title: Poor responders in IVF: an update in therapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Assisted reproduction techniques are the frequent treatment of infertility. Despite the advances in science and technology, the management of poor responder patients is still considered as one of the most urgent problems. The lack of unified definition makes the management of the poor responder patients very difficult. The aim of this review is to examine and compare the different studies done about the problem of poor responder patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  On an online research of MEDLINE/PUBMED, we found several studies on pharmacological treatment for poor responders' patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our review shows that in the years numerous therapies for the management of these patients who do not respond to ovarian stimulation have been evaluated and studied, but the main problem is the large and still not well-defined meaning of poor responder women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The management of the poor responder patients is very difficult. Currently, there is no any standard treatment for poor responder patients. Considering the importance of the problem, it is important to identify a diagnostic and therapeutic target. Our review shows that there are many studies with different therapeutic approaches which deserve further in-depth study to standardize diagnostic and therapeutic target.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecologic-Obstetrical Sciences and Urological Sciences, University of Rome Sapienza, Sant'Andrea Hospital , Rome , Italy.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Giovanale
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Pulcinelli
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ralli
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Primiero
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Caserta
mesh_terms: D004351:Drug Resistance; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005300:Fertility Agents, Female / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D065851:Ovarian Reserve; D010060:Ovulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D010062:Ovulation Induction / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D057285:Precision Medicine; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D009626:Terminology as Topic
chemical_list: D005300:Fertility Agents, Female
keywords: Assisted reproductive technologies; controlled ovarian hyperstimulation; female poor responders; ovarian reserve; ovarian reserve tests; ovarian response; poor response