title: [The stem cell niche in glioblastoma: from fundamental aspects to targeted therapies].
abstract: The concept of cancer stem cell (CSC) was established from models of leukemogenesis explaining tumor repopulation by the clonogenic properties of this specific population of tumoral cells. Among solid tumors, glioblastoma are currently the most documented models. Cancer stem cells reside in specific locations within tumors called niches. Anatomically, two complementary niches have been described in glioblastoma. The first one is a perivascular niche composed of vessels (endothelial cells, pericytes) and their microenvironment (integrins, interleukins) constitutive the nest of "normal" neural stem cells and cancer stem cells. The second one is a hypoxic niche found in regions with low oxygen tension such as the core of the tumor. In these niches, mutual interactions between CSC and their microenvironment involving the activation of multiple signaling pathways promote stemness maintenance and tumor propagation. The median overall survival of glioblastoma does not exceed 15 months despite an aggressive multimodal treatment, thus the therapeutic targeting of these niches, by systemic agents or radiotherapy, in order to inhibit the signaling pathways involved in the maintenance of the CSC niches, represents a major challenge. The combination of these two strategies appears promising and many clinical trials are underway.
authors.affiliation: CHRU de Lille, hôpital Claude-Huriez, service d'oncologie médicale, rue Michel-Polonovski, 59037 Lille, France; Institut de biologie de Lille, CNRS-UMR8161, 1, rue du Professeur-Calmette, 59021 Lille cedex, France. Electronic address: turpin.anth@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Turpin
authors.affiliation: Université du droit et de la santé - Lille II, faculté de médecine, centre de recherche Jean-Pierre-Aubert, Inserm U837, place de Verdun, 59045 Lille cedex, France.
authors.forename: Ariane
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharif
authors.affiliation: CHRU de Lille, hôpital Albert-Calmette, service de pneumologie et oncologie thoracique, boulevard du Professeur-Jules-Leclercq, 59037 Lille, France; Institut de biologie de Lille, CNRS-UMR8161, 1, rue du Professeur-Calmette, 59021 Lille cedex, France.
authors.forename: Luc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Stoven
authors.affiliation: CHRU de Lille, hôpital Roger-Salengro, service de neurochirurgie et de neuro-oncologie, rue Émile-Laine, 59037 Lille, France.
authors.forename: Serge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Blond
authors.affiliation: Université du droit et de la santé - Lille II, faculté de médecine, centre de recherche Jean-Pierre-Aubert, Inserm U837, place de Verdun, 59045 Lille cedex, France; CHRU de Lille, institut de pathologie, centre de biologie-pathologie génétique, CS 70001, 59037 Lille cedex, France.
authors.forename: Claude-Alain
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Maurage
authors.affiliation: CHRU de Lille, hôpital Roger-Salengro, service de neurochirurgie et de neuro-oncologie, rue Émile-Laine, 59037 Lille, France; Centre Oscar-Lambret, département d'oncologie médicale, 3, rue Frédéric-Combemale, 59020 Lille, France.
authors.forename: Émilie
authors.initials: É
authors.lastname: Le Rhun
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D015687:Cell Hypoxia / Q000502:physiology*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000502:physiology; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000098:blood supply / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D020286:Pericytes / Q000502:physiology; D011836:Radiation Tolerance / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D055153:Stem Cell Niche / Q000502:physiology*; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins
keywords: Cancer stem cells; Cellules souches cancéreuses; Glioblastoma; Glioblastome; Hypoxic niche; Niche hypoxique; Niche périvasculaire; Perivascular niche