title: Microbial DNA recognition by cGAS-STING and other sensors in dendritic cells in inflammatory bowel diseases.
abstract: Recognition of microbial nucleic acid initiates host immune defenses against pathogens. Impaired recognition of nucleic acid is involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases. In contrast to the relatively well-established mechanism of microbial RNA sensing and associated signaling cascades, very little is known on how microbial DNA activates intracellular DNA sensors and controls the function of antigen-presenting cells (especially dendritic cells) to shape mucosal immune responses in intestine. In this review, we will introduce mucosal dendritic cell population, describe various putative DNA sensors, emphasize on newly identified cGAS-cGAMP-STING complex, and discuss how the detection of foreign DNA by mucosal dendritic cells activates innate and adaptive immune responses in intestine. Finally, we will identify certain inflammatory bowel disease-susceptibility genes that associate with impaired microbial DNA recognition in human.
authors.affiliation: *School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Department of Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, China; †Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and ‡Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Song
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jianan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Jieshou
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells; D004247:DNA / Q000276:immunology*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D009713:Nucleotidyltransferases / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D000099197:STING Protein; D000099235:Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate-Adenosine Monophosphate Synthase
chemical_list: D004247:DNA; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009713:Nucleotidyltransferases; C532857:STING1 protein, human; D000099197:STING Protein; C578390:cGAS protein, human; D000099235:Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate-Adenosine Monophosphate Synthase