title: Phylogenetically distinct equine influenza viruses show different tropism for the swine respiratory tract.
abstract: Influenza A viruses circulate in a wide range of animals. H3N8 equine influenza virus (EIV) is an avian-origin virus that has established in dogs as canine influenza virus (CIV) and has also been isolated from camels and pigs. Previous work suggests that mutations acquired during EIV evolution might have played a role in CIV emergence. Given the potential role of pigs as a source of human infections, we determined the ability of H3N8 EIVs to replicate in pig cell lines and in respiratory explants. We show that phylogenetically distinct EIVs display different infection phenotypes along the pig respiratory tract, but not in cell lines. Our results suggest that EIV displays a dynamic host range along its evolutionary history, supporting the view that evolutionary processes play important roles in host range and tropism and also underscoring the utility of using explant cultures to study influenza pathogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Padova, Italy.|Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, Doctoral School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Livia V
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Patrono
authors.affiliation: Division of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bonfante
authors.affiliation: Division of Specialised Diagnostics and Histopathology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zanardello
authors.affiliation: Division of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Calogero
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Terregino
authors.affiliation: Division of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Ilaria
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Capua
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Council-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, UK.
authors.forename: Pablo R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Murcia
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D058507:Host Specificity; D053123:Influenza A Virus, H3N8 Subtype / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D012137:Respiratory System / Q000821:virology*; D013552:Swine; D056189:Viral Tropism; D014779:Virus Replication