title: The importance of solidification stress on the redispersibility of solid nanocrystals loaded with harmine.
abstract: Due to limited understanding about effect of solidification stress on the redispersibility of drug nanocrystals, the impact of the different type and concentration of stabilizers and cryoprotectants, as well as the solidification temperature on the redispersibility of nanocrystals were systematically investigated. Harmine nanosuspensions were transformed into harmine solid nanocrystals (HAR-SNC) via different stress of solidification process including freezing, lyophilization and spray-drying. The effect of different concentrations of stabilizers and cryoprotectants on redispersibility of HAR-SNC was also investigated, respectively. The results showed that the redispersibility of HAR-SNC at the aggressive freezing temperature stress was better more than those of conservative and moderate stress condition. The HPMC was effective enough to protect HAR-SNC from damage during lyophilization, which could homogeneously be adsorbed into the surface of nanocrystals to prevent the agglomerates. The sucrose and sorbitol achieved excellent performance that protected HAR-SNC from crystal growth during lyophilization. The CMS-Na played an outstanding role in protecting the HAR-SNC from breakage during spray-drying, due to the steric barrier effect of high viscosity polymeric stabilizers. It was concluded that HAR-SNC was subjected to agglomeration or crystal growth during solidification, and the degree of agglomeration or crystal growth varied with the type and the amounts of stabilizers used, as well as stress conditions applied. The polymeric stabilizers were more effective to protect HAR-SNC from the damage during solidification process.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China; Key Lab of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China.
authors.forename: Pengfei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yue
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China. Electronic address: wchcxm@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Changhong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China.
authors.forename: Jixiu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dan
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China.
authors.forename: Zhenfeng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D003460:Crystallization; D004339:Drug Compounding / Q000379:methods; D005079:Excipients / Q000737:chemistry*; D005612:Freeze Drying; D005615:Freezing; D006247:Harmine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D053758:Nanoparticles; D011108:Polymers; D013696:Temperature; D014783:Viscosity
chemical_list: D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; D005079:Excipients; D011108:Polymers; D006247:Harmine
keywords: Redispersibility; Solid nanocrystals; Solidification stress; Stabilizer