title: Epithelium-Specific ETS (ESE)-1 upregulated GP73 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Golgi protein-73 (GP73) is a Golgi transmembrane glycoprotein elevated in numerous liver diseases. Clinically, GP73 is strongly elevated in the serum of HCC patients and is thus regarded as a novel potential biomarker for HCC. However, the mechanism leading to GP73 dysregulation in liver diseases remains unknown.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This study determined that epithelium-specific ETS (ESE)-1, an epithelium-specific transcription factor, and GP73 expressions were induced by IL-1β stimulation in vitro, and both were triggered during liver inflammation in vivo. In hepatocellular carcinoma cells, the overexpression of ESE-1 induced GP73 expression, whereas its knock-down did the opposite. Mechanistically, ESE-1 activated GP73 expression by directly binding to its promoter.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings supported a novel paradigm for ESE-1 as a transcriptional mediator of GP73. This study provided a possible mechanism for GP73 upregulation in liver diseases.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530 China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530 China.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Long
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530 China ; Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Röntgenstraße 20, 48149 Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530 China.
authors.forename: Longbo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Guangzhou Overseas Chinese Hospital, Guangzhou, 510630 China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Division of Immunology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215 USA.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Oettgen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530 China ; Guangzhou Hoffmann Institute of Immunology, College of Basic Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510182 China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Peng
keywords: ESE-1; GOLM1; GOLPH2; GP73; HCC; Liver inflammation