title: GLP-1(28-36)amide, a Long Ignored Peptide Revisited.
abstract: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), which has been extensively applied for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is an incretin hormone that regulates glucose homeostasis. GLP-1(28-36)amide, a C-terminal nonapeptide (FIAWLVKGRamide) of GLP-1, is a major product derived from the cleavage of GLP-1 by the neutral endopeptidase (NEP). GLP-1(28-36)amide has long been regarded as a metabolically inactive byproduct, however, recent findings reveal that GLP-1(28-36)amide plays multiple novel roles in ameliorating hepatic metabolism, protecting β cells, improving glucose disposal and inhibiting weight gain. Here, we summarize the latest progress on the effects of GLP-1(28-36)amide with a focus on its roles in regulating the Wnt and mitochondrial-mediated signaling pathways.
authors.affiliation: Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China, 430030.
authors.forename: Bilan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China, 430030.
authors.forename: Kaige
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, The Third Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China, 430060.
authors.forename: Anlin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China, 430030.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China, 430030 ; Centre for Biomedicine Research, Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China, 430075.
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Huang
keywords: Diabetes; GLP-1(28-36)amide; GLP-1-related peptides.