title: Integrating SOMs and a Bayesian classifier for segmenting diseased plants in uncontrolled environments.
abstract: This work presents a methodology that integrates a nonsupervised learning approach (self-organizing map (SOM)) and a supervised one (a Bayesian classifier) for segmenting diseased plants that grow in uncontrolled environments such as greenhouses, wherein the lack of control of illumination and presence of background bring about serious drawbacks. During the training phase two SOMs are used: one that creates color groups of images, which are classified into two groups using K-means and labeled as vegetation and nonvegetation by using rules, and a second SOM that corrects classification errors made by the first SOM. Two color histograms are generated from the two color classes and used to estimate the conditional probabilities of the Bayesian classifier. During the testing phase an input image is segmented by the Bayesian classifier and then it is converted into a binary image, wherein contours are extracted and analyzed to recover diseased areas that were incorrectly classified as nonvegetation. The experimental results using the proposed methodology showed better performance than two of the most used color index methods.
authors.affiliation: ITESM, Autopista del Sol, 62790 Xochitepec, MOR, Mexico.
authors.forename: Deny Lizbeth
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Hernández-Rabadán
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología/Laboratorio de Investigaciones Ambientales, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, 62209 Cuernavaca, MOR, Mexico.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ramos-Quintana
authors.affiliation: ITESM, Autopista del Sol, 62790 Xochitepec, MOR, Mexico.
authors.forename: Julian
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5448-5256
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guerrero Juk
mesh_terms: D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D010935:Plant Diseases; D010944:Plants