title: Pregnancy after kidney and liver transplantation: its outcome and effect on the graft, mother, and neonate.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The influence of pregnancy on graft function in patients after solid organ transplantation is still uncertain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Our study is based on a group of 78 cases after liver (LTR) and/or renal transplantation (RTR) with 91 deliveries in the past 12 years in the 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Warsaw Medical University. We compared duration of pregnancy, mode of delivery, weight of neonates, and graft function.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Rate of preterm delivery was very high (74% RTR and 43% LTR). The average duration of pregnancy was shorter in the RTR than in the LTR group (34.7 vs. 36.8 p<0.001) with a high rate of cesarean sections (81.4% in RTR and 68.1% in LTR). Birth weight in LTR (2898 g) was higher than in RTR (2248 g) (p<0.0001). Currently, 29 RTR and 38 LTR have preserved graft function. Thus, graft survival in the study group is longer than in the general RTR or LTR population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pregnancy after kidney or liver transplantation does not seem to increase the risk of graft loss, but is associated with a higher risk of maternal and fetal complications. In our data these complications occur more often in the RTR group.
authors.affiliation: 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center For Postgraduate Medical Education, W. Orłowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Songin
authors.affiliation: 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Bronislawa
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pietrzak
authors.affiliation: 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brawura-Biskupski-Samaha
authors.affiliation: 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Bożena
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kociszewska-Najman
authors.affiliation: 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Zoulikha
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jabiry-Zieniewicz
authors.affiliation: 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cyganek
authors.affiliation: Department of Transplantation Medicine and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pazik
authors.affiliation: 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Mirosław
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wielgos
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001724:Birth Weight; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000209:etiology; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D018566:Pregnancy, High-Risk; D055815:Young Adult