title: Physical activity in physical education: are longer lessons better?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to compare physical activity (PA) outcomes in a sample of high school (HS) physical education (PE) lessons from schools that adopted traditional versus modified block schedule formats.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used the System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time (SOFIT) to conduct observations of 168 HS PE lessons delivered by 22 PE teachers in 4 schools. T-tests and multilevel models were used to explore variability in moderate PA and vigorous PA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PA outcomes were significantly different between modified block and traditional schools. Students who attended traditional schools engaged in more vigorous PA in PE lessons. Modified block lessons lost more scheduled lesson time due to poor transition to and from the locker room. PA outcomes were positively associated with fitness and teacher promotion of PA and negatively associated with lost time, class size, management, and knowledge.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although PE proponents widely advocate for more PE minutes, this study showed that greater time scheduled in PE does not necessarily result in more student accrual of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) minutes.
authors.affiliation: Rocky Mountain Prevention Research Center, School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver, 13001 East 17th Place, Aurora, CO 80045. Nicole.J.Smith@ucdenver.edu.
authors.forename: Nicole J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Shannon M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Monnat
authors.forename: Monica A F
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lounsbery
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002140:California; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology; D005178:Faculty; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology; D055361:Multilevel Analysis; D010806:Physical Education and Training / Q000379:methods* / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012574:Schools; D013334:Students / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: MVPA; SOFIT; physical activity; physical education