title: Adipocyte membrane glycerol permeability is involved in the anti-adipogenic effect of conjugated linoleic acid.
abstract: Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a group of minor fatty acids from ruminant origin, has long been recognized as a body fat lowering agent. Given the trans(t)10,cis(c)12-CLA well documented interference on lipolysis, we hypothesized for adipocytes altered permeation to glycerol when supplemented with this isomer. 3T3-L1 murine differentiated adipocytes were medium supplemented with linoleic acid (LA) and individual or combined c9,t11 and t10,c12-CLA isomers. Adipocytes treated with the t10,c12-CLA isomer and CLA mixture showed reduced triacylglycerols content (p < 0.001), re-enforcing the t10,c12-CLA as the anti-adipogenic CLA isomer. This finding was supported by decreased Δ9-desaturase index and adipocyte differentiation markers for the t10,c12-CLA group (p < 0.001), which suggest reduced lipogenesis and differentiation, respectively. The glycerol permeability was higher in all CLA treated cells compared to control and LA groups (p < 0.05). The increase in glycerol permeability agrees with both reduced triacylglycerols and non-osmotic cellular volume in the t10,c12-CLA and CLA mixture groups. Taken together, our data suggest that the increased adipocyte plasma membrane glycerol fluxes may be part of the anti-adipogenic response to CLA treatments.
authors: CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. da Universidade Técnica, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal.
authors: Susana V
authors: SV
authors: Martins
authors: Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Dept. Bioquimica e Biologia Humana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal.
authors: Ana
authors: A
authors: Madeira
authors: CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. da Universidade Técnica, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal.
authors: Paula A
authors: PA
authors: Lopes
authors: CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. da Universidade Técnica, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal.
authors: Virgínia M R
authors: VM
authors: Pires
authors: CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. da Universidade Técnica, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal.
authors: Cristina M
authors: CM
authors: Alfaia
authors: CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. da Universidade Técnica, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal.
authors: José A M
authors: JA
authors: Prates
authors: Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Dept. Química, FCT-UNL, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
authors: Teresa
authors: T
authors: Moura
authors: Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Dept. Bioquimica e Biologia Humana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal. Electronic address: gsoveral@ff.ulisboa.pt.
authors: Graça
authors: G
authors: Soveral
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D005990:Glycerol / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D019787:Linoleic Acid; D005990:Glycerol
keywords: 3T3-L1 adipocytes; Adipogenesis; Conjugated linoleic acid isomers; Glycerol permeability; Plasma membrane