title: A virtual screening approach for identifying plants with anti H5N1 neuraminidase activity.
abstract: Recent outbreaks of highly pathogenic and occasional drug-resistant influenza strains have highlighted the need to develop novel anti-influenza therapeutics. Here, we report computational and experimental efforts to identify influenza neuraminidase inhibitors from among the 3000 natural compounds in the Malaysian-Plants Natural-Product (NADI) database. These 3000 compounds were first docked into the neuraminidase active site. The five plants with the largest number of top predicted ligands were selected for experimental evaluation. Twelve specific compounds isolated from these five plants were shown to inhibit neuraminidase, including two compounds with IC50 values less than 92 μM. Furthermore, four of the 12 isolated compounds had also been identified in the top 100 compounds from the virtual screen. Together, these results suggest an effective new approach for identifying bioactive plant species that will further the identification of new pharmacologically active compounds from diverse natural-product resources.
authors.affiliation: Malaysian Institute of Pharmaceuticals and Nutraceuticals, Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation , Jalan Bukit Gambir, 11800, Penang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Nur Kusaira Khairul
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Ikram
authors.forename: Jacob D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Durrant
authors.forename: Muchtaridi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muchtaridi
authors.forename: Ayunni Salihah
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Zalaludin
authors.forename: Neny
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Purwitasari
authors.forename: Nornisah
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mohamed
authors.forename: Aisyah Saad Abdul
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Rahim
authors.forename: Chan Kit
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: Yahaya M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Normi
authors.forename: Noorsaadah Abd
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.forename: Rommie E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Amaro
authors.forename: Habibah A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Wahab
mesh_terms: D062126:Databases, Chemical; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D057166:High-Throughput Screening Assays / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D053124:Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype / Q000201:enzymology*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008296:Malaysia; D009439:Neuraminidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D044004:Xanthones / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D044004:Xanthones; C000596092:garcinone C; D009439:Neuraminidase