title: Ultrasound assisted microextraction-nano material solid phase dispersion for extraction and determination of thymol and carvacrol in pharmaceutical samples: experimental design methodology.
abstract: In the present study, for the first time, a new extraction method based on "ultrasound assisted microextraction-nanomaterial solid phase dispersion (UAME-NMSPD)" was developed to preconcentrate the low quantity of thymol and carvacrol in pharmaceutical samples prior to their HPLC-UV separation/determination. The analytes were accumulated on nickel sulfide nanomaterial loaded on activated carbon (NiS-NP-AC) that with more detail identified by XRD, FESEM and UV-vis technique. Central composite design (CCD) combined with desirability function (DF) was used to search for optimum operational conditions. Working under optimum conditions specified as: 10 min ultrasonic time, pH 3, 0.011 g of adsorbent and 600 μL extraction solvent) permit achievement of high and reasonable linear range over 0.005-2.0 μg mL(-1) (r(2)>0.9993) with LOD of thymol and carvacrol as 0.23 and 0.21 μg L(-1), respectively. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) were less than 4.93% (n=3).
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, Yasouj University, Yasouj 75918-74831, Iran.
authors.forename: Mostafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roosta
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, Yasouj University, Yasouj 75918-74831, Iran. Electronic address: m_ghaedi@mail.yu.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Mehrorang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ghaedi
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Ilam, Ilam 65315-516, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Daneshfar
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Ilam, Ilam 65315-516, Iran.
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sahraei
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002606:Charcoal / Q000737:chemistry; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D000081007:Cymenes; D004867:Equipment Design; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry; D009532:Nickel / Q000737:chemistry; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000737:chemistry; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013943:Thymol / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014465:Ultrasonics / Q000295:instrumentation*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000081007:Cymenes; D039821:Monoterpenes; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D002606:Charcoal; D013943:Thymol; D009532:Nickel; C073316:carvacrol; C017558:nickel sulfide
keywords: Central composite design; Nano material; Response surface methodology; Solid phase dispersion; Ultrasound assisted microextraction