title: Biomechanical evaluation of three fixation modalities for preperitoneal inguinal hernia repair: a 24-hour postoperative study in pigs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Tacks and sutures ensure a strong fixation of meshes, but they can be associated with pain and discomfort. Less invasive methods are now available. Three fixation modalities were compared: the ProGrip™ laparoscopic self-fixating mesh; the fibrin glue Tisseel™ with Bard™ Soft Mesh; and the SorbaFix™ absorbable fixation system with Bard™ Soft Mesh.
  
  
  METHODS
  Meshes (6 cm ×6 cm) were implanted in the preperitoneal space of swine. Samples were explanted 24 hours after surgery. Centered defects were created, and samples (either ten or eleven per fixation type) were loaded in a pressure chamber. For each sample, the pressure, the mesh displacement through the defect, and the measurements of the contact area were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At all pressures tested, the ProGrip™ laparoscopic self-fixating mesh both exhibited a significantly lower displacement through the defect and retained a significantly higher percentage of its initial contact area than either the Bard™ Soft Mesh with Tisseel™ system or the Bard™ Soft Mesh with SorbaFix™ absorbable fixation system. Dislocations occurred with the Bard™ Soft Mesh with Tisseel™ system and with the Bard™ Soft Mesh with SorbaFix™ absorbable fixation system at physiological pressure (,225 mmHg). No dislocation was recorded for the ProGrip™ laparoscopic self-fixating mesh.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  At 24 hours after implantation, the mechanical fixation of the ProGrip™ laparoscopic self-fixating mesh was found to be significantly better than the fixation of the Tisseel™ system or the SorbaFix™ absorbable fixation system.
authors.affiliation: Covidien-Surgical Solutions, Research and Development, Trévoux, France.
authors.forename: Gaëtan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Guérin
authors.affiliation: Covidien-Surgical Solutions, Research and Development, Trévoux, France.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Bourges
authors.affiliation: Covidien-Surgical Solutions, Research and Development, Trévoux, France.
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Turquier
keywords: ProGrip™ laparoscopic self-fixating mesh; fixation; hernia; mesh