title: TNF-α -308 G/A as a risk marker of cervical cancer progression in the Polish population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There are inconclusive data on the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) -308 G/A (rs1800629) polymorphism as a risk factor for cervical carcinogenesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using high-resolution melting curve analysis, we investigated the prevalence of the TNF-α -308 G/A transition (rs1800629) in patients with cervical cancer (n = 362) and control subjects (n = 399).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The p trend value calculated for the TNF-α -308 G/A transition was statistically significant (p trend = 0.026) for all patients. Logistic regression analysis with adjustment for age demonstrated that the A/A versus G/G genotype was significantly associated with cervical tumors. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) was 1.599 (95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.017-2.513; p = 0.042). Stratification of patients on the basis of the tumor stage revealed no contribution of the TNF-α -308 G/A transition to cervical cancer in stages I and II. However, we found a significant trend for the p value, as well as the contribution of TNF-α -308 G/A to cervical cancer, in stages III and IV. The p trend value was 0.003 in this group of patients. Moreover, logistic regression analysis with adjustment for age demonstrated that the adjusted OR for A/A versus G/G was 2.014 (95 % CI 1.122-3.613; p = 0.019) and the adjusted OR for A/A or A/G versus G/G was 1.583 (95 % CI 1.025-2.444; p = 0.038) for cervical cancer in stages III and IV.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate that the TNF-α -308 G/A transition is a risk factor for cervical cancer, particularly in stages III and IV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiotherapy and Gynecological Oncology, Greater Poland Cancer Center, Poznan, Poland.
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roszak
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Misztal
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sowińska
authors.forename: Paweł P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Jagodziński
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011044:Poland; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics*; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha