title: PTEN secretion in exosomes.
abstract: PTEN was discovered as a membrane-associated tumor suppressor protein nearly two decades ago, but the concept that it can be secreted and taken up by recipient cells is revolutionary. Since then, various laboratories have reported that PTEN is indeed secreted and available for uptake by other cells in at least two different guises. First, PTEN may be packaged and exported within extracellular vesicles (EV) called exosomes. Second, PTEN may also be secreted as a naked protein in a longer isoform called PTEN-long. While the conditions favouring the secretion of PTEN-long remain unknown, PTEN secretion in exosomes is enhanced by the Ndfip1/Nedd4 ubiquitination system. In this report, we describe conditions for packaging PTEN in exosomes and their potential use for mediating non cell-autonomous functions in recipient cells. We suggest that this mode of PTEN transfer may potentially provide beneficial PTEN for tumor suppression, however it may also propagate deleterious versions of mutated PTEN causing tumorigenesis.
authors.affiliation: Brain Development and Regeneration Laboratory, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Putz
authors.affiliation: Brain Development and Regeneration Laboratory, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
authors.forename: Sophia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mah
authors.affiliation: Brain Development and Regeneration Laboratory, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
authors.forename: Choo-Peng
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Goh
authors.affiliation: Brain Development and Regeneration Laboratory, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
authors.forename: Ley-Hian
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Low
authors.affiliation: Brain Development and Regeneration Laboratory, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Howitt
authors.affiliation: Brain Development and Regeneration Laboratory, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia. Electronic address: stan@florey.edu.au.
authors.forename: Seong-Seng
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Tan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D055354:Exosomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase / Q000378:metabolism*; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; C494929:PTEN protein, human
keywords: Exosomes; Ndfip1; PTEN secretion