title: Bioaccumulation and oxidative stress responses measured in the estuarine ragworm (Nereis diversicolor) exposed to dissolved, nano- and bulk-sized silver.
abstract: The impact of Ag NPs on sediment-dwelling organisms has received relatively little attention, particularly in linking bioaccumulation to oxidative injury. The polychaete Nereis diversicolor was exposed to sediments spiked with dissolved Ag (added as AgNO3), Ag NPs (63 ± 27 nm) and larger bulk Ag particles (202 ± 56 μm), for up to 11 days at sublethal concentrations (nominally 2.5, 5, 10 μg Ag g(-1) sediment (dw)). There were concentration- and time-dependent differences in the accumulation of the three Ag forms, but all three forms elicited an oxidative stress response. In the cases of Ag NPs and bulk Ag particles, changes in antioxidant markers (glutathione, SOD, CAT, GPx, SeGPx, GST and GR) occurred without significant Ag accumulation. Differences in biomarker profiles between the three Ag forms suggest that the mechanism of oxidative stress caused by particulate Ag is distinct from that of dissolved Ag.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto, 8 - 06123 Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: Margherita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cozzari
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto, 8 - 06123 Perugia, Italy. Electronic address: antonia.elia@unipg.it.
authors.forename: Antonia Concetta
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Elia
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto, 8 - 06123 Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pacini
authors.affiliation: Dept of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK.
authors.forename: Brian D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Ecotoxicology Research and Innovation Centre, School of Biomedical and Biological Sciences, Plymouth University, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Boyle
authors.affiliation: Dept of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK.
authors.forename: Philip S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Rainbow
authors.affiliation: Dept of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK; Department of Environmental, Social and Spatial Change (ENSPAC), Roskilde University, Universitetsvej 1, PO Box 260, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. Electronic address: frkhan@ruc.dk.
authors.forename: Farhan R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Khan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011077:Polychaeta / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D012834:Silver / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D012834:Silver; D005978:Glutathione
keywords: Ag NPs; Biomarkers; Oxidative stress; Sediment exposure