title: ¹³C-based metabolic flux analysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with a reduced Crabtree effect.
abstract: Saccharomyces cerevisiae shows a Crabtree effect that produces ethanol in a high glucose concentration even under fully aerobic condition. For efficient production of cake yeast or compressed yeast for baking, ethanol by-production is not desired since glucose limited chemostat or fed-batch cultivations are performed to suppress the Crabtree effect. In this study, the (13)C-based metabolic flux analysis ((13)C-MFA) was performed for the S288C derived S. cerevisiae strain to characterize a metabolic state under the reduced Crabtree effect. S. cerevisiae cells were cultured at a low dilution rate (0.1 h(-1)) under the glucose-limited chemostat condition. The estimated metabolic flux distribution showed that the acetyl-CoA in mitochondria was mainly produced from pyruvate by pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) reaction and that the level of the metabolic flux through the pentose phosphate pathway was much higher than that of the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway, which contributes to high biomass yield at low dilution rate by supplying NADPH required for cell growth.
authors: Department of Bioinformatic Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, 1-5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. Electronic address: s-kajihata@ist.osaka-u.ac.jp.
authors: Shuichi
authors: S
authors: Kajihata
authors: Department of Bioinformatic Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, 1-5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. Electronic address: fmatsuda@ist.osaka-u.ac.jp.
authors: Fumio
authors: F
authors: Matsuda
authors: Department of Bioinformatic Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, 1-5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. Electronic address: mika_yoshimi@bio.eng.osaka-u.ac.jp.
authors: Mika
authors: M
authors: Yoshimi
authors: KANEKA Fundamental Technology Research Alliance Laboratories, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. Electronic address: Kenshi.Hayakawa@kaneka.co.jp.
authors: Kenshi
authors: K
authors: Hayakawa
authors: Department of Bioinformatic Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, 1-5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Quantitative Biology Center, RIKEN, 6-2-3 Furuedai, Suita, Osaka 565-0874, Japan. Electronic address: chikara.furusawa@riken.jp.
authors: Chikara
authors: C
authors: Furusawa
authors: New & Fundamental Technology Group Process Technology Laboratories, KANEKA Corporation, 1-8 Miyamae-cho, Takasago-cho, Takasago, Hyogo 676-8688, Japan. Electronic address: Akihisa_Kanda@kn.kaneka.co.jp.
authors: Akihisa
authors: A
authors: Kanda
authors: Department of Bioinformatic Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, 1-5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. Electronic address: shimizu@ist.osaka-u.ac.jp.
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Shimizu
mesh_terms: D000105:Acetyl Coenzyme A / Q000378:metabolism; D000332:Aerobiosis; D018533:Biomass; D000431:Ethanol / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006019:Glycolysis; D064688:Metabolic Flux Analysis; D009249:NADP / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010427:Pentose Phosphate Pathway; D011768:Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D019289:Pyruvic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D011768:Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex; D000431:Ethanol; D009249:NADP; D000105:Acetyl Coenzyme A; D019289:Pyruvic Acid; D005947:Glucose
keywords: (13)C-based metabolic flux analysis; Central carbon metabolism; Crabtree effect; Redox balance; Saccharomyces cerevisiae