title: Ag5IO6: novel antibiofilm activity of a silver compound with application to medical devices.
abstract: This work explores the unique antibiofilm activity of pentasilver hexaoxoiodate (Ag(5)IO(6)). To test this activity, wound dressings were impregnated with Ag(5)IO(6) and compared with various commercially available silver-containing dressings, as well as dressings containing chlorhexidine, iodine and polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB). The materials were tested against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans for their ability to prevent micro-organism adherence, eliminate planktonic micro-organisms and disrupt/eliminate mature biofilms generated using the MBEC™ assay within 24 h of microbial exposure. Only the Ag(5)IO(6)-containing dressings were able to prevent adherence and eliminate surrounding planktonic micro-organisms for all species tested for ≥28 days of elution with log reductions >4. Two other silver dressings succeeded against P. aeruginosa only after 28 elution days, whilst the PHMB dressing succeeded after 28 days of elution against C. albicans only. Ag(5)IO(6)-containing dressings were able to generate >4 log reductions against all biofilms tested. The only commercial dressings able to generate >4 log reductions against biofilms were iodine against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus, and PHMB against S. aureus. The Ag(5)IO(6) dressings demonstrated complete kill (>4 log reduction) in a standard 30-min planktonic log reduction assay against all species. These results demonstrate that Ag(5)IO(6) has superior activity to a number of antimicrobials, with broad-spectrum efficacy that includes long-term prevention of microbial adherence, rapid kill of planktonic micro-organisms, and the ability to disrupt and eliminate mature biofilms. Thus, Ag(5)IO(6) may be a valuable antimicrobial agent for use in a number of medical device applications, including wound dressings, various catheters or implants.
authors.affiliation: Innovotech, Inc., Suite 101, 2011 94 Street, Edmonton, Alberta T6N 1H1, Canada.
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Incani
authors.affiliation: Innovotech, Inc., Suite 101, 2011 94 Street, Edmonton, Alberta T6N 1H1, Canada.
authors.forename: Amin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Omar
authors.affiliation: Innovotech, Inc., Suite 101, 2011 94 Street, Edmonton, Alberta T6N 1H1, Canada; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, 7th Floor Electrical & Computer Engineering Research Facility (ECERF), 9107 116 Street, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2V4, Canada.
authors.forename: Graeme
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Prosperi-Porta
authors.affiliation: Innovotech, Inc., Suite 101, 2011 94 Street, Edmonton, Alberta T6N 1H1, Canada. Electronic address: patricia.nadworny@innovotech.ca.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nadworny
mesh_terms: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004864:Equipment and Supplies / Q000382:microbiology*; D050296:Microbial Viability / Q000187:drug effects; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D004202:Disinfectants
keywords: Anti-adherence; Anti-biofilm; Infection; Medical device; Nanostructure; Silver periodate