title: Prediction and optimization of the laccase-mediated synthesis of the antimicrobial compound iodine (I2).
abstract: An artificial neural network (ANN) and genetic algorithm (GA) were applied to improve the laccase-mediated oxidation of iodide (I(-)) to elemental iodine (I2). Biosynthesis of iodine (I2) was studied with a 5-level-4-factor central composite design (CCD). The generated ANN network was mathematically evaluated by several statistical indices and revealed better results than a classical quadratic response surface (RS) model. Determination of the relative significance of model input parameters, ranking the process parameters in order of importance (pH>laccase>mediator>iodide), was performed by sensitivity analysis. ANN-GA methodology was used to optimize the input space of the neural network model to find optimal settings for the laccase-mediated synthesis of iodine. ANN-GA optimized parameters resulted in a 9.9% increase in the conversion rate.
authors.affiliation: Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Applied Wood Materials, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland. Electronic address: mark.schubert@empa.ch.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schubert
authors.affiliation: Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Applied Wood Materials, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fey
authors.affiliation: Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Bioactive Surfaces, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ihssen
authors.affiliation: Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Applied Wood Materials, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland; Institute for Building Materials, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli Strasse 10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Civardi
authors.affiliation: Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Applied Wood Materials, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
authors.forename: F W M R
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Schwarze
authors.affiliation: Process Technology Development, R+D, FISBA OPTIK AG, Rorschacherstrasse 268, 9016 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mourad
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007455:Iodine / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D042845:Laccase / Q000378:metabolism*; D016571:Neural Networks, Computer; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D012107:Research Design; D055454:Trametes / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D007455:Iodine; D042845:Laccase
keywords: Artificial neural network; Bioprocess modeling; Design of experiments; Genetic algorithm; Response surface methodology