title: Effect of PON1 gene polymorphisms in Turkish patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can oxidize biological molecules that mediate carcinogenesis by causing metabolic malfunction and damage to DNA. Human serum paraoxonases (PON1, PON2 and PON3) play a role in antioxidant defense and protect the cell against ROS. PON1 polymorphisms Q192R and L55M have been shown to be associated with several human cancers, but their association with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has yet to be investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed genotyping analysis using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay in a hospital-based case-control study of 217 confirmed HCC patients and 217 age-, gender-, smoking- and alcohol consumption-matched cancer-free controls in Turkish population.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Q192R and L55M polymorphisms were in significant linkage disequilibrium (LD) (D' = 0.77). However, allele, genotype and haplotype analysis showed no significant differences between the risks of HCC and PON1 polymorphisms. Moreover, no significant differences were found between clinical findings, clinicopathological features and sex in comparison with the PON1 genotypes in HCC group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest for the first time that neither the Q192R polymorphism nor the L55M polymorphism has relationship with the risk of developing HCC. Further independent studies are required to clarify the possible role of PON1 gene Q192R and L55M polymorphisms on the risk of developing HCC in a larger series and also in patients of different ethnic origins.
authors.affiliation: Çukurova University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, 01330 Adana, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hikmet
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akkız
authors.affiliation: Çukurova University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, 01330 Adana, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sedef
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kuran
authors.affiliation: Çukurova University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, 01330 Adana, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ersin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Akgöllü
authors.affiliation: Çukurova University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, 01330 Adana, Turkey.
authors.forename: Oğuz
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Üsküdar
authors.affiliation: Çukurova University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, 01330 Adana, Turkey.
authors.forename: Aynur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bekar
authors.affiliation: Adıyaman University, Adıyaman School of Health, Department of Nursing, 02040 Adıyaman, Turkey.
authors.forename: Süleyman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bayram
authors.affiliation: Çukurova University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, 01330 Adana, Turkey.
authors.forename: Selçuk
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yıldırım
authors.affiliation: Çukurova University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, 01330 Adana, Turkey.
authors.forename: Yakup
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ülger
authors.affiliation: Çukurova University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, 01330 Adana, Turkey.
authors.forename: Berrin Yalınbaş
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Kaya
authors.affiliation: Çukurova University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, 01330 Adana, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mahmut
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Şansal
authors.affiliation: Batman University, Arts & Science Faculty, Chemistry Department (Biochemistry Division), Batman, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ercan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Çınar
keywords: Genetic susceptibility; Hepatitis B virus; Hepatocellular carcinoma; PON1 gene Q192R and L55M polymorphisms