title: Measuring child awareness for adult symptomatic HIV using a verbal assessment tool: concordance between adult-child dyads on adult HIV-associated symptoms and illnesses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study assessed children's awareness for adult HIV-associated symptoms and illnesses using a verbal assessment tool by analysing inter-rater reliability between adult-child dyads. This study also evaluated sociodemographic and household characteristics associated with child awareness of adult symptomatic HIV.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional survey using a representative community sample of adult-child dyads (N=2477 dyads) was conducted in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Analyses focused on a subsample (n=673 adult-child dyads) who completed verbal assessment interviews for symptomatic HIV. We used an existing validated verbal autopsy approach, originally designed to determine AIDS-related deaths by adult proxy reporters. We adapted this approach for use by child proxy reporters for reporting on HIV-associated symptoms and illnesses among living adults. Analyses assessed whether children could reliably report on adult HIV-associated symptoms and illnesses and adult provisional HIV status.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adult-child pairs concurred above the 65th percentile for 9 of the 10 HIV-associated symptoms and illnesses with sensitivities ranging from 10% to 100% and specificities ranging from 20% to 100%. Concordant reporting between adult-child dyads for the adult's provisional HIV status was 72% (sensitivity=68%, specificity=73%). Children were more likely to reliably match adult's reports of provisional HIV status when they lived in households with more household members, and households with more robust socioeconomic indicators including access to potable water, food security and television.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Children demonstrate awareness of HIV-associated symptoms and illnesses experienced by adults in their household. Children in households with greater socioeconomic resources and more household members were more likely to reliably report on the adult's provisional HIV status.
authors.affiliation: Division of Community, Family Health and Equity, Rhode Island Department of Health, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
authors.forename: Don
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Operario
authors.affiliation: Department of Rural Health, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
authors.forename: Mosa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moshabela
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, South Africa Department of Social Policy and Intervention, Oxford University, Oxford, UK Health Economics and HIV and AIDS Research Division, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa.
authors.forename: Lucie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cluver
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D013019:South Africa
keywords: AFRICA; CHILDREN; HIV