title: Rethinking transcription coupled DNA repair.
abstract: Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is an evolutionarily conserved, multistep process that can detect a wide variety of DNA lesions. Transcription coupled repair (TCR) is a subpathway of NER that repairs the transcribed DNA strand faster than the rest of the genome. RNA polymerase (RNAP) stalled at DNA lesions mediates the recruitment of NER enzymes to the damage site. In this review we focus on a newly identified bacterial TCR pathway in which the NER enzyme UvrD, in conjunction with NusA, plays a major role in initiating the repair process. We discuss the tradeoff between the new and conventional models of TCR, how and when each pathway operates to repair DNA damage, and the necessity of pervasive transcription in maintaining genome integrity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
authors.forename: Venu
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kamarthapu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA. Electronic address: evgeny.nudler@nyumc.org.
authors.forename: Evgeny
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nudler
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004249:DNA Damage; D004260:DNA Repair; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases