title: Innate immune recognition of cancer.
abstract: The observation that a subset of cancer patients show evidence for spontaneous CD8+ T cell priming against tumor-associated antigens has generated renewed interest in the innate immune pathways that might serve as a bridge to an adaptive immune response to tumors. Manipulation of this endogenous T cell response with therapeutic intent-for example, using blocking antibodies inhibiting PD-1/PD-L1 (programmed death-1/programmed death ligand 1) interactions-is showing impressive clinical results. As such, understanding the innate immune mechanisms that enable this T cell response has important clinical relevance. Defined innate immune interactions in the cancer context include recognition by innate cell populations (NK cells, NKT cells, and γδ T cells) and also by dendritic cells and macrophages in response to damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Recent evidence has indicated that the major DAMP driving host antitumor immune responses is tumor-derived DNA, sensed by the stimulator of interferon gene (STING) pathway and driving type I IFN production. A deeper knowledge of the clinically relevant innate immune pathways involved in the recognition of tumors is leading toward new therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and.
authors.forename: Seng-Ryong
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.forename: Leticia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Corrales
authors.forename: Thomas F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Gajewski
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D003165:Complement System Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System / Q000166:cytology; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007167:Immunotherapy; D008024:Ligands; D008262:Macrophage Activation; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D064307:Microbiota; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D008024:Ligands; D003165:Complement System Proteins
keywords: STING; cancer immunotherapy; innate immune sensing; tumor immunity; type I interferons