title: Investigation of the entrance surface dose and dose to different organs in lumbar spine imaging.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dose assessment using proper dosimeters is especially important in radiation protection optimization and imaging justification in diagnostic radiology.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to obtain the Entrance Skin Dose (ESD) of patients undergoing lumbar spine imaging using two thermoluminescence dosimeters TLD-100 (LiF: Mg, Ti) and GR-200 (LiF: Mg, Cu, P) and also to obtain the absorbed dose to different organs in lumbar spine imaging with several views.
  
  
  METHODS
  To measure the ESD values of the patients undergoing lumbar spine imaging, the two TLD types were put on their skin surface. The ESD values for different views of lumbar spine imaging were also measured by putting the TLDs at the surface of the Rando phantom. Several TLD chips were inserted inside different organs of Rando phantom to measure the absorbed dose to different organs in lumbar spine imaging.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results indicate that there is a close agreement between the results of the two dosimeters. Based on the results of this experiment, the ESD dose of the 16 patients included in this study varied between 2.71 mGy and 26.29 mGy with the average of 11.89 mGy for TLD-100, and between 2.55 mGy and 27.41 mGy with the average of 12.32 mGy for GR-200 measurements. The ESDs obtained by putting the two types of TLDs at the surface of Rando phantom are in close agreement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  According to the results, the GR200 has greater sensitivity than the TLD-100.
authors.affiliation: Radiation Research Center, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sina
authors.affiliation: Nuclear Engineering Department, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zeinali
authors.affiliation: Nuclear Engineering Department, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karimipoorfard
authors.affiliation: Nuclear Engineering Department, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lotfalizadeh
authors.affiliation: Nuclear Engineering Department, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sadeghi
authors.affiliation: Nuclear Engineering Department, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zamani
authors.affiliation: Radiation Research Center, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran ; Nuclear Engineering Department, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Faghihi
keywords: Entrance Skin Dose; Rando phantom; TLD-100