title: Reference values for high-density lipoprotein particle size and volume by dynamic light scattering in a Brazilian population sample and their relationships with metabolic parameters.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Current data indicate that the size of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) may be considered an important marker for cardiovascular disease risk. We established reference values of mean HDL size and volume in an asymptomatic representative Brazilian population sample (n=590) and their associations with metabolic parameters by gender.
  
  
  METHODS
  Size and volume were determined in HDL isolated from plasma by polyethyleneglycol precipitation of apoB-containing lipoproteins and measured using the dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although the gender and age distributions agreed with other studies, the mean HDL size reference value was slightly lower than in some other populations. Both HDL size and volume were influenced by gender and varied according to age. HDL size was associated with age and HDL-C (total population); non- white ethnicity and CETP inversely (females); HDL-C and PLTP mass (males). On the other hand, HDL volume was determined only by HDL-C (total population and in both genders) and by PLTP mass (males).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The reference values for mean HDL size and volume using the DLS technique were established in an asymptomatic and representative Brazilian population sample, as well as their related metabolic factors. HDL-C was a major determinant of HDL size and volume, which were differently modulated in females and in males.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas-Unicamp, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Alexandre
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas-Unicamp, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: V H S
authors.initials: VH
authors.lastname: Zago
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas-Unicamp, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: N B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Panzoldo
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas-Unicamp, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Parra
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas-Unicamp, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: D Z
authors.initials: DZ
authors.lastname: Scherrer
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas-Unicamp, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vendrame
authors.affiliation: Lipids Lab (LIM 10), Endocrinology and Metabolism Division of Clinical Hospital, Faculty of Medical Sciences of the University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: V S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Nunes
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas-Unicamp, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: E I L
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: Nanobiolab, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Riberão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Marcato
authors.affiliation: Lipids Lab (LIM 10), Endocrinology and Metabolism Division of Clinical Hospital, Faculty of Medical Sciences of the University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Nakandakare
authors.affiliation: Lipids Lab (LIM 10), Endocrinology and Metabolism Division of Clinical Hospital, Faculty of Medical Sciences of the University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: E C R
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Quintão
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas-Unicamp, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: cottadefaria@gmail.com.
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: de Faria
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000097:blood; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis / Q000592:standards*; D001938:Brazil; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008027:Light; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010316:Particle Size; D012016:Reference Values; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL
keywords: Dynamic light scattering; HDL size; HDL volume; Metabolic parameters; Reference values