title: Solubilization and stabilization of macular carotenoids by water soluble oligosaccharides and polysaccharides.
abstract: Xanthophyll carotenoids zeaxanthin and lutein play a special role in the prevention and treatment of visual diseases. These carotenoids are not produced by the human body and must be consumed in the diet. On the other hand, extremely low water solubility of these carotenoids and their instability restrict their practical application as components of food or medicinal formulations. Preparation of supramolecular complexes of zeaxanthin and lutein with glycyrrhizic acid, its disodium salt and the natural polysaccharide arabinogalactan allows one to minimize the aforementioned disadvantages when carotenoids are used in food processing as well as for production of therapeutic formulations with enhanced solubility and stability. In the present study, the formation of supramolecular complexes was investigated by NMR relaxation, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and optical absorption techniques. The complexes increase carotenoid solubility more than 1000-fold. The kinetics of carotenoid decay in reactions with ozone molecules, hydroperoxyl radicals and metal ions were measured in water and organic solutions, and significant increases in oxidation stability of lutein and zeaxanthin in arabinogalactan and glycyrrhizin complexes were detected.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia.
authors.forename: Irina E
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: Apanasenko
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia.
authors.forename: Olga Yu
authors.initials: OY
authors.lastname: Selyutina
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Novosibirsk, Russia. Electronic address: polyakov@kinetics.nsc.ru.
authors.forename: Nikolay E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Polyakov
authors.affiliation: Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry, Novosibirsk, Russia.
authors.forename: Lyubov P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Suntsova
authors.affiliation: Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry, Novosibirsk, Russia.
authors.forename: Elizaveta S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Meteleva
authors.affiliation: Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry, Novosibirsk, Russia.
authors.forename: Alexander V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Dushkin
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Moran Eye Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
authors.forename: Preejith
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vachali
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Moran Eye Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
authors.forename: Paul S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Bernstein
mesh_terms: D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D004355:Drug Stability; D005685:Galactans / Q000737:chemistry*; D019695:Glycyrrhizic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D014975:Lutein / Q000737:chemistry*; D008266:Macula Lutea / Q000737:chemistry*; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000737:chemistry*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D012995:Solubility; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D065146:Zeaxanthins / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005685:Galactans; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D065146:Zeaxanthins; D014867:Water; D019695:Glycyrrhizic Acid; C005653:arabinogalactan; D014975:Lutein
keywords: Arabinogalactan; Carotenoid oxidation; Glycyrrhizic acid; Lutein; NMR relaxation; Oxygen radicals; Ozone; Surface plasmon resonance; Water-soluble complexes; Zeaxanthin