title: Circulating FGF19 and FGF21 surge in early infancy from infra- to supra-adult concentrations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) and 21 (FGF21) have been linked to obesity and type 2 diabetes in adults. We assessed the circulating concentrations of these factors in human neonates and infants, and their association with the endocrine-metabolic changes associated to prenatal growth restraint.
  
  
  METHODS
  Circulating FGF19 and FGF21, selected hormones (insulin, insulin-like growth factor I and high- molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin) and body composition (absorptiometry) were assessed longitudinally in 44 infants born appropriate- (AGA) or small-for-gestational-age (SGA). Measurements were performed at 0, 4 and 12 months in AGA infants; at 0 and 4 months in SGA infants; and cross-sectionally in 11 first-week AGA newborns.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Circulating FGF19 and FGF21 surged >10-fold in early infancy from infra- to supra-adult concentrations, the FGF19 surge appearing slower and more pronounced than the FGF21 surge. Whereas the FGF21 surge was of similar magnitude in AGA and SGA infants, FGF19 induction was significantly reduced in SGA infants. In AGA and SGA infants, cord-blood FGF21 and serum FGF19 at 4 months showed a positive correlation with HMW adiponectin (r=0.49, P=0.013; r=0.43, P=0.019, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that these early FGF19 and FGF21 surges are of a physiological relevance that warrants further delineation and that may extend beyond infancy.
authors.affiliation: 1] Endocrinology Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain [2] Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Infantes
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain [2] Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gallego-Escuredo
authors.affiliation: 1] Endocrinology Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain [2] Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Díaz
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine & Surgery, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Tarragona, Spain.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Aragonés
authors.affiliation: 1] Endocrinology Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain [2] Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sebastiani
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Josep Trueta Hospital, Girona, Spain [2] Girona Institute for Biomedical Research, Girona, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: López-Bermejo
authors.affiliation: Department of Development and Regeneration, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: de Zegher
authors.affiliation: Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Domingo
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain [2] Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Villarroya
authors.affiliation: 1] Endocrinology Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain [2] Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ibáñez
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D000328:Adult; D001823:Body Composition; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D017468:Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: C117476:FGF19 protein, human; D017468:Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor; C414620:fibroblast growth factor 21; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors