title: Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species Mediated by  1‑Hydroxyphenazine, a Virulence Factor of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
abstract: 1-Hydroxyphenazine (1-HP) is a virulence factor produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In this study,supercoiled plasmid DNA was employed as an analytical tool for the detection of ROS generation mediated by 1-HP. These assays provided evidence that 1-HP, in conjunction with NADPH alone or NADPH and the enzyme NADPH:cytochrome P450 reductase, mediated the production of superoxide radical under physiological conditions. Experiments with murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells and profluorescent ROS probes dichlorodihydrofluorescein or dihydroethidine provided preliminary evidence that 1-HP mediates the generation of intracellular oxidants. Generation of reactive oxygen species may contribute to the virulence properties of 1-HP in P. aeruginosa infections.
authors.forename: Sarmistha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sinha
authors.forename: Xiulong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gallazzi
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jaroslaw W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Zmijewski
authors.forename: Jack R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Lancaster
authors.forename: Kent S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Gates
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D051379:Mice; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009249:NADP / Q000378:metabolism; D009251:NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D010619:Phenazines / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D010619:Phenazines; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D037521:Virulence Factors; C050093:1-hydroxyphenazine; D009249:NADP; D009251:NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase