title: Wastewater retreatment and reuse system for agricultural irrigation in rural villages.
abstract: Climate changes and continuous population growth increase water demands that will not be met by traditional water resources, like surface and ground water. To handle increased water demand, treated municipal wastewater is offered to farmers for agricultural irrigation. This study aimed to enhance the effluent quality from worn-out sewage treatment facilities in rural villages, retreat effluent to meet water quality criteria for irrigation, and assess any health-related and environmental impacts from using retreated wastewater irrigation on crops and in soil. We developed the compact wastewater retreatment and reuse system (WRRS), equipped with filters, ultraviolet light, and bubble elements. A pilot greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate lettuce growth patterns and quantify the heavy metal concentration and pathogenic microorganisms on lettuce and in soil after irrigating with tap water, treated wastewater, and WRRS retreated wastewater. The purification performance of each WRRS component was also assessed. The study findings revealed that existing worn-out sewage treatment facilities in rural villages could meet the water quality criteria for treated effluent and also reuse retreated wastewater for crop growth and other miscellaneous agricultural purposes.
authors.affiliation: National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 166, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 565-581, Republic of Korea E-mail: mykim75@korea.kr.
authors.forename: Minyoung
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, 249 Seodun-dong, Gwonson-gu, Suwon 441-707, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyejin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 166, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 565-581, Republic of Korea E-mail: mykim75@korea.kr.
authors.forename: Minkyeong
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 166, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 565-581, Republic of Korea E-mail: mykim75@korea.kr.
authors.forename: Donghyeon
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Korea National College of Agriculture and Fisheries, 212, Hyohaeng-ro, Bongdam-Eup, Hwaseong-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 445-760, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dongeok
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 166, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 565-581, Republic of Korea E-mail: mykim75@korea.kr.
authors.forename: YoungJin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 166, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 565-581, Republic of Korea E-mail: mykim75@korea.kr.
authors.forename: Sangbong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D057914:Agricultural Irrigation; D000383:Agriculture; D057231:Climate Change; D018556:Crops, Agricultural; D060587:Groundwater; D018545:Lactuca / Q000737:chemistry; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis; D012722:Sewage; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid; D062065:Wastewater / Q000032:analysis; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*; D060753:Water Quality
chemical_list: D019216:Metals, Heavy; D012722:Sewage; D012987:Soil; D062065:Wastewater