title: Impact of ellagic acid in bone formation after tooth extraction: an experimental study on diabetic rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the impact of ellagic acid (EA) towards healing tooth socket in diabetic animals, after tooth extraction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four Sprague Dawley male rats weighing 250-300 g were selected for this study. All animals were intraperitoneally injected with 45 mg/kg (b.w.) of freshly prepared streptozotocin (STZ), to induce diabetic mellitus. Then, the animals were anesthetized, and the upper left central incisor was extracted and the whole extracted sockets were filled with Rosuvastatin (RSV). The rats were separated into three groups, comprising 8 rats each. The first group was considered as normal control group and orally treated with normal saline. The second group was regarded as diabetic control group and orally treated with normal saline, whereas the third group comprised diabetic rats, administrated with EA (50 mg/kg) orally. The maxilla tissue stained by eosin and hematoxylin (H&E) was used for histological examinations and immunohistochemical technique. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were used to evaluate the healing process in the extracted tooth socket by immunohistochemistry test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The reactions of immunohistochemistry for FGF-2 and ALP presented stronger expression, predominantly in EA treated diabetic rat, than the untreated diabetic rat.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that the administration of EA combined with RSV may have accelerated the healing process of the tooth socket of diabetic rats, after tooth extraction.
authors.affiliation: Centre of Studies for Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mazen M Jamil
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Al-Obaidi
authors.affiliation: Centre of Studies for Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Fouad Hussain
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Al-Bayaty
authors.affiliation: Centre of Studies for Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Rami
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5412-3346
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Al Batran
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Jalan Hospital, Sungai Buloh Campus, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia ; DDH CoRe, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Jamal
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hussaini
authors.affiliation: Center of Preclinical Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Goot Heah
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Khor
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D004610:Ellagic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013311:Streptozocin; D014081:Tooth Extraction; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001786:Blood Glucose; D016207:Cytokines; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D004610:Ellagic Acid; D013311:Streptozocin; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase