title: Vibrational and optical spectroscopies integrated with environmental transmission electron microscopy.
abstract: Here, we present a measurement platform for collecting multiple types of spectroscopy data during high-resolution environmental transmission electron microscopy observations of dynamic processes. Such coupled measurements are made possible by a broadband, high-efficiency, free-space optical system. The critical element of the system is a parabolic mirror, inserted using an independent hollow rod and placed below the sample holder which can focus a light on the sample and/or collect the optical response. We demonstrate the versatility of this optical setup by using it to combine in situ atomic-scale electron microscopy observations with Raman spectroscopy. The Raman data is also used to measure the local temperature of the observed sample area. Other applications include, but are not limited to: cathodo- and photoluminescence spectroscopy, and use of the laser as a local, high-rate heating source.
authors.affiliation: Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-6203, United States; Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20740, United States.
authors.forename: Matthieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Picher
authors.affiliation: Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-6203, United States; Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20740, United States.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mazzucco
authors.affiliation: Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-6203, United States.
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Blankenship
authors.affiliation: Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-6203, United States. Electronic address: renu.sharma@nist.gov.
authors.forename: Renu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sharma
keywords: Cathodoluminescence; Environmental scanning transmission electron microscopy; Raman spectroscopy; TEM sample temperature measurement