title: WITHDRWAN: Purified palmitoleic acid for the reduction of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and serum lipids: a double-blinded, randomized, placebo controlled study.
abstract: Purified palmitoleic acid (16-1; omega-7) has shown lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory benefits in open label, epidemiologic, and animal studies.
  
  
  
  Our objective was to perform the first randomized controlled trial of purified palmitoleic acid supplementation in humans.
  
  
  
  Adults with dyslipidemia and evidence of mild systemic inflammation (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hs-CRP] between 2 and 5 mg/L) were randomly allocated to receive either 220.5 mg of cis-palmitoleic acid (n = 30) or an identical capsule with placebo (1000 mg of medium chain triglycerides, n = 30) once per day for 30 days. Participants were asked to maintain their current diet. Serum lipids and hs-CRP were drawn at baseline and study completion.
  
  
  
  At 30 days, there were significant mean (95% confidence interval [CI]) reductions in CRP (-1.9 [-2.3 to -1.4] mg/L), triglyceride (-30.2 [-40.2 to -25.3] mg/dL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (-8.9 [-12.0 to -5.8] mg/dL), and a significant increase in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (2.4 [1.5, 3.3] mg/dL) in the intervention group compared with control. These changes equated to 44%, 15%, and 8% reductions in CRP, triglyceride, and LDL respectively, and a 5% increase in HDL compared with control.
  
  
  
  Purified palmitoleic acid may be useful in the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia with the beneficial added effects of decreasing LDL and hs-CRP and raising HDL. Further study is needed to elucidate mechanisms and establish appropriate human doses.
authors.affiliation: Wellness Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Lyndhurst, OH, USA. Electronic address: bernsta2@ccf.org.
authors.forename: Adam M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Bernstein
authors.affiliation: Wellness Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Lyndhurst, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Michael F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Roizen
authors.affiliation: Xyrion Medical Institute, Ponce, PR, USA.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Martinez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000178:diet therapy*; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000178:diet therapy*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010919:Placebos / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D011647:Puerto Rico; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D010919:Placebos; D014280:Triglycerides; C008757:palmitoleic acid; D002097:C-Reactive Protein
keywords: C-reactive protein; Cholesterol; Hyperlipidemia; Inflammation; Lipids; Omega-7; Palmitoleate; Palmitoleic acid; Supplementation