title: Efficacy of a tobacco quitline among adult cancer survivors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the study (conducted 2010-2013) was to determine the efficacy of two common types of tobacco quitlines in adult cancer survivors who regularly smoked cigarettes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult onset cancer survivors in Memphis, Tennessee (n=427, 67% female, 60% Caucasian) were randomized either to a Proactive (i.e., counselor-initiated calls) or Reactive (i.e., participant-initiated calls) quitline. Both conditions also received nicotine replacement therapy. The primary outcome was biochemically-verified (i.e., salivary cotinine) smoking cessation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  While 12-month self-reported abstinence was consistent with other published studies of smoking cessation (22% and 26% point prevalence abstinence for Proactive and Reactive conditions, respectively), 48% of participants who were tested for cotinine failed biochemical verification, indicating a considerable falsification of self-reported cessation. Adjusted cessation rates were less than 5% in both intervention conditions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results are consistent with other studies indicating that traditional smoking cessation interventions are ineffective among cancer survivors. Moreover, self-reports of cessation were unreliable in cancer survivors participating in a quitline intervention, indicating that future studies should include biochemical verification. Given the importance of smoking cessation among cancer survivors and low cessation rates in the current study, it may be necessary to design alternative interventions for this population. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00827866.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA; The Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA. Electronic address: rklesges@uthsc.edu.
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Klesges
authors.affiliation: The Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Rebecca A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Krukowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
authors.forename: James L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Klosky
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Deo Kumar
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Srivastava
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Boyett
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer Q
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Lanctot
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Melissa M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Hudson
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Charla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Folsom
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Harry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lando
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Leslie L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Robison
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D015277:Hotlines; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000523:psychology*; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017741:Survivors / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013714:Tennessee / Q000453:epidemiology; D061485:Tobacco Use Cessation Devices
keywords: Adults; Cancer; Intervention studies; Smoking cessation; Survivors