title: An analysis of the association between a polymorphism of KCNJ11 and diabetic retinopathy in a Chinese Han population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have reported that the polymorphism rs5219 of the potassium inwardly rectifying channel, subfamily J, member 11 (KCNJ11) is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Given that diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common microvascular complications of T2DM, GWAS have identified a number of potential susceptibility genes for DR. However, only a fraction of them have been replicated in different studies and show consistent genetic associations with the occurrence of DR. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether common variants of KCNJ11 confer DR in a cohort of the Chinese Han population.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case-control study of 580 T2DM patients, including 105 T2DM with DR and 475 T2DM without DR was performed. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of KCNJ11 (rs5219) was genotyped, and its association with DR was explored using a dominant genetic model. Genotyping was performed by iPLEX technology. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression (MLR) analysis controlling for confounders was conducted to evaluate the association between rs5219 and DR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The A allele frequency of rs5219 was significantly higher in DR patients than that in the patients without DR (49.01% versus 38.68%, P <0.05). We found the minor A allele could increase the risk to develop DR (ORint = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.139 to 2.192 for allele and P = 0.006, ORint =1.607, 95% CI: 1.267 to 2.038 for genotype and P <0.001) in the Chinese Han population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings provided evidence that KCNJ11 was associated with DR in Chinese Han patients with T2DM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, NO. 12 Wulumuqi Mid Road, Building 0#, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200040, China. liuchench@126.com.
authors.forename: Nai-Jia
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, NO. 12 Wulumuqi Mid Road, Building 0#, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200040, China. wuhui076@163.com.
authors.forename: Hui-Hui
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, NO. 12 Wulumuqi Mid Road, Building 0#, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200040, China. yeammbf@163.com.
authors.forename: Yan-Liang
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, NO. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200020, China. yangzhen1020@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hua Dong Hospital, Fudan University, NO. 221 Yan'an West Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200040, China. taoxm@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Xiao-Ming
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hua Dong Hospital, Fudan University, NO. 221 Yan'an West Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200040, China. duyanp@126.com.
authors.forename: Yan-Ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, NO. 12 Wulumuqi Mid Road, Building 0#, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200040, China. wangxch@fudan.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xuan-Chun
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, NO. 12 Wulumuqi Mid Road, Building 0#, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200040, China. binlu@fudan.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, NO. 12 Wulumuqi Mid Road, Building 0#, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200040, China. zhangzhy@fudan.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhao-Yun
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, NO. 12 Wulumuqi Mid Road, Building 0#, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200040, China. renminghu@fudan.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Ren-Ming
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, NO. 12 Wulumuqi Mid Road, Building 0#, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200040, China. wenjie065@126.com.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D024661:Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying / Q000235:genetics*; D000099161:Kcnj11 Channel
chemical_list: D024661:Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying; D000099161:Kcnj11 Channel