title: Acyltransferase inhibitors: a patent review (2010-present).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Acyltransferase (AT) catalyzes the transfer of an acyl moiety from acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to an acceptor. ATs play important roles in the maintenance of homeostasis in the human body and have been linked to various diseases; therefore, several ATs have been proposed as potential targets for the treatment or prevention of such diseases. The AT family includes acyl-CoA:cholesterol AT (ACAT), diacylglycerol AT (DGAT), and monoacylglycerol AT (MGAT) for the metabolism of lipids. Furthermore, recent molecular biological studies revealed the existence of their isozymes with distinct functions in the body.
  
  
  METHODS
  This review summarized patent filings published between 2010 and the present date that claimed isozyme-selective inhibitors of ACAT, DGAT and MGAT, which are involved in neutral lipid metabolism.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Isozymes of ACAT, DGAT and MGAT play distinct functions in neutral lipid metabolism in the human body and have been considered as potential therapeutic targets. Accordingly, isozyme-selective inhibitors that could be used in the treatment or prevention of lipid metabolism disorders were searched for. Of these, pyripyropene A derivatives, ACAT2-selective inhibitors, may be potential therapeutics for the treatment of atherosclerosis, homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
authors.affiliation: Kitasato University, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641 , Japan.
authors.forename: Taichi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohshiro
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tomoda
mesh_terms: D000217:Acyltransferases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000818:Animals; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology; D015195:Drug Design; D006801:Humans; D006938:Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology; D007527:Isoenzymes; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology; D010330:Patents as Topic
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D000217:Acyltransferases
keywords: acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase; diacylglycerol acyltransferase; inhibitor; isozyme; monoacylglycerol acyltransferase; neutral lipid metabolism