title: Systematic understanding of corrosion behavior of plasma electrolytic oxidation treated AZ31 magnesium alloy using a mouse model of subcutaneous implant.
abstract: This study was conducted to identify the differences between corrosion rates, corrosion types, and corrosion products in different physiological environments for AZ31 magnesium alloy and plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) treated AZ31 magnesium alloy. In vitro and in vivo tests were performed in Hank's Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS) and mice for 12 weeks, respectively. The corrosion rates of both AZ31 magnesium alloy and PEO treated AZ31 magnesium alloy were calculated based on DC polarization curves, volume of hydrogen evolution, and the thickness of corrosion products formed on the surface. Micro X-ray computed tomography (Micro-CT), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to analyze morphological and chemical characterizations of corrosion products. The results show that there is more severe localized corrosion after in vitro test in HBSS; however, the thicknesses of corrosion products formed on the surface for AZ31 magnesium alloy and PEO treated AZ31 magnesium alloy in vivo were about 40% thicker than the thickness of corrosion products generated in vitro. The ratio of Ca and P (Ca/P) in the corrosion products also differed. The Ca deficient region and higher content of Al in corrosion product than AZ31 magnesium alloy were identified after in vivo test in contrast with the result of in vitro test.
authors.affiliation: Engineering Research Center for Revolutionizing Metallic Biomaterials (ERC-RMB), North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, 27411, USA.
authors.forename: Yongseok
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH 45211, USA.
authors.forename: Zongqing
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Luke Engineering, Wadsworth, OH 44282, USA.
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jurey
authors.affiliation: Engineering Research Center for Revolutionizing Metallic Biomaterials (ERC-RMB), North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, 27411, USA.
authors.forename: Boyce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.affiliation: Business and Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA.
authors.forename: Aditya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Badve
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH 45211, USA.
authors.forename: Zhongyun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Department of Bio-nano System Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Chanhee
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Bio-nano System Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Cheol Sang
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Engineering Research Center for Revolutionizing Metallic Biomaterials (ERC-RMB), North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, 27411, USA.
authors.forename: Jagannathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sankar
authors.affiliation: Engineering Research Center for Revolutionizing Metallic Biomaterials (ERC-RMB), North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, 27411, USA. Electronic address: yyun@ncat.edu.
authors.forename: Yeoheung
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yun
mesh_terms: D000497:Alloys / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D003343:Corrosion; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000737:chemistry*; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000737:chemistry; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D012867:Skin / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D000497:Alloys; D004573:Electrolytes; C586533:Mg-Al-Zn-Mn-Si-Cu alloy; D006859:Hydrogen
keywords: AZ31 magnesium alloy; Corrosion product; In vitro; In vivo; Plasma electrolytic oxidation