title: [Occupational risks in grocery stores].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This work provides an overview of the spectrum of possible occupational risk factors in the retail grocery store/supermarket workplace.
  
  
  METHODS
  Literature on this theme, obtained consulting PubMed database and Google Scholar, was checked. We also exjlore results from the National bInstitute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). RESULTs: Contacts with objects, use of dangerous equipment (cutter, food slicer) and falls to the same level (slips, trips and falls) are the mainly described workplace hazards. Exposure to chemical (flour dust, components of detergents or disinfectants, volatile organic compounds and contact with nickel) and physical agents (cold exposure, nonionizing radiation and whole bpdy vibration) are reported by many authors. Relations between biomechanical and ergonomic risk factors and musculoskeletal disorders represent the main subjects of study. Few studies are found about biological agents (particularly among butchers). Data regarding psychosocial risks factors in this setting are still limited.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Musculoskeletal disorders continue to be the most recurrent health problem between the grocery store workers (particularly low back pain and carpal tunnel syndrome among cashiers). Many technical documents and international Srecommendations are present to prevent these kinds of disorders. Psychosocial risk factors and risk of workplace violence should deserve further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Italy. francesca.graziosi@unibo.it
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Graziosi
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bonfiglioli
authors.forename: Francesco S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Violante
mesh_terms: D000062:Accidents, Occupational / Q000517:prevention & control; D003080:Cold Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects; D003132:Commerce; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields / Q000009:adverse effects; D004869:Equipment Safety; D005523:Food Supply; D015386:Hazardous Substances; D006801:Humans; D017770:Lifting / Q000009:adverse effects; D009676:Noxae; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D016272:Occupational Health; D060051:Occupational Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D012307:Risk Factors; D017751:Safety Management; D014732:Vibration / Q000009:adverse effects; D017132:Workplace
chemical_list: D015386:Hazardous Substances; D009676:Noxae