title: Measuring Left Ventricular Volumes in Two-Dimensional Echocardiography Image Sequence Using Level-set Method for Automatic Detection of End-Diastole and End-systole Frames.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Identifying End-Diastole (ED) and End-Systole (ES) frames is highly important in the process of evaluating cardiac function and measuring global parameters accurately, such as Ejection Fraction (EF), Cardiac Output (CO) and Stroke Volume.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The current study aimed to develop a new method based on measuring volume changes in Left Ventricle (LV) during cardiac cycle.
  
  
  METHODS
  For this purpose, the Level Set method was used both in detecting endocardium border and quantifying cardiac function of all frames.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Demonstrating LV volumes displays ED and ES frames and the volumes used in calculating the required parameters.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Since ES and ED frames exist in iso-volumic phases of the cardiac cycle with minimum and maximum values of LV volume signals, such peaks can be utilized in finding related frames.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Saeed
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Darvishi
authors.affiliation: Department of the Electronic Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Behnam
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Majid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pouladian
authors.affiliation: Echocardiography Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Niloufar
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Samiei
keywords: Cardiac Output; Diastole; Echocardiography; Ejection Fraction; Segmentation; Systole