title: Time course of neuronal death following endothelin-1 induced focal ischemia in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Endothelin-1 (ET-1) induced focal ischemia is increasingly being used as a preclinical model of stroke. Here, we described for the first time, the time course of neuronal death and infarct evolution during the first 7 days following ischemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining to evaluate infarct progression and Fluoro-Jade C (FJC) to quantify neuronal degeneration at 24, 48, 72h and 7 days after ET-1 injection to the forelimb motor cortex in Sprague-Dawley rats.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that infarct volume and neuronal degeneration are maximal at 24h post-stroke. Neuronal degeneration is also significantly reduced within 7 days of stroke induction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study is the first to provide a direct evaluation of both infarct volume evolution and neuronal death time course following ET-1 induced focal ischemia in the forelimb motor cortex.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study describes the short-term time course of neuronal death and brain injury in the ET-1 stroke model, which provides a significant reference when determining the appropriate time to commence neuroprotective or recovery promoting strategies.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Carine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nguemeni
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gomez-Smith
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Matthew S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Jeffers
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Clarissa Pedrini
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Schuch
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. Electronic address: dcorbett@uottawa.ca.
authors.forename: Dale
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Corbett
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002452:Cell Count; D016923:Cell Death / Q000502:physiology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018450:Disease Progression; D019332:Endothelin-1; D005552:Forelimb; D008297:Male; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009410:Nerve Degeneration / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009474:Neurons / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020521:Stroke / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D019332:Endothelin-1
keywords: Endothelin-1; Fluoro-Jade C; Ischemic stroke; Neuronal death