title: Relationship between Low-Income Patient Census and Substance Use Disorder Treatment Programs' Availability of Tobacco Cessation Services.
abstract: Low income adults with substance use disorders (SUDs) have a high prevalence of tobacco use and often limited access to tobacco cessation treatment. This study examines the relationship between low-income SUD patient census (i.e., percentage of patients whose treatment costs are covered by Medicaid and Federal block grants) and SUD programs' availability of three evidence-based tobacco cessation services: behavioral treatments, system-level support, and pharmacotherapy. Data were collected from a random sample of 1,006 program administrators in 2010. Mixed-effects models results show that the percentage of low-income patients is significantly positively associated with the availability of behavioral treatments and system-level support but not pharmacotherapy. Thus, low-income patients may have similar access to tobacco cessation pharmacotherapy but greater access to behavioral treatments and system-level support. However, the availability of tobacco cessation services is not widespread overall, which may hamper access to extensive services to address low-income SUD patients' high smoking rates.
authors.affiliation: University of Georgia, 322 Psychology Building, Athens, GA 30602, USA, , ; Department of Health Promotion and Behavior.
authors.forename: Jessica L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Muilenburg
authors.affiliation: University of Georgia, 322 Psychology Building, Athens, GA 30602, USA, , ; Owens Institute for Behavioral Research.
authors.forename: Tanja C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Laschober
authors.affiliation: University of Georgia, 322 Psychology Building, Athens, GA 30602, USA, , ; Owens Institute for Behavioral Research ; Industrial-Organizational Psychology Program.
authors.forename: Lillian T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Eby
keywords: Medicaid coverage; low-income patients; smoking cessation; substance abuse treatment