title: Two-year follow-up of revision total hip arthroplasty using a ceramic revision head with a retained well-fixed femoral component: a case series.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It is known that a well-fixed stem can be left in situ when only the acetabular component and femoral head have to be changed. However, in a revision case, the use of a ceramic head on an existing taper is not recommended. Slight damages of the taper may increase the risk of a ceramic fracture. Until now in a revision case a primary ceramic-on-ceramic or ceramic-on-polyethylene pairing was changed to a metal-on-polyethylene pairing or the well-fixed stem was removed as well. During the past several years, a ceramic head with a metallic sleeve has been introduced as an option for revisions with a stem left in situ. We report short-term results of a ceramic revision head in this clinical setting.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight patients with a ceramic revision head were clinically and radiologically followed up two years after revision surgery. Their Harris Hip Score and visual analogue scale scores for pain and satisfaction were recorded, and their radiographs were checked for osteolysis and heterotopic ossifications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean Harris Hip Score increased from 46.5 points before surgery to 88.3 points 2 years after surgery. The mean visual analogue scale score for pain improved from 6.7 to 1.1, and the mean visual analogue scale for satisfaction rose from 5.1 to 8.3. The radiological results did not show osteolysis in any of the patients. Grade I heterotopic ossification according to the Brooker classification system was seen in one patient.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The early clinical and radiological results in this case series are in agreement with previously published studies. Ceramic revision heads with a metallic sleeve are a promising approach in the revision of a ceramic head with a well-fixed stem which can be left in situ. This solution avoids an unnecessary exchange of a well-fixed stem and thereby shortens the surgical time of the revision and may reduce the peri-operative complications.
authors.affiliation: Dietrich-Bonhoeffer-Klinikum, Klosterberg 1a, 17087 Altentreptow, Germany. ganzerdr@t-online.de.
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ganzer
authors.forename: Lutz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Forke
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Irlenbusch
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D019644:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip; D002516:Ceramics; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005260:Female; D005270:Femur Head; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006622:Hip Prosthesis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011475:Prosthesis Failure; D012086:Reoperation; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome