title: [Long-term outcomes of percutaneous microwave ablation versus repeat hepatectomy for treatment of late recurrent small hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective study].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effectiveness of percutaneous microwave ablation with those of repeat hepatectomy in the treatment of late recurrent small hepatocellular carcinoma measuring ≤ 5 cm (interval of recurrence from initial hepatectomy was > 12 months).
  
  
  METHODS
  66 patients who underwent initial hepatectomy for primary liver cancer in April 1998 to December 2010, and subsequent initial recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma treated with percutaneous microwave ablation or repeat hepatectomy, were enrolled in the study. Among these patients 39 were treated with percutaneous microwave ablation and 27 were treated with repeat hepatectomy. Technique effectiveness was evaluated by means of contrast enhanced techniques one month after ablation. The overall survival and disease-free survival were evaluated by using the Kaplan-Meier method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The technique effectiveness rate determined one month after ablation was 94.9%. The 1, 3, and 5 year overall survival rates were 86.2%, 73.3%, and 62.2%, respectively, for the microwave ablation group and 96.2%, 76.9%, and 61.2%, respectively, for the repeat hepatectomy group (P = 0.471). The corresponding recurrence-free survival rates were 65.8%, 28.0%, and 14.0%, respectively, for the microwave ablation group and 66.7%, 50.7%, and 43.4%, respectively, for the repeat hepatectomy group (P = 0.323).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with late recurrent small hepatocellular carcinoma, Percutaneous microwave ablation was efficient, and showed similar long-term survival and recurrence-free survival compared with repeat hepatectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
authors.forename: Tingting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China. Email: Liky20006@126.com.
authors.forename: Kaiyan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
authors.forename: Hongchang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
authors.forename: Liying
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; D017115:Catheter Ablation; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D006498:Hepatectomy; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms; D008872:Microwaves; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome