title: Use of electroporation as an option to transform the horn fly, Haematobia irritans: a species recalcitrant to microinjection.
abstract: The horn fly, Haematobia irritans, is a serious pest of cattle in North America. The control of horn flies has primarily relied on insecticides. However, the heavy use of insecticides has led to the development of insecticide resistance in horn flies. Novel methods to control horn flies are greatly needed. Transgenic technology is an effective tool to genetically modify insects and may lead to novel methods of pest control based on genomic approaches. Here we report a piggyBac-mediated transformation of the horn fly via electroporation. Transformation with a DsRed fluorescent marker protein coding region was verified by PCR analysis of individual fly bodies and pupal cases and sequencing of PCR products. However, Southern blot analysis failed to indicate the DsRed gene was integrated into the horn fly genome. Thus, the electroporation protocol may have caused the DsRed gene to be integrated into bacterial symbionts of the horn fly.
authors: Department of Biology, Abilene Christian University, Abilene, TX, 79699, USA.
authors: Qiang
authors: Q
authors: Xu
authors: USDA-ARS Knipling-Bushland U.S. Livestock Insects Research Laboratory, 2700 Fredericksburg Rd., Kerrville, TX, 78028, USA.|USDA-ARS Veterinary Pest Genomics Center, Kerrville, TX, 78028, USA.
authors: Felix D
authors: FD
authors: Guerrero
authors: USDA-ARS Knipling-Bushland U.S. Livestock Insects Research Laboratory, 2700 Fredericksburg Rd., Kerrville, TX, 78028, USA.
authors: Azhahianambi
authors: A
authors: Palavesam
authors: USDA-ARS Knipling-Bushland U.S. Livestock Insects Research Laboratory, 2700 Fredericksburg Rd., Kerrville, TX, 78028, USA.|USDA-ARS Veterinary Pest Genomics Center, Kerrville, TX, 78028, USA.
authors: Adalberto A
authors: AA
authors: Pérez de León
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D018274:Electroporation; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D049750:Genome, Insect; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D008845:Microinjections; D009117:Muscidae / Q000235:genetics*; D030781:Organisms, Genetically Modified / Q000235:genetics; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000494:pharmacology; D014170:Transformation, Genetic
chemical_list: D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite
keywords: DsRed; EGFP; Haematobia irritans; electroporation; horn fly; transformation; transgenic insect