title: Usefulness of DIGE for the detection of protein profile in retained and released bovine placental tissues.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Regardless intensive research, the etiology and mechanisms of retention of fetal membranes in cows, still require elucidation. In our research approach, difference in gel electrophoresis (DIGE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) identification were used to obtain first results on protein profile of bovine placental membranes which were properly released or retained for more than 12 h after parturition.
  
  
  METHODS
  Placentomes from 6 cows that released placenta and from 6 cows that retained fetal membranes were homogenized, fluorescence labeled and subjected to DIGE.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Selected spots that significantly differed between retained and released placenta as well as spots with constant appearance were identified by MALDI. This allowed identification of the following proteins with high statistical reliability: Transforming growth factor beta 2 - high expression in maternal and fetal part of retained fetal membranes, Short transient receptor potential channel 5 -high expression in maternal part of retained and not retained fetal membranes, Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor beta - high expression in fetal part of retained and not retained fetal membranes, Proline dehydrogenase 2 - similar expression in all examined samples, Ras-related protein Rab-7b -high expression only in maternal part of not retained fetal membranes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Up to now, these proteins have not been considered as possibly important molecules for the separation/retention of fetal membranes, but their biological roles may suggest it. Further studies are necessary to establish a full profile of bovine placental proteins and define target molecules that may be involved in separation/retention of fetal membranes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, 20-033 Lublin, Akademicka 12, Poland. Electronic address: marta.kankofer@up.lublin.pl.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kankofer
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, 20-033 Lublin, Akademicka 12, Poland. Electronic address: jacek.wawrzykowski@up.lublin.pl.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wawrzykowski
authors.affiliation: Institute for Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, Austria. Electronic address: Ingrid.Miller@vetmeduni.ac.at.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Production Medicine Unit, Clinic for Cattle, University of Veterinary Medicine, 30-173 Hannover, Bischofscholer Damm 15, Germany. Electronic address: Martina.Hoedemaker@tiho-hannover.de.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hoedemaker
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D055442:Metabolome; D010920:Placenta / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018457:Placenta, Retained / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D020543:Proteome / Q000032:analysis*; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D057825:Two-Dimensional Difference Gel Electrophoresis
chemical_list: D020543:Proteome
keywords: 2 dimensional electrophoresis; Bovine placenta; DIGE; MALDI; Retained fetal membranes