title: Preparation of 4-butylaniline-bonded silica gel for the solid-phase extraction of flavone glycosides.
abstract: To extract flavone glycosides efficiently, a new extraction material based on 4-butylaniline-bonded silica gel was prepared using a two-step grafting method including a ring-opening reaction and synchronous hydrolysis. Preparation of the silica-based material was easily achieved under mild conditions, and the material was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The material was used in solid-phase extraction, and the extraction can be performed in neutral conditions without regard to ionic strength. Selectivity tests of 14 compounds on the extraction cartridge showed that the material has a high affinity to flavone glycosides in contrast to octadecyl silica, and the extraction yields for four flavone glycosides were found to be >93%. Selectivity tests further reveal that the adsorption on its surface is likely attributed to multiple interactions, including hydrophobic interactions, π-π interactions, and hydrogen bonding. To explore the applicability of 4-butylaniline-bonded silica gel, naringin and hesperidin from Simotang oral liquid were extracted, and the extraction yields were >90%, which is distinguished from <28% on octadecyl silica cartridge.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Ganghui
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Wensheng
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Xueguang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shao
mesh_terms: D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D047309:Flavones / Q000737:chemistry*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000379:methods*; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared
chemical_list: D000814:Aniline Compounds; D047309:Flavones; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; C023650:aniline
keywords: 4-Butylaniline; Flavone glycosides; Ring-opening reactions; Solid-phase extraction; Synchronous hydrolysis