title: Bacteriophage-loaded nanostructured lipid carrier: improved pharmacokinetics mediates effective resolution of Klebsiella pneumoniae-induced lobar pneumonia.
abstract: This study examined the therapeutic and prophylactic potential of bacteriophages in a mouse model of Klebsiella pneumoniae lobar pneumonia. Phages were administered intraperitoneally. Liposome-entrapped phages (LP) were effective in treating infection, even when therapy was delayed by 3 days after the induction of pneumonia. In contrast, nonliposomal phages provided protection when administered 24 hours after infection. Administration of nonliposomal phages 6 hours prior to intranasal bacterial challenge resulted in complete protection, compared with LP, which was effective even when administered 48 hours prior to infection. Increased reduction and a greater increment in the levels of proinflammatory and antiinflammatory cytokines, respectively, in homogenates of lung from LP-treated mice were suggestive of increased efficacy of LP in the treatment of pneumonia. This is the first study to assess liposomes as a delivery vehicle for phage, and the results confirm the superiority of LP for both therapeutic and prophylactic applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology.
authors.forename: Saloni
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singla
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology.
authors.forename: Kusum
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Harjai
authors.affiliation: University Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: Om Prakash
authors.initials: OP
authors.lastname: Katare
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology.
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chhibber
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001435:Bacteriophages / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D007710:Klebsiella Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy*; D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae / Q000821:virology*; D008081:Liposomes; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018410:Pneumonia, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D008081:Liposomes
keywords: K. pneumoniae; liposome entrapped phages; phage therapy; prophylaxis; therapy