title: Bringing patients' social context into the examination room: an investigation of the discussion of social influence during contraceptive counseling.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although social networks are an increasingly recognized influence on contraceptive use, little is known about if and how social influences are discussed during women's contraceptive counseling visits.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a mixed-methods analysis of audio recordings of contraceptive counseling visits. We examined predictors of discussion of social influence arising in a contraceptive counseling visit and analyzed the content and process of social influence discussions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Social influences were mentioned in 42% of the 342 visits included in the sample, with these discussions most commonly initiated by patients. Younger patients were more likely to have social influence mentioned than older patients. The content of social influence focused on side effects and adverse events, with the sources of influence being predominantly patients' friends and the media, with little input from partners. Providers were more likely to engage around the content of the social influence than the social influence itself.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The frequency with which social influence was mentioned in these visits supports the importance of women's social context on their contraceptive decision making. However, the fact that patients initiated the discussion in the majority of cases suggests that providers may not recognize the relevance of these influences or may not be comfortable engaging with them. Increasing providers' ability to elicit and engage patients about their social context with regard to contraception could enhance providers' ability to understand women's contraceptive preferences and provide appropriate counseling to address their specific concerns or questions.
authors.affiliation: University of California at Berkeley-University of California-San Francisco Joint Medical Program, University of California, Berkeley, California. Electronic address: kira.levy@ucsf.edu.
authors.forename: Kira
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.affiliation: Women's Global Health Imperative, RTI International, School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: Alexandra M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Minnis
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California.
authors.forename: Maureen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lahiff
authors.affiliation: Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, California.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schmittdiel
authors.affiliation: Department of Family and Community Medicine and Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dehlendorf
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002755:Choice Behavior; D003268:Contraception Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D003270:Contraceptive Agents; D003376:Counseling / Q000379:methods*; D003657:Decision Making; D005193:Family Planning Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D057226:Information Seeking Behavior; D008875:Middle Aged; D011369:Professional-Patient Relations; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012931:Social Environment; D060756:Social Networking; D013637:Tape Recording
chemical_list: D003270:Contraceptive Agents