title: Two-stage fractionation of polar alkaloids from Rhizoma coptidis by countercurrent chromatography considering the strategy of reactive extraction.
abstract: Separation of polar alkaloids by countercurrent chromatography (CCC) is challengeable due to their close partition behaviors in solvent system. In this paper, a two-stage method for isolation of epiberberine, jatrorrhizine, palmatine, coptisine, and berberine from Rhizoma coptidis was presented. The first stage separation performed on CCC was based on the principle of reactive extraction. Trifluoroacetic acid was acted as a modulator to selectively react with alkaloids, which changed their partition coefficients in solvent system. Purified epiberberine and other partially separated targets were eluted by ammonium adjusted mobile phase. In the second stage, four alkaloids were purified in pH-zone-refining CCC mode. All the targets collected were over 97% pure determined by HPLC. The method developed demonstrates performing of reactive extraction on standard CCC as an option for separation of polar alkaloids from medicinal plants.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
authors.forename: Fanfan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design & Modern Engineering Center for TCM, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China. Electronic address: zhangm@ecust.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
authors.forename: Hongyang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
authors.forename: Yuerong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China. Electronic address: huping@ecust.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D000470:Alkaloids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001599:Berberine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001600:Berberine Alkaloids / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000379:methods*; D003377:Countercurrent Distribution; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D029626:Ranunculaceae / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D001600:Berberine Alkaloids; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; C055785:jatrorrhizine; C034384:coptisine; D001599:Berberine; C061432:epiberberine; C005413:palmatine
keywords: Polar alkaloids; Reactive extraction; Rhizoma coptidis; Two-stage fractionation; pH-zone-refining countercurrent chromatography