title: Controversies on the position of the mandibular foramen - review of the literature.
abstract: Foramen of mandible is the most important point considering the Halsted anesthesia. Position of this foramen seems to be stable, however there are lots of controversies regarded to its position. Based on the current literature authors revised datas from literature considering the location of the mandibular foramen.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland. m.lipski@uj.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Marcin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lipski
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pelka
authors.affiliation: Department of Prostodonthics, Jagiellonian University Medical College,Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: Szymon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Majewski
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: Weronika
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lipska
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Surgery, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gladysz
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: Klaudia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Walocha
authors.affiliation: Department of Prostodonthics, Jagiellonian University Medical College,Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: Grazyna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wisniewska
mesh_terms: D000766:Anesthesia, Dental / Q000379:methods*; D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008334:Mandible / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008340:Mandibular Nerve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic; D019227:Tooth Apex / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
keywords: canal of Serres; mandible; mandibular canal; mandibular foramen