title: Maxillary anterior teeth dimensions and proportions in a central mainland chinese population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To obtain maxillary anterior tooth dimension and proportion values for the Central Chinese population and to evaluate the existence of sexual dimorphism, any consistent relationships between the tooth ratios, and the presence of golden proportions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tooth dimensions and proportions of six maxillary anterior teeth were recorded on gypsum casts obtained from 147 subjects (82 women and 65 men). Of these, 115 casts were digitally photographed in a standardised manner and apparent width values for six maxillary anterior teeth were recorded for golden proportion analysis. Existence of sexual dimorphism, any consistent width/height ratio and golden proportions were statistically analysed. One-sample t-test, two-sample t-test, and paired t-test were used to analyse the data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant differences between measurements on the right and left side. Sexual dimorphism existed for various tooth dimensions. There was no statistically significant difference for width/height ratios between the two genders for central incisor and lateral incisor. However, canines showed a statistically significant difference. The golden proportion guideline was not applicable for this population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The maxillary anterior teeth dimensions were significantly greater for men than women; however, the mean difference was small (< 0.2 mm) and may not be clinically significant. The golden proportion, or any recurring anterior teeth proportions, was not found for the population. There was a significant difference in width/height ratio of canines between the genders, confirming its greatest gender-based morphological difference.
authors.forename: Sanjay Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Sah
authors.forename: Han Dong
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Minu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dhungana
authors.forename: Lochana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Acharya
authors.forename: Li Li
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yu Mei
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Ding
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002681:China; D003481:Cuspid / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D007180:Incisor / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D003765:Models, Dental; D009811:Odontometry / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010781:Photography; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D012737:Sex Factors; D019228:Tooth Crown / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D055815:Young Adult