title: Maternal obesity and occurrence of fetal macrosomia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine a precise estimate for the contribution of maternal obesity to macrosomia.
  
  
  METHODS
  The search strategy included database searches in 2011 of PubMed, Medline (In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Ovid Medline, 1950-2011), and EMBASE Classic + EMBASE. Appropriate search terms were used for each database. Reference lists of retrieved articles and review articles were cross-referenced.
  
  
  METHODS
  All studies that examined the relationship between maternal obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m(2)) (pregravid or at 1st prenatal visit) and fetal macrosomia (birth weight ≥4000 g, ≥4500 g, or ≥90th percentile) were considered for inclusion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data regarding the outcomes of interest and study quality were independently extracted by two reviewers. Results from the meta-analysis showed that maternal obesity is associated with fetal overgrowth, defined as birth weight ≥ 4000 g (OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.92, 2.45), birth weight ≥4500 g (OR 2.77,95% CI 2.22, 3.45), and birth weight ≥90% ile for gestational age (OR 2.42, 95% CI 2.16, 2.72).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Maternal obesity appears to play a significant role in the development of fetal overgrowth. There is a critical need for effective personal and public health initiatives designed to decrease prepregnancy weight and optimize gestational weight gain.
authors.affiliation: University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5 ; Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Newborn Care, The Ottawa Hospital, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8L6 ; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8L6.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gaudet
authors.affiliation: Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Newborn Care, The Ottawa Hospital, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8L6 ; Healthy Active Living and Obesity (HALO) Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8L1.
authors.forename: Zachary M
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Ferraro
authors.affiliation: Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8L6.
authors.forename: Shi Wu
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7227-0283
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5 ; Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Newborn Care, The Ottawa Hospital, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8L6 ; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8L6.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Walker
mesh_terms: D001724:Birth Weight; D005260:Female; D005320:Fetal Macrosomia / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000503:physiopathology