title: ALA-mediated photodynamic effect on apoptosis induction and secretion of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and of monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP-1) by colon cancer cells in normoxia and in hypoxia-like conditions in vitro.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Photodynamic therapy (PDT) reveals immune modulatory effect. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) mediated photodynamic effect on secretory activity (MIF, MCP-1) of colon cancer cells in vitro both in normoxia and in hypoxia-like conditions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two colon cancer cell lines differing in malignancy potential: SW480 (lower grade) and SW620 (higher grade) were used. MCP-1 and MIF concentrations in supernatants of cells cultures after pretreatment with ALA at concentrations of 500, 1000 and 1500μM and irradiation with incoherent light (λ=600-720nm) at fluences of 10, 30 and 60J/cm(2), using Bio-Plex ProTM Assay kit and Bio-Plex Suspension Array System apparatus, were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The SW620 cells were more susceptible to ALA-mediated phototoxic effect than SW480 one, however this effect may be partly abolished in hypoxia-like condition. In the case of SW480 cell line, no influence of hypoxia-like conditions on cell susceptibility to ALA-mediated photodynamic effect was found. The MIF concentration increased, contrary to MCP-1 one which decreased after ALA-mediated photodynamic action in both cell lines. No difference between cytokines concentration in supernatant from cells cultures in normoxia or hypoxia-like conditions was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Detected reduction in MCP-1 secretion appears to be advantage because of tumor's growth limiting but an increase in the secretion of MIF, which is responsible for stimulation of tumor cells proliferation, is an unfavorable effect. These results may be explained by the fact that the used cancer cell lines differ from each other in cancer stage.
authors.affiliation: Department and Clinic of Internal Diseases, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, Batorego 15, 41-902 Bytom, Poland. Electronic address: akawczyk@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kawczyk-Krupka
authors.affiliation: Department and Clinic of Internal Diseases, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, Batorego 15, 41-902 Bytom, Poland; College of Health, Beauty Care and Education, Brzeźnicka 3, 60-133 Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Andrzej M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Bugaj
authors.affiliation: Department and Clinic of Internal Diseases, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, Batorego 15, 41-902 Bytom, Poland.
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Latos
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Diseases, 11 Listopada 48, 28-200 Staszow, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wawrzyniec
authors.affiliation: Department and Clinic of Internal Diseases, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, Batorego 15, 41-902 Bytom, Poland.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Oleś
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of Silesia, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mertas
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of Silesia, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland.
authors.forename: Zenon
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Czuba
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of Silesia, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland.
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Król
authors.affiliation: Department and Clinic of Internal Diseases, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, Batorego 15, 41-902 Bytom, Poland.
authors.forename: Karolina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sieroń-Stołtny
authors.affiliation: Department and Clinic of Internal Diseases, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, Batorego 15, 41-902 Bytom, Poland.
authors.forename: Aleksander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sieroń
mesh_terms: D000622:Aminolevulinic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism*; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: C111835:CCL2 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors; D000622:Aminolevulinic Acid; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases; C515598:MIF protein, human; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: 5-Aminolevulinic acid; Colon cancer; MCP-1; MIF; Photodynamic therapy