title: Ecotoxicological assessment of organic wastes spread on land: Towards a proposal of a suitable test battery.
abstract: The land spreading of organic wastes in agriculture is a common practice in Europe, under the regulation of the Directive 86/278/EEC. One of the objectives of this Directive is to prevent harmful effects of organic wastes on soil, plants and animals. Despite this regulatory framework, there is still a lack of harmonized ecotoxicological test strategy to assess the environmental hazard of such wastes. The aim of this study was to provide a first step towards the a priori ecotoxicological assessment of organic wastes before their land use. For that purpose, nine different organic wastes were assessed using direct (i.e. terrestrial tests) and indirect (i.e. tests on water eluates) approaches, for a total of thirteen endpoints. Then, multivariate analyzes were used to discriminate the most relevant test strategy, among the application rates and bioassays used. From our results, a draft of test strategy was proposed, using terrestrial bioassays (i.e. earthworms and plants) and a concentration range between one and ten times the recommended application rates of organic wastes.
authors.affiliation: Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques, Parc Technologique ALATA, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France; Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux UMR 7360 CNRS - Université de Lorraine, Campus Bridoux, rue du Général Delestraint, 57070 Metz, France.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Huguier
authors.affiliation: Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques, Parc Technologique ALATA, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Manier
authors.affiliation: Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques, Parc Technologique ALATA, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
authors.forename: Laure
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chabot
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux UMR 7360 CNRS - Université de Lorraine, Campus Bridoux, rue du Général Delestraint, 57070 Metz, France.
authors.forename: Pascale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bauda
authors.affiliation: Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques, Parc Technologique ALATA, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France. Electronic address: pascal.pandard@ineris.fr.
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pandard
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay; D054750:Ecotoxicology / Q000379:methods; D005060:Europe; D006256:Hazardous Waste; D009835:Oligochaeta / Q000187:drug effects; D010944:Plants / Q000187:drug effects; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D012987:Soil; D018675:Toxicity Tests / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D006256:Hazardous Waste; D012987:Soil
keywords: Aquatic bioassays; Organic wastes; Terrestrial bioassays; Test battery