title: Are resin composites suitable replacements for amalgam? A study of two-body wear.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Wear resistance is an important property of the dental materials, particularly for large restorations in the posterior regions and for the patients suffering from parafunctional activities. Additionally, the wear resistance of flowable composite resin materials is a clinical concern, although they are popular among dentists because of their easy handling. The aims of the present study were to evaluate the wear resistance of nine composite resins both condensable (G-aenial posterior, Venus, GrandioSO, Tetric EvoCeram, Ceram X duo, Filtek Supreme XTE) and new-generation flowable resin composites (G-aenial Universal Flo, GrandioSO Flow and GrandioSO Heavy Flow) and to compare these results with amalgam.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight specimens of each material were subjected to two-body wear tests, using a chewing simulator. The wear region of each material was examined under profilometer, measuring the vertical loss (μm) and the volume loss (mm(3)) of the materials. Additionally, SEM analysis was performed to assess surfaces irregularities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed significant difference of the vertical loss and the volume loss of the examined materials (p < 0.001). Although amalgam had the best wear resistance, two condensable resin composites (GrandioSO, Ceram X duo) and all flowable materials had no significant difference with amalgam. GrandioSO had the highest wear resistance and Filtek Supreme XTE the lowest wear resistance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The majority of resin composites had good wear resistance and similar to amalgam.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on the in vitro measurements of two-body wear resistance, the new resin composites could replace amalgam for restorations placed in occlusal stress-bearing regions. New-generation flowable resin materials may also be used in occlusal contact restorations.
authors.affiliation: Dental Clinic 1-Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Friedrich-Alexander-University, Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Glückstrasse 11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany, lazaridoudimi@yahoo.gr.
authors.forename: Dimitra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lazaridou
authors.forename: Renan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Belli
authors.forename: Anselm
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Petschelt
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Lohbauer
mesh_terms: D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D003723:Dental Amalgam / Q000737:chemistry*; D019554:Dental Restoration Wear; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: C520091:CeramX; D003188:Composite Resins; C474035:Filtek Supreme; C000613960:Grandioso Flow; C501891:Tetric EvoCeram; D003723:Dental Amalgam