title: Mitochondrial sirtuins: emerging roles in metabolic regulations, energy homeostasis and diseases.
abstract: The energy production and metabolic homeostasis are well-orchestrated networks of carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism. These metabolic pathways are integrated by a key cytoplasmic organelle, the mitochondria, leading to production of many metabolic intermediates and harvest cellular energy in the form of ATP. Sirtuins are a highly conserved family of proteins that mediate cellular physiology and energy demands in response to metabolic inputs. Mitochondria inhabit three main types of sirtuins classified as Sirt3, Sirt4 and Sirt5. These sirtuins regulate mitochondrial metabolic functions mainly through controlling post-translational modifications of mitochondrial protein. However, the biological mechanism involved in controlling mitochondrial metabolic functions is not well understood at this stage. In this review the current knowledge on how mitochondrial sirtuins govern mitochondrial functions including energy production, metabolism, biogenesis and their involvement in different metabolic pathways are discussed. The identifications of potential pharmacological targets of sirtuins in the mitochondria and the bioactive compounds that target mitochondrial sirtuins will increase our understanding on regulation of mitochondrial metabolism in normal and disease state.
authors.affiliation: School of Studies in Zoology & Biotechnology, Vikram University, Ujjain, MP, India.
authors.forename: Priyanka
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Parihar
authors.affiliation: School of Studies in Zoology & Biotechnology, Vikram University, Ujjain, MP, India.
authors.forename: Isha
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Solanki
authors.affiliation: School of Studies in Zoology & Biotechnology, Vikram University, Ujjain, MP, India.
authors.forename: Mohammad Lukman
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Mansuri
authors.affiliation: School of Studies in Zoology & Biotechnology, Vikram University, Ujjain, MP, India. Electronic address: mdsparihar@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mordhwaj S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Parihar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D002952:Citric Acid Cycle; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D006019:Glycolysis; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000502:physiology*; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D037761:Sirtuins / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D037761:Sirtuins
keywords: Bioactive compounds; Cancer; Metabolic impairments; Mitochondrial sirtuins; Neurodegenerative diseases; Oxidative stress