title: MicroRNA and messenger RNA profiling reveals new biomarkers and mechanisms for RDX induced neurotoxicity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  RDX is a well-known pollutant to induce neurotoxicity. MicroRNAs (miRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) profiles are useful tools for toxicogenomics studies. It is worthy to integrate MiRNA and mRNA expression data to understand RDX-induced neurotoxicity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Rats were treated with or without RDX for 48 h. Both miRNA and mRNA profiles were conducted using brain tissues. Nine miRNAs were significantly regulated by RDX. Of these, 6 and 3 miRNAs were up- and down-regulated respectively. The putative target genes of RDX-regulated miRNAs were highly nervous system function genes and pathways enriched. Fifteen differentially genes altered by RDX from mRNA profiles were the putative targets of regulated miRNAs. The induction of miR-71, miR-27ab, miR-98, and miR-135a expression by RDX, could reduce the expression of the genes POLE4, C5ORF13, SULF1 and ROCK2, and eventually induce neurotoxicity. Over-expression of miR-27ab, or reduction of the expression of unknown miRNAs by RDX, could up-regulate HMGCR expression and contribute to neurotoxicity. RDX regulated immune and inflammation response miRNAs and genes could contribute to RDX- induced neurotoxicity and other toxicities as well as animal defending reaction response to RDX exposure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results demonstrate that integrating miRNA and mRNA profiles is valuable to indentify novel biomarkers and molecular mechanisms for RDX-induced neurological disorder and neurotoxicity.
authors.forename: Youping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Junmei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ai
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.forename: Zhaohui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Daqin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Chang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Mitch S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Wilbanks
authors.forename: Barbara Lynn
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Escalon
authors.forename: Sharon A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Meyers
authors.forename: Mary Qu
authors.initials: MQ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Edward J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Perkins
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D019295:Computational Biology; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D007249:Inflammation / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000378:metabolism*; D020258:Neurotoxicity Syndromes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014227:Triazines / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D035683:MicroRNAs; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014227:Triazines; C009160:cyclonite