title: Oral toxicity of 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one in rats.
abstract: 3-Nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO), an insensitive explosive, was evaluated to assess potential environmental and human health effects. A 14-day oral toxicity study in Sprague-Dawley rats was conducted with NTO in polyethylene glycol -200 by gavage at doses of 0, 250, 500, 1000, 1500, or 2000 mg/kg-d. Body mass and food consumption decreased in males (2000 mg/kg-d), and testes mass was reduced at doses of 500 mg/kg-d and greater. Based on the findings in the 14-day study, a 90-day study was conducted at doses of 0, 30, 100, 315, or 1000 mg/kg-d NTO. There was no effect on food consumption, body mass, or neurobehavioral parameters. Males in the 315 and 1000 mg/kg-d groups had reduced testes mass with associated tubular degeneration and atrophy. The testicular effects were the most sensitive adverse effect and were used to derive a benchmark dose (BMD) of 70 mg/kg-d with a 10% effect level (BMDL10) of 40 mg/kg-d.
authors.affiliation: U.S. Army Public Health Command, Army Institute of Public Health, Toxicology Portfolio, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Aberdeen, MD, USA lee.crouse.civ@mail.mil.
authors.forename: Lee C B
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Crouse
authors.affiliation: U.S. Army Public Health Command, Army Institute of Public Health, Toxicology Portfolio, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Aberdeen, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Emily May
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Lent
authors.affiliation: U.S. Army Public Health Command, Army Institute of Public Health, Toxicology Portfolio, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Aberdeen, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Glenn J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Leach
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D053834:Explosive Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity* / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D009574:Nitro Compounds / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity* / Q000652:urine; D009845:Oligospermia / Q000139:chemically induced; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013737:Testis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D059551:Toxicity Tests, Subacute; D059550:Toxicity Tests, Subchronic; D014230:Triazoles / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity* / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: C505897:3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one; D053834:Explosive Agents; D009574:Nitro Compounds; D014230:Triazoles
keywords: 2; 3-nitro-1; 4-triazole-5-one; FOB; NTO; benchmark dose; oral toxicity; rat; testicular toxicity