title: Clothing resultant thermal insulation determined on a movable thermal manikin. Part I: effects of wind and body movement on total insulation.
abstract: In this serial study, 486 thermal manikin tests were carried out to examine the effects of air velocity and walking speed on both total and local clothing thermal insulations. Seventeen clothing ensembles with different layers (i.e., one, two, or three layers) were selected for the study. Three different wind speeds (0.15, 1.55, 4.0 m/s) and three levels of walking speed (0, 0.75, 1.2 m/s) were chosen. Thus, there are totally nine different testing conditions. The clothing total insulation and local clothing insulation at different body parts under those nine conditions were determined. In part I, empirical equations for estimating total resultant clothing insulation as a function of the static thermal insulation, relative air velocity, and walking speed were developed. In part II, the local thermal insulation of various garments was analyzed and correction equations on local resultant insulation for each body part were developed. This study provides critical database for potential applications in thermal comfort study, modeling of human thermal strain, and functional clothing design and engineering.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Clothing Physiology and Ergonomics, National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
authors.forename: Yehu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Clothing Physiology and Ergonomics, National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China. faming.wong@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Faming
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
authors.forename: Xianfu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: Department of Apparel, Events, and Hospitality Management, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
authors.forename: Guowen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Clothing Physiology and Ergonomics, National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Clothing Physiology and Ergonomics, National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
authors.forename: Chengjiao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D001833:Body Temperature Regulation; D003020:Clothing; D008348:Manikins; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology*; D014919:Wind
keywords: Air permeability; Local thermal insulation; Pumping effect; Resultant thermal insulation; Thermal manikin