title: Arterial Stiffness by Aerobic Exercise Is Related with Aerobic Capacity, Physical Activity Energy Expenditure and Total Fat but not with Insulin Sensitivity in Obese Female Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Arterial stiffness is an important factor in atherosclerosis. Thus we examined whether aerobic exercise could reduce arterial stiffness in obese women with type 2 diabetes without diabetic complication.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 35 women with type 2 diabetes (body mass index, 26.6±2.8 kg/m(2); age, 56.4±1.9 years; duration of diabetes, 4.7±4.8 years) were assigned to aerobic exercise group (AEG) or control group (CG). AEG completed a 12-week exercise program (3.6 to 5.2 metabolic equivalents, 3 day/week, 60 min/day), with their exercise activities monitored by accelerometers. We measured abdominal total fat area (TFA), visceral fat area (VFA), and subcutaneous fat area (SFA) by computed tomography, insulin sensitivity by insulin tolerance test (KITT), and augmentation index (AIx) by SphygmoCor at baseline and at the end of the 12-week program.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The AIx was improved in the AEG compared with the CG (P<0.001). The percent change of AIx had significant correlation with the improvement of physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE), aerobic capacity, TFA, and SFA (r=-0.416, P=0.013; r=0.560, P<0.001; r=0.489, P=0.003; r=0.531, P=0.001, respectively), but not with insulin sensitivity, energy intake, or VFA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Improvement in aortic stiffness by aerobic exercise is related with the improvement of aerobic capacity, PAEE, and total fat but not with insulin sensitivity or energy intake in obese women with type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Center, Eulji General Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Yeon
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung Wan
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Min
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Center, Eulji General Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hee Jung
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Center, Eulji General Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hwi Ryun
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Hyuk
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Kang Seo
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung Ah
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Han
keywords: Abdominal fat; Augmentation index; Diabetes mellitus, type 2; Moderate aerobic exercise; Vascular stiffness