title: Controlled release of growth factors for regenerative medicine.
abstract: How to release growth factors (GFs) scientifically to promote stem cell proliferation and differentiation is one of the most significant research focuses in the field of regenerative medicine. In a controlled release system, growth factors, extracellular matrices or biomaterial carriers, and sometimes stem cells together form a geometric entirety. Biomaterial carriers provide GFs with a support structure to be adhered, immobilized, encapsulated or/and protected. As a unity, the release rate and rhythm of GFs on cells are normally very delicate and precise. Up to now, the best strategy for clinical applications is the combination systems that encapsulate GFs in microspheres, particularly the nano- or micro-encapsulation techniques integrated GFs with biomaterial carriers. In this mini review, we summarize the current progress in GF delivery systems for regenerative medicine and provide an outlook on two main aspects: one is the classes of stem cells and GFs that have been used frequently in regenerative medicine, including their respective application conditions and functions; the other is the controlled GF release systems, in which various GFs are released orderly and continuously without diffusing simply and rapidly, including their respective opportunities and challenges.
authors.forename: Libiao
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xinwei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yufan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Weiming
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Cheng-Hsien
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Center of Organ Manufacturing, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China. wangxiaohong@tsinghua.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiaohong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000502:physiology; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D044968:Regenerative Medicine / Q000379:methods*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins