title: Multimodular psychotherapy intervention for nonepileptic attack disorder: an individualized pragmatic approach.
abstract: Nonepileptic attack disorder (NEAD) is a highly distressing and costly condition commonly seen in specialist epilepsy clinics. Consistently effective treatments for NEAD remain elusive, and findings from research indicate that there is no one form of psychological therapy that will be effective in such a heterogeneous group of patients. In this paper, we propose a multimodular approach to psychological therapy in NEAD, which allows the clinician to tailor an individualized management program for the patient appropriate to his/her needs.
authors.affiliation: Epilepsy Group, Atkinson Morley Regional Neuroscience Centre, St George's Hospital, London, UK; St George's, University of London, London, UK; South West London & St George's MH NHS Trust, London, UK; Department of Neuropsychiatry, St George's Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: Niruj
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Agrawal
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, St George's Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gaynor
authors.affiliation: St George's, University of London, London, UK; Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK; Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK. Electronic address: Alicelomax@nhs.net.
authors.forename: Alice
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lomax
authors.affiliation: Epilepsy Group, Atkinson Morley Regional Neuroscience Centre, St George's Hospital, London, UK; St George's, University of London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mula
mesh_terms: D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D006801:Humans; D010348:Patient Care Team; D057285:Precision Medicine; D011613:Psychotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D012640:Seizures / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: Functional nonepileptic attacks (FNEA); Nonepileptic attack disorder (NEAD); Psychogenic nonepileptic attacks (PNES); Psychological treatment