title: A Description of Biremis panamae sp. nov., a New Diatom Species from the Marine Littoral, with an Account of the Phylogenetic Position of Biremis D.G. Mann et E.J. Cox (Bacillariophyceae).
abstract: Here we present a formal description of Biremis panamae Barka, Witkowski et Weisenborn sp. nov., which was isolated from the marine littoral environment of the Pacific Ocean coast of Panama. The description is based on morphology (light and electron microscopy) and the rbcL, psbC and SSU sequences of one clone of this species. The new species is included in Biremis due to its morphological features; i.e. two marginal rows of foramina, chambered striae, and girdle composed of numerous punctate copulae. The new species also possesses a striated valve face which is not seen in most known representatives of marine littoral Biremis species. In this study we also present the relationship of Biremis to other taxa using morphology, DNA sequence data and observations of auxosporulation. Our results based on these three sources point to an evolutionary relationship between Biremis, Neidium and Scoliopleura. The unusual silicified incunabular caps present in them are known otherwise only in Muelleria, which is probably related to the Neidiaceae and Scoliotropidaceae. We also discuss the relationship between Biremis and the recently described Labellicula and Olifantiella.
authors.affiliation: Palaeoceanology Unit, Faculty of Geosciences, University of Szczecin, Mickiewicza 18, PL-70-383, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Witkowski
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors.forename: Frederik
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barka
authors.affiliation: Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, Scotland, United Kingdom; Aquatic Ecosystems, Institute for Food and Agricultural Research and Technology (IRTA), Crta de Poble Nou Km 5.5, E-43540 Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Catalunya, Spain.
authors.forename: David G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Mann
authors.affiliation: Palaeoceanology Unit, Faculty of Geosciences, University of Szczecin, Mickiewicza 18, PL-70-383, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Chunlian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe University, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors.forename: Jascha L F
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Weisenborn
authors.affiliation: Section of Integrative Biology, Biological Laboratories, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America.
authors.forename: Matt P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Ashworth
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Engineering and Material Science, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Krzysztof J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Kurzydłowski
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Engineering and Material Science, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Izabela
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Zgłobicka
authors.affiliation: Palaeoceanology Unit, Faculty of Geosciences, University of Szczecin, Mickiewicza 18, PL-70-383, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Sławomir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dobosz
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000502:physiology; D017377:Diatoms / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010140:Pacific Ocean; D010176:Panama; D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D012273:Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex; D012273:Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase