title: Observation of enhanced heat dissipation in columns packed with superficially porous particles.
abstract: At high flow rates and pressures, columns packed with sub-2 μm particles suffer from efficiency losses due to frictional heating. The thermal environment of the column (insulated or isothermal) can decrease or magnify these losses. While a number of studies have been conducted demonstrating the improved performance (partially due to the benefits of enhanced thermal conductivity) of columns packed with superficially porous particles, none have made a comparison between sub-2 μm fully and superficially porous particles in an isothermal environment where radial thermal gradients are maximized and thermal broadening is amplified. Here we show that when such columns are characterized in a recirculating water jacket (providing an isothermal environment), efficiency loss and changes in retention and mobile phase temperature are reduced for sub-2 μm superficially porous particles compared to sub-2 μm fully porous particles.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
authors.forename: James P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Grinias
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
authors.forename: Dayley S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Keil
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. Electronic address: jj@unc.edu.
authors.forename: James W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Jorgenson
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D006358:Hot Temperature; D010316:Particle Size; D016062:Porosity; D011312:Pressure
keywords: Superficially porous particles; Thermal broadening; UHPLC; Viscous heating