title: Onion and garlic extracts as potential antidotes for cadmium-induced biochemical alterations in prostate glands of rats.
abstract: Cadmium (Cd) has been implicated in increased prostate gland malignancy risk in both wildlife and humans. This study examines the chemoprotective roles of onion and garlic extracts on Cd-induced biochemical alterations in the prostate glands of rats. Adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into nine groups: control group received double distilled water; Cd group received Cd alone (1.5 mg/100 g bwt per day); extract-treated groups were pre-treated with varied doses of onion and/or garlic extract (0.5 ml and 1.0 ml/100 g bwt per day) for 1 week and then co-treated with Cd (1.5 mg/100 g bwt per day) for additional 3 weeks. Oxidant/antioxidant status and acid phosphatase (ACPtotal and ACPprostatic ) activity were examined in prostate glands. Cd intoxication caused a marked (P < 0.001) increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) levels, whereas glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase and catalase levels were markedly (P < 0.001) decreased. We also observed significant (P < 0.001) decrease in ACPtotal and ACPprostatic activities in prostate glands and a concomitant significant (P < 0.001) increase in the plasma. However, treatment of Cd-intoxicated rats with onion and/or garlic extract significantly minimised these alterations. The onion extract offered a dose-dependent protection. Our findings suggest a chemoprotective capability for onion and garlic extracts against Cd-induced biochemical alteration in the prostate glands.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
authors.forename: F K
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: Ola-Mudathir
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, P.M.B. 5001, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Suru
mesh_terms: D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity*; D002374:Catalase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005737:Garlic; D005978:Glutathione / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D019697:Onions; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011467:Prostate / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D002104:Cadmium; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D005978:Glutathione
keywords: Biochemical alteration; cadmium; garlic; onion; prostate glands