title: Acute hypoxia induces upregulation of microRNA-210 expression in glioblastoma spheroids.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Tumor hypoxia and presence of tumor stem cells are related to therapeutic resistance and tumorigenicity in glioblastomas. The aim of the present study was therefore to identify microRNAs deregulated in acute hypoxia and to identify possible associated changes in stem cell markers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Glioblastoma spheroid cultures were grown in either 2 or 21% oxygen. Subsequently, miRNA profiling was performed and expression of ten stem cell markers was examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MiRNA-210 was significantly upregulated in hypoxia in patient-derived spheroids. The stem cell markers displayed a complex regulatory pattern.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MiRNA-210 appears to be upregulated in hypoxia in immature glioblastoma cells. This miRNA may represent a therapeutic target although it is not clear from the results whether this miRNA may be related to specific cancer stem cell functions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Winsløwparken 15, 5000 Odense C, Denmark.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rosenberg
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thomassen
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Larsen
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Sørensen
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Hermansen
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Kruse
authors.forename: B W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Kristensen
mesh_terms: D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D018874:Spheroids, Cellular; D013997:Time Factors; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: C497442:HIF1A protein, human; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; C543800:MIRN210 microRNA, human; D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: cancer stem cell; glioblastoma; hypoxia; microRNA; profiling; spheroids