title: Simultaneous decomposition of multiple hyperspectral data sets: signal recovery of unknown fluorophores in the retinal pigment epithelium.
abstract: Upon excitation with different wavelengths of light, biological tissues emit distinct but related autofluorescence signals. We used non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) to simultaneously decompose co-registered hyperspectral emission data from human retinal pigment epithelium/Bruch's membrane specimens illuminated with 436 and 480 nm light. NMF analysis was initialized with Gaussian mixture model fits and constrained to provide identical abundance images for the two excitation wavelengths. Spectra recovered this way were smoother than those obtained separately; fluorophore abundances more clearly localized within tissue compartments. These studies provide evidence that leveraging multiple co-registered hyperspectral emission data sets is preferential for identifying biologically relevant fluorophore information.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, New York University School of Medicine, 462 First Avenue - NBV 5N18, New York, NY 10016, USA.
authors.forename: R Theodore
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, New York University School of Medicine, 462 First Avenue - NBV 5N18, New York, NY 10016, USA.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Post
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, New York University School of Medicine, 462 First Avenue - NBV 5N18, New York, NY 10016, USA.
authors.forename: Ansh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Johri
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, New York University School of Medicine, 462 First Avenue - NBV 5N18, New York, NY 10016, USA.
authors.forename: Michele D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of South Carolina, 167 Ashley Avenue MSC676, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
authors.forename: Zsolt
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ablonczy
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, 1670 University Boulevard, Volker Hall Room 360, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
authors.forename: Christine A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Curcio
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, 1670 University Boulevard, Volker Hall Room 360, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ach
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 500 West 120th Street, 351 Engineering Terrace, New York, NY 10027, USA.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sajda
keywords: (100.2960) Image analysis; (100.4145) Motion, hyperspectral image processing; (110.4234) Multispectral and hyperspectral imaging; (170.4470) Ophthalmology; (170.6280) Spectroscopy, fluorescence and luminescence; (170.6510) Spectroscopy, tissue diagnostics