title: Unique contributions of metacognition and cognition to depressive symptoms.
abstract: This study attempts to examine the unique contributions of "cognitions" or "metacognitions" to depressive symptoms while controlling for their intercorrelations and comorbid anxiety. Two-hundred-and-fifty-one university students participated in the study. Two complementary hierarchical multiple regression analyses were performed, in which symptoms of depression were regressed on the dysfunctional attitudes (DAS-24 subscales) and metacognition scales (Negative Beliefs about Rumination Scale [NBRS] and Positive Beliefs about Rumination Scale [PBRS]). Results showed that both NBRS and PBRS individually explained a significant amount of variance in depressive symptoms above and beyond dysfunctional schemata while controlling for anxiety. Although dysfunctional attitudes as a set significantly predicted depressive symptoms after anxiety and metacognitions were controlled for, they were weaker than metacognitive variables and none of the DAS-24 subscales contributed individually. Metacognitive beliefs about ruminations appeared to contribute more to depressive symptoms than dysfunctional beliefs in the "cognitive" domain.
authors.affiliation: a Dokuz Eylül University.
authors.forename: Adviye Esin
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.forename: Tülin
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gençöz
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wells
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology*; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D000067489:Metacognition / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: cognition; depression, depressive symptoms; dysfunctional attitudes; metacognition; schema