title: Closing perforations and postperforation management in endoscopy: esophagus and stomach.
abstract: Luminal perforation after endoscopy is a dreaded complication that is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, longer and more costly hospitalization, and the specter of potential future litigation. The management of such perforations requires a multidisciplinary approach. Until recently, surgery was required. However, nowadays the endoscopist has a burgeoning armamentarium of devices and techniques that may obviate surgery. This article discusses the approach to endoscopic perforations in the esophagus and stomach.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Winthrop University Hospital, 222 Station Plaza North, Suite 429, Mineola, NY 11501, USA. Electronic address: sstavropoulos@winthrop.org.
authors.forename: Stavros N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Stavropoulos
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Winthrop University Hospital, 222 Station Plaza North, Suite 429, Mineola, NY 11501, USA.
authors.forename: Rani
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Modayil
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Winthrop University Hospital, 222 Station Plaza North, Suite 429, Mineola, NY 11501, USA.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Friedel
mesh_terms: D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal / Q000009:adverse effects; D004939:Esophageal Perforation / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007416:Intestinal Perforation / Q000601:surgery*; D015607:Stents; D013270:Stomach / Q000293:injuries*; D013525:Surgical Instruments; D058106:Wound Closure Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*
keywords: Endoscopic closure; Over-the-scope clip; Perforation; Stent; Through-the-scope clip