title: Can linoleic acid improve the quality of frozen thawed bull sperm?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cryopreservation is known to have a detrimental effect on the motility, viability and membrane integrity of sperm cells.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of various amount of linoleic acid supplementation to the Tris extender, on bull sperm parameters, DNA integrity and oxidative stress after freeze-thawing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ejaculates were split into five aliquots and extended to a final concentration of 18x10(6) spermatozoa per ml with the base extender containing different doses of linoleic acid 0.125 ml, (L125); 0.250 ml (L250); 0.5 ml (L500), 1 ml (L1000) and no additive (control; L0). The extended samples were equilibrated slowly to 4 degree C for 4 h and then froze using a digital freezing machine. Frozen straws were thawed individually in water bath at 37 degree C for 30 s to analyse progressive motility and sperm motion characteristics as well as membrane integrity. Biochemical assays were performed in a spectrophotometer using commercial kits. DNA damage was evaluated by Comet Assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The addition of various linoleic acid did not improve the sperm subjective, CASA and progressive motilities, sperm motility characteristics and DNA integrity (P>0.05). L500 exhibited the greatest values for membrane integrity than that of the other groups (P<0.001). All supplementation groups led to lower percentages of tail abnormalities in comparison to the control (P<0.001). L500 and L1000 significantly decreased total abnormalities. In conclusion, our findings showed that L500 linoleic acid supplementation in semen extender was of great beneficial effect on frozen-thawed bull semen in terms of morphology and plasma membrane integrity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey.
authors.forename: Serhat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Büyükleblebici
authors.affiliation: Aksaray Technical Sciences Vocational School, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey. tasdemiru@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Umut
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Taşdemir
authors.affiliation: Aksaray Technical Sciences Vocational School, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey.
authors.forename: Pürhan Barbaros
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Tuncer
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Emre
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Durmaz
authors.affiliation: Chemistry and Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Taner
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Özgürtaş
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Büyükleblebici
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Erdem
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Coşkun
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Veterinary, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: İsmail Safa
authors.initials: İS
authors.lastname: Gürcan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D004249:DNA Damage; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D055101:Semen Analysis; D012662:Semen Preservation / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D013081:Sperm Motility; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; D019787:Linoleic Acid