title: Assessment of acceptability and usability of new delivery prototype device for intradermal vaccination in healthy subjects.
abstract: The objectives of this study were to assess the acceptability and usability of a newly developed intradermal prototype device, VAX-ID™, in healthy subjects. In April 2012 an investigational study was conducted in healthy subjects aged 18 to 65 y. To compare injection site and route of administration, subjects were allocated to 4 subgroups, either receiving subsequently 2 intradermal (ID) injections (one in the forearm and one in the deltoid) or an ID (forearm) and an intramuscular (IM) (deltoid) injection. All injections contained saline solution. Acceptability was assessed with a subjects' questionnaire and a daily electronic diary for 5 d. Usability was assessed with a vaccinators' questionnaire and an expert panel. A 10-point Visual Analog Scale was used to score several statements on usability and acceptability. A total of 102 healthy subjects were enrolled in the study (age: 19-63). No statistically significant differences were seen in demographic characteristics between the ID and IM groups. Anxiety before injection, pain during injection and duration of injection were rated significantly lower for ID compared to IM. One day after the injections, redness was reported more often after ID injection in the forearm versus ID in the deltoid; pain at injection site was reported significantly more often after IM vs. ID injection. The new VAX-ID prototype device was found easy to handle, easy to use and safe. The new VAX-ID prototype device was shown to have a high degree of acceptability as well as usability. Further studies with VAX-ID will be conducted using vaccine antigen allowing assessment of immunogenicity and safety. Additionally, these studies will help to further improve VAX-ID in terms of accuracy of delivered dose and feedback to the vaccinator. (NCT01963338).
authors.affiliation: a Department of Nursing and Midwifery ; University of Antwerp; Campus Drie Eiken ; Wilrijk , Belgium.
authors.forename: Timothi J S
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Van Mulder
authors.forename: Stijn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Verwulgen
authors.forename: Koen C L
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Beyers
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Scheelen
authors.forename: Monique M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Elseviers
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Van Damme
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vankerckhoven
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007271:Injections, Intradermal; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D014611:Vaccination / Q000295:instrumentation*; D064232:Visual Analog Scale
keywords: injection device; intradermal; vaccination; vaccine delivery