title: Risk factors for mortality in liver transplant recipients with ESKAPE infection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although infections caused by the pathogens Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp (ESKAPE) have recently been identified as serious emerging problems in solid organ transplant, no information in liver transplant (LT) recipients is available. We sought to investigate the risk factors for associated mortality in LT recipients with ESKAPE infections.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis of infection after LT was reviewed. Risk factors for mortality caused by ESKAPE infection were identified.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-three episodes of infections caused by ESKAPE were documented in 51 LT recipients. The main sites of infection were the bloodstream (49.0%), the lungs (33.3%), and the intra-abdominal/biliary tract (17.6%). The risk factors for mortality independently associated with ESKAPE infection were female sex (odds ratio [OR] = 6.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.1-40.8, P = .042), septic shock (OR = 30.1, 95% CI = 3.7-244.8, P = .001), and lymphocyte counts <300/mm(3) (OR = 20.2, 95% CI = 2.9-142.2, P = .003).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To improve the results of LT, more effective therapeutic treatments are of paramount importance when female LT recipients with ESKAPE infection present with septic shock and decreased lymphocyte counts.
authors.affiliation: Hospital Infection Management Office, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: X X
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Transplant Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan, China. Electronic address: 13548685542@163.com.
authors.forename: Q Q
authors.initials: QQ
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: Department of Transplant Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Q F
authors.initials: QF
authors.lastname: Ye
mesh_terms: D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000401:mortality*; D006801:Humans; D007710:Klebsiella Infections / Q000401:mortality*; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000401:mortality*; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000401:mortality*; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends; D066027:Transplant Recipients