title: Characteristics of laser-induced shock wave injury to the inner ear of rats.
abstract: Recently, the number of blast injuries of the inner ear has increased in the general population. In blast-induced inner ear injury, a shock wave (SW) component in the blast wave is considered to play an important role in sensorineural hearing loss. However, the mechanisms by which an SW affects inner ear tissue remain largely unknown. We aimed to establish a new animal model for SW-induced inner ear injury by using laser-induced SWs (LISWs) on rats. The LISWs were generated by irradiating an elastic laser target with 694-nm nanosecond pulses of a ruby laser. After LISW application to the cochlea through bone conduction, auditory measurements revealed the presence of inner ear dysfunction, the extent of which depended on LISW overpressure. A significantly lower survival rate of hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons, as well as severe oxidative damage, were observed in the inner ear exposed to an LISW. Although considerable differences in the pressure characteristics exist between LISWs and SWs in real blast waves, the functional and morphological changes shown by the present LISW-based model were similar to those observed in real blast-induced injury. Thus, our animal model is expected to be useful for laboratory-based research of blast-induced inner ear injury.
authors.affiliation: National Defense Medical College, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan.
authors.forename: Takaomi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kurioka
authors.affiliation: National Defense Medical College, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsunobu
authors.affiliation: National Defense Medical College, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan.
authors.forename: Katsuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Niwa
authors.affiliation: National Defense Medical College, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.affiliation: National Defense Medical College Research Institute, Division of Biomedical Information Sciences, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawauchi
authors.affiliation: National Defense Medical College, Department of Anesthesiology, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.affiliation: National Defense Medical College Research Institute, Division of Biomedical Information Sciences, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan.
authors.forename: Shunichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: National Defense Medical College, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan.
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shiotani
mesh_terms: D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D000818:Animals; D001753:Blast Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology; D003849:Deoxyguanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007758:Ear, Inner / Q000293:injuries / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D016057:Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D018072:Hair Cells, Auditory, Outer / Q000502:physiology; D006319:Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / Q000503:physiopathology; D019220:High-Energy Shock Waves / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007834:Lasers / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D003849:Deoxyguanosine