title: Newly isolated Penicillium oxalicum A592-4B secretes enzymes that degrade milled rice straw with high efficiency.
abstract: An enzyme producing micro-organism, which can directly saccharify rice straw that has only been crushed without undergoing the current acid or alkaline pretreatment, was found. From the homology with the ITS, 28S rDNA sequence, the strain named A592-4B was identified as Penicillium oxalicum. Activities of the A592-4B enzymes and commercial enzyme preparations were compared by Novozymes Cellic CTec2 and Genencore GC220. In the present experimental condition, activity of A592-4B enzymes was 2.6 times higher than that of CTec2 for degrading milled rice straw. Furthermore, even when a quarter amount of A592-4B enzyme was applied to the rice straw, the conversion rate was still higher than that by CTec2. By utilizing A592-4B enzymes, improved lignocellulose degradation yields can be achieved without pre-treatment of the substrates; thus, contributing to cost reduction as well as reducing environmental burden.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Biological Chemistry, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Chubu University , Kasugai , Japan.
authors.forename: Akihisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aoyama
authors.forename: Ryuichiro
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kurane
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matsuura
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nagai
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002482:Cellulose / Q000378:metabolism; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D004795:Enzyme Stability; D004798:Enzymes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007525:Isoelectric Focusing / Q000379:methods; D012275:Oryza / Q000378:metabolism*; D010407:Penicillium / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D004798:Enzymes; D011134:Polysaccharides; C007916:hemicellulose; D002482:Cellulose
keywords: Penicillium oxalicum; cellulose; lignocellulose; pretreatment; rice straw