title: Clinical Significance of Fecal Lactoferrin and Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction in Patients with Acute Diarrhea.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The diagnostic yield of fecal leukocyte and stool cultures is unsatisfactory in patients with acute diarrhea. This study was performed to evaluate the clinical significance of the fecal lactoferrin test and fecal multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in patients with acute diarrhea.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical parameters and laboratory findings, including fecal leukocytes, fecal lactoferrin, stool cultures and stool multiplex PCR for bacteria and viruses, were evaluated prospectively for patients who were hospitalized due to acute diarrhea.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 54 patients were included (male, 23; median age, 42.5 years). Fecal leukocytes and fecal lactoferrin were positive in 33 (61.1%) and 14 (25.4%) patients, respectively. Among the 31 patients who were available for fecal pathogen evaluation, fecal multiplex PCR detected bacterial pathogens in 21 patients, whereas conventional stool cultures were positive in only one patient (67.7% vs 3.2%, p=0.000). Positive fecal lactoferrin was associated with presence of moderate to severe dehydration and detection of bacterial pathogens by multiplex PCR (21.4% vs 2.5%, p=0.049; 100% vs 56.5%, p=0.032, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fecal lactoferrin is a useful marker for more severe dehydration and bacterial etiology in patients with acute diarrhea. Fecal multiplex PCR can detect more causative organisms than conventional stool cultures in patients with acute diarrhea.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Hae Mi
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Seungok
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Bo-In
authors.initials: BI
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Wook
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Jekarl
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Joo-Yong
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Hye-Jung
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Bong Koo
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Joo
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Im
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Joon Sung
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong In
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Byung-Wook
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Hwang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D003681:Dehydration / Q000201:enzymology / Q000382:microbiology; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000150:complications / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000382:microbiology; D005243:Feces / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007781:Lactoferrin / Q000032:analysis*; D008297:Male; D060885:Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D007781:Lactoferrin
keywords: Acute diarrhea; Fecal lactoferrin; Fecal leukocytes; Multiplex polymerase chain reaction