title: Molecular detection of infectious bronchitis and avian metapneumoviruses in Oman backyard poultry.
abstract: Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) and avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) are economically important viral pathogens infecting chickens globally. Identification of endemic IBV and aMPV strains promotes better control of both diseases and prevents production losses. Orophrayngeal swab samples were taken from 2317 birds within 243 different backyard flocks in Oman. Swabs from each flock were examined by RT-PCR using part-S1 and G gene primers for IBV and aMPV respectively. Thirty-nine chicken flocks were positive for IBV. Thirty two of these were genotyped and they were closely related to 793/B, M41, D274, IS/1494/06 and IS/885/00. 793/B-like IBV was also found in one turkey and one duck flock. Five flocks were positive for aMPV subtype B. Though no disease was witnessed at the time of sampling, identified viruses including variant IBV strains, may still pose a threat for both backyard and commercial poultry in Oman.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Neston, Cheshire, CH64 7TE, UK.
authors.forename: Thunai
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Al-Shekaili
authors.affiliation: Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Neston, Cheshire, CH64 7TE, UK.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baylis
authors.affiliation: Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Neston, Cheshire, CH64 7TE, UK. Electronic address: gana@liv.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Kannan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ganapathy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001991:Bronchitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D018352:Coronavirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D005838:Genotype; D001351:Infectious bronchitis virus / Q000235:genetics*; D029121:Metapneumovirus / Q000235:genetics*; D009850:Oman / Q000453:epidemiology; D018184:Paramyxoviridae Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D011200:Poultry; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*
keywords: Avian metapneumovirus; Backyard poultry; Infectious bronchitis virus; Oman; Surveillance