title: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with pulmonary dysfunction in cystic fibrosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vitamin D deficiency is common in CF. Whether vitamin D affects pulmonary function in CF is unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were abstracted from clinically stable CF patients who had pulmonary function studies and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D, ng/ml] levels drawn within 2 months of each other. Findings were adjusted for multiple variables known to affect pulmonary function in CF.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Enrollees totaled 597. Overall mean 25(OH)D level was 29.6±12.8 ng/ml (SD). Serum 25(OH)D levels showed a significant correlation with forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1) % predicted (r=0.20, p<0.0001) and forced vital capacity % predicted (r=0.13, p=0.0019). Multivariate analysis revealed that serum 25(OH)D remained an independent predictor of FEV1 % predicted even after controlling for multiple other factors known to affect CF lung function.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum 25(OH)D levels are significantly associated with pulmonary function in CF. Further study is required to determine whether this association is causal.
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. Electronic address: william.sexauer@jefferson.edu.
authors.forename: William P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Sexauer
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Anas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hadeh
authors.affiliation: Rutgers School of Public Health, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Pamela A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Ohman-Strickland
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Division, Department of Pediatrics, Monmouth Medical Center, Long Branch, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Zanni
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Section of Pediatric Pulmonology, St. Christopher's Hospital for Children, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Laurie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Varlotta
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Douglas
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Holsclaw
authors.affiliation: Adult Cystic Fibrosis Center, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Stanley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fiel
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Division, Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Gavin R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Graff
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Division, Department of Pediatrics, Goryeb Children's Hospital, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Arthur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Atlas
authors.affiliation: Barnabas Health, West Orange, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Dorothy
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bisberg
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hadjiliadis
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Division, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
authors.forename: Suzanne H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Michel
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Division, Department of Pediatrics, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Daria
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mintz
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Rebanta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chakraborty
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Division, Department of Pediatrics, Monmouth Medical Center, Long Branch, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Bridget
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Marra
authors.affiliation: Adult Cystic Fibrosis Center, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lomas
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Tara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.affiliation: Cystic Fibrosis Center, St. Christopher's Hospital for Children, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Meagen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sassman
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Giovanna C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Imbesi
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Division, Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Diane M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Kitch
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Allison M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Mallowe
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014797:Vital Capacity / Q000502:physiology; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D
keywords: Cystic fibrosis; Lung function; Pulmonary function; Vitamin D