title: High-resolution microendoscope for the detection of cervical neoplasia.
abstract: Cervical cancer causes 275,000 deaths each year with 85 % of these deaths occurring in the developing world. One of the primary reasons for the concentration of deaths in developing countries is a lack of effective screening methods suited for the infrastructure of these countries. In order to address this need, we have developed a high-resolution microendoscope (HRME). The HRME is a fiber-based fluorescence microscope with subcellular resolution. Using the vital stain proflavine, we are able to image cell nuclei in vivo and evaluate metrics such as nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio, critical to identifying precancerous epithelial regions. In this chapter, we detail the materials and methods necessary to build this system from commercially available parts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, MS-142, 6100 Main Street, Suite 519, Houston, TX, 77005-1892, USA.
authors.forename: Benjamin D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Schwarz
authors.forename: Timothy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Quang
authors.forename: Kathleen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Schmeler
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Richards-Kortum
mesh_terms: D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000473:pathology*; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003906:Developing Countries; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005260:Female; D005336:Fiber Optic Technology / Q000191:economics; D006801:Humans; D015907:Hysteroscopy / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011370:Proflavine; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D002578:Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D011370:Proflavine