title: Spectroscopic insight for tablet compression.
abstract: Tablet compression process has been studied over the years from various perspectives. However what exactly happens to material during compression is still unknown. In this study a novel compression die which enables real-time spectroscopic measurements during the compression of material is represented. Both near infrared and Raman spectroscope probes can be attached to the die. In this study the usage of the die is demonstrated by using Raman spectroscopy. Eicosane, d-glucose anhydrate, α-lactose monohydrate and xylitol were used in the study because their compression behavior and bonding properties during compression were assumed to be different. The intensity of the Raman signal changed during compression with all of the materials. However, the intensity changes were different within the materials. The biggest differences were within the xylitol spectra. It was noticed that some peaks disappeared with higher compression pressures indicating that the pressure affected variously on different bonds in xylitol structure. These reversible changes were supposed to relate the changes in conformation and crystal structure. As a conclusion, the die was found to be a significant addition for studying compression process in real-time. It can help to reveal Process induced transformations (PITs) occurring during powder compaction.
authors.affiliation: Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. Electronic address: satu.lakio@gmail.com.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lakio
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ylinärä
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Antikainen
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Räikkönen
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yliruusi
mesh_terms: D000473:Alkanes / Q000737:chemistry; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods; D004339:Drug Compounding / Q000379:methods; D005947:Glucose / Q000737:chemistry; D007785:Lactose / Q000737:chemistry; D011208:Powders / Q000737:chemistry; D011312:Pressure; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared / Q000379:methods; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods; D013607:Tablets / Q000737:chemistry*; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods; D014993:Xylitol / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000473:Alkanes; D011208:Powders; D013607:Tablets; C050821:eicosane; D005947:Glucose; D007785:Lactose; D014993:Xylitol
keywords: Compaction; Compression; Die; Process induced transformations; Raman spectroscopy; Tablet