title: Perceptions of uncivil student behavior in dental education.
abstract: Students and faculty members in the health professions classroom are expected to exhibit professional behaviors that are conducive to maintaining a positive learning environment, but there is little published research concerning incivility in the area of dental education. The aim of this study was to evaluate differences in perceptions of incivility between dental faculty and students, between students in different courses of study, and between students in different years of dental study. The study utilized an anonymous electronic survey of all dental faculty and administrators and all dental, dental hygiene, and dental laboratory technology students at a single institution. The survey instrument contained questions concerning perceived uncivil behavior in the classroom and clinical settings. Response rates were 54% for faculty and administrators and ranged from 60% to 97% for students in various years and programs. The results were analyzed based on gender, course of study, year of study, and ethnicity. Significant differences were found regarding perceptions of civil behaviour between faculty and students, male and female students, the year of study, and the course of study. These differences point to the need for further research as well as administrative leadership and faculty development to define guidelines in this area in order to ensure a positive learning environment.
authors.affiliation: Dr. Richard Ballard is Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Louisiana State University Health Science Center; Dr. Hagan is Research Statistician, Texas Children's Hospital; Dr. Townsend is Associate Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Louisiana State University Health Science Center; Dr. Mary Ballard is Professor, Department of Health and Human Sciences, Southeastern Louisiana University; and Dr. Armbruster is Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Louisiana State University Health Science Center. rball1@lsuhsc.edu.
authors.forename: Richard W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Ballard
authors.affiliation: Dr. Richard Ballard is Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Louisiana State University Health Science Center; Dr. Hagan is Research Statistician, Texas Children's Hospital; Dr. Townsend is Associate Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Louisiana State University Health Science Center; Dr. Mary Ballard is Professor, Department of Health and Human Sciences, Southeastern Louisiana University; and Dr. Armbruster is Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Louisiana State University Health Science Center.
authors.forename: Joseph L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Hagan
authors.affiliation: Dr. Richard Ballard is Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Louisiana State University Health Science Center; Dr. Hagan is Research Statistician, Texas Children's Hospital; Dr. Townsend is Associate Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Louisiana State University Health Science Center; Dr. Mary Ballard is Professor, Department of Health and Human Sciences, Southeastern Louisiana University; and Dr. Armbruster is Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Louisiana State University Health Science Center.
authors.forename: Janice A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Townsend
authors.affiliation: Dr. Richard Ballard is Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Louisiana State University Health Science Center; Dr. Hagan is Research Statistician, Texas Children's Hospital; Dr. Townsend is Associate Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Louisiana State University Health Science Center; Dr. Mary Ballard is Professor, Department of Health and Human Sciences, Southeastern Louisiana University; and Dr. Armbruster is Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Louisiana State University Health Science Center.
authors.forename: Mary B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Ballard
authors.affiliation: Dr. Richard Ballard is Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Louisiana State University Health Science Center; Dr. Hagan is Research Statistician, Texas Children's Hospital; Dr. Townsend is Associate Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Louisiana State University Health Science Center; Dr. Mary Ballard is Professor, Department of Health and Human Sciences, Southeastern Louisiana University; and Dr. Armbruster is Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Louisiana State University Health Science Center.
authors.forename: Paul C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Armbruster
mesh_terms: D000288:Administrative Personnel; D000328:Adult; D000378:Agonistic Behavior; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D040421:Cell Phone; D003220:Conflict, Psychological; D003756:Dental Hygienists / Q000193:education; D003800:Dental Technicians / Q000193:education; D004326:Drinking; D004435:Eating; D004497:Education, Dental; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000523:psychology; D005179:Faculty, Dental; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012737:Sex Factors; D012919:Social Behavior; D012931:Social Environment; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology; D013335:Students, Dental / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: classroom behavior; dental education; dental faculty; dental students; gender; incivility; professionalism