title: Effect of adhesive remnant removal on enamel topography after bracket debonding.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  At orthodontic treatment completion, knowledge about the effects of adhesive remnant removal on enamel is paramount.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed at assessing the effect of different adhesive remnant removal methods on enamel topography (ESI) and surface roughness (Ra) after bracket debonding and polishing.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 50 human premolars were selected and divided into five groups according to the method used for adhesive remnant removal: high speed tungsten carbide bur (TCB), Sof-Lex discs (SL), adhesive removing plier (PL), ultrasound (US) and Fiberglass burs (FB). Metal brackets were bonded with Transbond XT, stored at 37°C for 24 hours before debonding with adhesive removing plier. Subsequently, removal methods were carried out followed by polishing with pumice paste. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were conducted with pre-bonding, post-debonding and post-polishing analyses. Results were submitted to statistical analysis with F test (ANOVA) and Tukey's (Ra) as well as with Kruskal-Wallis and Bonferroni tests (ESI) (P < 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  US Ra and ESI were significantly greater than TCB, SL, PL and FB. Polishing minimized Ra and ESI in the SL and FB groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adhesive remnant removal with SL and FB associated with polishing are recommended due to causing little damage to the enamel.
authors: Hermínio Ometto Foundation, UNIARARAS.
authors: Larissa Adrian Meira
authors: LA
authors: Cardoso
authors: Graduate Dental Program, Hermínio Ometto Foundation, UNIARARAS.
authors: Heloísa Cristina
authors: HC
authors: Valdrighi
authors: Masters Program in Dentistry, São Leopoldo Mandic.
authors: Mario
authors: M
authors: Vedovello Filho
authors: Masters Program in Dentistry and at the Department of Dental Material, Hermínio Ometto Foundation, UNIARARAS.
authors: Américo Bortolazzo
authors: AB
authors: Correr
mesh_terms: D001641:Bicuspid / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D003722:Dental Alloys / Q000737:chemistry; D017005:Dental Debonding / Q000379:methods*; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D003754:Dental High-Speed Equipment; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D003777:Dental Prophylaxis / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D004867:Equipment Design; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D017640:Silicates / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D017973:Tungsten Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D014465:Ultrasonics / Q000295:instrumentation
chemical_list: D003722:Dental Alloys; D003764:Dental Materials; D019279:Resin Cements; D017640:Silicates; C477790:Transbond XT; D017973:Tungsten Compounds; C009753:fiberglass; C002802:tungsten carbide; C005144:pumice
references: Am J Orthod. 1982 May;81(5):423-6
references: 6758600
references: Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1995 Sep;108(3):284-93
references: 7661146
references: Angle Orthod. 2013 Sep;83(5):885-91
references: 23530544
references: Eur J Orthod. 2004 Jun;26(3):333-8
references: 15222720
references: Angle Orthod. 2010 Nov;80(6):1081-8
references: 20677958
references: Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2004 Dec;126(6):717-24
references: 15592221
references: Eur J Orthod. 2005 Aug;27(4):413-9
references: 16043478
references: Am J Orthod. 1979 Feb;75(2):121-7
references: 369382
references: Eur J Orthod. 2012 Feb;34(1):25-32
references: 21228118
references: J Dent (Tehran). 2013 Jan;10(1):82-93
references: 23724206
references: Angle Orthod. 1995;65(2):103-10
references: 7785800
references: Angle Orthod. 2006 Mar;76(2):314-21
references: 16539561