title: Pectin Micro- and Nano-capsules of Retinyl Palmitate as Cosmeceutical Carriers for Stabilized Skin Transport.
abstract: Retinyl palmitate (RP)-loaded pectinate micro- and nano-particles (PMP and PNP) were designed for stabilization of RP that is widely used as an anti-wrinkle agent in anti-aging cosmeceuticals. PMP/PNP were prepared with an ionotropic gelation method, and anti-oxidative activity of the particles was measured with a DPPH assay. The stability of RP in the particles along with pectin gel and ethanolic solution was then evaluated. In vitro release and skin permeation studies were performed using Franz diffusion cells. Distribution of RP in each skin tissue (stratum corneum, epidermis, and dermis) was also determined. PMP and PNP could be prepared with mean particle size diameters of 593~843 μm (PMP) and 530 nm (i.e., 0.53 μm, PNP). Anti-oxidative activity of PNP was greater than PMP due largely to larger surface area available for PNP. The stability of RP in PMP and PNP was similar but much greater than RP in pectin bulk gels and ethanolic solution. PMP and PNP showed the abilities to constantly release RP and it could be permeated across the model artificial membrane and rat whole skin. RP was serially deposited throughout the skin layers. This study implies RP loaded PMP and PNP are expected to be advantageous for improved anti-wrinkle effects.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea.
authors.forename: Jieun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ro
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea.
authors.forename: Yeongseok
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyeongmin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyunghee
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea.
authors.forename: Kwon-Eun
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea.
authors.forename: Prakash
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Khadka
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 456-756, Korea.
authors.forename: Gyiae
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea.
authors.forename: Juhyun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea.
authors.forename: Suk Tai
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea.
authors.forename: Jonghwi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea.
authors.forename: Jaehwi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
keywords: Microparticles; Nanoparticles; Pectin; Retinyl palmitate