title: Cyclin D1 and Ki-67 expression in normal, hyperplastic and neoplastic endometrium.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Proliferation and differentiation of cancer cells are regulated by various cell cycle promoting and inhibiting factors. Our knowledge about these proteins and mechanisms regulating cell cycle progression has increased dramatically in recent years.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present study was undertaken to examine the expression profile of cell cycle regulatory proteins in normal proliferative endometrium, hyperplasias (simple, complex and atypical) and endometrial carcinoma in a quantitative approach as also to assess correlations of Cyclin D1 expression with Ki-67 a proliferation marker.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective case control study in a tertiary referral centre.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated and compared the expression profile of Cyclin D1 and Ki-67 expressions in 61 endometrial samples submitted as either endometrial curetting or hysterectomy specimens, which were diagnosed as simple hyperplasia (n=11), complex hyperplasia (n=13), atypical hyperplasia (n=7), and endometrial carcinoma (n=20).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was increased expression of Cyclin D1 and Ki-67 in patients with endometrial carcinoma relative to proliferative endometrium and simple hyperplasia, but there was no such difference between cases of atypical hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma. Cyclin D1 expression had a positive correlation with Ki-67 expression. Cyclin D1 together with Ki-67 may be a marker for endometrial carcinogenesis and tumor cell proliferation.
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Shevra
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kumar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers; D018269:Carcinoma, Endometrioid / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002455:Cell Division / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D004714:Endometrial Hyperplasia / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D004717:Endometrium / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D019938:Cyclin D1