title: Single gold@silver nanoprobes for real-time tracing the entire autophagy process at single-cell level.
abstract: This article describes a multimodified core-shell gold@silver nanoprobe for real-time monitoring the entire autophagy process at single-cell level. Autophagy is vital for understanding the mechanisms of human pathologies, developing novel drugs, and exploring approaches for autophagy controlling. A major challenge for autophagy study lies in real-time monitoring. One solution might come from real-time detection of in situ superoxide radicals (O2(•-)), because it is the main regulator of autophagy. In this work, our proposed nanoprobes were etched by O2(•-) and gave a notable wavelength change in the plasmon resonance scattering spectra. Both the experimental and simulated results suggested the wavelength change rate correlated well with O2(•-) level. This response enabled its application in real-time in situ quantification of O2(•-) during autophagy course. More importantly, with the introduction of "relay probe" operation, two types of O2(•-)-regulating autophagy processes were successfully traced from the beginning to the end, and the possible mechanism was also proposed.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Synergetic Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, PR China.
authors.forename: Zixuan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jingjing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xueqin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Juntao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Jianrong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Qianhao
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Min
authors.forename: Jun-Jie
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D001343:Autophagy; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D042541:Intracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles; D015336:Molecular Probe Techniques; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry*; D059010:Single-Cell Analysis; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D013481:Superoxides; D012834:Silver; D006046:Gold