein; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D002117:Calcitriol
keywords: 1α,25(OH)(2)D(3); Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II; PDIA3; PLA(2); PLAA; Protein kinase C