title: Assessment of the common risk factors associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus in jeddah.
abstract: Risk factor management is important in avoiding life-threatening complications and preventing new-onset diabetes. We performed a case-control study in 2013 at ten primary health care centers in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia to determine the common risk factors of diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) and the demographic background of adult Saudi patients with DM2. Known diabetic patients were recruited as cases, while nondiabetic attendants were selected as controls. A pretested designed questionnaire was used to collect data from 159 cases and 128 controls. Cases were more likely than controls to be men (P < 0.0001), less educated (P < 0.0001), natives of eastern Saudi Arabia (P < 0.0001), retired (P < 0.0001), lower-salaried (P < 0.0001), or married or divorced (P < 0.0001). By univariate analysis cases were likely to be current smokers (P < 0.0001), hypertensive (P < 0.0001), or overweight/obese (P < 0.0001). Cases were also more likely to have a history of DM in a first-degree relative (P = 0.020). By multivariate analysis, cases were more likely to be older than 40 years (P < 0.0001), less educated (P = 0.05), married or divorced (P = 0.04), jobless/housewives (P < 0.0001), or current smokers (P = 0.002). They were also more likely to have salaries <7000 Saudi riyals (P = 0.01). Overall, prediabetic and high risk groups should be identified and counseled early before the occurrence of diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family and Community Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 42806, Jeddah 21551, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Manal A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Murad
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Nursing, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Samia S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Abdulmageed
authors.affiliation: Department of Family and Community Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 42806, Jeddah 21551, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Rahila
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Iftikhar
authors.affiliation: Health Promotion Management Master's Program, College of Arts and Sciences, American University, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: Bayan Khaled
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Sagga