title: Rationale and design of the Feeding Dynamic Intervention (FDI) study for self-regulation of energy intake in preschoolers.
abstract: In 2011, the Institute of Medicine Early Childhood Prevention Policies Report identified feeding dynamics as an important focus area for childhood obesity prevention and treatment. Feeding dynamics includes two central components: (1) caregiver feeding practices (i.e., determining how, when, where, and what they feed their children) and (2) child eating behaviors (i.e., determining how much and what to eat from what food caregivers have provided). Although there has been great interest in overweight and obesity prevention and treatment in young children, they have not focused comprehensively on feeding dynamics. Interventions on feeding dynamics that reduce caregivers' excessive controlling and restrictive feeding practices and encourage the development of children's self-regulation of energy intake may hold promise for tackling childhood obesity especially in the young child but currently lack an evidence base. This manuscript describes the rationale and design for a randomized controlled trial designed to compare a group of mothers and their 3-to 5-year old children who received an intervention focused primarily on feeding dynamics called the Feeding Dynamic Intervention (FDI) with a Wait-list Control Group (WLC). The primary aim of the study will be to investigate the efficacy of the FDI for decreasing Eating in the Absence of Hunger (EAH) and improving energy compensation (COMPX). The secondary aim will be to examine the effect of the FDI in comparison to the WLC on maternal self-reported feeding practices and child satiety responsiveness.
authors.affiliation: Center for Healthy Weight and Nutrition, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Ohio State University, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, United States. Electronic address: Ihuoma.Eneli@nationwidechildrens.org.
authors.forename: Ihuoma U
authors.initials: IU
authors.lastname: Eneli
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Ohio State University, 225 Psychology Building, Columbus, OH 43210, United States. Electronic address: tylka.2@osu.edu.
authors.forename: Tracy L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Tylka
authors.affiliation: Center for Healthy Weight and Nutrition, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, United States.
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hummel
authors.affiliation: Center for Healthy Weight and Nutrition, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, United States.
authors.forename: Rosanna P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Watowicz
authors.affiliation: Center for Healthy Weight and Nutrition, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, United States.
authors.forename: Susana A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Perez
authors.affiliation: Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, 300 North Ingalls Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States.
authors.forename: Niko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kaciroti
authors.affiliation: Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, 300 North Ingalls Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Human Nutrition Program, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, 1700 SPH I, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States. Electronic address: jlumeng@umich.edu.
authors.forename: Julie C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lumeng
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D002149:Energy Intake; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009034:Mother-Child Relations; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D000068356:Self-Control
keywords: Children; Feeding; Obesity; Satiety