title: Cross-talk between the inflammatory response, sympathetic activation and pulmonary infection in the ischemic stroke.
abstract: The immune system response and inflammation play a key role in brain injury during and after a stroke. The acute immune response is responsible for secondary brain tissue damage immediately after the stroke, followed by immunosuppression due to sympathetic nervous system activation. The latter increases risk of infection complications, such as pneumonia. The pneumonia-related inflammatory state can release a bystander autoimmune response against central nervous system antigens, thereby initiating a vicious circle. The aim of this review is to summarize the relationship between ischemic stroke, sympathetic nervous system activation and pulmonary infection.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Human Physiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Tuwima Street 15, 80-210, Gdansk, Poland. pawelwinklewski@wp.pl.
authors.forename: Pawel J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Winklewski
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunopathology of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland. marek.radkowski@wum.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Radkowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland. urszula.demkow@litewska.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Urszula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Demkow
mesh_terms: D055371:Acute Lung Injury / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D020521:Stroke / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism