title: Clinical features and endovascular treatment of visceral artery pseudoaneurysms.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To analyze our experience with clinical features and endovascular treatment of visceral artery pseudoaneurysms (VAPAs).
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed endovascular treatments on 52 patients (34 men and 18 women) affected by VAPA. These cases were pseudoaneurysms of the celiac axis, superior mesenteric artery, and their branches. Endovascular treatments of VAPA using isolation techniques were performed after failure of conservative treatments. Follow-up was carried out via assessment of contrast-enhanced computed tomography or computed tomography angiography images.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The initial technical success rate of endovascular treatment is 100% with only 4 patients rebled during 2-week follow-up. One patient among no rebleeding died of multisystem organ failure 28 days after intervention; thus, 30-day mortality rate was 1.9%. Four patients (7.7%) required secondary interventions because of rebleeding and were successfully treated by reintervention; however, one of the patients died from uncontrolled sepsis 39 days after reintervention. Postembolization syndrome developed in 3 patients (5.8%); one of these patients underwent splenectomy. During follow-up, no change of hepatic function was observed, no bowel ischemia was reported, and VAPA remained absent in all patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endovascular management is minimally invasive and highly successful in treating VAPA. It is particularly useful in poor surgical candidates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xu-Hua
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China. Electronic address: rjzjrk@126.com.
authors.forename: Jian-Zhuang
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Guo-Feng
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Chuan-Sheng
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Hui-Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiang-Jun
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Gan-Sheng
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Feng
mesh_terms: D017541:Aneurysm, False / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D002445:Celiac Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002681:China; D057510:Endovascular Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017538:Mesenteric Artery, Superior / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014781:Viscera / Q000098:blood supply*