title: Age-associated differences in global and segmental control during dual-task walking under sub-optimal sensory conditions.
abstract: The ability to safely perform cognitive-motor dual-tasks is critical for independence of older adults. We compared age-associated differences in global and segmental control during dual-task walking in sub-optimal sensory conditions. Thirteen young (YA) and 13 healthy older (OA) adults walked a straight pathway with cognitive dual-task of walking-while-talking (WT) or no-WT under four sensory conditions. On randomly selected trials, visual and vestibular inputs were manipulated using blurring goggles (BV) and Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation (GVS), respectively. Gait speed decreased more in YA than OA during WT. Gait speed increased with GVS with normal vision but not BV. Step length considerably decreased with WT. Trunk roll significantly decreased only in OA with GVS in WT. Head roll significantly decreased with GVS regardless of age. Results indicate GVS-induced adaptations were dependent on available visual information. YA reduced their gait speed more than OA to achieve a similar pace to safely perform WT. GVS resulted in both age-groups to reduce head movement. However, with the addition of WT during GVS, OA also stiffened their trunk. Therefore, with increased attentional demands healthy OA employed different compensatory strategies than YA to maintain postural control.
authors.affiliation: School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada. Electronic address: nandinijd@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Nandini
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Deshpande
authors.affiliation: School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hewston
authors.affiliation: School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Mika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging; D001288:Attention; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D004856:Postural Balance / Q000502:physiology; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D012678:Sensation Disorders; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014785:Vision, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Aging; Dual-task; Gait; Postural control; Visual–vestibular interaction