title: Induction of proteinases in the human preovulatory follicle of the menstrual cycle by human chorionic gonadotropin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the temporal expression in granulosa and theca cells of key members of the MMP and ADAMTS families across the periovulatory period in women to gain insight into their possible roles during ovulation and early luteinization.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental prospective clinical study and laboratory-based investigation.
  
  
  METHODS
  University medical center and private IVF center.
  Thirty-eight premenopausal women undergoing surgery for tubal ligation and six premenopausal women undergoing assisted reproductive techniques.
  
  
  METHODS
  Administration of hCG and harvesting of follicles by laparoscopy and collection of granulosa-lutein cells at oocyte retrieval.
  
  
  METHODS
  Expression of mRNA for matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) and the A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin-like motifs (ADAMTS) in human granulosa cells and theca cells collected across the periovulatory period of the menstrual cycle and in cultured granulosa-lutein cells after hCG. Localization of MMPs and ADAMTSs by immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Expression of MMP1 and MMP19 mRNA increased in both granulosa and theca cells after hCG administration. ADAMTS1 and ADAMTS9 mRNA increased in granulosa cells after hCG treatment, however, thecal cell expression for ADAMTS1 was unchanged, while ADAMTS9 expression was decreased. Expression of MMP8 and MMP13 mRNA was unchanged. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the localization of MMP1, MMP19, ADAMTS1, and ADAMTS9 to the granulosa and thecal cell layers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The collection of the dominant follicle throughout the periovulatory period has allowed the identification of proteolytic remodeling enzymes in the granulosa and theca compartments that may be critically involved in human ovulation. These proteinases may work in concert to regulate breakdown of the follicular wall and release of the oocyte.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky.
authors.forename: Katherine L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Rosewell
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky.
authors.forename: Linah
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Al-Alem
authors.affiliation: Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Farnosh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zakerkish
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky.
authors.forename: Lauren
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: McCord
authors.affiliation: Bluegrass Fertility Center, Lexington, Kentucky.
authors.forename: James W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Akin
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Charles L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Chaffin
authors.affiliation: Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Mats
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brännström
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky. Electronic address: tecurry@uky.edu.
authors.forename: Thomas E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Curry
mesh_terms: D051722:ADAM Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005498:Follicular Phase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008184:Luteal Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases; D051722:ADAM Proteins; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases
keywords: ADAMTS; Ovulation; granulosa cell; matrix metalloproteinase; theca cell