title: Patterns of gene flow in Encholirium horridum L.B.Sm., a monocarpic species of Bromeliaceae from Brazil.
abstract: Encholirium horridum is a bromeliad that occurs exclusively on inselbergs in the Atlantic Forest biome of Brazil. These rock outcrops form natural islands that isolate populations from each other. We investigated gene flow by pollen through paternity analyses of a bromeliad population in an area of approximately 2 ha in Espírito Santo State, Brazil. To that end, seed rosettes and seedlings were genotyped using nuclear microsatellite loci. A plot was also established from the same population and specimens were genotyped to evaluate their fine-scale spatial genetic structure (SGS) through analyses of spatial autocorrelation and clonal growth. Paternity analysis indicated that 80% of the attributed progenitors of the genotyped seedlings were from inside the study area. The pollen dispersal distances within the area were restricted (mean distance of 45.5 m, varying from 3 to 156 m) and fine-scale SGS was weak (F(ij) = 0.0122, P < 0.001; Sp = 0.009). Clonal growth was found to be a rare event, supporting the monocarpy of this species.
authors.affiliation: From the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-617, RJ, Brazil (Hmeljevski); Federal University of Santa Catarina, PO Box 476, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil (Reis); and the Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden, Rio de Janeiro 22460-030, RJ, Brazil (Forzza). karinavanessah@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Karina Vanessa
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Hmeljevski
authors.affiliation: From the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-617, RJ, Brazil (Hmeljevski); Federal University of Santa Catarina, PO Box 476, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil (Reis); and the Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden, Rio de Janeiro 22460-030, RJ, Brazil (Forzza).
authors.forename: Maurício Sedrez
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: dos Reis
authors.affiliation: From the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-617, RJ, Brazil (Hmeljevski); Federal University of Santa Catarina, PO Box 476, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil (Reis); and the Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden, Rio de Janeiro 22460-030, RJ, Brazil (Forzza).
authors.forename: Rafaela Campostrini
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Forzza
mesh_terms: D001938:Brazil; D031229:Bromeliaceae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D003710:Demography; D056727:Endangered Species; D065928:Forests; D051456:Gene Flow / Q000235:genetics*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005828:Genetics, Population; D005838:Genotype; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics; D011058:Pollen / Q000235:genetics; D058614:Seed Dispersal / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Atlantic Forest; clonality; fine-scale spatial genetic structure; inselbergs; microsatellite loci; paternity analysis