title: Association between polymorphisms in genes involved in lipid metabolism and immunological status in chronically HIV-infected patients.
abstract: Several studies have reported associations between lipid parameters and clinical progression of HIV infection. We performed a cross-sectional study including 468 antiretroviral-treated HIV-infected patients to investigate the impact of 13 polymorphisms of 9 genes affecting lipid metabolism and CD4 and CD8-T cell levels. Polymorphisms were identified in genes selected for their role in the development of atherogenic dyslipidemia, defined as triglycerides ⩾1.7mmol/L and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) <1.02 in women or 1.28mmol/L in men. Lipid and lipoprotein parameters were determined in all participants, as well as CD4 and CD8 T-cell counts. ANOVA was performed to compare the mean values of lipid and CD4 and CD8 T-cell count data. A Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons was applied. 468 patients were included, 148 of them had a diagnosis of atherogenic dyslipidemia. The polymorphism rs3135506 in APOA5 was associated with a 9% increase in triglycerides (p=0.002), 10% and 21% decrease in HDLc (p=0.005), and CD4 T-cell count (p=0.024), respectively. APOA5 rs662799, was associated with a 19% increase in CD8 T-cell count (p=0.002). Carriers of LPL rs328 in the dyslipidemic group presented 11% higher levels of HDLc (p=0.015) and 14% higher levels of CD4 cells (p=0.038). In conclusion, polymorphisms in genes associated to the development of atherogenic dyslipidemia, especially variants in APOA5 gene (rs3135506 and rs662799), can influence the circulating CD4 T-cell levels in chronically HIV-infected patients. These data support previous reports on the effect of lipid metabolism on immunologic parameters in HIV+ individuals on antiretroviral therapy.
authors.affiliation: Lluita contra la SIDA Foundation, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Electronic address: pecheverria@flsida.org.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Echeverria
authors.affiliation: Unitat de Recerca en Lípids i Arteriosclerosi, CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Institut d' Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
authors.forename: Montse
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guardiola
authors.affiliation: Unitat de Recerca en Lípids i Arteriosclerosi, CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Institut d' Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: González
authors.affiliation: Unitat de Recerca en Lípids i Arteriosclerosi, CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Institut d' Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
authors.forename: Joan Carles
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Vallvé
authors.affiliation: Lluita contra la SIDA Foundation, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bonjoch
authors.affiliation: Lluita contra la SIDA Foundation, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Puig
authors.affiliation: Lluita contra la SIDA Foundation, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; AIDS Research Institute - IrsiCaixa, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Catalonia, Spain; Universitat de VIC - Universitat Central de Catalunya, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: Bonaventura
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Clotet
authors.affiliation: Unitat de Recerca en Lípids i Arteriosclerosi, CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Institut d' Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
authors.forename: Josep
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ribalta
authors.affiliation: Lluita contra la SIDA Foundation, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Universitat de VIC - Universitat Central de Catalunya, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: Eugènia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Negredo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000072040:Apolipoprotein A-V; D001054:Apolipoproteins A / Q000235:genetics; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000821:virology; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000235:genetics*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C437704:APOA5 protein, human; D000072040:Apolipoprotein A-V; D001054:Apolipoproteins A; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008055:Lipids; D008074:Lipoproteins; D014280:Triglycerides
keywords: CD4 T-cell count; Dyslipidemia; Genetic variants; HIV infection; Immunological status; Lipid metabolism