title: Immunosuppressive mediators of oral squamous cell carcinoma in tumour samples and saliva.
abstract: The goal of this study was to compare the salivary concentrations of IL-10, TGF-β1 and soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G) in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) to those in healthy individuals (control group), and to correlate the expression of these mediators in saliva with that in the tumour microenvironment. Neoplastic tissue and saliva samples from patients with OSCC (n=22) were analysed by immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) respectively. We detected high expression of IL-10 and HLA-G in the tumour microenvironment when compared to healthy oral mucosa samples. Determination of IL-10 salivary concentration enabled us to distinguish patients with OSCC from healthy individuals (P=0.038), which showed correlation with tissue expression of this cytokine. HLA-G salivary release was similar in both groups (P=0.17) and no correlation with tumour expression was observed. TGF-β1 expression was low or absent in tumours, and salivary concentration was similar between groups. Our results suggest that of the three markers analysed, IL-10 is a potential salivary biomarker. Furthermore, the elevated expression of HLA-G and IL-10 in tumour sites could favour the escape of tumour cells from immune defense mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology (Oral Pathology), Dental School, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil. Electronic address: andreia.sg.odonto@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Andréia Souza
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology (Oral Pathology), Dental School, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil. Electronic address: diegoantonio_arantes@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Diego Antonio Costa
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Arantes
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Electronic address: bernardesvf@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Vanessa Fátima
authors.initials: VF
authors.lastname: Bernardes
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, Dental School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Electronic address: filipejaeger@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Filipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jaeger
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, Dental School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Electronic address: janinesilva@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Janine Mayra
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, Dental School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Electronic address: tarcilia@odonto.ufmg.br.
authors.forename: Tarcília Aparecida
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, Dental School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Electronic address: cassiafa@ufmg.br.
authors.forename: Maria Cássia Ferreira
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Aguiar
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology (Oral Pathology), Dental School, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil. Electronic address: ali.caba@uol.com.br.
authors.forename: Aline Carvalho
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Batista
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D059951:HLA-G Antigens / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000737:chemistry; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D019139:Tumor Escape / Q000235:genetics; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D059951:HLA-G Antigens; C508609:IL10 protein, human; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D016753:Interleukin-10
keywords: HLA-G; IL-10; Oral squamous cell carcinoma; Saliva; TGF-β1