title: A microsurgical bifurcation rabbit model to investigate the effect of high-intensity focused ultrasound on aneurysms: a technical note.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent clinical studies confirmed the high potential of MR-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) in the field of functional neurosurgery. While its ability for precise thermo-ablation within soft tissue is widely recognized, the impact of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) on larger vessels is less explored. We used a bifurcation aneurysm model in rabbits to investigate the possible effects on the walls of vascular aneurysms and to assess the risk and prospect of this procedure for managing neurovascular disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental bifurcation aneurysms were microsurgically created in New Zealand white rabbits and sonicated using MRgFUS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A temperature of max. 54°C could be achieved close to the aneurysm, and the shape and size of the aneurysm were noticeably changed, as shown by MR angiography.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presented rabbit model proved suitable and capable of being extended to acquire data on the effect of HIFU on aneurysms and larger vessels. The fact that HIFU led to an alteration of the aneurysm without inducing rupture encourages further investigations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Kantonsspital Aarau, Tellstrasse, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland ; Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University of Bern and Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Coluccia
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Kantonsspital Aarau, Tellstrasse, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland ; Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University of Bern and Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fandino
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Kantonsspital Aarau, Tellstrasse, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland ; Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University of Bern and Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Serge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marbacher
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Kantonsspital Aarau, Tellstrasse, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland ; Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University of Bern and Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Salome
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Erhardt
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Kantonsspital Aarau, Tellstrasse, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland ; Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University of Bern and Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Jenny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kienzler
authors.affiliation: Center for MR Research, University Children's Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Ernst
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.affiliation: Center for MR Research, University Children's Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Beat
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Werner
keywords: Aneurysm; Focused ultrasound; Rabbit model; Sonication