title: β-Aminobutyric Acid-Induced Resistance Against Root-Knot Nematodes in Rice Is Based on Increased Basal Defense.
abstract: The nonprotein amino acid β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) is known to protect plants against various pathogens. The mode of action is relatively diverse and specific in different plant-pathogen systems. To extend the analysis of the mode of action of BABA to plant-parasitic nematodes in monocot plants, we evaluated the effect of BABA against the root-knot nematode (RKN) Meloidogyne graminicola in rice. BABA treatment of rice plants inhibited nematode penetration and resulted in delayed nematode and giant cell development. BABA-induced resistance (BABA-IR) was still functional in mutants or transgenics defective in salicylic acid biosynthesis and response or abscisic acid (ABA) response. Pharmacological inhibition of jasmonic acid (JA) and ethylene (ET) biosynthesis indicated that BABA-IR against rice RKN likely occurs independent of JA and ET. However, histochemical and biochemical quantification in combination with quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction data suggest that BABA protects rice against RKN through the activation of basal defense mechanisms of the plant, such as reactive oxygen species accumulation, lignin formation, and callose deposition.
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium;|2Institute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jingjusi road 20, 610066, Chengdu, China;
authors.forename: Hongli
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium;
authors.forename: Tina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kyndt
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium;
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: 3Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB) and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Bartel
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vanholme
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium;
authors.forename: Godelieve
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gheysen
mesh_terms: D000040:Abscisic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D000613:Aminobutyrates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000378:metabolism; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D005936:Glucans / Q000378:metabolism; D008031:Lignin / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D009154:Mutation; D009348:Nematoda / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D012275:Oryza / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D054883:Oxylipins / Q000378:metabolism; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000378:metabolism*; D057865:Plant Immunity / Q000187:drug effects*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D020156:Salicylic Acid / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000613:Aminobutyrates; D003517:Cyclopentanes; D005936:Glucans; D054883:Oxylipins; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C047667:3-aminobutyric acid; C011006:jasmonic acid; D000040:Abscisic Acid; D008031:Lignin; C048306:callose; D020156:Salicylic Acid