title: The Fifth German Oral Health Study (Fünfte Deutsche Mundgesundheitsstudie, DMS V) - rationale, design, and methods.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Oral diseases rank among the most prevalent non-communicable diseases in modern societies. In Germany, oral epidemiological data show that both dental caries and periodontal diseases are highly prevalent, though significant improvements in oral health has been taking in the population within the last decades, particularly in children. It is, therefore, the aim of the Fifth German Oral Health Study (DMS V) to actualize the data on current oral health status and to gather information on oral health behavior and risk factors. In addition to current oral health monitoring, the study will also permit conclusions about trends in the development of oral health in Germany between 1989 and 2014.
  
  
  METHODS
  DMS V is a cross-sectional, multi-center, nationwide representative, socio-epidemiological study to investigate the oral health status und behavior of the German resident population in four age cohorts. Study participants are children (12-year-olds), adults (35- to 44-year-olds), young olds (65- to 74-year-olds), and old olds (75- to 100-year-olds) who are drawn from local residents' registration offices. Social-science investigation parameters concern subjective perceptions and attitudes regarding oral health and nutrition, sense of coherence, and socio-demographic data. Clinical oral parameters are tooth loss, caries and periodontitis, prosthodontic status, further developmental and acquired dental hard tissue and mucosal lesions. To ensure reproducibility, the dental investigators are trained and calibrated by experts and multiple reliability checks are performed throughout the field phase. Statistical analyses are calculated according to a detailed statistical analysis plan.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The DMS studies first performed in 1989, 1992 and repeated in 1997 and 2005 are the only cross-sectional oral health studies conducted in Germany on a population-based national representative level. Updated prevalence and trend analyses of key oral diseases are, therefore, of major epidemiological and health services research interest.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  German Health Services Research Data Bank VfD_DMSV_13_002152.
authors.affiliation: Institute of German Dentists (IDZ), Universitaetsstrasse 73, 50931, Cologne, Germany. r.jordan@idz-koeln.de.
authors.forename: Rainer A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Jordan
authors.affiliation: Kantar Health GmbH, Munich, Germany. constanze.bodechtel@kantarhealth.com.
authors.forename: Constanze
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bodechtel
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany. hertrampf@mkg.uni-kiel.de.
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hertrampf
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Medicine, Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany. thomas.hoffmann@uniklinikum-dresden.de.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.affiliation: Unit of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ernst Moritz Arndt University Medicine, Greifswald, Germany. kocher@uni-greifswald.de.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kocher
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Geriatric and Special Care Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. ina.nitschke@zzm.uzh.ch.
authors.forename: Ina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nitschke
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative and Preventive Dentistry, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. schiffner@uke.uni-hamburg.de.
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Schiffner
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Preclinical Education, and Dental Materials Science, Rhenish Friedrich Wilhemls University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. helmut.stark@uni-bonn.de.
authors.forename: Helmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Stark
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany. stefan.zimmer@uni-wh.de.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zimmer
authors.affiliation: Institute of German Dentists (IDZ), Universitaetsstrasse 73, 50931, Cologne, Germany. w.micheelis@idz-koeln.de.
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Micheelis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001294:Attitude to Health; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000453:epidemiology; D003753:Dental Health Surveys; D017266:Dental Prosthesis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016021:Epidemiologic Studies; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D009909:Oral Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000453:epidemiology; D011159:Population Surveillance; D015995:Prevalence; D012649:Self Concept; D060685:Sense of Coherence; D014076:Tooth Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016388:Tooth Loss / Q000453:epidemiology