title: Extraction optimization, structure and antioxidant activities of Fortunella margarita Swingle polysaccharides.
abstract: The objective of this study was to maximize the yield of polysaccharides extracted from Fortunella margarita Swingle (FMPS) and investigate the relationship between the structure and antioxidant activities. The optimal conditions for ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) of FMPS were ultrasonic power 171W, extraction temperature 50°C, water volume to raw material weight (W/M) ratio 32 ml/g and extraction time 87 min. Under these conditions, the yield of FMPS was 4.15±0.11% (w/w), which was increased by 129.28% compared to hot water extraction. FMPS3, the main fraction of FMPS, was isolated by DEAE Sepharose CL-6B column chromatography. According to size-exclusion chromatography, multi-angle laser light-scattering and refractive index (SEC-MALLS-RI), the molecular weight (Mw), polydispersity index (Mw/Mn) and root-mean-square turning radius (Rg) of FMPS3 were 4.58×10(5) (±2.02%) Da, 1.08 (±1.23%), 28.13 (±1.73%) nm, respectively. FMPS3, linked mainly by β-glycosidic bonds, consisted of galactose, galacturonic acid, glucose, mannose and rhamnose as shown by HPLC, FT-IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR. Furthermore, FMPS3 displayed strong scavenging ability against hydroxyl, superoxide and DPPH radicals. The activity was affected by the monosaccharide composition, molecular weight and proportion of β-glycosidic bonds and was a result of a combination of multiple structural factors. FMPS3 is potentially a novel natural antioxidant agent.
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002 Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China.
authors.forename: Hongliang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002 Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002 Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China.
authors.forename: Yingting
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002 Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China.
authors.forename: Yuting
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, , Co. Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: Song
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002 Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China. Electronic address: zbdfst@163.com.
authors.forename: Baodong
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000379:methods; D008970:Molecular Weight; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D027821:Rutaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011134:Polysaccharides
keywords: Antioxidant activities; Fortunella margarita Swingle polysaccharides; Ultrasonic-assisted extraction