title: Biodegradable chitosan nanoparticle coatings on titanium for the delivery of BMP-2.
abstract: A simple method for the functionalization of a common implant material (Ti6Al4V) with biodegradable, drug loaded chitosan-tripolyphosphate (CS-TPP) nanoparticles is developed in order to enhance the osseointegration of endoprostheses after revision operations. The chitosan used has a tailored degree of acetylation which allows for a fast biodegradation by lysozyme. The degradability of chitosan is proven via viscometry. Characteristics and degradation of nanoparticles formed with TPP are analyzed using dynamic light scattering. The particle degradation via lysozyme displays a decrease in particle diameter of 40% after 4 days. Drug loading and release is investigated for the nanoparticles with bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), using ELISA and the BRE luciferase test for quantification and bioactivity evaluation. Furthermore, nanoparticle coatings on titanium substrates are created via spray-coating and analyzed by ellipsometry, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Drug loaded nanoparticle coatings with biologically active BMP-2 are obtained in vitro within this work. Additionally, an in vivo study in mice indicates the dose dependent induction of ectopic bone growth through CS-TPP-BMP-2 nanoparticles. These results show that biodegradable CS-TPP coatings can be utilized to present biologically active BMP-2 on common implant materials like Ti6Al4V.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Technische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hans-Sommer-Str. 10, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany. n.poth@tu-bs.de.
authors.forename: Nils
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Poth
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung, Signaling and Gene Regulation, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany. virginia.seiffart@uk-essen.de.
authors.forename: Virginia
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Seiffart
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung, Signaling and Gene Regulation, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany. gerhard.gross@helmholtz-hzi.de.
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gross
authors.affiliation: Institut für Technische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hans-Sommer-Str. 10, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany. h.menzel@tu-bs.de.
authors.forename: Henning
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Menzel
authors.affiliation: Institut für Technische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hans-Sommer-Str. 10, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany. w.dempwolf@tu-bs.de.
authors.forename: Wibke
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Dempwolf
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation; D000497:Alloys; D000818:Animals; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D065546:Drug Liberation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000187:drug effects; D011122:Polyphosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000497:Alloys; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D004337:Drug Carriers; D011122:Polyphosphates; C031462:titanium alloy (TiAl6V4); D048271:Chitosan; D014025:Titanium; C005692:triphosphoric acid