title: Increased serum levels of inflammatory mediators and low frequency of regulatory T cells in the peripheral blood of preeclamptic Mexican women.
abstract: Regulatory T cells (T(regs); CD4+CD25(high)Foxp3+) are critical in maintaining immune tolerance during pregnancy and uterine vascularization. In this study, we show that, in Mexican women with different preeclamptic severity levels, the number of T(regs) and the subset of CD4+CD25(high)Foxp3+ are decreased compared with those of normotensive pregnant women (NP). Moreover, a systemic inflammatory state is a pivotal feature in the pathogenesis of this disorder and could be related to hypertension and endothelial dysfunction. Likewise, we observed elevated levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-8 in the serum of severe preeclamptic patients (SPE); no differences were found in the IL-1β and IL-10 levels compared with those of NP patients. An analysis of chemokines in the preeclamptic serum samples showed high levels of CXCL10, CCL2, and CXCL9. Our findings suggest that the preeclamptic state is linked with systemic inflammation and reduced numbers of T(regs).
authors.affiliation: Immunobiology Laboratory, Hospital Juárez de México, Ministry of Health, 07760 Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Mario Adan
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9955-8498
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Moreno-Eutimio
authors.affiliation: Research Directorate, Hospital Juárez de México, Ministry of Health, 07760 Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: José María
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Tovar-Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Immunobiology Laboratory, Hospital Juárez de México, Ministry of Health, 07760 Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Karina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vargas-Avila
authors.affiliation: Immunobiology Laboratory, Hospital Juárez de México, Ministry of Health, 07760 Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Nayeli Goreti
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Nieto-Velázquez
authors.affiliation: Immunobiology Laboratory, Hospital Juárez de México, Ministry of Health, 07760 Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: María Guadalupe
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Frías-De-León
authors.affiliation: Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Hospital Juárez de México, Ministry of Health, 07760 Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Mónica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sierra-Martinez
authors.affiliation: Research Directorate, Hospital Juárez de México, Ministry of Health, 07760 Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Acosta-Altamirano
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000097:blood*; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10 / Q000097:blood*; D054370:Chemokine CXCL9 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000097:blood; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000276:immunology; D008800:Mexico; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: C111835:CCL2 protein, human; C114753:CXCL10 protein, human; C080810:CXCL9 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10; D054370:Chemokine CXCL9; C418974:FOXP3 protein, human; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; C508017:IL2RA protein, human; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit; D016209:Interleukin-8; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha