title: Characterization and study of transgenic cultivars by capillary and microchip electrophoresis.
abstract: Advances in biotechnology have increased the demand for suitable analytical techniques for the analysis of genetically modified organisms. Study of the substantial equivalence, discrimination between transgenic and non-transgenic cultivars, study of the unintended effects caused by a genetic modification or their response to diverse situations or stress conditions (e.g., environmental, climatic, infections) are some of the concerns that need to be addressed. Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is emerging as an alternative to conventional techniques for the study and characterization of genetically modified organisms. This article reviews the most recent applications of CE for the analysis and characterization of transgenic cultivars in the last five years. Different strategies have been described depending on the level analyzed (DNA, proteins or metabolites). Capillary gel electrophoresis (CGE) has shown to be particularly useful for the analysis of DNA fragments amplified by PCR. Metabolites and proteins have been mainly separated using capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) using UV and MS detection. Electrophoretic chips have also proven their ability in the analysis of transgenic cultivars and a section describing the new applications is also included.
authors.affiliation: Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, AIMMS Research Group of BioMolecular Analysis, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands. e.dominguezvega@vu.nl.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Domínguez Vega
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Biology, Environmental Sciences and Chemistry, University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain. mluisa.marina@uah.es.
authors.forename: Maria Luisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Marina
mesh_terms: D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary / Q000379:methods; D046209:Electrophoresis, Microchip / Q000379:methods; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods