title: Ryanodine and inositol triphosphate receptors modulate facilitation and tetanic depression at the frog neuromuscular junction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Short-term plasticity of synaptic function is an important physiological control of transmitter release. Short-term plasticity can be regulated by intracellular calcium released by ryanodine and inositol triphosphate (IP3) receptors, but the role of these receptors at the neuromuscular junction is understood incompletely.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured short-term plasticity of evoked endplate potential (EPP) amplitudes from frog neuromuscular junctions treated with ryanodine, 2-aminoethoxydiphenylborane (2-APB), or 1-[6-[[(17β)-3-methoxyestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-yl]amino]hexyl]-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione (U- 73122).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ryanodine decreases paired-pulse facilitation for intervals <20 ms and markedly decreases tetanic depression. Treatment with 2-APB reduces EPP amplitude, increases paired-pulse facilitation for intervals of <20 ms, and significantly reduces tetanic depression. U-73122 decreases EPP amplitude and decreases paired-pulse depression for intervals <20 ms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ryanodine, IP3 receptors, and phospholipase C modulate short-term plasticity of transmitter release at the neuromuscular junction. These results suggest possible targets for improving the safety factor of neuromuscular transmission during repetitive activity of the neuromuscular junction.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antonio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil.
authors.forename: Priscila E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Silveira
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antonio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil.|Departamento Fisiologia e Farmacologia, UFC, Fortaleza, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ricardo F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antonio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jennifer D S
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Guimarães
authors.affiliation: Institut Fédératif de Neurobiologie Alfred Fessard Laboratoire de Neurobiologie et Dévelopement, CNRS, Gif sur Yvette, France.
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Molgó
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antonio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ligia A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Naves
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antonio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kushmerick
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001001:Anura; D001703:Biophysics; D001896:Boron Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004594:Electrophysiology; D004963:Estrenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D053496:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors / Q000378:metabolism*; D009469:Neuromuscular Junction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D011760:Pyrrolidinones / Q000494:pharmacology; D012433:Ryanodine / Q000494:pharmacology; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001896:Boron Compounds; D004963:Estrenes; D053496:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D011760:Pyrrolidinones; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel; C060229:1-(6-((3-methoxyestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-yl)amino)hexyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione; D012433:Ryanodine; C109986:2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate; D002118:Calcium
keywords: IP3 receptor; intracellular Ca2+ stores; neuromuscular junction; ryanodine receptor; short-term plasticity