title: Novel molecular targets for urothelial carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Urothelial cancer (UC) remains a significant public health problem, with no new second-line agents FDA-approved in the US. Next-generation sequencing technologies are starting to generate a molecular landscape of UC thus revealing novel molecular targets.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this review, the authors provide a detailed review of novel molecular targets in UC based on published genomic analyses of urothelial tumors. We provide an overview of each molecular target with a brief discussion of therapeutic strategies and clinical trials targeting each pathway.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  UC continues to be a lethal disease with no FDA-approved effective second-line therapies. Platinum resistance continues to be a daunting clinical problem. Next-generation sequencing methods have led to the elucidation of numerous molecular targets in UC, including PI3K, to the elucidation of numerous molecular targets in UC, including PI3K, ERBB2 and FGFR3, among many others. These molecular perturbations can be exploited therapeutically with targeted therapies in patient populations enriched for these molecular alterations, thus paving the way for precision medicine in UC management.
authors: Weill Cornell Medical College, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine , New York, NY , USA beshoyso@yahoo.com.
authors: Bishoy M
authors: BM
authors: Faltas
authors: Beerinder S
authors: BS
authors: Karir
authors: Scott T
authors: ST
authors: Tagawa
authors: Jonathan E
authors: JE
authors: Rosenberg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D017277:Drug Approval; D015195:Drug Design; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D006801:Humans; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D014481:United States; D014486:United States Food and Drug Administration; D019459:Urothelium / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents
keywords: genomics; molecular targets; targeted therapy; urothelial carcinoma
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