title: Stretched penile length of healthy term neonates: normative values among Igbo babies in southeastern Nigeria.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the normative values of stretched penile length in apparently healthy term Igbo newborn males in South eastern Nigeria and its relationship with gestational age, birth weight and birth length.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight hundred and eleven apparently healthy term male neonates within the first 72 h of life were studied. Enrolled subjects were consecutively delivered babies of Igbo extraction from three hospitals. The stretched penile length was measured using Schonfeld method, and the smoothed centiles (3 rd to 97th percentile values) for stretched penile length by gestational age were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean stretched penile length of term newborns was 3.46 ± 0.44 cm. The lower and upper limits (±2.5 SD) were 2.36-4.56 cm. Stretched penile length correlated positively with birth length and birth weight (r = 0.343, p = 0.001; r = 0.229, p = 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study has created the first smoothed percentile values for stretched penile length by gestational age for Igbo babies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Ugo N
authors.initials: UN
authors.lastname: Chikani
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Josephat M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Chinawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Anthony N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Ikefuna
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria ugochiamadife@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Maryann U
authors.initials: MU
authors.lastname: Ibekwe
mesh_terms: D001724:Birth Weight; D044383:Black People; D001827:Body Height; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D009549:Nigeria; D009929:Organ Size; D010413:Penis / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D012016:Reference Values
keywords: Igbo; gestational age; smoothed percentile values; stretched penile length