title: Involvement of bone marrow stem cells in periodontal wound healing.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the hypothesis whether bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) could migrate into the periodontium as the precursor available for the repair of tissue injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  A chimeric mouse model was established by transplanting BMSCs derived from red fluorescent protein mouse into irradiated BALB/c mice. Subsequently, a periodontal defect was created beside the maxillary first molar and filled with ceramic bovine bone. Finally, the chimeric mice were divided into three groups and were observed 3, 14 and 28 days later respectively. The involvement of BMSCs in periodontal defects was analysed using an in vivo imaging system and immunohistochemical staining of CD45, CD105 and CD31. Cell surface marker expression in injured tissue was also compared with that in normal tissue.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Increasing numbers of BMSCs migrated into the periodontal defect with time. The distribution was initially limited to ceramic bovine bone and then around blood vessels and near alveolar bone. Furthermore, expression of CD105 and CD31 was much higher in injured periodontal tissue than that in healthy periodontium, although CD45 was not expressed in either of these tissues.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BMSCs, but not haemopoietic stem cells, were involved in periodontal defect; they entered the periodontium probably via blood vessels.
authors.forename: Li Li
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Hong Wei
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xin Xin
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xie
mesh_terms: D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002417:Cattle; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology; D000071063:Endoglin; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D049408:Luminescent Agents; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D008297:Male; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D023421:Models, Animal; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000473:pathology; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000032:analysis; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000032:analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D018183:Transplantation Chimera / Q000502:physiology; D051598:Whole Body Imaging / Q000379:methods; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology; D000097573:Red Fluorescent Protein
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D000071063:Endoglin; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens; D049408:Luminescent Agents; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D000097573:Red Fluorescent Protein; C502004:Eng protein, mouse; C516770:Ptprc protein, mouse