title: On-line extraction and determination of two herbicides: comparison between two modes of three-phase hollow fiber microextraction.
abstract: Two different modes of three-phase hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction were studied for the extraction of two herbicides, bensulfuron-methyl and linuron. In these two modes, the acceptor phases in the lumen of the hollow fiber were aqueous and organic solvents. The extraction and determination were performed using an automated hollow fiber microextraction instrument followed by high-performance liquid chromatography. For both three-phase hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction modes, the effect of the main parameters on the extraction efficiency were investigated and optimized by central composite design. Under optimal conditions, both modes showed good linearity and repeatability, but the three-phase hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction based on two immiscible organic solvents has a better extraction efficiency and figures of merit. The calibration curves for three-phase hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction with an organic acceptor phase were linear in the range of 0.3-200 and 0.1-150 μg/L and the limits of detection were 0.1 and 0.06 μg/L for bensulfuron-methyl and linuron, respectively. For the conventional three-phase hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction, the calibration curves were linear in the range of 3.0-250 and 15-400 μg/L and LODs were 1.0 and 5.0 μg/L for bensulfuron-methyl and linuron, respectively. The real sample analysis was carried out by three-phase hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction based on two immiscible organic solvents because of its more favorable characteristics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tajik
authors.forename: Yadollah
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamini
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Esrafili
authors.forename: Behnam
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ebrahimpour
keywords: Automated instruments; Herbicides; High-performance liquid chromatography; Hollow fibers; Liquid-phase microextraction