title: Pro-inflammatory response and oxidative stress induced by specific components in ambient particulate matter in human bronchial epithelial cells.
abstract: Previous studies have shown that biological effect of particulate matter (PM2.5) is involved in including chemical composition and mass concentration, but the precise components and biological action on human bronchial epithelial cell line (BEAS-2B) are still unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro toxicity of PM2.5 collected at six urban sites in China, and to investigate how particle composition affects cytotoxicity. We used human bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cell lines as model in vitro to expose to PM2.5 from different source, and then reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase activity and total antioxidant capacity were analyzed. Furthermore, we estimated the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and transition metal and the endotoxin contents. The mRNA expression of IL-1β and IL-10 following exposure to PM2.5 was measured by QRT-PCR. We also observed the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) using JC-1 staining, and apoptosis of BEAS-2B using flow cytometry. In addition, double-stranded DNA breaks (DSBs) were assessed using γ-H2AX immunofluorescence. Our results show that high concentrations of PAHs and elemental Ni were strongly associated with high apoptosis rates and high expression of IL-1β, in addition, Fe element was associated with the ROS level, furthermore, Fe and Cr element were associated with DNA damage in BEAS-2B cells. The cytotoxic effects of urban PM2.5 derived from six different cities in China appear dependent on the specific components in each. Our results indicate that air quality standards based on PM2.5 components may be more relevant than concentration-response functions (CRF). © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 923-936, 2016.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524001, China.
authors.forename: Lawei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524001, China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524001, China.
authors.forename: Ziying
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524001, China.
authors.forename: Yahong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524001, China.
authors.forename: Huijuan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shanxi, China.
authors.forename: Tie
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, 240 E. Huron, McGaw M-330, Chicago, Illinois, 60611.
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Kamp
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002681:China; D002857:Chromium / Q000032:analysis; D002947:Cities; D004249:DNA Damage; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000032:analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007501:Iron / Q000032:analysis; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D004731:Endotoxins; C508609:IL10 protein, human; D007375:Interleukin-1; D052638:Particulate Matter; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D002857:Chromium; D016753:Interleukin-10; D007501:Iron
keywords: apoptosis; cytotoxicity; inflammatory cytokines; particulate matter 2.5; reactive oxygen species