title: Application of the combination index integrated with confidence intervals to study the toxicological interactions of antibiotics and pesticides in Vibrio qinghaiensis sp.-Q67.
abstract: It is necessary to explore the effect of confidence intervals on the combination index (CI) so that rationally evaluate the toxicological interaction (synergism or antagonism) which is dependent on the concentration ratio, the mixture concentration and the exposure time. To effectively detect the toxicological interaction taking place in mixtures, we combined the CI with the observation-based confidence intervals (OCI) which can characterize the uncertainty in toxicity test and in data fitting. In time scale, the short-term (15min) and long-term (12h) toxicities of three chemicals (imidacloprid (IMI), pirimicarb (PIR) and streptomycin sulfate (STR)) and their binary mixtures on Vibrio qinghaiensis sp.-Q67 were determined by the microplate toxicity analysis (MTA). The mixtures of IMI, PIR and STR have additive actions all but four IMI-PIR rays (R2-R5) at the effect levels above about 30-40% whose long-term toxicological interaction are synergism.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China. Electronic address: ssliuhl@263.net.
authors.forename: Shu-Shen
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
authors.forename: Mo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
authors.forename: Fu
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D002219:Carbamates / Q000633:toxicity*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000633:toxicity*; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D009574:Nitro Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000633:toxicity*; D013307:Streptomycin / Q000633:toxicity*; D014733:Vibrio / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002219:Carbamates; D007093:Imidazoles; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D009574:Nitro Compounds; D010575:Pesticides; D011743:Pyrimidines; C011994:pirimicarb; C082359:imidacloprid; D013307:Streptomycin
keywords: Direct equipartition ray design; Long-term toxicity; Microplate toxicity analysis; Short-term toxicity; Synergism