title: Membrane trafficking in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae model.
abstract: The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the best characterized eukaryotic models. The secretory pathway was the first trafficking pathway clearly understood mainly thanks to the work done in the laboratory of Randy Schekman in the 1980s. They have isolated yeast sec mutants unable to secrete an extracellular enzyme and these SEC genes were identified as encoding key effectors of the secretory machinery. For this work, the 2013 Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine has been awarded to Randy Schekman; the prize is shared with James Rothman and Thomas Südhof. Here, we present the different trafficking pathways of yeast S. cerevisiae. At the Golgi apparatus newly synthesized proteins are sorted between those transported to the plasma membrane (PM), or the external medium, via the exocytosis or secretory pathway (SEC), and those targeted to the vacuole either through endosomes (vacuolar protein sorting or VPS pathway) or directly (alkaline phosphatase or ALP pathway). Plasma membrane proteins can be internalized by endocytosis (END) and transported to endosomes where they are sorted between those targeted for vacuolar degradation and those redirected to the Golgi (recycling or RCY pathway). Studies in yeast S. cerevisiae allowed the identification of most of the known effectors, protein complexes, and trafficking pathways in eukaryotic cells, and most of them are conserved among eukaryotes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Genetics, UMR7156, Université de Strasbourg and CNRS, 21 rue Descartes, Strasbourg 67084, France. sergefeyder@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Serge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Feyder
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Genetics, UMR7156, Université de Strasbourg and CNRS, 21 rue Descartes, Strasbourg 67084, France. seahorse378@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Johan-Owen
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: De Craene
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Genetics, UMR7156, Université de Strasbourg and CNRS, 21 rue Descartes, Strasbourg 67084, France. sbar@unistra.fr.
authors.forename: Séverine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bär
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Genetics, UMR7156, Université de Strasbourg and CNRS, 21 rue Descartes, Strasbourg 67084, France. dimitri.bertazzi@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Dimitri L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Bertazzi
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Genetics, UMR7156, Université de Strasbourg and CNRS, 21 rue Descartes, Strasbourg 67084, France. s.friant@unistra.fr.
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Friant
mesh_terms: D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D004705:Endocytosis; D011992:Endosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D006056:Golgi Apparatus / Q000378:metabolism; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000378:metabolism*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D022142:Secretory Vesicles / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D008565:Membrane Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins