title: Verification of gene expression profiles for colorectal cancer using 12 internet public microarray datasets.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To verify gene expression profiles for colorectal cancer using 12 internet public microarray datasets.
  
  
  METHODS
  Logistic regression analysis was performed, and odds ratios for each gene were determined between colorectal cancer (CRC) and controls. Twelve public microarray datasets of GSE 4107, 4183, 8671, 9348, 10961, 13067, 13294, 13471, 14333, 15960, 17538, and 18105, which included 519 cases of adenocarcinoma and 88 normal mucosa controls, were pooled and used to verify 17 selective genes from 3 published studies and estimate the external generality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We validated the 17 CRC-associated genes from studies by Chang et al (Model 1: 5 genes), Marshall et al (Model 2: 7 genes) and Han et al (Model 3: 5 genes) and performed the multivariate logistic regression analysis using the pooled 12 public microarray datasets as well as the external validation. The goodness-of-fit test of Hosmer-Lemeshow (H-L) showed statistical significance (P = 0.044) for Model 2 of Marshall et al in which observed event rates did not match expected event rates in subgroups of the model population. Expected and observed event rates in subgroups were similar, which are called well calibrated, in Models 1, 3 and 4 with non-significant P values of 0.460, 0.194 and 1.000 for H-L tests, respectively. A 7-gene model of CPEB4, EIF2S3, MGC20553, MS4A1, ANXA3, TNFAIP6 and IL2RB was pairwise selected, which showed the best results in logistic regression analysis (H-L P = 1.000, R (2) = 0.951, areas under the curve = 0.999, accuracy = 0.968, specificity = 0.966 and sensitivity = 0.994).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A novel gene expression profile was associated with CRC and can potentially be applied to blood-based detection assays.
authors.affiliation: Yu-Tien Chang, Chi-Ming Chu, Yun-Wen Shih, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Tien
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Yu-Tien Chang, Chi-Ming Chu, Yun-Wen Shih, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chung-Tay
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Yu-Tien Chang, Chi-Ming Chu, Yun-Wen Shih, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Sui-Lung
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Yu-Tien Chang, Chi-Ming Chu, Yun-Wen Shih, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Ching
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.affiliation: Yu-Tien Chang, Chi-Ming Chu, Yun-Wen Shih, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chi-Ming
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.affiliation: Yu-Tien Chang, Chi-Ming Chu, Yun-Wen Shih, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chi-Shuan
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Yu-Tien Chang, Chi-Ming Chu, Yun-Wen Shih, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Harn-Jing
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Terng
authors.affiliation: Yu-Tien Chang, Chi-Ming Chu, Yun-Wen Shih, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsiu-Ling
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.affiliation: Yu-Tien Chang, Chi-Ming Chu, Yun-Wen Shih, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wetter
authors.affiliation: Yu-Tien Chang, Chi-Ming Chu, Yun-Wen Shih, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kang-Hua
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Yu-Tien Chang, Chi-Ming Chu, Yun-Wen Shih, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chi-Wen
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Yu-Tien Chang, Chi-Ming Chu, Yun-Wen Shih, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yun-Wen
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Shih
authors.affiliation: Yu-Tien Chang, Chi-Ming Chu, Yun-Wen Shih, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ching-Huang
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lai
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D030541:Databases, Genetic; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D016015:Logistic Models; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor
keywords: Colorectal cancer; Gene Expression Omnibus; Gene Expression Omnibus series; Gene expression profiles; Microarray