title: Use of smartphones and portable media devices for quantifying human movement characteristics of gait, tendon reflex response, and Parkinson's disease hand tremor.
abstract: Smartphones and portable media devices are both equipped with sensor components, such as accelerometers. A software application enables these devices to function as a robust wireless accelerometer platform. The recorded accelerometer waveform can be transmitted wireless as an e-mail attachment through connectivity to the Internet. The implication of such devices as a wireless accelerometer platform is the experimental and post-processing locations can be placed anywhere in the world. Gait was quantified by mounting a smartphone or portable media device proximal to the lateral malleolus of the ankle joint. Attributes of the gait cycle were quantified with a considerable accuracy and reliability. The patellar tendon reflex response was quantified by using the device in tandem with a potential energy impact pendulum to evoke the patellar tendon reflex. The acceleration waveform maximum acceleration feature of the reflex response displayed considerable accuracy and reliability. By mounting the smartphone or portable media device to the dorsum of the hand through a glove, Parkinson's disease hand tremor was quantified and contrasted with significance to a non-Parkinson's disease steady hand control. With the methods advocated in this chapter, any aspect of human movement may be quantified through smartphones or portable media devices and post-processed anywhere in the world. These wearable devices are anticipated to substantially impact the biomedical and healthcare industry.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA, rlemoyne07@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: LeMoyne
authors.forename: Timothy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mastroianni
mesh_terms: D061725:Accelerometry / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena / Q000502:physiology*; D040421:Cell Phone / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000503:physiopathology; D012026:Reflex, Stretch / Q000502:physiology; D012984:Software; D017216:Telemedicine / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D014202:Tremor / Q000503:physiopathology; D059015:Wireless Technology