title: Role of Th1/Th2 cytokines in serum on the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis C and the outcome of interferon therapy.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of T-helper cell (Th)1/Th2 cytokines in the chronicity of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and the outcome of interferon (IFN) alpha therapy. A total of 30 patients with chronic hepatitis C were enrolled in the study. The levels of Th1/Th2 cytokines were determined. The differentiation of HCV genotypes was determined by direct sequencing. HCV RNA loads were detected by fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). In chronic hepatitis C, the levels of interleukin (IL)-2 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β significantly decreased, and IL-5 and IL-18 levels increased compared with normal controls. The IL-6 serum levels were directly proportional to the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, and were inversely proportional to the HCV RNA loading levels. Patients with severe hepatitis C had higher levels of IL-4, IL-6, and IL-1β compared to milder cases. Patients with genotype 1 showed higher serum levels of IL-6 than those with genotype 2. The levels of IL-2 and IL-18 showed a decreasing tendency, whereas TGF-β, IL-6, and IL-1β showed an increasing tendency over time. There was no difference in any cytokines detected between the response and nonresponse groups before IFN therapy. However, the IFN-y level increased after IFN therapy in the response group. There was no correlation between the Th1/Th2 cytokine levels in the serum before IFN treatment and in the outcome of IFN therapy. Increasing IFN-y levels in the serum induced by IFN treatment is associated with systemic vascular resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Sheng Jing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China xiaoguangdoucn@163.com.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: C Q
authors.initials: CQ
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Sheng Jing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Sheng Jing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: X G
authors.initials: XG
authors.lastname: Dou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D005838:Genotype; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D020382:Interleukin-18 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D015848:Interleukin-5 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000821:virology; D058408:Th1-Th2 Balance / Q000187:drug effects*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000821:virology; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D019562:Viral Load / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; C508598:IL4 protein, human; C508599:IL5 protein, human; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D020382:Interleukin-18; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D007376:Interleukin-2; D015848:Interleukin-5; D015850:Interleukin-6; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D015847:Interleukin-4; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; C417083:peginterferon alfa-2b