title: [An outbreak of mumps in a high school: Estimation of vaccine effectiveness. Zaragoza 2011].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mumps outbreaks continue to occur, even after the consolidation of vaccination programs. An outbreak of mumps occurred in a high school in Zaragoza during December 2011.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe the outbreak and estimate vaccine effectiveness.
  
  
  METHODS
  
  
  
  METHODS
  unilateral or bilateral swelling of the parotid or other salivary glands for three or more days without any other apparent cause.
  People attending the 'Parque Goya' High School or with transmission chain origin in the High School.
  From two days before the onset of symptoms of the first case to five days after the last case. Samples were collected for virus confirmation (IgM, urine culture and oropharyngeal exudate), and isolates were processed for genotyping. A retrospective cohort study was performed in two high school classrooms to estimate vaccine efficacy. Public health authorities conducted active surveillance, isolation of cases, and vaccination of susceptible contacts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 27 cases. Twenty-one (77.8%) were vaccinated with two doses of Measles-Mumps-Rubella vaccine. Twelve (44%) were confirmed microbiologically. G1 genotype was determined in six cases. According to the cohort study, vaccine efficacy for one dose was 34% (95%CI: -44 to 70), and was 67% (95%CI: 28 to 83) for two doses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vaccine effectiveness was lower than expected. Early detection and isolation of cases have been instrumental in preventing new cases in schools.
authors.affiliation: Sección de Vigilancia Epidemiológica, Subdirección Provincial de Salud Pública de Zaragoza, Departamento de Sanidad, Bienestar Social y Familia, Gobierno de Aragón, Zaragoza, España. Electronic address: ccompesd@salud.aragon.es.
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Compés-Dea
authors.affiliation: Sección de Vigilancia Epidemiológica, Subdirección Provincial de Salud Pública de Zaragoza, Departamento de Sanidad, Bienestar Social y Familia, Gobierno de Aragón, Zaragoza, España.
authors.forename: Joaquín
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guimbao-Bescós
authors.affiliation: Sección de Vigilancia Epidemiológica, Subdirección Provincial de Salud Pública de Zaragoza, Departamento de Sanidad, Bienestar Social y Familia, Gobierno de Aragón, Zaragoza, España.
authors.forename: José Ignacio
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Gaspar-Escayola
authors.affiliation: Sección de Vigilancia Epidemiológica, Subdirección Provincial de Salud Pública de Zaragoza, Departamento de Sanidad, Bienestar Social y Familia, Gobierno de Aragón, Zaragoza, España.
authors.forename: María Ángeles
authors.initials: MÁ
authors.lastname: Lázaro-Belanche
authors.affiliation: Sección de Vigilancia Epidemiológica, Subdirección Provincial de Salud Pública de Zaragoza, Departamento de Sanidad, Bienestar Social y Familia, Gobierno de Aragón, Zaragoza, España.
authors.forename: Amaya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aznar-Brieba
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D016358:Contact Tracing; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009107:Mumps / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D009108:Mumps Vaccine / Q000276:immunology*; D009109:Mumps virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012574:Schools; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D014611:Vaccination / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D064166:Vaccine Potency; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D009108:Mumps Vaccine
keywords: Brotes de enfermedades; Disease outbreaks; Efectividad; Effectiveness; Epidemiological surveillance; Mumps; Mumps vaccine; Parotiditis; Vacuna parotiditis; Vigilancia epidemiológica