title: Epigenetic mechanisms of breast cancer: an update of the current knowledge.
abstract: Epigenetic alterations are heritable changes in gene expression that occur without causing any change in DNA sequence. They are important key factors for cancer development and prognosis. Breast cancer is induced by the accumulation of altered gene regulation. Besides genetic mutations, epigenetics mechanisms have an important role in breast cancer tumorigenesis. Investigations related with aberrant epigenetic regulations in breast cancer focus on initiating molecular mechanisms in cancer development, identification of new biomarkers to predict breast cancer aggressiveness and the potential of epigenetic therapy. In this review, we will summarize the recent knowledge about the role of epigenetic alterations related with DNA methylation and histone modification in breast cancer. In addition, altered regulation of breast cancer specific genes and the potential of epigenetic therapy will be discussed according to epigenetic mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncogenetics, Centre Jean Perrin-CBRV, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Seher
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Karsli-Ceppioglu
authors.forename: Aslihan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dagdemir
authors.forename: Gaëlle
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Judes
authors.forename: Marjolaine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ngollo
authors.forename: Frédérique
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Penault-Llorca
authors.forename: Amaury
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pajon
authors.forename: Yves-Jean
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Bignon
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bernard-Gallon
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D019175:DNA Methylation; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006657:Histones
keywords: BRCA1; DNA methylation; EZH2; breast cancer; epigenetic therapy; epigenetics; estrogen; histone modification