title: Beliefs of teachers versus non-teachers about people who stutter.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although prior research has investigated teachers' beliefs about people who stutter (PWS), this work has not indicated how these beliefs compare with those of the general public or taken into account key demographic variables that may be related to these beliefs. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate whether beliefs about PWS in teachers are different from those in the general public. The second purpose of this study was to examine whether gender is related to beliefs about PWS for teachers, who are more frequently women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Analyses were based on questionnaire responses regarding beliefs about PWS from 269 teachers and 1388 non-teachers in the United States. Due to their potential link to beliefs about PWS, familiarity with PWS and sociodemographic variables were included in the statistical model for this study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Teachers' beliefs about PWS are no different than those of people in non-teaching professions. Findings also indicated that, regardless of whether respondents were teachers, women had more accurate beliefs about PWS than men. The statistical model tested indicated that beliefs about PWS were more accurate when the respondents were older, had more education, and had familiarity with a PWS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the first study to compare teachers' beliefs about PWS to the general public, findings indicated that teachers are no more accurate than the public in their beliefs about PWS. Associations found between these beliefs and several variables may indicate some promising mechanisms for improving beliefs, such as increased familiarity with individuals who stutter.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Readers should be able to: (a) describe stuttering's potential effects on children's participation in the school setting; (b) identify actions teachers can take to improve the school experience of their students who stutter; (c) summarize findings regarding teachers' beliefs about people who stutter (PWS); (d) identify key variables that are associated with beliefs about PWS.
authors.affiliation: Speech Pathology and Audiology, Kent State University, United States. Electronic address: harnold5@kent.edu.
authors.forename: Hayley S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.affiliation: Evaluation and Measurement, Kent State University, United States.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Speech Pathology and Audiology, Kent State University, United States.
authors.forename: Kathryn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Goltl
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001290:Attitude; D004522:Educational Status; D005178:Faculty; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011639:Public Opinion; D021641:Recognition, Psychology; D012737:Sex Factors; D013342:Stuttering / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: Attitudes; Beliefs; Perceptions; Stuttering; Teachers