title: The tumor suppressor Lgl1 regulates front-rear polarity of migrating cells.
abstract: Cell migration is a highly integrated, multistep process that plays an important role in physiological and pathological processes. The migrating cell is highly polarized, with complex regulatory pathways that integrate its component processes spatially and temporally. The Drosophila tumor suppressor, Lethal (2) giant larvae (Lgl), regulates apical-basal polarity in epithelia and asymmetric cell division. But little is known about the role of Lgl in establishing cell polarity in migrating cells. Recently, we showed that the mammalian Lgl1 interacts directly with non-muscle myosin IIA (NMIIA), inhibiting its ability to assemble into filaments in vitro. Lgl1 also regulates the cellular localization of NMIIA, the maturation of focal adhesions, and cell migration. We further showed that phosphorylation of Lgl1 by aPKCζ prevents its interaction with NMIIA and is important for Lgl1 and acto-NMII cytoskeleton cellular organization. Lgl is a critical downstream target of the Par6-aPKC cell polarity complex; we showed that Lgl1 forms two distinct complexes in vivo, Lgl1-NMIIA and Lgl1-Par6-aPKCζ in different cellular compartments. We further showed that aPKCζ and NMIIA compete to bind directly to Lgl1 through the same domain. These data provide new insights into the role of Lgl1, NMIIA, and Par6-aPKCζ in establishing front-rear polarity in migrating cells. In this commentary, I discuss the role of Lgl1 in the regulation of the acto-NMII cytoskeleton and its regulation by the Par6-aPKCζ polarity complex, and how Lgl1 activity may contribute to the establishment of front-rear polarity in migrating cells.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; The Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada ; The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School ; Jerusalem , Israel.
authors.forename: Shoshana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ravid
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement; D016764:Cell Polarity; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000502:physiology*; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000235:genetics*; D004848:Epithelium; D022001:Focal Adhesions; D024507:Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIA / Q000502:physiology*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000502:physiology; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; C081435:l(2)gl protein, Drosophila; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D024507:Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIA
keywords: Lethal giant larvae (Lgl); Par6-aPKC; cell migration; cell polarity; non-muscle myosin II