title: Differential Effect of Endurance Training on Mitochondrial Protein Damage, Degradation, and Acetylation in the Context of Aging.
abstract: Acute aerobic exercise increases reactive oxygen species and could potentially damage proteins, but exercise training (ET) enhances mitochondrial respiration irrespective of age. Here, we report a differential impact of ET on protein quality in young and older participants. Using mass spectrometry we measured oxidative damage to skeletal muscle proteins before and after 8 weeks of ET and find that young but not older participants reduced oxidative damage to both total skeletal muscle and mitochondrial proteins. Young participants showed higher total and mitochondrial derived semitryptic peptides and 26S proteasome activity indicating increased protein degradation. ET however, increased the activity of the endogenous antioxidants in older participants. ET also increased skeletal muscle content of the mitochondrial deacetylase SIRT3 in both groups. A reduction in the acetylation of isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 was observed following ET that may counteract the effect of acute oxidative stress. In conclusion aging is associated with an inability to improve skeletal muscle and mitochondrial protein quality in response to ET by increasing degradation of damaged proteins. ET does however increase muscle and mitochondrial antioxidant capacity in older individuals, which provides increased buffering from the acute oxidative effects of exercise.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism.
authors.forename: Matthew L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism.
authors.forename: Brian A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Irving
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism.
authors.forename: Ian R
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Lanza
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Present address: Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Mikkel H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Vendelbo
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism.
authors.forename: Adam R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Konopka
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism.
authors.forename: Matthew M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism.
authors.forename: Gregory C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Henderson
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism.
authors.forename: Katherine A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Klaus
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism.
authors.forename: Dawn M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Morse
authors.affiliation: Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and.
authors.forename: Carrie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Heppelmann
authors.affiliation: Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and.
authors.forename: H Robert
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Bergen
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Surendra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dasari
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism.
authors.forename: Jill M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Schimke
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism.
authors.forename: Daniel R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Jakaitis
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, nair@mayo.edu.
authors.forename: K Sreekumaran
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Nair
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008931:Mitochondria, Muscle / Q000502:physiology*; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology*; D059748:Proteolysis; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins
keywords: Aging; Mitochondria; Oxidative damage; Proteasome.; Sarcopenia