title: Estimation of in vivo dose of dermally applied chemicals leading to estrogen/androgen receptor-mediated toxicity from in vitro data--Illustration with four reproductive toxicants.
abstract: We present a quantitative in vitro-in vivo extrapolation framework enabling the estimation of the external dermal exposure dose from in vitro experimental data relevant to a toxicity pathway of interest. The framework adapts elements of the biological pathway altering dose (BPAD) method [Judson et al. Chem Res Toxicol 2011;24:451] to the case of dermal exposure. Dermal doses of four toxicants equivalent to concentrations characterizing their effect on estrogen receptor α or androgen receptor activity in chemical-activated luciferase expression (CALUX) assays are estimated. The analysis shows that dermal BPADs, calculated from one in vitro concentration, can differ by up to a factor of 55, due to the impact applied dose and dermal exposure scenarios can have on skin permeation kinetics. These features should therefore be taken into account in risk assessment of dermally applied chemicals.
authors.affiliation: The Procter & Gamble Company, 1853 Strombeek-Bever, Belgium. Electronic address: yuri.dancik@imb.a-star.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Yuri
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dancik
authors.affiliation: The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati, OH 45253, USA.
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Troutman
authors.affiliation: The Procter & Gamble Company, 1853 Strombeek-Bever, Belgium.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jaworska
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000633:toxicity; D001643:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds / Q000633:toxicity; D004958:Estradiol / Q000633:toxicity; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D010080:Oxazoles / Q000633:toxicity; D010636:Phenols / Q000633:toxicity; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000378:metabolism*; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D012869:Skin Absorption; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D001643:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds; D004958:Estradiol; D010080:Oxazoles; D010636:Phenols; D011944:Receptors, Androgen; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; C035988:procymidone; C025643:vinclozolin; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
keywords: CALUX; Dermal exposure; In vitro–in vivo extrapolation; PBPK; Reverse dosimetry; Skin permeation