title: Cardiovascular Stress Induced by Whole-Body Vibration Exercise in Individuals With Chronic Stroke.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although whole-body vibration (WBV) has sparked tremendous research interest in neurorehabilitation, the cardiovascular responses to WBV in people with stroke remain unknown.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine the acute effects of different WBV protocols on oxygen consumption (V̇o2), heart rate (HR), rate of perceived exertion (RPE), blood pressure (BP), and rate-pressure product (RPP) during the performance of 6 different exercises among people with chronic stroke (time since onset ≥6 months).
  
  
  METHODS
  A repeated-measures design was used.
  
  
  METHODS
  Each of the 48 participants experienced all 3 WBV protocols in separate sessions: (1) no WBV, (2) low-intensity WBV (peak acceleration=0.96 unit of gravity of Earth [g]), and (3) high-intensity WBV (1.61g). The order in which they encountered the WBV protocols was randomized, as was the order of exercises performed during each session. Oxygen consumption, HR, and RPE were measured throughout the study. Blood pressure and RPP were measured before and after each session.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Low-intensity and high-intensity WBV induced significantly higher V̇o2 by an average of 0.69 and 0.79 mL/kg/min, respectively, compared with the control condition. These protocols also increased HR by an average of 4 bpm. The 2 WBV protocols induced higher RPE than the control condition during static standing exercise only. Although the diastolic and systolic BP and RPP were increased at the end of each exercise session, the addition of WBV had no significant effect on these variables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results are generalizable only to ambulatory and community-dwelling people with chronic stroke.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Addition of high- and low-intensity WBV significantly increased the V̇o2 and HR, but the increase was modest. Thus, WBV should not pose any substantial cardiovascular hazard in people with chronic stroke.
authors.affiliation: L-R. Liao, MPT, Department of Physiotherapy, Guangdong Provincial Work Injury Rehabilitation Hospital, Guangzhou, China, and Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Lin-Rong
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: G.Y.F. Ng, PhD, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University.
authors.forename: Gabriel Y F
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.affiliation: A.Y.M. Jones, PhD, School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.
authors.forename: Alice Y M
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: M.Y.C. Pang, PhD, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China. Marco.Pang@polyu.edu.hk.
authors.forename: Marco Y C
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Pang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*; D020521:Stroke / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation; D014732:Vibration / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*