title: Lessons from malaria control to elimination: case study in Hainan and Yunnan provinces.
abstract: Reduction patterns of Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax malaria transmission and the role of an integrated strategy of case management and vector control are compared between different ecological zones. The epidemiology of malaria in Hainan and Yunnan provinces was disparate, even though distinct malaria control strategies have been adapted to different situations based on risk group, vector behaviours, local health infrastructure, and environmental conditions. The island Hainan appears to be victorious in eliminating malaria. However, there is still a long way to go to prevent the reintroduction of malaria in Hainan province and eliminating malaria in the border areas of Yunnan province. This review of the experiences and challenges from malaria control to elimination in Hainan and Yunnan provinces of southern China will provide a basis for the future elimination of malaria in the whole country.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, MOH; WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Gui
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, MOH; WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, MOH; WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, MOH; WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, MOH; WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xin-Yu
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, MOH; WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lin-Hua
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Hainan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haikou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shan-Qing
authors.initials: SQ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Yunnan Provincial Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Pu-er, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Heng-Lin
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Provincial Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Randall
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kramer
authors.affiliation: Centre for Sustainable Malaria Control, Faculty of Natural and Environmental Science; Center for Sustainable Malaria Control, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences,University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
authors.forename: Tambo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ernest
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Peiling
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yap
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, MOH; WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Nong
authors.initials: XN
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D060740:Disease Eradication; D006801:Humans; D008288:Malaria / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum; D010966:Plasmodium vivax
keywords: Anti-malaria drug; Case detection; Case study; China; Hainan; Lessons; Surveillance; Transmission factor; Vector control; Yunnan