title: Native T1 mapping of the heart - a pictorial review.
abstract: T1 mapping is now a clinically feasible method, providing pixel-wise quantification of the cardiac structure's T1 values. Beyond focal lesions, well depicted by late gadolinium enhancement sequences, it has become possible to discriminate diffuse myocardial alterations, previously not assessable by noninvasive means. The strength of this method includes the high reproducibility and immediate clinical applicability, even without the use of contrast media injection (native or pre-contrast T1). The two most important determinants of native T1 augmentation are (1) edema related to tissue water increase (recent infarction or inflammation) and (2) interstitial space increase related to fibrosis (infarction scar, cardiomyopathy) or to amyloidosis. Conversely, lipid (Anderson-Fabry) or iron overload diseases are responsible for T1 reduction. In this pictorial review, the main features provided by native T1 mapping are discussed and illustrated, with a special focus on the awaited clinical purpose of this unique, promising new method.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Strasbourg, France. ; Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Germain
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Soraya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: El Ghannudi
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Mi-Young
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Jeung
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ohlmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Epailly
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Afshin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gangi
keywords: T1 mapping; cardiac magnetic resonance; cardiomyopathy; edema; fibrosis; myocardial infarction