title: Salvianolic acid B inhibits platelets-mediated inflammatory response in vascular endothelial cells.
abstract: Salvianolic acid B (SAB) is a hydrophilic component isolated from the Chinese herb Salviae miltiorrhizae, which has been used clinically for the treatment of ischemic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Platelets-mediated vascular inflammatory response contributes to the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. In this paper, we focus on the modulating effects of SAB on the inflammatory reaction of endothelial cells triggered by activated platelets. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (EA.hy926) were pretreated with SAB followed by co-culture with ADP-activated platelets. Adhesion of platelets to endothelial cells was observed by amorphological method. The activation of nuclear factor-kappa B was evaluated by NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation and the protein phosphorylation. A determination of the pro-inflammatory mediators (ICAM-1, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1) mRNA and protein were also conducted. In addition, the inhibitory effects of SAB on platelets activation were also evaluated using a platelet aggregation assay and assessing the release level of soluble P-selectin. The results showed that SAB dose-dependently inhibited ADP- or α-thrombin-induced human platelets aggregation in platelet rich plasma (PRP) samples, and significantly decreased soluble P-selectin release from both agonists stimulated washed platelets. It was also found that pre-treatment with SAB reduced adhesion of ADP-activated platelets to EA.hy926 cells and inhibited NF-κB activation. In addition, SAB significantly suppressed pro-inflammatory mediators mRNA and protein in EA.hy926 cells in a dose-dependent manner. These results indicated that, in addition to its inhibitory effects on platelets activation, SAB was able to attenuate platelets-mediated inflammatory responses in endothelial cells even if the platelets had already been activated. This anti-inflammatory effect was related to the inhibition of NF-κB activation. Our findings suggest that SAB may be a potential candidate for the treatment of various atherosclerotic diseases.
authors.affiliation: Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 314 An Shan Xi Road, Nan Kai District, Tianjin 300193, China. Electronic address: xushixintj@163.com.
authors.forename: Shixin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 An Shan Xi Road, Nan Kai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
authors.forename: Aiqin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 314 An Shan Xi Road, Nan Kai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
authors.forename: Xiaokun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Bu
authors.affiliation: Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 An Shan Xi Road, Nan Kai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
authors.forename: Huining
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 An Shan Xi Road, Nan Kai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 An Shan Xi Road, Nan Kai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
authors.forename: Xiaomin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 314 An Shan Xi Road, Nan Kai District, Tianjin 300193, China. Electronic address: tjzhtcm@163.com.
authors.forename: Junping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D001572:Benzofurans / Q000737:chemistry*; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000166:cytology*; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D018450:Disease Progression; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000737:chemistry; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D019007:P-Selectin / Q000097:blood; D028321:Plant Preparations; D010974:Platelet Aggregation; D012313:RNA / Q000032:analysis; D027544:Salvia; D053630:Depsides
chemical_list: D001572:Benzofurans; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D016328:NF-kappa B; D019007:P-Selectin; D028321:Plant Preparations; D012313:RNA; C076944:salvianolic acid B; D053630:Depsides
keywords: Atherosclerosis; Endothelial cells; Inflammation; Platelets; Salvianolic acid B