title: A new population and habitat for Neotricula aperta in the Mekong river of northeastern Thailand: a DNA sequence-based phylogenetic assessment confirms identifications and interpopulation relationships.
abstract: Neotricula aperta (Gastropoda: Pomatiopsidae), the snail intermediate host of Schistosoma mekongi, is found in Cambodia, Laos, and Thailand. We update information on the distribution of this species in the Mekong River and its tributary, the Mun River, in Thailand. DNA sequences of a portion of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 were obtained from N. aperta collected from different locations and used to confirm species and strain identities. Specimens of the β-strain were found in the Mun River, whereas specimens of the γ-strain were found in the Mekong River. The γ-strain (with molecular confirmation of identity) is newly reported from Nong Khai Province, where it occurred in a habitat novel for this species: under paving slabs instead of under natural bed rocks, where agal aufwuchs is extensively located on the islet in the middle of the Mekong River. The new location is approximate 400 km upstream from the nearest previously known site for this species.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand; School of Allied Health Sciences and Public Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
authors.forename: Yanin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Limpanont
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand; School of Allied Health Sciences and Public Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
authors.forename: Phiraphol
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chusongsang
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand; School of Allied Health Sciences and Public Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
authors.forename: Yupa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chusongsang
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand; School of Allied Health Sciences and Public Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
authors.forename: Jareemate
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Limsomboon
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand; School of Allied Health Sciences and Public Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
authors.forename: Oranuch
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sanpool
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand; School of Allied Health Sciences and Public Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
authors.forename: Worasak
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kaewkong
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand; School of Allied Health Sciences and Public Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
authors.forename: Pewpan M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Intapan
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand; School of Allied Health Sciences and Public Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
authors.forename: Penchom
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Janwan
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand; School of Allied Health Sciences and Public Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
authors.forename: Lakkhana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sadaow
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand; School of Allied Health Sciences and Public Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand wanch_ma@kku.ac.th.
authors.forename: Wanchai
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Maleewong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics; D017753:Ecosystem; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D045483:Rivers; D012908:Snails / Q000235:genetics; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D004247:DNA; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV