title: Influence of preoperative velar closing ratio and lateral wall movement on outcomes of Furlow palatoplasty for velopharyngeal incompetence.
abstract: Currently, there is no consensus regarding how to determine the optimal surgical procedure for a patient with velopharyngeal incompetence (VPI) post-primary palate repair. The purpose of the present study was to assess the effect of preoperative velar closing ratio (VCR) and lateral wall movement (LWM) on nasal emission and hypernasality after Furlow double-opposing Z-plasty. A retrospective analysis involving patients with VPI post-primary palatoplasty whose VPI was treated with double-opposing Z-plasty by a single surgeon was performed. Ten consecutive patients with VPI postpalatoplasty were reviewed. Videonasendoscopy, videofluoroscopy and perceptual speech examinations were performed preoperatively and postoperatively. VCR improved from an mean of 0.5 preoperatively (range 0.1 to 0.95) to 0.9 postoperatively (range 0.55 to 1.0). Postoperative mean LWM was 0.5 (range 0.3 to 0.9), unchanged from preoperative ratings. A trend toward an inverse relationship between preoperative VCR and improvement in hypernasality and resolution of nasal emission was observed. No relationship was noted between the degree of preoperative LWM and mean improvement in hypernasality. However, patients with worse preoperative LWM experienced better resolution of nasal emission postoperatively.
authors.affiliation: Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.
authors.forename: Arshad R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Muzaffar
authors.affiliation: Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.
authors.forename: Gale
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rice
authors.affiliation: Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.
authors.forename: Bradley
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hubbard
authors.affiliation: Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Killion
keywords: Furlow double-opposing Z-plasty; Lateral wall movement; Velar closing ratio; Velopharyngeal insufficiency