title: Association of TNF-α (-238 and -308) promoter polymorphisms with susceptibility of oral squamous cell carcinoma in North Indian population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The pro-inflammatory cytokines play an essential role in immune response and are involved in a variety of inflammatory and infectious disease. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) gene polymorphism has been a potential determinant of susceptibility to various types of cancer.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the association of TNF-α gene promoter (-238) G/A and (-308) G/A polymorphisms with the susceptibility of OSCC patients in North Indian population.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total 272 patients with OSCC and 185 healthy volunteers were genotypes for the TNF-α (-238) G/A and (-308) G/A gene polymorphism. Genotypes were identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Genotype frequencies were evaluated by Chi-square test and Odds ratio (OR) relative risk.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TNF-α (-238) G/A polymorphism was significantly associated with OSCC patients as compared to healthy volunteers (GG vs. GA: OR=0.3500, 95% CI=0.1289-09502; p=0.036; G vs. A: OR=0.3589 1.477, 95% CI=0.1335-0.9652; p=0.0386). No significant association was found in TNF-α (-308) G/A gene polymorphism with OSCC patients and controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that the TNF-α (-238) G/A polymorphism was significantly associated with OSCC however TNF-α (-308) G/A polymorphism was not associated in OSCC patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: Prithvi Kumar
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: Jaishri
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bogra
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: Girish
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chandra
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: Mohammad Kaleem
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: Rajni
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: Vijay
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: Amita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: Abbas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ali Mahdi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
keywords: Oral squamous cell carcinoma; cytokines; genotype; inflammation; tumor necrosis factor-α