title: Clinical Characteristics and Outcome of Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Device Infections in Turkey.
abstract: Infection is one of the most devastating outcomes of cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) implantation and is related to significant morbidity and mortality. In our country, there is no evaluation about CIED infection. Therefore, our aim was to investigate clinical characteristics and outcome of patients who had infection related to CIED implantation or replacement. The study included 144 consecutive patients with CIED infection treated at 11 major hospitals in Turkey from 2005 to 2014 retrospectively. We analyzed the medical files of all patients hospitalized with the diagnosis of CIED infection. Inclusion criteria were definite infection related to CIED implantation, replacement, or revision. Generator pocket infection, with or without bacteremia, was the most common clinical presentation, followed by CIED-related endocarditis. Coagulase-negative staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus were the leading causative agents of CIED infection. Multivariate analysis showed that infective endocarditis and ejection fraction were the strongest predictors of in-hospital mortality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Dicle University Medical School, Diyarbakir, Turkey hekimmesut@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Mesut
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aydin
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Dicle University Medical School, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Abdulkadir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yildiz
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Mevlana University Medical School, Konya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Zeynettin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kaya
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Harran University Medical School, Şanlıurfa, Turkey.
authors.forename: Zekeriya
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kaya
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Medical School, Konya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ahmet Ozgur
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Basarir
authors.affiliation: Clinical Cardiology, Siyami Ersek Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nazmiye
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cakmak
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Abant Izzet Baysal University Medical School, Bolu, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Donmez
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Osman Gazi University Medical School, Eskişehir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Baktash
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Morrad
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Selçuk University Medical School, Konya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Avci
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Selçuk University Medical School, Konya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Kenan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Demir
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Çukurova University Medical School, Adana, Turkey.
authors.forename: Emre Caglar
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Cagliyan
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Dicle University Medical School, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yuksel
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Dicle University Medical School, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet Ali
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Elbey
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Dicle University Medical School, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Fethullah
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kayan
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Dicle University Medical School, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Necdet
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ozaydogdu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Dicle University Medical School, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Yahya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Islamoglu
authors.affiliation: Clinical Cardiology, Adana Education and Research Hospital, Adana, Turkey.
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cayli
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Dicle University Medical School, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Said
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alan
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Mevlana University Medical School, Konya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet Siddik
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Ulgen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Duzce University Medical School, Duzce, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ozhan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000382:microbiology; D004697:Endocarditis, Bacterial / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D007239:Infections / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D008875:Middle Aged; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000382:microbiology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013210:Staphylococcus; D013318:Stroke Volume; D014421:Turkey
keywords: cardiac resynchronization therapy; implantable defibrillator; infection; pacemaker; postoperative complications