title: EBV-driven B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders: from biology, classification and differential diagnosis to clinical management.
abstract: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous herpesvirus, affecting >90% of the adult population. EBV targets B-lymphocytes and achieves latent infection in a circular episomal form. Different latency patterns are recognized based on latent gene expression pattern. Latent membrane protein-1 (LMP-1) mimics CD40 and, when self-aggregated, provides a proliferation signal via activating the nuclear factor-kappa B, Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription, phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt (PI3K/Akt) and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways to promote cellular proliferation. LMP-1 also induces BCL-2 to escape from apoptosis and gives a signal for cell cycle progression by enhancing cyclin-dependent kinase 2 and phosphorylation of retinoblastoma (Rb) protein and by inhibiting p16 and p27. LMP-2A blocks the surface immunoglobulin-mediated lytic cycle reactivation. It also activates the Ras/PI3K/Akt pathway and induces Bcl-xL expression to promote B-cell survival. Recent studies have shown that ebv-microRNAs can provide extra signals for cellular proliferation, cell cycle progression and anti-apoptosis. EBV is well known for association with various types of B-lymphocyte, T-lymphocyte, epithelial cell and mesenchymal cell neoplasms. B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders encompass a broad spectrum of diseases, from benign to malignant. Here we review our current understanding of EBV-induced lymphomagenesis and focus on biology, diagnosis and management of EBV-associated B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Chi Young
authors.identifier: 0000000268227880
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Ok
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA [2] Department of Medical Oncology, University of Zhengzhou School of Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA [2] The University of Texas School of Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Ken H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Young
mesh_terms: D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D019468:Disease Management; D020031:Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / Q000150:complications*; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008232:Lymphoproliferative Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy