title: Internal photoemission in molecular junctions: parameters for interfacial barrier determinations.
abstract: The photocurrent spectra for large-area molecular junctions are reported, where partially transparent copper top contacts permit illumination by UV-vis light. The effect of variation of the molecular structure and thickness are discussed. Internal photoemission (IPE), a process involving optical excitation of hot carriers in the contacts followed by transport across internal system barriers, is dominant when the molecular component does not absorb light. The IPE spectrum contains information regarding energy level alignment within a complete, working molecular junction, with the photocurrent sign indicating transport through either the occupied or unoccupied molecular orbitals. At photon energies where the molecular layer absorbs, a secondary phenomenon is operative in addition to IPE. In order to distinguish IPE from this secondary mechanism, we show the effect of the source intensity as well as the thickness of the molecular layer on the observed photocurrent. Our results clearly show that the IPE mechanism can be differentiated from the secondary mechanism by the effects of variation of experimental parameters. We conclude that IPE can provide valuable information regarding interfacial energetics in intact, working molecular junctions, including clear discrimination of charge transport mediated by electrons through unoccupied system orbitals from that mediated by hole transport through occupied system orbitals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Drive Northwest, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada.
authors.forename: Jerry A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Fereiro
authors.forename: Mykola
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kondratenko
authors.forename: Adam Johan
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Bergren
authors.forename: Richard L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: McCreery