title: Vangl2 cooperates with Rab11 and Myosin V to regulate apical constriction during vertebrate gastrulation.
abstract: Core planar cell polarity (PCP) proteins are well known to regulate polarity in Drosophila and vertebrate epithelia; however, their functions in vertebrate morphogenesis remain poorly understood. In this study, we describe a role for PCP signaling in the process of apical constriction during Xenopus gastrulation. The core PCP protein Vangl2 is detected at the apical surfaces of cells at the blastopore lip, and it functions during blastopore formation and closure. Further experiments show that Vangl2, as well as Daam1 and Rho-associated kinase (Rock), regulate apical constriction of bottle cells at the blastopore and ectopic constriction of ectoderm cells triggered by the actin-binding protein Shroom3. At the blastopore lip, Vangl2 is required for the apical accumulation of the recycling endosome marker Rab11. We also show that Rab11 and the associated motor protein Myosin V play essential roles in both endogenous and ectopic apical constriction, and might be involved in Vangl2 trafficking to the cell surface. Overexpression of Rab11 RNA was sufficient to partly restore normal blastopore formation in Vangl2-deficient embryos. These observations suggest that Vangl2 affects Rab11 to regulate apical constriction during blastopore formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ossipova
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
authors.forename: Ilya
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Chuykin
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
authors.forename: Chih-Wen
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA sergei.sokol@mssm.edu.
authors.forename: Sergei Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Sokol
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D019521:Body Patterning; D016764:Cell Polarity; D005775:Gastrula / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D054262:Gastrulation; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D024701:Myosin Type V / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D015222:Sodium Channels / Q000378:metabolism; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000378:metabolism; D029867:Xenopus Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D014982:Xenopus laevis / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D020691:rab GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000099193:rab11 GTP-Binding Proteins
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D024701:Myosin Type V; D015222:Sodium Channels; D029867:Xenopus Proteins; D020691:rab GTP-Binding Proteins; D000099193:rab11 GTP-Binding Proteins; C443939:Daam1 protein, Xenopus; C000595349:Myo5a protein, Xenopus; C078824:Shroom1 protein, Xenopus; C491760:Vangl2 protein, Xenopus
keywords: Blastopore; Daam1; Myosin V; Planar cell polarity; Rab11; Rho-associated protein kinase; Vangl2; Xenopus