title: Scheimpflug camera in the quantitative assessment of reproducibility of high-speed corneal deformation during intraocular pressure measurement.
abstract: The paper presents an original analysis method of corneal deformation images from the ultra-high-speed Scheimpflug camera (Corvis ST tonometer). Particular attention was paid to deformation frequencies exceeding 100 Hz and their reproducibility in healthy subjects examined repeatedly. A total of 4200 images with a resolution of 200 × 576 pixels were recorded. The data derived from 3 consecutive measurements from 10 volunteers with normal corneas. A new image analysis algorithm, written in Matlab with the use of the Image Processing package, adaptive image filtering, morphological analysis methods and fast Fourier transform, was proposed. The following results were obtained: (1) reproducibility of the eyeball reaction in healthy subjects with precision of 10%, (2) corneal vibrations with a frequency of 369 ± 65 Hz (3) and amplitude of 7.86 ± 1.28 µm, (4) the phase shift within two parts of the cornea of the same subject of about 150°. The result of image sequence analysis for one subject and deformations with a corneal frequency response above 100 Hz.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Computer Systems, University of Silesia, Faculty of Computer Science and Materials Science, Institute of Computer Science, ul. Będzińska 39, Sosnowiec, 41-200, Poland. robert.koprow@us.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Koprowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology of the Federal University of São Paulo & Rio de Janeiro Corneal Tomography and Biomechanics Study Group of the Instituto de Olhos Renato Ambrósio, Rua Conde de Bonfim 211 / 712, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - CEP: 20520-050, Brasil.
authors.forename: Renato
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ambrósio
authors.affiliation: OCULUS Optikgeräte GmbH, Münchholzhäuser Straße 29, 35582, Wetzlar, Germany.
authors.forename: Sven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Reisdorf
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000388:Air; D000465:Algorithms; D003315:Cornea / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology*; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D008875:Middle Aged; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated / Q000379:methods; D010812:Physical Stimulation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014065:Tonometry, Ocular / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D014732:Vibration; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Corvis ST tonometer; Scheimpflug images; high-speed deformation; image processing; measurement automation; ultra-high-speed Scheimpflug camera; vibrations