title: Formation of aldehydes and carboxylic acids in ozonated surface water and wastewater: a clear relationship with fluorescence changes.
abstract: This study examined the formation of aldehydes and carboxylic acids in ozonated surface water and municipal wastewater secondary effluent and addressed correlations between the generation of these compounds and concurrent changes of the fluorescence of natural/effluent organic matter (NOM/EfOM) substrates. Ozonation was effective in removing fluorophores in all excitation/emission matrix (EEM) regions, with those operationally assigned to humic- and protein-like species showing relatively higher reactivity than fulvic-like species. Examination of HO exposures and attendant changes of fluorescence-based parameters allows establishing strong linear relationships between formation of the aldehydes and carboxylic acids and the relative changes of integrated fluorescence (ΔIF/IF0). This demonstrates the feasibility of surrogate monitoring of the formation of biodegradable ozonation by-products via online measurements of water/wastewater EEM fluorescence.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, CAS, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, CAS, Chengdu 610041, China. Electronic address: xytang@imde.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Xiangyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Health and Environmental Sciences, Dow Corning Corporation, Auburn, MI 48611, USA.
authors.forename: Jaeshin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
authors.forename: Gregory V
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Korshin
mesh_terms: D000447:Aldehydes / Q000737:chemistry*; D002264:Carboxylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D005453:Fluorescence; D006812:Humic Substances / Q000032:analysis*; D010126:Ozone / Q000737:chemistry*; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000447:Aldehydes; D002264:Carboxylic Acids; D006812:Humic Substances; D010126:Ozone; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Aldehydes and carboxylic acids; EEM fluorescence; HO() exposure; Online monitoring; Ozonation; Surrogate parameters