title: Functionalisation of Ti6Al4V components fabricated using selective laser melting with a bioactive compound.
abstract: Surface modification of an implant with a biomolecule is used to improve its biocompatibility and to reduce post-implant complications. In this study, a novel approach has been used to functionalise phosphonic acid monolayers with a drug. Ti6Al4V components fabricated using selective laser melting (SLM) were functionalised with Paracetamol (a pharmaceutically relevant biomolecule) using phosphonic acid based self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). The attachment, stability of the monolayers on the SLM fabricated surface and functionalisation of SAMs with Paracetamol were studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and surface wettability measurements. The obtained results confirmed that SAMs were stable on the Ti6Al4V surface for over four weeks and then began to desorb from the surface. The reaction used to functionalise the phosphonic acid monolayers with Paracetamol was noted to be successful. Thus, the proposed method has the potential to immobilise drugs/proteins to SAM coated surfaces and improve their biocompatibility and reduce post-implant complications.
authors.affiliation: Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Research Group, School of Engineering, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
authors.forename: Jayasheelan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vaithilingam
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK.
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kilsby
authors.affiliation: Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Research Group, School of Engineering, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK. Electronic address: Ruth.Goodridge@nottingham.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Ruth D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Goodridge
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK.
authors.forename: Steven D R
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Christie
authors.affiliation: School of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Edmondson
authors.affiliation: Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Research Group, School of Engineering, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
authors.forename: Richard J M
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Hague
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen; D000497:Alloys; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry*; D004355:Drug Stability; D007834:Lasers; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000497:Alloys; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; C031462:titanium alloy (TiAl6V4); D000082:Acetaminophen; D014025:Titanium
keywords: Additive manufacturing; Functionalisation; Selective laser melting (SLM); Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs); X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)