title: Intravitreal chemotherapy provides control for massive vitreous seeding from retinoblastoma.
abstract: Treatment of vitreous seeds in retinoblastoma is challenging because of relatively poor chemotherapeutic drug penetration by standard intravenous or intra-arterial routes. Intravitreal monotherapy with melphalan is effective but has a narrow therapeutic window. The authors describe a case of massive vitreous seeding successfully controlled after combination intravitreal chemotherapy using melphalan and topotecan with preserved anatomic outcome.
authors.forename: Brendan M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Lawson
authors.forename: Jarin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Saktanasate
authors.forename: Emil Anthony T
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Say
authors.forename: Carol L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Shields
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005134:Eye Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D058449:Intravitreal Injections; D008558:Melphalan / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009366:Neoplasm Seeding; D019572:Retinal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D012175:Retinoblastoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary; D019772:Topotecan / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D019772:Topotecan; D008558:Melphalan