title: Effects of sodium citrate on salt sensitivity and kidney injury in chronic renal failure.
abstract: Metabolic acidosis, which is observed in salt-sensitive hypertension, is also associated with kidney injury. Alkali therapy in chronic renal failure (CRF) may ameliorate the progression of kidney disease; however, few studies have examined the effects of alkali therapy on salt sensitivity and kidney injury in CRF. We randomly administered standard diet (SD), sodium chloride with 20% casein diet (NACL), or sodium citrate with 20% casein diet (NACT) to Sprague-Dawley rats after a CRF or a sham operation. Four weeks after 5/6 nephrectomy, serum bicarbonate levels were higher in the NACT-treated group. On the pressure-natriuresis curve, NACT-treated CRF rats were more salt-resistant than NACL-treated CRF rats. Additionally, the NACT-treated CRF group showed less tubulointerstitial damage than the NACL-treated CRF group. The expression and immunoreactivity of NHE3 in the kidney in the NACT-treated CRF group were lower than those in the NACL-treated CRF group. We observed that dietary NACT as alkali therapy in CRF might improve the altered salt-sensitivity and ameliorate the progression of kidney injury compared to the NACL diet, which may be related to reduced renal NHE3 expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea. ; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sejoong
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7238-9962
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Young
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4249-2440
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Sook
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3264-3866
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jeonghwan
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3199-635X
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. ; Department of Internal Medicine, Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Nam Ju
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3721-4830
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Heo
authors.affiliation: Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Jae Wook
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0120-8164
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea. ; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ki Young
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8872-8236
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Na
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Suk
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6892-5518
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D002951:Citrates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D055049:Salt Tolerance / Q000187:drug effects*; D000077559:Sodium Citrate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D002951:Citrates; D000077559:Sodium Citrate
keywords: Acidosis; Citrates; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Natriuresis