title: The herbal-derived honokiol and magnolol enhances immune response to infection with methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA).
abstract: The emergence of antibiotic resistant strains such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) reminds us an urgent need to develop a new immune-modulating agent for preventing S. aureus infection. In this study, we found that herbal medicines, honokiol and magnolol, caused a significant cellular immune modulatory effect during S. aureus infection. In mouse macrophages, these compounds drove upregulation of an antioxidant effect in response to S. aureus, resulting in a dampened total cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and decreased production of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines, whereas honokiol induced increased types I and III interferon messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels in response to MSSA infection. Moreover, the internalization of S. aureus by human alveolar epithelial cells was inhibited by these compounds. Furthermore, honokiol and magnolol treatment promoted a delay in killing during MSSA infection in Caenorhabditis elegans, suggesting antimicrobial function in vivo. In conclusion, honokiol and magnolol may be considered as attractive immune-modulating treatment for S. aureus infection.
authors.affiliation: Brain Korea 21 Plus for Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun-Jin
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Hyung-Ip
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ji-Ae
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Soo Youn
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Jun
authors.forename: Sang Hyeon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Dong June
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Seok-Jun
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Son
authors.forename: Younghoon
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ok Sarah
authors.initials: OS
authors.lastname: Shin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D017705:Lignans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008712:Methicillin / Q000494:pharmacology; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D051379:Mice; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D000498:Allyl Compounds; D010636:Phenols
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D016207:Cytokines; D017705:Lignans; D008712:Methicillin; D010936:Plant Extracts; C005498:magnolol; C005499:honokiol; D000498:Allyl Compounds; D010636:Phenols