title: Wilderness Medical Society practice guidelines for the prevention and treatment of heat-related illness: 2014 update.
abstract: The Wilderness Medical Society (WMS) convened an expert panel to develop a set of evidence-based guidelines for the recognition, prevention, and treatment of heat illness. We present a review of the classifications, pathophysiology, and evidence-based guidelines for planning and preventive measures as well as best practice recommendations for both field and hospital-based therapeutic management of heat illness. These recommendations are graded on the basis of the quality of supporting evidence, and balance between the benefits and risks or burdens for each modality. This is an updated version of the original WMS Practice Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Heat-Related Illness published in Wilderness & Environmental Medicine 2013;24(4):351-361.
authors.affiliation: Division of Emergency Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (Dr Lipman). Electronic address: grantlip@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Grant S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Lipman
authors.affiliation: Division of Emergency Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital/Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO (Dr Eifling).
authors.forename: Kurt P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Eifling
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Spartanburg Regional Healthcare System, Spartanburg, SC (Dr Eifling).
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ellis
authors.affiliation: Division of Emergency Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY (Dr Gaudio).
authors.forename: Flavio G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Gaudio
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH (Dr Otten).
authors.forename: Edward M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Otten
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Intermountain Medical Center and the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (Dr Grissom).
authors.forename: Colin K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Grissom
mesh_terms: D018882:Heat Stress Disorders / Q000145:classification / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D012955:Societies, Medical; D055813:Wilderness Medicine / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards
keywords: heat illness; heat stroke; prevention; recognition; treatment