title: Genome-wide microRNA expression profiling in placentas of fetuses with Down syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Down syndrome (DS) is the most common aneuploidy, caused by an extra copy of all or part of chromosome 21 (chr21). Differential microRNA (miRNA) expression is involved in many human diseases including DS. However, the genome-wide changes in miRNA expression in DS fetal placentas have yet to be determined, and the function of these changes is also unclear.
  
  
  METHODS
  We profiled genome-wide miRNA expression in placenta samples from euploid or DS fetuses by using microarray technology and predicted the functions of differentially expressed miRNAs using bioinformatics tools.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-four miRNAs were significantly differentially expressed in the DS placenta compared with the normal placenta (16 up-regulated and 18 down-regulated). However, expression of chr21-derived miRNAs did not change. Predicted target genes included 7434 genes targeted by up-regulated miRNAs and 6071 genes targeted by down-regulated miRNAs. Seventy-six of these target genes were located on chr21 (10 genes controlled by down-regulated miRNAs and 34 genes by up-regulated miRNAs, and 32 genes by both). Target genes on chr21 were significantly associated with DS and DS-related disorders, such as mental retardation, neurobehavioral manifestations, and congenital abnormalities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To our knowledge, this is the first genome-wide study to comprehensively survey placental miRNAs in DS fetuses. Our results provide new insight into miRNA expression in placentas of fetuses with DS. Additionally, our findings indicate that the differentially expressed miRNAs in the DS placenta may potentially affect various pathways related to DS pathogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: J Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: paranip@yahoo.co.kr.
authors.forename: S Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: hmryu@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Ryu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015193:Chorionic Villi Sampling; D002891:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21 / Q000378:metabolism; D019295:Computational Biology; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D023281:Genomics / Q000379:methods; D006769:Hospitals, General; D006786:Hospitals, Urban; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010920:Placenta / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D056910:Republic of Korea
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: Down syndrome; Placenta; microRNA