title: Thermal cycling effect of dicalcium phosphate-reinforced composites on auto-mineralized dental resin.
abstract: The mineralizing capabilities of surface-modified dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA), reinforced and treated with nanocrystals and capped with silane, in composite resins were analyzed via thermal cycling. We compared two light-curable composites that were mixed at filler-to-resin mass ratios of 30/70 and 50/50. The strengths, elastic moduli, and topographical structures of the samples were determined after thermal cycling between 5 and 55°C in deionized water for 600 and 2400 cycles. Silane-capped particles decreased the strength but enhanced the mineralizing capability of the composites. Nanocrystal-treated filler surfaces significantly increased the strength and moduli of the composites after 600 thermal cycles. However, these values declined after 2400 thermal cycles. The nanocrystal-treated filler surfaces prevented the reduction in strength before and after 2400 thermal cycles. Prior to silane capping, the nanocrystal-treated DCPA filler surfaces exhibited good mineralization capability without compromising strength. The potential for barrier generation through mineralization yielded positive effects and prevented micro-leakages.
authors.affiliation: Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, College of Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan, ROC; Dental Medical Devices and Materials Research Center, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, ROC. Electronic address: wencchen@fcu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Wen-Cheng
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, College of Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan, ROC; Dental Medical Devices and Materials Research Center, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Kai-Chi
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, College of Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan, ROC; Dental Medical Devices and Materials Research Center, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Hui-Yu
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, College of Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan, ROC; Dental Medical Devices and Materials Research Center, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Chia-Ling
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.affiliation: Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, College of Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Chien-Lin
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D008422:Materials Testing; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D012117:Resins, Synthetic / Q000737:chemistry*; D012821:Silanes / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D003188:Composite Resins; D012117:Resins, Synthetic; D012821:Silanes; C485829:calcium phosphate, dibasic, anhydrous
keywords: Coupling agents; Particle-reinforced composites; Smart materials; Surface modifications; Transmission electron microscopy