title: Radium-223 dichloride: a new paradigm in the treatment of prostate cancer.
abstract: Radionuclides have been widely used for cancer treatment. Recently, new research about radium-223 dichloride has been conducted in prostate cancer, which reveals that it is the first radiopharmaceutical to demonstrate an improvement in overall survival and time to first symptomatic skeletal event in patients with castration resistant prostate cancer with symptomatic bone metastases. This fact has created a new paradigm in the treatment of prostate cancer landscape, where only chemotherapy and hormone therapy had a role, while β-emitters had been confined exclusively to the role of pain relief with no impact on survival. The aim of this review is to outline current treatment approaches for advanced prostate cancer with a focus on the role of radium-223 dichloride, reviewing patients' profile that make them suitable to therapy and chances for further studies.
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain.
authors.forename: Urbano
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Anido Herranz
authors.forename: Ovidio
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Fernández Calvo
authors.forename: Francisco Javier
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Afonso Afonso
authors.forename: Sofía
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rodríguez Martínez de Llano
authors.forename: Martín
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lázaro Quintela
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: León Mateos
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vázquez Estévez
authors.forename: Luis Miguel
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Antón Aparicio
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D064129:Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D011868:Radioisotopes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011883:Radium / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D011868:Radioisotopes; C581106:radium Ra 223 dichloride; D011883:Radium
keywords: alpha-emitters; bone metastases; prostate cancer; radiopharmaceuticals; radium-223