title: Effects of weight loss via high fat vs. low fat alternate day fasting diets on free fatty acid profiles.
abstract: Cardiovascular disease risk is associated with excess body weight and elevated plasma free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations. This study examines how an alternate-day fasting (ADF) diet high (HF) or low (LF) in fat affects plasma FFA profiles in the context of weight loss, and changes in body composition and lipid profiles. After a 2-week weight maintenance period, 29 women (BMI 30-39.9 kg/m(2)) 25-65 years old were randomized to an 8-week ADF-HF (45% fat) diet or an ADF-LF (25% fat) diet with 25% energy intake on fast days and ad libitum intake on feed days. Body weight, BMI and waist circumference were assessed weekly and body composition was measured using dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Total and individual FFA and plasma lipid concentrations were measured before and after weight loss. Body weight, BMI, fat mass, total cholesterol, LDL-C and triglyceride concentrations decreased (P < 0.05) in both groups. Total FFA concentrations also decreased (P < 0.001). In the ADF-LF group, decreases were found in several more FFAs than in the ADF-HF group. In the ADF-HF group, FFA concentrations were positively correlated with waist circumference. Depending on the macronutrient composition of a diet, weight loss with an ADF diet decreases FFA concentrations through potentially different mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Krista A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Varady
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Exercise Science, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada [2] Nutrition, Obesity, and Metabolism Lab, PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Vi T
authors.initials: VT
authors.lastname: Dam
authors.affiliation: Nutrition, Obesity, and Metabolism Lab, PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Monica C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Klempel
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Exercise Science, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada [2] Nutrition, Obesity, and Metabolism Lab, PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horne
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Exercise Science, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada [2] Nutrition, Obesity, and Metabolism Lab, PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Rani
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Cynthia M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Kroeger
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Exercise Science, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada [2] Nutrition, Obesity, and Metabolism Lab, PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Sylvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Santosa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005215:Fasting; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D008055:Lipids; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol