title: Immunoglobulins: 25 years of immunoinformatics and IMGT-ONTOLOGY.
abstract: IMGT®, the international ImMunoGeneTics information system® (CNRS and Montpellier University) is the global reference in immunogenetics and immunoinformatics. By its creation in 1989, IMGT® marked the advent of immunoinformatics, which emerged at the interface between immunogenetics and bioinformatics. IMGT® is specialized in the immunoglobulins (IG) or antibodies, T cell receptors (TR), major histocompatibility (MH), and IgSF and MhSF superfamilies. IMGT® has been built on the IMGT-ONTOLOGY axioms and concepts, which bridged the gap between genes, sequences and three-dimensional (3D) structures. The concepts include the IMGT® standardized keywords (identification), IMGT® standardized labels (description), IMGT® standardized nomenclature (classification), IMGT unique numbering and IMGT Colliers de Perles (numerotation). IMGT® comprises seven databases, 15,000 pages of web resources and 17 tools. IMGT® tools and databases provide a high-quality analysis of the IG from fish to humans, for basic, veterinary and medical research, and for antibody engineering and humanization. They include, as examples: IMGT/V-QUEST and IMGT/JunctionAnalysis for nucleotide sequence analysis and their high-throughput version IMGT/HighV-QUEST for next generation sequencing, IMGT/DomainGapAlign for amino acid sequence analysis of IG domains, IMGT/3Dstructure-DB for 3D structures, contact analysis and paratope/epitope interactions of IG/antigen complexes, and the IMGT/mAb-DB interface for therapeutic antibodies and fusion proteins for immunological applications (FPIA).
authors.affiliation: IMGT®, the international ImMunoGenetics information system®, Laboratoire d'ImmunoGénétique Moléculaire LIGM, Institut de Génétique Humaine IGH, UPR CNRS 1142, Montpellier University, 141 rue de la Cardonille, 34396 Montpellier cedex 5, France. Marie-Paule.Lefranc@igh.cnrs.fr.
authors.forename: Marie-Paule
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Lefranc
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D019295:Computational Biology / Q000379:methods*; D030562:Databases, Protein; D005803:Genes, Immunoglobulin; D006031:Glycosylation; D006801:Humans; D007125:Immunogenetics / Q000379:methods*; D015202:Protein Engineering
chemical_list: D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D002352:Carrier Proteins; C029702:prolactin-binding protein