title: Dental students' self-assessment of operative preparations using CAD/CAM: a preliminary analysis.
abstract: The Commission on Dental Accreditation (CODA)'s accreditation standards for dental schools state that "graduates must demonstrate the ability to self-assess." Therefore, dental schools have developed preclinical and clinical self-assessment (SA) protocols aimed at fostering a reflective process. This study comparing students' visual SA with students' digital SA and with faculty assessment was designed to test the hypothesis that higher agreement would occur when utilizing a digital evaluation. Twenty-five first-year dental students at one dental school participated by preparing a mesial occlusal preparation on tooth #30 and performing both types of SAs. A faculty evaluation was then performed both visually and digitally using the same evaluation criteria. The Kappa statistic was used to measure agreement between evaluators. The results showed statistically significant moderate agreement between the faculty visual and faculty digital modes of evaluation for occlusal shape (K=0.507, p=0.002), proximal shape (K=0.564, p=0.001), orientation (K=0.425, p=0.001), and definition (K=0.480, p=0.001). There was slight to poor agreement between the student visual and faculty visual assessment, except for preparation orientation occlusal shape (K=0.164, p=0.022), proximal shape (K=-0.227, p=0.032), orientation (K=0.253, p=0.041), and definition (K=-0.027, p=0.824). This study showed that the students had challenges in self-assessing even when using CAD/CAM and the digital assessment did not improve the amount of student/faculty agreement.
authors.affiliation: Dr. Mays is Division Director of Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, East Carolina University; and Dr. Levine is Clinical Assistant Professor, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland.
authors.forename: Keith A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Mays
authors.affiliation: Dr. Mays is Division Director of Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, East Carolina University; and Dr. Levine is Clinical Assistant Professor, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland. ELevine@umaryland.edu.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Levine
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence; D017076:Computer-Aided Design; D003737:Dental Cavity Preparation / Q000145:classification / Q000592:standards; D017268:Dental Prosthesis Retention; D003814:Dentistry, Operative / Q000193:education*; D004497:Education, Dental; D004521:Educational Measurement / Q000379:methods*; D005179:Faculty, Dental; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D009048:Motor Skills; D012647:Self-Assessment; D013335:Students, Dental / Q000523:psychology*; D019246:Tooth Preparation / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D014796:Visual Perception
keywords: CAD/CAM; computer-assisted instruction; critical thinking; dental education; operative dentistry; self-assessment