title: Concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in resuspendable fraction of settled bus dust and its implications for human exposure.
abstract: This preliminary study measured Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) concentrations in the resuspendable fraction of settled dust on 39 bus lines, to evaluate the impact of engine type (gasoline and compressed natural gas) on exposure for commuters and drivers. Benzo(b)fluoranthene(BbF) was the predominant PAH in resuspendable fraction of settled bus dust. The concentration of total PAHs was 92.90 ± 116.00 μg/g (range: 0.57-410) in gasoline buses and 3.97 ± 1.81 (range: 2.01-9.47) in compressed natural gas (CNG) buses. Based on Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) equivalent concentrations for the sum of 16 PAHs, the average daily dose (ADD) via dust ingestion and dermal contact was calculated. The ADD of PAHs was higher for commuters and drivers in gasoline-powered buses than in buses using CNG buses. For both short and long duration journeys, young commuters were exposed to higher levels of PAHs via dust ingestion and dermal contact than adult commuters.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Environmental Health Sciences Division, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-7360, USA.
authors.forename: Sa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, China. Electronic address: yujief@hit.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yujie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, China.
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, China.
authors.forename: Binyu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, China.
authors.forename: Zhaohan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, China.
authors.forename: Fuyi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
authors.forename: Baoshan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.affiliation: Environmental Health Sciences Division, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-7360, USA. Electronic address: hammondk@berkeley.edu.
authors.forename: S Katharine
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Hammond
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene / Q000032:analysis; D004391:Dust / Q000032:analysis*; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D005742:Gasoline; D006801:Humans; D018986:Motor Vehicles; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis*; D014186:Transportation
chemical_list: D004391:Dust; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D005742:Gasoline; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene
keywords: Dermal contact; Engine style; Ingestion; Microenvironment pollution; Public transportation; Resuspendable faction of settled dust