title: Prognostic significance of metastasis associated in colon cancer 1 (MACC1) expression in patients with gallbladder cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The clinical significance of metastasis associated in colon cancer 1 (MACC1), in human gallbladder cancer, is not yet established. This study was performed to assess the expression of MACC1 in benign and malignant gallbladder lesions, and to assess its clinicopathological significance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tissue samples from resected gallbladder cancer (n=70) and cholelithiasis (n=70) were evaluated for MACC1 expression by immunohistochemical staining. Their expression was correlated with different clinicopathological parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cytoplasmic MACC1 expression was significantly higher (58.6%) in gallbladder cancer than in chronic cholecystitis (27.1%, P<0.001). High MACC1 levels were associated with lymph node metastasis (P<0.05), tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage (P<0.01), and perineural invasion (P<0.01), but not with sex, age, history of gallstones or histological grade (P>0.05). The univariate Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that a positive MACC1 expression was associated with decreased overall survival (P<0.001). The multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that MACC1 expression and the histopathological subtypes were independent risk factors for disease-free survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The expression of MACC1 might be closely related to carcinogenesis, clinical biological behaviors, and prognosis of gallbladder adenocarcinoma.
authors.forename: Lijian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jianjun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Lixia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Bingtai
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Huanhu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Lishui City Central Hospital and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ye
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005706:Gallbladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism*; D042882:Gallstones; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012307:Risk Factors; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: C544162:MACC1 protein, human; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors