title: Flapless alveolar ridge preservation utilizing the "socket-plug" technique: clinical technique and review of the literature.
abstract: It has been documented that after every extraction of one or more teeth, the alveolar bone of the respective region undergoes resorption and atrophy. Therefore, ridge preservation techniques are often employed after tooth extraction to limit this phenomenon. The benefits of a flapless procedure include maintenance of the buccal keratinized gingiva, prevention of alterations to the gingival contours, and migration of the mucogingival junction that are often experienced after raising a flap. The purpose of this article is to review the literature concerning flapless ridge preservation techniques with the aid of collagen plugs for occlusion of the socket. The term "socket-plug" technique is introduced to describe these techniques. The basic steps of the "socket-plug" technique consist of atraumatic tooth extraction, placement of the appropriate biomaterials in the extraction site, preservation of soft tissue architecture employing a flapless technique, and placement and stabilization of the collagen plug. A case example is presented that illustrates the steps used in this technique.
authors.affiliation: 1  Advanced Education Program in Periodontology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn.
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kotsakis
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chrepa
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Marcou
authors.forename: Hari
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Prasad
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hinrichs
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000540:Alveolar Ridge Augmentation / Q000379:methods*; D001641:Bicuspid / Q000601:surgery; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003094:Collagen / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003646:Debridement / Q000379:methods; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D017640:Silicates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014081:Tooth Extraction / Q000379:methods; D020390:Tooth Socket / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D017640:Silicates; D003094:Collagen; C031293:calcium silicate
keywords: collagen plug; dental implants; ridge preservation; tooth extraction