title: Pim-1 acts as an oncogene in human salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pim-1 (Provirus integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus 1) belongs to the Ser/Thr kinase family and plays a pivotal role in occurrence and development of oncogenesis. Recent studies have demonstrated that Pim-1 phosphorylates RUNX3 and alters its subcellular localization. However, few studies have concerned the implications of Pim-1 in the salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC). In this study, we aimed to clarify the function of Pim-1 in ACC in vitro. Meanwhile, we measured the levels of Pim-1 and RUNX3 in the ACC tissues. The correlations between Pim-1/RUNX3 levels and clinical parameters were also analyzed.
  
  
  METHODS
  SACC-83 and SACC-LM cells were transfected with the Pim-1 siRNA. Pim-1 mRNA and protein expression were measured using real-time PCR and immnuoblot, respectively. Cell proliferation was analyzed by CCK-8 assay. Cell cycle, apoptosis, and mitochondrial membrane potential were detected by flow cytometry. Effects of Pim-1 on cells' invasion were evaluated by transwell migration assay. Pim-1 and RUNX3 levels in ACC tissues were examined by immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pim-1 siRNA reduces cell proliferation, induces apoptosis, causes cell cycle arrest through cell cycle related proteins (Cyclin D1 and CDK4), mitochondrial depolarization, and decreases invasive ability in SACC-83 and SACC-LM cells. Pim-1 and RUNX3 levels are significantly relevant and associated with T-stage and nerve invasion in the ACC tissues.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates the oncogenic role of Pim-1 in ACC. The findings also suggest that Pim-1 may serve as a neoteric therapeutic target and potential prognostic marker for ACC cancer.
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Cancer Research Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 310022, Hangzhou, China. xin-zx@163.com.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 310022, Hangzhou, China. 03kqyxxjj@163.com.
authors.forename: Jia-jie
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 310022, Hangzhou, China. p.sissi@163.com.
authors.forename: Si-si
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Cancer Research Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 310022, Hangzhou, China. fengjg@zjcc.org.cn.
authors.forename: Jian-guo
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 310022, Hangzhou, China. jiangliehao@126.com.
authors.forename: Lie-hao
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 310022, Hangzhou, China. show-1989@163.com.
authors.forename: Xiu-xiu
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 310022, Hangzhou, China. caojunisbest@163.com.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Cancer Research Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 310022, Hangzhou, China. hjmengxiangzhilv@126.com.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Cancer Research Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 310022, Hangzhou, China. lingzq@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Zhi-qiang
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Ling
authors.affiliation: Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 310022, Hangzhou, China. gemingh@163.com.
authors.forename: Ming-hua
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Ge
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics; D003528:Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic / Q000235:genetics*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000235:genetics; D050677:Core Binding Factor Alpha 3 Subunit / Q000235:genetics; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000235:genetics; D051358:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D009857:Oncogenes; D051573:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-pim-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D034622:RNA Interference; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics; D012468:Salivary Gland Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C530104:CCND1 protein, human; D050677:Core Binding Factor Alpha 3 Subunit; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; C493729:Runx3 protein, human; D019938:Cyclin D1; C496634:PIM1 protein, human; D051573:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-pim-1; D051358:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4