title: The impact of frailty in older patients with non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy after implantation of cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Frailty status impacts the prognosis in older patients with heart disease. However, frailty status impact is unknown in patients with non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy after cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Functional measures of baseline frailty and clinical data were collected for all patients with non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy before CRT defibrillator (CRT-D) implantation. The level of frailty was assessed using the Fried and Walston definition. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to examine the association between baseline frailty and decompensated heart failure (HF) at the 12 months follow-up. The cohort study consisted of 102 patients with a mean age of 73 ± 4 years, 53% of which were male patients. Twenty-nine patients (28%) were classified as frail before CRT-D implantation. Twenty-seven patients experienced decompensated HF after CRT-D implantation at the 12-month follow-up. In the non-frail group, 12 of 73 patients (16.4%) experienced episodes of decompensated HF. In contrast, 15 of 29 (55.6%) frail patients experienced higher proportions of decompensated HF (P < 0.001). Patients who were frail (hazard ratio 4.55, 95% confidence interval 1.726-12.013) were at increased risk for the decompensated HF (P for trend = 0.002) compared with those who were not frail.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Frailty is a strong predictor of adverse post-implantation outcome in patients with non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy undergoing CRT-D.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Ofra s/n La Cuesta, Tenerife E-38320, Spain adrvdg@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dominguez-Rodriguez
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Abreu-Gonzalez
authors.affiliation: Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Tenerife, Spain.
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jimenez-Sosa
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Ofra s/n La Cuesta, Tenerife E-38320, Spain.
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Ofra s/n La Cuesta, Tenerife E-38320, Spain.
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Caballero-Estevez
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Ofra s/n La Cuesta, Tenerife E-38320, Spain.
authors.forename: Felisa Vanesa
authors.initials: FV
authors.lastname: Martín-Casañas
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Ofra s/n La Cuesta, Tenerife E-38320, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lara-Padron
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Juan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Aranda
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D016330:Frail Elderly / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Cardiac resynchronization therapy-defibrillator; Frail elderly; Heart failure; Non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy;