title: Effects of local application of simvastatin on bone regeneration in femoral bone defects in rabbit.
abstract: Simvastatin (SIM), which is widely used in hyperlipidemia treatment, has also attracted attention due to its anabolic effects on bones. This study is designed to investigate the effectiveness of 2 mg SIM combined with 3 different carriers as delivery systems. Bone defects were surgically created in the femoral bones of 14 New Zealand white rabbits. The carriers used were the inorganic bovine bone graft (BOS), the hydroxyapatite combined with calcium sulfate (HACS), and the collagen sponge (COS). The bone defects were divided for each time period into 7 groups, as follows: passive control group (CONT), active control groups (BOS), (HACS) and (COS) (no simvastatin), and groups (BOS + SIM), (HACS + SIM) (carrier and simvastatin combination). Animal were sacrificed at 4 and 8 weeks postoperatively, and bone defects areas were prepared for histological examination and histomorphometric evaluation. Analysis of variance demonstrated statistically significant differences between groups depending on the carrier used. At 4 weeks, the BOS + SIM group presented higher rates of new bone formation, whereas at 8 weeks more new bone formation was noted for the HACS + SIM group. This study suggests that local application of simvastatin, combined with an appropriate carrier, can promote new bone formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Implant Biology, Dental School Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Papadimitriou
authors.affiliation: Medical School, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Karkavelas
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Implant Biology, Dental School Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Vouros
authors.affiliation: Dental School, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece. Electronic address: kouneli_dent@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Eftichia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kessopoulou
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Implant Biology, Dental School Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Antonis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Konstantinidis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D001847:Bone Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D002133:Calcium Sulfate / Q000737:chemistry; D002417:Cattle; D003094:Collagen / Q000737:chemistry; D004337:Drug Carriers; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry; D005269:Femur / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008903:Minerals / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D010011:Osteocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D011817:Rabbits; D019821:Simvastatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: C077540:Bio-Oss; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D004337:Drug Carriers; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008903:Minerals; D003094:Collagen; D017886:Durapatite; D019821:Simvastatin; D002133:Calcium Sulfate
keywords: Bone defects; Bone regeneration; Carriers; Simvastatin