title: Fatty liver disease, glucose tolerance and insulin resistance in obese adolescents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Adult studies suggest that intra-hepatic fat predicts 2-h blood glucose levels and type 2 diabetes, and may have a role in the development of insulin resistance. Our study objective was to explore relationships between intra-hepatic fat and (i) blood glucose levels and (ii) insulin resistance determined by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) in a group of obese adolescents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were 61 obese non-diabetic male and female volunteers aged 12-18 years inclusive with a body mass index >95th percentile for age and 2-h blood glucose <200 mg dL(-1) . Each subject underwent 2-h glucose tolerance testing and measurement of haemoglobin A1c, ultrasensitive C-reactive protein and fasting insulin. Visceral, subcutaneous abdominal and intra-hepatic fat were determined by magnetic resonance imaging. Intra-hepatic fat was measured by gradient echo chemical shift imaging.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Alanine aminotransferase levels and hepatic phase difference were not significant correlates of fasting or 2-h glucose. In a multiple regression model including hepatic phase difference and visceral fat volume, visceral fat volume was the sole predictor of HOMA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides no support to the notion that intra-hepatic fat has a role in the regulation of fasting blood glucose, 2-h postprandial blood glucose or systemic insulin resistance.
authors.affiliation: Clalit Health Organization, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Slyper
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, PA, USA.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rosenberg
authors.affiliation: Piedmont Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kabra
authors.affiliation: Department of Mathematics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA.
authors.forename: W-M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Clalit Health Organization, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Blech
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Institute, Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, PA, USA.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Matsumura
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005215:Fasting; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D019518:Postprandial Period
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007328:Insulin
keywords: Fatty liver; insulin resistance; intra-abdominal fat; obesity