title: The myth of the angry atheist.
abstract: Atheists are often portrayed in the media and elsewhere as angry individuals. Although atheists disagree with the pillar of many religions, namely the existence of a God, it may not necessarily be the case that they are angry individuals. The prevalence and accuracy of angry-atheist perceptions were examined in 7 studies with 1,677 participants from multiple institutions and locations in the United States. Studies 1-3 revealed that people believe atheists are angrier than believers, people in general, and other minority groups, both explicitly and implicitly. Studies 4-7 then examined the accuracy of these beliefs. Belief in God, state anger, and trait anger were assessed in multiple ways and contexts. None of these studies supported the idea that atheists are particularly angry individuals. Rather, these results support the idea that people believe atheists are angry individuals, but they do not appear to be angrier than other individuals in reality.
authors.affiliation: a Gettysburg College.
authors.forename: Brian P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Meier
authors.forename: Adam K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Fetterman
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: Courtney M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Lappas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000786:Anger; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010551:Personality; D012069:Religion and Psychology; D013240:Stereotyping; D014481:United States / Q000208:ethnology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: anger; atheism; atheist; belief in God; personality; stereotypes