title: Clinical profile and hospital outcome of children with severe acute kidney injury in a developing country.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In resource-constraint regions of the world, the spectrum of childhood diseases is changing, creating a need to clearly define the epidemiology of severe acute kidney injury (AKI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical records of children aged between 1 month and 17 years with stage 3 AKI in a tertiary hospital were reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety-one children, comprising 63 (69.2%) males and 26 (28.6%) infants, were studied. Majority (75.8%) had stage 3 AKI at the point of hospitalization. Sepsis (41.8%), primary kidney diseases (PKD; 29.7%) and malaria (13.2%) were the most common causes of stage 3 AKI. Twenty-eight (30.8%) children died. Mortality was highest in those with sepsis, less than 5 years old and needing dialysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sepsis, PKD and malaria were the most common causes of severe AKI. A third of children with severe AKI died. Mortality was highest in those less than 5 years old, with sepsis and needing dialysis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Mushin, Lagos State, Nigeria Department of Paediatrics, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, 101014 Mushin, Lagos State, Nigeria esezobor@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Christopher Imokhuede
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Esezobor
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Mushin, Lagos State, Nigeria Department of Paediatrics, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, 101014 Mushin, Lagos State, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Taiwo Augustina
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Ladapo
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Mushin, Lagos State, Nigeria Department of Paediatrics, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, 101014 Mushin, Lagos State, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Foluso Ebun
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Lesi
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy; D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008288:Malaria / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D009549:Nigeria / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D018805:Sepsis / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015996:Survival Rate; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers
keywords: acute kidney injury; dialysis; gastroenteritis; malaria; sepsis