title: High expression level of antioxidants and pharmaceutical bioactivities of endophytic fungus Chaetomium globosum JN711454.
abstract: In order to maximize antioxidant activity of pharmaceutical bioactive endophytic fungus Chaetomium globosum JN711454 during fermentation process, designed fermentation experiments of culture media for three levels of eight culture factors were performed using a Taguchi orthogonal array (OA) design with layout L18 (2(1) × 3(7)). The agitation and the potato extract were the most significant affecting factors, and their interaction contributed significantly to fungus activity. The production of antioxidants was more favorable for static condition with 25 g potato extract/100 m. The remaining factors had no strong impact when considered individually. The validation of statistically optimized medium indicated the improvement of antioxidant activity to a level of twofold with approximately overall 40% enhancement in activity. The extract of optimized medium was investigated for various pharmaceutical bioactivities; it revealed a moderate antimicrobial activity, strong anticancer activity against HepG-2, UACC62 cell lines, an antiviral activity against HSV-2 virus, and strong inhibitory activity to butyrylcholinesterase enzyme, one of the neurohydrolase enzymes that play a major role in development of Alzheimer's disease. As a result of applying statistical fermentation designs, the optimized conditions of endophytic fungus C. globosum JN711454 developed a cost-effective production medium by using inexpensive commercial potato extracts statically, which can lower the energy requirement and could become an efficient, economic, and viable fermentation process for production of pharmaceutical secondary metabolites.
authors.affiliation: a Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine , Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany.|b Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Product Department and Pharmaceutical Research Laboratory , Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Center , Cairo , Egypt.
authors.forename: Khaled A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Selim
authors.affiliation: b Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Product Department and Pharmaceutical Research Laboratory , Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Center , Cairo , Egypt.
authors.forename: Ahmed A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: El-Beih
authors.affiliation: c Botany Department , Faculty of Science, Cairo University , Giza , Egypt.
authors.forename: Tahany M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Abdel-Rahman
authors.affiliation: b Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Product Department and Pharmaceutical Research Laboratory , Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Center , Cairo , Egypt.
authors.forename: Ahmed I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: El-Diwany
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002597:Chaetomium / Q000378:metabolism*; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry / Q000191:economics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D060026:Endophytes / Q000378:metabolism; D005285:Fermentation; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology; D007218:Industrial Microbiology / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011198:Solanum tuberosum / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D003470:Culture Media; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; Taguchi design; anticancer; antioxidant; antiviral; cost-effective fermentation; endophytic Chaetomium globosum