title: Fe/S protein assembly gene IBA57 mutation causes hereditary spastic paraplegia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present the clinical, molecular, and cell biological findings in a family with an autosomal recessive form of hereditary spastic paraplegia characterized by a combination of spastic paraplegia, optic atrophy, and peripheral neuropathy (SPOAN).
  
  
  METHODS
  We used a combination of whole-genome linkage analysis and exome sequencing to map the disease locus and to identify the responsible gene. To analyze the physiologic consequences of the disease, we used biochemical and cell biological methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ten members of a highly consanguineous family manifested a childhood-onset SPOAN-like phenotype with slow progression into late adulthood. We mapped this disorder to a locus on chromosome 1q and identified a homozygous donor splice-site mutation in the IBA57 gene, previously implicated in 2 infants with lethal perinatal encephalomyopathy. This gene encodes the mitochondrial iron-sulfur (Fe/S) protein assembly factor IBA57. In addition to a severely decreased amount of normal IBA57 messenger RNA, a patient's cells expressed an aberrantly spliced messenger RNA with a premature stop codon. Lymphoblasts contained 10-fold-lower levels of wild-type, but no signs of truncated IBA57 protein. The decrease in functional IBA57 resulted in reduced levels and activities of several mitochondrial [4Fe-4S] proteins, including complexes I and II, while mitochondrial [2Fe-2S] proteins remained normal.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings reinforce the suggested specific function of IBA57 in mitochondrial [4Fe-4S] protein maturation and provide additional evidence for its role in human disease. The less decreased IBA57 protein level in this family explains phenotypic differences compared with the previously described lethal encephalomyopathy with no functional IBA57.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Neurology and Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics (A.L., P.P.), Department of Genetics and Metabolic Diseases (B.-E.Z., M.A., L.C., R.S., I.L., V.M.), Neuro-Ophthalmology Center, Department of Ophthalmology (S.D.), and Department of Radiology (J.M.G.), Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Institut für Zytobiologie und Zytopathologie (C.S., R.L.), Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany; Laboratoire de Neurogénétique (G.S., M.G.), Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes-heSam Universite, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris; Inserm U1127 (G.S., M.G., E.M., A.B.), CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR_1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, ICM, Paris; APHP (G.S., A.B.), Fédération de Génétique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (G.S., E.M., A.B.), Genotyping and Sequencing Facility, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (A.M.), Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie (R.L.), Marburg; and LOEWE Zentrum für Synthetische Mikrobiologie SynMikro (R.L.), Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lossos
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Neurology and Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics (A.L., P.P.), Department of Genetics and Metabolic Diseases (B.-E.Z., M.A., L.C., R.S., I.L., V.M.), Neuro-Ophthalmology Center, Department of Ophthalmology (S.D.), and Department of Radiology (J.M.G.), Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Institut für Zytobiologie und Zytopathologie (C.S., R.L.), Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany; Laboratoire de Neurogénétique (G.S., M.G.), Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes-heSam Universite, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris; Inserm U1127 (G.S., M.G., E.M., A.B.), CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR_1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, ICM, Paris; APHP (G.S., A.B.), Fédération de Génétique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (G.S., E.M., A.B.), Genotyping and Sequencing Facility, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (A.M.), Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie (R.L.), Marburg; and LOEWE Zentrum für Synthetische Mikrobiologie SynMikro (R.L.), Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stümpfig
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Neurology and Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics (A.L., P.P.), Department of Genetics and Metabolic Diseases (B.-E.Z., M.A., L.C., R.S., I.L., V.M.), Neuro-Ophthalmology Center, Department of Ophthalmology (S.D.), and Department of Radiology (J.M.G.), Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Institut für Zytobiologie und Zytopathologie (C.S., R.L.), Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany; Laboratoire de Neurogénétique (G.S., M.G.), Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes-heSam Universite, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris; Inserm U1127 (G.S., M.G., E.M., A.B.), CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR_1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, ICM, Paris; APHP (G.S., A.B.), Fédération de Génétique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (G.S., E.M., A.B.), Genotyping and Sequencing Facility, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (A.M.), Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie (R.L.), Marburg; and LOEWE Zentrum für Synthetische Mikrobiologie SynMikro (R.L.), Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Stevanin
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Neurology and Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics (A.L., P.P.), Department of Genetics and Metabolic Diseases (B.-E.Z., M.A., L.C., R.S., I.L., V.M.), Neuro-Ophthalmology Center, Department of Ophthalmology (S.D.), and Department of Radiology (J.M.G.), Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Institut für Zytobiologie und Zytopathologie (C.S., R.L.), Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany; Laboratoire de Neurogénétique (G.S., M.G.), Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes-heSam Universite, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris; Inserm U1127 (G.S., M.G., E.M., A.B.), CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR_1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, ICM, Paris; APHP (G.S., A.B.), Fédération de Génétique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (G.S., E.M., A.B.), Genotyping and Sequencing Facility, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (A.M.), Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie (R.L.), Marburg; and LOEWE Zentrum für Synthetische Mikrobiologie SynMikro (R.L.), Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Marion
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gaussen
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Neurology and Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics (A.L., P.P.), Department of Genetics and Metabolic Diseases (B.-E.Z., M.A., L.C., R.S., I.L., V.M.), Neuro-Ophthalmology Center, Department of Ophthalmology (S.D.), and Department of Radiology (J.M.G.), Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Institut für Zytobiologie und Zytopathologie (C.S., R.L.), Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany; Laboratoire de Neurogénétique (G.S., M.G.), Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes-heSam Universite, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris; Inserm U1127 (G.S., M.G., E.M., A.B.), CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR_1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, ICM, Paris; APHP (G.S., A.B.), Fédération de Génétique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (G.S., E.M., A.B.), Genotyping and Sequencing Facility, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (A.M.), Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie (R.L.), Marburg; and LOEWE Zentrum für Synthetische Mikrobiologie SynMikro (R.L.), Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Bat-El
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Zimmerman
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Neurology and Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics (A.L., P.P.), Department of Genetics and Metabolic Diseases (B.-E.Z., M.A., L.C., R.S., I.L., V.M.), Neuro-Ophthalmology Center, Department of Ophthalmology (S.D.), and Department of Radiology (J.M.G.), Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Institut für Zytobiologie und Zytopathologie (C.S., R.L.), Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany; Laboratoire de Neurogénétique (G.S., M.G.), Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes-heSam Universite, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris; Inserm U1127 (G.S., M.G., E.M., A.B.), CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR_1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, ICM, Paris; APHP (G.S., A.B.), Fédération de Génétique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (G.S., E.M., A.B.), Genotyping and Sequencing Facility, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (A.M.), Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie (R.L.), Marburg; and LOEWE Zentrum für Synthetische Mikrobiologie SynMikro (R.L.), Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Emeline
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mundwiller
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Neurology and Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics (A.L., P.P.), Department of Genetics and Metabolic Diseases (B.-E.Z., M.A., L.C., R.S., I.L., V.M.), Neuro-Ophthalmology Center, Department of Ophthalmology (S.D.), and Department of Radiology (J.M.G.), Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Institut für Zytobiologie und Zytopathologie (C.S., R.L.), Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany; Laboratoire de Neurogénétique (G.S., M.G.), Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes-heSam Universite, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris; Inserm U1127 (G.S., M.G., E.M., A.B.), CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR_1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, ICM, Paris; APHP (G.S., A.B.), Fédération de Génétique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (G.S., E.M., A.B.), Genotyping and Sequencing Facility, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (A.M.), Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie (R.L.), Marburg; and LOEWE Zentrum für Synthetische Mikrobiologie SynMikro (R.L.), Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Moriya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Asulin
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Neurology and Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics (A.L., P.P.), Department of Genetics and Metabolic Diseases (B.-E.Z., M.A., L.C., R.S., I.L., V.M.), Neuro-Ophthalmology Center, Department of Ophthalmology (S.D.), and Department of Radiology (J.M.G.), Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Institut für Zytobiologie und Zytopathologie (C.S., R.L.), Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany; Laboratoire de Neurogénétique (G.S., M.G.), Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes-heSam Universite, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris; Inserm U1127 (G.S., M.G., E.M., A.B.), CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR_1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, ICM, Paris; APHP (G.S., A.B.), Fédération de Génétique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (G.S., E.M., A.B.), Genotyping and Sequencing Facility, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (A.M.), Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie (R.L.), Marburg; and LOEWE Zentrum für Synthetische Mikrobiologie SynMikro (R.L.), Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Liat
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chamma
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Neurology and Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics (A.L., P.P.), Department of Genetics and Metabolic Diseases (B.-E.Z., M.A., L.C., R.S., I.L., V.M.), Neuro-Ophthalmology Center, Department of Ophthalmology (S.D.), and Department of Radiology (J.M.G.), Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Institut für Zytobiologie und Zytopathologie (C.S., R.L.), Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany; Laboratoire de Neurogénétique (G.S., M.G.), Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes-heSam Universite, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris; Inserm U1127 (G.S., M.G., E.M., A.B.), CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR_1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, ICM, Paris; APHP (G.S., A.B.), Fédération de Génétique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (G.S., E.M., A.B.), Genotyping and Sequencing Facility, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (A.M.), Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie (R.L.), Marburg; and LOEWE Zentrum für Synthetische Mikrobiologie SynMikro (R.L.), Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sheffer
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Neurology and Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics (A.L., P.P.), Department of Genetics and Metabolic Diseases (B.-E.Z., M.A., L.C., R.S., I.L., V.M.), Neuro-Ophthalmology Center, Department of Ophthalmology (S.D.), and Department of Radiology (J.M.G.), Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Institut für Zytobiologie und Zytopathologie (C.S., R.L.), Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany; Laboratoire de Neurogénétique (G.S., M.G.), Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes-heSam Universite, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris; Inserm U1127 (G.S., M.G., E.M., A.B.), CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR_1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, ICM, Paris; APHP (G.S., A.B.), Fédération de Génétique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (G.S., E.M., A.B.), Genotyping and Sequencing Facility, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (A.M.), Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie (R.L.), Marburg; and LOEWE Zentrum für Synthetische Mikrobiologie SynMikro (R.L.), Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Adel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Misk
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Neurology and Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics (A.L., P.P.), Department of Genetics and Metabolic Diseases (B.-E.Z., M.A., L.C., R.S., I.L., V.M.), Neuro-Ophthalmology Center, Department of Ophthalmology (S.D.), and Department of Radiology (J.M.G.), Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Institut für Zytobiologie und Zytopathologie (C.S., R.L.), Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany; Laboratoire de Neurogénétique (G.S., M.G.), Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes-heSam Universite, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris; Inserm U1127 (G.S., M.G., E.M., A.B.), CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR_1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, ICM, Paris; APHP (G.S., A.B.), Fédération de Génétique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (G.S., E.M., A.B.), Genotyping and Sequencing Facility, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (A.M.), Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie (R.L.), Marburg; and LOEWE Zentrum für Synthetische Mikrobiologie SynMikro (R.L.), Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Shlomo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dotan
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Neurology and Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics (A.L., P.P.), Department of Genetics and Metabolic Diseases (B.-E.Z., M.A., L.C., R.S., I.L., V.M.), Neuro-Ophthalmology Center, Department of Ophthalmology (S.D.), and Department of Radiology (J.M.G.), Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Institut für Zytobiologie und Zytopathologie (C.S., R.L.), Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany; Laboratoire de Neurogénétique (G.S., M.G.), Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes-heSam Universite, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris; Inserm U1127 (G.S., M.G., E.M., A.B.), CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR_1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, ICM, Paris; APHP (G.S., A.B.), Fédération de Génétique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (G.S., E.M., A.B.), Genotyping and Sequencing Facility, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (A.M.), Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie (R.L.), Marburg; and LOEWE Zentrum für Synthetische Mikrobiologie SynMikro (R.L.), Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gomori
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Neurology and Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics (A.L., P.P.), Department of Genetics and Metabolic Diseases (B.-E.Z., M.A., L.C., R.S., I.L., V.M.), Neuro-Ophthalmology Center, Department of Ophthalmology (S.D.), and Department of Radiology (J.M.G.), Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Institut für Zytobiologie und Zytopathologie (C.S., R.L.), Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany; Laboratoire de Neurogénétique (G.S., M.G.), Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes-heSam Universite, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris; Inserm U1127 (G.S., M.G., E.M., A.B.), CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR_1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, ICM, Paris; APHP (G.S., A.B.), Fédération de Génétique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (G.S., E.M., A.B.), Genotyping and Sequencing Facility, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (A.M.), Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie (R.L.), Marburg; and LOEWE Zentrum für Synthetische Mikrobiologie SynMikro (R.L.), Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Penina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ponger
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Neurology and Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics (A.L., P.P.), Department of Genetics and Metabolic Diseases (B.-E.Z., M.A., L.C., R.S., I.L., V.M.), Neuro-Ophthalmology Center, Department of Ophthalmology (S.D.), and Department of Radiology (J.M.G.), Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Institut für Zytobiologie und Zytopathologie (C.S., R.L.), Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany; Laboratoire de Neurogénétique (G.S., M.G.), Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes-heSam Universite, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris; Inserm U1127 (G.S., M.G., E.M., A.B.), CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR_1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, ICM, Paris; APHP (G.S., A.B.), Fédération de Génétique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (G.S., E.M., A.B.), Genotyping and Sequencing Facility, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (A.M.), Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie (R.L.), Marburg; and LOEWE Zentrum für Synthetische Mikrobiologie SynMikro (R.L.), Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Alexis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brice
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Neurology and Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics (A.L., P.P.), Department of Genetics and Metabolic Diseases (B.-E.Z., M.A., L.C., R.S., I.L., V.M.), Neuro-Ophthalmology Center, Department of Ophthalmology (S.D.), and Department of Radiology (J.M.G.), Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Institut für Zytobiologie und Zytopathologie (C.S., R.L.), Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany; Laboratoire de Neurogénétique (G.S., M.G.), Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes-heSam Universite, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris; Inserm U1127 (G.S., M.G., E.M., A.B.), CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR_1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, ICM, Paris; APHP (G.S., A.B.), Fédération de Génétique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (G.S., E.M., A.B.), Genotyping and Sequencing Facility, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (A.M.), Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie (R.L.), Marburg; and LOEWE Zentrum für Synthetische Mikrobiologie SynMikro (R.L.), Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Israela
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lerer
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Neurology and Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics (A.L., P.P.), Department of Genetics and Metabolic Diseases (B.-E.Z., M.A., L.C., R.S., I.L., V.M.), Neuro-Ophthalmology Center, Department of Ophthalmology (S.D.), and Department of Radiology (J.M.G.), Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Institut für Zytobiologie und Zytopathologie (C.S., R.L.), Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany; Laboratoire de Neurogénétique (G.S., M.G.), Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes-heSam Universite, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris; Inserm U1127 (G.S., M.G., E.M., A.B.), CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR_1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, ICM, Paris; APHP (G.S., A.B.), Fédération de Génétique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (G.S., E.M., A.B.), Genotyping and Sequencing Facility, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (A.M.), Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie (R.L.), Marburg; and LOEWE Zentrum für Synthetische Mikrobiologie SynMikro (R.L.), Marburg, Germany. vmeiner@hadassah.org.il lill@staff.uni-marburg.de.
authors.forename: Vardiella
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Meiner
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Neurology and Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics (A.L., P.P.), Department of Genetics and Metabolic Diseases (B.-E.Z., M.A., L.C., R.S., I.L., V.M.), Neuro-Ophthalmology Center, Department of Ophthalmology (S.D.), and Department of Radiology (J.M.G.), Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Institut für Zytobiologie und Zytopathologie (C.S., R.L.), Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany; Laboratoire de Neurogénétique (G.S., M.G.), Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes-heSam Universite, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris; Inserm U1127 (G.S., M.G., E.M., A.B.), CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR_1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, ICM, Paris; APHP (G.S., A.B.), Fédération de Génétique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (G.S., E.M., A.B.), Genotyping and Sequencing Facility, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (A.M.), Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie (R.L.), Marburg; and LOEWE Zentrum für Synthetische Mikrobiologie SynMikro (R.L.), Marburg, Germany. vmeiner@hadassah.org.il lill@staff.uni-marburg.de.
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lill
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D008040:Genetic Linkage; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation; D010375:Pedigree; D010641:Phenotype; D012326:RNA Splicing / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D015419:Spastic Paraplegia, Hereditary / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; C585465:IBA57 protein, human; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger