title: Blunted activation of Rho-kinase in yak pulmonary circulation.
abstract: Yaks have adapted to high altitude and they do not develop hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. Although we previously identified the important role of augmented nitric oxide synthase activity in the yak pulmonary circulatory system, evidence of the direct involvement of Rho-kinase as a basal vascular tone regulator is lacking. Four domesticated male pure-bred yaks and four bulls that were born and raised at an altitude of 3000 m in the Tien-Shan mountains were studied at an altitude of 3,100 m. Mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) was measured before and after fasudil (60 mg in 20 mL of saline) was intravenously administered using a Swan-Ganz catheter at a rate of 3.3 mL/min for 30 min. Fasudil decreased mPAP in bulls from 67.8±14.9 to 32.3±5.3 mmHg (P < 0.05) after 15 min and the level was maintained for 30 min, but it merely blunted mPAP in yaks from 28.2±4.5 to 25.1±11.1 and 23.2±2.7 mmHg after 5 and 30 min, respectively. These findings comprise the first evidence of a modest role of Rho-kinase in the maintenance of pulmonary artery pressure in the yak.
authors: Department of Fundamental Nursing and Medicine, University of Fukui, Fukui 910-1193, Japan.
authors: Takeshi
authors: 0000-0001-9512-4505
authors: T
authors: Ishizaki
authors: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa 920-0265, Japan.
authors: Shiro
authors: 0000-0002-5552-2215
authors: S
authors: Mizuno
authors: Department of Health Science, Matsumoto University, Matsumoto 390-1295, Japan.
authors: Akio
authors: A
authors: Sakai
authors: Life Science Research Laboratory, University of Fukui, Fukui 910-1193, Japan.
authors: Shigeru
authors: S
authors: Matsukawa
authors: Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicine, 720040 Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan ; Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Universities of Giessen & Marburg Lung Center, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
authors: Baktybek
authors: 0000-0002-3252-359X
authors: B
authors: Kojonazarov
authors: Department of General Surgery, Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, 720020 Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.
authors: Baiserkeev
authors: B
authors: Zamirbek
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Fukui, Fukui 910-1193, Japan.
authors: Yukihiro
authors: Y
authors: Umeda
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Fukui, Fukui 910-1193, Japan.
authors: Miwa
authors: M
authors: Morikawa
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Fukui, Fukui 910-1193, Japan.
authors: Masaki
authors: M
authors: Anzai
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Fukui, Fukui 910-1193, Japan.
authors: Tamotsu
authors: T
authors: Ishizuka
authors: Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicine, 720040 Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.
authors: Almaz
authors: A
authors: Aldashev
mesh_terms: D019307:1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D000531:Altitude; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002417:Cattle; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000502:physiology; D011652:Pulmonary Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D019307:1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases; C049347:fasudil
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