title: Effects of photoperiod, growth temperature and cold acclimatisation on glucosinolates, sugars and fatty acids in kale.
abstract: Curly kale is a robust, cold tolerant plant with a high content of health-promoting compounds, grown at a range of latitudes. To assess the effects of temperature, photoperiod and cold acclimatisation on levels of glucosinolates, fatty acids and soluble sugars in kale, an experiment was set up under controlled conditions. Treatments consisted of combinations of the temperatures 15/9 or 21/15 °C, and photoperiods of 12 or 24h, followed by a cold acclimatisation period. Levels of glucosinolates and fatty acid types in leaves were affected by growth conditions and cold acclimatisation, being generally highest before acclimatisation. The effects of growth temperature and photoperiod on freezing tolerance were most pronounced in plants grown without cold acclimatisation. The results indicate that cold acclimatisation can increase the content of soluble sugar and can thereby improve the taste, whilst the content of unsaturated fatty and glucosinolates acids may decrease.
authors.affiliation: Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research, Bioforsk Nord Holt, Box 2284, NO-9269 Tromsø, Norway. Electronic address: anne.linn.hykkerud.steindal@bioforsk.no.
authors.forename: Anne Linn Hykkerud
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Steindal
authors.affiliation: Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research, Bioforsk Nord Holt, Box 2284, NO-9269 Tromsø, Norway.
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rødven
authors.affiliation: Marbio, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, NO-9037 Tromsø, Norway.
authors.forename: Espen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.affiliation: Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research, Bioforsk Nord Holt, Box 2284, NO-9269 Tromsø, Norway.
authors.forename: Jørgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mølmann
mesh_terms: D000064:Acclimatization; D001937:Brassica / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000032:analysis*; D003080:Cold Temperature; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis*; D005961:Glucosinolates / Q000032:analysis*; D008027:Light; D017440:Photoperiod; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005961:Glucosinolates
keywords: Cold acclimatisation; Fatty acids; Frost tolerance; Glucosinolates; Kale; Photoperiod; Soluble sugars; Temperature