title: A role for transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 cation channel (TRPA1) in airway hyper-responsiveness?
abstract: Airway smooth muscle (ASM) contraction controls the airway caliber. Airway narrowing is exaggerated in obstructive lung diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The mechanism by which ASM tone is dysregulated in disease is not clearly understood. Recent research on ion channels, particularly transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily A, member 1 (TRPA1), is uncovering new understanding of altered airway function. TRPA1, a member of the TRP channel superfamily, is a chemo-sensitive cation channel that can be activated by a variety of external and internal stimuli, leading to the influx of Ca(2+). Functional TRPA1 channels have been identified in neuronal and non-neuronal tissues of the lung, including ASM. In the airways, these channels can regulate the release of mediators that are markers of airway inflammation in asthma and COPD. For, example, TRPA1 controls cigarette-smoke-induced inflammatory mediator release and Ca(2+) mobilization in vitro and in vivo, a response tied to disease pathology in COPD. Recent work has revealed that pharmacological or genetic inhibition of TRPA1 inhibits the allergen-induced airway inflammation in vitro and airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR) in vivo. Collectively, it appears that TRPA1 channels may be determinants of ASM contractility and local inflammation control, positioning them as part of novel mechanisms that control (patho)physiological function of airways and ASM.
authors: Departments of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada., Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
authors: Aruni
authors: A
authors: Jha
authors: Pawan
authors: P
authors: Sharma
authors: Vidyanand
authors: V
authors: Anaparti
authors: Min H
authors: MH
authors: Ryu
authors: Andrew J
authors: AJ
authors: Halayko
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001249:Asthma / Q000378:metabolism*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism*; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000378:metabolism; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000378:metabolism*; D000074025:TRPA1 Cation Channel; D050051:Transient Receptor Potential Channels / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015220:Calcium Channels; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D000074025:TRPA1 Cation Channel; C473350:TRPA1 protein, human; D050051:Transient Receptor Potential Channels; D002118:Calcium
keywords: AHR; COPD; HRB; MPOC; asthma; asthme