title: Functional approach to a Class II patient with upper first molar impaction.
abstract: The lack of the left first molar maxillary and the left second molar maxillary, caused respectively by impaction and agenesis is a very rare case, which determines an important occlusal imbalance and asymmetrical mandible movement. A gnatologic and functional orthodontic approach were planned to improve the retrognathic mandible and the muscular activity using kinesiograph and electromyography.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, University of Florence, Via Ponte di Mezzo 46, Florence 50125, Italy.
authors.forename: Giacomo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: D'Orlandi
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Raguzzi
authors.forename: Efisio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Defraia
authors.forename: Felicita
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pierleoni
mesh_terms: D000848:Anodontia / Q000628:therapy*; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D004576:Electromyography / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000628:therapy*; D019186:Mandibular Advancement / Q000379:methods; D008406:Masseter Muscle / Q000503:physiopathology; D008437:Maxilla / Q000473:pathology; D008963:Molar / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000473:pathology*; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D020247:Myofunctional Therapy / Q000379:methods; D009334:Neck Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology; D017289:Orthodontic Appliances, Functional; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D063173:Retrognathia / Q000628:therapy; D013703:Temporal Muscle / Q000503:physiopathology; D014095:Tooth, Impacted / Q000628:therapy*