title: A wider view on gastric erosion: detailed evaluation of complex somatic and behavioral changes in rats treated with indomethacin at gastric ulcerogenic dose.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Gastric erosion is widespread side effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. To examine the complexity of the brain-gut axis regulation, indomethacin-induced gastric erosion formation was studied in connection with somatic and behavioral changes.
  
  
  METHODS
  During a constant telemetric recording of heart rate, body temperature, and locomotion of male rats we examined the effects of 24 h fasting, indomethacin (35 mg/kg s.c.) injection, and refeeding at 4 h. Behavior was analyzed on elevated plus maze (EPM) at 24 h and somatic changes at 72 h.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Gastric erosion developed 4 h after indomethacin injection, healed 72 h later contrasted by large injury in the small intestine. As classical signs of chronic stress, body and thymus weight were reduced while adrenal weight was enhanced 72 h after indomethacin injection. Fasting by itself changed all telemetrically recorded parameters with most prominent decrease in heart rate. Indomethacin induced similar diminishing effects with earliest and strongest temperature decrease. As a sign of more anxious phenotype locomotion reducing effect of indomethacin injection was detected on EPM. The EPM-induced temperature elevation was missing in indomethacin-treated animals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fasting by itself induce somatic changes, which can make the animals more vulnerable to ulcerogenic stimuli. Development of indomethacin-induced gastrointestinal lesions happened in parallel with disturbances of heart rate, core body temperature, and chronic stress-like somatic changes as well as anxiety-like behavior. We have to be more aware of the existence of the brain-gut axis and should study changes in the whole body rather than focusing on a specific organ. elevated plus maze.
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Filaretova
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Bagaeva
authors.forename: O Y
authors.initials: OY
authors.lastname: Morozova
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zelena
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000187:drug effects; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008124:Locomotion; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013270:Stomach / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D007213:Indomethacin