title: Novel synthesis and characterization of a collagen-based biopolymer initiated by hydroxyapatite nanoparticles.
abstract: In this study, we developed a novel synthesis method to create a complex collagen-based biopolymer that promises to possess the necessary material properties for a bone graft substitute. The synthesis was carried out in several steps. In the first step, a ring-opening polymerization reaction initiated by hydroxyapatite nanoparticles was used to polymerize d,l-lactide and glycolide monomers to form poly(lactide-co-glycolide) co-polymer. In the second step, the polymerization product was coupled with succinic anhydride, and subsequently was reacted with N-hydroxysuccinimide in the presence of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide as the cross-linking agent, in order to activate the co-polymer for collagen attachment. In the third and final step, the activated co-polymer was attached to calf skin collagen type I, in hydrochloric acid/phosphate buffer solution and the precipitated co-polymer with attached collagen was isolated. The synthesis was monitored by proton nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared and Raman spectroscopies, and the products after each step were characterized by thermal and mechanical analysis. Calculations of the relative amounts of the various components, coupled with initial dynamic mechanical analysis testing of the resulting biopolymer, afforded a preliminary assessment of the structure of the complex biomaterial formed by this novel polymerization process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bhuiyan
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Jablonsky
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kolesov
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Middleton
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Wick
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Program in Chemical and Molecular Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA. Electronic address: irena.tannenbaum@stonybrook.edu.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tannenbaum
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001704:Biopolymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D002417:Cattle; D003094:Collagen / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry*; D055119:Elastic Modulus; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D008422:Materials Testing; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D058105:Polymerization; D066244:Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013696:Temperature; D013818:Thermogravimetry; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001704:Biopolymers; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D003094:Collagen; D017886:Durapatite
keywords: Biodegradable polymer; Collagen; Hydroxyapatite; PLGA