title: The investigation of hereditary and acquired thrombophilia risk factors in the development of complications in pregnancy in Croatian women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the genetic and acquired thrombophilic risk factors in pregnancy-associated complications and venous thromboembolism (VTE) and evaluate the association between particular thrombophilic risk factors and thromboembolic complications.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, pregnant women with pregnancy complications and VTE (N = 101) were the study group, and the control group were women with normal pregnancy (N = 102). All women underwent testing for factor V Leiden mutation (FVL), mutation of the coagulation factors II (FII20210), methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, antithrombin III (ATIII), protein C (PC) and protein S, lupus anticoagulant (LAC) antibodies, anticardiolipin antibodies and anti-beta-2-glycoprotein-1.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study group, mutations of the FVL was 15.8% (16/101), FII20210 5.9% (6/101) and the MTHFR at locus 677 was TT in 19.8% (20/101). Deficiency of ATIII and PC were rare: 3.0% and 1.0%, respectively. LAC were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group: 32.7% versus 3.9%; p < 0.0005. Pregnant women with VTE have been more frequent for FVL (41.7%; p < 0.005), PC deficiency (25.0%; p < 0.005) and LAC (33.3%; p < 0.005). Combination of FVL and MTHFR mutation was related to the risk of recurrent fetal death and habitual abortion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The inherited and the acquired thrombophilic risk factors were found to be up to 10 times more common in the study group than in the control group.
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Medicine , University of Osijek , Osijek , Croatia .|b Department of Transfusion Medicine , Osijek University Hospital Centre , Osijek , Croatia .
authors.forename: Bahrija
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lenz
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Medicine , University of Osijek , Osijek , Croatia .|b Department of Transfusion Medicine , Osijek University Hospital Centre , Osijek , Croatia .
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Samardzija
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Medicine , University of Osijek , Osijek , Croatia .|b Department of Transfusion Medicine , Osijek University Hospital Centre , Osijek , Croatia .
authors.forename: Domagoj
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Drenjancevic
authors.affiliation: c Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , Sligo Regional Hospital , Sligo , Ireland .
authors.forename: Davor
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zibar
authors.affiliation: d Department of Internal Medicine , and.
authors.forename: Marko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Samardzija
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Medicine , University of Osijek , Osijek , Croatia .|e Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics , Osijek University Hospital Centre , Osijek , Croatia.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Milostic-Srb
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017153:Antibodies, Anticardiolipin / Q000235:genetics; D019774:Blood Coagulation Factor Inhibitors / Q000235:genetics*; D001779:Blood Coagulation Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D042965:Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2) / Q000235:genetics*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011249:Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D054556:Venous Thromboembolism / Q000235:genetics*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D017153:Antibodies, Anticardiolipin; D019774:Blood Coagulation Factor Inhibitors; D001779:Blood Coagulation Factors; C573423:MTHFR protein, human; D042965:Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2)
keywords: Antiphospholipid antibodies; genetic polymorphism; pregnancy complications; thrombophilia