title: Microglia in neuronal plasticity: Influence of stress.
abstract: The central nervous system (CNS) has previously been regarded as an immune-privileged site with the absence of immune cell responses but this dogma was not entirely true. Microglia are the brain innate immune cells and recent findings indicate that they participate both in CNS disease and infection as well as facilitate normal CNS function. Microglia are highly plastic and play integral roles in sculpting the structure of the CNS, refining neuronal circuitry and connectivity, and contribute actively to neuronal plasticity in the healthy brain. Interestingly, psychological stress can perturb the function of microglia in association with an impaired neuronal plasticity and the development of emotional behavior alterations. As a result it seemed important to describe in this review some findings indicating that the stress-induced microglia dysfunction may underlie neuroplasticity deficits associated to many mood disorders. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'Neuroimmunology and Synaptic Function'.
authors.affiliation: Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, INRA 1286, 33077 Bordeaux Cedex, France; Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux 33077, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Christophe
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Delpech
authors.affiliation: Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, INRA 1286, 33077 Bordeaux Cedex, France; Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux 33077, France.
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Madore
authors.affiliation: Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, INRA 1286, 33077 Bordeaux Cedex, France; Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux 33077, France.
authors.forename: Agnes
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nadjar
authors.affiliation: Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, INRA 1286, 33077 Bordeaux Cedex, France; Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux 33077, France.
authors.forename: Corinne
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Joffre
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA.
authors.forename: Eric S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Wohleb
authors.affiliation: Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, INRA 1286, 33077 Bordeaux Cedex, France; Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux 33077, France. Electronic address: sophie.laye@bordeaux.inra.fr.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Layé
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002450:Cell Communication; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D017628:Microglia / Q000502:physiology*; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000503:physiopathology*
keywords: Catecholamine; Corticosterone; Cytokine; Microglia; Neuroplasticity; Stress; Synapse