title: High-throughput simultaneous analysis of pesticides by supercritical fluid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry.
abstract: Recently, a generally applicable screening method for multiresidue pesticide analysis, which is simple, quick, and accurate and has a reliable performance, is becoming increasingly important for food safety and international trade. This paper proposes a high-throughput screening methodology that enables the detection of multiresidue pesticides using supercritical fluid chromatography coupled to a high-performance benchtop quadrupole Orbitrap mass spectrometry (SFC/Q Exactive) and an automated library-based detection. A total of 444 chemicals covering a wide polarity range (logPow from -4.2 to 7.7) and a wide molecular weight range (from 99.0 to 872.5) were analyzed simultaneously through a combination of high mass resolution (a value of m/Δm = 70000), high mass accuracy (<5 ppm) with positive/negative polarity switching, and highly efficient separation by SFC. A total of 373 pesticides were detected in QuEChERS spinach extracts without dispersive solid phase extraction at the 10 μg kg(-1) level (provisional maximum residue limits in Japan). In conclusion, the developed analytical system is a potentially useful tool for practical multiresidue pesticide screening with high throughput (time for data acquisition, 72 samples per day; and time for data processing of 72 samples, approximately 45 min).
authors.affiliation: †Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Megumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishibashi
authors.affiliation: †Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Izumi
authors.affiliation: †Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.|§Miyazaki Agricultural Research Institute, 5805 Shimonaka, Sadowara-cho, Miyazaki 880-0212, Japan.
authors.forename: Miho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.affiliation: §Miyazaki Agricultural Research Institute, 5805 Shimonaka, Sadowara-cho, Miyazaki 880-0212, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ando
authors.affiliation: †Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Eiichiro
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fukusaki
authors.affiliation: †Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bamba
mesh_terms: D025924:Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis; D057166:High-Throughput Screening Assays / Q000379:methods*; D007564:Japan; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018724:Spinacia oleracea / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010573:Pesticide Residues
keywords: SFC/MS; high-resolution mass spectrometry; high-throughput analysis; identification criteria; multiresidue; pesticide