title: Prediction of future risk of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome based on Korean boy's metabolite profiling.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Childhood obesity is strongly related to future insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Thus, identifying early biomarkers of obesity-related diseases based on metabolic profiling is useful to control future metabolic disorders. We compared metabolic profiles between obese and normal-weight children and investigated specific biomarkers of future insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  In all, 186 plasma metabolites were analysed at baseline and after 2 years in 109 Korean boys (age 10.5±0.4 years) from the Korean Child Obesity Cohort Study using the AbsoluteIDQ™ p180 Kit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We observed that levels of 41 metabolites at baseline and 40 metabolites at follow-up were significantly altered in obese children (p<0.05). Obese children showed significantly higher levels of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and several acylcarnitines and lower levels of acyl-alkyl phosphatidylcholines. Also, baseline BCAAs were significantly positively correlated with both homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and continuous metabolic risk score at the 2-year follow-up. In logistic regression analyses with adjustments for degree of obesity at baseline, baseline BCAA concentration, greater than the median value, was identified as a predictor of future risk of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High BCAA concentration could be "early" biomarkers for predicting future metabolic diseases.
authors.affiliation: Division of Metabolic Diseases, Center for Biomedical Sciences, National Institute of Health, 187 Osongsaengmyeong 2-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do 363-700, South Korea.
authors.forename: AeJin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Metabolic Diseases, Center for Biomedical Sciences, National Institute of Health, 187 Osongsaengmyeong 2-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do 363-700, South Korea.
authors.forename: Han Byul
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Division of Metabolic Diseases, Center for Biomedical Sciences, National Institute of Health, 187 Osongsaengmyeong 2-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do 363-700, South Korea.
authors.forename: Moonjin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ra
authors.affiliation: Division of Metabolic Diseases, Center for Biomedical Sciences, National Institute of Health, 187 Osongsaengmyeong 2-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do 363-700, South Korea.
authors.forename: Youngshim
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Division of Metabolic Diseases, Center for Biomedical Sciences, National Institute of Health, 187 Osongsaengmyeong 2-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do 363-700, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hye-Ja
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Metabolic Diseases, Center for Biomedical Sciences, National Institute of Health, 187 Osongsaengmyeong 2-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do 363-700, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ju Yeon
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do 431-796, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Heon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Obesity Research Institute, Seoul Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, Seoul 100-032, South Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung-Hee
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Division of Metabolic Diseases, Center for Biomedical Sciences, National Institute of Health, 187 Osongsaengmyeong 2-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do 363-700, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Ick
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Division of Brain Diseases, Center for Biomedical Sciences, National Institute of Health, 187 Osongsaengmyeong 2-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do 363-700, South Korea. Electronic address: jhsong10@korea.kr.
authors.forename: Jihyun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Song
mesh_terms: D000597:Amino Acids, Branched-Chain / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods*; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000597:Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose
keywords: Childhood obesity; Insulin resistance; Metabolic profiling; Metabolic syndrome