title: High performance multi-core iron oxide nanoparticles for magnetic hyperthermia: microwave synthesis, and the role of core-to-core interactions.
abstract: The adoption of magnetic hyperthermia as either a stand-alone or adjunct therapy for cancer is still far from being optimised due to the variable performance found in many iron oxide nanoparticle systems, including commercially available formulations. Herein, we present a reproducible and potentially scalable microwave-based method to make stable citric acid coated multi-core iron oxide nanoparticles, with exceptional magnetic heating parameters, viz. intrinsic loss parameters (ILPs) of up to 4.1 nH m(2) kg(-1), 35% better than the best commercial equivalents. We also probe the core-to-core magnetic interactions in the particles via remanence-derived Henkel and ΔM plots. These reveal a monotonic dependence of the ILP on the magnetic interaction field Hint, and show that the interactions are demagnetising in nature, and act to hinder the magnetic heating mechanism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK. ntk.thanh@ucl.ac.uk.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Blanco-Andujar
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ortega
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Southern
authors.forename: Q A
authors.initials: QA
authors.lastname: Pankhurst
authors.forename: N T K
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Thanh
mesh_terms: D019343:Citric Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced; D060526:Magnetic Fields; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D008872:Microwaves; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D019343:Citric Acid; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide