title: Hip joint degeneration due to cam impingement: a finite element analysis.
abstract: The goal of this study was to investigate the impact of cam impingement, a biomechanical risk factor, on hip joint degeneration and ultimately coxarthrosis. 3D finite element solid models of a healthy and a pathologic hip were developed based on clinical reports. The biphasic characteristics of cartilaginous tissues were considered to identify localised solid matrix overloading during normal walking and sitting down (SD). Localised femoral intrusion at the anterior-superior pelvic horn was revealed in the pathologic hip during SD, where the radial and meridional solid stresses in the acetabular cartilage and circumferential solid stresses within the acetabular labrum increased by 3.7, 1.5 and 2.7 times, respectively. The increased solid-on-solid stresses, reduction in fluid-load support and associated higher friction during articulation may result in joint wear and other degenerative changes in the hip.
authors.affiliation: a Mechanical Behaviour of Materials Group, School of Engineering, University of Portsmouth , Portsmouth , UK.
authors.forename: F L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Hellwig
authors.affiliation: a Mechanical Behaviour of Materials Group, School of Engineering, University of Portsmouth , Portsmouth , UK.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.affiliation: b Orthopaedics and Trauma Centre, Queen Alexandra Hospital , Portsmouth , UK.
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Hussell
mesh_terms: D000077:Acetabulum / Q000473:pathology; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000473:pathology; D057925:Femoracetabular Impingement / Q000473:pathology*; D005270:Femur Head / Q000473:pathology; D020342:Finite Element Analysis; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D011187:Posture; D011312:Pressure
keywords: biphasic model; cartilage degeneration; contact pressure; finite element; hip joint; impingement