title: Visuo-tactile interactions in the congenitally deaf: a behavioral and event-related potential study.
abstract: Auditory deprivation is known to be accompanied by alterations in visual processing. Yet not much is known about tactile processing and the interplay of the intact sensory modalities in the deaf. We presented visual, tactile, and visuo-tactile stimuli to congenitally deaf and hearing individuals in a speeded detection task. Analyses of multisensory responses showed a redundant signals effect that was attributable to a coactivation mechanism in both groups, although the redundancy gain was less in the deaf. In line with these behavioral results, on a neural level, there were multisensory interactions in both groups that were again weaker in the deaf. In hearing but not deaf participants, somatosensory event-related potential N200 latencies were modulated by simultaneous visual stimulation. A comparison of unisensory responses between groups revealed larger N200 amplitudes for visual and shorter N200 latencies for tactile stimuli in the deaf. Furthermore, P300 amplitudes were also larger in the deaf. This group difference was significant for tactile and approached significance for visual targets. The differences in visual and tactile processing between deaf and hearing participants, however, were not reflected in behavior. Both the behavioral and electroencephalography (EEG) results suggest more pronounced multisensory interaction in hearing than in deaf individuals. Visuo-tactile enhancements could not be explained by perceptual deficiency, but could be partly attributable to inverse effectiveness.
authors: Neuropsychology Lab, Department of Psychology, Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all," European Medical School, University of Oldenburg Oldenburg, Germany.
authors: Nadine
authors: N
authors: Hauthal
authors: Neuropsychology Lab, Department of Psychology, Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all," European Medical School, University of Oldenburg Oldenburg, Germany ; Research Center Neurosensory Science, University of Oldenburg Oldenburg, Germany.
authors: Stefan
authors: S
authors: Debener
authors: Research Center Neurosensory Science, University of Oldenburg Oldenburg, Germany ; Experimental Psychology Lab, Department of Psychology, European Medical School, University of Oldenburg Oldenburg, Germany ; Department of Epidemiological Methods and Etiologic Research, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS Bremen, Germany.
authors: Stefan
authors: S
authors: Rach
authors: Neuropsychology Lab, Department of Psychology, Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all," European Medical School, University of Oldenburg Oldenburg, Germany ; Department of Neurology, Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all," Hannover Medical School Hannover, Germany.
authors: Pascale
authors: P
authors: Sandmann
authors: Neuropsychology Lab, Department of Psychology, Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all," European Medical School, University of Oldenburg Oldenburg, Germany.
authors: Jeremy D
authors: JD
authors: Thorne
keywords: cross-modal plasticity; deafness; multisensory processing; race model; redundant signals effect
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