title: Effect of Insertion Method and Postinsertion Time Interval Prior to Force Application on the Removal Torque of Orthodontic Miniscrews.
abstract: Success of orthodontic miniscrews in providing stable anchorage is dependent on their stability. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of insertion method and postinsertion time interval on the removal torque of miniscrews as an indicator of their stability.
  
  
  
  Seventy-two miniscrews (Jeil Medical) were inserted into the femoral bones of three male German Shepherd dogs and assigned to nine groups of eight miniscrews. Three insertion methods, including hand-driven, motor-driven with 5.0-Ncm insertion torque, and motor-driven with 20.0-Ncm insertion torque, were tested. Three time intervals of 0, 2, and 6 weeks between miniscrew insertion and removal were tested as well. Removal torque values were measured in newton centimeters by a removal torque tester (IMADA). Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the Bonferroni post hoc test at a .05 level of significance.
  
  
  
  A miniscrew survival rate of 93% was observed in this study. The highest mean value of removal torque among the three postinsertion intervals (2.4 ± 0.59 Ncm) was obtained immediately after miniscrew insertion with a statistically significant difference from the other two time intervals (P < .001). Insertion were observed in this regard (P = .46).
  
  
  
  The stability of miniscrews was not affected by the insertion method. However, of the postinsertion time intervals, the highest removal torque values were obtained immediately after insertion.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sharifi
authors.forename: Amirreza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghassemi
authors.forename: Shahin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bayani
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001863:Bone Screws; D017268:Dental Prosthesis Retention / Q000592:standards*; D020878:Device Removal / Q000379:methods*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004285:Dogs; D005269:Femur / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008904:Miniaturization; D052280:Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors; D019415:Torque