title: Formation pathways of brominated products from benzophenone-4 chlorination in the presence of bromide ions.
abstract: The brominated products, formed in chlorination treatment of benzophenone-4 in the presence of bromide ions, were identified, and the formation pathways were proposed. Under disinfection conditions, benzophenone-4 would undertake electrophilic substitution generating mono- or di-halogenated products, which would be oxidized to esters and further hydrolyzed to phenol derivatives. The generated catechol intermediate would be transformed into furan-like heterocyclic product. The product species were pH-dependent, while benzophenone-4 elimination was chlorine dose-dependent. When the chlorination treatment was performed on ambient water spiked with benzophenone-4 and bromide ions, most of brominated byproducts could be detected, and the acute toxicity significantly increased as well.
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China. Electronic address: whyer1986@sina.com.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China. Electronic address: weidb@rcees.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Dongbin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China. Electronic address: whyer1986@sina.com.
authors.forename: Liping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China. Electronic address: whyer1986@sina.com.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China. Electronic address: whyer1986@sina.com.
authors.forename: Huimin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China. Electronic address: whyer1986@sina.com.
authors.forename: Yuguo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Du
mesh_terms: D001577:Benzophenones / Q000737:chemistry*; D001965:Bromides / Q000737:chemistry*; D004203:Disinfection; D054879:Halogenation; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001577:Benzophenones; D001965:Bromides; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C047723:benzophenone
keywords: Acute toxicity; Benzophenone; Brominated products; Chlorination; UV-filters