title: Local Treatment with Triamcinolone Acetonide and Bevacizumab for Ocular Symptoms in a Patient with POEMS Syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report our experience in managing a case of bilateral optic disc oedema and unilateral cystoid macular oedema with a posterior subtenon (PST) injection of triamcinolone acetonide and intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) in a patient with polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy, and skin changes (POEMS) syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 50-year-old healthy woman complaining of bilateral blurred vision for several days was referred to the ophthalmologist. An eye examination showed a bilateral optic disc swelling and small preretinal haemorrhages. In addition, a peripheral neuropathy was found. Laboratory tests showed elevated levels of M-protein type IgA of 1.4 g/l and a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentration of 6.1 ng/ml. The cerebrospinal fluid protein content was 131 mg/dl. An abdominal CT scan revealed hepatosplenomegaly. The diagnosis of POEMS syndrome was made based on the polyneuropathy, hepatosplenomegaly, IgA lambda monoclonal proteinemia, and optic disc swelling. As vision declined, 40 mg PST injection of triamcinolone was given bilaterally. Ten weeks thereafter, 2 IVB injections of 2.5 mg were administered to the left eye, with a 4-week interval. Because of an incomplete recovery of her visual functions, diarrhoea and general malaise, melphalan, followed by autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, was initiated. After systemic treatment, she had no visual complaints anymore, the optic disc oedema had resolved, and the VEGF serum concentration had normalized.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Local treatment with IVB and PST injection of triamcinolone can be an option for ocular symptoms in POEMS syndrome. However, given the incomplete recovery of the ocular abnormalities and the other symptoms, systemic treatment remains standard.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Reinier de Graaf Group, Delft, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marcin G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Prost
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Reinier de Graaf Group, Delft, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: H Jacobus
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Gilhuis
authors.affiliation: Department of Haematology and Oncology, Reinier de Graaf Group, Delft, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Rolf E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Brouwer
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gawda
keywords: Bevacizumab; Macular oedema; Optic disc oedema; POEMS syndrome; Triamcinolone