title: TXNDC5, a newly discovered disulfide isomerase with a key role in cell physiology and pathology.
abstract: Thioredoxin domain-containing 5 (TXNDC5) is a member of the protein disulfide isomerase family, acting as a chaperone of endoplasmic reticulum under not fully characterized conditions As a result, TXNDC5 interacts with many cell proteins, contributing to their proper folding and correct formation of disulfide bonds through its thioredoxin domains. Moreover, it can also work as an electron transfer reaction, recovering the functional isoform of other protein disulfide isomerases, replacing reduced glutathione in its role. Finally, it also acts as a cellular adapter, interacting with the N-terminal domain of adiponectin receptor. As can be inferred from all these functions, TXNDC5 plays an important role in cell physiology; therefore, dysregulation of its expression is associated with oxidative stress, cell ageing and a large range of pathologies such as arthritis, cancer, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, vitiligo and virus infections. Its implication in all these important diseases has made TXNDC5 a susceptible biomarker or even a potential pharmacological target.
authors.affiliation: Grado de Biotecnología, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza E-50013, Spain. elenahornaterron@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Horna-Terrón
authors.affiliation: Grado de Biotecnología, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza E-50013, Spain. albertopradilladieste@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pradilla-Dieste
authors.affiliation: Grado de Biotecnología, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza E-50013, Spain. csanchezdg@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sánchez-de-Diego
authors.affiliation: Departamento Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza E-50013, Spain. josada@unizar.es.
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Osada
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D011485:Protein Binding; D019704:Protein Disulfide-Isomerases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014717:Vertigo / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D019704:Protein Disulfide-Isomerases; C480743:TXNDC5 protein, human