title: Intervention Approaches for Addressing Breast Cancer Disparities among African American Women.
abstract: African American women in the U.S. have a higher mortality rate from breast cancer than white women. Black-white differences in survival persist even after accounting for disease stage and tumor characteristics suggesting that the higher rates of breast cancer mortality are due to social factors. Several factors may account for racial differences in breast cancer mortality including socioeconomic factors, access to screening mammography and timely treatment, and biological factors. Efforts to prevent deaths from breast cancer and to address breast cancer disparities have focused on early detection through routine mammography and timely referral for treatment. There is a need for culturally appropriate, tailored health messages for African American women to increase their knowledge and awareness of health behaviors for the early detection of breast cancer. Several promising intervention approaches are reviewed in this article including: 1) the use of cell phone text messaging and smart phone apps to increase breast cancer screening; 2) the use of radio stations that target African American audiences ("black radio") for health promotion activities; and 3) church-based behavioral interventions to promote breast cancer screening among African American women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, USA.
authors.forename: Steven S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Coughlin
keywords: African Americans; Breast cancer; Cell phone; Church; Disparities; Mammography; Mass media; Survival