title: Pulmonary vein to esophageal fistula after staged hybrid totally thoracoscopic surgical and percutaneous radiofrequency catheter ablation: a case report.
abstract: A case of a fistula running from the pulmonary vein to the esophagus after a staged hybrid procedure combining total thoracoscopic ablation and percutaneous radiofrequency catheter ablation has not been reported previously. We describe such a case in a 37-year-old man who was successfully treated by surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Byung-Jo
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Yong Han
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Dong Seop
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Yong Soo
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Young Keun
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: On
keywords: Esophageal fistula; Pulmonary veins