title: Estimating cocoa bean parameters by FT-NIRS and chemometrics analysis.
abstract: Rapid analysis of cocoa beans is an important activity for quality assurance and control investigations. In this study, Fourier transform near infrared spectroscopy (FT-NIRS) and chemometric techniques were attempted to estimate cocoa bean quality categories, pH and fermentation index (FI). The performances of the models were optimised by cross-validation and examined by identification rate (%), correlation coefficient (Rpre) and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) in the prediction set. The optimal identification model by back propagation artificial neural network (BPANN) was 99.73% at 5 principal components. The efficient variable selection model derived by synergy interval back propagation artificial neural network regression (Si-BPANNR) was superior for pH and FI estimation. Si-BPANNR model for pH was Rpre=0.98 and RMSEP=0.06, while for FI was Rpre=0.98 and RMSEP=0.05. The results demonstrated that FT-NIRS together with BPANN and Si-BPANNR model could successfully be used for cocoa beans examination.
authors.affiliation: School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Road 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, PR China; School of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Engineering, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana. Electronic address: teyernest@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ernest
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Teye
authors.affiliation: School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Road 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, PR China.
authors.forename: Xingyi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: School of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Engineering, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
authors.forename: Livingstone K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Sam-Amoah
authors.affiliation: Cocoa Research Institute, Physiology & Biochemistry Division, New Tafo-Akim, Ghana.
authors.forename: Jemmy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Takrama
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Boison
authors.affiliation: Quality Control Company Limited, Cocobod Kade, Ghana.
authors.forename: Francis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Botchway
authors.affiliation: School of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Engineering, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
authors.forename: Francis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kumi
mesh_terms: D002099:Cacao / Q000737:chemistry*; D005285:Fermentation; D025341:Principal Component Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Cocoa bean categories; FT-NIRS; Fermentation index; Multivariate algorithms; pH