title: Effector triggered manipulation of host immune response elicited by different pathotypes of Escherichia coli.
abstract: Effectors are virulence factors that are secreted by bacteria during an infection in order to subvert cellular processes or induce the surveillance system of the host. Pathogenic microorganisms encode effectors, toxins and components of secretion systems that inject the effectors to the host. Escherichia coli is part of the innocuous commensal microbial flora of the gastrointestinal tract. However, pathogenic E. coli can cause diarrheal and extraintestinal diseases. Pathogenic E. coli uses secretion systems to inject an array of effector proteins directly into the host cells. Herein, we discuss the effectors secreted by different pathotypes of E. coli and provide an overview of strategies employed by effectors to target the host cellular and subcellular processes as well as their role in triggering host immune response.
authors.affiliation: a Division of Infectious Diseases; Rhode Island Hospital; Alpert Medical School of Brown University; Providence, RI USA.
authors.forename: Elamparithi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jayamani
authors.forename: Eleftherios
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mylonakis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D054324:Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity; D054308:Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D015398:Signal Transduction; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D037521:Virulence Factors
keywords: AIEC; EHEC; EPEC; IBD; effectors; immunity; pathogenic E. coli; type secretion system; virulence