title: [Comparative characteristics of the stem cells isolated from subcutaneous and subepicardial adipose tissue].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Stem cells (SCs) considerably vary in morphological, immunophenotypic, proliferative, and differentiation characteristics depending on their tissue source. The comparative analysis of their biological properties is essential for the optimal choice of SCs for regenerative therapies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using immunocytochemistry, flow cytometry, histochemistry and real-time RT-PCR, we have investigated SCs obtained from human subepicardial (SEC-AT) and subcutaneous (SC-AT) adipose tissue and cultured under similar culture conditions without any differentiation-promoting factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The cultures were similar in the high proportion of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-positive cells. In both cultures, immunophenotyping has revealed high expression of mesenchymal stem cell surface markers CD29, CD44, CD73, and CD105, low expression of CD31, CD34 and CD45, and wide variability in CD117, CD146 and CD309 expression. The only distinction in CD marker profile was significantly lower expression of CD90 in SCs from SEC-AT. Histochemical analysis has shown the lack of Oil Red O-positive cells in both cultures and about ten-fold higher number of alkaline phosphatase-positive cells among SCs from SC-AT. In the both cultures, immunocytochemistry has detected similar low expression of slow myosin heavy chain marker MAB1628 and smooth muscle actin marker α-hSMA. Gap junctional protein Connexin-43 expression was markedly higher in SCs from SC-AT, and epithelial cell marker Cytokeratin-19 expression was detected only in these cells. By RT-PCR, GATA4 mRNA was found to be highly expressed only in SCs from SEC-AT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that SC-AT, as compared with SEC-AT, is richer in epithelial cell and osteogenic progenitors. In turn, SEC-AT possesses cardiomyogenic SCs, and can be considered as an alternative to SC-AT as a source of SCs for cell cardiotherapy.
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Krylova
authors.forename: O A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Bystrova
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Khudiakov
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Malashicheva
authors.forename: O M
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Moiseeva
authors.forename: V V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Zenin
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Martynova
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D000328:Adult; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001391:Azo Compounds; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D018031:Connexin 43 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D050991:GATA4 Transcription Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D053539:Keratin-19 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010496:Pericardium / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D050151:Subcutaneous Fat / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C541116:ACTA2 protein, human; D000199:Actins; D015703:Antigens, CD; D001391:Azo Compounds; D015415:Biomarkers; D018031:Connexin 43; D050991:GATA4 Transcription Factor; C484170:GATA4 protein, human; C500216:GJA1 protein, human; D053539:Keratin-19; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains; C011049:oil red O