title: Hydraulic sinus lift technique in future site development: clinical and histomorphometric analysis of human biopsies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The fluid-dynamic technique is characterized by the hydraulic detachment of the mucosa and simultaneous filling of the sub-Schneiderian space, with a graft material of paste-like consistency.
  
  
  METHODS
  Authors performed 13 future site developments, on as many patients (4 men; 9 women; age 49.46 ± 12.44 years), using a nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite dispersed in an aqueous matrix as graft material. In the second stage, performed at 5.96 ± 1.72 months, 13 implants were placed after harvesting bone biopsies from the regenerated sites. The above samples were subjected to histological and histomorphometric analysis. The histomorphometric results were then compared with the bone density, measured in Hounsfield units.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average percentage of vital bone was of 29.08% ± 14.7%, whereas the bone marrow and graft material were 59.75% ± 11.19% and 11.16% ± 10.88%, respectively. The percentage of vital bone has a significant correlation with the bone density of the recipient site (P = 0.003117). In contrast, the bone marrow (P = 0.08692) and the graft (P = 0.0799) do not show a significant correlation with this parameter.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest the validity of the method in the regeneration of bone volume in the subantral region.
authors.affiliation: *Private Practitioner, Rome, Italy. †Private Practitioner, Rome, Italy. ‡Private Practitioner, Rome, Italy. §Professor and Director, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Mirko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Andreasi Bassi
authors.forename: Michele Antonio
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Confalone
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Carinci
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy; D015519:Bone Density; D003757:Dental Implantation / Q000379:methods; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017886:Durapatite / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000473:pathology; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D059546:Sinus Floor Augmentation / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003764:Dental Materials; D017886:Durapatite