title: Fluvastatin upregulates the α 1C subunit of CaV1.2 channel expression in vascular smooth muscle cells via RhoA and ERK/p38 MAPK pathways.
abstract: Abnormal phenotypic switch of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) is a hallmark of vascular disorders such as atherosclerosis and restenosis. And this process has been related to remodeling of L-type calcium channel (LTCC). We attempted to investigate whether fluvastatin has any effect on VSMC proliferation and LTCCα 1C subunit (LTCCα 1C) expression as well as the potential mechanisms involved. The VSMCs proliferation was assayed by osteopontin immunofluorescent staining and [(3)H]-thymidine incorporation. The cell cycle was detected by flow cytometric analysis. The activity of RhoA was determined with pull-down assay. MAPK activity and LTCCα 1C expression were assessed by western blotting. We demonstrated fluvastatin prevented the VSMCs dedifferentiating into a proliferative phenotype and induced cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase in response to PDGF-BB stimulation. Fluvastatin dose-dependently reversed the downregulation of LTCCα 1C expression induced by PDGF-BB. Inhibition of ROCK, ERK, or p38 MAPK activation largely enhanced the upregulation effect of fluvastatin (P < 0.01). However, blockade of JNK pathway had no effect on LTCCα 1C expression. We concluded LTCCα 1C was a VSMC contractile phenotype marker gene. Fluvastatin upregulated LTCCα 1C expression, at least in part, by inhibiting ROCK, ERK1/2, and p38 MAPK activation. Fluvastatin may be a potential candidate for preventing or treating vascular diseases.
authors.affiliation: Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian 350005, China ; Ultrasound Department, The Second Affiliated People's Hospital, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, China.
authors.forename: Qiu-Fang
authors.initials: QF
authors.lastname: Ouyang
authors.affiliation: Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian 350005, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian 350005, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Hong
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian 350005, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian 350005, China.
authors.forename: Chang-Sheng
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian 350005, China.
authors.forename: Liang-Di
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Xie
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020746:Calcium Channels, L-Type / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077340:Fluvastatin; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000502:physiology; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C504728:Cacna1c protein, rat; D020746:Calcium Channels, L-Type; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D007211:Indoles; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D000077340:Fluvastatin; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein