title: Bacterial biofilm on the sinus mucosa of healthy subjects and patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (with or without nasal polyposis).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the presence of bacterial biofilm on the sinus mucosa of healthy individuals (controls) and patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyposis.
  
  
  METHODS
  An analytical, prospective and observational study was conducted. Tissue samples were obtained from the sinus mucosa. The bacteria were isolated and typified, and the material was examined for biofilm formation using tissue culture plate, Congo red agar detection and tube methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 100 cases were analysed for the presence of biofilm. Bacterial biofilm was present in 26 of 50 disease group cases (52 per cent) and in 4 of 50 control group cases (8 per cent) (p < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of biofilm on the mucosa of chronic rhinosinusitis patients offers a possible cause for the persistent inflammation, and for antibiotics resistance and antimicrobial therapy failure. These findings could change the approach to treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of ENT,Sawai ManSingh Medical College and Hospital,Jaipur,Rajasthan,India.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Department of ENT,Sawai ManSingh Medical College and Hospital,Jaipur,Rajasthan,India.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mehta
authors.affiliation: Department of ENT,Sawai ManSingh Medical College and Hospital,Jaipur,Rajasthan,India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.affiliation: Department of ENT,Sawai ManSingh Medical College and Hospital,Jaipur,Rajasthan,India.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mishra
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004754:Enterobacter / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000382:microbiology; D009298:Nasal Polyps / Q000382:microbiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011549:Pseudomonas / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000382:microbiology; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000382:microbiology; D013210:Staphylococcus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques
keywords: Nasal Polyposis