title: Effects of caffeic acid on cisplatin-induced hair cell damage in HEI-OC1 auditory cells.
abstract: Cisplatin is a widely used anticancer chemotherapeutic agent. However, it is notorious for its ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity due to induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Caffeic acid is a naturally occurring polyphenol present in honey that is known to reduce the generation of oxygen-derived free radicals. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the protective effects and mechanism underlying the effect of caffeic acid on cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in HEI-OC1 auditory cell lines.
  
  
  
  Cell viability was measured using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Apoptosis was determined by Hoechst 33258 staining and Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide double staining. Cell cycle stages were analyzed by flow cytometry. The radical-scavenging activity of caffeic acid was assessed using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The expression levels of caspase-3, -8, and -9, as well as the activity of caspase-3, were evaluated.
  
  
  
  Caffeic acid showed a protective effect against cisplatin-induced HEI-OC1 cell damage as demonstrated by the MTT assay. Caffeic acid decreased cell death by apoptosis and necrosis. Caffeic acid showed strong scavenging activity against the radical DPPH and decreased intracellular ROS production. Caffeic acid decreased the expression of caspase-3 and -8 and increased the activity of caspase-3.
  
  
  
  Caffeic acid attenuated cisplatin-induced hair cell loss in HEI-OC1 cell lines; these effects were mediated by its radical scavenging activity and inhibition of apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: June
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Shin Hye
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yoon Chan
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Rah
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Won
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Chae
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Dae
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Byung Don
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: aseptic@snu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Moo Kyun
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002109:Caffeic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D053181:Caspase 8 / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006198:Hair Cells, Auditory / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D002109:Caffeic Acids; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D053148:Caspase 3; D053181:Caspase 8; D002945:Cisplatin; C040048:caffeic acid
keywords: Apoptosis; Caffeic acid; Cisplatin; Ototoxicity; Reactive oxygen species