title: Primary androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer in koreans: a retrospective multicenter study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the characteristics of patients who received primary androgen deprivation therapy (PADT) for prostate cancer and the clinical efficacy of this treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred forty patients treated by PADT were reviewed. These patients could not receive definitive therapy owing to old age, patient need, and medical comorbidity. The patients were divided into three groups according to the extent of prostate cancer: localized, locally advanced, and metastatic. Then, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) progression in these groups was analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median age of the patients was 73.0 years, and the median pretreatment PSA level was 47.0 ng/mL. Of the patients, 91.7% were treated with combined androgen blockade, and 8.3% were treated with monotherapy. Clinical factors for PSA progression were a PSA nadir and a high clinical stage. Estimated PSA recurrence-free median survival time in each group was 57, 24, and 12 months, respectively. A PSA nadir of >0.2 ng/mL and metastatic stage were independent factors for expecting a poor response to PADT (hazard ratio 4.26, p<0.001; and 2.60, p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with localized or locally advanced prostate cancer who did not receive definitive therapy had lower PSA progression rates than those at metastatic stage during PADT. Further, a PSA nadir of ≤0.2 ng/mL showed better progression-free survival. Therefore, PADT can be another therapeutic option in well-selected patients with localized or locally advanced prostate cancer and PSA change should be checked carefully.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Won Ik
authors.initials: WI
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Pil Moon
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Tae Hyo
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung Hyun
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Hyun
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Isaac Yi
authors.initials: IY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Kweonsik
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Min
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Jaeil
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Wansuk
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Il
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Kang
keywords: Androgen antagonists; Prostate; Prostate neoplasms