title: Quantitative transdermal behavior of pellitorine from Anacyclus pyrethrum extract.
abstract: The plant Anacyclus pyrethrum (AP) consists of several N-alkylamides with pellitorine as main constituent. AP extracts are known to be biologically active and some products for topical administration containing AP plant extracts are already commercially available with functional cosmeceutical claims. However, no transdermal data for pellitorine are currently available. Therefore, our general goal was to investigate the local skin pharmacokinetics of the plant N-alkylamide pellitorine using a Franz diffusion cell set-up. Two different forms were applied on human skin: purified pellitorine and the AP extract. Our study demonstrated that pellitorine is able to cross the stratum corneum and the subsequent skin layers. A significantly higher permeability coefficient was observed when the AP extract (Kp=2.3 × 10(-4)cm/h) was administered, compared to purified pellitorine (Kp=1.1 × 10(-4)cm/h). With the obtained pellitorine concentrations in the skin layers and the receptor fluid, it is concluded that local and systemic effects can be expected after topical application. Due to these findings and as a regulatory consequence, products containing reasonable concentrations of pellitorine are recommended to be classified as a medicinal product.
authors.affiliation: Drug Quality and Registration (DruQuaR) Group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Lieselotte
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Veryser
authors.affiliation: Drug Quality and Registration (DruQuaR) Group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Lien
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Taevernier
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Ghent, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Roche
authors.affiliation: Department of Comparative Physiology and Biometrics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
authors.forename: Kathelijne
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Peremans
authors.affiliation: Department of Comparative Physiology and Biometrics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Burvenich
authors.affiliation: Drug Quality and Registration (DruQuaR) Group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. Electronic address: Bart.DeSpiegeleer@UGent.be.
authors.forename: Bart
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: De Spiegeleer
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000328:Adult; D019659:Asteraceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008875:Middle Aged; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D053284:Polyunsaturated Alkamides / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects; D012869:Skin Absorption
chemical_list: D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D010936:Plant Extracts; D053284:Polyunsaturated Alkamides; C008778:pellitorine
keywords: Anacyclus pyrethrum; Franz diffusion cells; Human skin; Pellitorine; Transdermal