title: Modulation of systemic and mucosal immunity against an inactivated vaccine of Newcastle disease virus by oral co-administration of live attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium expressing chicken interleukin-18 and interferon-α.
abstract: Newcastle disease (ND) is a highly contagious disease of chickens causing significant economic losses worldwide. Due to limitations in the efficacy against currently circulating ND viruses, existing vaccination strategies require improvements, and incorporating immunomodulatory cytokines with existing vaccines might be a novel approach. Here, we investigated the systemic and mucosal immunomodulatory properties of oral co-administration of chicken interleukin-18 (chIL-18) and chicken interferon-α (chIFN-α) using attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium on an inactivated ND vaccine. Our results demonstrate that oral administration of S. enterica serovar Typhimurium expressing chIL-18 or chIFN-α provided enhanced systemic and mucosal immune responses, as determined by serum hemagglutination inhibition antibody and NDV Ag-specific IgG as well as NDV Ag-specific IgA in lung and duodenal lavages of chickens immunized with inactivated ND vaccine via the intramuscular or intranasal route. Notably, combined oral administration of S. enterica serovar Typhimurium expressing chIL-18 and chIFN-α significantly enhanced systemic and mucosal immunity in ND-vaccinated chickens, compared to single administration of S. enterica serovar Typhimurium expressing chIL-18 or chIFN-α. In addition, oral co-administration of S. enterica serovar Typhimurium expressing chIL-18 and chIFN-α provided enhanced NDV Ag-specific proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and Th1-biased cell-mediated immunity, compared to single administration of either construct. Therefore, our results provide valuable insight into the modulation of systemic and mucosal immunity by incorporation of immunomodulatory chIL-18 and chIFN-α using Salmonella vaccines into existing ND vaccines.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea; Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Md Masudur
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.forename: Erdenebelig
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Uyangaa
authors.forename: Young Woo
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hur
authors.forename: Sang-Youel
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: John Hwa
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Koanhoi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seong Kug
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Eo
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D020382:Interleukin-18 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009521:Newcastle Disease / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000378:metabolism*; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D020382:Interleukin-18; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated; D014765:Viral Vaccines