title: Satisfaction with care and decision making among parents/caregivers in the pediatric intensive care unit: a comparison between English-speaking whites and Latinos.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Because of previously documented health care disparities, we hypothesized that English-speaking Latino parents/caregivers would be less satisfied with care and decision making than English-speaking non-Latino white (NLW) parents/caregivers.
  
  
  METHODS
  An intensive care unit (ICU) family satisfaction survey, Family Satisfaction in the Intensive Care Unit Survey (pediatric, 24 question version), was completed by English-speaking parents/caregivers of children in a cardiothoracic ICU at a university-affiliated children's hospital in 2011. English-speaking NLW and Latino parents/caregivers of patients, younger than 18 years, admitted to the ICU were approached to participate on hospital day 3 or 4 if they were at the bedside for greater than or equal to 2 days. Analysis of variance, χ(2), and Student t tests were used. Cronbach αs were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty parents/caregivers completed the survey in each group. Latino parents/caregivers were younger, more often mothers born outside the United States, more likely to have government insurance or no insurance, and had less education and income. There were no differences between the groups' mean overall satisfaction scores (92.6 ± 8.3 and 93.0 ± 7.1, respectively; P = .80). The Family Satisfaction in the Intensive Care Unit Survey (pediatric, 24 question version) showed high internal consistency reliability (α = .95 and .91 for NLW and Latino groups, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No disparities in ICU satisfaction with care and decision making between English-speaking NLW and Latino parents/caregivers were found.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Electronic address: depstein@chla.usc.edu.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Epstein
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine at University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Unger
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ornelas
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Barry P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Markovitz
authors.affiliation: Center for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences and Division of Critical Care Medicine, St Paul's Hospital and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Peter M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Dodek
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Kingston General Hospital and Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Daren K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Heyland
authors.affiliation: Departments of Anesthesiology and Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Anesthesiology Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Gold
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017028:Caregivers; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003657:Decision Making; D005260:Female; D054625:Healthcare Disparities; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D015278:Intensive Care Units, Pediatric; D008297:Male; D010290:Parents; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014481:United States; D044465:White People
keywords: Critical care; Critically ill children; Healthcare disparities; Parent satisfaction; Pediatric