title: Creep behavior of starch-based nanocomposite films with cellulose nanofibrils.
abstract: Nanocomposite films were successfully prepared by incorporating cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) from sugar beet pulp into plasticized starch (PS) at CNFs concentration of 5-20%. The storage (G') and loss (G″) moduli, creep and creep-recovery behavior of these films were studied. The creep behavior of these films at long time frame was studied using time-temperature superposition (TTS). The CNFs were uniformly distributed within these films up to 15% of CNFs. The PS-only and the PS/CNFs nanocomposite films exhibited dominant elastic behavior. The incorporation of CNFs increased both the G' and G″. The CNFs improved the creep resistance and reduced the creep recovery rate of the PS/CNFs nanocomposite films. TTS method was successfully used to predict the creep behavior of these films at longer time frame. Power law and Burgers model were capable (R(2)>0.98) of fitting experimental G' versus angular frequency and creep strain versus time data, respectively.
authors.affiliation: College of Engineering, National Energy R & D Center for Non-food Biomass, China Agricultural University, P. O. Box 50, 17 Qinghua Donglu, Beijing 100083, China.
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Engineering, National Energy R & D Center for Non-food Biomass, China Agricultural University, P. O. Box 50, 17 Qinghua Donglu, Beijing 100083, China. Electronic address: dongli@cau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China. Electronic address: wlj@cau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Li-Jun
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University, City Campus, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia.
authors.forename: Benu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Adhikari
keywords: Cellulose nanofibrils; Composite films; Creep behavior; Frequency sweep; Time-temperature superposition (TTS)