title: Propane-d6Heterogeneously Hyperpolarized by Parahydrogen.
abstract: Long-lived spin states of hyperpolarized propane-d6gas were demonstrated following pairwise addition of parahydrogen gas to propene-d6using heterogeneous parahydrogen-induced polarization (HET-PHIP). Hyperpolarized molecules were synthesized using Rh/TiO2solid catalyst with 1.6 nm Rh nanoparticles. Hyperpolarized (PH∼ 1%) propane-d6was detected at high magnetic field (9.4 T) spectroscopically and by high-resolution 3D gradient-echo MRI (4.7 T) as the gas flowed through the radiofrequency coil with a spatial and temporal resolution of 0.5 × 0.5 × 0.5 mm3and 17.7 s, respectively. Stopped-flow hyperpolarized propane-d6gas was also detected at 0.0475 T with an observed nuclear spin polarization ofPH∼ 0.1% and a relatively long lifetime withT1,eff= 6.0 ± 0.3 s. Importantly, it was shown that the hyperpolarized protons of the deuterated product obtained via pairwise parahydrogen addition could be detected directly at low magnetic field. Importantly, the relatively long low-fieldT1,effof HP propane-d6gas is not susceptible to paramagnetic impurities as tested by exposure to ∼0.2 atm oxygen. This long lifetime and nontoxic nature of propane gas could be useful for bioimaging applications including potentially pulmonary low-field MRI. The feasibility of high-resolution low-field 2D gradient-echo MRI was demonstrated with 0.88 × 0.88 mm2spatial and ∼0.7 s temporal resolution, respectively, at 0.0475 T.
authors.affiliation: International Tomography Center , 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia ; Novosibirsk State University , 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
authors.forename: Kirill V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Kovtunov
authors.affiliation: Institute of Imaging Science, Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310, United States.
authors.forename: Milton L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Truong
authors.affiliation: International Tomography Center , 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia ; Novosibirsk State University , 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
authors.forename: Danila A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Barskiy
authors.affiliation: International Tomography Center , 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia ; Novosibirsk State University , 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
authors.forename: Oleg G
authors.initials: OG
authors.lastname: Salnikov
authors.affiliation: Boreskov Institute of Catalysis , SB RAS, 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
authors.forename: Valery I
authors.initials: VI
authors.lastname: Bukhtiyarov
authors.affiliation: Institute of Imaging Science, Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310, United States ; Institute of Imaging Science, Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310, United States.
authors.forename: Aaron M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Coffey
authors.affiliation: Institute of Imaging Science, Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310, United States ; Institute of Imaging Science, Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310, United States.
authors.forename: Kevin W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Waddell
authors.affiliation: International Tomography Center , 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia ; Novosibirsk State University , 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
authors.forename: Igor V
authors.initials: IV
authors.lastname: Koptyug
authors.affiliation: Institute of Imaging Science, Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310, United States ; Institute of Imaging Science, Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310, United States ; Institute of Imaging Science, Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310, United States ; Institute of Imaging Science, Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310, United States.
authors.forename: Eduard Y
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Chekmenev