title: Differential expression of HIF-1α, AQP-1, and VEGF under acute hypoxic conditions in the non-ventilated lung of a one-lung ventilation rat model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  One-lung ventilation (OLV) is a standard practice in thoracic surgery. However, OLV can give rise to arterial hypoxemia. Hypoxia-inducible transcription factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and aquaporin-1 (AQP-1) may be involved in arterial hypoxemia and contribute to cellular injury. Therefore, in the present study, these moieties were investigated in an OLV rat model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty Sprague-Dawley (S-D) rats were randomly divided into four groups: right lung mechanical ventilation for 0.5 h (Group A); 1 h (Group B); 2 h (Group C) and mechanical ventilation of both lungs (control group). Rat lung tissue was examined using electron microscopy. Serum and lung tissue levels of VEGF were measured by ELISA, Western blot analyses were used to detect the protein expression of HIF-1α and immunohistochemical staining and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were performed to examine protein expression and gene levels, respectively, of VEGF and AQP-1 after hypoxia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Electron microscopy revealed that increased duration of OLV was correlated with greater destruction of the non-ventilated lung. The protein expression of HIF-1α was significantly increased in the non-ventilated lungs of the experimental hypoxia groups (A-C) compared to the control group, whereas VEGF and AQP-1 protein expression and gene levels were decreased in the non-ventilated lungs of the hypoxia groups (A-C) compared to the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The OLV caused hypoxia in the non-ventilated lung and subsequent injury. The altered expression of HIF-1α, VEGF, and AQP-1 may be involved in the pathological process of lung injury caused by hypoxia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China. Electronic address: linghuipancn@163.com.
authors.forename: Ling-Hui
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ruan
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
authors.forename: Wan-Yun
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D055371:Acute Lung Injury / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000818:Animals; D051398:Aquaporin 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000150:complications; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D061810:One-Lung Ventilation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000379:methods; D013997:Time Factors; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D051398:Aquaporin 1
keywords: Acute lung injury; Aquaporin-1; Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α; One-lung ventilation; Vascular endothelial growth factor