title: Graphene/enzyme-encrusted three-dimensional carbon micropillar arrays for mediatorless micro-biofuel cells.
abstract: Two-dimensional graphene is a promising candidate material for use in high-performance enzymatic biofuel cells (EBFCs). In this work, graphene/enzyme has been integrated onto three-dimensional (3D) micropillar arrays in order to obtain efficient enzyme immobilisation and enhanced enzyme loading and facilitate direct electron transfer. The fabrication process of this system combines top-down carbon microelectromechanical systems (C-MEMS) to fabricate the 3D micropillar array platform and bottom-up electrophoretic deposition (EPD) to deposit the graphene/enzyme onto the electrode surface. The amperometric response of the graphene-based bioelectrode exhibited excellent electrochemical activity, which indicated the successful co-deposition of graphene with the enzymes. The developed 3D graphene/enzyme network-based EBFC generated a maximum power density of 136.3 μW cm(-2) at 0.59 V, which is almost seven times the maximum power density of the bare 3D carbon micropillar array-based EBFC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Florida International University, 10555 W. Flagler St., Miami, FL 33174, USA. wangc@fiu.edu.
authors.forename: Yin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Chunhui
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chunlei
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang