title: Electroretinographic and optical coherence tomography findings in breast cancer patients using aromatase inhibitors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The present cross-sectional study has the purpose to investigate the impact of aromatase inhibitors (AIs) on retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, optic nerve and macular function in patients using AIs for breast cancer treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants in our study were 41 hormone-receptor-positive earlystage breast cancer patients who were treated with AIs in the adjuvant setting. Moreover, 40 age- and gender-matched control subjects, having neither ocular nor systemic disorders, were included in this study. All participants underwent a complete ophthalmological examination, including best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) assessment, RNFL thickness and central foveal thickness (CFT) measurement, visual evoked potentials (VEP) recording and multifocal-electroretinogram (mf-ERG) recording. Univariate and multiple regression analyses were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the multiple regression analyses, patients receiving AIs presented with lower average RNFL and inferior RNFL. Moreover, similarly to the univariate analysis, intake of AIs was associated with lower amplitude P100, lower retinal response density in ring 1 and ring 2, longer peak time P100 and longer P1 time in ring 1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study is the first in the literature investigating the potential effect of AIs on RNFL thickness, optic nerve and macular function in patients using AIs for breast cancer treatment. The principal message of our study is that patients using AIs exhibited a significant decrease in RNFL thickness (average, superior and inferior), retinal response density and visual acuity compared to healthy controls, while VEP findings (both amplitude and peak time of P100) differ significantly as well.
authors.affiliation: a First Department of Ophthalmology .
authors.forename: Marilita M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Moschos
authors.affiliation: a First Department of Ophthalmology .
authors.forename: Irini P
authors.initials: IP
authors.lastname: Chatziralli
authors.affiliation: b Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , and.
authors.forename: Theodoros
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sergentanis
authors.affiliation: c Breast Cancer Unit, First Department of Propaedeutic Surgery , University of Athens , Athens , Greece.
authors.forename: Flora
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zagouri
authors.affiliation: c Breast Cancer Unit, First Department of Propaedeutic Surgery , University of Athens , Athens , Greece.
authors.forename: Dimosthenis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chrysikos
authors.affiliation: a First Department of Ophthalmology .
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ladas
authors.affiliation: c Breast Cancer Unit, First Department of Propaedeutic Surgery , University of Athens , Athens , Greece.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zografos
mesh_terms: D000077384:Anastrozole; D000730:Androstadienes / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D047072:Aromatase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D004596:Electroretinography; D005074:Evoked Potentials, Visual / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000077289:Letrozole; D008875:Middle Aged; D009412:Nerve Fibers / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D009570:Nitriles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009900:Optic Nerve / Q000187:drug effects; D012160:Retina / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014230:Triazoles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000730:Androstadienes; D047072:Aromatase Inhibitors; D009570:Nitriles; D014230:Triazoles; D000077384:Anastrozole; D000077289:Letrozole; C056516:exemestane
keywords: Aromatase inhibitors; electrophysiology; mf-ERG; optical coherence tomography; visual evoked potentials