title: Biology and Industrial Applications of Chlorella: Advances and Prospects.
abstract: Chlorella represents a group of eukaryotic green microalgae that has been receiving increasing scientific and commercial interest. It possesses high photosynthetic ability and is capable of growing robustly under mixotrophic and heterotrophic conditions as well. Chlorella has long been considered as a source of protein and is now industrially produced for human food and animal feed. Chlorella is also rich in oil, an ideal feedstock for biofuels. The exploration of biofuel production by Chlorella is underway. Chlorella has the ability to fix carbon dioxide efficiently and to remove nutrients of nitrogen and phosphorous, making it a good candidate for greenhouse gas biomitigation and wastewater bioremediation. In addition, Chlorella shows potential as an alternative expression host for recombinant protein production, though challenges remain to be addressed. Currently, omics analyses of certain Chlorella strains are being performed, which will help to unravel the biological implications of Chlorella and facilitate the future exploration of industrial applications.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Food and Bioresource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China. jliu@umces.edu.|Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Baltimore, MD, USA. jliu@umces.edu.|Singapore-Peking University Research Centre for a Sustainable Low-Carbon Future, CREATE Tower, Singapore, Singapore. jliu@umces.edu.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute for Food and Bioresource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China. sfchencoe@pku.edu.cn.|Singapore-Peking University Research Centre for a Sustainable Low-Carbon Future, CREATE Tower, Singapore, Singapore. sfchencoe@pku.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D061249:Batch Cell Culture Techniques / Q000639:trends*; D056804:Biofuels / Q000382:microbiology*; D002708:Chlorella / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources / Q000639:trends*; D005523:Food Supply; D005544:Forecasting; D008027:Light; D058433:Photobioreactors / Q000382:microbiology / Q000639:trends; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels
keywords: Biofuels; Bioremediation; CO2 biomitigation; Carotenoids; Chlorella; Mass cultivation; Nutritional food