title: Wound healing in urology.
abstract: Wound healing is a dynamic and complex phenomenon of replacing devitalized tissues in the body. Urethral healing takes place in four phases namely inflammation, proliferation, maturation and remodelling, similar to dermal healing. However, the duration of each phase of wound healing in urology is extended for a longer period when compared to that of dermatology. An ideal wound dressing material removes exudate, creates a moist environment, offers protection from foreign substances and promotes tissue regeneration. A single wound dressing material shall not be sufficient to treat all kinds of wounds as each wound is distinct. This review includes the recent attempts to explore the hidden potential of growth factors, stem cells, siRNA, miRNA and drugs for promoting wound healing in urology. The review also discusses the different technologies used in hospitals to treat wounds in urology, which make use of innovative biomaterials synthesised in regenerative medicines like hydrogels, hydrocolloids, foams, films etc., incorporated with growth factors, drug molecules or nanoparticles. These include surgical zippers, laser tissue welding, negative pressure wound therapy, and hyperbaric oxygen treatment.
authors.affiliation: Université de Bretagne Sud, Laboratoire Ingénierie des Matériaux de Bretagne, BP 92116, 56321 Lorient Cedex, France; Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills PO, Kottayam 686 560, Kerala, India. Electronic address: neethuninan85@yahoo.co.in.
authors.forename: Neethu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ninan
authors.affiliation: Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills PO, Kottayam 686 560, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: Sabu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.affiliation: Université de Bretagne Sud, Laboratoire Ingénierie des Matériaux de Bretagne, BP 92116, 56321 Lorient Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Grohens
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D006931:Hyperbaric Oxygenation / Q000379:methods*; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000379:methods; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000494:pharmacology; D054843:Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy / Q000379:methods; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000494:pharmacology; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D014521:Urethra / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000601:surgery*; D014570:Urologic Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D035683:MicroRNAs; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering
keywords: Growth factors; Laser tissue welding; Negative pressure wound therapy; Stem cells; Urology; siRNA