title: Impact of a focused transthoracic echocardiography training course for rescue applications among anesthesiology and critical care medicine practitioners: a prospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the impact of a sequence of educational interventions in a one-day course on focused transthoracic echocardiography (FOTE) by anesthesia and critical care practitioners.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective analysis of the educational data.
  
  
  METHODS
  Educational setting in two academic medical centers and a medical meeting workshop organized by one of these institutions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-six anesthesia and critical care providers, divided into three groups, participated separately in a FOTE training course.
  
  
  METHODS
  All participants received a sequence of educational intervention as follows: A standardized, multiple-choice pretest; a lecture on cardiac and lung ultrasound; and a FOTE "hands-on" training session. The same standardized test was administered and graded as a posttest.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-six professionals attended the course in three separate groups: The first were cardiothoracic anesthesia fellows (n = 16) (group 1), the second included critical care practitioners (n = 21) (group 2), and the third were general anesthesiologists (n = 19) (group 3). Parasternal views were most difficult to obtain for all groups (58.1, 63.8, and 58%, respectively). The mean written test scores increased from 14.9±2 to 21.0±2.3 in group 1; from 12.3±3.8 to 19.2±3.7 in group 2; 12±3.5 to 21±2.4 in group 3, (p = 0.0003, 0.00005, 0.0001, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A FOTE training course improves image acquisition skills and knowledge to the same level independently of professional background and level of experience in critical care ultrasound.
authors.affiliation: Department of Critical Care and Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida. Electronic address: DiazGomez.Jose@Mayo.edu.
authors.forename: José L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Díaz-Gómez
authors.affiliation: Department of Outcomes Research.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Perez-Protto
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hargrave
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia, Universidad CES, Medellin, Colombia.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Builes
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Capdeville
authors.affiliation: Department of Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida.
authors.forename: Emir
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Festic
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Sajid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shahul
mesh_terms: D000758:Anesthesia / Q000379:methods; D000776:Anesthesiology / Q000193:education*; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003422:Critical Care / Q000379:methods*; D004452:Echocardiography; D004521:Educational Measurement; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D011446:Prospective Studies; D066231:Surgeons; D013903:Thoracic Surgery / Q000193:education*; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional
keywords: cardiac arrest; circulatory collapse; critical care; focused ultrasound; lung ultrasound; medical education; perioperative care; transthoracic echocardiography