title: Proactive surveillance approach to guarantee a functional arteriovenous fistula at first dialysis is worth.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the impact of a proactive surveillance program on functional access rate at the time of first dialysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  In January 2010, a proactive surveillance program to intercept failures to mature was set up at the University Hospitals Leuven. Patients receiving an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) for pre-dialysis end-stage renal disease between January 2010 and May 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. The primary end-point was a functional AVF at first dialysis. Also, AVF- associated complications and reinterventions were analyzed. Furthermore, primary, assisted primary and secondary patency rates were estimated using Kaplan-Meier survival curves.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred sixty-four patients were included in the study. Patients were followed until first dialysis. Median follow-up time was 287 days (interquartile range, 108-551 days). During follow-up, 40 patients (24.4%) needed one or more additional interventions, resulting in 60 reinterventions. Ten patients needed dialysis within the minimal accepted maturation period of the AVF (4 weeks). Of the 154 patients who could await the maturation period of the AVF, 145 (94.2%) appeared ready for use at the time of dialysis or at the end of the study period. In 34 of them (22%), this was thanks to one or more interventions during follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A dedicated surveillance program of patients with AVFs in the pre-dialysis stadium detects failure to mature. Close coaching and proactive intervention can aid the patient in his own "fistula first" project.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven - Belgium.
authors.forename: Hozan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mufty
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Claes
authors.forename: Sam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Heye
authors.forename: Inge
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fourneau
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001166:Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical / Q000009:adverse effects; D001530:Belgium; D005260:Female; D006083:Graft Occlusion, Vascular / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011159:Population Surveillance; D015397:Program Evaluation; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014654:Vascular Patency; D055815:Young Adult