title: MicroRNAs: new players in IBD.
abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs, 18-23 nucleotides long, which act as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. miRNAs are strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of many common diseases, including IBDs. This review aims to outline the history, biogenesis and regulation of miRNAs. The role of miRNAs in the development and regulation of the innate and adaptive immune system is discussed, with a particular focus on mechanisms pertinent to IBD and the potential translational applications.
authors.affiliation: Gastrointestinal Unit, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kalla
authors.affiliation: Gastrointestinal Unit, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: N T
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Ventham
authors.affiliation: Gastrointestinal Unit, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Kennedy
authors.affiliation: Centre for Immunity, Infection and Evolution, Ashworth laboratories, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Quintana
authors.affiliation: Gastrointestinal Unit, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Nimmo
authors.affiliation: Centre for Immunity, Infection and Evolution, Ashworth laboratories, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Buck
authors.affiliation: Gastrointestinal Unit, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Satsangi
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity / Q000235:genetics; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D005819:Genetic Markers / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000235:genetics*; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers; D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY; CROHN'S DISEASE; INTESTINAL TRACT; T LYMPHOCYTES; ULCERATIVE COLITIS