title: Dexmedetomidine on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats: assessment by means of NGAL and histology.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ischemic acute kidney injury is a common occurrence in the perioperative period and in critical patients admitted to intensive care units. The reestablishment of blood supply may worsen injury through the ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) mechanism. We investigated the effect of dexmedetomidine on the kidneys of rats subjected to an experimental I/R model.
  
  
  METHODS
  34 rats anesthetized with isoflurane was undergone right nephrectomy and randomly assigned to four groups: Control C (saline solution); Dexmedetomidine D (dexmedetomidine); Sham S (saline solution); Sham with Dexmedetomidine SD (dexmedetomidine). The serum levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) were measured at time-points T1 (following stabilization), T2 (ischemia), T3 (reperfusion), T4 (12 h after of I/R). The kidneys were subjected to histological examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The NGAL levels were significantly higher at T4 compared with T1. Upon histological examination, the left kidneys in groups C and D exhibited a similar extent of cell injury.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The levels of NGAL did not indicate either protection against or worsening of kidney injury. Histological examination for acute tubular necrosis showed that dexmedetomidine did not protect the kidneys from I/R.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP, Univ Estadual Paulista , SP , Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Lygia R
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: de Carvalho
authors.forename: Roberto B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Vital
authors.forename: Cláudio M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Kakuda
authors.forename: José R C
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Braz
authors.forename: Yara M M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Castiglia
authors.forename: Leandro G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Braz
authors.forename: Marília P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Módolo
authors.forename: Odilon R G
authors.initials: OR
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.forename: Maria A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Domingues
authors.forename: Norma S P
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Módolo
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D058647:Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D020927:Dexmedetomidine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000473:pathology*; D000071068:Lipocalin-2; D054834:Lipocalins / Q000097:blood*; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D058647:Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; C097278:Lcn2 protein, rat; D000071068:Lipocalin-2; D054834:Lipocalins; D020011:Protective Agents; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D020927:Dexmedetomidine
keywords: Histology; NGAL; ischemia; rat; reperfusion