title: In crystallo optical spectroscopy (icOS) as a complementary tool on the macromolecular crystallography beamlines of the ESRF.
abstract: The analysis of structural data obtained by X-ray crystallography benefits from information obtained from complementary techniques, especially as applied to the crystals themselves. As a consequence, optical spectroscopies in structural biology have become instrumental in assessing the relevance and context of many crystallographic results. Since the year 2000, it has been possible to record such data adjacent to, or directly on, the Structural Biology Group beamlines of the ESRF. A core laboratory featuring various spectrometers, named the Cryobench, is now in its third version and houses portable devices that can be directly mounted on beamlines. This paper reports the current status of the Cryobench, which is now located on the MAD beamline ID29 and is thus called the ID29S-Cryobench (where S stands for `spectroscopy'). It also reviews the diverse experiments that can be performed at the Cryobench, highlighting the various scientific questions that can be addressed.
authors.affiliation: European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, F-38043 Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: von Stetten
authors.affiliation: European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, F-38043 Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Giraud
authors.affiliation: European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, F-38043 Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Carpentier
authors.affiliation: European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, F-38043 Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Franc
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sever
authors.affiliation: Université Grenoble Alpes, IBS, F-38044 Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Maxime
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Terrien
authors.affiliation: European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, F-38043 Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Fabien
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dobias
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Whitman College, Walla Walla, WA 99362, USA.
authors.forename: Douglas H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Juers
authors.affiliation: European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, F-38043 Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Flot
authors.affiliation: European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, F-38043 Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mueller-Dieckmann
authors.affiliation: European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, F-38043 Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Gordon A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Leonard
authors.affiliation: European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, F-38043 Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: de Sanctis
authors.affiliation: European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, F-38043 Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Antoine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Royant
mesh_terms: D003116:Color; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry; D046911:Macromolecular Substances / Q000737:chemistry*; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet / Q000379:methods*; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D011506:Proteins; D004247:DNA
keywords: Cryobench; Raman spectroscopy; UV-visible light absorption spectroscopy; fluorescence spectroscopy; in crystallo optical spectroscopy