title: Biosynthesis, characterization and enzymatic transesterification of single cell oil of Mucor circinelloides--a sustainable pathway for biofuel production.
abstract: The filamentous fungus Mucor circinelloides URM 4182 was tested to determine its ability to produce single-cell oil suitable for obtaining biodiesel. Cell growth and lipid accumulation were investigated in a medium containing glucose as the main carbon source. A microwave-assisted ethanol extraction technique (microwave power ⩽200 W, 50-60 °C) was established and applied to lipid extraction from the fungal hyphae to obtain high lipid concentration (44%wt) of the dry biomass, which was considerably higher than the quantity obtained by classical solvent methods. The lipid profile showed a considerable amount of oleic acid (39.3%wt), palmitic acid (22.2%wt) and γ-linoleic acid (10.8%wt). Biodiesel was produced by transesterification of the single-cell oil with ethanol using a immobilized lipase from Candida antarctica (Novozym® 435) as the catalyst. (1)H NMR and HPLC analyses confirmed conversion of 93% of the single-cell oil from M. circinelloides into ethyl esters (FAEE).
authors.affiliation: Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, 12602-810 Lorena, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana K F
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, 12602-810 Lorena, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juan D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Rivaldi
authors.affiliation: Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, 12602-810 Lorena, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jayne C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Barbosa
authors.affiliation: Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, 12602-810 Lorena, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: heizir@dequi.eel.usp.br.
authors.forename: Heizir F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: de Castro
mesh_terms: D061249:Batch Cell Culture Techniques; D056804:Biofuels / Q000382:microbiology*; D018533:Biomass; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D002175:Candida / Q000201:enzymology; D004951:Esterification / Q000187:drug effects; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology; D007700:Kinetics; D008049:Lipase / Q000378:metabolism*; D008872:Microwaves; D009089:Mucor / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009821:Oils / Q000378:metabolism*; D066244:Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D059010:Single-Cell Analysis
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D009821:Oils; D008049:Lipase; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Biodiesel; Lipid; Microwave-assisted extraction; Mucor circinelloides; Single-cell oil