title: In vitro antimicrobial analysis of aqueous humor after topical application of moxifloxacin hydrochloride 0.5%.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activity of aqueous humor in patients who had preoperative topical application of moxifloxacin hydrochloride 0.5%.
  
  
  METHODS
  Department of Ophthalmology, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, Brazil.
  
  
  METHODS
  Comparative case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-nine eyes from 29 cataract surgery patients were included in this study. In the study group (n = 15 eyes), 3 topical applications of moxifloxacin hydrochloride 0.5% were administered preoperatively; in the control group (n = 14 eyes), no topical applications were administered. Aqueous humor samples were collected and stored in sterile microtubes at -80°C until analysis. Antimicrobial analysis was performed using standard strains with standard sterile filter paper disks. Inhibition halos were measured in millimeters, and both bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Inhibition halos were observed on most of the study group plates except those with Streptococcus pneumoniae: Escherichia coli (13.93 mm ± 0.64 [SD]), Klebsiella pneumoniae (10.63 ± 0.61 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (7.47 ± 0.68 mm), and S epidermidis (4.20 ± 3.33 mm) The differences between the mean inhibition halo diameters were statistically significant (P < .0001) in all samples. No bactericidal effect was observed against any of the microorganisms studied.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After topical application of moxifloxacin 0.5%, aqueous humor showed bacteriostatic effect against E coli, K pneumoniae, S aureus, and S epidermidis. No bactericidal effect was observed against any of the microorganisms evaluated. No antimicrobial effect against S pneumoniae was observed.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  No author has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Ophthalmology (de Miranda, Moscovici, Malavazzi, Hida), Ocular Tissue Bank (Hida), the Department of Microbiology (Silva, Mimica), Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, and the Department of Ophthalmology (Hida), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aline P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: de Miranda
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Ophthalmology (de Miranda, Moscovici, Malavazzi, Hida), Ocular Tissue Bank (Hida), the Department of Microbiology (Silva, Mimica), Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, and the Department of Ophthalmology (Hida), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cely B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Ophthalmology (de Miranda, Moscovici, Malavazzi, Hida), Ocular Tissue Bank (Hida), the Department of Microbiology (Silva, Mimica), Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, and the Department of Ophthalmology (Hida), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lycia M J
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Mimica
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Ophthalmology (de Miranda, Moscovici, Malavazzi, Hida), Ocular Tissue Bank (Hida), the Department of Microbiology (Silva, Mimica), Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, and the Department of Ophthalmology (Hida), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bernardo K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Moscovici
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Ophthalmology (de Miranda, Moscovici, Malavazzi, Hida), Ocular Tissue Bank (Hida), the Department of Microbiology (Silva, Mimica), Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, and the Department of Ophthalmology (Hida), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gustavo R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Malavazzi
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Ophthalmology (de Miranda, Moscovici, Malavazzi, Hida), Ocular Tissue Bank (Hida), the Department of Microbiology (Silva, Mimica), Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, and the Department of Ophthalmology (Hida), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: ryhida@mandic.com.br.
authors.forename: Richard Y
authors.initials: RY
authors.lastname: Hida
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000502:physiology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D002387:Cataract Extraction; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D000077266:Moxifloxacin; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D000077266:Moxifloxacin