title: Psychometric Testing of the Spanish Version of the Pain Level Outcome Scale in Hospitalized Patients With Acute Pain.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aims to evaluate the psychometric properties and sensitivity to change of the Spanish version of the Pain Level Outcome Scale.
  
  
  METHODS
  This article applied observational longitudinal validation study with patients suffering from acute pain at three hospitals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study included 73 patients. Inter-rater agreement was kappa = .88 and internal consistency α = .93. Principal components analysis yielded four components that explained 81.86% of the variance; the correlation with the Numerical Pain Intensity Scale was r = -.81.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The version with 17 indicators shows good psychometric properties and adequate sensitivity to change. A Spanish version of the Pain Level Outcome Scale with 17 indicators is proposed as a structured multidimensional instrument to help nurses choose the most appropriate indicators for assessing patients' pain.
authors.affiliation: University Hospital of Jaen, Jaen.|Department of Nursing, University of Jaen, Jaen.
authors.forename: José C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Bellido-Vallejo
authors.affiliation: Case Management, University Hospital of Jaen, Jaen.
authors.forename: María C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Torres
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, University of Jaen, Jaen.
authors.forename: Isabel M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: López-Medina
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, University of Jaen, Jaen.
authors.forename: Pedro L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Pancorbo-Hidalgo
mesh_terms: D059787:Acute Pain / Q000175:diagnosis*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011594:Psychometrics; D013030:Spain
keywords: Acute pain; Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC); validation study