title: Effect of Antrodia camphorata on inflammatory arterial thrombosis-mediated platelet activation: the pivotal role of protein kinase C.
abstract: Antrodia camphorata is a rare Taiwanese medicinal mushroom. Antrodia camphorata extract has been reported to exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammation, antimetastasis, and anticancer activities and plays a role in liver fibrosis, vasorelaxation, and immunomodulation. Critical vascular inflammation leads to vascular dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases, including abdominal aortic aneurysms, hypertension, and atherosclerosis. Platelet activation plays a crucial role in intravascular thrombosis, which is involved in a wide variety of cardiovascular diseases. However, the effect of Antrodia camphorata on platelet activation remains unclear. We examined the effects of Antrodia camphorata on platelet activation. In the present study, Antrodia camphorata treatment (56-224 μg/mL) inhibited platelet aggregation induced by collagen, but not U46619, an analogue of thromboxane A2, thrombin, and arachidonic acid. Antrodia camphorata inhibited collagen-induced calcium (Ca(2+)) mobilization and phosphorylation of protein kinase C (PKC) and Akt. In addition, Antrodia camphorata significantly reduced the aggregation and phosphorylation of PKC in phorbol-12, 13-dibutyrate (PDBu) activated platelets. In conclusion, Antrodia camphorata may inhibit platelet activation by inhibiting of Ca(2+) and PKC cascade and the Akt pathway. Our study suggests that Antrodia camphorata may be a potential therapeutic agent for preventing or treating thromboembolic disorders.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei 11031, Taiwan ; School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wan-Jung
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei 11031, Taiwan ; Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 10630, Taiwan ; The Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Cathay Medical Research Institute, New Taipei City 22171, Taiwan ; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shih-Chang
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2448-6634
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Sheen Chain Biotechnology, Co. Ltd., Taipei 11503, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chang-Chou
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lan
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tzu-Yin
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Hsuan
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Hsia
authors.affiliation: School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yung-Kai
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4467-0300
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan ; Program for Translation Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsiu-Chuan
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Joen-Rong
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Sheu
mesh_terms: D055491:Antrodia / Q000737:chemistry*; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000187:drug effects*; D045424:Complex Mixtures / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects*; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D045424:Complex Mixtures; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D011493:Protein Kinase C