title: Erythritol production by Moniliella megachiliensis using nonrefined glycerol waste as carbon source.
abstract: The number of naphtha plants is being reduced due to a worldwide shift in energy sources. Consequently, a shortage of chemical materials heavily dependent on naphtha-oil, especially C4 compounds such as butene and butane-diol, is an urgent issue in chemical manufacturing. Erythritol is a rare C4 compound produced by fermentation processes using glucose as the carbon source. Since erythritol is considerably more expensive than hydrocarbons derived from naphtha-oil, a reduction in its cost is critical. We found that Moniliella megachiliensis, a highly osmotolerant yeast strain, can utilize nonrefined glycerol waste derived from palm oil or beef tallow and convert it to erythritol. Cell growth on glycerol was almost the same as on glucose, and the cells could grow in up to 300 mg ml(-1) glycerol. When 200 mg ml(-1) nonrefined glycerol was supplied, the yield of erythritol from the glycerol was approx. 60%, which is slightly higher than that obtained using glucose. The cost of glycerol waste is considerably lower than that of glucose. Thus, the conversion of glycerol waste into valuable erythritol, proposed here, is attractive and promising from the viewpoint of ensuring a supply of C4 hydrocarbons and utilizing a waste natural resource.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A shortage of C4 hydrocarbon depending much on naptha-oil has become urgent problem due to rapid reduction of naphtha plants together with global energy revolution. Erythritol, obtained by fermentation, is a rare C4 polyol that can be converted to C4 hydrocarbons. Erythritol is considerably expensive than hydrocarbons, a reduction in cost is critical issue. To meet this, we proposed to utilize low-cost glycerol waste from bio-diesel fuel as a carbon source. Moniliella megachiliensis successfully converted glycerol waste to erythritol. This proposal is promising to obtain C4 hydrocarbon substitute, and concomitantly to dispose a large amount of glycerol waste discharged.
authors: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Laboratory, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Japan.
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Kobayashi
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Iwata
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Mizushima
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Ogihara
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Kasumi
mesh_terms: D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D056804:Biofuels; D002244:Carbon / Q000378:metabolism; D004896:Erythritol / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005285:Fermentation; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D005990:Glycerol / Q000378:metabolism*; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D002244:Carbon; D005947:Glucose; D005990:Glycerol; D004896:Erythritol
keywords: C4 hydrocarbon; Moniliella megachiliensis; erythritol; nonrefined glycerol waste; renewable resource