title: Nonintubated anesthesia for thoracic surgery.
abstract: Nonintubated thoracic surgery has been used in procedures including pleura, lungs and mediastinum. Appropriate anesthesia techniques with or without sedation allow thoracic surgery patients to avoid the potential risks of intubated general anesthesia, particularly for the high-risk patients. However, nonintubated anesthesia for thoracic surgery has some benefits as well as problems. In this review, the background, indication, perioperative anesthetic consideration and management, and advantages and disadvantages are discussed and summarized.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Bei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Shengjin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ge
keywords: Thoracic surgery; anesthesia technique; epidural block; nonintubated anesthesia