title: Experimental study of nasopharyngeal carcinoma radionuclide imaging and therapy using transferred human sodium/iodide symporter gene.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to design a method of radionuclide for imaging and therapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) using the transferred human sodium/iodide symporter (hNIS) gene.
  
  
  METHODS
  A stable NPC cell line expressing hNIS was established (CNE-2-hNIS). After 131I treatment, we detected proliferation and apoptosis of NPC cells, both in vitro and vivo. In vivo, the radioactivity of different organs of nude mice was counted and (99m)Tc imaging using SPECT was performed. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value changes of tumor xenografts were observed by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) within 6-24 days of 131I treatment. The correlation of ADC changes with apoptosis and proliferation was investigated. Post-treatment expression levels of P53, Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3, and Survivin proteins were detected by western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  131I uptake was higher in CNE-2-hNIS than in CNE-2 cells. The proliferation and apoptosis rate decreased and increased respectively both in vitro and vivo in the experimental group after 131I treatment. The experimental group tumors accumulated (99m)Tc in vivo, leading to a good visualization by SPECT. DW-MRI showed that ADC values increased in the experimental group 6 days after treatment, while ADC values were positively and negatively correlated with the apoptotic and Ki-67 proliferation indices, respectively. After treatment, CNE-2-hNIS cells up-regulated the expression of P53 and Survivin proteins and activated Caspase-3, and down-regulated the expression of Bcl-2 proteins.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The radionuclide imaging and therapy technique for NPC hNIS-transfected cell lines can provide a new therapy strategy for monitoring and treatment of NPC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
authors.forename: Xing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
authors.forename: Changzheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
authors.forename: Mingzhu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D002277:Carcinoma; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D051379:Mice; D000077274:Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000378:metabolism; D013670:Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m / Q000378:metabolism; D027981:Symporters / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014162:Transfection; D000099209:Sodium-Iodide Symporters
chemical_list: D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D013670:Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; D027981:Symporters; D000099209:Sodium-Iodide Symporters