title: Analysis of morphological markers of chromosomal instability in ascitic fluid.
abstract: Chromosomal instability (CI) plays a major role in the carcinogenesis. Micronuclei, nuclear budding, chromatin bridges,and multipolar mitoses are the morphological markers of CI and have never been studied in routine cytological specimens. Aims of the study is to analyze the significance of morphological markers of CI in malignant and benign ascitic fluid smears. A total of sixty benign and 40 malignant ascitic fluid samples were selected for this study. All the cases with malignant ascitic fluid showed histopathological evidence of malignancy in ovary and omentum. Chromatin bridges, multipolar mitosis (MPM), micronuclei and nuclear budding were counted in 1000 cells in representative May Grunwald Giemsa (MGG) stained smears. The CI markers were correlated with the cytological diagnosis of effusion. The mean number of micronuclei, nuclear budding, chromatin bridge and multipolar mitoses found in malignant effusions were 13.2611.79, 10.1067.07, 2.5362.67, 1.964.5, respectively. The mean number of micronuclei, nuclear budding, anaphase bridges, and MPM found in benign effusion cases were 0.566761.07934, 0.516761.33, 0.66760.25, and 0, respectively. The student t test showed significant differences between malignant and benign ascitic fluid samples for each marker of CI. This is the first comprehensive study of morphological markers of CI in ascitic fluid smears. This study has shown strong correlation between markers of CI and cytological diagnosis of malignancy. In future, the knowledge of these markers can be applied to diagnose malignancy in suspected cases of effusion in difficult situations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: Ruchita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tyagi
authors.affiliation: Department of Cytopathology and Gynecological Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: Pranab
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dey
authors.affiliation: Department of Cytopathology and Gynecological Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: Radha
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Uppal
authors.affiliation: Department of Cytopathology and Gynecological Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: Arvind
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rajwanshi
mesh_terms: D001201:Ascites / Q000235:genetics*; D001202:Ascitic Fluid / Q000166:cytology*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000235:genetics; D043171:Chromosomal Instability / Q000235:genetics*; D004801:Eosine Yellowish-(YS); D005819:Genetic Markers / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008751:Methylene Blue; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D005819:Genetic Markers; C043260:May-Grunwald Giemsa; D008751:Methylene Blue; D004801:Eosine Yellowish-(YS)
keywords: ascitic fluid; carcinoma; chromosomal bridge; chromosomal instability; micronucleus