title: Inhibitory effects of polyphenols from grape pomace extract on collagenase and elastase activity.
abstract: Breakdown and disorganization of extracellular matrix proteins like collagen, fibronectin and elastin are main characteristics of skin aging due to the enhanced activation of proteolytic enzymes such as collagenases and elastases. Inhibition of their enzymatic activities by natural plant compounds might be a promising approach to prevent extrinsic skin aging. Especially polyphenols are supposed to interact with those enzymes due to their molecular nature. In our investigation, extracts of pomace from Riesling grapes were analyzed for their inhibitory properties on collagenase as well as elastase. Crude grape pomace extract showed a dose-dependent inhibitory activity against both enzymes with IC50-values of 20.3μg/ml and 14.7μg/ml for collagenase and elastase activity, respectively. The extracts were fractionated into four fractions containing phenolic compounds differing in chemical structure and polarity. Except for the stilbene containing fraction, all other fractions showed inhibitory effects on both enzyme activities. The most pronounced impact was found for the hydrophilic low molecular weight polyphenols containing the free phenolic acids. In particular, gallic acid showed considerable inhibition values. EGCG was used as a positive control and showed a dose-dependent inhibition of collagenase activity (IC50=0.9mM).
authors.affiliation: Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging, Department of Process Development for Plant Raw Materials, Giggenhauser Str. 35, D-85354 Freising, Germany; Hohenheim University, Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Chair Plant Foodstuff Technology, Garbenstraße 25, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany. Electronic address: judith.wittenauer@ivv.fraunhofer.de.
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wittenauer
authors.affiliation: Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging, Department of Process Development for Plant Raw Materials, Giggenhauser Str. 35, D-85354 Freising, Germany; Hohenheim University, Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Chair Plant Foodstuff Technology, Garbenstraße 25, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
authors.forename: Sonja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mäckle
authors.affiliation: Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging, Department of Process Development for Plant Raw Materials, Giggenhauser Str. 35, D-85354 Freising, Germany.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sußmann
authors.affiliation: Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging, Department of Process Development for Plant Raw Materials, Giggenhauser Str. 35, D-85354 Freising, Germany.
authors.forename: Ute
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Schweiggert-Weisz
authors.affiliation: Hohenheim University, Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Chair Plant Foodstuff Technology, Garbenstraße 25, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany; King Abdulaziz University, Biological Science Department, Faculty of Science, P.O. Box 80257, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Reinhold
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Carle
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D047009:Hathewaya histolytica / Q000201:enzymology; D017364:Collagenases / Q000378:metabolism; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010196:Pancreatic Elastase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000737:chemistry*; D013552:Swine; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D059808:Polyphenols; D010196:Pancreatic Elastase; D017364:Collagenases
keywords: (+)-Catechin (PubChem CID: 9064); Caftaric acid (PubChem CID: 6440397); Collagenase; Elastase; Gallic acid (PubChem CID: 370); Grape pomace; Polyphenols; Procyanidin B1 (PubChem CID: 11250133); Procyanidin B2 (PubChem CID: 122738); Quercetin 3-O-glucoside (PubChem CID: 5280804); Quercetin 3-O-glucuronid (PubChem CID: 12004528); Skin aging; Trans-resveratrol (PubChem CID: 445154); Vitis vinifera