title: Lymphangiography to treat postoperative lymphatic leakage: a technical review.
abstract: In addition to imaging the lymphatics and detecting various types of lymphatic leakage, lymphangiography is a therapeutic option for patients with chylothorax, chylous ascites, and lymphatic fistula. Percutaneous thoracic duct embolization, transabdominal catheterization of the cisterna chyli or thoracic duct, and subsequent embolization of the thoracic duct is an alternative to surgical ligation of the thoracic duct. In this pictorial review, we present the detailed technique, clinical applications, and complications of lymphangiography and thoracic duct embolization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
authors.forename: Edward Wolfgang
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, Korea.
authors.forename: Heung Kyu
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, Korea.
authors.forename: Jihong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, Korea.
authors.forename: Soo Hwan
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyu-Bo
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Sung
mesh_terms: D002404:Catheterization; D002916:Chylothorax / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy; D002915:Chylous Ascites / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D008220:Lymphography; D013897:Thoracic Duct / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
keywords: Chylothorax; Chylous ascites; Lymphangiography; Lymphatic fistula