title: Prostate cancer trends in Latvia during 1990-2012: incidence, prevalence, mortality, and survival rates.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common form of cancer in males worldwide. One of the highest PCa-related mortality rates in the world is observed in Latvia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Our study included male patients diagnosed with PCa between 1990 and 2012. We analyzed incidence, prevalence and mortality trends using joinpoint analysis. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed for 5-, 10-, 15- and 20-year overall survival and cancer-specific survival rates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 14,083PCa patients with a mean age of initial PCa diagnosis being 70.1 (SD 8.6) was registered. The standardized incidence rates (per 100,000) increased from 18.9 in 1990 to 74.7 in 2012, while the standardized prevalence rates (per 100,000) increased from 69.9 in 1990 to 437.6 in 2012. Standardized PCa mortality rates (per 100,000) also rose from 13.2 in 1990 to 27.2 in 2006 followed by statistically insignificant decrease continuing up to 2012. The mean 5-year cancer-specific survival rates increased from 43.6% in 1990 to 70.7% in 2007, and the mean 10-year cancer-specific survival rates from 32.9% in 1990 to 40.5% in 2001.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study revealed that the incidence, prevalence and mortality rates increased between 1990 and 2012, and although the 5- and 10-year overall and cancer-specific survival rates improved over the reviewed period they still needed to get better.
authors.affiliation: Center of Urology, Pauls Stradins University Hospital, Riga, Latvia.
authors.forename: Juris
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Plonis
authors.affiliation: Center of Urology, Pauls Stradins University Hospital, Riga, Latvia. Electronic address: bokumsk@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Kristaps
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bokums
authors.affiliation: Medical Faculty, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia.
authors.forename: Vinita
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cauce
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oncology, Pauls Stradins University Hospital, Riga, Latvia.
authors.forename: Edvins
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Miklasevics
authors.affiliation: Center of Urology, Pauls Stradins University Hospital, Riga, Latvia.
authors.forename: Peteris
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vaganovs
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oncology, Pauls Stradins University Hospital, Riga, Latvia.
authors.forename: Arvids
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Irmejs
authors.affiliation: Center of Urology, Pauls Stradins University Hospital, Riga, Latvia; Institute of Oncology, Pauls Stradins University Hospital, Riga, Latvia.
authors.forename: Janis
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gardovskis
authors.affiliation: Center of Urology, Pauls Stradins University Hospital, Riga, Latvia; Institute of Oncology, Pauls Stradins University Hospital, Riga, Latvia.
authors.forename: Egils
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vjaters
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D007844:Latvia / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D015996:Survival Rate
keywords: Epidemiology; Prostate cancer; Prostate cancer treatment; Survival rates