title: Serum creatinine levels and risk of metabolic syndrome in a middle-aged and older Chinese population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) persistently increased. Several studies have found serum creatinine (SCr) concentrations related to cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. The relationship between SCr concentrations and MetS is unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured SCr concentrations and MetS in 22363 individuals (10,151 males, 12,212 females) from the Dongfeng-Tongji Cohort in Shiyan, China from 2008 to 2009.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of MetS was 30.6% in the study population. In the multivariable-adjusted logistic regression analyses, higher SCr concentrations were associated with a higher risk of MetS (P trend<0.0001). Compared with the lowest extreme quintiles, subjects with the highest quintiles had 1.34 fold risk of MetS (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.22-1.47). The SCr concentrations were also associated with the individual component of MetS. In addition, higher SCr concentrations were associated with higher risk of MetS with more components.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a graded positive association between the SCr concentrations and MetS risk in a middle aged and older Chinese population. Higher SCr concentrations, even within normal ranges, were associated with higher risk of MetS. The SCr might be a useful indicator of MetS and its related diseases.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Dongfeng Central Hospital, Dongfeng Motor Corporation and Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.
authors.forename: Xiulou
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Dongfeng Central Hospital, Dongfeng Motor Corporation and Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Yaru
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors.lastname: Peipei Wu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors.lastname: Xuezhen Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors.lastname: Kuai Yu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors.lastname: Xiayun Dai
authors.affiliation: Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Xiaomin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors.lastname: Huan Guo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors.lastname: Youjie Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors.lastname: Weihong Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors.lastname: Sheng Wei
authors.affiliation: Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.affiliation: Dongfeng Central Hospital, Dongfeng Motor Corporation and Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.
authors.lastname: Xinwen Min
authors.affiliation: Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Dongfeng Central Hospital, Dongfeng Motor Corporation and Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.
authors.lastname: Handong Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Frank B
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors.lastname: Tangchun Wu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. Electronic address: hemeian@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Meian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D044466:Asian People; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D003404:Creatinine
keywords: Chronic kidney disease; Metabolic syndrome; Renal function; Serum creatinine