title: Effect of differential drying techniques on PLGA nanoparticles containing hydrophobic and hydrophilic anticancer agents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles containing both paclitaxel (PTX) and gemcitabine hydrochloride (GEM) were prepared and the effect of lyophilization and spray drying on physicochemical characteristics of these nanoparticles were evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nanoemulsions were prepared by oil-in-water emulsion solvent diffusion technique using sonication and high-pressure homogenization. Nanoemulsion was dried using lyophilization or spray drying and drug content analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The particle size of the nanoemulsion was 183.6 ± 10.8 nm and the entrapment efficiency for PTX and GEM was 72.01 ± 1.35% and 6.95 ± 3.97%. Many properties including particle size, stability, surface morphology, moisture content, release characteristic and cellular uptake in MDCK and MDA-MB-231 cells were affected by the method of drying.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The lyophilized nanoparticles were smaller in size with higher stability and cellular uptake than spray-dried nanoparticles.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy Sciences, School of Pharmacy & Health Professions, Creighton University, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178, USA.
authors.forename: Sneha S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Dhapare
authors.forename: Alekha K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Dash
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D004355:Drug Stability; D005612:Freeze Drying; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid
keywords: MDA-MB-231 cells; MDCK; PLGA; gemcitabine; lyophilization; paclitaxel; spray drying