title: Immune screening identifies novel T cell targets encoded by antisense reading frames of HIV-1.
abstract: Cytotoxic-T lymphocyte (CTL) responses to epitopes in alternative HIV reading frames have been reported. However, the extent of CTL responses to putative proteins encoded in antisense reading frames is unknown. Using sequence alignments and computational approaches, we here predict five potential antisense HIV proteins and characterize common CTL responses against them. Results suggest that antisense-derived sequences are commonly transcribed and translated and could encode functional proteins that contain important targets of anti-HIV cellular immunity.
authors.affiliation: Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Translational Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Christoph T
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1730-8824
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.affiliation: IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute-HIVACAT, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Spain.
authors.forename: Anuska
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Llano
authors.affiliation: Microsoft Research, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Jonathan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Carlson
authors.affiliation: Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
authors.forename: Zabrina L
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Brumme
authors.affiliation: Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Brockman
authors.affiliation: IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute-HIVACAT, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Spain.
authors.forename: Samandhy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cedeño
authors.affiliation: British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
authors.forename: P Richard
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Harrigan
authors.affiliation: Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, USA University of Montreal Hospital Research Center (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Daniel E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Kaufmann
authors.affiliation: Microsoft Research, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Heckerman
authors.affiliation: Infection Biology Group, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Meyerhans
authors.affiliation: IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute-HIVACAT, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Spain Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain University of Vic and Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Catalonia, Spain Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain cbrander@irsicaixa.es.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brander
mesh_terms: D015488:HIV Antigens / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D016372:RNA, Antisense / Q000235:genetics; D016364:Reading Frames; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D015488:HIV Antigens; D016372:RNA, Antisense