title: [Long-term use of mobile phone and its association with glioma: a systematic review and meta-analysis].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The hypothesis that "cell phone induces brain tumor" has become a target of much controversy for several decades and is still a matter of debate even now. We aim to make a systematic review and meta-analysis based on published studies on glioma to identify current evidences for evaluating mobile phones and glioma risk, especially on long-term use of mobile phones.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted according to the Cochrane systematic review methods and reported according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement according to a prospective research protocol accessed via http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero. The software RevMan 5 was used for statistic analysis. Latency and lateralization were used for the examining the dose-response relationship.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall evidence suggested the increased risk of glioma among long-term ipsilateral users of mobile phone with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.46[1.12, 1.92] based on meta-analysis. Especially, for low-grade glioma, long-term use yielded an OR value of 2.27 [1.81, 2.85].
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The evidence is currently insufficient on this issue, especially on long-term use of mobile phone. Neither a definite answer nor a clear explanation may be offered for the relationship. And larger prospective trials are warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
authors.forename: Xiu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
authors.forename: Jinsong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China. Email: lfzhouc@126.com.
authors.forename: Liangfu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D001932:Brain Neoplasms; D040421:Cell Phone; D005910:Glioma; D006801:Humans; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011446:Prospective Studies