title: Subplate in a rat model of preterm hypoxia-ischemia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Hypoxia-ischemia (HI) in preterm infants primarily leads to injuries in the cerebral white matter. However, there is growing evidence that perinatal injury in preterms can also involve other zones including the cortical gray matter. In a neonatal rat model of HI, selective vulnerability of subplate has been suggested using BrdU birth-dating methods. In this study, we aimed to investigate the neuropathological changes of the subplate and deep layers of the cortex following cerebral HI in neonatal rats with specific cell markers.
  
  
  METHODS
  P2 rats underwent permanent occlusion of the right common carotid artery followed by a period of hypoxia. P8 rats were analyzed using immunohistochemistry; subplate and deep layers cells were quantified and compared with sham-operated case.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A large variability in the extent of the cerebral injury was apparent. For the three analyzed subplate populations (Nurr1+, Cplx3+, and Ctgf+ cells), no significant cell reduction was observed in mild and moderate cases. Only in severe cases, subplate cells were strongly affected, but these injuries were always accompanied by the cell reductions in layers VI and V.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We could therefore not confirm a specific vulnerability of subplate cells compared to other deep layers or the white matter in our model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford Oxford, United Kingdom ; Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Hyogo College of Medicine Hyogo, Japan.
authors.forename: Chika
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Okusa
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Franziska
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Oeschger
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ginet
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Wei-Zhi
authors.initials: WZ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hoerder-Suabedissen
authors.affiliation: Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Hyogo College of Medicine Hyogo, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuyama
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Anita C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Truttmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Zoltán
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Molnár