title: Spectrophotometric and computerized evaluation of tooth bleaching employing 10 different home-bleaching procedures: In-vitro study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this in-vitro study was to evaluate the efficacy of bleaching products, determine the applicability and validation of the measurement methods.
  
  
  METHODS
  Freshly extracted 110 human incisor teeth were stained with whole blood and hemolysate solution prior to the application of 10 different home-bleaching products. Spectrophotometric measurements of the tooth shades were performed for each specimen before and after bleaching at the 1(st), 3(rd), 7(th), and 14 days. Differences in lightness (Δl), chroma (Δc), hue (Δh) values and shade changes were measured to evaluate process. Computerized digital imaging analyses to determine the color changes were performed with Photoshop CS4 software (Adobe, San Jose, CA, USA). Statistical analyses were performed with analysis of variance, Scheffe and Tukey tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all of the test groups regardless of the material used, a significant increase in lightness and hue, and decrease of chroma were observed, as compared to the control group. After recommended bleaching applications, Δl and Δh values respectively increased in group Zaris White and Brite (ZWB) and group Pola Night and Δc values showed significant decrease in groups ZWB and Rembrandt REM3 (P < 0.05). At the end of the procedure both spectrophotometric and digital imaging analysis showed ZWB was the most effective product among the others while Yotuel and Happy Smile were the least (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Home-bleaching systems showed slower but almost permanent bleaching effect likewise office-based methods. Both software and spectrophotometric analyses have advantages such as evaluating the results objectively and numerically, also treatment outcomes could be preserved.
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkiye.
authors.forename: Cem
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Peskersoy
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkiye.
authors.forename: Ayhan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tetik
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkiye.
authors.forename: Veli Ozgen
authors.initials: VO
authors.lastname: Ozturk
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkiye.
authors.forename: Necmi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gokay
keywords: Digital imaging analysis; home-bleaching; spectrophotometer