title: Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma in a coastal region of Haiti: multiplex bead assay detection of immunoglobulin G antibodies that recognize the SAG2A antigen.
abstract: Toxoplasma gondii is a globally distributed parasitic protozoan that infects most warm-blooded animals. We incorporated a bead coupled with recombinant SAG2A protein into our Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD) multiplex bead assay (MBA) panel and used it to determine Toxoplasma infection rates in two studies in Haiti. In a longitudinal cohort study of children aged 0-11 years, the infection rate varied with age reaching a maximum of 0·131 infections/year in children aged 3 years [95% confidence interval (CI) 0·065-0·204]. The median time to seroconversion was estimated to be 9·7 years (95% CI 7·6-∞). In a cross-sectional, community-wide survey of residents of all ages, we determined an overall seroprevalence of 28·2%. The seroprevalence age curve from the cross-sectional study also suggested that the force of infection varied with age and peaked at 0·057 infections/year (95% CI 0·033-0·080) at age 2·6 years. Integration of the Toxoplasma MBA into NTD surveys may allow for better estimates of the potential burden of congenital toxoplasmosis in underserved regions.
authors.affiliation: Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,Atlanta, GA,USA.
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Priest
authors.affiliation: Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,Atlanta, GA,USA.
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Moss
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health,University of California,Berkeley, CA,USA.
authors.forename: B F
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.affiliation: Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,Atlanta, GA,USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hamlin
authors.affiliation: Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,Atlanta, GA,USA.
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,Atlanta, GA,USA.
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Lammie
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000097:blood*; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006205:Haiti / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000379:methods; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008863:Microspheres; D015800:Protozoan Proteins; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D014122:Toxoplasma / Q000276:immunology*; D014123:Toxoplasmosis / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D015800:Protozoan Proteins; C067547:surface antigen P22, Toxoplasma
keywords: Antibody; Haiti; Luminex; Toxoplasma; immunodominant; infection