title: Compositional variability and antifungal potentials of ocimum basilicum, O. tenuiflorum, O. gratissimum and O. kilimandscharicum essential oils against Rhizoctonia solani and Choanephora cucurbitarum.
abstract: The composition of hydrodistilled essential oils of Ocimum basilicum L. (four chemovariants), O. tenuiflorum L., O. gratissimum L., and O. kilimandscharicum Guerke were analyzed and compared by using capillary gas chromatography (GC/FID) and GC-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Phenyl propanoids (upto 87.0%) and monoterpenoids (upto 83.3%) were prevalent constituents distributed in the studied Ocimum taxa. The major constituents of the four distinct chemovariants of O. basilicum were methyl chavicol (86.3%), methyl chavicol (61.5%)/linalool (28.6%), citral (65.9%); and linalool (36.1%)/citral (28.8%). Eugenol (66.5% and 78.0%) was the major constituent of O. tenuiflorum and O. gratissimum. Eugenol (34.0%), β-bisabolene (15.4%), (E)-α-bisabolene (10.9%), methyl chavicol (10.2%) and 1,8-cineole (8.2%) were the major constituents of O. kilimandscharicum. In order to explore the potential for industrial use, the extracted essential oils were assessed for their antifungal potential through poison food technique against two phytopathogens, Rhizoctonia solani and Choanephora cucurbitarum, which cause root and wet rot diseases in various crops. O. tenuiflorum, O. gratissimum, and O. kilimandscharicum exhibited complete growth inhibition against R. solani and C. cucurbitarum after 24 and 48 h of treatment. O. basilicum chemotypes showed variable levels of growth inhibition (63.0%-100%) against these two phytopathogens.
authors.forename: Rajendra C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Padalia
authors.forename: Ram S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Verma
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chauhan
authors.forename: Prakash
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Goswami
authors.forename: Chandan S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Chanotiya
authors.forename: Arvind
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saroj
authors.forename: Abdul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Samad
authors.forename: Abdul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khaliq
mesh_terms: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000081248:Allylbenzene Derivatives; D000840:Anisoles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003511:Cyclohexanols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077591:Eucalyptol; D000081222:Monocyclic Sesquiterpenes; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D031339:Ocimum / Q000737:chemistry*; D018649:Ocimum basilicum / Q000737:chemistry*; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012232:Rhizoctonia / Q000187:drug effects*; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000081248:Allylbenzene Derivatives; D000840:Anisoles; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D003511:Cyclohexanols; D000081222:Monocyclic Sesquiterpenes; D039821:Monoterpenes; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; C007633:estragole; C018584:linalool; D000077591:Eucalyptol; C531191:beta-bisabolene