title: Isolation and identification of stem cells in different subtype of cartilage tissue.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cartilage tissue engineering provided a promising therapy for the repair of cartilage defects, and seeding cells play a vital role in cartilage regeneration. Chondrocytes and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were reported to be the ideal seeding cells, but 'dedifferentiation' and 'unstable phenotype' of tissue-engineered cartilage constructed by the two cell type hamper their clinical application. Recently, cartilage tissue was reported to possess a stem cell population, which may be a more superior cell source in cartilage tissue engineering.
  
  
  METHODS
  In current study, we isolated a cell population from different subtype of cartilage tissue via a differential adhesion assay to fibronectin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Flow cytometry analysis demonstrates the cell lines expressed mesenchyme stem cell positive surface marker such as CD29 and CD90. Meanwhile, the cells are highly proliferative and multipotent. Reverse transcription-PCR detection showed the cell population expressed osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation under different induction conditions. More interesting, monolayer cells underwent chondrogenic differentiation in the presence of dexamethasone and insulin-like growth factor 1. In addition, the expression of chondrogenic genes in cartilage-derived stem cells (CSCs) was higher than those in BMSCs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CSC may become an ideal seeding cell in cartilage tissue engineering, owing to its stemness and chondrogenic characteristics.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery , 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai 200011 , PR China +8613501909852 ; +862164397277 ; drkailiu@126.com.
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Wanyao
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Xiaodie
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D002356:Cartilage / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000379:methods*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D013552:Swine
keywords: bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells; cartilage tissue; cartilage-derived stem cells; different subtype; differentiation; fibronectin