title: Flow cytometry applications in the study of immunological lung disorders.
abstract: The use of flow cytometry in the clinical laboratory has grown substantially in the past decade. Flow cytometric analysis provides a rapid qualitative and quantitative description of multiple characteristics of individual cells. For example, it is possible to detect the cell size and granularity, aspects of DNA and RNA content and the presence of cell surface and nuclear markers which are used to characterize the phenotype of single cells. Flow cytometry has been used for the immunophenotyping of a variety of specimens including whole blood, bone marrow, serous cavity fluids, (cerebrospinal fluid) CSF, urine and all types of body fluids. The technique has also been applied to human bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, peritoneal fluids and blood. In this review, we describe the current status of the application of flow cytometry as a diagnostic tool in various lung diseases. We focus on the analysis of BAL cell composition in chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD), asthma, lung cancer, sarcoidosis, tuberculosis and idiopathic eosinophilic pneumonia (IEP).
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands. e.mortaz@uu.nl.
authors.forename: Esmaeil
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mortaz
authors.affiliation: Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center and National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Department of Immunology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. e.mortaz@uu.nl.
authors.forename: Hoda
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gudarzi
authors.affiliation: Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research and Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. e.mortaz@uu.nl.
authors.forename: Payam
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tabarsi
authors.affiliation: AirwaysDisease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK. e.mortaz@uu.nl.
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: M Adcock
authors.affiliation: Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center and National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Department of Immunology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. e.mortaz@uu.nl.
authors.forename: Mohamad Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Masjedi
authors.affiliation: Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center and National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Department of Immunology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. e.mortaz@uu.nl.
authors.forename: Hamid Reza
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Jamaati
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands, Department of Immunology, Nutricia Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands. e.mortaz@uu.nl.
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Garssen
authors.affiliation: Mycobacteriology Research Center (MRC) National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and lung diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. e.mortaz@uu.nl.
authors.forename: Ali Akbar
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Velayati
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands. e.mortaz@uu.nl.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: A Redegeld
mesh_terms: D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping / Q000379:methods*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000175:diagnosis; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*