title: Distinct intrinsic network connectivity patterns of post-traumatic stress disorder symptom clusters.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is considered a multidimensional disorder, with distinct symptom clusters including re-experiencing, avoidance/numbing, hyperarousal, and most recently depersonalization/derealization. However, the extent of differing intrinsic network connectivity underlying these symptoms has not been fully investigated. We therefore investigated the degree of association between resting connectivity of the salience (SN), default mode (DMN), and central executive (CEN) networks and PTSD symptom severity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using resting-state functional MRI data from PTSD participants (n = 21), we conducted multivariate analyses to test whether connectivity of extracted independent components varied as a function of re-experiencing, avoidance/numbing, hyperarousal, and depersonalization/derealization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hyperarousal symptoms were associated with reduced connectivity of posterior insula/superior temporal gyrus within SN [peak Montréal Neurological Institute (MNI): -44, -8, 0, t = -4.2512, k = 40]. Depersonalization/derealization severity was associated with decreased connectivity of perigenual anterior cingulate/ventromedial prefrontal cortex within ventral anterior DMN (peak MNI: 8, 40, -4; t = -3.8501; k = 15) and altered synchrony between two DMN components and between DMN and CEN.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results are consistent with prior research showing intrinsic network disruptions in PTSD and imply heterogeneous connectivity patterns underlying PTSD symptom dimensions. These findings suggest possible biomarkers for PTSD and its dissociative subtype.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tursich
authors.affiliation: Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, The University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ros
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.|Department of Psychology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.|Department of Neuroscience, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Frewen
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Kluetsch
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.|The Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
authors.forename: V D
authors.initials: VD
authors.lastname: Calhoun
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.|Department of Neuroscience, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Lanius
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D005260:Female; D006179:Gyrus Cinguli / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010296:Parietal Lobe / Q000503:physiopathology; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000503:physiopathology*
keywords: adult survivors of child abuse; functional neuroimaging; multivariate analysis; post-traumatic stress disorders