title: Anesthetic management of pediatric patients with Emanuel syndrome.
abstract: Emanuel syndrome is a rare anomaly associated with multiple systemic malformations. We present two cases involving pediatric patients with Emanuel syndrome. The first patient presented with micrognathia and had patent ductus arteriosus and a single kidney. The patient was difficult to intubate with McGRATH(®) but was successfully intubated with an Airtraq(®) device. The second patient did not present with micrognathia and was not difficult to intubate. A thorough examination of the heart, kidney, and spinal cord is important when planning the anesthetic management of patients with Emanuel syndrome. Moreover, adequate preparation for a difficult airway is essential, and the Airtraq(®) device may be useful for intubating patients with Emanuel syndrome with micrognathia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Mutsukawa 2-138-4, Minami-ku, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Reiko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nishinarita
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Mutsukawa 2-138-4, Minami-ku, Yokohama, Japan. miharaxxxtotoro@yahoo.co.jp.
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mihara
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Mutsukawa 2-138-4, Minami-ku, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuhito
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Mutsukawa 2-138-4, Minami-ku, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshihisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Mutsukawa 2-138-4, Minami-ku, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Koui
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ka
mesh_terms: D000777:Anesthetics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D025063:Chromosome Disorders / Q000601:surgery*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000601:surgery*; D004374:Ductus Arteriosus, Patent / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000601:surgery*; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008297:Male; D009123:Muscle Hypotonia / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D000777:Anesthetics