title: Bilateral congenital deficiency of tibia: a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tibial hemimelia/amelia is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by deficiency of the tibia with relatively intact fibula. They can be identified as an isolated disorder or as part of malformation syndromes. This presentation expands the spectrum of tibial hemimelia characterizing its great clinical and radiological variability.
  
  
  METHODS
  A five year old female child, born to unaffected and non-consanguineous parents, presented with deformity and shortening of both legs. There was no other structural anomaly except in both lower limbs. Radiological imaging showed absence of the tibia, angulation of fibula and tarsal coalition of right side. Femur was seen to be normal in both lower limbs while patella, tibia and talus were absent on left side along with 1st ray deficiency. Severe varus deformity was seen in both feet. The parents were not willing for corrective surgery, therefore extension prosthesis was devised.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We report a case of tibial hemimelia as well as to suggest methods to manage and rehabilitate such patients. A congenital malformations surveillance and record system needs to be developed to identify the demographic parameters, etiology, risk factors and associations of all types of limb deficiencies. Need is felt of a classification system which includes broader spectrum of limb malformations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, King George Medical University, Lucknow, UP, India.
authors.forename: Vijai
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, King George Medical University, Lucknow, UP, India.
authors.forename: Ganesh
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yadav
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, King George Medical University, Lucknow, UP, India.
authors.forename: Anil Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, King George Medical University, Lucknow, UP, India.
authors.forename: Dileep
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kumar
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D004480:Ectromelia / Q000534:rehabilitation* / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D038061:Lower Extremity Deformities, Congenital / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000628:therapy*; D019736:Prostheses and Implants / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011859:Radiography; D013977:Tibia / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology
keywords: Tibial hemimelia; congenital limb deficiency; extension prosthesis; rehabilitation in tibial hemimelia