title: Can young and active patients participate in sports after osteochondral autologous transfer combined with valgus high tibial osteotomy?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate sporting activity following osteochondral autologous transfer (OAT) combined with valgus high tibial osteotomy (HTO) in young and active patients with focal osteochondral defects of the medial femoral condyle and concomitant varus malalignment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty patients with focal osteochondral defects of the medial femoral condyle and varus malalignment >2° were enrolled. All patients were active in sports on a regular base prior to surgery (lifetime), but were unable to perform sports at the time of surgery. Sporting activity 1 year preoperatively and at final follow-up was compared using a previously published sports questionnaire, which assesses sports level, number of sports disciplines, sports frequency, sports duration and the participation in 32 common sports disciplines. Additionally, the Tegner activity scale and the Activity Rating Scale were used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After a mean follow-up of 6.9 years (2.5-9.8; SD 2.4), 76.7 % of patients were participating in sports on a regular basis (Fig. 2). Compared to 1 year preoperatively, there was no difference (n.s.) with regard to sports, the number of sports disciplines, sports frequency and sports duration (Fig. 4). The median Tegner activity scale measured preoperatively 5.0 (2.0-7.0) and post-operatively 5.0 (4.0-7.0) points (Fig. 3), and the ARS changed from 5.7 to 5.3 points (n.s.). The different types of sports disciplines were comparable between 1 year preoperatively and at follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A high return to sports rate and an activity level comparable to the state at 1 year preoperatively can be expected in young and active patients after combined OAT and valgus HTO. This seems to be relevant in clinical practice when planning, indicating and performing these complex procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  IV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität Muenchen, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.|Department for Sport Traumatology, Knee- and Shoulder Surgery, Berufsgenossenschaftliche Unfallklinik Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Philipp
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Minzlaff
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität Muenchen, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Matthias J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Feucht
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität Muenchen, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.|Berufsgenossenschaftliche Unfallklinik Murnau, Murnau, Germany.
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saier
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität Muenchen, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cotic
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität Muenchen, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Johannes E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Plath
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität Muenchen, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany. a.imhoff@lrz.tum.de.
authors.forename: Andreas B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Imhoff
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität Muenchen, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.|Sportsclinic Germany, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hinterwimmer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017760:Bone Malalignment / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D002356:Cartilage / Q000637:transplantation; D002357:Cartilage Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000601:surgery; D005269:Femur / Q000601:surgery; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007718:Knee Injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000601:surgery*; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000379:methods / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D000068958:Return to Sport; D013977:Tibia / Q000601:surgery; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Cartilage; High tibial osteotomy; Osteochondral defect; Osteochondral transfer; Return to sports; Sporting activity; Varus malalignment