title: Biology of male fertility control: an overview of various male contraceptive approaches.
abstract: The population of our planet continues to grow at an alarming rate. If the growth continues at the present rate, the estimated current world population of about seven billion is expected to double in the next forty years. Accumulated data from surveys by the United Nations Population Control Division suggest that a majority of today's young men in many countries are willing to have fewer children than their parents did. However, the contraceptive options available to them have not changed in several decades. In spite of the general agreement that men, like women, must take full responsibility of their fertility, the availability of safe, reversible and affordable contraceptives for men have lagged behind because of the complexity of the science of the male reproductive system. Thus, the contraceptive needs of millions of men/couples go unmet every single day and results in millions of unwanted pregnancies. In this article, we intend to discuss new hormonal and non-hormonal contraceptive approaches that are at various stages of research and development and may someday provide new contraceptives for men. In addition, we intend to discuss many details of three safe, effective, affordable and reversible vas-based approaches that are inching closer to being approved for use by millions of men in multiple countries. Finally, our intention is to discuss the male contraceptive pill that will soon be available to men only in Indonesia. The availability of these male contraceptives will allow both men and women to take full control of their fertility and participate in slowing down the growth of world population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA - daulat.tulsiani@vanderbilt.edu.
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Tulsiani
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abou-Haila
mesh_terms: D003267:Contraception / Q000379:methods*; D003272:Contraceptive Agents, Male / Q000009:adverse effects; D005193:Family Planning Services / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011158:Population Growth; D011247:Pregnancy; D011275:Pregnancy, Unwanted; D012098:Reproduction / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D003272:Contraceptive Agents, Male