title: Diversity of cortical interneurons in primates: the role of the dorsal proliferative niche.
abstract: Evolutionary elaboration of tissues starts with changes in the genome and location of the stem cells. For example, GABAergic interneurons of the mammalian neocortex are generated in the ventral telencephalon and migrate tangentially to the neocortex, in contrast to the projection neurons originating in the ventricular/subventricular zone (VZ/SVZ) of the dorsal telencephalon. In human and nonhuman primates, evidence suggests that an additional subset of neocortical GABAergic interneurons is generated in the cortical VZ and a proliferative niche, the outer SVZ. The origin, magnitude, and significance of this species-specific difference are not known. We use a battery of assays applicable to the human, monkey, and mouse organotypic cultures and supravital tissue to identify neuronal progenitors in the cortical VZ/SVZ niche that produce a subset of GABAergic interneurons. Our findings suggest that these progenitors constitute an evolutionary novelty contributing to the elaboration of higher cognitive functions in primates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Pasterova 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Nevena V
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Radonjić
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine and Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
authors.forename: Albert E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Ayoub
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.
authors.forename: Fani
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Memi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.
authors.forename: Xiaojing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
authors.forename: Asif
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maroof
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Experimental Neurophysiology, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, 53175 Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Igor
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Jakovcevski
authors.affiliation: The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4318, USA.
authors.forename: Stewart A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine and Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
authors.forename: Pasko
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rakic
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA. Electronic address: nzecevic@neuron.uchc.edu.
authors.forename: Nada
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zecevic
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D060833:Cellular Microenvironment; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology* / Q000196:embryology; D059330:GABAergic Neurons / Q000145:classification / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007395:Interneurons / Q000145:classification / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008251:Macaca; D051379:Mice; D058953:Neural Stem Cells / Q000145:classification / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000074482:Thyroid Nuclear Factor 1; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D000074482:Thyroid Nuclear Factor 1; D014157:Transcription Factors