title: Lipopolysaccharide stimulation improves the odontoblastic differentiation of human dental pulp cells.
abstract: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is one of the causative agents of pulpitis and previous studies have demonstrated that the LPS stimulation of human aortic valve interstitial cells induces inflammatory mediators and the gene expression of osteogenic factors. Therefore, in the present study, it was hypothesized that LPS affects the odontoblastic differentiation of human dental pulp cells (hDPCs). In order to investigate this, an in vitro study using hDPCs was performed. Increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was observed in the hDPCs treated with LPS, which was more marked when the cells were costimulated with odontogenic induction medium (OM). LPS also appeared to increase the gene expression levels of dentin sialophosphoprotein and dentin matrix protein‑1 and the protein expression level of dental sialoprotein in the hDPCs, particularly in combination with OM. In addition, the size and the number of nodules formed in the hDPCs exposed to OM and LPS were increased compared to those stimulated by OM alone. To determine the role of nuclear factor κB (NF‑κB) during the LPS‑induced odontoblastic differentiation of hDPCs, immunofluorescence was performed. The nuclear translocation of NF‑κB, induced by LPS was confirmed, suggesting its involvement in the LPS‑induced increase in odontoblastic differentiation of hDPCs. In conclusion, there may be an association between LPS stimulation, with or without OM, and odontoblastic differentiation.
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School and Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yihua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School and Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Hongwei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School and Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Qimei
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School and Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xuyan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School and Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Junqi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ling
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology*; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009805:Odontogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D021381:Protein Transport; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult; D000099311:Dentin Sialophosphoprotein
chemical_list: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; D000099311:Dentin Sialophosphoprotein