title: Lower blood pressure and apathy coincide in older persons with poorer functional ability: the Discontinuation of Antihypertensive Treatment in Elderly People (DANTE) Study Leiden.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the association between blood pressure (BP) measures and symptoms of apathy and depression in older adults with various levels of functional ability.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study using baseline data from the Discontinuation of Antihypertensive Treatment in Elderly people (DANTE) Study Leiden.
  
  
  METHODS
  Primary care setting, the Netherlands.
  
  
  METHODS
  Community-dwelling individuals aged 75 and older (N = 430).
  
  
  METHODS
  Systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were measured during home visits. Symptoms of apathy and depression were assessed using the Apathy Scale and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), respectively. Stratified linear regression was performed in participants with better and worse functional ability according to the median of the Groningen Activity Restriction Scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In participants with lower functional ability, each 10-mmHg lower SBP, DBP, and MAP was associated with higher Apathy Scale scores (0.63, 0.92, and 0.94 points, respectively, all P < .005) but not with GDS-15 scores. In participants with higher functional ability, BP measures were not associated with Apathy Scale or GDS-15 scores.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In older participants with poorer functional ability, lower BP was associated with more symptoms of apathy but not depression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Justine E F
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Moonen
authors.forename: Anne Suzanne
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Bertens
authors.forename: Jessica C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Foster-Dingley
authors.forename: Roelof A J
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Smit
authors.forename: Jeroen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van der Grond
authors.forename: Anton J M
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: de Craen
authors.forename: Wouter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: de Ruijter
authors.forename: Roos C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: van der Mast
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D057565:Apathy; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003710:Demography; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents
keywords: apathy; blood pressure; functional ability; older persons