title: Analysis of cellular adhesion on superhydrophobic and superhydrophilic vertically aligned carbon nanotube scaffolds.
abstract: We analyzed GFP cells after 24h cultivated on superhydrophilic vertically aligned carbon nanotube scaffolds. We produced two different densities of VACNT scaffolds on Ti using Ni or Fe catalysts. A simple and fast oxygen plasma treatment promoted the superhydrophilicity of them. We used five different substrates, such as: as-grown VACNT produced using Ni as catalyst (Ni), as-grown VACNT produced using Fe as catalyst (Fe), VACNT-O produced using Ni as catalyst (NiO), VACNT-O produced using Fe as catalyst (FeO) and Ti (control). The 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole reagent nuclei stained the adherent cells cultivated on five different analyzed scaffolds. We used fluorescence microscopy for image collect, ImageJ® to count adhered cell and GraphPad Prism 5® for statistical analysis. We demonstrated in crescent order: Fe, Ni, NiO, FeO and Ti scaffolds that had an improved cellular adhesion. Oxygen treatment associated to high VACNT density (group FeO) presented significantly superior cell adhesion up to 24h. However, they do not show significant differences compared with Ti substrates (control). We demonstrated that all the analyzed substrates were nontoxic. Also, we proposed that the density and hydrophilicity influenced the cell adhesion behavior.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biomedical Nanotechnology, Development Research Institute, University of Vale do Paraiba, Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Sao Jose dos Campos, 12244-000 SP, Brazil; Transgenesis Unity, Multidisciplinary Center for Biological Investigation in Laboratory Animals Science (CEMIB), State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-877, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biomedical Nanotechnology, Development Research Institute, University of Vale do Paraiba, Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Sao Jose dos Campos, 12244-000 SP, Brazil. Electronic address: aolobo@pq.cnpq.br.
authors.forename: A O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Lobo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biomedical Nanotechnology, Development Research Institute, University of Vale do Paraiba, Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Sao Jose dos Campos, 12244-000 SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: F R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Marciano
authors.affiliation: Associated Laboratory for Sensors and Materials (LAS), National Institute for Space Research (INPE), Av. dos Astronautas 1758, Sao Jose dos Campos 12227-010, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Corat
authors.affiliation: Transgenesis Unity, Multidisciplinary Center for Biological Investigation in Laboratory Animals Science (CEMIB), State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-877, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: marcus@cemib.unicamp.br.
authors.forename: M A F
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Corat
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon
keywords: Carbon nanotube; Cell adhesion; Embryonic fibroblasts; Green fluorescent protein; Superhydrophilicity; Transgenic mice