title: The prevalence of Hymenoptera venom allergy in adults: the results of a very crowded city in Euroasia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There are scarce data about the prevalence of Hymenoptera venom allergy in the general population. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Hymenoptera venom allergy in the general adult population of Istanbul.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 17,064 randomly selected telephone numbers were contacted and 11,816 (69.25%) individuals who agreed to participate completed a questionnaire. Those who disclosed hypersensitivity reactions due to Hymenoptera stings in this initial survey were called again and given another questionnaire. Those who were suspected of experiencing hypersensitivity reactions to Hymenoptera stings were invited for a clinical investigation with in vivo and in vitro diagnostic tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  According to the first questionnaire, a total of 1171 (9.9%; 95% CI: 9.38-10.47%) were suspected of having a hypersensitivity to Hymenoptera stings. 51.75% (n: 606) answered the second questionnaire and 21% (n: 128) of these were still suspected of having a hypersensitivity to Hymenoptera stings (1.1%; 95% CI: 0.9-1.29%). The confirmed prevalence of hypersensitivity to Hymenoptera stings according to skin tests and in vitro sIgE levels was 0.2% (95% CI: 0.14-0.30%). Nearly all of the participants with systemic reactions were admitted to the emergency department, although only one tenth of them received adrenaline in the emergency room. 2.3% carried an adrenaline injector, whereas none of the patients received venom immunotherapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of Hymenoptera sting reactions in our geographical region is comparable with other European studies. There is a need to increase the awareness of adrenaline in the emergency management of insect sting anaphylaxis and venom immunotherapy in the prophylaxis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: gelincikasli@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Aslı
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gelincik
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Halim
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: İşsever
authors.affiliation: Division of Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Derya
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Unal
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Erol
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Işık
authors.affiliation: Division of Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Demirturk
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hülya
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gül
authors.affiliation: Division of Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Raim
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: İliaz
authors.affiliation: Division of Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Erdal
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kara
authors.affiliation: Division of Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Belkıs
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ertek
authors.affiliation: Division of Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ferhan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Özşeker
authors.affiliation: Division of Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Bahattin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Çolakoğlu
authors.affiliation: Division of Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Suna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Büyüköztürk
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000485:Allergens / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D002947:Cities; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006927:Hymenoptera / Q000276:immunology*; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology*; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000276:immunology; D007299:Insect Bites and Stings; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011159:Population Surveillance; D015995:Prevalence; D012882:Skin Tests; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology; D014688:Venoms / Q000276:immunology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D014688:Venoms; D007073:Immunoglobulin E
keywords: Adrenaline; Anaphylaxis; Epidemiology; Hymenoptera venom allergy; Prevalence