title: Aseptic meningitis outbreak associated with echovirus 30 among high school football players--Los Angeles County, California, 2014.
abstract: On August 4, 2014, the Acute Communicable Disease Control Program of the Los Angeles County Department of Public Health received a report of three aseptic meningitis cases among football players at a county high school. An investigation was conducted to determine the extent of the outbreak, identify potential exposures, and recommend control measures. An outbreak-associated aseptic meningitis case was defined as an illness of any team or family member with onset during July 28-August 11 with 1) cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis and negative bacterial culture or 2) an emergency department visit with headache, fever, and stiff neck. Ten cases were identified; nine in males, and one in a female; patient ages ranged from 13 to 17 years. All the patients sought care at an emergency department, and five were hospitalized, resulting in 12 total hospital days. All 10 patients have recovered. Eight patients were football players, and two were siblings of football players. The most affected subgroup was the junior varsity football team, with seven cases out of 57 players (attack rate = 12.3%); the relative risk for aseptic meningitis was higher among players who were linemen than among those who were not linemen (relative risk = 5.4 [p = 0.03]). Of the 10 patients, eight tested positive by polymerase chain reaction for enterovirus, and two were not tested. Echovirus testing was performed at the California Viral and Rickettsial Disease Laboratory. Of the eight specimens testing positive for enterovirus, seven tested positive for echovirus 30, and one specimen could not be typed because of insufficient quantity.
authors.forename: Curtis
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Croker
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Civen
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Keough
authors.forename: Van
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ngo
authors.forename: Amy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marutani
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schwartz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D004457:Echovirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D029822:Enterovirus B, Human / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005260:Female; D005538:Football; D006801:Humans; D015141:Los Angeles / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008582:Meningitis, Aseptic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012574:Schools