title: Salt and gene expression: evidence for [Na+]i/[K+]i-mediated signaling pathways.
abstract: Our review focuses on the recent data showing that gene transcription and translation are under the control of signaling pathways triggered by modulation of the intracellular sodium/potassium ratio ([Na+]i/[K+]i). Side-by-side with sensing of osmolality elevation by tonicity enhancer-binding protein (TonEBP, NFAT5), [Na+]i/[K+]i-mediated excitation-transcription coupling may contribute to the transcriptomic changes evoked by high salt consumption. This novel mechanism includes the sensing of heightened Na+ concentration in the plasma, interstitial, and cerebrospinal fluids via augmented Na+ influx in the endothelium, immune system cells, and the subfornical organ, respectively. In these cells, [Na+]i/[K+]i ratio elevation, triggered by augmented Na+ influx, is further potentiated by increased production of endogenous Na+,K+-ATPase inhibitors documented in salt-sensitive hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biological Membranes, Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1/12, Moscow, 119991, Russia, sergei.n.orlov@umontreal.ca.
authors.forename: Sergei N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Orlov
authors.forename: Pavel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hamet
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System / Q000378:metabolism; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism*; D015222:Sodium Channels / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013356:Subfornical Organ / Q000378:metabolism; D015533:Transcriptional Activation
chemical_list: D015222:Sodium Channels; D012964:Sodium; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; D011188:Potassium