title: A single pair of neurons links sleep to memory consolidation in Drosophila melanogaster.
abstract: Sleep promotes memory consolidation in humans and many other species, but the physiological and anatomical relationships between sleep and memory remain unclear. Here, we show the dorsal paired medial (DPM) neurons, which are required for memory consolidation in Drosophila, are sleep-promoting inhibitory neurons. DPMs increase sleep via release of GABA onto wake-promoting mushroom body (MB) α'/β' neurons. Functional imaging demonstrates that DPM activation evokes robust increases in chloride in MB neurons, but is unable to cause detectable increases in calcium or cAMP. Downregulation of α'/β' GABAA and GABABR3 receptors results in sleep loss, suggesting these receptors are the sleep-relevant targets of DPM-mediated inhibition. Regulation of sleep by neurons necessary for consolidation suggests that these brain processes may be functionally interrelated via their shared anatomy. These findings have important implications for the mechanistic relationship between sleep and memory consolidation, arguing for a significant role of inhibitory neurotransmission in regulating these processes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Volen Center for Complex Systems, National Center for Behavioral Genomics, Brandeis University, Waltham, United States.
authors.forename: Paula R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Haynes
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Volen Center for Complex Systems, National Center for Behavioral Genomics, Brandeis University, Waltham, United States.
authors.forename: Bethany L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Christmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Volen Center for Complex Systems, National Center for Behavioral Genomics, Brandeis University, Waltham, United States.
authors.forename: Leslie C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Griffith
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000502:physiology*; D007473:Ion Channels; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology; D024521:Mushroom Bodies / Q000502:physiology; D009433:Neural Inhibition / Q000502:physiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D013569:Synapses / Q000502:physiology; D000074025:TRPA1 Cation Channel; D050052:TRPC Cation Channels / Q000378:metabolism; D014851:Wakefulness / Q000502:physiology; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D007473:Ion Channels; D000074025:TRPA1 Cation Channel; D050052:TRPC Cation Channels; C475684:TrpA1 protein, Drosophila; D012701:Serotonin; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D000109:Acetylcholine; D004298:Dopamine
keywords: D. melanogaster; circuits; learning and memory; neuroscience; sleep