title: Mechanisms of brain renin angiotensin system-induced drinking and blood pressure: importance of the subfornical organ.
abstract: It is critical for cells to maintain a homeostatic balance of water and electrolytes because disturbances can disrupt cellular function, which can lead to profound effects on the physiology of an organism. Dehydration can be classified as either intra- or extracellular, and different mechanisms have developed to restore homeostasis in response to each. Whereas the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is important for restoring homeostasis after dehydration, the pathways mediating the responses to intra- and extracellular dehydration may differ. Thirst responses mediated through the angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) and angiotensin type 2 receptors (AT2R) respond to extracellular dehydration and intracellular dehydration, respectively. Intracellular signaling factors, such as protein kinase C (PKC), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway, mediate the effects of central angiotensin II (ANG II). Experimental evidence also demonstrates the importance of the subfornical organ (SFO) in mediating some of the fluid intake effects of central ANG II. The purpose of this review is to highlight the importance of the SFO in mediating fluid intake responses to dehydration and ANG II.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology.
authors.forename: Jeffrey P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Coble
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.
authors.forename: Justin L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Grobe
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Department of Psychology.
authors.forename: Alan Kim
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa curt-sigmund@uiowa.edu.
authors.forename: Curt D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Sigmund
mesh_terms: D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D003681:Dehydration / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004326:Drinking; D006801:Humans; D011945:Receptors, Angiotensin / Q000378:metabolism; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013356:Subfornical Organ / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance
chemical_list: D011945:Receptors, Angiotensin; D000804:Angiotensin II
keywords: angiotensin; barin; blood pressure; fluid; renin