title: New enveloped dsRNA phage from freshwater habitat.
abstract: Cystoviridae is a family of bacteriophages with a tri-segmented dsRNA genome enclosed in a tri-layered virion structure. Here, we present a new putative member of the Cystoviridae family, bacteriophage ϕNN. ϕNN was isolated from a Finnish lake in contrast to the previously identified cystoviruses, which originate from various legume samples collected in the USA. The nucleotide sequence of the virus reveals a strong genetic similarity (~80 % for the L-segments, ~55 % for the M-segments and ~84 % for the S-segments) to Pseudomonas phage ϕ6, the type member of the virus family. However, the relationship between ϕNN and other cystoviruses is more distant. In general, proteins located in the internal parts of the virion were more conserved than those exposed on the virion surface, a phenomenon previously reported among eukaryotic dsRNA viruses. Structural models of several putative ϕNN proteins propose that cystoviral structures are highly conserved.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
authors.forename: Sari
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mäntynen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
authors.forename: Elina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Laanto
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
authors.forename: Annika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kohvakka
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Minna M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Poranen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
authors.forename: Jaana K H
authors.initials: JKH
authors.lastname: Bamford
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.|Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.|Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
authors.forename: Janne J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Ravantti
mesh_terms: D001435:Bacteriophages / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D017910:Cystoviridae / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005387:Finland; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000821:virology*; D060106:Lakes / Q000821:virology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D011549:Pseudomonas / Q000821:virology; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral