title: Adverse drug reaction-related hospitalisations among patients with heart failure at two hospitals in the United Arab Emirates.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Little is known about the adverse drug reaction (ADR) related admissions among heart failure (HF) patients.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine the rate, factors, and medications associated with ADR-related hospitalisations among HF patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two government hospitals in Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective, observational study. Consecutive adult HF patients who were admitted between December 2011 and November 2012 to the cardiology units were included in this study. The circumstances of their admission were analysed.
  
  
  METHODS
  ADRs-related admissions of HF patients to cardiology units were identified and further assessed for their nature, causality, and preventability.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 511 admissions, 34 were due to ADR-related hospitalisation (6.65, 95 % confidence interval 4.8-8.5 %). Number of medications taken by HF patients was the only predictors of ADR-related hospitalisations, where higher number of medications was associated with the odd ratio of 1.11 (95 % CI, 1.03-1.20, P = 0.005). More than one-third of ADR-related hospitalisations (35 %) were preventable The most frequent drugs causing ADR-related hospitalisation were diuretics (32 %), followed by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (15 %), thiazolidinediones (9 %), anticoagulants (9 %), antiplatelets (6 %), and aldosterone blockers (6 %).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ADR-related hospitalisations account for 6.7 % of admissions of HF patients to cardiac units, one-third of which are preventable. Number of medications taken by HF patients is the only predictors of ADR-related hospitalisations. Diuretic induced volume depletion, and sodium and water retention caused by thiazolidinediones and NSAIDs medications are the major causes of ADR-related hospitalisations of HF patients.
authors.affiliation: Discipline of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia, narjessharifaskari@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Narjes
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saheb Sharif-Askari
authors.forename: Syed Azhar
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Syed Sulaiman
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Saheb Sharif-Askari
authors.forename: Ali Al Sayed
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Hussain
mesh_terms: D016907:Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems / Q000639:trends; D000368:Aged; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000009:adverse effects; D004232:Diuretics / Q000009:adverse effects; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014479:United Arab Emirates / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000925:Anticoagulants; D004232:Diuretics