title: Mucoadhesive microparticles for gastroretentive delivery: preparation, biodistribution and targeting evaluation.
abstract: The aim of this research was to prepare and characterize alginate-chitosan mucoadhesive microparticles containing puerarin. The microparticles were prepared by an emulsification-internal gelatin method using a combination of chitosan and Ca2+ as cationic components and alginate as anions. Surface morphology, particle size, drug loading, encapsulation efficiency and swelling ratio, in vitro drug released, in vitro evaluation of mucoadhesiveness and Fluorescence imaging of the gastrointestinal tract were determined. After optimization of the formulation, the encapsulation efficiency was dramatically increased from 70.3% to 99.2%, and a highly swelling ratio was achieved with a change in particle size from 50.3 ± 11.2 μm to 124.7 ± 25.6 μm. In ethanol induced gastric ulcers, administration of puerarin mucoadhesive microparticles at doses of 150 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg, 450 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg body weight prior to ethanol ingestion significantly protected the stomach ulceration. Consequently, significant changes were observed in inflammatory cytokines, such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and interleukin1β (IL-1β), in stomach tissues compared with the ethanol control group. In conclusion, core-shell type pH-sensitive mucoadhesive microparticles loaded with puerarin could enhance puerarin bioavailability and have the potential to alleviate ethanol-mediated gastric ulcers.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resources Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Haidian District, Beijing 100088, China. 201221190039@mail.bnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jing-Yi
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China.
authors.forename: Li-Na
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resources Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Haidian District, Beijing 100088, China. mfy@bnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Fan-Yun
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China. cuiyl@tju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yuan-Lu
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Cui
mesh_terms: D000268:Adhesiveness; D000464:Alginates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D048271:Chitosan / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D005780:Gelatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D020723:Glucuronic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D006603:Hexuronic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D007529:Isoflavones / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D008863:Microspheres; D010316:Particle Size; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D014018:Tissue Distribution / Q000502:physiology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D007529:Isoflavones; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D005780:Gelatin; D048271:Chitosan; D015232:Dinoprostone; C033607:puerarin