title: The role of Sox9 in mouse mammary gland development and maintenance of mammary stem and luminal progenitor cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Identification and characterization of molecular controls that regulate mammary stem and progenitor cell homeostasis are critical to our understanding of normal mammary gland development and its pathology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We demonstrate that conditional knockout of Sox9 in the mouse mammary gland results in impaired postnatal development. In short-term lineage tracing in the postnatal mouse mammary gland using Sox9-CreER driven reporters, Sox9 marked primarily the luminal progenitors and bipotent stem/progenitor cells within the basal mammary epithelial compartment. In contrast, long-term lineage tracing studies demonstrate that Sox9+ precursors gave rise to both luminal and myoepithelial cell lineages. Finally, fate mapping of Sox9 deleted cells demonstrates that Sox9 is essential for luminal, but not myoepithelial, lineage commitment and proliferation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These studies identify Sox9 as a key regulator of mammary gland development and stem/progenitor maintenance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985805 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5805, USA. gmalhotra@unmc.edu.
authors.forename: Gautam K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Malhotra
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985805 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5805, USA. xzhao@unmc.edu.
authors.forename: Xiangshan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985805 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5805, USA. ee.edwards@outlook.com.
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0695, USA. jkopp@ucsd.edu.
authors.forename: Janel L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Kopp
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985805 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5805, USA. mnaramura@unmc.edu.|Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, and Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985950 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5950, USA. mnaramura@unmc.edu.
authors.forename: Mayumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Naramura
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0695, USA. masander@ucsd.edu.
authors.forename: Maike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sander
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985805 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5805, USA. hband@unmc.edu.|Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985805 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5805, USA. hband@unmc.edu.|Departments of Pathology & Microbiology and Pharmacology and Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985805 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5805, USA. hband@unmc.edu.|Departments of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985805 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5805, USA. hband@unmc.edu.
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Band
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985805 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5805, USA. vband@unmc.edu.|Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, and Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985950 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5950, USA. vband@unmc.edu.
authors.forename: Vimla
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Band
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019070:Cell Lineage; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005260:Female; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009928:Organ Specificity; D055758:SOX9 Transcription Factor / Q000502:physiology*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D055758:SOX9 Transcription Factor; C527933:Sox9 protein, mouse