title: Effect of carnosine supplementation on apoptosis and irisin, total oxidant and antioxidants levels in the serum, liver and lung tissues in rats exposed to formaldehyde inhalation.
abstract: The main objective of the study has been to show whether carnosine has positive effects on liver and lung tissues of rats exposed to a range of formaldehyde concentrations, and to explore how irisin expression and antioxidant capacity are altered in these tissues by carnosine supplementation. Sprague-Dawley type male rats were divided into 8 groups with 6 animals in each: (I) Control; no chemical supplementation); (II) sham (100mg/kg/day carnosine); (III) low dose formaldehyde (LDFA) for 5 days/week; (IV) LDFA for 5 days/week and carnosine); (V) moderate dose formaldehyde (MDFA) for 5 days/week); (VI) MDFA for 5 days/week and carnosine; (VII) high dose formaldehyde (HDFA) for 5 days/week; (VIII) and HDFA for 5 days/week and carnosine. Sham and control groups were exposed to normal air. Irisin levels of the serum, liver and lung tissue supernatants were analyzed by ELISA, while the REL method was used to determine total oxidant/antioxidant capacity. Irisin production by the tissues was detected immunohistochemically. Increasing doses of FA decreased serum/tissue irisin and total antioxidant levels relative to the controls, as also to increases in TUNEL expressions, total oxidant level, oxidant and apoptosis index. Irisin expression was detected in hepatocyte and sinusoidal cells of the liver and parenchymal cells of the lung. In conclusion, while FA exposure reduces irisin and total oxidant in the serum, liver and lung tissues in a dose-dependent manner and increases the total antioxidant capacity, carnosine supplementation reduces the oxidative stress and restores the histopathological and biochemical signs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Medical School, Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Elazig Training and Research Hospital, 23100 Elazig, Turkey.
authors.forename: Suna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aydin
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Medical School, Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey.
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ogeturk
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey.
authors.forename: Tuncay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuloglu
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Medical School, Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kavakli
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry (Firat Hormones Research Group), Medical School, Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey. Electronic address: saydin1@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Suleyman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aydin
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002336:Carnosine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D016877:Oxidants / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; C583676:FNDC5 protein, rat; D005353:Fibronectins; D016877:Oxidants; D020011:Protective Agents; D005557:Formaldehyde; D002336:Carnosine
keywords: Carnosine; Formaldehyde; Irisin; Liver; Lungs; TAS/TOS