title: Advancing the HIV cure agenda: the next 5 years.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore how ethical considerations, improved diagnostics and data from clinical trials might see the lowering of some of the barriers blocking a cure for HIV infection over the next 5 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Despite the recent well publicized but eventually disappointing case reports, there remains only one successful HIV cure, the 'Berlin patient'. We will review the data suggesting that more potent agents might achieve in-vivo viral activation and explore the tantalizing phenomenon of 'posttreatment control' following treatment in primary HIV infection. We will also explore how new assays and novel interventions might move the field forward.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a need for new agents that can be safely tested to impact the viral reservoir, a more meaningful understanding of how to assay patient samples, and research into mechanisms behind how the reservoir is established and impacted by therapy. With HIV+ve individuals responding so well to antiretroviral therapy, new trials must be tested hand-in-hand with guidance from patient representatives, especially with respect to determining the acceptable risk. The road to a cure is going to be difficult, but it is vital that inevitable disappointments do not detract from the final goal, which remains worth striving for.
authors.affiliation: aDivision of Medicine, Wright Fleming Institute, Imperial College, London bCollaborative HIV Eradication of Reservoirs: UK BRC (CHERUB) cImperial National Institute of Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, London dNuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research eInstitute for Emerging Infections, The Oxford Martin School fOxford National Institute of Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK *Sarah Fidler and John Frater contributed equally to the writing of this article.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thornhill
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fidler
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Frater
mesh_terms: D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D015415:Biomarkers; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D060740:Disease Eradication / Q000639:trends*; D004197:Disease Reservoirs / Q000821:virology; D015195:Drug Design; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods; D017735:Virus Latency / Q000502:physiology; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D015415:Biomarkers; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors