title: Proton magnetic resonance imaging using a nitrogen-vacancy spin sensor.
abstract: Magnetic resonance imaging, with its ability to provide three-dimensional, elementally selective imaging without radiation damage, has had a revolutionary impact in many fields, especially medicine and the neurosciences. Although challenging, its extension to the nanometre scale could provide a powerful new tool for the nanosciences, especially if it can provide a means for non-destructively visualizing the full three-dimensional morphology of complex nanostructures, including biomolecules. To achieve this potential, innovative new detection strategies are required to overcome the severe sensitivity limitations of conventional inductive detection techniques. One successful example is magnetic resonance force microscopy, which has demonstrated three-dimensional imaging of proton NMR with resolution on the order of 10 nm, but with the requirement of operating at cryogenic temperatures. Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centres in diamond offer an alternative detection strategy for nanoscale magnetic resonance imaging that is operable at room temperature. Here, we demonstrate two-dimensional imaging of (1)H NMR from a polymer test sample using a single NV centre in diamond as the sensor. The NV centre detects the oscillating magnetic field from precessing protons as the sample is scanned past the NV centre. A spatial resolution of ∼12 nm is shown, limited primarily by the scan resolution.
authors.affiliation: IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, San Jose, California 95120, USA.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rugar
authors.affiliation: IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, San Jose, California 95120, USA.
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Mamin
authors.affiliation: IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, San Jose, California 95120, USA.
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Sherwood
authors.affiliation: 1] IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, San Jose, California 95120, USA [2] Center for Probing the Nanoscale, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, San Jose, California 95120, USA.
authors.forename: C T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Rettner
authors.affiliation: Center for Spintronics and Quantum Computation, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohno
authors.affiliation: 1] Center for Spintronics and Quantum Computation, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA [2] Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Awschalom
mesh_terms: D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000737:chemistry*; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry*; D066244:Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
chemical_list: D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate; D009584:Nitrogen