title: Effect of linoleic acid sustained-release microspheres on Microcystis aeruginosa antioxidant enzymes activity and microcystins production and release.
abstract: The objective of this work was to identify the optimal dose range for good anti-algal effect of linoleic acid (LA) sustained-release microspheres and investigate their impact on the antioxidant enzymes (super oxide dismutase, Catalase and Peroxidase) activity changes of Microcystis aeruginosa, as well as the production and release of microcystins (MCs). Based on measured changes in algal cell density and inhibitory ratio (IR), the optimal dose of LA microspheres was 0.3 g L(-1) with over 90% of IR in this study. The Chlorophyll a content and antioxidant enzymes activity in the LA microspheres group decreased markedly until beyond the minimal detection limit after 16 d and 9 d, respectively. In addition, LA microspheres demonstrated no significant impact on the extracellular release of MCs during the culturing period. The amount of intracellular microcystin-LR (MC-LR) per 10(6) algal cells in LA microspheres group was highest among all groups during the whole experimental process. Under the sustained stress of LA released from LA microspheres, the LA microspheres could decrease the production and release of algal toxins. There was no increase in the total amount of MC-LR in the algal cell culture medium. These indicated that LA sustained-release microspheres represent a high degree of ecological safety and their practical applications for the treatment of water undergoing algal blooms need further study.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE, School of Environment, Hohai University, 210098 Nanjing, China. Electronic address: nilixiao@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Lixiao
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE, School of Environment, Hohai University, 210098 Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoting
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jie
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE, School of Environment, Hohai University, 210098 Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Peifang
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, 210097 Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Shiyin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, 210097 Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Guoxiang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE, School of Environment, Hohai University, 210098 Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Yiping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE, School of Environment, Hohai University, 210098 Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Desert Research Institute, Las Vegas, NV 89119, USA.
authors.forename: Kumud
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Acharya
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000032:analysis; D000077194:Chlorophyll A; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D005068:Eutrophication / Q000187:drug effects*; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008387:Marine Toxins; D052998:Microcystins / Q000378:metabolism*; D046931:Microcystis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology*; D008863:Microspheres; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D008387:Marine Toxins; D052998:Microcystins; D002734:Chlorophyll; D019787:Linoleic Acid; C057862:cyanoginosin LR; D000077194:Chlorophyll A
keywords: Antioxidant enzymes activity; Chlorophyll a; Linoleic acid sustained-release microspheres; Microcystins; Microcystis aeruginosa