title: Surface modification of titanium with hydroxyapatite-heparin-BMP-2 enhances the efficacy of bone formation and osseointegration in vitro and in vivo.
abstract: Surface-modified titanium (Ti) samples with hydroxyapatite (HAp) and heparin (Hep)-bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) complex (Ti/HAp/Hep/BMP-2) were prepared, and their efficacies on the enhancements of bone formation and osseointegration in vitro and in vivo were examined as compared to Ti/HAp and Ti/Hep/BMP-2. The modified surfaces were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and contact angle goniometry. In vitro studies revealed that MG-63 human osteosarcoma cell lines grown on Ti/HAp/Hep/BMP-2 increased the amounts of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium deposition and the levels of OCN mRNA gene expression as compared to those grown on Ti/HAp, Ti/Hep/BMP-2 or pristine Ti. Moreover, Ti/HAp/Hep/BMP-2 exhibited higher bone volume (BV), bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV), removal torque value and bone-implant contact (BIC) than Ti/HAp, Ti/Hep/BMP-2 or pristine Ti in vivo. Histological evaluations showed that many desirable features of bone remodelling existed at the interface between Ti/HAp/Hep/BMP-2 and the host bone. Consequently, Ti/HAp/Hep/BMP-2 may have potential for clinical use as dental or orthopaedic implants.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cell and Tissue Engineering, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dae Hyeok
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Deok-Won
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yong-Dae
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cell and Tissue Engineering, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.|Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Joo
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cell and Tissue Engineering, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.|Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Heung Jae
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Chun
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Korea Bone Bank Co. Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ju Woong
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Department of BIN Fusion Technology, Department of Polymer Nanoscience and Technology and Polymer BIN Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Deokjin, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Gilson
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Khang
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001846:Bone Development; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry*; D006493:Heparin / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D016348:Osseointegration; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000235:genetics; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D011817:Rabbits; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: C525718:BMP2 protein, human; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D015675:Osteocalcin; D006493:Heparin; D017886:Durapatite; D014025:Titanium; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase
keywords: bone formation; bone morphogenetic protein-2; hydroxyapatite; in vitro; in vivo; osseointegration; surface-modified titanium