title: Chronic fluoxetine increases extra-hippocampal neurogenesis in adult mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chronic treatment with antidepressants has been shown to enhance neurogenesis in the adult mammalian brain. Although this effect was initially reported to be restricted to the hippocampus, recent work has suggested that fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, also promotes neurogenesis in the cortex. However, whether antidepressants target neural progenitor cells in other brain regions has not been examined.
  
  
  METHODS
  Here, we used BrdU labeling and immunohistochemistry with a transgenic mouse line in which nestin+ neural progenitor cells can be inducibly labeled with the fluorescent protein, Tomato, following tamoxifen administration. We investigated the effects of chronic fluoxetine on cell proliferation and nestin+ progenitor cells in periventricular areas in the medial hypothalamus and medial habenula, two brain areas involved in stress and anxiety responses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our data provide the first in vivo evidence that fluoxetine promotes cell proliferation and neurogenesis and increases the mRNA levels of BDNF in the hypothalamus and habenula.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  By identifying novel cellular targets of fluoxetine, our results may provide new insight into the mechanisms underlying antidepressant responses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (Drs Sachs and Caron); Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (Dr Caron).
authors.forename: Benjamin D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Sachs
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (Drs Sachs and Caron); Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (Dr Caron). m.caron@cellbio.duke.edu.
authors.forename: Marc G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Caron
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018687:Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D000089622:Doublecortin Domain Proteins; D005473:Fluoxetine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019262:Habenula / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D057507:Mice, 129 Strain; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D064231:Nestin / Q000378:metabolism; D058953:Neural Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D055495:Neurogenesis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018687:Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; C492004:Creb1 protein, mouse; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; D000089622:Doublecortin Domain Proteins; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; C577485:Nes protein, mouse; D064231:Nestin; D009479:Neuropeptides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D005473:Fluoxetine; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine
keywords: antidepressant; habenula; hypothalamus; neurogenesis