title: The back squat: A proposed assessment of functional deficits and technical factors that limit performance.
abstract: Fundamental movement competency is essential for participation in physical activity and for mitigating the risk of injury, which are both key elements of health throughout life. The squat movement pattern is arguably one of the most primal and critical fundamental movements necessary to improve sport performance, to reduce injury risk and to support lifelong physical activity. Based on current evidence, this first (1 of 2) report deconstructs the technical performance of the back squat as a foundation training exercise and presents a novel dynamic screening tool that incorporates identification techniques for functional deficits that limit squat performance and injury resilience. The follow-up report will outline targeted corrective methodology for each of the functional deficits presented in the assessment tool.
authors.affiliation: Division of Sports Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio ; Department of Pediatrics and Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio ; Sports Health & Performance Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio ; The Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention, Waltham, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Gregory D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Myer
authors.affiliation: Division of Sports Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.
authors.forename: Adam M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kushner
authors.affiliation: The Academy of Sports Performance, Cincinnati, Ohio.
authors.forename: Jensen L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Brent
authors.affiliation: Global Fitness Services, Scarsdale, New York.
authors.forename: Brad J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Schoenfeld
authors.affiliation: Division of Sports Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio ; Division of Occupational Therapy and Physical Therapy, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hugentobler
authors.affiliation: Cardiff School of Sport, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, Wales, UK.
authors.forename: Rhodri S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Lloyd
authors.affiliation: Athercare Fitness and Rehabilitation Clinic, Alameda, California.
authors.forename: Al
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vermeil
authors.affiliation: Athercare Fitness and Rehabilitation Clinic, Alameda, California ; Rocky Mountain University of Health Professions, Provo, Utah ; Ohlone College, Newark, California.
authors.forename: Donald A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.affiliation: BEAT Personal Training, Cincinnati, Ohio.
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Harbin
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario.
authors.forename: Stuart M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: McGill
keywords: functional deficit identification; injury prevention; physical activity; screening tool; sport performance; squat