title: Growth charts for non-growth hormone treated Prader-Willi syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The goal of this study was to generate and report standardized growth curves for weight, height, head circumference, and BMI for non-growth hormone-treated white male and female US subjects with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) between 3 and 18 years of age and develop standardized growth charts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anthropometric measures (N = 133) were obtained according to standard methods from 120 non-growth hormone-treated white subjects (63 males and 57 females) with PWS between 3 and 18 years of age. Standardized growth curves were developed for the third, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 97th percentiles by using the LMS method for weight, height, head circumference, and BMI for PWS subjects along with the normative third, 50th, and 97th percentiles from national and international growth data. The LMS smoothing procedure summarized the distribution of the anthropometric variables at each age using three parameters: power of the Box-Cox transformation λ (L), median μ (M) and coefficient of variation δ (S).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Weight, height, head circumference, and BMI standardized growth charts representing 7 percentile ranges were developed from 120 non-growth hormone-treated white male and female US subjects with PWS (age range: 3-18 years) and normative third, 50th, and 97th percentiles from national and international data.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We encourage the use of syndrome-specific growth standards to examine and evaluate subjects with PWS when monitoring growth patterns and determining nutritional and obesity status. These variables can be influenced by culture, individual medical care, diet intervention, and physical activity plans.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; mbutler4@kumc.edu.
authors.forename: Merlin G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Butler
authors.affiliation: Institute for Measurement, Methodology, Analysis & Policy, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas;
authors.forename: Jaehoon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas;
authors.forename: Ann M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Manzardo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Loma Linda University Medical School, Loma Linda, California;
authors.forename: June-Anne
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Gold
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; and.
authors.forename: Jennifer L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, California.
authors.forename: Virginia
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kimonis
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; and.
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Driscoll
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001837:Body Weights and Measures; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006128:Growth; D057238:Growth Charts; D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011218:Prader-Willi Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D019382:Human Growth Hormone
keywords: Prader-Willi syndrome; children; genetic subtype; standardized growth charts