title: Taxonomy and structure of Persian personality-descriptive trait terms.
abstract: We described the development of a taxonomy of Persian personality-descriptive terms in two studies. In Study 1, judges scanned Persian dictionaries and several Persian novels for person-descriptive terms. The resulting set of person-descriptive terms was classified into different categories of description, including the category of dispositional trait-descriptive adjectives. Of the 544 most familiar traits, 126 traits were selected to collect self-ratings. In Study 2, self-ratings were provided by 2400 students. Ratings were factor analysed (Principal Components Analysis) followed by Varimax rotation. Factor structures with two to six factors were discussed. The two-factor structure and the three-factor structure confirm the Big Two and the Big Three, respectively. Of the structures with five and six factors, the five-factor structure appears to be the more appropriate choice, with the factors labelled Morality, Positive versus Negative Emotionality, Achievement, Thoughtfulness and Affection. Gender differences were measured on both the five-factor structure and the six-factor structure. The discussion section emphasised both cross-cultural commonalities and cultural deviations in reference to the Big Five.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Farahani
authors.affiliation: Heymans Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Boele
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: De Raad
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Valiolla
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Farzad
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mahmood
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fotoohie
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002755:Choice Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D009014:Morals; D010551:Personality / Q000145:classification*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D013334:Students; D013850:Thinking; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: cross-cultural; gender differences; personality structure; trait taxonomy