title: Frequency dependent viscoelastic properties of porcine bladder.
abstract: The aim of this study was to measure the viscoelastic properties of bladder tissue. Porcine bladders were dissected into rectangular strips and loops. Dynamic Mechanical Analysis was used to measure the viscoelastic properties of the bladder tissue (storage and loss stiffness) tested in a frequency range of up to 10 Hz. Storage stiffness was found to be consistently higher than loss stiffness. Average storage stiffness was found to be 1.89 N/mm and 0.74 N/mm for looped and rectangular samples, respectively. Average loss stiffness was found to be 0.24 N/mm and 0.11 N/mm for looped and rectangular samples, respectively. The results of this study are important for computational modelling of the bladder and for ensuring that engineered bladder tissues have physiological viscoelastic properties.
authors.affiliation: School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Barnes
authors.affiliation: School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK. Electronic address: d.e.shepherd@bham.ac.uk.
authors.forename: D E T
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Shepherd
authors.affiliation: School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Espino
authors.affiliation: School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Bryan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004548:Elasticity; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013552:Swine; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000166:cytology; D014783:Viscosity
keywords: Bladder; Dynamic mechanical analysis; Loss; Mechanical properties; Porcine; Stiffness; Storage; Viscoelasticity