title: Angiographic profile and endovascular interventions in Takayasu's arteritis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Takayasu's arteritis (TA) is a rare inflammatory, granulomatous vasculitis primarily involving the aorta and its major branches. Clinical and angiographic manifestations of the disease differ in various parts of the world.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the clinical features, angiographic profile, and endovascular interventions in TA patients (pts).
  
  
  METHODS
  From January 2009 to March 2013, a total of 62 consecutive pts who were diagnosed with Takayasu's arteritis at our institute based on American College of Rheumatology Criteria were included in the study. Thirty-four pts underwent conventional angiography, while 28 were evaluated using computed tomographic angiography. Endovascular interventions were attempted for 24 lesions in 23 pts who were symptomatic and had significant stenotic lesions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of presentation was 28.4 ± 9.7 years, with 69.4% female. Limb claudication (52%) was the most common presenting symptom, followed by vertigo (35%) and constitutional symptoms. The most common angiography class was type V (37.1%), followed by type I (32.2%), type IV (17.7%), type IIa (8.1%), type III (3.2%), and type IIb (1.6%). The most common artery involved was the subclavian (64.5%), with the left subclavian more commonly involved than the right, followed by the abdominal aorta (51.6%) and renal artery (32.2%). Stenotic lesions were present in 59 pts (95%), while aneurysmal involvement was seen in 17 (27.4%), with isolated aneurysmal involvement in 3 of these.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our cohort of TA pts had more severe and widespread involvement. Despite a more advanced presentation, percutaneous balloon angioplasty with stent implantation is feasible, with good immediate results but slightly higher complication rates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Bannerghatta Road, Bangalore - 560069, India. ajitpal11@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Ajit Pal
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Srinivas Budanur
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Chikkaswamy
authors.forename: Soumya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Patra
authors.forename: Madhav
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hegde
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Ravindranath
authors.forename: Mahimarangaiha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jayaranganath
authors.forename: Cholenahally Nanjappa
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Manjunath
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000792:Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D007383:Intermittent Claudication / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015607:Stents; D013625:Takayasu Arteritis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D014654:Vascular Patency; D014717:Vertigo / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology