title: Cognitive-motor intervention in Alzheimer's disease: long-term results from the Maria Wolff trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Little is known about the long-term acceptance and effects of cognitive and motor stimulation interventions (CMSI) in Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate a replicable CMSI program for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild-to-moderate AD persons.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-four non-institutionalized subjects with AD were randomized to receive either CMSI, administered by a single care provider, or standard support. Cognition, activities of daily living (ADL), mood, and study partner's subjective burden were assessed by blinded raters. Data on institutionalization, psychiatric medications, and demise were collected by the study physicians. Random effects model and survival analyses were conducted, after 2 and 3 years of study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three-year assessments could be performed by the physician in 85% and by the blinded rater in 66% of subjects. Significant benefits were observed in basic ADL at the 2- and 3-year assessments, whereas instrumental ADL showed benefits only up to the second year of intervention (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Long-term cognitive-motor stimulation is well accepted and produces functional benefits in subjects with AD, with no extra subjective burden in the partner.
authors.affiliation: Maria Wolff Foundation, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Ruben
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Muñiz
authors.affiliation: Maria Wolff Foundation, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Cristina Massegú
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Serra
authors.affiliation: Maria Wolff Foundation, Madrid, Spain New York University Langone Medical Center, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Barry
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Reisberg
authors.affiliation: Superior Council of Scientific Research, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: José Manuel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Rojo
authors.affiliation: Maria Wolff Foundation, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Teodoro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Del Ser
authors.affiliation: Maria Wolff Foundation, Madrid, Spain Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peña Casanova
authors.affiliation: Maria Wolff Foundation, Madrid, Spain Research Unit, Alzheimer Center Reina Sofia Foundation, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Olazarán
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000523:psychology*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007326:Institutionalization; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Alzheimer's disease; cognitive stimulation; cognitive-motor stimulation intervention; long-term effects; non-pharmacological therapies; randomized controlled trial