title: In vitro enamel remineralization capacity of composite resins containing sodium trimetaphosphate and fluoride.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated the in vitro enamel remineralization capacity of experimental composite resins containing sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) combined or not with fluoride (F).
  
  
  METHODS
  Bovine enamel slabs were selected upon analysis of initial surface hardness (SH1) and after induction of artificial carious lesions (SH2). Experimental resins were as follows: resin C (control—no sodium fluoride (NaF) or TMP), resin F (with 1.6% NaF), resin TMP (with 14.1% TMP), and resin TMP/F (with NaF and TMP). Resin samples were made and attached to enamel slabs (n = 12 slabs per material). Those specimens (resin/enamel slab) were subjected to pH cycling to promote remineralization, and then final surface hardness (SH3) was measured to calculate the percentage of surface hardness recovery (%SH). The integrated recovery of subsurface hardness (ΔKHN) and F concentration in enamel were also determined. Data was analyzed by ANOVA and Student-Newman-Keuls test (p < 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Resins F and TMP/F showed similar SH3 values (p = 0.478) and %SH (p = 0.336) and differed significantly from the other resins (p < 0.001). Considering ΔKHN values, resin TMP/F presented the lowest area of lesion (p < 0.001). The presence of F on enamel was different among the fluoridated resins (p = 0.042), but higher than in the other resins (p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The addition of TMP to a fluoridated composite resin enhanced its capacity for remineralization of enamel in vitro.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination of two agents with action on enamel favored remineralization, suggesting that composite resins containing sodium trimetaphosphate and fluoride could be indicated for clinical procedures in situations with higher cariogenic challenges.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Program in Dental Science, Araçatuba Dental School, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Adelisa Rodolfo Ferreira
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Tiveron
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric and Community Dentistry, Araçatuba Dental School, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alberto Carlos Botazzo
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Delbem
authors.affiliation: Araçatuba Dental School, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gaban
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Sciences, Araçatuba Dental School, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Kikue Takebayashi
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Sassaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, Araçatuba Dental School, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil. pedrini@foa.unesp.br.|Disciplina de Clínica Integrada, Faculdade de Odontologia do Campus de Araçatuba UNESP, Rua José Bonifácio 1193, Araçatuba, SP, 16015-050, Brasil. pedrini@foa.unesp.br.
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pedrini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000737:chemistry*; D005459:Fluorides / Q000737:chemistry*; D011122:Polyphosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D014074:Tooth Calcification
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; D011122:Polyphosphates; C009293:trimetaphosphoric acid; D005459:Fluorides
keywords: Composite resins; Phosphates; Sodium fluoride; Tooth remineralization