title: Redesign of Indonesian-made osteosynthesis plates to enhance their mechanical behavior.
abstract: Mechanical properties determined by fatigue strength, ductility, and toughness are important measures for osteosynthesis plates in order to tolerate some load-bearing situations caused by muscle contractions and weight-bearing effects. Previous study indicated that Indonesian-made plates showed lower mechanical strength compared to the European AO standard plate. High stress under load-bearing situations often starts from surface of the plate; we therefore refined the grain size of the surface by using shot peening and surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT). Single cycle bending tests showed that shot-peened and SMAT-treated plates had significantly higher load limit and bending stress compared to the original plates (p<0.05). Weibull analysis confirmed the improvement of proportional load limit of SMAT-treated plates. Fatigue limit also increased upon shot-peening and SMAT treatment (improvement ratio 18% and 27%, respectively). Significant improvement ratio of fatigue tests can be observed in SMAT-treated plates compared to the untreated and shot-peened plates. Fatigue performance demonstrated equivalent results between SMAT-treated and standard plate. These designated that mechanical properties of Indonesian-made plates can be improved upon SMAT treatment leading to significant enhancement of mechanical strength thus is comparable to the standard plate. Our findings highlight the benefits of SMAT treatment to improve mechanical strength of Indonesian-made osteosynthesis plates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology Sardjito Hospital/Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Electronic address: dewo777@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dewo
authors.affiliation: Department of Industrial Design, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: E B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: van der Houwen
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
authors.lastname: Suyitno
authors.affiliation: Center for Rehabilitation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marius
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology Sardjito Hospital/Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Magetsari
authors.affiliation: Center for Rehabilitation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Biomechanical Engineering, University of Twente, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Verkerke
mesh_terms: D001860:Bone Plates; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006244:Hardness; D008422:Materials Testing; D055595:Mechanical Phenomena; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties
keywords: Mechanical strength; Osteosynthesis plate; Shot peening; Surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT)