title: The prevalence of fatigue and associated health and safety risk factors among taxi drivers in Singapore.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Driver fatigue is one of the biggest health and safety concerns within the road transport sector. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of fatigue among taxi drivers in Singapore, to better understand the general working and health conditions of this group of people and to determine the risk factors associated with fatigued driving.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 340 taxi drivers were randomly selected for participation in this self-administered questionnaire survey, with height and weight measurements. The response rate was 68.2%. The survey consisted of four main categories: personal particulars; social habits; work patterns and sleep profile; and Epworth Sleepiness Scale, which was used to estimate the level of daytime sleepiness and fatigue. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the adjusted odd ratios and 95% confidence intervals associated with the risk factors related to fatigue among the taxi drivers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A high proportion of the taxi drivers were obese and had self-reported hypertension, diabetes mellitus and high cholesterol. Driver fatigue was associated with very poor/poor self-rating of the quality of sleep, having an additional part-time job, drinking three or more caffeinated drinks daily, and driving more than 10 hours a day.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We hope that the findings of the present study will improve the awareness regarding the work and health conditions of taxi drivers, and contribute toward the effort to achieve a healthier workforce. A lower prevalence of fatigued driving will lead to lower risks of road traffic accidents, decreased economic loss, increased productivity, and safer roads for all.
authors.affiliation: National University Health System, National University Hospital, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Tower Block, Level 6, Singapore 119228. seeming.lim@mohh.com.sg.
authors.forename: See Ming
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Sin Eng
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Chia
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001334:Automobile Driving; D001827:Body Height; D001835:Body Weight; D002110:Caffeine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005221:Fatigue / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012449:Safety; D012846:Singapore; D012890:Sleep; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014940:Work Schedule Tolerance
chemical_list: D002110:Caffeine