title: Treating cancer with sonodynamic therapy: a review.
abstract: Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has emerged as a promising option for the minimally invasive treatment of solid cancerous tumours. SDT requires the combination of three distinct components: a sensitising drug, ultrasound, and molecular oxygen. Individually, these components are non-toxic but when combined together generate cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS). The major advantage of SDT over its close relative photodynamic therapy (PDT), is the increased penetration of ultrasound through mammalian tissue compared to light. As a result, SDT can be used to treat a wider array of deeper and less accessible tumours than PDT. In this article, we critically review the current literature on SDT and discuss strategies that have been developed in combination with SDT to enhance the therapeutic outcome.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, University of Ulster , Coleraine, Northern Ireland , UK and.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Costley
authors.forename: Conor
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mc Ewan
authors.forename: Colin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fowley
authors.forename: Anthony P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: McHale
authors.forename: Jordan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Atchison
authors.forename: Nikolitsa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nomikou
authors.forename: John F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Callan
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014464:Ultrasonic Therapy
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species
keywords: Cancer; photodynamic therapy; reactive oxygen species; sonodynamic therapy; sonosensitiser; ultrasound