title: Outcomes in orthopedics and traumatology: translating research into practice.
abstract: Clinical research is focused in generating evidence that is feasible to be applicable to practitioners. However, translating research-focused evidence into practice may be challenging and often misleading. This article aims is to pinpoint these challenges and suggest some methodological safeguards, taking platelet-rich plasma therapies and knee osteochondral injuries as examples. Studies and systematic reviews involving the following concepts will be investigated: clinically relevant outcomes, systematic errors on sample calculation, internal and external validity. Relevant studies on platelet-rich plasma for muscle-tendon lesions and updates on osteochondral lesions treatment were included in this analysis. Authors and clinicians should consider these concepts for the implementation and application of dissemination of the best evidence. Research results should be challenged by a weighted analysis of its methodological soundness and applicability. Level of Evidence V, Therapeutic Studies - Investigating the Results of Treatment.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Department of Orthopedics, São Paulo, Brazil, Department of Orthopedics - Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vinícius Ynoe
authors.initials: VY
authors.lastname: de Moraes
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Department of Orthopedics, São Paulo, Brazil, Department of Orthopedics - Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paula Martins de Oliveira
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Ferrari
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Department of Orthopedics, São Paulo, Brazil, Department of Orthopedics - Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Guilherme Conforto
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Gracitelli
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Department of Orthopedics, São Paulo, Brazil, Department of Orthopedics - Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Flávio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Faloppa
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Department of Orthopedics, São Paulo, Brazil, Department of Orthopedics - Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: João Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Belloti
keywords: Evidence-based medicine; Knee joint; Orthopedics; Outcomes research; Platelet-rich plasma