title: Secondary glaucoma as initial manifestation of ring melanoma: a case report and review of literature.
abstract: Melanomas account for over 70% of adult malignancies in the eye and occur primarily in the choroid. Melanomas rarely originate in the ciliary body, with an annual incidence of approximately 1.6 cases per million. While the incidence rate of these tumors is low, malignant melanomas metastasize at early stages of disease development and show poor prognoses. Malignant melanomas of the ciliary body are often deeply hidden and have complex clinical manifestations, which are easily misdiagnosed and affect the prognosis. Here, we report a case of monocular ciliary body melanoma in an elderly Asian woman. Using this case as an example, we perform a systematic review of the disease's clinical symptoms, signs, diagnoses, differential diagnoses, treatment and prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Yellow River Hospital, Henan University of Science and Technology Sanmenxia City, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Manli
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Yellow River Hospital, Henan University of Science and Technology Sanmenxia City, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yalin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mu
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Yellow River Hospital, Henan University of Science and Technology Sanmenxia City, Henan Province, People's Republic of China ; Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yalong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dang
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015353:Eye Enucleation; D005260:Female; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008545:Melanoma / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D011379:Prognosis; D014604:Uveal Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D000098943:Uveal Melanoma
keywords: Malignant melanoma; ciliary body; ring malignant melanoma; secondary glaucoma