title: Outbreaks of Foot-and-Mouth Disease in Libya and Saudi Arabia During 2013 Due to an Exotic O/ME-SA/Ind-2001 Lineage Virus.
abstract: Foot-and-mouth disease viruses are often restricted to specific geographical regions and spread to new areas may lead to significant epidemics. Phylogenetic analysis of sequences of the VP1 genome region of recent outbreak viruses from Libya and Saudi Arabia has revealed a lineage, O-Ind-2001, normally found in the Indian subcontinent. This paper describes the characterization of field viruses collected from these cases and provides information about a new real-time RT-PCR assay that can be used to detect viruses from this lineage and discriminate them from other endemic FMD viruses that are co-circulating in North Africa and western Eurasia.
authors.affiliation: The Pirbright Institute, Woking Surrey, UK.
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Knowles
authors.affiliation: The Pirbright Institute, Woking Surrey, UK.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bachanek-Bankowska
authors.affiliation: The Pirbright Institute, Woking Surrey, UK.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wadsworth
authors.affiliation: The Pirbright Institute, Woking Surrey, UK.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mioulet
authors.affiliation: The Pirbright Institute, Woking Surrey, UK.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Valdazo-González
authors.affiliation: National Center for Animal Health, Zawia, Libya.|Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya.
authors.forename: I M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Eldaghayes
authors.affiliation: National Center for Animal Health, Zawia, Libya.|Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Dayhum
authors.affiliation: National Center for Animal Health, Zawia, Libya.|Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kammon
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Omar Al-Mukhtar, Albeida, Libya.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sharif
authors.affiliation: Almarai Company, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Waight
authors.affiliation: Al Safi Dairy, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Shamia
authors.affiliation: Department of Livestock, National Centre for Animal Health, Thimphu, Bhutan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tenzin
authors.affiliation: Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Wernery
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna, Brescia, Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grazioli
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna, Brescia, Italy.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brocchi
authors.affiliation: Project Directorate on Foot and Mouth Disease (Indian Council of Agricultural Research), Mukteswar, Uttarakhand, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Subramaniam
authors.affiliation: Project Directorate on Foot and Mouth Disease (Indian Council of Agricultural Research), Mukteswar, Uttarakhand, India.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pattnaik
authors.affiliation: The Pirbright Institute, Woking Surrey, UK.
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: King
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005536:Foot-and-Mouth Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D029544:Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus / Q000235:genetics*; D008002:Libya / Q000453:epidemiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D012529:Saudi Arabia / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: aphthovirus; epidemiology; foot-and-mouth disease virus