title: Revealing neuronal function through microelectrode array recordings.
abstract: Microelectrode arrays and microprobes have been widely utilized to measure neuronal activity, both in vitro and in vivo. The key advantage is the capability to record and stimulate neurons at multiple sites simultaneously. However, unlike the single-cell or single-channel resolution of intracellular recording, microelectrodes detect signals from all possible sources around every sensor. Here, we review the current understanding of microelectrode signals and the techniques for analyzing them. We introduce the ongoing advancements in microelectrode technology, with focus on achieving higher resolution and quality of recordings by means of monolithic integration with on-chip circuitry. We show how recent advanced microelectrode array measurement methods facilitate the understanding of single neurons as well as network function.
authors.affiliation: RIKEN Quantitative Biology Center, RIKEN Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: Marie Engelene J
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Obien
authors.affiliation: RIKEN Quantitative Biology Center, RIKEN Kobe, Japan ; Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Kosmas
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Deligkaris
authors.affiliation: RIKEN Quantitative Biology Center, RIKEN Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: Torsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bullmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Douglas J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Bakkum
authors.affiliation: RIKEN Quantitative Biology Center, RIKEN Kobe, Japan ; Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University Osaka, Japan ; Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Urs
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Frey
keywords: CMOS; extracellular recording; microelectrode array; multi-scale modeling; multielectrode array; neuron-electrode interface; neuronal function; stimulation