title: In vitro inhibition of angiogenesis by heat and low pH stable hydroalcoholic extract of Peganum harmala seeds via inhibition of cell proliferation and suppression of VEGF secretion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Progression of cancer cells is completely dependent on its angiogenesis. Inhibition of tumor angiogenesis has shed new light on cancer treatment. As a result, anti-angiogenesis therapy represents one of the most significant advances in clinical oncology. Peganum harmala L. (Zygophyllaceae) is a native plant from the eastern Iranian region, which is used as a traditional folk medicine. Although some biological properties of this plant are determined, its effect on angiogenesis is still unclear.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the anti-angiogenic effects of heat and low pH stable hydroalcoholic extract of P. harmala seeds on endothelial cells (ECs) proliferation and VEGF secretion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dried Peganum seeds were purchased from Kermanshah Traditional Bazar in 2011. Hydroalcoholic extract of dried seeds (0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, and 150 μg/ml) was used for in vitro evaluation of its cytotoxicity, anti-proliferative, and anti-angiogenic effects on ECs. In vitro effect of the extract on VEGF secretion was assayed using ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment with hydroalcoholic extract at seven different concentrations resulted in significant decrease of ECs proliferation and angiogenesis with an ID50 of ∼ 85 μg/ml. VEGF secretion was (inhibited) decreased by the extracts at concentrations higher than 10 μg/ml.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Herbal plant extracts still attract attention owing to their fewer side effects comparing to synthetic drug agents. Current study indicated that hydroalcoholic extract of P. harmala seeds contains a potent anti-angiogenic component, which exerts its inhibitory effect mainly through down-regulation of essential mediators such as VEGF.
authors.affiliation: Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran .
authors.forename: Niloofar
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yavari
authors.forename: Farnoosh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Emamian
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yarani
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Reza Mohammadi-Motlagh
authors.forename: Kamran
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mansouri
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mostafaie
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002196:Capillaries / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D000431:Ethanol; D006358:Hot Temperature; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D032443:Peganum / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D012997:Solvents; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism*; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012997:Solvents; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D014867:Water; D000431:Ethanol
keywords: 3-D model; Anti-angiogenesis; vascular endothelial growth factor