title: Chloroplast Genome of Novel Rice Germplasm Identified in Northern Australia.
abstract: Rice (Oryza sativaL.) was probably domesticated fromO. rufipogonin Asia in the last 10,000 years. Relatives of cultivated rice (A genome species ofOryza) are found in South America, Africa, Australia and Asia. These A genome species are the close relatives of cultivated rice and represent the effective gene pool for rice improvement. Members of this group in Northern Australia include, an annual species,O. meridionalis, and two recently distinguished perennial taxa, to one of which the nameO. rufipogonhas been applied and the other a perennial form ofO. meridionalis. Comparison of whole chloroplast genome sequences of these taxa has now been used to determine the relationships between the wild taxa and cultivated rice. The chloroplast genomes of the perennials were both found to be distinguished fromO. rufipogonfrom Asia by 124 or 125 variations and were distinguished from each other by 53 variations. These populations have remained isolated from the overwhelming genetic impact of the large domesticated rice populations in Asia and may be unique descendants of the gene pool from which domesticated rice arose. The conservation of this wild genetic resource may be critical for global food security.
authors.affiliation: Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brozynska
authors.affiliation: Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: Ernnie Syafika
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Omar
authors.affiliation: Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: Agnelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Furtado
authors.affiliation: Australian Tropical Herbarium, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia.
authors.forename: Darren
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Crayn
authors.affiliation: Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: Bryan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori Japan.
authors.forename: Ryuji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.affiliation: Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: Robert James
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Henry
keywords: Chloroplast sequence; Oryza; Phylogeny; Wild rice