title: Data dependent random forest applied to screening for laryngeal disorders through analysis of sustained phonation: acoustic versus contact microphone.
abstract: Comprehensive evaluation of results obtained using acoustic and contact microphones in screening for laryngeal disorders through analysis of sustained phonation is the main objective of this study. Aiming to obtain a versatile characterization of voice samples recorded using microphones of both types, 14 different sets of features are extracted and used to build an accurate classifier to distinguish between normal and pathological cases. We propose a new, data dependent random forests-based, way to combine information available from the different feature sets. An approach to exploring data and decisions made by a random forest is also presented. Experimental investigations using a mixed gender database of 273 subjects have shown that the perceptual linear predictive cepstral coefficients (PLPCC) was the best feature set for both microphones. However, the linear predictive coefficients (LPC) and linear predictive cosine transform coefficients (LPCTC) exhibited good performance in the acoustic microphone case only. Models designed using the acoustic microphone data significantly outperformed the ones built using data recorded by the contact microphone. The contact microphone did not bring any additional information useful for the classification. The proposed data dependent random forest significantly outperformed the traditional random forest.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electric Power Systems, Kaunas University of Technology Studentu 50, LT-51368, Kaunas, Lithuania; IS-Lab, Halmstad University, Box 823, S-30118 Halmstad, Sweden. Electronic address: antanas.verikas@hh.se.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Verikas
authors.affiliation: Department of Electric Power Systems, Kaunas University of Technology Studentu 50, LT-51368, Kaunas, Lithuania. Electronic address: adas.gelzinis@ktu.lt.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gelzinis
authors.affiliation: Department of Electric Power Systems, Kaunas University of Technology Studentu 50, LT-51368, Kaunas, Lithuania. Electronic address: evaldas.vaiciukynas@ktu.lt.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vaiciukynas
authors.affiliation: Department of Electric Power Systems, Kaunas University of Technology Studentu 50, LT-51368, Kaunas, Lithuania. Electronic address: marija.bacauskiene@ktu.lt.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bacauskiene
authors.affiliation: Department of Electric Power Systems, Kaunas University of Technology Studentu 50, LT-51368, Kaunas, Lithuania. Electronic address: jonasmin@gmail.com.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Minelga
authors.affiliation: IS-Lab, Halmstad University, Box 823, S-30118 Halmstad, Sweden. Electronic address: magnus.hallander@hh.se.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hållander
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Eiveniu 2, LT-50009, Kaunas, Lithuania. Electronic address: virgilijus.ulozas@kmuk.lt.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Uloza
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Eiveniu 2, LT-50009, Kaunas, Lithuania. Electronic address: evaldas.padervinskis@kmuk.lt.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Padervinskis
mesh_terms: D000162:Acoustics; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001185:Artificial Intelligence; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007818:Laryngeal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010699:Phonation; D014831:Voice; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Committee; Decision confidence; Laryngeal disorder; Random forest; Sustained phonation; Voice