title: [Expert survey for Chinese medicine syndrome characteristics of different clinical types of coronary artery disease based on the Delphi method].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To carry out expert survey for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome characteristics of different clinical types of coronary artery disease (CAD).
  
  
  METHODS
  By using Delphi method, we carried out two rounds of nationwide expert surveys for modern TCM characteristics of syndrome elements and syndrome types of CAD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Based on expert consensus, qi deficiency, blood stasis, phlegm turbidity, qi deficiency blood stasis, and intermingled phlegm and blood stasis are common TCM syndromes for different clinical types of CAD. Of them, qi stagnation, blood stasis, phlegm turbidity, heat accumulation, cold coagulation, yang deficiency, deficiency of both qi and yang were more often seen in patients with unstable angina than in those with stable angina. Qi deficiency, yin deficiency, and deficiency of both qi and yin were less seen. We could see more excess syndrome and less deficiency syndrome (such as qi deficiency, yin deficiency, etc.) in acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) than acute non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). Qi deficiency, blood stasis, water retention, yang deficiency, phlegm turbidity, yin deficiency, Xin-qi deficiency, and qi deficiency blood stasis induced water retention are the most common TCM syndrome types of CAD heart failure (HF). Blood deficiency, yin deficiency, heat accumulation, deficiency of both Xin and Pi, deficiency of both qi and blood, deficiency of both qi and yin, yin deficiency and fire hyperactivity were more often seen in CAD arrhythmias.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TCM syndrome distributions of different clinical types of CAD have common laws and individual characteristics. Results based on the expert consensus supplied evidence and support for clinical diagnosis and treatment of CAD.
authors.forename: Ying-fei
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Bi
authors.forename: Jing-yuan
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.forename: Xian-liang
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ya-zhu
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Zhi-qiang
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Yong-bin
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.forename: Gui-feng
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000787:Angina Pectoris; D000789:Angina, Unstable; D002681:China; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000175:diagnosis; D003625:Data Collection; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional / Q000379:methods; D019413:Qi; D013577:Syndrome; D016711:Yang Deficiency / Q000175:diagnosis; D016710:Yin Deficiency / Q000175:diagnosis