title: Directing parthenogenetic stem cells differentiate into adipocytes for engineering injectable adipose tissue.
abstract: The selection of appropriate seed cells is crucial for adipose tissue engineering. Here, we reported the stepwise induction of parthenogenetic embryonic stem cells (pESCs) to differentiate into adipogenic cells and its application in engineering injectable adipose tissue with Pluronic F-127. pESCs had pluripotent differentiation capacity and could form teratomas that include the three primary germ layers. Cells that migrated from the embryoid bodies (EBs) were selectively separated and expanded to obtain embryonic mesenchymal stem cells (eMSCs). The eMSCs exhibited similar cell surface marker expression profiles with bone morrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and had multipotent differentiation capacity. Under the induction of dexamethasone, indomethacin, and insulin, eMSCs could differentiate into adipogenic cells with increased expression of adipose-specific genes and oil droplet depositions within the cytoplasm. To evaluate their suitability as seed cells for adipose tissue engineering, the CM-Dil labelled adipogenic cells derived from eMSCs were seeded into Pluronic F-127 hydrogel and injected subcutaneously into nude mice. Four weeks after injection, glistering and semitransparent constructs formed in the subcutaneous site. Histological observations demonstrated that new adipose tissue was successfully fabricated in the specimen by the labelled cells. The results of the current study indicated that pESCs have great potential in the fabrication of injectable adipose tissue.
authors.affiliation: Rege Lab of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
authors.forename: Xingyuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Rege Lab of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors.forename: Xingrong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Rege Lab of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors.forename: Jihong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Rege Lab of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors.forename: Wenguang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Rege Lab of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Rege Lab of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.affiliation: Rege Lab of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors.forename: Fulin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen