title: Is the BPRS-5 subscale of the psychotic depression assessment scale a reliable screening tool for psychotic depression?: Results from the CRESCEND study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The detection of psychotic depression (PD) among patients with depressive disorders is important for both treatment and monitoring. Therefore, in continuation of our previous work, this study aimed to test the ability of the five-item Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS-5) of the Psychotic Depression Assessment Scale (PDAS) in separating patients with psychotic depression from those with non-psychotic depression (non-PD) and to compare this discriminative validity to that of other item sets.
  
  
  METHODS
  A receiver operating characteristics curve was used to identify the optimal cut-off score of the BPRS-5 subscale for sensitive and specific distinction between PD and non-PD in a sample of 494 patients with depressive disorders (53 with PD and 441 with non-PD).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using an optimal cut-off score of 1, the sensitivity and the specificity of the BPRS-5 subscale in detecting PD were 71.2% and 87.2%, respectively. The BPRS-5 outperformed other item sets of the PDAS and the positive symptom subscale of the BPRS in identifying patients with PD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The inter-rater reliability of the PDAS and the BPRS-5 subscale was not evaluated in this study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The BPRS-5 subscale can be regarded as a more sensitive screening method for PD compared to other item sets from the PDAS and the BPRS. Hence, from a screening perspective, a positive score on any of the five symptoms of the BPRS-5 subscale (hallucinatory behavior, unusual thought content, suspiciousness, blunted affect, and emotional withdrawal) is indicative of PD, and should lead to more thorough diagnostic assessment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Yong-In Mental Hospital, Yongin, Republic of Korea; Institute of Mental Health, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: cogito-ergo-sum@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: Seon-Cheol
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Research Department P, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPsych), Denmark. Electronic address: SOEOES@rm.dk.
authors.forename: Søren Dinesen
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Østergaard
authors.affiliation: Institute of Mental Health, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University, Guri Hospital, Guri, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: jchoi@hanyang.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Joonho
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University School of Medicine, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: jmkim@chonnam.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Jae-Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: tyjun@catholic.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Tae-Youn
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Jun
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: leeminso@korea.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Min-Soo
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: kim1159@dsmc.or.kr.
authors.forename: Jung-Bum
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: y1693@catholic.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Hyeon-Woo
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Yim
authors.affiliation: Institute of Mental Health, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University, Guri Hospital, Guri, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: hypyc@hanyang.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Yong Chon
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology*; D010054:Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology*; D012372:ROC Curve; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
keywords: Diagnostic assessment; Five-item Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS-5); Psychotic Depression Assessment Scale (PDAS); Psychotic depression (PD)