title: Long-term survival rates after resection for locally advanced kidney cancer: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center 1989 to 2012 experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We analyzed the 23-year Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center experience with surgical resection, and concurrent adrenalectomy and lymphadenectomy for locally advanced nonmetastatic renal cell carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed the records of 802 patients who underwent nephrectomy with or without concurrent adrenalectomy or lymphadenectomy for locally advanced renal cell carcinoma, defined as stage T3 or greater and M0. Patients who received adjuvant treatment within 3 months of surgery or had fewer than 3 months of followup or bilateral renal masses at presentation were excluded from analysis. Five and 10-year progression-free and overall survival was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Differences between groups were analyzed by the log rank test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 596 (74%) and 206 patients (26%) underwent radical and partial nephrectomy, respectively. Renal cell carcinoma progressed in 189 patients and 104 died of the disease. Median followup in patients without progression was 4.6 years. Symptoms at presentation, ASA(®) classification, tumor stage, histological subtype, grade and lymph node status were significantly associated with progression-free and overall survival. On multivariate analysis adrenalectomy use decreased with time but lymphadenectomy use increased (OR 0.82 vs 1.16 per year). Larger tumors were associated with a higher likelihood of concurrent adrenalectomy and lymphadenectomy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our series of patients with locally advanced nonmetastatic renal cell carcinoma survival was favorable in those in good health who were asymptomatic at presentation with T3 tumors and negative lymph nodes. Further, there has been a trend toward more selective use of adrenalectomy and increased use of lymphadenectomy.
authors.affiliation: Urology Service, Department of Surgery (WMB, MAF, MB, PR), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (DDS, AM), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Genitourinary Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology (RJM), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Urology, Cork University Hospital, University College Cork (MFO), Cork, Ireland; Urology Service, Morristown Surgical Associates (TJ), Morristown, New Jersey; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah and Huntsman Cancer Institute (WL), Salt Lake City, Utah.
authors.forename: Wassim M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Bazzi
authors.affiliation: Urology Service, Department of Surgery (WMB, MAF, MB, PR), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (DDS, AM), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Genitourinary Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology (RJM), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Urology, Cork University Hospital, University College Cork (MFO), Cork, Ireland; Urology Service, Morristown Surgical Associates (TJ), Morristown, New Jersey; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah and Huntsman Cancer Institute (WL), Salt Lake City, Utah.
authors.forename: Daniel D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Sjoberg
authors.affiliation: Urology Service, Department of Surgery (WMB, MAF, MB, PR), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (DDS, AM), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Genitourinary Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology (RJM), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Urology, Cork University Hospital, University College Cork (MFO), Cork, Ireland; Urology Service, Morristown Surgical Associates (TJ), Morristown, New Jersey; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah and Huntsman Cancer Institute (WL), Salt Lake City, Utah.
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Feuerstein
authors.affiliation: Urology Service, Department of Surgery (WMB, MAF, MB, PR), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (DDS, AM), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Genitourinary Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology (RJM), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Urology, Cork University Hospital, University College Cork (MFO), Cork, Ireland; Urology Service, Morristown Surgical Associates (TJ), Morristown, New Jersey; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah and Huntsman Cancer Institute (WL), Salt Lake City, Utah.
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maschino
authors.affiliation: Urology Service, Department of Surgery (WMB, MAF, MB, PR), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (DDS, AM), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Genitourinary Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology (RJM), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Urology, Cork University Hospital, University College Cork (MFO), Cork, Ireland; Urology Service, Morristown Surgical Associates (TJ), Morristown, New Jersey; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah and Huntsman Cancer Institute (WL), Salt Lake City, Utah.
authors.forename: Sweeney
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Verma
authors.affiliation: Urology Service, Department of Surgery (WMB, MAF, MB, PR), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (DDS, AM), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Genitourinary Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology (RJM), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Urology, Cork University Hospital, University College Cork (MFO), Cork, Ireland; Urology Service, Morristown Surgical Associates (TJ), Morristown, New Jersey; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah and Huntsman Cancer Institute (WL), Salt Lake City, Utah.
authors.forename: Melanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bernstein
authors.affiliation: Urology Service, Department of Surgery (WMB, MAF, MB, PR), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (DDS, AM), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Genitourinary Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology (RJM), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Urology, Cork University Hospital, University College Cork (MFO), Cork, Ireland; Urology Service, Morristown Surgical Associates (TJ), Morristown, New Jersey; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah and Huntsman Cancer Institute (WL), Salt Lake City, Utah.
authors.forename: Matthew F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: O'Brien
authors.affiliation: Urology Service, Department of Surgery (WMB, MAF, MB, PR), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (DDS, AM), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Genitourinary Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology (RJM), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Urology, Cork University Hospital, University College Cork (MFO), Cork, Ireland; Urology Service, Morristown Surgical Associates (TJ), Morristown, New Jersey; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah and Huntsman Cancer Institute (WL), Salt Lake City, Utah.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Urology Service, Department of Surgery (WMB, MAF, MB, PR), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (DDS, AM), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Genitourinary Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology (RJM), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Urology, Cork University Hospital, University College Cork (MFO), Cork, Ireland; Urology Service, Morristown Surgical Associates (TJ), Morristown, New Jersey; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah and Huntsman Cancer Institute (WL), Salt Lake City, Utah.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lowrance
authors.affiliation: Urology Service, Department of Surgery (WMB, MAF, MB, PR), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (DDS, AM), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Genitourinary Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology (RJM), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Urology, Cork University Hospital, University College Cork (MFO), Cork, Ireland; Urology Service, Morristown Surgical Associates (TJ), Morristown, New Jersey; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah and Huntsman Cancer Institute (WL), Salt Lake City, Utah.
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Motzer
authors.affiliation: Urology Service, Department of Surgery (WMB, MAF, MB, PR), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (DDS, AM), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Genitourinary Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology (RJM), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Urology, Cork University Hospital, University College Cork (MFO), Cork, Ireland; Urology Service, Morristown Surgical Associates (TJ), Morristown, New Jersey; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah and Huntsman Cancer Institute (WL), Salt Lake City, Utah. Electronic address: russop@mskcc.org.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Russo
mesh_terms: D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D000315:Adrenalectomy; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009392:Nephrectomy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: adrenal glands; carcinoma; kidney; lymph nodes; nephrectomy; renal cell