title: Parallel electrochemical treatment system and application for identifying acid-stable oxygen evolution electrocatalysts.
abstract: Many energy technologies require electrochemical stability or preactivation of functional materials. Due to the long experiment duration required for either electrochemical preactivation or evaluation of operational stability, parallel screening is required to enable high throughput experimentation. Imposing operational electrochemical conditions to a library of materials in parallel creates several opportunities for experimental artifacts. We discuss the electrochemical engineering principles and operational parameters that mitigate artifacts in the parallel electrochemical treatment system. We also demonstrate the effects of resistive losses within the planar working electrode through a combination of finite element modeling and illustrative experiments. Operation of the parallel-plate, membrane-separated electrochemical treatment system is demonstrated by exposing a composition library of mixed-metal oxides to oxygen evolution conditions in 1 M sulfuric acid for 2 h. This application is particularly important because the electrolysis and photoelectrolysis of water are promising future energy technologies inhibited by the lack of highly active, acid-stable catalysts containing only earth abundant elements.
authors.affiliation: Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States.
authors.forename: Ryan J R
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Aniketa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shinde
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Guevarra
authors.forename: Chengxiang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.forename: Joel A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Haber
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gregoire
mesh_terms: D000143:Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D002384:Catalysis; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques; D010100:Oxygen / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000143:Acids; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: combinatorial electrochemistry; electrochemical stability; high throughput; oxygen evolution; solar fuels