title: Assessment of vitamin D status in children aged 1-5 with simple obesity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Proper vitamin D intake is important due to its pleiotropic effect. It seems that obese population is a groups at risk of the vitamin D deficiency.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the vitamin D status in 1-5-year-old children with simple obesity.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 100 children: classified according to their body mass index (BMI) as obese - Group I (n=50) and non-obese - Group II (n=50). Their serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations were determined in the spring-summer and autumn-winter seasons and vitamin D intake (diet/supplements) was assessed. The study results were statistically analysed by means of Statistica 10PL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In Group I the mean serum 25(OH)D level was 23.6±10.8 ng/ml, while in Group II it reached 26.6±9.8 ng/ml (p=0.08). The concentration ≤30 ng/ml was observed in 80% of children in Group I and in 70% of Group II. In autumn- winter and spring-summer period, respectively, 88.5% and 70.9% of the obese children had an insufficient vitamin D status (p=0.002). The mean daily intake of vitamin D was 128 IU (3.2 µg) in Group I and 188 IU (4.7 µg) in Group II.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Children aged 1-5 (obese and non-obese) are a group at risk of the vitamin D deficiency, as a consequence of its insufficient intake and the lack of appropriate supplementation. Those particularly exposed to that risk are obese children in the autumn-winter season. Children aged 1-5 should be monitored with regard to their vitamin D status.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  vitamin D, obesity, children, obese children, vitamin D deficiency.
authors.forename: Hanna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dyląg
authors.forename: Grażyna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rowicka
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Strucińska
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Riahi
mesh_terms: D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D002669:Child Welfare; D015897:Comorbidity; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011044:Poland; D015995:Prevalence; D012621:Seasons; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D