title: Psychotherapy Utilization Among Rural and Urban Veterans From 2007 to 2010.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated change in rural and urban veterans' psychotherapy use during a period of widespread effort within the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) to engage rural veterans in mental health care.
  
  
  METHODS
  National VHA administrative databases were queried for patients receiving a new diagnosis of depression, anxiety, or posttraumatic stress disorder in fiscal years (FY) 2007 and 2010. Using the US Department of Agriculture Rural-Urban Continuum Codes, we identified urban (FY 2007: n = 192,347; FY 2010: n = 231,471) and rural (FY 2007: n = 72,923; FY 2010: n = 81,905) veterans. Veterans' psychotherapy use during the 12 months following diagnosis was assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From FY 2007 to 2010, the proportion of veterans receiving any psychotherapy increased from 17% to 22% for rural veterans and 24% to 28% for urban veterans. Rural veterans were less likely to receive psychotherapy across both fiscal years; however, the magnitude of this disparity decreased significantly from 2007 (odds ratio [OR] = 1.51) to 2010 (OR = 1.41). Similarly, although urban veterans received more psychotherapy sessions, urban-rural disparities in the receipt of 8 or more psychotherapy sessions decreased over the study period (2007: OR = 2.32; 2010: OR = 1.69).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rural and urban veterans are increasingly making use of psychotherapy, and rural-urban gaps in psychotherapy use are shrinking. These improvements suggest that recent VHA efforts to engage rural veterans in care have been successful at reducing differences between rural and urban veterans with respect to access and engagement in psychotherapy.
authors.affiliation: VA HSR&D Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas.|Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.|VA South Central Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Houston, Texas, Little Rock, Arkansas.|National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, White River Junction, Vermont.
authors.forename: Juliette M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Mott
authors.affiliation: VA South Central Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Houston, Texas, Little Rock, Arkansas.|VA HSR&D Center for Mental Health Outcomes Research, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, North Little Rock, Arkansas.|Department of Psychiatry, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas.
authors.forename: Kathleen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Grubbs
authors.affiliation: VA HSR&D Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas.|VA South Central Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Houston, Texas, Little Rock, Arkansas.|Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Shubhada
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sansgiry
authors.affiliation: VA South Central Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Houston, Texas, Little Rock, Arkansas.|VA HSR&D Center for Mental Health Outcomes Research, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, North Little Rock, Arkansas.|Department of Psychiatry, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas.
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Fortney
authors.affiliation: VA HSR&D Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas.|Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.|VA South Central Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Houston, Texas, Little Rock, Arkansas.
authors.forename: Jeffrey A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cully
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008605:Mental Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011613:Psychotherapy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D019035:Rural Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D019037:Urban Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014728:Veterans / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: health services research; psychotherapy; rural mental health; veterans