title: Primary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma in the common bile duct: first Asian case report.
abstract: Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) in the biliary system is a poorly differentiated, high-grade neuroendocrine tumor. These tumors exhibit aggressive behavior and an increased tendency for early nodal and distant metastases. Herein, we report an unusual case of a pure primary LCNEC of the common bile duct (CBD). A 75-year-old female presented with nausea and jaundice. The patient underwent a CBD excision with lymph node dissection. Upon histological and immunohistochemical examination, the tumor exhibited pure large cell-type neuroendocrine features. Metastases were noted in two of the eight lymph nodes. The patient was administered adjuvant chemotherapy. The patient's cancer recurred 7 mo after surgery, and the patient died from liver failure 5 mo after recurrence. The prognosis of LCNEC of CBD remains poor despite curative resection and adjuvant chemotherapy. The role of additional therapies, such as multimodal treatment including radiation therapy, must be further studied to improve the prognoses of patients.
authors.affiliation: Sung Bae Park, Suk Bae Moon, Yang Hee Kim, Gi Bong Chae, Seong Kweon Hong, Department of Surgery, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 200-947, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Bae
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Sung Bae Park, Suk Bae Moon, Yang Hee Kim, Gi Bong Chae, Seong Kweon Hong, Department of Surgery, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 200-947, South Korea.
authors.forename: Suk Bae
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.affiliation: Sung Bae Park, Suk Bae Moon, Yang Hee Kim, Gi Bong Chae, Seong Kweon Hong, Department of Surgery, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 200-947, South Korea.
authors.forename: Young Joon
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.affiliation: Sung Bae Park, Suk Bae Moon, Yang Hee Kim, Gi Bong Chae, Seong Kweon Hong, Department of Surgery, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 200-947, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jeana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Sung Bae Park, Suk Bae Moon, Yang Hee Kim, Gi Bong Chae, Seong Kweon Hong, Department of Surgery, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 200-947, South Korea.
authors.forename: Yang Hee
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Sung Bae Park, Suk Bae Moon, Yang Hee Kim, Gi Bong Chae, Seong Kweon Hong, Department of Surgery, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 200-947, South Korea.
authors.forename: Gi Bong
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Chae
authors.affiliation: Sung Bae Park, Suk Bae Moon, Yang Hee Kim, Gi Bong Chae, Seong Kweon Hong, Department of Surgery, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 200-947, South Korea.
authors.forename: Seong Kweon
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Hong
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D001706:Biopsy; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; D003138:Common Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D018358:Neuroendocrine Tumors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery; D056910:Republic of Korea; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D047368:Tumor Burden
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor
keywords: Common bile duct; Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma; Metastases; Multimodal treatment; Neuro endocrine tumor