title: Biodegradation of propyzamide by Comamonas testosteroni W1 and cloning of the propyzamide hydrolase gene camH.
abstract: Propyzamide is a widely used benzamide herbicide for controlling weeds in lettuce, soybeans, cotton and other crops. An efficient propyzamide-degrading strain W1 was firstly isolated from activated sludge and identified as Comamonas testosteroni. A metabolite of propyzamide by strain W1 was firstly identified. The novel gene camH encoding a hydrolase that catalyzed the amide bond cleavage of propyzamide was cloned from strain W1. The gene contained an open reading frame of 1452 bp, the deduced amino acid sequence showed low identity with other amidases. The recombinant enzyme CamH was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 and purified. CamH displayed the highest activity at 30°C and pH 8.0 with propyzamide as the substrate. These results provide important knowledge on the fate of propyzamide in the biodegradation, and elucidate the biodegradation mechanism of propyzamide by the strain W1.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Baiping
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Xiude
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agriculture University, Nanchang 330045, China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Weiliang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Zhoukun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Zhongli
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, China. Electronic address: wangmha@njau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Minghua
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000581:Amidohydrolases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D001549:Benzamides / Q000378:metabolism*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental / Q000187:drug effects; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D020604:Comamonas testosteroni / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D004795:Enzyme Stability; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007477:Ions; D007700:Kinetics; D008670:Metals / Q000494:pharmacology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013379:Substrate Specificity / Q000187:drug effects; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D001549:Benzamides; D003470:Culture Media; D007477:Ions; D008670:Metals; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C001059:pronamide; D000581:Amidohydrolases
keywords: Biodegradation; Comamonas testosteroni W1; Propyzamide; camH