title: The relation between CA 19-9 level and early-phase insulin secretion in normoglycemic and prediabetic subjects.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 is used as a clinical tumor marker of pancreatic cancer; recent studies report that CA 19-9 is also associated with changes in blood glucose levels. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between serum CA 19-9 levels and early-phase insulin secretion in nondiabetic individuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  We enrolled 269 normoglycemic participants and 172 prediabetic participants who had undergone the 75-g oral glucose tolerance test during their annual health examination. Insulin secretion was estimated using the disposition index (DI) [(Δinsulin(0-30 min)/Δglucose(0-30 min) × (1/HOMA-IR)], which is an adjusted measure of relationship between β-cell sensitivity and insulin sensitivity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum CA 19-9 level was significantly higher in the prediabetic participants than in the normoglycemic participants. Simple linear regression analysis showed a negative correlation between CA 19-9 levels and DI for all participants and prediabetic participants (r = -0.126, p = 0.009, and r = -0.189, p = 0.002, respectively). However, in the normoglycemic participants, CA 19-9 levels did not correlate with DI. For all participants, and prediabetic subjects, multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that serum CA 19-9 levels were one of the independent predictors of DI (adjusted β = -0.098, p = 0.025, and adjusted β = -0.177, p = 0.004, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum CA 19-9 levels significantly correlate with early-phase insulin secretion in the prediabetic individuals. Our results indicate that CA 19-9 may be involved in the endocrine function of pancreas.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Iida Municipal Hospital, Nagano - Japan.
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shimodaira
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Niwa
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: Mutsuhiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Norinao
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hanyu
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakayama
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D018395:CA-19-9 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011236:Prediabetic State
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D018395:CA-19-9 Antigen; D007328:Insulin