title: Nanocolumnar coatings with selective behavior towards osteoblast and Staphylococcus aureus proliferation.
abstract: Bacterial colonization and biofilm formation on orthopedic implants is one of the worst scenarios in orthopedic surgery, in terms of both patient prognosis and healthcare costs. Tailoring the surfaces of implants at the nanoscale to actively promote bone bonding while avoiding bacterial colonization represents an interesting challenge to achieving better clinical outcomes. Herein, a Ti6Al4V alloy of medical grade has been coated with Ti nanostructures employing the glancing angle deposition technique by magnetron sputtering. The resulting surfaces have a high density of nanocolumnar structures, which exhibit strongly impaired bacterial adhesion that inhibits biofilm formation, while osteoblasts exhibit good cell response with similar behavior to the initial substrates. These results are discussed on the basis of a "lotus leaf effect" induced by the surface nanostructures and the different sizes and biological characteristics of osteoblasts and Staphylococcus aureus.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain.
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Izquierdo-Barba
authors.affiliation: IMM-Instituto de Microelectrónica de Madrid (CNM-CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, PTM, E-28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: José Miguel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: García-Martín
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla), Americo Vespucio 49, 41092 Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Álvarez
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla), Americo Vespucio 49, 41092 Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Palmero
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Microbiology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Esteban
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Microbiology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Concepción
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pérez-Jorge
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain. Electronic address: arcosd@ucm.es.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Arcos
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain. Electronic address: Vallet@ucm.es.
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vallet-Regí
mesh_terms: D000497:Alloys; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014025:Titanium / Q000494:pharmacology; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D000497:Alloys; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; C031462:titanium alloy (TiAl6V4); D014025:Titanium
keywords: Antibacterial effects; Biocompatibility; Biofilm; Magnetron sputtering; Titanium nanocolumns