title: Density, Viscosity and Surface Tension of Binary Mixtures of 1-Butyl-1-Methylpyrrolidinium Tricyanomethanide with Benzothiophene.
abstract: The effects of temperature and composition on the density and viscosity of pure benzothiophene and ionic liquid (IL), and those of the binary mixtures containing the IL 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidynium tricyanomethanide ([BMPYR][TCM] + benzothiophene), are reported at six temperatures (308.15, 318.15, 328.15, 338.15, 348.15 and 358.15) K and ambient pressure. The temperature dependences of the density and viscosity were represented by an empirical second-order polynomial and by the Vogel-Fucher-Tammann equation, respectively. The density and viscosity variations with compositions were described by polynomials. Excess molar volumes and viscosity deviations were calculated and correlated by Redlich-Kister polynomial expansions. The surface tensions of benzothiophene, pure IL and binary mixtures of ([BMPYR][TCM] + benzothiophene) were measured at atmospheric pressure at four temperatures (308.15, 318.15, 328.15 and 338.15) K. The surface tension deviations were calculated and correlated by a Redlich-Kister polynomial expansion. The temperature dependence of the interfacial tension was used to evaluate the surface entropy, the surface enthalpy, the critical temperature, the surface energy and the parachor for pure IL. These measurements have been provided to complete information of the influence of temperature and composition on physicochemical properties for the selected IL, which was chosen as a possible new entrainer in the separation of sulfur compounds from fuels. A qualitative analysis on these quantities in terms of molecular interactions is reported. The obtained results indicate that IL interactions with benzothiophene are strongly dependent on packing effects and hydrogen bonding of this IL with the polar solvent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland ; Thermodynamic Research Unit, School of Chemical Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Howard College Campus, King George V Avenue, Durban, 4001 South Africa.
authors.forename: Urszula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Domańska
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Królikowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Klaudia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Walczak
keywords: ([BMPYR][TCM] + benzothiophene); Dynamic viscosity; Experimental density; Molecular interactions; Surface tension; Thermodynamics