title: Phylogenetic analysis of microalgae based on highly abundant proteins using mass spectrometry.
abstract: The blooms of toxic phototrophic microorganisms, such as microalgae and cyanobacteria, which are typically found in freshwater and marine environments, are becoming more frequent and problematic in aquatic systems. Due to accumulation of toxic algae, harmful algal blooms (HABs) exert negative effects on aquatic systems. Therefore, rapid detection of harmful microalgae is important for monitoring the occurrence of HABs. Mass spectrometry-based methods have become sensitive, specific techniques for the identification and characterization of microorganisms. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) with time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) allows us to measure a unique molecular fingerprint of highly abundant proteins in a microorganism and has been used for the rapid, accurate identification of bacteria and fungi in clinical microbiology. Here, we tested the specificity of MALDI-TOF MS using microalgal strains (Heterocapsa, Alexandrium, Nannochloropsis, Chaetoceros, Chlorella, and Dunaliella spp.). Our research suggested that this method was comparable in terms of the rapid identification of microalgea to conventional methods based on genetic information and morphology. Thus, this efficient mass spectrometry-based technique may have applications in the rapid identification of harmful microorganisms from aquatic environmental samples.
authors.affiliation: Jeju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea; World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 503-360, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hae-Won
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Jeju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea; Green Chemistry & Environmental biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seong Woon
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Roh
authors.affiliation: Jeju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea; Green Chemistry & Environmental biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kichul
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Jeju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kil-Nam
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Jeju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: In-Tae
authors.initials: IT
authors.lastname: Cha
authors.affiliation: Jeju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung June
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Yim
authors.affiliation: Jeju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hye Seon
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Fermentation and Functionality Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Sungnam 463-746, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Do
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.affiliation: Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Fisheries, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo-machi 1-14, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oda
authors.affiliation: Division of Life Science, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Ho
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Division of Life Science, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Soo Jung
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Life Science, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: jschoi@kbsi.re.kr.
authors.forename: Jong-Soon
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Jeju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea; Green Chemistry & Environmental biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: dkim@kbsi.re.kr.
authors.forename: Daekyung
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D020418:Algal Proteins / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D020459:Genes, rRNA; D057097:Harmful Algal Bloom; D058086:Microalgae / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D058977:Molecular Sequence Annotation; D010802:Phylogeny; D040901:Proteomics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D012337:RNA, Ribosomal, 18S / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
chemical_list: D020418:Algal Proteins; D012337:RNA, Ribosomal, 18S
keywords: MALDI-TOF; Microalgae; Phylogenetic analysis; Rapid identification