title: Effect of parental presence while children undergo common invasive procedures.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Substantial studies showed the preferences ofparents to present while their children undergo common invasive procedures. There is no consensus in Thailand regarding this issue so, this study was generated.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effect ofparental presence on children's pain, parental satisfaction of care, anxiety of parent and physician, and performance of procedure.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective study was undertaken in convenience sample of 72 in-patient children age under 4 years old at Phramongkutklao Hospital during 8 months period. 22 parents were present with their children during invasive procedures and given instruction to calm down their children, 22 parents were not allowed to be present and the rest willing not to be present which was recruited as control. The authors assessed parental interaction; pain level, anxiety and the success of procedures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no statistical significance in pain response, anxiety levels, and parental satisfaction. There was no statistical difference in proficiency of clinician.
authors.forename: Chatsuman
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tantikul
authors.forename: Chakriya
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Theeranate
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002983:Clinical Competence; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D010146:Pain / Q000523:psychology*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013315:Stress, Psychological; D013785:Thailand