title: Effects of skin surface temperature on photoplethysmograph.
abstract: Photoplethysmograph (PPG) has been widely used to investigate various cardiovascular conditions. Previous studies demonstrated effects of temperature of the measurement environment; however, an integrated evaluation has not been established in environments with gradual air temperature variation. The purpose of this study is to investigate variations and relationships of blood pressure (BP), PPG and cardiovascular parameters such as heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO) and total peripheral resistance (TPR), by changing skin surface temperature (SST). Local mild cooling and heating was conducted on 16 healthy subjects. The results showed that local SST changes affected Finometer blood pressures (Finger BP), PPG components and TPR, but not the oscillometric blood pressure (Central BP), HR, SV and CO, and indicated that temperature must be maintained and monitored to reliably evaluate cardiovascular conditions in temperature-varying environments.
authors.affiliation: Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: In Cheol
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, Kangwon, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hyungro
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hyunjeong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Engineering, Eulji University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hojun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yeom
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D017156:Photoplethysmography / Q000379:methods*; D012867:Skin / Q000098:blood supply; D012881:Skin Temperature / Q000502:physiology*; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000502:physiology; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Photoplethysmography; cardiovascular status; local cooling and heating; skin surface temperature; vasoconstriction; vasodilation