title: Research on choleretic effect of menthol, menthone, pluegone, isomenthone, and limonene in DanShu capsule.
abstract: Danshu capsule (DSC) is a medicinal compound in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). It is commonly used for the treatment of acute & chronic cholecystitis as well as choleithiasis. To study its choleretic effect, healthy rats were randomly divided into DSC high (DSCH, 900mg/kg), medium (DSCM, 450mg/kg), and low (DSCL, 225mg/kg) group, Xiaoyan Lidan tablet (XYLDT, 750mg/kg), and saline group. The bile was collected for 1h after 20-minute stabilization as the base level, and at 1h, 2h, 3h, and 4h after drug administration, respectively. Bile volume, total cholesterol, and total bile acid were measured at each time point. The results revealed that DSC significantly stimulated bile secretion, decreased total cholesterol level and increased total bile acid level. Therefore, it had choleretic effects. To identify the active components contributing to its choleretic effects, five major constituents which are menthol (39.33mg/kg), menthone (18.02mg/kg), isomenthone (8.18mg/kg), pluegone (3.31mg/kg), and limonene (4.39mg/kg) were tested on our rat model. The results showed that menthol and limonene could promote bile secretion when compared to DSC treatment (p > 0.05); Menthol, menthol and limonene could significantly decrease total cholesterol level (p<0.05 or p<0.01) as well as increase total bile acid level (p<0.05 or p<0.01); Isomenthone, as a isomer of menthone, existed slightly choleretic effects; Pluegone had no obvious role in bile acid efflux. These findings indicated that the choleretic effects of DSC may be attributed mainly to its three major constituents: menthol, menthone and limonene.
authors.affiliation: Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Guanying
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Sanyin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ruru
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Miao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P.R. China. Electronic address: tcmzsy@126.com.
authors.forename: Chunjie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Sichuan Jishengtang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610000, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zhigang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Sichuan Jishengtang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610000, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ke
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001646:Bile / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D001647:Bile Acids and Salts / Q000378:metabolism; D002756:Cholagogues and Choleretics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002764:Cholecystitis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002769:Cholelithiasis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D045424:Complex Mixtures / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000081005:Cyclohexane Monoterpenes; D053138:Cyclohexenes / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D000077222:Limonene; D008297:Male; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional; D008610:Menthol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000008:administration & dosage; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013729:Terpenes / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D001647:Bile Acids and Salts; D002756:Cholagogues and Choleretics; D045424:Complex Mixtures; D000081005:Cyclohexane Monoterpenes; D053138:Cyclohexenes; D039821:Monoterpenes; D013729:Terpenes; D008610:Menthol; C039648:pulegone; D002784:Cholesterol; D000077222:Limonene; C019466:menthone; C575995:isomenthone
keywords: Bile acid; DanShu capsule; Limonene; Menthol; Menthone; Peppermint oil