title: Prenatal administration of neuropeptide bombesin promotes lung development in a rat model of nitrofen-induced congenital diaphragmatic hernia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Fetal medical treatment to improve lung hypoplasia in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) has yet to be established. The neuropeptide bombesin (BBS) might play an important role in lung development. The present study aims to determine whether prenatally administered BBS could be useful to promote fetal lung development in a rat model of nitrofen-induced CDH.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pregnant rats were administered with nitrofen (100mg) on gestation day 9.5 (E9.5). BBS (50mg/kg/day) was then daily infused intraperitoneally from E14, and fetal lungs were harvested on E21. The expression of PCNA was assessed by both immunohistochemical staining and RT-PCR to determine the amount of cell proliferation. Lung maturity was assessed as the expression of TTF-1, a marker of alveolar epithelial cell type II.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The lung-body-weight ratio was significantly increased in CDH/BBS(+) compared with CDH/BBS(-) (p<0.05). The number of cells stained positive for PCNA and TTF-1 was significantly decreased in CDH/BBS(+) compared with CDH/BBS(-) (p<0.01). The TTF-1 mRNA expression levels were significantly decreased in CDH/BBS(+) compared with CDH/BBS(-) (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prenatally administered BBS promotes lung development in a rat model of nitrofen-induced CDH. Neuropeptide BBS could help to rescue lung hypoplasia in fetal CDH.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan. Electronic address: kohei-sk@koto.kpu-m.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Taizo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Furukawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigehisa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fumino
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Higuchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Junko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wakao
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Koseki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeyoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aoi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
authors.forename: Kouji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Masumoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Tatsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tajiri
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001839:Bombesin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D046128:Fetal Therapies / Q000379:methods*; D065630:Hernias, Diaphragmatic, Congenital / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000196:embryology; D008168:Lung / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000187:drug effects / Q000196:embryology*; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010647:Phenyl Ethers / Q000633:toxicity; D011247:Pregnancy; D011270:Pregnancy, Animal; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D010647:Phenyl Ethers; C007350:nitrofen; D001839:Bombesin
keywords: Bombesin; Congenital diaphragmatic hernia; Fetal therapy; Lung hypoplasia; Nitrofen