title: E-cigarette knowledge, attitudes, and use in opioid dependent smokers.
abstract: Individuals in treatment for opioid dependence have smoking rates 3-5 times greater than the U.S. prevalence rate. Traditional smoking cessation strategies have been ineffective in this population. Novel approaches are needed as well as harm reduction avenues. E-cigarettes (e-cigs) may provide such a novel harm reduction and cessation opportunity, but little is known about the knowledge of, attitudes about, and usage of e-cigs in opioid dependent smokers. The current study enrolled 315 opioid dependent smokers (164 methadone, 151 buprenorphine), treated in the same health system in Fall River, Massachusetts. The sample was 49.7% male and 85.1% non-Latino White. Overall 98.7% had heard of e-cigs, 73.0% had ever tried e-cigs, and 33.8% had used e-cigs in the past 30 days. The most common reasons for use were curiosity (41.4%) and to quit all nicotine (26.0%). The proportion of opioid dependent smokers that had ever tried e-cigs and used them in the past month was substantially greater than that found in recent general population surveys. While e-cigs have been used to quit smoking, how to optimize their utility as a cessation tool remains undefined. E-cigs should be a part of smoking cessation discussions with this vulnerable, difficult-to-treat population.
authors.affiliation: Butler Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island; Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island. Electronic address: Michael_Stein@Brown.edu.
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.affiliation: Butler Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island.
authors.forename: Celeste M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Caviness
authors.affiliation: Butler Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island.
authors.forename: Kristin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Grimone
authors.affiliation: Butler Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Audet
authors.affiliation: Butler Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island.
authors.forename: Allison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Borges
authors.affiliation: Butler Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island.
authors.forename: Bradley J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Anderson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D066300:Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems; D005260:Female; D040261:Harm Reduction; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D012907:Smoking / Q000628:therapy*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D014481:United States
keywords: Buprenorphine; E-cigarettes; Methadone; Smoking