title: [Real-world analysis of concurrent diseases and medicine use among patients with insomnia].
abstract: This study aims to explore and analyze the condition of concurrent diseases and medicine use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and western medicine among the patients with insomnia. One thousand and sxity seven cases of data from 20 national hospitals' hospital information system (HIS) databases were collected. The frequent concurrent diseases included hypertension (26.9%), brain blood supply insufficiency (24.93%), cerebral infarction (19.49%), blood lipoprotein disturbance (15.28%), coronary heart disease (14.15%), headache (10.68%), chronic gastritis (8.81%), type 2 diabetes mellitus (7.87%), depressive disorder (7.4%) and anxiety disorder (6.65%). The 10 most frequently-used western drugs included alprazolam (35.99%), aspirin (25.4%), olanzapine (24.18%), cinepazide (23.06%), flupentixol & melitracen (18.74%), zolpidem (18.37%), oxiracetam (15.65%), estazolam (15%), aniracetam (13.4%) and piracetam (13.31%). The 10 most frequently-used TCM included Shuxuening injection (16.4%), Shuxuetong injection (15.18%), extract of ginkgo biloba leaf (14.71%), gastrodin (12.46%), Dengzanxixin injection (11.34%), Xueshuantong (8.53%), Danhong injection (6.37%), compound liquorice tablet (5.81%), Sanqi Tongshu capsule (5.72%) and sowthistle-leaf ixeridium injection (5.34%). Among all combined uses, the most frequent western drug use was alprazolam and olanzapine, while combined use of hypnotic drug and Huoxuehuayu formula is the most frequent. This study concludes that the concurrent diseases mainly include cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, metabolic disorders and anxiety-depression disorders, with increasing tendency of diseases types by ages, especially for cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. The most frequently-used hypnotic is alprazolam in the insomnia patients, and it is worth being concerned about the off-label use of olanzapine as an antipsychotic for the treatment of insomnia However, due to the fact that all cases data are from the inpatients, these findings have some limitations.
authors.forename: Jie-Feng
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yan-Ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.forename: Yong-Yan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000525:Alprazolam / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006261:Headache / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional; D008875:Middle Aged; D000077152:Olanzapine; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; C578963:shuxuening; C532053:shuxuetong; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D000077152:Olanzapine; D000525:Alprazolam