title: Diagnostic prediction of renal failure from blood serum analysis by FTIR spectrometry and chemometrics.
abstract: A new diagnostic approach based on Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectrometry and classification algorithm has been introduced which provides a rapid, reliable, and easy way to perform blood test for the diagnosis of renal failure. Blood serum samples from 35 renal failure patients and 40 healthy persons were analyzed by ATR-FTIR spectrometry. The resulting data was processed by Quadratic Discriminant Analysis (QDA) and QDA combined with simple filtered method. Spectroscopic studies were performed in 900-2000cm(-)(1) spectral region with 3.85cm(-1) data space. Results showed 93.33% and 100% of accuracy for QDA and filter-QDA models, respectively. In the first step, 30 samples were applied to construct the model. In order to modify the capability of QDA in prediction of test samples, filter-based feature selection methods were applied. It was found that the filtered spectra coupled with QDA could correctly predict the test samples in most of the cases.
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran. Electronic address: m.khanmohammadi@sci.ikiu.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Mohammdreza
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khanmohammadi
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.
authors.forename: Keyvan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ghasemi
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.
authors.forename: Amir Bagheri
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Garmarudi
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.
authors.forename: Mehdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ramin
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003940:Diagnostic Techniques, Endocrine; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D011379:Prognosis; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared / Q000379:methods
keywords: ATR–FTIR spectroscopy; Blood; Chemometric; Renal failure; Serum