title: Normal esophageal pressure topography metrics for data derived from the Sandhill-Unisensor high-resolution manometry assembly in supine and sitting positions.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Normal values of the esophageal motor function parameters for high-resolution manometry (HRM-EPT) adopted by the Chicago classification were established using the proprietary system of Given Imaging. It is conceivable that normal values of a system do not apply to data from others. Most studies using HRM were based on supine swallows, whereas deglutition occurs mostly in the upright position. We wished to establish normal values for HRM-EPT parameters obtained with the Sandhill's HRM-EPT system and compare the results in supine and sitting positions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-nine healthy volunteers, 38 females, median age 27 years, were included in this study. All underwent supine HRM, and 34 of them underwent sitting HRM, with at least 10 single 5-mL swallows for analysis obtained in each position.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The normal range (5-95th percentiles) for the following parameters was calculated: distal contractile integral (DCI), 606-4998 mmHg·s·cm; contractile front velocity (CFV), 2.0-6.5 cm/s; distal latency (DL), 5.1-8.8 s; intrabolus pressure (IBP), 1.9-17.6 mmHg; upper esophageal sphincter (UES) pressure, 45.2-186.9 mmHg; esophagogastric junction (EGJ) length, 1.8-4 cm; EGJ resting pressure, 8.1-61.6 mmHg, and integrated relaxation pressure (IRP) 2.5-23.5 mmHg. Normal values of EGJ resting pressure, IRP, DCI, and IBP but not CFV, DL, and UES resting pressure were significantly lower in the sitting posture.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Studies performed with Sandhill's HRM-EPT system should use its own specific normal data. Normal values should be established for different study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: do Carmo
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jafari
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sifrim
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003679:Deglutition; D004947:Esophagus / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008365:Manometry / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010528:Peristalsis; D011187:Posture; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: esophagus; high-resolution manometry; normal values; position