title: Bone mineral density in gravida: effect of pregnancies and breast-feeding in women of differing ages and parity.
abstract: Changes of bone during pregnancy and during lactation evaluated by bone mineral density (BMD) may have implications for risk of osteoporosis and fractures. We studied BMD in women of differing ages, parity, and lactation histories immediately postpartum for BMD, T-scores, and Z-scores. Institutional Review Board approval was received. All women while still in hospital postpartum were asked to participate. BMD was performed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) machine at femoral neck (FN) and lumbar spine (LS) by a single technician. Of 132 participants, 73 (55.3%) were ≤30 years; 27 (20.5%) were primiparous; 36 (27.3%) were grand multiparous; 35 (26.5%) never breast fed. Mean FN T-scores and Z-scores were higher than respective mean LS scores, but all means were within the normal limits. Mean LS T-scores and Z-scores were highest in the grand multiparas. There were only 2 (1.5%) outliers with low Z-scores. We conclude that, in a large cohort of Israeli women with BMD parameters assessed by DXA within two days postpartum, mean T-scores and Z-scores at both the LS and FN were within normal limits regardless of age (20-46 years), parity (1-13 viable births), and history of either no or prolonged months of lactation (up to 11.25 years).
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shaare Zedek Medical Center Affiliated with the Hebrew University Hadassah School of Medicine, P.O. Box 3235, 12 Bayit Street, 91031 Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Ehud
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9134-1721
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lebel
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shaare Zedek Medical Center Affiliated with the Hebrew University Hadassah School of Medicine, P.O. Box 3235, 12 Bayit Street, 91031 Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Yuri
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mishukov
authors.affiliation: Gaucher Clinic, Shaare Zedek Medical Center Affiliated with the Hebrew University Hadassah School of Medicine, P.O. Box 3235, 12 Bayit Street, 91031 Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Liana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Babchenko
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center Affiliated with the Hebrew University Hadassah School of Medicine, P.O. Box 3235, 12 Bayit Street, 91031 Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Arnon
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Samueloff
authors.affiliation: Gaucher Clinic, Shaare Zedek Medical Center Affiliated with the Hebrew University Hadassah School of Medicine, P.O. Box 3235, 12 Bayit Street, 91031 Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Ari
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zimran
authors.affiliation: Gaucher Clinic, Shaare Zedek Medical Center Affiliated with the Hebrew University Hadassah School of Medicine, P.O. Box 3235, 12 Bayit Street, 91031 Jerusalem, Israel ; Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center Affiliated with the Hebrew University Hadassah School of Medicine, P.O. Box 3235, 12 Bayit Street, 91031 Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9180-1679
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Elstein