title: Cytotoxicity of syringin and 4-methoxycinnamyl alcohol isolated from Foeniculum vulgare on selected human cell lines.
abstract: This study was carried out to determine the cytotoxic effect of seven plant extracts and the isolated compounds - syringin and 4-methoxycinnamyl alcohol - on cancerous and non-cancerous cells. The ethanol extract of Foeniculum vulgare was found to exhibit the most significant toxicity with an IC50 value of 19.97 μg/mL on HeLa cells. Bioassay-guided fractionation led to the isolation of two compounds, syringin (1) and 4-methoxycinnamyl alcohol (2). Both compounds showed toxicity against MCF-7, HeLa and DU145 cancer cell line. The results showed that compound 2 showed high toxicity against all the cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 14.24, 7.82 and 22.10 μg/mL, respectively. 4-Methoxycinnamyl alcohol also showed no apoptotic effect in cell cycle analysis after 48 h at a concentration of 10 μg/mL. However, DNA fragmentation study revealed that necrosis took place at a concentration of 10 μg/mL after 48 h exposure.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Plant Science , Plant Sciences Complex, University of Pretoria , Pretoria - 0002 , South Africa.
authors.forename: Namrita
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lall
authors.forename: Navneet
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kishore
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Binneman
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Twilley
authors.forename: Maryna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van de Venter
authors.forename: Debbie
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: du Plessis-Stoman
authors.forename: Gerhardt
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Boukes
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hussein
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor / Q000187:drug effects; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D030001:Foeniculum / Q000737:chemistry*; D005960:Glucosides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006367:HeLa Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D010666:Phenylpropionates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D020005:Propanols / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: C000602384:4-methoxycinnamyl alcohol; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D005960:Glucosides; D010666:Phenylpropionates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D020005:Propanols; C028305:syringin
keywords: 4-methoxycinnamyl alcohol; DNA fragmentation; Foeniculum vulgare; cell cycle analysis; cytotoxicity