title: Diagnosis and management of filler adverse effects: an algorithm.
abstract: Fillers are frequently used in beautifying procedures. Despite major advancements of the chemical and biological features of injected materials, filler-related adverse events may occur, and can substantially impact the clinical outcome. Filler granulomas become manifest as visible grains, nodules, or papules around the site of the primary injection. Early recognition and proper treatment of filler-related complications is important because effective treatment options are available. In this report, we provide a comprehensive overview of the differential diagnosis and diagnostics and develop an algorithm of successful therapy regimens.
authors.affiliation: Skin and Face Clinic, Baden-Baden, Germany.
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Feller-Heppt
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Universitätsspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Eckart
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Haneke
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Markus V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Heppt
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003288:Contusions / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis; D003357:Cosmetic Techniques; D003879:Dermatologic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D005148:Facial Dermatoses / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D006099:Granuloma / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D009336:Necrosis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology*; D012883:Skin Ulcer / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003879:Dermatologic Agents