title: Anogenital distance and reproductive parameters in young men.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between anogenital distance (AGD) measures and semen quality and serum reproductive hormone levels in Caucasian young men from southern Spain. Two variants of AGD [from the anus to the posterior base of the scrotum (AGD(AS)) and to the cephalad insertion of the penis (AGD(AP))] were assessed in 215 university students. Semen parameters (semen volume, sperm concentration, total sperm counts, motility and morphology) and serum reproductive hormones (follicle stimulating hormone, luteinising hormone, inhibin B, testosterone, calculated free testosterone, oestradiol and sex hormone-binding globulin) were also determined. Associations between AGD measures and the semen quality and reproductive hormone levels were tested using multiple regression analyses. Overall, median sperm concentration was 44.0 × 10(6) ml(-1) (5th-95th percentiles: 8.9-129 × 10(6 ) ml(-1)), median total sperm count was 121 × 10(6) (18.0-400 × 10(6)), and mean (SD) testosterone level was 21.7 nmol/l (6.9). Mean (SD) AGD(AS) and AGD(AP) measures were 48.3 mm (11.6) and 128 mm (12.0) respectively. In the multivariable analysis, AGD measures were not associated with any semen parameters or any of the reproductive hormone levels, which is in contrast to results of studies of US young men or infertile men. Further research is warranted to confirm these findings.
authors: Department of Health and Social Sciences, Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Murcia School of Medicine, Murcia, Spain.
authors: M D
authors: MD
authors: Parra
authors: Department of Health and Social Sciences, Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Murcia School of Medicine, Murcia, Spain.
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Mendiola
authors: University Department of Growth and Reproduction, University of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Jørgensen
authors: Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
authors: S H
authors: SH
authors: Swan
authors: Department of Health and Social Sciences, Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Murcia School of Medicine, Murcia, Spain.|Department of Preventive Medicine, Reina Sofía University General Hospital, Murcia, Spain.|Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
authors: A M
authors: AM
authors: Torres-Cantero
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001003:Anal Canal / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood*; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006065:Gonadotropins, Pituitary / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000097:blood*; D007265:Inhibins / Q000097:blood*; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010413:Penis / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D010502:Perineum / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012611:Scrotum / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D055101:Semen Analysis; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D013030:Spain; D013076:Sperm Count; D013081:Sperm Motility; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood*; D044465:White People; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006065:Gonadotropins, Pituitary; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin; C422364:inhibin B; D013739:Testosterone; D004958:Estradiol; D007265:Inhibins; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone
keywords: Androgens; anogenital distance; semen parameters; serum reproductive hormones