title: Molecular genetic study of novel biomarkers for early diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Early detection and treatment of an oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is critical because of its rapid growth, frequent lymph-node metastasis, and poor prognosis. However, no clinically-valuable methods of early diagnosis exist, and genetic analysis of OSCCs has yielded no biomarkers.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated the expression of genes associated with inflammation in OSCCs via a quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis of microarray data. Tumor and normal tissues from five patients with an OSCC were used for microarray analysis. Differentially-expressed genes, identified using permutation, local pooled error (LPE), t-tests, and significance analysis of microarrays (SAM), were selected as candidate genetic markers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two groups corresponding to tissue identity were evident, implying that their differentially-expressed genes represented biological differences between tissues. Fifteen genes were identified using the Student's paired t-test (p<0.05) and the SAM, with a false discovery rate of less than 0.02. Based on gene expression, these 15 genes can be used to classify an OSCC. A genetic analysis of functional networks and ontologies, validated by using a qRT-PCR analysis of the tissue samples, identified four genes, ADAM15, CDC7, IL12RB2 and TNFRSF8, that demonstrated excellent concordance with the microarray data.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study demonstrated that four genes (ADAM15, CDC7, IL12RB2 and TNFRSF8) had potential as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and the treatment of an OSCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 275-1, Yeongeon-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea, leejongh@snu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yong-Deok
authors.forename: Jeon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Eun-Hyoung
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yeon-Sun
authors.forename: Pang
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kang-Mi
authors.forename: Lee
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jin-Yong
authors.forename: Cho
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sung-Hwan
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tae-Yun
authors.forename: Park
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tae-Sung
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Soung-Min
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Myung-Jin
authors.forename: Lee
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jong-Ho
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm