title: Abdominal visceral adiposity influences CD4+ T cell cytokine production in pregnancy.
abstract: Women with pre-gravid obesity are at risk for pregnancy complications. While the macrophage response of obese pregnant women categorized by body mass index (BMI) has been documented, the relationship between the peripheral CD4(+) T cell cytokine profile and body fat compartments during pregnancy is unknown. In this study, third trimester peripheral CD4(+) T cell cytokine profiles were measured in healthy pregnant women [n=35; pre-pregnancy BMI: 18.5-40]. CD4(+) T cells were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells and stimulated to examine their capacity to generate cytokines. Between 1 and 3weeks postpartum, total body fat was determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and abdominal subcutaneous and visceral fat masses were determined by magnetic resonance imaging. Pearson's correlation was performed to assess relationships between cytokines and fat mass. Results showed that greater abdominal visceral fat mass was associated with a decrease in stimulated CD4(+) T cell cytokine expression. IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, IL-12p70, IL-10 and IL-17A were inversely related to visceral fat mass. Chemokines CCL3 and IL-8 and growth factors G-CSF and FLT-3L were also inversely correlated. Additionally, total body fat mass was inversely correlated with FGF-2 while abdominal subcutaneous fat mass and BMI were unrelated to any CD4(+) T cell cytokine. In conclusion, lower responsiveness of CD4(+) T cell cytokines associated with abdominal visceral fat mass is a novel finding late in gestation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA. Electronic address: mkozias@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Marlies K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Ozias
authors.affiliation: Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
authors.forename: Shengqi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
authors.forename: Holly R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Hull
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA; Hoglund Brain Imaging Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
authors.forename: William M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Brooks
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
authors.forename: Margaret G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Petroff
authors.affiliation: Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
authors.forename: Susan E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Carlson
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D050154:Adiposity; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000378:metabolism; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000166:cytology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism; D056128:Obesity, Abdominal; D011247:Pregnancy; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
keywords: Abdominal fat; Humans; Inflammation; Obesity