title: Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 and breast cancer metastasis.
abstract: Accumulating evidence has shown that the hypoxic microenvironment, which is critical during cancer development, plays a key role in regulating breast cancer progression and metastasis. The effects of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), a master regulator of the hypoxic response, have been extensively studied during these processes. In this review, we focus on the roles of HIF-1 in regulating breast cancer cell metastasis, specifically its effects on multiple key steps of metastasis, such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, extravasation, and metastatic niche formation. We also discuss the roles of HIF-1-regulated non-coding RNAs in breast cancer metastasis, and therapeutic opportunities for breast cancer through targeting the HIF-1 pathway.
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
authors.forename: Zhao-Ji
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Gregg L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Semenza
authors.forename: Hua-Feng
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D058750:Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia; D051793:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D015398:Signal Transduction; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D051793:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1
keywords: Breast cancer; Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1); Metastasis