title: Psychiatric comorbidity and 30-day readmissions after hospitalization for heart failure, AMI, and pneumonia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In 2012, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services implemented a policy that penalizes hospitals for "excessive" all-cause hospital readmissions within 30 days after discharge from an index hospitalization for heart failure (HF), acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and pneumonia. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of psychiatric comorbidities on 30-day all-cause readmissions following hospitalizations for HF, AMI, and pneumonia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from 2009-2011 were derived from the HMO Research Network Virtual Data Warehouse of 11 health systems affiliated with the Mental Health Research Network. All index inpatient hospitalizations for HF, AMI, and pneumonia were captured (N=160,169). Psychiatric diagnoses for the year prior to admission were measured. All-cause readmissions within 30 days of discharge were the outcome variable.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Approximately 18% of all individuals with index inpatient hospitalizations for HF, AMI, and pneumonia were readmitted within 30 days. The rate of readmission was 5% greater for individuals with a psychiatric comorbidity compared with those without a psychiatric comorbidity (21.7% and 16.5%, respectively, p<.001). Depression, anxiety, and dementia were associated with more readmissions of persons with index hospitalizations for each general medical condition and for all the conditions combined (p<.05). Substance use and bipolar disorders were linked with higher readmissions for those with initial hospitalizations for HF and pneumonia (p<.05). Readmission rates declined overall from 2009 to 2011.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Individuals with HF, AMI, and pneumonia experience high rates of readmission, but psychiatric comorbidities appear to increase that risk. Future interventions to reduce readmission should consider adding mental health components.
authors: Dr. Ahmedani, Dr. Hu, Dr. Nerenz, and Dr. Williams are with the Center for Health Policy and Health Services Research, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan (e-mail: bahmeda1@hfhs.org ). Dr. Solberg and Dr. Rossom are with the Institute for Education and Research, HealthPartners, Bloomington, Minnesota. Dr. Copeland and Ms. Fang-Hollingsworth are with the Center for Applied Health Research, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas. Dr. Stewart and Dr. Simon are with the Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, Washington. Dr. Cassidy-Bushrow is with Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit. Dr. Waxmonsky is with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver. Dr. Lu is with Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, Wellesley, Massachusetts, and the Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston. Dr. Waitzfelder is with the Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Hawaii, Honolulu. Dr. Owen-Smith is with the Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Georgia, Atlanta. Dr. Coleman is with the Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena. Dr. Lynch is with the Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon. Dr. Ahmed is with the Department of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland. Dr. Beck is with the Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente of Colorado, Denver.
authors: Brian K
authors: BK
authors: Ahmedani
authors: Leif I
authors: LI
authors: Solberg
authors: Laurel A
authors: LA
authors: Copeland
authors: Ying
authors: Y
authors: Fang-Hollingsworth
authors: Christine
authors: C
authors: Stewart
authors: Jianhui
authors: J
authors: Hu
authors: David R
authors: DR
authors: Nerenz
authors: L Keoki
authors: LK
authors: Williams
authors: Andrea E
authors: AE
authors: Cassidy-Bushrow
authors: Jeanette
authors: J
authors: Waxmonsky
authors: Christine Y
authors: CY
authors: Lu
authors: Beth E
authors: BE
authors: Waitzfelder
authors: Ashli A
authors: AA
authors: Owen-Smith
authors: Karen J
authors: KJ
authors: Coleman
authors: Frances L
authors: FL
authors: Lynch
authors: Ameena T
authors: AT
authors: Ahmed
authors: Arne
authors: A
authors: Beck
authors: Rebecca C
authors: RC
authors: Rossom
authors: Gregory E
authors: GE
authors: Simon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D010359:Patient Readmission / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D013997:Time Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
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