title: Brain-based Correlations Between Psychological Factors and Functional Dyspepsia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Increasing evidence shows involvement of psychological disorders in functional dyspepsia (FD), but how psychological factors exert their influences upon FD remains largely unclear. The purpose of the present study was to explore the brain-based correlations of psychological factors and FD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Based on Fluorine-18-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography, the altered cerebral glycometabolism was investigated in 40 FD patients compared with 20 healthy controls during resting state using statistical parametric mapping software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  FD patients exhibited increased glucose metabolism in multiple regions relative to controls (P< 0.001, family-wise error corrected). After controlling for the dyspeptic symptoms, increased aberrations persisted within the insula, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), middle cingulate cortex (MCC) and middle frontal cortex (midFC), which was related to anxiety and depression score. Interestingly, FD patients without anxiety/depression symptoms also showed increased glycometabolism within the insula, ACC, MCC and midFC. Moreover, FD patients with anxiety/depression symptoms exhibited more significant hypermetabolism within the above 4 sites compared with patients without anxiety/depression symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggested that the altered cerebral glycometabolism may be in a vicious cycle of psychological vulnerabilities and increased gastrointestinal symptoms.
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Jiaofen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nan
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Jixin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Junya
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Wanghuan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Dun
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The Center for Medical Imaging, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Qiyong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: The 3rd Teaching Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Fanrong
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: The 3rd Teaching Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zeng
keywords: Cerebral cortex; Dyspepsia; Glucose