title: Combined therapy with peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis: a multicenter retrospective observational cohort study in Japan.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Combining peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD) has been common treatment option in Japan.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this retrospective, multicenter, observational study, the clinical characteristics and outcomes of 104 patients (57 ± 11 years, males 72%) who had switched from PD alone to combined therapy with PD and HD were studied. Clinical parameters were measured at baseline and after 3 months of combined therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline, urine volume, dialysate-to-plasma ratio of creatinine (D/P Cr), and total Kt/V were 150 ml/day (range: 0-2,000 ml/day), 0.67 ± 0.11, and 1.8 ± 0.4, respectively. During the first 3 months of combined therapy, body weight, urine volume, serum creatinine level, and D/P Cr decreased, whereas hemoglobin levels increased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients where PD does not result in acceptable outcomes, combined therapy with PD and HD may have potential benefits in terms of dialysis adequacy and hydration status. Video Journal Club “Cappuccino with Claudio Ronco” at http://www.karger.com/?doi=368389
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.forename: Keitaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: Chieko
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Higuchi
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sanaka
authors.forename: Yoshihide
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: Sonoo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mizuiri
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Otsuka
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kuriyama
authors.forename: Teruhiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maeba
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iwasawa
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakao
authors.forename: Tatsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hosoya
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D015312:Hemodialysis Solutions / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016482:Urinalysis
chemical_list: D015312:Hemodialysis Solutions; D003404:Creatinine