title: Dietary fucoidan enhance the non-specific immune response and disease resistance in African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, immunosuppressed by cadmium chloride.
abstract: Fucoidan is sulfated polysaccharide extracted from seaweed brown algae. This study was designed to evaluate the immunomodulatory effects and disease resistance of dietary fucoidan on catfish, Clarias gariepinus, immunosuppressed by cadmium. Three hundred and sixty African catfish, C. gariepinus, was allocated into six equal groups. The first group served as a control. Groups (F1 and F2) were fed on fucoidan supplemented ration at concentrations of 4 and 6g/kg diet respectively for 21 days. Groups (Cd, CdF1 and CdF2) were subjected throughout the experiment to a sub-lethal concentration of 5ppm cadmium chloride solution and groups (CdF1 and CdF2) were fed on a ration supplemented with fucoidan. Macrophages oxidative burst, phagocytic activity percentages and lymphocytes transformation index were a significant increase in the fucoidan-treated groups (F1 and F2), while serum lysozyme, nitric oxide and bactericidal activity were enhanced only in group (F2) when compared with controls. These parameters as well as absolute lymphocyte count and survival rate were significantly increased in group (CdF2) when compared with cadmium chloride immunosuppressed group (Cd). It could be concluded that the fucoidan can be used as immunostimulant for the farmed African catfish, C. gariepinus as it can improve its resistance to immunosuppressive stressful conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt. Electronic address: dr_elboshy@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: El-Boshy
authors.affiliation: Fish Health and Diseases Department, Faculty of fish Resources, Suez University, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: El-Ashram
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt.
authors.forename: Engy
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Risha
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt.
authors.forename: Fatma
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Abdelhamid
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Infections and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt.
authors.forename: Eman
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zahran
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gab-Alla
mesh_terms: D016980:Aeromonas hydrophila / Q000276:immunology*; D000818:Animals; D017756:Aquaculture / Q000379:methods; D019256:Cadmium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002397:Catfishes; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000592:standards; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D016867:Immunocompromised Host / Q000276:immunology*; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D007958:Leukocyte Count / Q000662:veterinary; D009113:Muramidase / Q000097:blood; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000097:blood; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000276:immunology; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D016897:Respiratory Burst / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D011134:Polysaccharides; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C007789:fucoidan; D009113:Muramidase; D019256:Cadmium Chloride
keywords: Aeromonas hydrophila; Cadmium chloride; Clarias gariepinus; Dietary; Fucoidan; Immunomodulatory