title: Tea consumption and the risk of depression: a meta-analysis of observational studies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Whether tea consumption decreases the risk of depression remains controversial. We performed a meta-analysis of findings from observational studies to evaluate the association between tea consumption and depression risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  Embase, PubMed, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were searched from their inception through August 2014 for observational studies that had reported the association between tea consumption and depression risk. We used a fixed effects model when heterogeneity was negligible and a random effect model when heterogeneity was significant to calculate the summary relative risk estimates (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eleven studies with 13 reports were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis (22,817 participants with 4,743 cases of depression). Compared to individuals with lower tea consumption, those with higher tea consumption had a pooled RR of depression risk at 0.69 (95% CI: 0.63-0.75). Eight reports were included in the dose-response analysis of tea consumption and depression risk (10,600 participants with 2,107 cases). There was a linear association between tea consumption and the risk of depression, with an increment of 3 cups/day in tea consumption associated with a decrease in the risk of depression of 37% (RR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.55-0.71).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tea consumption is associated with a decreased risk of depression.
authors: Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors: Xiaoxin
authors: X
authors: Dong
authors: Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors: Chen
authors: C
authors: Yang
authors: Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors: Shiyi
authors: S
authors: Cao
authors: Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors: Yong
authors: Y
authors: Gan
authors: Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors: Huilian
authors: H
authors: Sun
authors: Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors: Yanhong
authors: Y
authors: Gong
authors: Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors: Huajie
authors: H
authors: Yang
authors: Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors: Xiaoxu
authors: X
authors: Yin
authors: Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China zuxunlu@yahoo.com.
authors: Zuxun
authors: Z
authors: Lu
mesh_terms: D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004327:Drinking Behavior; D006801:Humans; D064887:Observational Studies as Topic; D012306:Risk; D012307:Risk Factors; D013662:Tea
chemical_list: D013662:Tea
keywords: depression; depressive symptom; meta-analysis; tea consumption