title: Online gaming and risks predict cyberbullying perpetration and victimization in adolescents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study examined factors associated with the emergence and cessation of youth cyberbullying and victimization in Taiwan.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 2,315 students from 26 high schools were assessed in the 10th grade, with follow-up performed in the 11th grade. Self-administered questionnaires were collected in 2010 and 2011. Multiple logistic regression was conducted to examine the factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Multivariate analysis results indicated that higher levels of risk factors (online game use, exposure to violence in media, internet risk behaviors, cyber/school bullying experiences) in the 10th grade coupled with an increase in risk factors from grades 10 to 11 could be used to predict the emergence of cyberbullying perpetration/victimization. In contrast, lower levels of risk factors in the 10th grade and higher levels of protective factors coupled with a decrease in risk factors predicted the cessation of cyberbullying perpetration/victimization.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Online game use, exposure to violence in media, Internet risk behaviors, and cyber/school bullying experiences can be used to predict the emergence and cessation of youth cyberbullying perpetration and victimization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, 162 Ho-Ping E. Rd Sec.1, Taipei, 10610, Taiwan, fongchingchang@ntnu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Fong-Ching
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Chiung-Hui
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.forename: Nae-Fang
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.forename: Ping-Hung
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ching-Mei
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Tzu-Fu
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Yun-Chieh
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Pan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D058445:Bullying / Q000523:psychology*; D019548:Crime Victims / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012309:Risk-Taking; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013624:Taiwan; D018910:Video Games / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*