title: Quorum sensing and biofilm formation in mycobacteria: role of c-di-GMP and methods to study this second messenger.
abstract: Bacteria have evolved to survive the ever-changing environment using intriguing mechanisms of quorum sensing (QS). Very often, QS facilitates formation of biofilm to help bacteria to persist longer and the formation of such biofilms is regulated by c-di-GMP. It is a well-known second messenger also found in mycobacteria. Several methods have been developed to study c-di-GMP signaling pathways in a variety of bacteria. In this review, we have attempted to highlight a connection between c-di-GMP and biofilm formation and QS in mycobacteria and several methods that have helped in better understanding of c-di-GMP signaling.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Indra Mani
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Anushya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Petchiappan
authors.forename: Dipankar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chatterji
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development*; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D009161:Mycobacterium / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D053038:Quorum Sensing; D015290:Second Messenger Systems / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; C062025:bis(3',5')-cyclic diguanylic acid; D006152:Cyclic GMP
keywords: microbial genetics; signal transduction; substrate and inhibitor recognition enzyme inhibitors as drugs; tuberculosis