title: In vivo evaluation of periodontal microcirculatory changes associated with endodontic treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to investigate in vivo the gingival microcirculatory changes associated with endodontic treatment using the continuous wave of condensation technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty necrotic one canal roots of 20 cooperative patients of both sexes, aged between 20 and 43 years, were selected. All patients were examined by capillaroscopy before, immediately after endodontic treatment, and after 7 days. The last examination was carried out by the same operator, and repeated twice for each examined area: masticatory, buccal and labial mucosa corresponding to the endodontically treated root. All canals were prepared using a simultaneous technique with Ni-Ti files (MTwo files).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The images of the masticatory mucosa after root canal obturation showed evident micro-areas of extravasation, with significant bleeding and angio-morphological alterations due to heat. One hour after the endodontic treatment evident extravasation was observed, but a decrease of all altered parameters, was present. After seven days from treatment, in the periodontal tissues, a complete healing was observed. The in vivo evaluation of the vascular pattern during root canal obturation with System B showed that the high temperature in the canal determines visible effects on the vasculature of adjacent sites. It was found that microangiotectonic alterations decrease up to a complete healing after 7 days from treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All the changes in microcirculation, due to thermal shock of periodontal tissues, are reversible.
authors.affiliation: University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cumbo
authors.affiliation: University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cacioppo
authors.affiliation: University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gallina
authors.affiliation: University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Messina
authors.affiliation: University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.affiliation: University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Scardina
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000502:physiology; D002196:Capillaries / Q000473:pathology*; D003722:Dental Alloys / Q000737:chemistry; D003790:Dental Pulp Necrosis / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005881:Gingiva / Q000098:blood supply*; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020678:Microscopic Angioscopy / Q000379:methods; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000098:blood supply; D009532:Nickel / Q000737:chemistry; D012389:Root Canal Obturation / Q000379:methods; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D012390:Root Canal Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry; D014741:Video Recording / Q000379:methods; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003722:Dental Alloys; C040654:titanium nickelide; D009532:Nickel; D014025:Titanium