title: Tigecycline exerts an antitumoral effect in oral squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore whether antibacterial drug tigecycline could exert an antitumoral effect in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Two OSCC cell lines Tca8113 and KB were used in this study. To investigate the cytostatic effects of tigecycline in OSCC, cell growth was tested by trypan blue staining, MTT assay, and Brdu immunofluorescence staining. Then, the apoptosis proportion was measured by FITC Annexin-V and PI labeling, and cell cycle was determined by PI staining. The expression of caspase 3 (CASP3) and cell cycle regulatory protein was detected by Western blot assay. Finally, the clonogenesis and tumorigenesis capacity were analyzed by soft agar growth and xenograft model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Here, we showed that tigecycline significantly inhibited cell growth and proliferation in OSCC cell lines Tca8113 and KB. It did not induce cell apoptosis but led to an increase of cells in G0/G1 phase with down-regulation of cyclin E2 (CCNE2) and cyclin-dependent kinase4 (CDK4) protein expression. We also showed that tigecycline inhibited colony formation in soft agar and reduced tumor growth in a xenograft model.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggested that tigecycline might be used as a novel candidate agent for the treatment of OSCC.
authors.affiliation: Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.|Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.|Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.|Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D063646:Carcinogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016213:Cyclins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D064593:Heterografts; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D016513:Mice, SCID; D008911:Minocycline / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000077195:Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; D000078304:Tigecycline; D014410:Tumor Stem Cell Assay
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C503688:CCNE2 protein, human; D016213:Cyclins; D000078304:Tigecycline; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases; C505407:CASP3 protein, human; D053148:Caspase 3; D008911:Minocycline
keywords: apoptosis; oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC); proliferation; tigecycline