title: An evaluation of the Well at Dell health management program: health risk change and financial return on investment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effectiveness of the Well at Dell comprehensive health management program in delivering health care and productivity cost savings relative to program investment (i.e., return on investment).
  
  
  METHODS
  A quasi-experimental design was used to quantify the financial impact of the program and nonexperimental pre-post design to evaluate change in health risks.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ongoing worksite health management program implemented across multiple U.S. locations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were 24,651 employees with continuous medical enrollment in 2010-2011 who were eligible for 2011 health management programming.
  
  
  METHODS
  Incentive-driven, outcomes-based multicomponent corporate health management program including health risk appraisal (HRA)/wellness, lifestyle management, and disease management coaching programs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical, pharmacy, and short-term disability pre/post expenditure trends adjusted for demographics, health status, and baseline costs. Self-reported health risks from repeat HRA completers. Analysis: Propensity score-weighted and multivariate regression-adjusted comparison of baseline to post trends in health care expenditures and productivity costs for program participants and nonparticipants (i.e., difference in difference) relative to programmatic investment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Well at Dell program achieved an overall return on investment of 2.48 in 2011. Most of the savings were realized from the HRA/wellness component of the program. Cost savings were supported with high participation and significant health risk improvement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An incentive-driven, well-managed comprehensive corporate health management program can continue to achieve significant health improvement while promoting health care and productivity cost savings in an employee population.
authors.forename: Shirley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Musich
authors.forename: Tre'
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: McCalister
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hawkins
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D005260:Female; D005102:Health Expenditures / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009786:Occupational Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012307:Risk Factors; D014481:United States; D017132:Workplace; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Health Management Program; Health focus: health management program; Manuscript format: research; Outcome measure: health care expenditures, productivity; Prevention Research; Research purpose: program evaluation; Return on Investment; Setting: workplace; Strategy: incentives, education, behavior change; Study design: quasi-experimental; Target population age: adults; Target population circumstances: workplace, employees; Wellness Evaluation