title: Development and Reliability of the Functional Evaluation Scale for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, Gait Domain: A Pilot Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The progression of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) results in the emergence of multiple and varied synergies to compensate muscle weakness and to deal with the demands of the functional tasks (e.g. gait). No functional evaluation instrument for individuals with DMD allows the detailed description (subjective qualitative evaluation) and compensatory movement scoring (objective quantitative evaluation) exclusively of gait. For this reason, clinicians and therapists face difficulties in assessment and decision-making of this functional activity. This study aimed to elaborate the gait domain of the Functional Evaluation Scale for DMD (FES-DMD-GD) and test its intra-rater and inter-rater reliabilities and its relationship with age and timed motor performance.
  
  
  METHODS
  We listed all the compensatory movements observed in 102 10-m gait videos of 51 children with DMD. Based on this report, the FES-DMD-GD was created and submitted to the review of 10 experts. After incorporating the experts suggestions, three examiners scored the videos using the FES-DMD-GD. The intra-rater and inter-rater reliabilities was calculated. Spearman correlation tests investigated the relationships between FES-DMD-GD and age and timed motor performance (p < 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The FES-DMD-GD was composed of three phases and had 14 items to quantify compensatory movements on gait. Intra-class correlation coefficients ranged from acceptable (0.74) to excellent (0.99). FES-DMD-GD correlated to age and timed motor performance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This pilot version of FES-DMD-GD showed reliability and correlated to age and timed motor performance.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Physical Therapy and Behavior, Post Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, Speech and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Rua Cipotânea, 51, 05360-000, São Paulo/SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eduardo Vital
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: de Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Physical Therapy and Behavior, Post Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, Speech and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Rua Cipotânea, 51, 05360-000, São Paulo/SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Michele Emy
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Hukuda
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Physical Therapy and Behavior, Post Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, Speech and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Rua Cipotânea, 51, 05360-000, São Paulo/SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Escorcio
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Physical Therapy and Behavior, Post Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, Speech and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Rua Cipotânea, 51, 05360-000, São Paulo/SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mariana Callil
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Voos
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Physical Therapy and Behavior, Post Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, Speech and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Rua Cipotânea, 51, 05360-000, São Paulo/SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fátima Aparecida
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Caromano
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology*; D020233:Gait Disorders, Neurologic / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020388:Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D015588:Observer Variation; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D010865:Pilot Projects; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012737:Sex Factors; D014741:Video Recording / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Duchenne muscular dystrophy; evaluation; gait; gait reliability; scales