title: Heart failure and dementia: survival in relation to types of heart failure and different dementia disorders.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Heart failure (HF) and dementia frequently coexist, but little is known about their types, relationships to each other and prognosis. The aims were to (i) describe patients with HF and dementia, assess (ii) the proportion of specific dementia disorders in types of HF based on ejection fraction and (iii) the prognostic role of types of HF and dementia disorders.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Swedish Heart Failure Registry (RiksSvikt) and The Swedish Dementia Registry (SveDem) were record-linked. Associations between dementia disorders and HF types were assessed with multinomial logistic regression and survival was investigated with Kaplan-Meier analysis and multivariable Cox regression. We studied 775 patients found in both registries (55% men, mean age 82 years). Ejection fraction was preserved in 38% of patients, reduced in 34%, and missing in 28%. The proportions of dementia disorders were similar across HF types. Vascular dementia was the most common dementia disorder (36%), followed by other dementias (28%), mixed dementia (20%), and Alzheimer disease (16%). Over a mean follow-up of 1.5 years, 76% of patients survived 1 year. We observed no significant differences in survival with regard to HF type (P = 0.2) or dementia disorder (P = 0.5). After adjustment for baseline covariates, neither HF types nor dementia disorders were independently associated with survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction was the most common HF type and vascular dementia was the most common dementia disorder. The proportions of dementia disorders were similar across HF types. Neither HF types nor specific dementia disorders were associated with survival.
authors.affiliation: Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division for Neurogeriatrics, Novum, Blickagången 6, 141 57, Huddinge, Sweden.|International Clinical Research Center and St Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Pavla
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cermakova
authors.affiliation: Unit of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.|Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Lars H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Lund
authors.affiliation: Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Huddinge, Sweden.
authors.forename: Seyed-Mohammad
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Fereshtehnejad
authors.affiliation: Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Aging Research Center, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Johnell
authors.affiliation: Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division for Neurogeriatrics, Novum, Blickagången 6, 141 57, Huddinge, Sweden.|Department of Geriatric Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Bengt
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Winblad
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Department of Cardiology UHL, County Council of Östergötland, Linköping, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ulf
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Dahlström
authors.affiliation: Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Huddinge, Sweden.|Department of Geriatric Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eriksdotter
authors.affiliation: Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division for Neurogeriatrics, Novum, Blickagången 6, 141 57, Huddinge, Sweden.|Department of Geriatric Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Dorota
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Religa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000453:epidemiology; D015140:Dementia, Vascular / Q000401:mortality*; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000401:mortality*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012042:Registries; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology; D015996:Survival Rate
keywords: Alzheimer disease; Dementia; Heart failure; Preserved ejection fraction; Reduced ejection fraction; Registry; Survival; Vascular dementia