title: Quantitative Analysis of Diffusion-Weighted Imaging for Diagnosis of Puerperal Breast Abscess After Polyacrylamide Hydrogel Augmentation Mammoplasty: Compared with Other Conventional Modalities.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Puerperal breast abscess after polyacrylamide hydrogel (PAAG) augmentation mammoplasty can induce breast auto-inflation resulting in serious consequences. Mammography, ultrasound, and conventional MRI are poor at detecting related PAAG abnormality histologically. We evaluated the value of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the quantitative analysis of puerperal PAAG abscess after augmentation mammoplasty.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a retrospective study, and a waiver for informed consent was granted. Sixteen puerperal women with breast discomfort underwent conventional breast non-enhanced MRI and axial DWI using a 3T MR scanner. Qualitative analysis of the signal intensity on DWI and conventional sequences was performed. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of the affected and contralateral normal PAAG cysts were measured quantitatively. Paired t test was used to evaluate whether there was significant difference.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both affected and normal PAAG cysts showed equal signal intensity on conventional T1WI and fat saturation T2WI, which were not helpful in detecting puerperal PAAG abscess. However, the affected PAAG cysts had a significantly decreased ADC value of 1.477 ± 0.332 × 10(-3)mm(2)/s and showed obvious hypo-intensity on the ADC map and increased signal intensity on DWI compared with the ADC value of 2.775 ± 0.233 × 10(-3)mm(2)/s of the contralateral normal PAAG cysts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DWI and quantitative measurement of ADC values are of great value for the diagnosis of puerperal PAAG abscess. Standardized MRI should be suggested to these puerperal women with breast discomfort or just for the purpose of check up. DWI should be selected as the essential MRI sequence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, No.24, Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300192, China.
authors.forename: Lihua
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Miaomiao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Long
authors.forename: Junping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xihong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.forename: Zhandong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D000038:Abscess / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D000180:Acrylic Resins; D000328:Adult; D001941:Breast Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D018427:Breast Implants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016462:Mammaplasty / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011644:Puerperal Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; C016680:polyacrylamide gels