title: Personalized preventive medicine: genetics and the response to regular exercise in preventive interventions.
abstract: Regular exercise and a physically active lifestyle have favorable effects on health. Several issues related to this theme are addressed in this report. A comment on the requirements of personalized exercise medicine and in-depth biological profiling along with the opportunities that they offer is presented. This is followed by a brief overview of the evidence for the contributions of genetic differences to the ability to benefit from regular exercise. Subsequently, studies showing that mutations in TP53 influence exercise capacity in mice and humans are succinctly described. The evidence for effects of exercise on endothelial function in health and disease also is covered. Finally, changes in cardiac and skeletal muscle in response to exercise and their implications for patients with cardiac disease are summarized. Innovative research strategies are needed to define the molecular mechanisms involved in adaptation to exercise and to translate them into useful clinical and public health applications.
authors.affiliation: Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA. Electronic address: claude.bouchard@pbrc.edu.
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bouchard
authors.affiliation: Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ligia M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Antunes-Correa
authors.affiliation: Center for Inherited Cardiovascular Disease, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA.
authors.forename: Euan A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Ashley
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Department of Medicine, Integrative Physiology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Franklin
authors.affiliation: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Paul M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Center for Inherited Cardiovascular Disease, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: C Mikael
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Mattsson
authors.affiliation: Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Negrao
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Department of Medicine, Integrative Physiology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Shane A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.affiliation: Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sarzynski
authors.affiliation: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Ping-Yuan
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Center for Inherited Cardiovascular Disease, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA.
authors.forename: Matthew T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Wheeler
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D015444:Exercise; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D017079:Exercise Tolerance / Q000235:genetics*; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D009154:Mutation; D057285:Precision Medicine / Q000379:methods*; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
keywords: Endothelium; Genetics; Individual differences; Mitochondria; Personalized medicine