title: Understanding HIV latency: the road to an HIV cure.
abstract: Treatment with antiretroviral therapy dramatically increases the survival of HIV-infected individuals. However, treatment has to be continued for life because it does not lead to the full eradication of infection. HIV persists in resting CD4(+) T cells, and possibly other cell types, and can reemerge from these cells when therapy is interrupted. Here, we review molecular mechanisms that have been proposed to contribute to HIV latency, as well as the relative roles of cis- and trans-acting mechanisms. We also discuss existing and future therapeutic opportunities regarding HIV latency that might lead to a future cure for HIV infection.
authors.affiliation: Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94941; email: everdin@gladstone.ucsf.edu.
authors.forename: Matthew S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Dahabieh
authors.forename: Emilie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Battivelli
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Verdin
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000821:virology; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D012367:RNA, Viral; D017735:Virus Latency / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D012367:RNA, Viral
keywords: HIV-1; Tat; lymphocyte; quiescence; transcription