title: Selected pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in cerebrospinal fluid in normal pressure hydrocephalus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a treatable neurological syndrome developing in the elderly. It is characterized by balance impairment, urinary incontinence and dementia development caused by disorders in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation. The diagnosis can be easily mistaken for other neurodegenerative diseases, which are often accompanied by inflammation and the production of cytokines. The aim of our study was to determine and compare selected CSF and plasma cytokines with respect to their informative value for laboratory diagnostics of NPH.
  
  
  METHODS
  The levels of IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-21, IL-22, IL-23, IL-25, IL-31, IL-33, INF-γ, sCD40L and TNF-α were measured in the CSF and plasma in age-matched subjects with NPH (n=20) and controls (n=20) by multiplex assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CSF IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 were significantly increased on the 1st day of lumbar drainage in NPH (p<0.01). No significant changes were observed in the plasma. The CSF cytokines were one to three orders of magnitude higher compared to the plasma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CSF can better show the neurodegenerative changes in the brain. The cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 may be helpful in NPH diagnostics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Lucie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sosvorova
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Josef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vcelak
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Central Military Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Milan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mohapl
authors.affiliation: Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vitku
authors.affiliation: Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bicikova
authors.affiliation: Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hampl
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000276:immunology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D016207:Cytokines / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000276:immunology*; D003704:Dementia / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D006850:Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology*; D004856:Postural Balance; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines