title: Ants show a leftward turning bias when exploring unknown nest sites.
abstract: Behavioural lateralization in invertebrates is an important field of study because it may provide insights into the early origins of lateralization seen in a diversity of organisms. Here, we present evidence for a leftward turning bias in Temnothorax albipennis ants exploring nest cavities and in branching mazes, where the bias is initially obscured by thigmotaxis (wall-following) behaviour. Forward travel with a consistent turning bias in either direction is an effective nest exploration method, and a simple decision-making heuristic to employ when faced with multiple directional choices. Replication of the same bias at the colony level would also reduce individual predation risk through aggregation effects, and may lead to a faster attainment of a quorum threshold for nest migration. We suggest the turning bias may be the result of an evolutionary interplay between vision, exploration and migration factors, promoted by the ants' eusociality.
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Life Sciences Building, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK edmund.hunt@bristol.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Edmund R
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9647-124X
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Hunt
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Life Sciences Building, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5537-2659
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: O'Shea-Wheller
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, The Tinbergen Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK.
authors.forename: Gregory F
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6260-2662
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Albery
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Life Sciences Building, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK.
authors.forename: Tamsyn H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Bridger
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Life Sciences Building, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK.
authors.forename: Mike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gumn
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Life Sciences Building, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK.
authors.forename: Nigel R
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8139-9604
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Franks
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001000:Ants / Q000502:physiology*; D001522:Behavior, Animal
keywords: Temnothorax albipennis; exploration; lateralization; mazes; thigmotaxis; turning bias