title: Diminished serum repetin levels in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
abstract: Repetin (RPTN) protein is a member of S100 family and is known to be expressed in the normal epidermis. Here we show that RPTN is ubiquitously expressed in both mouse and human brain, with relatively high levels in choroid plexus, hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. To investigate the expression of RPTN in neuropsychiatric disorders, we determined serum levels of RPTN in patients with schizophrenia (n = 88) or bipolar disorder (n = 34) and in chronic psychostimulant users (n = 91). We also studied its expression in a mouse model of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). The results showed that serum RPTN levels were significantly diminished in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder or in psychostimulant users, compared with healthy subjects (n = 115) or age-matched controls (n = 92) (p < 0.0001). In CUMS mice, RPTN expression in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex was reduced with progression of the CUMS procedure; the serum RPTN level remained unchanged. Since CUMS is a model for depression and methamphetamine (METH) abuse induced psychosis recapitulates many of the psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia, the results from this study may imply that RPTN plays a potential role in emotional and cognitive processing; its decrease in serum may indicate its involvement in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medicinal Plant Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
authors.forename: Shuai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
authors.forename: Huixun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medicinal Plant Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Chemistry, Xi'an mental health center, Xi'an 710061, China.
authors.forename: Yanjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
authors.forename: Shuiping
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.affiliation: Center for Experimental Morphology, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
authors.forename: Shaoli
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
authors.forename: Chang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
authors.forename: Shucheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: An
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medicinal Plant Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
authors.forename: Bomiao
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ju
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medicinal Plant Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
authors.forename: Chengyuan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medicinal Plant Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
authors.forename: Chanyuan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medicinal Plant Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China.
authors.forename: Zhenjun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27401, USA.
authors.forename: Ethan Will
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medicinal Plant Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
authors.forename: Lijun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000097:blood*; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008875:Middle Aged; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000097:blood*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D009418:S100 Proteins