title: Proteomic differences with and without ozone-exposure in a smoking-induced emphysema lung model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Acute exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease may be related to air pollution, of which ozone is an important constituent. In this study, we investigated the protein profiles associated with ozone-induced exacerbations in a smoking-induced emphysema model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mice were divided into the following groups: group I, no smoking and no ozone (NS + NO); group II, no smoking and ozone (NS + O); group III, smoking and no ozone (S + NO); and group IV, smoking and ozone (S + O). Bronchoalveolar lavage, the mean linear intercept (MLI) on hematoxylin and eosin staining, nano-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and Western blotting analyses were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The MLIs of groups III (S + NO) and IV (S + O) (45 ± 2 and 44 ± 3 µm, respectively) were significantly higher than those of groups I (NS + NO) and II (NS + O) (26 ± 2 and 23 ± 2 µm, respectively; p < 0.05). Fourteen spots that showed significantly different intensities on image analyses of two-dimensional (2D) protein electrophoresis in group I (NS + NO) were identified by LC-MS/MS. The levels of six proteins were higher in group IV (S + O). The levels of vimentin, lactate dehydrogenase A, and triose phosphate isomerase were decreased by both smoking and ozone treatment in Western blotting and proteomic analyses. In contrast, TBC1 domain family 5 (TBC1D5) and lamin A were increased by both smoking and ozone treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TBC1D5 could be a biomarker of ozone-induced lung injury in emphysema.
authors.affiliation: Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Soo-Taek
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Uh
authors.affiliation: Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: So-My
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Koo
authors.affiliation: Genome Research Center for Allergy and Respiratory Disease, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea.
authors.forename: An Soo
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Genome Research Center for Allergy and Respiratory Disease, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Woo
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Sung
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong-Hoon
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Genome Research Center for Allergy and Respiratory Disease, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Choon Sik
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010126:Ozone; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D011656:Pulmonary Emphysema / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D011506:Proteins; D010126:Ozone
keywords: Chromatography, liquid; Mass spectrometry; Ozone; Proteomics; Pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive