title: Diagnosis of neuroinvasive astrovirus infection in an immunocompromised adult with encephalitis by unbiased next-generation sequencing.
abstract: Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (NGS) was used to diagnose an unusual and fatal case of progressive encephalitis in an immunocompromised adult presenting at disease onset as bilateral hearing loss. The sequencing and confirmatory studies revealed neuroinvasive infection of the brain by an astrovirus belonging to a recently discovered VA/HMO clade.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Center, San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: Samia N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Naccache
authors.affiliation: Departments of Clinical Hematology.
authors.forename: Karl S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Peggs
authors.affiliation: Clinical Microbiology.
authors.forename: Frank M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Mattes
authors.affiliation: Neuropathology.
authors.forename: Rahul
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Phadke
authors.affiliation: Research Department of Infection, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Jeremy A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Garson
authors.affiliation: Clinical Microbiology.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Center, San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Samayoa
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Center, San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: Scot
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Federman
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Center, San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Neurology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust.
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Lunn
authors.affiliation: Clinical Microbiology.
authors.forename: Vanya
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gant
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Center, San Francisco, California Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California, San Francisco.
authors.forename: Charles Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chiu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019350:Astroviridae Infections / Q000175:diagnosis*; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D018792:Encephalitis, Viral / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D006312:Hearing Loss, Bilateral / Q000209:etiology; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007945:Leukemia, Lymphoid / Q000150:complications; D001257:Mamastrovirus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010802:Phylogeny
chemical_list: D036022:Capsid Proteins
keywords: VA/HMO astrovirus clade; deafness; encephalitis; next-generation sequencing; pathogen discovery