title: [High versus moderate intense running exercise - effects on cardiometabolic risk-factors in untrained males].
abstract: Introduction | The philosophy on how to improve cardiometabolic risk factors most efficiently by endurance exercise is still controversial. To determine the effect of high-intensity (interval) training (HI[I]T) vs. moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) training on cardiometabolic risk factors we conducted a 16-week crossover randomized controlled trial. Methods | 81 healthy untrained middle aged men were randomly assigned to a HI(I)T-group and a control-group that started the MICE running program after their control status. HI(I)T consisted of running exercise around or above the individual anaerobic threshold (≈ 80- 100 % HRmax); MICE focused on continuous running exercise at ≈ 65-77.5 % HRmax. Both protocols were comparable with respect to energy consumption. Study endpoints were cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max), left ventricular mass index (LVMI), metabolic syndrome Z-score (MetS-Z-score), intima-media-thickness (IMT) and body composition. Results | VO2max-changes in this overweighed male cohort significantly (p=0.002) differ between HIIT (14.7 ± 9.3 %, p=0.001) and MICE (7.9 ± 7.4 %,p=0.001). LVMI, as determined via magnetic resonance imaging, significantly increased in both exercise groups (HIIT: 8.5 ± 5.4 %, p=0.001 vs. MICE: 5.3 ± 4.0 %, p=0.001), however the change was significantly more pronounced (p=0.005) in the HIIT-group. MetS-Z-score (HIIT: -2.06 ± 1.31, p=0.001 vs. MICE: -1.60 ± 1.77, p=0.001) and IMT (4.6 ± 5.9 % p=0.011 vs. 4.4 ± 8.1 %, p=0.019) did not show significant group-differences. Reductions of fat mass (-4.9 ± 9.0 %, p=0.010 vs. -9.5 ± 9.4, p=0.001) were significantly higher among the MICE-participants (p=0.034), however, the same was true (p=0.008) for lean body mass (0.5 ± 2.3 %, p=0.381 vs. -1.3 ± 2.0 %, p=0.003). Conclusion | In summary high-intensity interval training tends to impact cardiometabolic health more favorable compared with a moderate-intensity continuous endurance exercise protocol.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Medizinische Physik, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU).
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kemmler
authors.affiliation: Institut für Radiologie, FAU.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lell
authors.affiliation: Institut für Radiologie, FAU.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scharf
authors.affiliation: Institut für Radiologie, FAU.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fraunberger
authors.affiliation: Institut für Medizinische Physik, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU).
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: von Stengel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D054526:Men's Health; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D008875:Middle Aged; D050177:Overweight / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D064797:Physical Conditioning, Human / Q000379:methods*; D010807:Physical Endurance; D005082:Physical Exertion; D010809:Physical Fitness; D012307:Risk Factors; D012420:Running; D016896:Treatment Outcome