title: [The contributing risk factors, prevention and treatment of functional dependence among the oldest-old and elderly subjects].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the risk factors on the functional dependence between the oldest-old and elderly veterans.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional survey was conducted among veterans ( ≥ 60 years of age) lived in 44 veterans' communities in Beijing. The socio-demographic information and history of non-communicable chronic diseases were collected via face-to-face interviews, and the functional status was assessed by the 20-item version of the Activities of Daily Living Scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The risk factors associated with increased hazard of the functional dependence in the oldest-old ( ≥ 80 years old) were cognitive impairment, extrapyramidal diseases, cerebral infarction, transient ischemic attack, sleep disorders, hypnotics, osteoarthrosis, hypertension and fall with the odds ratio (OR) of 1.241-2.962 (all P < 0.05). Stroke, depression, cognitive impairment, extrapyramidal diseases, sleep disorders, hypnotics, fall, cardiovascular diseases, osteoarthrosis and hearing loss were the risk factors for that in the elderly subjects (aged 60-79 years). The OR was 1.232-5.790 (all P < 0.05). However, avocational activities such as social activity, physical exercise, photography, reading and games, decreased the risk of functional dependence in both the oldest-old and elderly people.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neuropsychiatric disorders are the leading causes contributed to the functional dependence among oldest-old and elderly population. Neurodegenerative diseases in the oldest-old, stroke and depression in elderly people should be the priorities in ameliorating disability. Healthy lifestyle and avocational activities could improve the functional status of the oldest-old and elderly population.
authors.forename: Dianrong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jiping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Yuhe
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Guanghua
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Linqi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yinghao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yucheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Guichen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatric Neurology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China. Email: lnw_301@163.com.
authors.forename: Luning
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003072:Cognition Disorders; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression; D003866:Depressive Disorder; D015444:Exercise; D006801:Humans; D012307:Risk Factors; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders; D014728:Veterans