title: Valuable ingredients and feed toxicity evaluation of Microcystis aeruginosa acidolysis product in mice.
abstract: This research studied the extraction from Microcystis aeruginosa using hydrochloric acid method as a potentially valuable protein resource from eutrophic lakes. Amino acid composition, residual algal toxins, and heavy metals of the acidolysis product were studied. After 18 h of hydrochloric acid treatment, the product of M. aeruginosa contained 17 amino acids, 51.34% of total amino acid requirements, and 30.25% of the livestock and poultry essential amino acid (Eaa). The residual microcystin-LR (MC-LR) was 0.94 µg kg(-1), which was less than WHO drinking water limit of microcystins. The removal ratio of microcystins was higher than 99.99% during the process of hydrolysis. The concentration of heavy metals of the product was in compliance with feed standards. Furthermore, using Horn's method, Mouse Micronucleus Test and Sperm Shape Abnormality Test were conducted to study the forage safety of the product. Half lethal dose (LD50) of acidolysis product in mice was >9.09 g kg(-1) body weight, actually belonging to non-toxic grade. Every dose treatment did not significantly increase activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and γ-glutamyltransferase (γ-GT). The results of both micronucleus test and sperm shape abnormality test were negative, which suggested the product with no mutagenicity and sperm malformation effects. This study indicated that the acidolysis product of M. aeruginosa was safe to be used as a feed ingredient.
authors: Institution of Agricultural Resource and Environmental Sciences, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China ShiqunHann@163.com.
authors: Shiqun
authors: S
authors: Han
authors: Institution of Agricultural Resource and Environmental Sciences, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China.
authors: Qing
authors: Q
authors: Zhou
authors: Institution of Agricultural Resource and Environmental Sciences, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China.
authors: Yudi
authors: Y
authors: Xu
authors: Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia.
authors: Floris
authors: F
authors: Vanogtrop
authors: Institution of Agricultural Resource and Environmental Sciences, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China.
authors: Qijin
authors: Q
authors: Guo
authors: Institution of Agricultural Resource and Environmental Sciences, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China.
authors: Guofeng
authors: G
authors: Liu
authors: Institution of Agricultural Resource and Environmental Sciences, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China.
authors: Shaohua
authors: S
authors: Yan
mesh_terms: D020418:Algal Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000601:Amino Acids, Essential / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D059022:Food Safety; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008297:Male; D008387:Marine Toxins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D052998:Microcystins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D046931:Microcystis / Q000378:metabolism*; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000187:drug effects; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020418:Algal Proteins; D000601:Amino Acids, Essential; D008387:Marine Toxins; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D052998:Microcystins; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid
keywords: Microcystis aeruginosa; acidolysis; feed safety; ingredients
references: Bioresour Technol. 2010 Apr;101(7):2472-6
references: 20015642
references: Mutat Res. 2002 Jan 15;513(1-2):193-6
references: 11719104
references: Mutat Res. 2010 Jun 17;699(1-2):5-10
references: 20381641
references: Food Chem Toxicol. 2002 Jul;40(7):941-7
references: 12065216
references: Toxicology. 1996 Nov 15;114(1):29-36
references: 8931758
references: Toxicology. 2003 Jun 30;188(2-3):285-96
references: 12767698
references: Environ Manage. 2010 Jan;45(1):105-12
references: 19915899
references: Toxicol Lett. 2013 May 23;219(2):194-201
references: 23454832
references: Toxicol Sci. 1998 Jul;44(1):87-96
references: 9720145
references: Br J Nutr. 2002 Dec;88(6):655-60
references: 12493087