title: Resonance metallic ureteric stent in a case of ketamine bladder induced bilateral ureteric obstruction with one year follow up.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Upper urinary tract occlusion is well recognized in patients with chronic ketamine abuse. The mechanism is generally unknown, but the ulcerative cystitis contracture may be responsible for obstruction. We present the first reported use of the Resonance metallic ureteric stent in the management ureteric obstruction caused by ketamine-induced uropathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 31-year-old lady with one-year history of recreational ketamine abuse presented with symptoms related to drug-induced ulcerative cystitis over twelve-months. She presented with acute renal failure with bilateral pyonephrosis and sepsis, and was initially treated with bilateral nephrostomy insertions and antegrade stenting. The J stents recovered the renal function, but the patient suffered from recurrent urinary tract infections (UTI's) with the prosthesis in-situ. The patient successfully underwent bilateral insertion of 12cm 6.0 French Cook Resonance metallic ureteric stents. One year following the placement of the metallic stents, the patient maintained optimal renal function with no episode of UTI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ketamine induced uropathy is a well documented complication of chronic drug-induced ulcerative cystitis. The mechanical strength and inert property of metallic ureteric stents make it an ideal device to manage this problematic benign cause of ureteric obstruction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first reported case of therapeutic bilateral metallic ureteric stents in the management of patients with ketamine induced uropathy with one year follow up.
authors.affiliation: University of Aberdeen,56C, Ashgrove Road, AB25 3AD Aberdeen, Scotland, UK. Electronic address: gl23yong@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Guo Liang
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Yong
authors.affiliation: University of Glasgow, UK.
authors.forename: Chia Yew
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.affiliation: University of St. George's, UK.
authors.forename: Michelle Wei Xin
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Ooi
authors.affiliation: Monash University Sunway Campus, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Eng Geap
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Lee
keywords: Ketamine induced uropathy; Management; Resonance stent