title: Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Ruta chalepensis L. growing wild in Lebanon.
abstract: The essential oils (EOs) isolated from the fresh aerial parts of Ruta chalepensis L. collected in North Lebanon were obtained by solvent-free microwave extraction (Milestone®), yielding 0.12% EO from both the leaves and a mixture of stems and leaves. The EOs were characterized by GC/MS analysis, and 27 components were identified, which were primarily ketones (88.0-93.2%). The main components were nonan-2-one and undecan-2-one. The antimicrobial activity of the EOs against a Gram-positive and a Gram-negative bacterium, a yeast, and a dermatophyte was evaluated using the broth-microdilution technique and expressed as minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). The EOs revealed moderate in vitro antifungal activity against Trichophyton rubrum and Candida albicans.
authors.affiliation: CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, F-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette (phone: +33-1-69823610; fax: +33-1-69823784); Department of Agricultural Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Kaslik, B.P. 446, Jounieh, Lebanon.
authors.forename: Madona
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khoury
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stien
authors.forename: Naïm
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ouaini
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Eparvier
authors.forename: Nelly
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Arnold Apostolides
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: El Beyrouthy
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D007861:Lebanon; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D032105:Ruta / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D009822:Oils, Volatile
keywords: Antimicrobial activity; Essential oils; Nonan-2-one; Ruta chalepensis; Undecan-2-one