title: Evaluation of usefulness of serum insulin as sensitive predictor of cardiovascular dysfunction in obese individuals with normal lipid profile.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Prevalence of obesity and its subsequent cardiometabolic complications is on exponential rise. Hyperinsulinemia develops in obese individuals long before other metabolic derangements of obesity take place and may be a common pathophysiological factor tying together various components of cardiometabolic dysfunction.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Present study was aimed at evaluating the role of insulin as a sensitive and independent cardiovascular risk marker in apparently healthy overweight and obese individuals with normal lipid profile.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was an opd based case Control study including 100 overweight and obese individuals with normal lipid profile & 100 age and sex matched normal weight healthy controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were evaluated based on detailed history, clinical examination and laboratory investigations. Blood samples were collected after overnight fast. Serum insulin was estimated by chemiluminescence method, glucose and lipid profile (CHOLESTEROL, HDL, TG, LDL) by chemical assays on a fully automated analyser system.
  
  
  METHODS
  RESULTS were analyzed by unpaired t-test, p-value was determined & Correlation coefficient was calculated amongst various parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant difference was noted in mean values of BMI (29.69±1.28 VS 23.47±1.09), waist / hip ratio (0.91±0.07 VS 0.79±0.05) and serum insulin (10.54±2.5 VS 5.94±1.53) (p<0.01) in cases as compared to controls respectively. Glucose levels were high in cases (89.58±8.0 mg/dl) as compared to controls (88.8±7.56 mg/dl) but the difference was statistically insignificant (p=0.11). Hyperinsulinemia was observed in 41 cases & 4 controls. Serum insulin highly correlated with Waist/ hip ratio (R=0.53) than BMI (R=0.26).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Study suggests Insulin; a simple, sensitive & independent cardiovascular risk predictor in obesity even with normal lipid profile with a potential to reveal hidden burden of metabolic dysfunction and offers a hope that, cardiovascular event can be well prevented with appropriate interventions.
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Terna Medical College , Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India .
authors.forename: Amruta A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Bakshi
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College , Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India .
authors.forename: Jayashree S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Bavikar
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College , Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India .
authors.forename: Shilpa B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Asegaonkar
authors.affiliation: Ex Professor and Head, Department of Biochemistry, Govt Medical College , Aurangabad, India .
authors.forename: Jayashree S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Bardapurkar
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College , Nanded, Maharashtra, India .
authors.forename: Vijay
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Domple
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Lokmanya Tilak med College , Mumbai, Maharashtra, India .
authors.forename: Pooja Sk
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Rai
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Lokmanya Tilak med College , Mumbai, Maharashtra, India .
authors.forename: Smita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pawar
keywords: Cardiovascular disease; Insulin resistance; Lipid profile; Obesity; Serum insulin; Waist/ hip ratio