title: An Introspective Update on the Influence of miRNAs in Breast Carcinoma and Neuroblastoma Chemoresistance.
abstract: Chemoresistance to conventional cytotoxic drugs may occur in any type of cancer and this can either be inherent or develop through time. Studies have linked this acquired resistance to the abnormal expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) that normally silence genes. At abnormal levels, miRNAs can either gain ability to silence tumour suppressor genes or else lose ability to silence oncogenes. miRNAs can also affect pathways that are involved in drug metabolism, such as drug efflux pumps, resulting in a resistant phenotype. The scope of this review is to provide an introspective analysis on the specific niches of breast carcinoma and neuroblastoma research.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Malta, Msida MSD 2080, Malta.
authors.forename: Alessia
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2373-6486
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carta
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Malta, Msida MSD 2080, Malta.
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0159-7972
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chetcuti
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida MSD 2080, Malta ; Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M1 7DN, UK.
authors.forename: Duncan
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4964-7035
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ayers