title: Two different genotypes of H1N2 swine influenza virus isolated in northern China and their pathogenicity in animals.
abstract: During 2006 and 2007, two swine-origin triple-reassortant influenza A (H1N2) viruses were isolated from pigs in northern China, and the antigenic characteristics of the hemagglutinin protein of the viruses were examined. Genotyping and phylogenetic analyses demonstrated different emergence patterns for the two H1N2 viruses, Sw/Hebei/10/06 and Sw/Tianjin/1/07. Sequences for the other genes encoding the internal proteins were compared with the existing data to determine their origins and establish the likely mechanisms of genetic reassortment. Sw/Hebei/10/06 is an Sw/Indiana/9K035/99-like virus, whereas Sw/Tianjin/1/07 represents a new H1N2 genotype with surface genes of classic swine and human origin and internal genes originating from the Eurasian avian-like swine H1N1 virus. Six-week-old female BALB/c mice infected with the Sw/HeB/10/06 and Sw/TJ/1/07 viruses showed an average weight loss of 12.8% and 8.1%, respectively. Healthy six-week-old pigs were inoculated intranasally with either the Sw/HeB/10/06 or Sw/TJ/1/07 virus. No considerable changes in the clinical presentation were observed post-inoculation in any of the virus-inoculated groups, and the viruses effectively replicated in the nasal cavity and lung tissue. Based on the results, it is possible that the new genotype of the swine H1N2 virus that emerged in China may become widespread in the swine population and pose a potential threat to public health.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Huanliang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chuanling
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chuantian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Tianjin 300112, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Minghua
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaoguang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xin
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhigao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Bu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: chenhualan@caas.cn.
authors.forename: Hualan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D057221:Influenza A Virus, H1N2 Subtype / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D010802:Phylogeny; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D014774:Virulence / Q000235:genetics
keywords: H1N2; Influenza; Influenza A viruses; Pathogenicity; Swine