title: [Estimation on the indirect economic burden of disease-related premature deaths in China, 2012].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the indirect economic burden of disease-related premature deaths in China, 2012.
  
  
  METHODS
  Both human capital approach and friction cost methods were used to compute the indirect economic burden of premature deaths from the following sources: mortality from the national disease surveillance system in 2012, average annual income per capita from the China Statistic Yearbook in 2012, population size from the 2010 China census, and life expectancy in China from the World Health Organization life table.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data from the Human Capital Approach Estimates showed that the indirect economic burden of premature deaths in China was 425.1 billion in 2012, accounting for 8‰ of the GDP. The indirect economic burden of chronic non-communicable diseases associated premature deaths was accounted for the highest proportion(67.1%, 295.4 billion), followed by those of injuries related premature deaths (25.6% , 108.9 billion), infectious diseases, maternal and infants diseases, and malnutrition related deaths (6.4% , 26.9 billion). The top five premature deaths that cause the indirect economic burden were malignancy, cardiovascular diseases, unintentional injuries, intentional injuries, and diseases of the respiratory system. The indirect economic burden of premature deaths mainly occurred in the population of 20-59 year-olds. Under the Friction Cost method, the estimates appeared to be 0.11%-3.49% of the total human capital approach estimates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Premature death caused heavy indirect economic burden in China. Chronic non-communicable diseases and injuries seemed to incur the major disease burden. The indirect economic burden of premature deaths mainly occurred in the working age group.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early-warning on Infectious Disease, Division of Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early-warning on Infectious Disease, Division of Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
authors.forename: Luzhao
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early-warning on Infectious Disease, Division of Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
authors.forename: Yaming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early-warning on Infectious Disease, Division of Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China. Email: yuhj@chinacdc.cn.
authors.forename: Hongjie
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000191:economics / Q000401:mortality; D017281:Cost of Illness; D006801:Humans; D061213:Mortality, Premature; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000191:economics / Q000401:mortality