title: Powerful leverages and counter-currents in the unborn child spiritual care: a qualitative study.
abstract: In different cultures, pregnancy, birth and motherhood are perceived as spiritual events through their miraculous processes and create an ideal context for spiritual enrichment. However, studies on spirituality and birth are at very early stages. The purpose of this study was to understand the facilitators and barriers of the unborn child spiritual care in Iranian women. Twenty-two mothers with live pregnancy experience who were willing and able to share their life stories were selected purposefully in Tehran (Iran) from May 2012 to April 2013. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze 27 interviews. Active and passive acquisition of information, inner inspirational messages, receiving effective support from the people around as well as modeling of self and significant others created "powerful leverages" to accelerate mother for caring her unborn child. "Counter-currents" in the form of unsuitable physical conditions during pregnancy, poor economic and social conditions, unsuitable psychological and cognitive conditions and finally understanding unsuitable ideological conditions of the self and care giver were identified as barriers. Iranian cultural and religious perspective on the unborn child physical and mental influence from mother has an important role in mother's self-care behaviors during pregnancy. It seems that using interdisciplinary professionals' skills based on understanding facilitators and barriers of mother care of the unborn child can lead to providing comprehensive prenatal care according to mothers' cultural, religious and social context.
authors.forename: Tooba
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Heidari
authors.affiliation: Correspondence: Saeedeh Ziaei, Professor, Department of Midwifery & Reproductive Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-111, Tehran, Iran. E-mail: ziaei_sa@modares.ac.ir. ziaei_sa@modares.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Saeideh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ziaei
authors.forename: Fazlollah
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ahmadi
authors.forename: Eesa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mohammadi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D020073:Gravidity; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D007492:Iran; D008875:Middle Aged; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology*; D036301:Qualitative Research; D029181:Spirituality