title: Identification of genes that promote or inhibit olfactory memory formation in Drosophila.
abstract: Genetic screens in Drosophila melanogaster and other organisms have been pursued to filter the genome for genetic functions important for memory formation. Such screens have employed primarily chemical or transposon-mediated mutagenesis and have identified numerous mutants including classical memory mutants, dunce and rutabaga. Here, we report the results of a large screen using panneuronal RNAi expression to identify additional genes critical for memory formation. We identified >500 genes that compromise memory when inhibited (low hits), either by disrupting the development and normal function of the adult animal or by participating in the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying memory formation. We also identified >40 genes that enhance memory when inhibited (high hits). The dunce gene was identified as one of the low hits and further experiments were performed to map the effects of the dunce RNAi to the α/β and γ mushroom body neurons. Additional behavioral experiments suggest that dunce knockdown in the mushroom body neurons impairs memory without significantly affecting acquisition. We also characterized one high hit, sickie, to show that RNAi knockdown of this gene enhances memory through effects in dopaminergic neurons without apparent effects on acquisition. These studies further our understanding of two genes involved in memory formation, provide a valuable list of genes that impair memory that may be important for understanding the neurophysiology of memory or neurodevelopmental disorders, and offer a new resource of memory suppressor genes that will aid in understanding restraint mechanisms employed by the brain to optimize resources.
authors: Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute Florida, Jupiter, Florida 33458.
authors: Erica
authors: E
authors: Walkinshaw
authors: Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute Florida, Jupiter, Florida 33458.
authors: Yunchao
authors: Y
authors: Gai
authors: Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute Florida, Jupiter, Florida 33458.
authors: Caitlin
authors: C
authors: Farkas
authors: Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute Florida, Jupiter, Florida 33458.
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: Richter
authors: Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute Florida, Jupiter, Florida 33458.
authors: Eric
authors: E
authors: Nicholas
authors: Janelia Farms, Ashburn, Virginia 20147.
authors: Krystyna
authors: K
authors: Keleman
authors: Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute Florida, Jupiter, Florida 33458 rdavis@scripps.edu.
authors: Ronald L
authors: RL
authors: Davis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D008568:Memory; D024521:Mushroom Bodies / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D055696:Olfactory Perception; D018034:Olfactory Receptor Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D012903:Smell
chemical_list: D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C523245:dnc protein, Drosophila; C000594933:sick protein, Drosophila
keywords: Drosophila; RNAi screen; memory; memory suppressor genes
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