title: Upright face-preferential high-gamma responses in lower-order visual areas: evidence from intracranial recordings in children.
abstract: Behavioral studies demonstrate that a face presented in the upright orientation attracts attention more rapidly than an inverted face. Saccades toward an upright face take place in 100-140 ms following presentation. The present study using electrocorticography determined whether upright face-preferential neural activation, as reflected by augmentation of high-gamma activity at 80-150 Hz, involved the lower-order visual cortex within the first 100 ms post-stimulus presentation. Sampled lower-order visual areas were verified by the induction of phosphenes upon electrical stimulation. These areas resided in the lateral-occipital, lingual, and cuneus gyri along the calcarine sulcus, roughly corresponding to V1 and V2. Measurement of high-gamma augmentation during central (circular) and peripheral (annular) checkerboard reversal pattern stimulation indicated that central-field stimuli were processed by the more polar surface whereas peripheral-field stimuli by the more anterior medial surface. Upright face stimuli, compared to inverted ones, elicited up to 23% larger augmentation of high-gamma activity in the lower-order visual regions at 40-90 ms. Upright face-preferential high-gamma augmentation was more highly correlated with high-gamma augmentation for central than peripheral stimuli. Our observations are consistent with the hypothesis that lower-order visual regions, especially those for the central field, are involved in visual cues for rapid detection of upright face stimuli.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
authors.forename: Naoyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matsuzaki
authors.affiliation: Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA; Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Cell Press, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
authors.forename: Rebecca F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Schwarzlose
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Hanyu General Hospital, Hanyu City, Saitama 348-8505, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishida
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Noa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ofen
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI 48201, USA. Electronic address: eishi@pet.wayne.edu.
authors.forename: Eishi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Asano
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D000069280:Electrocorticography; D005074:Evoked Potentials, Visual; D000066499:Facial Recognition / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D065818:Gamma Rhythm; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D014793:Visual Cortex / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Category-specific responses; ECoG; High-frequency oscillations (HFOs); Intracranial recording; Pediatric epilepsy surgery; Ripples