title: Retinal dysplasia in American pit bull terriers--phenotypic characterization and breeding study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to investigate the inheritance and phenotype of retinal dysplasia (RD) in the American pit bull terrier.
  
  
  METHODS
  A breeding colony established from a single female pure-bred American pit bull terrier dog with RD.
  
  
  METHODS
  A female pure-bred American pit bull terrier with RD was donated to the Veterinary Hospital of Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil. A breeding colony was established and the phenotype and inheritance of the condition investigated. Regular ophthalmic examinations and fundus photography were performed on three generations of offspring from the founder animal. Some animals were additionally studied by optical coherence tomography. Ocular histopathology was performed on some animals from the colony.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-seven offspring were produced in two generations from the affected founder female. Thirty-two were diagnosed with RD and showed a spectrum of severity of lesions including multifocal, and or geographic lesions and some developed retinal detachment. Histologic examination demonstrated retinal folds, rosettes, and areas of retinal detachment. The affected dogs were shorter in stature than the unaffected littermates. Breeding studies suggested the trait has an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. DNA testing showed that the affected dogs were negative for the known gene mutations for canine dwarfism with RD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is a report of a novel inherited form of RD that affects American pit bull terriers.
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Medicine Department, Federal University of Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Juvevê, Curitiba, PR, 80035-050, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Carolina Veiga
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Rodarte-Almeida
authors.affiliation: Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Veterinary Medical Center, Michigan State University, 736 Wilson Road, D-208, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Petersen-Jones
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, 1909 Skip Bertman Drive, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA.
authors.forename: Ingeborg M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Langohr
authors.affiliation: Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Veterinary Medical Center, Michigan State University, 736 Wilson Road, D-208, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Occelli
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Medicine Department, Federal University of Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Juvevê, Curitiba, PR, 80035-050, Brazil.
authors.forename: Peterson T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Dornbusch
authors.affiliation: Retina e Vítreo Consultoria, Rua Mateus Leme, 2285, Curitiba, PR, 80530-010, Brazil.
authors.forename: Naoye
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shiokawa
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Medicine Department, Federal University of Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Juvevê, Curitiba, PR, 80035-050, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabiano
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Montiani-Ferreira
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging; D000818:Animals; D001947:Breeding; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D008297:Male; D010375:Pedigree; D015792:Retinal Dysplasia / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: American pit bull terriers; dogs; inherited disease; ocular histology; optical coherence tomography; retinal dysplasia