title: Cancer risk in people with diabetes: Does physical activity and adiposity modify the association? Prospective data from the HUNT Study, Norway.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine whether physical activity and adiposity modify the increased risk of cancer associated with diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We prospectively examined the association of diabetes and risk of cancer among 73,726 persons stratified by physical activity and body mass index (BMI). Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated from Cox regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During a median follow-up of 22.0 years, 9572 people were diagnosed with incident cancer. There was no clear association between diabetes and cancer risk in those reporting high levels of physical activity (≥2.0h per week) (HR 0.93; 95% CI: 0.70-1.24) or those with a normal weight (BMI <25kg/m²) (HR 1.02; 95% CI: 0.84-1.25). However, among people with diabetes who reported low levels of physical activity (<2.0h per week), diabetes was associated with an HR of 1.15 (95% CI: 1.01-1.31). Correspondingly, diabetes was associated with an HR of 1.21 (95% CI: 1.07-1.37) among overweight or obese people (BMI ≥25kg/m²).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was evidence that the increased risk of cancer associated with diabetes was confined to persons who reported low levels of physical activity, or who were overweight or obese.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway. Electronic address: borge.moe@ntnu.no.
authors.forename: Børge
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Moe
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
authors.forename: Tom Ivar Lund
authors.initials: TI
authors.lastname: Nilsen
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015331:Cohort Studies; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D009765:Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D050177:Overweight / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015995:Prevalence; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012306:Risk; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Body mass index; Cancer risk; Diabetes; Epidemiology; Leisure time physical exercise