title: Discriminant capacity of acoustic, perceptual, and vocal self: the effects of vocal demands.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the discrimination ability of acoustic, auditory parameters, and perception of vocal effort during professional and social voice use, and the correlations of these parameters with the vocal demands.
  
  
  METHODS
  Longitudinal study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-three subjects participated in the study: 31 females aged from 28 to 65 years (G1; professional voice users) and 42 females aged from 31 to 59 years (G2, social voice users; ). All the subjects were subjected to acoustic voice analysis including F0 median, semiamplitude interquartile, quantile 99.5%, and skewness; first F0 derivate mean, standard deviation (SD), and skewness; intensity skewness; spectral slope mean, SD, and skewness; long-term average spectrum-frequency SD, perceptual parameters (GRBASI scale), and self-perception of vocal effort, before and after 2 hours and 30 minutes of voice use. Statistical analyses were completed via multivariate discriminant analysis and canonical correlation analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Discriminant analysis of acoustic, perceptual, and self-rating variables and analysis of the grouped parameters did not differentiate the samples before and after vocal use. Higher levels of canonical correlation were found for the professional voice group after voice use, with a correlation between perceptual analysis and acoustic measures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The current measures could not discriminate the differences of the type of vocal demands, professional or social.
authors.affiliation: Department of Speech-language Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Electronic address: anacgama@medicina.ufmg.br.
authors.forename: Ana Cristina
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Côrtes Gama
authors.affiliation: Integrated Laboratory on Acoustic Analysis and Cognition, Postgraduate Studies Program in Applied Linguistics and Language Studies of the Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Zuleica
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Camargo
authors.affiliation: Otorhinolaryngology Service of Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marco Aurélio
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rocha Santos
authors.affiliation: Department of Quantitative Methods, Faculty of Economics and Administration of the Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luiz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Carlos Rusilo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D055154:Dysphonia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012649:Self Concept; D013018:Sound Spectrography; D013061:Speech Acoustics; D013067:Speech Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D014831:Voice / Q000502:physiology*; D014833:Voice Quality / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Dysphonia; Faculty; Language and hearing sciences; Speech; Speech acoustics; Voice