title: ATP-dependent potassium channels and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: Diabetes mellitus is a public health problem, which affects a millions worldwide. Most diabetes cases are classified as type 2 diabetes mellitus, which is highly associated with obesity. Type 2 diabetes is considered a multifactorial disorder, with both environmental and genetic factors contributing to its development. An important issue linked with diabetes development is the failure of the insulin releasing mechanism involving abnormal activity of the ATP-dependent potassium channel, KATP. This channel is a transmembrane protein encoded by the KCNJ11 and ABCC8 genes. Furthermore, polymorphisms in these genes have been linked to type 2 diabetes because of the role of KATP in insulin release. While several genetic variations have been reported to be associated with this disease, the E23K polymorphism is most commonly associated with this pathology, as well as to obesity. Here, we review the molecular genetics of the potassium channel and discusses its most described polymorphisms and their associations with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
authors.affiliation: Health and Biosciences School, Pontifical Catholic University of Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.
authors.forename: Dianne Heloisa
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Bonfanti
authors.affiliation: Health and Biosciences School, Pontifical Catholic University of Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.
authors.forename: Larissa Pontes
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Alcazar
authors.affiliation: Health and Biosciences School, Pontifical Catholic University of Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.
authors.forename: Priscila Akemi
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Arakaki
authors.affiliation: Health and Biosciences School, Pontifical Catholic University of Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.
authors.forename: Laysa Toschi
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.affiliation: Health and Biosciences School, Pontifical Catholic University of Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bruna Carla
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Agustini
authors.affiliation: Health and Biosciences School, Pontifical Catholic University of Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabiane Gomes
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: de Moraes Rego
authors.affiliation: Health and Biosciences School, Pontifical Catholic University of Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. Electronic address: henrique.frigeri@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Henrique Ravanhol
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Frigeri
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D024661:Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D064233:Sulfonylurea Receptors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000099161:Kcnj11 Channel
chemical_list: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D015221:Potassium Channels; D024661:Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying; D064233:Sulfonylurea Receptors; D000099161:Kcnj11 Channel
keywords: ABCC8; E23K; I337V; KCNJ11; Obesity; Polymorphisms; Potassium channels; S1369A; T2DM