title: The Inheritance of Tourette Disorder: A review.
abstract: Georges Gilles de la Tourette, in describing the syndrome that now bears his name, observed that the condition aggregated within families. Over the last three decades, numerous studies have confirmed this observation, and demonstrated that familial clustering is due in part to genetic factors. Recent studies are beginning to provide clues about the underlying genetic mechanisms important for the manifestation of some cases of Tourette Disorder (TD). Evidence has come from different study designs, such as nuclear families, twins, multigenerational families, and case-control samples, together examining the broad spectrum of genetic variation including cytogenetic abnormalities, copy number variants, genome-wide association of common variants, and sequencing studies targeting rare and/orde novovariation. Each of these classes of genetic variation holds promise for identifying the causative genes and biological pathways contributing to this paradigmatic neuropsychiatric disorder.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114.
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Pauls
authors.affiliation: Child Study Center and Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520.
authors.forename: Thomas V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Fernandez
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143.
authors.forename: Carol A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Mathews
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143.
authors.forename: Matthew W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: State
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114 ; Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114.
authors.forename: Jeremiah M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Scharf
keywords: ADHD; Genetics; OCD; Review; Tourette Disorder