title: The association between daily physical activity and plasma B-type natriuretic peptide in patients with glucose intolerance: a cross-sectional study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In spite of accumulating evidences suggesting an inverse association between insulin resistance and plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels, the effect of daily physical activity on plasma BNP in individuals with glucose intolerance remains unknown. We investigated the association of physical activity level (PAL) with plasma BNP in patients with impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Outpatients visiting the National Center for Global Health and Medicine Kohnodai Hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 60 patients with glucose intolerance who did not take any hypoglycaemic agents, cholesterol-lowering agents and antihypertensive agents were recruited. Patients who were diagnosed as having heart failure and renal impairment, engaged in sports-like exercise and resistance training were excluded.
  
  
  METHODS
  PAL was objectively measured by a triaxial accelerometer. The association between PAL and plasma BNP levels was assessed by multiple regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PAL was positively correlated with plasma BNP levels (r=0.296, p=0.021). PAL was still significantly correlated with plasma BNP levels after adjustment for age (β=0.290, p=0.014), and adjustment for age and body mass index (β=0.282, p=0.018). Plasma BNP levels were inversely correlated with serum insulin levels (r=-0.350, p=0.006) and homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR; r=-0.363, p=0.004). Serum insulin levels (mean±SD, 8.1±6.4 μU/mL) and HOMA-IR (2.4±1.9) in the high-BNP group were significantly lower than those (11.2±7.4 μU/mL and 3.7±3.0, respectively) in the low-BNP group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings propose the possibility that plasma BNP may be increased by daily physical activity and BNP is associated with insulin resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Kohnodai Hospital, Chiba, Japan Division of Complementary Medicine, First Department of General Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Hidetaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hamasaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Kohnodai Hospital, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Hidekatsu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yanai
authors.affiliation: Division of Complementary Medicine, First Department of General Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kakei
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetes Research, Diabetes Research Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsuhiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Noda
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Health and Design, Faculty of Human Life and Environmental Sciences, Showa Women's University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ezaki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000097:blood*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain
keywords: DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY; PUBLIC HEALTH; SPORTS MEDICINE