title: Current status and clinical impact of pediatric endoscopy in Korea.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In pediatrics, endoscopic examination has become a common procedure for evaluation of gastrointestinal presentations. However, there are limited data on pediatric endoscopy in Korea. The aim of this study was to analyze the current status and clinical impacts of endoscopic examination in children and adolescents.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of outpatients who visited the tertiary hospital. Patients under 18 years of age who underwent endoscopy were included. Endoscopic findings were classified as specific and normal based on gross findings. Specific endoscopic findings were reflux esophagitis, peptic ulcers, and Mallory-Weiss tear. Other findings included acute gastritis classified according to the updated Sydney system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 722 of 330,350 patients (0.2%), endoscopic examination (554 esophagogastroduodenoscopies [EGDs], 121 colonos-copies, 47 sigmoidoscopies) was performed between January 2008 and January 2013. In EGD, abdominal pain was the most frequent presentation (64.1%). The most common diagnosis was gastritis (53.2%), followed by reflux esophagitis. The frequency of peptic ulcer disease was 12.8%. Frequent symptoms leading to colonoscopic examination were abdominal pain, diarrhea, and hematochezia. In colonoscopy, a negative result was more likely in children younger than 7 years old. After the procedure, the diagnostic yield of EGD and colonoscopy was 88.1% and 45.8%, respectively, and the rate of change in management was 67.1%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In pediatrics, endoscopic examination was useful for the choice of therapeutic strategy and it would be a standard method for evaluation of gastrointestinal presentation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yang Woon
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Woo Chul
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hea Jung
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yoon Goo
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: So Lim
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kang Won
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Donghoon
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: In Hee
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Jung
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Jeon
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain; D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016145:Endoscopy, Digestive System; D004942:Esophagitis, Peptic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D005756:Gastritis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis; D006635:Histamine H2 Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis; D008297:Male; D010437:Peptic Ulcer / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers
chemical_list: D006635:Histamine H2 Antagonists; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors