title: Diabetes mellitus and cognitive functioning in a Serbian sample.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Diabetes is associated with cognitive impairments, particularly in executive functioning and memory.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim was to describe cognitive functioning in Type 1 (T1DM) and Type 2 (T2DM) diabetes compared to healthy controls in a Serbian sample.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 15 patients with adult onset T1DM (age range 19-60 years), 37 patients with T2DM (age range 50-77 years), and 32 healthy controls (28-78 years). All participants underwent comprehensive neuropsychological assessment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  T2DM subjects exhibited poorer performance than healthy controls in global cognitive performance, as well as verbal learning and memory. After correcting for multiple comparisons, follow-up examination of individual tests showed significantly poorer performance only on Trail Making Test Part B (TMT-B). Effect sizes for T2DM versus healthy controls ranged from medium to large for several cognitive variables, while comparisons between T1DM and the other two groups tended to yield much smaller effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  T2DM is associated with poorer cognition, particularly in executive functions, learning/memory, and global cognition. Lack of group differences may be due to use of an adult onset T1DM sample, relatively young age of our T2DM sample, or characteristics of healthy control subjects in our Serbian sample.
authors.affiliation: a Neurology Clinic at Clinical Center of Serbia , Belgrade , Serbia.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Salak Djokić
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Spitznagel
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pavlović
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Janković
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Parojčić
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ilić
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nikolić Djurović
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000145:classification / Q000503:physiopathology*; D056344:Executive Function / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D055771:Serbia / Q000453:epidemiology; D014706:Verbal Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Cognition; Diabetes mellitus; Executive functions; Type 1; Type 2