title: Deoxynivalenol induces cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in animal primary cell culture.
abstract: Deoxynivalenol (DON), a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium graminearum, is widely found as a contaminant of food. DON is responsible for a wide range of toxic activities, including gastro-intestinal, lymphoid, bone-marrow and cardiotoxicity. But, the complete explorations of toxicity in terms of hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity as well have not been documented well. Again, the mechanisms through which DON damages the DNA and promotes cellular toxicity are not well established. Considering the above fact, this research article is focused on the effects of DON-induced toxicities on experimental animal model as well as its effects on cellular level via various toxicological investigations. DON treatment showed cytotoxicity and DNA damage. Further, flow cytometric analysis of hepatocytes showed cellular apoptosis, suggesting that DON-induced hepatotoxicity is, may be partly, mediated by apoptosis. Moreover, significant differences were found in each haematology and clinical chemistry value, either (p > 0.05). No abnormality of any organ was found during histopathological examination. Hence, it can be concluded that DON induces oxidative DNA damage and increases the formation of centromere positive micronuclei due to aneugenic activity.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory , Tezpur, Assam , India and.
authors.forename: Shweta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Subham
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Banerjee
authors.forename: Pronobesh
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chattopadhyay
authors.forename: Sashin Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Borthakur
authors.forename: Vijay
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Veer
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D001855:Bone Marrow Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000209:etiology; D020552:Comet Assay; D004249:DNA Damage; D005260:Female; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D048629:Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective / Q000139:chemically induced*; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D015651:Mycotoxicosis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute; D014255:Trichothecenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D014255:Trichothecenes; C007262:deoxynivalenol
keywords: Acute oral toxicity; cytotoxicity; deoxynivalenol; genotoxicity; mycotoxin