title: Epigenetic mechanisms in Parkinson's disease.
abstract: Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common age-related neurodegenerative disease, but its pathogenesis is not fully understood. The selective neuronal cell death in PD has been considered to result from a complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors, but the nature of the relationship between the two chief modifiers remains to be elucidated. There is a growing body of evidence supporting the role of epigenetics in the development and progression of many neurodegenerative diseases including PD. Epigenetic modification refers to changes in gene expression or function without changes in DNA sequence, which mainly includes DNA methylation, post-modifications of histone, and non-coding RNAs. In this review, we will focus on the abnormal epigenetic modifications involved in the pathogenesis of PD and their implications for the development of future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, PR China.
authors.forename: Ya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jankovic
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, PR China. Electronic address: yunchw@medmail.com.cn.
authors.forename: Yun-Cheng
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D019175:DNA Methylation / Q000235:genetics; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D059647:Gene-Environment Interaction; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006657:Histones / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D022661:RNA, Untranslated / Q000235:genetics; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D006657:Histones; D022661:RNA, Untranslated
keywords: DNA methylation; Epigenetic modification; Histone acetylation; Non-coding RNAs; Parkinson's disease