title: Phase 2 study of accelerated hypofractionated thoracic radiation therapy and concurrent chemotherapy in patients with limited-stage small-cell lung cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To prospectively investigate the efficacy and toxicity of accelerated hypofractionated thoracic radiation therapy (HypoTRT) combined with concurrent chemotherapy in the treatment of limited-stage small-cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC), with the hypothesis that both high radiation dose and short radiation time are important in this setting.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with previously untreated LS-SCLC, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 to 2, and adequate organ function were eligible. HypoTRT of 55 Gy at 2.5 Gy per fraction over 30 days was given on the first day of the second or third cycle of chemotherapy. An etoposide/cisplatin regimen was given to 4 to 6 cycles. Patients who had a good response to initial treatment were offered prophylactic cranial irradiation. The primary endpoint was the 2-year progression-free survival rate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-nine patients were enrolled from July 2007 through February 2012 (median age, 58 years; 86% male). The 2-year progression-free survival rate was 49.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] 35.3%-62.7%). Median survival time was 28.5 months (95% CI 9.0-48.0 months); the 2-year overall survival rate was 58.2% (95% CI 44.5%-71.9%). The 2-year local control rate was 76.4% (95% CI 63.7%-89.1%). The severe hematologic toxicities (grade 3 or 4) were leukopenia (32%), neutropenia (25%), and thrombocytopenia (15%). Acute esophagitis and pneumonitis of grade ≥3 occurred in 25% and 10% of the patients, respectively. Thirty-eight patients (64%) received prophylactic cranial irradiation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study showed that HypoTRT of 55 Gy at 2.5 Gy per fraction daily concurrently with etoposide/cisplatin chemotherapy has favorable survival and acceptable toxicity. This radiation schedule deserves further investigation in LS-SCLC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Ling-Zhi
authors.initials: LZ
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xu-Wei
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Zheng-Fei
authors.initials: ZF
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Kuai-Le
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Jing-Fang
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Huan-Jun
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Kai-Liang
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: xlfu1964@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Xiao-Long
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Fu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018450:Disease Progression; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D019583:Dose Fractionation, Radiation; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D055752:Small Cell Lung Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D005047:Etoposide; D002945:Cisplatin