title: Identification and analysis of potential targets in Streptococcus sanguinis using computer aided protein data analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Streptococcus sanguinis is a Gram-positive, facultative aerobic bacterium that is a member of the viridans streptococcus group. It is found in human mouths in dental plaque, which accounts for both dental cavities and bacterial endocarditis, and which entails a mortality rate of 25%. Although a range of remedial mediators have been found to control this organism, the effectiveness of agents such as penicillin, amoxicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and erythromycin, was observed. The emphasis of this investigation was on finding substitute and efficient remedial approaches for the total destruction of this bacterium.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this computational study, various databases and online software were used to ascertain some specific targets of S. sanguinis. Particularly, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes databases were applied to determine human nonhomologous proteins, as well as the metabolic pathways involved with those proteins. Different software such as Phyre2, CastP, DoGSiteScorer, the Protein Function Predictor server, and STRING were utilized to evaluate the probable active drug binding site with its known function and protein-protein interaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study, among 218 essential proteins of this pathogenic bacterium, 81 nonhomologous proteins were accrued, and 15 proteins that are unique in several metabolic pathways of S. sanguinis were isolated through metabolic pathway analysis. Furthermore, four essentially membrane-bound unique proteins that are involved in distinct metabolic pathways were revealed by this research. Active sites and druggable pockets of these selected proteins were investigated with bioinformatic techniques. In addition, this study also mentions the activity of those proteins, as well as their interactions with the other proteins.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings helped to identify the type of protein to be considered as an efficient drug target. This study will pave the way for researchers to develop and discover more effective and specific therapeutic agents against S. sanguinis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Science and Technology Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Md Rabiul Hossain
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Chowdhury
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Md IqbalKaiser
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Bhuiyan
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Ayan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saha
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Ivan Mhai
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Mosleh
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Sobuj
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mondol
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: C M Sabbir
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Ahmed
keywords: Streptococcus sanguinis; essential proteins; therapeutic targets; unique metabolic pathways