title: Gut microbiota. Antimicrobial peptide resistance mediates resilience of prominent gut commensals during inflammation.
abstract: Resilience to host inflammation and other perturbations is a fundamental property of gut microbial communities, yet the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. We have found that human gut microbes from all dominant phyla are resistant to high levels of inflammation-associated antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and have identified a mechanism for lipopolysaccharide (LPS) modification in the phylum Bacteroidetes that increases AMP resistance by four orders of magnitude. Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron mutants that fail to remove a single phosphate group from their LPS were displaced from the microbiota during inflammation triggered by pathogen infection. These findings establish a mechanism that determines the stability of prominent members of a healthy microbiota during perturbation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. Microbial Sciences Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Cullen
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. Microbial Sciences Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
authors.forename: W B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Schofield
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. Microbial Sciences Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Barry
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. Microbial Sciences Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Putnam
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Rundell
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biosciences and Institute of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Trent
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Degnan
authors.affiliation: Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Booth
authors.affiliation: Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. Microbial Sciences Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. andrew.goodman@yale.edu.
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Goodman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D001439:Bacteroides / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D003092:Colitis / Q000382:microbiology*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000382:microbiology*; D005856:Germ-Free Life; D006801:Humans; D008050:Lipid A / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D064307:Microbiota / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D011112:Polymyxin B / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013559:Symbiosis
chemical_list: D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D008050:Lipid A; C095015:lipid A 4'-phosphatase; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; D011112:Polymyxin B