title: [Vesicular intracellular transport in the digestive organs. Membrane vesicle--the universal mechanism of the functional transport].
abstract: On the basis of long-term research of the morpho-functional characteristics of the cells of the stomach, small intestine and gallbladder the mechanism and function of membrane vesicles in the implementation of the main functions of these organs sets out in this article: the secretion of hydrochloric acid by parietal cells, the absorption of nutrients in the small intestine and the fluid at a concentration of bile epitheliocytes of gallbladder. Proofs of the intracellular formation of hydrochloric acid in tubulovesicles of the parietal cells and turnover of its secretory membranes in the process of secretory cycle, that has ensured the re-use and explained the extraordinary life of these unique cells are presented. The credible mechanism of HCl output oppression by H(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity blockers has set out on this basis. The article provides detailed endocytosis mechanism of the ions and nutrients absorption by enterocytes. The mechanism of participation of the apical contractile complex of brush border of epithelial cells in the initiation of endocytosis and cytoplasmic microtubules in transport of membrane vesicles in the cytoplasm was analyzed. Based on our research and numerous of the world scientific proceedings the conclusion was done about the existence of two energy dependent types of transport in the absorptive epithelium of the digestive--transmembrane (ionic and nutritive) homeostatic type which is realized by the ATP-system of the basal plasmalemma, and vesicular (endocytosis) type which is impltmented by apical contractile complex of brush border and cytoplasmic microtubules. Both types of transport are interrelated and are under constant cellular control. This observation is relevant to the majority of cells, including those involved in the secretion of various substances: hydrochloric acid by parietal cells, enzymes by main cells of the gastric glands and exocrinocytes of the pancreas, hormone by endocrine cells of the APUD system and, finally, mediators by nerve cells. To clarify the problem of cell transport two types: homeostatic and functional transport should be distinguished. The first type is carried out mainly in relation to ions on basolateral membrane with the help of its ATPase systems and provides intracellular homeostasis and nutritive co- transportation, the second (functional) type defines the basic specific function by means of membrane vesicles.
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Morozov
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001693:Biological Transport, Active / Q000502:physiology; D004064:Digestive System / Q000378:metabolism*; D004068:Digestive System Physiological Phenomena; D006801:Humans; D022161:Transport Vesicles / Q000502:physiology*