title: [Economic burden of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in critical care patients in hospitals in Bogotá].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Resistant infections, especially those involving the bloodstream, are associated with a greater use of resources. Their estimates are variable and depend on the methodology used. Staphylococcus aureus is the main pathogen isolated in blood in our hospitals. There is no consolidated data about economic implications of methicillin-resistant S. aureus infection.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe the cost of care of methicillin-resistant S. aureus bacteremia in a reference population from nine hospitals in Bogotá. Materials y methods: A multicenter cohort study included 204 patients in a 1:1 ratio according to resistance. Direct medical costs were calculated from hospitalization bills, while the bacteremia period was calculated by applying microcosting based on standard fares.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found no significant differences between groups in demographic and clinical characteristics, except for resistance risk factors. Fifty-three percent of patients died during hospitalization. Hospital stay and total invoiced value during hospitalization were significantly higher in the group with methicillin-resistant S. aureus bacteremia. For this group, higher costs in ICU stay, antibiotics use, intravenous fluids, laboratory tests and respiratory support were recorded. A crude increase of 31% and an adjusted increase of 70% in care costs associated with methicillin resistance were registered.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study supports decision makers in finding and funding infection prevention programs, especially those infections caused by resistant organisms.
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, D.C, Colombia.
authors.forename: Liliana I
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Barrero
authors.affiliation: Grupo para el Control de la Resistencia Bacteriana de Bogotá (GREBO), Bogotá, D.C, Colombia.
authors.forename: Juan S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Castillo
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, D.C, Colombia.
authors.forename: Aura L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Leal
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, D.C, Colombia.
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sánchez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Medicina Interna, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, D.C, Colombia.
authors.forename: Jorge A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cortés
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, D.C, Colombia.
authors.forename: Carlos A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Alvarez
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, D.C, Colombia.
authors.forename: Andrés L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: González
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000191:economics* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D019411:Clinical Laboratory Techniques / Q000191:economics; D003105:Colombia; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D003422:Critical Care / Q000191:economics*; D016638:Critical Illness; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000191:economics* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D016527:Drug Costs; D005260:Female; D005440:Fluid Therapy / Q000191:economics; D005102:Health Expenditures; D017721:Hospital Costs; D016304:Hospitals, Private / Q000191:economics* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006779:Hospitals, Public / Q000191:economics* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006786:Hospitals, Urban / Q000191:economics* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units / Q000191:economics* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012138:Respiratory Therapy / Q000191:economics; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000191:economics* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents