title: [Effects of smoking on venous cannulation pain: a randomized prospective trial].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It has been demonstrated that smoking increases pain perception; however the effect of smoking on perception of pain during venous cannulation is not known. The purpose of this study is to determine whether or not smoking has an effect on pain perception due to peripheral venous cannulation.
  
  
  METHODS
  220 patients scheduled to have elective surgery were enrolled in the study and were divided into two groups (Group S and C, n=110 for each) according to their smoking habits. Numerical rating scale was introduced to the patients and then peripheral venous cannulation at the dorsum of the hand was made with a 20G intracath. Pain perception of the patients was scored by subsequent numerical rating scale questioning.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The demographic characteristics of the groups were identical. Numerical rating scale scores in Group S and C were 3.31±1.56 and 1.65±1.23, respectively (p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pain perception due to peripheral venous cannulation is higher in smokers. Future studies on pain treatment should consider the smoking habits of patients.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Anestesiologia e Reanimação, Dokuz Eylul University Medical Faculty, Konak, Turquia. Electronic address: vhanci@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Volkan
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hanci
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Anestesiologia e Reanimação, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University Medical Faculty, Canakkale, Turquia.
authors.forename: Hasan Ali
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Kiraz
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Anestesiologia e Reanimação, Dokuz Eylul University Medical Faculty, Konak, Turquia.
authors.forename: Dilek
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Omür
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Anestesiologia e Reanimação, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University Medical Faculty, Canakkale, Turquia.
authors.forename: Serpil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ekin
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Anestesiologia e Reanimação, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University Medical Faculty, Canakkale, Turquia.
authors.forename: Berna
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Uyan
authors.affiliation: Clínica de Anestesiologia e Reanimação, Katip Celebi University Izmir Ataturk Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turquia.
authors.forename: Derya Arslan
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Yurtlu
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Anestesiologia e Reanimação, Dokuz Eylul University Medical Faculty, Konak, Turquia.
authors.forename: Serhan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yurtlu
keywords: Cateterismo periférico; Dor; Hábito de Fumar; Pain; Smoking; Venous cannulation