title: Synergistic effect of reductase and keratinase for facile synthesis of protein-coated gold nanoparticles.
abstract: We have synthesized gold nanoparticles (GNPs) using chicken feathers (poultry waste) and Bacillus subtilis RSE163. Disulfide reductase and keratinase produced by Bacillus subtilis during the degradation of chicken feather has been used to reduce Au(3+) from HAuCl4 precursor to produce gold nanoparticles. The synthesized biogenic GNPs were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and zeta potential measurements. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy indicated the presence of protein capping on synthesized GNPs, imparting multifunctionality to the GNP surface. Furthermore, the nontoxic nature of biogenic GNPs was insured by interaction with Escherichia coli (ATCC11103), where TEM images and enhancement of growth rate of E. coli in log phase signified their nontoxic nature. The results indicate that the synthesis of biocompatible GNPs using poultry waste may find potential applications in drug delivery and sensing.
authors.affiliation: Amity Institute of Microbial Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201303, U.P., India.
authors.forename: Sonali
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India.
authors.forename: Surinder P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Amity Institute of Microbial Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201303, U.P., India.
authors.forename: Rajni
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000201:enzymology; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D001709:Biotechnology; D002645:Chickens; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D005241:Feathers; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008422:Materials Testing; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D050296:Microbial Viability / Q000187:drug effects; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010316:Particle Size; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D062611:Solid Waste; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D062611:Solid Waste; D006046:Gold; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases; C035855:keratinase