title: In vitro antioxidant and inhibitory activity of water decoctions of carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua L.) on cholinesterases, α-amylase and α-glucosidase.
abstract: This work reports the in vitro inhibitory activity of water decoctions of leaves, germ flour, pulp, locust bean gum and stem bark of carob tree on α-amylase, α-glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase. The antioxidant activity and the chemical characterisation of the extracts made by spectrophotometric assays and by high-performance liquid chromatography are also reported. Leaves and stem bark decoctions strongly inhibited all the enzymes tested, had significant antioxidant activity and the highest total phenolics content. The major compounds were identified as gallic acid in the leaves and gentisic acid in the stem bark.
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Sciences and Technology, MeditBio , Ed. 8, Campus of Gambelas, Faro , Portugal.
authors.forename: Luísa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Custódio
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Sciences and Technology, MeditBio , Ed. 8, Campus of Gambelas, Faro , Portugal.
authors.forename: João
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Patarra
authors.affiliation: b Yachay Tech, Yachay City of Knowledge , 100119 Urcuqui , Ecuador.|c Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona Science Park , Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona , Spain.|d School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal , 4001 Durban , South Africa.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Alberício
authors.affiliation: e Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Center of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences , University of Lisbon , Campo Grande, Ed. C8, 1749-016 Lisbon , Portugal.
authors.forename: Nuno Rosa
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Neng
authors.affiliation: e Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Center of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences , University of Lisbon , Campo Grande, Ed. C8, 1749-016 Lisbon , Portugal.
authors.forename: José Manuel Florêncio
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Nogueira
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Sciences and Technology, MeditBio , Ed. 8, Campus of Gambelas, Faro , Portugal.
authors.forename: Anabela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Romano
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002802:Cholinesterases; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D005685:Galactans / Q000737:chemistry; D005707:Gallic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005841:Gentisates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008351:Mannans / Q000737:chemistry; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D053149:Plant Gums / Q000737:chemistry; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D014197:Trees / Q000737:chemistry; D000516:alpha-Amylases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005685:Galactans; D005841:Gentisates; D008351:Mannans; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D053149:Plant Gums; D005707:Gallic Acid; D002802:Cholinesterases; D000516:alpha-Amylases; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases; C017471:locust bean gum; C010925:2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid
keywords: anti-hyperglycaemic; carob tree; diabetes; neurological disorders