title: Relationship between affective temperaments and aggression in euthymic patients with bipolar mood disorder and major depressive disorder.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  So far there is a scarce of studies dealing with the relationship between different aspects of aggressive behaviour and affective temperaments among various mood disorders. The aim of the present study was to explore in a group of patients with affective mood disorders the relationship between affective temperaments and aggression.
  
  
  METHODS
  100 consecutive outpatients in euthymic phase of mood disorders (46 with bipolar disorder-type I, 18 with bipolar disorder-type II and 36 with major depressive disorder) were self-assessed with the Aggression Questionnaire and the short version of Slovenian Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego - Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The factorial analysis of the TEMPS-A subscales revealed 2 main factors: Factor 1 (prominent cyclothymic profile) consisted of cyclothymic, depressive, irritable, and anxious temperaments and Factor 2 (prominent hyperthymic profile) which was represented by the hyperthymic temperament, and by depressive and anxious temperaments as negative components. Patients with prominent cyclothymic profile got their diagnosis later in their life and had significantly higher mean scores on anger and hostility (non-motor aggressive behaviour) compared with patients with prominent hyperthymic profile.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We included patients with different mood disorders, therefore the sample selection may influence temperamental and aggression profiles. We used self-report questionnaires which can elicit sociable desirable answers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anger and hostility could represent stable personality characteristics of prominent cyclothymic profile that endure even in remission. It seems that distinct temperamental profile could serve as a good diagnostic and prognostic value for non-motor aspects of aggressive behaviour.
authors.affiliation: Sociomedical Institute, Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Ljubljana, Slovenia. Electronic address: dolenc.barbara@gmail.com.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dolenc
authors.affiliation: University Psychiatric Clinic, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: M Z
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Dernovšek
authors.affiliation: Sociomedical Institute, Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sprah
authors.affiliation: University Psychiatric Clinic, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tavcar
authors.affiliation: Institute of Behavioural Sciences, "G. De Lisio", Department of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Perugi
authors.affiliation: International Mood Disorder Centre, Department of Psychiatry at the University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA.
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Akiskal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D000342:Affective Symptoms / Q000523:psychology; D000374:Aggression / Q000523:psychology; D000786:Anger; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D003527:Cyclothymic Disorder / Q000523:psychology; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006791:Hostility; D006801:Humans; D007508:Irritable Mood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013694:Temperament
keywords: Affective temperament; Aggression; Bipolar disorder; Major depressive disorder