title: Assessment of iodine status and associated factors in vulnerable populations in Henan Province, China, in 2012.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Iodine content in table salt was adjusted from 30-50 mg/kg to 21-39 mg/kg from March of 2012 in Henan Province, China. The vulnerable population may be at risk of iodine deficiency.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether the iodine intake was sufficient in vulnerable populations and to investigate what factors may be associated with iodine status in these vulnerable populations in Henan Province, China.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 17 cities in Henan Province, China, from April 2012 to December 2012 to assess the iodine status in vulnerable populations, including women of reproductive-age (n=2648), pregnant women (n=39684), lactating women (n=6859), infants <2 years of age (n=16481), and children aged 8-10 years (n=3198). Questionnaires (n=4865) related to demographic and dietary factors were collected from the investigated women to identify factors that were related to iodine intake and iodine status.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median urinary iodine concentrations (mUICs) were 205 μg/L, 198 μg/L, 167 μg/L, 205 μg/L and 200 μg/L, respectively, in reproductiveage, pregnant and lactating women, infants <2 years of age and children aged 8-10 years. Higher income, and consuming more poultry and fish in the diet had positive impact on UIC levels. Low salt intake, consuming more rice and vegetables in the diet were negative factors for UIC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Iodine status of the vulnerable populations was generally adequate in Henan Province, China, according to WHO criteria. But the mUICs were slightly above the adequate level in reproductive-age women and children aged 8-10 years. It's important to monitor the iodine status in vulnerable populations after the adjustment on iodine content in table salt.
authors.affiliation: Department for Endemic Disease Control and Prevention, Henan Provincial Centre for Disease Control, No.105 Nongye Nan Road, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou, 450016, China. yangjin6429@163.com.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Heming
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Xiaofeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Zongyu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.forename: Gan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yanli
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002648:Child; D002681:China; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet; D004039:Diet, Sodium-Restricted / Q000009:adverse effects; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D005399:Fishes; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D007223:Infant; D007455:Iodine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000652:urine*; D007774:Lactation / Q000652:urine; D008297:Male; D009752:Nutritional Status; D012275:Oryza; D011200:Poultry; D011247:Pregnancy; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014675:Vegetables; D035862:Vulnerable Populations
chemical_list: D007455:Iodine