title: Composite liver tumors: a radiologic-pathologic correlation.
abstract: Bi-phenotypic neoplasm refers to tumors derived from a common cancer stem cell with unique capability to differentiate histologically into two distinct tumor types. Bi-phenotypic hepatocellular carcinoma-cholangiocarcinoma (HCC-CC), although a rare tumor, is important for clinicians to recognize, since treatment options targeting both elements of the tumor are crucial. Imaging findings of bi-phenotypic HCC-CC are not specific and include features of both HCC and CC. A combination of imaging and immuno-histochemical analysis is usually needed to make the diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Megha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nayyar
authors.affiliation: University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, USA.
authors.forename: David K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Imagawa
authors.affiliation: Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
authors.forename: Temel
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tirkes
authors.affiliation: University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Aram N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Demirjian
authors.affiliation: University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Roozbeh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Houshyar
authors.affiliation: Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
authors.forename: Kumar
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sandrasegaran
authors.affiliation: University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Chaitali S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Nangia
authors.affiliation: University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Tara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Seery
authors.affiliation: University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bhargava
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Seoul St.Mary's Hospital, the Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Joon Ii
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Chandana
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lall
mesh_terms: D018395:CA-19-9 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D010641:Phenotype; D012307:Risk Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D018395:CA-19-9 Antigen; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins
keywords: Bi-phenotypic tumors; Cholangiocarcinoma; Computed tomography, Magnetic resonance imaging; Hepatoceullular carcinoma