title: Serological Evidence of Coxiella burnetii Infection in Cattle and Goats in Bangladesh.
abstract: We tested 1149 ruminant sera conveniently collected from three districts of Bangladesh to identify the serological evidence of Coxiella burnetii infection in cattle and goats by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We found that 0.7% (8/1149) of ruminants had detectable immunoglobulin G for C. burnetii: 0.65% (4/620) in cattle and 0.76% (4/529) in goats. A sub-set of ruminant samples was retested and confirmed by immunofluorescence assay (18/112). Although we cannot rule out false-positive reactions, our study suggests the presence of C. burnetii in cattle and goats in Bangladesh. Further studies are required to estimate disease burden at the population level and identify risk factors for Q fever in ruminants in Bangladesh.
authors: Zoonotic Diseases Research Group, Centre for Communicable Diseases, International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh. nazmulh@icddrb.org.
authors: Najmul
authors: N
authors: Haider
authors: Zoonotic Diseases Research Group, Centre for Communicable Diseases, International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
authors: Md Shafiqur
authors: MS
authors: Rahman
authors: Zoonotic Diseases Research Group, Centre for Communicable Diseases, International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
authors: Salah Uddin
authors: SU
authors: Khan
authors: United States Department of Agriculture, La Cienega, Hawthorne, CA, USA.
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Mikolon
authors: Department of Livestock Services, Ministries of Fisheries and Livestock, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
authors: Muzaffor G
authors: MG
authors: Osmani
authors: Zoonotic Diseases Research Group, Centre for Communicable Diseases, International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
authors: Emily S
authors: ES
authors: Gurley
authors: Zoonotic Diseases Research Group, Centre for Communicable Diseases, International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
authors: Ireen Sultana
authors: IS
authors: Shanta
authors: Zoonotic Diseases Research Group, Centre for Communicable Diseases, International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
authors: Suman Kumer
authors: SK
authors: Paul
authors: Zoonotic Diseases Research Group, Centre for Communicable Diseases, International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
authors: Laura
authors: L
authors: Macfarlane-Berry
authors: EcoHealth Alliance, New York, NY, USA.
authors: Ariful
authors: A
authors: Islam
authors: Zoonotic Diseases Research Group, Centre for Communicable Diseases, International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
authors: Ausraful
authors: A
authors: Islam
authors: EcoHealth Alliance, New York, NY, USA.
authors: James
authors: J
authors: Desmond
authors: EcoHealth Alliance, New York, NY, USA.
authors: Jonathan H
authors: JH
authors: Epstein
authors: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors: Rachael A
authors: RA
authors: Priestley
authors: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors: Gilbert J
authors: GJ
authors: Kersh
authors: Zoonotic Diseases Research Group, Centre for Communicable Diseases, International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
authors: Mohammed Ziaur
authors: MZ
authors: Rahman
authors: EcoHealth Alliance, New York, NY, USA.
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Daszak
authors: Zoonotic Diseases Research Group, Centre for Communicable Diseases, International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh.|Woods Institute of the Environment, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors: Stephen P
authors: SP
authors: Luby
authors: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors: Robert F
authors: RF
authors: Massung
authors: Zoonotic Diseases Research Group, Centre for Communicable Diseases, International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh.|Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors: Nord
authors: N
authors: Zeidner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D001459:Bangladesh; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016997:Coxiella burnetii / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D015511:Goat Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006041:Goats; D011778:Q Fever / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000662:veterinary*; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial
keywords: Bangladesh; C. burnetii; Q fever; cattle; goat; seroprevalence
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