title: New insights in the composition of extracellular vesicles from pancreatic cancer cells: implications for biomarkers and functions.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pancreatic cancer development is associated with characteristic alterations like desmoplastic reaction and immune escape which are mediated by the cell-cell communication mechanism and by the microenvironment of the cells. The whole of released components are important determinants in these processes. Especially the extracellular vesicles released by pancreatic cancer cells play a role in cell communication and modulate cell growth and immune responses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Here, we present the proteomic description of affinity purified extracellular vesicles from pancreatic tumour cells, compared to the secretome, defined as the whole of the proteins released by pancreatic cancer cells. The proteomic data provide comprehensive catalogues of hundreds of proteins, and the comparison reveals a special proteomic composition of pancreatic cancer cell derived extracellular vesicles. The functional analysis of the protein composition displayed that membrane proteins, glycoproteins, small GTP binding proteins and a further, heterogeneous group of proteins are enriched in vesicles, whereas proteins derived from proteasomes and ribosomes, as well as metabolic enzymes, are not components of the vesicles. Furthermore proteins playing a role in carcinogenesis and modulators of the extracellular matrix (ECM) or cell-cell interactions are components of affinity purified extracellular vesicles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data deepen the knowledge of extracellular vesicle composition by hundreds of proteins that have not been previously described as vesicle components released by pancreatic cancer cells. Extracellular vesicles derived from pancreatic cancer cells show common proteins shared with other vesicles as well as cell type specific proteins indicating biomarker candidates and suggesting functional roles in cancer cell stroma interactions.
authors.affiliation: IMBL, Medical Clinic Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum GmbH, Ruhr-University Bochum, In der Schornau 23-25, 44892 Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Klein-Scory
authors.affiliation: Functional Proteome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Mahnaz Moradian
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Tehrani
authors.affiliation: IMBL, Medical Clinic Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum GmbH, Ruhr-University Bochum, In der Schornau 23-25, 44892 Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Eilert-Micus
authors.affiliation: IMBL, Medical Clinic Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum GmbH, Ruhr-University Bochum, In der Schornau 23-25, 44892 Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: Kamila A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Adamczyk
authors.affiliation: IMBL, Medical Clinic Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum GmbH, Ruhr-University Bochum, In der Schornau 23-25, 44892 Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wojtalewicz
authors.affiliation: Functional Proteome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schnölzer
authors.affiliation: Molecular Gastrointestinal Oncology MGO, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: Stephan A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Hahn
authors.affiliation: IMBL, Medical Clinic Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum GmbH, Ruhr-University Bochum, In der Schornau 23-25, 44892 Bochum, Germany ; Medical Department, Medical Clinic Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum GmbH, Ruhr-University Bochum, In der Schornau 23-25, 44892 Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: Wolff
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Schmiegel
authors.affiliation: IMBL, Medical Clinic Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum GmbH, Ruhr-University Bochum, In der Schornau 23-25, 44892 Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: Irmgard
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Schwarte-Waldhoff
keywords: Affinity purification; Biomarker; Exosome; Extracellular vesicles; Pancreatic cancer; Proteomics; Secretome