title: Capacity planning for maternal-fetal medicine using discrete event simulation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Maternal-fetal medicine is a rapidly growing field requiring collaboration from many subspecialties. We provide an evidence-based estimate of capacity needs for our clinic, as well as demonstrate how simulation can aid in capacity planning in similar environments.
  
  
  METHODS
  A Discrete Event Simulation of the Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment and Special Delivery Unit at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia was designed and validated. This model was then used to determine the time until demand overwhelms inpatient bed availability under increasing capacity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant deviation was found between historical inpatient censuses and simulated censuses for the validation phase (p = 0.889). Prospectively increasing capacity was found to delay time to balk (the inability of the center to provide bed space for a patient in need of admission). With current capacity, the model predicts mean time to balk of 276 days. Adding three beds delays mean time to first balk to 762 days; an additional six beds to 1,335 days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Providing sufficient access is a patient safety issue, and good planning is crucial for targeting infrastructure investments appropriately. Computer-simulated analysis can provide an evidence base for both medical and administrative decision making in a complex clinical environment.
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Nicole M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Ferraro
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Courtney B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Reamer
authors.affiliation: Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Thomas A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.affiliation: Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Lori J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Howell
authors.affiliation: Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Julie S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Moldenhauer
authors.affiliation: Office of Safety and Medical Operations, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Theodore Eugene
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Day
mesh_terms: D003198:Computer Simulation; D003695:Delivery of Health Care; D006742:Hospital Bed Capacity / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D015233:Models, Statistical