title: Italian standardization of the Apples Cancellation Test.
abstract: Hemispatial neglect due to right parieto-temporo-frontal lesions has a negative impact on the success of rehabilitation, resulting in poor functional gain. Recent research has shown that different types of neglect can impact in a different way on rehabilitation outcomes. The availability of a sensitive test, useful for distinguishing egocentric and allocentric forms of neglect, may be clinically important as all current clinical instruments fail to distinguish between these forms of disturbance, yet they differentially predict outcome. The Apples Test is a new instrument useful to evaluate both egocentric and allocentric forms of neglect. In order to establish Italian norms for this diagnostic instrument the test was administered to a sample of 412 healthy people of both genders (201 M and 211 F), aged from 20 to 80 years enrolled from 14 different rehabilitation centers in Italy. Based on the data, we established pathological performance cut-offs for the accuracy score (total omission errors), the asymmetry score for egocentric neglect (omission error difference), the asymmetry score for allocentric neglect (commission error difference) and execution time. The usefulness of the Apples Test for diagnostic purposes is illustrated by presenting three patients with different forms of neglect (egocentric, allocentric and mixed neglect).
authors.affiliation: Neurological Rehabilitation Unit, USL 9 Grosseto, Grosseto, Italy, m.mancuso62@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mancuso
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rosadoni
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Capitani
authors.forename: W L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Bickerton
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Humphreys
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: De Tanti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zampolini
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Galardi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Caputo
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: De Pellegrin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Angelini
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bartalini
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bartolo
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Carboncini
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gemignani
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Spaccavento
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cantagallo
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zoccolotti
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Antonucci
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010468:Perceptual Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D012016:Reference Values; D013028:Space Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D014794:Visual Fields / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult