title: Effects of green tea application time on bond strength after enamel bleaching.
abstract: This study evaluated the effect of green tea application time on the bond strength of enamel after enamel bleaching. Enamel samples were obtained from 80 third molars and randomly divided into 7 experimental groups (G1-G7) and 1 group without treatment (G8): G1, bleached with 10% carbamide peroxide (CP); G2, CP + 10% sodium ascorbate gel (SA) for 15 min; G3, CP + SA for 30 min; G4, CP + SA for 60 min; G5, CP + 10% green tea gel (GT) for 15 min; G6, CP + GT for 30 min; G7, CP + GT for 60 min. The CP was applied onto the enamel surface for 8 h for 14 days. The SA was applied in groups 2, 3 and 4, and the GT was applied in groups 5-8 according to the above described application times. Immediately after treatment, the specimens were bonded with Adper Single Bond 2 and Filtek Z350XT. The specimens were prepared to microtensile bond strength analysis. Fracture mode analysis was performed using a stereoscopic loupe. The data were statistically analyzed by two-way analysis of variance, the Tukey's and Dunnett's tests (=5%). The means (standard deviation) were: G1, 23.3 (3.2); G2, 25.2 (3.9); G3, 26.4 (5.4); G4, 30.2 (4.5); G5, 26.6 (3.4); G6, 22.0 (5.4); G7, 31.4 (3.3); G8, 31.4 (3.2). All groups had a high percentage of adhesive failures. In conclusion, the bond strength values were higher than the value in the bleached group only when the antioxidants were applied for 60 min.
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, University of North Parana, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andrezza Astafief
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Ozelin
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, University of North Parana, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ricardo Danil
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Guiraldo
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, University of North Parana, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rodrigo Varella de
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, University of North Parana, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Murilo Baena
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, University of North Parana, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sandrine Bittencourt
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Berger
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental / Q000379:methods; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D002392:Catechin / Q000737:chemistry; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D010545:Peroxides / Q000737:chemistry; D010756:Phosphoric Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D011897:Random Allocation; D012464:Saliva, Artificial / Q000737:chemistry; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013662:Tea; D013718:Tensile Strength; D013997:Time Factors; D058205:Tooth Bleaching Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D014508:Urea / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: C554641:Adper single bond 2; D000975:Antioxidants; D003188:Composite Resins; D003738:Dental Cements; D003764:Dental Materials; D010545:Peroxides; D010756:Phosphoric Acids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012464:Saliva, Artificial; D013662:Tea; D058205:Tooth Bleaching Agents; C533204:filtek Z350; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D002392:Catechin; D014508:Urea; C030242:phosphoric acid; D001205:Ascorbic Acid