title: Co-encapsulated CpG oligodeoxynucleotides and ovalbumin in PLGA microparticles; an in vitro and in vivo study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect in the immune response produced by CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) co-encapsulated with the antigen ovalbumin (OVA) within poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) 502 and 752 microparticles (MP).
  
  
  METHODS
  MP were prepared by blending 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DOTAP) with PLGA and Total Recirculation One Machine System (TROMS) technology and contained OVA along with CpG sequences associated to DOTAP. After confirming the integrity of both encapsulated molecules, BALB/c mice were immunized with the resulting MP and OVA-specific antibodies and cytokine production were assessed in order to determine the immunological profile induced in mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One m near non-charged MP co-encapsulated very efficiently both OVA and CpG ODN. The release of both OVA and CpG was slow and incomplete irrespective of polymer. The results of the immune response induced in BALB/c mice indicated that, depending on the PLGA polymer used, co-encapsulation did not improve the immunogenicity of the antigen, compared either with the simply co-administration of both antigen and CpG, or with the microencapsulated antigen. Thus, mice immunized with OVA associated to PLGA 756 displayed an IgG2a characterized response which was biased to an IgG1 profile in case of CpG co-encapsulation. On the contrary, the co-encapsulation of CpG with OVA into PLGA 502 significantly improved the isotype shifting in comparison with the one showed by mice immunized with OVA loaded PLGA 502.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study underlines the importance of MP characteristics to fully exploit simultaneous antigen and CpG ODN particulate delivery as effective vaccine construct.This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see "For Readers") may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue's contents page.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (CSIC-UPNA-Gobierno de Navarra), Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: San Román
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gómez
authors.forename: Juan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Irache
authors.forename: Socorro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Espuelas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000276:immunology; D000941:Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D007114:Immunization; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008863:Microspheres; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D014612:Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; C408982:CPG-oligonucleotide; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D014612:Vaccines; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D010047:Ovalbumin