title: Effects of logging and recruitment on community phylogenetic structure in 32 permanent forest plots of Kampong Thom, Cambodia.
abstract: Ecological communities including tropical rainforest are rapidly changing under various disturbances caused by increasing human activities. Recently in Cambodia, illegal logging and clear-felling for agriculture have been increasing. Here, we study the effects of logging, mortality and recruitment of plot trees on phylogenetic community structure in 32 plots in Kampong Thom, Cambodia. Each plot was 0.25 ha; 28 plots were established in primary evergreen forests and four were established in secondary dry deciduous forests. Measurements were made in 1998, 2000, 2004 and 2010, and logging, recruitment and mortality of each tree were recorded. We estimated phylogeny using rbcL and matK gene sequences and quantified phylogenetic α and β diversity. Within communities, logging decreased phylogenetic diversity, and increased overall phylogenetic clustering and terminal phylogenetic evenness. Between communities, logging increased phylogenetic similarity between evergreen and deciduous plots. On the other hand, recruitment had opposite effects both within and between communities. The observed patterns can be explained by environmental homogenization under logging. Logging is biased to particular species and larger diameter at breast height, and forest patrol has been effective in decreasing logging.
authors.affiliation: Center for Asian Conservation Ecology, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan htohyscb@kyushu-u.org.
authors.forename: Hironori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Toyama
authors.affiliation: Center for Asian Conservation Ecology, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kajisa
authors.affiliation: Center for Asian Conservation Ecology, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.
authors.forename: Shuichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tagane
authors.affiliation: Center for Asian Conservation Ecology, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mase
authors.affiliation: Institute of Forest and Wildlife Research and Development, Forestry Administration, 40 Preah Norodom Blvd, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
authors.forename: Phourin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Forestry Management and Community Forestry, Forestry Administration, Ministry of Agriculture Forestry and Fisheries, 40 Preah Norodom Blvd, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
authors.forename: Vanna
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Samreth
authors.affiliation: Institute of Forest and Wildlife Research and Development, Forestry Administration, 40 Preah Norodom Blvd, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
authors.forename: Vuthy
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Institute of Forest and Wildlife Research and Development, Forestry Administration, 40 Preah Norodom Blvd, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
authors.forename: Heng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sokh
authors.affiliation: Center for Asian Conservation Ecology, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryuji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ichihashi
authors.affiliation: Division of Environmental Science and Technology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Oiwake, Kitashirakawa, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Onoda
authors.affiliation: Center for Asian Conservation Ecology, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mizoue
authors.affiliation: Center for Asian Conservation Ecology, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsukazu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yahara
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D044822:Biodiversity; D058448:Biota; D002160:Cambodia; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003198:Computer Simulation; D016468:Forestry / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D065928:Forests; D006801:Humans; D008957:Models, Genetic; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D011157:Population Dynamics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013045:Species Specificity; D014197:Trees / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development*; D014329:Tropical Climate
keywords: Cambodia; community phylogenetics; logging; phylogenetic α diversity; phylogenetic β diversity; recruitment