title: Epidermal growth factor containing culture supernatant enhances intestine development of early-weaned pigs in vivo: potential mechanisms involved.
abstract: We have previously generated epidermal factor expressing Lactococcus lactis (EGF-LL) using a bioengineering approach, and shown that EGF-LL fermentation supernatant enhanced newly weaned pigs growth. The objective of the current study was to further understand the mechanisms behind this improved performance. Sixty-four piglets were weaned at 3 weeks of age and then fed ad libitum according to a 2-phase feeding program. Four pens with 8 pigs per pen were assigned to each of two treatments for 3 weeks: (1) EGF containing supernatant from EGF-LL culture (SuperEGF) or (2) blank M17GE media (Control). Consistent with previous findings, SuperEGF pigs had an increased average daily gain during week 3 post-weaning (433.4 ± 10.86 vs 388.7 ± 7.76 g; P<0.05) and overall gain:feed ratio (0.757 ± 0.03 vs 0.677 ± 0.01 kg/kg, P < 0.05). Moreover, jejunal structure development was enhanced, and inflammation index was minimized in SuperEGF pigs as indicated by increased villi height (P<0.05), decreased lamina propria width (P<0.05), and higher expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-13 (P<0.05). Further, goblet cell numbers and Muc2 levels were increased in SuperEGF pigs. Interestingly, the weaning-induced decrease of glucose cotransporter sodium-glucose linked transporter 1 (SGLT1) and glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP2) levels was reversed by SuperEGF supplementation. Our findings add to our understanding of the mechanisms behind enhancing piglet performance by EGF containing fermentation product.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, Canada.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bedford
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, Canada; College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, PR China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, Canada.
authors.forename: Evanna
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Huynh
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, Canada.
authors.forename: Cuilan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, Canada.
authors.forename: Samantha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Medeiros
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, Canada.
authors.forename: Doug
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wey
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, Canada.
authors.forename: Cornelis
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: de Lange
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, Canada. Electronic address: jli@uoguelph.ca.
authors.forename: Julang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis* / Q000382:microbiology; D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D005285:Fermentation; D051273:Glucose Transporter Type 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007583:Jejunum / Q000254:growth & development*; D013294:Lactococcus lactis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051269:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine / Q000254:growth & development; D014886:Weaning; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D051273:Glucose Transporter Type 2; D051269:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 1; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1
keywords: Epidermal growth factor; Intestine development; Lactococcus lactis; Weaned pig