title: Morphologic outcome of bimaxillary surgery--an anthropometric appraisal.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To adequately perform orthognathic surgery procedures, it is from basic interest to understand the morphologic changes caused by orthognathic surgery. Anthropometric analyses of standardized frontal view and profile photographs could help to investigate and understand such changes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present a pre- to postoperative evaluation of orthognathic surgery results based on anthropometric indices described by Farkas and cephalometric measurements. 30 Class III patients undergoing maxillary advancement by Le Fort I Osteotomy and mandibular setback by bilateral sagittal split osteotomy were evaluated. Preoperative as well as three and nine months postoperative lateral cephalograms as well as standardized frontal view and profile photographs were taken. On the photographs 21 anthropometric indices given by Farkas were evaluated. In cephalograms SNA and SNB angle as well as Wits appraisal were investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The investigated anthropometric indices showed a significant increase of the vertical height of the upper lip without changing the relation of the upper vermilion to the cutaneous upper lip. The lower vermilion height increased relatively to the cutaneous lower lip without vertical changes in the lower lip. Due to maxillary advancement the upper face height increased meanwhile the lower face height decreased due to mandibular setback. SNA and SNB angle and Wits appraisal showed typical changes related to surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The investigated photo-assisted anthropometric measurements presented reproducible results related to bimaxillary surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral & Maxillofacial/Plastic Surgery, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Erlanger Allee 101, 07747 Jena, Germany, raschke.gregor@googlemail.com.
authors.forename: Gregor F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Raschke
authors.forename: Ulrich M
authors.initials: UM
authors.lastname: Rieger
authors.forename: Andre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Peisker
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Djedovic
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gomez-Dammeier
authors.forename: Arndt
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guentsch
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Schaefer
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schultze-Mosgau
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002508:Cephalometry; D005145:Face / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008313:Malocclusion, Angle Class III / Q000601:surgery*; D008437:Maxilla / Q000601:surgery*; D056948:Orthognathic Surgical Procedures; D016896:Treatment Outcome