title: Immunohistochemical detection of intrathrombotic IL-6 and its application to thrombus age estimation.
abstract: We immunohistochemically examined intrathrombotic IL-6 expression using a murine model of deep vein thrombosis induced by the ligation of the inferior vena cava (IVC) and discussed the availability of intrathrombotic IL-6 for thrombus age estimation. IL-6(+) cells could be first detected at 1 day after IVC ligation in three of five samples, and all samples with postligation intervals of 3 days or more had intrathrombotic IL-6(+) cells. Thereafter, the numbers of IL-6(+) cells were elevated with the increase of postligation intervals. Double-color immunofluorescence analyses demonstrated that IL-6 was mainly expressed by intrathrombotic macrophages. In all samples with postligation intervals of 5 days or less, the IL-6/macrophage ratio (IL-6/Mϕ) was <0.5. In contrast, the IL-6/Mϕ was greater than 0.5 at ≥7 days after the IVC ligation. These observations implied that IL-6/Mϕ ratios of >0.5 would strongly indicate thrombus ages of ≥7 days. Reciprocally, the ratios of less than 0.5 would suggest thrombus ages of ≤5 days. The present study demonstrated that the immunohistochemical detection of IL-6 was suitable to estimate the age of venous thrombi.
authors.affiliation: Department of Forensic Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan.
authors.forename: Mizuho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nosaka
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Mizuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hama
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawaguchi
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Yumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kuninaka
authors.forename: Emi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Toshikazu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kondo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049429:Forensic Pathology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism*; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D023421:Models, Animal; D013997:Time Factors; D014682:Vena Cava, Inferior; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6