title: Genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of aminoglycoside-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in Latvia.
abstract: Mutations causing resistance to aminoglycosides, such as kanamycin (KAN), amikacin (AMK), and streptomycin, are not completely understood. In this study, polymorphisms of aminoglycoside resistance influencing genes such as rrs, eis, rpsL, and gidB in 41 drug-resistant and 17 pan-sensitive Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates in Latvia were analyzed. Mutation A1400G in rrs gene was detected in 92% isolates with high resistance level to KAN and diverse MIC level to AMK. Mutations in promoter region of eis were detected in 80% isolates with low-level MIC of KAN. The association of K43R mutation in rpsL gene, a mutation in the rrs gene at position 513, and various polymorphisms in gidB gene with distinct genetic lineages of M. tuberculosis was observed. The results of this study suggest that association of different controversial mutations of M. tuberculosis genes to the drug resistance phenotype should be done in respect to genetic lineages.
authors.affiliation: Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Street 1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia.
authors.forename: Matiss
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bauskenieks
authors.affiliation: Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Street 1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia; Center of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Riga East University Hospital, Stopinu p., Riga, LV-2118, Latvia.
authors.forename: Ilva
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pole
authors.affiliation: Center of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Riga East University Hospital, Stopinu p., Riga, LV-2118, Latvia.
authors.forename: Girts
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Skenders
authors.affiliation: Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Street 1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia.
authors.forename: Inta
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Jansone
authors.affiliation: Center of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Riga East University Hospital, Stopinu p., Riga, LV-2118, Latvia.
authors.forename: Lonija
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Broka
authors.affiliation: Rīga Stradiņš University, Dzirciema Street 16, Riga, LV-1007, Latvia.
authors.forename: Anda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nodieva
authors.affiliation: Rīga Stradiņš University, Dzirciema Street 16, Riga, LV-1007, Latvia.
authors.forename: Iveta
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ozere
authors.affiliation: Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Street 1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia.
authors.forename: Adrija
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kalvisa
authors.affiliation: Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Street 1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia; Rīga Stradiņš University, Dzirciema Street 16, Riga, LV-1007, Latvia. Electronic address: renate_r@biomed.lu.lv.
authors.forename: Renate
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ranka
authors.affiliation: Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Street 1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia.
authors.forename: Viesturs
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Baumanis
mesh_terms: D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000617:Aminoglycosides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007844:Latvia; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010641:Phenotype; D017354:Point Mutation; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000617:Aminoglycosides; D000995:Antitubercular Agents
keywords: Aminoglycosides; Latvia; Mycobacterium tuberculosis