title: Abdominal obesity can induce both systemic and follicular fluid oxidative stress independent from polycystic ovary syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The abdominal form of obesity is prevalent in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Visceral fat accumulation seems to play an important role in etiology of PCOS. In this cross-sectional study we evaluated the association of oxidative stress (OS) induced with PCOS and abdominal obesity in serum and follicular fluid (FF) of infertile women.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 80 women younger than 37 years old undergoing an IVF program were studied in the same period of time from September 2012 to October 2013. Blood serum and FF obtained from 40 women with PCOS (diagnosed by the Rotterdam 2004 criteria) and 40 women without PCOS undergoing IVF were evaluated for two OS markers: lipid peroxide (LPO) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), after puncture. The patients were divided into 4 groups on the basis of presence of PCOS and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) or abdominal obesity (OA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Healthy and PCOS women with abdominal obesity had significantly higher amounts of LPO in the serum and FF as compared with women without abdominal obesity. LPO concentration in FF was significantly lower than in serum and corroborates the hypothesis that the germinal cells have a potent antioxidant mechanism. We also found that LPO concentration in the PCOS group associated with AO had an increasing trend vs. those AO patients without PCOS but this difference was not significant, so the increase in LPO level was approximately independent of PCOS. Based on our results, the association and interaction between PCOS and AO can lead to TAC concentration reduction in patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Abdominal obesity can induce local and systemic oxidative stress in PCOS and non-PCOS patients. We suggest that PCOS-induced disorders are likely to be exacerbated in the presence of abdominal obesity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Embryology at Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Nahid
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nasiri
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Female Infertility at Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ashraf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moini
authors.affiliation: Department of Embryology at Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: eftekhari@royaninstitute.org.
authors.forename: Poopak
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Eftekhari-Yazdi
authors.affiliation: Department of Embryology at Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Leila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Karimian
authors.affiliation: Department of Andrology at Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Salman-Yazdi
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Female Infertility at Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zolfaghari
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Female Infertility at Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Arezoo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arabipoor
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015571:Follicular Fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000502:physiology*; D056128:Obesity, Abdominal / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism*; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants
keywords: Abdominal obesity; Lipid peroxidation; Oxidative stress; Polycystic ovary syndrome; Total antioxidant capacity