title: STING, nanoparticles, autoimmune disease and cancer: a novel paradigm for immunotherapy?
abstract: DNA has potent immunogenic properties that are useful to enhance vaccine efficacy. DNA also incites hyperinflammation and autoimmunity if DNA sensing is not regulated. Paradoxically, DNA regulates immunity and autoimmunity when administered systemically as DNA nanoparticles. DNA nanoparticles regulated immunity via cytosolic DNA sensors that activate the signaling adaptor stimulator of interferon genes. In this review, we describe how DNA sensing to activate stimulator of interferon genes promotes regulatory responses and discuss the biological and clinical implications of these responses for understanding disease progression and designing better therapies for patients with chronic inflammatory diseases, such as autoimmune syndromes or cancer.
authors.affiliation: Cancer immunology, Inflammation and Tolerance Program, Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, 1120 15th St, Augusta GA 30912, USA.
authors.forename: Henrique
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lemos
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Tracy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: McGaha
authors.forename: Andrew L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Mellor
mesh_terms: D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D007372:Interferons / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D053758:Nanoparticles; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D013577:Syndrome
chemical_list: D004247:DNA; D007372:Interferons
keywords: DNA; STING; autoimmunity; cancer; immunity; immunotherapy; nanoparticles; tolerance