title: Tolerance response of multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica strains to habituation to Origanum vulgare L. essential oil.
abstract: Multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica isolates from human outbreaks or from poultry origin were investigated for their ability to develop direct-tolerance or cross-tolerance to sodium chloride, potassium chloride, lactic acid, acetic acid, and ciprofloxacin after habituation in subinhibitory amounts ( of the minimum inhibitory concentration - (MIC) and of the minimum inhibitory concentration - MIC) of Origanum vulgare L. essential oil (OVEO) at different time intervals. The habituation of S. enterica to OVEO did not induce direct-tolerance or cross-tolerance in the tested strains, as assessed by the modulation of MIC values. However, cells habituated to OVEO maintained or increased susceptibility to the tested antimicrobials agents, with up to fourfold double dilution decrease from previously determined MIC values. This study reports for the first time the non-inductive effect of OVEO on the acquisition of direct-tolerance or cross-tolerance in multidrug-resistant S. enterica strains to antimicrobial agents that are largely used in food preservation, as well as to CIP, the therapeutic drug of salmonellosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Engineering, Center of Technology, Federal University of Paraiba João Pessoa, Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniel F M
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Monte
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba João Pessoa, Brazil.
authors.forename: Adassa G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Tavares
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Social Dentistry, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba João Pessoa, Brazil.
authors.forename: Allan R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Albuquerque
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Social Dentistry, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba João Pessoa, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fábio C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Sampaio
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Center of Agricultural Sciences, Londrina State University Londrina, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tereza C R M
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Center of Biochemical and Proteomic Analysis, Catholic University of Brasília Brasília, Brazil ; S-Inova, Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco Campo Grande, Brazil.
authors.forename: Octavio L
authors.initials: OL
authors.lastname: Franco
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba João Pessoa, Brazil.
authors.forename: Evandro L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbial Processes in Foods, Department of Food Engineering, Center of Technology, Federal University of Paraiba João Pessoa, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marciane
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Magnani
keywords: Salmonella; ciprofloxacin; multidrug-resistant; oregano; tolerance