title: Genetic characterization of Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) breeding and hybrid lines with different geographic origins.
abstract: The domesticated silkworm Bombyx mori L. comprises a large number of geographical breeds and hybrid lines. Knowing the genetic structure of those may provide information to improve the conservation of commercial lines by estimating inbreeding over generations and the consequences of excessive use of those lineages. Here, we analyzed the genetic diversity of seven breeds and eight hybrid lines from Eastern Europe and Asia using highly polymorphic microsatellites markers to determine its genetical impact on their use in global breeding programs. No consistent pattern of deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was found for most breed and hybrids; and the absence of a linkage disequilibrium also suggests that the strains are in equilibrium. A principal coordinate analysis revealed a clear separation of two silkworm breeds from the rest: one (IBV) originated from India and the other one (RG90) from Romania/Japan. The tendency of the other breeds from different geographic origins to cluster together in a general mix might be due to similar selection pressures (climate and anthropogenic factors) in different geographic locations. Phylogenetic analyses grouped the different silkworm breeds but not the hybrids according to their geographic origin and confirmed the pattern found in the principal coordinate analysis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Apiculture and Sericulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
authors.forename: Emilia M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Furdui
authors.affiliation: Department of Apiculture and Sericulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania lmarghitas@usamvcluj.ro erler.silvio@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Liviu A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Mărghitaş
authors.affiliation: Department of Apiculture and Sericulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
authors.forename: Daniel S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Dezmirean
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Productions and Food Security, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
authors.forename: Ioan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Paşca
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
authors.forename: Iulia F
authors.initials: IF
authors.lastname: Pop
authors.affiliation: Department of Apiculture and Sericulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania Present address: Molecular Ecology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Hoher Weg 4, 06099, Halle (Saale), Germany lmarghitas@usamvcluj.ro erler.silvio@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Silvio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Erler
authors.affiliation: Department of Apiculture and Sericulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania Present address: Behavioural Biology, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastraße 11, 49076, Osnabrück, Germany.
authors.forename: Ellen A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Schlüns
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D012831:Bombyx / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*; D001947:Breeding; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D005819:Genetic Markers; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005843:Geography; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers
keywords: genetic diversity; inbreeding; microsatellite; polymorphism; population structure