title: Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome associated with biologic therapy.
abstract: The use of biologics in the treatment of autoimmune disease, cancer, and other immune conditions has revolutionized medical care in these areas. However, there are drawbacks to the use of these medications including increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections. One unforeseen risk once opportunistic infection has occurred with biologic use is the onset of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) upon drug withdrawal. Although originally described in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy, it has become clear that IRIS may occur when recovery of immune function follows opportunistic infection in the setting of previous immune compromise/suppression. In this review, we draw attention to this potential pitfall on the use of biologic drugs.
authors.affiliation: Division of Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Malika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Kashif
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jafri
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sharim
authors.forename: Susanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Silverman
authors.forename: Sayantani B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Sindher
authors.forename: Anupama
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shahane
authors.forename: Mildred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kwan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000009:adverse effects; D001691:Biological Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D054019:Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome / Q000276:immunology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha