title: Functional role of cellular senescence in biliary injury.
abstract: Cellular senescence is a state of irreversible cell cycle arrest that has been involved in many gastrointestinal diseases, including human cholestatic liver disorders. Senescence may play a role in biliary atresia, primary sclerosing cholangitis, cellular rejection, and primary biliary cirrhosis, four liver diseases affecting cholangiocytes and the biliary system. In this review, we examine proposed mechanisms of senescence-related biliary diseases, including hypotheses associated with the senescence-associated phenotype, induction of senescence in nearby cells, and the depletion of stem cell subpopulations. Current evidence for the molecular mechanisms of senescence in the previously mentioned diseases is discussed in detail, with attention to recent advances on the role of pathways associated with senescence-associated phenotype, stress-induced senescence, telomere dysfunction, and autophagy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Research, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas; Department of Medicine, Digestive Disease Research Center, Scott & White Healthcare, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas; Doctor of Medicine Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.
authors.forename: Luke
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Digestive Disease Research Center, Scott & White Healthcare, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas.
authors.forename: Morgan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Quezada
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Digestive Disease Research Center, Scott & White Healthcare, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas; Academic Operations, Scott & White Memorial Hospital, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas.
authors.forename: Phillip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Levine
authors.affiliation: Department of Research, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas; Department of Medicine, Digestive Disease Research Center, Scott & White Healthcare, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas.
authors.forename: Yuyan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Research, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas; Department of Medicine, Digestive Disease Research Center, Scott & White Healthcare, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas; Academic Operations, Scott & White Memorial Hospital, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas.
authors.forename: Kelly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: McDaniel
authors.affiliation: Department of Research, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas; Department of Medicine, Digestive Disease Research Center, Scott & White Healthcare, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas.
authors.forename: Tianhao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Research, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas; Department of Medicine, Digestive Disease Research Center, Scott & White Healthcare, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas.
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Research, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas; Department of Medicine, Digestive Disease Research Center, Scott & White Healthcare, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas.
authors.forename: Shannon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Glaser
authors.affiliation: Department of Research, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas; Department of Medicine, Digestive Disease Research Center, Scott & White Healthcare, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas; Academic Operations, Scott & White Memorial Hospital, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas.
authors.forename: Fanyin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Department of Research, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas; Department of Medicine, Digestive Disease Research Center, Scott & White Healthcare, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas; Academic Operations, Scott & White Memorial Hospital, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas.
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Francis
authors.affiliation: Department of Research, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas; Department of Medicine, Digestive Disease Research Center, Scott & White Healthcare, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas. Electronic address: galpini@tamu.edu.
authors.forename: Gianfranco
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Alpini
mesh_terms: D001343:Autophagy; D001656:Biliary Atresia / Q000473:pathology*; D002453:Cell Cycle; D016922:Cellular Senescence; D015209:Cholangitis, Sclerosing / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008105:Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary / Q000473:pathology*