title: Lasting modulation of in vitro oscillatory activity with weak direct current stimulation.
abstract: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is emerging as a versatile tool to affect brain function. While the acute neurophysiological effects of stimulation are well understood, little is know about the long-term effects. One hypothesis is that stimulation modulates ongoing neural activity, which then translates into lasting effects via physiological plasticity. Here we used carbachol-induced gamma oscillations in hippocampal rat slices to establish whether prolonged constant current stimulation has a lasting effect on endogenous neural activity. During 10 min of stimulation, the power and frequency of gamma oscillations, as well as multiunit activity, were modulated in a polarity specific manner. Remarkably, the effects on power and multiunit activity persisted for more than 10 min after stimulation terminated. Using a computational model we propose that altered synaptic efficacy in excitatory and inhibitory pathways could be the source of these lasting effects. Future experimental studies using this novel in vitro preparation may be able to confirm or refute the proposed hypothesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of the City University of New York, New York, New York davide.reato@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Davide
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Reato
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of the City University of New York, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Marom
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bikson
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of the City University of New York, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Lucas C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Parra
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D065818:Gamma Rhythm; D008297:Male; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D065908:Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation
keywords: Izhikevich model; balanced excitation/inhibition; gamma oscillations; tDCS; transcranial electrical stimulation