title: Hemorheologic effects of low intensity endurance training in type 2 diabetic patients: A pilot study.
abstract: We previously reported that low intensity endurance training in sedentary patients suffering from the metabolic syndrome improves blood rheology, mostly due to a decrease in plasma viscosity correlated with an increase in cardiorespiratory fitness. We investigated whether these findings can be extended to type-2 diabetics. 22 diabetics (11 women and 10 men, age: 52.00 ± 2.9 yr, BMI: 32.47 ± 1.17 kg/m(2)) were tested before and after 2 months. Eight of them were trained (2 to 3×45 min/wk) at the power intensity where lipid oxidation reaches a maximum (LIPOX max) and thirteen served as controls. Over this period the only significant hemorheological effect of training was a decrease in RBC aggregation "M" (-1.25 ± 0.357 p = 0.01) in the trained group. Subjects who lost weight exhibited a decrease in plasma viscosity (from 1.46 ± 0.013 to 1.38 ± 0.02 p <  0.01). Changes in waist circumference are associated with changes in hematocrit (r =-0.952 p = 0.01); plasma viscosity (r =-0.91; p = 0.03); RBC aggregation ("M" r = 0.940; p = 0.02). Subjects can also be divided into those who improved their aerobic capacity VO(2max) and those whose VO(2max) decreased or remained unchanged. An increase in VO(2max) is associated with a decrease in whole blood viscosity (r =-0.79 p = 0.06) explained by an improvement in RBC rigidity "Tk" (r =-0.963 p = 0.002). This study suggests that in Type 2 diabetic patients: (a) viscosity factors might be less responsive to training than in non diabetic individuals; (b) visceral fat loss is the main determinant of changes in hematocrit, plasma viscosity and RBC aggregation;
authors.affiliation: INSERM U1046, Physiopathologie & Médecine Expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles, Equipe d'Explorations Métaboliques (CERAMM), Université Montpellier 1, Université Montpellier 2, Département de Physiologie Clinique, Hôpital Lapeyronie CHU Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Frédéric
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Brun
authors.affiliation: Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM) UMR CNRS 5247, Université Montpellier 1, Université Montpellier 2, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, France.|Laboratoire de Biophysique & Bio-Analyses, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Montpellier 1, France.
authors.forename: Emmanuelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Varlet-Marie
authors.affiliation: INSERM U1046, Physiopathologie & Médecine Expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles, Equipe d'Explorations Métaboliques (CERAMM), Université Montpellier 1, Université Montpellier 2, Département de Physiologie Clinique, Hôpital Lapeyronie CHU Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Raynaud de Mauverger
authors.affiliation: INSERM U1046, Physiopathologie & Médecine Expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles, Equipe d'Explorations Métaboliques (CERAMM), Université Montpellier 1, Université Montpellier 2, Département de Physiologie Clinique, Hôpital Lapeyronie CHU Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fedou
authors.affiliation: INSERM U1046, Physiopathologie & Médecine Expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles, Equipe d'Explorations Métaboliques (CERAMM), Université Montpellier 1, Université Montpellier 2, Département de Physiologie Clinique, Hôpital Lapeyronie CHU Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Marion
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pollatz
mesh_terms: D001809:Blood Viscosity / Q000502:physiology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D004903:Erythrocyte Aggregation; D004907:Erythrocyte Deformability; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D018056:Hemorheology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects
keywords: Diabetes; exercise training; hemorheology; plasma viscosity