title: Formulation and characterization of inhalable magnetic nanocomposite microparticles (MnMs) for targeted pulmonary delivery via spray drying.
abstract: Targeted pulmonary delivery facilitates the direct application of bioactive materials to the lungs in a controlled manner and provides an exciting platform for targeting magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) to the lungs. Iron oxide MNPs remotely heat in the presence of an alternating magnetic field (AMF) providing unique opportunities for therapeutic applications such as hyperthermia. In this study, spray drying was used to formulate magnetic nanocomposite microparticles (MnMs) consisting of iron oxide MNPs and d-mannitol. The physicochemical properties of these MnMs were evaluated and the in vitro aerosol dispersion performance of the dry powders was measured by the Next Generation Impactor(®). For all powders, the mass median aerosol diameter (MMAD) was <5μm and deposition patterns revealed that MnMs could deposit throughout the lungs. Heating studies with a custom AMF showed that MNPs retain excellent thermal properties after spray drying into composite dry powders, with specific absorption ratios (SAR)>200W/g, and in vitro studies on a human lung cell line indicated moderate cytotoxicity of these materials. These inhalable composites present a class of materials with many potential applications and pose a promising approach for thermal treatment of the lungs through targeted pulmonary administration of MNPs.
authors.affiliation: College of Engineering, Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
authors.forename: Nathanael A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Stocke
authors.affiliation: College of Engineering, Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA; College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
authors.forename: Samantha A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Meenach
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
authors.forename: Susanne M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA. Electronic address: mansour@pharmacy.arizona.edu.
authors.forename: Heidi M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Mansour
authors.affiliation: College of Engineering, Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA. Electronic address: zach.hilt@uky.edu.
authors.forename: J Zach
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Hilt
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols; D002460:Cell Line; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry; D004339:Drug Compounding; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism*; D060526:Magnetic Fields; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D008353:Mannitol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D053761:Nanocomposites; D010316:Particle Size; D011208:Powders
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D004337:Drug Carriers; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D011208:Powders; D008353:Mannitol
keywords: Dry powder inhalation aerosols; Iron oxide; Magnetic nanoparticles; Nanocomposites; Remote heating; Spray drying