title: Akap12 is essential for the morphogenesis of muscles involved in zebrafish locomotion.
abstract: Swimming behavior in fish is driven by coordinated contractions of muscle fibers. In zebrafish, slow muscle cell migration is crucial for the formation of the muscle network; slow myoblasts, which arise from medial adaxial cells, migrate radially to the lateral surface of the trunk and tail during embryogenesis. This study found that the zebrafish A-kinase anchoring protein (akap)12 isoforms akap12α and akap12β are required for muscle morphogenesis and locomotor activity. Embryos deficient in akap12 exhibited reduced spontaneous coiling, touch response, and free swimming. Akap12-depleted slow but not fast muscle cells were misaligned, suggesting that the behavioral abnormalities resulted from specific defects in slow muscle patterning; indeed, slow muscle cells and muscle pioneers in these embryos showed abnormal migration in a cell-autonomous manner. Taken together, these results suggest that akap12 plays a critical role in the development of zebrafish locomotion by regulating the normal morphogenesis of muscles.
authors.affiliation: SNU-Harvard NeuroVascular Protection Research Center, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun-Ho
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Science, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong-gyun
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: SNU-Harvard NeuroVascular Protection Research Center, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
authors.forename: Jinkyung
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Science, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
authors.forename: Song-Yi
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: SNU-Harvard NeuroVascular Protection Research Center, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea; Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Science, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea. Electronic address: qwonkim@snu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Kyu-Won
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D054758:A Kinase Anchor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D009024:Morphogenesis; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism*; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013550:Swimming; D015027:Zebrafish; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D054758:A Kinase Anchor Proteins; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins
keywords: Development; Locomotion; Morphogenesis; Muscle; akap12