title: Fascin expression in cholesteatoma: correlation with destruction of the ossicular chain and extent of disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Fascin is an actin-bundling protein found in cell membrane protrusions and increases cell motility. The expression of fascin in epithelial neoplasms has been described only recently. No data are available concerning the role of this protein in invasive cholesteatoma. Thus, we investigated the expression of fascin in cholesteatoma tissue and the relationship between fascin expression and intraoperative evaluation of the destruction of the ossicular chain and extent of disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cholesteatoma specimens of 28 patients and external auditory canal (EAC) skin specimens of the same patients (as the control group) were collected from mastoidectomies. Immunohistochemical technique was used to investigate the fascin expression in all cholesteatoma tissues and EAC skin specimens. Immunohistochemical staining was assessed semiquantitatively based on the thickness of epithelium. SPSS software version 16.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) was performed to statistically analyse the relationships between fascin expression and intraoperative evaluation destruction of ossicular chain and extent of the disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Immunohistochemically, there was no or very low fascin expression observed in normal epithelial cells of EAC skin, while expressed in cholesteatoma tissue. Also, fascin expression in cholesteatoma tissues was significantly correlated with destruction of ossicular chain and extent of the disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fascin expression is usually found in cholesteatoma epithelium and is correlated with destruction of the ossicular chain and extent of disease. Considering all of the correlations between the clinical and histopathological findings, 'fascin immunoexpression scoring' may be used for histological grading of cholesteatoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Marmara University, Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: A
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2797-0248
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Binnetoglu
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Marmara University, Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sari
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Marmara University, Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Baglam
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Marmara University, Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Erbarut Seven
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Marmara University, Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Yumusakhuylu
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Marmara University, Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Topuz
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Marmara University, Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Batman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018424:Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D004429:Ear Ossicles / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008840:Microfilament Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; C020324:fascin