title: Transcriptome Analysis of Early Responsive Genes in Rice during Magnaporthe oryzae Infection.
abstract: Rice blast disease caused by Magnaporthe oryzae is one of the most serious diseases of cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.) in most rice-growing regions of the world. In order to investigate early response genes in rice, we utilized the transcriptome analysis approach using a 300 K tilling microarray to rice leaves infected with compatible and incompatible M. oryzae strains. Prior to the microarray experiment, total RNA was validated by measuring the differential expression of rice defense-related marker genes (chitinase 2, barwin, PBZ1, and PR-10) by RT-PCR, and phytoalexins (sakuranetin and momilactone A) with HPLC. Microarray analysis revealed that 231 genes were up-regulated (>2 fold change, p < 0.05) in the incompatible interaction compared to the compatible one. Highly expressed genes were functionally characterized into metabolic processes and oxidation-reduction categories. The oxidative stress response was induced in both early and later infection stages. Biotic stress overview from MapMan analysis revealed that the phytohormone ethylene as well as signaling molecules jasmonic acid and salicylic acid is important for defense gene regulation. WRKY and Myb transcription factors were also involved in signal transduction processes. Additionally, receptor-like kinases were more likely associated with the defense response, and their expression patterns were validated by RT-PCR. Our results suggest that candidate genes, including receptor-like protein kinases, may play a key role in disease resistance against M. oryzae attack.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Microbe Interaction, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl-von-Linné-Weg 10, 50829 Köln, Germany.
authors.forename: Yiming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Bioscience, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 627-706, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Soon Jae
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Microbe Interaction, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl-von-Linné-Weg 10, 50829 Köln, Germany.
authors.forename: Jingni
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Fungal Genetic Resources and Center for Fungal Pathogenesis, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jaeyoung
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Fungal Genetic Resources and Center for Fungal Pathogenesis, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yong-Hwan
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratory for Biotechnology and Biochemistry (RLABB), GPO Box 13265, Kathmandu, Nepal ; GRADE Academy Pvt. Ltd., Adarsh Nagar-13, Main Road, Birgunj, Nepal.
authors.forename: Ganesh Kumar
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Agrawal
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biologically Active Compounds, Department of Biological Production, Akita Prefectural University, Akita 010-0195, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tamogami
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratory for Biotechnology and Biochemistry (RLABB), GPO Box 13265, Kathmandu, Nepal ; GRADE Academy Pvt. Ltd., Adarsh Nagar-13, Main Road, Birgunj, Nepal ; Organization for Educational Initiatives, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: Randeep
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rakwal
authors.affiliation: Molecular Breeding Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon 441-707, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang-Ryeol
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Molecular Breeding Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon 441-707, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Beom-Gi
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ki-Hong
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center/Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyu Young
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center/Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Gon
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Bioscience, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 627-706, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sun Tae
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Kim
keywords: Magnaporthe oryzae; MapMan analysis; defense response; rice; transcriptomics