title: Two-photon excitation fluorescence microscopy and its application in functional connectomics.
abstract: Two-photon excitation fluorescence microscopy has become widely used in various life science fields in this decade. In the field of neuroscience in particular, in vivo two-photon microscopy has provided vital information on neural activity and brain function. In the current era of connectomics, visualization of the morphology and activity of numerous neurons in ever larger regions of the living brain are required within short periods. Based on this viewpoint, we discuss the fundamentals, advantages and potential of two-photon excitation fluorescence microscopy for the investigation of neural circuit functions.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biophysics, Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 20 Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan tn@es.hokudai.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Tomomi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nemoto
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biophysics, Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 20 Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryosuke
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kawakami
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biophysics, Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 20 Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan.
authors.forename: Terumasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hibi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biophysics, Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 20 Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan.
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iijima
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biophysics, Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 20 Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan.
authors.forename: Kohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Otomo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D063132:Connectome / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D051379:Mice; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*; D036641:Microscopy, Fluorescence, Multiphoton / Q000379:methods*; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology
keywords: in vivo imaging; neuronal activity; non-linear optics; ultrashort pulse laser