title: Muscovy duck retinoic acid-induced gene I (MdRIG-I) functions in innate immunity against H9N2 avian influenza viruses (AIV) infections.
abstract: Retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I) is a cytosolic pattern recognition receptor that senses pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) is a large duck different from other species of ducks, and is more susceptible to some microbial pathogens. In this study, the Muscovy duck RIG-I gene (MdRIG-I) was identified. Quantitative RT-PCR showed that MdRIG-I mRNA was widely expressed in different tissues, especially in those with mucosa. RIG-I null DF-1 cells transfected with DNA constructs encoding MdRIG-I or CARDs domain can activate IRF-3 and NF-κB to up-regulated activity of IFN-β promoter. The components of the signaling pathway downstream of RIG-I in mammalian cells including IRF-3, NF-κB, IFN-β and the IFN-stimulated genes Mx-1, PKR and MDA5 were significantly up-regulated in CARDs-overexpressing-DF-1 cells. Implicating RIG-I in the antiviral response to an infection in vivo, we found that RIG-I expression in brain, spleen, lung and bursa were up-regulated in ducks challenged with H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV), whose six internal genes were closely related to the H7N9 and H10N8 AIV. In vitro, DF-1 cells transfected with MdRIG-I plasmid can respond significantly to H9N2 AIV, evident through enhancement of IFN-β promoter activity and decreased virus titer. Altogether, these results indicated that MdRIG-I is a novel member of RLR gene family, engaging in the early stage of antiviral innate immunity.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Veterinary Biotechnology of Shanghai, School of Agricuture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
authors.forename: Yuqiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Veterinary Biotechnology of Shanghai, School of Agricuture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
authors.forename: Qingqing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Veterinary Biotechnology of Shanghai, School of Agricuture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
authors.forename: Wenhui
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Veterinary Biotechnology of Shanghai, School of Agricuture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Veterinary Biotechnology of Shanghai, School of Agricuture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Veterinary Biotechnology of Shanghai, School of Agricuture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
authors.forename: Huiting
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: An
authors.affiliation: Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College, Weifang 261061, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Veterinary Biotechnology of Shanghai, School of Agricuture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
authors.forename: Hengan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Veterinary Biotechnology of Shanghai, School of Agricuture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
authors.forename: Yaxian
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
authors.forename: Chan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Veterinary Biotechnology of Shanghai, School of Agricuture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China. Electronic address: sunjhe@sjtu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jianhe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004372:Ducks; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000502:physiology*; D053127:Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype / Q000502:physiology*; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases
keywords: DF-1; H9N2; IFN-β; Innate immune response; Muscovy duck; RIG-I