title: Effects of n-3 FA supplementation on the release of proresolving lipid mediators by blood mononuclear cells: the OmegAD study.
abstract: Specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs) induce resolution of inflammation. SPMs are derivatives of n-3 and n-6 PUFAs and may mediate their beneficial effects. It is unknown whether supplementation with PUFAs influences the production of SPMs. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with brain inflammation and reduced levels of SPMs. The OmegAD study is a randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled clinical trial on AD patients, in which placebo or a supplement of 1.7 g DHA and 0.6 g EPA was taken daily for 6 months. Plasma levels of arachidonic acid decreased, and DHA and EPA levels increased after 6 months of n-3 FA treatment. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained before and after the trial. Analysis of the culture medium of PBMCs incubated with amyloid-β 1-40 showed unchanged levels of the SPMs lipoxin A4 and resolvin D1 in the group supplemented with n-3 FAs, whereas a decrease was seen in the placebo group. The changes in SPMs showed correspondence to cognitive changes. Changes in the levels of SPMs were positively correlated to changes in transthyretin. We conclude that supplementation with n-3 PUFAs for 6 months prevented a reduction in SPMs released from PBMCs of AD patients, which was associated with changes in cognitive function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 57, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200025, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: xiuzhe.wang@ki.se.
authors.forename: Xiuzhe
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 57, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hjorth
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-141 57, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Inger
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Vedin
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 57, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eriksdotter
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 57, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Yvonne
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Freund-Levi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 57, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Lars-Olof
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Wahlund
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Tommy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cederholm
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-141 57, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Palmblad
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 57, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schultzberg
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6 / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C000593264:amyloid beta-protein (10-40)
keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; amyloid β; clinical trials; docosahexaenoic acid; fatty acid; fish oil; inflammation; lipoxin; nutrition; peripheral blood mononuclear cell; resolvin