title: A study of gender-wise risk association between fatty liver and metabolic syndrome components (Asia-Pacific criteria) in a South Indian urban cohort.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Metabolic syndrome (MS) is associated with fatty liver (FL) disease. Gender differences in this association are not known.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to determine gender-wise association between FL and MS components (using Asia-Pacific guidelines 2007) in an urban south Indian cohort with normal liver function tests (LFT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Records of consecutive attendees of a Master Health Check up program were reviewed for age, gender, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, fasting blood sugar (FBS), high-density lipoproteins, triglyceride (TG) levels, presence of FL by ultrasound. The cohort was grouped gender-wise as FL and nonfatty liver (NFL). Foreign nationals; those with alcohol intake >20 g/day; and those with diabetes, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, chronic liver disease, or abnormal LFT were excluded.
  
  
  METHODS
  Chi-square, gender-wise univariate and logistic regression analyses of each MS component for FL, relative risk (RR), and 95 % confidence interval (CI) for significant factors (p < 0.05 and RR or log odds >1.5) were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 1,075 (63 % males) cases included, 45.8 % had FL. Gender (log odds 1.6 compared to women) and BMI ≥25 kg/m(2) (RR 1.6 % to 95 % CI 1.3 to 1.9; log odds 2.2) were the only factors associated with FL in men. In women, age ≥40 years (log odds 2.3), fasting blood sugar (FBS) ≥100 mg/dL (RR 1.8-1.4 to 2.3; log odds 1.9), and TG ≥150 mg/dL (RR 1.7-1.3 to 2.1; log odds 1.7) were independently associated with FL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was a gender-wise difference in MS components associated with hepatic steatosis and normal LFT in a south Indian urban cohort.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Global Health City, 439, Cheran Nagar, Perumbakkam, Chennai, 600 100, India, drsrinivasm@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Srinivas
authors.forename: Vijaya
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Srinivasan
authors.forename: Madhu Bashini
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Mohan
authors.forename: Joy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Varghese
authors.forename: Jayanthi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Venkataraman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001786:Blood Glucose; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005215:Fasting; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D014280:Triglycerides