title: Vanadium-catalyzed regioselective oxidative coupling of 2-hydroxycarbazoles.
abstract: The first regioselective oxidative coupling of 2-hydroxycarbazoles is described. With a vanadium catalyst and oxygen as the terminal oxidant, dimers with an ortho-ortho' coupling pattern were obtained with high selectivity. Further oxidation led to ortho'-ortho' coupling to generate a tetramer, which provided insight that the atropisomerization barriers of the unsymmetrical biaryl bonds are much lower than expected.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Patrick J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Carroll
authors.forename: Marisa C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Kozlowski
mesh_terms: D002227:Carbazoles / Q000737:chemistry*; D002384:Catalysis; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D058451:Oxidative Coupling; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D014639:Vanadium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002227:Carbazoles; D011108:Polymers; D014639:Vanadium; C066713:2-hydroxycarbazole; D010100:Oxygen