title: Amniotic band syndrome: a single-institutional experience.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Amniotic band syndrome (ABS) is uncommon. We review our single-institutional experience to define its natural history and outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a retrospective analysis from a single, tertiary referral center of patients evaluated for and confirmed to have ABS from 1997 to 2012.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-eight patients had confirmed ABS. The mean ± SD maternal age was 27.9 ± 5.9 years, and the mean gestational age at diagnosis was 20.7 ± 3.8 months. Oligohydramnios was reported in 4 patients. Eleven patients had membrane disruption, of whom 4 had undergone a prior percutaneous intervention. Extremities were the most common site affected (n = 20), followed by the umbilical cord (n = 7), abdomen (n = 5), limb-body wall complex (n = 5), head (n = 1), and chest (n = 1). Nine patients were felt to be candidates for fetal intervention; 5 underwent fetoscopic amniotic band lysis with 4 survivors. Overall survival, excluding 3 terminations, was 74%. There were 5 fetal demises and one neonatal death. Cord involvement was higher in nonsurvivors (67%) compared to survivors (19%, p = 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ABS most commonly involves the extremities. Membrane disruption is not always present. Fetoscopic lysis is appropriate for select patients, and special consideration should be given for cord involvement, which is associated with a worse outcome.
authors.affiliation: Children's Mercy Hospital Fetal Health Center, Kansas City, Mo., USA.
authors.forename: Corey W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Iqbal
authors.forename: S Christopher
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Derderian
authors.forename: Yvonne
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Hanmin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Shinjiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hirose
mesh_terms: D000028:Abortion, Induced; D000328:Adult; D000652:Amniotic Band Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D005313:Fetal Death; D005332:Fetoscopy; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D066087:Perinatal Death; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult