title: Multi-residues determination of antimicrobials in fish tissues by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS method.
abstract: A rapid, simple, sensitive and specific LC-MS/MS method was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of four antimicrobials commonly used in aquaculture, namely ciprofloxacin (CPX), trimethoprim (TMP), sulphadimethoxine (SDM) and florphenicol (FLOR) in fish tissues. The LC-MS/MS was operated under the multiple-reaction monitoring mode using electrospray ionization. Sample preparation involves simple liquid extraction step followed by post-extraction clean-up step with n-hexane. The purified extracts were chromatographed on Agilent Poroshell 120 EC, C18 (50 mm × 3 mm, 2.7 μm) column by pumping an isocratic mobile phase consisting of 0.1% formic acid in water:0.1% formic acid in methanol (20:80, by volume) at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. A detailed validation of the method was performed as per FDA guidelines and the standard curves were found to be linear in the range of 1-100 ng/g for both CPX and TMP, 0.5-100 ng/g for SDM and 1-50 ng/g for FLOR. The intra-day and inter-day precision and accuracy of the results were within the acceptable limits. A run time of 1.5 min for each sample made it possible to analyze multiple fish tissue samples per day. The developed assay method was successfully applied for the detection of antimicrobials in real fish tissue samples obtained from different fish farms.
authors.affiliation: Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., 11562 Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mamdouh R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Rezk
authors.affiliation: Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., 11562 Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Safa'a M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Riad
authors.affiliation: Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., 11562 Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Fatma I
authors.initials: FI
authors.lastname: Khattab
authors.affiliation: Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., 11562 Cairo, Egypt. Electronic address: h.marzouk@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Hoda M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Marzouk
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000032:analysis*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D004350:Drug Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D005399:Fishes; D016014:Linear Models; D009132:Muscles / Q000737:chemistry; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents
keywords: Antimicrobials; Aquaculture; Fish tissues; LC–MS/MS; Sample extraction