title: Neuromolecular mechanisms mediating the effects of chronic intermittent hypoxia on adrenal medulla.
abstract: Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) with recurrent apnea is a major health problem affecting several million adult men and women. Humans with SDB are prone to develop hypertension. Studies on rodents established that exposure to chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) alone is sufficient to induce hypertension similar to that seen in patients with SDB. Available evidence from studies on experimental animals suggests that catecholamines secreted from adrenal medulla (AM), an end-organ of the sympathetic nervous system is a major contributor to CIH-induced hypertension. In this article, we present an overview of our current understanding on how CIH reconfigures AM function and highlight recent findings on the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Integrative Physiology and Center for Systems Biology of O(2) Sensing, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, IL, USA. Electronic address: gkumar@bsd.uchicago.edu.
authors.forename: Ganesh K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Institute for Integrative Physiology and Center for Systems Biology of O(2) Sensing, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Jayasri
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nanduri
authors.affiliation: Institute for Integrative Physiology and Center for Systems Biology of O(2) Sensing, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Ying-Jie
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Institute for Integrative Physiology and Center for Systems Biology of O(2) Sensing, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Nanduri R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Prabhakar
mesh_terms: D000313:Adrenal Medulla / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000378:metabolism*; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002395:Catecholamines; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species
keywords: Carotid body chemoreflex; Catecholamine secretion; HIF-α isoform dysregulation; Hypertension; Reactive oxygen species; Tyrosine hydroxylase activation