title: Pyrosequencing revealed SAR116 clade as dominant dddP-containing bacteria in oligotrophic NW Pacific Ocean.
abstract: Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) is a climatically active gas released into the atmosphere from oceans. It is produced mainly by bacterial enzymatic cleavage of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), and six DMSP lyases have been identified to date. To determine the biogeographical distribution of bacteria relevant to DMS production, we investigated the diversity of dddP—the most abundant DMS-producing gene—in the northwestern Pacific Ocean using newly developed primers and the pyrosequencing method. Consistent with previous studies, the major dddP-containing bacteria in coastal areas were those belonging to the Roseobacter clade. However, genotypes closely related to the SAR116 group were found to represent a large portion of dddP-containing bacteria in the surface waters of the oligotrophic ocean. The addition of DMSP to a culture of the SAR116 strain Candidatus Puniceispirillum marinum IMCC1322 resulted in the production of DMS and upregulated expression of the dddP gene. Considering the large area of oligotrophic water and the wide distribution of the SAR116 group in oceans worldwide, we propose that these bacteria may play an important role in oceanic DMS production and biogeochemical sulfur cycles, especially via bacteria-mediated DMSP degradation.
authors.affiliation: Marine Biotechnology Research Division, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Ansan, Republic of Korea; Department of Marine Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Han
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea.
authors.forename: Ki-Tae
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Marine Ecosystem Research Division, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Ansan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: An
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea.
authors.forename: Kitack
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Biology and Ocean Sciences, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jang-Cheon
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Marine Biotechnology Research Division, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Ansan, Republic of Korea; Department of Marine Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jung-Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Ocean Circulation and Climate Research Division, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Ansan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dongseon
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Ocean Circulation and Climate Research Division, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Ansan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dongchull
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Marine Ecosystem Research Division, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Ansan, Republic of Korea; Department of Marine Biology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Noh
mesh_terms: D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing / Q000379:methods*; D008190:Lyases / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010140:Pacific Ocean; D010802:Phylogeny; D041904:Roseobacter / Q000145:classification* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D012623:Seawater / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000379:methods; D013440:Sulfides / Q000378:metabolism; D013452:Sulfonium Compounds / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D013440:Sulfides; D013452:Sulfonium Compounds; C068078:dimethylpropiothetin; D008190:Lyases; C004784:dimethyl sulfide