title: Fusobacterium and Escherichia: models of colorectal cancer driven by microbiota and the utility of microbiota in colorectal cancer screening.
abstract: Intestinal microbiota has emerging roles in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Intestinal dysbiosis, with altered levels of specific bacteria, is consistently seen in CRC. The heart of the debate lies in whether these bacteria are a cause or consequence of CRC. Two bacteria in particular, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Escherichia coli, have consistently been associated with CRC. This review will examine evidence supporting oncogenic roles of F. nucleatum and E. coli. The proposed mechanisms of tumor formation follow two models: bacterial induced chronic inflammation leads to cell proliferation and tumor formation and virulence factors directly induce tumor formation. This review will further examine the potential for microbiota as biomarkers in CRC, with a focus on F. nucleatum.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.forename: Ho
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsoi
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers; D003013:Clostridium / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003106:Colon / Q000382:microbiology*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology*; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer / Q000379:methods*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016967:Fusobacterium nucleatum / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D064307:Microbiota; D008954:Models, Biological; D012007:Rectum / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: biomarker; colorectal cancer; escherichia; fusobacterium; inflammation