title: Safety of subcutaneous versus intravenous tocilizumab in combination with traditional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tocilizumab (TCZ), a humanized anti-IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) monoclonal antibody, has demonstrated efficacy and tolerability in several large randomized, controlled trials for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
  
  
  METHODS
  This article compares the safety profile of the newer, subcutaneous (SC) formulation of TCZ with the original intravenous (IV) formulation, in combination with traditional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) in patients with RA. Several pivotal clinical trials are included, highlighting data from: i) trials of TCZ-IV; ii) trials of TCZ-SC; and iii) trials comparing IV to SC TCZ. TCZ use in pediatric populations is beyond the scope of this review.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The efficacy and safety of TCZ-IV in the treatment of RA has been demonstrated in multiple clinical trials, both as monotherapy and in combination with traditional DMARDs. The data for TCZ-SC is similar, albeit with a higher frequency of injection site reactions (ISRs). With careful patient selection, the benefit: risk ratio is favorable, offering patients a rapid and sustained reduction in disease activity, improved function and reduced structural damage. Given that most patients prefer SC to IV medication, TCZ-SC will likely become a mainstay, along with other biologic agents, for the treatment of RA patients who have failed traditional non-biologic DMARDs.
authors.affiliation: Addenbrooke's Hospital, Rheumatology Research Unit , Box 204, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge , UK.
authors.forename: Maeve
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McLaughlin
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Östör
mesh_terms: D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D019947:Receptors, Interleukin-6 / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D019947:Receptors, Interleukin-6; C502936:tocilizumab
keywords: humanized anti-IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) antibody; immunotherapy; rheumatoid arthritis; safety; tocilizumab