title: Oxidative damage induced by heat stress could be relieved by nitric oxide in Trichoderma harzianum LTR-2.
abstract: Trichoderma harzianum is an important commercial biocontrol fungal agent. The temperature has been shown to be an important parameter and strain-specific to the mycelia growth of fungi, but less report makes the known of the mechanisms in T. harzianum. In our study, a 6-h treatment of heat increased the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and nitric oxide (NO) concentration in mycelia to 212 and 230 % the level of the control, respectively. The exogenous NO donor sodium nitroprusside (150 μM) reduced the TBARS concentration to 53 % of that under heat stress (HS). At the same time, the NO-specific scavenger at 250 μM, 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-1-oxyl-3-oxide, prevented the exogenous NO-relieved TBARS accumulation under HS. The increased NO concentration under HS was reduced 41 % by the NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor L-N(G)-nitroarginine methyl ester, but not the nitrate reductase (NR) inhibitor tungstate. Our study exhibited that NO can protect the mycelia of T. harzianum from HS and reduce the oxidative damage by enhancing the activity of NOS and NR.
authors.affiliation: Biology Institute, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Zijun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Zhe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hongzi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yanli
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Jishun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xinjian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Harvey
authors.forename: Hetong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D006358:Hot Temperature; D025282:Mycelium / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D050901:Nitrate Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D014242:Trichoderma / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects*
chemical_list: D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D050901:Nitrate Reductase