title: Exercise Training and Energy Expenditure following Weight Loss.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aims to determine the effects of aerobic or resistance training on activity-related energy expenditure (AEE; kcal·d(-1)) and physical activity index (activity-related time equivalent (ARTE)) following weight loss. It was hypothesized that weight loss without exercise training would be accompanied by decreases in AEE, ARTE, and nontraining physical activity energy expenditure (nonexercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT)) and that exercise training would prevent decreases in free-living energy expenditure.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred forty premenopausal women had an average weight loss of 25 lb during a diet (800 kcal·d(-1)) of furnished food. One group aerobically trained 3 times per week (40 min·d(-1)), another group resistance-trained 3 times per week (10 exercises/2 sets × 10 repetitions), and the third group did not exercise. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry was used to measure body composition, indirect calorimetry was used to measure resting energy expenditure (REE) and walking energy expenditure, and doubly labeled water was used to measure total energy expenditure (TEE). AEE, ARTE, and nontraining physical activity energy expenditure (NEAT) were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TEE, REE, and NEAT all decreased following weight loss for the no-exercise group, but not for aerobic and resistance trainers. Only REE decreased in the two exercise groups. Resistance trainers increased ARTE. HR and oxygen uptake while walking on the flat and up a grade were consistently related to TEE, AEE, NEAT, and ARTE.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Exercise training prevents a decrease in energy expenditure, including free-living energy expenditure separate from exercise training, following weight loss. Resistance training increases physical activity, whereas economy/ease of walking is associated with increased TEE, AEE, NEAT, and ARTE.
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Human Studies, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; and 2Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
authors.forename: Gary R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Hunter
authors.forename: Gordon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.forename: William H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Neumeier
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.forename: Eric P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Plaisance
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009765:Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D010806:Physical Education and Training / Q000379:methods*; D017697:Premenopause; D055070:Resistance Training; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult