title: Microbicidal activity of neutrophils is inhibited by isolates from recurrent vaginal candidiasis (RVVC) caused by Candida albicans through fungal thioredoxin reductase.
abstract: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is characterized by an infection of the vulva and vagina, mainly caused by Candida albicans, a commensal microorganism that inhabits the vaginal, digestive, and respiratory mucosae. Vulvovaginal candidiasis affects approximately 75% of women, and 5% develop the recurrent form (RVVC). The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether neutrophils microbicidal response is triggered when activated with RVVC isolates caused by C. albicans. Our results showed that RVVC isolates induced neutrophil migration but significantly decrease the microbicidal activity of neutrophils, compared with VVC and ASS isolates. The microbicidal activity of neutrophils is highly dependent on the production of reactive oxygen species/reactive nitrogen species (ROS/RNS). However, this isolate induced detoxification of ROS/RNS produced by neutrophils, reflected by the high level of thiol groups and by the oxygen consumption. Therefore, RVVC isolates induced biochemical changes in the inflammatory response triggered by neutrophils, and these effects were mainly related to the detoxification of ROS/RNS through the thioredoxin reductase (TR), a key antioxidant enzyme in fungi. This might be one of the resistance mechanisms triggered by RVVC caused by C. albicans.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-graduação em Biociências Aplicadas á Farmácia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5.790, CEP 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bianca Altrão
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Ratti
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-graduação em Biociências Aplicadas á Farmácia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5.790, CEP 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Janine Silva Ribeiro
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Godoy
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5.790, CEP 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Patrícia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: de Souza Bonfim Mendonça
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5.790, CEP 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Danielle Lazarin
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Bidóia
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5.790, CEP 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tânia Ueda
authors.initials: TU
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5.790, CEP 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Celso Vataru
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Biomedicina, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5.790, CEP 87020-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcia Edilaine
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Lopes Consolaro
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Biomedicina, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5.790, CEP 87020-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Terezinha Inez
authors.initials: TI
authors.lastname: Estivalet Svidzinski
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5.790, CEP 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil. Electronic address: lautenschlager@uem.br.
authors.forename: Sueli
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: de Oliveira Silva
mesh_terms: D002176:Candida albicans / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D002181:Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal / Q000382:microbiology; D002465:Cell Movement; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D005260:Female; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006997:Hypochlorous Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D061251:Primary Cell Culture; D012008:Recurrence; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D013880:Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D014621:Vagina / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D006997:Hypochlorous Acid; D013880:Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase
keywords: Candida albicans; Neutrophils; Oxidants species; Thioredoxin reductase