title: Working Memory Moderates the Association Between Smoking Urge and Smoking Lapse Behavior After Alcohol Administration in a Laboratory Analogue Task.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Lapses after smoking cessation often occur in the context of alcohol use, possibly because alcohol increases urge to smoke. Poor working memory, or alcohol-induced decrements in working memory, may influence this relationship by making it more difficult for an individual to resist smoking in the face of smoking urges.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants (n = 41) completed measures of working memory and urge to smoke before and after alcohol administration (placebo, 0.4 g/kg, and 0.8 g/kg, within subjects) and then participated in a laboratory analogue task in which smoking abstinence was monetarily incentivized.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Working memory moderated the relationship between smoking urge and latency to smoke: for those with relatively poorer working memory, urge to smoke was more strongly and negatively associated with latency to smoke (i.e., higher urges were associated with shorter latency).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Those with weak working memory may need additional forms of treatment to help them withstand smoking urges.
authors.affiliation: Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI; anne_day@brown.edu.
authors.forename: Anne M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Day
authors.affiliation: Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI;
authors.forename: Christopher W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Kahler
authors.affiliation: Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI; Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, RI.
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Metrik
authors.affiliation: Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI;
authors.forename: Nichea S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Spillane
authors.affiliation: Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI;
authors.forename: Jennifer W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Tidey
authors.affiliation: Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI; Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, RI.
authors.forename: Damaris J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Rohsenow
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D066249:Craving; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000187:drug effects; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation; D000074606:Smoking Prevention