title: Procedural key steps in laparoscopic colorectal surgery, consensus through Delphi methodology.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  While several procedural training curricula in laparoscopic colorectal surgery have been validated and published, none have focused on dividing surgical procedures into well-identified segments, which can be trained and assessed separately. This enables the surgeon and resident to focus on a specific segment, or combination of segments, of a procedure. Furthermore, it will provide a consistent and uniform method of training for residents rotating through different teaching hospitals. The goal of this study was to determine consensus on the key steps of laparoscopic right hemicolectomy and laparoscopic sigmoid colectomy among experts in our University Medical Center and affiliated hospitals. This will form the basis for the INVEST video-assisted side-by-side training curriculum.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Delphi method was used for determining consensus on key steps of both procedures. A list of 31 steps for laparoscopic right hemicolectomy and 37 steps for laparoscopic sigmoid colectomy was compiled from textbooks and national and international guidelines. In an online questionnaire, 22 experts in 12 hospitals within our teaching region were invited to rate all steps on a Likert scale on importance for the procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Consensus was reached in two rounds. Sixteen experts agreed to participate. Of these 16 experts, 14 (88%) completed the questionnaire for both procedures. Of the 14 who completed the first round, 13 (93%) completed the second round. Cronbach's alpha was 0.79 for the right hemicolectomy and 0.91 for the sigmoid colectomy, showing high internal consistency between the experts. For the right hemicolectomy, 25 key steps were established; for the sigmoid colectomy, 24 key steps were established.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Expert consensus on the key steps for laparoscopic right hemicolectomy and laparoscopic sigmoid colectomy was reached. These key steps will form the basis for a video-assisted teaching curriculum.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, HPC BA31, P.O. box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands, fre.dijkstra@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Frederieke A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Dijkstra
authors.forename: Robbert J I
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Bosker
authors.forename: Nicolaas J G M
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Veeger
authors.forename: Marc J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: van Det
authors.forename: Jean Pierre E N
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Pierie
mesh_terms: D003082:Colectomy / Q000379:methods*; D012809:Colon, Sigmoid / Q000601:surgery; D003697:Delphi Technique; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D009426:Netherlands