title: Tear analysis as a tool to detect oligoclonal bands in radiologically isolated syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS) is a newly defined entity, incidental findings of T2 hypersignals on brain MRI can lead to misdiagnosis or useless investigations. The detection of oligoclonal bands (OCBs) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a major indicator that helps in diagnosis of subclinical inflammatory disease of the central nervous system, but lumbar puncture still remains an invasive option.
  
  
  METHODS
  We have prospectively included patients with RIS, have compared the results of CSF and tear OCB detection by isoelectric focusing (IEF) and assessed concordance between OCB detection in tears and in CSF. Tears were collected using a Schirmer strip.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 45 recruited RIS patients, OCBs were detected in CSF for 55% (25/45) and in tears for 50% (21/42) of samples.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We suggest that tear OCB detection may replace CSF OCB detection as a diagnostic tool in patients with RIS and be useful in follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Service de neurologie, hôpital Pasteur, CHU de Nice, 30, voie Romaine, 06002 Nice, France. Electronic address: LEBRUN.c@chu-nice.fr.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lebrun
authors.affiliation: Centre catholique de Lomme, université catholique de Lille, 56, rue du Port, 59046 Lille, France.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Forzy
authors.affiliation: Neurologie, CHU de Strasbourg, 1, place de L'hôpital, BP 426, 67091 Strasbourg cedex, France.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Collongues
authors.affiliation: Service de neurologie, hôpital Pasteur, CHU de Nice, 30, voie Romaine, 06002 Nice, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.affiliation: Neurologie, CHU de Strasbourg, 1, place de L'hôpital, BP 426, 67091 Strasbourg cedex, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de Seze
authors.affiliation: Centre catholique de Lomme, université catholique de Lille, 56, rue du Port, 59046 Lille, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hautecoeur
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007525:Isoelectric Focusing; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis*; D043025:Oligoclonal Bands / Q000032:analysis* / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013129:Spinal Puncture; D013666:Tears / Q000737:chemistry*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D043025:Oligoclonal Bands
keywords: Cerebrospinal fluid; Critères diagnostiques; Diagnostic criteria; Dissemination in space; Dissémination dans l’espace; Liquide céphalorachidien; Multiple sclerosis; Radiologically isolated syndrome; Sclérose en plaques; Syndrome radiologiquement isolé