title: Occurrence, variability and human exposure to Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and Dioxin-Like Polychlorinated Biphenyls (DL-PCBs) in dairy products from Chile during the 2011-2013 survey.
abstract: Levels, congener profiles of PCDD/Fs, DL-PCBs and human exposure for these xenobiotics never have been reported in Chile. For that purpose 102 raw cow milk samples were collected from seven different regions of Chile during 2011 until 2013. The highest mean level for PCDD/Fs, corresponds to 0.32 pg WHO-TEQ2005 g(-1) fat (2012) and for DL-PCBs 0.17 pg WHO-TEQ2005 g(-1) fat (2011), using the upper bound approach. Penta and tetra chlorinated congeners dominated PCDD/Fs profiles in a WHO-TEQ2005 basis during the survey. In the case of DL-PCBs, PCB 126 dominated the profiles with 89%. Statistical analysis showed significant difference among years only in DL-PCBs residues. Also dietary intake was estimated, and the highest level for total sum of PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs for adult was 0.16 pg WHO-TEQ kg(-1) b.w d(-1) (2011) and for children correspond to 0.65 pg WHO-TEQ kg(-1) b.wd(-1) (2011). Concentrations and dietary intake for the studied compounds in milk and butter samples were below international and national regulations.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad de Chile, Chile.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pizarro-Aránguiz
authors.affiliation: Sustainability Research Centre, Ecology and Natural Resources Faculty, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Galbán-Malagón
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Medicine Faculty, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Rudolph
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad de Chile, Chile.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Araya-Jordan
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad de Chile, Chile.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maddaleno
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad de Chile, Chile.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: San Martin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000032:analysis*; D002079:Butter / Q000032:analysis; D002417:Cattle; D002648:Child; D002677:Chile; D003611:Dairy Products / Q000032:analysis*; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis*; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D001572:Benzofurans; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D002079:Butter; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls
keywords: Butter and human exposure assessment; DL-PCBs; Dioxins; Milk; PCDD/Fs; POPs