title: Choroidal metastasis from early rectal cancer: Case report and literature review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Choroidal metastasis from colorectal cancer is rare, and there have been no reported cases of such metastasis from early colorectal cancer. We report a case of choroidal metastasis from early rectal cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 61 year-old-man experienced myodesopsia in the left eye 2 years and 6 months after primary rectal surgery for early cancer, and was diagnosed with left choroidal metastasis and multiple lung metastases. Radiotherapy was initiated for the left eye and systemic chemotherapy is initiated for the multiple lung metastases. The patient is living 2 years and 3 months after the diagnosis of choroidal metastasis without signs of recurrence in the left eye, and continues to receive systemic chemotherapy for multiple lung metastases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Current literatures have few recommendations regarding the appropriate treatment of choroidal metastasis from colorectal cancer, but an aggressive multi-disciplinary approach may be effective in local regression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first report of choroidal metastasis from early rectal cancer. We consider it important to enforce systemic chemotherapy in addition to radiotherapy for choroidal metastasis from colorectal cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Osaka Police Hospital, 10-31, Kitayama-cho, Tennoji-ku, Osaka City, Osaka 543-0035, Japan. Electronic address: mtei@live.jp.
authors.forename: Mitsuyoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tei
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Osaka Police Hospital, 10-31, Kitayama-cho, Tennoji-ku, Osaka City, Osaka 543-0035, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wakasugi
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Osaka Police Hospital, 10-31, Kitayama-cho, Tennoji-ku, Osaka City, Osaka 543-0035, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akamatsu
keywords: Choroidal metastasis; Colorectal cancer