title: Anthelmintic effect of carob pods and sainfoin hay when fed to lambs after experimental trickle infections with Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis.
abstract: The aim of the study was to compare the in vivo anthelmintic activity of sainfoin hay (Onobrychis viciifolia) and carob pod meal (Ceratonia siliqua) against gastrointestinal nematodes. Seven days before infection, 64 naive lambs were assigned to four different groups: Group S received sainfoin hay and group CAR was fed with carob pods. The remaining lambs received lucerne hay (Medicago sativa) and were assigned to positive (non-treated, NT) and negative (treated, T) control groups (treatment with albendazole). On day 0, lambs were artificially trickle infected for 6 weeks, with a mixture of infective larvae of Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis. Parasitological and pathophysiological parameters were measured repeatedly during the 2-month study. Compared to the NT group, decreases in egg excretion were observed in the CAR and S groups with significant differences only found for sainfoin (p < 0.05). At necropsy, group S showed decreases in the total worm numbers of both nematode species with significant differences for H. contortus. In contrast, no differences were noticed for the CAR group. Compared to the NT group, lower values for fecundity of female H. contortus were found in the S and CAR groups, however differences were non-significant. No differences in body weight gains were found between groups. Consistent results were found showing significantly higher packed cell volume (PCV) values in the T and S groups compared to NT and CAR groups. Overall, these results confirm a positive effect associated with the feeding of lambs with tanniniferous resources on host resilience (PCV values) and against gastrointestinal parasitic nematodes by affecting some biological traits of worm populations (e.g. eggs per gram of faeces and worm numbers). However, the anthelmintic effects differed between the two tannin-containing resources, which might be associated with the quantity and/or quality of secondary metabolites (condensed tannins and/or other polyphenols).
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Research Institute - Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, 57001 Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece - UMR 1225 IHAP INRA/ENVT, École Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, 23 Chemin des Capelles, 31076 Toulouse Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Celia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Arroyo-Lopez
authors.affiliation: UMR 1225 IHAP INRA/ENVT, École Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, 23 Chemin des Capelles, 31076 Toulouse Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Foteini
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Manolaraki
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Research Institute - Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, 57001 Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Anastasios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saratsis
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Research Institute - Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, 57001 Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Katerina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saratsi
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Research Institute - Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, 57001 Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Alexandros
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stefanakis
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Research Institute - Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, 57001 Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Vasileios
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Skampardonis
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Research Institute - Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, 57001 Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Nikolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Voutzourakis
authors.affiliation: UMR 1225 IHAP INRA/ENVT, École Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, 23 Chemin des Capelles, 31076 Toulouse Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Hervé
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hoste
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Research Institute - Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, 57001 Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Smaragda
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sotiraki
mesh_terms: D000018:Abomasum / Q000469:parasitology; D015766:Albendazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility; D005433:Flour; D005685:Galactans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006188:Haemonchiasis / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*; D006189:Haemonchus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000469:parasitology; D008297:Male; D008351:Mannans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D029902:Medicago; D010270:Parasite Egg Count; D008517:Phytotherapy; D053149:Plant Gums / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000178:diet therapy*; D013634:Tannins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014253:Trichostrongylosis / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*; D014254:Trichostrongylus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D000871:Anthelmintics; D005685:Galactans; D008351:Mannans; D053149:Plant Gums; D013634:Tannins; D015766:Albendazole; C017471:locust bean gum