title: Bacterial infections in childhood: A risk factor for gastrointestinal and other diseases?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is evidence for post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS) in adults, but little is known about PI-IBS in children. The nationwide representative German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS) assessed children's health.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We identified 643 children (50.1% males) in the KiGGS cohort (N = 15,878, 51% males) with a history of Salmonella infection. The number was validated comparing this group with the known infection statistics from the Robert Koch-Institute registry. We compared this group to the remaining KiGGS cohort (n = 12,951) with respect to sociodemographic characteristics, pain and quality of life. To check for specificity, we repeated the comparisons with a group with a history of scarlet fever.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Infection statistics predicted 504 cases of Salmonella infection in the KiGGS cohort, indicating high validity of the data. In children between 3 and 10 years with a history of Salmonella infection, significantly more abdominal pain (31.7% versus 21.9%, p < 0.001) and headache (27.2% versus 15.1%, p < 0.001) were reported. This group showed lower quality of life (p < 0.001). Comparison to a group of scarlet fever-infected children revealed poor specificity of the data.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Differences found between children with and without Salmonella infection reveal the role of gastrointestinal infection in the development of post-infectious abdominal problems, but poor specificity may point toward a psychosocial ("somatization") rather than a Salmonella-specific mechanism.
authors: University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine VI: Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Tuebingen, Germany.
authors: Juliane
authors: J
authors: Schwille-Kiuntke
authors: University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine VI: Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Tuebingen, Germany.
authors: Alexandra
authors: A
authors: Unverdorben
authors: University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine VI: Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Tuebingen, Germany.
authors: Katja
authors: K
authors: Weimer
authors: Faculty of Psychology and Sports Science, Department of Psychology, University of Bielefeld, Tuebingen, Germany.
authors: Angelika Anita
authors: AA
authors: Schlarb
authors: Faculty of Science, Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
authors: Marco Daniel
authors: MD
authors: Gulewitsch
authors: Robert Koch-Institute, Department of Epidemiology and Health Reporting, Berlin, Germany.
authors: Ute
authors: U
authors: Ellert
authors: University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine VI: Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Tuebingen, Germany.
authors: Paul
authors: P
authors: Enck
keywords: Abdominal pain; children; post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome; prevalence; salmonella infection
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