title: [Affective disorders: endocrine and metabolic comorbidities].
abstract: Links between affective and endocrine-metabolic disorders are numerous and complex. In this review, we explore most frequent endocrine-metabolic comorbidities. On the one hand, these comorbidities imply numerous iatrogenic effects from antipsychotics (metabolic side-effects) or from lithium (endocrine side-effects). On the other hand, these comorbidities are also associated with affective disorders independently from medication. We will successively examine metabolic syndrome, glycemic disturbances, obesity and thyroid disorders among patients with affective disorders. Endocrinemetabolic comorbidities can be individually encountered, but can also be associated. Therefore, they substantially impact morbidity and mortality by increasing cardiovascular risk factors. Two distinct approaches give an account of processes involved in these comorbidities: common environmental factors (iatrogenic effects, lifestyle), and/or shared physiological vulnerabilities. In conclusion, we provide a synthesis of important results and recommendations related to endocrine-metabolic comorbidities in affective disorders : heavy influence on morbidity and mortality, undertreatment of somatic diseases, importance of endocrine and metabolic side effects from main mood stabilizers, impact from sex and age on the prevalence of comorbidities, influence from previous depressive episodes in bipolar disorders, and relevance of systematic screening for subclinical (biological) disturbances.
authors.affiliation: Pôle universitaire de psychiatrie, CHU Sainte-Marguerite, 13274 Marseille cedex 9, France; Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives, UMR CNRS 6155 & Aix-Marseille Université, Fédération 3C, Marseille, France. Electronic address: michel.cermolacce@ap-hm.fr.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cermolacce
authors.affiliation: Pôle universitaire de psychiatrie, CHU Sainte-Marguerite, 13274 Marseille cedex 9, France.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Belzeaux
authors.affiliation: Pôle universitaire de psychiatrie, CHU Sainte-Marguerite, 13274 Marseille cedex 9, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Adida
authors.affiliation: Pôle universitaire de psychiatrie, CHU Sainte-Marguerite, 13274 Marseille cedex 9, France.
authors.forename: J-M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Azorin
mesh_terms: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D007049:Iatrogenic Disease; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D009765:Obesity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D013959:Thyroid Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents
keywords: Affective disorders; Bipolar disorders; Diabetes; Diabète; Major depressive disorder; Metabolic syndrome; Obesity; Obésité; Syndrome métabolique; Thyroid; Thyroïde; Trouble affectif bipolaire; Trouble dépressif majeur; Troubles affectifs