title: Hereditary and common familial colorectal cancer: evidence for colorectal screening.
abstract: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most common cancer among men and women. Between 3 and 6% of all CRCs are attributed to well-defined inherited syndromes, including Lynch syndrome, familial adenomatous polyposis, MUTYH-associated polyposis and several hamartomatous conditions. Up to 30% of CRC cases exhibit common familial risk, likely related to a combination of inherited factors and environment. Identification of these patients through family history and appropriate genetic testing can provide estimates of cancer risk that inform appropriate cancer screening, surveillance and/or preventative interventions. This article examines the colon cancer syndromes, their genetic basis, clinical management and evidence supporting colorectal screening. It also deals with the category of common (non-syndromic) familial risk including risk determination and screening guidelines.
authors.affiliation: High Risk GI Cancers Program, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA, jewel.samadder@hsc.utah.edu.
authors.forename: N Jewel
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Samadder
authors.forename: Kory
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jasperson
authors.forename: Randall W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Burt
mesh_terms: D011125:Adenomatous Polyposis Coli / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D003123:Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D045647:DNA Glycosylases / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008403:Mass Screening; D010580:Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D045647:DNA Glycosylases; C061738:mutY adenine glycosylase