title: Psychological aspects in children affected by duchenne de boulogne muscular dystrophy.
abstract: Impairment of intelligence in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients was described by Duchenne de Boulogne himself in 1868. Further studies report intelligence disorders with mayor impairment of memory. The aim of the present study was to assess the presence of affective and personality disorders in a group of children affected by DMD. Twenty six male DMD patients, mean age eleven and four months years old, were assessed for their affective and personality disorder. Only eight subjects had a total IQ below average with major difficulties in verbal and visual-spatial memory, comprehension, arithmetic and vocabulary. All the subjects presented some disorders: tendency to marginalization and isolation, self-depreciation, sense of insecurity, hypochondriac thoughts and marked state of anxiety. These disorders are often a dynamic prolongation of a psychological process which starts when the diagnosis is made and continues, in a slow and latent fashion, throughout the evolution of the disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Palermo , Italy.
authors.forename: Teresa Di
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Filippo
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Palermo , Italy.
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Parisi
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Palermo , Italy.
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roccella
keywords: Duchenne muscular dystrophy; affective development; psychology disorder; psychopathological assessment