title: En face imaging of the choroid in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy using swept-source optical coherence tomography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To define morphologic features of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) using en face images from swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS OCT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 10 eyes from 6 patients with PCV and 10 eyes from 5 age-matched normal subjects. All subjects were prospectively scanned with a prototype SS OCT system. A motion correction algorithm was applied to correct and merge scans into a single volumetric dataset. En face images were generated at intervals of 4.13 μm (1 pixel) relative to the Bruch membrane.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Age ± standard deviation for the normal group was 62.4 (±12.1) years and for the PCV group was 68.3 (±5.2) years. En face SS OCT imaging of PCV eyes demonstrated the relationship between larger pigment epithelial detachments (PEDs) and small adjoining PEDs that correlated with the polypoidal lesions seen on indocyanine green angiography in all PCV eyes. En face SS OCT demonstrated choroidal vascular abnormalities in 7 out of 7 eyes with PCV, and in 2 out of 3 enrolled fellow eyes in patients with unilateral PCV. Out of 7 PCV eyes, focal choroidal vascular dilation was noted in 3 eyes and diffuse choroidal vascular dilation was noted in 1 eye. In addition, a branching vascular network was noted above the Bruch membrane in 1 eye, below the Bruch membrane within the choriocapillaris in 1 eye, and in the larger choroidal vascular layer in 1 eye.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  En face SS OCT provides an in vivo tool to visualize the pathologic features and the choroidal vasculature in PCV.
authors.affiliation: New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Tarek
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Alasil
authors.affiliation: New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ferrara
authors.affiliation: New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Mehreen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Adhi
authors.affiliation: New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Erika
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brewer
authors.affiliation: Pattern Recognition Lab and School of Advanced Optical Technologies, University Erlangen Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany; Departments of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Martin F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Kraus
authors.affiliation: New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Caroline R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Baumal
authors.affiliation: Pattern Recognition Lab and School of Advanced Optical Technologies, University Erlangen Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hornegger
authors.affiliation: Departments of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: James G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.affiliation: New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Andre J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Witkin
authors.affiliation: New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Elias
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Reichel
authors.affiliation: New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Jay S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Duker
authors.affiliation: New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts. Electronic address: nadiakwaheed@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Nadia K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Waheed
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002829:Choroid / Q000473:pathology*; D020256:Choroidal Neovascularization / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D006801:Humans; D007208:Indocyanine Green; D008875:Middle Aged; D011127:Polyps / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D055213:Retinal Pigment Epithelium / Q000473:pathology*; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D004396:Coloring Agents; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D007208:Indocyanine Green