title: Acute and subchronic toxicological evaluation of Stachys lavandulifolia aqueous extract in Wistar rats.
abstract: Stachys lavandulifolia (S. lavandulifolia) is a plant that has been widely used as an herbal medicine in Iran. Unfortunately, despite the prevalent medicinal uses of the plant, there are no reports on the possible toxic effects of S. lavandulifolia. In the present study the potential toxicity of S. lavandulifolia after acute and subchronic administration in rats was evaluated. Rats were orally treated with single doses of S. lavandulifolia aqueous extract and screened for signs of toxicity two weeks after administration. In the sub-chronic toxicity study, S. lavandulifolia was administered for 45 days. Mortality, clinical signs, body weight changes were assayed during the study. After 45 days animals were sacrificed and hematological and biochemical parameters, as well as weight of some organs were measured. All of the rats treated with different concentrations of water extracts of S. lavandulifolia were alive for all 14 days of observation. No hematological changes were observed a part from significant increase in WBC and neutrophils counts. Moreover, serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and creatinine significantly increased. Histopathological examinations showed fatty change, degeneration of hepatocytes and renal glomerular atrophy in the male rats. In the female rats, atrophy of hepatocytes and dilatation of sinusoids in liver, hyperemia and degeneration of renal epithelium mostly in cortical region were observed. Based on the results of this study no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of the total aqueous extract of S. lavandulifolia considered to be 250 and 100 mg/kg/day for the male and female rats, respectively.
authors: Pharmacognosy and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, I.R. Iran.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Modarresi
authors: Novel Drug Delivery Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, I.R. Iran.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Hosseinzadeh
authors: Students Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, I.R. Iran.
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Nematy
authors: Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Razi University, Kermanshah, I.R. Iran.
authors: Z M
authors: ZM
authors: Siavash-Haghighi
authors: Novel Drug Delivery Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, I.R. Iran.
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Ghanbari
keywords: Acute; Rat; Stachys lavandulifolia; Subchronic; Toxicity
references: J Ethnopharmacol. 2003 Nov;89(1):97-9
references: 14522438
references: J Ethnopharmacol. 2003 Dec;89(2-3):271-6
references: 14611891
references: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2004 Sep;59(1):102-8
references: 15261730
references: J Ethnopharmacol. 2008 Feb 28;116(1):21-6
references: 18055147
references: Acta Med Iran. 2011;49(12):769-75
references: 22174162
references: Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2012 Jun;63(1):106-14
references: 22440551
references: Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2012;67(5):497-502
references: 22666795
references: Nat Prod Commun. 2012 Sep;7(9):1241-4
references: 23074920
references: Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2012 Jan;15(1):645-53
references: 23493182
references: EXCLI J. 2012 Jul 05;11:357-62
references: 27418911
references: EXCLI J. 2011 Oct 10;10:192-197
references: 29033704