title: Trikatu, a herbal compound mitigates the biochemical and immunological complications in adjuvant-induced arthritic rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disorder with multi-factorial factors influencing disease alleviation in synovial joints. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-arthritic efficacy of trikatu, a herbal compound, on biochemical and immunological complications in adjuvant-induced arthritic rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Arthritis was induced in rats by a single intradermal injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (0.1 mL) into the foot pad of the right hind paw. Trikatu (1000 mg/kg body weight, oral) and indomethacin (3 mg/kg body weight, intrap intraperitoneal) were administered for 8 days from days 11 to 18 after adjuvant injection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our present study results evidenced a significant alteration in the activities/levels of lysosomal enzymes, protein bound carbohydrates, bone collagen, urinary constituents like hydroxyproline and total glycosaminoglycans, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant status, lipid profiles, rheumatoid factor and inflammatory mediators in adjuvant-induced arthritic rats. Trikatu treatment (1000 mg/kg/body weight) reverted back all the above biochemical and immunological parameters to near normal levels in arthritic rats as evidenced by the radiological and histopathological assessements .
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that trikatu could be a promising alternative drug for the control and management of rheumatoid arthritis.
authors.affiliation: Immunopathology Laboratory, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, India.
authors.forename: Vachana
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Murunikkara
authors.affiliation: Immunopathology Laboratory, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, India.
authors.forename: Mahaboob K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Rasool
mesh_terms: D000475:Alkenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant; D007596:Joints / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010880:Piperidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000475:Alkenes; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D010880:Piperidines; D010936:Plant Extracts; C540456:trikatu; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant
keywords: adjuvant-induced arthritis; indomethacin; trikatu