title: Moving from evidence to practice: Models of care for the prevention and management of musculoskeletal conditions.
abstract: With musculoskeletal conditions now identified as the second highest cause of the morbidity-related global burden of disease, models of care for the prevention and management of disability related to musculoskeletal conditions are an imperative. Musculoskeletal models of care aim to describe how to operationalise evidence-based guidelines for musculoskeletal conditions and thus support implementation by clinical teams and their health systems. This review of models of care for musculoskeletal pain conditions, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis and musculoskeletal injuries and trauma outlines health system and local implementation strategies to improve consumer outcomes, including supporting access to multidisciplinary teams, improving access for vulnerable populations and levering digital technologies to support access and self-management. However, the challenge remains of how to inform health system decision-makers and policy about the human and fiscal benefits for broad implementation across health services. Recommendations are made for potential solutions, as well as highlighting where further evidence is required.
authors.affiliation: New South Wales Agency for Clinical Innovation, Chatswood, NSW, Australia. Electronic address: Robyn.Speerin@aci.health.nsw.gov.au.
authors.forename: Robyn
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Speerin
authors.affiliation: School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia. Electronic address: H.Slater@curtin.edu.au.
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Slater
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Arthritis Research Centre of Canada, Richmond, British Columbia, Canada. Electronic address: lli@arthritisresearch.ca.
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Health Strategy and Networks, Department of Health, Government of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia. Electronic address: Karina.Moore@health.wa.gov.au.
authors.forename: Karina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore. Electronic address: madelynn_chan@ttsh.com.sg.
authors.forename: Madelynn
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: Department for Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, Prevention and Health Service Research, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany; Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Medical Park Berlin Humboldtmühle, Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: Karsten.Dreinhoefer@charite.de.
authors.forename: Karsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dreinhöfer
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. Electronic address: peter.ebeling@monash.edu.
authors.forename: Peter R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Ebeling
authors.affiliation: Discipline of General Practice, Sydney Medical Program, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Electronic address: simon.willcock@sydney.edu.au.
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Willcock
authors.affiliation: School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; Arthritis and Osteoporosis Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. Electronic address: A.Briggs@curtin.edu.au.
authors.forename: Andrew M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Briggs
mesh_terms: D003695:Delivery of Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration*; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006291:Health Policy; D006801:Humans; D017146:Models, Organizational; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control*
keywords: Arthritis; Evidence; Implementation; Injury; Model of care; Musculoskeletal; Osteoporosis; Pain; Policy