title: Three-Dimensional Flexible Electronics Enabled by Shape Memory Polymer Substrates for Responsive Neural Interfaces.
abstract: Planar electronics processing methods have enabled neural interfaces to become more precise and deliver more information. However, this processing paradigm is inherently 2D and rigid. The resulting mechanical and geometrical mismatch at the biotic-abiotic interface can elicit an immune response that prevents effective stimulation. In this work, a thiol-ene/acrylate shape memory polymer is utilized to create 3D softening substrates for stimulation electrodes. This substrate system is shown to softenin vivofrom more than 600 to 6 MPa. A nerve cuff electrode that coils around the vagus nerve in a rat and that drives neural activity is demonstrated.
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Mailstop RL10, 800 West Campbell Rd., Richardson, TX 75080, USA.
authors.forename: Taylor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ware
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Mailstop RL10, 800 West Campbell Rd., Richardson, TX 75080, USA.
authors.forename: Dustin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
authors.forename: Keith
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hearon
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Mailstop RL10, 800 West Campbell Rd., Richardson, TX 75080, USA.
authors.forename: Clive
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, The University of Texas at Dallas, Mailstop RL10, 800 West Campbell Rd., Richardson, TX 75080, USA.
authors.forename: Sagar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Mailstop RL10, 800 West Campbell Rd., Richardson, TX 75080, USA.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Reeder
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Mailstop RL10, 800 West Campbell Rd., Richardson, TX 75080, USA.
authors.forename: Navid
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Khodaparast
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Mailstop RL10, 800 West Campbell Rd., Richardson, TX 75080, USA.
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Kilgard
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
authors.forename: Duncan J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Maitland
authors.affiliation: School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Erik Jonsson School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Mailstop RL10, 800 West Campbell Rd., Richardson, TX 75080, USA.
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Rennaker
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Mailstop RL10, 800 West Campbell Rd., Richardson, TX 75080, USA.
authors.forename: Walter E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Voit
keywords: flexible electronics; neural interfaces; shape memory polymers; stimuli-sensitive polymers; thermosets