title: Differences and similarities between bulimia nervosa, compulsive buying and gambling disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of the study was to analyse shared commonalities and differences between bulimia nervosa (BN) and certain impulse-related disorders, namely compulsive buying (CB) and gambling disorder (GD), with respect to general psychopathology and personality traits.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 188 female patients [50 BN without comorbid CB (BN-CB), 49 BN with comorbid CB (BN+CB), 53 GD and 36 CB] and 50 comparison non-psychiatric women participated in the current study. All patients were diagnosed using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth revised edition, the Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised, and other clinical indices.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A positive-growing trend was observed in psychopathology and personality traits across the four clinical groups. Comorbid BN with CB was associated with highest eating psychopathology and social anxiety. On Novelty Seeking, the CB, GD and BN+CB were similar to each other, whereas BN-CB presented a distinct profile. Moreover, the BN+CB group displayed more dysfunctional personality traits and higher general psychopathology. The clinical groups demonstrated overall higher levels of psychopathology compared with the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study demonstrate that disorders with impulsive traits (CB, GD, BN+CB and BN-CB) follow a linear trend in general psychopathology and specific personality traits, but differ along specific personality and psychopathological dimensions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain; Ciber Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jiménez-Murcia
authors.forename: Roser
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Granero
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Moragas
authors.forename: Howard
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Steiger
authors.forename: Mimi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Israel
authors.forename: Neus
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aymamí
authors.forename: Mónica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gómez-Peña
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sauchelli
authors.forename: Zaida
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Agüera
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sánchez
authors.forename: Nadine
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Riesco
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Penelo
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Menchón
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fernández-Aranda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D052018:Bulimia Nervosa / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002605:Character; D015897:Comorbidity; D003192:Compulsive Behavior / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D007174:Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D005106:Exploratory Behavior; D005260:Female; D005715:Gambling / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010551:Personality; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000150:complications; D010555:Personality Inventory; D011599:Psychopathology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013694:Temperament
keywords: compulsive buying; eating disorders; gambling disorder; impulse-related disorders; personality; psychopathology