title: Low-intensity atrial ganglionated plexi stimulation decreases the serum level of inflammatory factors in canine.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Activation of efferent vagus fibers exerts an anti-inflammatory role, a mechanism known as the cholinergic anti-inﬂammatory pathway. We hypothesised that stimulation of atrial ganglionated plexi (GP) may also be anti-inflammatory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six-hour low-intensity GP stimulation was performed in eight dogs and the serum levels of acetylcholine (Ach), C reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) were determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The serum level of acetylcholine was significantly increased (P<0.05) while the serum levels of inflammatory factors of C reactive protein, interleukin-6 and high-mobility group box 1 were markedly decreased after six-hour GP stimulation (all P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that GP stimulation exerts an anti-inflammatory role and might be a therapeutic option for inflammatory heart diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zhibing
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Wenbo
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, P.R. China. Electronic address: hong-jiang@whu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000097:blood*; D000818:Animals; D004285:Dogs; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy; D005260:Female; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000097:blood*; D006329:Heart Conduction System; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D009205:Myocarditis / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D024243:HMGB1 Protein; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D015850:Interleukin-6; D000109:Acetylcholine
keywords: Autonomic nervous system; Cardiovascular disease; Electrical stimulation; Ganglionated plexi; Inflammatory factor