title: Guidelines for management of sodium hypochlorite extrusion injuries.
abstract: Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is the most common irrigant used in modern endodontics. It is highly effective at dissolving organic debris and disinfecting the root canal system due to the high pH. Extravasation of NaOCl into intra-oral and extra-oral tissues can lead to devastating outcomes leading to long-term functional and aesthetic deficits. Currently no clear guidelines are available which has caused confusion among the dental and oral and maxillofacial (OMFS) surgical community how best to manage these patients. Following a literature review and considering our own experience we have formulated clear and precise guidelines to manage patients with NaOCl injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Northwick Park Hospital, Watford Road, Harrow, HA1 3UJ.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Farook
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Northwick Park Hospital, Watford Road, Harrow, HA1 3UJ.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 9RS.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lenouvel
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Northwick Park Hospital, Watford Road, Harrow, HA1 3UJ.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sheikh
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Northwick Park Hospital, Watford Road, Harrow, HA1 3UJ.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sadiq
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Northwick Park Hospital, Watford Road, Harrow, HA1 3UJ.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cascarini
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Webb
mesh_terms: D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000293:injuries; D006801:Humans; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite