title: [Cross-cultural adaptation of the Mishel uncertainty in illness scale, in a population with chronic kidney disease treated with hemodialysis].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this article is to translate and adapt the Mishel uncertainty scale to the Spanish context.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study for transcultural adaptation and validation of the Mishel uncertainty scale. The study population were patients with chronic renal disease treated with hemodialysis. The original English version of the "Mishel uncertainty in illness scale" was translated into Spanish, then back-translated into English, and all the discrepancies were resolved after consulting with experts. A panel including 11 experts in renal care assessed this culturally adapted Spanish version, in order to score the content validity. It was administered to 116 patients in order to calculate the psychometric properties scale. Construct validity was calculated using factor analysis, and internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Relationships between variables related to the main theory were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Spanish version has 17 items, distributed in 2 dimensions: ambiguity and complexity. A content validity index average of 0.7 and a Cronbach's alpha 0.72. Statistically significant association was found between uncertainty, gender, educational level and disease relapse.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cross-cultural adaptation of the Mishel uncertainty in illness scale preserves equivalence with the original. Content validation identified most useful items for chronic renal patients. The multidimensional nature of the scale is reaffirmed. The association between uncertainty and the level of education is also confirmed.
authors.affiliation: Complejo Asistencial de Soria, Soria, España. Electronic address: clarajaen@yahoo.es.
authors.forename: Clara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Torres-Ortega
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, España.
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Peña-Amaro
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003466:Cultural Characteristics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014177:Translations; D035501:Uncertainty
keywords: Cuestionario; Diálisis renal; Enfermería; Estudios de validación; Incertidumbre; Nursing; Questionnaires; Renal Dialysis; Uncertainty; Validation studies