title: Ameliorative effect of certain antioxidants against mercury induced genotoxicity in peripheral blood lymphocytes.
abstract: Various antioxidants play an important role in reducing the reactive oxygen species (ROS) by scavenging them directly or indirectly. Mercury (Hg) is one of the known hazardous genotoxicant, induces the genotoxicity by enhancing the ROS. In the present study, three structurally different bioactive compounds such as melatonin (0.2 mM), curcumin (3.87 µM) and andrographolide (0.4 µM) were evaluated against the genotoxic effect of mercury. All the experiments were conducted using the peripheral blood lymphocytes In Vitro. The cultures were exposed to different doses (2.63 µM; 6.57 µM; 10.52 µM) of mercury salt (HgCl2) for studying various genotoxic indices. All three antioxidant compounds, alone and in combination with high dose of mercury, were added to the cultures with controls. For ascertaining genotoxicity, sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs), cell cycle proliferative index/replicative index (CCPI/RI), average generation time (AGT), population doubling time (PDT), %M1, %M2 and %M3 were assessed and analyzed using suitable statistical analysis. The results revealed a dose dependent increase in SCEs, AGT and PDT, with a concomitant reduction in CCPI values after treatment of mercury. Supplementation of these three antioxidant compounds effectively negated these genotoxic endpoints in treated cultures with improvement in the cell cycle kinetics i.e. CCPI. The antimutagenic activity of these compounds on mercury induced genotoxicity was in the following order: melatonin > curcumin > andrographolide. In conclusion, these compounds have ameliorated mercury induced increase in genotoxic indices due to their excellent antioxidant properties and the combination seems to be effective.
authors: a Department of Zoology , Human Genetics Center, School of Sciences, Gujarat University , Ahmedabad , Gujarat , India.
authors: Tapan A
authors: TA
authors: Patel
authors: a Department of Zoology , Human Genetics Center, School of Sciences, Gujarat University , Ahmedabad , Gujarat , India.
authors: Mandava V
authors: MV
authors: Rao
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016587:Antimutagenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003474:Curcumin / Q000494:pharmacology; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008550:Melatonin / Q000494:pharmacology; D008627:Mercuric Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange / Q000187:drug effects; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D016587:Antimutagenic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D004224:Diterpenes; D009153:Mutagens; C030419:andrographolide; D008627:Mercuric Chloride; D003474:Curcumin; D008550:Melatonin
keywords: Andrographolide; antimutagenic; curcumin; lymphocytes; melatonin; mercury