title: Biocompatibility and in vivo osteogenic capability of novel bone tissue engineering scaffold A-W-MGC/CS.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study aims to investigate the biocompatibility and in vivo osteogenic capability of the novel bone tissue engineering scaffold apatite-wollastonite-magnetic glass ceramic/chitosan (A-W-MGC/CS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Rabbit bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) were transfected with adenovirus-human bone morphogenetic protein-2-green fluorescent protein (Ad-hBMP2-GFP). The transfected BMSCs were then inoculated onto the scaffold material A-W-MGC/CS to construct tissue-engineered bone. The attachment and proliferation of BMSCs were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) detection, respectively. Rabbit models of bone defects were established and divided into three groups. Experimental group 1 was implanted with prepared tissue-engineered bone. Experimental group 2 was implanted with A-W-MGC/CS without transfected BMSCs. The blank group was injected with transfected BMSCs, without implantation of any scaffold. In the 12th week after surgery, the repair of bone defect was observed by X-ray examination, and histological observations of the area of bone defect were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A-W-MGC/CS resulted in good BMSC attachment and had no obvious effects on cell proliferation. In experimental group 1, good repair of bone defect was observed, and the scaffold material degraded completely. In experimental group 2, new bone was formed, but its quality was poor. In the blank group, there was mainly filling of fibrous connective tissues with no observable bone defect repair.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A-W-MGC/CS possesses good biocompatibility and in vivo osteogenic capability for bone defect repair.
authors.affiliation: Biobank, the First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, China. chenliabccn@163.com.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000, China. wangguoxian12@163.com.
authors.forename: Guo-Xian
authors.initials: GX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, No. 2 Wuduan Renmin Street Guta District, Jinzhou, 121001, China. zhang_zheng@126.com.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, No. 2 Wuduan Renmin Street Guta District, Jinzhou, 121001, China. danpingliucn@163.com.
authors.forename: Dan-Ping
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001031:Apatites / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001846:Bone Development; D002516:Ceramics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010012:Osteogenesis; D011817:Rabbits; D012824:Silicic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
chemical_list: D001031:Apatites; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; C077777:apatite-wollastonite-containing glass ceramic; D012824:Silicic Acid