title: A reduction of viral mRNA, proteins and induction of altered morphogenesis reveals the anti-HTLV-1 activity of the labdane-diterpene myriadenolide in vitro.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) has been associated with leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) and myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), in addition to other inflammatory diseases as well as infection complications. Therapeutic approaches for HTLV-1-related pathologies are limited. The labdane diterpene myriadenolide (AMY) is a natural product that exhibit biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory and antiviral activity as reported for HIV and herpesvirus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We demonstrated that this natural product was able to inhibit the expression of gag-pol mRNA and substantially reduced the expression of the structural proteins p19 and gp46. Comparison of treated and untreated cells shows that AMY alters both the morphology and the release of viral particles. The Atomic Force Microscopy assay showed that the AMY treatment reduced the number of particles on the cell surface by 47%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We demonstrated that the labdane diterpene myriadenolide reduced the expression of the structural proteins and the budding of viral particles, besides induces altered morphogenesis of HTLV-1, conferring on AMY a new antiviral activity that may be useful for the development of new compounds with specific anti-HTLV-1 activity.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Virologia Básica e Aplicada (LVBA), Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. cpsmartins@yahoo.com.br.|Interdisciplinary HTLV Research Group - GIPH - Fundação HEMOMINAS, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. cpsmartins@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Camila Pacheco Silveira
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Ciências Exatas - FACE - Universidade FUMEC, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. gomes.oa@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Orlando Abreu
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary HTLV Research Group - GIPH - Fundação HEMOMINAS, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. marina.martins@hemominas.mg.gov.br.|Serviço de Pesquisa, Fundação HEMOMINAS, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. marina.martins@hemominas.mg.gov.br.
authors.forename: Marina Lobato
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Virologia Básica e Aplicada (LVBA), Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. ludebor.carvalho39@gmail.com.|Interdisciplinary HTLV Research Group - GIPH - Fundação HEMOMINAS, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. ludebor.carvalho39@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Luciana Debortoli
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: de Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Virologia Básica e Aplicada (LVBA), Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. jgontijos@yahoo.com.br.|Interdisciplinary HTLV Research Group - GIPH - Fundação HEMOMINAS, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. jgontijos@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Jaqueline Gontijo
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: de Souza
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Virologia Básica e Aplicada (LVBA), Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. fdafonseca@icb.ufmg.br.
authors.forename: Flavio Guimaraes
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Da Fonseca
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Virologia Básica e Aplicada (LVBA), Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. rodrigoebio@gmail.com.|Interdisciplinary HTLV Research Group - GIPH - Fundação HEMOMINAS, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. rodrigoebio@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Rodrigo Gonçalves Silva
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: dos Santos
authors.affiliation: Centro Tecnológico SENAI CETEC, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. margareth.andrade@fiemg.com.br.
authors.forename: Margareth Spangler
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.affiliation: Centro de Pesquisas Renè Rachou, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. zani@cpqrr.fiocruz.br.
authors.forename: Carlos Leomar
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Zani
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. elainefagundes@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Elaine Maria
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: de Souza-Fagundes
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Virologia Básica e Aplicada (LVBA), Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. edelfb@icb.ufmg.br.|Interdisciplinary HTLV Research Group - GIPH - Fundação HEMOMINAS, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. edelfb@icb.ufmg.br.
authors.forename: Edel Figueiredo
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Barbosa-Stancioli
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001685:Biological Factors / Q000494:pharmacology; D001688:Biological Products / Q000494:pharmacology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015368:Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D009024:Morphogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D001685:Biological Factors; D001688:Biological Products; D004224:Diterpenes; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C479637:myriadenolide