title: Volatilisation of pesticides after application in vegetable greenhouses.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Volatilisation of pesticides after application to the soil or the crop is an important source of emission into the atmosphere. As a result, workers, residents and bystanders are potentially at risk when exposed to these volatilised substances. Nonetheless, data on measured concentrations are quite scarce, especially in greenhouses. The objective of this work is to present the results of volatilisation experiments performed in greenhouses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results indicate that the concentrations are highest in the hours after application and rapidly decline during the days following application.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Greenhouse temperature, ventilation rate, the substance vapour pressure and the rate of competing processes were identified as important factors influencing volatilisation in greenhouses. The results from this study contribute to a better understanding of volatilisation in greenhouses and may help to improve the recent PEARL model for volatilisation in greenhouses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Crop Protection Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. Electronic address: kim.doanngoc@ugent.be.
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Doan Ngoc
authors.affiliation: Alterra Wageningen UR, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Frederik
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: van den Berg
authors.affiliation: Department of Crop Protection Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Houbraken
authors.affiliation: Department of Crop Protection Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Pieter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Spanoghe
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D015386:Hazardous Substances / Q000032:analysis*; D008956:Models, Chemical; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis*; D014675:Vegetables; D014835:Volatilization
chemical_list: D015386:Hazardous Substances; D010575:Pesticides
keywords: Air concentration; Greenhouses; Measurements; Pesticide residue; Vegetables