title: Imaging tumour hypoxia with positron emission tomography.
abstract: Hypoxia, a hallmark of most solid tumours, is a negative prognostic factor due to its association with an aggressive tumour phenotype and therapeutic resistance. Given its prominent role in oncology, accurate detection of hypoxia is important, as it impacts on prognosis and could influence treatment planning. A variety of approaches have been explored over the years for detecting and monitoring changes in hypoxia in tumours, including biological markers and noninvasive imaging techniques. Positron emission tomography (PET) is the preferred method for imaging tumour hypoxia due to its high specificity and sensitivity to probe physiological processes in vivo, as well as the ability to provide information about intracellular oxygenation levels. This review provides an overview of imaging hypoxia with PET, with an emphasis on the advantages and limitations of the currently available hypoxia radiotracers.
authors.affiliation: Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, Lilian Sutton Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK.
authors.forename: I N
authors.initials: IN
authors.lastname: Fleming
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Box 218-Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Manavaki
authors.affiliation: Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, St Thomas' Hospital, King's College London, 4th Floor, Lambeth Wing, London SE1 7EH, UK.
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Blower
authors.affiliation: Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: West
authors.affiliation: 1] Manchester Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University Manchester, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK [2] EPSRC and CRUK Cancer Imaging Centre in Cambridge and Manchester, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.affiliation: Molecular Oncology Laboratories, University Department of Medical Oncology, The Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK.
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.affiliation: Centre for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Respiratory Medicine, Hull-York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull HU16 5JQ, UK.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Domarkas
authors.affiliation: Molecular Oncology Laboratories, University Department of Medical Oncology, The Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lord
authors.affiliation: Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, St Thomas' Hospital, King's College London, 4th Floor, Lambeth Wing, London SE1 7EH, UK.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Baldry
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Radiology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Box 218-Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK [2] EPSRC and CRUK Cancer Imaging Centre in Cambridge and Manchester, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Gilbert
mesh_terms: D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism*; D009593:Nitroimidazoles; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D011880:Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted
chemical_list: D009593:Nitroimidazoles; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals