title: Postanaesthetic emergence agitation in adult patients after general anaesthesia for urological surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the incidence and risk factors for emergence agitation in the postanaesthetic care unit (PACU), in adult patients undergoing urological surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical records were retrospectively reviewed. Preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative variables were evaluated. Emergence agitation was defined as a Riker sedation-agitation score ≥ 5. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine independent risk factors for emergence agitation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Emergence agitation was observed in 48/488 (9.8%) patients. Chronic lung disease (odds ratio [OR] 2.72, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03, 7.17), duration of surgery (OR 1.01, 95% CI 1.00, 1.01), history of social drinking (OR 2.48, 95% CI 1.25, 4.93), postoperative pain score (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.14, 1.53), voiding urgency (OR 2.20, 95% CI 1.01, 4.77) and presence of gastric tube (OR 2.85, 95% CI 1.07, 7.54) were independent risk factors for emergence agitation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adequate postoperative pain management and prevention of catheter-related bladder discomfort may be helpful in reducing the incidence of emergence agitation in urology patients.
authors: Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Hyun-Chang
authors: HC
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Eugene
authors: E
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
authors: Young-Tae
authors: YT
authors: Jeon
authors: Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
authors: Jung-Won
authors: JW
authors: Hwang
authors: Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Young-Jin
authors: YJ
authors: Lim
authors: Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Jeong-Hwa
authors: JH
authors: Seo
authors: Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea hppark@snu.ac.kr.
authors: Hee-Pyoung
authors: HP
authors: Park
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017109:Akathisia, Drug-Induced / Q000209:etiology*; D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology*; D011184:Postoperative Period; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013520:Urologic Surgical Procedures; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Anaesthesia recovery period; general anaesthesia; psychomotor agitation; risk factors; urology