title: The diagnostic value of routine antenatal ultrasound in screening for congenital uropathies.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Antenatal hydronephrosis (ANH) is characteristic for congenital obstructive abnormalities of the urinary tract (COAUT). COAUT is the most common cause of urinary tract infections (UTI's) in newborns. The prognosis of mild to moderate ANH is unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic value of antenatal ultrasound screening for ANH in order to inform patients correctly.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective cohort study over the period 2009-2011, evaluating all structural ultrasounds and proven cases of ANH. Also, evaluation of all patients diagnosed with UTIs caused by COAUT in the same period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  About 7003 children underwent antenatal screening. Of them, 0.7% (n = 47) were diagnosed with ANH. In the same period, 257 children without ANH had a proven UTI. Of them, 4.3% (n = 11) were diagnosed with COAUT, which was not found during antenatal screening. The predictive value of the antenatal ultrasound was higher in the third trimester than the second trimester (sensitivity 0.97 versus 0.62, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Antenatal ultrasound screening is a reliable method in diagnosing ANH. Third trimester scanning is more specific for diagnosing ANH than second trimester scanning. Our findings allow collaborating gynecologists and pediatricians to inform patients more accurately in the future after the antenatal detection of COAUT.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pediatrics , Albert Schweitzer Hospital Dordrecht , The Netherlands .|b Department of Pediatrics , Leiden University Medical Centre Leiden , The Netherlands .
authors.forename: Anne M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: de Grauw
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pediatrics , Albert Schweitzer Hospital Dordrecht , The Netherlands .|c Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine , Erasmus MC - Sophia Children's Hospital Rotterdam , The Netherlands .|d Department of Epidemiology , Erasmus MC Sophia - Children's Hospital Rotterdam , The Netherlands , and.
authors.forename: Herman T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: den Dekker
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pediatrics , Albert Schweitzer Hospital Dordrecht , The Netherlands .
authors.forename: Amerik C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: de Mol
authors.affiliation: e Department of Gynaecology , Albert Schweitzer Hospital Dordrecht , The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Sabina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rombout-de Weerd
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D006869:Hydronephrosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014564:Urogenital Abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*
keywords: Counseling; hydronephrosis; prenatal diagnosis; ultrasonography; urinary tract infections