title: Lewis histo-blood group system phenotyping and genotyping reveal divergence in the association of Le(a-b-) phenotype and type 1 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The red blood cell Le(a-b-) phenotype was proposed as risk factor for type 1 diabetes, but contradictory results were published elsewhere. This study re-examined the potential association between Lewis histo-blood group system and type 1 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients and controls of both sexes, Caucasians and non-Caucasians, matched by sex, geographical origin and ethnicity were evaluated. The red blood cell Lewis phenotypes were identified by gel column agglutination and also inferred from the FUT2 and FUT3 genotyping.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Le(a-b-) phenotype was prevalent in patients with type 1 diabetes, and the Le(a-b+) phenotype was prevalent in controls when both were determined by gel columns agglutination. No differences were observed in the frequencies of the Le(a-b-) phenotype inferred from the FUT2 and FUT3 genotyping between patients and controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Lewis red blood cell phenotyping and genotyping reveal divergence in the association of Le(a-b-) phenotype and type 1 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Immunogenetics Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, FAMERP, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Previato
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Borim
authors.forename: R D R
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Liberatore
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Pires
authors.forename: M A F
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Brandão de Mattos
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: de Mattos
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005647:Fucosyltransferases / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007983:Lewis Blood Group Antigens / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D000097631:Galactoside 2-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase
chemical_list: D005647:Fucosyltransferases; D007983:Lewis Blood Group Antigens; D000097631:Galactoside 2-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase; C019818:3-galactosyl-N-acetylglucosaminide 4-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase
keywords: FUT2 gene; FUT3 gene; Lewis histo-blood group system; blood group polymorphisms; diabetes mellitus; type 1 diabetes