title: Sensitivity and specificity of radiographic methods for predicting insertion torque of dental implants.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Subjective radiographic classifications of alveolar bone have been proposed and correlated with implant insertion torque (IT). The present diagnostic study aims to identify quantitative bone features influencing IT and to use these findings to develop an objective radiographic classification for predicting IT.
  
  
  METHODS
  Demographics, panoramic radiographs (taken at the beginning of dental treatment), and cone-beam computed tomographic scans (taken for implant surgical planning) of 25 patients receiving 31 implants were analyzed. Bone samples retrieved from implant sites were assessed with dual x-ray absorptiometry, microcomputed tomography, and histology. Odds ratio, sensitivity, and specificity of all variables to predict high peak IT were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A ridge cortical thickness >0.75 mm and a normal appearance of the inferior mandibular cortex were the most sensitive variables for predicting high peak IT (87.5% and 75%, respectively). A classification based on the combination of both variables presented high sensitivity (90.9%) and specificity (100%) for predicting IT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within the limitations of this study, the results suggest that it is possible to predict IT accurately based on radiographic findings of the patient. This could be useful in the treatment plan of immediate loading cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Arthur Rodriguez Gonzalez
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Cortes
authors.forename: Hazem
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Eimar
authors.forename: Jorge de Sá
authors.initials: Jde S
authors.lastname: Barbosa
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: Emiko Saito
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Arita
authors.forename: Faleh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tamimi
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001706:Biopsy / Q000379:methods; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods*; D015921:Dental Implants; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007576:Jaw, Edentulous, Partially / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008437:Maxilla / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D019252:Radiography, Dental, Digital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D019415:Torque; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants
keywords: Bone density; cone-beam computed tomography; dental implants; radiography, panoramic