title: Instant live-cell super-resolution imaging of cellular structures by nanoinjection of fluorescent probes.
abstract: Labeling internal structures within living cells with standard fluorescent probes is a challenging problem. Here, we introduce a novel intracellular staining method that enables us to carefully control the labeling process and provides instant access to the inner structures of living cells. Using a hollow glass capillary with a diameter of <100 nm, we deliver functionalized fluorescent probes directly into the cells by (di)electrophoretic forces. The label density can be adjusted and traced directly during the staining process by fluorescence microscopy. We demonstrate the potential of this technique by delivering and imaging a range of commercially available cell-permeable and nonpermeable fluorescent probes to cells.
authors.affiliation: Biomolecular Photonics, Department of Physics and §Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Bielefeld University , Universitätsstr. 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hennig
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: van de Linde
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lummer
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Simonis
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Huser
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sauer
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D036103:Nanotechnology; D012516:Osteosarcoma / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes
keywords: Nanoinjection; live-cell imaging; nanopipette; online monitoring of live-cell labeling; scanning ion conductance microscopy; super-resolution imaging