title: Impact of chorioamnionitis on short- and long-term outcomes in very low birth weight preterm infants: the Neonatal Research Network Japan.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the short- and long-term outcomes among very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm infants after histologic chorioamnionitis (HCA).
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a retrospective analysis of 5849 single infants (birth weight <1500 g) born at a gestational age between 22 + 0 and 33 + 6 weeks. Clinical data were obtained from the Neonatal Research Network Japan between 2003 and 2007. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the effect of HCA on short- and long-term outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  According to logistic regression analysis, HCA was associated with lower incidence of respiratory distress syndrome (odds ratio [OR] = 0.54; p < 0.001), increased chronic lung disease (OR = 1.68; p < 0.001) and sepsis (OR = 1.71; p < 0.001) and as a short-term outcomes. There was no significant association with intraventricular hemorrhage (OR = 1.11; p = 0.33), periventricular leukomalacia (OR = 1.07; p = .070) and death before discharge (OR = 0.97; p = 0.084). HCA was associated with increased home oxygen therapy (OR = 3.09; p < 0.001), but not with cerebral palsy (CP; OR = 0.91; p = 0.63), develop quotient < 70 (OR = 1.27; p = 0.17), visual impairment (OR = 1.08; p = 0.77), severe hearing impairment (OR = 1.28; p = 0.62) and death (OR = 0.98; p = 0.91) before three years of age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this retrospective population-based study in Japan, HCA was not a risk factor for death, neurodevelopmental impairment and CP in VLBW three-year-old preterm infants.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Japanese Red Cross Nagoya Daiichi Hospital , Nagoya , Japan .
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Japanese Red Cross Nagoya Daiichi Hospital , Nagoya , Japan .
authors.forename: Madoka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Furuhashi
authors.affiliation: b Department of Endowed Chair for Regeneration of Medicine in Kuwana District , Suzuka University of Medical Science , Suzuka , Japan .
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.affiliation: c Department of Nursing , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya , Japan .
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tamakoshi
authors.affiliation: d Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Kochi Health Sciences Center , Kochi , Japan .
authors.forename: Kazutoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.affiliation: e Department of Neonatology , Aizenbashi Hospital , Osaka , Japan .
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kai
authors.affiliation: f Department of Obstetrics , Kanagawa Children's Medical Center , Yokohama , Japan .
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.affiliation: g Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Mie University Graduate School of Medicine , Tsu , Japan .
authors.forename: Nao
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Murabayashi
authors.affiliation: g Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Mie University Graduate School of Medicine , Tsu , Japan .
authors.forename: Tomoaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.affiliation: h Department of Pediatrics , Jichi Medical University , Shimotsuke , Japan .
authors.forename: Yumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kono
authors.affiliation: i Department of Neonatology , Maternal and Perinatal Center, Tokyo Women's Medical University , Tokyo , Japan , and.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kusuda
authors.affiliation: j Department of Neonatology , Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health , Izumi , Japan.
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujimura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002821:Chorioamnionitis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies
keywords: Cerebral palsy; histologic chorioamnionitis; mortality; neurodevelopmental impairment; premature infants