title: Tumor volume as a prognostic factor was superior to the seventh edition of the pT classification in resectable gastric cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To demonstrate that the seventh edition of the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) classification for gastric cancer (GC) should be updated with the tumor volume (pTV) for the improvement of its prognostic prediction accuracy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 497 stage TNM I-III GC patients who underwent curative gastrectomy between January 2003 and December 2007 in our center were enrolled in this study. pTV equals to (tumor diameter/2)(2) × pT stage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the step 1 multivariate analysis, depth of invasion (pT) was confirmed to be an independent prognostic factors. However, when pTV was included in the step 2 multivariate analysis, pTV classification became significant, while pT classification disappeared. pT classification was substituted by pTV. For patients in each of the pT, significant differences in survival could always be observed among patients in different pTV classification. For patients in each pTV classification, prognosis was highly homologous between those in different pT classifications. TNM classification and the tumor volume-node-metastasis (TvNM) classification were directly compared for convenience. We found the TvNM classification (HR = 1.687, P < 0.001) was the most appropriately prognostic classification for predicting the OS of gastric cancer patients after curative surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  pTV maybe an independent prognostic factor in overall survival in GC, and pTV staging system maybe more reliable than the Union International Center Cancer and American Joint Committee (UICC/AJCC) on cancer pT system for prognostic assessment. pTV should be recommended as an important clinicopathologic variable for enhancement the accuracy of the prognostic prediction of GC patients in clinic.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastric Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China; Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastric Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China; Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China.
authors.forename: J-Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastric Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China; Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China.
authors.forename: X-W
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastric Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China; Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastric Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China; Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China. Electronic address: tjlianghan@gmail.com.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liang
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D005260:Female; D005743:Gastrectomy; D006801:Humans; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D047368:Tumor Burden; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Depth of tumor invasion (pT); Gastric cancer (GC); Overall survival (OS); Prognosis; Tumor volume (pTV)