title: Immunological parameters in prophylactic sublingual immunotherapy in asymptomatic subjects sensitized to Japanese cedar pollen.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study aims to examine the immunological parameters, focusing IL-10 productivity, in prophylactic sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) in asymptomatic subjects sensitized to Japanese cedar pollen (JCP).
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was conducted as part of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multiple center trial, and was performed for two consecutive pollen seasons in 2012 and 2013. The present results were based only on our institution. We recruited 29 participants with specific IgE against JCP of at class 2 and higher levels without history of the pollinosis symptoms at the time of JCP scattering. The SLIT group received standardized JCP extract for five months over the pollen season. We observed and judged development of the symptoms in the pollen season. The percentage of IL-10 producing CD4(+) T (Trl) cells, B cells and monocytes were analyzed by flow cytometry. JCP specific IgE and total IgE were also measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ratio of development of cedar pollinosis was significantly lower in the SLIT group compared to the placebo group in 2013. In 2012, the percentage of circulating Tr1 cells and IL-10 producing monocytes significantly increased in the SLIT group. In 2013, the percentage of circulating Tr1 cells and IL-10 producing B cells increased significantly in the SLIT group. The percentage of circulating IL-10 producing monocytes significantly decreased in the placebo group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prophylactic SLIT is effective for prevention of the development of pollinosis. Induction of IL-10 producing T cells, B cells and monocytes is an important mechanism of SLIT for prevention of pollinosis in asymptomatic but sensitized subjects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan.
authors.forename: Kei-ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamanaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan.
authors.forename: Said Ahmad
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakaida
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan.
authors.forename: Akisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamagiwa
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Mie National Hospital, Mie, Japan.
authors.forename: Sawako
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan.
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mizutani
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan. Electronic address: kazuhiko@clin.medic.mie-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000485:Allergens / Q000276:immunology*; D058070:Asymptomatic Diseases; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers; D032485:Cryptomeria; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D011058:Pollen; D056990:Post-Exposure Prophylaxis; D011379:Prognosis; D006255:Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D063729:Sublingual Immunotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D015415:Biomarkers; D016753:Interleukin-10; D007073:Immunoglobulin E
keywords: Immunotherapy; Interleukin-10; Mononuclear cells; Regulatory T cells; T cells