title: Ventricular septal defect and double-chambered right ventricle in an alpaca.
abstract: A 20-month-old male alpaca was referred for evaluation of a cardiac murmur evident since birth. Echocardiography identified a ventricular septal defect (VSD) and a fibro-muscular band causing a stenosis of the right ventricular outflow tract. Right ventricular catheterization and selective angiography confirmed the diagnosis of VSD and double-chambered right ventricle with bidirectional shunting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy. Electronic address: helen.poser@unipd.it.
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Poser
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dalla Pria
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy.
authors.forename: Giulia M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: De Benedictis
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy.
authors.forename: Calogero
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stelletta
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy.
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berlanda
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy.
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Guglielmini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002161:Camelids, New World; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000662:veterinary; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000662:veterinary; D006345:Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male
keywords: Cardiac catheterization; Congenital heart disease; Double-chambered right ventricle; Echocardiography; South American camelids