title: p53 suppresses muscle differentiation at the myogenin step in response to genotoxic stress.
abstract: Acute muscle injury and physiological stress from chronic muscle diseases and aging lead to impairment of skeletal muscle function. This raises the question of whether p53, a cellular stress sensor, regulates muscle tissue repair under stress conditions. By investigating muscle differentiation in the presence of genotoxic stress, we discovered that p53 binds directly to the myogenin promoter and represses transcription of myogenin, a member of the MyoD family of transcription factors that plays a critical role in driving terminal muscle differentiation. This reduction of myogenin protein is observed in G1-arrested cells and leads to decreased expression of late but not early differentiation markers. In response to acute genotoxic stress, p53-mediated repression of myogenin reduces post-mitotic nuclear abnormalities in terminally differentiated cells. This study reveals a mechanistic link previously unknown between p53 and muscle differentiation, and suggests new avenues for managing p53-mediated stress responses in chronic muscle diseases or during muscle aging.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Z J P
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Division of Radiation and Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: D Kenzelmann
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Broz
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: W L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Noderer
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Overton
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Spencer
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.affiliation: Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Tapscott
authors.affiliation: 1] Division of Radiation and Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA [2] Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Attardi
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002460:Cell Line; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D059585:G1 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D017570:MyoD Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D018008:Myogenin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011485:Protein Binding; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D017570:MyoD Protein; D018008:Myogenin; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53