title: Vibrio parahaemolyticus strengthens their virulence through modulation of cellular reactive oxygen species in vitro.
abstract: Vibrio parahaemolyticus (Vp) is one of the emergent food-borne pathogens that are commensally associated with various shellfish species throughout the world. It is strictly environmental and many strains are pathogenic to humans. The virulent strains cause distinct diseases, including wound infections, septicemia, and most commonly, acute gastroenteritis, which is acquired through the consumption of raw or undercooked seafood, especially shellfish. Vp has two type three secretion systems (T3SSs), which triggering its cytotoxicity and enterotoxicity via their effectors. To better understand the pathogenesis of Vp, we established a cell infection model in vitro using a non-phagocytic cell line. Caco-2 cells were infected with different strains of Vp (pandemic and non-pandemic strains) and several parameters of cytotoxicity were measured together with adhesion and invasion indices, which reflect the pathogen's virulence. Our results show that Vp adheres to cell monolayers and can invade non-phagocytic cells. It also survives and persists in non-phagocytic cells by modulating reactive oxygen species (ROS), allowing its replication, and resulting in complete cellular destruction. We conclude that the pathogenicity of Vp is based on its capacities for adhesion and invasion. Surprisingly's; enhanced of ROS resistance period could promote the survival of Vp inside the intestinal tract, facilitating tissue infection by repressing the host's oxidative stress response.
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University Yangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Shimaa S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: El-Malah
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University Yangzhou, China ; College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University Yangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Zhenquan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University Yangzhou, China ; Testing Center, Yangzhou University Yangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Maozhi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University Yangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Qiuchun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University Yangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Zhiming
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University Yangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xinan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jiao
mesh_terms: D001422:Bacterial Adhesion; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D058947:Bacterial Secretion Systems; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D014735:Vibrio Infections / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology*; D014736:Vibrio parahaemolyticus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D058947:Bacterial Secretion Systems; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species
keywords: caco-2; in vitro; infection; modulation; ros; vibrio parahaemolyticus