title: Massive attack by honeybees in a German shepherd dog: description of a fatal case and review of the literature.
abstract: In the present study, a fatal case caused by honeybee (Apis cerana) stings was documented in a female German shepherd dog that was presented at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan. Characteristic clinical signs included hematuria, hematemesis, incoordination and convulsions along with evidence of massive honeybee attack supported the diagnosis of envenomation. The dog was treated with dexamethasone and diphenhydramine, but it did not respond to therapy and died. This outcome could be avoided if we had a bee antivenom available for treating envenomated patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery (CMS), Faculty of Veterinary Sciences (FVS), University of Agriculture Faisalabad (UAF), Faisalabad, 38040 Punjab Pakistan.
authors.forename: Mudassar Niaz
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Mughal
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery (CMS), Faculty of Veterinary Sciences (FVS), University of Agriculture Faisalabad (UAF), Faisalabad, 38040 Punjab Pakistan.
authors.forename: Ghazanfar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Abbas
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery (CMS), Faculty of Veterinary Sciences (FVS), University of Agriculture Faisalabad (UAF), Faisalabad, 38040 Punjab Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saqib
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery (CMS), Faculty of Veterinary Sciences (FVS), University of Agriculture Faisalabad (UAF), Faisalabad, 38040 Punjab Pakistan.
authors.forename: Ghulam
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Muhammad
keywords: German shepherd; Honey bee; Sting