title: Facial reanimation by masseteric muscle- mandibular periosteum transfer.
abstract: Permanent facial paralysis is a catastrophic event for involved patients. In long lasting paralysis with severe facial muscles atrophy, masseter muscle transfer is a very good choice. But its greatest problem is postoperative elongation of flap and gradual diminishing of early results and loss of symmetry. This article advocate a new modification for resolving this problem with concomitant elevation of mandibular periosteum with masseter muscle, as a unit for lip and midface elevation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Besat Hospital, Hamedan, Iran.
authors.forename: Ruholah
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Abbasi
keywords: Facial Reanimation; Mandibular periosteum transfer; Masseteric Muscle