title: Oxidative stress, bone marrow failure, and genome instability in hematopoietic stem cells.
abstract: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can be generated by defective endogenous reduction of oxygen by cellular enzymes or in the mitochondrial respiratory pathway, as well as by exogenous exposure to UV or environmental damaging agents. Regulation of intracellular ROS levels is critical since increases above normal concentrations lead to oxidative stress and DNA damage. A growing body of evidence indicates that the inability to regulate high levels of ROS leading to alteration of cellular homeostasis or defective repair of ROS-induced damage lies at the root of diseases characterized by both neurodegeneration and bone marrow failure as well as cancer. That these diseases may be reflective of the dynamic ability of cells to respond to ROS through developmental stages and aging lies in the similarities between phenotypes at the cellular level. This review summarizes work linking the ability to regulate intracellular ROS to the hematopoietic stem cell phenotype, aging, and disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, UNC Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd., Woodward Hall Room 386B, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA. c.richardson@uncc.edu.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, UNC Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd., Woodward Hall Room 386B, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA. shan.yan@uncc.edu.
authors.forename: Shan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, UNC Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd., Woodward Hall Room 386B, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA. cvestal1@uncc.edu.
authors.forename: C Greer
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Vestal
mesh_terms: D000741:Anemia, Aplastic; D000818:Animals; D001855:Bone Marrow Diseases; D000080983:Bone Marrow Failure Disorders; D004249:DNA Damage; D004260:DNA Repair; D042822:Genomic Instability; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006457:Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species