title: Fluoroscopy-guided hydrostatic reduction of intussusception in infancy: role of pharmacological premedication.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Intussusception is one of the most common causes of paediatric emergency. Fluoroscopy-guided hydrostatic reduction is a common nonoperative management strategy for the treatment of intussusception. The role of pharmacological premedication in increasing the success rate of hydrostatic reduction is still controversial. The purpose of this study was to verify the presence of a possible correlation between pharmacological premedication and the percentage of hydrostatic reduction of intussusception in paediatric patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study considered children with a diagnosis of idiopathic intussusception treated at our hospital between January 2007 and June 2013. One group of patients underwent hydrostatic reduction by barium enema without any preliminary therapy. A second group of patients received pharmacological premedication with both a sedative and an anti-oedematous agent before the procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 398 patients were treated with barium enema for therapeutic purposes. In the group of patients who received no premedication (n = 254), 165 (65 %) children achieved hydrostatic reduction of the intussusception. Among the patients who received pharmacological premedication prior to barium enema (n = 144), 122 (85 %) children achieved resolution of the intussusception.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study shows that the use of pharmacological premedication is effective for the reduction of the intussusception, as its limit patient stress, fluoroscopic time and radiation dose.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Santobono Children's Hospital, Naples, Italy, fra.in@libero.it.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Esposito
authors.forename: Concetta
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ambrosio
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: De Fronzo
authors.forename: Maria Rita
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Panico
authors.forename: Marilena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: D'Aprano
authors.forename: Anna Marcella
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Giugliano
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Noviello
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Oresta
mesh_terms: D001466:Barium Sulfate; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004733:Enema; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D006801:Humans; D006874:Hydrostatic Pressure; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007443:Intussusception / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D011292:Premedication; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D001466:Barium Sulfate