title: Boiled coffee consumption and the risk of prostate cancer: follow-up of 224,234 Norwegian men 20-69 years.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is insufficient epidemiological evidence on the relationship between type of coffee and the risk of prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  The risk of prostate cancer by use of boiled vs not boiled coffee were assessed in a prospective study of 224,234 men 20-69 years. 5740 incident prostate cancers were identified.
  
  
  RESULTS
  With no coffee as reference group the hazard ratios of <1-4, 5-8 and 9+ cups per day of boiled coffee only were 0.84 (0.73-0.96), 0.80 (0.70-0.92) and 0.66 (0.55-0.80), P-trend=0.00. The corresponding figures for not boiled coffee were 0.89 (0.80-0.99), 0.91 (0.81-1.02) and 0.86 (0.74-1.00), P-trend=0.22.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An inverse relationship between number of cups per day and the risk of prostate cancer was present only for the boiled coffee type.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404 Nydalen, Oslo NO-0403, Norway.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tverdal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003069:Coffee; D003296:Cooking / Q000379:methods; D004327:Drinking Behavior; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology; D012306:Risk; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003069:Coffee