title: The effect of IL-4 gene polymorphisms on cytokine production in patients with chronic periodontitis and in healthy controls.
abstract: Chronic periodontitis (CP) is an inflammatory disease of the teeth-supporting tissues in which genetic predisposition, dental plaque bacteria, and immune mechanisms all play important roles. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of IL-4 gene polymorphisms in chronic periodontitis and to investigate the association between polymorphisms and cytokines production after bacterial stimulation. Sixty-two subjects (47 CP patients and 15 healthy controls) with detected two polymorphisms in the IL-4 gene (-590C/T and intron 3 VNTR) were examined. Production of cytokines (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, TNFα, INFγ, and VEGF) was studied after in vitro stimulation of isolated peripheral blood by mitogens (Pokeweed mitogen, Concanavalin A), dental plaque bacteria (Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Tannerella forsythia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Prevotella intermedia), and Heat Shock Protein (HSP) 70 by the Luminex multiplex cytokine analysis system. The results were correlated with IL-4 genotypes in patients with CP and healthy controls. The mononuclear cells isolated from peripheral blood of CP patients with selected IL-4 polymorphisms significantly altered the production of IFNγ, IL-10, IL-1β, IL-1α, TNFα, and IL-6 after stimulation by HSP 70 or selected bacteria (from P < 0.001 to P < 0.05). IL-4 gene polymorphisms may influence the function of mononuclear cells to produce not only interleukin-4 but also other cytokines, especially in patients with CP.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical and Experimental Dental Medicine, General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Karlovo nam. 554/32, 12808 Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jirina
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bartova
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 65691 Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Petra Borilova
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0953-3615
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Linhartova
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical and Experimental Dental Medicine, General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Karlovo nam. 554/32, 12808 Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Stepan
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1029-2671
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Podzimek
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical and Experimental Dental Medicine, General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Karlovo nam. 554/32, 12808 Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Tatjana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Janatova
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical and Experimental Dental Medicine, General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Karlovo nam. 554/32, 12808 Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Kazi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Svobodova
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and St. Anne's University Hospital, 65691 Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Antonin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fassmann
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical and Experimental Dental Medicine, General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Karlovo nam. 554/32, 12808 Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jana
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5926-173X
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Duskova
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biophysics and Informatics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 12108 Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jaromir
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Belacek
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 65691 Brno, Czech Republic ; Clinic of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and St. Anne's University Hospital, 65691 Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Lydie Izakovicova
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7610-8929
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Holla
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016976:Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002908:Chronic Disease; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System; D007249:Inflammation; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008934:Mitogens / Q000737:chemistry; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000378:metabolism*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis; D018713:Prevotella intermedia; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; C508598:IL4 protein, human; D008934:Mitogens; D015847:Interleukin-4