title: Colloidal silver nanoparticles improve anti-leukemic drug efficacy via amplification of oxidative stress.
abstract: Recently, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and altered redox status in cancer cells have become a novel therapeutic strategy to improve cancer selectivity over normal cells. It has been known that silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) display anti-leukemic activity via ROS overproduction. Hence, we hypothesized that AgNPs could improve therapeutic efficacy of ROS-generating agents against leukemia cells. In the current study, N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide (4-HPR), a synthetic retinoid, was used as a drug model of ROS induction to investigate its synergistic effect with AgNPs. The data exhibited that AgNPs with uniform size prepared by an electrochemical method could localize in the lysosomes, mitochondria and cytoplasm of SHI-1 cells. More importantly, AgNPs together with 4-HPR could exhibit more cytotoxicity and apoptosis via overproduction of ROS in comparison with that alone. Taken together, these results reveal that AgNPs combined with ROS-generating drugs could potentially enhance therapeutic efficacy against leukemia cells, thereby providing a novel strategy for AgNPs in leukemia therapy.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
authors.forename: Dawei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
authors.forename: Junren
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou, Nanjing 210096, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhihai
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, PR China. Electronic address: nauvy@sina.com.
authors.forename: Shanxiang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou, Nanjing 210096, PR China. Electronic address: guning@seu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gu
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003102:Colloids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D017313:Fenretinide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010316:Particle Size; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D003102:Colloids; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D017313:Fenretinide; D012834:Silver
keywords: N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide; Reactive oxygen species; Silver nanoparticles; Therapeutic efficacy