title: Bilateral adrenalectomy for Cushing's disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Review the indications, outcomes, and consequences of bilateral adrenalectomy (BLA) in patients with Cushing's disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  A literature review was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The primary therapy for Cushing's disease is surgery, with medical therapy and radiation therapy relegated to an adjuvant role. BLA is indicated in cases of persistent disease following pituitary surgery or in situations where rapid normalization of hypercortisolism is required. When performed via the laparoscopic approach, BLA is associated with a significantly reduced morbidity compared to the traditional, open approach. Following BLA, patients are at risk for adrenal crisis and the concern of Nelson's syndrome. However, BLA leads to a rapid resolution of the signs and symptoms of CS and leads to an improved long-term quality of life.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BLA should be considered in the treatment algorithm for patients with persistent CD after failed pituitary surgery, especially in patients who have severe consequences of hypercortisolism or desire pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine and Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 875 Blake Wilbur Dr MC 5826, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA, lkatznelson@stanford.edu.
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Katznelson
mesh_terms: D049913:ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D000236:Adenoma / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D000311:Adrenal Glands / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D000315:Adrenalectomy; D003480:Cushing Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D018579:Patient Selection; D016896:Treatment Outcome