title: Inhibition of DMBA-induced Oral Squamous Cells Carcinoma Growth by Brazilian Red Propolis in Rodent Model.
abstract: We investigated the effect of oral administration of hydroalcoholic extract of Brazilian red propolis (HERP) on DMBA-induced oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) in rodents. The chemical components of the HERP were assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Carcinogenesis was topically induced in the lower lip of 25 rats using 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene (DMBA); the tumour was treated with saline (TUM1) and Tween 80 (TUM2) as well as HERP at 10, 50 and 100 mg/kg (HERP10, HERP50 and HERP100, respectively) for 20 weeks. Topical application of saline and oral administration of 100 mg/kg HERP was used in five rats as a control group (CTR). After 26 weeks, the histological malignancy grading and immunohistochemical expression of Ki-67 and p16(INK4A) were assessed in the tumours/tissue samples. The compounds identified were propyl gallate, daidzein, catechin, epicatechin, formononetin and biochanin A. Formononetin, daidzein and biochanin A showed concentration of 23.29, 0.38 and 0.67 mg/g of HERP, respectively. HERP at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg inhibited 40% of OSCC growth and promoted a 3-week delay in development of clinically detectable tumours. Epithelial dysplasia was observed in all samples with no clinical tumour, except in CTR. No significant difference in the immunoexpression of Ki-67 and p16(INK4A) was observed between HERP-treated and saline/Tween 80-treated groups (p > 0.05). Our results suggest that HERP exerts chemopreventive activity on the progression of DMBA-induced epithelial dysplasia to OSCC in an experimental model of labial carcinogenesis; however, this effect is not associated with Ki-67 and p16(INK4A) immunoexpression.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Morphology and Experimental Pathology, Institute of Technology and Research -ITP, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Danielle R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Morphology and Experimental Pathology, Institute of Technology and Research -ITP, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ângela Valéria F
authors.initials: ÂV
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Morphology and Experimental Pathology, Institute of Technology and Research -ITP, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Esaú P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: dos Santos
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biomaterials, Institute of Technology and Research -ITP, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.|Department of Pharmacy, University Tiradentes, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Francine F
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Padilha
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Morphology and Experimental Pathology, Institute of Technology and Research -ITP, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Margarete Z
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biomaterials, Institute of Technology and Research -ITP, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.|Department of Pharmacy, University Tiradentes, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alessandra S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Rabelo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biomaterials, Institute of Technology and Research -ITP, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.|Department of Pharmacy, University Tiradentes, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juliana C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.affiliation: Department of Agri-Food Industry, Food and Nutrition, 'Luiz de Queiroz' College of Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Adna Prado
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Massarioli
authors.affiliation: Department of Agri-Food Industry, Food and Nutrition, 'Luiz de Queiroz' College of Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Severino Matias
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: de Alencar
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Morphology and Experimental Pathology, Institute of Technology and Research -ITP, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.|Department of Odontology, University Tiradentes, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ricardo Luiz C
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: de Albuquerque-Júnior
mesh_terms: D015127:9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene / Q000633:toxicity; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018890:Chemoprevention / Q000379:methods; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D018450:Disease Progression; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011429:Propolis / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D015127:9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene; D011429:Propolis