title: Aqueous humor concentration of VEGF and retinal oxygen saturation after unilateral acute primary angle closure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in aqueous humor in patients with unilateral acute primary angle closure (APAC) and retinal oxygen saturation (SO2 ) after trabeculectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve patients, with unilateral trabeculectomy-required APAC, were recruited as the study group. Aqueous humor samples were collected prospectively for every subject. VEGF concentrations were analysed via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and retinal SO2 was measured using oximeter (Reykjavik, Iceland) at 1 month after trabeculectomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the APAC eyes, the mean aqueous humor concentration of VEGF was 388.4 ± 260.1 pg/ml and positively correlated with preoperative intraocular pressure (ρ = 0.658, p = 0.020). In the normal controls, the mean SO2 levels in the larger arterioles and venules were 93.0 ± 5.9% and 59.5 ± 5.4% and the arteriovenous [A-V] difference was 33.5 ± 6.3%. In the study group, the arteriolar SO2 at 1 month after surgery (97.6 ± 19.4%, p = 0.147) did not differ significantly from the values in the control group. However, the mean venular SO2 was significantly lower than the control eyes (50.0 ± 9.1% versus 59.5 ± 5.4%, p = 0.004), and a remarkable increased A-V difference (47.6 ± 22.7% versus 33.5 ± 6.3%) was found in the APAC eyes (p = 0.037).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lower venular SO2 and increased A-V difference existed in the APAC eyes after surgery, and it is possible that the saturation was even lower during the attack. Together with the elevated VEGF concentrations in aqueous humor, these provided indirect evidence that ocular hypoxia was constantly present during APAC attack.
authors.affiliation: Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jiawei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xinbo
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Shaolin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xingyi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Wenbin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Minwen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Sida
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Qianying
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xiulan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000378:metabolism*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D015812:Glaucoma, Angle-Closure / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010092:Oximetry; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000502:physiology*; D014065:Tonometry, Ocular; D014130:Trabeculectomy; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: VEGF; acute primary angle closure; retinal oxygen saturation