title: Implementation of an FTIR spectral library of 486 filamentous fungi strains for rapid identification of molds.
abstract: Filamentous fungi may cause food and feed spoilage and produce harmful metabolites to human and animal health such as mycotoxins. Identification of fungi using conventional phenotypic methods is time-consuming and molecular methods are still quite expensive and require specific laboratory skills. In the last two decades, it has been shown that Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was an efficient tool for microorganism identification. The aims of this study were to use a simple protocol for the identification of filamentous fungi using FTIR spectroscopy coupled with a partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), to implement a procedure to validate the obtained results, and to assess the transferability of the method and database. FTIR spectra of 486 strains (43 genera and 140 species) were recorded. An IR spectral database built with 288 strains was used to identify 105 different strains. It was found that 99.17% and 92.3% of spectra derived from these strains were correctly assigned at the genus and species levels, respectively. The establishment of a score and a threshold permitted to validate 80.79% of the results obtained. A standardization function (SF) was also implemented and tested on FTIR data from another instrument on a different site and permitted to increase the percentage of well predicted spectra for this set from 72.15% to 89.13%. This study confirms the good performance of high throughput FTIR spectroscopy for fungal identification using a spectral library of molds of industrial relevance.
authors.affiliation: MéDIAN-Biophotonique et Technologies pour la Santé, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, FRE CNRS 3481MEDyC, UFR de Pharmacie, 51 rue Cognacq-Jay, 51096 REIMS cedex, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lecellier
authors.affiliation: MéDIAN-Biophotonique et Technologies pour la Santé, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, FRE CNRS 3481MEDyC, UFR de Pharmacie, 51 rue Cognacq-Jay, 51096 REIMS cedex, France.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gaydou
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne (EA3882), SFR148 SclnBioS, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Université de Brest, ESIAB, Technopôle de Brest Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mounier
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne (EA3882), SFR148 SclnBioS, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Université de Brest, ESIAB, Technopôle de Brest Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hermet
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne (EA3882), SFR148 SclnBioS, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Université de Brest, ESIAB, Technopôle de Brest Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Castrec
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne (EA3882), SFR148 SclnBioS, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Université de Brest, ESIAB, Technopôle de Brest Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Barbier
authors.affiliation: AES CHEMUNEX/BIOMERIEUX, Rue Maryse Bastié, CS17219 Ker Lann, 35172 Bruz cedex, France.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ablain
authors.affiliation: MéDIAN-Biophotonique et Technologies pour la Santé, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, FRE CNRS 3481MEDyC, UFR de Pharmacie, 51 rue Cognacq-Jay, 51096 REIMS cedex, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Manfait
authors.affiliation: MéDIAN-Biophotonique et Technologies pour la Santé, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, FRE CNRS 3481MEDyC, UFR de Pharmacie, 51 rue Cognacq-Jay, 51096 REIMS cedex, France; Laboratoire de Parasitologie Mycologie, CHU de Reims, Hôpital Maison Blanche, 45 rue Cognacq Jay, 51092 Reims cedex, France.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Toubas
authors.affiliation: MéDIAN-Biophotonique et Technologies pour la Santé, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, FRE CNRS 3481MEDyC, UFR de Pharmacie, 51 rue Cognacq-Jay, 51096 REIMS cedex, France. Electronic address: ganesh.sockalingum@univ-reims.fr.
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Sockalingum
mesh_terms: D016208:Databases, Factual; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D005516:Food Microbiology; D005658:Fungi / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared / Q000379:methods*
keywords: FTIR spectroscopy; Filamentous fungi; Food industry; Identification; PLS-DA; Standardization function