title: Simultaneous improvement in short circuit current, open circuit voltage, and fill factor of polymer solar cells through ternary strategy.
abstract: We present a smart strategy to simultaneously increase the short circuit current (Jsc), the open circuit voltage (Voc), and the fill factor (FF) of polymer solar cells (PSCs). A two-dimensional conjugated small molecule photovoltaic material (SMPV1), as the second electron donor, was doped into the blend system of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and [6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl (PC71BM) to form ternary PSCs. The ternary PSCs with 5 wt % SMPV1 doping ratio in donors achieve 4.06% champion power conversion efficiency (PCE), corresponding to about 21.2% enhancement compared with the 3.35% PCE of P3HT:PC71BM-based PSCs. The underlying mechanism on performance improvement of ternary PSCs can be summarized as (i) harvesting more photons in the longer wavelength region to increase Jsc; (ii) obtaining the lower mixed highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level by incorporating SMPV1 to increase Voc; (iii) forming the better charge carrier transport channels through the cascade energy level structure and optimizing phase separation of donor/acceptor materials to increase Jsc and FF.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University , Beijing 100044, China.
authors.forename: Qiaoshi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: An
authors.forename: Fujun
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Lingliang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Qianqian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Weihua
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Zhenbo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Deng
keywords: charge carrier transfer; energy level; energy transfer; polymer solar cells; ternary strategy