title: The shikimate dehydrogenase family: functional diversity within a conserved structural and mechanistic framework.
abstract: Shikimate dehydrogenase (SDH) catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of 3-deydroshikimate to shikimate, an essential reaction in the biosynthesis of the aromatic amino acids and a large number of other secondary metabolites in plants and microbes. The indispensible nature of this enzyme makes it a potential target for herbicides and antimicrobials. SDH is the archetypal member of a large protein family, which contains at least four additional functional classes with diverse metabolic roles. The different members of the SDH family share a highly similar three-dimensional structure and utilize a conserved catalytic mechanism, but exhibit distinct substrate preferences, making the family a particularly interesting system for studying modes of substrate recognition used by enzymes. Here, we review our current understanding of the biochemical and structural properties of each of the five previously identified SDH family functional classes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B2, Canada.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peek
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B2, Canada; Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B2, Canada. Electronic address: dinesh.christendat@utoronto.ca.
authors.forename: Dinesh
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Christendat
mesh_terms: D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D055162:Biocatalysis; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009249:NADP / Q000737:chemistry*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D012765:Shikimic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; C096387:3-dehydroshikimate; D012765:Shikimic Acid; D009249:NADP; D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases; C022641:Shikimate dehydrogenase
keywords: Crystal structure; Enzyme family; Enzyme kinetics; Oxidoreductase; Quinate dehydrogenase; Shikimate dehydrogenase