title: Identification and distribution of developing innate lymphoid cells in the fetal mouse intestine.
abstract: Fetal lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) cells are required for lymph node and Peyer's patch (PP) organogenesis, but where these specialized group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) develop remains unclear. Here, we identify extrahepatic arginase-1(+) Id2(+) fetal ILC precursors that express a transitional developmental phenotype (ftILCPs) and differentiate into ILC1s, ILC2s and ILC3s in vitro. These cells populate the intestine by embryonic day (E) 13.5 and, before PP organogenesis (E14.5-15), are broadly dispersed in the proximal gut, correlating with regions where PPs first develop. At E16.5, after PP development begins, ftILCPs accumulate at PP anlagen in a lymphotoxin-α-dependent manner. Thus, ftILCPs reside in the intestine during PP development, where they aggregate at PP anlagen after stromal cell activation and become a localized source of ILC populations.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Microbiology and Immunology and Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Bando
authors.affiliation: 1] Departments of Microbiology and Immunology and Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA. [2] Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
authors.forename: Hong-Erh
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: 1] Departments of Microbiology and Immunology and Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA. [2] Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
authors.forename: Richard M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Locksley
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001119:Arginase / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005333:Fetus / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000166:cytology* / Q000196:embryology* / Q000276:immunology; D008221:Lymphoid Tissue / Q000166:cytology* / Q000196:embryology* / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice
chemical_list: C544448:Arg1 protein, mouse; D001119:Arginase