title: Effects of maternal exposure to the galactagogue Sulpiride on reproductive parameters in female rats.
abstract: The antipsychotic Sulpiride has been documented as an effective galactagogue that acts blocking dopamine receptors, increasing prolactin concentrations. However, this drug passes through the milk exposing neonates during postnatal development, which may result in functional and morphological alterations in adult life. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether maternal exposure to Sulpiride during lactation could impair reproductive development of female offspring. The dams were treated daily by gavage with Sulpiride doses of 2.5mg/Kg (SUL 2.5mg group) and 25mg/Kg (SUL 25mg group), or distilled water (Control group) throughout the lactation period. During early life, body weight, anogenital distance, and vaginal opening were analyzed on the female offspring. In adulthood, estrous cycle, sexual behavior, estrogen levels as well as the weight of the reproductive organs were evaluated. There were no differences regarding body weight, anogenital distance, puberty onset, frequency and duration of the estrous cycle and estradiol levels on female offspring. Nonetheless, there were changes in sexual behavior. There was an increase in the number of observations in reflex magnitude 0 (absence of lordosis) and reflex magnitude 2 as well as a reduction of reflex magnitude 3 in the rats of SUL 25mg group in relation to the Control group, suggesting a decrease in sexual receptivity of these animals. These results demonstrate that maternal exposure to Sulpiride can alter reproductive function in female offspring rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Londrina, 86051-980 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Nathália
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: de Azevedo Camin
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Londrina, 86051-980 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Milene Leivas
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Vieira
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Londrina, 86051-980 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bruno Garcia
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Montagnini
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Botucatu Biosciences Institute, São Paulo State University, 18618-970 Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Carolina Inhasz
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Kiss
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Londrina, 86051-980 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil. Electronic address: dcgerardin@uel.br.
authors.forename: Daniela Cristina Ceccatto
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Gerardin
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D030762:Estrous Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D056669:Galactogogues / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007774:Lactation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D018811:Maternal Exposure; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D012726:Sexual Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D013469:Sulpiride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014621:Vagina / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D056669:Galactogogues; D004958:Estradiol; D013469:Sulpiride
keywords: Dopaminergic antagonist; Estrous cycle; Rat; Sexual behavior