title: Antioxidant activity of Tween-20 and Tween-80 evaluated through different in-vitro tests.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to evaluate the possible antioxidant activity of Tween-20 and Tween-80, two amphipathic nonionic surfactants commonly used as solubilizers and stabilizers, whose pharmacological effects have been ignored to a large degree.
  
  
  METHODS
  Antioxidant activity was investigated in vitro measuring the scavenging activity on the stable free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH(●) ), the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in activated human neutrophils using flow cytometry and the myeloperoxidase (MPO) inhibitory activity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tween-20 and Tween-80 did not show scavenging activity on DPPH(●) , while produced a decrease of the ROS production in human neutrophils, being Tween-20 more active than Tween-80. Moreover, Tween-80 and Tween-20 were found to significantly stimulate MPO enzymatic activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings raise concerns with regard to the indiscriminate use of Tween-20 and Tween-80 in clinical and laboratory testing, since they could influence the results that are assigned to the tested substance.
authors.affiliation: Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Renato
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pérez-Rosés
authors.forename: Ester
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Risco
authors.forename: Roser
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vila
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Peñalver
authors.forename: Salvador
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cañigueral
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000378:metabolism; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D010851:Picrates / Q000378:metabolism; D011136:Polysorbates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D010851:Picrates; D011136:Polysorbates; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D009195:Peroxidase
keywords: DPPH●; ROS; Tween; myeloperoxidase; polysorbates