title: Analysis of B-cell subpopulations in monoclonal gammopathies.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by accumulation of pathological plasma cells (PCs) in bone marrow (BM) as a result of deregulation of B-cell development. To clarify its pathophysiology it is necessary to investigate in detail the developmental stages of B-cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Enumeration of total CD19-positive (CD19(+)) cells and their subpopulations together with PCs was done in peripheral blood (PB) and BM of newly diagnosed monoclonal gammopathy patients and control subjects. Representation of subsets was compared among groups and relationships between subset percentage and cytogenetic/biochemical findings were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A lower number of total CD19(+) cells was found in MM, particularly in advanced stages of disease. Reduction of naive (P < .01) and transitional B-cells (P < .05) and increase of switched memory and switched CD27(-) B-cells and germinal center founder cells were detected in PB of MM compared with controls (P < .01). Similar results were found in BM. β2 microglobulin level in MM positively correlated with the number of PCs and negatively with percentage of naive B-cells (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results provided a detailed phenotypic profile and enumeration of B and PC subpopulations in monoclonal gammopathy patients. A reduced number of B-cells and particularly a differentiation shift to more numerous antigen-stimulated forms was observed in MM. This might indicate a potential source of myeloma-initiating cells in one of these subpopulations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Haematology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic; Babak Myeloma Group, Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Pavla
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Všianská
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Haematology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic; Babak Myeloma Group, Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic. Electronic address: lucie.rihova@fnbrno.cz.
authors.forename: Lucie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Říhová
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Haematology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic; Babak Myeloma Group, Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Tamara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Varmužová
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Haematology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Suská
authors.affiliation: Babak Myeloma Group, Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic; Department of Haematooncology, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Fedor
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kryukov
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Haematology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic; Babak Myeloma Group, Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Aneta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mikulášová
authors.affiliation: Babak Myeloma Group, Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kupská
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Haematology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Miroslav
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Penka
authors.affiliation: Babak Myeloma Group, Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Internal Medicine, Haematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Luděk
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pour
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Haematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Zdeněk
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Adam
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Haematology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic; Babak Myeloma Group, Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic; Department of Haematooncology, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Roman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hájek
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000378:metabolism; D016175:B-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008998:Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010265:Paraproteinemias / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010641:Phenotype
chemical_list: D000954:Antigens, Surface
keywords: B-cell; Flow Cytometry; Monoclonal Gammopathy; Multiple Myeloma; Plasma Cell