title: Targeting Neovascularization in Ischemic Retinopathy: Recent Advances.
abstract: Pathological retinal neovascularization (RNV) is a common micro-vascular complication in several retinal diseases including retinopathy of prematurity, diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration and central vein occlusion. The current therapeutic modalities of RNV are invasive and although they may slow or halt the progression of the disease they are unlikely to restore normal acuity. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop treatment modalities, which are less invasive and therefore associated with fewer procedural complications and systemic side effects. This review article summarizes our understanding of the pathophysiology and current treatment of RNV in ischemic retinopathies; lists potential therapeutic targets; and provides a framework for the development of future treatment modalities.
authors.affiliation: Oral Biology/Anatomy, College of Dental Medicine, GeorgiaRegentsUniversity (GRU), Augusta GA, USA ; Ophthalmology and Vision Discovery Institute, Medical College of Georgia, GRU ; Anatomy, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University-Egypt ; Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, GRU.
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Al-Shabrawey
authors.affiliation: Oral Biology/Anatomy, College of Dental Medicine, GeorgiaRegentsUniversity (GRU), Augusta GA, USA ; Ophthalmology and Vision Discovery Institute, Medical College of Georgia, GRU ; Anatomy, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University-Egypt.
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Elsherbiny
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmology and Vision Discovery Institute, Medical College of Georgia, GRU.
authors.forename: Julian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nussbaum
authors.affiliation: Anatomy, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University-Egypt.
authors.forename: Amira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Othman
authors.affiliation: Oral Biology/Anatomy, College of Dental Medicine, GeorgiaRegentsUniversity (GRU), Augusta GA, USA.
authors.forename: Sylvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Megyerdi
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmology and Vision Discovery Institute, Medical College of Georgia, GRU ; Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, GRU.
authors.forename: Amany
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tawfik
keywords: Inflammation; Lipoxygenase; Oxidative stress; PEDF; PPAR gamma; Retinal neovascularization; Retinopathy; VEGF