title: The bacterial flagellar motor and its structural diversity.
abstract: The bacterial flagellum is a reversible rotary motor powered by an electrochemical-potential difference of specific ions across the cytoplasmic membrane. The H(+)-driven motor of Salmonella spins at ∼300 Hz, whereas the Na(+)-driven motor of marine Vibrio spp. can rotate much faster, up to 1700 Hz. A highly conserved motor structure consists of the MS ring, C ring, rod, and export apparatus. The C ring and the export apparatus show dynamic properties for exerting their functional activities. Various additional structures surrounding the conserved motor structure are observed in different bacterial species. In this review we summarize our current understanding of the structure, function, and assembly of the flagellar motor in Salmonella and marine Vibrio.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. Electronic address: tohru@fbs.osaka-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Minamino
authors.affiliation: Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan.
authors.forename: Katsumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Imada
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D018407:Bacterial Physiological Phenomena; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000502:physiology; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D005407:Flagella / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D020409:Molecular Motor Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D011522:Protons; D019779:Salmonella enterica / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D012964:Sodium
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D020409:Molecular Motor Proteins; D011522:Protons; D012964:Sodium
keywords: bacterial flagellum; flagellar assembly; protein export; rotary motor; stator assembly