title: Short sleep duration increases the risk of chronic kidney disease in shift workers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the association of sleep duration and shift work with development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Japanese workers.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 3600 participants without CKD were observed for an average of 4.4 years. The Cox proportional-hazards regression model was used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of the risk of CKD associated with sleep duration and shift work.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sleep duration and shift work showed no significant association with the risk of CKD. Nevertheless, when the results were stratified by shift work status, short sleep duration was associated with a significantly higher risk of CKD among shift workers (hazard ratio = 3.60; 95% confidence interval: 1.52 to 10.68).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Short sleep duration was a risk factor for early CKD but only among shift workers.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Public Health Sciences (Ms Sasaki and Dr Tamakoshi), Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita-ku, Sapporo; Department of Physical Therapy (Ms Sasaki), Faculty of Human Science, Hokkaido Bunkyo University, Kogane-chuo, Eniwa; Department of Health Science (Drs Yoshioka and Saijo), Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka, Asahikawa, Hokkaido; Department of Medical Management and Informatics (Dr Kita), Hokkaido Information University, Nishi-Nopporo, Ebetsu; and Center for Environmental and Health Sciences (Dr Kishi), Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Sachiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yoshioka
authors.forename: Yasuaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Saijo
authors.forename: Toshiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kita
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tamakoshi
authors.forename: Reiko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kishi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016272:Occupational Health; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D014940:Work Schedule Tolerance / Q000502:physiology*