title: Nutritional status evaluation in patients affected by bethlem myopathy and ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy.
abstract: Collagen VI mutations lead to disabling myopathies like Bethlem myopathy (BM) and Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy (UCMD). We have investigated the nutritional and metabolic status of one UCMD and seven BM patients (five female, three male, mean age 31 ± 9 years) in order to find a potential metabolic target for nutritional intervention. For this study, we used standard anthropometric tools, such as BMI evaluation and body circumference measurements. All results were compared to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), considered the "gold standard" method. Energy intake of each patient was evaluated through longitudinal methods (7-day food diary) while resting energy expenditure (REE) was predicted using specific equations and measured by indirect calorimetry. Clinical evaluation included general and nutritional blood and urine laboratory analyses and quantitative muscle strength measurement by hand-held dynamometry. BM and UCMD patients showed an altered body composition, characterized by low free fat mass (FFM) and high fat mass (FM), allowing us to classify them as sarcopenic, and all but one as sarcopenic-obese. Another main result was the negative correlation between REE/FFM ratio (basal energy expenditure per kilograms of fat-free mass) and the severity of the disease, as defined by the muscle megascore (correlation coefficient -0.955, P-value <0.001). We postulate that the increase of the REE/FFM ratio in relation to the severity of the disease may be due to an altered and pathophysiological loss of energetic efficiency at the expense of skeletal muscle. We show that a specific metabolic disequilibrium is related to the severity of the disease, which may represent a target for a nutritional intervention in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nutrition and Lifestyle, Department of Diagnostic, Clinical and Public Health Medicine , Modena , Italy.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Toni
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nutrition and Lifestyle, Department of Diagnostic, Clinical and Public Health Medicine , Modena , Italy.
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Morandi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nutrition and Lifestyle, Department of Diagnostic, Clinical and Public Health Medicine , Modena , Italy.
authors.forename: Marcello
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Busacchi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nutrition and Lifestyle, Department of Diagnostic, Clinical and Public Health Medicine , Modena , Italy.
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tardini
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli , Bologna , Italy.
authors.forename: Luciano
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Merlini
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nutrition and Lifestyle, Department of Diagnostic, Clinical and Public Health Medicine , Modena , Italy.
authors.forename: Nino Carlo
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Battistini
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nutrition and Lifestyle, Department of Diagnostic, Clinical and Public Health Medicine , Modena , Italy.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pellegrini
keywords: basal energy expenditure; body composition; collagen VI; muscular dystrophies; nutritional assessment