title: Identification of Aim2 as a sensor for DNA vaccines.
abstract: Recent human study data have re-established the value of DNA vaccines, especially in priming high-level Ag-specific Ab responses, but also raised questions about the mechanisms responsible for such effects. Whereas previous reports have shown involvement of downstream signaling molecules in the innate immune system, the current study investigated the role of absent in melanoma 2 (Aim2) as a sensor for DNA vaccines. The Aim2 inflammasome directs maturation of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 and an inflammatory form of cell death called pyroptosis. Both the humoral and cellular Ag-specific adaptive responses were significantly reduced in Aim2-deficient mice in an IL-1β/IL-18-independent manner after DNA vaccination. Surprisingly, Aim2-deficient mice also exhibited significantly lower levels of IFN-α/β at the site of injection. These results indicate a previously unreported link between DNA vaccine-induced pyroptotic cell death and vaccine immunogenicity that is instrumental in shaping the Ag-specific immune response to DNA vaccines.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nucleic Acid Vaccines, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655; and.
authors.forename: John J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Suschak
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nucleic Acid Vaccines, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655; and.
authors.forename: Shixia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Program in Innate Immunity, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655.
authors.forename: Katherine A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Fitzgerald
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nucleic Acid Vaccines, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655; and shan.lu@umassmed.edu.
authors.forename: Shan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics*; D058847:Inflammasomes / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D020382:Interleukin-18 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D019444:Vaccines, DNA
chemical_list: C540422:Aim2 protein, mouse; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C587672:IL1B protein, mouse; D058847:Inflammasomes; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D020382:Interleukin-18; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D016899:Interferon-beta