title: The neuronal architecture of the mushroom body provides a logic for associative learning.
abstract: We identified the neurons comprising the Drosophila mushroom body (MB), an associative center in invertebrate brains, and provide a comprehensive map describing their potential connections. Each of the 21 MB output neuron (MBON) types elaborates segregated dendritic arbors along the parallel axons of ∼2000 Kenyon cells, forming 15 compartments that collectively tile the MB lobes. MBON axons project to five discrete neuropils outside of the MB and three MBON types form a feedforward network in the lobes. Each of the 20 dopaminergic neuron (DAN) types projects axons to one, or at most two, of the MBON compartments. Convergence of DAN axons on compartmentalized Kenyon cell-MBON synapses creates a highly ordered unit that can support learning to impose valence on sensory representations. The elucidation of the complement of neurons of the MB provides a comprehensive anatomical substrate from which one can infer a functional logic of associative olfactory learning and memory.
authors.affiliation: Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, United States.
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Aso
authors.affiliation: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University, New York, United States.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hattori
authors.affiliation: Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, United States.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, United States.
authors.forename: Rebecca M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Johnston
authors.affiliation: Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, United States.
authors.forename: Nirmala A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Iyer
authors.affiliation: Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, United States.
authors.forename: Teri-T B
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Ngo
authors.affiliation: Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, United States.
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dionne
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, United States.
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Abbott
authors.affiliation: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University, New York, United States.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Axel
authors.affiliation: Tohuku University Graduate School of Life Sciences, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiromu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanimoto
authors.affiliation: Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, United States.
authors.forename: Gerald M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Rubin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001245:Association Learning; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D002451:Cell Compartmentation; D048430:Cell Shape; D003712:Dendrites / Q000378:metabolism; D059290:Dopaminergic Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008128:Logic; D008959:Models, Neurological; D024521:Mushroom Bodies / Q000166:cytology* / Q000294:innervation*; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D009833:Olfactory Pathways / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D011984:Sensory Receptor Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D012903:Smell / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins
keywords: D. melanogaster; associative memory; dopamine; mushroom body; neuronal circuits; neuroscience; olfactory learning; plasticity