title: New horizon in dialysis depuration: Characterization of a polysulfone membrane able to break the 'albumin wall'.
abstract: The uremic syndrome is attributed to the progressive retention of a large number of toxins, which under normal conditions are excreted by the healthy kidneys. Standard dialytic membranes do not purify middle-high molecular weight toxins. Haemodiafiltration with endogenous reinfusion coupled with a highly permeable membrane could break the limit of the 'albumin wall' improving the dialytic depuration without loss of important nutrients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of a new polysulfone membrane, Synclear 0.2, to remove uremic molecules. Surface Enhanced Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight was employed to evaluate the proteomic profile of ultrafiltrate and Electrospray Ionization-Quadruple-ToF coupled with on-chip elution was used for proteins identification. A high and specific permeability for middle-high molecular weight molecules was revealed by mass spectrometry for the investigated membrane. The identified proteins are mostly uremic toxins: their relative abundance, estimated in the ultrafiltrate by exponentially modified protein abundance index, showed a high purification efficiency of the new membrane when compared with conventional ones. In conclusion, Synclear 0.2, used as convective membrane in hemodiafiltration with endogenous reinfusion treatment, permits to break the 'albumin wall', clearing middle-high molecular weight uremic toxins, improving the dialytic treatment purification efficiency.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic, Clinical and Public Health Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cuoghi
authors.affiliation: Scientific Affairs, Bellco S.r.l, Mirandola, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Caiazzo
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic, Clinical and Public Health Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy emanuela.monari@unimore.it.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Monari
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic, Clinical and Public Health Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bellei
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic, Clinical and Public Health Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bergamini
authors.affiliation: Scientific Affairs, Bellco S.r.l, Mirandola, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sereni
authors.affiliation: IRCCS Hospital CSS, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Aucella
authors.affiliation: Divisions of Nephrology and Dialysis, Legnago, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Loschiavo
authors.affiliation: Scientific Affairs, Bellco S.r.l, Mirandola, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Atti
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic, Clinical and Public Health Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tomasi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D005260:Female; D017583:Hemodiafiltration / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008875:Middle Aged; D010539:Permeability; D011108:Polymers; D040901:Proteomics; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000379:methods*; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000302:isolation & purification; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D013450:Sulfones; D014118:Toxins, Biological / Q000097:blood / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014511:Uremia / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011108:Polymers; D012709:Serum Albumin; D013450:Sulfones; D014118:Toxins, Biological; C026865:uremia middle molecule toxins; C022840:polyether sulfone
keywords: Proteomics; dialytic membrane; haemodialysis; material characterization; uremic toxins