title: The role of tumour budding in predicting survival in patients with primary operable colorectal cancer: a systematic review.
abstract: Tumour budding reflects a detachment of tumour cells at the invasive front of carcinomas and is presumed to be an early step in the metastatic process. Tumour budding has received some attention in colorectal cancer as it has been proposed as an additional prognostic factor in colorectal cancer that may stratify patients into risk categories. The purpose of the review was to examine (1): The different methods of detection using either routine stains (H&E) or immunohistochemistry; (2): to compare studies that examined the different methods used to identify tumour budding; and (3) to examine the impact of tumour budding on survival in primary operable colorectal cancer. Results from the present review suggest that tumour budding can be considered a promising and strong prognostic factor in colorectal cancer. However, the implementation of the assessment of tumour budding in routine pathological work will depend on a selected, internationally accepted scoring system and validation against other established prognostic factors in patients with colorectal cancer.
authors.affiliation: Academic Unit of Surgery, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life of Sciences-University of Glasgow, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK. Electronic address: h.van-wyk.1@research.gla.ac.uk.
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: van Wyk
authors.affiliation: Academic Unit of Surgery, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life of Sciences-University of Glasgow, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Academic Unit of Surgery, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life of Sciences-University of Glasgow, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK.
authors.forename: Campbell
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Roxburgh
authors.affiliation: Academic Unit of Surgery, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life of Sciences-University of Glasgow, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Horgan
authors.affiliation: University Department of Pathology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life of Sciences-University of Glasgow, Southern General Hospital, Glasgow, UK.
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Foulis
authors.affiliation: Academic Unit of Surgery, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life of Sciences-University of Glasgow, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK.
authors.forename: Donald C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: McMillan
mesh_terms: D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D016019:Survival Analysis
keywords: Colorectal cancer; Prognosis; Survival; Tumour budding