title: Detection of multi-drug resistance & characterization of mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from North- Eastern States of India using GenoType MTBDRplus assay.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Information on drug resistance tuberculosis is sparse from North-East (N-E) States of India. We undertook this study to detect multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) among MDR-TB suspects, and common mutations among MDR-TB cases using GenoType MTBDRplus.
  
  
  METHODS
  All MDR suspect patients deposited sputum samples to peripheral designated microscopy centres (DMC) in North-East States. The district TB officers (DTOs) facilitated the transport of samples collected during January 2012 to August 2012 to our laboratory. The line probe assay to detect common mutations in the rpoB gene for rifampicin (RIF) and katG and inhA genes for isoniazid (INH), respectively was performed on 339 samples or cultures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 553 sputum samples from MDR suspects were received of which, 181 (32.7%) isolates were found to be multi-drug resistant. Missing WT8 along with mutation in codon S531L was commonest pattern for rifampicin resistant isolates (65.1%) and missing WT along with mutations in codon S315T1 of katG gene was commonest pattern for isoniazid resistant isolates (86.2%). Average turn-around time for dispatch of LPA result to these States from cultures and samples was 23.4 and 5.2 days, respectively. INTERPRETATIONS & CONCLUSIONS: The MDR-TB among MDR-TB suspects in North-Eastern States of India was found to be 32.7 per cent. The common mutations obtained for RIF and INH in the region were mostly similar to those reported earlier.
authors.forename: Ritu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Singhal
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, National Institute of Tuberculosis & Respiratory Diseases (formerly Lala Ram Sarup Institute of Tuberculosis & Respiratory Diseases), New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Vithal Prasad
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Myneedu
authors.forename: Jyoti
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arora
authors.forename: Niti
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Girish Chander
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Sah
authors.forename: Rohit
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sarin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D002374:Catalase / Q000235:genetics*; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics*; D012293:Rifampin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013183:Sputum / Q000382:microbiology; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; C505805:rpoB protein, Mycobacterium tuberculosis; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D002374:Catalase; C480353:katG protein, Mycobacterium tuberculosis; C085257:InhA protein, Mycobacterium; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases; D007538:Isoniazid; D012293:Rifampin