title: Microfabrication, characterization and in vivo MRI compatibility of diamond microelectrodes array for neural interfacing.
abstract: Neural interfacing still requires highly stable and biocompatible materials, in particular for in vivo applications. Indeed, most of the currently used materials are degraded and/or encapsulated by the proximal tissue leading to a loss of efficiency. Here, we considered boron doped diamond microelectrodes to address this issue and we evaluated the performances of a diamond microelectrode array. We described the microfabrication process of the device and discuss its functionalities. We characterized its electrochemical performances by cyclic voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy in saline buffer and observed the typical diamond electrode electrochemical properties, wide potential window and low background current, allowing efficient electrochemical detection. The charge storage capacitance and the modulus of the electrochemical impedance were found to remain in the same range as platinum electrodes used for standard commercial devices. Finally we observed a reduced Magnetic Resonance Imaging artifact when the device was implanted on a rat cortex, suggesting that boron doped-diamond is a very promising electrode material allowing functional imaging.
authors.affiliation: Institut Néel, CNRS et Université Joseph Fourier, BP 166, F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France. Electronic address: clement.hebert@cea.fr.
authors.forename: Clément
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hébert
authors.affiliation: INSERM, U836, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Warnking
authors.affiliation: INSERM, U836, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Antoine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Depaulis
authors.affiliation: Institut Néel, CNRS et Université Joseph Fourier, BP 166, F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France; CEA/INAC/SPrAM/CREAB, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
authors.forename: Laurie Amandine
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Garçon
authors.affiliation: Université Grenoble Alpes, LEPMI, F-38000 Grenoble, France; CNRS, LEPMI, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mermoux
authors.affiliation: Institut Néel, CNRS et Université Joseph Fourier, BP 166, F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Eon
authors.affiliation: CEA-LETI-DTBS Minatec, 17 rue des Martyres, 38054 Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mailley
authors.affiliation: Institut Néel, CNRS et Université Joseph Fourier, BP 166, F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
authors.forename: Franck
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Omnès
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D018130:Diamond / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry*; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D008839:Microelectrodes; D058117:Neural Prostheses; D019919:Prosthesis Implantation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D018130:Diamond
keywords: Diamond; MRI compatibilty; Microelectrode array; Neural interface