title: Polylactide-co-glycolide nanoparticles of antitubercular drugs: formulation, characterization and biodistribution studies.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The present study was designed to prepare and characterize poly lactide-co-glycolide nanoparticles of antitubercular drugs (ATDs) for delivery through oral route to alveolar macrophages.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nanoparticles were prepared by double emulsification solvent evaporation method. Ex vivo and in vivo drug accumulation studies were performed in alveolar macrophages, harvested by broncheoalveolar lavaging. Internalization of nanoparticles was studied by confocal laser scanning microscopy. γ-scintigraphy imaging using technetium-99m was done to study the biodistribution pattern of nanoparticles.
  
  
  RESULTS
  High intracellular concentrations of ATDs were observed in macrophages within 30 min of administration of nanoparticles. Intense radioactivity recorded in liver, spleen and lungs revealed uptake of nanoparticles in macrophages, abundantly present in mononuclear phagocyte system present in these organs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Targeted delivery of ATDs will help reduce dose and associated side effects including hepatotoxicity of ATDs. Further studies are required to assess the potential therapeutic advantages for treatment of TB.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP 221 005, India.
authors.forename: Ruchi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chawla
authors.forename: Harshendra S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Solanki
authors.forename: Subhash Chand
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Kheruka
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gambhir
authors.forename: Veeresh
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dube
authors.forename: Lalit M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Aggarwal
authors.forename: Brahmeshwar
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mishra
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D011098:Polyglactin 910 / Q000737:chemistry*; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D051381:Rats; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D004337:Drug Carriers; D011098:Polyglactin 910