title: Simultaneous detection of perchlorate and bromate using rapid high-performance ion exchange chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and perchlorate removal in drinking water.
abstract: Perchlorate and bromate occurrence in drinking water causes health concerns due to their effects on thyroid function and carcinogenicity, respectively. The purpose of this study was threefold: (1) to advance a sensitive method for simultaneous rapid detection of perchlorate and bromate in drinking water system, (2) to systematically study the occurrence of these two contaminants in Missouri drinking water treatment systems, and (3) to examine effective sorbents for minimizing perchlorate in drinking water. A rapid high-performance ion exchange chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPIC-MS/MS) method was advanced for simultaneous detection of perchlorate and bromate in drinking water. The HPIC-MS/MS method was rapid, required no preconcentration of the water samples, and had detection limits for perchlorate and bromate of 0.04 and 0.01 μg/L, respectively. The method was applied to determine perchlorate and bromate concentrations in total of 23 selected Missouri drinking water treatment systems during differing seasons. The water systems selected include different source waters: groundwater, lake water, river water, and groundwater influenced by surface water. The concentrations of perchlorate and bromate were lower than or near to method detection limits in most of the drinking water samples monitored. The removal of perchlorate by various adsorbents was studied. A cationic organoclay (TC-99) exhibited effective removal of perchlorate from drinking water matrices.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, 400 West 11th Street, Rolla, MO, 65409, USA.
authors.forename: Danielle M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: West
authors.forename: Ruipu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mu
authors.forename: Sanjeewa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gamagedara
authors.forename: Yinfa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Craig
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.forename: Todd
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Eichholz
authors.forename: Joel G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Burken
authors.forename: Honglan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D001959:Bromates / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange / Q000379:methods; D060766:Drinking Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008923:Missouri; D010472:Perchlorates / Q000032:analysis*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D001959:Bromates; D060766:Drinking Water; D010472:Perchlorates; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C494474:perchlorate