title: Heat strain evaluation of overt and covert body armour in a hot and humid environment.
abstract: The aim of this study was to elucidate the thermophysiological effects of wearing lightweight non-military overt and covert personal body armour (PBA) in a hot and humid environment. Eight healthy males walked on a treadmill for 120 min at 22% of their heart rate reserve in a climate chamber simulating 31 °C (60%RH) wearing either no armour (control), overt or covert PBA in addition to a security guard uniform, in a randomised controlled crossover design. No significant difference between conditions at the end of each trial was observed in core temperature, heart rate or skin temperature (P > 0.05). Covert PBA produced a significantly greater amount of body mass change (-1.81 ± 0.44%) compared to control (-1.07 ± 0.38%, P = 0.009) and overt conditions (-1.27 ± 0.44%, P = 0.025). Although a greater change in body mass was observed after the covert PBA trial; based on the physiological outcome measures recorded, the heat strain encountered while wearing lightweight, non-military overt or covert PBA was negligible compared to no PBA.
  The wearing of bullet proof vests or body armour is a requirement of personnel engaged in a wide range of occupations including police, security, customs and even journalists in theatres of war. This randomised controlled crossover study is the first to examine the thermophysiological effects of wearing lightweight non-military overt and covert personal body armour (PBA) in a hot and humid environment. We conclude that the heat strain encountered while wearing both overt and covert lightweight, non-military PBA was negligible compared to no PBA.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia. Electronic address: aj.pyke@qut.edu.au.
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Pyke
authors.affiliation: Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia. Electronic address: joseph.costello@qut.edu.au.
authors.forename: Joseph T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Costello
authors.affiliation: Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia. Electronic address: i.stewart@qut.edu.au.
authors.forename: Ian B
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Stewart
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005080:Exercise Test; D006339:Heart Rate; D018882:Heat Stress Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006358:Hot Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D006813:Humidity / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D011481:Protective Clothing / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012881:Skin Temperature; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology; D015431:Weight Loss; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Heat stress; Hydration; Personal protective equipment