title: Resilience, self-efficacy, coping styles and depressive and anxiety symptoms in those newly diagnosed with multiple sclerosis.
abstract: High levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms have been reported by individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). This study examined the associations between resilience, self-efficacy and coping and depressive and anxiety symptoms and whether resilience, self-efficacy and coping were predictors of depressive and anxiety symptoms in patients newly diagnosed with MS. A sample of 129 individuals newly diagnosed with MS participated in this cross-sectional study and completed an online questionnaire assessing resilience, self-efficacy, coping and depressive and anxiety symptoms. Results revealed that depressive and anxiety symptoms were significantly associated with problem-focused, emotion-focused and avoidance coping strategies, resilience and self-efficacy. Anxiety symptoms were also significantly associated with employment status and level of disability. Results from hierarchical multiple regression revealed that the resilience subscale of personal competence, the avoidance coping style of substance use and emotion-focused coping styles of venting predicted depressive symptoms and uniquely accounted for 63.8% of the variance in the depression score, F (18, 124) = 10.36, p = .000. Level of disability and employment status accounted for 13.2% of the anxiety score and avoidance coping style of denial and emotion-focused coping style of humour accounted for 36.4% of the variance in the anxiety symptom score, F (15, 112) = 6.37, p = .000. Our findings suggest that resilience and avoidance and emotion-focused coping strategies are predictive of depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms in those newly diagnosed with MS. Resilience and coping styles may be another target for interventions aimed at managing depressive and anxiety symptoms in those newly diagnosed with MS.
authors.affiliation: a Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences , University of Melbourne , Melbourne , Victoria 3010 , Australia.
authors.forename: Stef
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tan-Kristanto
authors.forename: Litza A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Kiropoulos
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology*; D001362:Avoidance Learning; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003717:Denial, Psychological; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology*; D004644:Emotions; D004651:Employment / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D020528:Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D020529:Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012044:Regression Analysis; D055500:Resilience, Psychological; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D014925:Wit and Humor as Topic / Q000523:psychology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: anxiety; coping; depression; multiple sclerosis; resilience; self-efficacy