title: Weak acid extractable metals in Bramble Bay, Queensland, Australia: temporal behaviour, enrichment and source apportionment.
abstract: Sediment samples were taken from six sampling sites in Bramble Bay, Queensland, Australia between February and November in 2012. They were analysed for a range of heavy metals including Al, Fe, Mn, Ti, Ce, Th, U, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Sb, Te, Hg, Tl and Pb. Fraction analysis, Enrichment Factors and Principal Component Analysis-Absolute Principal Component Scores (PCA-APCS) were carried out in order to assess metal pollution, potential bioavailability and source apportionment. Cr and Ni exceeded the Australian Interim Sediment Quality Guidelines at some sampling sites, while Hg was found to be the most enriched metal. Fraction analysis identified increased weak acid soluble Hg and Cd during the sampling period. Source apportionment via PCA-APCS found four sources of metals pollution, namely, marine sediments, shipping, antifouling coatings and a mixed source. These sources need to be considered in any metal pollution control measure within Bramble Bay.
authors.affiliation: Queensland University of Technology, Science and Engineering Faculty, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia.
authors.forename: James P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Brady
authors.affiliation: Queensland University of Technology, Science and Engineering Faculty, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia. Electronic address: g.ayoko@qut.edu.au.
authors.forename: Godwin A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Ayoko
authors.affiliation: Queensland University of Technology, Science and Engineering Faculty, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia.
authors.forename: Wayde N
authors.initials: WN
authors.lastname: Martens
authors.affiliation: Queensland University of Technology, Science and Engineering Faculty, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia.
authors.forename: Ashantha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goonetilleke
mesh_terms: D061006:Bays / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D008628:Mercury / Q000032:analysis; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D011793:Queensland; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D019216:Metals, Heavy; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D008628:Mercury
keywords: Bramble Bay; Fraction analysis; Heavy metal distribution; Heavy metal enrichment; Heavy metal pollution; Source apportionment