title: Percutaneous left main coronary artery stent for acute myocardial ischemia after repaired ALCAPA.
abstract: Percutaneous coronary artery stent angioplasty is rare in the pediatric population but can be a life-saving by rapidly reestablishing flow to an obstructed coronary artery. It is a technically challenging and high-risk procedure in infants and further limited by the need for future surgical intervention. We report of an infant with anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery who underwent acutely successful surgical reimplantation of the left coronary artery onto the ascending aorta. One month later, she developed acute myocardial ischemia and emergent catheterization diagnosed near-total occlusion of the left coronary artery. We implanted a 2.5 mm coronary stent in the left main coronary artery with reestablishment of flow. The patient's left ventricular systolic function recovered within 4 weeks and repeat angiography 3 months later showed complete normalization of the entire left coronary artery system. The patient weighed 3 kg and was < 6 weeks of age at the time of stent implantation which to our knowledge is the smallest and youngest reported patient to undergo coronary stent angioplasty. This case supports the feasibility of this procedure in infants as a temporizing solution to hemodynamic instability from myocardial ischemia due to coronary artery stenosis. The left ventricular systolic function remained normal at 7 months after stent placement and the patient was clinically well from a cardiac perspective.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine and the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Children's Heart Center, Skane University Hospital, Lund, 221 85, Sweden.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hallbergson
authors.forename: Jonathan J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Rome
mesh_terms: D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000379:methods*; D063748:Bland White Garland Syndrome / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D023921:Coronary Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D061214:Patient Safety; D011859:Radiography; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography
keywords: coronary artery disease; left main coronary disease; pediatric intervention; percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)