title: Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenomas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to report the efficacy, safety, and outcomes of endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal techniques for pituitary adenomas.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective data analysis of 32 patients who underwent endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenoma between February 2011 and December 2013 was performed. The patients' demographic data, clinical presentations, radiologic findings, recurrence rates, and complications were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 14 men and 18 women with age ranging from 23 to 74 years (mean age, 48.6 y). Functioning and nonfunctioning tumors were present in 22 (68.8%) and 10 patients (31.2%), respectively. Among the functioning adenomas, 8 patients (25%) had growth hormone-secreting adenomas, 6 patients (18.8%) had prolactinomas, 5 patients (15.6%) had adrenocorticotropic hormone-secreting adenomas, 2 patients (6.2%) had follicle-stimulating hormone/luteinizing hormone-secreting adenomas, and 1 patient (3.1%) had thyroid-stimulating hormone-secreting adenomas. Of the 32 patients, 20 (62.5%) had pituitary macroadenomas and 12 patients (37.5%) had microadenomas. Total-subtotal tumor resection was achieved in 75% and 45% of the microadenomas and macroadenomas, respectively. Radiologically, 60% of the macroadenomas had suprasellar and carvenous sinus extension. Postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leaks occurred in 3 patients. Two patients developed temporary diabetes insipidus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery is an effective and safe treatment for most patients with pituitary adenoma and could be considered the first-choice therapy in these patients.
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of *Otorhinolaryngology, and †Neurosurgery, Katip Celebi University Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ercan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pinar
authors.forename: Nurullah
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yuceer
authors.forename: Abdulkadir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Imre
authors.forename: Gonul
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Guvenc
authors.forename: Onur
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Gundogan
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000601:surgery*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D044583:Neuroendoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013100:Sphenoid Bone / Q000601:surgery; D055815:Young Adult