title: Imaging of fluoride ion in living cells and tissues with a two-photon ratiometric fluorescence probe.
abstract: A reaction-based two-photon (TP) ratiometric fluorescence probe Z2 has been developed and successfully applied to detect and image fluoride ion in living cells and tissues. The Z2 probe was designed designed to utilize an ICT mechanism between n-butylnaphthalimide as a fluorophore and tert-butyldiphenylsilane (TBDPS) as a response group. Upon addition of fluoride ion, the Si-O bond in the Z2 would be cleaved, and then a stronger electron-donating group was released. The fluorescent changes at 450 and 540 nm, respectively, made it possible to achieve ratiometric fluorescence detection. The results indicated that the Z2 could ratiometrically detect and image fluoride ion in living cells and tissues in a depth of 250 μm by two-photon microscopy (TPM).
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China. zhuxy12@lzu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xinyue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China. wangjx13@lzu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jianxi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China. zhangjj13@lzu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jianjian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China. chenzj12@lzu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhenjie
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China. zhanghx@lzu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Haixia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China. zhangxyu@lzu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiaoyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival; D004583:Electrons; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry*; D005459:Fluorides / Q000032:analysis*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007477:Ions; D051379:Mice; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D017785:Photons; D066244:Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007477:Ions; D005459:Fluorides