title: Dietary habits in patients with ischemic stroke: a case-control study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Diet appears to have some role in stroke development. The objective of our study was to describe the dietary habits in patients admitted with acute ischemic stroke and compare selected dietary components with healthy controls. Adherence to healthy diet behaviors was also assessed.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case-control study of consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke admitted to the Neurology Department of Hospital del Mar from 2007 to 2010. Patients were matched by age and sex with control subjects. A previously validated nutritional survey was administered to patients and controls. Demographic data, vascular risk factors, caloric intake and dietary nutrients were evaluated. Intention to follow a healthy diet was also assessed in both groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 300 acute ischemic stroke patients and 300 controls with evaluation of dietary habits. No differences were observed in vascular risk factors, except smoking habit, diabetes and ischemic heart disease. Stroke patients reported a higher caloric intake: 2444.8(1736.8-3244.5) vs 2208.7(1753.1-2860.7) Kcal, p = 0.001. After adjusting for energy intake, patients had higher intake of proteins (p<0.001; OR 1.02), total cholesterol (p = 0.001; OR 1.04), and breaded foods (p = 0.001; OR 1.94) and lower consumption of probiotic yogurt (p = 0.002; OR 0.88). Compared to patients, control participants indicated greater intention to eat vegetables (p = 0.002; OR 1.5) and whole foods (p = 0.000; OR 2.4) and reduce their intake of salt (p = 0.002; OR 1.7), fat (p = 0.000; OR 3.7) and sweets (p = 0.004; OR 1.7) than patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We observed different dietary patterns between stroke patients and controls. Stroke patients have a higher caloric intake and are less concerned about maintaining healthy nutritional habits.
authors.affiliation: Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Campello
authors.affiliation: Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiménez-Conde
authors.affiliation: Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Ángel
authors.initials: Á
authors.lastname: Ois
authors.affiliation: Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; DCEXS, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cuadrado-Godia
authors.affiliation: Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Giralt-Steinhauer
authors.affiliation: Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Barcelona, Spain; Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN-ULEC), Program of Research in Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Disorders (RICAD), IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Barcelona, Spain, CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Helmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schroeder
authors.affiliation: Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Gemma
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Romeral
authors.affiliation: Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Mireia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Llop
authors.affiliation: Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Soriano-Tárraga
authors.affiliation: Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Montserrat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garralda-Anaya
authors.affiliation: Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Barcelona, Spain; DCEXS, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Jaume
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Roquer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002149:Energy Intake; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000209:etiology*