title: Regulation and evasion of antiviral immune responses by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus.
abstract: Virus infection of mammalian cells triggers host innate immune responses to restrict viral replication and induces adaptive immunity for viral elimination. In order to survive and propagate, viruses have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to subvert host defense system by encoding proteins that target key components of the immune signaling pathways. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), a RNA virus, impairs several processes of host immune responses including interfering with interferon production and signaling, modulating cytokine expression, manipulating apoptotic responses and regulating adaptive immunity. In this review, we highlight the molecular mechanisms of how PRRSV interferes with the different steps of initial antiviral host responses to establish persistent infection in pigs. Dissection of the PRRSV-host interaction is the key in understanding PRRSV pathogenesis and will provide a basis for the rational design of vaccines.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
authors.forename: Qiong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China. Electronic address: whfeng@cau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Wen-hai
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Feng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D016207:Cytokines / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D057131:Immune Evasion; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D019316:Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines
keywords: Adaptive immunity; Apoptosis; Immune evasion; Innate immunity; PRRSV; Type I IFNs