title: Effects of methoprene, a juvenile hormone analog, on survival of various developmental stages, adult emergence, reproduction and behavior of Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Asian citrus citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, transmits a bacterium that causes huanglongbing in citrus. Frequent and repeated use of neurotoxic insecticides against D. citri has resulted in the development of insecticide resistance. We evaluated the effects of the juvenile hormone analog methoprene on egg hatch, nymphal development, adult emergence, reproduction and behavior of D. citri.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Methoprene significantly reduced the viability of eggs that were between 0 and 4 days old. Egg hatch of 0-48-h-old and 49-96-h-old eggs was 8 and 9%, respectively, when treated with 320 µg mL(-1) of methoprene. Methoprene caused significant mortality of first-, third- and fifth-instar D. citri nymphs and reduced adult emergence as compared with controls. Methoprene caused less than 5% adult emergence when first- and third-instar stages were treated, respectively, and less than 40% adult emergence when fifth instars were treated. Reduced fertility of females was observed when they emerged from methoprene-treated fifth instars.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Methoprene was effective in reducing egg hatch, suppressing nymphal development and decreasing adult emergence of D. citri under laboratory conditions. Treatment of fifth instars reduced the fertility of females. Methoprene might be a possible tool for integrated management of D. citri.
authors.affiliation: Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Gurpreet S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Brar
authors.affiliation: Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Wendy
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.affiliation: Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Lukasz L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Stelinski
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D002957:Citrus; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility / Q000187:drug effects; D006430:Hemiptera / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D008297:Male; D008726:Methoprene / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009758:Nymph / Q000187:drug effects; D010063:Ovum / Q000187:drug effects; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D008726:Methoprene
keywords: Asian citrus psyllid; citrus greening; huanglongbing; insect growth regulator; juvenile hormone analog