title: Informed decision making among first-degree relatives of prostate cancer survivors: a pilot randomized trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  First degree relatives (FDRs) of men diagnosed with prostate cancer (PCa) are at increased risk for developing the disease, due in part to multiple concurrent risk factors. There is a lack of innovative targeted decision aids to help FDRs make an informed decision about whether or not to undergo PCa screening.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This randomized pilot trial evaluated the efficacy of a targeted PCa screening decision aid in unaffected FDRs of PCa survivors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-eight Black and White FDRs were randomized to one of two decision aid groups; 39 to a FDR-targeted decision aid and 39 to a general decision aid. The targeted decision aid group received a general PCa decision aid booklet plus a newly developed decision aid DVD targeted specifically for FDRs. PCa screening decision outcomes included knowledge, decisional conflict, distress, and satisfaction with screening decision. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and 4 weeks after baseline.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no differences by intervention group for knowledge, decisional conflict, distress, or satisfaction with screening decision (p>0.05). However, men in both groups had significant increases in knowledge and decreases in decisional conflict (p<0.001). These changes were most pronounced (p<0.05) for younger men compared to older men.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results suggest that general and targeted information can play an important role in increasing knowledge and decreasing decisional conflict among FDRs. Additional research is needed to identify subgroups of men who benefit the most and better understand the outcomes of a screening decision aid among diverse samples of FDRs.
authors.affiliation: 1902 Magnolia Drive, MRC-CANCONT, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, United States. Electronic address: stacy.davis@moffitt.org.
authors.forename: Stacy N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.affiliation: 1902 Magnolia Drive, MRC-CANCONT, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, United States; Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 44, Tampa, FL 33612, United States. Electronic address: steve.sutton@moffitt.org.
authors.forename: Steven K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Sutton
authors.affiliation: 1902 Magnolia Drive, MRC-CANCONT, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, United States; Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 44, Tampa, FL 33612, United States. Electronic address: susan.vadaparampil@moffitt.org.
authors.forename: Susan T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Vadaparampil
authors.affiliation: 1902 Magnolia Drive, MRC-CANCONT, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, United States; Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 44, Tampa, FL 33612, United States. Electronic address: cathy.meade@moffitt.org.
authors.forename: Cathy D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Meade
authors.affiliation: 1902 Magnolia Drive, MRC-CANCONT, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, United States; Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 44, Tampa, FL 33612, United States. Electronic address: brian.rivers@moffitt.org.
authors.forename: Brian M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Rivers
authors.affiliation: 1902 Magnolia Drive, MRC-CANCONT, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, United States. Electronic address: Mitul.patel@moffitt.org.
authors.forename: Mitul V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: 1902 Magnolia Drive, MRC-CANCONT, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, United States; Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 44, Tampa, FL 33612, United States. Electronic address: javier.torresroca@moffitt.org.
authors.forename: Javier F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Torres-Roca
authors.affiliation: 1902 Magnolia Drive, MRC-CANCONT, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, United States; Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 44, Tampa, FL 33612, United States. Electronic address: randy.heysek@moffitt.org.
authors.forename: Randy V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Heysek
authors.affiliation: 1902 Magnolia Drive, MRC-CANCONT, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, United States; Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 44, Tampa, FL 33612, United States. Electronic address: philippe.spiess@moffitt.org.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Spiess
authors.affiliation: 1902 Magnolia Drive, MRC-CANCONT, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, United States; Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 44, Tampa, FL 33612, United States. Electronic address: julio.powsang@moffitt.org.
authors.forename: Julio
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pow-Sang
authors.affiliation: 1902 Magnolia Drive, MRC-CANCONT, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, United States; Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 44, Tampa, FL 33612, United States. Electronic address: paul.jacobsen@moffitt.org.
authors.forename: Paul B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Jacobsen
authors.affiliation: 1902 Magnolia Drive, MRC-CANCONT, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, United States; Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 44, Tampa, FL 33612, United States. Electronic address: clement.gwede@moffitt.org.
authors.forename: Clement K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Gwede
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D000368:Aged; D003657:Decision Making; D003661:Decision Support Techniques; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010174:Pamphlets; D010358:Patient Participation / Q000379:methods*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D044465:White People
keywords: Cancer education; Cancer prevention and control; First degree relatives; Informed decision making; Prostate cancer; Screening decision making