title: Imaging biomarkers in prostate cancer: role of PET/CT and MRI.
abstract: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is currently the most widely used biomarker of prostate cancer (PCa). PSA suggests the presence of primary tumour and disease relapse after treatment, but it is not able to provide a clear distinction between locoregional and distant disease. Molecular and functional imaging, that are able to provide a detailed and comprehensive overview of PCa extension, are more reliable tools for primary tumour detection and disease extension assessment both in staging and restaging. In the present review we evaluate the role of PET/CT and MRI in the diagnosis, staging and restaging of PCa, and the use of these imaging modalities in prognosis, treatment planning and response assessment. Innovative imaging strategies including new radiotracers and hybrid scanners such as PET/MRI are also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Nuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy, picchio.maria@hsr.it.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Picchio
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mapelli
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Panebianco
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Castellucci
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Incerti
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Briganti
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gandaglia
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kirienko
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barchetti
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nanni
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Montorsi
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gianolli
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fanti
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D064847:Multimodal Imaging; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen