title: Integrating voice evaluation: correlation between acoustic and audio-perceptual measures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This article aims to establish correlations between acoustic and audio-perceptual measures using the GRBAS scale with respect to four different voice analysis software programs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Exploratory, transversal.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 90 voice records were collected and analyzed with the Dr. Speech (Tiger Electronics, Seattle, WA), Multidimensional Voice Program (Kay Elemetrics, NJ, USA), PRAAT (University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands), and Voice Studio (Seegnal, Oporto, Portugal) software programs. The acoustic measures were correlated to the audio-perceptual parameters of the GRBAS and rated by 10 experts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The predictive value of the acoustic measurements related to the audio-perceptual parameters exhibited magnitudes ranging from weak (R(2)a=0.17) to moderate (R(2)a=0.71). The parameter exhibiting the highest correlation magnitude is B (Breathiness), whereas the weaker correlation magnitudes were found to be for A (Asthenia) and S (Strain). The acoustic measures with stronger predictive values were local Shimmer, harmonics-to-noise ratio, APQ5 shimmer, and PPQ5 jitter, with different magnitudes for each one of the studied software programs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Some acoustic measures are pointed as significant predictors of GRBAS parameters, but they differ among software programs. B (Breathiness) was the parameter exhibiting the highest correlation magnitude.
authors.affiliation: Serviço de Otorrinolaringologia, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Largo Prof. Abel Salazar, Porto, Portugal; Speech Therapy Department-Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Biomedical Engineering Department-Faculty of Engineering, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. Electronic address: svazfreitas@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vaz Freitas
authors.affiliation: Unidade de Cuidados Continuados de Longa Duração e Manutenção da Gelfa, Vila Praia de Âncora, Portugal.
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Melo Pestana
authors.affiliation: Electric and Computer Engineering Department-Faculty of Engineering, Universidade do Porto, Rua Doutor Roberto Frias, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Vítor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.affiliation: Electric and Computer Engineering Department-Faculty of Engineering, Universidade do Porto, Rua Doutor Roberto Frias, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Aníbal
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ferreira
mesh_terms: D000162:Acoustics; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007600:Judgment; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D013018:Sound Spectrography; D013061:Speech Acoustics; D013067:Speech Perception; D013068:Speech Production Measurement / Q000379:methods*; D014832:Voice Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014833:Voice Quality
keywords: Acoustic; Assessment; Audio-perceptual; Correlation; Voice