title: Incidence and prevalence of diabetes in children aged <15 yr in Fiji, 2001-2012.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Determine the incidence and prevalence of diabetes in children <15 yr in Fiji.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data on all new cases from 2001 to 2012 was collected from the three paediatric diabetes services through the International Diabetes Federation Life for a Child Program. There was no formal secondary ascertainment source, however the medical community is small and all known cases are believed to be included.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-two children aged <15 yr were diagnosed from 2001 to 2012. Twenty-eight were type 1 (66.7%), 13 type 2 (31.0%), and 1 (2.4%) had neonatal diabetes (INS gene mutation). For type 1, the mean ± standard deviation (SD) age of diagnosis was 10.2 ± 2.9 yr, with similar proportions of males and females. Four (14.3%) were native Fijians and 24 (86.7%) were of Indo-Fijian descent (p < 0.001). The mean annual incidence of type 1 in children <15 yr was 0.93/100,000 and prevalence in 2012 was 5.9/100,000. There was no evidence of a rise in incidence, but low numbers would preclude recognition of a small increased rate. For the 13 cases of type 2 diabetes, the mean SD age of diagnosis was 12.2 ± 2.7 yr, 85% were female (p < 0.01), and 85% were of Indo-Fijian descent (p = 0.001). The mean annual incidence of type 2 was 0.43/100,000 and 2012 prevalence was 2.4/100,000. No child with diabetes aged <15 yr died during the 12-yr period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of type 1 diabetes in Fiji is very low. Furthermore, its occurrence is markedly more frequent in Indo-Fijians than in native Fijians. Type 2 and neonatal diabetes also occur.
authors.affiliation: International Diabetes Federation Life for a Child Program, and Diabetes NSW, Glebe, Australia.
authors.forename: Graham D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Ogle
authors.affiliation: Health and Education, Diabetes NSW, Glebe, Australia.
authors.forename: Melinda K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Morrison
authors.affiliation: International Diabetes Federation Life for a Child Program, Westmead Children's Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Silink
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Lautoka Hospital, Lautoka, Fiji.
authors.forename: Rigamoto S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Taito
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D005367:Fiji / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence
keywords: Fiji; India; diabetes; incidence; prevalence