title: How much orientation towards the host culture is healthy? Acculturation style as risk enhancement for depressive symptoms in immigrants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  As the specific acculturative tasks and challenges involved in the migration process can lead to an increased risk for depressive symptoms, the study was designed to gain further insight into the interrelation between acculturation styles and mental health.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of n = 90 patients with different ethnic backgrounds from an outpatient consultation service for immigrants at the Hannover Medical School were investigated by the Hannover Migration and Mental Health Interview (HMMH), the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and the Frankfurt Acculturation Scale (FRAKK).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The majority of the subjects (84.4%) had a clinically significant depression. The extent of depressive symptoms was determined by the selected acculturation style (1) (F = 3.29, p = .025): Subjects with integration as acculturation style showed less depressive symptoms than subjects with assimilation as acculturation style. Furthermore, subjects with segregation as acculturation style also showed less depressive symptoms than subjects with assimilation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that even when undergoing extreme emotional distress, eventually leading to mental disorder, integration, as an acculturation style, seems to serve as a protective resource and possibly prevents further decline.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Behrens
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Melina A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: del Pozo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biostatistics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Anika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Großhennig
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany sieberer.marcel@mh-hannover.de.
authors.forename: Marcel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sieberer
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany Center for Transcultural Psychiatry & Psychotherapy, Wahrendorff Clinic, Sehnde, Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Iris T
authors.initials: IT
authors.lastname: Graef-Calliess
mesh_terms: D000069:Acculturation; D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology*; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Depressive symptoms; acculturation; acculturation style; cultural identity; immigrants