title: The role of K₂p channels in anaesthesia and sleep.
abstract: Tandem two-pore potassium channels (K2Ps) have widespread expression in the central nervous system and periphery where they contribute to background membrane conductance. Some general anaesthetics promote the opening of some of these channels, enhancing potassium currents and thus producing a reduction in neuronal excitability that contributes to the transition to unconsciousness. Similarly, these channels may be recruited during the normal sleep-wake cycle as downstream effectors of wake-promoting neurotransmitters such as noradrenaline, histamine and acetylcholine. These transmitters promote K2P channel closure and thus an increase in neuronal excitability. Our understanding of the roles of these channels in sleep and anaesthesia has been largely informed by the study of mouse K2P knockout lines and what is currently predicted by in vitro electrophysiology and channel structure and gating.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Sir Ernst Chain Building, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK, e.steinberg11@imperial.ac.uk.
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Steinberg
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Wafford
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Brickley
authors.forename: N P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Franks
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wisden
mesh_terms: D000758:Anesthesia; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D015640:Ion Channel Gating / Q000502:physiology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism*; D024683:Potassium Channels, Tandem Pore Domain / Q000378:metabolism*; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D024683:Potassium Channels, Tandem Pore Domain; D011188:Potassium