title: Serial heart rate variability testing for the evaluation of autonomic dysfunction after stroke.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Autonomic dysfunction has been described as a frequent complication of stroke that could involve the cardiac, respiratory, sudomotor, and sexual systems. Cardiac autonomic dysfunction after stroke is one of the most recognized and has been described to increase the rate of mortality and morbidity.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report two cases of stroke-one hemorrhagic and one ischemic-and describe heart rate variability during the patients' hospitalizations with improvement reported for each patient several days after stroke onset.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The first case demonstrated autonomic dysfunction with severe reduction of HRV after a right parietal hemorrhagic stroke. The second case demonstrated similar findings in a patient with acute ischemic stroke. In both cases, normalization of heart rate variability occurred several weeks after stroke symptoms onset and was paralleled by a dramatic improvement of the clinical status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data established that serial HRV testing is a noninvasive tool that could be utilized as a marker to evaluate the dynamics of acute stroke.
authors.affiliation: Neurological Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Zaid
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Al-Qudah
authors.affiliation: Center for Advanced Health Care, Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Hussam A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Yacoub
authors.affiliation: Neurological Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Nizar
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Souayah
keywords: autonomic dysfunction; heart rate variability; stroke