title: A Cronobacter turicensis O1 antigen-specific monoclonal antibody inhibits bacterial motility and entry into epithelial cells.
abstract: Cronobacter turicensis is an opportunistic foodborne pathogen that can cause a rare but sometimes lethal infection in neonates. Little is known about the virulence mechanisms and intracellular lifestyle of this pathogen. In this study, we developed an IgG monoclonal antibody (MAb; MAb 2G4) that specifically recognizes the O1 antigen of C. turicensis cells. The antilipopolysaccharide antibody bound predominantly monovalently to the O antigen and reduced bacterial growth without causing cell agglutination. Furthermore, binding of the antibody to the O1 antigen of C. turicensis cells caused a significant reduction of the membrane potential which is required to energize flagellar rotation, accompanied by a decreased flagellum-based motility. These results indicate that binding of IgG to the O antigen of C. turicensis causes a direct antimicrobial effect. In addition, this feature of the antibody enabled new insight into the pathogenicity of C. turicensis. In a tissue culture infection model, pretreatment of C. turicensis with MAb 2G4 showed no difference in adhesion to human epithelial cells, whereas invasion of bacteria into Caco-2 cells was significantly inhibited.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Oberschleißheim, Germany kristina.schauer@mh.vetmed.uni-muenchen.de.
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schauer
authors.affiliation: Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Angelika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lehner
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Oberschleißheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dietrich
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Oberschleißheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Ina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kleinsteuber
authors.affiliation: Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Rocío
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Canals
authors.affiliation: Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zurfluh
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Oberschleißheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Weiner
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Oberschleißheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Erwin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Märtlbauer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D059126:Cronobacter / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity; D005260:Female; D005407:Flagella / Q000187:drug effects; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D006825:Hybridomas / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009068:Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D019081:O Antigens / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D019081:O Antigens