title: Dibutyl phthalate induces oxidative stress and impairs spermatogenesis in adult rats.
abstract: Phthalates are abundantly produced plasticizers, and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is the most widely used derivative in various consumer products and medical devices. This study was conducted to further explore the potential testicular toxicity of DBP in adult rats and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Adult male albino rats were treated orally with DBP at doses of 0, 200, 400, or 600 mg/kg/day for 15 consecutive days. Testicular weight, sperm count, and motility were significantly decreased. Treatment with DBP decreased serum follicle-stimulating hormone and testosterone levels and testicular lactate dehydrogenase activity. DBP treatment also decreased serum total antioxidant capacity and the activities of the testicular antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione reductase. Further, DBP treatment provoked degeneration with absence of spermatogenesis and sperms and necrosis in some of seminiferous tubules. These results indicated that oxidative stress and subsequent decrease in testosterone secretion were the potential underlying mechanism of DBP-induced testicular toxicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia hamdyaali@yahoo.com.|Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Hamdy Aa
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Aly
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.|Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, El-Madinah El-Munaworah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Memy H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.|Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Hesham A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: El-Beshbishy
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Abdulrahman M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Alahdal
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Abdel-Moneim M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Osman
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D003993:Dibutyl Phthalate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009336:Necrosis; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D010968:Plasticizers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013076:Sperm Count; D013081:Sperm Motility / Q000187:drug effects; D013091:Spermatogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D013737:Testis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013739:Testosterone / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D010968:Plasticizers; D003993:Dibutyl Phthalate; D013739:Testosterone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone; D010088:Oxidoreductases
keywords: Dibutyl phthalate; FSH; lipid peroxidation; testis; testosterone