title: Electric shock in pregnancy: a review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The effect of gestational age and other factors that could influence the outcome of an electric shock in pregnancy have not been defined yet. Objective of this study is to provide reliable data on medical issues linked to electric shock in pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Authors consulted the most important scientific databases investigating reactions to electric shock in pregnancy, analyzing mechanism of electric shock, gestational age at the time of injury, the post-shock complications, interval from injury to delivery and fetal and maternal outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The spectrum of electrical injuries in pregnancy ranges from transient unpleasant sensation with no effect on the fetus to sudden maternal and fetal death. The clinical presentation of the fetal injury may manifest immediately or even postnataly. Reported outcomes include spontaneous abortion, placental abruption, cardiac arrhythmias, fetal burn and intrauterine fetal death. If the pregnancy is continued, decreased fetal movements and asphyxia, pathological fetal heart patterns, intrauterine fetal growth retardation, damage to the fetal central nervous system and oligoamnios can occur.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  More large prospective observational studies are necessary for a proper insight into the expected outcomes of the electric shock in pregnancy as well as for a final definition of monitoring procedures of such pregnancies.
authors.affiliation: a Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Center of Serbia , Belgrade , Serbia .
authors.forename: Radmila
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sparić
authors.affiliation: b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Santa Maria Hospital , Bari , Italy .|c Department of Applied Mathematics , International Translational Medicine and Biomodeling Research Group, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow State University , Russia .
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Malvasi
authors.affiliation: d Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics "Narodni Front" , Belgrade , Serbia , and.
authors.forename: Lazar
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nejković
authors.affiliation: c Department of Applied Mathematics , International Translational Medicine and Biomodeling Research Group, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow State University , Russia .|e Division of Experimental Endoscopic Surgery, Imaging, Technology and Minimally Invasive Therapy, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Vito Fazzi Hospital , Lecce , Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tinelli
mesh_terms: D004556:Electric Injuries / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000209:etiology*
keywords: Electrical injury; electrocution; fetal injury; maternal complications; maternal morbidity; perinatal outcome