title: Clinical study of the caries-preventive effect of resin-modified glass ionomer restorations: aging versus the influence of fluoride dentifrice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The use of fluoride-releasing materials could be compromised due to aging and might also be influenced by other ordinary sources of fluoride. The aim of the present study was to investigate the aging effect on caries development around resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) restorations and the influence of fluoride dentifrice use in this process under the oral environment.
  
  
  METHODS
  A clinical study was performed in two phases of 14 days each. A total of 16 volunteers wore palatal devices containing dental slabs restored with either a composite resin or RMGIC, either aged or unaged by thermocycling. To simulate a clinical situation of high caries risk, the slabs were exposed to a 20% sucrose solution 10 times per day via the in situ model, where non-fluoride or a fluoride dentifrice was used. Integrated demineralization was determined by cross-sectional microhardness at both margins of the restoration: enamel and dentin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For enamel, higher demineralization around the composite restorations was observed, regardless of dentifrice or aging. For dentin, higher demineralization was observed around the aged composite restorations regardless of the dentifrice type used.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The RMGIC restorations provided more enhanced protection against secondary caries for dentin under aging, and the fluoride dentifrice used in this condition had either no clinically relevance or only a minimal effect.
authors.affiliation: University of Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Denise Rodrigues
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: de Moraes
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Mary Anne Sampaio
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: de Melo
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniela da Silva
authors.initials: Dda S
authors.lastname: Bezerra
authors.affiliation: Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciana Scarlazzari
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vicente de Paula Aragão
authors.initials: Vde P
authors.lastname: Saboía
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lidiany Karla Azevedo
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
mesh_terms: D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003188:Composite Resins; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003743:Dental Enamel; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent; D003802:Dentifrices; D005459:Fluorides; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D006801:Humans; D019279:Resin Cements; D017001:Tooth Demineralization / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D003188:Composite Resins; D003802:Dentifrices; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D019279:Resin Cements; D005459:Fluorides
keywords: caries; fluoride; in situ model; resin-modified glass ionomer; thermocycling