title: Platelet Arachidonic Acid Deficiency May Contribute to Abnormal Platelet Function During Parenteral Fish Oil Monotherapy in a Piglet Model.
abstract: Fish oil monotherapy has been an advance for treating intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD). However, such patients are at risk of bleeding complications from liver disease and because fish oil can inhibit thrombosis. We have previously reported abnormal platelet function in neonatal piglets given fish oil monotherapy during parenteral nutrition (PN). The purpose of this study was to determine if abnormal fatty acid composition of the platelets could explain the prior observed antiplatelet effect.
  
  
  
  Neonatal piglets were assigned to 2 treatments: PN with fish oil monotherapy (FO; n = 4) or PN with soy oil (SO; n = 5). On day 14, plasma was collected and platelets isolated by centrifuging. The fatty acid content in plasma and platelet plug were measured using gas liquid chromatography and compared with controls (CON; n = 5).
  
  
  
  The arachidonic acid (AA) content in the FO group was on average half that of the SO group, in both the platelets (FO, 3.5% vs SO, 7.6%; P = .021; CON, 4.5%-11%) and the plasma (FO, 3.8% vs SO, 9.2%; P = .002; CON, 6.1%-9.5%). No bleeding complications were observed for any piglets during PN treatment.
  
  
  
  Using platelet mapping, we have previously shown that neonatal piglets given fish oil monotherapy have abnormal platelet function in the AA pathway. This report demonstrates that such an abnormality can be explained by platelet AA deficiency. Platelet mapping and platelet fatty acid analysis should be undertaken in human infants treated with fish oil monotherapy during PN.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada justine.turner@albertahealthservices.ca.
authors.forename: Justine M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.affiliation: Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Catherine J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Field
authors.affiliation: Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Sue
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Goruk
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wizzard
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Bryan J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Dicken
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Aisha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bruce
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Paul W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Wales
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000097:blood / Q000172:deficiency*; D001791:Blood Platelet Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000502:physiology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007410:Intestinal Diseases / Q000150:complications; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D010288:Parenteral Nutrition; D034421:Sus scrofa
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D005395:Fish Oils; D016718:Arachidonic Acid
keywords: Omegaven; arachidonic acid; bleeding; fatty acids; platelets