title: Mechanism of entomotoxicity of the Concanavalin A in Rhopalosiphum padi (Hemiptera: Aphididae).
abstract: The toxicity effect of Concanavalin A (Canavalia ensiformis lectin, ConA) to bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi L. (Hemiptera: Aphididae), was investigated in the laboratory by using artificial diets containing ConA concentrations. Bird cherry-oat aphid performance was affected by the presence of Con A in artificial diets. The lectin added into the liquid diet increased the prereproductive period, mortality, and the average time of generation development (T) and decreased fecundity and the intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm). In attempt to unravel the mode of action of ConA, the interaction of the lectin with insect gut and the effect of ConA on feeding behavior were investigated. Extract of gut of treated grain aphid demonstrated DNA fragmentation, and this was accompanied with an increase in caspase 3 activity. Moreover, addition of ConA to the sucrose-agarose gels reduced salivation and passive ingestion of fluids from the gel. The results indicate that the insecticidal activity of ConA on R. padi may involve effects on death of the gut epithelial cells and effects on feeding behavior. This can be employed to create plants that are resistant to aphids.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, ul. Prusa 12, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland isprawka@uph.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Iwona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sprawka
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, ul. Prusa 12, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland.
authors.forename: Sylwia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Goławska
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, ul. Prusa 12, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland.
authors.forename: Tina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Parzych
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, ul. Prusa 12, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland.
authors.forename: Artur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goławski
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, ul. Prusa 12, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland.
authors.forename: Paweł
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Czerniewicz
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, ul. Prusa 12, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland.
authors.forename: Hubert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sytykiewicz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001042:Aphids / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D003208:Concanavalin A / Q000633:toxicity*; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D004064:Digestive System / Q000187:drug effects*; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000187:drug effects*; D005298:Fertility / Q000187:drug effects; D008934:Mitogens / Q000633:toxicity*; D012472:Salivation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D008934:Mitogens; D003208:Concanavalin A; D053148:Caspase 3
keywords: EPG; antifeeding; apoptosis; caspase 3; lectin