title: Reinstatement of distributed cortical oscillations occurs with precise spatiotemporal dynamics during successful memory retrieval.
abstract: Reinstatement of neural activity is hypothesized to underlie our ability to mentally travel back in time to recover the context of a previous experience. We used intracranial recordings to directly examine the precise spatiotemporal extent of neural reinstatement as 32 participants with electrodes placed for seizure monitoring performed a paired-associates episodic verbal memory task. By cueing recall, we were able to compare reinstatement during correct and incorrect trials, and found that successful retrieval occurs with reinstatement of a gradually changing neural signal present during encoding. We examined reinstatement in individual frequency bands and individual electrodes and found that neural reinstatement was largely mediated by temporal lobe theta and high-gamma frequencies. Leveraging the high temporal precision afforded by intracranial recordings, our data demonstrate that high-gamma activity associated with reinstatement preceded theta activity during encoding, but during retrieval this difference in timing between frequency bands was absent. Our results build upon previous studies to provide direct evidence that successful retrieval involves the reinstatement of a temporal context, and that such reinstatement occurs with precise spatiotemporal dynamics.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Computational Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218; and.
authors.forename: Robert B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Yaffe
authors.affiliation: Institute for Computational Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218; and.
authors.forename: Matthew S D
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kerr
authors.affiliation: Surgical Neurology Branch and.
authors.forename: Srikanth
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Damera
authors.affiliation: Institute for Computational Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218; and.
authors.forename: Sridevi V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Sarma
authors.affiliation: Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
authors.forename: Sara K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Inati
authors.affiliation: Surgical Neurology Branch and kareem.zaghloul@nih.gov.
authors.forename: Kareem A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Zaghloul
mesh_terms: D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory; D012640:Seizures / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009435:Synaptic Transmission
keywords: intracranial EEG; memory; oscillations; reinstatement