title: Immune Modulation of B. terrestris Worker (a Type of Bumblebee), Extract on CFA-induced Paw Edema in Rats.
abstract: To develop a composition for enhancing immunity, based on alcohol extracts of the bumblebee as an active ingredient, bumblebee ethanol extracts were evaluated for their protective effect in chronic models of inflammation, adjuvant induced rat arthritis. B. terrestris worker extract (SDIEX) and, B. hypocrita sapporoensis lava an pupa extract (SPDYBEX), significantly decreased paw edema in arthritic rats, at a dose 100 mg/kg, respectively. The cytokine levels related inflammation of COX-2, sPLA2, VEGF, and TNF-α, were decreased, compared to positive control, indomethacin (5 mg/kg). Histopathological data demonstrated decreases inflammatory activity, hind paw edema, and repaired hyaline articular cartilage in DRG over a 2 wk administration. HPLC and GC-MS analysis of SDIEX and SPDYBEX revealed the presence of cantharidin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Wanju, Korea.
authors.forename: Mi Young
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Wanju, Korea.
authors.forename: Soon Ja
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Wanju, Korea.
authors.forename: Jea Woong
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Wanju, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyung Joo
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Wanju, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Sam
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Wanju, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Young
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Yun
keywords: B. hypocrita sapporoensis lava and pupa extract; B. terrestris worker extract; Inflammation