title: Remembering the forgotten non-communicable diseases.
abstract: The forthcoming post-Millennium Development Goals era will bring about new challenges in global health. Low- and middle-income countries will have to contend with a dual burden of infectious and non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Some of these NCDs, such as neoplasms, COPD, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, cause much health loss worldwide and are already widely recognised as doing so. However, 55% of the global NCD burden arises from other NCDs, which tend to be ignored in terms of premature mortality and quality of life reduction. Here, experts in some of these 'forgotten NCDs' review the clinical impact of these diseases along with the consequences of their ignoring their medical importance, and discuss ways in which they can be given higher global health priority in order to decrease the growing burden of disease and disability.
authors.affiliation: School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Building 379, 207 Bouverie St, Carlton, Melbourne, VIC, 3053, Australia. alan.lopez@unimelb.edu.au.
authors.forename: Alan D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Imperial College, St Mary's Hospital, London, W21NY, UK. tom.n.williams@gmail.com.|KEMRI/Wellcome Trust Research Programme, PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya. tom.n.williams@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Thomas N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.affiliation: University of British Columbia, St Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard Street Rm 6010 A, Vancouver, BC, V6Z1Y8, Canada. ALevin@providencehealth.bc.ca.
authors.forename: Adeera
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Levin
authors.affiliation: , 7th Floor, TRW Building, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4Z6, Canada. mtonelli@ualberta.ca.
authors.forename: Marcello
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tonelli
authors.affiliation: Medicine Service and Center for Surgical Medical Acute care Research and Transitions, VA Medical Center, 510, 20th street South, Birmingham, AL, FOT 805B, USA. jassingh@uab.edu.|Department of Medicine at School of Medicine, and Division of Epidemiology at School of Public Health, University of Alabama, 1720 Second Ave. South, Birmingham, AL, 35294-0022, USA. jassingh@uab.edu.|Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA. jassingh@uab.edu.
authors.forename: Jasvinder A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK. p.burney@imperial.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Peter G J
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Burney
authors.affiliation: Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada. jtrehm@gmail.com.|Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technical Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany. jtrehm@gmail.com.|Addiction Policy, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto (UofT), Toronto, Canada. jtrehm@gmail.com.|Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, UofT, Toronto, Canada. jtrehm@gmail.com.|Institute of Medical Science, UofT, Toronto, Canada. jtrehm@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rehm
authors.affiliation: National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA. nvolkow@nida.nih.gov.
authors.forename: Nora D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Volkow
authors.affiliation: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892-9304, USA. george.koob@nih.gov.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Koob
authors.affiliation: Institute of Education and Health Sciences, Hospital Alemao Oswaldo Cruz, Rua João Julião, 245 - Bloco D CEP 01323-903, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. ferricleusa@gmail.com.|Department of Psychobiology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Botucatu, 862- 1o andar, São Paulo, CEP, 04023-062, Brazil. ferricleusa@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Cleusa P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Ferri
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D017281:Cost of Illness; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014943:Global Health / Q000592:standards; D006040:Goals; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006801:Humans; D058069:Neglected Diseases / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D011203:Poverty / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D011788:Quality of Life