title: Influence of high-pressure homogenization, ultrasonication, and supercritical fluid on free astaxanthin extraction from β-glucanase-treated Phaffia rhodozyma cells.
abstract: In this study astaxanthin production by Phaffia rhodozyma was enhanced by chemical mutation using ethyl methane sulfonate. The mutant produces a higher amount of astaxanthin than the wild yeast strain. In comparison to supercritical fluid technique, high-pressure homogenization is better for extracting astaxanthin from yeast cells. Ultrasonication of dimethyl sulfoxide, hexane, and acetone-treated cells yielded less astaxanthin than β-glucanase enzyme-treated cells. The combination of ultrasonication with β-glucanase enzyme is found to be the most efficient method of extraction among all the tested physical and chemical extraction methods. It gives a maximum yield of 435.71 ± 6.55 µg free astaxanthin per gram of yeast cell mass.
authors.affiliation: a Microbial and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory , Centre for Advanced Research in Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy , Jamia Hamdard , New Delhi , India.
authors.forename: Mojeer
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hasan
authors.affiliation: a Microbial and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory , Centre for Advanced Research in Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy , Jamia Hamdard , New Delhi , India.
authors.forename: Mohd
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Azhar
authors.affiliation: a Microbial and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory , Centre for Advanced Research in Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy , Jamia Hamdard , New Delhi , India.
authors.forename: Hina
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nangia
authors.affiliation: a Microbial and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory , Centre for Advanced Research in Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy , Jamia Hamdard , New Delhi , India.
authors.forename: Prakash Chandra
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Bhatt
authors.affiliation: a Microbial and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory , Centre for Advanced Research in Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy , Jamia Hamdard , New Delhi , India.
authors.forename: Bibhu Prasad
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Panda
mesh_terms: D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D025924:Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D005020:Ethyl Methanesulfonate / Q000494:pharmacology; D005285:Fermentation; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000737:chemistry; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D011312:Pressure; D013696:Temperature; D014465:Ultrasonics / Q000379:methods; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D024341:Xanthophylls; C005948:astaxanthine; D005020:Ethyl Methanesulfonate; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases
keywords: Astaxanthin; Phaffia rhodozyma; ethyl methane sulfonate; high-pressure homogenization