title: Effect of umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells on motor functions of identical twins with cerebral palsy: pilot study on the correlation of efficacy and hereditary factors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to compare the impact of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cell (UCMSC) transplantation on the motor functions of identical twins with cerebral palsy (CP) and to analyze the correlation between the efficacy and hereditary factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight pairs (16 individuals) of identical twins with CP were recruited and received allogenic UCMSC transplantation by means of subarachnoid injection. The gross motor function measure (GMFM) and the fine motor function measure (FMFM) were performed before and 1 and 6 months after the treatment to analyze the results of individuals before and after the therapy, between two individuals of an identical twin and among twin pairs. Repeated-measured data variance was used to analyze the GMFM and FMFM scores of patients before and 1 and 6 months after the therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight pairs (16 individuals) of children with CP had significant improvement in the GMFM at the end of the 1st and 6th months after the therapy compared with that before the therapy, whereas the amelioration of the FMFM was not statistically significant. The improvements in motor functions between two individuals of an identical twin but not among twin pairs were correlated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  UCMSC transplantation significantly improves GMFM in children with CP; motor function improvements in the GMFM between two individuals of an identical twin were closely correlated, but improvements among twin pairs were not correlated. We hypothesize that hereditary factors contribute to the mechanisms of UCMSC transplantation in motor function improvement in children with CP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, General Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiaodong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, General Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Hezhen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, General Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Rongrong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.affiliation: Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, General Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, General Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Pei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, General Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xinxin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.affiliation: Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, General Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Hongbin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, General Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Guanghui
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, General Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xuebin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, General Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Zan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, General Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China. Electronic address: riveran@163.com.
authors.forename: Yihua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: An
mesh_terms: D064987:Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D014430:Twins, Monozygotic; D014470:Umbilical Cord / Q000166:cytology
keywords: cerebral palsy; fine motor function measure; gross motor function measure; identical twins; umbilical cord–derived mesenchymal stromal cells