title: [Antibiotic susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae in healthy carrier children in Murcia (Spain)].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) is a human pathogen that involves a high use of antibiotics. The objective of the study was to determine the susceptibility to commonly used antibiotics and their associated risk factors, in order to promote rational use of antibiotics.
  
  
  METHODS
  In A multicentre study was conducted in summer 2009 and winter 2010 on children attending paediatric clinics in the Region of Murcia. A nasopharyngeal sample was collected and an epidemiological questionnaire was completed. The study included 1562 children aged 1 and 4 years old.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Almost one-third (31.3%, 489/1562) of children were nasal carriers. A sensitivity study was carried out on 376 isolates, of which 343 were serotyped. Almost two-thirds (61.7%, 964/1562) of children had received at least one dose of PCV7 (heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine), and 12.8% (44/343) of the isolates belonged to PCV7 serotypes. The prevalence rates of penicillin resistance (meningitis infections criteria CMI>0.06mg/L) were 28.1%; however, this percentage was 54% in PCV7 serotypes. None of the isolates had (MIC >2mg/L), so prevalence rates of susceptibility with non-meningitis infections criteria were 100%. There was a high percentage of erythromycin resistance (45.7%). The factors favouring resistance to penicillin and cefotaxime were the consumption of antibiotics in the previous month and the carrying of vaccine serotypes. On the other hand, the age of 4 years old was a protective factor of resistance. The 14, 35B, 19A, 15A, and 19F serotypes were less susceptible to penicillin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both oral amoxicillin given to outpatients and intravenous penicillin or ampicillin to hospitalized patients are excellent options for the treatment of non-meningeal infections, as seen with pneumonia in these kinds of environments, where there is low incidence of isolates highly resistant to penicillin (CMI ≥ 2mg/L).
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Infantil Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, El Palmar, Murcia, España. Electronic address: santiagoalfayatem@gmail.com.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alfayate-Miguélez
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, El Palmar, Murcia, España.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ruiz Gómez
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Infantil Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, El Palmar, Murcia, España.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sanchez-Solis de Querol
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, El Palmar, Murcia, España.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Guerrero Gómez
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Los Arcos-Mar Menor, Santiago de la Ribera, Murcia, España.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pérez Simón
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Santa Lucía, Cartagena Murcia, España.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Ortiz Romero
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Reina Sofía, Murcia, España.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Núñez Trigueros
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Virgen del Castillo, Yecla, Murcia, España.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: López Yepes
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, El Palmar, Murcia, España.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Blazquez Abellán
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Rafael Méndez, Lorca, Murcia, España.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Zarauz García
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Apoyo Metodológico de la Fundación para la Formación e Investigación Sanitarias, Murcia, España.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ruiz Merino
authors.affiliation: Centro de Salud Dr. Antonio García, Molina de Segura, Murcia, España.
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Ortuño del Moral
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002353:Carrier State; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009666:Nose / Q000382:microbiology; D010614:Pharynx / Q000382:microbiology; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections; D015995:Prevalence; D065288:Serogroup; D013030:Spain; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Antimicrobial sensitivity; Colonización nasofaríngea; Conjugate vaccines; Nasopharyngeal carriage; Sensibilidad antibiótica; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Vacunas conjugadas