title: Plasma angiopoietin-1 level, left ventricular ejection fraction, and multivessel disease predict development of 1-year major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction - a pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are frequently complicated with major cardiovascular events (MACEs). Endothelial dysfunction has been found to be involved in pathogenesis of AMI, but its role in development of MACEs after AMI is not clearly investigated. This study aimed to determine whether the plasma markers of endothelial dysfunction could serve as independent predictors for MACEs in patients with AMI.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective study was conducted from March 2010 to July 2012 and enrolled consecutive 132 patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) receiving primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Plasma levels of thrombomodulin (TM), von Willebrand factor (vWF), angiopoietin (Ang)-1, Ang-2, Tie-2, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were measured on day 1 of AMI. The development of MACEs at 1-year follow-up was recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with STEMI who developed MACEs had increased heart rate on admission (86±24 vs. 74±20bpm, p=0.006), lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (49.0±12.4 vs. 57.2±12.4%, p=0.002), and higher incidence of multivessel disease (66.7% vs. 42.2%, p=0.018) comparing with those without MACEs. Plasma level of Ang-1 was lower in patients with MACEs than in those without (21,165±16,281 vs. 31,411±21,593pg/mL, p=0.018). In multivariate analysis, Ang-1 level<median value (OR 2.977, 95% CI 1.16-7.63, p=0.023), LVEF (OR 0.958, 95% CI 0.92-0.99, p=0.022) and multivessel disease (OR 3.013, 95% CI 1.19-7.60, p=0.019) independently predicted 1-year MACEs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Decreased plasma Ang-1 levels on admission, LVEF and multivessel disease independently predicted the development of 1-year MACEs in patients with STEMI. These results suggest that endothelial dysfunction may play an important role in mediating MACEs in patients with STEMI.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kuan-Liang
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shu-Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Hsiang
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yung-Chang
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Healthcare Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Heart Failure Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: pchu@adm.cgmh.org.tw.
authors.forename: Pao-Hsien
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Chu
mesh_terms: D042683:Angiopoietin-1 / Q000097:blood*; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology; D062645:Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013318:Stroke Volume; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology; D013997:Time Factors; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: C467630:ANGPT1 protein, human; D042683:Angiopoietin-1
keywords: Acute myocardial infarction; Angiopoietin; Major cardiovascular events; Multivessel disease