title: Ultrasound assisted enzyme catalyzed degradation of Cetirizine dihydrochloride.
abstract: Cetirizine dihydrochloride, a pharmaceutical drug of the class antihistamines is frequently detected in wastewater samples. In the present work, the degradation of Cetirizine dihydrochloride is carried out using a novel technique of laccase enzyme as a catalyst under the influence of ultrasound irradiation. Effect of various process parameters such as enzyme loading, temperature, power, duty cycle, frequency and speed of agitation has been studied along with identification of the degradation intermediates. The maximum degradation of 91% is achieved at optimized experimental parameters such as 0.02% enzyme loading (w/v), 50°C temperature, power input of 100 W, 25 kHz frequency and 50% duty cycle with agitation speed of 200 rpm. It is observed that enzymatic degradation of Cetirizine dihydrochloride under the influence of ultrasound irradiation not only enhances the degradation but also reduces the time of degradation as compared to conventional enzymatic degradation technique.
authors.affiliation: Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India.
authors.forename: Rahul S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Sutar
authors.affiliation: Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India. Electronic address: vk.rathod@ictmumbai.edu.in.
authors.forename: Virendra K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Rathod
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002384:Catalysis; D017332:Cetirizine / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000379:methods*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D042845:Laccase / Q000378:metabolism; D015394:Molecular Structure; D013696:Temperature; D000069453:Ultrasonic Waves
chemical_list: D042845:Laccase; D017332:Cetirizine
keywords: Cetirizine dihydrochloride; Degradation; Laccase; Ultrasound irradiation