title: From trans to cis: transcriptional regulatory networks in neocortical development.
abstract: Transcriptional mechanisms mediated by the binding of transcription factors (TFs) to cis-acting regulatory elements (CREs) in DNA play crucial roles in directing gene expression. While TFs have been extensively studied, less effort has gone towards the identification and functional characterization of CREs and associated epigenetic modulation. However, owing to methodological and analytical advances, more comprehensive studies of regulatory elements and mechanisms are now possible. We summarize recent progress in integrative analyses of these regulatory components in the development of the cerebral neocortex, the part of the brain involved in cognition and complex behavior. These studies are uncovering not only the underlying transcriptional regulatory networks, but also how these networks are altered across species and in neurological and psychiatric disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology and Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
authors.forename: Mikihito
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology and Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
authors.forename: Forrest O
authors.initials: FO
authors.lastname: Gulden
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology and Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA. Electronic address: nenad.sestan@yale.edu.
authors.forename: Nenad
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sestan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000235:genetics; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D053263:Gene Regulatory Networks; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000235:genetics; D019579:Neocortex / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D009415:Nerve Net; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000235:genetics; D055495:Neurogenesis / Q000235:genetics; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D050436:Regulatory Elements, Transcriptional; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
keywords: chromatin; cis-regulatory element; disease; epigenetics; gene expression; neuron; transcription factor