title: The clinical value of whole blood point-of-care biomarkers in large animal emergency and critical care medicine.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To summarize the current medical literature and provide a clinical perspective of whole blood point-of-care (POC) biomarkers in large animal emergency and critical care practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Original studies, reviews, and textbook chapters in the human and veterinary medical fields.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  POC biomarkers are tests used to monitor normal or disease processes at or near the patient. In both human and veterinary medicine these tools are playing an increasingly important role in the management of critical diseases. The most important whole blood POC biomarkers available for veterinary practitioners include l-lactate, cardiac troponin I, serum amyloid A, triglyceride, creatinine, and glucose, although many other tests are available or on the horizon.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Whole blood POC biomarkers enable clinicians to provide improved management of critical diseases in large animals. These tools are especially useful for establishing a diagnosis, guiding therapy, and estimating disease risk and prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.
authors.forename: Rolfe M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Radcliffe
authors.forename: Ben R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Buchanan
authors.forename: Vanessa L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Divers
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D003422:Critical Care; D016638:Critical Illness; D004630:Emergencies / Q000662:veterinary*; D006801:Humans; D019095:Point-of-Care Systems; D019210:Troponin I / Q000097:blood*; D014730:Veterinary Medicine
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019210:Troponin I
keywords: analytes; biomarkers; equine; inflammation; surrogate markers