title: Association between self-reported global sleep status and prevalence of hypertension in Chinese adults: data from the Kailuan community.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Assessment of sleep only by sleep duration is not sufficient. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the potential association of self-reported global sleep status, which contained both qualitative and quantitative aspects, with hypertension prevalence in Chinese adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 5461 subjects (4076 of them were male) were enrolled in the current study and were divided into two groups with the age of 45 years as the cut-off value. Sleep status of all subjects was assessed using the standard Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Hypertension was defined as blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg in the current study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjusting for basic cardiovascular characteristics, the results of multivariate logistic regression indicated that sleep status, which was defined as the additive measurement of sleep duration and sleep quality, was associated with hypertension prevalence in males of both age groups (odds ratio (OR) = 1.11, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.07-1.15, p < 0.05; OR = 1.12, 95% CI, 1.08-1.15, p < 0.05) and in females aged ≤45years (OR = 1.10, 95% CI, 1.02-1.18, p < 0.05). As one component of PSQI, short sleep duration was associated with hypertension prevalence only in Chinese male subjects, but this association disappeared after the further adjustment of the other components of PSQI that measured the qualitative aspect of sleep.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Association between sleep status and hypertension prevalence in Chinese adults varied by age and sex. Sleep should be measured qualitatively and quantitatively when investigating its association with hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China. lukai2013@foxmail.com.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Heart Center, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 South Xizhimen Avenue, Beijing 100044, China. rongjingding@163.com.
authors.forename: Rongjing
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Department of Education and Science, China Medical Association, Beijing 100044, China. drtangqin@163.com.
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China. drchenjia@foxmail.com.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China. wangli514@sina.cn.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China. wangchangying04@163.com.
authors.forename: Changying
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The Kailuan General Hospital, Hebei United University, No.57, East Xinhua Avenue, Tangshan 063001, China. drwushouling@163.com.
authors.forename: Shouling
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China. dayihu2014@163.com.
authors.forename: Dayi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D057566:Self Report; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D055815:Young Adult