title: In vivo and in vitro antitumor effects of platycodin d, a saponin purified from platycodi radix on the h520 lung cancer cell.
abstract: Platycodin D is a major pharmacological constituent of Platycodi radix and has showed various pharmacological activities through oxidative stress defense mechanisms. Here, possible antitumor, anticachexia, and immunomodulatory activities of platycodin D were observed on the H520 tumor cell-bearing athymic nude mice after confirming the in vitro cytotoxicity. Platycodin D was orally administered at dose levels of 200, 100, and 50 mg/kg, once a day for 35 days from 15 days after implantation. The results were compared with gemcitabine 160 mg/kg intraperitoneally treated mice (7-day intervals). Platycodin D showed favorable cytotoxic effects on the H520 cells, and also dose-dependently decreased the tumor volumes and weights with increases of apoptotic cells (caspase-3 and PARP immunopositive cells), iNOS and TNF-α immunoreactivities, decreases of COX-2 immunoreactivities in tumor masses. Platycodin D also showed dose-dependent immunostimulatory and anticachexia effects. Gemcitabine showed favorable cytotoxity against H520 tumor cell and related in vivo antitumor effects but aggravated the cancer related cachexia and immunosuppress in H520 tumor cell-bearing athymic nude mice. Taken together, it is considered that oral treatment of platycodin D has potent antitumor activities on H520 cells through direct cytotoxic effects, increases of apoptosis in tumor cells, and immunostimulatory effects and can be control cancer related cachexia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Internal Medicine of Anatomy and Histology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, No. 1 Haanydae-ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-715, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Chan
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 712-715, Republic of Korea ; The Medical Center for Globalization of Herbal Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 712-715, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young Joon
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6439-9987
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Internal Medicine of Anatomy and Histology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, No. 1 Haanydae-ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-715, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hae Yun
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Natural Medicine Resources, Semyung University, Hecheon 390-711, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Kook
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Internal Medicine of Anatomy and Histology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, No. 1 Haanydae-ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-715, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Dae
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: The Medical Center for Globalization of Herbal Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 712-715, Republic of Korea ; Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, No. 1 Haanydae-ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-715, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sae Kwang
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Ku