title: Use of alginate, chitosan and cellulose nanocrystals as emulsion stabilizers in the synthesis of biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles.
abstract: Biopolymeric nanoparticles (NPs) based on a biodegradable poly(DL-Lactide-co-Glycolide) PLGA copolymer matrix combined with alginate, chitosan and nanostructured cellulose crystals as three different natural emulsion stabilizers, were synthesized by a double emulsion (water/oil/water) method with subsequent solvent evaporation. The morphological, thermal, chemical and rheological properties of the novel designed NPs and the effect of the different emulsion stabilizers used during the synthesis were deeply investigated in order to optimize the synthesis procedure and the development of biodegradable nanoparticles coated with natural polymers. The morphological analysis of the produced nanoparticles showed that all the different formulations presented a spherical shape with smooth surface. Infrared spectroscopy investigations showed that the PLGA copolymer maintained its backbone structure and confirmed the presence of chitosan, alginate and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) on the nanoparticle surface. The obtained results suggest that PLGA nanoparticles with CNC as emulsion stabilizer might represent promising formulations opening new perspective in the field of self-assembly of biodegradable nanomaterials for medical and pharmaceutical applications.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, Madrid 28006, Spain. Electronic address: nicoletta@ictp.csic.es.
authors.forename: Nicoletta
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rescignano
authors.affiliation: Materials Engineering Centre, UdR INSTM, University of Perugia, Strada di Pentima, 4, 05100 Terni, Italy.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fortunati
authors.affiliation: Materials Engineering Centre, UdR INSTM, University of Perugia, Strada di Pentima, 4, 05100 Terni, Italy.
authors.forename: Ilaria
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Armentano
authors.affiliation: Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, Madrid 28006, Spain.
authors.forename: Rebeca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hernandez
authors.affiliation: Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, Madrid 28006, Spain.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mijangos
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: Rossana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pasquino
authors.affiliation: Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, Madrid 28006, Spain; Materials Engineering Centre, UdR INSTM, University of Perugia, Strada di Pentima, 4, 05100 Terni, Italy.
authors.forename: José Maria
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Kenny
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates / Q000737:chemistry*; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry*; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D004655:Emulsions / Q000737:chemistry; D020723:Glucuronic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D006603:Hexuronic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D036103:Nanotechnology; D011098:Polyglactin 910 / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D004655:Emulsions; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D011098:Polyglactin 910; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D002482:Cellulose; D048271:Chitosan
keywords: Biodegradable nanoparticles; Cellulose nanocrystals; Chitosan; Emulsion stabilizer; Poly(dl-Lactide-co-Glycolide); Sodium alginate