title: Interlaboratory assessment of cryomilling sample preparation for residue analysis.
abstract: The effectiveness of the comminution approach used for bulk field samples limits the size of the subsample that must be extracted and analyzed to ensure an adequately representative and reproducible measurement. In many cases this subsample size restricts the residue method to the use of larger vessel formats, limiting downstream throughput. The introduction of a secondary fine-milling step to this process using a subsample size already known to be representative can further improve sample homogeneity and allow direct method scaling to small high-throughput formats. Dramatic increases in method throughput can then be achieved through the simultaneous processing of numerous samples in parallel. This approach was evaluated across a diverse grouping of crop matrices using two substantially different pesticide types. Both fortified and field-collected samples demonstrated a high degree of precision and reproducibility across laboratories. Additional benefits of this approach include significant reductions in cost and solvent waste generation, as well as improvements in assay quality and transferability.
authors.affiliation: †Monsanto Company, 800 North Lindbergh Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63167, United States.
authors.forename: Leah S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Riter
authors.affiliation: §Dow AgroSciences, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States.
authors.forename: Kari J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Lynn
authors.affiliation: †Monsanto Company, 800 North Lindbergh Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63167, United States.
authors.forename: Chad E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Wujcik
authors.affiliation: §Dow AgroSciences, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States.
authors.forename: Lisa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Buchholz
mesh_terms: D053000:Analytic Sample Preparation Methods / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000737:chemistry*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D007753:Laboratories / Q000592:standards*; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D015983:Selection Bias
chemical_list: D010573:Pesticide Residues
keywords: cryomilling; high-throughput; homogeneity; pesticide residue; sample processing