title: Nutrition therapy in critically ill patients- a review of current evidence for clinicians.
abstract: The provision of nutrition to critically ill patients is internationally accepted as standard of care in intensive care units (ICU). Nutrition has the potential to positively impact patient outcomes, is relatively inexpensive compared to other commonly used treatments, and is increasingly identified as a marker of quality ICU care. Furthermore, we are beginning to understand its true potential, with positive and deleterious consequences when it is delivered inappropriately. As with many areas of medicine the evidence is rapidly changing and often conflicting, making interpretation and application difficult for the individual clinician. This narrative review aims to provide an overview of the major evidence base on nutrition therapy in critically ill patients and provide practical suggestions.
authors.affiliation: Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Australia; Nutrition Department, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia. Electronic address: emma.ridley@monash.edu.
authors.forename: Emma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ridley
authors.affiliation: Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Australia; Intensive Care Unit, The Alfred, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Dashiell
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gantner
authors.affiliation: Intensive Care Unit, The Alfred, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pellegrino
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016638:Critical Illness / Q000628:therapy*; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002149:Energy Intake; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000008:administration & dosage; D044623:Nutrition Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D010288:Parenteral Nutrition; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D018977:Micronutrients
keywords: Clinical nutrition; Critically ill; Enteral nutrition; Intensive care; Parenteral nutrition