title: Sex differences in coronary artery disease: pathological observations.
abstract: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the most frequent cause of death in both men and women. Many studies on CVD have included mostly men, and the knowledge about coronary artery disease (CAD) in women has largely been extrapolated from studies primarily focused on men. The influence of various risk factors is different between men and women; untoward effects of smoking of CAD are greater in women than men. Furthermore, the effect of the menopause is important in women, with higher incidence of plaque erosion in young women versus greater incidence of plaque rupture in older women. This review focuses on differences in plaque morphology in men and women presenting with sudden coronary death and acute myocardial infarction.
authors: CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
authors: Kazuyuki
authors: K
authors: Yahagi
authors: CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
authors: Harry R
authors: HR
authors: Davis
authors: Center for Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
authors: Eloisa
authors: E
authors: Arbustini
authors: CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD, USA. Electronic address: rvirmani@cvpath.org.
authors: Renu
authors: R
authors: Virmani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000503:physiopathology; D058226:Plaque, Atherosclerotic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000503:physiopathology
keywords: Atherosclerosis; Coronary artery disease; Menopause; Plaque erosion; Sex differences; Smoking