title: Independence of cytotoxic drug sensitivity profiles and receptor subtype of invasive ductal breast carcinoma demonstrated by the histoculture drug response assay (HDRA).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Breast cancer can be divided into four subtypes: luminal-A, luminal-B, HER-2 enriched and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) by the presence or absence of receptors. Each subtype has a typical clinical behavior and prognosis. Many chemotherapeutic agents are used clinically for breast cancer. The histoculture drug response assay (HDRA) is used for selection of effective chemotherapeutic agents for individual patients Materials and Methods: In the present study, the HDRA was used for eleven frequently-used single-agent or combinations on the four subtypes of breast cancer in order to determine the correlation of drug sensitivity profile and breast-cancer subtype. Fifty invasive ductal breast carcinoma patients who underwent cancer surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy between January 2012 and January 2013 had their tumors analyzed in the HDRA. Age, gender, height and weight, tumor-nodes-metastasis (TNM) stage, immunohistochemical (IHC profiles, breast-cancer subtypes and HDRA results were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The inhibition rate (IR) of each agent or combination for each breast-cancer subtype was determined. Drug to drug IRs were statistically distinct in all subtypes (p<0.05) but no correlation between response to chemotherapeutic agents and breast-cancer subtype was found (p=0.851 by two-way ANOVA test).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The clear difference between average sensitivity of the chemotherapeutic agents tested and lack of correlation with breast-cancer subtype suggest the importance of individualized treatment for breast-cancer patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, KangNam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kwang Yong
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, KangNam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Republic of Korea bkys831@hallym.or.kr bkys831@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: Bong Wha
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, KangNam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ik
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: MetaBio Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Moon Bo
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: MetaBio Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea AntiCancer Inc., San Diego, CA, U.S.A. Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Robert M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Hoffman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents
keywords: HDRA; HER-2; Histoculture drug response assay; breast cancer; chemotherapeutic agents; correlation; estrogen receptor; individualized therapy; inhibition rate (IR); progesterone receptor; subtype