title: Design, characterization and analysis of a 0.35 μm CMOS SPAD.
abstract: Most of the works about single-photon detectors rely on Single Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPADs) designed with dedicated technological processes in order to achieve single-photon sensitivity and excellent timing resolution. Instead, this paper focuses on the implementation of high-performance SPADs detectors manufactured in a standard 0.35-micron opto-CMOS technology provided by AMS. We propose a series of low-noise SPADs designed with a variable pitch from 20 µm down to 5 µm. This opens the further way to the integration of large arrays of optimized SPAD pixels with pitch of a few micrometers in order to provide high-resolution single-photon imagers. We experimentally demonstrate that a 20-micron SPAD appears as the most relevant detector in terms of Signal-to-Noise ratio, enabling emergence of large arrays of SPAD.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Electronique, Informatique et Image, Le2i UMR CNRS 6306, Aile de l'ingénieur-9, Avenue Alain Savary-BP 47870, Dijon Cedex 21078, France. denis.pellion@u-bourgogne.fr.
authors.forename: Khalil
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jradi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Electronique, Informatique et Image, Le2i UMR CNRS 6306, Aile de l'ingénieur-9, Avenue Alain Savary-BP 47870, Dijon Cedex 21078, France. denis.pellion@u-bourgogne.fr.
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pellion
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Electronique, Informatique et Image, Le2i UMR CNRS 6306, Aile de l'ingénieur-9, Avenue Alain Savary-BP 47870, Dijon Cedex 21078, France. dominique.ginhac@u-bourgogne.fr.
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ginhac