title: Assessing Callous-Unemotional Traits in Preschool Children With Disruptive Behavior Problems Using Peer Reports.
abstract: The goal of this study was to examine the extent to which preschoolers with externalizing behavior problems (EBP) can identify behaviors indicative of callous-unemotional (CU) traits among their peers. Participants for this study included 86 preschool children (69% boys; Mage = 5.07 years) with at-risk or clinically elevated levels of EBP who were attending a summer treatment camp. Data collected from the children, their peers, and the counselors who worked at the summer camp examined preschoolers' social preference, likability, and behaviors indicative of CU. Parents and preschool teachers also reported on children's CU traits and severity of behavioral impairment, as well as school readiness. Peer nominations of CU traits showed (a) excellent factor structure as evidenced by clear CU items (e.g., "don't feel bad when they do something wrong") versus more prosocial items ("share," "cooperate"); (b) moderate construct validity when compared to counselor reports of the CU factor as well as preschool teacher reported ratings of CU traits and severity of behavioral impairment; and (c) good utility as evidenced by associations with peer and counselor rated social preference, likability, and school readiness measures as rated by both parents and preschool teachers. These findings indicate that as early as preschool, children with EBP can identify peers who engage in behaviors indicative of CU traits, which have significant implications for children's social status and overall school readiness.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Psychology , Florida International University.
authors.forename: Paulo A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Graziano
authors.affiliation: a Department of Psychology , Florida International University.
authors.forename: Rosmary
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ros
authors.affiliation: b Department of Psychology , University of Buffalo.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haas
authors.affiliation: a Department of Psychology , Florida International University.
authors.forename: Katie
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hart
authors.affiliation: c Department of Psychology , University of Maine.
authors.forename: Janine
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Slavec
authors.affiliation: d Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Waschbusch
authors.affiliation: a Department of Psychology , Florida International University.
authors.forename: Alexis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garcia
mesh_terms: D000987:Antisocial Personality Disorder / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019955:Conduct Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology*; D004645:Empathy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D010290:Parents / Q000193:education; D010379:Peer Group; D000066553:Problem Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D012574:Schools; D012931:Social Environment