title: Clothing resultant thermal insulation determined on a movable thermal manikin. Part II: effects of wind and body movement on local insulation.
abstract: Part II of this two-part series study was focused on examining the effects of wind and body movement on local clothing thermal insulation. Seventeen clothing ensembles with different layers (i.e., 1, 2, or 3 layers) were selected for this study. Local thermal insulation with different air velocities (0.15, 1.55, and 4.0 m/s) and walking speeds (0, 0.75, and 1.17 m/s) were investigated on a thermal manikin. Empirical equations for estimating local resultant clothing insulation as a function of local insulation, air velocity, and walking speed were developed. The results showed that the effects of wind and body movement on local resultant thermal resistance are complex and differ distinctively among different body parts. In general, the reductions of local insulation with wind at the chest, abdomen, and pelvis were greater than those at the lower leg and back, and the changes at the body extremity such as the forearm, thigh, and lower leg were higher than such immobile body parts as the chest and back. In addition, the wind effect interacted with the walking effect. This study may have important applications in human local thermal comfort modeling and functional clothing design.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Clothing Physiology and Ergonomics, National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
authors.forename: Yehu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Clothing Physiology and Ergonomics, National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China. faming.wong@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Faming
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
authors.forename: Xianfu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: Department of Apparel, Events, and Hospitality Management, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
authors.forename: Guowen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Clothing Physiology and Ergonomics, National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
authors.forename: Chengjiao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Clothing Physiology and Ergonomics, National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D001833:Body Temperature Regulation; D003020:Clothing; D005121:Extremities; D008348:Manikins; D060726:Torso; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology*; D014919:Wind
keywords: Local resultant insulation; Local thermal comfort; Local thermal insulation; Pumping effect; Thermal manikin