title: Obesity and Fractures in Postmenopausal Women: A Primary-care Cross-Sectional Study at Santa Maria, Brazil.
abstract: Obesity and osteoporosis are chronic disorders with increasing prevalence worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between obesity and fracture in postmenopausal women from Santa Maria, Brazil. A cross-sectional study was carried out at Santa Maria (parallel 29° south), Brazil. Postmenopausal women aged ≥55 yr who had at least 1 appointment at the primary care in the 2 years before the study were recruited from March 1, 2013 to August 31, 2013. The Global Longitudinal Study of Osteoporosis in Women study questionnaire was applied with permission of The Center for Outcomes Research, University of Massachusetts Medical School. Height and weight were measured according to the World Health Organization protocol. Bone fractures (excluding hand, feet, and head) that occurred after the age of 45 yr were considered as the outcome. Overall, 1057 women completed the study, of whom 984 had body mass index measured. The mean (standard deviation) age and body mass index of the women included in the study were 67.1 (7.6) yr and 29.2 (5.5) kg/m(2), respectively. The prevalence of fractures in obese and nonobese women was similar (17.3% vs 16.0%); 41.4% of all fractures occurred in obese women. Obese postmenopausal women make a substantial contribution to the overall burden of prevalent fractures in this population. Our results provide further evidence in support of the concept that obesity is not protective against fracture.
authors.affiliation: Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil; Grupo de Pesquisas em Doenças Osteometabólicas Crônicas, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rafaela Martinez
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Copês
authors.affiliation: Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil; Grupo de Pesquisas em Doenças Osteometabólicas Crônicas, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabio Vasconcellos
authors.initials: FV
authors.lastname: Comim
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Pesquisas em Doenças Osteometabólicas Crônicas, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
authors.forename: Felipe Welter
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Langer
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Pesquisas em Doenças Osteometabólicas Crônicas, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
authors.forename: Antonio Aurelio da Silveira
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Codevilla
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Pesquisas em Doenças Osteometabólicas Crônicas, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
authors.forename: Giovani Ruviaro
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Sartori
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Pesquisas em Doenças Osteometabólicas Crônicas, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Pesquisas em Doenças Osteometabólicas Crônicas, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aline Rubin
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Cocco
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Pesquisas em Doenças Osteometabólicas Crônicas, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
authors.forename: Adriana Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: de Almeida
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Pesquisas em Doenças Osteometabólicas Crônicas, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciana Leiria
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: de Almeida
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Pesquisas em Doenças Osteometabólicas Crônicas, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
authors.forename: Léo Canterle
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Dal Osto
authors.affiliation: Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Juliet Elizabeth
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Compston
authors.affiliation: Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil; Grupo de Pesquisas em Doenças Osteometabólicas Crônicas, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil. Electronic address: premaor@ufsm.br.
authors.forename: Melissa Orlandin
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Premaor
mesh_terms: D000058:Accidental Falls / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015519:Bone Density; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D050177:Overweight / Q000453:epidemiology; D017698:Postmenopause; D011320:Primary Health Care; D012307:Risk Factors; D013851:Thinness / Q000453:epidemiology*
keywords: Bone fractures; obesity; osteoporosis; postmenopause