title: [The clinical implication of left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the clinical implications of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in patients with pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PH/PGL).
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-eight PH/PGL patients receiving medical attention at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from October 2010 to April 2013 were included in the study.Forty-six healthy people who had no hypertension, pathoglycemia, dyslipidemia history, and with normal chest X-ray, electrocardiogram and echocardiography results served as control group. Clinical symptoms and signs, levels of 24-hour urinary catecholamine, electrocardiogram and echocardiography of participants were recorded and analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  (1)Left ventricular ejection fraction, cardiac output index, left ventricular mass index (LVMI), left atrial volume index (LAVI) and mitral E/E' were all significantly higher while mitral annulus lateral E' velocity was significantly lower in PH/PGL group than in control group (all P < 0.05). (2) LVH was associated with more prevalent acute left-sided heart failure episodes (12% (3/25) vs. 0, P = 0.030), sustained LVEF depression (12% (3/25) vs. 0, P = 0.030) and ECG ST-T segment alterations (60% (15/25) vs. 21% (11/53) , P = 0.001) in PH/PGL patients. LAVI ((30.2 ± 8.8) ml/m(2) vs. (23.8 ± 4.7) ml/m(2), P = 0.007) and mitral E/E' (11.2 ± 6.0 vs. 7.2 ± 1.4, P = 0.003) were significantly higher in patients with LVH than in patients without LVH. Mitral annulus septal ((7.8 ± 2.6) cm/s vs. (10.4 ± 3.2) cm/s, P = 0.001) and lateral ((9.3 ± 3.3) cm/s vs. (12.9 ± 2.9) cm/s, P < 0.001) E' velocity, averaged S' velocity((7.9 ± 1.6) cm/s vs. (8.8 ± 1.7) cm/s, P = 0.036) were significantly lower in LVH patients comparing to patients without LVH. (3) According to multiple linear regression analysis, age (t = 3.491, P = 0.001), gender (t = 2.899, P = 0.005), heart rate (t = 2.255, P = 0.027), and 24-hour urinary norepinephrine level (t = 3.369, P = 0.001) were independent factors affecting LVMI of PH/PGL patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Left ventricular hypertrophy is associated with acute left-sided heart failure, left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and elevated left ventricular filling pressure in PH/PGL patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Email: fanglgpumch@sina.com.
authors.forename: Ligang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Wenling
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Zhengpei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Hanzhong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D004452:Echocardiography; D004562:Electrocardiography; D006333:Heart Failure; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D008943:Mitral Valve; D010235:Paraganglioma / Q000150:complications*; D010673:Pheochromocytoma / Q000150:complications*; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left