title: Psychiatric blood biomarkers: avoiding jumping to premature negative or positive conclusions.
abstract: Blood biomarkers may provide a scientifically useful and clinically usable peripheral signal in psychiatry, as they have been doing for other fields of medicine. Jumping to premature conclusions, negative or positive, can create confusion in this field. Reproducibility is a hallmark of good science. We discuss some recent examples from this dynamic field, and show some new data in support of previously published biomarkers for suicidality (SAT1, MARCKS and SKA2). Methodological clarity and rigor in terms of biomarker discovery, validation and testing is needed. We propose a set of principles for what constitutes a good biomarker, similar in spirit to the Koch postulates used at the birth of the field of infectious diseases.
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Psychiatry and Medical Neuroscience, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA [2] Indianapolis VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Niculescu
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Psychiatry and Medical Neuroscience, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA [2] Program in Medical Neuroscience, Paul and Carole Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Levey
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Medical Neuroscience, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Le-Niculescu
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Medical Neuroscience, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Niculescu
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Kurian
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Salomon
mesh_terms: D000123:Acetyltransferases / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D000076250:Myristoylated Alanine-Rich C Kinase Substrate; D013405:Suicide; D000099228:Diamine N-Acetyltransferase
chemical_list: D000123:Acetyltransferases; D015415:Biomarkers; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D000076250:Myristoylated Alanine-Rich C Kinase Substrate; D000099228:Diamine N-Acetyltransferase; C000619710:MARCKS protein, human; C516428:SKA2 protein, human