title: Interferon gamma release assays and tubercolin skin test performance in different settings of HIV immunodeficiency.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  HIV infection is a risk factor for re-activation of latent tubercolosis infection (LTBI). In recent years new blood tests for the detection of TB infection have been developed: Quantiferon TB Gold in Tube and TSPOT TB, which are interferon-γ releasing assays (IGRAs), have improved the identification of LTBI. In our study we have compared IGRAs and TST in HIV-positive patients with different settings of immunodeficiency.
  
  
  METHODS
  98 consecutive HIV patients were recruited. They underwent a blood draw, a chest radiography and a tuberculin skin test. The HIV infection setting was detected and IGRAs were carried-out. Five patients showed a complete correspondence of TST, TSPOT-TB and QFT-IT. Discordant results were observed in patients testing positive to IGRAs but negative to TST. Only 2 patients showed positive TST and negative IGRAs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study showed a poor concordance between tuberculin skin test and IGRAs, mainly in patients with a low CD4 cell count.
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Infectious Diseases- D. Cotugno Hospital- AORN dei Colli, Naples, Italy rob.parrella@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Parrella
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Infectious Diseases- D. Cotugno Hospital- AORN dei Colli, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Esposito
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Infectious Diseases- D. Cotugno Hospital- AORN dei Colli, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Mirella
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Onofrio
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Infectious Diseases- D. Cotugno Hospital- AORN dei Colli, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Parrella
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Infectious Diseases- D. Cotugno Hospital- AORN dei Colli, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Rosaria
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Viglietti
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Infectious Diseases- D. Cotugno Hospital- AORN dei Colli, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sangiovanni
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Infectious Diseases- D. Cotugno Hospital- AORN dei Colli, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gargiulo
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Infectious Diseases- D. Cotugno Hospital- AORN dei Colli, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Filomena
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Di Martino
authors.affiliation: Unit of Microbiology and Virology- D. Cotugno Hospital- AORN dei Colli, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Annalisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Del Giudice
authors.affiliation: Unit of Microbiology and Virology- D. Cotugno Hospital- AORN dei Colli, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Giulia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Santoro
authors.affiliation: Unit of Microbiology and Virology- D. Cotugno Hospital- AORN dei Colli, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Mariano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bernardo
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Infectious Diseases- D. Cotugno Hospital- AORN dei Colli, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Aurora
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Carleo
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Infectious Diseases- D. Cotugno Hospital- AORN dei Colli, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chirianni
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D059425:Interferon-gamma Release Tests / Q000592:standards; D055985:Latent Tuberculosis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014374:Tuberculin Test / Q000592:standards; D019562:Viral Load; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: HIV infection; Latent tubercolosis infection; interferon gamma releasing assays; tuberculin skin test