title: Toxicity of fungal-generated silver nanoparticles to soil-inhabiting Pseudomonas putida KT2440, a rhizospheric bacterium responsible for plant protection and bioremediation.
abstract: Silver nanoparticles have attracted considerable attention due to their beneficial properties. But toxicity issues associated with them are also rising. The reports in the past suggested health hazards of silver nanoparticles at the cellular, molecular, or whole organismal level in eukaryotes. Whereas, there is also need to examine the exposure effects of silver nanoparticle to the microbes, which are beneficial to humans as well as environment. The available literature suggests the harmful effects of physically and chemically synthesised silver nanoparticles. The toxicity of biogenically synthesized nanoparticles has been less studied than physically and chemically synthesised nanoparticles. Hence, there is a greater need to study the toxic effects of biologically synthesised silver nanoparticles in general and mycosynthesized nanoparticles in particular. In the present study, attempts have been made to assess the risk associated with the exposure of mycosynthesized silver nanoparticles on a beneficial soil microbe Pseudomonas putida. KT2440. The study demonstrates mycosynthesis of silver nanoparticles and their characterisation by UV-vis spectrophotometry, FTIR, X-ray diffraction, nanosight LM20--a particle size distribution analyzer and TEM. Silver nanoparticles obtained herein were found to exert the hazardous effect at the concentration of 0.4 μg/ml, which warrants further detailed investigations concerning toxicity.
authors.affiliation: Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, S.G.B. Amravati University, Amravati 444602, Maharashtra, India; Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Nipat Niranjan Nagar, Caves Road, Aurangabad 431004, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Indarchand R
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84321, USA.
authors.forename: Anne J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.affiliation: Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, S.G.B. Amravati University, Amravati 444602, Maharashtra, India; Laboratório de Química Biológica, Instituto de Química, UNICAMP, Cidade Universitária "Zefferino Vaz" Barão Geraldo, CEP 13083-970, Caixa Postal 6150, Campinas, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: mahendrarai@sgbau.ac.in.
authors.forename: Mahendra
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rai
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000187:drug effects; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D005670:Fusarium / Q000187:drug effects; D007477:Ions; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D049329:Nanostructures; D036103:Nanotechnology; D010316:Particle Size; D016958:Pseudomonas putida / Q000187:drug effects*; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry*; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D007477:Ions; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D012834:Silver
keywords: Mycosynthesis; Pseudomonas putida biosensor; Silver nanoparticles; Toxicity