title: Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle injection for local control of recurrent non-small cell lung cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is an established technique for the diagnosis of thoracic malignancies. Non-ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle injection has been used previously to deliver chemotherapeutic agents.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To use endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle injection (EBUS-TBNI) to achieve local control of recurrent early-stage lung cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 63-year-old man presented with recurrent early stage non-small cell lung carcinoma after chemotherapy and external beam radiation. We used EBUS-TBNI to deliver cisplatin into the tumor located outside the airway. This procedure was performed on three separate occasions without complication.
  
  
  RESULTS
  EBUS-TBNI resulted in resolution of fluorodeoxyglucose avidity, measured by positron emission tomography-computed tomography, in the region at 4 weeks. However, at 5 months, there was evidence of distal recurrence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first description of EBUS-TBNI to treat local recurrence of lung cancer and one of the first reports of the use of EBUS for intratumoral therapy. Additional research is warranted to determine the clinical usefulness and safety of this therapeutic approach.
authors.affiliation: 1 Division of Hematology/Oncology.
authors.forename: Farrah
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Anker
authors.forename: Garth
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Garrison
authors.forename: C Matthew
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Kinsey
mesh_terms: D001999:Bronchoscopy; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D061765:Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000175:diagnosis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging / Q000379:methods*