title: Astragaloside IV controls collagen reduction in photoaging skin by improving transforming growth factor-β/Smad signaling suppression and inhibiting matrix metalloproteinase-1.
abstract: Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light reduces levels of type I collagen in the dermis and results in human skin damage and premature skin aging (photoaging). This leads to a wrinkled appearance through the inhibition of transforming growth factor‑β (TGF‑β)/Smad signaling. UV irradiation increases type I collagen degradation through upregulating matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression. Astragaloside IV (AST) is one of the major active components extracted from Astragalus membranaceus. However, its multiple anti‑photoaging effects remain to be elucidated. In the present study, the effects of AST against collagen reduction in UV‑induced skin aging in human skin fibroblasts were investigated. The expression of type I procollagen (COL1), MMP‑1, TGF‑βRⅡ and Smad7 were determined using reverse transcription‑polymerase chain reaction, western blotting and ELISA, respectively. UV irradiation inhibits type I collagen production by suppressing the TGF‑β/Smad signaling pathway and increasing COL1 degradation by inducing MMP‑1 expression. Transforming growth factor‑β type II protein and COL1 mRNA decreased but MMP‑1 and Smad7 levels increased in the photoaging model group, which was reversed by topical application of AST. AST prevents collagen reduction from UV irradiation in photoaging skin by improving TGF‑β/Smad signaling suppression and inhibiting MMP‑1, thus AST may be a potential agent against skin photoaging.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210024, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210024, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210024, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210024, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210024, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210024, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Hui-Li
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, BenQ Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210019, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Gang
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Bi
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000077294:Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type II; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012503:Saponins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D015595:Skin Aging / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000528:radiation effects; D051785:Smad Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism*; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta; D012503:Saponins; D051785:Smad Proteins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D014315:Triterpenes; C052064:astragaloside A; D003094:Collagen; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D000077294:Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type II; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1