title: Classification of additives for organic photovoltaic devices.
abstract: The use of additives to improve the performance of organic photovoltaic cells has been intensely researched in recent years. However, so far, no system has been reported for the classification of additives and their functions. In this report, a system for classifying additives according to the fundamental mechanism by which they influence microstructure formation for P3HT:PCBM is suggested. The major parameters used for their classification are solubility and drying kinetics. Both are discussed in detail and their consequences on processing are analyzed. Furthermore, a general mechanism to classify the impact of additives on structure formation is suggested and discussed for different materials relevant to organic photovoltaic devices.
authors.affiliation: Sol. Fab. of the Future, Bavarian Center for Applied Energy Research (ZAE Bayern), Haberstr. 2a, 91058 Erlangen (Germany). Florian.Machui@zae-bayern.de.
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Machui
authors.forename: Philipp
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Maisch
authors.forename: Ignasi
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Burgués-Ceballos
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Langner
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Krantz
authors.forename: Tayebeh
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ameri
authors.forename: Christoph J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Brabec
keywords: additives; fullerenes; ink formulation; organic photovoltaics; polymers