title: Comprehensive phylogenetic reconstructions of Rift Valley fever virus: the 2010 northern Mauritania outbreak in the Camelus dromedarius species.
abstract: Rift valley fever (RVF) is a mosquito-borne disease of domestic and wild ruminants caused by RVF virus (RVFV), a phlebovirus (Bunyaviridae). RVF is widespread in Sub-Saharan Africa. In September of 2010, an RVF outbreak occurred in northern Mauritania involving mass abortions in small ruminants and camels (Camelus dromedarius) and at least 63 human clinical cases, including 13 deaths. In camels, serological prevalence was 27.5-38.5% (95% confidence interval, n=279). For the first time, clinical signs other than abortions were reported in this species, including hemorrhagic septicemia and severe respiratory distress in animals. We assessed the presence of RVFV in camel sera sampled during this outbreak and generated whole-genome sequences of RVFV to determine the possible origin of this RVFV strain. Phylogenetic analyses suggested a shared ancestor between the Mauritania 2010 strain and strains from Zimbabwe (2269, 763, and 2373), Kenya (155_57 and 56IB8), South Africa (Kakamas, SA75 and SA51VanWyck), Uganda (Entebbe), and other strains linked to the 1987 outbreak of RVF in Mauritania (OS1, OS3, OS8, and OS9).
authors.affiliation: 1 Centre National d'Elevage et de Recherche Vétérinaire (CNERV) , Nouakchott, Mauritania .
authors.forename: Ahmed B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: El Mamy
authors.forename: Modou M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.forename: Yaya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Thiongane
authors.forename: Mariame
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Diop
authors.forename: Katia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Isselmou
authors.forename: Baba
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Doumbia
authors.forename: Mohammed Ould
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Baba
authors.forename: Ahmed S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: El Arbi
authors.forename: Renaud
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lancelot
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kane
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Albina
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cêtre-Sossah
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002162:Camelus / Q000821:virology*; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D008435:Mauritania / Q000453:epidemiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D011891:Rain; D012295:Rift Valley Fever / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D012296:Rift Valley fever virus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral
keywords: Camelus dromedarius; Mauritania; Phylogenetic analysis; Rift Valley fever virus