title: Imperforate titanium shell enclosing recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2-induced bone formation for high-profile dental implants in rabbit tibia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the use of a nonperforated titanium occlusive device over high-profile dental implants in rabbit tibia using recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) in an absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) for augmentation grafting.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight New Zealand white rabbits were used for the experiment. All rabbits underwent computed tomography of the right tibia. A custom titanium shell was manufactured for each rabbit using a computer-assisted design to confine the graft. Three high-profile implants were placed in the right tibia of each rabbit; the middle implant was placed 8 mm in supracrestal fashion and the adjacent implants were placed 5 mm in supracrestal fashion. There were 4 groups (n = 2 per group): non-shell control, titanium shell only, titanium shell over buffered collagen, and titanium shell over the ACS enriched with rhBMP-2. The animals were sacrificed after 6 or 12 weeks. Histologic preparation was carried out to evaluate bone formation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 6 weeks, negligible bone growth was found around the implants. After 12 weeks, there was minimal bone formation around the implants in the control group, whereas in the group treated with ACS enriched with rhBMP-2, the titanium shell was filled with mature bone, which was expressed at the implant surface, the shell's interior, and the exterior surfaces.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The placement of ACS enriched with rhBMP-2 beneath an occlusive nonperforated titanium shell confining high-profile dental implants resulted in visibly more formation of mature bone.
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Nardy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Casap
authors.affiliation: Attending Physician, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah, Jerusalem, Israel. Electronic address: amirlaviv@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Laviv
authors.affiliation: Private Practice, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Meir
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Debecco
authors.affiliation: Resident, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alterman
authors.affiliation: Chairman, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Baruch Padeh Medical Center, Poriya, Tiberias, Israel.
authors.forename: Zvi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Laster
authors.affiliation: Visiting Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hebrew University-Hadassah, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Ole T
authors.initials: OT
authors.lastname: Jensen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001846:Bone Development / Q000502:physiology*; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000502:physiology*; D015921:Dental Implants; D011817:Rabbits; D013977:Tibia / Q000254:growth & development*; D014025:Titanium
chemical_list: C525718:BMP2 protein, human; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D015921:Dental Implants; D014025:Titanium