title: Alpha-lipoic acid prevents endotoxic shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome induced by endotoxemia in rats.
abstract: Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), a naturally occurring disulfide derivative of octanoic acid, serves as a strong antioxidant and has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of the present study is to investigate the preventive and therapeutic effects of ALA on multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) caused by endotoxemia in rats. Male Wistar rats were intravenously infused with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (10 mg/kg) to induce endotoxemia. Alpha-lipoic acid 10, 20, or 40 mg/kg was administered intravenously 60 min before (pretreatment) LPS challenge, and ALA 40 mg/kg was administered intravenously 30 min after (posttreatment) LPS challenge. Pretreatment and posttreatment with ALA significantly improved the deleterious hemodynamic changes 8 h after LPS challenge, including hypotension and bradycardia. Alpha-lipoic acid reduced the plasma levels of glutamic pyruvic transaminase, blood urea nitrogen, lactate dehydrogenase, tumor necrosis factor-α, nitric oxide metabolites, and thrombin-antithrombin complex, which increased markedly after LPS challenge. The induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase both in the liver and the lung and vascular superoxide anion production were also significantly suppressed by ALA. Moreover, ALA significantly attenuated LPS-induced caspase-3 activation in cardiomyocytes and improved survival rate. In conclusion, ALA effectively attenuated LPS-induced acute inflammatory response and improved MODS. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of ALA may contribute to these beneficial effects. Alpha-lipoic acid might be considered as a novel therapeutic strategy in the prevention of sepsis-induced MODS and inflammatory vascular diseases.
authors.affiliation: *Department and Institute of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center; and †Department of Pharmacology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei; ‡Department of Anesthesiology, Catholic Mercy Hospital, Hsinchu; §Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei; ∥Department of Nursing, Tzu Chi College of Technology, Hualien; ¶Department of Biotechnology, HungKuang University, Taichung; and **Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsin-Hsueh
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Kwok-Keung
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: Pao-Yun
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Ching-Wen
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Kung
authors.forename: Shu-Ying
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Pei-Chiang
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Ming-Ting
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Yen-Mei
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D000991:Antithrombins / Q000737:chemistry; D001011:Aorta / Q000378:metabolism; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D004220:Disulfides / Q000737:chemistry; D019446:Endotoxemia / Q000150:complications*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006439:Hemodynamics; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D008168:Lung / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D009102:Multiple Organ Failure / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000201:enzymology; D009566:Nitrates / Q000737:chemistry; D009573:Nitrites / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D018805:Sepsis / Q000503:physiopathology; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013481:Superoxides / Q000737:chemistry; D008063:Thioctic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013917:Thrombin / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D000991:Antithrombins; D004220:Disulfides; D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D013481:Superoxides; D008063:Thioctic Acid; D013917:Thrombin; C505410:Casp3 protein, rat; D053148:Caspase 3