title: Note: "Lock-in accelerometry" to follow sink dynamics in shaken granular matter.
abstract: Understanding the penetration dynamics of intruders in granular beds is relevant not only for fundamental physics, but also for geophysical processes and construction on sediments or granular soils in areas potentially affected by earthquakes. While the penetration of intruders in two dimensional (2D) laboratory granular beds can be followed using video recording, this is useless in three dimensional (3D) beds of non-transparent materials such as common sand. Here, we propose a method to quantify the sink dynamics of an intruder into laterally shaken granular beds based on the temporal correlations between the signals from a reference accelerometer fixed to the shaken granular bed, and a probe accelerometer deployed inside the intruder. Due to its analogy with the working principle of a lock-in amplifier, we call this technique lock-in accelerometry.
authors.affiliation: "Henri Poincarè" Group of Complex Systems, Physics Faculty, University of Havana, 10400 Havana, Cuba.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Colina
authors.affiliation: "Henri Poincarè" Group of Complex Systems, Physics Faculty, University of Havana, 10400 Havana, Cuba.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Alonso-Llanes
authors.affiliation: "Henri Poincarè" Group of Complex Systems, Physics Faculty, University of Havana, 10400 Havana, Cuba.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.affiliation: "Henri Poincarè" Group of Complex Systems, Physics Faculty, University of Havana, 10400 Havana, Cuba.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Batista-Leyva
authors.affiliation: Institut de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg (IPGS), Ecole et Observatoire des Sciences de la Terre (EOST), University of Strasbourg/CNRS, 67084 Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Clement
authors.affiliation: Institut de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg (IPGS), Ecole et Observatoire des Sciences de la Terre (EOST), University of Strasbourg/CNRS, 67084 Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fliedner
authors.affiliation: Institut de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg (IPGS), Ecole et Observatoire des Sciences de la Terre (EOST), University of Strasbourg/CNRS, 67084 Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Toussaint
authors.affiliation: "Henri Poincarè" Group of Complex Systems, Physics Faculty, University of Havana, 10400 Havana, Cuba.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Altshuler