title: Genetic characterization of Echinococcus granulosus from a large number of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples of human isolates in Iran.
abstract: Cystic echinococcosis (CE), caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus, presents an important medical and veterinary problem globally, including that in Iran. Different genotypes of E. granulosus have been reported from human isolates worldwide. This study identifies the genotype of the parasite responsible for human hydatidosis in three provinces of Iran using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples. In this study, 200 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples from human CE cases were collected from Alborz, Tehran, and Kerman provinces. Polymerase chain reaction amplification and sequencing of the partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene were performed for genetic characterization of the samples. Phylogenetic analysis of the isolates from this study and reference sequences of different genotypes was done using a maximum likelihood method. In total, 54.4%, 0.8%, 1%, and 40.8% of the samples were identified as the G1, G2, G3, and G6 genotypes, respectively. The findings of the current study confirm the G1 genotype (sheep strain) to be the most prevalent genotype involved in human CE cases in Iran and indicates the high prevalence of the G6 genotype with a high infectivity for humans. Furthermore, this study illustrates the first documented human CE case in Iran infected with the G2 genotype.
authors.affiliation: Medical Laboratory of Hazrat Ali Hospital, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran; Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Laboratory Science Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran; Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
authors.forename: Sima
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rostami
authors.affiliation: Medical Laboratory of Hazrat Ali Hospital, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran; Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Laboratory Science Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran; Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
authors.forename: Shams
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shariat Torbaghan
authors.affiliation: Medical Laboratory of Hazrat Ali Hospital, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran; Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Laboratory Science Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran; Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
authors.forename: Shahriar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dabiri
authors.affiliation: Medical Laboratory of Hazrat Ali Hospital, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran; Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Laboratory Science Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran; Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Babaei
authors.affiliation: Medical Laboratory of Hazrat Ali Hospital, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran; Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Laboratory Science Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran; Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ali Mohammadi
authors.affiliation: Medical Laboratory of Hazrat Ali Hospital, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran; Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Laboratory Science Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran; Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran msharbatkhori@yahoo.com fasihi@kmu.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Mitra
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sharbatkhori
authors.affiliation: Medical Laboratory of Hazrat Ali Hospital, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran; Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Laboratory Science Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran; Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran msharbatkhori@yahoo.com fasihi@kmu.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Majid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fasihi Harandi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004443:Echinococcosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology; D048209:Echinococcus granulosus / Q000235:genetics*; D005557:Formaldehyde; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D016612:Paraffin Embedding; D016707:Tissue Fixation
chemical_list: D005557:Formaldehyde