title: An exploratory analysis of Go/Nogo event-related potentials in major depression and depression following traumatic brain injury.
abstract: Rates of major depressive disorder (MDD) following traumatic brain injury (TBI) are estimated to be between 20% and 45%, a higher prevalence than that seen in the general population. These increased rates may be due to specific changes in brain function following TBI. Event related potentials (ERPs) are well suited for measuring the electrophysiological differences between groups in areas of cognitive processing impaired in both MDD and TBI, such as response inhibition. The current study presented an emotional Go/Nogo task (with schematic emotional faces as stimuli) to participants with TBI, participants with MDD, and participants with both TBI and MDD (TBI-MDD). Topographical distribution of activity and global field power comparisons were made across stimulus-locked epochs between these groups and healthy controls. The results indicated that ERPs were not altered by TBI alone. Both MDD and TBI-MDD groups showed similar alterations in topographical distribution and global field power in the N2 window, as well as late epoch alterations. The MDD and TBI-MDD groups showed significantly less fronto-central negativity during the N2 window in Nogo trials compared with the control group. The MDD and TBI-MDD groups also showed significantly less global field power in Nogo trials than Go trials during the N2 window while the control group showed the opposite pattern. The MDD and TBI-MDD groups showed no mood-congruent bias in behavioural or ERP measures. The results suggest that TBI-MDD displays similar electrophysiological changes to those found in the MDD group without TBI.
authors.affiliation: Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, School of Psychology, Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. Electronic address: neilwbailey@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Neil W
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Bailey
authors.affiliation: Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, School of Psychology, Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
authors.forename: Kate E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Hoy
authors.affiliation: Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, School of Psychology, Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
authors.forename: Jerome J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Maller
authors.affiliation: Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, School of Psychology, Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
authors.forename: Rebecca A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Segrave
authors.affiliation: Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, School of Psychology, Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Thomson
authors.affiliation: Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, School of Psychology, Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.affiliation: Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: Zafiris J
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Daskalakis
authors.affiliation: Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, School of Psychology, Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
authors.forename: Paul B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Fitzgerald
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology*; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects
keywords: Event-related potentials; Major depressive disorder; Nogo-N2; Response inhibition; Traumatic brain injury