title: Paired related homeobox 1 is associated with the invasive properties of glioblastoma cells.
abstract: Glioblastoma is a highly proliferative and invasive tumor. Despite extensive efforts to develop treatments for glioblastoma, the currently available therapies have only limited effects. To develop novel strategies for glioblastoma treatment, it is crucial to elucidate the molecular mechanisms that promote the invasive properties of glioblastoma. In the present study, we showed that the paired related homeobox 1 (PRRX1) is associated with glioblastoma cell invasion. The depletion of PRRX1 suppressed the invasion and neurosphere formation of glioblastoma cells. Conversely, the exogenous expression of PRRX1 promoted invasion. The Notch signaling pathway, which is an evolutionarily conserved pathway that is essential for developmental processes, plays an important role in the tumorigenesis of glioblastoma. The expression of PRRX1 induced the activation of Notch signaling, and the inhibition of Notch signaling suppressed PRRX1-mediated cell invasion. Our results indicate that activation of Notch signaling by PRRX1 is associated with the promotion of glioblastoma cell invasion.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
authors.forename: Mai
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
authors.forename: Hitoki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
authors.forename: Kosuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wakabayashi
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
authors.forename: Michinari
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hamaguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Natsume
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Senga
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000473:pathology*; D064593:Heterografts; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology*; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D051880:Receptors, Notch / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; C082157:PRRX1 protein, human; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D051880:Receptors, Notch