title: Heterogeneous photo-Fenton decolorization of Orange II over Al-pillared Fe-smectite: response surface approach, degradation pathway, and toxicity evaluation.
abstract: A ferric smectite clay material was synthesized and further intercalated with Al2O3 pillars for the first time with the aim of evaluating its ability to be used as heterogeneous catalyst for the photo-Fenton decolorization of azo dye Orange II. UV irradiation was found to enhance the activity of the catalyst in the heterogeneous photo-Fenton process. Catalyst loading of 0.5g/L and hydrogen peroxide concentration of 13.5mM yielded a remarkable color removal, accompanied by excellent catalyst stability. The decolorization of Orange II followed the pseudo-first-order kinetics for initial dye concentrations from 20 to 160mg/L. The central composite design (CCD) based on the response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to evaluate the effects of several operating parameters, namely initial pH, catalyst loading and hydrogen peroxide concentration, on the decolorization efficiency. The RSM model was derived and the response surface plots were developed based on the results. Moreover, the main intermediate products were separated and identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and a possible degradation pathway was proposed accordingly. The acute toxicity experiments illustrated that the Daphniamagna immobilization rate continuously decreased during 150min reaction, indicating that the effluent was suitable for sequential biological treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
authors.forename: Huiyuan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
authors.forename: Yanli
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7285, IC2MP, ENSIP, B1, 1 rue Marcel Doré, TSA 41105, Poitiers 86073 Cedex 9, France.
authors.forename: Luojing
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
authors.forename: Qianqian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
authors.forename: Juanjuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China. Electronic address: eeng@whu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7285, IC2MP, ENSIP, B1, 1 rue Marcel Doré, TSA 41105, Poitiers 86073 Cedex 9, France.
authors.forename: Matte Venkata
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Sivaiah
authors.affiliation: Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7285, IC2MP, ENSIP, B1, 1 rue Marcel Doré, TSA 41105, Poitiers 86073 Cedex 9, France.
authors.forename: Fabien
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Baron
authors.affiliation: Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7285, IC2MP, ENSIP, B1, 1 rue Marcel Doré, TSA 41105, Poitiers 86073 Cedex 9, France.
authors.forename: Joel
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Barrault
authors.affiliation: Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7285, IC2MP, ENSIP, B1, 1 rue Marcel Doré, TSA 41105, Poitiers 86073 Cedex 9, France.
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Petit
authors.affiliation: Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7285, IC2MP, ENSIP, B1, 1 rue Marcel Doré, TSA 41105, Poitiers 86073 Cedex 9, France. Electronic address: sabine.valange@univ-poitiers.fr.
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Valange
mesh_terms: D000537:Aluminum Oxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D001391:Azo Compounds / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects / Q000633:toxicity; D001557:Benzenesulfonates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects / Q000633:toxicity; D003621:Daphnia; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D017640:Silicates / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D001391:Azo Compounds; D001557:Benzenesulfonates; C045076:Fenton's reagent; D017640:Silicates; C033214:Smectite; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D007501:Iron; D000537:Aluminum Oxide; C014722:2-naphthol orange
keywords: Al-pillared Fe-smectite; Degradation pathway; Heterogeneous photo-Fenton; Orange II; Response surface methodology