title: Treatment of horizontal canal BPPV: pathophysiology, available maneuvers, and recommended treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the pathophysiology of horizontal canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, the available maneuvers for its management, and the recommended treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  PubMed, Cochrane library.
  
  
  METHODS
  Review of the available literature.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two theories of pathophysiology underlying the disease are described, along with available maneuvers reflecting those theories; and videos of the maneuvers are provided. A comparison of available treatments is made.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A variety of maneuvers is available related to the pathophysiology underlying the disease. The treatment chosen should be appropriate to the patients' ages, general conditions, and other diseases they may have. No treatment was found to be superior over the others regarding the success rate. In the case of geotropic nystagmus, the Gufoni maneuver is superior in its ease of performance. When it comes to apogeotropic nystagmus, the Barbecue and Gufoni maneuvers have comparable success rates.
authors: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Tel-Aviv University Sackler School of Medicine, The Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel.
authors: Yahav
authors: Y
authors: Oron
authors: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Tel-Aviv University Sackler School of Medicine, The Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel.
authors: Smadar
authors: S
authors: Cohen-Atsmoni
authors: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Tel-Aviv University Sackler School of Medicine, The Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel.
authors: Assaf
authors: A
authors: Len
authors: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Tel-Aviv University Sackler School of Medicine, The Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel.
authors: Yehudah
authors: Y
authors: Roth
mesh_terms: D065635:Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D019468:Disease Management; D006801:Humans; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology*; D012665:Semicircular Canals / Q000503:physiopathology*
keywords: Vertigo; pathophysiology; treatment