title: [Validation of EMINA and EVARUCI scales for assessing the risk of developing pressure ulcers in critical patients].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To contribute to the validation of the EMINA and EVAUCI scales for assessing the risk of pressure ulcers in the critical patient and compare their predictive capacity in this same context.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study from December 2012 until June 2013.
  
  
  METHODS
  Polyvalent intensive care unit of 14 beds in a reference hospital for two sanitary areas.
  
  
  METHODS
  patients of 18 years of age or older and without pressure ulcers were included. They were followed until development of a pressure ulcer of grade I or greater, medical discharge, death or 30 days.
  
  
  METHODS
  presence of ulcers, daily score of the risk of developing pressure ulcers through EMINA and EVARUCI evaluation. The validity of both scales was calculated using sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value. The level of significance was P≤0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 189 patients were evaluated. 67.2% were male with a mean age of 59.4 (DE: 16,8) years old, 53 (28%) developed pressure ulcers, being the incidence rate of 41 ulcers per 1000 admission days. The mean day of diagnosis was 7.7 days (DE: 4,4) and the most frequent area was the sacrum. The sensitivity and specificity for the mean of observations was 94.34 (IC95% 87.17-100) and 33.33 (IC95% 25.01-41.66) for the EMINA scale for a risk>10 and 92.45 (IC95% 84.40-100) and 42.96 (IC95% 34.24-51.68) for the EVARUCI scale for a risk of>11.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No differences were found in predictive capacity of both scales. For sensitivities>90%the scales show to be insufficiently specific in the pressure ulcer risk detection in critical patients.
authors.affiliation: Profesora de Enfermería, Universidad Rovira i Virgili, Departamento de Enfermería. Electronic address: alba.roca@urv.cat.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roca-Biosca
authors.affiliation: Doctor en Enfermería, Complejo Hospitalario de Jaén, Unidad de Estrategia de Cuidados, GNEAUPP.
authors.forename: F P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Garcia-Fernandez
authors.affiliation: Doctora en Enfermería, Universidad Rovira i Virgili, Departamento de Enfermería.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chacon-Garcés
authors.affiliation: Profesora de Enfermería, Universidad Rovira i Virgili, Departamento de Enfermería.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rubio-Rico
authors.affiliation: Licenciada en Medicina, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII de Tarragona, Medicina Preventiva y Epidemiologia, Universidad Rovira i Virgili, Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Olona-Cabases
authors.affiliation: Diplomada en Enfermería, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII de Tarragona, Unidad de Acogida Prequirúrgica.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Anguera-Saperas
authors.affiliation: Diplomada en Enfermería, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII de Tarragona, Servicio de Medicina Intensiva.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Garcia-Grau
authors.affiliation: Diplomada en Enfermería, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII de Tarragona, Servicio de Medicina Intensiva.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tuset-Garijo
authors.affiliation: Profesora de Enfermería, Universidad Rovira i Virgili, Departamento de Enfermería.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: de Molina-Fernández
authors.affiliation: Diplomada en Enfermería, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII de Tarragona, Servicio de Medicina Intensiva.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Velasco-Guillen
mesh_terms: D016638:Critical Illness; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D003668:Pressure Ulcer / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment
keywords: Cuidados intensivos; Escalas de valoración; Evaluation scales; Intensive care; Pressure ulcers; Validez de las pruebas; Validity of test; Úlceras por presión