title: Effects of combined exercise on cardiovascular risk factors and serum BDNF level in mid-aged women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purposes of this study is first to examine a positive effect of long term combined exercise including aerobic and resistance exercise on increasing level of serum BDNF, and investigate how aerobic exercise is related to improving BDNF circulation and resistance exercise improves fat oxidation in mid-aged women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Initially, 30 mid-aged women, according to their exercise preference, was randomly assigned as a non-exercise group (n=7, control group; CG) and exercise group (n=23). Then, 23 exercise participants were divided by aerobic exercise group (n=15, AEG) and combination of aerobic and resistance exercise group (n=8, CEG). Prior to the experiment, all participants'maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), body composition, and blood factors were measured. Changes (Δ delta value) in body composition, fitness level, and serum BDNF level of the different groups were tested through one way ANOVA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For AEG and CG after 24 weeks, VO2max and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were significantly increased. During this period, CEG had significant increase in muscular strength and decrease in triglyceride (TG) total cholesterol (TC)/HDL-C (p=0.013). Continuously, serum BDNF concentration of both AEG and CEG was significantly increased (F=6.328, p=0.001) compared to CG. There, however, was no significant between-group difference.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although there was no difference in serum BDNF level between AEG and CEG, we confirmed that CEG may have a possibility of positive changes in increase of serum BDNF level in mid-aged women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education, College of Sports Science, Yongin University, Gyeonggi, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Chul
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Sports Wellness Center, Yongin University, Gyeonggi, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Kyu
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Sports Health Medicine, College of Health Science, Jungwon University, Chungbuk, Korea.
authors.forename: Nam Ju
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Sports for All, Kyungwoon University, Gyeongbuk, Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Yoon
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education, College of Sports Science, Yongin University, Gyeonggi, Korea.
authors.forename: Nam Kyu
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Yoon
keywords: aerobic exercise; body composition; muscle fitness; oxygen uptake; resistance exercise