title: Principles of primary survey and resuscitation in cases of pediatric trauma.
abstract: Trauma is a common cause of death and disability in children. Proper approach to pediatric trauma involves adherence to ABCDE sequence in the primary survey and resuscitation in order to promptly recognize and manage immediately life threatening conditions. This readily reviewed sequence includes A: establishment and maintenance of a patent airway while maintaining cervical spine immobilization; B: evaluation of breathing, ventilation and oxygenation, immediate treatment of tension pneumothorax, open pneumothorax and massive hemothorax; C: evaluation and treatment of circulatory compromise and shock; D: Disability and Neurologic Status, assessment of signs of increased intracranial pressure and impending cerebral herniation; and E: Exposure while preventing hypothermia. Implementing these assessment and management priorities can result in more favorable outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. sabajafarpour@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Saba
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jafarpour
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. sarveravan@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Seyed Javad
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Nassiri
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. emdaxb@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bidari
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. chardoli@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Mojtaba
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chardoli
authors.affiliation: Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND Department of Neurosurgery, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND Research Centre for Neural Repair, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. v_rahimi@tums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Vafa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rahimi-Movaghar