title: Results and complications of surgeons-in-training learning bimanual microincision cataract surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate visual outcomes and complications of bimanual microincision cataract surgery performed by surgeons in training.
  
  
  METHODS
  Institute of Ophthalmology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  The corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), astigmatism, corneal pachymetry, and endothelial cell count were evaluated before and 7 and 30 days after bimanual MICS performed by surgeons in training. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were also recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three surgeons in training performed bimanual MICS in 150 eyes of 131 patients. There were 18 intraoperative complications (12.0%) (10 iris traumas [6.6%]; 4 capsule ruptures without vitreous loss [2.7%]; 3 capsule ruptures with vitreous loss [2.0%]; 1 intraocular lens [IOL] implantation in the sulcus due to zonular laxity [0.7%]). There were 5 postoperative complications (3.3%) (2 iris prolapses [1.3%]; 1 IOL loop malposition [0.7%]; 1 narrowing of anterior chamber [0.7%]; 1 capsulorhexis phimosis [0.7%]). Thirty days postoperatively, the mean CDVA improvement was 0.53 ± 0.20 (Snellen decimal) (P < .05), the mean decrease in astigmatism was 0.09 ± 0.54 diopter (P = .29), and the mean increase in corneal pachymetry was 7.42 ± 22.01 μm (P = .12). There was statistically significant endothelial cell loss (mean 496.50 ± 469.66 cells/mm(2)) (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bimanual MICS performed by surgeons in training was safe and effective. Visual outcomes and complication rates were similar to those reported for coaxial cataract surgery performed by surgeons in training.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  No author has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Ophthalmology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy. Electronic address: cavallini.gianmaria@unimore.it.
authors.forename: Gian Maria
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Cavallini
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Ophthalmology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Veronica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Volante
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Ophthalmology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Tommaso
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Verdina
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Ophthalmology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Forlini
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Ophthalmology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Chiara
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Bigliardi
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Ophthalmology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Maria
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Ophthalmology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Giulio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Torlai
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Ophthalmology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Giancarlo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Delvecchio
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001251:Astigmatism / Q000503:physiopathology; D002387:Cataract Extraction / Q000193:education*; D002983:Clinical Competence; D055954:Corneal Endothelial Cell Loss / Q000503:physiopathology; D063171:Corneal Pachymetry; D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007396:Internship and Residency; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D059032:Learning Curve; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular; D008297:Male; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000193:education; D008875:Middle Aged; D009885:Ophthalmology / Q000193:education*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology*