title: Quantitative assessment of synchronization during atrial fibrillation based on a novel index.
abstract: Atrial Fibrillation (AF), a chaotic rhythm classically considered with random electrical activity, is now demonstrated to show a certain degree of organization and synchronization. Rather than those traditional indices which always focus on the pairwise properties of adjacent signals, a new synchronization index-S estimator-is introduced in this paper to quantify the synchronization level for all the signals in a selected area. By evaluating a complement of the entropy of the normalized eigenvalues of the corresponding correlation matrix, S estimator is designed to be proportional to the amount of synchronization. 400 episodes of 64-channel epicardial signals acquired from four living mongrels were studied under normal sinus rhythm (SN) and AF. The results showed that there were significant decreases of S estimator for both anterior left atrium and anterior right atrium with the rhythm changing from SN to AF. After dividing the research area into eight subparts, S estimator is also capable to demonstrate the different synchronization level for each subpart and revealed the electrophysiology individual difference among four experimental subjects. In conclusion, S estimator succeeds in estimating the synchronization degree for multi-channel signals in a selected area, with no limits to the number of the signals to be analyzed. It can help us to distinguish the region with a high synchronization level during AF, which would be helpful to the clinical AF treatment and enhance our understanding of underlying mechanisms of AF.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Cuiwei
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Zhenning
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Nie
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000503:physiopathology*; D054326:Coronary Sinus / Q000503:physiopathology; D004285:Dogs; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000503:physiopathology; D010496:Pericardium / Q000503:physiopathology