title: A culturally and linguistically responsive vocabulary approach for young Latino dual language learners.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examined the role of the language of vocabulary instruction in promoting English vocabulary in preschool Latino dual language learners (DLLs). The authors compared the effectiveness of delivering a single evidence-informed vocabulary approach using English as the language of vocabulary instruction (English culturally responsive [ECR]) versus using a bilingual modality that strategically combined Spanish and English (culturally and linguistically responsive [CLR]).
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-two DLL Spanish-speaking preschoolers were randomly assigned to the ECR group (n=22) or CLR group (n=20). Thirty English words were presented during small-group shared readings in their preschools 3 times a week for 5 weeks. Multilevel models were used to examine group differences in postinstruction scores on 2 Spanish and 2 English vocabulary assessments at instruction end and follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Children receiving instruction in the CLR bilingual modality had significantly higher posttest scores (than those receiving the ECR English-only instruction) on Spanish and English vocabulary assessments at instruction end and on the Spanish vocabulary assessment at follow-up, even after controlling for preinstruction scores.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results provide additional evidence of the benefits of strategically combining the first and second language to promote English and Spanish vocabulary development in this population. Future directions for research and clinical applications are discussed.
authors.forename: Lucía I
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Méndez
authors.forename: Elizabeth R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Crais
authors.forename: Dina C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.forename: Kirsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kainz
mesh_terms: D002663:Child Language; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003466:Cultural Characteristics; D004521:Educational Measurement; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000193:education*; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D007807:Language Tests; D008037:Linguistics; D008297:Male; D019303:Multilingualism; D009657:North Carolina; D012574:Schools; D013663:Teaching; D014825:Vocabulary