title: Glutathione S-transferase as a toxicity indicator in general anesthesia: genetics and biochemical function.
abstract: General anesthesia may lead in patients to unexpected and adverse reactions including toxicity. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are enzymes responsible for the detoxification process of anesthetic agents. Plasma and urine GST measurements are used in multiple studies as a hepatocellular integrity or renal injury indicator. The importance of GST enzyme measurements in monitoring the hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effect in anesthetized patients is presented. The biochemical function and specific properties of GST render it a prognostic biomarker. This review demonstrates that GST can be valuable and promising toxicity indicator in patients undergoing general anesthesia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Regional Hospital, Poznan, Poland.
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mikstacki
authors.affiliation: The NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland; Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
authors.forename: Oliwia
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Zakerska-Banaszak
authors.affiliation: Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences in Poznan, Poznan, Poland. Electronic address: mskrzypczakzielinska@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Marzena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Skrzypczak-Zielinska
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Regional Hospital, Poznan, Poland.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tamowicz
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland; Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences in Poznan, Poznan, Poland.
authors.forename: Marlena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Szalata
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland; Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences in Poznan, Poznan, Poland.
authors.forename: Ryszard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Slomski
mesh_terms: D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018681:Anesthetics, General / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000201:enzymology / Q000209:etiology; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000201:enzymology; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D018681:Anesthetics, General; D015415:Biomarkers; D005982:Glutathione Transferase
keywords: Anesthesia; GST; Genetics; Toxicity