title: Quantitative detection of uric acid by electrochemical-surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy using a multilayered Au/Ag substrate.
abstract: Uric acid is a potential important biomarker in urine and serum samples for early diagnosis of preeclampsia, a life-threatening hypertensive disorder that occurs during pregnancy. Preeclampsia is a leading cause of maternal death, especially in developing nation settings. Quantitative detection of uric acid for rapid and routine diagnosis of early preeclampsia using electrochemical-surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (EC-SERS) is presented herein. A uniform EC-SERS active Au/Ag substrate was developed by depositing nearly monodisperse gold and silver nanoparticles on the carbon working electrode surface of screen printed electrodes. The multilayered Au/Ag substrates were characterized by electron microscopy and used for quantitative detection of uric acid in 0.1 M NaF and synthetic urine at clinically relevant concentrations. These results showed a linear relationship between the EC-SERS signal intensity and the uric acid concentration. Relative errors calculated for selected concentrations were all within the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) criterion for uric acid analysis (±17%). It is believed that routine and early diagnosis of disease could be possible through such quantitative detection of biomarkers in patient samples using this EC-SERS method.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Saint Mary's University , Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3C3, Canada.
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Blackburn
authors.forename: Christa L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Brosseau
mesh_terms: D055664:Electrochemical Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry*; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods*; D013499:Surface Properties; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000652:urine*; D014556:Urine / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D014527:Uric Acid; D012834:Silver; D006046:Gold