title: Olive oil and vitamin D synergistically prevent bone loss in mice.
abstract: As the Mediterranean diet (and particularly olive oil) has been associated with bone health, we investigated the impact of extra virgin oil as a source of polyphenols on bone metabolism. In that purpose sham-operated (SH) or ovariectomized (OVX) mice were subjected to refined or virgin olive oil. Two supplementary OVX groups were given either refined or virgin olive oil fortified with vitamin D3, to assess the possible synergistic effects with another liposoluble nutrient. After 30 days of exposure, bone mineral density and gene expression were evaluated. Consistent with previous data, ovariectomy was associated with increased bone turnover and led to impaired bone mass and micro-architecture. The expression of oxidative stress markers were enhanced as well. Virgin olive oil fortified with vitamin D3 prevented such changes in terms of both bone remodeling and bone mineral density. The expression of inflammation and oxidative stress mRNA was also lower in this group. Overall, our data suggest a protective impact of virgin olive oil as a source of polyphenols in addition to vitamin D3 on bone metabolism through improvement of oxidative stress and inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1019, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine (CRNH) Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Lesieur, 29 quai Aulagnier, 92665 Asnières-sur-Seine cedex, France.
authors.forename: Camille
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tagliaferri
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1019, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine (CRNH) Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Marie-Jeanne
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Davicco
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1019, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine (CRNH) Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Patrice
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lebecque
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Department, Centre Technique de Conservation des Produits Agricoles (CTCPA), Site Agroparc, 84911 Avignon Cedex 9, France.
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Georgé
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1260, Marseille, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR 1260, "Nutrition, Obésité et Risque Thrombotique", Marseille, France; Université d'Aix-Marseille, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Marie-Jo
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Amiot
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1019, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine (CRNH) Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mercier
authors.affiliation: Lesieur, 29 quai Aulagnier, 92665 Asnières-sur-Seine cedex, France.
authors.forename: Amélie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dhaussy
authors.affiliation: Lesieur, 29 quai Aulagnier, 92665 Asnières-sur-Seine cedex, France.
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Huertas
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1019, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine (CRNH) Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Walrand
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1019, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine (CRNH) Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Yohann
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wittrant
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1019, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine (CRNH) Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Coxam
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects; D018488:Bone Demineralization, Pathologic / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects*; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D038441:Diet, Mediterranean; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004967:Estrogens / Q000172:deficiency; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010052:Ovariectomy; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000378:metabolism; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D004967:Estrogens; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D059808:Polyphenols; D014807:Vitamin D