title: Distribution and accumulative pattern of tetracyclines and sulfonamides in edible vegetables of cucumber, tomato, and lettuce.
abstract: Veterinary antibiotics can be released to environment by the animals' excretions, which thereby poses human health and ecological risks. Six antibiotics (tetracycline, oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline, sulfamethazine, sulfamethoxazole, and sulfadimethoxine) at three concentrations (5, 10, and 20 mg kg(-1) soil) were employed in pots filled with a loamy sand upland soil. Three types of vegetable seedlings, including cucumber (Cucumis sativus), cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), and lettuce (Lactuca sativa), were also cultivated during 45 d in the greenhouse. All antibiotics taken up by tested plants showed negative effects on growth. Relatively high levels of tetracyclines and sulfonamides (SAs) were detected in the nonedible parts, roots, and leaves of cucumber and tomato, but fruit parts accumulated them lower than acceptable daily intake. Indeed, cucumber roots accumulated SAs by up to 94.6% of total addition (at 5 mg kg(-1) soil).
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Environment and ‡Department of Horticulture Science, Kangwon National University , Chuncheon 200-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Mohamed Bedair M
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: Anushka Upamali
authors.initials: AU
authors.lastname: Rajapaksha
authors.forename: Jung Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Ngoc Thang
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Vu
authors.forename: Il Seop
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ho Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Sang Soo
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yong Sik
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Ok
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D002417:Cattle; D018553:Cucumis sativus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D018545:Lactuca / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D013754:Tetracyclines / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D014675:Vegetables / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D019155:Veterinary Drugs / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D013449:Sulfonamides; D013754:Tetracyclines; D019155:Veterinary Drugs
keywords: bioaccumulation; emerging contaminant; pharmaceuticals; phytoavailability; risk assessment; veterinary antibiotics