title: The interrelation between aPKC and glucose uptake in the skeletal muscle during contraction and insulin stimulation.
abstract: Contraction and insulin increase glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. While the insulin pathway, better characterized, requires activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and atypical protein kinase (aPKC), muscle contraction seems to share insulin-activated components to increase glucose uptake. This study aimed to investigate the interrelation between the pathway involved in glucose uptake evoked by insulin and muscle contraction. Isolated muscle of rats was treated with solvent (control), insulin, wortmannin (PI3K inhibitor) and the combination of insulin plus wortmannin. After treatment, muscles were electrically stimulated (contracted) or remained at rest. Glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) localization, glucose uptake and phospho-aPKC (aPKC activated form) were assessed. Muscle contraction and insulin increased glucose uptake in all conditions when compared with controls not stimulating an effect that was accompanied by an increase in GLUT4 and of phospho-aPKC at the muscle membrane. Contracted muscles treated with insulin did not show additive effects on glucose uptake or aPKC activity compared with the response when these stimuli were applied alone. Inhibition of PI3K blocked insulin effect on glucose uptake and aPKC but not in the contractile response. Thus, muscle contraction seems to stimulate aPKC and glucose uptake independently of PI3K. Therefore, aPKC may be a convergence point and a rate limit step in the pathway by which, insulin and contraction, increase glucose uptake in skeletal muscle.
authors.affiliation: CIAFEL, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Federal University of Goiás, Jataí, Brazil; Detroit R&D Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Benite-Ribeiro
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Queiroz
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Duarte
mesh_terms: D000730:Androstadienes / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4 / Q000378:metabolism; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways / Q000187:drug effects; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism*; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000077191:Wortmannin
chemical_list: D000730:Androstadienes; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4; D007328:Insulin; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; C495694:Slc2a4 protein, rat; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D005947:Glucose; D000077191:Wortmannin
keywords: PI3 kinase; aPKC; diabetes; glucose uptake; insulin; muscle contraction; skeletal muscle