title: A Continuous Metabolic Syndrome Score Is Associated with Specific Biomarkers of Inflammation and CVD Risk in Prepubertal Children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to evaluate the use of a continuous metabolic syndrome (MetS) score and to assess the associations of this score with risk biomarkers of inflammation, endothelial damage and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in prepubertal children.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 677 prepubertal children (295 obese, 146 overweight, and 236 normal-weight) were recruited. MetS traits, markers of inflammation, endothelial damage and CVD risk were measured, and a continuous MetS score was calculated, consisting of the sum/5 of the standardised scores of the MetS components.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The continuous MetS score was significantly associated with active plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (r = 0.406, p < 0.001), adiponectin (r = -0.212, p < 0.001), resistin (r = 0.263, p < 0.001), C-reactive protein (r = 0.254, p < 0.001), tumour necrosis factor alpha (r = 0.120, p = 0.003), myeloperoxidase (r = 0.188, p < 0.001) and sE-selectin (r = 0.278, p < 0.001). Children in the normal-weight, overweight and obese groups with MetS totalled 0 (0%), 1 (0.7%) and 24 (8.7%), respectively, whereas the at-risk children identified using the continuous MetS score in each group totalled 2 (0.85%), 17 (11.6%) and 167 (56.6%), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The association of the continuous MetS score with specific risk biomarkers of inflammation, endothelial damage and CVD supports its use in the early identification of children at increased risk of metabolic dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Josune
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Olza
authors.forename: Concepción M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Aguilera
authors.forename: Mercedes
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gil-Campos
authors.forename: Rosaura
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Leis
authors.forename: Gloria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bueno
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Valle
authors.forename: Ramón
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cañete
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tojo
authors.forename: Luis A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.forename: Ángel
authors.initials: Á
authors.lastname: Gil
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis*; D050177:Overweight / Q000097:blood; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000097:blood; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000097:blood; D052243:Resistin / Q000097:blood; D012307:Risk Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D052243:Resistin; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D002097:C-Reactive Protein