title: Bisphenol A depresses monosynaptic and polysynaptic reflexes in neonatal rat spinal cord in vitro involving estrogen receptor-dependent NO-mediated mechanisms.
abstract: Bisphenol A (BPA), a toxic chemical from plastics, is known to produce locomotor abnormalities which may imply the alteration in synaptic activity at Ia-α motoneuron synapse also. However the effect of BPA on this synapse is not known. Therefore, this study was undertaken to examine the effect of BPA on reflexes originating at Ia-α motoneuron synapse in the spinal cord. The experiments were performed on isolated hemisected spinal cords from 4 to 6d rats. Stimulation of a dorsal root evoked segmental monosynaptic (MSR) and polysynaptic (PSR) reflex potentials in the corresponding ventral root. Nitrite content (indicator of NO activity) of cords was estimated in the presence of BPA with/without antagonists. Superfusion of BPA (3-100μM) depressed the reflexes in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The depression was ∼20, ∼50 and ∼70% at 10, 30 and 100μM of BPA, respectively. The 50% depression occurred around 15min at 30μM of BPA. Pretreatment with estrogen receptor (ERα) antagonist, tamoxifen, blocked the BPA-induced depression of reflexes, whereas, 17β-estradiol, ER agonist, did not depress the reflexes even up to 10μM. Further, pretreatment with Nω-Nitro-l-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (l-NAME) or hemoglobin (Hb) blocked the BPA-induced depression of spinal reflexes. Nitric oxide (NO) donor sodium-nitroprusside depressed the MSR and PSR in a concentration-dependent manner. The nitrite concentration of the cords exposed to BPA was 733μM/gm of tissue (three times the saline group). Pretreatment with tamoxifen/l-NAME/Hb blocked the BPA-induced increase of nitrite levels. The present observations indicate that BPA depressed spinal synaptic transmission through ERα-dependent NO-mediated mechanisms. The altered synaptic activity may implicate for neurobehavioral locomotor abnormalities after exposure to BPA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Pandey
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India. Electronic address: desh48@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Deshpande
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology; D004965:Estrogen Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D004967:Estrogens / Q000494:pharmacology; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000494:pharmacology; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000494:pharmacology; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology; D010636:Phenols / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D012018:Reflex / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D012997:Solvents / Q000494:pharmacology; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D013126:Spinal Nerve Roots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000494:pharmacology; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D004958:Estradiol; D004965:Estrogen Antagonists; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D004967:Estrogens; D000431:Ethanol; D006454:Hemoglobins; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D009573:Nitrites; D009599:Nitroprusside; D010636:Phenols; D012997:Solvents; D013629:Tamoxifen; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
keywords: estrogen receptor-α; nitric oxide; plastics, synaptic reflexes; synaptic transmission/modulation