title: Hematopoietic stem cell enhancer: a powerful tool in stem cell biology.
abstract: There has been considerable interest in identifying a cis-regulatory element that targets gene expression to stem cells. Such an element, termed stem cell enhancer, holds the promise of providing important insights into the transcriptional programs responsible for inherent stem cell-specific properties such as self-renewal capacity. The element also serves as a molecular handle for stem cell-specific marking, transgenesis and gene targeting, thereby becoming invaluable to stem cell research. A series of candidate enhancers have been identified for hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). This review summarizes currently known HSC enhancers with emphasis on an intronic enhancer in the Runx1 gene which is essential for the generation and maintenance of HSCs. The element, named eR1 (+24m), is active specifically in HSCs, but not in progenitors, and is hence the most definitive HSC enhancer.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Cai Ping
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Koh
authors.affiliation: Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Cherry Ee Lin
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.affiliation: Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, and Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore.
authors.forename: Giselle Sek Suan
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Nah
authors.affiliation: Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, and Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore.
authors.forename: Chelsia Qiuxia
authors.initials: CQ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore.
authors.forename: Vinay
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tergaonkar
authors.affiliation: Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Takayoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsumura
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomomasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yokomizo
authors.affiliation: Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore and Department of Cell Differentiation, The Sakaguchi Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, and International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suda
authors.affiliation: Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, A*STAR, Department of Paediatrics, National University of Singapore, Singapore and International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan. csimo@nus.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Motomi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Osato
mesh_terms: D050676:Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D050436:Regulatory Elements, Transcriptional
chemical_list: D050676:Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit