title: Vitamin D supplementation during short-term caloric restriction in healthy overweight/obese older women: Effect on glycemic indices and serum osteocalcin levels.
abstract: The effect of vitamin D supplementation and caloric restriction (CR) on glycemic indices and osteocalcin (OC) is not clear. In this randomized controlled double blind trial, we examined whether vitamin D3 supplementation at 2500 IU/d (D) or placebo has differential effects on markers of insulin sensitivity and bone turnover in overweight/obese postmenopausal women during 6 weeks of caloric restriction (weight loss; WL, n = 39) compared to weight maintenance (WM, n = 37). Seventy-six women (57 ± 6 years) completed this study and the WL groups lost 4 ± 1% of body weight. Baseline serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) was 24.8 ± 5.6 ng/mL at baseline; the rise was greatest in WL-D group (p < 0.05). There was an interaction between vitamin D intake and weight on serum OC, insulin, glucose and markers of insulin sensitivity (p < 0.05). The change in OC was explained by changes in serum 25OHD and insulin (model R(2) = 25.6%). Overall, vitamin D supplementation and CR influence serum osteocalcin levels and modestly favor improvements in insulin sensitivity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. Electronic address: deeptha.sukumar@drexel.edu.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sukumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Shapses
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Schneider
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001835:Body Weight; D031204:Caloric Restriction / Q000379:methods*; D002762:Cholecalciferol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D038321:Glycemic Index / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy*; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000097:blood*; D050177:Overweight / Q000178:diet therapy*; D017698:Postmenopause
chemical_list: D015675:Osteocalcin; D002762:Cholecalciferol
keywords: 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD); Bone turnover; Caloric restriction; Osteocalcin; Vitamin D supplementation