title: Severe drought stress is affecting selected primary metabolites, polyphenols, and volatile metabolites in grapevine leaves (Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir).
abstract: Extreme weather conditions with prolonged dry periods and high temperatures as well as heavy rain events can severely influence grapevine physiology and grape quality. The present study evaluates the effects of severe drought stress on selected primary metabolites, polyphenols and volatile metabolites in grapevine leaves. Among the 11 primary metabolites, 13 polyphenols and 95 volatiles which were analyzed, a significant discrimination between control and stressed plants of 7 primary metabolites, 11 polyphenols and 46 volatile metabolites was observed. As single parameters are usually not specific enough for the discrimination of control and stressed plants, an unsupervised (PCA) and a supervised (PLS-DA) multivariate approach were applied to combine results from different metabolic groups. In a first step a selection of five metabolites, namely citric acid, glyceric acid, ribose, phenylacetaldehyde and 2-methylbutanal were used to establish a calibration model using PLS regression to predict the leaf water potential. The model was strong enough to assign a high number of plants correctly with a correlation of 0.83. The PLS-DA provides an interesting approach to combine data sets and to provide tools for the specific evaluation of physiological plant stresses.
authors.affiliation: Division of Viticulture and Pomology, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenz Str. 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria. Electronic address: michaela.griesser@boku.ac.at.
authors.forename: Michaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Griesser
authors.affiliation: Center for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenz Str. 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria.
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Weingart
authors.affiliation: Division of Viticulture and Pomology, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenz Str. 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria.
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schoedl-Hummel
authors.affiliation: Center for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenz Str. 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria.
authors.forename: Nora
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Neumann
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenz Str. 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.affiliation: Departement of Statistics and Probability Theory, Vienna University of Technology, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 7, 1040 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Kurt
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Varmuza
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenz Str. 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria.
authors.forename: Falk
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liebner
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenz Str. 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria.
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schuhmacher
authors.affiliation: Division of Viticulture and Pomology, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenz Str. 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria.
authors.forename: Astrid
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Forneck
mesh_terms: D000079:Acetaldehyde / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D000447:Aldehydes / Q000378:metabolism; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D055864:Droughts; D055442:Metabolome; D008954:Models, Biological; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000378:metabolism*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000378:metabolism*; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000378:metabolism*; D012266:Ribose / Q000378:metabolism; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D027843:Vitis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D014867:Water / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000447:Aldehydes; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D059808:Polyphenols; D014867:Water; D019343:Citric Acid; C547093:2-methylbutanal; D012266:Ribose; D000079:Acetaldehyde; C013192:phenylacetaldehyde
keywords: Chlorophyll fluorescence; Drought stress; HS-SPME-GC-MS; Metabolomics; Vitis vinifera