title: Oral health and depression in older Japanese people.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between oral dysfunction and depressive symptoms in Japanese community-dwelling seniors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants included 351 community-dwelling seniors (189 men, 162 women) aged 77 years. During dental examination, teeth and periodontal condition, including number of teeth, number of dental caries, pocket depth and clinical attachment level, were assessed, and unstimulated and stimulated salivary flow rates were measured. The General Health Questionnaire 30 (GHQ-30) was used to assess depression. The Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology (TMIG) Index of Competence was used to assess activities of daily living.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that gender (odds ratio [OR] = 2.3), low unstimulated salivary flow rate (OR = 2.1), 'Complaint of mouth pain' (OR = 2.4), 'Complaint of physical disorders' (OR = 2.1), and the total TMIG Index of Competence score (OR = 2.0) were positively associated with the high GHQ-30 score.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Subjective and objective oral dryness and oral pain are associated with depressive symptoms.
authors: Division of Preventive Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan. takiguchi@dent.niigata-u.ac.jp.
authors: Tomoya
authors: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7979-3813
authors: T
authors: Takiguchi
authors: Division of Oral Science for Health Promotion, Department of Oral Health and Welfare, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan.
authors: Akihiro
authors: A
authors: Yoshihara
authors: Division of Preventive Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan.
authors: Naoko
authors: N
authors: Takano
authors: Division of Preventive Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan.
authors: Hideo
authors: H
authors: Miyazaki
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000523:psychology; D000368:Aged; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D057187:Independent Living / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D009909:Oral Health; D014076:Tooth Diseases / Q000150:complications*
keywords: community-dwelling; depression; elderly; oral condition