title: Obesity indices and haemodynamic response to exercise in obese diabetic hypertensive patients: Randomized controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Obesity, diabetes and hypertension are major worldwide interconnected problems. The aim of this study was to investigate body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DPB) responses to circuit weight training (CWT) or aerobic exercise training (AET) in obese diabetic hypertensive patients (ODHP).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-nine ODHP were randomly assigned into CWT, AET and control groups. Either CWT or AET was performed thrice weekly for 12 weeks. Variables were evaluated pre-training (evaluation-1), after 3 months (evaluation-2) and 1 month post-training cessation (evaluation-3).
  
  
  RESULTS
  At evaluation-2, BMI, WC, SBP, DBP mean values and percentages of decrease were 31.56±1.48 (9.23%), 104±5.97 (6.2%), 141±2.2 (3.09%), 91.2±1.24 (2.98%) and 32.09±1.21 (7.11%), 107.66±3.92 (3.07%), 138.3±1.17 (4.79%), 88.05±1.05 (6.02%) for CWT and AET groups respectively (P<0.05). At evaluation-3, mean values and percentage of decrease in BMI, WC, SBP, DBP were 31.88±1.54 (8.29%), 105±5.28 (5.26), 142.6±2.21 (1.99%), 92.7±0.86 (1.38%) and 33.26±1.22 (3.72%), 109.1±4.15 (1.77%), 140.35±1.23 (3.38%), 89.5±0.61 (4.47%) for CWT and AET groups respectively (P<0.05). There were also significant differences in BMI, WC, SBP, and DBP between groups at evaluation-2 and 3 (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While CWT is the intervention of choice to control obesity indices, AET is still the best intervention to lower blood pressure in ODHP, for a more extended period of time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy for Cardiovascular/Respiratory Disorder and Geriatrics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Egypt. Electronic address: drashraf_pt79@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Ashraf Abdelaal Mohamed
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Abdelaal
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Al Azhar University, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mohamad Ali
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mohamad
mesh_terms: D001794:Blood Pressure; D001795:Blood Pressure Determination; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D055070:Resistance Training; D055105:Waist Circumference
keywords: BMI; Diabetes; Exercise; Obesity; WC