title: [Effect of antibiotics on postoperative inflammatory complications after surgical extraction of the impacted mandibular third molar].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of antibiotics on postoperative inflammatory complications after surgical extraction of the impacted mandibular third molar.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-Six patients had their bilateral third molars removed through a split-mouth, double-blind, controlled, clinical trial in two visits. On one side amoxicillin (or clindamycin) was used (antibiotics group) from 1 h pre-operation to 3 d post-operation. On the other side, placebo was used (placebo group) the same time. Postoperative inflammatory complications including alveolar osteitis (AO), surgical site infection (SSI), pre-buccal site infection and anterior isthmus faucium space infection were monitored and recorded 2 d and 10 d after the surgery. The pain, swelling, and trismus were also recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All 96 patients completed the study. Two AO (2.1%), one SSI (1.0%) and seven other infections were observed in the treatment group. Also three AO (3.1%), one SSI (1.0%) and eleven other infections were observed in the placebo group. However, no statistically significant differences were found in the incidence of various postoperative inflammatory complications and reactions between the groups (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference on the postoperative reaction, except pain on 10 d. Patients who had inflammatory infection recovered well with symptomatic anti-infection treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of amoxicillin (or clindamycin) cannot effectively prevent and reduce the postoperative inflammatory complications after surgical extraction of the impacted mandibular third molar.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: Email: hourui@fmmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.forename: Yuanyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Sijia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D002981:Clindamycin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004368:Dry Socket; D004487:Edema; D006801:Humans; D008963:Molar; D008964:Molar, Third; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014081:Tooth Extraction; D014095:Tooth, Impacted / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D002981:Clindamycin; D000658:Amoxicillin