title: Non-invasive blood pressure measurement: values, problems and applicability in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).
abstract: The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus, C. j.) is an established primate model in biomedical research and for human-related diseases. Monitoring of cardiovascular parameters including blood pressure (BP) is important for the health surveillance of these experimental animals and the quantification of diseases or pharmaceutical substances influencing BP. Measurement guidelines for C. j. do not exist yet; therefore, the present study was carried out to establish a practicable protocol based on recommendations of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM). Furthermore, BP data of 49 marmosets (13.8-202.4 months of age) were obtained via high-definition oscillometry to further knowledge of physiological parameters and gender-related differences in this primate. The thighs proved to be the most suitable measurement localization, since systolic values were less variable (left 4.03 ± 2.90%, right 5.96 ± 2.77%) compared with the tail (12.7 ± 6.96%). BP values were similar in the morning and in the afternoon (P > 0.05). Data were highly reproducible within and between several sessions on three consecutive days (P > 0.05) as well as over the course of 20 months (P > 0.05). Furthermore, the measurement time for females was significantly shorter than for males (5:14 ± 1:59 min versus 6:50 ± 1:58 min, P = 0.007). Measurement recommendations for the common marmoset were successfully established. Standardized values enabled a reliable comparison of BP parameters, e.g. for cardiovascular, toxicological or metabolic research.
authors.affiliation: University of Leipzig, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mietsch
authors.affiliation: University of Leipzig, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Leipzig, Germany einspanier@vetmed.uni-leipzig.de.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Einspanier
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001795:Blood Pressure Determination / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D002144:Callithrix / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D012016:Reference Values; D012737:Sex Factors
keywords: ACVIM; blood pressure; common marmoset; non-invasive; protocol