title: Rapid increase in marrow fat content and decrease in marrow perfusion in lumbar vertebra following bilateral oophorectomy: an MR imaging-based prospective longitudinal study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Bilateral oophorectomy leads to reduced bone mineral density (BMD), and reduced BMD is associated with increased marrow fat and reduced marrow perfusion. Purpose of this study was to investigate how soon these changes occur following surgical oophorectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six patients who underwent hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy were studied. At baseline, mean patient age was 49.5 years (range: 45-54 years). Third lumbar vertebral body BMD measurement using quantitative CT, marrow fat fraction (FF) using MR spectroscopy and marrow perfusion using dynamic contrast enhanced MRI were conducted immediately prior to surgery and at 3, 9, and 21 months after surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Reduced BMD, increased marrow FF, and reduced marrow perfusion occurred synchronously post-oophorectomy. There was a sharp decrease of 12.5 ± 7.2% in BMD (n = 6), a sharp increase of 92.2 ± 46.3% (n = 6) in FF, a sharp decrease of 23.6 ± 3.9% in maximum contrast enhancement (n = 5), and of 45.4 ± 7.7% for enhancement slope (n = 5) during the initial 3 months post surgery. BMD and marrow perfusion continued to decrease, and marrow FF continued to increase at a slower rate during the following 18 months. Friedman test showed a significant trend for these changes (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bilateral oophorectomy leads to a rapid decrease in lumbar BMD, an increase in marrow fat content, and a decrease in marrow blood perfusion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Imaging & Interventional Radiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China.
authors.forename: Yi-Xiáng J
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Wáng
authors.affiliation: Department of Imaging & Interventional Radiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China.
authors.forename: James F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Griffith
authors.affiliation: Department of Imaging & Interventional Radiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Department of Imaging & Interventional Radiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China.
authors.forename: David K W
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Yeung
authors.affiliation: Department of Imaging & Interventional Radiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yuan
mesh_terms: D015992:Body Mass Index; D015519:Bone Density; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000378:metabolism*; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy; D008055:Lipids / Q000032:analysis; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D010052:Ovariectomy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011859:Radiography
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D008055:Lipids
keywords: Blood perfusion; Bone mineral density; Magnetic resonance; Marrow fact content; Oophorectomy