title: High risk cohort study for psychiatric disorders in childhood: rationale, design, methods and preliminary results.
abstract: The objective of this study is to present the rationale, methods, design and preliminary results from the High Risk Cohort Study for the Development of Childhood Psychiatric Disorders. We describe the sample selection and the components of each phases of the study, its instruments, tasks and procedures. Preliminary results are limited to the baseline phase and encompass: (i) the efficacy of the oversampling procedure used to increase the frequency of both child and family psychopathology; (ii) interrater reliability and (iii) the role of differential participation rate. A total of 9937 children from 57 schools participated in the screening procedures. From those 2512 (random = 958; high risk = 1554) were further evaluated with diagnostic instruments. The prevalence of any child mental disorder in the random strata and high-risk strata was 19.9% and 29.7%. The oversampling procedure was successful in selecting a sample with higher family rates of any mental disorders according to diagnostic instruments. Interrater reliability (kappa) for the main diagnostic instrument range from 0.72 (hyperkinetic disorders) to 0.84 (emotional disorders). The screening instrument was successful in selecting a sub-sample with "high risk" for developing mental disorders. This study may help advance the field of child psychiatry and ultimately provide useful clinical information.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents (INCT-CNPq), São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Giovanni Abrahão
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Salum
authors.forename: Ary
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gadelha
authors.forename: Pedro Mario
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Tais Silveira
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Moriyama
authors.forename: Ana Soledade
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Graeff-Martins
authors.forename: Ana Carina
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Tamanaha
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Alvarenga
authors.forename: Fernanda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Valle Krieger
authors.forename: Bacy
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fleitlich-Bilyk
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jackowski
authors.forename: João Ricardo
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brietzke
authors.forename: Guilherme Vanoni
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Polanczyk
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Brentani
authors.forename: Jair
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de Jesus Mari
authors.forename: Maria Conceição
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Do Rosário
authors.forename: Gisele Gus
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Manfro
authors.forename: Rodrigo Affonseca
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Bressan
authors.forename: Marcos Tomanik
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Mercadante
authors.forename: Eurípedes Constantino
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Miguel
authors.forename: Luis Augusto
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Rohde
mesh_terms: D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D059906:Neuroimaging; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: cohort; development; genetics; longitudinal; psychiatry