title: Hepatitis B vaccination and associated oral manifestations: a non-systematic review of literature and case reports.
abstract: Hepatitis B vaccine has been administered in children and adults routinely to reduce the incidence of the disease. Even though, hepatitis B vaccine is considered as highly safe, some adverse reactions have been reported. A literature search was carried out in PubMed, accessed via the National Library of Medicine PubMed interface, searching used the following keywords: Hepatitis B vaccine and complications from 1980 to 2014. A total of 1147 articles were obtained out of which articles, which discuss the complications occurring orally or occurring elsewhere in the body, which have the potential to manifest orally after hepatitis B vaccination were selected. A total of 82 articles were identified which included 58 case series or case reports, 15 review articles, 4 cross sectional studies, 3 prospective cohort studies, one retrospective cohort study and a case control study. After reviewing the literature, we observed that complications seen after Hepatitis B vaccination are sudden infant death syndrome, multiple sclerosis, chronic fatigue syndrome, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, vasculititis optic neuritis, anaphylaxis, systemic lupus erytymatosus, lichen planus and neuro-muscular disorder. Of these complications, some are manifested orally or have the potential to manifest orally. Although, most of the complications are self-limiting, some are very serious conditions, which require hospitalization with immediate medical attention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Maxillofacial Sciences, Alfarabi College of Dentistry and Nursing, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tarakji
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Maxillofacial Sciences, Alfarabi College of Dentistry and Nursing, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ashok
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, King Saud University, Alfarabi College of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Alakeel
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Maxillofacial Sciences, Alfarabi College of Dentistry and Nursing, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Sn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Azzeghaibi
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Maxillofacial Sciences, Alfarabi College of Dentistry and Nursing, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Umair
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Maxillofacial Sciences, Alfarabi College of Dentistry and Nursing, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Darwish
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry Sciences, Alfarabi College of Dentistry and Nursing, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Rs
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mahmoud
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry Sciences, Alfarabi College of Dentistry and Nursing, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Elkhatat
keywords: Complications; Hepatitis B vaccine; Oral; Vaccination