title: Airway inflammation and tiotropium treatment in stable COPD patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an inflammatory disease of the lung associated with progressive airflow limitation. The aim of this study is to assess the influence of tiotropium treatment on airway inflammation and symptoms in stable COPD patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Inflammatory markers were measured in the expired breath condensate fluid (EBC) before starting tiotropium treatment and at the end of the first month.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-two patients (81% men) with a mean age of 65.4 ± 10.1 years completed the study. The mean nitrotyrosine and 8-isoprostane levels for oxidative stress markers in EBC before and after treatment were 4.5 ± 2.3, 3.5 ± 1.9 pg/mL (P = 0.06) and 7.3 ± 10.8, 8.1 ± 11.7 pg/mL (P = 0.28), respectively. The mean interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels for inflammation markers in EBC before and after treatment were 1.03 ± 1.1, 0.77 ± 0.8 pg/mL (P = 0.41) and 27.8 ± 2.6, 29.2 ± 5.7 pg/mL (P = 0.36) respectively. The mean symptom scores decreased significantly with tiotropium and a mean increase of 124.6 ± 0.86 mL was observed in a lung function test (FEV1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although a 4-week treatment with tiotropium did not modify any of the inflammatory or oxidative stress markers in EBC fluid, tiotropium treatment helps to control symptoms in COPD.
authors.forename: Duygu
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Özol
authors.forename: Harun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Karamanli
authors.forename: Sema
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uysal
authors.forename: Muhammet Ramazan
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Yığıtoğlu
authors.forename: Zeki
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yildirim
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D012602:Scopolamine Derivatives / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000069447:Tiotropium Bromide
chemical_list: D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; D012602:Scopolamine Derivatives; D000069447:Tiotropium Bromide