title: Simultaneous determination of tebuconazole, trifloxystrobin, and its metabolite trifloxystrobin acid residues in gherkin under field conditions.
abstract: A rapid, simple, and selective analytical method for the simultaneous determination of tebuconazole, trifloxystrobin, and its metabolite trifloxystrobin acid residues in gherkin and soil was developed and validated by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The samples were extracted with acetonitrile and cleaned up by dispersive solid-phase extraction with primary secondary amine sorbent. The limit of quantification of the method was 0.05 mg/kg for all three compounds. The method was validated using blank samples spiked at three levels and recoveries ranged from 83.5 to 103.8% with a relative standard deviation of 1.2 to 4.8%. The developed method was validated and applied for the analysis of a degradation study sample. The residues of trifloxystrobin and tebuconazole were found to dissipate following first-order kinetics with half-life ranging between 3.31-3.38 and 3.0-3.04 days, respectively, for two different dosages. Pesticide residues were below the European Union maximum residue level after seven days for trifloxystrobin (0.2 mg/kg) and ten days for tebuconazole (0.05 mg/kg), which suggested the use of this fungicide mixture to be safe to humans. These results can be utilized in formulating the spray schedule and safety evaluation on trifloxystrobin and tebuconazole in gherkin crop.
authors.affiliation: Pesticide Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu.
authors.forename: Mariappan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Paramasivam
authors.forename: Chellamuthu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Selvi
authors.forename: Manthirachalam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Deepa
authors.forename: Samiyannan A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Jayaprakash
authors.forename: Subramanian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chandrasekaran
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D005591:Chemical Fractionation; D018553:Cucumis sativus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D007097:Imines / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D000073739:Strobilurins; D014230:Triazoles / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D014675:Vegetables / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D007097:Imines; D008689:Methacrylates; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D000073739:Strobilurins; D014230:Triazoles; C087114:tebuconazole; C467051:trifloxystrobin
keywords: Gas chromatography with mass spectrometry; Gherkin; Tebuconazole; Trifloxystrobin