title: Dispersive solid-phase microextraction and capillary electrophoresis separation of food colorants in beverages using diamino moiety functionalized silica nanoparticles as both extractant and pseudostationary phase.
abstract: In this work, a new method for the determination of food colorants in beverage samples is developed, using diamino moiety functionalized silica nanoparticles (dASNPs) as both adsorbents in dispersive solid-phase microextraction (dSPME) and pseudostationary phases (PSPs) in capillary electrophoresis (CE) separation. dASNPs were firstly used as adsorbents for the preconcentration of four colorants by the dSPME process. After that, colorants were efficiently separated by CE using 30 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.0) containing 2 mM β-CD and 0.9 mg/mL dASNPs as additives. All factors influencing dSPME and CE separations were optimized in detail. The investigated analytes showed good linearities with correlation coefficients (R(2)) higher than 0.9932. The limits of detection for the four food colorants were between 0.030 and 0.36 mg/L, which are lower than those reported previously. The established method was also used to analyze four colorants in beverage samples with recoveries ranging from 82.7% to 114.6%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time to use NPs both as extractants in dSPME and pseudostationary phases in CE for the analytical purpose.
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China.
authors.forename: Feng-Jie
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China.
authors.forename: Chuan-Ting
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China. Electronic address: tanganna@nankai.edu.cn.
authors.forename: An-Na
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D001391:Azo Compounds / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001557:Benzenesulfonates / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001628:Beverages / Q000032:analysis*; D002329:Carmine / Q000302:isolation & purification; D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary; D005505:Food Coloring Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D057230:Limit of Detection; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction / Q000379:methods; D013645:Tartrazine / Q000302:isolation & purification; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D001391:Azo Compounds; D001557:Benzenesulfonates; D005505:Food Coloring Agents; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D002329:Carmine; C006796:brilliant blue; C005842:6-hydroxy-5-((p- sulfophenyl)azo)-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid disodium salt; D013645:Tartrazine; C031215:betadex
keywords: Capillary electrophoresis; Diamino moiety functionalized silica nanoparticles; Dispersive solid-phase microextraction; Food colorants