title: In vitro thrombolytic potential of root extracts of four medicinal plants available in Bangladesh.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Thrombus formation inside the blood vessels obstructs blood flow through the circulatory system leading hypertension, stroke to the heart, anoxia, and so on. Thrombolytic drugs are widely used for the management of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis patients, but they have certain limitations. Medicinal plants and their components possessing antithrombotic activity have been reported before. However, plants that could be used for thrombolysis has not been reported so far.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study's aim was to evaluate the thrombolytic potential of selected plants' root extracts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plants were collected, dried, powdered and extracted by methanol and then fractionated by n-hexane for getting the sample root extracts. Venous blood samples were drawn from 10 healthy volunteers for the purposes of investigation.
  
  
  METHODS
  An in vitro thrombolytic model was used to check the clot lysis potential of four n-hexane soluble roots extracts viz., Acacia nilotica, Justicia adhatoda, Azadirachta indica, and Lagerstroemia speciosa along with streptokinase as a positive control and saline water as a negative control.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dunnett t-test analysis was performed using SPSS is a statistical analysis program developed by IBM Corporation, USA. on Windows.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using an in vitro thrombolytic model, A. nilotica, L. speciosa, A. indica, and J. adhatoda at 5 mg extract/ml NaCl solution concentration showed 15.1%, 15.49%, 21.26%, and 19.63% clot lysis activity respectively. The reference streptokinase showed 47.21%, and 24.73% clot lysis for 30,000 IU and 15,000 IU concentrations, respectively whereas 0.9% normal saline showed 5.35% clot lysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The selected extracts of the plant roots possess marked thrombolytic properties that could lyse blood clots in vitro; however, in vivo clot dissolving properties and active components responsible for clot lysis are yet to be discovered.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Soanpur, Noakhali, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Fahad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Soanpur, Noakhali, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Ariful
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Soanpur, Noakhali, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Latifa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bulbul
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Soanpur, Noakhali, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Mizanur Rahman
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Moghal
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Soanpur, Noakhali, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Mohammad Salim
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Hossain
keywords: Acacia nilotica; Azadirachta indica; Justicia adhatoda; Lagerstroemia speciosa; cardiovascular disease; streptokinase; thrombolytic potential