title: Impact of vitamin D supplementation on adiposity in African-Americans.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  African-Americans have higher rates of obesity-associated chronic diseases. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) shows an inverse association with obesity status. We investigated whether vitamin D supplementation changes body mass index (BMI).
  
  
  METHODS
  In total, 328 overweight African-Americans were enrolled over three consecutive winter periods (2007-2010) into a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to receive cholecalciferol supplementation (0, 1000 international units (IU), 2000 IU or 4000 IU per day) for 3 months. Plasma concentrations of 25(OH)D and anthropometric measurements were done at baseline, 3 and 6 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 3 months, vitamin D supplementation in three dose groups (1000 IU, 2000 IU or 4000 IU per day) did not cause any significant changes in BMI as compared with placebo group 3-month change in BMI per 1000 IU per day estimate (SE): 0.01 (0.039); P=0.78.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In overweight African-Americans, short-term high-dose vitamin D supplementation did not alter BMI.
authors.affiliation: 1] Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA [2] Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Chandler
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Public Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
authors.forename: B F
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Drake
authors.affiliation: 1] Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA [2] Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.affiliation: 1] Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA [2] Department of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
authors.forename: B W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Hollis
authors.affiliation: 1] Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA [2] Center for Community-Based Research, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Emmons
authors.affiliation: 1] Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA [2] Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA [3] Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Giovannucci
authors.affiliation: 1] Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA [2] Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Fuchs
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
authors.forename: G G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Bennett