title: Evolution of Staphylococcus aureus under vancomycin selective pressure: the role of the small-colony variant phenotype.
abstract: Staphylococcus aureus small-colony variants (SCVs) often persist despite antibiotic therapy. Against a 10(8)-CFU/ml methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) (strain COL) population of which 0%, 1%, 10%, 50%, or 100% was an isogenic hemB knockout (Ia48) subpopulation displaying the SCV phenotype, vancomycin achieved maximal reductions of 4.99, 5.39, 4.50, 3.28, and 1.66 log10 CFU/ml over 48 h. Vancomycin at ≥16 mg/liter shifted a population from 50% SCV cells at 0 h to 100% SCV cells at 48 h, which was well characterized by a Hill-type model (R2>0.90).
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics, NYS Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics & Life Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Justin R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Lenhard
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Munster, Munster, Germany.
authors.forename: Christof
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: von Eiff
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Irene S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics, NYS Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics & Life Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Patricia N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Holden
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics, NYS Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics & Life Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Bear
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics, NYS Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics & Life Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Amy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suen
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics, NYS Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics & Life Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Zackery P
authors.initials: ZP
authors.lastname: Bulman
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics, NYS Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics & Life Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA btsuji@buffalo.edu.
authors.forename: Brian T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Tsuji
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects*; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D014640:Vancomycin