title: Gaseous emissions during the solid state fermentation of different wastes for enzyme production at pilot scale.
abstract: The emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOC), CH4, N2O and NH3 during the solid state fermentation process of some selected wastes to obtain different enzymes have been determined at pilot scale. Orange peel+compost (OP), hair wastes+raw sludge (HW) and winterization residue+raw sludge (WR) have been processed in duplicate in 50 L reactors to provide emission factors and to identify the different VOC families present in exhaust gaseous emissions. Ammonia emission from HW fermentation (3.2±0.5 kg Mg(-1) dry matter) and VOC emission during OP processes (18±6 kg Mg(-1) dry matter) should be considered in an industrial application of these processes. Terpenes have been the most emitted VOC family during all the processes although the emission of sulphide molecules during HW SSF is notable. The most emitted compound was dimethyl disulfide in HW and WR processes, and limonene in the SSF of OP.
authors.affiliation: Composting Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Caterina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Maulini-Duran
authors.affiliation: Composting Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Juliana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Abraham
authors.affiliation: Composting Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Sheila
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Pérez
authors.affiliation: Composting Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Alejandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cerda
authors.affiliation: Composting Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jiménez-Peñalver
authors.affiliation: Composting Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gea
authors.affiliation: Composting Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Raquel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Barrena
authors.affiliation: Composting Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: adriana.artola@uab.cat.
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Artola
authors.affiliation: Composting Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Font
authors.affiliation: Composting Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Antoni
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sánchez
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D000641:Ammonia / Q000032:analysis; D004798:Enzymes / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005285:Fermentation; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D005740:Gases / Q000032:analysis*; D008697:Methane / Q000032:analysis; D010865:Pilot Projects; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D014866:Waste Products / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D004798:Enzymes; D005740:Gases; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds; D014866:Waste Products; D000641:Ammonia; D008697:Methane
keywords: Ammonia; Emission factors; Methane; Solid state fermentation; VOC characterization