title: Specificity protein 1 regulates gene expression related to fatty acid metabolism in goat mammary epithelial cells.
abstract: Specificity protein 1 (SP1) is a ubiquitous transcription factor that plays an important role in controlling gene expression. Although important in mediating the function of various hormones, the role of SP1 in regulating milk fat formation remains unknown. To investigate the sequence and expression information, as well as its role in modulating lipid metabolism, we cloned SP1 gene from mammary gland of Xinong Saanen dairy goat. The full-length cDNA of the SP1 gene is 4376 bp including 103 bp of 5'UTR, 2358 bp of ORF (HM_236311) and 1915 bp of 3'UTR, which is predicted to encode a 786 amino acids polypeptide. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that goat SP1 has the closest relationship with sheep, followed by bovines (bos taurus, odobenus and ceratotherium), pig, primates (pongo, gorilla, macaca and papio) and murine (rattus and mus), while the furthest relationship was with canis and otolemur. Expression was predominant in the lungs, small intestine, muscle, spleen, mammary gland and subcutaneous fat. There were no significant expression level differences between the mammary gland tissues collected at lactation and dry-off period. Overexpression of SP1 in goat mammary epithelial cells (GMECs) led to higher mRNA expression level of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) and lower liver X receptor α (LXRα) mRNA level, both of which were crucial in regulating fatty acid metabolism, and correspondingly altered the expression of their downstream genes in GMECs. These results were further enhanced by the silencing of SP1. These findings suggest that SP1 may play an important role in fatty acid metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China. zhujiang4656@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Jiangjiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China. yutingsun2008@126.com.
authors.forename: Yuting
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China. luojun@nwsuaf.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China. minwu1229@163.com.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China. lijianhua991@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jianhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Guangxi Institute of Animal Husbandry, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530000, China. caoyh610@163.com.
authors.forename: Yanhong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006041:Goats / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D000071518:Liver X Receptors; D042361:Mammary Glands, Human / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors / Q000235:genetics; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D005227:Fatty Acids; D000071518:Liver X Receptors; C000605213:NR1H3 protein, human; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors; D047495:PPAR gamma; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor