title: [Evaluation of urine postvoid residuals in post-partum period: a prospective and descriptive clinical study].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Few studies have evaluated urine postvoid residuals (PVRs) and their risk factors during the post-partum (PP) period. The aim of this prospective study was to screen postvoid residuals in a cohort of patients in PP, and to identify the risk factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  For three months, patients in PP were given an evaluation of their PVR (ultrasounds method) after a spontaneous urination. Clinical data as regards delivery were collected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred and sixty-eight patients were included. Among them, 61% had a urine volume at the first urination over 500 mL, and 52% presented with a pathological PVR (PVR over 150 mL for a urine volume over 150 mL). The median PVR was 153.50 mL. The median volume of the first spontaneous urination was 400 mL. Among patients with a pathological PVR, the total duration of the labor and the duration of its second phase were significantly longer (P=0.003 and P<0.05, respectively), and the volume of the first urination was higher. Indwelling catheterization during the delivery decreased the volume of the first spontaneous urination (volume over 500 mL in 28% vs 72% of patients, P=0.017) but was not associated with a decreased PVR in non-pathological deliveries. Instrumental deliveries were associated with higher PVRs than caesarean or physiological deliveries (244 mL, 180 mL et 156 mL; P=0.033). A bacteriuria was not significantly associated with PVR (54% vs 49%, P>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We were able to identify risk factors for PVR in the PP, such as the duration of labor, instrumental delivery and elevated volume of the first urination after delivery.
authors.affiliation: Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, CHU de Nîmes Carémeau, place du Professeur-Robert-Debré, 30029 Nîmes, France. Electronic address: mathias.neron@wanadoo.fr.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Neron
authors.affiliation: Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, CHU de Nîmes Carémeau, place du Professeur-Robert-Debré, 30029 Nîmes, France.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fatton
authors.affiliation: Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, CHU de Nîmes Carémeau, place du Professeur-Robert-Debré, 30029 Nîmes, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Monforte
authors.affiliation: Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, CHU de Nîmes Carémeau, place du Professeur-Robert-Debré, 30029 Nîmes, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mares
authors.affiliation: Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, CHU de Nîmes Carémeau, place du Professeur-Robert-Debré, 30029 Nîmes, France.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de Tayrac
authors.affiliation: Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, CHU de Nîmes Carémeau, place du Professeur-Robert-Debré, 30029 Nîmes, France. Electronic address: vincent.letouzey@chu-nimes.fr.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Letouzey
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011644:Puerperal Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D016055:Urinary Retention / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Accouchement; Delivery; Post-partum; Postpartum; Résidus postmictionnels; Sondage urinaire; Urinary catheterization; Urine postvoid residual