title: Two-phase orthodontic treatment in a patient with turner syndrome: an unusual case of deep bite.
abstract: Turner syndrome is caused by complete or partial absence of one X chromosome. These patients usually have a delay in growth and altered body proportions, causing sexual infantilism, short stature, delayed bone maturation, and variations in craniofacial morphology, among other systemic complications. The skeletal features associated with this syndrome include maxillary growth reduction with midface hypoplasia; mandibular micrognathia; high, narrow palate; V-shaped maxillary arch; and open bite. This case report shows a two-phase orthodontic treatment in a patient with Turner syndrome with a Class II malocclusion and severe deep bite, which is an unusual feature in patients with this disease. A conventional orthodontic treatment was performed, and after 20 months in retention the patient remains stable.
authors.forename: Juan Fernando
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Aristizábal
authors.forename: Rosana Martínez
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Smit
mesh_terms: D002508:Cephalometry; D002648:Child; D004954:Esthetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D003765:Models, Dental; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective / Q000379:methods*; D014424:Turner Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
keywords: Turner syndrome; deep bite; orthodontic treatment; two-phase treatment