title: The epidemiology and targeted therapies for relapsed and refractory CD30+ lymphomas.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma (sALCL) both have consistent expression of CD30, a cytokine receptor that is expressed by activated T and B cells but is largely absent from normal tissue.
  
  
  METHODS
  A literature search was conducted via PubMed, Google Scholar, and UpToDate to identify relevant peer-reviewed original research or review articles on HL, sALCL, and CD30 targeted therapies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  These lymphomas are both more common among males, young adults and the elderly. Although many patients with HL and sALCL can achieve long-term remission after standard first-line therapy, up to a third of these patients are refractory to or relapse after initial therapy. Among these relapsed/refractory patients, many experience disease progression and/or death despite subsequent treatment, and treatment-related adverse events and mortality are not uncommon. To address the need for safer and more effective therapies for these relapsed/refractory patients, researchers have developed therapies that specifically target CD30-expressing cells. Brentuximab vedotin, an antibody-drug conjugate that selectively delivers a toxic microtubule-disrupting agent to malignant cells with CD30 expression, is the first such therapy to be approved in the US and Europe. In clinical trials, brentuximab vedotin has demonstrated efficacy and safety in patients with HL after failure of autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT), or after failure of at least two prior multi-agent chemotherapy regimens in patients who are not ASCT candidates, and in patients with sALCL after failure of at least one prior multi-agent chemotherapy regimen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HL and sALCL are both CD30+ lymphomas, and therapies like brentuximab vedotin that target cells expressing CD30 hold promise for the treatment of these diseases.
authors.affiliation: Analysis Group Inc. , Boston, MA , USA.
authors.forename: Alexander R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Macalalad
authors.forename: Megan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McAuliffe
authors.forename: Hongbo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kageleiry
authors.forename: Yichen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Eric Q
authors.initials: EQ
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Oluwatoyin
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Shonukan
authors.forename: Vijayveer
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bonthapally
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000079963:Brentuximab Vedotin; D019468:Disease Management; D018450:Disease Progression; D006689:Hodgkin Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D018796:Immunoconjugates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017730:Ki-1 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism*; D017728:Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy / Q000379:methods; D012008:Recurrence; D012737:Sex Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D018796:Immunoconjugates; D017730:Ki-1 Antigen; D000079963:Brentuximab Vedotin
keywords: Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma; CD30 antigen; Epidemiology; Hodgkin lymphoma; Review literature; Targeted molecular therapy