title: Associations of vitamin D concentration with metabolic and hormonal indices in women with polycystic ovary syndrome presenting abdominal and gynoidal type of obesity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to estimate potential associations of vitamin D concentration with metabolic and hormonal indices in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) presenting abdominal and gynoidal type of obesity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-six women with PCOS (19-49 years old, BMI: 26.8-53.8 kg/m2), presenting predominantly abdominal and gynoidal type of obesity were recruited. Anthropometric measures, body composition using dual-energy absorptiometry, fasting serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, leptin, glucose, insulin, homeostatic model of assessment (HOMA), lipids, androgens and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHGB) were estimated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Vitamin D insufficiency was found in 2, and deficiency or deep deficiency in 12 patients. Levels of vitamin D were lower in obese than non-obese women, and in patients with abdominal as compared to gynoidal obesity (9.60±3.7 vs. 16.02±3.3 ng/mL, p<0.04). In obese women, vitamin D correlated negatively with all, except for gynoidal fat, measures of obesity fasting glucose levels, and HOMA. No correlations with androgens were found. In women with abdominal obesity vitamin D correlated with luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone ratio (LH/FSH) and SHBG.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We demonstrated that women with PCOS are often vitamin D deficient. Its concentration was lower in patients with predominantly abdominal obesity as compared to subjects with gynoidal fat excess. In overweight/obese subjects with PCOS, vitamin D correlated with fasting glucose and HOMA. The correlation with LH/FSH suggests that vitamin D status may contribute to hormonal dysregulation. Further studies are needed to elucidate a potentially different impact of abdominal and subcutaneous fat on vitamin D metabolism.
authors.forename: Jarosław
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kozakowski
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kapuścińska
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zgliczyński
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000728:Androgens / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin / Q000032:analysis; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000378:metabolism*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D001786:Blood Glucose; D020738:Leptin; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin; D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D