title: A cladistic re-analysis of the Gadiformes (Teleostei, Paracanthopterygii) using three-item analysis.
abstract: In the present paper, we describe LisBeth, a newly published phylogenetic program. LisBeth implements the cladistic three-item analysis for systematics and biogeography. We show how LisBeth handles character representation, character analysis, exact search functions, reconstruction of the intersection tree and other features, such as retention index, completeness index, character history and link with other programs such as PAUP*, version 4.0b10, TNT and Xper2. Using LisBeth, we reanalyze the phylogeny based on morphological characters of the order Gadiformes (Teleostei, Paracanthopterygii) published by Endo (2002) and compare our results. We also describe the generation of hypotheses of homology following Endo's guidelines versus 3ia representation schemes. We compare the topologies of all results and show the implications of the interpretation of character history.
authors.affiliation: Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, UMR 7207, CR2P, 57 rue Cuvier, CP48, F-75005, Paris, France; Email: grand@mnhn.fr.
authors.forename: Anaïs
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grand
authors.affiliation: Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7207, CR2P, 4 Place Jussieu, Tour 46-56, 5ème étage, F-75005, Paris, France Laboratoire Informatique et Systématique, UMR 7205, ISYEB, 45 rue Buffon, CP 50, F-75005 Paris, France; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Rene
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zaragüeta Bagils
authors.affiliation: Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, UMR 7207, CR2P, 57 rue Cuvier, CP48, F-75005, Paris, France; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Lina María Duque
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Vélez
authors.affiliation: Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, UMR 7207, CR2P, 57 rue Cuvier, CP48, F-75005, Paris, France; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Lina María
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Vélez
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Informatique et Systématique, UMR 7205, ISYEB, 45 rue Buffon, CP 50, F-75005 Paris, France CNRS, UMR 7207, CR2P, 57 rue Cuvier, CP48, F-75005, Paris, France; Email: visotheary.riviere-ung@snv.jussieu.fr.
authors.forename: Visotheary
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ung
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D048388:Gadiformes / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D020407:Internet; D010802:Phylogeny