title: Application of multiple-locus variable number tandem repeat analysis to identify outbreak-associated Neisseria meningitides serogroup C sequence type 4821 in China.
abstract: Neisseria meningitidis (N. meningitidis) serogroup C sequence type (ST)-4821 caused an outbreak in 2010 in Shandong province of China. Twenty-one non-outbreak-associated strains were isolated, along with twenty-eight N. meningitides serogroup C ST-4821 isolates. Therefore, it's essential to identify and clarify characterization of the real outbreak-associated strains with a rapid method during an outbreak investigation. In this study, multiple-locus variable number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) was applied to analyze 84 N. meningitidis strains, among which 58 were recovered from two outbreaks and 26 were sporadic isolates. Three MLVA schemes with different combination of VNTR loci were tested, and two of them were suitable for isolates from China: scheme 2 with six loci was found to separate ST into finer resolution, and scheme 3 with five loci can be used to identify outbreak-associated isolates from the same outbreak that caused by N. meningitidis serogroup C ST-4821.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan City, Shandong Province, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, P.R. China; Jinan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan City, Shandong Province, P.R. China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiaoying
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shan
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, P.R. China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Haijian
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Jinan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan City, Shandong Province, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, P.R. China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Bingqing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, P.R. China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Jinan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan City, Shandong Province, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Guangchun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Jinan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan City, Shandong Province, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Aiying
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, P.R. China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zhujun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan City, Shandong Province, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Baofa
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D002681:China; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008585:Meningitis, Meningococcal / Q000382:microbiology; D018598:Minisatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics; D009345:Neisseria meningitidis / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D038542:Neisseria meningitidis, Serogroup C / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial