title: Anti-inflammatory effects of trilinolein from Panax notoginseng through the suppression of NF-κB and MAPK expression and proinflammatory cytokine expression.
abstract: In this study, we have investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of trilinolein (TL) using a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse macrophage (RAW264.7) and carrageenan (Carr)-induced mouse paw edema model. When RAW264.7 macrophages were treated with different concentrations of TL together with LPS, a significant concentration-dependent inhibition of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-1 (IL-1β), and IL-6 production was detected. Western blotting revealed that TL blocked the protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), IκBα, and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). In the anti-inflammatory test, TL decreased the paw edema at the 5th h after λ-Carr administration in paw edema. We also demonstrated TL significantly attenuated the malondialdehyde (MDA) level in the edema paw at the 5th h after Carr injection. TL decreased the NO and TNF-α levels on the serum level at the 5th h after Carr injection. Western blotting revealed that TL decreased Carr-induced iNOS and COX-2 expressions at the 5th h in the edema paw. The anti-inflammatory mechanisms of TL might be related to the decrease in the level of iNOS, COX-2, IκBα, and MAPK pathway through the suppression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shyh-Shyun
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Jeng-Shyan
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Jaung-Geng
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Chao-Ying
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Guan-Jhong
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D002351:Carrageenan; D002460:Cell Line; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D053723:Panax notoginseng / Q000737:chemistry*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014280:Triglycerides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D002351:Carrageenan; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C009564:trilinolein
keywords: Anti-Inflammation; Chinese Medicine; MDA; NO; TNF-α; Trilinolein