title: Glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 expression by a distinct population of mouse vestibular supporting cells.
abstract: The function of the enzyme glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) is to convert glutamate in γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Glutamate decarboxylase exists as two major isoforms, termed GAD65 and GAD67, that are usually expressed in GABA-containing neurons in the central nervous system. GAD65 has been proposed to be associated with GABA exocytosis whereas GAD67 with GABA metabolism. In the present immunofluorescence study, we have investigated the presence of the two GAD isoforms in the semicircular canal cristae of wild type and GAD67-GFP knock-in mice. While no evidence for GAD65 expression was found, GAD67 was detected in a distinct population of peripherally-located supporting cells, but not in hair cells or in centrally-located supporting cells. GABA, on the other hand, was found in all supporting cells. The present result indicate that only a discrete population of supporting cells use GAD67 to synthesize GABA. This is the first report of a marker that allows to distinguish two populations of supporting cells in the vestibular epithelium. On the other hand, the lack of GABA and GAD enzymes in hair cells excludes its involvement in afferent transmission.
authors.affiliation: Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tavazzani
authors.affiliation: Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia Pavia, Italy ; Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Brain Connectivity Center, C. Mondino National Neurological Institute Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tritto
authors.affiliation: Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Spaiardi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Botta
authors.affiliation: Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Manca
authors.affiliation: Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Ivo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Prigioni
authors.affiliation: Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Masetto
authors.affiliation: Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Giancarlo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Russo
keywords: GAD67-GFP; crista ampullaris; hair cells; supporting cells; vestibular