title: [Analysis of the epidemiological pattern of Shigellosis in Barcelona between 1988 and 2012: Is it an emerging sexually transmitted infection?].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to describe the evolution and epidemiologic characteristics of shigellosis patients over a 25 year period in a large city.
  
  
  METHODS
  Shigellosis is a notifiable disease in Spain since 1988. Cases are analyzed in Barcelona residents included in the registry between 1988-2012. A descriptive analysis by sex, age, mode of transmission and Shigella species is presented. Trend analysis and time series were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 559 cases analyzed, 60.15% were males. A sustained increase was observed in the trend since 2008 in males (p<0,05), especially at the expense of males who had no history of food poisoning or travel to endemic areas. The increasing tendency was greater in males from 21 to 60 years, both for S. flexneri (since 2009), and for S. sonnei (since 2004). In 2012 it was noted that in the men with S. flexneri, the 63% were men who have sex with men.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An increased trend was detected in men who had no history of food poisoning or travel to endemic areas. This increase points to a change in the pattern of shigellosis, becoming predominantly male and its main mechanism probably by sexual transmission.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Epidemiología, Agencia de Salud Pública de Barcelona (ASPB), Programa de Epidemiología de Campo PEAC-Centro Nacional de Epidemiología-Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Programa de Doctorado en Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad Autónoma de Madridorg, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: Dante R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Culqui
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Epidemiología, Agencia de Salud Pública de Barcelona (ASPB), CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, España. Electronic address: polalla@asp.cat.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: García-de-Olalla-Rizo
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciencias Humanas y Sociales, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, España.
authors.forename: Kenedy Pedro
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Alva-Chavez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Epidemiología, Agencia de Salud Pública de Barcelona (ASPB), CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lafuente
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Epidemiología, Agencia de Salud Pública de Barcelona (ASPB), CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rius
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Microbiología, Agencia de Salud Pública de Barcelona (ASPB), Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: Mercè
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Simón
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Microbiología, Agencia de Salud Pública de Barcelona (ASPB), Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sabater
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Epidemiología, Agencia de Salud Pública de Barcelona (ASPB), CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: Joan A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Caylá
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018563:Disease Notification; D004405:Dysentery, Bacillary / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000635:transmission; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009017:Morbidity / Q000639:trends; D012042:Registries; D012307:Risk Factors; D012621:Seasons; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D015231:Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Bacterial / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D012760:Shigella / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D013045:Species Specificity; D014195:Travel; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Epidemiological pattern; Hombres que tienen sexo con hombres; Men who have sex with men; Patrón epidemiológico; Sexual transmission; Shigella; Transmisión sexual