title: Increase in cognitive eating restraint predicts weight loss and change in other anthropometric measurements in overweight/obese premenopausal women.
abstract: In modern societies characterized by food abundance, dietary restraint may serve as a factor in the successful control of weight or facilitation of weight loss. This secondary analysis of data examined whether changes in cognitive eating restraint (CER) and disinhibition predicted weight loss in a sample of 60 overweight/obese premenopausal women [mean ± SD, age = 35.9 ± 5.8 y; weight = 84.4 ± 13.1 kg; body mass index (BMI) = 31.0 ± 4.3 kg/m(2)]. Changes in weight, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio and body fat percentage (BF%) were examined in relation to changes in CER, disinhibition and hunger as measured by the Eating Inventory questionnaire at baseline and week 18 of an 18-week dietary intervention. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to identify predictors of weight loss and changes in other anthropometric variables from baseline to study completion. Increase in CER was found to be the most robust predictor of reduction in weight (P < 0.0001), BMI (P < 0.0001), waist circumference (P < 0.001), hip circumference (P < 0.0001) and BF% (P < 0.0001). Effect of increase in CER on change in BMI, hip circumference and BF% was moderated by increase in disinhibition (all P < 0.05). Results suggest that strategies that target CER and disinhibition should be emphasized in programs proposed to treat and prevent obesity.
authors.affiliation: 110 Chandlee Laboratory, Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
authors.forename: J Kalina
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Urbanek
authors.affiliation: 260A Bevier Hall, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
authors.forename: Catherine J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Metzgar
authors.affiliation: 102 Ackerman Hall, Department of Food and Nutrition, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Indiana, PA 15705, USA.
authors.forename: Pao Ying
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Hsiao
authors.affiliation: 1 UNF Drive, Nutrition and Dietetics, Building 39, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.
authors.forename: Kathryn E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Piehowski
authors.affiliation: 260A Bevier Hall, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA. Electronic address: nickrich@illinois.edu.
authors.forename: Sharon M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Nickols-Richardson
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D031204:Caloric Restriction / Q000523:psychology*; D003071:Cognition; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D004435:Eating / Q000523:psychology; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006815:Hunger; D009765:Obesity / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D050177:Overweight / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D017697:Premenopause; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055105:Waist Circumference; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio; D015431:Weight Loss
keywords: Cognitive eating restraint; Disinhibition; Eating behaviors; Hunger; Obesity; Premenopausal women