title: Comparison of the effects of lanthanum, cerium and praseodymium on rumen fermentation, nutrient digestion and plasma biochemical parameters in beef cattle.
abstract: The objectives of the trial were to compare the effects of supplementing rare earth elements (REE) lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce) and praseodymium (Pr) on rumen fermentation, nutrient digestion, methane (CH4) production, nitrogen (N) balance and plasma biochemical parameters in beef cattle. Four Simmental male cattle, aged 12 months, with initial average liveweight of 333 ± 9 kg and fitted with rumen cannulas, were fed with a basal ration composed of concentrate mixture and maize silage. Animals received a basal ration without adding REE (Control) or three treatments, i.e. supplementing LaCl3, CeCl3 or PrCl3 at 204 mg/kg DM to the basal ration, respectively, which were allocated in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. Each experimental period lasted 15 d, consisting of 12 d for pre-treatment and three subsequent days for sampling. Results showed that all tested levels of REE tended to increase neutral detergent fibre digestibility (p = 0.064) and tended to decrease rumen CH4 production (p = 0.056). Supplementing LaCl3 and CeCl3 decreased total N excretion and urinary N excretion, increased N retention (p < 0.05), tended to increase total urinary purine derivatives (PD) (p = 0.053) and microbial N flow (p = 0.095), whereas supplementing PrCl3 did not affect N retention, urinary PD and microbial N flow. No differences were found in the effects of nutrient digestibility, CH4 production and plasma biochemical parameters among LaCl3, CeCl3 and PrCl3. Further trials using graded levels of LaCl3, CeCl3 and PrCl3 in a wide range are needed to obtain more pronounced results for comparing effects of La, Ce and Pr on rumen fermentation and nutrient digestion in beef cattle.
authors.affiliation: a State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology , China Agricultural University , Beijing , P. R. China.
authors.forename: Shixin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Guangyong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Tingting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology*; D002563:Cerium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004063:Digestion / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005285:Fermentation; D007811:Lanthanum / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D011221:Praseodymium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012417:Rumen / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: C028521:lanthanum chloride; D002563:Cerium; D007811:Lanthanum; D011221:Praseodymium
keywords: beef cattle; digestion; methane; nitrogen balance; rare earth elements; rumen fermentation