title: The novel species Streptococcus tigurinus and its association with oral infection.
abstract: Streptococcus tigurinus is a novel species of viridans streptococci, shown to cause severe invasive infections such as infective endocarditis, spondylodiscitis and meningitis. S. tigurinus belongs to the Streptococcus mitis group and is most closely related to Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae and Streptococcus infantis. The presence of S. tigurinus in the human oral cavity has been documented, including in patients with periodontal disease. This review addresses the available scientific knowledge on S. tigurinus and its association with closely related streptococci, and discusses its putative involvement in common oral infections. While there is as yet no strong evidence on the involvement of S. tigurinus with oral infections, its presence in the oral cavity and its association with endocarditis warrants special attention for a link between oral and systemic infection.
authors.affiliation: a Institute of Medical Virology; University of Zurich ; Zurich , Switzerland.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zbinden
authors.forename: Nagihan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bostanci
authors.forename: Georgios N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Belibasakis
mesh_terms: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004697:Endocarditis, Bacterial / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D064307:Microbiota; D009055:Mouth / Q000382:microbiology*; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000382:microbiology; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D013291:Streptococcus / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology; D034361:Streptococcus mitis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
keywords: Streptococcus mitis group; Streptococcus tigurinus; endocarditis; oral infection; periodontal disease