title: Relationship between tumour angiogenesis and expression of cyclo-oxygenase-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor-A in human renal cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  *These authors contributed equally to this work. To study the relationship between tumour angiogenesis and expression of cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A in human renal cell carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Archival samples of primary human renal cell carcinoma tissue and surrounding normal renal tissue (control samples) obtained from patients diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma were analysed for COX-2 and VEGF-A expression by immunohistochemistry using specific monoclonal antibodies. Tumour microvasculature was examined using factor VIII-related antigen antibody staining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 33 renal cell carcinoma and 12 control renal tissue specimens were included. COX-2 and VEGF-A genes were overexpressed in tumour specimens compared with normal epithelia. A significant correlation was found between COX-2 and VEGF-A expression. Microvessel density was found to be increased in tumour tissues that expressed COX-2 and VEGF-A.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Microvessel density was increased in tumour tissues that expressed COX-2 and VEGF-A, suggesting that COX-2 and VEGF-A are related to tumour angiogenesis in human renal cell carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine Oncology, The Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumour Translational Medicine, Fuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Sheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Teaching and Research Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China jiangwei7890@163.com.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D055806:Microvessels / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human
keywords: Renal cell carcinoma; cyclooxygenase-2; immunohistochemistry; prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (prostaglandin G/H synthase and cyclo-oxygenase); vascular endothelial growth factor-A