title: Creating locally-resolved mobile-source emissions inputs for air quality modeling in support of an exposure study in Detroit, Michigan, USA.
abstract: This work describes a methodology for modeling the impact of traffic-generated air pollutants in an urban area. This methodology presented here utilizes road network geometry, traffic volume, temporal allocation factors, fleet mixes, and emission factors to provide critical modeling inputs. These inputs, assembled from a variety of sources, are combined with meteorological inputs to generate link-based emissions for use in dispersion modeling to estimate pollutant concentration levels due to traffic. A case study implementing this methodology for a large health study is presented, including a sensitivity analysis of the modeling results reinforcing the importance of model inputs and identify those having greater relative impact, such as fleet mix. In addition, an example use of local measurements of fleet activity to supplement model inputs is described, and its impacts to the model outputs are discussed. We conclude that with detailed model inputs supported by local traffic measurements and meteorology, it is possible to capture the spatial and temporal patterns needed to accurately estimate exposure from traffic-related pollutants.
authors.affiliation: Institute for the Environment, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 100 Europa Drive, Suite 490, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA. michellesnyder@unc.edu.
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Snyder
authors.affiliation: Institute for the Environment, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 100 Europa Drive, Suite 490, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA. sarav@email.unc.edu.
authors.forename: Saravanan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arunachalam
authors.affiliation: National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 109 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. isakov.vlad@epa.gov.
authors.forename: Vlad
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Isakov
authors.affiliation: Institute for the Environment, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 100 Europa Drive, Suite 490, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA. talgo@email.unc.edu.
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Talgo
authors.affiliation: Institute for the Environment, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 100 Europa Drive, Suite 490, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA. naess@unc.edu.
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Naess
authors.affiliation: Institute for the Environment, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 100 Europa Drive, Suite 490, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA. valenal@email.unc.edu.
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Valencia
authors.affiliation: Institute for the Environment, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 100 Europa Drive, Suite 490, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA. omary@email.unc.edu.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Omary
authors.affiliation: Institute for the Environment, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 100 Europa Drive, Suite 490, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA. Neda@dtu.dk.
authors.forename: Neil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.affiliation: Office of Transportation and Air Quality, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2000 Traverwood Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA. cook.rich@epa.gov.
authors.forename: Rich
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.affiliation: Institute for the Environment, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 100 Europa Drive, Suite 490, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA. ahanna@email.unc.edu.
authors.forename: Adel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hanna
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000032:analysis*; D002947:Cities; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008824:Michigan; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D001335:Vehicle Emissions