title: Outreach training model for accredited colorectal specialists in laparoscopic colorectal surgery: feasibility and evaluation of challenges.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility and safety of an outreach model of laparoscopic colorectal training of accredited specialists in advanced laparoscopic techniques and to explore the challenges of this model from the perspective of a National Training Programme (NTP) trainer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective data were collected for unselected laparoscopic colorectal training procedures performed by five laparoscopic colorectal NTP trainees supervised by a single NTP trainer with an outreach model between 2009 and 2012. The operative and postoperative outcomes were compared with standard laparoscopic colorectal training procedures performed by six senior colorectal trainees under the supervision of the same NTP trainer within the same study period. The primary outcome was 30-day mortality. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare continuous variables and the Chi squared or Fisher's exact tests were applied for the analysis of categorical variables. The level of statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the study period 179 elective laparoscopic colorectal procedures were performed. This included 54 cases performed by NTP trainees and 125 cases performed by the supervised trainees. There were no significant differences in age, gender, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists grade, pathology and procedure type between both groups. Seventy-eight per cent of the patients operated on by the NTP trainees had had no previous abdominal surgery, compared with 50% in the supervised trainees' group (P = 0.0005). There were no significant differences in 30-day mortality or the operative and postoperative outcome between both groups. There were, however, difficulties in training an already established consultant in his or her own hospital and these were overcome by certain adjustments to the programme.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Outreach laparoscopic training of colorectal surgeons is a feasible and safe model of training accredited specialists and does not compromise patient care. The challenges encountered can be overcome with optimum training and preparation.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Yeovil District Hospital, Yeovil, UK.
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Hamdan
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Yeovil District Hospital, Yeovil, UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Day
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Yeovil District Hospital, Yeovil, UK.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Millar
authors.affiliation: Southwest Surgical Training Network, Yeovil, UK.
authors.forename: F J C
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, UK.
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Coleman
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Yeovil District Hospital, Yeovil, UK.
authors.forename: N K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Francis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003107:Colorectal Surgery / Q000193:education* / Q000379:methods; D003253:Consultants; D004502:Education, Medical, Continuing / Q000379:methods*; D004739:England; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005762:Gastroenterology / Q000193:education*; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000193:education* / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013038:Specialization; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Laparoscopy; accredited specialist; colorectal; outreach; training