title: Efficacy of a savings-led microfinance intervention to reduce sexual risk for HIV among women engaged in sex work: a randomized clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We tested whether a structural intervention combining savings-led microfinance and HIV prevention components would achieve enhanced reductions in sexual risk among women engaging in street-based sex work in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, compared with an HIV prevention intervention alone.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between November 2011 and August 2012, we randomized 107 eligible women who completed baseline assessments to either a 4-session HIV sexual risk reduction intervention (HIVSRR) alone (n=50) or a 34-session HIVSRR plus a savings-led microfinance intervention (n=57). At 3- and 6-month follow-up assessments, participants reported unprotected acts of vaginal intercourse with paying partners and number of paying partners with whom they engaged in sexual intercourse in the previous 90 days. Using Poisson and zero-inflated Poisson model regressions, we examined the effects of assignment to treatment versus control condition on outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 6-month follow-up, the HIVSRR plus microfinance participants reported significantly fewer paying sexual partners and were more likely to report zero unprotected vaginal sex acts with paying sexual partners.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings advance the HIV prevention repertoire for women, demonstrating that risk reduction may be achieved through a structural intervention that relies on asset building, including savings, and alternatives to income from sex work.
authors.affiliation: Susan Witte, Laura Cordisco Tsai, Marion Riedel, Reid Offringa, Mingway Chang, Nabila El-Bassel, and Fred Ssewamala are with the School of Social Work, Columbia University, New York, NY. Susan Witte, Nabila El-Bassel, and Mingway Chang are also with the Global Health Research Center of Central Asia, Columbia University, New York. Toivgoo Aira is with Wellspring, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, and the Global Health Research Center of Central Asia, Columbia University, New York.
authors.forename: Susan S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Witte
authors.forename: Toivgoo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aira
authors.forename: Laura Cordisco
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Marion
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Riedel
authors.forename: Reid
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Offringa
authors.forename: Mingway
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Nabila
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: El-Bassel
authors.forename: Fred
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ssewamala
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004651:Employment / Q000191:economics* / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000191:economics / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D016012:Poisson Distribution; D011203:Poverty; D015397:Program Evaluation; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D060386:Sex Workers / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D058012:Small Business / Q000191:economics* / Q000379:methods / Q000458:organization & administration; D064890:Social Determinants of Health; D012944:Social Support; D014933:Women's Rights / Q000592:standards* / Q000639:trends