title: Endometrial stromal tumours revisited: an update based on the 2014 WHO classification.
abstract: Endometrial stromal tumours (EST) are rare tumours of endometrial stromal origin that account for less than 2% of all uterine tumours. Recent cytogenetic and molecular advances in this area have improved our understanding of ESTs and helped refine their classification into more meaningful categories. Accordingly, the newly released 2014 WHO classification system recognises four categories: endometrial stromal nodule (ESN), low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (LGESS), high-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (HGESS) and undifferentiated uterine sarcoma (UUS). At the molecular level, these tumours may demonstrate a relatively simple karyotype with a defining chromosomal rearrangement (as in the majority of ESNs, LGESSs and YWHAE-rearranged HGESS) or demonstrate complex cytogenetic aberrations lacking specific rearrangements (as in UUSs). Herein we provide an update on this topic aimed at the practicing pathologist.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, Kuwait University, Kuwait, Kuwait.
authors.forename: Rola H
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5747-8900
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomical Pathology, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Marjan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rouzbahman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D001706:Biopsy; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D036821:Endometrial Stromal Tumors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D059785:Karyotype; D007621:Karyotyping; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D018203:Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D009626:Terminology as Topic; D014944:World Health Organization
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor
keywords: GYNAECOLOGICAL PATHOLOGY; HISTOPATHOLOGY; UTERUS