title: Occurrence of endocrine disrupting compounds in five estuaries of the northwest coast of Spain: Ecological and human health impact.
abstract: The occurrence and spatial distribution of alkylphenols (4-tert-octylphenol, 4-n-octylphenol, 4-n-nonylphenol, nonylphenol) and bisphenol A were examined in five estuaries along the Northwest coastal area of Spain. As far as we know, no previous works about this topic could be found in the literature. A total of 98 seawater samples were collected during May 2011-July 2012 and analyzed by a highly sensitive DLLME-LC-MS/MS methodology recently developed. Results indicated nonylphenol was the most ubiquitous compound with maximal concentration of 0.337 μg L(-1) (Ría de Vigo). The environmental quality standards (EQS) established in Directive 2013/39/EU for 4-tert-octylphenol were slightly exceeded in some sampling points. Fishing harbours, water treatment plant and industrial discharges were supposed as the main sources of contamination. Low and medium ecological risk was determined in all estuaries. Possible endocrine effects on biota and population were estimated in terms of estrogenic activity and daily intake respectively, and no risk was found in any case.
authors: Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada (QANAP), Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Campus de A Coruña, E-15071 A Coruña, Spain.
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Salgueiro-González
authors: Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada (QANAP), Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Campus de A Coruña, E-15071 A Coruña, Spain.
authors: I
authors: I
authors: Turnes-Carou
authors: Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Instituto Español de Oceanografía, IEO, Subida a Radio Faro, 50, 36390 Vigo, Spain.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Viñas-Diéguez
authors: Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada (QANAP), Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Campus de A Coruña, E-15071 A Coruña, Spain. Electronic address: smuniat@udc.es.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Muniategui-Lorenzo
authors: Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada (QANAP), Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Campus de A Coruña, E-15071 A Coruña, Spain.
authors: P
authors: P
authors: López-Mahía
authors: Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada (QANAP), Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Campus de A Coruña, E-15071 A Coruña, Spain.
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Prada-Rodríguez
mesh_terms: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D064308:Ecological Parameter Monitoring; D004463:Ecology; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D063366:Estuaries; D006801:Humans; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D012623:Seawater; D013030:Spain; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis; D018508:Water Purification; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D010636:Phenols; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C025256:nonylphenol; C080417:4-octylphenol; C041594:4-nonylphenol; C105260:4-tert-octylphenol; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
keywords: Alkylphenols; Bisphenol A; Directive 2013/39/EU; Human health impact; Risk quotient