title: Task dependent lexicality effects support interactive models of reading: a meta-analytic neuroimaging review.
abstract: Models of reading must explain how orthographic input activates a phonological representation, and elicits the retrieval of word meaning from semantic memory. Comparisons between tasks that theoretically differ with respect to the degree to which they rely on connections between orthographic, phonological and semantic systems during reading can thus provide valuable insight into models of reading, but such direct comparisons are not well-represented in the literature. An ALE meta-analysis explored lexicality effects directly contrasting words and pseudowords using the lexical decision task and overt or covert naming, which we assume rely most on the semantic and phonological systems, respectively. Interactions between task and lexicality effects demonstrate that different demands of the lexical decision and naming tasks lead to different manifestations of lexicality effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Communications Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, USA; Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, USA. Electronic address: cpmcnorg@buffalo.edu.
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: McNorgan
authors.affiliation: Department of Communications Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chabal
authors.affiliation: Department of Communications Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: O'Young
authors.affiliation: Department of Communications Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, USA.
authors.forename: Sladjana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lukic
authors.affiliation: Department of Communications Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, USA; Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, The University of Texas at Austin, USA. Electronic address: j-booth@austin.utexas.edu.
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Booth
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008959:Models, Neurological; D010700:Phonetics; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D011932:Reading; D012660:Semantics
keywords: Activation likelihood estimate; Lexical decision; Naming; Parallel distributed processing; Psycholinguistics; fMRI