title: Determination of fungicide carbendazim in water and soil samples using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and microvolume UV-vis spectrophotometry.
abstract: This article presents a new and sensitive method for the determination of trace amounts of fungicide carbendazim by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) combined with UV-vis spectrophotometry. The method is based on the reduction of Fe(III) to Fe(II) by carbendazim, its reaction with potassium ferricynide to form a blue product and extraction into CCL4 by DLLME technique using methyltrioctylammonium chloride (Aliquat 336) as a disperser agent. Under the established optimum conditions, the calibration graph was linear in the range of 5-600 ng mL(-1) of carbendazim with a limit of detection of 2.1 ng mL(-1). The relative standard deviations for eight replicate determinations of 50 and 300 ng mL(-1) of carbendazim were 3.9% and 1.0%, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied to determination of carbendazim in soil and water samples.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shahid Chamran University Ahvaz 6135743135, Iran. Electronic address: npourreza@scu.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Nahid
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pourreza
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shahid Chamran University Ahvaz 6135743135, Iran.
authors.forename: Saadat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rastegarzadeh
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shahid Chamran University Ahvaz 6135743135, Iran.
authors.forename: Arash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Larki
mesh_terms: D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D002219:Carbamates / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D005292:Ferricyanides / Q000737:chemistry; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry; D059627:Liquid Phase Microextraction; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D001562:Benzimidazoles; D002219:Carbamates; D005292:Ferricyanides; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C037759:trioctylmethylammonium; D007501:Iron; C006698:carbendazim; C028033:potassium ferricyanide
keywords: Aliquat 336; Carbendazim; Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction; Fungicide; UV–vis spectrophotometry