title: Antiviral effect of sulfated Chuanmingshen violaceum polysaccharide in chickens infected with virulent Newcastle disease virus.
abstract: Newcastle disease virus (NDV) belonging to the Paramyxovirinae subfamily is one of the most devastating pathogens in poultry. Although vaccines are widely applied to control the infection, outbreaks of Newcastle disease (ND) repeatedly happen. Currently, there are no alternative control measures available for ND. In the present study, we found that sulfated Chuanmingshen violaceum polysaccharide (sCVPS) were potent inhibitors of NDV in specific pathogen free chickens infected with a virulent strain. With sCVPS treatment, the survival rate increased by almost 20% and virus titers in test organs, including brain, lung, spleen and thymus, were significantly decreased. The sCVPS also exhibited the ability to prevent viral transmission by reducing the amount of virus shed in saliva and feces. Higher concentrations of interferon α and γ in serum were detected in chickens treated with sCVPS, indicating that one of the antiviral mechanisms may be attributed to the property of immunoenhancement. Histopathological examination showed that sCVPS could alleviate the tissue lesions caused by NDV infection. These results suggest that sCVPS are expected to be a new alternative control measure for NDV infection and further studies could be carried out to evaluate the antiviral activity of sCVPS against other paramyxoviruses.
authors.affiliation: (a)Natural Medecine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya׳an, 625014, China.
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: (a)Natural Medecine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya׳an, 625014, China.
authors.forename: Yuetian
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: (a)Natural Medecine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya׳an, 625014, China. Electronic address: yinzhongq@163.com.
authors.forename: Zhongqiong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: (a)Natural Medecine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya׳an, 625014, China.
authors.forename: Xinghong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: (a)Natural Medecine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya׳an, 625014, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoxia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: (a)Natural Medecine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya׳an, 625014, China.
authors.forename: Changliang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: (a)Natural Medecine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya׳an, 625014, China.
authors.forename: Lizi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: (a)Natural Medecine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya׳an, 625014, China.
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: (a)Natural Medecine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya׳an, 625014, China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: (a)Natural Medecine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya׳an, 625014, China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: (a)Natural Medecine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya׳an, 625014, China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: (a)Natural Medecine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya׳an, 625014, China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Shu
authors.affiliation: (a)Natural Medecine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya׳an, 625014, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya׳an, 625014, China. Electronic address: cqrc_jry@163.com.
authors.forename: Renyong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jia
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019661:Apiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D002645:Chickens; D007372:Interferons / Q000097:blood; D009521:Newcastle Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000821:virology*; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000821:virology*; D017201:Virus Shedding / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011134:Polysaccharides; D007372:Interferons
keywords: Antiviral activity; Chuanmingshen violaceum polysaccharide; Newcastle disease virus; Sulfated polysaccharides