title: Effect of the dose of exogenous fibrolytic enzyme preparations on preingestive fiber hydrolysis, ruminal fermentation, and in vitro digestibility of bermudagrass haylage.
abstract: Our objectives were to evaluate the effects of the dose rates of 5 Trichoderma reesei and Aspergillus oryzae exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (EFE; 1A, 2A, 11C, 13D, and 15D) on in vitro digestibility, fermentation characteristics, and preingestive hydrolysis of bermudagrass haylage and to identify the optimal dose of each EFE for subsequent in vitro and in vivo studies. In experiment 1, EFE were diluted in citrate-phosphate buffer (pH 6) and applied in quadruplicate in each of 2 runs at 0× (control), 0.5×, 1×, 2×, and 3×; where 1× was the respective manufacturer-recommended dose (2.25, 2.25, 10, 15, and 15g of EFE/kg of dry matter). The suspension was incubated for 24h at 25°C and for a further 24h at 39°C after the addition of ruminal fluid. In experiment 2, a similar approach to that in experiment 1 was used to evaluate simulated preingestive effects, except that sodium azide (0.02% wt/vol) was added to the EFE solution. The suspension was incubated for 24h at 25°C and then 15mL of water was added before filtration to extract water-soluble compounds. For both experiments, data for each enzyme were analyzed separately as a completely randomized block design with a model that included effects of EFE dose, run, and their interaction. In experiment 1, increasing the EFE dose rate nonlinearly increased the DM digestibility of 1A, 2A, 11C, and 13D and the neutral detergent fiber digestibility (NDFD) of 1A, 2A, 11C, and 13D. Optimal doses of 1A, 2A, 11C, 13D, and 15D, as indicated by the greatest increases in NDFD at the lowest dose tested, were 2×, 2×, 1×, 0.5×, and 0.5×, respectively. Increasing the dose rate of 2A, 11C, and 13D nonlinearly increased concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and propionate (mM), decreased their acetate-to-propionate ratios and linearly decreased those of samples treated with 1A and 15D. In experiment 2, increasing the dose rate of each EFE nonlinearly decreased concentrations of netural detergent fiber; also, increasing the dose rate of 1A, 2A, 11C, and 1D nonlinearly increased concentrations of water-soluble carbohydrates and free ferulic acid (μg/g). Application of increasing doses of the EFE increased NDF hydrolysis, NDFD, and ruminal fluid fermentation of bermudagrass haylage, but the optimal dose varied with the EFE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32608.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Romero
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32608.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Zarate
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32608. Electronic address: adesogan@ufl.edu.
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Adesogan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002480:Cellulase / Q000378:metabolism; D043366:Cellulose 1,4-beta-Cellobiosidase / Q000378:metabolism; D031744:Cynodon / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000201:enzymology; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000378:metabolism*; D004063:Digestion / Q000187:drug effects; D043364:Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases / Q000378:metabolism; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000032:analysis*; D005285:Fermentation / Q000187:drug effects; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006868:Hydrolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D012417:Rumen / Q000378:metabolism*; D001617:beta-Glucosidase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D010936:Plant Extracts; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases; D001617:beta-Glucosidase; D002480:Cellulase; D043364:Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases; D043366:Cellulose 1,4-beta-Cellobiosidase
keywords: bermudagrass; dairy cattle; dose; fibrolytic enzyme; in vitro digestibility