title: Laser-induced porous graphene films from commercial polymers.
abstract: The cost effective synthesis and patterning of carbon nanomaterials is a challenge in electronic and energy storage devices. Here we report a one-step, scalable approach for producing and patterning porous graphene films with three-dimensional networks from commercial polymer films using a CO2infrared laser. The sp3-carbon atoms are photothermally converted to sp2-carbon atoms by pulsed laser irradiation. The resulting laser-induced graphene (LIG) exhibits high electrical conductivity. The LIG can be readily patterned to interdigitated electrodes for in-plane microsupercapacitors with specific capacitances of >4 mF cm-2and power densities of ~9 mW cm-2. Theoretical calculations partially suggest that enhanced capacitance may result from LIG's unusual ultra-polycrystalline lattice of pentagon-heptagon structures. Combined with the advantage of one-step processing of LIG in air from commercial polymer sheets, which would allow the employment of a roll-to-roll manufacturing process, this technique provides a rapid route to polymer-written electronic and energy storage devices.
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, USA [2] Smalley Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, USA.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, USA.
authors.forename: Zhiwei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, USA.
authors.forename: Yuanyue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249, USA.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Zepeda
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, USA.
authors.forename: Ruquan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, USA.
authors.forename: Errol L G
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Samuel
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249, USA.
authors.forename: Miguel Jose
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Yacaman
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, USA [2] Smalley Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, USA [3] Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, USA.
authors.forename: Boris I
authors.initials: BI
authors.lastname: Yakobson
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, USA [2] Smalley Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, USA [3] Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, USA.
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Tour