title: Biofeedback relaxation for pain associated with continuous passive motion in Taiwanese patients after total knee arthroplasty.
abstract: Effective pain management is crucial for patient recovery after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Biofeedback therapy, which encourages relaxation and helps alleviate various conditions associated with stress, may help to decrease postoperative pain in patients undergoing TKA. A quasi- experimental design was used to investigate the efficacy of a biofeedback relaxation intervention in reducing pain associated with postoperative continuous passive motion (CPM) therapy. Sixty-six patients admitted to a general hospital in Taiwan for TKA were recruited and randomly assigned to the intervention or control group. The intervention group received biofeedback training twice daily for 5 days, concurrent with CPM therapy, whereas the control group did not receive the biofeedback intervention. Pain was measured using a numeric rating scale before and after each CPM therapy session on postoperative days 1 through 5. The CPM-elicited pain score was calculated by subtracting the pre-CPM pain score from the post-CPM pain score. Results of repeated-measures analysis of variance showed intervention group reported significantly less pain caused by CPM than did the control group (f = 29.70, p < 0.001). The study results provide preliminary support for biofeedback relaxation, a non-invasive and non-pharmacological intervention, as a complementary treatment option for pain management in this population.
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Science, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Tsae-Jyy
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ching-Fen
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Meei-Fang
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.forename: Man-Kuan
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Ao
authors.forename: Chiung-Chen
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Shu-Yuan
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Shu-Fang Vivienne
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Heng-Hsing
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Tung
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee; D001676:Biofeedback, Psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015915:Motion Therapy, Continuous Passive / Q000009:adverse effects*; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000601:surgery; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D012064:Relaxation Therapy; D013624:Taiwan; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: biofeedback; continuous passive motion; osteoarthritis; postoperative pain; progressive muscle relaxation training; total knee replacement