title: Exploring traditional and cyberbullying among Irish adolescents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to explore the associations of traditional and cyberbullying victimisation with self-reported health and life satisfaction, and to examine whether involvement in risk behaviours contributes to these health outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We asked questions on involvement in traditional and cyberbullying, risk behaviours, self-reported health and life satisfaction to school children. In total, 318 students aged from 15 to 18 years old in 8 post-primary schools in Ireland completed the survey.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Children who were victims of bullying were more likely to report poor health, low life satisfaction and engaging in risky behaviours. Although not statistically significant, we found that cyber victimisation was positively associated with increased reporting of poor health and low life satisfaction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Traditional bullying is the most common type of bullying among school children in Ireland, and overall, seems to have a stronger association with poor health. However, a sizable proportion of children are victims of cyberbullying or of both cyberbullying and traditional bullying. It is, therefore, important to acknowledge, identify and address all types of bullying to improve the health outcomes of children.
authors.affiliation: Health Promotion Research Centre, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland, mary.callaghan@nuigalway.ie.
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Callaghan
authors.forename: Colette
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Molcho
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D058445:Bullying / Q000523:psychology*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D019548:Crime Victims / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007494:Ireland / Q000453:epidemiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D010865:Pilot Projects; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012494:Sampling Studies; D012574:Schools / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D061108:Social Media; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires