title: Assessment of shoulder external rotation range-of-motion on throwing athletes: the effects of testing end-range determination (active versus passive).
abstract: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of active or passive end-range determination (supine position) for external rotation range of motion (ROM) in overhead throwing athletes and verify if athletes' ROM is similar to non-athletes. Kinematic data from the dominant shoulder of 24 healthy male subjects, divided into two groups (12 athletes and 12 non-athletes) were recorded at end-range external rotation, thoracohumeral and glenohumeral external rotation angles were compared and a 2-way repeated-measures ANOVA was used to calculate the effects of end-range determination (passive versus active) across groups (athlete and non-athlete). A significant main effect (p < 0.001) on both thoracohumeral and glenohumeral external end-range angles was observed while the highest end-range determination values were associated with passive motion. No differences were observed between the athletic or non-athletic groups for either thoracohumeral (p = 0.784) or glenohumeral (p = 0.364) motion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport & Health, CIPER, LBMF, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon , Lisbon , Portugal and.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pascoal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D053587:Arthrometry, Articular; D056352:Athletes; D054874:Athletic Performance; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000502:physiology*; D016683:Supine Position; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Clinical assessment; overhead throwing athletes; shoulder external rotation