title: A practical guide to the use of thiopurines in oral medicine.
abstract: Thiopurines are widely used as first-line immunosuppressive therapies in the management of chronic inflammatory oral disease. However, despite over half a century of clinical experience, the evidence base for their use is limited. The aims of this paper were to review the evidence for the use of thiopurines in oral medicine and provide a contemporary model of thiopurine metabolism and mechanism of action and a rationale for clinical use and safe practice.
authors.affiliation: Oral Medicine, King's College London Dental Institute, London, UK.
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Hullah
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology, Guy's & St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London, UK.
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Blaker
authors.affiliation: Purine Research Laboratory, Viapath, Guy's & St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London, UK.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Marinaki
authors.affiliation: Oral Medicine, King's College London Dental Institute, London, UK.
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Escudier
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology, Guy's & St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London, UK.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Sanderson
mesh_terms: D001379:Azathioprine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015122:Mercaptopurine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013866:Thioguanine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D015122:Mercaptopurine; D013866:Thioguanine; D001379:Azathioprine
keywords: azathioprine; oral diseases; oral medicine; thiopurines