title: Xanthogranulomatous cystitis imitating bladder neoplasm: a case report and review of literature.
abstract: Xanthogranulomatous cystitis is a rare, benign chronic inflammatory disorder with unclear etiology. Since its similar features to bladder neoplasm, it is extremely easy to be mistaken for malignant tumor. We herein reported a case of xanthogranulomatous cystitis in a 54-year-old male who presented with low abdominal pain and painless, total macrohematuria. Microscopy showed proliferation of large foam histiocytes which expressed CD68 and vimentin. Ki-67 showed a lower proliferation index (< 10%). Histopathology and immunohistochemical findings confirmed the diagnosis. This case highlighted the significance of recognizing this unusual lesion and differentiating it from its histological mimics by immunohistochemical staining.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urinary Surgery, Tangshan Gongren Hospital Tangshan, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital to Hebei North University Zhangjiakou, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Xiang-Chun
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, 251 Hospital of PLA Zhangjiakou, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Li-Qiang
authors.initials: LQ
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Urinary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital to Hebei North University Zhangjiakou, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Wen-Long
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Miao
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D003556:Cystitis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor
keywords: CD68; Ki-67; Xanthogranulomatous cystitis; neoplasm; vimentin