title: Comparison Between Sporadic and Misdiagnosed Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: A Report of Two Cases.
abstract: Definite accurate diagnosis for Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) depends on neuropathologic examination of brain biopsy or autopsy. However, transmissible nature makes the invasive examination dangerous. This study was set to determine that the clinical features are for the diagnosis of CJD through a comparison study. We compared clinical features of two cases with initial diagnosis of sporadic CJD. One case was finally diagnosed as definite sporadic CJD. According to World Health Organization diagnosis criteria, the other one, which had been diagnosed as probable sporadic CJD, was confirmed as limbic encephalitis after long-term follow-up. Compared with the case of definite sporadic CJD, the misdiagnosed case did not present typical electroencephalogram (EEG) and diffusion-weighted in magnetic resonance images (DWI) of CJD. However, cerebrospinal fluid in the misdiagnosed patient showed 14-3-3 protein positivity. The patient conditions improved after treatment. Through this case comparison, we conclude that EEG and DWI are necessary for accurate diagnosis of sporadic CJD. Further, long-term follow-up is crucial to diagnosis and treatment of CJD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Yan An University Xianyang Hospital, Wenlin Road, Xianyang, 712000, China. zhaoxfmd@163.com.
authors.forename: Xiongfei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Navy General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China.
authors.forename: Yingxin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Yan An University Xianyang Hospital, Wenlin Road, Xianyang, 712000, China.
authors.forename: Zhiru
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Yan An University Xianyang Hospital, Wenlin Road, Xianyang, 712000, China.
authors.forename: Jiaping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D048948:14-3-3 Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D007562:Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D004569:Electroencephalography; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D048948:14-3-3 Proteins; D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: 14-3-3 protein; Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease; Diffusion-weighted imaging; Electroencephalography; Prion disease