title: Clinical importance and epidemiology of quinolone resistance.
abstract: The quinolone class of antimicrobial agents is one of most widely used classes of antimicrobial agents in outpatient and inpatient treatment. However, quinolone resistance in gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria has emerged and increased globally. This resistance limits the usefulness of quinolones in clinical practice. The review summarizes mechanisms of quinolone resistance and its epidemiology and implications in the most common clinical settings, urinary tract infections, respiratory tract infections, intraabdominal infections, skin and skin structure infections, and sexually transmitted diseases.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. ; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Eu Suk
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Hooper
keywords: Clinical implications; Drug resistance; Epidemiology; Mechanism; Quinolones