title: Shared rhytidectomy continued to lateral canthoplasty in a Mastiff with excessive facial folding and macroblepharon.
abstract: A 3.5-year-old male Neapolitan Mastiff was presented with an obstructed visual axis because of excessive facial skin folds, brow droop, macroblepharon, upper eyelid entropion and lower ectropion-entropion. To address these major defects a technique was performed which combines rhytidectomy with shortening of the palpebral fissure and stabilization of the lateral canthus. Postoperatively the dog showed an unobstructed visual axis with comfortable and symmetrical eyes.
authors.affiliation: Andrea Steinmetz, Klinik für Kleintiere der Universität Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 23, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, Email: steinmetz@kleintierklinik.uni-leipzig.de.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Steinmetz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019882:Blepharoplasty / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D004285:Dogs; D004774:Entropion / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary; D005143:Eyelids / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D015361:Rhytidoplasty / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary
keywords: Brow droop; combined procedure; ectropion; entropion; giant breed dogs; macroblepharon; ophthalmology