title: Adapting health promotion interventions for ethnic minority groups: a qualitative study.
abstract: Adaptation of health interventions has garnered international support across academic disciplines and among various health organizations. Through semi-structured interviews, we sought to explore and understand the perspectives of 26 health researchers and promoters located in the USA, UK, Australia, New Zealand and Norway, working with ethnic minority populations, specifically African-, South Asian- and Chinese-origin populations in the areas of smoking cessation, increasing physical activity and healthy eating, to better understand how adaptation works in practice. We drew on the concepts of intersectionality, representation and context from feminist, sociology and human geography literature, respectively, to help us understand how adaptations for ethnic groups approach the variable of ethnicity. Findings include (i) the intersections of ethnicity and demographic variables such as age and gender highlight the different ways in which people interact, interpret and participate in adapted interventions; (ii) the representational elements of ethnicity such as ancestry or religion are more complexly lived than they are defined in adapted interventions and (iii) the contextual experiences surrounding ethnicity considerations shape the receptivity, durability and continuity of adapted interventions. In conclusion, leveraging the experience and expertise of health researchers and promoters in light of three social science concepts has deepened our understanding of how adaptation works in principle and in practice for ethnic minority populations.
authors.affiliation: Edinburgh Migration, Ethnicity and Health Research Group, Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK jingjing.liu@mail.utoronto.ca.
authors.forename: Jing Jing
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Edinburgh Migration, Ethnicity and Health Research Group, Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK.
authors.forename: Emma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Davidson
authors.affiliation: Edinburgh Migration, Ethnicity and Health Research Group, Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK.
authors.forename: Raj
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bhopal
authors.affiliation: Institute of Health and Society and Fuse, UKCRC Centre for Translational Research in Public Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: White
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: Institute of Social Policy, Housing, Environment and Real Estate (I-SPHERE), Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh EH10 5AN, UK.
authors.forename: Gina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Netto
authors.affiliation: Edinburgh Migration, Ethnicity and Health Research Group, Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK.
authors.forename: Aziz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sheikh
mesh_terms: D054521:Cultural Competency; D003469:Culture; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008913:Minority Groups / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology; D036301:Qualitative Research
keywords: adaptation; ethnicity; health; intervention