title: Parasitic nematode-induced CD4+Foxp3+T cells can ameliorate allergic airway inflammation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The recruitment of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+T (Treg) cells is one of the most important mechanisms by which parasites down-regulate the immune system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We compared the effects of Treg cells from Trichinella spiralis-infected mice and uninfected mice on experimental allergic airway inflammation in order to understand the functions of parasite-induced Treg cells. After four weeks of T. spiralis infection, we isolated Foxp3-GFP-expressing cells from transgenic mice using a cell sorter. We injected CD4+Foxp3+ cells from T. spiralis-infected [Inf(+)Foxp3+] or uninfected [Inf(-)Foxp3+] mice into the tail veins of C57BL/6 mice before the induction of inflammation or during inflammation. Inflammation was induced by ovalbumin (OVA)-alum sensitization and OVA challenge. The concentrations of the Th2-related cytokines IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 in the bronchial alveolar lavage fluid and the levels of OVA-specific IgE and IgG1 in the serum were lower in mice that received intravenous application of Inf(+)Foxp3+ cells [IV(inf):+(+) group] than in control mice. Some features of allergic airway inflammation were ameliorated by the intravenous application of Inf(-)Foxp3+ cells [IV(inf):+(-) group], but the effects were less distinct than those observed in the IV(inf):+(+) group. We found that Inf(+)Foxp3+ cells migrated to inflammation sites in the lung and expressed higher levels of Treg-cell homing receptors (CCR5 and CCR9) and activation markers (Klrg1, Capg, GARP, Gzmb, OX40) than did Inf(-)Foxp3+ cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  T. spiralis infection promotes the proliferation and functional activation of Treg cells. Parasite-induced Treg cells migrate to the inflammation site and suppress immune responses more effectively than non-parasite-induced Treg cells. The adoptive transfer of Inf(+)Foxp3+ cells is an effective method for the treatment and prevention of allergic airway diseases in mice and is a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of allergic airway diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea; Immunoregulatory therapeutics group in Brain Busan 21 project, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Shin Ae
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea; Immunoregulatory therapeutics group in Brain Busan 21 project, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Mi-Kyung
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Min Kyoung
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea; Immunoregulatory therapeutics group in Brain Busan 21 project, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Kyun
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Academy of Immunology and Microbiology (AIM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Min Seong
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Academy of Immunology and Microbiology (AIM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Bo-Gie
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Academy of Immunology and Microbiology (AIM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Myoung Ho
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Hee
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea; Immunoregulatory therapeutics group in Brain Busan 21 project, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hak Sun
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D019264:Adoptive Transfer; D000534:Alum Compounds; D000818:Animals; D001249:Asthma / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005260:Female; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000032:analysis; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000276:immunology; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology*; D017160:Trichinella spiralis; D014235:Trichinellosis / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000534:Alum Compounds; D016207:Cytokines; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; C498833:Foxp3 protein, mouse; C446402:ovalbumin-alum; D010047:Ovalbumin