title: Early third trimester maternal response to glucose challenge and pregnancy outcome in Chinese women-relationship between upper distribution level and recommended diagnostic criteria.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between upper distribution levels of glucose values in the 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and recommended diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  The distribution of the OGTT 2-h values of 13,501 pregnant women, which were below the World Health Organization (WHO) threshold for overt diabetes mellitus (DM), and managed in one teaching hospital in China, was reviewed and related to maternal characteristics and pregnancy outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the entire group, the 90th and 95th percentile values of the OGTT 2-h glucose level, respectively, were close to the diagnostic cutoff values of the WHO and International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) criteria. For adverse maternal outcomes, glucose level above the 90th percentile value was associated with increased hypertensive disorders, whereas no difference was seen with cutoff using the 95th percentile value. For perinatal outcomes, the 90th percentile was associated with increased neonatal intensive care unit admission and hypoglycemia, whereas the 95th percentile showed in addition association with phototherapy for jaundice and 5th-minute Apgar score <7. Although no differences in the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes were found using the different cutoffs, the >95th percentile cutoff value would have missed out 33.3-56.7% of the cases of adverse outcomes that would otherwise have been attributed to GDM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Further studies are warranted to clarify which diagnostic criterion is most appropriate universally to identify adverse pregnancy outcomes attributed to GDM, and which could be mitigated with treatment specific for GDM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China.
authors.forename: M Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China.
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
authors.forename: T T-H
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Lao
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Y Q
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China.
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, P.R. China.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China.
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China.
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China.
authors.forename: H Y
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China.
authors.forename: S Q
authors.initials: SQ
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China.
authors.forename: G H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China.
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D002681:China; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000209:etiology; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D015931:Intensive Care, Neonatal; D007565:Jaundice / Q000209:etiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose