title: Preventive effects of antioxidants and exercise on muscle atrophy induced by ischemic reperfusion.
abstract: [Purpose] This study aimed to determine whether muscle atrophy induced by ischemic reperfusion injury in rats can be prevented by the administration of antioxidants and exercise. [Subjects] Rats were randomly divided into five groups: non-treated, ischemic, exercise, ascorbic acid and exercise, and tocopherol and exercise. [Methods] The relative weight ratio of the soleus muscle and the length of the soleus muscle fiber cross-section minor axis were used for the evaluation of muscle atrophy. Pain was assessed as the weight-bearing ratio of the ischemic side. A multiple comparison test and the paired t-test were used for the statistical analyses. [Results] Compared with the non-treated group, the relative weight ratios of the soleus muscle and the lengths of the soleus muscle fiber cross-section minor axis significantly decreased in the other groups. Excluding the non-treated group, the relative weight ratios of the soleus muscle were heaviest in the tocopherol and exercise group. Excluding the non-treated group, the lengths of the soleus muscle fiber cross-section minor axis were longest in the tocopherol and exercise group, followed by the ischemic, exercise, and ascorbic acid and exercise groups. The amount of antioxidant substances did not decrease on the weight-bearing ratio of the ischemic side. [Conclusion] In this study, using an experimental rat model, we confirmed that antioxidants and exercise effect muscle atrophy induced by ischemic reperfusion. The results show that muscle regeneration was facilitated by phagocytosis in the tocopherol and exercise group.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Namiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Umei
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Sadaaki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oki
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Otsuka
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Otao
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Wakako
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tsumiyama
authors.affiliation: Program in Biological System Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Scientific Research, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tasaka
authors.affiliation: Program in Biological System Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Scientific Research, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishikura
authors.affiliation: Program in Biological System Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Scientific Research, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aihara
authors.affiliation: Program in Biological System Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Scientific Research, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuta
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Konan Woman's University, Japan.
authors.forename: Michele Eisemann
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Shimizu
keywords: Antioxidant; Exercise; Ischemic reperfusion