title: Rapid determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in grilled meat using microwave-assisted extraction and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
abstract: A simple and rapid analytical tech nique for the simultaneous determination of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in grilled meat was developed using microwave-assisted extraction and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (MAE-DLLME) followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The effective parameters in DLLME process were optimized. Good linear relationships were obtained for 16 PAHs in a range of 1-200 ng g(-1), with a correlation coefficient (R(2)) higher than 0.98. Limits of detection and limits of quantification were 0.15-0.3 ng g(-1) and 0.47-1 ng g(-1), respectively. The relative standard deviations (RSD%) for seven analyses were less than 9%. The recoveries of those compounds in grilled meat were obtained from 85% to 104%. Low consumption of the solvent, high recovery, short extraction time, no matrix interference and good merit figures compared to other methods are advantages of the proposed method. The performance of the present method was evaluated for the determination of PAHs in various types of real grilled meat samples, and satisfactory results were obtained.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition Science, Food Science and Technology/National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Marzieh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kamankesh
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition Science, Food Science and Technology/National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: ab.mohammadi@sbmu.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Abdorreza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mohammadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition Science, Food Science and Technology/National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: hedayat@sbmu.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Hedayat
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hosseini
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Zohreh
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Modarres Tehrani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000379:methods*; D003296:Cooking; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D059627:Liquid Phase Microextraction / Q000379:methods; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis*; D008872:Microwaves; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction; Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; Grilled meat; Microwave-assisted extraction; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Response surface methodology