title: Intraocular Pressure Characteristics of Exfoliative Glaucoma and Exfoliation Syndrome as Determined With the Water Drinking Test.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the intraocular pressure (IOP) characteristics of patients with exfoliation glaucoma (XFG) and exfoliation syndrome (XFS) during the water drinking test (WDT).
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective observational study undertaken at an academic setting. Consecutive patients with XFG whose office IOP levels were <21 mm Hg, normotensive XFS patients, and control subjects underwent WDT, which involved ingestion of 1 L of water within 5 minutes. The IOP was measured before and 4 times after water ingestion at 15-minute intervals. Maximum IOP (IOPmax), mean IOP (IOPmean), IOP increase (IOPΔ) from baseline IOP to IOPmax, and percentage of IOP fluctuation (IOPfluct) during the WDT were compared across groups. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test or the Kruskal-Wallis test was used for comparisons.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The age, gender ratios, visual acuity level, central corneal thickness, and office IOP levels were similar between the 3 groups. As compared with patients with XFS and controls, XFG patients revealed significantly higher values for all IOP measurements at 15 minutes intervals as well as IOPmax (25.1±4.0 mm Hg, 18.7±2.8 mm Hg, 18.6±2.5mm Hg; P<0.001), IOPmean (22.6±3.3mm Hg, 17.2±2.6 mm Hg, 17.2±2.4 mm Hg; P<0.001), IOPΔ (9.2±3.4 mm Hg, 4.4±2.1 mm Hg, 3.7±1.5 mm Hg; P<0.001), and IOPfluct (60.1±24.0%, 33.4±20.0%, 25.7±11.3%; P<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Medically treated XFG patients, but not XFS subjects, reveal significant IOP elevations during WDT indicative of impaired trabecular outflow facility.
authors: *Department of Ophthalmology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine †Department of Biostatistics, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey ‡3rd University Department of Ophthalmology §1st University Department of Ophthalmology, Glaucoma Unit, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors: Mehmet C
authors: MC
authors: Mocan
authors: Burcu
authors: B
authors: Kasim
authors: Ersin
authors: E
authors: Muz
authors: Murat
authors: M
authors: Irkec
authors: Mehmet
authors: M
authors: Orhan
authors: Erdem
authors: E
authors: Karabulut
authors: Dimitrios G
authors: DG
authors: Mikropoulos
authors: Anastasios G P
authors: AG
authors: Konstas
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003941:Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological; D004326:Drinking; D017889:Exfoliation Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014065:Tonometry, Ocular; D014129:Trabecular Meshwork / Q000503:physiopathology; D014792:Visual Acuity; D014867:Water / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D014867:Water