title: Treatment of a suspension of PCB contaminated soil using iron nanoparticles and electric current.
abstract: Contaminated soils and sediments with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) are an important environmental problem due to the persistence of these synthetic aromatic compounds and to the lack of a cost-effective and sustainable remediation technology. Recently, a new experimental setup has been proposed using electrodialytic remediation and iron nanoparticles. The current work compares the performance of this new setup (A) with conventional electrokinetics (setup B). An historically contaminated soil with an initial PCB concentration of 258 μg kg(-1) was treated during 5, 10, 20 and 45 d using different amounts of iron nanoparticles in both setups A and B. A PCB removal of 83% was obtained in setup A compared with 58% of setup B. Setup A also showed additional advantages, such as a higher PCB dechlorination, in a shorter time, with lower nZVI consumption, and with the use of half of the voltage gradient when compared with the traditional setup (B). Energy and nZVI costs for a full-scale reactor are estimated at 72 € for each cubic meter of PCB contaminated soil treated on-site, making this technology competitive when compared with average off-site incineration (885 € m(-3)) or landfilling (231 € m(-3)) cost in Europe and in the USA (327 USD m(-3)).
authors.affiliation: CENSE, Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; CERNAS - Research Center for Natural Resources, Environment and Society, Escola Superior Agraria de Coimbra, Instituto Politecnico de Coimbra, Bencanta, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal. Electronic address: hrg@campus.fct.unl.pt.
authors.forename: Helena I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Brovej, Building 117, DK 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
authors.forename: Lisbeth M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Ottosen
authors.affiliation: CENSE, Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
authors.forename: Alexandra B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.affiliation: CERNAS - Research Center for Natural Resources, Environment and Society, Escola Superior Agraria de Coimbra, Instituto Politecnico de Coimbra, Bencanta, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal.
authors.forename: Celia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dias-Ferreira
mesh_terms: D055664:Electrochemical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000032:analysis; D007501:Iron; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000737:chemistry*; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls; D007501:Iron
keywords: Electrodialytic remediation (EDR); Electrokinetics (EK); PCB; Polychlorinated biphenyls; nZVI