title: Visceral obesity is associated with increased soluble CD163 concentration in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: Monocyte/macrophage-specific soluble CD163 (sCD163) concentration is associated with insulin resistance and increases with deteriorating glycemic control independently of BMI. This led to the proposal of the hypothesis that obesity-associated white adipose tissue inflammation varies between individuals. The objective was to examine the effect of male overweight/obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on associations between adiposity parameters and sCD163. A total of 23 overweight/obese non-diabetic men, 16 overweight/obese men with T2DM, and a control group of 20 normal-weight healthy men were included. Body composition and regional body fat distribution were determined by whole-body dual X-ray absorptiometry scan and abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan. Serum sCD163 concentrations were determined by ELISA. Associations between adiposity parameters and sCD163 were investigated using multiple linear regression analysis. In the normal-weight healthy men, there was no significant association between adiposity parameters and sCD163, whereas in the overweight/obese non-diabetic men, measures of general and regional adiposity were positively associated with sCD163. In the overweight/obese men with T2DM, only visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and the ratio of VAT to abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), a measure of relative body fat distribution between VAT and SAT depots, were positively associated with sCD163. In a multivariate analysis, including VAT, upper-body SAT, and lower-body fat, adjusted for BMI and age, VAT remained a significant predictor of sCD163 in the overweight/obese T2DM men, but not in the overweight/obese non-diabetic men. Our results indicate that VAT inflammation is exaggerated in men with T2DM, and that propensity to store excess body fat viscerally is particularly detrimental in men with T2DM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineAarhus University Hospital, Nørrebrogade 44, 8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkDepartment of Clinical BiochemistryHorsens County Hospital, Horsens, DenmarkDepartment of BiostatisticsAarhus University, Aarhus, DenmarkDepartment of Clinical BiochemistryAarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark larspetersorensen@dadlnet.dk.
authors.forename: Lars Peter
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Sørensen
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineAarhus University Hospital, Nørrebrogade 44, 8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkDepartment of Clinical BiochemistryHorsens County Hospital, Horsens, DenmarkDepartment of BiostatisticsAarhus University, Aarhus, DenmarkDepartment of Clinical BiochemistryAarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Tina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Parkner
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineAarhus University Hospital, Nørrebrogade 44, 8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkDepartment of Clinical BiochemistryHorsens County Hospital, Horsens, DenmarkDepartment of BiostatisticsAarhus University, Aarhus, DenmarkDepartment of Clinical BiochemistryAarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Esben
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Søndergaard
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineAarhus University Hospital, Nørrebrogade 44, 8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkDepartment of Clinical BiochemistryHorsens County Hospital, Horsens, DenmarkDepartment of BiostatisticsAarhus University, Aarhus, DenmarkDepartment of Clinical BiochemistryAarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Bo Martin
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Bibby
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineAarhus University Hospital, Nørrebrogade 44, 8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkDepartment of Clinical BiochemistryHorsens County Hospital, Horsens, DenmarkDepartment of BiostatisticsAarhus University, Aarhus, DenmarkDepartment of Clinical BiochemistryAarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Holger Jon
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Møller
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineAarhus University Hospital, Nørrebrogade 44, 8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkDepartment of Clinical BiochemistryHorsens County Hospital, Horsens, DenmarkDepartment of BiostatisticsAarhus University, Aarhus, DenmarkDepartment of Clinical BiochemistryAarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Søren
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nielsen
keywords: inflammation; macrophages; obesity; soluble CD163; type 2 diabetes mellitus; white adipose tissue