title: Fabrication of a PMN-PT single crystal-based transcranial Doppler transducer and the power regulation of its detection system.
abstract: Doppler sonographic measurement of flow velocity in the basal cerebral arteries through the intact skull was developed using a pulsed Doppler technique and 2 MHz emitting frequency. Relaxor-based ferroelectric single crystals Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 (PMN-PT) were chosen to be the piezoelectric transducer material due to their ultrahigh piezoelectric coefficients, high electromechanical coupling coefficients and low dielectric loss. The pulse-echo response of the transducer was measured using the conventional pulse-echo method in a water bath at room temperature. The -6 dB bandwidth of the transducer is 68.4% and the sensitivity is -17.4 dB. In order to get a good match between transducer and detection system, different transmission powers have been regulated by changing the impedance of the transmitting electric circuit. In the middle cerebral artery (MCA) measurement photograph results, as the transmission power is increasing, the detection results become clearer and clearer. A comparison at the same transmission power for different transducers shows that the detection photograph obtained by the crystal transducer was clearer than that obtained with a commercial transducer, which should make it easier for doctors to find the cerebral arteries.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials and Devices, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 215 Chengbei Road, Jiading, Shanghai 201800, China. yue.qingwen@student.sic.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Qingwen
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yue
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials and Devices, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 215 Chengbei Road, Jiading, Shanghai 201800, China. liudxu@outlook.com.
authors.forename: Dongxu
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials and Devices, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 215 Chengbei Road, Jiading, Shanghai 201800, China. wwang1008@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials and Devices, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 215 Chengbei Road, Jiading, Shanghai 201800, China. dwn@mail.sic.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Wenning
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Di
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials and Devices, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 215 Chengbei Road, Jiading, Shanghai 201800, China. liudxu@outlook.com.
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials and Devices, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 215 Chengbei Road, Jiading, Shanghai 201800, China. wang1972wang@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Xi'an
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials and Devices, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 215 Chengbei Road, Jiading, Shanghai 201800, China. hsluo@mail.sic.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Haosu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Luo
mesh_terms: D002536:Cerebral Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D017097:Electric Impedance; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler / Q000379:methods*