title: IMAGING DIAGNOSIS-THROMBOSED ORBITAL VARIX IN A DOG.
abstract: A 9-week-old female Rhodesian Ridgeback presented with exophthalmos following minor blunt trauma to the left orbital area. Ocular ultrasound showed an extraconal retrobulbar mass ventromedial to the left globe. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging demonstrated a thrombosed orbital vascular malformation without intracranial extension. Doppler ultrasound features of nonpulsatile slow flow were consistent with an orbital varix. Contrast-enhanced dynamic time-resolved and high-resolution MR angiography demonstrated the varix arose from the anastomotic branch of the dorsal and ventral external ophthalmic veins. Conservative management led to a positive outcome defined as a visual eye and nearly normal cosmetic appearance at 8-month follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Newmarket, Suffolk, CB8 7UU, UK.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Holloway
authors.affiliation: Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Newmarket, Suffolk, CB8 7UU, UK.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Donaldson
authors.affiliation: Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Newmarket, Suffolk, CB8 7UU, UK.
authors.forename: Christiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kafarnik
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D004285:Dogs; D005094:Exophthalmos / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000662:veterinary; D009915:Orbit / Q000098:blood supply*; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler / Q000662:veterinary; D014648:Varicose Veins / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*
keywords: MRI; dog; imaging; orbital varix; ultrasound