title: Pharmacogenetics of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.
abstract: Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is associated with distressing adverse effects observed in patients during cytotoxic chemotherapy. One of the potential factors explaining suboptimal response to currently used antiemetics is variability in genes encoding enzymes and proteins that play a role in the action of antiemetic drugs. Pharmacogenomics studies of CINV are sparse and focus mainly on polymorphisms associated with serotonin receptor, drug metabolism and drug transport. Currently, the role of pharmacogenetics in mechanisms of CINV has not been fully unraveled, and it is premature to implement results of pharmacogenetic association studies of antiemetic drugs in clinical practice. More uniform studies, with genetic profiles and biomarkers relevant for the proposed target and transporter mechanisms, are needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Perioperative Genomics, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
authors.forename: Shigekazu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sugino
authors.forename: Piotr K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Janicki
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000009:adverse effects; D000818:Animals; D000932:Antiemetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D009325:Nausea / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000235:genetics; D010597:Pharmacogenetics; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D018040:Receptors, Neurokinin-1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D044406:Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT3 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D014839:Vomiting / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000932:Antiemetics; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D018040:Receptors, Neurokinin-1; D044406:Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT3; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
keywords: 5-HT3 receptor; antiemetics; chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting; cytochrome P450; genetic variants; neurokinin 1 receptor; pharmacogenetics; single nucleotide polymorphism; substance P