title: Microstructured zirconia surfaces modulate osteogenic marker genes in human primary osteoblasts.
abstract: In dentistry, zirconia has been used since the early 1990s for endodontic posts, more recently for implant abutments and frameworks for fixed dental prostheses. Zirconia is biocompatible and mechanically strong enough to serve as implant material for oral implants. Although several zirconia implant systems are available, currently the scientific and clinical data for zirconia implants are not sufficient to recommend them for routine clinical use. Here the influence of microstructured yttria-stabilized zirconia (YZ) on human primary osteoblast (HOB) behavior was determined. YZ surfaces were treated by sandblasting (YZ-S), acid etching (YZ-SE) and additionally heat treatment (YZ-SEH). Morphological changes of HOB were determined by scanning electron microscopy. Actin cytoskeleton was investigated by laser scanning microscopy and analyzed by novel actin quantification software. Differentiation of HOB was determined by real time RT-PCR. Improved mechanical interlocking of primary HOB into the porous microstructure of the acid etched and additionally heat treated YZ-surfaces correlates with drastically increased osteocalcin (OCN) gene expression. In particular, OCN was considerably elevated in primary HOB after 3 days on YZ-SE (13-fold) as well as YZ-SEH (12-fold) surfaces. Shorter actin filaments without any favored orientation on YZ-SE and YZ-SEH surfaces are associated with higher roughness (Ra) values. Topographically modified yttria-stabilized zirconia is a likely material for dental implants with cell stimulating properties achieving or actually exceeding those of titanium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Rostock, Schillingallee 69, 18057, Rostock, Germany.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bergemann
authors.forename: Kathrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Duske
authors.forename: J Barbara
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Nebe
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schöne
authors.forename: Ulrike
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bulnheim
authors.forename: Hermann
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Seitz
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fischer
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000737:chemistry; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D015921:Dental Implants; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000378:metabolism; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012984:Software; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D015040:Zirconium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D015921:Dental Implants; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D015675:Osteocalcin; D015040:Zirconium; C028541:zirconium oxide