title: The biological activities of cinnamon, geranium and lavender essential oils.
abstract: Acinetobacter sp. represent an important cause of nosocomial infections. Their resistance to some antibiotics, their ability to survive on inanimate surfaces in the hospital environment and their ability to produce biofilms contributes to their virulence. The aim of the study was to determine the antibacterial properties of cinnamon, lavender and geranium essential oils against bacteria of the genus Acinetobacter isolated from several clinical materials and from the hospital environment. A comprehensive evaluation of the susceptibility of Acinetobacter sp. clinical strains to recommended antibiotics was performed. The constituents of cinnamon, lavender and geranium essential oils were identified by GC-FID-MS analysis, and their Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) against tested clinical strains were determined by the micro-dilution broth method. In addition, the effects of essential oils on the viability of human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) and glioblastoma cell line (T98G) were evaluated. Cinnamon bark oil was the most active against clinical and environmental strains of Acinetobacter baumannii with MIC values ranging from 0.5 to 2.5 µL/mL. The MIC values for geranium oil were between 7.5 and 9.5 µL/mL, and between 10.5 and 13.0 µL/mL for lavender oil. These essential oils can be best employed in the fight against infections caused by bacteria from Acinetobacter genus as components of formulations for hygiene and disinfection of hospital environment.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Biology Department, Medical University of Lodz, ul Żeligowskiego 7/9, Lodz 90-752, Poland. monika.sienkiewicz@umed.lodz.pl.
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sienkiewicz
authors.affiliation: Environmental Biology Department, Medical University of Lodz, ul Żeligowskiego 7/9, Lodz 90-752, Poland. anna.glowacka1@umed.lodz.pl.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Głowacka
authors.affiliation: Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Medical University of Lodz, ul Żeligowskiego 7/9, Lodz 90-752, Poland. edward.kowalczyk@umed.lodz.pl.
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kowalczyk
authors.affiliation: Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Medical University of Lodz, ul Żeligowskiego 7/9, Lodz 90-752, Poland. anna.wiktorowska-owczarek@umed.lodz.pl.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wiktorowska-Owczarek
authors.affiliation: Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Medical University of Lodz, ul Żeligowskiego 7/9, Lodz 90-752, Poland. marta.jozwiak-bebenista@umed.lodz.pl.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jóźwiak-Bębenista
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Medical Laboratory Immunology, Medical University of Lodz, ul Pomorska 251, Lodz 92-213, Poland. monika.lysakowska@umed.lodz.pl.
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Łysakowska
mesh_terms: D040981:Acinetobacter baumannii / Q000187:drug effects; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002935:Cinnamomum zeylanicum / Q000737:chemistry; D031315:Geranium / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D027523:Lavandula / Q000737:chemistry; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010938:Plant Oils; C510046:cinnamon oil, bark; C045718:lavender oil