title: Dietary mineral intakes of rural midlife to older adult women with prehypertension in Midwestern United States.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Midlife to older rural women with prehypertension are at increased risk for hypertension and its impact on cardiovascular health with advancing age. Because modification of dietary factors could help alleviate risk, the objective of this study was to explore calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium intakes of midlife to older rural women, with identification of their top food sources.
  
  
  METHODS
  Survey of baseline dietary intake data of women and comparison to standard recommendations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rural Midwestern United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  289 rural women, age 40-69, with prehypertension who volunteered for lifestyle modification to reduce blood pressure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Baseline nutrition data using the Block Health Habit and History Questionnaire were collected over a twelve-month rolling enrollment period from rural women with prehypertension. Mineral intakes were calculated and compared to recommended standards. Top ten foods contributing to each mineral were identified.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The percent of women who met the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)/Adequate Intake (AI) recommendations for their age groups ranged from a high 42.9% for magnesium to a low of 4.2% for potassium. Mean intakes of calcium, magnesium and potassium were all below recommended levels and sodium intakes were above recommendation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Midlife to older rural US women with prehypertension were eating some of the foods that would help them meet mineral recommendations. As a preventive approach to reducing hypertension risk, clinical practice could include advising on ways to increase both commonly and less commonly consumed nutrient-rich foods with awareness of what is typically available in the rural area.
authors.affiliation: Linda S. Boeckner, 119 Ruth Leverton, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0808, Phone: 402-472-7634, Email: lboeckner1@unl.edu.
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Boeckner
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Pullen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dizona
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Hageman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004032:Diet / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005502:Food; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000517:prevention & control; D008019:Life Style; D008274:Magnesium / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008875:Middle Aged; D015146:Midwestern United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D008903:Minerals / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D009752:Nutritional Status; D011188:Potassium / Q000008:administration & dosage; D058246:Prehypertension / Q000453:epidemiology*; D064167:Recommended Dietary Allowances; D012424:Rural Population; D012964:Sodium / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D008903:Minerals; D012964:Sodium; D008274:Magnesium; D011188:Potassium