title: Mosaicism and uniparental disomy in prenatal diagnosis.
abstract: Chromosomal mosaicism is the presence of numerous cell lines with different chromosomal complements in the same individual. Uniparental disomy (UPD) is the inheritance of two homologous chromosomes from the same parent. These genetic anomalies arise from errors in meiosis and/or mitosis and can occur independently or in combination. Due to the formation mechanisms of UPD, low-level or undetected mosaicisms are assumed for a significant number of UPD cases. The pre- and postnatal clinical consequences of mosaicism for chromosomal aberrations and/or UPD depend on the gene content of the involved chromosome. In prenatal evaluation of chromosomal mosaicism and UPD, genetic counseling should be offered before any laboratory testing.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Human Genetics, RWTH University Hospital, Aachen, Germany. Electronic address: teggermann@ukaachen.de.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Eggermann
authors.affiliation: Institute of Human Genetics, RWTH University Hospital, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Lukas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Soellner
authors.affiliation: Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Buiting
authors.affiliation: Division of Human Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kotzot
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009030:Mosaicism; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis; D024182:Uniparental Disomy / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics
keywords: aneuploidy; genetic counseling; genetic testing; mosaicism; prenatal diagnosis; uniparental disomy