title: Developmental defects of enamel in phenylketonuria patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of developmental defects of enamel in patients diagnosed with phenylketonuria (PKU).
  
  
  METHODS
  The study group consisted of 24 four- to 24-year-old subjects with PKU. The control group consisted of 24 healthy individuals. An examination for the detection of developmental defects of enamel was conducted at the university pediatric dentistry clinic by a single examiner. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test (P<.05) and odds ratios.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of developmental defects of enamel was 36 percent in the study group and 15 percent in the control group. The maxillary central incisors were the most affected teeth in patients with PKU, while the maxillary and mandibular first molars were the most affected teeth in the control group. Patients with PKU had a 3.3-fold greater chance of exhibiting developmental defects of enamel versus the healthy controls, which was statistically significant (P<.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study findings suggest that PKU increases the risk of developmental defects of enamel.
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: de Marco Salvadori
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rosana Marques
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. caroline.raichert@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Raichert
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernanda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: de Morais Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.
authors.forename: José Vitor Nogara Borges
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: de Menezes
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000002:abnormalities*; D003744:Dental Enamel Hypoplasia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010661:Phenylketonurias / Q000150:complications*; D015995:Prevalence; D055815:Young Adult