title: Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation in pregnancy differentially modulates arachidonic acid and DHA status across FADS genotypes in pregnancy.
abstract: Some FADS alleles are associated with lower DHA and ARA status assessed by the relative amount of arachidonic acid (ARA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in plasma and red blood cell (RBC) phospholipids (PL). We determined two FADS single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a cohort of pregnant women and examined the relationship of FADS1rs174533 and FADS2rs174575 to DHA and ARA status before and after supplementation with 600mg per day of DHA. The 205 pregnant women studied were randomly assigned to placebo (mixed soy and corn oil) (n=96) or 600mg algal DHA (n=109) in 3 capsules per day for the last two trimesters of pregnancy. Women homozygous for the minor allele of FADS1rs174533 (but not FADS2rs174575) had lower DHA and ARA status at baseline. At delivery, minor allele homozygotes of FADS1rs174533 in the placebo group had lower RBC-DHA compared to major-allele carriers (P=0.031), while in the DHA-supplemented group, all genotypes had higher DHA status compared to baseline (P=0.001) and status did not differ by genotype (P=0.941). Surprisingly, DHA but not the placebo decreased ARA status of minor allele homozygotes of both FADS SNPs but not major allele homozygotes at delivery. Any physiological effects of changing the DHA to ARA ratio by increasing DHA intake appears to be greater in minor allele homozygotes of some FADS SNPs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Scholtz
authors.affiliation: Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
authors.forename: E H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Kerling
authors.affiliation: Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Shaddy
authors.affiliation: Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Thodosoff
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Colombo
authors.affiliation: Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA. Electronic address: scarlson@kumc.edu.
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Carlson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000097:blood*; D000090943:Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011247:Pregnancy; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000090943:Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases; C533241:FADS2 protein, human
keywords: Arachidonic acid; Docosahexaenoic acid; FADS SNPs; Pregnancy