title: Model for individualized prediction of breast cancer risk after a benign breast biopsy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Optimal early detection and prevention for breast cancer depend on accurate identification of women at increased risk. We present a risk prediction model that incorporates histologic features of biopsy tissues from women with benign breast disease (BBD) and compare its performance to the Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Tool (BCRAT).
  
  
  METHODS
  We estimated the age-specific incidence of breast cancer and death from the Mayo BBD cohort and then combined these estimates with a relative risk model derived from 377 patient cases with breast cancer and 734 matched controls sampled from the Mayo BBD cohort to develop the BBD-to-breast cancer (BBD-BC) risk assessment tool. We validated the model using an independent set of 378 patient cases with breast cancer and 728 matched controls from the Mayo BBD cohort and compared the risk predictions from our model with those from the BCRAT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The BBD-BC model predicts the probability of breast cancer in women with BBD using tissue-based and other risk factors. The concordance statistic from the BBD-BC model was 0.665 in the model development series and 0.629 in the validation series; these values were higher than those from the BCRAT (0.567 and 0.472, respectively). The BCRAT significantly underpredicted breast cancer risk after benign biopsy (P = .004), whereas the BBD-BC predictions were appropriately calibrated to observed cancers (P = .247).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We developed a model using both demographic and histologic features to predict breast cancer risk in women with BBD. Our model more accurately classifies a woman's breast cancer risk after a benign biopsy than the BCRAT.
authors.affiliation: V. Shane Pankratz, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM; Amy C. Degnim, Ryan D. Frank, Marlene H. Frost, Daniel W. Visscher, Robert A. Vierkant, Tina J. Hieken, Karthik Ghosh, Celine M. Vachon, and Lynn C. Hartmann, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Yaman Tarabishy, Washington University, St Louis, St Louis, MO; and Derek C. Radisky, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL.
authors.forename: V Shane
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Pankratz
authors.affiliation: V. Shane Pankratz, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM; Amy C. Degnim, Ryan D. Frank, Marlene H. Frost, Daniel W. Visscher, Robert A. Vierkant, Tina J. Hieken, Karthik Ghosh, Celine M. Vachon, and Lynn C. Hartmann, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Yaman Tarabishy, Washington University, St Louis, St Louis, MO; and Derek C. Radisky, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL.
authors.forename: Amy C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Degnim
authors.affiliation: V. Shane Pankratz, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM; Amy C. Degnim, Ryan D. Frank, Marlene H. Frost, Daniel W. Visscher, Robert A. Vierkant, Tina J. Hieken, Karthik Ghosh, Celine M. Vachon, and Lynn C. Hartmann, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Yaman Tarabishy, Washington University, St Louis, St Louis, MO; and Derek C. Radisky, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL.
authors.forename: Ryan D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Frank
authors.affiliation: V. Shane Pankratz, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM; Amy C. Degnim, Ryan D. Frank, Marlene H. Frost, Daniel W. Visscher, Robert A. Vierkant, Tina J. Hieken, Karthik Ghosh, Celine M. Vachon, and Lynn C. Hartmann, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Yaman Tarabishy, Washington University, St Louis, St Louis, MO; and Derek C. Radisky, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL.
authors.forename: Marlene H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Frost
authors.affiliation: V. Shane Pankratz, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM; Amy C. Degnim, Ryan D. Frank, Marlene H. Frost, Daniel W. Visscher, Robert A. Vierkant, Tina J. Hieken, Karthik Ghosh, Celine M. Vachon, and Lynn C. Hartmann, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Yaman Tarabishy, Washington University, St Louis, St Louis, MO; and Derek C. Radisky, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL.
authors.forename: Daniel W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Visscher
authors.affiliation: V. Shane Pankratz, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM; Amy C. Degnim, Ryan D. Frank, Marlene H. Frost, Daniel W. Visscher, Robert A. Vierkant, Tina J. Hieken, Karthik Ghosh, Celine M. Vachon, and Lynn C. Hartmann, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Yaman Tarabishy, Washington University, St Louis, St Louis, MO; and Derek C. Radisky, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL.
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Vierkant
authors.affiliation: V. Shane Pankratz, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM; Amy C. Degnim, Ryan D. Frank, Marlene H. Frost, Daniel W. Visscher, Robert A. Vierkant, Tina J. Hieken, Karthik Ghosh, Celine M. Vachon, and Lynn C. Hartmann, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Yaman Tarabishy, Washington University, St Louis, St Louis, MO; and Derek C. Radisky, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL.
authors.forename: Tina J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Hieken
authors.affiliation: V. Shane Pankratz, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM; Amy C. Degnim, Ryan D. Frank, Marlene H. Frost, Daniel W. Visscher, Robert A. Vierkant, Tina J. Hieken, Karthik Ghosh, Celine M. Vachon, and Lynn C. Hartmann, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Yaman Tarabishy, Washington University, St Louis, St Louis, MO; and Derek C. Radisky, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL.
authors.forename: Karthik
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.affiliation: V. Shane Pankratz, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM; Amy C. Degnim, Ryan D. Frank, Marlene H. Frost, Daniel W. Visscher, Robert A. Vierkant, Tina J. Hieken, Karthik Ghosh, Celine M. Vachon, and Lynn C. Hartmann, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Yaman Tarabishy, Washington University, St Louis, St Louis, MO; and Derek C. Radisky, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL.
authors.forename: Yaman
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tarabishy
authors.affiliation: V. Shane Pankratz, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM; Amy C. Degnim, Ryan D. Frank, Marlene H. Frost, Daniel W. Visscher, Robert A. Vierkant, Tina J. Hieken, Karthik Ghosh, Celine M. Vachon, and Lynn C. Hartmann, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Yaman Tarabishy, Washington University, St Louis, St Louis, MO; and Derek C. Radisky, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL.
authors.forename: Celine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Vachon
authors.affiliation: V. Shane Pankratz, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM; Amy C. Degnim, Ryan D. Frank, Marlene H. Frost, Daniel W. Visscher, Robert A. Vierkant, Tina J. Hieken, Karthik Ghosh, Celine M. Vachon, and Lynn C. Hartmann, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Yaman Tarabishy, Washington University, St Louis, St Louis, MO; and Derek C. Radisky, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL.
authors.forename: Derek C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Radisky
authors.affiliation: V. Shane Pankratz, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM; Amy C. Degnim, Ryan D. Frank, Marlene H. Frost, Daniel W. Visscher, Robert A. Vierkant, Tina J. Hieken, Karthik Ghosh, Celine M. Vachon, and Lynn C. Hartmann, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Yaman Tarabishy, Washington University, St Louis, St Louis, MO; and Derek C. Radisky, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL. hartmann.lynn@mayo.edu.
authors.forename: Lynn C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Hartmann
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001706:Biopsy / Q000379:methods*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D015233:Models, Statistical; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult