title: Osteoinductive fibrous scaffolds of biopolymer/mesoporous bioactive glass nanocarriers with excellent bioactivity and long-term delivery of osteogenic drug.
abstract: Designing scaffolds with bioactive composition and long-term drug delivery capacity is a promising method to improve the therapeutic efficacy in bone regeneration. Herein, electrospun fibrous scaffolds of polycaprolactone-gelatin incorporating mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (mBGn) were proposed to be excellent matrix platforms for bone tissue engineering. In particular, the mBGn were loaded with osteogenic drug Dexamethasone (DEX) to elicit additional therapeutic potential. The mBGn-added fiber scaffolds demonstrated excellent properties, including improved mechanical tensile strength, elasticity, and hydrophilicity compared to pure biopolymer matrix. The scaffolds could release substantial amounts of calcium and silicate ions. The loading of DEX onto mBGn was as high as 63%, that is, 0.63 mg DEX loaded per 1 mg of mBGn, demonstrating an effective nanodepot role of the mBGn. The release of DEX from the mBGn-added fiber scaffolds was highly sustainable, profiling an almost linear release kinetics up to the test period of 28 days, after a rapid initial release of ∼30% within 24 h. The proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of stem cells derived from periodontal ligament were significantly improved by the mBGn incorporation and synergistically stimulated with DEX loading, as confirmed by both direct and indirect cultures. The effects on bone regeneration in vivo, as analyzed by microcomputed tomography and histological stains in a rat calvarium model over 6 weeks, were substantial with the mBGn incorporation and even better with DEX loading, evidencing the osteogenic effects of the drug-eluting nanocomposite fiber scaffolds in bone formation. The current scaffolds with bone-bioactive composition and drug delivery capacity may be potentially useful for bone regeneration as novel osteogenic matrices.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University , Cheonan 330-714, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: El-Fiqi
authors.forename: Joong-Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hae-Won
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D001704:Biopolymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D016062:Porosity; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000295:instrumentation*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001704:Biopolymers; D004337:Drug Carriers; C009753:fiberglass; D003907:Dexamethasone
keywords: bioactive glass; bone regeneration; dexamethasone; drug delivery; mesoporous nanoparticles; therapeutic scaffolds