title: Phytohormones as integrators of environmental signals in the regulation of mycorrhizal symbioses.
abstract: For survival, plants have to efficiently adjust their phenotype to environmental challenges, finely coordinating their responses to balance growth and defence. Such phenotypic plasticity can be modulated by their associated microbiota. The widespread mycorrhizal symbioses modify plant responses to external stimuli, generally improving the resilience of the symbiotic system to environmental stresses. Phytohormones, central regulators of plant development and immunity, are instrumental in orchestrating plant responses to the fluctuating environment, but also in the regulation of mycorrhizal symbioses. Exciting advances in the molecular regulation of phytohormone signalling are providing mechanistic insights into how plants coordinate their responses to environmental cues and mycorrhizal functioning. Here, we summarize how these mechanisms permit the fine-tuning of the symbiosis according to the ever-changing environment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: María J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Pozo
authors.affiliation: Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: López-Ráez
authors.affiliation: Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Concepción
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Azcón-Aguilar
authors.affiliation: Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: García-Garrido
mesh_terms: D004777:Environment; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000187:drug effects; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D063245:Plant Development / Q000187:drug effects; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013559:Symbiosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D010937:Plant Growth Regulators
keywords: context dependence; defence; hormone crosstalk; molecular hubs; mycorrhiza; phenotypic plasticity; phytohormones; symbiosis