title: Measuring the dynamics of cyclic adenosine monophosphate level in living cells induced by low-level laser irradiation using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer.
abstract: Several studies demonstrated that the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), an important second messenger, is involved in the mechanism of low-level laser irradiation (LLLI) treatment. However, most of these studies obtained the cAMP level in cell culture extracts or supernatant. In this study, the cAMP level in living cells was measured with bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET). The effect of LLLI on cAMP level in living cells with adenosine receptors blocked was explored to identify the role of adenosine receptors in LLLI. The results showed that LLLI increased the cAMP level. Moreover, the rise of cAMP level was light dose dependent but wavelength independent for 658-, 785-, and 830-nm laser light. The results also exhibited that the adenosine receptors, a class of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), modulated the increase of cAMP level induced by LLLI. The cAMP level increased more significantly when the A3 adenosine receptors (A3R) were blocked by A3R antagonist compared with A1 adenosine receptor or A2a adenosine receptor blocked in HEK293T cells after LLLI, which was in good agreement with the adenosine receptors’ expressions. All these results suggested that measuring the cAMP level with BRET could be a useful technique to study the role of GPCRs in living cells under LLLI.
authors.affiliation: Fujian Normal University, College of Photonic and Electronic Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, 32 Shangsan Road, Fuzhou 35.
authors.forename: Yimei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Fujian Normal University, College of Photonic and Electronic Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, 32 Shangsan Road, Fuzhou 35.
authors.forename: Liqin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Fujian Normal University, College of Photonic and Electronic Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, 32 Shangsan Road, Fuzhou 35.
authors.forename: Hongqin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Fujian Normal University, College of Photonic and Electronic Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, 32 Shangsan Road, Fuzhou 35.
authors.forename: Jiangxu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Fujian Normal University, College of Photonic and Electronic Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, 32 Shangsan Road, Fuzhou 35.
authors.forename: Yuhua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Fujian Normal University, College of Photonic and Electronic Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, 32 Shangsan Road, Fuzhou 35.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Fujian Normal University, College of Photonic and Electronic Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, 32 Shangsan Road, Fuzhou 35.
authors.forename: Shusen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Centre, Imaging Unit-Integrative Oncology Department, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z 1L3, Canada.
authors.forename: Haishan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zeng
mesh_terms: D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000737:chemistry*; D004735:Energy Transfer; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007834:Lasers; D008027:Light; D049449:Luminescence; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D018047:Receptors, Purinergic P1 / Q000737:chemistry*; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D018047:Receptors, Purinergic P1; D000242:Cyclic AMP