title: Clinical implications of prescribing nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in oral health care--a review.
abstract: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), including both the traditional nonselective NSAIDs and the selective cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitors, are widely used for their anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. They are routinely prescribed in dental practice for the management of pain and swelling. Their use in treating acute dental pain and chronic orofacial pain, as adjuncts to the treatment of periodontal disease, and to minimize edema following surgical procedures is well documented. However, long-term utilization of nonselective NSAIDs could increase the risk of gastrointestinal symptoms, ranging from mild (e.g., dyspepsia, nausea, or vomiting) to serious gastric problems (e.g., gastric bleeding or perforation). Therefore, selective COX-2 inhibitors have been developed with fewer GI side effects but the recently identified cardiovascular adverse reactions limit their routine use in dental practice. Another major concern for oral physicians is NSAID-induced mucosal lesions and prolongation of bleeding time during invasive dental procedures. This article reviews therapeutic and analgesic uses of NSAIDs in dentistry. The various issues surrounding NSAID-induced adverse reactions and their implications in dentistry are also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, D.J. College of Dental Sciences & Research, Modinagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. Electronic address: ravleennagi@yahoo.in.
authors.forename: Ravleen
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nagi
authors.affiliation: Senior Professor, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, MS Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, MSRIT Post, Mathikere, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Yashoda Devi
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, MS Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, MSRIT Post, Mathikere, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rakesh
authors.affiliation: Professor and Head, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, MS Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, MSRIT Post, Mathikere, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Sujatha S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.affiliation: Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Swami Devi Dyal Dental College and Hospital, Panchkula, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: Deepa Jatti
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Patil
mesh_terms: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000209:etiology; D003729:Dental Care; D005260:Female; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D011247:Pregnancy; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal