title: A tobacco-free campus ambassador program and policy compliance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Assess impact and feasibility of a Tobacco-Free Ambassador Program on campus policy compliance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Trained Ambassadors made 253 visits to campus sites over 15 months to observe and/or approach violators.
  
  
  METHODS
  Policy violators were observed at 23 locations during Wave 1 (April-June 2012) and/or Wave 2 (April-June 2013). For locations with at least 5 visits, average violators per visit were compared between the 2 waves using a paired t test. Attributes of violators were summarized. Cigarette butts were collected over 3-day periods in 4 campus hotspots during each wave. Personnel time and cost to implement the program were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were declines in observed violators per Ambassador visit and number of cigarette butts over time. Rate of violators per visit declined from 5.47 to 1.93, a 65% decrease. Personnel time was equal to 1.5 full-time equivalents annually.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Ambassador Program was a feasible and potentially effective strategy to increase policy compliance.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion, College of Education, University of Kentucky , Lexington , Kentucky.
authors.forename: Melinda J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Ickes
authors.forename: Mary Kay
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Rayens
authors.forename: Amanda T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Wiggins
authors.forename: Ellen J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Hahn
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D005260:Female; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016134:Organizational Policy; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D064424:Tobacco Use / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D014495:Universities; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: college; compliance; policy; tobacco control; tobacco-free