title: High prevalence of transmitted drug resistance in acute HIV-infected Thai men who have sex with men.
abstract: : As use of antiretroviral therapy in Thailand increases, so does the potential for transmission of drug-resistant HIV. We describe the prevalence of WHO surveillance drug resistance mutations among 120 subjects who underwent genotypic testing during acute HIV infection in Bangkok, Thailand. In this cohort of predominantly men who have sex with men, we observed an overall transmitted drug resistance prevalence of 9.2%, including nucleoside/nucleotide analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor 5.0%, nonnucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor 3.4%, and protease inhibitor 3.4%. These prevalence estimates are higher than previous reports of transmitted drug resistance in Thailand. Baseline drug resistance testing may be warranted, particularly among men who have sex with men.
authors.affiliation: *US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD; †Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD; ‡SEARCH-Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand; §The Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand; ‖Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; and ¶Department of Retrovirology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, US Component, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Jintanat
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ananworanich
authors.forename: Sunee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sirivichayakul
authors.forename: Suteeraporn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pinyakorn
authors.forename: Trevor A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Crowell
authors.forename: Rapee
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Trichavaroj
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Weerayingyong
authors.forename: Nitiya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chomchey
authors.forename: James L K
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Fletcher
authors.forename: Frits
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: van Griensven
authors.forename: Praphan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Phanuphak
authors.forename: Merlin L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Robb
authors.forename: Nelson L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Michael
authors.forename: Jerome H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Nittaya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Phanuphak
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006678:HIV / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology*; D018451:Homosexuality, Male; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult