title: Thymoquinone treatment for inner-ear acoustic trauma in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether thymoquinone has any eliminative effects against inner-ear damage caused by acoustic trauma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two male rats were divided into four groups. Group 1 was only exposed to acoustic trauma. Group 2 was given thymoquinone 24 hours before acoustic trauma and continued to receive it for 10 days after the trauma. Group 3 was only treated with thymoquinone, for 10 days. Group 4, the control group, suffered no trauma and received saline instead of thymoquinone. Groups 1 and 2 were exposed to acoustic trauma using 105 dB SPL white noise for 4 hours.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a significant decrease in distortion product otoacoustic emission values and an increase in auditory brainstem response thresholds in group 1 on days 1, 5 and 10, compared with baseline measurements. In group 2, a decrease in distortion product otoacoustic emission values and an increase in auditory brainstem response threshold were observed on day 1 after acoustic trauma, but measurements were comparable to baseline values on days 5 and 10. In group 3, thymoquinone had no detrimental effects on hearing. Similarly, the control group showed stable results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thymoquinone was demonstrated to be a reparative rather than preventive treatment that could be used to relieve acoustic trauma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Faculty of Medicine,Bezmialem Vakif University,Istanbul,Turkey.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Aksoy
authors.affiliation: Otorhinolaryngology Clinic,Bayrampasa State Hospital,Istanbul,Turkey.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dogan
authors.affiliation: Otorhinolaryngology Clinic,Karaman State Hospital,Istanbul,Turkey.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yenigun
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Faculty of Medicine,Bezmialem Vakif University,Istanbul,Turkey.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Veyseller
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Faculty of Medicine,Bezmialem Vakif University,Istanbul,Turkey.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ozturan
authors.affiliation: Department of Audiology,Faculty of Health Sciences,Bezmialem Vakif University,Istanbul,Turkey.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ozturk
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016227:Benzoquinones / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D007758:Ear, Inner / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016057:Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem / Q000187:drug effects; D006317:Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D017084:Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D016227:Benzoquinones; C003466:thymoquinone
keywords: Thymoquinone