title: Portrait representation of postmenopausal women's experiences of living with urinary incontinence.
abstract: This study explored the meaning of the experiences of community-dwelling postmenopausal women who were born and grew up in a Muslim country when drawing a picture about their lived experiences of urinary incontinence. Hermeneutic phenomenology underpinned the study's interpretive research approach. In-depth, semistructured interviews were conducted in two sessions with nine postmenopausal women. The participants were asked to draw a picture about their lived experiences of urinary incontinence in a self-portrait. Three themes emerged to illuminate the meaning of urinary incontinence, including "disruption of normal functioning," "self-imposed restrictions," and "feeling of despair." Discussion of these themes was presented, and practice and research implications were suggested.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Reproductive Health and Geriatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
authors.forename: Minoo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pakgohar
authors.forename: Tengku-Aizan
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Hamid
authors.forename: Rahimah
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
authors.forename: Marzieh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vahid-Dastjerdi
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D066297:Hermeneutics; D006801:Humans; D017698:Postmenopause; D011788:Quality of Life; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: hermeneutic phenomenology; lived experience; postmenopausal women; self-portrait; urinary incontinence