title: 3D-resolved targeting of photodynamic therapy using temporal focusing.
abstract: A method for selectively inducing apoptosis in tumor nodules is presented, with close-to-cellular level resolution, using 3D-resolved widefield temporal focusing illumination. Treatment times on the order of seconds were achieved using Verteporfin as the photosensitizer, with doses of 30μg ml-1and below. Results were achieved on both 2D and 3D cell cultures, demonstrating that treatment was possible through approximately one hundred microns of dense tumor nodules.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Rowlands
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Jackie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Sebastien G M
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Uzel
authors.affiliation: Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.affiliation: Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Conor L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA ; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Peter T C
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: So
keywords: cancer; photodynamic therapy; temporal focusing; ultrafast amplifier