title: M1 and M2: there is no "good" and "bad"-How macrophages promote malignancy-associated features in tumorigenesis.
abstract: We recently identified tumor-associated macrophages from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma sharing pro- and anti-inflammatory characteristics. Already in residence in the setting of chronic pancreatitis, local macrophages confer malignancy-associated features to premalignant pancreatic ductal epithelial cells by both promoting and inhibiting inflammation, either of which can foster malignant conversion. Our findings support the concept that contrasting modes of inflammation can promote tumorigenesis.
authors.affiliation: Group of Inflammatory Carcinogenesis; Institute for Experimental Medicine; UKSH ; Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Ole
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Helm
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery; UKSH Campus Kiel ; Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Janka
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Held-Feindt
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Department of Internal Medicine I; UKSH Campus Kiel ; Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Heiner
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schäfer
authors.affiliation: Group of Inflammatory Carcinogenesis; Institute for Experimental Medicine; UKSH ; Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sebens
keywords: epithelial-mesenchymal transition; inflammation-associated tumorigenesis; macrophages; pancreatic cancer; tumor stroma