title: Mass balance of dioxins over a cement kiln in China.
abstract: The cement production process may be a potential source of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs, "dioxins"), due to the widespread distribution of dioxins and potential precursors in raw materials and to conditions favorable to de novo formation in the heat exchangers. The emission, gas/particle distribution, and mass balance of PCDD/Fs were investigated at a typical state-of-the-art Chinese cement kiln. Input and output inventories were established for three campaigns, including two in normal operation and one while co-processing refuse derived fuel (RDF). Sample analysis from stack gas, cement kiln dust, raw meal, fly dust and clinker for the analysis of PCDD/Fs were reported in this study. Dioxins were also analyzed at various positions in the pre-heater, presenting an adsorption-desorption circulation process of PCDD/Fs. The over-all dioxin mass balance was negative, indicating that this cement kiln is not a source but a sink process of dioxins.
authors.affiliation: Huaxin Environment Engineering Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Yeqing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China. Electronic address: chentong@zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Huaxin Environment Engineering Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Weijie
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Institute of Energy & Power Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Mi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Huaxin Environment Engineering Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Huanzhong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Xiaodong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D003252:Construction Materials / Q000032:analysis*; D004147:Dioxins / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D004147:Dioxins; D004785:Environmental Pollutants
keywords: Cement kiln; Mass balance; PCDD/Fs; Pre-heater