title: Extent of late gadolinium enhancement at right ventricular insertion points in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: relation with diastolic dysfunction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our aim was to examine the association between the extent of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) at right ventricular insertion points (RVIP) and left ventricular (LV) functional parameters in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-one HCM patients underwent echocardiography and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) within one week. Mitral annular velocities (E/E') were obtained from echocardiography; LV ejection fraction (EF), LV mass index, LV wall maximal thickness, and left atrial volume index (LAVI) were obtained from MR. LGE extent was quantified (proportion of total LV myocardial mass) according to location: % RVIP-LGE and % non-RVIP-LGE.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although LGE was commonly present in both apical (74 %) and non-apical HCMs (88 %) (p = 0.163), RVIP-LGE was more frequent (86 % vs. 47 %, p = 0.002) in non-apical HCMs in which E/E' was significantly higher (19.23 ± 8.40 vs. 13.13 ± 5.06, p = 0.009). In addition, RVIP-LGE extent was associated with LV diastolic dysfunction (r = 0.45, p < 0.001 for E/E'; r = 0.53, p < 0.001 for LAVI) and lower LVEF (r = -0.42, p = 0.001). There was no correlation between non-RVIP-LGE extent and other parameters. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed RVIP-LGE extent as an independent predictor of E/E' (β = 0.45, p < 0.001) and LAVI in HCM patients (β = 0.53, p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The extent of LGE at RVIPs in HCM patients is associated with increased estimated LV filling pressure and chronic diastolic burden.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  • Late gadolinium enhancement at RV insertion points is frequently seen in HCM. • RVIP-LGE extent is correlated with increased estimated LV filling pressure in HCM. • Non-RVIP-LGE extent did not show any association with LV diastolic dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 28 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul, 110-744, Korea.
authors.forename: Yinsu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Eun-Ah
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Whal
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hyung-Kwan
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ajung
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Jin Wook
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Jae Hyung
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002312:Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003287:Contrast Media; D003971:Diastole; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D005682:Gadolinium; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D005682:Gadolinium; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA