title: Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem high-resolution mass spectrometry study of tricyclazole photodegradation products in water.
abstract: This paper reports the study of the photodegradation reactions that tricyclazole can naturally undergo, under the action of sunlight, in aqueous solutions of standard tricyclazole and of the commercial BEAM(TM) formulation. The analyses are carried out by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography technique coupled with high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry. Analysis of both tricyclazole and BEAM(TM) water solutions undergone to hydrolysis does not evidence new chromatographic peaks with respect to the not treated solutions. On the contrary, analysis of the same samples subjected to sunlight irradiation shows a decreased intensity of tricyclazole signal and the presence of new chromatographic peaks. Two photodegradation products of tricyclazole have been identified, one of which has been also quantified, being the commercial standard available. The pattern is similar for the solutions of the standard fungicide and of the BEAM(TM) formulation. The results obtained from eco-toxicological tests show that toxicity of tricyclazole standard solutions is greater than that of the irradiated ones, whereas toxicity levels of all the BEAM(TM) solutions investigated (non-irradiated, irradiated, and hydrolyzed) are comparable and lower than those shown by tricyclazole standard solutions. Experiments performed in paddy water solution show that there is no difference in the degradation products formed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Science and Technological Innovation, University of Piemonte Orientale, viale T. Michel 11, 15121, Alessandria, Italy, fabio.gosetti@unipmn.it.
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gosetti
authors.forename: Ugo
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Chiuminatto
authors.forename: Eleonora
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mazzucco
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mastroianni
authors.forename: Bianca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bolfi
authors.forename: Emilio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marengo
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000737:chemistry; D006868:Hydrolysis; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D010782:Photolysis; D012996:Solutions; D013472:Sunlight; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000737:chemistry*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D012996:Solutions; D013844:Thiazoles; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D014867:Water; C041191:tricyclazole