title: Hereditary gingival fibromatosis: clinical and ultrastructural features of a new family.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This article describes the diagnosis, clinical and microscopic (histopathology and ultrastructural) features and treatment of a new family with hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF) and highlights the importance of this genetic condition.
  
  
  METHODS
  To characterize the pattern of inheritance and the clinical features, members of a new family with HGF were examined. The pedigree was reliably constructed including the four latest generations of family. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and ultrastructural analysis were performed with the gingival tissue.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Examination of the family pedigree revealed that the patient III-2 represent the index patient of this family (initial patient with a mutation), which was transmitted to her daughter through an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. The affected patients showed a generalized gingival overgrowth. The patient was treated with surgical procedures of gingivectomy and gingivoplasty. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology examination that showed a well-structured epithelium with elongated and thin papillae inserted in fibrous connective tissue with increased amount of collagen. The ultrastructural aspects of the tissue show collagen fibrils exhibiting their typically repeating banding pattern with some fibrils displaying loops at their end. Moreover, it was possible to seen in some regions fibrillar component presenting tortuous aspects and loss of the alignment among them.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This HGF frequently resulted in both esthetic and functional problems. The genetic pattern of this Brazilian family suggested a new mutation, which was later transmitted by an autosomal dominant trait.
authors.affiliation: Rua Novo Horizonte, 131 - Zip Code: 39508-000, Jaíba, Minas Gerais, Brazil, sabinapego@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Sabina-Pena-Borges
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Pego
authors.forename: Ricardo D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Coletta
authors.forename: Danilo-Cangussu
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Mendes
authors.forename: Paulo-Rogério
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: de Faria
authors.forename: Mário R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Melo-Filho
authors.forename: Lucas-Rodrigues
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: Hercílio
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Martelli-Júnior
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005351:Fibromatosis, Gingival / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D010375:Pedigree; D010641:Phenotype