title: Twelve-month prevalence and correlates of psychiatric disorders in Iran: the Iranian Mental Health Survey, 2011.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  No national information is available on the epidemiology of psychiatric disorders in Iran for the last decade.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the 12-month prevalence of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) psychiatric disorders in Iranian population, and to investigate the severity and correlates of psychiatric disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Iranian Mental Health Survey (IranMHS) was a nationally representative face-to-face household survey with a multistage, cluster sampling design that was carried out in 2011. A total of 7886 community dwelling residents aged 15-64 were recruited.
  
  
  METHODS
  12-month diagnoses of DSM-IV psychiatric disorders including mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders were assessed using a validated Persian translation of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI; version 2.1). The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I disorders (SCID-I) was administered by a psychiatrist on subjects screened positive for the presence of a psychotic disorder. The severity of psychiatric disorders was determined using criteria that included markers for disability, particular diagnoses and suicide attempts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The response rate was 86.2%. The 12-month weighted prevalence of "any psychiatric disorder" was 23.6% [95% confidence interval (CI): 22.4-24.8] with 26.5% of women and 20.8% of men having one or more psychiatric disorders. The most common category of psychiatric disorders was any anxiety disorder (15.6%) and the most prevalent particular disorder was major depressive disorder (12.7%), followed by generalized anxiety disorder (5.2%) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (5.1%). A 12-month psychotic disorder was observed in 0.5% of the population (95% CI: 0.33-0.66). Almost two-thirds (63.8%) of individuals with a mental disorder had moderate or serious illness. Unemployment, being widowed/divorced and urban living were associated with a greater likelihood of 12-month disorders; while, higher socioeconomic status and having a university degree were associated with a lower likelihood.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The high prevalence of psychiatric disorders, particularly major depression, merits further attention in the country's mental health policy and program planning.
authors: Department of Psychiatry and Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.m.aminesmaeeli@farabi.tums.ac.ir.
authors: Vandad
authors: V
authors: Sharifi
authors: Department for Mental Health and Substance Use, Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS (IRCHA) and Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Masoumeh
authors: M
authors: Amin-Esmaeili
authors: Mental Health Research Center, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Ahmad
authors: A
authors: Hajebi
authors: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Abbas
authors: A
authors: Motevalian
authors: Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Tous Clinic, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Reza
authors: R
authors: Radgoodarzi
authors: Department for Mental Health and Substance Use, Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS (IRCHA) and Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Mitra
authors: M
authors: Hefazi
authors: Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Afarin
authors: A
authors: Rahimi-Movaghar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D015897:Comorbidity; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008603:Mental Health; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D017678:Sex Distribution; D013406:Suicide, Attempted; D055815:Young Adult