title: Prognostic significance of Nestin expression in pT1 high- grade bladder urothelial carcinoma patients treated with intravesical BCG.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Possible roles of nestin expression in terms of predicting intravesical BCG therapy response in T1 high grade bladder cancer patients were investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  T1 high grade bladder cancer patients who were treated with intravesical BCG between 1990-2009 were included. Immunohistochemical staining for nestin expression was performed. Nestin(+) and nestin(-) patients were compared in terms of recurrence and progression rates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-three patients were included and median follow-up time was twenty-five months. After staining; 33 patients (52.4%) were classified as nestin (+) and 30 (47.6%) as (-). Nestin (+) patients were more likely to recur compared to nestin (-) patients (60.6% vs. 30%, p<0.05). Progression rates were also higher in nestin (+) patients, although this result did not reach statistical significance (15.2 % vs. 10 %, p=0.710).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nestin expression, which seems effective in predicting recurrence, appears to have a potential role in the urothelial carcinoma tumorigenesis. Patients with high grade bladder cancer and positive nestin expression need close follow-up and might be informed about more tendency to recur. Further comprehensive studies including larger patient cohorts may clarify the role of nestin in bladder cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey E-mail : sen_volkan@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Volkan
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sen
authors.forename: Ozan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bozkurt
authors.forename: Omer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Demir
authors.forename: Burcin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tuna
authors.forename: Kutsal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yorukoglu
authors.forename: Hulya
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ellidokuz
authors.forename: Ugur
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Mungan
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000283:Administration, Intravesical; D000368:Aged; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008297:Male; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D064231:Nestin / Q000378:metabolism*; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D001500:BCG Vaccine; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C577484:NES protein, human; D064231:Nestin