title: Standardization of Procedures for the Preparation of (177)Lu- and (90)Y-labeled DOTA-Rituximab Based on the Freeze-dried Kit Formulation.
abstract: Rituximab when radiolabelled with (177)Lu or (90)Y has been investigated for the treatment of patients with Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma. In this study, we optimized the preparation of antibody conjugates with chelating agent in the freeze-dried kit. It shortens procedures needed for the successful radiolabeling with lutetium-177 and yttrium-90 and assures reproducible labelling yields. Various molar ratios of Rituximab:DOTA (from 1:5 to 1:100) were used at the conjugation step and different purification method to remove unbound DOTA were investigated (size-exclusion chromatography, dialysis, ultrafiltration). The final monoclonal antibody concentration was quantified by Bradford method, and the number of DOTA molecules was determined by radiolabeling assay using (64)Cu. The specific activity of (177)Lu-DOTA-Rituximab and (90)Y-DOTA-Rituximab were optimized using various amounts of radiometal. Quality control (SE-HPLC, ITLC) and stability study were performed. An average of 4.2 ± 0.8 p-SCN-Bz-DOTA molecules could be randomly conjugated to a single molecule of Rituximab. The ultrafiltration system was the most efficient for purification and resulted in the highest recovery efficiency (77.2%). At optimized conditions the (177)Lu-DOTARituximab and (90)Y-DOTA-Rituximab were obtained with radiochemical purity >99% and specific activity ca. 600 MBq/mg. The radioimmunoconjugates were stable in human serum and 0.9% NaCl. After 72 h of incubation the radiochemical purity of (177)Lu-DOTA-Rituximab decreased to 94% but it was still more than 88% for (90)Y-DOTA-Rituximab. The radioimmunoconjugate showed stability after six months storage at 2 - 8(0)C, as a lyophilized formulation. Our study shows that Rituximab-DOTA can be efficiently radiolabeled with (177)Lu and (90)Y via p-SCN-Bn-DOTA using a freezedried kit.
authors.affiliation: Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, Andrzeja Soltana 7, 05-400 Otwock, Poland. wioletta.wojdowska@polatom.pl.
authors.forename: Wioletta
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wojdowska
authors.forename: Urszula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Karczmarczyk
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maurin
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Garnuszek
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mikołajczak
mesh_terms: D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D004339:Drug Compounding / Q000379:methods; D005612:Freeze Drying; D006801:Humans; D000922:Immunotoxins / Q000737:chemistry*; D008187:Lutetium / Q000737:chemistry; D011868:Radioisotopes / Q000737:chemistry; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D000069283:Rituximab / Q000737:chemistry*; D015021:Yttrium Radioisotopes / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002614:Chelating Agents; D000922:Immunotoxins; D011868:Radioisotopes; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D015021:Yttrium Radioisotopes; D000069283:Rituximab; D008187:Lutetium