title: [Five-year therapeutic experience of sorafenib for patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the tolerability and safety of sorafenib for patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Among 63 cases of advanced renal cell carcinoma, there were 45 males and 18 females with a median age of 57 years. And 48 patients had recurrence or metastasis after nephrectomy. And cytokine therapy was offered for 36 of them before recurrence or metastasis. Postoperative recurrence or metastasis occurred <1 year (n = 11) and ≥ 1 year (n = 37). And 15 cases of primary non-resectable renal lesions received biopsy. The pathological types were clear cell carcinoma (n = 49) and papillary carcinoma (n = 14). The pre-dosing Karnofsky performance scores were all ≥ 70 points. Sorafenib was used as a first-line single drug at 400 mg twice daily until disease progression or an onset of intolerable adverse reactions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Follow-ups ended in February 2013. The median follow-up period was 20 (6-42) months. Twenty-four patients died. The outcomes were complete remission (n = 2), partial remission (n = 8), stable disease (n = 30) and disease progression (n = 23). The overall objective response rate was 15.9% (10/63) and disease control rate 63.5% (40/63) . Hand-foot skin reaction (70.0%), alopecia (62.5%), rash (52.5%), diarrhea (37.5%), loss of appetite (32.5%) and fatigue (27.5%) were noted. Most adverse reactions occurred at 2-4 weeks and subsided after symptomatic measures. And medication was not disrupted.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sorafenib has a high disease control rate for advanced renal cell carcinoma. And its adverse reactions are generally mild and similar to those reported in the literature. It has excellent profiles of tolerability and safety.
authors.affiliation: Jilin Provincial Tumor Hospital, Changchun 130012, China.
authors.forename: Changdong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Jilin Provincial Tumor Hospital, Changchun 130012, China. Email: zcdjt2199@163.com.
authors.forename: Qifu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Jilin Provincial Tumor Hospital, Changchun 130012, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Jilin Provincial Tumor Hospital, Changchun 130012, China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Jilin Provincial Tumor Hospital, Changchun 130012, China.
authors.forename: Yuxin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Jilin Provincial Tumor Hospital, Changchun 130012, China.
authors.forename: Yingdi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Jilin Provincial Tumor Hospital, Changchun 130012, China.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Jilin Provincial Tumor Hospital, Changchun 130012, China.
authors.forename: Xinping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell; D003967:Diarrhea; D005221:Fatigue; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009392:Nephrectomy; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D000077157:Sorafenib
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D009536:Niacinamide; D000077157:Sorafenib