title: Effects of testosterone therapy on bipolar disorder with Klinefelter syndrome.
abstract: Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is widely associated with cognitive impairment and language problems. KS patients may also exhibit psychiatric symptoms. We present the case of an 18-year-old man with KS who experienced rapidly repeating relapses of manic episodes. He was unresponsive to the usual pharmacotherapies for bipolar disorders such as mood stabilizers and second-generation antipsychotics. Mood was eventually improved with testosterone therapy in addition to pharmacotherapy, with no relapse of manic episodes for 3 years after discharge. Testosterone therapy may prevent relapsing manic episodes of bipolar disorder in patients with KS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawahara
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan. Electronic address: papillio@taj.bbiq.jp.
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jono
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshitomo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishi
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kohnodai Hospital, National Center of Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Hirokage
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ushijima
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ikeda
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000728:Androgens / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D006801:Humans; D007713:Klinefelter Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D013739:Testosterone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D013739:Testosterone
keywords: Bipolar disorder; Extra-X chromosome; Klinefelter syndrome; Testosterone therapy