title: [Extranodal Metastases of Renal Cell Carcinoma to the Head and Neck: A Diagnostic Challenge].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Single case reports about extranodal renal cell carcinoma (RCC) metastasis to the head and neck (HN) often implicating unusual clinical follow-ups are well known. Subject of our investigation is to ascertain the true meaning of RCC for differential diagnostic of the head and neck surgion.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively review the reports of 612 patients with RCC treated in a 13-years period in the department of urology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 612 RCC 191 (31%) were metastatic, 3 female and 4 male (mean 66.8a, 56a-78a) presented with extranodal metastases within the HN. Extranodal locations were parotid and thyroid glands (2 ×), tongue, forehead scin, bone and paranasal sinus. Occurrence of metastases were observed in mean 40.8 months (5-87) after the primary. In one patient metastasis to the parotid gland was the only manifestation of RCC 78 month treated before, the others presented with further metastases to infraclavicular organs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  According to our results extranodal metastases of RCC to the HN are uncommon (1.1%). Therefore and because of the unusual location extranodal metastases of RCC remain a diagnostic challenge for the ENT specialist and the pathologist with peculiar knowledge of the oncological history of the patient remaining an essential condition. We found exclusive metastasis to the HN in only one of 7 cases. Nevertheless surgical treatment has to be considered in curative and symptomatic treatment strategies.
authors.affiliation: HNO - Plastische Operationen, Ruppiner Kliniken, Neuruppin.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Franzen
authors.affiliation: Onkologischer Schwerpunkt, Ruppiner Kliniken, Neuruppin.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Ruppiner Kliniken, Neuruppin.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lebentrau
authors.affiliation: HNO-Abteilung, Borromäus-Hospital, Leer, Ostfriesland.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Günzel
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010039:Otorhinolaryngologic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery; D011379:Prognosis