title: Relation between contemplative exercises and an enriched psychology students' experience in a neuroscience course.
abstract: This article examines the relation of contemplative exercises with enhancement of students' experience during neuroscience studies. Short contemplative exercises inspired by the Buddhist tradition of self-inquiry were introduced in an undergraduate neuroscience course for psychology students. At the start of the class, all students were asked to participate in short "personal brain investigations" relevant to the topic presented. These investigations were aimed at bringing stable awareness to a specific perceptual, emotional, attentional, or cognitive process and observing it in a non-judgmental, non-personal way. In addition, students could choose to participate, for bonus credit, in a longer exercise designed to expand upon the weekly class activity. In the exercise, students continued their "personal brain investigations" for 10 min a day, 4 days a week. They wrote "lab reports" on their daily observations, obtained feedback from the teacher, and at the end of the year reviewed their reports and reflected upon their experiences during the semester. Out of 265 students, 102 students completed the bonus track and their final reflections were analyzed using qualitative methodology. In addition, 91 of the students answered a survey at the end of the course, 43 students participated in a quiz 1 year after course graduation, and the final grades of all students were collected and analyzed. Overall, students reported satisfaction from the exercises and felt they contributed to their learning experience. In the 1-year follow-up, the bonus-track students were significantly more likely than their peers to remember class material. The qualitative analysis of bonus-track students' reports revealed that the bonus-track process elicited positive feelings, helped students connect with class material and provided them with personal insights. In addition, students acquired contemplative skills, such as increased awareness and attention, non-judgmental attitudes, and better stress-management abilities. We provide examples of "personal brain investigations" and discuss limitations of introducing a contemplative approach.
authors.affiliation: Sagol Center for Applied Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Interdisciplinary Center (IDC) Herzliya Herzliya, Israel.
authors.forename: Nava
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Levit Binnun
authors.affiliation: School of Education, Special Education and Educational Counseling Department and The Sagol School for Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tarrasch
keywords: contemplative neuroscience; contemplative pedagogy; pedagogical neuroscience; pedagogical psychology