title: Definitions and outcome measures for mucous membrane pemphigoid: recommendations of an international panel of experts.
abstract: Mucous membrane pemphigoid encompasses a group of autoimmune bullous diseases with a similar phenotype characterized by subepithelial blisters, erosions, and scarring of mucous membranes, skin, or both. Although knowledge about autoimmune bullous disease is increasing, there is often a lack of clear definitions of disease, outcome measures, and therapeutic end points. With clearer definitions and outcome measures, it is possible to directly compare the results and data from various studies using meta-analyses. This consensus statement provides accurate and reproducible definitions for disease extent, activity, outcome measures, end points, and therapeutic response for mucous membrane pemphigoid and proposes a disease extent score, the Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid Disease Area Index.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology at St George Hospital, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. Electronic address: d.murrell@unsw.edu.au.
authors.forename: Dedee F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Murrell
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Zagreb University Hospital Center and School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.
authors.forename: Branka
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authors.lastname: Marinovic
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Avicenne Hospital, University Paris 13, Bobigny, France.
authors.forename: Frederic
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Caux
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Department of Histology, Reference Center for Autoimmune Bullous Diseases, Avicenne Hospital, University Paris 13, Bobigny, France.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Prost
authors.affiliation: Center For Blistering Diseases, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Razzaque
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authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Immunodermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
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authors.lastname: Wozniak
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Masayuki
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authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
authors.forename: Johann
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authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Stefan
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authors.lastname: Beissert
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Borradori
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Donna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Culton
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa.
authors.forename: Janet A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Fairley
authors.affiliation: St Joseph Mercy Health System, Department of Dermatology, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: David
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authors.affiliation: University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marcel F
authors.initials: MF
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authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Center for Clinical Sciences Research, and Division of Dermatology, Department of Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, California.
authors.forename: M Peter
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Marinkovich
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: David
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authors.lastname: Woodley
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zone
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Valeria
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authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Reims University Hospital, University of Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
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authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Leena
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authors.lastname: Bruckner-Tuderman
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunodermatology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
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authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Vanessa
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authors.lastname: Venning
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Luis
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authors.lastname: Diaz
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Rudiger
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authors.lastname: Eming
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, California; Department of Biological Chemistry Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, California; Research Institute, Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, California.
authors.forename: Sergei A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Grando
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authors.affiliation: Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
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authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Hospital del Mar, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Josep E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Herrero-González
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
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authors.affiliation: Clinique Dermatologique, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), INSERM U905, Rouen University Hospital, University of Rouen, Rouen, France; Dermatology Department, Rouen University Hospital, University of Rouen, Rouen, France.
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Joly
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Dermatooncology of the Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Sarolta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Karpati
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology at St George Hospital, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, Rockefeller University, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Jaehwan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Soo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chan Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and the Murdough Family Center for Psoriasis, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio.
authors.forename: Neil J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Korman
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Immunodermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Cezary
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authors.lastname: Kowalewski
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Eun
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Rubenstein
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Eli
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authors.lastname: Sprecher
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yancey
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanna
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authors.lastname: Zambruno
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of Lubeck, Lubeck, Germany.
authors.forename: Detlef
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authors.lastname: Zillikens
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Hopital Bichat, Paris, France; Fondation A de Rothschild, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Serge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Doan
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology at St George Hospital, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: Benjamin S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Daniel
authors.affiliation: Philadelphia Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Victoria P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Werth
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D010390:Pemphigoid, Benign Mucous Membrane / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D011996:Records; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: consensus; definitions; mucous membrane pemphigoid; outcome measures; severity score