title: Physical and psychological work demands as potential risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders among workers in weaving operations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The study was undertaken to examine the relationship between perceived physical and psychological work demands and self reported musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among workers involved in weaving operations.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Nordic Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire and Work Demands Scale, developed and standardized for the present investigation were the tools for data collection. Chi square test was used to assess univariate associations between work demands and reported MSDs. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed for each of the outcome MSD retaining the variables in the model to adjust for potential confounding.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Women were significantly more affected than men in shoulders, wrists/hands, upper back, lower back, and ankle/feet. Perceived physical and psychological demands were significantly associated with MSDs of different body regions. Pulling, pushing, moving, lifting and lowering heavy objects, working while bent or twisted at the waist, and repetitive motions with hands/wrists were the main physical factors retained in the regression models with odds ratios greater than 2. Conflicting demands, work is not remunerative, and no sufficient time to get the job done were the main psychological factors retained in the regression models with odds ratios greater than 1.68. Gender was found to be a significant factor for shoulders, wrists/hands, lower back, and ankles/feet with odds ratios ranging from 1.71 to 2.14. MSDs occurrence was more probable in the mentioned regions among women as compared to men. Both physical and psychological work demands in the work environment were contributing factors for developing MSDs among workers involved in weaving operations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Resource Management and Consumer Sciences, College of Home Science, Acharya N.G Ranga Agricultural University, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Neeraja
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Telaprolu
authors.affiliation: Professor Emeritus, Faculty of Home Science, Acharya N.G Ranga Agricultural University, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Sharada Devi
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Anne
keywords: Musculoskeletal disorders; physical work demands; psychological work demands; weaving operations