title: [Resveratrol alleviates oxidative injury from high glucose-induced human lens epithelial cells and its possible mechanism].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects and its mechanism of resveratrol against human lens epithelial cells (LEC) apoptosis mediated by high glucose-induced oxidative injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  An experimental study. LEC were cultured in different concentrations (5.5, 15.0, 25.0, 35.0, 45.0 mmol/L) of glucose medium or 25.0 mmol/L glucose medium at different time (0, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 h), and established an interventional models of (5.0, 15.0, 25.0, 35.0 mg/L) resveratrol. Av-FITC-PI (annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate-propidium iodium) was used to detect apoptosis. The amount of ROS was calculated by flow cytometry. The expression of apoptosis of the protein Bcl-2 and Bax, iNOS, NF-κB, IκB and MnSOD were showed by Western blotting and the amount of oxidative damage marker MDA was explored by Spectrometers and Analytical Photometers. Differences between the two groups were evaluated by One-way ANOVA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The apoptosis of LEC induced by high glucose was time-and dose-dependent obviously. As the glucose concentration increased and duration prolonged, the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was decreased and pro-apoptotic protein Bax was increased.Intracellular ROS and MDA induced by high glucose were increased significantly with dose-and time-dependence. Compared with 5.5 mmol/L group, ROS generation increased significantly in the concentration of 15.0 mmol/L (F = 14.06, P = 0.035), 25.0 mmol/L (F = 17.46, P = 0.000), 35.0 mmol/L (F = 16.58, P = 0.001), 45.0 mmol/L (F = 12.88, P = 0.000) and were statistically significant. Compared with 5.5 mmol/L glucose cultured group, ROS generation increased significantly at 6 h (F = 6.778, P = 0.014), 12 h (F = 6.551, P = 0.001), 24 h (F = 7.327, P = 0.001), 48 h (F = 10.84, P = 0.000), 72 h (F = 13.36, P = 0.000) in LEC cultured group by 25.0 mmol/L glucose and were statistically significant. Compared with 5.5 mmol/L group, the content of MDA were significantly increased in 15.0 mmol/L (F = 1.177, P = 0.035), 25.0 mmol/L (F = 1.704, P = 0.000), 35.0 mmol/L (F = 2.412, P = 0.001) and 45.0 mmol/L (F = 2.347, P = 0.000) glucose medium and were statistically significant. Compared with 5.5 mmol/L cultured group, the content of MDA were significantly increased at 6 h (F = 1.704, P = 0.014), 12 h (F = 5.676, P = 0.001), 24 h (F = 3.325, P = 0.001), 48 h (F = 6.669, P = 0.000), 72 h (F = 3.011, P = 0.000) in LEC cultured group by 25.0 mmol/L high glucose and were statistically significant. When resveratrol (5.0, 15.0, 25.0, 35.0 mg/L) was added to 25.0 mmol/L glucose medium, respectively, the apoptotic cells were decreased, the expression of pro-apoptotic protein Bax was decreased and anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was increased.Intracellular ROS (compared with the basic concentration of 5.5 mmol/L, F values were 14.76, 7.018, 13.96, 4.733, 1.921, P values were 0.000, 0.000, 0.003, 0.086, 0.100 respectively) and MDA (compared with the basic concentration of 5.5 mmol/L, F values were 2.454, 1.108, 1.630, 1.563, 2.250, P values were 0.000, 0.001, 0.026, 0.068, 0.183 respectively) were decreased. MnSOD expression was increased, iNOS and NF-κB activation were inhibited.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Resveratrol could alleviates oxidative injury from high glucose-induced LEC, and inhibited of iNOS-mediated oxidative damage through inhibiting the activities of NF-κB could be the mechanism of this effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, the Fourth People's Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang 110031, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, the Fourth People's Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang 110031, China. Email: snowysuneye@163.com.
authors.forename: Xiaonan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017209:Apoptosis; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D003683:Dehydroascorbic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D005947:Glucose; D006801:Humans; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000032:analysis; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000032:analysis; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000032:analysis*; D000077185:Resveratrol; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000032:analysis; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000032:analysis; D000099156:Superoxide Dismutase 2
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D003683:Dehydroascorbic Acid; D005947:Glucose; D016328:NF-kappa B; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D000077185:Resveratrol; D013267:Stilbenes; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D000099156:Superoxide Dismutase 2; C000820:semidehydroascorbic acid