title: Differential transcriptome analysis between Populus and its synthesized allotriploids driven by second-division restitution.
abstract: In this report, we compared transcriptomic differences between a synthetic Populus section Tacamahaca triploid driven by second-division restitution and its parents using a high-throughput RNA-seq method. A total of 4,080 genes were differentially expressed between the high-growth vigor allotriploids (SDR-H) and their parents, and 719 genes were non-additively expressed in SDR-H. Differences in gene expression between the allotriploid and male parent were more significant than those between the allotriploid and female parent, which may be caused by maternal effects. We observed 3,559 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the SDR-H and male parent. Notably, the genes were mainly involved in metabolic process, cell proliferation, DNA methylation, cell division, and meristem and developmental growth. Among the 1,056 DEGs between SDR-H and female parent, many genes were associated with metabolic process and carbon utilization. In addition, 1,789 DEGs between high- and low-growth vigor allotriploid were mainly associated with metabolic process, auxin poplar transport, and regulation of meristem growth. Our results indicated that the higher poplar ploidy level can generate extensive transcriptomic diversity compared with its parents. Overall, these results increased our understanding of the driving force for phenotypic variation and adaptation in allopolyploids driven by second-division restitution.
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.|Key Laboratory for Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
authors.forename: Shiping
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.|Key Laboratory for Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.|Key Laboratory for Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.|Key Laboratory for Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.|Key Laboratory for Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
authors.forename: Yujing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suo
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.|Key Laboratory for Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
authors.forename: Pingdong
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.|Key Laboratory for Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.|Key Laboratory for Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
authors.forename: Xiangyang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Kang
mesh_terms: D001692:Biological Transport / Q000235:genetics; D053898:Biosynthetic Pathways / Q000235:genetics; D002455:Cell Division; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D019175:DNA Methylation / Q000235:genetics; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D063990:Gene Ontology; D017343:Genes, Plant; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D018519:Meristem / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D011123:Polyploidy; D032107:Populus / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000166:cytology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006657:Histones; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids; D014157:Transcription Factors
keywords: High-growth vigor; RNA-seq; poplar allotriploid; second-division restitution; transcriptome