title: Complications and visual outcomes after secondary intraocular lens implantation in children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate safety and visual outcomes in surgically aphakic children undergoing secondary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective, consecutive, interventional case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred seventy-four eyes of 104 children (70 bilateral, 34 unilateral) who underwent secondary IOL implantation for aphakia after congenital cataract surgery at L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India, were analyzed. A minimum of 3 months of follow-up after surgery was required for inclusion in the study. Eyes with aphakia after surgery for traumatic cataracts and other associated ocular comorbidities were excluded. Main outcome measures were intraoperative and postoperative complications and visual outcome at the last follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age at secondary IOL implantation was 6.08 ± 3.75 years. The mean follow-up was 25.7 ± 24.9 months. Mean best-corrected visual acuity improved from 1.08 ± 0.65 in aphakic children to 0.55 ± 0.51 logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution in pseudophakic children at last follow-up (P < .0001). Overall, 51 eyes (35%) attained a final best-corrected visual acuity of 20/40 (0.3 logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution) or better, whereas only 2 eyes (8.7%) attained a final best-corrected visual acuity of 20/40 (0.3 logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution) or better in children who underwent secondary IOL implantation for unilateral aphakia. The most common postoperative complications were secondary membrane formation (17 eyes; 9.77%), optic capture (15 eyes; 8.6%), IOL decentration (9 eyes; 5.17%), and secondary glaucoma (11 eyes; 5%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Secondary sulcus IOL implantation in children is a relatively safe procedure and leads to favorable visual postoperative outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Jasti V. Ramanamma Children's Eye Care Center, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.
authors.forename: Bhamy Hariprasad
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Shenoy
authors.affiliation: Nimagadda Prasad Children's Eye Center, GMRV Campus, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Visakapatnam, India.
authors.forename: Vaibhev
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mittal
authors.affiliation: Jasti V. Ramanamma Children's Eye Care Center, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Nimagadda Prasad Children's Eye Center, GMRV Campus, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Visakapatnam, India.
authors.forename: Virender
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sachdeva
authors.affiliation: Jasti V. Ramanamma Children's Eye Care Center, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India. Electronic address: rameshak@lvpei.org.
authors.forename: Ramesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kekunnaya
mesh_terms: D001036:Aphakia, Postcataract / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D002386:Cataract / Q000151:congenital*; D002387:Cataract Extraction; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular; D007910:Lenses, Intraocular; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology*