title: Anodic alumina coating for extraction of volatile organic compounds in human exhaled breath vapor.
abstract: The objective of the study is to develop a facile and highly sensitive solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method for the analysis of volatile organic compounds in human exhaled breath vapor. For the purpose, a highly ordered nanoporous anodic alumina coating was prepared by a two-step anodic oxidization method based on aluminum substrate. To have a good knowledge of the fiber, some features were characterized and the results indicate that the coating has several advantages, including excellent chemical and thermal stability, high mechanical strength, large surface area and good extraction performance. In addition, some parameters related to extraction efficiency were also studied. Under the optimal conditions, the coating was used to quantitatively extract volatile organic compounds. Good linearity and wide linear range were obtained with correlation coefficients (R(2)) ranging from 0.9933 to 0.9999. The detection limits of benzene homologues, aldehydes and ketones were between 0.7 and 3.4 ng L(-1). Relative standard deviations (n=5) ranged from 1.8 to 15.0%. Satisfied recovery (89-115%) was obtained at two spiked concentration levels. Finally, the developed method was successfully applied for the analysis of volatile organic compounds in human exhaled vapor samples of lung cancer patients and the controls, and the results were statistically analyzed with Independent-Sample T Test. The proposed method exhibits some outstanding merits, including convenience, non-invasion, low cost and sensitivity. It provides a potential tool for rapid detection of volatile organic compounds in human exhaled breath.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: GuoJuan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: LiangYuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: huixu@mail.ccnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000447:Aldehydes / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000537:Aluminum Oxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D001555:Benzene Derivatives / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004566:Electrodes; D017743:Equipment Reuse; D045853:Exhalation; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007659:Ketones / Q000302:isolation & purification; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000175:diagnosis*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction / Q000379:methods*; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D000447:Aldehydes; D001555:Benzene Derivatives; D007659:Ketones; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds; D000537:Aluminum Oxide
keywords: Anodic alumina; Fiber; Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry; Solid phase microextraction; Volatile organic compounds