title: The primary cilium undergoes dynamic size modifications during adipocyte differentiation of human adipose stem cells.
abstract: The primary cilium is an organelle present in most of the cells of the organism. Ciliopathies are genetic disorders of the primary cilium and can be associated with obesity. We have studied the primary cilium during adipocyte differentiation of human adipose stem cells (hASC). We show here that the size of the primary cilium follows several modifications during adipocyte differentiation. It is absent in growing cells and appears in confluent cells. Interestingly, during the first days of differentiation, the cilium undergoes a dramatic elongation that can be mimicked by dexamethasone alone. Thereafter, its size decreases. It can still be detected in cells that begin to accumulate lipids but is absent in cells that are filled with lipids. The cilium elongation does not seem to affect the localization of proteins associated with the cilium such as Kif3-A or Smoothened. However, Hedgehog signaling, an anti-adipogenic pathway dependent on the primary cilium, is inhibited after three days of differentiation, concomitantly with the cilium size increase. Together, these results shed new light on the primary cilium and could provide us with new information on adipocyte differentiation under normal and pathological conditions.
authors: University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, UFR Sciences, Nice F-06108, France; CNRS, UMR7277, F-06108, France; Inserm, U1091, Nice F-06108, France.
authors: Nicolas
authors: N
authors: Forcioli-Conti
authors: Centre Commun de Microscopie Appliquée, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, UFR Sciences, 13 Parc Valrose, F-06108 Nice, France.
authors: Sandra
authors: S
authors: Lacas-Gervais
authors: University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, UFR Sciences, Nice F-06108, France; CNRS, UMR7277, F-06108, France; Inserm, U1091, Nice F-06108, France.
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Dani
authors: University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, UFR Sciences, Nice F-06108, France; CNRS, UMR7277, F-06108, France; Inserm, U1091, Nice F-06108, France. Electronic address: peraldi@unice.fr.
authors: Pascal
authors: P
authors: Peraldi
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D050156:Adipogenesis; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002923:Cilia / Q000378:metabolism; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D016547:Kinesins / Q000378:metabolism; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D000072086:Smoothened Receptor
chemical_list: D053823:Hedgehog Proteins; C087415:KIF3A protein, human; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; C491023:SMO protein, human; D000072086:Smoothened Receptor; D003907:Dexamethasone; D016547:Kinesins
keywords: Adipocyte differentiation; Human adipose stem cells; Primary cilium