title: Quercetin Induces Antiproliferative Activity Against Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HepG2) Cells by Suppressing Specificity Protein 1 (Sp1).
abstract: Preclinical Research Quercetin, found in red onions and red apple skin can induce apoptosis insome malignant cells. However, the apoptotic effect of quercetin in hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells via regulation of specificity protein 1 (Sp1) has not been studied. Here, we demonstrated that quercetin decreased cell growth and induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells via suppression of Sp1 using 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium, inner salt (MTS) assay, 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining, Annexin V, and Western blot analysis, an effect that was dose- and time-dependent manner. Treatment of HepG2 cells with quercetin reduced cell growth and induced apoptosis, followed by regulation of Sp1 and Sp1 regulatory protein. Taken together, the results suggest that quercetin can induce apoptotic cell death by regulating cell cycle and suppressing antiapoptotic proteins. Therefore, quercetin may be useful for cancer prevention. Drug Dev Res 76 : 9-16, 2015.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, BK21 plus, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 651-756.
authors.forename: Ra Ham
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, BK21 plus, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 651-756.
authors.forename: Jin Hyoung
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, BK21 plus, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 651-756.
authors.forename: Young-Joo
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, BK21 plus, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 651-756.
authors.forename: Woong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Bang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Natural Medicine Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam, 534-729.
authors.forename: Jung-Jae
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural & Life Science, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 651-756.
authors.forename: Nag-Jin
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kang Seok
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Natural Medicine Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam, 534-729.
authors.forename: Jung-Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, BK21 plus, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 651-756.
authors.forename: Jung-Il
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Chae
keywords: antiproliferative; apoptosis; human hepatocellular carcinoma; quercetin; specificity protein 1