title: Heterogeneity of tremor mechanisms assessed by tremor-related cortical potential in mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Identifying a neural circuit mechanism that is differentially involved in tremor would aid in the diagnosis and cure of such cases. Here, we demonstrate that tremor-related cortical potential (TRCP) is differentially expressed in two different mouse models of tremor.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hybrid tremor analysis of harmaline-induced and genetic tremor in mice revealed that two authentic tremor frequencies for each type of tremor were conserved and showed an opposite dependence on CaV3.1 T-type Ca(2+) channels. Electroencephalogram recordings revealed that α1(-/-);α1G(-/-) mice double-null for the GABA receptor α1 subunit (Gabra1) and CaV3.1 T-type Ca(2+) channels (Cacna1g), in which the tremor caused by the absence of Gabra1 is potentiated by the absence of Cacna1g, showed a coherent TRCP that exhibited an onset that preceded the initiation of behavioral tremor by 3 ms. However, harmaline-induced tremor, which is known to be abolished by α1G(-/-), showed no TRCP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results demonstrate that the α1(-/-);α1G(-/-) double-knockout tremor model is useful for studying cortical mechanisms of tremor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 335 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea. discovery1024@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Young-Gyun
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Center for Neural Science, Division of Life Science, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 136-79, Republic of Korea. jeechoi@kist.re.kr.
authors.forename: Jee Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Center for Neural Science, Division of Life Science, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 136-79, Republic of Korea. dr.chungki.lee@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Chungki
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, KAIST, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea. ikary84@kaist.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Sehyun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea. youngsoo.brain@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Youngsoo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 335 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea. kystyle@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ki-Young
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Hypoxia/Ischemia Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea. paeksh@snu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Sun Ha
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Paek
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 335 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea. daesoo@kaist.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Daesoo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006246:Harmaline; D051379:Mice; D014202:Tremor / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D006246:Harmaline