title: Bone mineral density of the coracoid process decreases with age.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Surgical options in the treatment of recurrent anterior shoulder instability are numerous. The Latarjet procedure is one of the most common procedures performed. It has been previously demonstrated that bone mineral density decreases with age. This reduction thus increases the risk of osteoporosis and osteoporosis-related iatrogenic, traumatic or pathological fractures. The objective of this study was to quantify the bone mineral density of the coracoid process in different age groups. The hypothesis was that mineral bone density of the coracoid process decreases with age.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using the hospital's electronic database, 60 patients who underwent a shoulder CT scan were randomly selected retrospectively. Four groups of 15 were formed with mean ages of 20, 30, 40 and 50 years. Bone density, length, width and thickness of the coracoid process 10 mm from the tip were measured four times by two different evaluators. Bone density was expressed in Hounsfield units (HU).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean bone mineral density of the coracoid process significantly decreased with age (p < 0.0001). A lower but insignificant difference of bone mineral density was observed in females. A good inter- and intra-observer reliability was found for bone mineral density measurement of the coracoid process (0.67 and 0.7, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The bone mineral density of the coracoid process diminishes with age, thus confirming our hypothesis. There is a good inter- and intra-observer reliability of our CT scan-based coracoid process bone mineral density measurement rendering it reproducible in daily clinical practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  IV.
authors.affiliation: Orthopedic Department, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Versailles-Saint Quentin University, 177, rue de Versailles, 78157, Le Chesnay, France.
authors.forename: Jean Sébastien
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Beranger
authors.affiliation: Orthopedic Department, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Versailles-Saint Quentin University, 177, rue de Versailles, 78157, Le Chesnay, France.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maqdes
authors.affiliation: Orthopedic Department, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Versailles-Saint Quentin University, 177, rue de Versailles, 78157, Le Chesnay, France. npujol@ch-versailles.fr.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pujol
authors.affiliation: Orthopedic Department, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Versailles-Saint Quentin University, 177, rue de Versailles, 78157, Le Chesnay, France.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Desmoineaux
authors.affiliation: Orthopedic Department, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Versailles-Saint Quentin University, 177, rue de Versailles, 78157, Le Chesnay, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Beaufils
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D015519:Bone Density; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012540:Scapula / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology* / Q000601:surgery; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
keywords: Bone mineral density; Coracoid process; Latarjet procedure; Shoulder instability