title: Clinical and molecular prognostic and predictive biomarkers in clear cell renal cell cancer.
abstract: The natural history of clear cell renal cell cancer is highly unpredictable with various progressors and with populations where small renal masses may be accompanied by metastatic disease. Currently, there is a critical need to determine patient risk and optimize treatment regimes. For these patients, molecular markers may offer significant information in terms of prognostic and predictive values, as well as determination of valid therapeutic targets. Until now, only a few of the many identified clear cell renal cell cancer biomarkers have been clinically validated in large cohorts. And only several biomarkers are integrated in predictive or prognostic models. Therefore, a large cohesive effort is required to advance the field of clear cell renal cell cancer prognostic biomarkers through systematic discovery, verification, validation and clinical implementation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology with Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Czarnecka
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kukwa
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kornakiewicz
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lian
authors.forename: Cezary
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Szczylik
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
keywords: HIF; VEGF; biomarker; prediction; prognosis; renal cancer; sorafenib; sunitinib