title: Effect of Renal Transplantation in Restless Legs Syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Restless legs syndrome is a disorder in which patients have irresistible urge to move legs during rest. Restless legs syndrome seems to be common in end-stage renal disease. After a successful renal transplant, symptoms ameliorate with renal function improvement and restless legs syndrome is seen less in this population. Here, we aimed to investigate restless legs syndrome frequency and associated factors in renal transplant patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a cross-sectional study with 193 patients (116 hemodialysis patients, 45 transplant patients, and 32 controls), the presence of restless legs syndrome was assessed using the Restless Legs Syndrome Questionnaire. Medical history, demographic, and laboratory data were collected from the patients' medical records. Patients were questioned about the presence of restless legs syndrome using the Restless Legs Syndrome Questionnaire. Patients were evaluated with Beck Depression Scale for depression and Pittsburgh tests for sleep disturbances.
  
  
  RESULTS
  While the rate of restless legs syndrome was similar between transplants and controls, it was significantly greater in hemodialysis patients. Hemodialysis patients and controls had similar depression scores that were higher compared with transplant patients. Pittsburgh score was similar in transplant patients and controls and significantly increased in the hemodialysis patients. The rate of insomnia was significantly higher in the hemodialysis patients compared with the other 2 groups. Logistic regression analysis revealed independent correlates of restless legs syndrome as insomnia, Beck depression score, and being on hemodialysis. Linear regression analysis showed that independent correlates of higher Pittsburgh score were higher depression score, higher age, and presence of restless legs syndrome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of restless legs syndrome is significantly lower in transplant patients than it is in patients on maintenance dialysis. In renal transplant patients, restless legs syndrome frequency was found to be lower because of improved renal functions (normalization of uremia), psychological symptoms, and sleep disturbances.
authors.affiliation: From the Sevket Yilmaz Training and Research Hospital, Department of Nephrology, Bursa, Turkey.
authors.forename: Serdar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kahvecioglu
authors.forename: Demet
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yildiz
authors.forename: Nilufer
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Buyukkoyuncu
authors.forename: Huseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Celik
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tufan
authors.forename: Ahmet Kasım
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Kılıç
authors.forename: Bulent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gul
authors.forename: Abdulmecid
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yildiz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D016014:Linear Models; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012148:Restless Legs Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012890:Sleep; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome