title: Inhibitory effect of gold nanoparticles on the D-ribose glycation of bovine serum albumin.
abstract: Formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) by nonenzymatic glycation of proteins is a major contributory factor to the pathophysiology of diabetic conditions including senile dementia and atherosclerosis. This study describes the inhibitory effect of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) on the D-ribose glycation of bovine serum albumin (BSA). A combination of analytical methods including ultraviolet-visible spectrometry, high performance liquid chromatography, circular dichroism, and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry were used to determine the extent of BSA glycation in the presence of citrate reduced spherical GNPs of various sizes and concentrations. GNPs of particle diameters ranging from 2 nm to 20 nm inhibited BSA's AGE formation. The extent of inhibition correlated with the total surface area of the nanoparticles. GNPs of highest total surface area yielded the most inhibition whereas those with the lowest total surface area inhibited the formation of AGEs the least. Additionally, when GNPs' total surface areas were set the same, their antiglycation activities were similar. This inhibitory effect of GNPs on BSA's glycation by D-ribose suggests that colloidal particles may have a therapeutic application for the treatment of diabetes and conditions that promote hyperglycemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA.
authors.forename: Weixi
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA ; Department of Integrated Science and Technology, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA ; Department of Chemistry, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA.
authors.forename: Menashi A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Cohenford
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA.
authors.forename: Leslie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Frost
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, College of the North Atlantic, Labrador, NL, Canada.
authors.forename: Champika
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Seneviratne
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA.
authors.forename: Joel A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Dain
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D006031:Glycosylation / Q000187:drug effects; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D012266:Ribose / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
chemical_list: D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D012266:Ribose; D006046:Gold
keywords: AGEs; BSA; GNPs; glycation; gold nanoparticles