title: Association of serum 17β-estradiol concentration, hormone therapy, and alveolar crest height in postmenopausal women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Declines in endogenous estrogen levels after menopause can lead to systemic bone loss, including loss of oral bone and alveolar crest height (ACH). However, few studies have assessed both serum 17β-estradiol (E2) and exogenous hormone therapy (HT) use in relation to oral bone loss.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study examines the associations among serum E2, HT use, and ACH in 613 postmenopausal women from the Buffalo OsteoPerio study. Baseline ACH levels and 5-year ACH were assessed for groups according to E2 level (undetectable, >5.00 to ≤18.00, >18.00 to ≤46.07, and >46.07 pg/mL) and among HT use (never, ever) using analysis of variance and analysis of covariance. Logistic regression was used to analyze the association of ACH loss with serum E2 and HT use.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In cross-sectional analyses, no association was found of serum E2 with whole-mouth mean or worst-site ACH. However, history of HT use was associated with ACH. Women who had never used HT had more ACH loss assessed as a whole-mouth mean ACH (P = 0.01) and as worst-site ACH loss (P = 0.03). In logistic regression analyses of baseline ACH loss severity, HT never-users had two-fold higher odds of being in the severe ACH loss category compared to ever-users (odds ratio, 2.00; 95% confidence interval, 1.11 to 3.62). No association was observed of 5-year change in ACH with baseline serum E2 or HT use.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although this study did not detect an association with current serum E2 level and ACH, HT use was found to be associated with less ACH loss in postmenopausal women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY.
authors.forename: Youjin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: LaMonte
authors.forename: Kathleen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Hovey
authors.forename: Xiaodan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Mai
authors.forename: Mine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tezal
authors.forename: Amy E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Millen
authors.forename: Heather M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Ochs-Balcom
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Genco
authors.forename: Vanessa M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Barnabei
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wactawski-Wende
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000145:classification / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood*; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy; D004967:Estrogens / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008875:Middle Aged; D010052:Ovariectomy; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000097:blood*; D016300:Radiography, Bitewing / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D004967:Estrogens; D004958:Estradiol
keywords: Epidemiology; osteoporosis; periodontitis; women’s health