title: Toxicological effects of carbosulfan in rats: Antioxidant, enzymological, biochemical, and hematological responses.
abstract: Carbosulfan is often used in agriculture for pest control on crops and for treatment against pyrethroid-resistant mosquitoes. This study investigated the impact of carbosulfan on oxidative stress markers, antioxidant defense, hematological, biochemical, and enzymological parameters in Sprague Dawley rats. Rats were orally administered carbosulfan doses of 1.02 to 10.20 mg/kg body weight daily; after 96 h, blood samples were taken, and the liver, kidney, and brain were dissected out for study. Results indicate that carbosulfan significantly increased the levels of lipid peroxidation and suppressed the activity of reduced glutathione, glutathione reductase, catalase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and adenosine triphosphatase. A mixed trend was observed in the activity of superoxide dismutase, while an increase was observed in the levels of serum uric acid, urea, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase. Hemoglobin and albumin levels decreased but no significant differences were observed in creatinine and bilirubin levels. Future studies should include a more detailed analysis of the effects of chronic carbosulfan exposure on these biomarkers to further assess the impact of the pesticide on mammalian models.
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria UNESCO Trace Elements Satellite Centre, School of Studies in Zoology, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India didigwunwani@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Christopher Didigwu
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Nwani
authors.affiliation: UNESCO Trace Elements Satellite Centre, School of Studies in Zoology, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Narottam Das
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Agrawal
authors.affiliation: UNESCO Trace Elements Satellite Centre, School of Studies in Zoology, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Suchita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Raghuvanshi
authors.affiliation: UNESCO Trace Elements Satellite Centre, School of Studies in Zoology, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Amita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jaswal
authors.affiliation: UNESCO Trace Elements Satellite Centre, School of Studies in Zoology, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Sadhana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shrivastava
authors.affiliation: UNESCO Trace Elements Satellite Centre, School of Studies in Zoology, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Neelu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sinha
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Grace
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Onyishi
authors.affiliation: UNESCO Trace Elements Satellite Centre, School of Studies in Zoology, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Sangeeta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shukla
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000378:metabolism; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D002219:Carbamates / Q000633:toxicity*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014508:Urea / Q000097:blood; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D002219:Carbamates; D006454:Hemoglobins; D012709:Serum Albumin; D014527:Uric Acid; D014508:Urea; D003404:Creatinine; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; D005978:Glutathione; D001663:Bilirubin; C035038:carbosulfan
keywords: Antioxidant enzymes; biochemical parameters; carbosulfan; oxidative stress; rat; toxicity