title: Comparative evaluation of effectiveness of IAVchip DNA microarray in influenza A diagnosis.
abstract: The paper describes comparative evaluation of IAVchip DNA microarray, reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR), and real-time RT-PCR versus virus isolation in chicken embryos and shows their diagnostic effectiveness in detection and subtyping of influenza A virus. The tests were evaluated with use of 185 specimens from humans, animals, and birds. IAVchip DNA microarray demonstrates higher diagnostic effectiveness (99.45%) in early influenza A diagnosis as compared to the real-time PCR (98.38%) and RT-PCR (96.22%), thus showing its clear superiority. Diagnostic sensitivity of IAVchip DNA microarray (100%) exceeds the same of RT-PCR (95.95%) and real-time RT-PCR (97.96%) in the range of estimated confidence intervals. IAVchip DNA microarray and real-time RT-PCR displayed equal diagnostic specificity (98.85%), while diagnostic specificity of RT-PCR was 96.40%. IAVchip DNA microarray has an advantage over the other tests for influenza A diagnosis and virus identification as a more rapid method that allows performing simultaneous detection and subtyping of about tens of specimens within one experiment during 8-10 hours. The developed IAVchip DNA microarray is a general test tool that enables identifying simultaneously 16 hemagglutinin (HA) and 9 neuraminidase (NA) subtypes of influenza A virus and also to screen the influenza A viruses from humans, animals, and birds by M and NP genes.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems (RIBSP), Science Committee of Ministry of Education and Science of Republic of Kazakhstan, Gvardeiskiy, Kordaiskiy Rayon, Zhambylskaya Oblast 080409, Kazakhstan.
authors.forename: K T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Sultankulova
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems (RIBSP), Science Committee of Ministry of Education and Science of Republic of Kazakhstan, Gvardeiskiy, Kordaiskiy Rayon, Zhambylskaya Oblast 080409, Kazakhstan.
authors.forename: O V
authors.initials: OV
authors.lastname: Chervyakova
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems (RIBSP), Science Committee of Ministry of Education and Science of Republic of Kazakhstan, Gvardeiskiy, Kordaiskiy Rayon, Zhambylskaya Oblast 080409, Kazakhstan.
authors.forename: N S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Kozhabergenov
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems (RIBSP), Science Committee of Ministry of Education and Science of Republic of Kazakhstan, Gvardeiskiy, Kordaiskiy Rayon, Zhambylskaya Oblast 080409, Kazakhstan.
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Shorayeva
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems (RIBSP), Science Committee of Ministry of Education and Science of Republic of Kazakhstan, Gvardeiskiy, Kordaiskiy Rayon, Zhambylskaya Oblast 080409, Kazakhstan.
authors.forename: V M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Strochkov
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems (RIBSP), Science Committee of Ministry of Education and Science of Republic of Kazakhstan, Gvardeiskiy, Kordaiskiy Rayon, Zhambylskaya Oblast 080409, Kazakhstan.
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Orynbayev
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems (RIBSP), Science Committee of Ministry of Education and Science of Republic of Kazakhstan, Gvardeiskiy, Kordaiskiy Rayon, Zhambylskaya Oblast 080409, Kazakhstan.
authors.forename: N T
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Sandybayev
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems (RIBSP), Science Committee of Ministry of Education and Science of Republic of Kazakhstan, Gvardeiskiy, Kordaiskiy Rayon, Zhambylskaya Oblast 080409, Kazakhstan.
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Sansyzbay
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Influenza, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Prof. Popov Street 15/17, Saint Petersburg 197376, Russia.
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Vasin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001717:Birds / Q000821:virology; D057186:Comparative Effectiveness Research; D006801:Humans; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction