title: Salinomycin inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in human uterine leiomyoma cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-proliferative effect of the salinomycin in cell proliferation and apoptosis in primary cultured human uterine leiomyoma cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cell viability was measured by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. Caspase-3 activity assay and DNA fragmentation assay were performed to determine the effect of apoptosis. The expression of apoptosis regulatory-related proteins was evaluated by western blot.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The cell viability and proliferation of uterine leiomyoma cells were significantly reduced by salinomycin treatment in a dose-dependent manner. DNA fragmentation assay results showed apoptotic cell death after salinomycin incubation. Salinomycin activated caspase-3, -8, and -9, causing apoptosis in uterine leiomyoma cells. Down-regulation of Bcl-2, XIAP, and FLIP with a concomitant increase in Bax, Fas, and DR5 were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results provided the first evidence that salinomycin induce both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis. Therefore, salinomycin may be a promising chemopreventive and therapeutic agent against human uterine leiomyoma.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Cancer Research, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Gyo
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: So Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Hoon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Gi Su
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Chang Ho
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Institute for Cancer Research, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Som
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Soon Do
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Cha
authors.affiliation: Institute for Cancer Research, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea. ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Chi Heum
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Cho
keywords: Apoptosis; Extrinsic; Intrinsic; Leiomyoma; Salinomycin