title: Toxic effects of methamidophos on paraoxonase 1 activity and on rat kidney and liver and ameliorating effects of alpha-tocopherol.
abstract: The role of alpha-tocopherol on nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity induced by methamidophos (MT) was investigated in wistar rats. Animals were given via gavage, for four weeks, a low dose of MT (MT1), a high dose of MT (MT2), vitamin E (200 mg/kg of bw) or both MT2 plus vitamin E (Vit E) and control group was given distillate water. MT treatment resulted in a significant decrease in the body weight of MT2-treated group. Moreover, MT-treated groups had significantly lower butyrylcholinesterase (p < 0.01) and paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activities compared with the control group (p < 0.05). However, MT2-treated group had significantly higher alkaline phosphatase activity compared with untreated rats (p < 0.05). Both MT-treated groups had significantly higher urea (p < 0.01) and uric acid levels (p < 0.05) compared with the control group. However, significant low uric acid level (p < 0.05) was noted in MT2 plus vit E-treated rats compared with MT2-treated group. Histopathological changes in organ tissues were observed in both MT-treated groups and MT2 plus vit E-treated rats. However, the damage was reduced in MT2 plus vit E-treated rats. Therefore, this study deduces that alpha-tocopherol administration may ameliorate the adverse effects of subacute exposure to MT on rat liver and kidney and this antioxidant can protect PON1 from oxidative stress induced by this organophosphorus pesticide. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 842-854, 2016.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biochemistry UR 12/ES/08, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Tunisia.|Laboratory of Biochemistry-Toxicology, University Hospital Fattouma Bourguiba Monastir, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Manel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Araoud
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biochemistry-Toxicology, University Hospital Fattouma Bourguiba Monastir, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Fadoua
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Neffeti
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biochemistry-Toxicology, University Hospital Fattouma Bourguiba Monastir, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Wahiba
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Douki
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biochemistry UR 12/ES/08, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Lamia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Khaled
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biochemistry-Toxicology, University Hospital Fattouma Bourguiba Monastir, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Mohamed Fadhel
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Najjar
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biochemistry UR 12/ES/08, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Abderraouf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kenani
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Histology-Cytology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Zohra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Houas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002091:Butyrylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D007306:Insecticides; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds; D014527:Uric Acid; C014655:methamidophos; C572204:Pon1 protein, rat; D002091:Butyrylcholinesterase; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol
keywords: alpha-tocopherol; biochemical and histopathological alterations; liver and kidney; methamidophos; organophosphorus pesticides; paraoxonase 1