title: Maternal high-fat diet feeding during pregnancy and lactation augments lung inflammation and remodeling in the offspring.
abstract: Accumulating evidence suggests that maternal obesity increases the risk of their offspring developing noncommunicable diseases later in life, but the potential mechanisms, especially those resulting in abnormal respiratory conditions, are not thoroughly understood. Here, we used maternal high-fat diet (HFD) feeding during premating, pregnancy, and lactation to investigate the effect of maternal HFD on offspring lung development. Offspring birth weight and body weight and composition were measured. Serum leptin levels were measured by ELISA. Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and Masson's staining were used in paraffin-embedded lung sections. Levels of transfer growth factor-β (TGF-β) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were examined by immunohistochemistry and western blot, respectively. Maternal HFD feeding during pregnancy and lactation lead to higher birth weight, final body weight, fat accumulation and hyperleptinemia in offspring. Maternal HFD feeding aggravated lung inflammatory response in the offspring, resulting in inflammatory cell infiltration and collagen deposition potentially via the enhanced expression of TGF-β and α-SMA in the offspring.
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China; Key Laboratory of Paediatrics in Chongqing, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China; Key Laboratory of Paediatrics in Chongqing, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China; Key Laboratory of Paediatrics in Chongqing, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.
authors.forename: Dongjuan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China; Key Laboratory of Paediatrics in Chongqing, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.
authors.forename: Shuiqin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chai
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China; Key Laboratory of Paediatrics in Chongqing, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China; Key Laboratory of Paediatrics in Chongqing, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China; Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Centre for Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China. Electronic address: xiaoxq@cqmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiaoqiu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China; Key Laboratory of Paediatrics in Chongqing, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China. Electronic address: yinghuangchcqm@163.com.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001724:Birth Weight / Q000502:physiology; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D007774:Lactation; D020738:Leptin / Q000378:metabolism; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D020738:Leptin; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; C498862:Acta2 protein, rat
keywords: Fibrogenic factors; High-fat diet; Inflammation; Lung remodeling; Obesity