title: Progress of new label-free techniques for biosensors: a review.
abstract: The detection techniques used in biosensors can be broadly classified into label-based and label-free. Label-based detection relies on the specific properties of labels for detecting a particular target. In contrast, label-free detection is suitable for the target molecules that are not labeled or the screening of analytes which are not easy to tag. Also, more types of label-free biosensors have emerged with developments in biotechnology. The latest developed techniques in label-free biosensors, such as field-effect transistors-based biosensors including carbon nanotube field-effect transistor biosensors, graphene field-effect transistor biosensors and silicon nanowire field-effect transistor biosensors, magnetoelastic biosensors, optical-based biosensors, surface stress-based biosensors and other type of biosensors based on the nanotechnology are discussed. The sensing principles, configurations, sensing performance, applications, advantages and restriction of different label-free based biosensors are considered and discussed in this review. Most concepts included in this survey could certainly be applied to the development of this kind of biosensor in the future.
authors.affiliation: a MicroNano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education & College of Information Engineering , Taiyuan University of Technology , Taiyuan , Shanxi , China .
authors.forename: Shengbo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sang
authors.affiliation: a MicroNano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education & College of Information Engineering , Taiyuan University of Technology , Taiyuan , Shanxi , China .
authors.forename: Yajun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: a MicroNano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education & College of Information Engineering , Taiyuan University of Technology , Taiyuan , Shanxi , China .
authors.forename: Qiliang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: a MicroNano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education & College of Information Engineering , Taiyuan University of Technology , Taiyuan , Shanxi , China .|b School of Chemistry, Physics and mechanical Engineering , Queensland University of Technology , Brisbane , QLD , Australia , and.
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: a MicroNano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education & College of Information Engineering , Taiyuan University of Technology , Taiyuan , Shanxi , China .|c MEMS Laboratory, Department of Precision Instruments and Mechanolog , Tsinghua University , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Jianlong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: a MicroNano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education & College of Information Engineering , Taiyuan University of Technology , Taiyuan , Shanxi , China .
authors.forename: Wendong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D049329:Nanostructures; D036103:Nanotechnology
keywords: Biosensor; field-effect transistors; label-free; magnetoelastic; nanocomposite; optical; surface stress