title: Impact of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/redox factor-1 on treatment response and survival in oral squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/redox factor-1 (APE1/Ref-1) is a multifunctional protein involved in DNA repair and redox signaling. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between APE1/Ref-1 expression and clinicopathological features, survival, and treatment response in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and cell lines.
  
  
  METHODS
  APE1/Ref-1 expression in OSCC was evaluated by immunohistochemistry, and its relationship to patient outcomes and treatment response was assessed statistically. The effects of stable short hairpin (sh)RNA-mediated knockdown of APE1/Ref-1 on cell survival, migration, and chemoradiation sensitivity were determined in OSCC cell lines.
  
  
  RESULTS
  APE1/Ref-1 immunostaining was correlated with positive lymph node status, and higher APE1/Ref-1 expression was significantly associated with poor prognosis and reduced treatment response. Consistent with the clinical studies, APE1/Ref-1 expression in OSCC cell lines was implicated in the regulation of migration and cisplatin-induced apoptosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Elevated APE1/Ref-1 expression may be used to predict poor survival and may confer chemoresistance in OSCC.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kan-Tai
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Hsia
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.|Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Taipei Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chung-Ji
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, Zhongxiao Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kwei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mar
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Li-Han
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chun-Shu
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.|Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.|Division of Histological and Clinical Pathology, Hualien Armed Forced General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ming-Fang
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Herng-Sheng
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shang-Yi
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Chiu
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D054443:Cell Migration Assays; D002470:Cell Survival; D043603:DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality*; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C085108:APEX1 protein, human; D043603:DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase
keywords: apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease/redox factor 1 (APE1/Ref-1); cisplatin; immunohistochemistry; knockdown; oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC)