title: Chronic ANG II infusion induces sex-specific increases in renal T cells in Sprague-Dawley rats.
abstract: Recent studies suggest that sex of the animal and T cell impact ANG II hypertension in Rag(-/-) mice, with females being protected relative to males. This study tested the hypothesis that ANG II results in greater increases in proinflammatory T cells and cytokines in males than in females. Male and female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, aged 12 wk, were treated with vehicle or ANG II (200 ng·kg(-1)·min(-1)) for 2 wk. Renal CD4(+) T cells and Tregs were comparable between vehicle-treated males and females, although males expressed more Th17 and IL-17(+) T cells and fewer IL-10(+) T cells than females. ANG II resulted in greater increases in CD4(+) T cells, Th17 cells, and IL-17(+) cells in males; Tregs increased only in females. We previously showed that ANG (1-7) antagonizes ANG II-induced increases in blood pressure in females and ANG (1-7) has been suggested to be anti-inflammatory. Renal ANG (1-7) levels were greater in female SD at baseline and following ANG II infusion. Additional rats were treated with ANG II plus the ANG (1-7)-mas receptor antagonist A-779 (48 μg·kg(-1)·h(-1)) to test the hypothesis that greater ANG (1-7) in females results in more Tregs relative to males. Inhibition of ANG (1-7) did not alter renal T cells in either sex. In conclusion, ANG II induces a sex-specific effect on the renal T cell profile. Males have greater increases in proinflammatory T cells, and females have greater increases in anti-inflammatory Tregs; however, sex differences in the renal T cell profile are not mediated by ANG (1-7).
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia; and.
authors.forename: Margaret A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Zimmerman
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Biology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Babak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Baban
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia; and.
authors.forename: Ashlee J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Tipton
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia; and.
authors.forename: Paul M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: O'Connor
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia; and jensullivan@gru.edu.
authors.forename: Jennifer C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Sullivan
mesh_terms: D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000378:metabolism; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D020381:Interleukin-17; D000804:Angiotensin II; D016753:Interleukin-10
keywords: ANG (1–7); Sprague-Dawley; adaptive immune system; cytokines; gender; sex differences