title: Does the presence of hydronephrosis have effects on micropercutaneous nephrolithotomy?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of presence of hydronephrosis on micropercutaneous nephrolithotomy (micro-PNL) surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis of 112 patients who underwent microperc surgery between December 2012 and April 2014 was performed. Patients were evaluated in two groups according to whether the presence of hydronephrosis. Stone size and location, fluoroscopy and operation time, stone-free rates and patient-related parameters were prospectively recorded into a centralized computer-generated system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 58 patients in Group 1 with hydronephrosis and 54 patients in Group 2 with no hydronephrosis were analyzed. There was no statistically significant difference in terms of stone sizes and body mass indexes (BMI) in comparison of groups (155.2 ± 93.06 vs. 143.70 ± 70.77 mm(2), p = 0.856 and 27.6 ± 4.2 vs. 26.7 ± 3.2 kg/m(2), p = 0.625). The success rates were similar (91.3 vs. 92.5%, p = 0.341). While the mean operation time and fluoroscopy time in Group 1 were 44.2 ± 23.62 min and 105.3 ± 47 s, it was 38.8 ± 26.4 min and 112.53 ± 68.3 s in Group 2, but there was no statistical difference in comparison of both groups. The mean attempts of percutan puncture were 1.35 ± 0.47 in Group 1 and 1.76 ± 0.31 in Group 2 (p = 0.185). We also found no statistical differences regarding mean hemoglobin change and hospitalization time, respectively (p = 0.685 and p = 0753). In comparison of grades of hydronephrosis, there was no statistically significant difference in subgroups analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of hydronephrosis does not affect success rates and operative time in micro-PNL procedures significantly. Micropercutaneous nephrolithotomy is technically feasible and efficacious both in hydronephrotic and non-hydronephrotic kidneys.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Mevlana University, Konya, 42200, Turkey, tunakaratag@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Tuna
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Karatag
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Buldu
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaynar
authors.forename: Ramazan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Inan
authors.forename: Mustafa Okan
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Istanbulluoglu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006869:Hydronephrosis / Q000150:complications*; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D007902:Length of Stay; D008875:Middle Aged; D009403:Nephrostomy, Percutaneous / Q000379:methods*; D061646:Operative Time; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins