title: Candida non albicans with a High amphotericin B resistance pattern causing candidemia among cancer patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Many scientists have reported Candida species to be of great concern because of the high frequency that they colonize and infect human hosts, particularly cancer patients. Moreover, in the last decades Candida species have developed resistance to many antifungal agents. Based on this, we aimed to identify and determine the prevalence of Candida spp from blood culture bottles among cancer patients and their antifungal resistance pattern.
  
  
  METHODS
  From the blood culture bottles isolation and identification of the Candida spp were performed by conventional microbiological techniques. The in vitro antibiotic resistance pattern of the isolates was determined by CLSI guidelines. Genomic DNA was isolated and amplified. Each gene was separated by agar gel electrophoresis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Identification of Candida spp was based on the presence of yeast cells in direct examination, culture and DNA extraction. Of the 68 blood samples collected during the study period (April 2013 to October 2013), five (7.35%) were positive for the presence of Candida spp, 2 (40%) of which were identified as Candida albicans and 3 (60%) were Candida non-albicans.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High resistance to amphotricin B was observed among all the Candida non-albicans isolates. Regular investigations into antifungal resistance will help us to get an updated knowledge about their antibiotic resistance pattern which may help the physician in selecting the antibiotics for empirical therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran E-mail : parsmicrob@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Enayatollah
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kalantar
authors.forename: Mojan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Assadi
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pormazaheri
authors.forename: Shiva
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hatami
authors.forename: Maryam Agha
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Barari
authors.forename: Esfandiar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Asgari
authors.forename: Elaheh
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mahmoudi
authors.forename: Kourosh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kabir
authors.forename: Seyed Mahmoud
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Amin Marashi
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002175:Candida / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000150:complications* / Q000382:microbiology; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D004271:DNA, Fungal; D000666:Amphotericin B