title: Therapeutic effects of GM1 on Parkinson's disease in rats and its mechanism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To observe the effects of GM1 on apomorphine (APO)-induced rotational behavior and the expression of inflammatory factors in 6-hydroxydopamine-induced Parkinson's disease (PD) rat models.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mature and healthy Wistar rats of either sex with body weight of 150-200 g were randomly divided into control group, PD+APO group and PD+APO+GM1 group (10 mg/kg of GM1, intraperitoneally, once a day, for 14 days; each group with 15 rats). PD rat models were prepared by injecting 6-hydroxydopamine into rat's right striatum, and then rotational behavior was induced by intraperitoneal injection of APO 7 days after operation. Rat rotational behavior was observed, and mRNA and protein levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-1Ra (IL-1Ra) were determined, respectively, by RT-PCR and Western blot.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with PD+APO group, the rotational behavior was significantly relieved in PD+APO+GM1 group (p < 0.05). Compared with control group, mRNA and protein expressions of IL-1β in the striatum significantly increased in PD+APO group (p < 0.05). However, mRNA and protein expressions of IL-1β significantly decreased in PD+APO+GM1 group compared with PD+APO group (p < 0.05), but mRNA and protein expressions of IL-1β were also higher in PD+APO+GM1 group than in control group (p < 0.05). mRNA and protein expressions of IL-1Ra in the striatum were significantly higher in PD+APO+GM1 group than in PD+APO group (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GM1 can inhibit inflammatory reaction through decreasing mRNA and protein expressions of IL-1β and increasing mRNA and protein expressions of IL-1Ra with the therapeutic effects on PD.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital , Liaoning Medical University , Jinzhou , China.
authors.forename: Xiao-hong
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Ba
mesh_terms: D018663:Adrenergic Agents / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D000978:Antiparkinson Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001058:Apomorphine / Q000009:adverse effects; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018491:Dopamine Agonists / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005677:G(M1) Ganglioside / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D016627:Oxidopamine / Q000633:toxicity; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013239:Stereotyped Behavior / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D018663:Adrenergic Agents; D000978:Antiparkinson Agents; D018491:Dopamine Agonists; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D005677:G(M1) Ganglioside; D016627:Oxidopamine; D001058:Apomorphine
keywords: GM1; Interleukin-1Ra; Interleukin-1β; Parkinson's disease