title: Effect of single dose pretreatment analgesia with three different analgesics on postoperative endodontic pain: A randomized clinical trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  One of the aims of root canal treatment is to prevent or eliminate pain. Postoperative endodontic pain control continues to be a significant challenge.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare and evaluate the effect of single oral dose of 100 mg of tapentadol, 400 mg of etodolac, or 10 mg of ketorolac as a pretreatment analgesic for the prevention and control of postoperative endodontic pain in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. The incidence of side effects was recorded as secondary outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty emergency patients with moderate to severe pain, diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis were randomly allocated (1:1:1) to any of the three groups; tapentadol, etodolac, or ketorolac. Medications were administered 30 min before beginning of the endodontic treatment. Patients recorded pain intensity on 10 cm visual analog scale (VAS) after treatment, for upto 24 h.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 24 h, mean ±standard deviation (SD) of VAS scores (in cm) for tapentadol, etodolac, and ketorolac were 0.89 ± 0.83, 2.68 ± 2.29, and 0.42 ± 0.69, respectively. Kruskal-Wallis (K-W) test showed significant difference among the three groups (P = 0.001). Mann-Whitney test showed significantly lower VAS scores in tapentadol and ketorolac than etodolac group (P = 0.013 and 0.001, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Single oral dose of 10 mg of ketorolac and 100mg of tapentadol as a pretreatment analgesic significantly reduced postoperative endodontic pain in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis when compared to 400 mg of etodolac.
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Peoples College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Priyank
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sethi
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Peoples College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Manish
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Peoples College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Hemant Ramesh
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Chourasia
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Peoples College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Mahesh Pratap
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Singh
keywords: Analgesia; etodolac; ketorolac; postoperative endodontic pain; pretreatment analgesia; tapentadol