title: Can recurrence and progression be predicted by HYAL-1 expression in primary T1 bladder cancer?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Molecular prognostic markers have been under investigation for the last decade and no validated marker to date has been proven to be used in daily clinical practice for urinary bladder cancers. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the significance of HYAL-1 expression in prediction of recurrence and progression in pT1 urothelial carcinomas.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-nine urothelial carcinoma cases staged as T1 according to 2004 WHO classification were studied. Representative sections from every case were stained immunohistochemically for HYAL-1 and scored between 0 and +3, according to staining density, and graded as low and high for the scores 0-1 and 2-3, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 89 pT1 bladder cancer patients, HYAL-1 expression was high in 92.1% (82 patients; 72 patients +3 and 10 patients +2) and low in 7.9% (only 7 patients; 6 patients +1 and 1 patient 0) of the cases. Of the 89 patients, 38 (42.7%) had recurrence and 22 (24.7%) showed progression. HYAL-1 staining did not show significant characteristics for tumor grade, accompanying CIS, multiplicity, tumor size, age and sex. HYAL-1 expression did not have any prognostic value in estimating recurrence or progression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HYAL-1 expression was found to be high, but did not have any prognostic importance in T1 bladder urothelial carcinomas.
authors.affiliation: Urology, Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University , Izmir, Turkey E-mail : drozanbozkurt@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Elnur
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mammadov
authors.forename: Guven
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Aslan
authors.forename: Burcin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tuna
authors.forename: Ozan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bozkurt
authors.forename: Kutsal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yorukoglu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006821:Hyaluronoglucosaminidase / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D006821:Hyaluronoglucosaminidase