title: Nutrition rehabilitation in the intensive care unit.
abstract: The maintenance of homeostasis after severe injury requires the restoration of the physiological regulation of food intake. A wide array of functional alterations can hinder the intake of adequate amounts of nutrients to support the recovery from critical illness. These alterations encompass changes in the preprandial phase, reflected by a loss of appetite; changes in the prandial phase, yielding swallowing disorders; and changes in the postprandial phase, including impairments of gastric emptying, gut motility, and satiety. This tutorial aims to review these often overlooked features and to suggest recommendations for the nutrition rehabilitation of the critically ill.
authors.affiliation: Medical Intensive Care Unit, Nimes University Hospital, Nimes, France pablo.lucas.massanet@chu-nimes.fr.
authors.forename: Pablo Lucas
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Massanet
authors.affiliation: Surgical and Trauma Intensive Care Unit, Pellegrin University Hospital, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Petit
authors.affiliation: Medical Intensive Care Unit, Nimes University Hospital, Nimes, France.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Louart
authors.affiliation: Medical and Respiratory Intensive Care Unit.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Corne
authors.affiliation: Clinical Dietitian Department, Gui De Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Celine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Richard
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care, Erasme University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Jean Charles
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Preiser
mesh_terms: D001069:Appetite Regulation; D016638:Critical Illness / Q000534:rehabilitation* / Q000628:therapy; D003679:Deglutition; D004063:Digestion; D004435:Eating; D002149:Energy Intake; D004750:Enteral Nutrition; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D044623:Nutrition Therapy; D009747:Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D009752:Nutritional Status
keywords: ICU; food intake; ghrelin; mechanical ventilation; nutrition support; palatability; rehabilitation; swallowing disorders; taste