title: Osteoglycin prevents cardiac dilatation and dysfunction after myocardial infarction through infarct collagen strengthening.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To maintain cardiac mechanical and structural integrity after an ischemic insult, profound alterations occur within the extracellular matrix. Osteoglycin is a small leucine-rich proteoglycan previously described as a marker of cardiac hypertrophy.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To establish whether osteoglycin may play a role in cardiac integrity and function after myocardial infarction (MI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Osteoglycin expression is associated with collagen deposition and scar formation in mouse and human MI. Absence of osteoglycin in mice resulted in significantly increased rupture-related mortality with tissue disruption, intramyocardial bleeding, and increased cardiac dysfunction, despite equal infarct sizes. Surviving osteoglycin null mice had greater infarct expansion in comparison with wild-type mice because of impaired collagen fibrillogenesis and maturation in the infarcts as revealed by electron microscopy and collagen polarization. Absence of osteoglycin did not affect cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in the remodeling remote myocardium. In cultured fibroblasts, osteoglycin knockdown or supplementation did not alter transforming growth factor-β signaling. Adenoviral overexpression of osteoglycin in wild-type mice significantly improved collagen quality, thereby blunting cardiac dilatation and dysfunction after MI. In osteoglycin null mice, adenoviral overexpression of osteoglycin was unable to prevent rupture-related mortality because of insufficiently restoring osteoglycin protein levels in the heart. Finally, circulating osteoglycin levels in patients with heart failure were significantly increased in the patients with a previous history of MI compared with those with nonischemic heart failure and correlated with survival, left ventricular volumes, and other markers of fibrosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased osteoglycin expression in the infarct scar promotes proper collagen maturation and protects against cardiac disruption and adverse remodeling after MI. In human heart failure, osteoglycin is a promising biomarker for ischemic heart failure.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (L.N.L.V.A., P.C., A.-P.P., S.H.); Department of Cardiology (L.N.L.V.A., M.S.) and Department of Pathology (E.V.), University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cardiology, Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim, Germany (S.V., H.N., C.T., H.M.); Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands (P.C., R.V.L., S.S.-v.W., L.E., H.-P.B.-L.R., A.-P.P., S.H.); Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.V.); Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (F.K.V.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics, London, United Kingdom (S.A.C.); National Heart Centre Singapore, Department of Cardiology, Singapore (S.A.C.); Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore (S.A.C.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland (H.-P.B.-L.R.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands (S.H.).
authors.forename: Lucas N L
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Van Aelst
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (L.N.L.V.A., P.C., A.-P.P., S.H.); Department of Cardiology (L.N.L.V.A., M.S.) and Department of Pathology (E.V.), University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cardiology, Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim, Germany (S.V., H.N., C.T., H.M.); Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands (P.C., R.V.L., S.S.-v.W., L.E., H.-P.B.-L.R., A.-P.P., S.H.); Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.V.); Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (F.K.V.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics, London, United Kingdom (S.A.C.); National Heart Centre Singapore, Department of Cardiology, Singapore (S.A.C.); Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore (S.A.C.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland (H.-P.B.-L.R.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands (S.H.).
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Voss
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (L.N.L.V.A., P.C., A.-P.P., S.H.); Department of Cardiology (L.N.L.V.A., M.S.) and Department of Pathology (E.V.), University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cardiology, Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim, Germany (S.V., H.N., C.T., H.M.); Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands (P.C., R.V.L., S.S.-v.W., L.E., H.-P.B.-L.R., A.-P.P., S.H.); Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.V.); Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (F.K.V.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics, London, United Kingdom (S.A.C.); National Heart Centre Singapore, Department of Cardiology, Singapore (S.A.C.); Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore (S.A.C.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland (H.-P.B.-L.R.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands (S.H.).
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Carai
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (L.N.L.V.A., P.C., A.-P.P., S.H.); Department of Cardiology (L.N.L.V.A., M.S.) and Department of Pathology (E.V.), University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cardiology, Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim, Germany (S.V., H.N., C.T., H.M.); Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands (P.C., R.V.L., S.S.-v.W., L.E., H.-P.B.-L.R., A.-P.P., S.H.); Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.V.); Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (F.K.V.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics, London, United Kingdom (S.A.C.); National Heart Centre Singapore, Department of Cardiology, Singapore (S.A.C.); Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore (S.A.C.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland (H.-P.B.-L.R.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands (S.H.).
authors.forename: Rick
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Van Leeuwen
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (L.N.L.V.A., P.C., A.-P.P., S.H.); Department of Cardiology (L.N.L.V.A., M.S.) and Department of Pathology (E.V.), University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cardiology, Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim, Germany (S.V., H.N., C.T., H.M.); Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands (P.C., R.V.L., S.S.-v.W., L.E., H.-P.B.-L.R., A.-P.P., S.H.); Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.V.); Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (F.K.V.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics, London, United Kingdom (S.A.C.); National Heart Centre Singapore, Department of Cardiology, Singapore (S.A.C.); Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore (S.A.C.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland (H.-P.B.-L.R.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands (S.H.).
authors.forename: Davy
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vanhoutte
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (L.N.L.V.A., P.C., A.-P.P., S.H.); Department of Cardiology (L.N.L.V.A., M.S.) and Department of Pathology (E.V.), University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cardiology, Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim, Germany (S.V., H.N., C.T., H.M.); Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands (P.C., R.V.L., S.S.-v.W., L.E., H.-P.B.-L.R., A.-P.P., S.H.); Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.V.); Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (F.K.V.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics, London, United Kingdom (S.A.C.); National Heart Centre Singapore, Department of Cardiology, Singapore (S.A.C.); Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore (S.A.C.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland (H.-P.B.-L.R.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands (S.H.).
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sanders-van Wijk
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (L.N.L.V.A., P.C., A.-P.P., S.H.); Department of Cardiology (L.N.L.V.A., M.S.) and Department of Pathology (E.V.), University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cardiology, Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim, Germany (S.V., H.N., C.T., H.M.); Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands (P.C., R.V.L., S.S.-v.W., L.E., H.-P.B.-L.R., A.-P.P., S.H.); Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.V.); Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (F.K.V.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics, London, United Kingdom (S.A.C.); National Heart Centre Singapore, Department of Cardiology, Singapore (S.A.C.); Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore (S.A.C.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland (H.-P.B.-L.R.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands (S.H.).
authors.forename: Luc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Eurlings
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (L.N.L.V.A., P.C., A.-P.P., S.H.); Department of Cardiology (L.N.L.V.A., M.S.) and Department of Pathology (E.V.), University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cardiology, Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim, Germany (S.V., H.N., C.T., H.M.); Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands (P.C., R.V.L., S.S.-v.W., L.E., H.-P.B.-L.R., A.-P.P., S.H.); Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.V.); Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (F.K.V.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics, London, United Kingdom (S.A.C.); National Heart Centre Singapore, Department of Cardiology, Singapore (S.A.C.); Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore (S.A.C.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland (H.-P.B.-L.R.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands (S.H.).
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Swinnen
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (L.N.L.V.A., P.C., A.-P.P., S.H.); Department of Cardiology (L.N.L.V.A., M.S.) and Department of Pathology (E.V.), University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cardiology, Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim, Germany (S.V., H.N., C.T., H.M.); Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands (P.C., R.V.L., S.S.-v.W., L.E., H.-P.B.-L.R., A.-P.P., S.H.); Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.V.); Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (F.K.V.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics, London, United Kingdom (S.A.C.); National Heart Centre Singapore, Department of Cardiology, Singapore (S.A.C.); Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore (S.A.C.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland (H.-P.B.-L.R.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands (S.H.).
authors.forename: Fons K
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: Verheyen
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (L.N.L.V.A., P.C., A.-P.P., S.H.); Department of Cardiology (L.N.L.V.A., M.S.) and Department of Pathology (E.V.), University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cardiology, Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim, Germany (S.V., H.N., C.T., H.M.); Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands (P.C., R.V.L., S.S.-v.W., L.E., H.-P.B.-L.R., A.-P.P., S.H.); Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.V.); Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (F.K.V.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics, London, United Kingdom (S.A.C.); National Heart Centre Singapore, Department of Cardiology, Singapore (S.A.C.); Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore (S.A.C.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland (H.-P.B.-L.R.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands (S.H.).
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Verbeken
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (L.N.L.V.A., P.C., A.-P.P., S.H.); Department of Cardiology (L.N.L.V.A., M.S.) and Department of Pathology (E.V.), University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cardiology, Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim, Germany (S.V., H.N., C.T., H.M.); Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands (P.C., R.V.L., S.S.-v.W., L.E., H.-P.B.-L.R., A.-P.P., S.H.); Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.V.); Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (F.K.V.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics, London, United Kingdom (S.A.C.); National Heart Centre Singapore, Department of Cardiology, Singapore (S.A.C.); Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore (S.A.C.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland (H.-P.B.-L.R.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands (S.H.).
authors.forename: Holger
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nef
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (L.N.L.V.A., P.C., A.-P.P., S.H.); Department of Cardiology (L.N.L.V.A., M.S.) and Department of Pathology (E.V.), University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cardiology, Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim, Germany (S.V., H.N., C.T., H.M.); Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands (P.C., R.V.L., S.S.-v.W., L.E., H.-P.B.-L.R., A.-P.P., S.H.); Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.V.); Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (F.K.V.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics, London, United Kingdom (S.A.C.); National Heart Centre Singapore, Department of Cardiology, Singapore (S.A.C.); Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore (S.A.C.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland (H.-P.B.-L.R.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands (S.H.).
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Troidl
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (L.N.L.V.A., P.C., A.-P.P., S.H.); Department of Cardiology (L.N.L.V.A., M.S.) and Department of Pathology (E.V.), University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cardiology, Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim, Germany (S.V., H.N., C.T., H.M.); Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands (P.C., R.V.L., S.S.-v.W., L.E., H.-P.B.-L.R., A.-P.P., S.H.); Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.V.); Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (F.K.V.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics, London, United Kingdom (S.A.C.); National Heart Centre Singapore, Department of Cardiology, Singapore (S.A.C.); Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore (S.A.C.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland (H.-P.B.-L.R.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands (S.H.).
authors.forename: Stuart A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (L.N.L.V.A., P.C., A.-P.P., S.H.); Department of Cardiology (L.N.L.V.A., M.S.) and Department of Pathology (E.V.), University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cardiology, Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim, Germany (S.V., H.N., C.T., H.M.); Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands (P.C., R.V.L., S.S.-v.W., L.E., H.-P.B.-L.R., A.-P.P., S.H.); Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.V.); Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (F.K.V.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics, London, United Kingdom (S.A.C.); National Heart Centre Singapore, Department of Cardiology, Singapore (S.A.C.); Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore (S.A.C.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland (H.-P.B.-L.R.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands (S.H.).
authors.forename: Hans-Peter
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Brunner-La Rocca
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (L.N.L.V.A., P.C., A.-P.P., S.H.); Department of Cardiology (L.N.L.V.A., M.S.) and Department of Pathology (E.V.), University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cardiology, Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim, Germany (S.V., H.N., C.T., H.M.); Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands (P.C., R.V.L., S.S.-v.W., L.E., H.-P.B.-L.R., A.-P.P., S.H.); Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.V.); Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (F.K.V.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics, London, United Kingdom (S.A.C.); National Heart Centre Singapore, Department of Cardiology, Singapore (S.A.C.); Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore (S.A.C.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland (H.-P.B.-L.R.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands (S.H.).
authors.forename: Helge
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Möllmann
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (L.N.L.V.A., P.C., A.-P.P., S.H.); Department of Cardiology (L.N.L.V.A., M.S.) and Department of Pathology (E.V.), University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cardiology, Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim, Germany (S.V., H.N., C.T., H.M.); Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands (P.C., R.V.L., S.S.-v.W., L.E., H.-P.B.-L.R., A.-P.P., S.H.); Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.V.); Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (F.K.V.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics, London, United Kingdom (S.A.C.); National Heart Centre Singapore, Department of Cardiology, Singapore (S.A.C.); Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore (S.A.C.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland (H.-P.B.-L.R.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands (S.H.).
authors.forename: Anna-Pia
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Papageorgiou
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (L.N.L.V.A., P.C., A.-P.P., S.H.); Department of Cardiology (L.N.L.V.A., M.S.) and Department of Pathology (E.V.), University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cardiology, Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim, Germany (S.V., H.N., C.T., H.M.); Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands (P.C., R.V.L., S.S.-v.W., L.E., H.-P.B.-L.R., A.-P.P., S.H.); Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.V.); Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (F.K.V.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics, London, United Kingdom (S.A.C.); National Heart Centre Singapore, Department of Cardiology, Singapore (S.A.C.); Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore (S.A.C.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland (H.-P.B.-L.R.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands (S.H.). s.heymans@maastrichtuniversity.nl.
authors.forename: Stephane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Heymans
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000378:metabolism; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008233:Lymphotoxin-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling
chemical_list: D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008233:Lymphotoxin-alpha; C063488:OGN protein, human; C512906:Ogn protein, mouse; D003094:Collagen
keywords: cardiac remodeling, ventricular; fibrosis; heart failure; heart rupture; myocardial infarction