title: Synaptic plasticity and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis: implications for multiple sclerosis.
abstract: Structural and functional neuronal plasticity could play a crucial role during the course of multiple sclerosis (MS). The immune system and the central nervous system (CNS) strictly interact in physiologic conditions and during inflammation to modulate neuroplasticity and in particular the ability of the synapses to undergo long-term changes in the efficacy of synaptic transmission, such as long-term potentiation (LTP). During MS, neuro-inflammation might deeply influence the ability of neuronal networks to express physiologic plasticity, reducing the plastic reserve of the brain, with a negative impact on symptoms progression and cognitive performances. In this manuscript we review the evidence on synaptic plasticity alterations in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the most diffuse and widely utilized experimental model of MS, together with their potential underlying mechanisms and clinical relevance. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI: Brain and Memory.
authors.affiliation: Clinica Neurologica, Dipartimento di Medicina, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy. Electronic address: massimiliano.difilippo@unipg.it.
authors.forename: Massimiliano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Di Filippo
authors.affiliation: Clinica Neurologica, Dipartimento di Medicina, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Iure
authors.affiliation: Clinica Neurologica, Dipartimento di Medicina, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Durante
authors.affiliation: Clinica Neurologica, Dipartimento di Medicina, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gaetani
authors.affiliation: Clinica Neurologica, Dipartimento di Medicina, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mancini
authors.affiliation: Clinica Neurologica, Dipartimento di Medicina, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sarchielli
authors.affiliation: Clinica Neurologica, Dipartimento di Medicina, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy; IRCCS Fondazione S Lucia, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Calabresi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004681:Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D017774:Long-Term Potentiation; D036881:Long-Term Synaptic Depression / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000503:physiopathology*
keywords: EAE; LTD; LTP; Multiple sclerosis; Synaptic plasticity