title: Hyperthermia process control induced by the electric field in order to destroy cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The paper presents numerical modeling of the artificial hyperthermia induced by the electric field in order to destroy the abnormal tissue. In particular, the possibility of process control in order to increase the temperature of only the tumor tissue was discussed. Due to the fact that the external electrodes which generate the additional heat, heat not only the area of the tumor, but also healthy tissue which surrounds the tumor, increasing the temperature inside the cancer is possible by introducing the paramagnetic nanoparticles into the interior. Additionally, the proper selection of voltage on the electrodes and the number of nanoparticles will enable optimal effect of hyperthermia treatment to be achieved.
  
  
  METHODS
  The multiple reciprocity BEM is applied to solve the coupled problem connected with the biological tissue heating. In order to determine the appropriate values of the parameters the inverse problem has been formulated, connected with simultaneous identification of the voltage of the electrodes and the number of nanoparticles, which is solved using the evolutionary algorithm.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The changes of the voltage of electrodes cause the changes of temperature in the entire domain considered, but the possibilities of temperature field control (e.g., concentration of maximum temperature at the central point of tumor) are rather unrealizable, because the maximum temperature we could observe in the neighbourhood of the electrodes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The idea consisting in the introduction of nanoparticles to the tumor region (for the concentrated energy deposition at the target tissue) is very effective. We obtain the maximum temperature exactly in the tumor domain.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Computational Mechanics and Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland.
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Paruch
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D004560:Electricity; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D013696:Temperature