title: [Reconstruction of facial soft tissue defects with pedicled expanded flaps].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the application of pedicled expanded flaps for the reconstruction of facial soft tissue defects.
  
  
  METHODS
  The expanded skin flaps, pedicled with orbicularis oculi muscle, submental artery, the branch of facial artery, superficial temporal artery, interior upper arm artery, had similar texture and color as facial soft tissue. The pedicled expanded flaps have repaired the facial soft tissue defects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Between Jan. 2003 to Dec. 2013, 157 cases with facial soft tissue defects were reconstructed by pedicled expanded flaps. Epidermal necrosis happened at the distal end of 8 expanded flaps, pedicled with interior upper arm artery(4 cases), orbicularis oculi muscle(3 cases) and submental artery(1 case), which healed spontaneously after dressing. All the other flaps survived completely with similar color and inconspicuous scar. 112 cases were followed up for 8 months to 8 years. Satisfactory results were achieved in 75 cases. 37 cases with hypertrophic scar at incisions need secondary operation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Island pedicled expanded flap with similar texture and color as facial soft tissue is suitable for facial soft tissue defects. The facial extra-incision and large dog-ear deformity could be avoided.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yangqun
authors.forename: Tang
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yong
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhe
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Muxin
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lisi
authors.forename: Hu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chunmei
authors.forename: Liu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yuanyuan
authors.forename: Ma
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ning
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jun
authors.forename: Wang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Weixin
mesh_terms: D017439:Cicatrix, Hypertrophic / Q000601:surgery*; D005143:Eyelids; D005145:Face / Q000601:surgery*; D005152:Facial Muscles; D006801:Humans; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D012880:Skin Pigmentation; D017695:Soft Tissue Injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000098:blood supply