title: NIR fluorescent small molecules for intraoperative imaging.
abstract: Recent advances in bioimaging and nanomedicine have permitted the exploitation of molecular optical imaging in image-guided surgery; however, the parameters mediating optimum performance of contrast agents are not yet precisely determined. To develop ideal contrast agents for image-guided surgery, we need to consider the following criteria: (1) excitation and emission wavelengths in the near-infrared (NIR) window, (2) optimized optical characteristics for high in vivo performance, (3) overcoming or harnessing biodistribution and clearance, and (4) reducing nonspecific uptake. The design considerations should be focused on optimizing the optical and physicochemical property criteria. Biodistribution and clearance should first be considered because they mediate the fate of a contrast agent in the body such as how long after intravenous injection a contrast agent reaches the peak signal-to-background ratio (SBR) and how long the signal lasts (retention).
authors: Department of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors: Eric A
authors: EA
authors: Owens
authors: Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors: Stephanie
authors: S
authors: Lee
authors: Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors: JungMun
authors: J
authors: Choi
authors: Department of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors: Maged
authors: M
authors: Henary
authors: Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.|Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea.
authors: Hak Soo
authors: HS
authors: Choi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D051379:Mice; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D061848:Optical Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D059629:Signal-To-Noise Ratio; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared / Q000379:methods*; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes
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