title: Impact of cataract surgery in reducing visual impairment: a review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim was to assess the impact of cataract surgeries in reducing visual disabilities and factors influencing it at three institutes of India.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective chart review was performed in 2013. Data of 4 years were collected on gender, age, residence, presenting a vision in each eye, eye that underwent surgery, type of surgery and the amount the patient paid out of pocket for surgery. Visual impairment was categorized as; absolute blindness (no perception of light); blind (<3/60); severe visual impairment (SVI) (<6/60-3/60); moderate visual impairment (6/18-6/60) and; normal vision (≥6/12). Statistically analysis was performed to evaluate the association between visual disabilities and demographics or other possible barriers. The trend of visual impairment over time was also evaluated. We compared the data of 2011 to data available about cataract cases from institutions between 2002 and 2009.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 108,238 cataract cases (50.6% were female) that underwent cataract surgery at the three institutions. In 2011, 71,615 (66.2%) cases underwent surgery. There were 45,336 (41.9%) with presenting vision < 3/60 and 75,393 (69.7%) had SVI in the fellow eye. Blindness at presentation for cataract surgery was associated to, male patients, Institution 3 (Dristi Netralaya, Dahod) surgeries after 2009, cataract surgeries without Intra ocular lens implant implantation, and patients paying <25 US $ for surgery. Predictors of SVI at time of cataract surgery were, male, Institution 3 (OM), phaco surgeries, those opting to pay 250 US $ for cataract surgeries.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with cataract seek eye care in late stages of visual disability. The goal of improving vision related quality of life for cataract patients during the early stages of visual impairment that is common in industrialized countries seems to be non-attainable in the rural India.
authors.affiliation: Department of Research, King Khalid Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Rajiv
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Khandekar
authors.affiliation: Department of Research, King Khalid Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Anand
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sudhan
authors.affiliation: Department of Research, King Khalid Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.affiliation: Department of Research, King Khalid Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Madan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Deshpande
authors.affiliation: Department of Research, King Khalid Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Kuldeep
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dole
authors.affiliation: Department of Research, King Khalid Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mahul
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Department of Research, King Khalid Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Shreya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shah
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002387:Cataract Extraction; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology; D019987:Persons with Visual Disabilities / Q000534:rehabilitation*
keywords: Blind; Cataract; Severe Visual Impairment; Visual Acuity