title: Eicosapentaenoic acid modulates fatty acid metabolism and inflammation in Psammomys obesus.
abstract: The desert gerbil, Psammomys obesus, is a unique polygenic animal model of metabolic syndrome (insulin resistance, obesity and type 2 diabetes), and these pathological conditions resemble to those in human beings. In this study, the animals were fed ad libitum either a natural diet (ND) which contained desertic halophile plants or a standard laboratory diet (STD) or a diet which contained eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), hence, termed as EPA diet (EPAD). In EPAD, 50% of total lipid content was replaced by EPA oil. By employing real-time PCR, we assessed liver expression of key genes involved in fatty acid metabolism such as PPAR-α, SREBP-1c, LXR-α and CHREBP. We also studied the expression of two inflammatory genes, i.e., TNF-α and IL-1β, in liver and adipose tissue of these animals. The STD, considered to be a high caloric diet for this animal, triggered insulin resistance and high lipid levels, along with high hepatic SREBP-1c, LXR-α and CHREBP mRNA expression. TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA were also high in liver of STD fed animals. Feeding EPAD improved plasma glucose, insulin and triacylglycerol levels along with hepatic lipid composition. These observations suggest that EPA exerts beneficial effects in P. obesus.
authors.affiliation: Physiologie de la Nutrition & Toxicologie, UMR U866 INSERM/Université de Bourgogne/Agro-Sup, Dijon 21000, France; Bioenergetics and Intermediary Metabolism Laboratory, Biological Sciences and Physiology Department, FSB, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumédiene (USTHB), Algiers, Algeria.
authors.forename: Feriel
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Atek-Mebarki
authors.affiliation: Physiologie de la Nutrition & Toxicologie, UMR U866 INSERM/Université de Bourgogne/Agro-Sup, Dijon 21000, France.
authors.forename: Aziz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hichami
authors.affiliation: Physiologie de la Nutrition & Toxicologie, UMR U866 INSERM/Université de Bourgogne/Agro-Sup, Dijon 21000, France.
authors.forename: Souleymane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abdoul-Azize
authors.affiliation: Bioenergetics and Intermediary Metabolism Laboratory, Biological Sciences and Physiology Department, FSB, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumédiene (USTHB), Algiers, Algeria.
authors.forename: Arezki
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bitam
authors.affiliation: Bioenergetics and Intermediary Metabolism Laboratory, Biological Sciences and Physiology Department, FSB, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumédiene (USTHB), Algiers, Algeria.
authors.forename: Elhadj Ahmed
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Koceïr
authors.affiliation: Physiologie de la Nutrition & Toxicologie, UMR U866 INSERM/Université de Bourgogne/Agro-Sup, Dijon 21000, France. Electronic address: Naim.Khan@u-bourgogne.fr.
authors.forename: Naim Akhtar
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Khan
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D005849:Gerbillinae; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D000071518:Liver X Receptors; D008297:Male; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors / Q000235:genetics; D047493:PPAR alpha / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 / Q000235:genetics; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D005227:Fatty Acids; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D007328:Insulin; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D000071518:Liver X Receptors; C000605213:NR1H3 protein, human; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors; D047493:PPAR alpha; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1; D014280:Triglycerides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid
keywords: Adipose tissue; Inflammation; Lipid; Liver; Obesity; Psammomys obesus