title: Influence of antimuscarinic therapy on cognitive functions and quality of life in geriatric patients treated for overactive bladder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Incidences of overactive bladder (OAB) and cognitive dysfunction increase with aging. Treatment of OAB with antimuscarinic agents may result in cognitive decline, especially in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of antimuscarinic treatment on cognitive functions, depression, and quality of life (QOL) of patients with OAB.
  
  
  METHODS
  This non-interventional prospective observational study was conducted in a geriatric medicine outpatient clinic. Overall, 168 OAB patients were enrolled. Patients were followed up in five groups: oxybutynin, darifenacin, tolterodine, trospium, and control groups. Follow-up visits were done at second, third, and sixth months. Comprehensive geriatric assessment, cognitive and mood assessment, QOL scales (IIQ-7, UDI-6) were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age of the patients was 73.5 ± 6.1. Of the 168 patients, 92.3% were female, 83.3% benefited from the treatment, and 37.1% discontinued the medication. Discontinuation rate and frequency of side effects were more frequent in the oxybutynin group. Mini Mental State Examination scores did not decline after treatment, even in AD patients. Geriatric Depression Scale scores, Activities of Daily Living scores, and QOL scores significantly improved after treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Antimuscarinic agents are effective in OAB treatment. They have a positive impact on daily life activities, depression, and QOL indices. Furthermore, they do not have a negative effect on cognitive function in older adults with or without AD.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine , Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey.
authors.forename: Ece
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Esin
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ergen
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cankurtaran
authors.forename: Burcu Balam
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Yavuz
authors.forename: Meltem
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Halil
authors.forename: Zekeriya
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ulger
authors.forename: Yusuf
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yeşil
authors.forename: Mehmet Emin
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Kuyumcu
authors.forename: Munevver
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ozcan
authors.forename: Eylem
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cankurtaran
authors.forename: Servet
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ariogul
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000523:psychology; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D001561:Benzilates / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced*; D003408:Cresols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D003863:Depression / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008333:Mandelic Acids / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009662:Nortropanes / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D010665:Phenylpropanolamine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D011759:Pyrrolidines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D000068737:Tolterodine Tartrate; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D053201:Urinary Bladder, Overactive / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D001561:Benzilates; D001572:Benzofurans; D003408:Cresols; D008333:Mandelic Acids; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; D009662:Nortropanes; D011759:Pyrrolidines; C003330:trospium chloride; D010665:Phenylpropanolamine; D000068737:Tolterodine Tartrate; C101207:darifenacin; C005419:oxybutynin
keywords: adverse effect; antimuscarinic; cognitive function; overactive bladder; treatment