title: Validity of the body adiposity index in adults with Down syndrome.
abstract: The purpose of this investigation was to determine the agreement between the body adiposity index (BAI) and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for measuring BF% in adults with Down syndrome (DS). Twenty adults (male: n=10; female: n=10) with Down syndrome volunteered to participate in this study. Criterion BF% was determined by DXA and predicted BF% was estimated by the BAI method. There was a significant mean difference (p<0.001) between DXA BF% (39.94±10.80%) and the BAI BF% (42.60±8.19%). The correlation between the two BF% variables was large and significant (r=0.73, p<0.001). However, the standard error of the estimate and total error was 7.79% and 7.86%, respectively. Additionally, the 95% limits of agreement ranged from 12.21% below to 17.52% above the constant error of 2.65%. Our findings suggest that on average, the BAI significantly overestimated BF% when compared to DXA values. Though there was a strong correlation between both methods, the wide limits of agreement suggest there is large amount of individual error when estimating BF% via the BAI. Therefore, the use of the BAI for individuals with DS does not appear to be accurate for estimating BF%.
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, University of Alabama, P.O. Box 870312, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA. Electronic address: bsnickerson@crimson.ua.edu.
authors.forename: Brett S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Nickerson
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, University of Alabama, P.O. Box 870312, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA. Electronic address: mresco@bamaed.ua.edu.
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Esco
authors.affiliation: Department of Counselor, Leadership, and Special Education, Auburn University at Montgomery, P.O. Box 244023, Montgomery, AL 36124, USA. Electronic address: sbicard@aum.edu.
authors.forename: Sara C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Bicard
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, University of Alabama, P.O. Box 870312, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA. Electronic address: arrussell3@crimson.ua.edu.
authors.forename: Angela R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, Auburn University at Montgomery, P.O. Box 244023, Montgomery, AL 36124, USA. Electronic address: hwillifo@aum.edu.
authors.forename: Henry N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Williford
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, Auburn University at Montgomery, P.O. Box 244023, Montgomery, AL 36124, USA. Electronic address: gschaefe@aum.edu.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schaefer
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D050154:Adiposity; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001823:Body Composition; D001827:Body Height; D004314:Down Syndrome; D005260:Female; D006615:Hip / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Adiposity; Body composition; Developmental disabilities; Physical fitness; Trisomy 21