title: Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction and its correlation with CD4 count in newly-diagnosed HIV-positive adults--a cross-sectional study.
abstract: Prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism in HIV-positive patients is reported to be high in those with severe immune deficiency. However, there is paucity of literature in newly-diagnosed HIV-positive population. Our aim was to estimate the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction and study its correlation with CD4 count in this population. In this cross-sectional study, patients presenting to the antiretroviral therapy clinic were screened with thyroid function tests, including thyroid stimulating hormone, free triiodothyronine, free thyroxine, and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody levels at the time of diagnosis. Two hundred and twenty-five HIV-positive and an equal number of healthy volunteers were enrolled. The mean (SD) CD4 count in the study group was 147.1 (84) and 70.7% had advanced immune deficiency with CD4 count <200 cells/µL. The overall prevalence of thyroid dysfunction was 75.5% in the study group and 16% in the control group. Subclinical hypothyroidism was the commonest abnormality noted in almost 53%. Significant correlation was observed between CD4 count and thyroid stimulating hormone, free triiodothyronine, and free thyroxine levels (r = -0.86, r = 0.77, and r = 0.84, respectively, p < 0.0001 for all). The present study demonstrated high prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in HIV-positive patients. The dysfunction is subclinical in most cases and correlates well with declining CD4 counts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, ESIC Medical College, Faridabad, India devnishant@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Nishanth
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dev
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, PGIMER, Dr RML Hospital, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Ratnakar
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sahoo
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, PGIMER, Dr RML Hospital, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Bindu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kulshreshtha
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, PGIMER, Dr RML Hospital, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Gadpayle
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, PGIMER, Dr RML Hospital, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Sharma
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D006980:Hyperthyroidism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D013959:Thyroid Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013960:Thyroid Function Tests; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000097:blood*; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000097:blood; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D013963:Thyroid Hormones; D014284:Triiodothyronine; D013972:Thyrotropin; D013974:Thyroxine
keywords: AIDS; CD4 count; HIV; T3; T4; anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody; endocrine; free thyroxine; free triiodothyronine; thyroid; thyroid stimulating hormone