title: Gargantuan left atrium: a sequela of mitral regurgitation and mitral stenosis.
abstract: Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and echocardiography revealed a gargantuan left atrium measuring 18.9 cm × 15.7 cm × 11.3 cm in a 56-year-old patient diagnosed with severe rheumatic mitral stenosis, severe pulmonary hypertension, and permanent atrial fibrillation. A chest x-ray also revealed a cardiothoracic ratio approaching 1.0 and a transthoracic echocardiogram measured diameters as large as 19.2 cm. The patient then underwent mitral valve replacement and left atrial reduction surgery and has had no further admissions or complications.
authors.affiliation: Center for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The Gerald McGinnis Cardiovascular Institute, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.|Washington and Jefferson College, Washington, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Brian T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Omslaer
authors.affiliation: Center for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The Gerald McGinnis Cardiovascular Institute, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Robert W W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Biederman
mesh_terms: D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D019028:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D008946:Mitral Valve Stenosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: cardiac MRI; echocardiography; left atrium; mitral regurgitation; mitral stenosis