title: In vitro activity of Amazon plant extracts against Enterococcus faecalis.
abstract: Previous studies analyzing 2,200 plant extracts indicated anti-enterococcal activity in 25 extracts obtained from Brazilian forests' plants. In the present study, these extracts were subjected to microdilution broth assay (MDBA) and disk diffusion assay (DDA) using planktonic Enterococcus faecalis ATCC(®) 29212™ and were submitted to phytochemical analysis in TLC and HPLC. Three extracts obtained from Ipomoea alba (MIC < 40 μg/mL), Diclinanona calycina (MIC ≤ 40 μg/mL) and Moronobea coccinea (40 < MIC < 80 μg/mL; MBC = 80 μg/mL) showed significant bactericidal activity in the MDBA and four extracts obtained from I. alba (14.04 ± 0.55 mm diameter) S. globulifera (14.43 ± 0.33 mm and 12.18 ± 0.28 mm diameter) and Connarus ruber var. ruber (13.13 ± 0.18 mm diameter) were active in DDA. Residues H2O obtained from Psidium densicomum (mean of 16.78 mm diameter) and from Stryphnodendron pulcherrimum (mean of 15.97 mm diameter) have shown an improved antibacterial activity after fractionation if compared to that obtained from the respective crude extracts. Antioxidant activity was observed in some residues of the active extracts. TLC analysis showed that phenolic compounds are likely to be found in active extracts. Three molecules were isolated from S. globulifera and were identified by (13)C NMR lupeol, α-amyrin and 3β-hydroxyglutin-5-ene. The present chemical and biological findings suggest that these extracts are a potential source of new anti-Enterococcus compounds to be introduced in endodontic therapy.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Graduação em Odontologia Universidade Paulista São PauloSP Brazil Programa de Graduação em Odontologia, Universidade Paulista, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Adriana Lígia
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: de Castilho
authors.affiliation: Programa de Graduação em Odontologia Universidade Paulista São PauloSP Brazil Programa de Graduação em Odontologia, Universidade Paulista, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juliana Paola Correa
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Programa de Graduação em Odontologia Universidade Paulista São PauloSP Brazil Programa de Graduação em Odontologia, Universidade Paulista, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cintia Helena Coury
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Saraceni
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Extração Núcleo de Pesquisas em Biodiversidade São PauloSP Brazil Laboratório de Extração, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Biodiversidade, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ingrit Elida Collantes
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: Díaz
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Extração Núcleo de Pesquisas em Biodiversidade São PauloSP Brazil Laboratório de Extração, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Biodiversidade, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mateus Luís Barradas
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Paciencia
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Extração Núcleo de Pesquisas em Biodiversidade São PauloSP Brazil Laboratório de Extração, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Biodiversidade, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Antonio Drauzio
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Varella
authors.affiliation: Programa de Graduação em Odontologia Universidade Paulista São PauloSP Brazil Programa de Graduação em Odontologia, Universidade Paulista, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. ; Laboratório de Extração Núcleo de Pesquisas em Biodiversidade São PauloSP Brazil Laboratório de Extração, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Biodiversidade, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ivana Barbosa
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Suffredini
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001938:Brazil; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000187:drug effects*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008958:Models, Molecular; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010944:Plants / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Amazon rain forest; Enterococcus faecalis; antibacterial activity; bioprospection; endodontitis