title: The Kraepelinian dichotomy viewed by neuroimaging.
abstract: The Kraepelinian dichotomy between schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) is being challenged by recent epidemiological and biological studies. We performed a comparative review of neuroimaging features in both conditions at several scales: whole-brain and regional volumes, brain activity, connectivity, and networks. Structural volumetric neuroimaging studies suggest a common pattern of volume decreases, but networks studies reveal a clearer distinction between BD and SZ with an altered connectivity generalized to all brain networks in SZ and restricted to limbic, paralimbic, and interhemispheric networks in BD.
authors.forename: Marc-Antoine
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: d'Albis
authors.affiliation: Josselin.houenou@inserm.fr.
authors.forename: Josselin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Houenou
mesh_terms: D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D059906:Neuroimaging; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology
keywords: Kraepelinian dichotomy; bipolar disorder; connectivity; neuroimaging; schizophrenia