title: Analog study investigating diary assessments of rewards and punishments for emotional states.
abstract: Behavioral Activation is a treatment for depression relying on rewards from activities; but it is possible that the effects of punishments should also be considered, as should its generalizability to the healthy population. Effect of rewards and punishments on emotional states and depression were investigated by using the daily diary method. Participants (7 men, 21 women; M age = 19.4 yr.) recorded their daily activities and the intensity of rewards and punishments accompanying each activity for one week. Positive and negative affects of participants were assessed using the Japanese version of the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule. Multiple regression analysis indicated that both rewards and punishments predicted depressive symptoms. Moreover, rewards (but not punishments) predicted positive affect, whereas punishments predicted negative affects (and rewards did not). These preliminary results suggest that the effects of both rewards and punishments given for activities should be considered in models of behavioral activation.
authors.affiliation: 1 Graduate School of Psychology, Chukyo University.
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shudo
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakai
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000523:psychology*; D000293:Adolescent; D000339:Affect; D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D011614:Psychotherapy, Brief / Q000379:methods*; D011678:Punishment; D012008:Recurrence; D012201:Reward; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult