title: Transdermal delivery of forskolin from emulsions differing in droplet size.
abstract: The skin permeation of forskolin, a diterpene isolated from Coleus forsholii, was studied using oil in water (O/W) emulsions as delivery formulations and also an oil solution for comparative purposes. Two forskolin-loaded emulsions of water/Brij 72:Symperonic A7/Miglyol 812:Isohexadecane, at 0.075 wt% forskolin concentration were prepared with the same composition and only differing in droplet size (0.38 μm and 10 μm). The emulsions showed high kinetic stability at 25 °C. In vitro study of forskolin penetration through human skin was carried out using the MicroettePlus(®) system. The concentration of the active in the receptor solution (i.e. ethanol/phosphate buffer 40/60, v/v) was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. The obtained results showed that forskolin permeation from the emulsions and the oil solution, through human skin, was very high (up to 72.10%), and no effect of droplet size was observed.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland. Electronic address: esikora@pk.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Elżbieta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sikora
authors.affiliation: Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQAC-CSIC) and CIBER en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Meritxell
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Llinas
authors.affiliation: IN(2)UB Members, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Av Joan XXIII, s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria Jose
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Garcia-Celma
authors.affiliation: IN(2)UB Members, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Av Joan XXIII, s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Elvira
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Escribano
authors.affiliation: Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQAC-CSIC) and CIBER en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Conxita
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Solans
mesh_terms: D005576:Colforsin / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004655:Emulsions / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006801:Humans; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D009821:Oils / Q000737:chemistry; D010316:Particle Size; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism*; D012869:Skin Absorption; D013499:Surface Properties; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004655:Emulsions; D009821:Oils; D014867:Water; D005576:Colforsin
keywords: Emulsions; Forskolin; In vitro skin permeation; Transdermal delivery