title: Rapidly destructive arthrosis of the shoulder joints: radiographic, magnetic resonance imaging, and histopathologic findings.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Rapidly destructive arthrosis of the humeral head is a rare condition with an elusive pathophysiologic mechanism. In this study, radiographic and histopathologic findings were analyzed to determine the clinical characteristics of this rare condition.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively analyzed 189 patients who underwent total shoulder arthroplasty from January 2001 to August 2012. Among them, 9 patients showed a particular pattern of rapid collapse of the humeral head on plain radiography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) within 12 months from symptom onset. Patients with trauma, rheumatoid arthritis, steroid intake, neurologic osteoarthropathy, osteonecrosis, renal osteoarthropathy, or gout were excluded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients were women, with a mean age of 72.0 years (range, 63-85 years). The right side was involved in 7 cases and the left in 2 cases. The mean duration of humeral head collapse was 5.6 months (range, 2-11 months) from the onset of shoulder pain. Plain radiographs of all patients showed a unique pattern of humeral head flattening, which appeared like a clean surgical cut with bone debris around the humeral head. MRI findings revealed significant joint effusion and bone marrow edema in the humeral head, without involvement of the glenoid. Pathologic findings showed both fragmentation and regeneration of bone matrix, representing fracture healing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The important features of rapidly destructive shoulder arthrosis are unique flattened humeral head collapse with MRI showing massive joint effusion and bone marrow edema in the remnant humeral head. This condition should be considered in the differential diagnosis of elderly women with insidious shoulder pain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center, School of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Aashay L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Kekatpure
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center, School of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center, School of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Gyeong-Bo
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Sim
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center, School of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Myeung
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Chun
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center, School of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, South Korea. Electronic address: jeonchoi@gmail.com.
authors.forename: In-Ho
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Jeon
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019643:Arthroplasty, Replacement; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D058430:Humeral Head / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D020069:Shoulder Pain / Q000209:etiology
keywords: Humeral head destruction; MRI analysis; rapid destructive arthrosis