title: Detection of insertion/deletion polymorphisms from challenged samples using the Investigator DIPplex® kit.
abstract: This research focuses on detection of bi-allelic insertion/deletion polymorphisms (InDels) from challenged samples using the Investigator DIPplex® Kit from Qiagen. The study included analyzing body fluids from humans, as well as pristine and degraded samples. For the purpose of assessing species specificity, samples from various animals were included. At first, an analytical threshold (AT) for the detection of alleles was established based on an assessment of the noise in the system. Then, InDel profiles were obtained from samples exposed to detrimental environmental conditions, washed bloodstains, lipsticks, ChapStick®, ancient Croatian bone samples, and every day products such as toothbrushes and dental floss. Concordant profiles were obtained from different body fluids of the same donor. InDel profiles were also generated successfully when body fluids were deposited on substrates and directly amplified without pre-treatment with buffer or washing reagents. InDels can provide additional information when only partial STR profiles are generated from challenged samples.
authors.affiliation: The Pennsylvania State University, 107 Whitmore Lab, University Park, PA 16802, United States.
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.affiliation: South Dakota State University, Department of Mathematics & Statistics, Brookings, SD 57007, United States.
authors.forename: Cedric
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Neumann
authors.affiliation: The Pennsylvania State University, 107 Whitmore Lab, University Park, PA 16802, United States. Electronic address: rxr34@psu.edu.
authors.forename: Reena
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Roy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D053803:Forensic Genetics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005787:Gene Frequency; D006801:Humans; D054643:INDEL Mutation; D008297:Male; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic
chemical_list: D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; D004247:DNA
keywords: Bi-allelic insertion/deletion polymorphism; Challenged samples; Forensic science; InDel; Investigator DIPplex(®) Kit