title: A novel algal biofilm membrane photobioreactor for attached microalgae growth and nutrients removal from secondary effluent.
abstract: In this study, a novel algal biofilm membrane photobioreactor (BMPBR) equipped with solid carriers and submerged membrane module was developed for attached growth of Chlorella vulgaris and secondary effluent treatment. The volumetric microalgae production achieved in BMPBR was 0.072 g L(-1) d(-1), which was 1.44-fold larger than that in suspended growth membrane photobioreactor (MPBR). Furthermore, 72.4% of the total produced algal biomass was immobilized as algal biofilm in BMPBR. Advanced nutrients removal from secondary effluent was achieved both in BMPBR and MPBR, with average reduction of about 85% for PO4(3-)-P in the stable stage. Additionally, BMPBR showed better nitrogen removal performance than MPBR due to its higher algal biomass productivity. Moreover, with the filtration effect of the submerged membrane module in the reactor, suspended microalgae could be completely isolated from the effluent and a low average SS concentration of 0.28 mg L(-1) was achieved in the effluent of BMPBR.
authors.affiliation: College of Marine Science, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China. Electronic address: gf_hd@126.com.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China.
authors.forename: Zhao-Hui
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: College of Marine Science, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000, China.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China.
authors.forename: Guang-Ming
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: College of Marine Science, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000, China.
authors.forename: Dan-Hui
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: College of Marine Science, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D018441:Biofilms; D018533:Biomass; D048408:Chlorella vulgaris / Q000254:growth & development; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000378:metabolism; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D058086:Microalgae / Q000254:growth & development*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D058433:Photobioreactors / Q000382:microbiology*; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid; D018508:Water Purification / Q000295:instrumentation*
chemical_list: D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D002734:Chlorophyll; D010758:Phosphorus; D009584:Nitrogen
keywords: Algal biofilm; Algal production; Attached growth; Membrane photobioreactor; Nutrients removal