title: Rifampin use and safety in hospitalized infants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aims to examine the use and safety of rifampin in the hospitalized infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational study of clinical and laboratory adverse events among infants exposed to rifampin from 348 neonatal intensive care units managed by the Pediatrix Medical Group between 1997 and 2012.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 2,500 infants received 4,279 courses of rifampin; mean gestational age was 27 weeks (5th, 95th percentile; 23, 36) and mean birth weight was 1,125 g (515; 2,830). Thrombocytopenia (121/1,000 infant days) and conjugated hyperbilirubinemia (25/1,000 infant days) were the most common laboratory adverse events. The most common clinical adverse events were medical necrotizing enterocolitis (64/2,500 infants, 3%) and seizure (60/2,500 infants, 2%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The overall incidence of adverse events among infants receiving rifampin appears low; however, additional studies to further evaluate safety and dosing of rifampin in this population are needed.
authors.affiliation: Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.affiliation: Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ericson
authors.affiliation: Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Jordan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kohman
authors.affiliation: Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Kaitlyn L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Corey
authors.affiliation: Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Morgan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Onabanjo
authors.affiliation: Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Christoph P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Hornik
authors.affiliation: Pediatrix Medical Group, Sunrise, Florida.
authors.forename: Reese H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.affiliation: Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Daniel K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Benjamin
authors.affiliation: Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina.
authors.forename: P Brian
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Vivian H
authors.initials: VH
authors.lastname: Chu
mesh_terms: D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001724:Birth Weight; D020345:Enterocolitis, Necrotizing / Q000139:chemically induced*; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D006932:Hyperbilirubinemia / Q000139:chemically induced*; D007223:Infant; D062071:Infant, Extremely Premature; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; D007363:Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; D008297:Male; D012293:Rifampin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced*; D013921:Thrombocytopenia / Q000139:chemically induced*
chemical_list: D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular; D012293:Rifampin