title: Burden of illness for osteoporotic fractures compared with other serious diseases among postmenopausal women in the United States.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To provide a national estimate of the incidence of hospitalizations due to osteoporotic fractures (OFs) in women; compare this with the incidence of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and breast cancer; and assess temporal trends in the incidence and length of hospitalizations.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included all women 55 years and older at the time of admission, admitted to a hospital participating in the US Nationwide Inpatient Sample for an outcome of interest. We performed a retrospective analysis of hospitalizations for OFs (hip, forearm, spine, pelvis, distal femur, wrist, and humerus), MI, stroke, or breast cancer, using the US Nationwide Inpatient Sample, 2000-2011.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From 2000 to 2011, there were 4.9 million hospitalizations for OF, 2.9 million for MI, 3.0 million for stroke, and 0.7 million for breast cancer. Osteoporotic fractures accounted for more than 40% of the hospitalizations in these 4 outcomes, with an age-adjusted rate of 1124 admissions per 100,000 person-years. In comparison, MI, stroke, and breast cancer had age-adjusted incidence rates of 668, 687, and 151 admissions per 100,000 person-years, respectively. The annual total population facility-related hospital cost was highest for hospitalizations due to OFs ($5.1 billion), followed by MI ($4.3 billion), stroke ($3.0 billion), and breast cancer ($0.5 billion).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data provide evidence that in US women 55 years and older, the hospitalization burden of OFs and population facility-related hospital cost is greater than that of MI, stroke, or breast cancer. Prioritization of bone health and supporting programs such as fracture liaison services is needed to reduce this substantial burden.
authors.affiliation: Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Singer
authors.affiliation: ICON plc., San Francisco, CA. Electronic address: Alex.Exuzides@ICONplc.com.
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Exuzides
authors.affiliation: Amgen, Thousand Oaks, CA.
authors.forename: Leslie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Spangler
authors.affiliation: Amgen, Thousand Oaks, CA.
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: O'Malley
authors.affiliation: ICON plc., San Francisco, CA.
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Colby
authors.affiliation: ICON plc., San Francisco, CA.
authors.forename: Karissa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Johnston
authors.affiliation: Amgen, Thousand Oaks, CA.
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Agodoa
authors.affiliation: ICON plc., San Francisco, CA.
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.affiliation: Sutter East Bay Medical Foundation, Berkeley, CA.
authors.forename: Risa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kagan
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology; D017281:Cost of Illness; D005260:Female; D017721:Hospital Costs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology; D020380:Needs Assessment; D058866:Osteoporotic Fractures / Q000145:classification / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D020521:Stroke / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D016270:United States Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality / Q000706:statistics & numerical data