title: Leg soft tissue position and velocity data from skin markers can be obtained with good to acceptable reliability following heel impacts.
abstract: Quantifying soft tissue motion following impact is important in human motion analysis as soft tissues attenuate potentially injurious forces resulting from activities such as running and jumping. This study determined the reliability of leg soft tissue position and velocity following heel impacts. A grid of black dots was applied to the skin of the right leg and foot (n = 20). Dots were automatically detected (ProAnalyst(®)) from high-speed records of pendulum and drop impacts. Three trained measurers selected columns of dots on each participant for analysis; one measurer 6 months later. Between- and within-measurer differences in kinematic variables were all relatively small (<0.8 cm for position; <3.7 cm/s for velocity) between-measurers and (<0.5 cm for position; <2.6 cm/s for velocity) within-measurer. Good (coefficients of variation (CV) ≤ 10%) to acceptable (CV > 10% and ≤20%) reliability was shown for 95% of the position measures, with mean CVs of 10% and 11% within-measurers and between-measures, respectively. Velocity measures were less reliable; 40% of the measures showed good to marginal (CV > 20% and ≤30%) reliability. This study established that leg soft tissue position data from skin markers could be obtained with good to acceptable reliability following heel impacts. Velocity data were less reliable but still acceptable in many cases.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Kinesiology , University of Windsor , Windsor ON , Canada.
authors.forename: Evan A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Brydges
authors.forename: Timothy A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Burkhart
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Altenhof
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Andrews
mesh_terms: D061725:Accelerometry; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D035002:Lower Extremity / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012879:Skin Physiological Phenomena; D014741:Video Recording; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: between-measurer; coefficients of variation; lower extremity; within-measurer