title: Selenium effect on ischemia-reperfusion injury of gastrocnemius muscle in adult rats.
abstract: Selenium is a trace element that has antioxidant and neuroprotective effects. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of selenium in reducing ischemia-reperfusion injury of the gastrocnemius muscle. In this experimental study, 80 adult male Wistar rats weighing 250-300 g were divided into ten groups (N = 8 per group). Group 1 is control group (without ischemia-reperfusion). Group 2 received 0.2 mg/kg selenium. Group 3 received ischemia + 3 d reperfusion + 0.2 mg/kg selenium, group 4 received ischemia + 3 d reperfusion + 0.2 mg/kg placebo, group 5 received ischemia + 7 d reperfusion + 0.2 mg/kg selenium, group 6 received ischemia + 7 d reperfusion + 0.2 mg/kg placebo, group 7 received ischemia + 14 d reperfusion + 0.2 mg/kg selenium, group 8 received ischemia + 14 d reperfusion + 0.2 mg/kg placebo, group 9 received ischemia + 28 d reperfusion + 0.2 mg/kg selenium and group 10 received ischemia + 3 d reperfusion + 0.2 mg/kg placebo. External iliac artery blocked for 3 h. After reperfusion, rats killed and gastrocnemius muscle removed, fixed, and tissue processing performed. Samples stained with hematoxylin-eosin for edema evaluation, toluidine blue for mast cell infiltration evaluation and immunohistochemistry for detection TNF-alpha and NF-kappa B proteins. Comparison of mast cell infiltration, edema of the interstitial fluid on the tissue, expression of TNF-alpha protein, and expression of NF-kappa B protein in the groups that received selenium with corresponding placebo group showed that selenium can reduce edema, mast cell infiltration, and TNF-alpha expression and inactivated NF-kappa B. The use of selenium simultaneously with creating ischemia can reduce ischemia-reperfusion injury of the gastrocnemius muscle.
authors.affiliation: Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center and Department of Anatomy, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Lorestan, Islamic Republic of Iran, gholami.mr@lums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Mohammadreza
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gholami
authors.forename: Abolfazl
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zendedel
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Khanipour khayat
authors.forename: Kourosh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ghanad
authors.forename: Afshin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nazari
authors.forename: Atieh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pirhadi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004487:Edema / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012643:Selenium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016328:NF-kappa B; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D012643:Selenium