title: The evolution of cyclopropenium ions into functional polyelectrolytes.
abstract: Versatile polyelectrolytes with tunable physical properties have the potential to be transformative in applications such as energy storage, fuel cells and various electronic devices. Among the types of materials available for these applications, nanostructured cationic block copolyelectrolytes offer mechanical integrity and well-defined conducting paths for ionic transport. To date, most cationic polyelectrolytes bear charge formally localized on heteroatoms and lack broad modularity to tune their physical properties. To overcome these challenges, we describe herein the development of a new class of functional polyelectrolytes based on the aromatic cyclopropenium ion. We demonstrate the facile synthesis of a series of polymers and nanoparticles based on monomeric cyclopropenium building blocks incorporating various functional groups that affect physical properties. The materials exhibit high ionic conductivity and thermal stability due to the nature of the cationic moieties, thus rendering this class of new materials as an attractive alternative to develop ion-conducting membranes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA.
authors.forename: Yivan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA.
authors.forename: Jessica L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Freyer
authors.affiliation: 1] Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [2] Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Pepa
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cotanda
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA.
authors.forename: Spencer D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Brucks
authors.affiliation: Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Aberdeen, Maryland 21010, USA.
authors.forename: Kato L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Killops
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Bandar
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Torsitano
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [2] Materials Sciences Division, Environmental Energy Technologies Division and Joint Center for Energy Storage, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Nitash P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Balsara
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA.
authors.forename: Tristan H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Lambert
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA.
authors.forename: Luis M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Campos
mesh_terms: D058266:Dielectric Spectroscopy; D015195:Drug Design; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000379:methods; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000737:chemistry*; D007477:Ions; D008422:Materials Testing; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D049329:Nanostructures; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D004573:Electrolytes; D007477:Ions; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011108:Polymers