title: Real-Time GnRH Gene Transcription in GnRH Promoter-Driven Luciferase-Expressing Transgenic Mice: Effect of Kisspeptin.
abstract: Pulsatile secretion of hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is indispensable for controlling proper pituitary gonadotrope functions; however, the mechanism underlying GnRH pulse generation remains largely unknown. It is important to understand the cellular oscillator in individual GnRH neurons and temporal synchronization among GnRH neurons. In this brief review, we summarize our recent findings on episodic GnRH gene transcription at the single GnRH neuron level and in synchronized multicellular burst in relation to the temporal pattern of GnRH secretion. We also detail the effects of kisspeptin on ultradian rhythmic GnRH gene transcription and secretion. We extend our discussion to the hierarchical interaction between circadian and ultradian rhythms. Taken together, the current review elucidates the genomic control of GnRH pulse generation in hypothalamic neurons.
authors.affiliation: Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences and School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Han Kyoung
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Choe
authors.forename: Sung Kook
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Chun
authors.forename: Jeongah
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Doyeon
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hee-Dae
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kyungjin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D059648:Kisspeptins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008156:Luciferases; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D011301:Preoptic Area / Q000378:metabolism*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D059648:Kisspeptins; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D008156:Luciferases