title: The complete sequence of the first Spodoptera frugiperda Betabaculovirus genome: a natural multiple recombinant virus.
abstract: Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a major pest in maize crops in Colombia, and affects several regions in America. A granulovirus isolated from S. frugiperda (SfGV VG008) has potential as an enhancer of insecticidal activity of previously described nucleopolyhedrovirus from the same insect species (SfMNPV). The SfGV VG008 genome was sequenced and analyzed showing circular double stranded DNA of 140,913 bp encoding 146 putative ORFs that include 37 Baculoviridae core genes, 88 shared with betabaculoviruses, two shared only with betabaculoviruses from Noctuide insects, two shared with alphabaculoviruses, three copies of own genes (paralogs) and the other 14 corresponding to unique genes without representation in the other baculovirus species. Particularly, the genome encodes for important virulence factors such as 4 chitinases and 2 enhancins. The sequence analysis revealed the existence of eight homologous regions (hrs) and also suggests processes of gene acquisition by horizontal transfer including the SfGV VG008 ORFs 046/047 (paralogs), 059, 089 and 099. The bioinformatics evidence indicates that the genome donors of mentioned genes could be alpha- and/or betabaculovirus species. The previous reported ability of SfGV VG008 to naturally co-infect the same host with other virus show a possible mechanism to capture genes and thus improve its fitness.
authors.affiliation: Centro de investigación Tibaitatá, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria CORPOICA, Km 14 Vía Mosquera 250047, Cundinamarca, Colombia. pcuartas@corpoica.org.co.
authors.forename: Paola E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Cuartas
authors.affiliation: Centro de investigación Tibaitatá, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria CORPOICA, Km 14 Vía Mosquera 250047, Cundinamarca, Colombia. gbarrera@corpoica.org.co.
authors.forename: Gloria P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Barrera
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Ingeniería Genética y Biología Celular y Molecular-Área Virosis de Insectos (LIGBCM-AVI), Dto. de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Saenz Peña 352, Bernal, Provincia de Buenos Aires, 1876, Argentina. mbelaich@unq.edu.ar.
authors.forename: Mariano N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Belaich
authors.affiliation: Centro de Bioinformática, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Avenida Carrera 30 # 45, Bogotá 11001000, Cundinamarca, Colombia. ebarretoh@unal.edu.co.
authors.forename: Emiliano
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Barreto
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Ingeniería Genética y Biología Celular y Molecular-Área Virosis de Insectos (LIGBCM-AVI), Dto. de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Saenz Peña 352, Bernal, Provincia de Buenos Aires, 1876, Argentina. pdg@unq.edu.ar.
authors.forename: Pablo D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Ghiringhelli
authors.affiliation: Centro de investigación Tibaitatá, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria CORPOICA, Km 14 Vía Mosquera 250047, Cundinamarca, Colombia. lvillamizar@corpoica.org.co.
authors.forename: Laura F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Villamizar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016367:Baculoviridae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003105:Colombia; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004270:DNA, Circular / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics*; D022761:Gene Transfer, Horizontal; D016679:Genome, Viral; D058977:Molecular Sequence Annotation; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017385:Sequence Homology; D018411:Spodoptera / Q000821:virology*; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004270:DNA, Circular; D004279:DNA, Viral; D037521:Virulence Factors; D004247:DNA