title: Comparative physiology and proteomic analysis of two wheat genotypes contrasting in drought tolerance.
abstract: Comparative physiology and proteomic analyses were conducted to monitor the stress response of two wheat genotypes (SERI M 82 (SE) and SW89.5193/kAu2 (SW)) with contrasting responses to drought stress. Under stress condition, the tolerant genotype (SE) produced higher shoot and root biomasses, longer roots and accumulated higher level of ABA in leaves. Physiological measurements suggested that the SE genotype was more efficient in water absorption and could preserve more water presumably by controlling stomata closure. Proteomic analysis showed an increased abundance of proteins related to defense and oxidative stress responses such as GLPs, GST, and SOD, and those related to protein processing such as small HSPs in roots of both genotypes in response to drought stress. Interestingly, the abundance of proteins such as endo-1,3-beta-glucosidase, peroxidase, SAMS, and MDH significantly increased in roots or leaves of the SE genotype and decreased in that of the SW one. In addition, an increased abundance of APX was detected in leaves and roots of the SE genotype and a decreased abundance of 14-3-3 and ribosomal proteins were noted in the SW one in response to drought stress. Our findings led to a better understanding about the integrated physiology and proteome responses of wheat genotypes with nearly contrasting responses to drought stress.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We applied a comparative physiology and proteomic analysis to decipher the differential responses of two contrasting wheat genotypes to drought stress. Based on physiological measurements the tolerant genotype (SE) showed better drought response by developing deep root system, higher root and shoot biomasses, and higher level of ABA in leaves. Proteomic analysis showed an increased abundance of proteins related to defense and oxidative stress responses such as GLPs, GST, and SOD, and those related to protein processing such as small HSPs in roots of both genotypes in response to drought stress. In addition, the abundance of proteins such as glucan endo-1,3-beta-glucosidase, peroxidases, SAMS, and MDH increased in roots or leaves of the tolerant genotype (SE) and decreased in that of the sensitive genotype (SW). Overall, proteins related to oxidative stress, protein processing and photosynthesis showed decreased abundance to a greater extent in the sensitive genotype (SW).
authors.affiliation: Department of Systems Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Karaj, Iran.
authors.forename: Elham
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Faghani
authors.affiliation: Department of Systems Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Karaj, Iran.
authors.forename: Javad
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gharechahi
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Crop Science, Kannondai 2-1-18, Tsukuba 305-8518, Japan.
authors.forename: Setsuko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Mehdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mirzaei
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Science, Kharazmi University of Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ramzan Ali
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Khavarinejad
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Science, Kharazmi University of Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Farzaneh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Najafi
authors.affiliation: Department of Systems Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Karaj, Iran.
authors.forename: Laleh Karimi
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Farsad
authors.affiliation: Department of Systems Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Karaj, Iran; Department of Molecular Systems Biology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: h_salekdeh@abrii.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Ghasem Hosseini
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Salekdeh
mesh_terms: D000064:Acclimatization / Q000502:physiology*; D055864:Droughts; D005838:Genotype; D010828:Physiology, Comparative; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D020543:Proteome / Q000032:analysis; D040901:Proteomics; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D014908:Triticum / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D020543:Proteome
keywords: Drought stress; Mass spectrometry; Proteomics; Relative water content; Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis; Wheat