title: Sulphated polysaccharides from Ulva clathrata and Cladosiphon okamuranus seaweeds both inhibit viral attachment/entry and cell-cell fusion, in NDV infection.
abstract: Sulphated polysaccharides (SP) extracted from seaweeds have antiviral properties and are much less cytotoxic than conventional drugs, but little is known about their mode of action. Combination antiviral chemotherapy may offer advantages over single agent therapy, increasing efficiency, potency and delaying the emergence of resistant virus. The paramyxoviridae family includes pathogens causing morbidity and mortality worldwide in humans and animals, such as the Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) in poultry. This study aims at determining the antiviral activity and mechanism of action in vitro of an ulvan (SP from the green seaweed Ulva clathrata), and of its mixture with a fucoidan (SP from Cladosiphon okamuranus), against La Sota NDV strain. The ulvan antiviral activity was tested using syncytia formation, exhibiting an IC50 of 0.1 μg/mL; ulvan had a better anti cell-cell spread effect than that previously shown for fucoidan, and inhibited cell-cell fusion via a direct effect on the F0 protein, but did not show any virucidal effect. The mixture of ulvan and fucoidan showed a greater anti-spread effect than SPs alone, but ulvan antagonizes the effect of fucoidan on the viral attachment/entry. Both SPs may be promising antivirals against paramyxovirus infection but their mixture has no clear synergistic advantage.
authors: Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Manuel L. Barragán y Av. Pedro de Alba s/n Cd. Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, N.L. 66455, Mexico. albertvirus@gmail.com.
authors: José Alberto
authors: JA
authors: Aguilar-Briseño
authors: Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Manuel L. Barragán y Av. Pedro de Alba s/n Cd. Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, N.L. 66455, Mexico. lucia.cruzsr@uanl.edu.mx.
authors: Lucia Elizabeth
authors: LE
authors: Cruz-Suarez
authors: Centre d'Etude et de Valorisation des Algues, Presqu'île de Pen Lan, 22610 Pleubian, France. Jean-Francois.SASSI@cea.fr.
authors: Jean-François
authors: JF
authors: Sassi
authors: Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Manuel L. Barragán y Av. Pedro de Alba s/n Cd. Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, N.L. 66455, Mexico. denis.ricquemr@uanl.edu.mx.
authors: Denis
authors: D
authors: Ricque-Marie
authors: Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Manuel L. Barragán y Av. Pedro de Alba s/n Cd. Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, N.L. 66455, Mexico. paablo.zapatabn@uanl.edu.mx.
authors: Pablo
authors: P
authors: Zapata-Benavides
authors: Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Manuel L. Barragán y Av. Pedro de Alba s/n Cd. Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, N.L. 66455, Mexico. edgar.mendozagm@uanl.edu.mx.
authors: Edgar
authors: E
authors: Mendoza-Gamboa
authors: Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Manuel L. Barragán y Av. Pedro de Alba s/n Cd. Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, N.L. 66455, Mexico. cristina.rodriguezpd@uanl.edu.mx.
authors: Cristina
authors: C
authors: Rodríguez-Padilla
authors: Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Manuel L. Barragán y Av. Pedro de Alba s/n Cd. Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, N.L. 66455, Mexico. laura.trejoav@uanl.edu.mx.
authors: Laura María
authors: LM
authors: Trejo-Avila
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001717:Birds; D002459:Cell Fusion; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D006801:Humans; D009521:Newcastle Disease / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000187:drug effects*; D000459:Phaeophyceae / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012624:Seaweed / Q000737:chemistry*; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared; D014709:Vero Cells; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000187:drug effects; D053585:Virus Attachment / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011134:Polysaccharides; D014764:Viral Proteins; C571831:ulvan; C007789:fucoidan
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