title: Verbal school bullying and life satisfaction among Brazilian adolescents: profiles of the aggressor and the victim.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bullying is a common occurrence in adolescence that may damage the physical and emotional health.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the present cross-sectional study was to analyze the profile of the adolescent aggressor only, aggressor/victim, victim only, and those not involved in verbal school bullying, and to associate their profiles with life satisfaction and familial characteristics evaluated through socioeconomic status.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study was carried out with 366 Brazilian adolescents between 13 and 15years. Verbal school bullying was identified using the Brazilian National School-Based Adolescent Health Survey (PeNSE) questionnaire. The life satisfaction of the adolescents was assessed using the Multidimensional Life Satisfaction Scale for Adolescents (MLSSA). Statistical analyses involved the chi-square test, Fisher's exact test and the Poisson regression with robust variance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-six adolescents (18%) were aggressors, 5.5% were victims, 2.7% were both aggressor and victim, and 73.8% were not involved in verbal school bullying. Most aggressors were male (PR=1.97, 95% CI: 1.23-3.14) and were satisfied with their family life (PR=2.13, 95% CI: 1.18-3.8). Victims of verbal school bullying exhibited a low prevalence of non-violence (PR=0.24, 95% CI: 0.09-0.64). Those who were both aggressors and victims were associated with factors of family support (PR=0.25, 95% CI: 0.07-0.89) and self-efficacy (PR=6.29, 95% CI: 1.54-25.6). Most of the adolescents who were not involved in verbal school bullying were female (PR=1.32, 95% CI: 1.16-1.51).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Boys tend to be aggressors and girls tend not to get involved in verbal school bullying. Family satisfaction, self-esteem, self-efficacy, and levels of violence are important factors that can influence the profile of adolescents in relation to verbal school bullying.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Electronic address: juniaserranegra@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Júnia Maria
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Serra-Negra
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Electronic address: smpaiva@uol.com.br.
authors.forename: Saul Martins
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Paiva
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Electronic address: crysbendo@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Cristiane Baccin
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Bendo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Electronic address: lifulgencio@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Lívia Bonfim
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Fulgêncio
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Electronic address: carolcm10@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Carolina Freitas
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Lage
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Electronic address: patriciafaria.faria09@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Patrícia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Corrêa-Faria
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Electronic address: isabela.pordeus@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Isabela Almeida
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Pordeus
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000523:psychology; D016739:Behavior, Addictive / Q000523:psychology*; D001938:Brazil; D058445:Bullying / Q000523:psychology*; D019548:Crime Victims / Q000523:psychology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology*; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D008297:Male; D009769:Object Attachment; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology*; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D012649:Self Concept; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology; D061108:Social Media; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires