title: Bee pollen improves muscle protein and energy metabolism in malnourished old rats through interfering with the Mtor signaling pathway and mitochondrial activity.
abstract: Although the management of malnutrition is a priority in older people, this population shows a resistance to refeeding. Fresh bee pollen contains nutritional substances of interest for malnourished people. The aim was to evaluate the effect of fresh bee pollen supplementation on refeeding efficiency in old malnourished rats. Male 22-month-old Wistar rats were undernourished by reducing food intake for 12 weeks. The animals were then renourished for three weeks with the same diet supplemented with 0%, 5% or 10% of fresh monofloral bee pollen. Due to changes in both lean mass and fat mass, body weight decreased during malnutrition and increased after refeeding with no between-group differences (p < 0.0001). Rats refed with the fresh bee pollen-enriched diets showed a significant increase in muscle mass compared to restricted rats (p < 0.05). The malnutrition period reduced the muscle protein synthesis rate and mTOR/p70S6kinase/4eBP1 activation, and only the 10%-pollen diet was able to restore these parameters. Mitochondrial activity was depressed with food restriction and was only improved by refeeding with the fresh bee pollen-containing diets. In conclusion, refeeding diets that contain fresh monofloral bee pollen improve muscle mass and metabolism in old, undernourished rats.
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1019, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand F-63000, France. Jerome.Salles@clermont.inra.fr.
authors.forename: Jérôme
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Salles
authors.affiliation: Pollenergie, La Grabère, St Hilaire de Lusignan F-47450, France. nicolas.cardinault@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cardinault
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1019, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand F-63000, France. veronique.patrac@clermont.inra.fr.
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Patrac
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1019, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand F-63000, France. alexandre.berry@clermont.inra.fr.
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berry
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1019, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand F-63000, France. christophe.giraudet@clermont.inra.fr.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Giraudet
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1019, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand F-63000, France. marie-laure.collin@clermont.inra.fr.
authors.forename: Marie-Laure
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Collin
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1019, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand F-63000, France. audrey.chanet@clermont.inra.fr.
authors.forename: Audrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chanet
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1019, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand F-63000, France. camille.tagliaferri@clermont.inra.fr.
authors.forename: Camille
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tagliaferri
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1019, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand F-63000, France. philippe.denis@clermont.inra.fr.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Denis
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1019, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand F-63000, France. corinne.pouyet@clermont.inra.fr.
authors.forename: Corinne
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pouyet
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1019, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand F-63000, France. boirie@clermont.inra.fr.
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Boirie
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1019, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand F-63000, France. swalrand@clermont.inra.fr.
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Walrand
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D001516:Bees; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008297:Male; D008931:Mitochondria, Muscle / Q000378:metabolism*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009752:Nutritional Status; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D011058:Pollen; D011502:Protein-Energy Malnutrition / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000503:physiopathology; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D038762:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D016207:Cytokines; C499526:Eif4ebp1 protein, rat; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; C546845:mTOR protein, rat; D038762:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases