title: Clinical effectiveness and safety of vildagliptin in >19 000 patients with type 2 diabetes: the GUARD study.
abstract: The present GUARD study was a prospective, non-interventional study evaluating the clinical effectiveness, safety and tolerability of vildagliptin with or without metformin in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) studied in routine clinical practice. Patients were enrolled from countries across four geographical regions. The primary endpoint was change in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) concentration from baseline after 24 weeks of treatment with vildagliptin with or without metformin. Of 19 331 patients analysed, 3511 received vildagliptin and 15 820 received vildagliptin plus metformin. At week 24, the mean HbA1c was reduced significantly from baseline by -1.27% (vildagliptin: -1.17%; vildagliptin plus metformin: -1.29%; p < 0.0001). Significant reductions in HbA1c from baseline were consistently reported regardless of patient age, body mass index (BMI) or baseline HbA1c. Weight and BMI were also significantly reduced from baseline. Vildagliptin treatment with or without metformin was generally well tolerated. It provided clinically relevant glycaemic and weight control, and was well tolerated in a large multi-ethnic population of patients with T2DM studied in routine clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: St. Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rosales
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Middle East Institute of Health, Bsalim, Lebanon.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Abou Jaoude
authors.affiliation: Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Al-Arouj
authors.affiliation: Baqai Institute of Diabetology & Endocrinology, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fawwad
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig-Sharkia, Egypt.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Orabi
authors.affiliation: Gujarat Endocrine Centre, Ahmedabad, India.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: DiTommaso
authors.affiliation: Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, India.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vaz
authors.affiliation: Ibrahim Memorial Diabetes Centre, BIRDEM Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Z A
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Latif
mesh_terms: D000218:Adamantane / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000139:chemically induced; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008687:Metformin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009570:Nitriles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011759:Pyrrolidines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D000077597:Vildagliptin
chemical_list: D000218:Adamantane; D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D008687:Metformin; D009570:Nitriles; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D000077597:Vildagliptin; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human
keywords: dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4); incretins; type 2 diabetes; vildagliptin