title: Understanding the mechanism of ultrasound on the synthesis of cellulose/Cu(OH)2/CuO hybrids.
abstract: Understanding the mechanism of ultrasound from metal hydroxide to oxides via an ultrasound irradiation method is of great importance for broadening and improving their synthesis and industrial applications. The purpose of this article was to explore the mechanism of ultrasound on the synthesis of cellulose/Cu(OH)2/CuO hybrids. The influences of various reaction parameters including the volume of H2O2, heating method, pulse mode of ultrasound irradiation, sonication time, and power density on the cellulose/Cu(OH)2/CuO hybrids were investigated in detail by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectra (EDS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and derivative thermogravimetry (DTG). The experimental results indicated that all the parameters have effects on the cellulose/Cu(OH)2/CuO hybrids, power density had an effect on the phase transformation of Cu(OH)2 to CuO, and the addition of H2O2 played an important role in the shape of cellulose hybrids, which provided an indirect evidence on the H2O2-induced oxidation route for the transformation process from Cu(OH)2 to CuO during the ultrasound irradiation process. These results maybe direct the synthesis and potential applications of cellulose hybrids in the near future.
authors.affiliation: Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
authors.forename: Yan-Yan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bian
authors.affiliation: Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China. Electronic address: mg_ma@bjfu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Ming-Guo
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: College of Water Conservancy & Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, PR China.
authors.forename: Jun-Feng
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Li
keywords: Cellulose; Cu(OH)(2); CuO; Hybrids; Mechanism; Ultrasound