title: Porphyromonas pogonae sp. nov., an anaerobic but low concentration oxygen adapted coccobacillus isolated from lizards (Pogona vitticeps) or human clinical specimens, and emended description of the genus Porphyromonas Shah and Collins 1988.
abstract: During the process of identifying a Gram-negative coccobacillus isolated from a human clinical specimen, we found that the isolate's 16S rRNA gene had very close sequence identity with that of a variant Porphyromonas isolated from polymicrobial infections in the central bearded dragon, a species of lizard [2]. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of the human isolate and of six isolates from lizards were nearly identical (99.9-100%). Phylogenetic analysis placed all of these isolates in a single phylogenetic cluster well separated from other species in the genus Porphyromonas. The closest species was Porphyromonas catoniae with 90.7-90.9% sequence identity, although there was less than 6% DNA similarity between the P. catoniae type strain and our representative isolates from lizards (PAGU 1787(T)) and human (PAGU 1776). These isolates could grow under anaerobic or microaerobic conditions (6% O2 atmosphere). The isolates were positive for catalase and very strong β-hemolytic activity, but did not show black or brown pigmentation. Biochemically, the isolates could be differentiated from closely related species by pyroglutamic acid arylamidase and glycine arylamidase activity, and some others. The fermentation products mainly included succinic acid and propionic acid. The major fatty acids detected in cells of the isolates were iso-C15:0, anteiso-C15:0, and 3OH-iso-C17:0. The G+C content was 43.0 ± 0.62 mol%. The species name Porphyromonas pogonae sp. nov. is proposed for these isolates with the type strain of PAGU 1787(T) (=MI 10-1288(T)=JCM 19732(T)=ATCC BAA-2643(T)).
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8650, Japan. Electronic address: kawamura@dpc.agu.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yoshiaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8650, Japan.
authors.forename: Saki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kuwabara
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN 37996-4543, USA.
authors.forename: Stephen A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Kania
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Fujita Health University Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan.
authors.forename: Hisayuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujita Health University Medicine, Dengakugakubo kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan.
authors.forename: Manami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hamagishi
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Contemporary Human Life Science, Tezukayama University, 3-1-3 Gakuen-Minami-machi, Nara, Nara 631-8585, Japan.
authors.forename: Nagatoshi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.affiliation: Division of Oral Ecology and Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan.
authors.forename: Takuichi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8650, Japan.
authors.forename: Junko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tomida
authors.affiliation: Division of Anaerobic Research, Life Science Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN 37996-4543, USA.
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Bemis
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis; D000818:Animals; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D016866:Bacteroidaceae Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D001482:Base Composition; D002374:Catalase / Q000032:analysis; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003600:Cytosol / Q000737:chemistry; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008116:Lizards / Q000382:microbiology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010100:Oxygen / Q000633:toxicity; D010802:Phylogeny; D010860:Pigments, Biological / Q000378:metabolism; D017861:Porphyromonas / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D005227:Fatty Acids; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; D010860:Pigments, Biological; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D002374:Catalase; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: 16S rRNA sequence; Central bearded dragons; DNA–DNA hybridization; Human clinical specimen; Pogona vitticeps; Porphyromonas