title: GATA-binding protein 3 enhances the utility of gross cystic disease fluid protein-15 and mammaglobin A in triple-negative breast cancer by immunohistochemistry.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We have demonstrated previously that gross cystic disease fluid protein-15 (GCDFP-15) and mammaglobin A (MAM) are of limited utility in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). GATA-binding protein 3 (GATA-3) is an emerging breast-associated immunohistochemical (IHC) marker with limited data in TNBC. Here, we examined GATA-3 expression in TNBC in comparison with GCDFP-15 and MAM.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We studied GATA-3, GCDFP-15 and MAM IHC expression in 62 primary and 68 metastatic TNBCs. In primary TNBCs, GATA-3 staining was observed in 25 cases (40%), including 16 cases that were negative for GCDFP-15 and MAM. In metastatic TNBCs, GATA-3 staining was observed in 30 cases (44%), including 16 cases that were negative for GCDFP-15 and MAM. The expression frequency of any of the markers was 56% in primary and 62% in metastatic TNBCs. However, when focal staining was excluded, the expression frequency of any marker dropped to 31% and 44%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GATA-3 is expressed at a higher frequency by IHC in TNBC compared to GCDFP-15 and MAM, although the tissue specificity of the latter markers may be superior. When evaluating a triple-negative tumour, including GATA-3 in a panel of markers may increase the diagnostic accuracy for tissue origin in the appropriate clinical setting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Michael Z
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Gilcrease
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Jinxia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Erika
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Resetkova
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Kelly K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Hunt
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Michael T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Deavers
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D050990:GATA3 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques / Q000379:methods; D060785:Mammaglobin A / Q000378:metabolism*; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D064726:Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D050990:GATA3 Transcription Factor; C494749:GATA3 protein, human; D006023:Glycoproteins; D060785:Mammaglobin A; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; C488892:PIP protein, human
keywords: GATA-3; GCDFP-15; immunohistochemistry; mammaglobin; squamous; triple-negative