title: Empowerment an essential ingredient in the clinical environment: a review of the literature.
abstract: Empowerment is an important concept worthy of attention in healthcare. The merits of empowerment are irrefutable including benefits to the organisation and to the individual nurse. Empowered nurses contribute to the clinical learning environment in a positive way. There is a dearth of literature on how or indeed if nursing students are empowered. The process of empowering registered staff/nursing students is not clear. Ward environment and culture are important contributors to patient care, patient safety and staff well-being. It is therefore necessary to address how empowerment can contribute positively to improving the environment in which care is provided.
authors.affiliation: O'Connell Bianconi Building, Waterford Institute of Technology, Cork Rd., Waterford, Ireland. Electronic address: Spkennedy@wit.ie.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kennedy
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Midwifery, Social Work & Social Sciences, MS1.12, Mary Seacole Building, University of Salford, Salford M6 6PU, United Kingdom. Electronic address: n.r.hardiker@salford.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hardiker
authors.affiliation: Social Work & Social Sciences, Room 2:13, Mary Seacole Building, University of Salford, Salford M6 6PU, United Kingdom. Electronic address: k.staniland@salford.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Staniland
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D009740:Nursing Staff / Q000523:psychology; D015279:Organizational Culture; D011209:Power, Psychological; D013338:Students, Nursing / Q000523:psychology; D017132:Workplace
keywords: Empowerment; Nursing students and empowerment; Organisational benefits of empowerment; Organisational empowerment; Psychological empowerment