title: Torrefaction of cedarwood in a pilot scale rotary kiln and the influence of industrial flue gas.
abstract: Torrefaction of cedarwood was performed in a pilot-scale rotary kiln at various temperatures (200, 230, 260 and 290°C). The torrefaction properties, the influence on the grindability and hydroscopicity of the torrefied biomass were investigated in detail as well as the combustion performance. It turned out that, compared with raw biomass, the grindability and the hydrophobicity of the torrefied biomass were significantly improved, and the increasing torrefaction temperature resulted in a decrease in grinding energy consumption and an increase in the proportion of smaller-sized particles. The use of industrial flue gas had a significant influence on the behavior of cedarwood during torrefaction and the properties of the resultant solid products. To optimize the energy density and energy yield, the temperature of torrefaction using flue gas should be controlled within 260°C. Additionally, the combustion of torrefied samples was mainly the combustion of chars, with similar combustion characteristics to lignite.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, PR China.
authors.forename: Yanyang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mei
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, PR China.
authors.forename: Rujie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of New Energy Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, PR China. Electronic address: qyang@hust.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, PR China. Electronic address: yhping2002@163.com.
authors.forename: Haiping
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, PR China.
authors.forename: Jingai
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3AN, UK.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Draper
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, PR China.
authors.forename: Shihong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, PR China.
authors.forename: Hanping
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D018533:Biomass; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D004055:Differential Thermal Analysis; D004560:Electricity; D005740:Gases / Q000737:chemistry*; D006813:Humidity; D007221:Industry; D018653:Juniperus / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D010865:Pilot Projects; D013816:Thermodynamics; D014934:Wood / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005740:Gases
keywords: Atmosphere; Combustion; Pilot scale; Rotary kiln; Torrefaction