title: Each small antral follicle in ovaries of women with polycystic ovary syndrome produces more antimüllerian hormone than its counterpart in a normal ovary: an observational cross-sectional study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To ascertain if subfertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) secrete more antimüllerian hormone (AMH) per antral follicle than control women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fertility clinic.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 438 women attending the fertility clinic over a period of 13 months from September 2012 to September 2013.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum concentrations of AMH and the total antral follicle count (AFC) were obtained from women attending the fertility clinic. The ratio of AMH/AFC for each subject was calculated. Women were categorized into three groups: PCOS, polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM), and control. PCOS and PCOM were defined based on the European Society for Human Reproduction and Embryology/American Society for Reproductive Medicine Rotterdam consensus criteria.
  
  
  METHODS
  The ratio of AMH/AFC for each subject in the three groups: PCOS, PCOM, and control.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median AMH/AFC ratios in the PCOS, PCOM, and control groups were 1.92, 1.13, and 1.00, respectively. The AMH/AFC ratio was significantly higher in the PCOS group compared with the PCOM and control groups (F[2,152] = 21.82). Women in the three groups were not statistically different regarding age, body mass index, earlier ovarian surgery, and smoking status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Subfertile women with PCOS secrete significantly more AMH per antral follicle than women with PCOM only and control women.
authors.affiliation: Homerton Fertility Centre, Homerton University Hospital, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: priya.bhide@homerton.nhs.uk.
authors.forename: Priya
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bhide
authors.affiliation: Homerton Fertility Centre, Homerton University Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Merve
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dilgil
authors.affiliation: Homerton Fertility Centre, Homerton University Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Anil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gudi
authors.affiliation: Homerton Fertility Centre, Homerton University Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Homerton Fertility Centre, Homerton University Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Charity
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Akwaa
authors.affiliation: Homerton Fertility Centre, Homerton University Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Roy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Homburg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000378:metabolism*; D010053:Ovary / Q000378:metabolism; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone
keywords: Antimüllerian hormone (AMH); antral follicle count (AFC); polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM); polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)