title: Mass, energy and material balances of SRF production process. Part 3: solid recovered fuel produced from municipal solid waste.
abstract: This is the third and final part of the three-part article written to describe the mass, energy and material balances of the solid recovered fuel production process produced from various types of waste streams through mechanical treatment. This article focused the production of solid recovered fuel from municipal solid waste. The stream of municipal solid waste used here as an input waste material to produce solid recovered fuel is energy waste collected from households of municipality. This article presents the mass, energy and material balances of the solid recovered fuel production process. These balances are based on the proximate as well as the ultimate analysis and the composition determination of various streams of material produced in a solid recovered fuel production plant. All the process streams are sampled and treated according to CEN standard methods for solid recovered fuel. The results of the mass balance of the solid recovered fuel production process showed that 72% of the input waste material was recovered in the form of solid recovered fuel; 2.6% as ferrous metal, 0.4% as non-ferrous metal, 11% was sorted as rejects material, 12% as fine faction and 2% as heavy fraction. The energy balance of the solid recovered fuel production process showed that 86% of the total input energy content of input waste material was recovered in the form of solid recovered fuel. The remaining percentage (14%) of the input energy was split into the streams of reject material, fine fraction and heavy fraction. The material balances of this process showed that mass fraction of paper and cardboard, plastic (soft) and wood recovered in the solid recovered fuel stream was 88%, 85% and 90%, respectively, of their input mass. A high mass fraction of rubber material, plastic (PVC-plastic) and inert (stone/rock and glass particles) was found in the reject material stream.
authors.affiliation: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, VTT, Finland muhammad.nasrullah@vtt.fi.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nasrullah
authors.affiliation: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, VTT, Finland.
authors.forename: Pasi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vainikka
authors.affiliation: Lassila & Tikanoja plc, Jyväskylä, Finland.
authors.forename: Janne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hannula
authors.affiliation: Chemical School of Science and Technology, Aalto University, Aalto, Finland.
authors.forename: Markku
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hurme
authors.affiliation: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, VTT, Finland.
authors.forename: Janne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kärki
mesh_terms: D002947:Cities; D005387:Finland; D059027:Recycling / Q000379:methods*; D062611:Solid Waste / Q000032:analysis*; D018505:Waste Management / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D062611:Solid Waste
keywords: Solid recovered fuel; energy waste; material balances; mechanical treatment; municipal solid waste