title: Responses of peripheral blood mononucleated cells from non-celiac gluten sensitive patients to various cereal sources.
abstract: Non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) is still an undefined syndrome whose triggering mechanisms remain unsettled. This study aimed to clarify how cultured peripheral blood mononucleated cells (PBMC) obtained from NCGS patients responded to contact with wheat proteins. Results demonstrated that wheat protein induced an overactivation of the proinflammatory chemokine CXCL10 in PBMC from NCGS patients, and that the overactivation level depends on the cereal source from which proteins are obtained. CXCL10 is able to decrease the transepithelial resistance of monolayers of normal colonocytes (NCM 460) by diminishing the mRNA expression of cadherin-1 (CDH1) and tight junction protein 2 (TJP2), two primary components of the tight junction strands. Thus, CXCL10 overactivation is one of the mechanisms triggered by wheat proteins in PBMC obtained from NCGS patients. This mechanism is activated to a greater extent by proteins from modern with respect to those extracted from ancient wheat genotypes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Chiara
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Valerii
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology Unit, Spedali Civili and University, Brescia, Italy.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ricci
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. Electronic address: enzo.spisni@unibo.it.
authors.forename: Enzo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Spisni
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Raffaella
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Di Silvestro
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Luigia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: De Fazio
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cavazza
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology Unit, Spedali Civili and University, Brescia, Italy.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lanzini
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Campieri
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dalpiaz
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pavan
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Umberto
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Volta
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dinelli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000097:blood; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000097:blood; D055050:Diet, Gluten-Free / Q000379:methods*; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D005512:Food Hypersensitivity / Q000276:immunology; D005983:Glutens / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014908:Triticum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D005983:Glutens
keywords: Ancient grains; CXCL10; Non celiac gluten sensitivity; Wheat proteins