title: Robotic assisted laparoscopic adrenalectomy: Initial experience from a tertiary care centre in India.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LA) is now considered the standard for treatment of surgically correctable adrenal disorders. Robotic adrenalectomy has been performed worldwide and has established itself as safe, feasible and effective approach. We hereby present the first study in robotic transperitoneal LA from Indian subcontinent.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a retrospective evaluation of 25 patients who had undergone robotic assisted LA at a tertiary health centre by a single surgeon. Demographic, clinical, histopathological and perioperative outcome data were collected and analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age of the patients was 45 years (range: 27-65 years). Eleven male and 14 female patients were operated. Mean operative time was 139 min ± 30 min (range: 110-232 min) and mean blood loss was 85 ml ± 12 ml (range: 34-313 ml). Mean hospital stay was 2.5 ± 1.05 days (range: 2-6 days). Mean visual analogue scale score was 3.2 (range: 1-6) mean analgesic requirement was 50 mg diclofenac daily (range: 0-150 mg). Histopathological evaluation revealed 11 adenomas, eight phaeochromocytomas, two adrenocortical carcinomas, and four myelolipomas. According to Clavien-Dindo classification, three patients developed Grade I post-operative complications namely hypotension and pleural effusion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Robotic adrenalectomy is safe, technically feasible and comfortable to the surgeon. It is easier to perform with a short learning curve.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Mrinal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pahwa
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Archna Rautela
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Pahwa
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Radhika
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Batra
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, University of Arkansas Medical Sciences, Hofstra, USA.
authors.forename: Rtika Ryfka
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Abraham
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, South Kidney Specialist, Hofstra, USA.
authors.forename: Arun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chawla
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Sachin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kathuria
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Ajay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharma
keywords: Laparoscopic adrenalectomy; laparoscopy; myelolipoma; phaeochromocytoma; robotic adrenalectomy