title: Success of a smoking cessation programme in smoking behaviour of chronic periodontitis patients and identification of predictors of motivation for smoking cessation - a pilot study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The primary goal of this pilot study was to evaluate the success of a smoking cessation programme on smoking behaviour of patients with chronic periodontitis. Secondary goals were to identify the prevalence of smoking among them, predictors of motivation for smoking cessation and for successful nicotine abstinence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Smokers suffering from chronic periodontitis were offered cognitive behavioural group therapy of 10 once-weekly sessions. Smoking is reduced stepwise and complete cessation is to be achieved by the sixth session. Sociodemographic data, history of smoking and motivation for smoking cessation, subjective health status, and questionnaires on anxiety, depression, control beliefs and coping with stress were completed at study entry. Smoking behaviour was assessed at the end of the group programme and 3 months thereafter.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 469 patients with periodontitis, 59 (12.6%) were smokers; 30 (50.6%) patients participated in the smoking cessation programme. Participants smoked more cigarettes/day (P = 0.03, 95% CI: -17.9/-0.89) and subjectively assessed their health as being worse than non-participants (P = 0.09, 95% CI: -0.16/2.15). In SPQ, non-participants showed more trivialization (P = 0.014, 95% CI: 0.59/4.94). Complete data were available for 15 group participants: six patients were smoke-free after 10 weeks and five after 18 weeks (33.3%); two patients had reduced their cigarette consumption by half. At the start of the programme, less successful participants showed a tendency to higher depression in HADS (P = 0.085, 95% CI: -5.25/5.76) and were more inclined to seek substitute satisfaction (P = 0.034, 95% CI: 3.24/11.23).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The rate of success in this study was comparable with other studies. More research with larger samples is needed for confirming these observations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kropff
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.|Private Practice, Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Petersilka
authors.affiliation: Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Flemmig
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ehmke
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Heuft
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schneider
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006293:Health Promotion; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D009538:Nicotine / Q000009:adverse effects; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000453:epidemiology; D016540:Smoking Cessation; D066252:Sociological Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder
chemical_list: D009538:Nicotine
keywords: chronic periodontitis; risk factors; smoking; smoking cessation