title: Linifanib versus Sorafenib in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: results of a randomized phase III trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This open-label phase III trial evaluated efficacy and tolerability of linifanib versus sorafenib in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) without prior systemic therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to linifanib 17.5 mg once daily or sorafenib 400 mg twice daily. Patients were stratified by region (Outside Asia, Japan, and rest of Asia), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance score (ECOG PS; 0 or 1), vascular invasion or extrahepatic spread (yes or no), and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (yes or no). The primary end point of the study was overall survival (OS). Secondary end points were time to progression (TTP) and objective response rate (ORR) per RECIST v1.1.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We randomly assigned 1,035 patients (median age, 60 years; Asian, 66.6%; ECOG PS 0, 65.2%; HBV, 49.1%; vascular invasion or extrahepatic spread, 70.1%). Median OS was 9.1 months on the linifanib arm (95% CI, 8.1 to 10.2) and 9.8 months on the sorafenib arm (95% CI, 8.3 to 11.0; hazard ratio [HR], 1.046; 95% CI, 0.896 to 1.221). For prespecified stratification subgroups, OS HRs ranged from 0.793 to 1.119 and the 95% CI contained 1.0. Median TTP was 5.4 months on the linifanib arm (95% CI, 4.2 to 5.6) and 4.0 months on the sorafenib arm (95% CI, 2.8 to 4.2; HR, 0.759; 95% CI, 0.643 to 0.895; P = .001). Best response rate was 13.0% on the linifanib arm versus 6.9% on the sorafenib arm. Grade 3/4 adverse events (AEs); serious AEs; and AEs leading to discontinuation, dose interruption, and reduction were more frequent with linifanib (all P < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Linifanib and sorafenib had similar OS in advanced HCC. Predefined superiority and noninferiority OS boundaries were not met for linifanib and the study failed to meet the primary end point. TTP and ORR favored linifanib; safety results favored sorafenib.
authors.affiliation: Calin Cainap, Institute of Oncology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Shukui Qin, Chinese People's Liberation Army Cancer Center, Bayi Hospital, Beijing; Hongming Pan, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; Ying Cheng, Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, People's Republic of China; Wen-Tsung Huang, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying; Pei-Jer Chen, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Ik Joo Chung, Chonnam National University, Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollonam-do; Yoon-Koo Kang, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Masatoshi Kudo, Kinki University, Osaka, Japan; Han-Chong Toh, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Ferry A.L.M. Eskens, Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Jiang Qian, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL; Saied El-Nowiem, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt. calincainap@yahoo.co.uk.
authors.forename: Calin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cainap
authors.affiliation: Calin Cainap, Institute of Oncology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Shukui Qin, Chinese People's Liberation Army Cancer Center, Bayi Hospital, Beijing; Hongming Pan, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; Ying Cheng, Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, People's Republic of China; Wen-Tsung Huang, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying; Pei-Jer Chen, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Ik Joo Chung, Chonnam National University, Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollonam-do; Yoon-Koo Kang, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Masatoshi Kudo, Kinki University, Osaka, Japan; Han-Chong Toh, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Ferry A.L.M. Eskens, Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Jiang Qian, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL; Saied El-Nowiem, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
authors.forename: Shukui
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Calin Cainap, Institute of Oncology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Shukui Qin, Chinese People's Liberation Army Cancer Center, Bayi Hospital, Beijing; Hongming Pan, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; Ying Cheng, Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, People's Republic of China; Wen-Tsung Huang, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying; Pei-Jer Chen, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Ik Joo Chung, Chonnam National University, Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollonam-do; Yoon-Koo Kang, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Masatoshi Kudo, Kinki University, Osaka, Japan; Han-Chong Toh, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Ferry A.L.M. Eskens, Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Jiang Qian, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL; Saied El-Nowiem, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
authors.forename: Wen-Tsung
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Calin Cainap, Institute of Oncology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Shukui Qin, Chinese People's Liberation Army Cancer Center, Bayi Hospital, Beijing; Hongming Pan, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; Ying Cheng, Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, People's Republic of China; Wen-Tsung Huang, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying; Pei-Jer Chen, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Ik Joo Chung, Chonnam National University, Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollonam-do; Yoon-Koo Kang, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Masatoshi Kudo, Kinki University, Osaka, Japan; Han-Chong Toh, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Ferry A.L.M. Eskens, Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Jiang Qian, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL; Saied El-Nowiem, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ik Joo
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Calin Cainap, Institute of Oncology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Shukui Qin, Chinese People's Liberation Army Cancer Center, Bayi Hospital, Beijing; Hongming Pan, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; Ying Cheng, Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, People's Republic of China; Wen-Tsung Huang, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying; Pei-Jer Chen, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Ik Joo Chung, Chonnam National University, Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollonam-do; Yoon-Koo Kang, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Masatoshi Kudo, Kinki University, Osaka, Japan; Han-Chong Toh, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Ferry A.L.M. Eskens, Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Jiang Qian, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL; Saied El-Nowiem, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
authors.forename: Hongming
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Calin Cainap, Institute of Oncology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Shukui Qin, Chinese People's Liberation Army Cancer Center, Bayi Hospital, Beijing; Hongming Pan, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; Ying Cheng, Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, People's Republic of China; Wen-Tsung Huang, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying; Pei-Jer Chen, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Ik Joo Chung, Chonnam National University, Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollonam-do; Yoon-Koo Kang, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Masatoshi Kudo, Kinki University, Osaka, Japan; Han-Chong Toh, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Ferry A.L.M. Eskens, Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Jiang Qian, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL; Saied El-Nowiem, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Calin Cainap, Institute of Oncology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Shukui Qin, Chinese People's Liberation Army Cancer Center, Bayi Hospital, Beijing; Hongming Pan, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; Ying Cheng, Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, People's Republic of China; Wen-Tsung Huang, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying; Pei-Jer Chen, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Ik Joo Chung, Chonnam National University, Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollonam-do; Yoon-Koo Kang, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Masatoshi Kudo, Kinki University, Osaka, Japan; Han-Chong Toh, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Ferry A.L.M. Eskens, Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Jiang Qian, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL; Saied El-Nowiem, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kudo
authors.affiliation: Calin Cainap, Institute of Oncology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Shukui Qin, Chinese People's Liberation Army Cancer Center, Bayi Hospital, Beijing; Hongming Pan, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; Ying Cheng, Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, People's Republic of China; Wen-Tsung Huang, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying; Pei-Jer Chen, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Ik Joo Chung, Chonnam National University, Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollonam-do; Yoon-Koo Kang, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Masatoshi Kudo, Kinki University, Osaka, Japan; Han-Chong Toh, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Ferry A.L.M. Eskens, Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Jiang Qian, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL; Saied El-Nowiem, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
authors.forename: Yoon-Koo
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Calin Cainap, Institute of Oncology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Shukui Qin, Chinese People's Liberation Army Cancer Center, Bayi Hospital, Beijing; Hongming Pan, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; Ying Cheng, Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, People's Republic of China; Wen-Tsung Huang, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying; Pei-Jer Chen, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Ik Joo Chung, Chonnam National University, Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollonam-do; Yoon-Koo Kang, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Masatoshi Kudo, Kinki University, Osaka, Japan; Han-Chong Toh, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Ferry A.L.M. Eskens, Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Jiang Qian, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL; Saied El-Nowiem, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
authors.forename: Pei-Jer
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Calin Cainap, Institute of Oncology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Shukui Qin, Chinese People's Liberation Army Cancer Center, Bayi Hospital, Beijing; Hongming Pan, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; Ying Cheng, Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, People's Republic of China; Wen-Tsung Huang, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying; Pei-Jer Chen, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Ik Joo Chung, Chonnam National University, Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollonam-do; Yoon-Koo Kang, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Masatoshi Kudo, Kinki University, Osaka, Japan; Han-Chong Toh, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Ferry A.L.M. Eskens, Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Jiang Qian, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL; Saied El-Nowiem, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
authors.forename: Han-Chong
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Toh
authors.affiliation: Calin Cainap, Institute of Oncology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Shukui Qin, Chinese People's Liberation Army Cancer Center, Bayi Hospital, Beijing; Hongming Pan, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; Ying Cheng, Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, People's Republic of China; Wen-Tsung Huang, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying; Pei-Jer Chen, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Ik Joo Chung, Chonnam National University, Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollonam-do; Yoon-Koo Kang, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Masatoshi Kudo, Kinki University, Osaka, Japan; Han-Chong Toh, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Ferry A.L.M. Eskens, Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Jiang Qian, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL; Saied El-Nowiem, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
authors.forename: Vera
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gorbunova
authors.affiliation: Calin Cainap, Institute of Oncology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Shukui Qin, Chinese People's Liberation Army Cancer Center, Bayi Hospital, Beijing; Hongming Pan, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; Ying Cheng, Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, People's Republic of China; Wen-Tsung Huang, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying; Pei-Jer Chen, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Ik Joo Chung, Chonnam National University, Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollonam-do; Yoon-Koo Kang, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Masatoshi Kudo, Kinki University, Osaka, Japan; Han-Chong Toh, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Ferry A.L.M. Eskens, Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Jiang Qian, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL; Saied El-Nowiem, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ferry A L M
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Eskens
authors.affiliation: Calin Cainap, Institute of Oncology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Shukui Qin, Chinese People's Liberation Army Cancer Center, Bayi Hospital, Beijing; Hongming Pan, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; Ying Cheng, Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, People's Republic of China; Wen-Tsung Huang, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying; Pei-Jer Chen, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Ik Joo Chung, Chonnam National University, Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollonam-do; Yoon-Koo Kang, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Masatoshi Kudo, Kinki University, Osaka, Japan; Han-Chong Toh, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Ferry A.L.M. Eskens, Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Jiang Qian, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL; Saied El-Nowiem, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.affiliation: Calin Cainap, Institute of Oncology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Shukui Qin, Chinese People's Liberation Army Cancer Center, Bayi Hospital, Beijing; Hongming Pan, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; Ying Cheng, Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, People's Republic of China; Wen-Tsung Huang, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying; Pei-Jer Chen, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Ik Joo Chung, Chonnam National University, Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollonam-do; Yoon-Koo Kang, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Masatoshi Kudo, Kinki University, Osaka, Japan; Han-Chong Toh, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Ferry A.L.M. Eskens, Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Jiang Qian, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL; Saied El-Nowiem, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mark D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: McKee
authors.affiliation: Calin Cainap, Institute of Oncology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Shukui Qin, Chinese People's Liberation Army Cancer Center, Bayi Hospital, Beijing; Hongming Pan, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; Ying Cheng, Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, People's Republic of China; Wen-Tsung Huang, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying; Pei-Jer Chen, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Ik Joo Chung, Chonnam National University, Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollonam-do; Yoon-Koo Kang, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Masatoshi Kudo, Kinki University, Osaka, Japan; Han-Chong Toh, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Ferry A.L.M. Eskens, Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Jiang Qian, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL; Saied El-Nowiem, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
authors.forename: Justin L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Ricker
authors.affiliation: Calin Cainap, Institute of Oncology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Shukui Qin, Chinese People's Liberation Army Cancer Center, Bayi Hospital, Beijing; Hongming Pan, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; Ying Cheng, Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, People's Republic of China; Wen-Tsung Huang, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying; Pei-Jer Chen, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Ik Joo Chung, Chonnam National University, Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollonam-do; Yoon-Koo Kang, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Masatoshi Kudo, Kinki University, Osaka, Japan; Han-Chong Toh, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Ferry A.L.M. Eskens, Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Jiang Qian, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL; Saied El-Nowiem, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
authors.forename: Dawn M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Carlson
authors.affiliation: Calin Cainap, Institute of Oncology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Shukui Qin, Chinese People's Liberation Army Cancer Center, Bayi Hospital, Beijing; Hongming Pan, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; Ying Cheng, Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, People's Republic of China; Wen-Tsung Huang, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying; Pei-Jer Chen, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Ik Joo Chung, Chonnam National University, Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollonam-do; Yoon-Koo Kang, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Masatoshi Kudo, Kinki University, Osaka, Japan; Han-Chong Toh, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Ferry A.L.M. Eskens, Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Jiang Qian, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL; Saied El-Nowiem, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
authors.forename: Saied
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: El-Nowiem
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D060831:Hand-Foot Syndrome / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000139:chemically induced; D007191:Indazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D012307:Risk Factors; D000077157:Sorafenib; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007191:Indazoles; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D009536:Niacinamide; D000077157:Sorafenib; C513486:linifanib; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases