title: Investigation of protective role of curcumin against paclitaxel-induced inner ear damage in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the potential protective effect of curcumin on paclitaxel-induced ototoxicity in rats by means of immunohistochemical and histopathological analysis and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Animal study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into five groups. Group 1 was administered no paclitaxel and curcumin during the study. Groups 2, 3, 4 and 5 were administered 5 mg/kg paclitaxel; 200 mg/kg curcumin; 5 mg/kg paclitaxel, followed by 200 mg/kg curcumin; 200 mg/kg curcumin and a day later 5 mg/kg paclitaxel followed intraperitoneally by 200 mg/kg curcumin once a week for 4 consecutive weeks, respectively. After the final DPOAEs test, the animals were sacrificed and their cochlea were prepared for hematoxylin and eosin and caspase-3 staining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The DPOAEs thresholds and histopathological and immunohistochemical findings were substantially correlated in all groups. The histopathologic findings in the cochlea of the paclitaxel-treated animals showed not only changes in the organ of Corti, but also damage to the stria vascularis and spiral limbus, including nuclear degeneration, cytoplasmic vacuolization, and atrophy of intermediate cells. Additionally, cochlear changes in group 2, such as intense apoptosis, were confirmed by caspase-3 immunohistochemical staining. In group 4, coreceiving curcumin could not sufficiently prevent paclitaxel-induced ototoxicity, and the results in group 5 were similar to the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our study, we have concluded that pre- and coreceiving curcumin can significantly protect the cochlear morphology and functions on paclitaxel-induced ototoxicity in rats. Curcumin might be considered as a potential natural product that, used as a dietary supplement, could be easily given to patients undergoing paclitaxel chemotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  NA
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Afyon Kocatepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
authors.forename: Abdulkadir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bucak
authors.forename: Cigdem
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ozdemir
authors.forename: Sahin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ulu
authors.forename: Yucel
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gonul
authors.forename: Abdullah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aycicek
authors.forename: Mukremin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uysal
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cangal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003474:Curcumin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007758:Ear, Inner / Q000187:drug effects*; D006319:Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017084:Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous / Q000187:drug effects*; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D003474:Curcumin; D017239:Paclitaxel
keywords: Otology; curcumin; paclitaxel; quality of life