title: GSTM1, GSTP1, and GSTT1 genetic variability in Turkish and worldwide populations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Glutathione S-transferase (GST) variants have been widely investigated to better understand their role in several pathologic conditions. To our knowledge, no data about these genetic polymorphisms within the Turkish population are currently available. The aim of this study was to analyze GSTM1 positive/null, GSTT1 positive/null, GSTP1*I105V (rs1695), and GSTP1*A114V (rs1138272) variants in the general Turkish population, to provide information about its genetic diversity, and predisposition to GST-related diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Genotyping was performed in 500 Turkish individuals using the Sequenom MassARRAY platform. A comparative analysis was executed using the data from the HapMap and Human Genome Diversity Projects (HGDP). Sequence variation was deeply explored using the Phase 1 data of the 1,000 Genomes Project.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The variability of GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 polymorphisms in the Turkish population was similar to that observed in Central Asian, European, and Middle Eastern populations. The high linkage disequilibrium between GSTP1*I105V and GSTP1*A114V in these populations may have a confounding effect on GSTP1 genetic association studies. In analyzing GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 sequence variation, we observed other common functional variants that may be candidates for associated studies of diseases related to GST genes (e.g., cancer, cardiovascular disease, and allergy).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides novel data about GSTM1 positive/null, GSTT1 positive/null, GSTP1*I105V, and GSTP1*A114V variants in the Turkish population, and other functional variants that may affect GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 functions among worldwide populations. This information can assist in the design of future genetic association studies investigating oxidative stress-related diseases.
authors.affiliation: School of Health Science, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey; GENAR Institute for Public Health and Genomics Research, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sefayet
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Karaca
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karaca
authors.forename: Tomris
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cesuroglu
authors.forename: Sema
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Erge
authors.forename: Renato
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Polimanti
mesh_terms: D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi / Q000235:genetics*; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; C413545:glutathione S-transferase T1