title: Enhanced expression of FNDC5 in human embryonic stem cell-derived neural cells along with relevant embryonic neural tissues.
abstract: Availability of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) has enhanced the capability of basic and clinical research in the context of human neural differentiation. Derivation of neural progenitor (NP) cells from hESCs facilitates the process of human embryonic development through the generation of neuronal subtypes. We have recently indicated that fibronectin type III domain containing 5 protein (FNDC5) expression is required for appropriate neural differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). Bioinformatics analyses have shown the presence of three isoforms for human FNDC5 mRNA. To differentiate which isoform of FNDC5 is involved in the process of human neural differentiation, we have used hESCs as an in vitro model for neural differentiation by retinoic acid (RA) induction. The hESC line, Royan H5, was differentiated into a neural lineage in defined adherent culture treated by RA and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). We collected all cell types that included hESCs, rosette structures, and neural cells in an attempt to assess the expression of FNDC5 isoforms. There was a contiguous increase in all three FNDC5 isoforms during the neural differentiation process. Furthermore, the highest level of expression of the isoforms was significantly observed in neural cells compared to hESCs and the rosette structures known as neural precursor cells (NPCs). High expression levels of FNDC5 in human fetal brain and spinal cord tissues have suggested the involvement of this gene in neural tube development. Additional research is necessary to determine the major function of FDNC5 in this process.
authors.affiliation: Biology Department, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Fatemeh Ahmadi
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Ghahrizjani
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular Biotechnology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Biology, School of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran. Electronic address: kamranghaedi@royaninstitute.org.
authors.forename: Kamran
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ghaedi
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular Biotechnology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Ahmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Salamian
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular Biotechnology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Somayeh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tanhaei
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular Biotechnology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Alireza Shoaraye
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Nejati
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Salehi
authors.affiliation: Cell and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Karaj, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nabiuni
authors.affiliation: Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Baharvand
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular Biotechnology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran. Electronic address: mh_nasr@royaninstitute.org.
authors.forename: Mohammad Hossein
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Nasr-Esfahani
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000378:metabolism; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D055495:Neurogenesis; D009928:Organ Specificity; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C577593:FNDC5 protein, human; D005353:Fibronectins; D020033:Protein Isoforms
keywords: FNDC5; Human embryonic stem cells; Neural differentiation