title: Color stabilities of calcium silicate-based materials in contact with different irrigation solutions.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has been reported to cause tooth discoloration when applied in the esthetic zone. A previous study has shown discoloration of MTA in contact with root canal irrigation solutions. Moreover, there are limited data on color stability of novel calcium silicate-based materials. This study aimed to evaluate color changes of 4 calcium silicate-based materials in contact with different irrigation solutions.
  
  
  METHODS
  ProRoot white MTA (Dentsply Tulsa Dental, Johnson City, TN), white MTA Angelus (Angelus Solucoes Odontologicas, Londrina, Brazil), Biodentine (Septodont, Saint Maur des Fosses, France), and BioAggregate (Innovative Bioceramix, Vancouver, BC, Canada) samples were assessed. Materials were mixed according to the manufacturers' instructions. Cylindric samples (10-mm diameter and 2-mm height) were obtained by curing in molds for each material's setting time at 100% humidity and 37°C. Each specimen was immersed in 5% sodium hypochlorite, 2% chlorhexidine gluconate, or distilled water for 24 hours. Color changes were measured with a spectrophotometer. Data were analyzed by using 2-way analysis of variance and post hoc Bonferroni tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All materials exhibited clinically perceptible discoloration when immersed in sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine gluconate. ProRoot white MTA showed a statistically significant difference from Bioaggregate, Biodentine, and white MTA Angelus. Distilled water did not cause clinically perceptible discoloration of any material.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In esthetically critical regions, compounds free of bismuth oxide, Biodentine, and BioAggregate can be considered as alternatives to MTA. However, all calcium silicate-based materials exhibited clinically perceptible color changes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey. Electronic address: canglkarabulut@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Cangul
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Keskin
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ebru Ozsezer
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Demiryurek
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey.
authors.forename: Taha
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ozyurek
mesh_terms: D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D003116:Color; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017640:Silicates / Q000737:chemistry*; D012996:Solutions
chemical_list: D017610:Calcium Compounds; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; D017640:Silicates; D012996:Solutions; C031293:calcium silicate
keywords: BioAggregate; Biodentine; bismuth oxide; spectrophotometric analysis; white mineral trioxide aggregate