title: Cytokine removal with high cut-off membrane: review of literature.
abstract: During the last decade, blood purification therapies have been proposed as an effective therapy to control the cytokines dysregulation in systemic inflammatory syndromes. Among them, the treatment with high cut-off membranes is characterized by larger pore size and more effective clearance for middle molecular weight molecules (cytokines). In this paper, we performed a thoughtful review of the literature on HCO being used for blood purification indications in all systemic inflammation syndromes. Clinical and experimental studies show that the use of high effluent flows in a pure diffusive treatment effectively removes serum cytokines with a safe profile in albumin clearance. In clinical studies, the removal of these inflammatory mediators is associated with a significant improvement in hemodynamic condition, oxygenation indices, and organ dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: International Renal Research Institute of Vicenza, Vicenza, Italy.
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Villa
authors.forename: Jose J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Zaragoza
authors.forename: Aashish
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Neri
authors.forename: A Raffaele
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: De Gaudio
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ronco
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001779:Blood Coagulation Factors / Q000032:analysis; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006440:Hemofiltration / Q000295:instrumentation; D006801:Humans; D056747:Immunomodulation; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy; D017093:Liver Failure / Q000628:therapy; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009102:Multiple Organ Failure / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy; D010539:Permeability; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000295:instrumentation*; D017582:Renal Replacement Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000032:analysis; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D034421:Sus scrofa; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D001779:Blood Coagulation Factors; D016207:Cytokines; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D012709:Serum Albumin