title: Dysphonia as a sign of HPV laryngeal infection: a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Voice dysfunction or dysphonia may be associated with several clinical conditions. Among these, laryngeal human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced lesions should be considered as a possible causative factor. We report a case of dysphonia in a patient presenting with an HPV laryngeal lesion. We also discuss the clinical features of the disease, its histopathological findings, and treatment and rigorous follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report a case of laryngeal papilloma in a 29-year-old, Afro-descendant, male patient with dysphonia. He was a non-smoker and was not a drug user. Videolaryngostroboscopy revealed signs suggestive of pharyngolaryngeal reflux. The right vocal fold presented with a papillomatous aspect in the posterior third, which underwent excision. Histopathological examination showed a nodular lesion of the right vocal fold, conclusive of squamous papilloma with absence of malignancy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients presenting with persistent voice dysfunction or dysphonia should be investigated for possible laryngeal HPV infection. Diagnostic confirmation by HPV genotyping is important for follow-up of potential recurrence.
authors.forename: Carlos Eduardo Gama
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Longubuco
authors.affiliation: Ginecology and Obstetrics Outpatient Care, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, Brazil. dr.hbarroso@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Helena Lucia Barroso
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: dos Reis
authors.forename: Fernanda Sampaio
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Cavalcante
authors.forename: Carla Renata Petillo
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: de Pinho
authors.forename: Nathalia Silva
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Alcina Frederica
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Nicol
authors.forename: Renata Quintella
authors.initials: RQ
authors.lastname: Zamolyi
authors.forename: Dennis de Carvalho
authors.initials: Dde C
authors.lastname: Ferreira
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D055154:Dysphonia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D052163:Human papillomavirus 6 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007828:Laryngoscopy / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D010212:Papilloma / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014741:Video Recording; D014827:Vocal Cords / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000821:virology