title: Zeyheria montana Mart. (Bignoniaceae) as source of antioxidant and immunomodulatory compounds with beneficial effects on intestinal inflammation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Zeyheria montana is a medicinal plant used in Brazilian folk medicine for treating skin affections, ulcers, inflammation and diarrhoea, and as an antisyphilitic and antiblenorrhagic agent, but little is known about its mechanisms of action. Herein, a bio-guided assay was carried out to further evaluate its antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects, and the possible benefits on experimental intestinal inflammation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Extracts, partitions, fractions and isolated compounds were tested for inhibition of lipid peroxidation. Isolated compounds were tested in vitro for its antioxidant and immunomodulatory action prior to in-vivo evaluation in trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid-induced rat colitis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two major compounds were identified in the leaf dichloromethane extract: 3'-hydroxy-5,7,4'-trimethoxyflavone and 6-hydroxy-5,7-dimethoxyflavone, which exhibited an antioxidant activity. The compounds protected the colonic glutathione levels in more than 90% despite the absence of protection against the gross macroscopic colonic damage. In addition, the compounds inhibited IL-1ß secretion by macrophages in 91.5% and 72.7% respectively, whereas both reduced IL-6 secretion in about 44.5%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The major active compounds from Z. montana leaves exerted antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects, endorsing the use of Z. montana in folk medicine as an anti-inflammatory agent. However, further investigation is still needed regarding medicinal plants and the identification of candidate compounds for the treatment of the inflammatory bowel diseases.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Phytomedicines, Pharmacology and Biotechnology (PhytoPharmaTech), Department of Pharmacology, Biosciences Institute, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leonardo Noboru
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Seito
authors.forename: José Maurício
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Sforcin
authors.forename: Jairo Kenupp
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Bastos
authors.forename: Luiz Claudio
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Di Stasi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D029402:Bignoniaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D001938:Brazil; D003092:Colitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D007422:Intestines / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018515:Plant Leaves; D014302:Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D005419:Flavonoids; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014302:Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid
keywords: Zeyheria montana (Bignoniaceae); antioxidant activity; flavonoids; immunomodulatory activity; inflammatory bowel disease