title: "One of my fears is that physically or mentally, the time will come where I'll be unable to drive anymore. and I'm not looking forward to that": a mixed methods feasibility study to assess older driver's risk impairment.
abstract: Sixty-seven older adults were assessed using multiple validated tools. The current study aimed to identify high-, medium-, and low-risk impairment among older drivers and to explore high-risk drivers' reactions to being told their results. Of 67 adults screened from a convenience sample of older drivers, nine high-risk participants, four completed in-depth follow-up qualitative interviews. The quantitative assessment algorithm identified 13% as high risk, 30% as medium risk, and 57% as low risk, and only Trails B distinguished the medium- and high-risk impairment groups. Although the assessment tests did not predict future crash involvement over a 7-month period, four participants in the medium- and high-risk impairment categories had been involved in a crash during the 5 years prior to the study compared with none of those who screened low risk. Only three participants (1 high risk) voluntarily surrendered their driver's licenses after the assessment, and one participant in the in-depth interviews reported that the assessment influenced the decision to stop driving. There may be some benefit in using driving record history and assessment results to determine driving risk impairment level. However, more research is needed to determine the best combination of tools to predict risk level. How to best communicate risk levels remains to be determined, although results from the older drivers in this study underscore the need for great sensitivity when identifying areas of concern about driving ability.
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. vjones@jhsph.edu
authors.forename: Vanya C
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Andrea C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Gielen
authors.forename: Maryanne M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Bailey
authors.forename: George W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Rebok
authors.forename: Jean M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gaines
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Joyce
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Parrish
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000517:prevention & control; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000523:psychology* / Q000592:standards; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
keywords: driving assessment; driving behavior; mixed methods; older driver