title: Emerging themes for sensitivity training modules of African healthcare workers attending to men who have sex with men: a systematic review.
abstract: Sensitivity training of front-line African health care workers (HCWs) attending to men who have sex with men (MSM) is actively promoted through national HIV prevention programming in Kenya. Over 970 Kenyan-based HCWs have completed an eight-modular online training free of charge (http://www.marps-africa.org) since its creation in 2011. Before updating these modules, we performed a systematic review of published literature of MSM studies conducted in sub-Saharan Africa (sSA) in the period 2011-2014, to investigate if recent studies provided: important new knowledge currently not addressed in existing online modules; contested information of existing module topics; or added depth to topics covered already. We used learning objectives of the eight existing modules to categorise data from the literature. If data could not be categorised, new modules were suggested. Our review identified 142 MSM studies with data from sSA, including 34 studies requiring module updates, one study contesting current content, and 107 studies reinforcing existing module content. ART adherence and community engagement were identified as new modules. Recent MSM studies conducted in sSA provided new knowledge, contested existing information, and identified new areas of MSM service needs currently unaddressed in the online training.
authors.affiliation: Kenya Medical Research Institute, Centre for Geographic Medicine Research-Coast, P.O. Box 230, Kiliﬁ, Kenya maartje.dijkstra@amc.nl.
authors.forename: Maartje
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dijkstra
authors.affiliation: Kenya Medical Research Institute, Centre for Geographic Medicine Research-Coast, P.O. Box 230, Kiliﬁ, Kenya.
authors.forename: Elise M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: van der Elst
authors.affiliation: Kenya Medical Research Institute, Centre for Geographic Medicine Research-Coast, P.O. Box 230, Kiliﬁ, Kenya.
authors.forename: Murugi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Micheni
authors.affiliation: Kenya Medical Research Institute, Centre for Geographic Medicine Research-Coast, P.O. Box 230, Kiliﬁ, Kenya.
authors.forename: Evanson
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gichuru
authors.affiliation: National AIDS and STI Control Programme, P.O. Box 19361-00202, Nairobi, Kenya.
authors.forename: Helgar
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Musyoki
authors.affiliation: Desmond Tutu HIV Foundation, Anzio Road, Observatory 7705, Cape Town, South Africa.
authors.forename: Zoe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Duby
authors.affiliation: Amsterdam Institute for Global Health Development, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 22700 1100 DE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Global Health, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 22700 1100 DE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Joep M A
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lange
authors.affiliation: Kenya Medical Research Institute, Centre for Geographic Medicine Research-Coast, P.O. Box 230, Kiliﬁ, Kenya University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
authors.forename: Susan M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Graham
authors.affiliation: Kenya Medical Research Institute, Centre for Geographic Medicine Research-Coast, P.O. Box 230, Kiliﬁ, Kenya Department of Global Health, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 22700 1100 DE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Nufﬁeld Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK.
authors.forename: Eduard J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Sanders
mesh_terms: D003479:Curriculum; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D006282:Health Personnel / Q000193:education*; D006296:Health Services; D063509:Homophobia; D018451:Homosexuality, Male; D006801:Humans; D007630:Kenya; D008297:Male; D012111:Residence Characteristics
keywords: ART adherence; Community engagement; Healthcare worker; MSM sensitivity training; Sub-Saharan Africa