title: New diagnostic perspectives on heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: systolic function beyond ejection fraction.
abstract: Although preserved ejection fraction is found in more than 50% of patients with heart failure, its acceptance as a specific clinical entity is limited. More understanding of the physiopathology, early diagnosis and medical management is needed. With no existing systematic information in the literature, the aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the new imaging techniques for diagnosing heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, particularly in the early stages of the disease, underlying the pivotal role of new technologies such as two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography and vascular stiffness.
authors.affiliation: aClinical and Experimental Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy bAurora Cardiovascular Services, Aurora Sinai/Aurora St. Luke's Medical Centers, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
authors.forename: Maria Chiara
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Todaro
authors.forename: Bijoy K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Khandheria
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Longobardo
authors.forename: Concetta
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zito
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cusmà-Piccione
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Di Bella
authors.forename: Lilia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Oreto
authors.forename: Moemen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mohammed
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Oreto
authors.forename: Scipione
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Carerj
mesh_terms: D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology*; D014463:Ultrasonography; D059289:Vascular Stiffness / Q000502:physiology