title: Iranian mothers' perception of the psychological birth trauma: A qualitative study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Childbirth is one of the most vulnerable moments and the most important and memorable events in the lives of women that despite of bringing happiness, it can be associated with psychological trauma and endanger the mother and neonate health. Mothers' perception of the psychological birth trauma is a highly subjective process that depends on the cultural, social and biological conditions of mothers that is not achievable except with examination of their views. This study aimed to understand psychological birth trauma from the perceptions of Iranian mothers.
  
  
  METHODS
  A qualitative research design using in-depth interviews of 23 Iranian mothers was conducted from Tehran and Isfahan health centers. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using conventional content analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two themes were extracted from the data: impact of psychological birth trauma and trends of psychological birth trauma. Several categories and sub-categories also emerged from the data. Feelings of fear, anxiety, helplessness and sense of impending death (collapse) were reported by the mothers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  By considering the unforgettable experience of mothers from the psychological birth trauma, a plan for supportive care before, during and after birth is critical.
authors.affiliation: Faculty Member of Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Nursing and Midwifery School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ziba
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Taghizadeh
authors.affiliation: Nursing and midwifery Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Irajpour
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Centre for Academic and Health Policy (CAHP), TUMS-KTE Study Group, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Saharnaz
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nedjat
authors.affiliation: Psychiatry and psychology research center, Roozbeh hospital, Department of Psychiatry,Tehran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arbabi
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Nursing and Midwifery Practice, Medical School, Australian National University Woden, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.
authors.forename: Violeta
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lopez
keywords: Content analysis; Mothers’ perspectives; Psychological birth trauma