title: Analysis of endodontist posture utilizing cinemetry, surface electromyography and ergonomic checklists.
abstract: The postural risk factors for dentists include the ease of vision in the workplace, cold, vibration and mechanical pressure in tissues, incorrect posture, functional fixity, cognitive requirements and work-related organizational and psychosocial factors. The objective was to analyze the posture of endodontists at the workplace. Eighteen right-handed endodontists aged 25 to 60 years (34±3) participated in the study. Electromyography, kinemetry, ergonomic scales (RULA and Couto's checklist) and biophotogrammetry were used to analyze the posture of endodontists during root canal treatment of the maxillary right first and second molars using rotary and manual instrumentation. The variations observed in the electromyographic activities during the performance of rotary and manual techniques suggest that the fibers of the longissimus region, anterior and medium deltoid, medium trapezium, biceps, triceps brachii, brachioradialis and short thumb abductor muscles underwent adaptations to provide more accurate functional movements. Computerized kinemetry and biophotogrammetry showed that, as far as posture is concerned, rotary technique was more demanding than the manual technique. In conclusion, the group of endodontists evaluated in this study exhibited posture disorders regardless of whether the rotary or manual technique was used.
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, USP - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Geraldo Celso da Silva
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Onety
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, USP - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniel Vilela
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Leonel
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, USP - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo César
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Saquy
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, USP - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gabriel Pádua da
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, USP - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, USP - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tiago Gilioli
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Varise
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, USP - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luiz Gustavo de
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Sousa
authors.affiliation: Claretiano University Center, Batatais, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Edson Donizetti
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Verri
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, USP - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Selma
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Siéssere
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, USP - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Semprini
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, USP - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Victor Rodrigues
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Nepomuceno
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, USP - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Simone Cecilio Hallak
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Regalo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D057189:Checklist; D004576:Electromyography; D004708:Endodontics; D006804:Ergonomics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology*; D012307:Risk Factors