title: Comparison between performances of three types of manual wheelchairs often distributed in low-resource settings.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was conducted to compare the performance of three types of chairs in a low-resource setting. The larger goal was to provide information which will enable more effective use of limited funds by wheelchair manufacturers and suppliers in low-resource settings.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Motivation Rough Terrain and Whirlwind Rough Rider were compared in six skills tests which participants completed in one wheelchair type and then a day later in the other. A hospital-style folding transport wheelchair was also included in one test. For all skills, participants rated the ease or difficulty on a visual analogue scale. For all tracks, distance traveled and the physiological cost index were recorded. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Motivation wheelchair outperformed Whirlwind wheelchair on rough and smooth tracks, and in some metrics on the tight spaces track. Motivation and Whirlwind wheelchairs significantly outperformed the hospital transport wheelchair in all metrics on the rough track skills test.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This comparative study provides data that are valuable for manufacturers and for those who provide wheelchairs to users. The comparison with the hospital-style transport chair confirms the cost to users of inappropriate wheelchair provision. Implications for Rehabilitation For those with compromised lower limb function, wheelchairs are essential to enable full participation and improved quality of life. Therefore, provision of wheelchairs which effectively enable mobility in the cultures and environments in which people with disabilities live is crucial. This includes low-resource settings where the need for appropriate seating is especially urgent. A repeated measures study to measure wheelchair performances in everyday skills in the setting where wheelchairs are used gives information on the quality of mobility provided by those wheelchairs. This study highlights differences in the performance of three types of wheelchairs often distributed in low-resource settings. This information can improve mobility for wheelchair users in those settings by enabling wheelchair manufacturers to optimize wheelchair design and providers to optimize the use of limited funds.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, LeTourneau University , Longview, TX , USA and.
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rispin
authors.forename: Joy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wee
mesh_terms: D006233:Persons with Disabilities; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D007630:Kenya; D051346:Mobility Limitation; D011203:Poverty; D011788:Quality of Life; D014910:Wheelchairs
keywords: Assistive technology; energy cost; low-resource settings; outcomes; participation; rough terrain; skills tests; wheelchair