title: Corporate influence and conflicts of interest: assessment of veterinary medical curricular changes and student perceptions.
abstract: The ethics document of the Association of American Veterinary Medical Colleges provides guiding principles for veterinary schools to develop conflict of interest policies. These policies regulate faculty and student interactions with industry, potentially reducing the influence companies have on students' perceptions and future prescribing practices. This paper examines the implementation of a conflict of interest policy and related instructional activities at one veterinary college in the US. To inform policy and curricular development, survey data were collected regarding veterinary students' attitudes toward pharmaceutical marketing, including their perceptions of their own susceptibility to bias in therapeutic decisions. Responses from this group of students later served as control data for assessing the effectiveness of educational programs in the content area. A conflict of interest policy was then implemented and presented to subsequent classes of entering students. Classroom instruction and relevant readings were provided on ethics, ethical decision making, corporate influences, and the issue of corporate influence in medical student training. Within seven days of completing a learning program on conflict of interest issues, another cohort of veterinary students (the treatment group) were administered the same survey that had been administered to the control group. When compared with the control group who received no instruction, survey results for the treatment group showed moderate shifts in opinion, with more students questioning the practice of industry-sponsored events and use of corporate funds to reduce tuition. However, many veterinary students in the treatment group still reported they would not be personally influenced by corporate gifts.
authors.forename: Kristy L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Dowers
authors.forename: Regina M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Schoenfeld-Tacher
authors.forename: Peter W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Hellyer
authors.forename: Lori R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Kogan
mesh_terms: D001290:Attitude; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003120:Colorado; D016265:Conflict of Interest; D003479:Curriculum; D004520:Education, Veterinary / Q000941:ethics*; D013337:Students, Medical / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: conflict of interest; ethics; gifts; marketing; pharmaceutical industry; program policies