title: The determination of normal percentages of syncytiotrophoblastic knots in various regions of placenta: where to count the syncytial knots.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The marginal, basal and subchorial regions of the placenta are considered to be more hypoxic than other regions. Therefore, it is not recommended to determine the increase in syncytiotrophoblast knots, based on the major morphological change in placental hypoxia, from the samples taken from these regions. However, the normal count of knots at various regions of placenta is not investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study we have sampled morphologically and clinically normal placenta with eccentric cord insertion from various sites, either close to cord entrance or away from it (marginal, non-marginal basal, non-marginal subchorial, and nonmarginal midparanchymal). The number of knots was calculated on a total of at least 100 villi for each placental sample. The normal amount of knots in different regions and comparison between them were investigated. Twenty-eight placentas with eccentric cord insertion were sampled in the same manner. Hot spots from the above mentioned regions were counted in a total of 100 villi.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant difference was found between the dual comparison of the mean percentages of different regions (p: 0.148). The variety of hypoxia in different regions of the placenta could not be demonstrated in this study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is found that there is no difference in perfusion that can be morphologically demonstrated with increase in syncytiotrophoblast knot, between different regions of placenta.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Ağrı Women and Children's Hospital, AĞRI, TURKEY.
authors.forename: Engin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ciğercioğullari
authors.forename: Deniz
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Filinte
authors.forename: Emrah
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Toz
authors.forename: İbrahim
authors.initials: İ
authors.lastname: Avci
authors.forename: Baki
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Erdem
authors.forename: İtibar
authors.initials: İ
authors.lastname: Eminli
authors.forename: Taner
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Özgür
mesh_terms: D002452:Cell Count; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010920:Placenta / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000166:cytology*; D021041:Placental Circulation; D011247:Pregnancy; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000166:cytology*