title: Appendiceal diverticulum associated with chronic appendicitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Appendiceal diverticulosis is a rare entity, with a global incidence between 0.004% and 2.1% of all appendectomies. It has been related with an elevated risk of perforation in comparison to acute appendicitis, as well as an increased risk for synchronic appendicular cancer in 48% of the cases, and colonic cancer in 43%. The incidence of chronic appendicitis has been reported in 1.5% of all appendicitis cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present a 73-year-old female, with no relevant familial history, who presented due to a four-month-long oppressive, moderate pain in the lower right abdominal quadrant without irradiation or any other accompanying symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The documented incidence of appendiceal diverticula and chronic appendicitis by themselves is low; therefore the presence of both entities at the same time is extremely rare.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We present a case in which both diagnoses concurred in the same patient. The relevance of this case relies on the importance of the adequate knowledge of these pathologies, so we can approach them correctly. Although it does not represent an absolute surgical emergency, appendectomy represents the first therapeutic option.
authors.affiliation: Surgery Department, Angeles Pedregal Hospital, Mexico City, Mexico. Electronic address: drzubieta@outlook.com.
authors.forename: Gregorio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zubieta-O'Farrill
authors.affiliation: Surgery Department, Angeles Pedregal Hospital, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: José Raúl
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Guerra-Mora
authors.affiliation: Surgery Department, Puebla University Hospital, Puebla, Mexico.
authors.forename: Andrés
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gudiño-Chávez
authors.affiliation: Surgery Department, Angeles Pedregal Hospital, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Alvarado
authors.affiliation: Surgery Department, Angeles Pedregal Hospital, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Gilberto Bernabe
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Cornejo-López
authors.affiliation: Surgery Department, Angeles Pedregal Hospital, Mexico City, Mexico; Colon & Rectum Surgery, Angeles Pedregal Hospital, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Villanueva-Sáenz
keywords: Appendiceal diverticulum; Chronic appendicitis; Chronic pain