title: Aloe vera Aqueous Extract Effect on Morphine Withdrawal Syndrome in Morphine-Dependent Female Rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Aloe vera is a medicinal herb used as an anti-inflammatory and sedative agent.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of Aloe vera aqueous extract on morphine withdrawal symptoms in morphine-dependent female rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  The current research was performed on 40 female Wista-Albino rats which were made dependent on morphine using Houshyar protocol and were randomly divided into five groups (A, B, C, D, and E). Group A did not receive any agent in the period of handling but other groups (B, C, D and E) received 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg of Aloe vera aqueous extract by gavage, three times daily for a week, respectively. Withdrawal symptoms, stool form, agitation, disparity, floppy eyelids, and body mass variations were checked for 10 days. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS v.11 software, and Friedman, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney statistical tests. Statistical difference was considered significant (P < 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results of the present study showed that agitation, disparity, and floppy eyelids in group E were significantly higher than those of others groups; however, these symptoms in group C were significantly lower than those of the other groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the present study revealed that the Aloe vera aqueous extract had various effects on morphine withdrawal syndrome in morphine-dependent female rats .
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Shahraki
authors.affiliation: Zahedan Health Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Hamideh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mirshekari
authors.affiliation: Mashhad Health Service Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Azame
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sabri
keywords: Aloe vera; Morphine; Rats; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome