title: Association of dietary glycemic index and glycemic load with endometrial cancer risk among Chinese women.
abstract: We evaluated the association of dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) with the risk of endometrial cancer in a population-based, case-control study of 1199 endometrial cancer patients and 1212 age-frequency-matched controls in urban Shanghai, China, where diets are typically high in carbohydrates and have a high GL. Information on dietary habits, physical activity, and other relevant information was collected using a validated questionnaire, and anthropometric measurements were taken. Logistic regression was applied in the analysis. Dietary GI and GL were independently associated with risk for endometrial cancer but carbohydrate intake was unrelated to risk. Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for increasing quartiles of intake were 1.0, 1.3, 1.4, and 2.2 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2-4.0] for dietary GL (P(trend) = 0.02) and 1.0, 1.2, 1.4, and 1.4 (95% CI: 1.0-2.0) for dietary GI (P(trend) = 0.02). High intake of staples, especially rice, was positively associated with endometrial cancer. The association with GI was more evident among lean and normal weight women, although the test for interaction was not significant. This study suggests that intake of high GL or GI foods, but not carbohydrates per se, may increase risk for endometrial cancer.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health , Fudan University , Shanghai , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wang Hong
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Yong-Bing
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.forename: Xianglan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zhixian
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ruan
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Xiao-Ou
authors.initials: XO
authors.lastname: Shu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000208:ethnology; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D038321:Glycemic Index; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D012275:Oryza / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry; D012042:Registries; D012307:Risk Factors; D012639:Seeds / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014504:Urban Health / Q000208:ethnology
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates