title: Gardenamide A attenuated cell apoptosis induced by serum deprivation insult via the ERK1/2 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways.
abstract: Gardenamide A (GA) is a stable genipin derivative with neuroprotective properties. It rescued pheochromocytoma cell (PC12) sympathetic cultures and retinal neuronal cells from apoptosis insult induced by serum deprivation. GA attenuated the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Western blotting with specific phospho-antibodies indicated that GA increased the phosphorylation of both the protein kinase B (Akt) and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) in PC12 cells. The GA neuroprotective effect was inhibited by either the specific phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002 or the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway inhibitor PD98059. These results propose that the neuroprotective effect of GA on PC12 neuronal cell cultures was mediated through both the PI3K/Akt and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. Therefore, GA may serve as a pharmacological tool to investigate neuroprotective mechanisms of neurons afflicted by different insults.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060, PR China.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Guangzhou Brain Hospital, 36 Mingxin Road, Liwan District,Guangzhou 510370, PR China.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mu
authors.affiliation: Family Planning Service Center of Dongguan, Dongguan 523079, PR China.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy Institute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lazarovici
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Guangzhou 510632, PR China. Electronic address: thrchen@jnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060, PR China. Electronic address: whzheng1231@gmail.com.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D039823:Iridoids / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016716:PC12 Cells; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D012165:Retinal Ganglion Cells; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D039823:Iridoids; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; C000601173:gardenamide A; C007834:genipin; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
keywords: Akt; ERK1/2; Gardenamide A; ROS; cell apoptosis; serum deprivation