title: Repertoire of virus-derived small RNAs produced by mosquito and mammalian cells in response to dengue virus infection.
abstract: RNA interference (RNAi) is the major defense of many arthropods against arthropod-borne RNA viruses (arboviruses), but the role of RNAi in vertebrate immunity to arboviruses is not clear. RNA viruses can trigger RNAi in vertebrate cells, but the vertebrate interferon response may obscure this interaction. We quantified virus-derived small RNAs (vRNAs) generated by mosquito (U4.4) cells and interferon-deficient (Vero) and interferon-competent (HuH-7) mammalian cells infected with a single isolate of mosquito-borne dengue virus. Mosquito cells produced significantly more vRNAs than mammalian cells, and mosquito cell vRNAs were derived from both the positive- and negative-sense dengue genomes whereas mammalian cell vRNAs were derived primarily from positive-sense genome. Mosquito cell vRNAs were predominantly 21 nucleotides in length whereas mammalian cell vRNAs were between 12 and 36 nucleotides with a modest peak at 24 nucleotides. Hot-spots, regions of the virus genome that generated a disproportionate number of vRNAs, overlapped among the cell lines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA. Electronic address: eesem@vet.k-state.edu.
authors.forename: Erin E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Schirtzinger
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA. Electronic address: andradec@willamette.edu.
authors.forename: Christy C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.affiliation: National Center for Genome Resources (NCGR), Santa Fe, NM, USA. Electronic address: npd@ncgr.org.
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Devitt
authors.affiliation: National Center for Genome Resources (NCGR), Santa Fe, NM, USA. Electronic address: tr@ncgr.org.
authors.forename: Thiruvarangan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ramaraj
authors.affiliation: National Center for Genome Resources (NCGR), Santa Fe, NM, USA. Electronic address: jlj@ncgr.org.
authors.forename: Jennifer L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Jacobi
authors.affiliation: National Center for Genome Resources (NCGR), Santa Fe, NM, USA. Electronic address: fds@ncgr.org.
authors.forename: Faye
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schilkey
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA. Electronic address: khanley@nmsu.edu.
authors.forename: Kathryn A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Hanley
mesh_terms: D000330:Aedes / Q000821:virology*; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D003715:Dengue / Q000821:virology*; D003716:Dengue Virus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D034622:RNA Interference; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D012367:RNA, Viral
keywords: Dengue; Flavivirus; HuH-7; Next-generation sequencing; RNA interference; U4.4; Vero; Virus; siRNA; viRNA