title: Synthesis and characterization of carboxymethyl cellulose from office waste paper: a greener approach towards waste management.
abstract: In the present study, functionalization of mixed office waste (MOW) paper has been carried out to synthesize carboxymethyl cellulose, a most widely used product for various applications. MOW was pulped and deinked prior to carboxymethylation. The deinked pulp yield was 80.62 ± 2.0% with 72.30 ± 1.50% deinkability factor. The deinked pulp was converted to CMC by alkalization followed by etherification using NaOH and ClCH2COONa respectively, in an alcoholic medium. Maximum degree of substitution (DS) (1.07) of prepared CMC was achieved at 50 °C with 0.094 M and 0.108 M concentrations of NaOH and ClCH2COONa respectively for 3h reaction time. The rheological characteristics of 1-3% aqueous solution of optimized CMC product showed the non-Newtonian pseudoplastic behavior. Fourier transform infra red (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) study were used to characterize the CMC product.
authors.affiliation: Cellulose and Paper Division, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun 248006, India. Electronic address: joshig@icfre.org.
authors.forename: Gyanesh
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Joshi
authors.affiliation: Chemistry of Forest Products Division, Institute of Wood Science & Technology, Bangalore 560003, India.
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Naithani
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Division, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun 248006, India.
authors.forename: V K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Varshney
authors.affiliation: Chemistry of Forest Products Division, Institute of Wood Science & Technology, Bangalore 560003, India.
authors.forename: Surendra S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Bisht
authors.affiliation: Cellulose and Paper Division, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun 248006, India.
authors.forename: Vikas
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rana
authors.affiliation: Cellulose and Paper Division, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun 248006, India.
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Gupta
mesh_terms: D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D010209:Paper; D059027:Recycling / Q000379:methods*; D018505:Waste Management / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium
keywords: Carboxymethyl cellulose; Degree of substitution; Deinking; Pulping; Waste-paper