title: Differential effects between one week and four weeks exposure to same mass of SO2 on synaptic plasticity in rat hippocampus.
abstract: Sulfur dioxide (SO2 ) is a ubiquitous air pollutant. The previous studies have documented the adverse effects of SO2 on nervous system health, suggesting that acutely SO2 inhalation at high concentration may be associated with neurotoxicity and increase risk of hospitalization and mortality of many brain disorders. However, the remarkable features of air pollution exposure are lifelong duration and at low concentration; and it is rarely reported that whether there are different responses on synapse when rats inhaled same mass of SO2 at low concentration with a longer term. In this study, we evaluated the synaptic plasticity in rat hippocampus after exposure to same mass of SO2 at various concentrations and durations (3.5 and 7 mg/m(3) , 6 h/day, for 4 weeks; and 14 and 28 mg/m(3) , 6 h/day, for 1 week). The results showed that the mRNA level of synaptic plasticity marker Arc, glutamate receptors (GRIA1, GRIA2, GRIN1, GRIN2A, and GRIN2B) and the protein expression of memory related kinase p-CaMKпα were consistently inhibited by SO2 both in 1 week and 4 weeks exposure cases; the protein expression of presynaptic marker synaptophysin, postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95), protein kinase A (PKA), and protein kinase C (PKC) were increased in 1 week exposure case, and decreased in 4 weeks exposure case. Our results indicated that SO2 inhalation caused differential synaptic injury in 1 week and 4 weeks exposure cases, and implied the differential effects might result from different PKA- and/or PKC-mediated signal pathway. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 820-829, 2016.
authors.affiliation: College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Gaoyi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.affiliation: College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sang
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000187:drug effects*; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide / Q000633:toxicity*; D013569:Synapses / Q000187:drug effects*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2
keywords: glutamate receptors; hippocampus; sulfur dioxide; synaptic injury; synaptic plasticity