title: A three-protein signature and clinical outcome in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: Current staging is inadequate to precisely predict clinical outcome of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and determine treatment choices, which vary from operation alone to intensive multimodal regimens. The purpose of this study is to investigate the prognostic values of an immunohistochemistry-based three-protein signature model in patients with ESCC. We determined the protein expression of Annexin II, cofilin 1, ezrin, fascin, kindlin-2, moesin, MTSS1, myosin-9, profilin-1, Rac1, radixin, ROCK2, talin, tensin and villin 1 in a test cohort including 110 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded esophageal curative resection specimens by tissue microarrays (TMAs). A three-protein signature elicited from the protein cluster, Annexin II, kindlin-2, and myosin-9, was validated by TMAs on an independent cohort of 147 specimens. The expression of three-protein signature was highly predictive of ESCC overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in both generation and validation datasets. Regression analysis shows that this three-protein signature is an independent predictor for OS and DFS. Furthermore, the predictive ability of these 3 biomarkers in combination is more robust than that of each individual biomarker. This study demonstrates a clinically applicable prognostic model that accurately predicts ESCC patient survival and/or tumor recurrence, and thus could serve as a complement to current risk stratification approaches.
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, P.R. China.|Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, P.R. China.|Department of Pathology, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai, Guangdong, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Hui-Hui
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, Guangdong, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Shi-Yi
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, Guangdong, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jin-Hui
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, Guangdong, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Yong
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, P.R. China.|Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jian-Yi
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, Guangdong, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Shao-Hong
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, P.R. China.|Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, P.R. China.
authors.forename: En-Min
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, P.R. China.|Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Li-Yan
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality* / Q000556:secondary*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D015996:Survival Rate; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor
keywords: ESCC; kindlin-2; myosin-9; prognosis; three-protein signature