title: Seaweed supplements normalise metabolic, cardiovascular and liver responses in high-carbohydrate, high-fat fed rats.
abstract: Increased seaweed consumption may be linked to the lower incidence of metabolic syndrome in eastern Asia. This study investigated the responses to two tropical green seaweeds, Ulva ohnoi (UO) and Derbesia tenuissima (DT), in a rat model of human metabolic syndrome. Male Wistar rats (330-340 g) were fed either a corn starch-rich diet or a high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet with 25% fructose in drinking water, for 16 weeks. High-carbohydrate, high-fat diet-fed rats showed the signs of metabolic syndrome leading to abdominal obesity, cardiovascular remodelling and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Food was supplemented with 5% dried UO or DT for the final 8 weeks only. UO lowered total final body fat mass by 24%, systolic blood pressure by 29 mmHg, and improved glucose utilisation and insulin sensitivity. In contrast, DT did not change total body fat mass but decreased plasma triglycerides by 38% and total cholesterol by 17%. UO contained 18.1% soluble fibre as part of 40.9% total fibre, and increased magnesium, while DT contained 23.4% total fibre, essentially as insoluble fibre. UO was more effective in reducing metabolic syndrome than DT, possibly due to the increased intake of soluble fibre and magnesium.
authors: Centre for Systems Biology, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba 4350, Australia. senthil.ibt@gmail.com.
authors: Senthil Arun
authors: SA
authors: Kumar
authors: MACRO-the Centre for Macroalgal Resources and Biotechnology, and College of Marine & Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia. marie.magnusson@jcu.edu.au.
authors: Marie
authors: M
authors: Magnusson
authors: School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia. l.ward@uq.edu.au.
authors: Leigh C
authors: LC
authors: Ward
authors: MACRO-the Centre for Macroalgal Resources and Biotechnology, and College of Marine & Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia. nicholas.paul@jcu.edu.au.
authors: Nicholas A
authors: NA
authors: Paul
authors: School of Health and Wellbeing, The University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba 4350, Australia. Lindsay.Brown@usq.edu.au.
authors: Lindsay
authors: L
authors: Brown
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000187:drug effects*; D004032:Diet; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000517:prevention & control; D008660:Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000517:prevention & control; D056128:Obesity, Abdominal / Q000517:prevention & control; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012624:Seaweed / Q000737:chemistry*
references: J Med Food. 2009 Apr;12(2):236-58
references: 19459725
references: Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2013 Sep;14(3):299-308
references: 23959342
references: J Nutr. 2004 May;134(5):1181-5
references: 15113967
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Nov 2;101(44):15718-23
references: 15505215
references: Free Radic Biol Med. 2013 Apr;57:141-53
references: 23291594
references: J Nutr Biochem. 2013 Jun;24(6):1041-52
references: 23026492
references: Pharmacol Res. 2003 Dec;48(6):543-9
references: 14527817
references: FASEB J. 2008 Mar;22(3):659-61
references: 17942826
references: Mar Biotechnol (NY). 2014 Aug;16(4):456-64
references: 24510373
references: Nutr Rev. 2007 Dec;65(12 Pt 1):535-43
references: 18236692
references: Mol Nutr Food Res. 2005 Jun;49(6):601-8
references: 15841496
references: J Am Diet Assoc. 2008 Oct;108(10):1716-31
references: 18953766
references: Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2014 Apr;15(6):809-22
references: 24548209
references: J Endocrinol. 2011 Sep;210(3):349-59
references: 21680618
references: Diabetes Care. 2005 Jun;28(6):1487-9
references: 15920074
references: Annu Rev Immunol. 2011;29:415-45
references: 21219177
references: J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2011 May;57(5):611-24
references: 21572266
references: J Hypertens. 2005 Mar;23(3):475-81
references: 15716684
references: Obes Rev. 2014 Jun;15(6):487-503
references: 24612276
references: Obes Rev. 2013 Feb;14(2):129-44
references: 23145880
references: Annu Rev Food Sci Technol. 2014;5:39-51
references: 24580072
references: Br J Nutr. 2010 Aug;104 Suppl 2:S1-63
references: 20920376
references: Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2013;12:54
references: 23536959
references: Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2012 Dec;14(6):505-14
references: 22872372
references: Nutrients. 2013 Aug;5(8):3287-98
references: 23966109
references: Jpn Heart J. 1988 Mar;29(2):151-60
references: 3398249
references: J Oleo Sci. 2013;62(6):403-8
references: 23728331
references: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009 May 26;53(21):1925-32
references: 19460605
references: Nutrition. 2014 May;30(5):497-502
references: 24262515
references: Clin Nutr. 2014 Oct;33(5):879-88
references: 24182515
references: Front Plant Sci. 2012 May 08;3:82
references: 22639667
references: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2006 May;26(5):968-76
references: 16627822
references: Mar Drugs. 2011;9(6):1056-100
references: 21747748
references: Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2008 Mar;48(3):293-300
references: 18274977
references: Acta Physiol (Oxf). 2011 May;202(1):29-38
references: 21199401
references: J Nutr. 2012 Apr;142(4):690-7
references: 22378327
references: PLoS One. 2013;8(10):e77344
references: 24143221