title: Biosynthesis and the conjugation of magnetite nanoparticles with luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH).
abstract: This paper presents the results of an experimental study of the biosynthesis of magnetite nanoparticles (BMNPs) with particle sizes between 10 nm and 60 nm. The biocompatible magnetic nanoparticles are produced from Magnetospirillum magneticum (M.M.) bacteria that respond to magnetic fields. M.M. bacteria were cultured and used to synthesize magnetite nanoparticles. This was done in an enriched magnetic spirillum growth medium (EMSGM) at different pH levels. The nanoparticle concentrations were characterized with UV-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, while the particle shapes were elucidated via transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The structure of the particles was studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), while the hydrodynamic radii, particle size distributions and polydispersity of the nanoparticles were characterized using dynamic light scattering (DLS). Carbodiimide reduction was also used to functionalize the BMNPs with a molecular recognition unit (luteinizing hormone releasing hormone, LHRH) that attaches specifically to receptors that are over-expressed on the surfaces of most breast cancer cell types. The resulting nanoparticles were examined using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and quantitative image analysis. The implications of the results are then discussed for the potential development of magnetic nanoparticles for the specific targeting and treatment of breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, African University of Science and Technology (AUST) Abuja, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kwara State University, Malete, Kwara State, Nigeria.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Obayemi
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, African University of Science and Technology (AUST) Abuja, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria; Sheda Science and Technology Complex (SHESTCO) Abuja, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dozie-Nwachukwu
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, African University of Science and Technology (AUST) Abuja, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria; Department of Electronics and Electricals Engineering, Nigerian Turkish Nile University, Abuja, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Danyuo
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, African University of Science and Technology (AUST) Abuja, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria; Sheda Science and Technology Complex (SHESTCO) Abuja, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria.
authors.forename: O S
authors.initials: OS
authors.lastname: Odusanya
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Bronx Community College, New York, NY 10453, USA; Princeton Institute of Science and Technology of Materials (PRISM), Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Anuku
authors.affiliation: Princeton Institute of Science and Technology of Materials (PRISM), Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, NJ 08544, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Malatesta
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, African University of Science and Technology (AUST) Abuja, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria; Princeton Institute of Science and Technology of Materials (PRISM), Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, NJ 08544, USA. Electronic address: soboyejo@princeton.edu.
authors.forename: W O
authors.initials: WO
authors.lastname: Soboyejo
mesh_terms: D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000737:chemistry*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D053758:Nanoparticles; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide
keywords: Breast cancer; Iron (III) oxide; Luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH); Magnetite nanoparticles; Magnetospirillum magneticum; Magnetotactic bacteria