title: S-nitrosoglutathione reductase-modulated redox signaling controls sodic alkaline stress responses in Solanum lycopersicum L.
abstract: S-Nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) plays an important role in regulating nitric oxide (NO) and S-nitrosothiol (SNO) homeostasis, and is therefore involved in the modulation of processes mediated by reactive nitrogen species (RNS). Although RNS have emerged as a key component in plant response to abiotic stress, knowledge of their regulation by GSNOR under alkaline stress was lacking. In this study, metabolic regulation of NO and SNOs was investigated in tomato plants of the wild type (WT), GSNOR overexpression lines (OE-1/2) and GSNOR suppression lines (AS-1/2) grown under either control conditions or sodic alkaline stress. Phenotype, photosynthesis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism, Na(+)-K(+) homeostasis and expression of genes encoding ROS scavenging, Na(+) detoxification and programmed cell death (PCD) were also analyzed. Compared with WT lines, OE-1/2 lines were alkaline tolerant, while AS-1/2 lines were alkaline sensitive. In AS-1/2 lines, although genetic expression of Na(+) detoxification was activated by GSNOR-regulated NO and ROS signaling, excess RNS and ROS accumulation also led to serious oxidative stress and induced PCD. In contrast, overexpression of GSNOR significantly increased ROS scavenging efficiency. Thus, it seemed that increasing alkaline tolerance via GSNOR overexpression in tomato was attributed to the regulation of redox signaling including RNS and ROS.
authors: State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Environment Controlled Agricultural Engineering in Huang-Huai-Hai Region, Ministry of Agriculture, PR China; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, PR China.
authors: Biao
authors: B
authors: Gong
authors: State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Environment Controlled Agricultural Engineering in Huang-Huai-Hai Region, Ministry of Agriculture, PR China; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, PR China.
authors: Dan
authors: D
authors: Wen
authors: State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Environment Controlled Agricultural Engineering in Huang-Huai-Hai Region, Ministry of Agriculture, PR China; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, PR China.
authors: Xiufeng
authors: X
authors: Wang
authors: State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Environment Controlled Agricultural Engineering in Huang-Huai-Hai Region, Ministry of Agriculture, PR China; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, PR China.
authors: Min
authors: M
authors: Wei
authors: State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Environment Controlled Agricultural Engineering in Huang-Huai-Hai Region, Ministry of Agriculture, PR China; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, PR China.
authors: Fengjuan
authors: F
authors: Yang
authors: State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Environment Controlled Agricultural Engineering in Huang-Huai-Hai Region, Ministry of Agriculture, PR China; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, PR China.
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Li
authors: State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Environment Controlled Agricultural Engineering in Huang-Huai-Hai Region, Ministry of Agriculture, PR China; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, PR China qhshi@sdau.edu.cn.
authors: Qinghua
authors: Q
authors: Shi
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects; D000445:Aldehyde Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000468:Alkalies / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000187:drug effects; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D008954:Models, Biological; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects*; D013997:Time Factors; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000468:Alkalies; D000975:Antioxidants; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species; D012964:Sodium; D000445:Aldehyde Oxidoreductases; C087006:formaldehyde dehydrogenase, glutathione-independent; D011188:Potassium
keywords: Alkaline stress; GSNOR; RNS; ROS; S-nitrosylation; Tomato