title: Decreased expression of sestrin 2 predicts unfavorable outcome in colorectal cancer.
abstract: Sestrin 2 is a conserved antioxidant protein that is involved in p53‑dependent antioxidant defenses and protects cells against oxidative stresses. The present study was conducted to examine the expression of sestrin 2 in colorectal cancer (CRC) and investigate a possible relationship between sestrin 2 expression and prognosis in CRC. The expression of sestrin 2 in human CRC tissues and cell lines was evaluated by immunohistochemical or immunofluorescent staining and western blot analysis. The correlations between sestrin 2 expression in human CRC tissues and clinicopathological variables, including overall survival (OS) and disease‑free survival (DFS), were analyzed. Both human CRC tissues and cell lines showed a decreased expression of sestrin 2. Furthermore, a low expression of sestrin 2 was significantly correlated with advanced tumor stage, lymphatic invasion, lymph node metastasis, vascular invasion and liver metastasis. Survival analysis showed that patients with low sestrin 2 staining had a significantly worse DFS and OS. Additionally, early or advanced stage CRC patients with a low expression of sestrin 2 had a shorter survival. In univariate analysis, the patients with low sestrin 2 expression, advanced tumor stage, lymphatic invasion, lymphatic node metastasis, vascular invasion, liver metastasis and peritoneal metastasis had shorter OS and DFS. In multivariate analysis, only low sestrin 2 expression, advanced tumor stage, lymphatic node metastasis, vascular invasion and liver metastasis remained as independent prognostic factors of poor OS and DFS. The findings suggested that a decreased expression of sestrin 2 is associated with an unfavorable prognosis, which suggests that it is a novel and crucial predictor for CRC metastasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jin-Lai
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zhong-Xue
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency and Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jin-Bao
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Qing-Ning
authors.initials: QN
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Wei-Dong
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Qiu-Yuan
authors.initials: QY
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D019073:HT29 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D010534:Peritoneal Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D000084622:Sestrins
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C465398:SESN2 protein, human; D000084622:Sestrins