title: Cellular disulfide bond formation in bioactive peptides and proteins.
abstract: Bioactive peptides play important roles in metabolic regulation and modulation and many are used as therapeutics. These peptides often possess disulfide bonds, which are important for their structure, function and stability. A systematic network of enzymes--a disulfide bond generating enzyme, a disulfide bond donor enzyme and a redox cofactor--that function inside the cell dictates the formation and maintenance of disulfide bonds. The main pathways that catalyze disulfide bond formation in peptides and proteins in prokaryotes and eukaryotes are remarkably similar and share several mechanistic features. This review summarizes the formation of disulfide bonds in peptides and proteins by cellular and recombinant machinery.
authors.affiliation: Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, the University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia. fs@unimelb.edu.au.
authors.forename: Nitin A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Patil
authors.affiliation: Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, the University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia. julien.tailhades@florey.edu.au.
authors.forename: Julien
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tailhades
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, the University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia. rahughes@unimelb.edu.au.
authors.forename: Richard Anthony
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry, the University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia. fs@unimelb.edu.au.
authors.forename: Frances
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Separovic
authors.affiliation: Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, the University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia. fs@unimelb.edu.au.
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Wade
authors.affiliation: Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, the University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia. akhter.hossain@unimelb.edu.au.
authors.forename: Mohammed Akhter
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hossain
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004220:Disulfides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D017510:Protein Folding; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004220:Disulfides; D010455:Peptides; D011506:Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins