title: Validity of an adapted scoring method for a Modified Six Elements Test in individuals with brain injury.
abstract: The Modified Six Elements Test (MSET) assesses several executive functions. We examined whether an adapted scoring method is appropriate for discriminating between brain-injured persons with and without executive deficits. A MSET was administered to 70 participants with acquired brain injury in the chronic phase. The group was divided into individuals with and without executive impairments based on several other executive tests. The discriminative value for both the conventional raw score and the adapted scoring method was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic analyses. Both scoring methods discriminated significantly between persons with impaired and unimpaired executive functions (raw score: area under the curve, AUC = 0.703, p = .004; adapted score: AUC = 0.780, p = .000). Only the adapted scoring method proved sensitive (81%) and specific (67%) within a clinically useful range. Within this range, an acceptable cut-off score could be determined. Altogether, the proposed MSET scoring index is a potentially clinically useful contribution to the measurement of executive functions.
authors.affiliation: Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen 6500 HE, The Netherlands d.bertens@donders.ru.nl dirkbertens.np@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bertens
authors.affiliation: Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen 6500 HE, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Nikita
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Frankenmolen
authors.affiliation: Rehabilitation Medical Centre Groot Klimmendaal, Arnhem 6813 GG, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Danielle H E
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Boelen
authors.affiliation: Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen 6500 HE, The Netherlands Department of Medical Psychology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525 GA, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Roy P C
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Kessels
authors.affiliation: Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen 6500 HE, The Netherlands Rehabilitation Medical Centre Groot Klimmendaal, Arnhem 6813 GG, The Netherlands SIZA Support and Rehabilitation, Arnhem 6816 RP, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Luciano
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fasotti
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D056344:Executive Function / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012372:ROC Curve; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Acquired brain injury; Executive functions; Modified Six Elements Test; Neuropsychological assessment