title: Pluripotent stem cell energy metabolism: an update.
abstract: Recent studies link changes in energy metabolism with the fate of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs). Safe use of PSC derivatives in regenerative medicine requires an enhanced understanding and control of factors that optimize in vitro reprogramming and differentiation protocols. Relative shifts in metabolism from naïve through "primed" pluripotent states to lineage-directed differentiation place variable demands on mitochondrial biogenesis and function for cell types with distinct energetic and biosynthetic requirements. In this context, mitochondrial respiration, network dynamics, TCA cycle function, and turnover all have the potential to influence reprogramming and differentiation outcomes. Shifts in cellular metabolism affect enzymes that control epigenetic configuration, which impacts chromatin reorganization and gene expression changes during reprogramming and differentiation. Induced PSCs (iPSCs) may have utility for modeling metabolic diseases caused by mutations in mitochondrial DNA, for which few disease models exist. Here, we explore key features of PSC energy metabolism research in mice and man and the impact this work is starting to have on our understanding of early development, disease modeling, and potential therapeutic applications.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Tara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Teslaa
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA mteitell@mednet.ucla.edu.
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Teitell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D039904:Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*
keywords: differentiation; epigenetics; metabolism; mitochondria; pluripotency