title: CD30(+) cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders with pseudocarcinomatous hyperplasia are associated with a T-helper-17 cytokine profile and infiltrating granulocytes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The pathogenetic mechanism of CD30(+) cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders (CLPD) associated with pseudocarcinomatous hyperplasia (PCH) and granulocytic inflammation surrounding atypical CD30(+) lymphocytes remains unclear.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We sought to characterize clinical and pathological findings of a cohort of patients with PCH associated with CD30(+) CLPD and to analyze the cytokine profile of the atypical lymphocytes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed medical records and pathological material of CD30(+) CLPD with PCH. Immunohistochemistry for T-helper (Th)17 cytokine profile was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all, 25 patients with a median age of 52 years were included. The median follow-up was 3.7 years. Histologically, an infiltrating pattern of PCH was observed in 14 cases with a neutrophilic-rich infiltrate (P = .21), and epidermal pattern in 11 cases with eosinophil-rich infiltrate (P = .03). Th17 or Th22 cytokines were detected in tumor cells in 81% cases tested. Tumor cells expressed Th17 transcription factor retinoic acid receptor (ROR)-related orphan receptor gamma-2 in 2 of 7 samples tested and 1 was positive for aryl hydrocarbon receptor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is a retrospective study of a small sample.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PCH in CD30(+) CLPD is associated with Th17/Th22 cytokine expression in the atypical lymphocytes. Although these lesions commonly regress spontaneously and are associated with an indolent course, some cases develop a generalized process and tumor progression.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois. Electronic address: j-guitart@northwestern.edu.
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guitart
authors.affiliation: Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: Maria Estela
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Martinez-Escala
authors.affiliation: Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: Janyana M D
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Deonizio
authors.affiliation: Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: Pedram
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gerami
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; Roger Williams Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island.
authors.forename: Marshall E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Kadin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000276:immunology; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000276:immunology*; D017730:Ki-1 Antigen / Q000276:immunology*; D008232:Lymphoproliferative Disorders / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology*; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000276:immunology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D020381:Interleukin-17; D017730:Ki-1 Antigen
keywords: CD30(+) cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders; T-helper-17/22; cytokine profile; granulocytes; pseudocarcinomatous hyperplasia; squamous cell carcinoma