title: A comparison of dysfunctional voiding scores between patients with nocturnal enuresis and healthy children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare dysfunctional voiding symptom scores (DVSSs) between enuretic children and nonenuretic controls and to investigate associated factors that may affect DVSS.
  
  
  METHODS
  A questionnaire including demographic features, educational status of parents, DVSS questions, and urinary tract infection (UTI) history was designed. A total of 269 patients were included; Group 1 comprised 161 patients with no voiding symptoms and Group 2 comprised 108 patients with nocturnal enuresis (NE). Children with DVSS of greater than 8.5 were suspected to have dysfunctional voiding. The results were evaluated using SPSS 15.0 with Kruskal-Wallis and multivariate logistic regression tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median DVSS was 2 (interquartile range [IQR]: 1-3) in Group 1 and 8 (IQR: 5-12) in Group 2. The percentage of children with DVSS greater than 8.5 was 0.6% in Group 1 and 53.1% in Group 2 (P = 0.01). The percentage of children with UTI history was significantly higher in Group 2 (34.3%) than Group 1 (15.9%) (P = 0.03). An increase in the educational level of the father decreased DVSS by 0.5-fold. Presence of UTI history increased DVSS 2.5-fold.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The DVSS is a rapid, easy tool for determining abnormal voiding parameters in children. Children with NE had higher DVSSs, which was significantly affected by the father's educational status and the child's UTI history.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kırıkkale University, Turkey. ozlemboy80@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Özlem
authors.initials: Ö
authors.lastname: Boybeyi
authors.forename: Mustafa Kemal
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Aslan
authors.forename: Emine Gül
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Durmus
authors.forename: İsmail
authors.initials: İ
authors.lastname: Özmen
authors.forename: Tutku
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Soyer
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D053206:Nocturnal Enuresis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014554:Urination / Q000502:physiology*