title: A fumonisins immunosensor based on polyanilino-carbon nanotubes doped with palladium telluride quantum dots.
abstract: An impedimetric immunosensor for fumonisins was developed based on poly(2,5-dimethoxyaniline)-multi-wall carbon nanotubes doped with palladium telluride quantum dots onto a glassy carbon surface. The composite was assembled by a layer-by-layer method to form a multilayer film of quantum dots (QDs) and poly(2,5-dimethoxyaniline)-multi-wall carbon nanotubes (PDMA-MWCNT). Preparation of the electrochemical immunosensor for fumonisins involved drop-coating of fumonisins antibody onto the composite modified glassy carbon electrode. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy response of the FB1 immunosensor (GCE/PT-PDMA-MWCNT/anti-Fms-BSA) gave a linear range of 7 to 49 ng L-1 and the corresponding sensitivity and detection limits were 0.0162 kΩ L ng-1 and 0.46 pg L-1, respectively, hence the limit of detection of the GCE/PT-PDMA-MWCNT immunosensor for fumonisins in corn certified material was calculated to be 0.014 and 0.011 ppm for FB1, and FB2 and FB3, respectively. These results are lower than those obtained by ELISA, a provisional maximum tolerable daily intake (PMTDI) for fumonisins (the sum of FB1, FB2, and FB3) established by the Joint FAO/WHO expert committee on food additives and contaminants of 2 μg kg-1 and the maximum level recommended by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for protection of human consumption (2-4 mg L-1).
authors.affiliation: SensorLab, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville 7535, Cape Town, South Africa. masikinimilua@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Milua
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Masikini
authors.affiliation: SensorLab, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville 7535, Cape Town, South Africa. smnzioki2007@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Stephen N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Mailu
authors.affiliation: SensorLab, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville 7535, Cape Town, South Africa. 3080361@myuwc.ac.za.
authors.forename: Abebaw
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tsegaye
authors.affiliation: SensorLab, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville 7535, Cape Town, South Africa. njaginjomo@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Njagi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Njomo
authors.affiliation: SensorLab, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville 7535, Cape Town, South Africa. 3050950@myuwc.ac.za.
authors.forename: Kerileng M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Molapo
authors.affiliation: SensorLab, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville 7535, Cape Town, South Africa. cikpo@uwc.ac.za.
authors.forename: Chinwe O
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Ikpo
authors.affiliation: SensorLab, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville 7535, Cape Town, South Africa. csunday@uwc.ac.za.
authors.forename: Christopher Edozie
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Sunday
authors.affiliation: SensorLab, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville 7535, Cape Town, South Africa. 2734778@myuwc.ac.za.
authors.forename: Candice
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rassie
authors.affiliation: SensorLab, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville 7535, Cape Town, South Africa. 2724554@myuwc.ac.za.
authors.forename: Lindsay
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.affiliation: SensorLab, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville 7535, Cape Town, South Africa. pbaker@uwc.ac.za.
authors.forename: Priscilla G L
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.affiliation: SensorLab, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville 7535, Cape Town, South Africa. eiwuoha@uwc.ac.za.
authors.forename: Emmanuel I
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Iwuoha
mesh_terms: D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D000908:Antibodies, Fungal / Q000032:analysis; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D002138:Calibration; D002417:Cattle; D058266:Dielectric Spectroscopy; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques; D004566:Electrodes; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D037341:Fumonisins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000295:instrumentation*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D010165:Palladium / Q000737:chemistry*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D045663:Quantum Dots / Q000737:chemistry*; D012015:Reference Standards; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000378:metabolism; D013691:Tellurium / Q000737:chemistry*; D013696:Temperature; D003313:Zea mays / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000814:Aniline Compounds; D000908:Antibodies, Fungal; D037341:Fumonisins; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D011108:Polymers; C542366:poly(2,5-dimethoxyaniline); D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D010165:Palladium; D013691:Tellurium