title: Dual high expression of STAT3 and cyclinD1 is associated with poor prognosis after curative resection of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Signal transducer of activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and cyclinD1 are overexpressed in various human cancers, and their overexpression positively correlates to tumor progression and poor prognosis. However, the clinical significance of dual high expression of these two proteins in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has yet to be determined.
  
  
  METHODS
  The expression of STAT3 and cyclinD1 was analyzed in tissue microarrays containing tumor and adjacent tissue samples from 82 patients who had undergone curative resection for histologically proven ESCC. Kaplan-Meier plots and Cox proportional hazards regression model were used to analyze the prognostic value of STAT3 and cyclinD1 expression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We discovered that expressions of STAT3 and cyclinD1 in cancer tissues were significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues. High expression of STAT3 and cyclinD1 was associated with malignant behaviors. Moreover, the expression of STAT3 was positively associated with the expression of cyclinD1. High STAT3 or cyclinD1 expression alone was associated with lower overall survival (OS) rates. Furthermore, dual high expression of STAT3 and cyclinD1 expression predict even worse survival outcome in both univariate and multivariate analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  STAT3 and cyclinD1 correlate with more aggressive tumor behavior in ESCC. When STAT3 and cyclinD1 are considered together, they serve as effective prognostic markers in patients with surgically resected ESCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Jinan University Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China ; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Antibody Engineering, School of Medicine, Jinan University Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Haiying
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Weiwei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Jinan University Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China ; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Antibody Engineering, School of Medicine, Jinan University Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Jiwei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Jinan University Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China ; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Antibody Engineering, School of Medicine, Jinan University Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Jinan University Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China ; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Antibody Engineering, School of Medicine, Jinan University Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Ru
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Jinan University Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China ; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Antibody Engineering, School of Medicine, Jinan University Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Jiecheng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Jinan University Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Jinan University Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China ; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Antibody Engineering, School of Medicine, Jinan University Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Xueyun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Medicine, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060, China.
authors.forename: Shaoxiang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; D019938:Cyclin D1
keywords: Signal transducer of activator of transcription 3; cyclinD1; esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; immunohistochemistry; prognosis