title: Molecular basis for SMC rod formation and its dissolution upon DNA binding.
abstract: SMC condensin complexes are central modulators of chromosome superstructure in all branches of life. Their SMC subunits form a long intramolecular coiled coil, which connects a constitutive "hinge" dimerization domain with an ATP-regulated "head" dimerization module. Here, we address the structural arrangement of the long coiled coils in SMC complexes. We unequivocally show that prokaryotic Smc-ScpAB, eukaryotic condensin, and possibly also cohesin form rod-like structures, with their coiled coils being closely juxtaposed and accurately anchored to the hinge. Upon ATP-induced binding of DNA to the hinge, however, Smc switches to a more open configuration. Our data suggest that a long-distance structural transition is transmitted from the Smc head domains to regulate Smc-ScpAB's association with DNA. These findings uncover a conserved architectural theme in SMC complexes, provide a mechanistic basis for Smc's dynamic engagement with chromosomes, and offer a molecular explanation for defects in Cornelia de Lange syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the Biocentury, Cancer Metastasis Control Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Soh
authors.affiliation: Chromosome Organisation and Dynamics, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bürmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the Biocentury, Cancer Metastasis Control Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Ho-Chul
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oda
authors.affiliation: Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Kyungbuk, 790-784, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyeong Sik
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Chromosome Organisation and Dynamics, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany.
authors.forename: Christopher P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Toseland
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Kyungbuk 790-784, Korea.
authors.forename: Cheolhee
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the Biocentury, Cancer Metastasis Control Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Hansol
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Soo Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the Biocentury, Cancer Metastasis Control Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Min-Seok
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.affiliation: Chromosome Organisation and Dynamics, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany.
authors.forename: Marie-Laure
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Durand-Diebold
authors.affiliation: Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Kyungbuk, 790-784, Korea.
authors.forename: Yeon-Gil
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Ho Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Kyungbuk 790-784, Korea.
authors.forename: Nam Ki
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan.
authors.forename: Mamoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the Biocentury, Cancer Metastasis Control Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-701, Korea. Electronic address: bhoh@kaist.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Byung-Ha
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Chromosome Organisation and Dynamics, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany. Electronic address: sgruber@biochem.mpg.de.
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gruber
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011485:Protein Binding; D054730:Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs; D055503:Protein Multimerization; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D020027:Pyrococcus furiosus
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; C118650:SMC protein, Bacteria