title: Novel HIT antibody detection method using Sonoclot® coagulation analyzer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Since heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), caused by the generation of antibodies against platelet factor 4 (PF4)/heparin complexes (HIT antibodies), may induce serious complications due to thrombosis, a prompt diagnosis is desirable. Functional tests with platelet activation to detect HIT antibodies are useful for diagnosis of HIT, in particular (14)C-selotonin release assay (SRA). However, they are complicated and so can be performed only in limited laboratories. We tested if a blood coagulation test using Sonoclot® analyzer can serve for the detection of HIT antibodies.
  
  
  METHODS
  A murine monoclonal antibody (HIT-MoAb) against PF4/heparin complexes was used as an alternative to human HIT antibodies. To the mixture of HIT-MoAb and heparin (0.5 U/mL, final), whole blood obtained from a healthy volunteer was added, and then the activated clotting time (ACT), clot rate (CR), and area under the curve (AUC) were measured with Sonoclot® analyzer for 30minutes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The HIT-MoAb (30 to 100μg/mL, final) concentration dependently suppressed the anticoagulation activity (prolongation of ACT and decrease of CR and AUC) of heparin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The suppression of anticoagulation effect of heparin by HIT-MoAb was demonstrated by measurements using Sonoclot® analyzer. This method may provide a new tool for screening of HIT antibodies.
authors.affiliation: Research Projects on Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 3-15-18, Asahigaoka, Tarumi-ku, Kobe, 655-0033, Japan; Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Kobe Co-Medical College, 7-1-21, Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe, 654-0142, Japan. Electronic address: vya10606@nifty.com.
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wanaka
authors.affiliation: Research Projects on Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 3-15-18, Asahigaoka, Tarumi-ku, Kobe, 655-0033, Japan.
authors.forename: Reiko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Asada
authors.affiliation: Research Projects on Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 3-15-18, Asahigaoka, Tarumi-ku, Kobe, 655-0033, Japan.
authors.forename: Kumiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyashita
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.affiliation: Kobe Co-Medical College, 7-1-21, Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe, 654-0142, Japan.
authors.forename: Hirokazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yatomi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000737:chemistry*; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived / Q000737:chemistry; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000737:chemistry; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001777:Blood Coagulation; D001780:Blood Coagulation Tests; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006493:Heparin / Q000737:chemistry; D006494:Heparin Antagonists / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D015539:Platelet Activation; D010978:Platelet Factor 4 / Q000276:immunology; D013921:Thrombocytopenia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology*; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D000925:Anticoagulants; D006494:Heparin Antagonists; D010978:Platelet Factor 4; D006493:Heparin
keywords: Blood coagulation activity; Heparin induced thrombocytopenia; Monoclonal antibody; Sonoclot