title: A novel vertebrates Toll-like receptor counterpart regulating the anti-microbial peptides expression in the freshwater crayfish, Procambarus clarkii.
abstract: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in regulation of anti-microbial peptides (AMPs) expression. A novel vertebrates TLR counterpart named PcToll, was firstly identified from the freshwater crayfish, Procambarus clarkii. Phylogenetic analysis showed that PcToll together with Drosophila melanogaster and Anopheles gambiae Toll9 were clustered with human Tolls. PcToll was mainly expressed in hepatopancreas and gills and it also could be detected in hemocytes, heart, stomach and intestine. PcToll was upregulated in hemocytes and gills post 24 h Vibrio anguillarum challenge. In hepatopancreas and intestine, the highest expression level of PcToll could be observed at 12 h V. anguillarum challenge. In hemocytes, PcToll went up post 24 h Staphylococcus aureus challenge and in gills, the expression level of PcToll showed no obvious change from 2 to 24 h S. aureus challenge. In hepatopancreas post 12 h S. aureus challenge, PcToll was upregulated and it showed obvious upregulation post 12 h S. aureus challenge in intestine. RNAi results showed that PcToll was involved in regulation of crustins (Cru1, Cru2), anti-lipopolysaccharide factor 2 (ALF2) and lysozyme 1 (Lys1) expression. Overexpression of PcToll in Drosophila S2 cells could induce Drosophila Attacin (Atta), Metchnikowin (Mtk), Drosomycin (Drs) and shrimp Penaeidin (PEN4) expression. From the results, it could be speculated that PcToll might play important roles in crayfish innate immune defense.
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210046, PR China.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.
authors.forename: Yi-Hong
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China.
authors.forename: Yun-Jia
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210046, PR China.
authors.forename: Jing-Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210046, PR China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China.
authors.forename: Jiang-Feng
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Lan
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210046, PR China. Electronic address: renqian0402@126.com.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ren
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D060829:Arthropod Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D003400:Astacoidea / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D001483:Base Sequence; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D010802:Phylogeny; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000502:physiology; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014733:Vibrio / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D060829:Arthropod Proteins; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors
keywords: Innate immunity; Over-expression; Procambarus clarkii; RNAi; Toll