title: Gut microbiota-derived short-chain Fatty acids, T cells, and inflammation.
abstract: T cells are central players in the regulation of adaptive immunity and immune tolerance. In the periphery, T cell differentiation for maturation and effector function is regulated by a number of factors. Various factors such as antigens, co-stimulation signals, and cytokines regulate T cell differentiation into functionally specialized effector and regulatory T cells. Other factors such as nutrients, micronutrients, nuclear hormones and microbial products provide important environmental cues for T cell differentiation. A mounting body of evidence indicates that the microbial metabolites short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) have profound effects on T cells and directly and indirectly regulate their differentiation. We review the current status of our understanding of SCFA functions in regulation of peripheral T cell activity and discuss their impact on tissue inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunology and Hematopoiesis, Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue Veterinary Medicine; Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering; Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
authors.forename: Chang H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunology and Hematopoiesis, Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue Veterinary Medicine; Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering; Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
authors.forename: Jeongho
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunology and Hematopoiesis, Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue Veterinary Medicine; Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering; Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
authors.forename: Myunghoo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kim
keywords: Colitis; FoxP3; IL-10; Inflammation; Microbial metabolites; Microbiota; Short-chain fatty acids; Th1; Th17