title: Dynamic changes in sRAGE levels and relationship with cardiac function in STEMI patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Soluble receptor of advanced glycation end-products (sRAGE) may be a predictive biomarker in coronary artery disease (CAD). Patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have higher sRAGE levels compared to healthy subjects. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to investigate the dynamic changes in sRAGE levels during AMI and relationship with cardiac dysfunction.
  
  
  METHODS
  We prospectively included 80 patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI). sRAGE concentrations were measured before pPCI, immediately after pPCI and again on the first and second following days. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was evaluated 1-3 days after the pPCI and again at a median of 7months by echocardiography, and infarct size was measured by cardiac magnetic resonance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  sRAGE levels were high in the early phase of AMI; sRAGE levels significantly increased after pPCI compared with sRAGE before pPCI (median ratio: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.15-1.35, P<0.001), and the increase was observed prior to Troponin I (TnI). sRAGE levels decreased notably the first day after pPCI (median ratio: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.30-0.39, P<0.001). Peak sRAGE independently associated with long-term cardiac dysfunction estimated by LVEF (P=0.008). Furthermore, sRAGE measured after pPCI associated with infarct size (P=0.038).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  sRAGE levels were high in the early phase rather than in the days after AMI and pPCI. The increase in sRAGE was seen before detectable changes in TnI. In addition, sRAGE was independently associated with long-term cardiac dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: The Medical Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Noerrebrogade 44, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Noerrebrogade 44, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. Electronic address: ljnoergaard@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Louise J N
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology P, Gentofte University Hospital, Niels Andersens Vej 65, DK-2900 Hellerup, Denmark.
authors.forename: Søren
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lindberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology P, Gentofte University Hospital, Niels Andersens Vej 65, DK-2900 Hellerup, Denmark.
authors.forename: Søren
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology P, Gentofte University Hospital, Niels Andersens Vej 65, DK-2900 Hellerup, Denmark.
authors.forename: Allan Z
authors.initials: AZ
authors.lastname: Iversen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology P, Gentofte University Hospital, Niels Andersens Vej 65, DK-2900 Hellerup, Denmark.
authors.forename: Sune H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Pedersen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology P, Gentofte University Hospital, Niels Andersens Vej 65, DK-2900 Hellerup, Denmark.
authors.forename: Rasmus
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Møgelvang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology P, Gentofte University Hospital, Niels Andersens Vej 65, DK-2900 Hellerup, Denmark.
authors.forename: Søren
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Galatius
authors.affiliation: The Medical Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Noerrebrogade 44, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Noerrebrogade 44, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
authors.forename: Allan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Flyvbjerg
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology P, Gentofte University Hospital, Niels Andersens Vej 65, DK-2900 Hellerup, Denmark; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.
authors.forename: Jan S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.affiliation: The Medical Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Noerrebrogade 44, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Noerrebrogade 44, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
authors.forename: Mette
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bjerre
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D062645:Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / Q000639:trends; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products / Q000097:blood*; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; C000593871:AGER protein, human
keywords: Acute myocardial infarction; Biomarker; Left ventricular ejection fraction; Primary percutaneous coronary intervention; Soluble receptor of advanced glycation end-products; sRAGE