title: Development and characterization of 27 new microsatellite markers for the Indian bullfrog Hoplobatrachus tigerinus and its congeneric species.
abstract: The Indian bullfrog Hoplobatrachus tigerinus and its four congeneric species are common frog species and distributed throughout South Asia. Due to recent human activity, they are facing a changing environment and reduction in natural population size. For effective conservation and molecular ecological studies, we therefore isolated and characterized microsatellite loci for these frogs. We obtained genomic data using an Ion Torrent PGM sequencer and designed 54 primer sets for candidate loci. By screening for polymorphic loci in individuals of H. tigerinus and its congeneric species, we isolated 27 loci as highly polymorphic microsatellite loci. Eight of these loci were commonly applicable for all species except H. chinensis. Within two populations of H. tigerinus, the total number of alleles per locus and expected heterozygosity ranged from 2 to 18 and 0.271 to 0.938, respectively. No significant linkage disequilibrium was observed across all loci, and five showed a significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in some populations after Bonferroni correction. Consequently, our findings suggest that these novel markers will be applicable for conservation genetic studies across varying scales from inter-population to inter-individual.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Amphibian Biology, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University.
authors.forename: Nasrin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sultana
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Igawa
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nozawa
authors.forename: Mohammed Mafizul
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.forename: Mahmudul
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hasan
authors.forename: Mohammad Shafiqul
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Alam
authors.forename: Md Mukhlesur Rahman
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sumida
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001208:Asia; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006579:Heterozygote; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D006801:Humans; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D011156:Population Density; D011892:Rana catesbeiana / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers; D004247:DNA