title: CT-guided brachytherapy as salvage therapy for intrahepatic recurrence of HCC after surgical resection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Prevalence of patients with unresectable recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after previous resection is rising. The purpose of this study was to determine survival of patients undergoing computed tomography-guided brachytherapy (CT-HDRBT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Altogether 19 patients with unresectable HCC recurrence were treated with CT-HDRBT at our Institution. Patients underwent single-fraction high-dose irradiation by an iridium-192 source after CT fluoroscopy-guided catheter placement. The median tumor-enclosing target dose was 20 Gy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median follow-up was 33 months. According to the Kaplan-Meier method, median overall survival after CT-HDRBT was 50 months, and median survival after first hepatic resection was 87 months. The median duration of local tumor control was 32 months and time to disease progression was 20 months. There were no serious complications after CT-HDRBT and no treatment-related deaths.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CT-HDRBT is a safe, potentially life prolonging technique in patients with recurrence of HCC who have few therapeutic options.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Charité Medical School, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, Berlin, Germany Department of Gastroenterolgy and Hepatology, Charité Medical School, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, Berlin, Germany Department of Haematology and Oncology, Charité Medical School, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, Berlin, Germany Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Charité Medical School, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, Berlin, Germany dirk.schnapauff@charite.de.
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schnapauff
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Charité Medical School, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, Berlin, Germany Department of Gastroenterolgy and Hepatology, Charité Medical School, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, Berlin, Germany Department of Haematology and Oncology, Charité Medical School, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, Berlin, Germany Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Charité Medical School, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Collettini
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Charité Medical School, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, Berlin, Germany Department of Gastroenterolgy and Hepatology, Charité Medical School, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, Berlin, Germany Department of Haematology and Oncology, Charité Medical School, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, Berlin, Germany Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Charité Medical School, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hartwig
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Charité Medical School, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, Berlin, Germany Department of Gastroenterolgy and Hepatology, Charité Medical School, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, Berlin, Germany Department of Haematology and Oncology, Charité Medical School, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, Berlin, Germany Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Charité Medical School, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Gero
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wieners
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Charité Medical School, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, Berlin, Germany Department of Gastroenterolgy and Hepatology, Charité Medical School, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, Berlin, Germany Department of Haematology and Oncology, Charité Medical School, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, Berlin, Germany Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Charité Medical School, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Sascha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chopra
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Charité Medical School, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, Berlin, Germany Department of Gastroenterolgy and Hepatology, Charité Medical School, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, Berlin, Germany Department of Haematology and Oncology, Charité Medical School, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, Berlin, Germany Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Charité Medical School, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hamm
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Charité Medical School, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, Berlin, Germany Department of Gastroenterolgy and Hepatology, Charité Medical School, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, Berlin, Germany Department of Haematology and Oncology, Charité Medical School, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, Berlin, Germany Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Charité Medical School, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gebauer
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001918:Brachytherapy; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D061089:Radiotherapy, Image-Guided; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma; brachytherapy; local ablation; recurrence