title: New ways to successfully target tumor vasculature in ovarian cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this article was to review the recent literature on potential therapeutic strategies for overcoming resistance to antivascular endothelial growth factor drugs in ovarian cancer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although clinical benefits of antivascular endothelial growth factor therapy were observed in ovarian cancer treatment trials, this use yielded only modest improvement in progression-free survival and, with the exception of cediranib, no effect on overall survival. Adaptive resistance and escape from antiangiogenesis therapy is likely a multifactorial process, including induction of hypoxia, vascular modulators, and immune response. New drugs targeting the tumor vasculature or other components of the surrounding microenvironment have shown promising results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When to start and end antiangiogenesis therapy and the choice of optimal treatment combinations remain controversial. Further evaluation of personalized novel angiogenesis-based therapy is warranted. Defining the critical interaction of these agents and pathways and the appropriate predictive markers will become an increasingly important objective for effective treatment.
authors.affiliation: aDepartment of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine bDepartment of Cancer Biology cCenter for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs dDepartment of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA *Xiaoyun Yang and Fangrong Shen contributed equally to the writing of the article.
authors.forename: Xiaoyun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Fangrong
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Coleman
authors.forename: Anil K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Sood
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000188:drug therapy; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D000068258:Bevacizumab