title: [Experiences with synopses of clinical guidelines using the example of synopses for Disease Management Programmes (DMP)].
abstract: Guideline synopses, i.e. the systematic synthesis of clinical practice guidelines, are used as a basis for Disease Management Programmes (DMPs) in Germany. One of the responsibilities of the German Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG) is the preparation of guideline synopses for DMPs. The article describes the experiences with this methodology.
  
  
  METHODS
  For the preparation of guideline synopses, a systematic search for evidence-based guidelines is conducted, and their recommendations are extracted and synthesised. In parallel, the quality of the guidelines is assessed using the AGREE instrument. The need for updating or supplementing a DMP is justified by means of the Grade of Recommendation (GoR) or, alternatively, the Level of Evidence (LoE).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Since 2006 IQWiG has synthesised recommendations from 256 evidence-based guidelines in 12 guideline synopses for DMPs. The results are then used by the Federal Joint Committee (G-BA) to update DMPs. Using the example of the 12 synopses, several analyses were conducted. It was determined that a search for guidelines in guideline databases is sufficient and that a search in bibliographic databases can be dispensed with. Furthermore, the analyses showed that a large proportion of recommendations in evidence-based guidelines are not clearly linked to a GoR or LoE. If GoR and LoE are provided, only about 42% of recommendations with a strong GoR also refer to a strong LoE. It was also shown that only 21 % of the analysed guideline providers supplied information on the handling of unpublished data. With consistent average to high values, the assessment of the methodological quality across all of the prepared synopses allows for the conclusion of a basically acceptable guideline quality, but with a need for improvement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A guideline synopsis is an established tool for identifying health care standards as a basis for developing and updating DMPs. Further methodological development, particularly in collaboration with guideline providers, appears to be reasonable. It should be examined whether guideline synopses are suitable not only for guideline and DMP development, but also for other health care issues.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Qualität und Wirtschaftlichkeit im Gesundheitswesen, Köln, Deutschland.
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Siering
authors.affiliation: Institut für Qualität und Wirtschaftlichkeit im Gesundheitswesen, Köln, Deutschland. Electronic address: alric.ruether@iqwig.de.
authors.forename: Alric
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rüther
mesh_terms: D019468:Disease Management; D017598:Efficiency, Organizational; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005858:Germany; D006302:Health Services Research / Q000458:organization & administration; D006801:Humans; D009313:National Health Programs / Q000458:organization & administration*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration*
keywords: Clinical practice guideline; Disease Management Programme (DMP); Disease Management Programmes (DMPs); Leitlinie; Leitliniensynopse; Versorgungsforschung; guideline synopsis; health services research