title: Reduced Ki67 Staining in the Postmortem State Calls Into Question Past Conclusions About the Lack of Turnover of Adult Human β-Cells.
abstract: Some report that adult human β-cells do not replicate, but we postulate this assumption is erroneous due a postmortem decline in replication markers such as Ki67. Our earlier report showed that Ki67-marked β-cells were rarely found in human cadaveric pancreases but were in the range of 0.2-0.5% in human islets transplanted into mice. This study subjected 4-week-old mice to autopsy conditions that typically occur with humans. Mice were killed, left at room temperature for 3 h, and then placed at 4°C for 3, 9, or 21 h. There was a rapid marked fall in Ki67 staining of β-cells compared with those fixed immediately. Values at death were 6.9 ± 0.9% (n = 6) after a 24-h fast, 4.1 ± 0.9% (n = 6) at 3 h room temperature, 2.7 ± 0.7% (n = 5) at 6 h, 1.6 ± 0.6% (n = 5) at 12 h, and 2.9 ± 0.8% (n = 5) at 24 h. Similar postmortem conditions in newborn pigs resulted in very similar declines in Ki67 staining of their β-cells. These data support the hypothesis that conclusions on the lack of replication of adult human β-cells are incorrect and suggest that adult human β-cells replicate at a low but quantitatively meaningful rate.
authors.affiliation: Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA.
authors.forename: Brooke A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.affiliation: Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hollister-Lock
authors.affiliation: Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA.
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bonner-Weir
authors.affiliation: Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA gordon.weir@joslin.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Gordon C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Weir
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D015415:Biomarkers; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D007511:Ischemia; D016381:Islets of Langerhans Transplantation / Q000502:physiology*; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D011180:Postmortem Changes; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D013552:Swine; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen