title: [Risk factors related to surgical site infection in elective surgery].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The risk factors for surgical site infections in surgery should be measured and monitored from admission to 30 days after the surgical procedure, because 30% of Surgical Site Infection is detected when the patient was discharged.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Calculate the Relative Risk of associated factors to surgical site infections in adult with elective surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were classified according to the surgery contamination degree; patient with surgery clean was defined as no exposed and patient with clean-contaminated or contaminated surgery was defined exposed. Risk factors for infection were classified as: inherent to the patient, pre-operative, intra-operative and post-operative. Statistical analysis; we realized Student t or Mann-Whitney U, chi square for Relative Risk (RR) and multivariate analysis by Cox proportional hazards.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Were monitored up to 30 days after surgery 403 patients (59.8% women), 35 (8.7%) developed surgical site infections. The factors associated in multivariate analysis were: smoking, RR of 3.21, underweight 3.4 hand washing unsuitable techniques 4.61, transfusion during the procedure 3.22, contaminated surgery 60, and intensive care stay 8 to 14 days 11.64, permanence of 1 to 3 days 2.4 and use of catheter 1 to 3 days 2.27.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To avoid all risk factors is almost impossible; therefore close monitoring of elective surgery patients can prevent infectious complications.
authors.affiliation: División de Epidemiología, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad Centro Médico Nacional "La Raza" IMSS, Mexico DF, Mexico. ulises.angeles@imss.gob.mx.
authors.forename: Ulises
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Angeles-Garay
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Neurocirugía, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad Centro Médico Nacional "La Raza" IMSS, Mexico DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Lucy Isabel
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Morales-Márquez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Neurocirugía, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad Centro Médico Nacional "La Raza" IMSS, Mexico DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Miguel Antonio
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sandoval-Balanzarios
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Cirugía General, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad Centro Médico Nacional "La Raza" IMSS, Mexico DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: José Arturo
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Velázquez-García
authors.affiliation: División de Epidemiología, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad Centro Médico Nacional "La Raza" IMSS, Mexico DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Lulia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Maldonado-Torres
authors.affiliation: División de Epidemiología, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad Centro Médico Nacional "La Raza" IMSS, Mexico DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Andrea Fernanda
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Méndez-Cano
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis; D001803:Blood Transfusion; D055499:Catheter-Related Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D017558:Elective Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006235:Hand Disinfection; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012306:Risk; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D013851:Thinness / Q000453:epidemiology; D014546:Urinary Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects
keywords: Surgical site infection; discharge; egreso hospitalario; factor de riesgo; infección del sitio quirúrgico; risk factor