title: Comparable efficacy of silk fibroin with the collagen membranes for guided bone regeneration in rat calvarial defects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Silk fibroin (SF) is a new degradable barrier membrane for guided bone regeneration (GBR) that can reduce the risk of pathogen transmission and the high costs associated with the use of collagen membranes. This study compared the efficacy of SF membranes on GBR with collagen membranes (Bio-Gide®) using a rat calvarial defect model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six male Sprague Dawley rats with two 5 mm-sized circular defects in the calvarial bone were prepared (n=72). The study groups were divided into a control group (no membrane) and two experimental groups (SF membrane and Bio-Gide®). Each group of 24 samples was subdivided at 2, 4, and 8 weeks after implantation. New bone formation was evaluated using microcomputerized tomography and histological examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bone regeneration was observed in the SF and Bio-Gide®-treated groups to a greater extent than in the control group (mean volume of new bone was 5.49 ± 1.48 mm(3) at 8 weeks). There were different patterns of bone regeneration between the SF membrane and the Bio-Gide® samples. However, the absolute volume of new bone in the SF membrane-treated group was not significantly different from that in the collagen membrane-treated group at 8 weeks (8.75 ± 0.80 vs. 8.47 ± 0.75 mm(3), respectively, P=.592).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SF membranes successfully enhanced comparable volumes of bone regeneration in calvarial bone defects compared with collagen membranes. Considering the lower cost and lesser risk of infectious transmission from animal tissue, SF membranes are a viable alternative to collagen membranes for GBR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hallym University School of Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jwa-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hallym University School of Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Byoung-Eun
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Hallym University School of Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jin-Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Konkuk University School of medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Hallym University School of Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hye-Won
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Shim
keywords: Bone regeneration; Collagen; Dental implants; Guided tissue regeneration; Membranes; Silk