title: Effect of bolus volume and consistency on swallowing events duration in healthy subjects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Swallowing is a complex function with the control of the swallowing center being located in the brain stem. Our aim in this investigation was to evaluate, in healthy volunteers, the oral and pharyngeal transit of 2 bolus volumes and 2 consistencies, and the influence of these boluses on the proportion of pharyngeal clearance duration/hyoid movement duration.
  
  
  METHODS
  Videofluoroscopic evaluation of swallows was performed in 30 healthy volunteers, aged 29-77 years (mean 58 years). The subjects swallowed in duplicate of 5 mL and 10 mL of thick liquid barium and honey thick barium. We measured the duration of oral transit, pharyngeal transit, pharyngeal clearance, upper esophageal sphincter opening, hyoid movement, oropharyngeal transit, and the relation pharyngeal clearance duration/hyoid movement duration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A 10 mL bolus volume caused a longer UES opening duration than a 5 mL bolus volume, for both consistencies. The pharyngeal transit was longer for honey thick bolus consistency than for thick liquid, with both the volumes of 5 mL and 10 mL. For pharyngeal clearance, the difference was significant only with the 10 mL bolus volume. There was no difference associated with bolus volume or consistency in the relation between pharyngeal clearance duration and hyoid movement duration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increase in the swallowed bolus volume causes a longer UES opening duration and an increase in bolus consistency from thick liquid to honey thick causes a longer pharyngeal transit duration. The proportion between pharyngeal clearance and hyoid movement does not change with bolus volume or bolus consistency.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology of the Department of Medicine, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Weslania V
authors.initials: WV
authors.lastname: Nascimento
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology of the Department of Medicine, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rachel A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Cassiani
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology of the Department of Medicine, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carla M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology of the Department of Medicine, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Roberto O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Dantas
keywords: Deglutition; Esophageal sphincter, upper; Pharynx