title: Serum IL-6, IL-10, and TNFα levels in pediatric sickle cell disease patients during vasoocclusive crisis and steady state condition.
abstract: Vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC) is a significant complication of sickle cell disease (SCD), and altered production of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory molecules contributed to its pathogenesis. In view of the association of chronic inflammation with VOC onset, and given the capacity of interleukin (IL)-10 as anti-inflammatory, and IL-6, and TNFα as pro-inflammatory cytokines, we tested the association of altered IL-10, IL-6, and TNFα secretion with VOC pathogenesis and its severity. Study subjects comprised 147 SCD patients with active VOC (VOC Group), and 63 pain-free SCD patients for at least 9 months before blood collection (Steady-state Group). Serum cytokine concentrations were determined by ELISA. IL-10 levels were significantly reduced, while IL-6 levels were increased in VOC compared to Steady-state groups; serum TNFα levels were comparable between both groups. There was enrichment of low IL-10, but high IL-6 and TNFα quartiles in VOC Group, which translated into increased VOC risk. In contrast, high IL-10, but low IL-6 and TNFα quartiles were seen in Steady-state Group. Correlation analysis demonstrated significant association between reduced IL-10 levels and the frequency, type, severity, and duration of VOC and requirement for hydroxyurea treatment, while IL-6 correlated with duration of VOC episodes. Our data support strong association of reduced IL-10 and increased IL-6 levels with VOC, and their modulation of VOC-related parameters.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain. Electronic address: samehmss@agu.edu.bh.
authors.forename: Sameh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sarray
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain.
authors.forename: Layal R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Saleh
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lisa Saldanha
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain.
authors.forename: Hebah H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Al-Habboubi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama, Bahrain.
authors.forename: Najat
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mahdi
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain.
authors.forename: Wassim Y
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Almawi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000755:Anemia, Sickle Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006918:Hydroxyurea / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007223:Infant; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood*; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; C439524:TNF protein, human; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D006918:Hydroxyurea
keywords: Cytokine; Inflammation; Interleukin-10; Sickle cell disease; Vaso-occlusive crisis