title: Simultaneous determination of 11 β-agonists in human urine using high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry with isotope dilution.
abstract: The misuse of β-agonists constitutes a potential risk to public health and has been forbidden in many countries. In this study, we describe a method for specific, sensitive and rapid detection of β-agonists in human urine. Urine samples were extracted with ethyl acetate, without any additional purification step, and analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS-MS) with Clenbuterol-D9 and Salbuterol-D3 as internal standards. The intra- and interday precision values of the method were all <5.60% and the accuracy ranged from 94.5 to 109%. Extraction recovery for 11 β-agonists varied from 66.7 to 108%. One UPLC-MS-MS analysis could be completed within 12 min and the limits of detection for 11 β-agonists were 0.1 ng/mL in the experiment. β-Agonists in human urines from 24 volunteers were analyzed by our validated method and 1.70 ng/mL salbutamol was detected in one volunteer. The application of UPLC-MS-MS method in β-agonists detection of human urine will be helpful in veterinary control of β-agonists and for studying the effect of β-agonists on human health.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Analysis and Test Center, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250014, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Shandong Rice Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250010, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Analysis and Test Center, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250014, China.
authors.forename: Shanshan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Analysis and Test Center, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250014, China.
authors.forename: Jinpeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Analysis and Test Center, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250014, China zhaors1976@126.com.
authors.forename: Rusong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000652:urine*; D000818:Animals; D002138:Calibration; D002417:Cattle; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000592:standards; D053593:Forensic Toxicology / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D007201:Indicator Dilution Techniques / Q000592:standards; D057230:Limit of Detection; D063487:Prescription Drug Misuse; D012015:Reference Standards; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000652:urine*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000592:standards; D019155:Veterinary Drugs / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D019155:Veterinary Drugs