title: Creating the brain and interacting with the brain: an integrated approach to understanding the brain.
abstract: In the past two decades, brain science and robotics have made gigantic advances in their own fields, and their interactions have generated several interdisciplinary research fields. First, in the 'understanding the brain by creating the brain' approach, computational neuroscience models have been applied to many robotics problems. Second, such brain-motivated fields as cognitive robotics and developmental robotics have emerged as interdisciplinary areas among robotics, neuroscience and cognitive science with special emphasis on humanoid robots. Third, in brain-machine interface research, a brain and a robot are mutually connected within a closed loop. In this paper, we review the theoretical backgrounds of these three interdisciplinary fields and their recent progress. Then, we introduce recent efforts to reintegrate these research fields into a coherent perspective and propose a new direction that integrates brain science and robotics where the decoding of information from the brain, robot control based on the decoded information and multimodal feedback to the brain from the robot are carried out in real time and in a closed loop.
authors.affiliation: Department of Brain Robot Interface, ATR Computational Neuroscience Labs, Kyoto, Japan xmorimo@atr.jp.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.affiliation: ATR Brain Information Communication research Laboratory Group, Kyoto, Japan kawato@atr.jp.
authors.forename: Mitsuo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawato
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D001185:Artificial Intelligence; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D003071:Cognition; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008328:Man-Machine Systems; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology; D009488:Neurosciences / Q000639:trends*; D012371:Robotics
keywords: computational neuroscience; exoskeleton robot; humanoid robot; motor learning; neurofeedback