title: Biochemical changes in certain enzymes of Lysapsus limellium (Anura: Hylidae) exposed to chlorpyrifos.
abstract: Different enzyme biomarkers (AChE: acetylcholinesterase, CbE: carboxylesterase, GST: glutathione-S-transferase, CAT: catalase) were measured in digestive tissues of Lysapsus limellum frogs collected from a rice field (RF: chlorpyriphos sprayed by aircraft) and a non-contaminated area (RS: reference site), immediately (24h) and 168 h after aerial spraying with chlorpyrifos (CPF). CPF degradation was also searched in water samples collected from RF and RS, and found that insecticide concentration was reduced to≈6.78% of the original concentration in RF at 168 h. A significant reduction of AChE and CbE activities was detected in L. limellum from RF in stomach and liver at 24 and 168 h, and in intestine only at 24h, with respect to RS individuals. CAT activity decreased in intestine of L. limellum from RF 24h and 168 h after exposure to CPF, whereas GST decreased in that tissue only at 24h. In stomach and liver, a decrease was observed only at 168 h in both CAT and GST. The use of biomarkers (AChE, CbE, GST, and CAT) provides different lines of evidences for ecotoxicological risk assessment of wild frog populations at sites contaminated with pesticides.
authors.affiliation: Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Faculty of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, National University of Littoral (ESS-FBCB-UNL), Paraje el Pozo s/n, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina; National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET)-Faculty of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences (ESS-FBCB-UNL), Paraje el Pozo s/n, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina. Electronic address: mattademo@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Andrés
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maximiliano Attademo
authors.affiliation: Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Faculty of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, National University of Littoral (ESS-FBCB-UNL), Paraje el Pozo s/n, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina; National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET)-Faculty of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences (ESS-FBCB-UNL), Paraje el Pozo s/n, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mariela Peltzer
authors.affiliation: Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Faculty of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, National University of Littoral (ESS-FBCB-UNL), Paraje el Pozo s/n, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina; National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET)-Faculty of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences (ESS-FBCB-UNL), Paraje el Pozo s/n, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Carlos Lajmanovich
authors.affiliation: Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Faculty of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, National University of Littoral (ESS-FBCB-UNL), Paraje el Pozo s/n, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina; Normal Morphology signature -Faculty of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences (ESS-FBCB-UNL), Paraje el Pozo s/n, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cabagna-Zenklusen
authors.affiliation: Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Faculty of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, National University of Littoral (ESS-FBCB-UNL), Paraje el Pozo s/n, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina; National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET)-Faculty of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences (ESS-FBCB-UNL), Paraje el Pozo s/n, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
authors.forename: Celina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: María Junges
authors.affiliation: Contamination and Remediation soil Signature. Faculty of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, National University of Litoral (ESS-FBCB-UNL), Paraje el Pozo s/n, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lorenzatti
authors.affiliation: Normal Morphology signature -Faculty of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences (ESS-FBCB-UNL), Paraje el Pozo s/n, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aró
authors.affiliation: Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Faculty of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, National University of Littoral (ESS-FBCB-UNL), Paraje el Pozo s/n, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Grenón
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001001:Anura / Q000378:metabolism*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism*; D043182:Carboxylesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D004390:Chlorpyrifos / Q000633:toxicity*; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D007422:Intestines / Q000201:enzymology; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D012275:Oryza; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D013270:Stomach / Q000201:enzymology; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D010575:Pesticides; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002374:Catalase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D043182:Carboxylesterase; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D004390:Chlorpyrifos
keywords: Biomarkers; Chlorpyrifos; Lysapsus limellum; Rice field