title: Bisphenol A, benzophenone-type ultraviolet filters, and phthalates in relation to uterine leiomyoma.
abstract: Bisphenol A, benzophenone-type UV filters, and phthalates are chemicals in high production and use including in a range of personal care products. Exposure of humans to these chemicals has been shown to affect endocrine function. Although short-lived, widespread exposure may lead to continual opportunity for these chemicals to elicit health effects in humans. The association of these chemicals with incident uterine leiomyoma, an estrogen sensitive disease, is not known. Urinary concentrations of bisphenol A (BPA), five benzophenone-type UV filters (2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (2OH-4MeO-BP), 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone (2,4OH-BP), 2,2׳-dihydroxybenzophenone (2,2׳OH-4MeO-BP), 2,2׳4,4׳-tetrahydroxybenzophenone (2,2׳4,4׳OH-BP), and 4-hydroxybenzophenone (4OH-BP), and 14 phthalate monoesters were quantified in 495 women who later underwent laparoscopy/laparotomy at 14 clinical sites for the diagnosis of fibroids. Significantly higher geometric mean creatinine-corrected concentrations of BPA, 2,4OH-BP, and 2OH-4MeO-BP were observed in women with than without fibroids [BPA: 2.09µg/g vs. 1.46µg/g p=0.004; 2,4OH-BP:11.10µg/g vs. 6.71µg/g p=0.01; 2OH-4MeO-BP: 11.31µg/g vs. 6.10µg/g p=0.01]. Mono-methyl phthalate levels were significantly lower in women with than without fibroids (1.78µg/g vs. 2.40µg/g). However, none of the exposures were associated with a significant odds ratio even when adjusting for relevant covariates. There was a lack of an association between select nonpersistent chemicals and the odds of a fibroid diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 6100 Executive Blvd. Suite 7B03, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Electronic address: apollac2@gmu.edu.
authors.forename: A Z
authors.initials: AZ
authors.lastname: Pollack
authors.affiliation: Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 6100 Executive Blvd. Suite 7B03, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Electronic address: louisg@mail.nih.gov.
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Buck Louis
authors.affiliation: Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 6100 Executive Blvd. Suite 7B03, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Electronic address: chenzhe@mail.nih.gov.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 6100 Executive Blvd. Suite 7B03, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Electronic address: sunl3@mail.nih.gov.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 9609 Medical Center Drive Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Electronic address: britton.trabert@nih.gov.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Trabert
authors.affiliation: Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health and Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, The University at Albany, Empire State Plaza, P.O. Box 509, Albany, NY 12201 USA. Electronic address: yxg03@notes.health.state.ny.us.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health and Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, The University at Albany, Empire State Plaza, P.O. Box 509, Albany, NY 12201 USA. Electronic address: kkannan@wadsworth.edu.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kannan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000633:toxicity / Q000652:urine; D001577:Benzophenones / Q000633:toxicity / Q000652:urine; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity* / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007889:Leiomyoma / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology*; D010636:Phenols / Q000633:toxicity / Q000652:urine; D010795:Phthalic Acids / Q000633:toxicity / Q000652:urine; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014599:Uterus / Q000187:drug effects; D055815:Young Adult; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D001577:Benzophenones; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D010636:Phenols; D010795:Phthalic Acids; D013473:Sunscreening Agents; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
keywords: Benzophenone; Bisphenol A; Fibroid; Phthalate; Ultraviolet filter