title: Embedding cognizance in intellectual development.
abstract: This study examined whether cognizance of cognitive processes (i.e., awareness of the perceptual and inferential origins of knowledge) mediates between basic processing efficiency functions (i.e., processing speed, attention control, and working memory) and fluid cognition (e.g., performance on Raven-like matrices) during development. For this aim, children from 4 to 8 years of age were examined by various measures addressed to each of these processes. All processes developed systematically throughout this age period. Structural equation modeling showed that awareness does have this mediating role, that this mediation is phase specific based on perceptual awareness and theory of mind during the 5- and 6-year phase and on inferential awareness during the 7- and 8-year phase, and that it builds up within each developmental cycle. Attention control emerges from, rather than directs, working memory and largely remains beyond awareness through the age span studied. Implications for theory of intellectual development are discussed.
authors.affiliation: University of Cyprus, 1678 Nocosia, Cyprus.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Spanoudis
authors.affiliation: University of Nicosia, 1700 Nicosia, Cyprus. Electronic address: demetriou.a@unic.ac.cy.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Demetriou
authors.affiliation: Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences, 17971 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Smargada
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kazi
authors.affiliation: University of Nicosia, 1700 Nicosia, Cyprus.
authors.forename: Katerina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Giorgala
authors.affiliation: University of Nicosia, 1700 Nicosia, Cyprus.
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Zenonos
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development / Q000502:physiology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007360:Intelligence / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male
keywords: Attention control; Awareness; Cognizance; Fluid cognition; Processing speed; Working memory