title: "Dentinal microcracks after root canal preparation" a comparative evaluation with hand, rotary and reciprocating instrumentation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to compare the incidence of dentinal micro cracks after instrumentation with various types of NiTi files in rotary and reciprocating motion.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred human extracted mandibular central incisors were taken and divided into 10 groups (n=10 teeth per group). Group 1- No preparation, Group 2 - Hand instrumentation, Groups 3,4 - ProTaper files in rotary and reciprocating motion, Groups 5,6 - ProTaper Next files in rotary and reciprocating motion, Groups 7,8 - Oneshape files in rotary and reciprocating motion, Groups 9,10 - Reciproc files in rotary and reciprocating motion. Specimens were sectioned horizontally at 3,6 and 9 mm from the apex and dentinal micro cracks were observed under a stereomicroscope.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a statistically significant difference between the groups (p<0.05). There were no significant differences in crack formation between the groups (Protaper Next - Rot, Protaper Next - Rec, Reciproc - Rec); (ProTaper - Rot, ProTaper - Rec, Oneshape - Rot), (Oneshape - Rot, Reciproc - Rot), (One shape Reciproc, Reciproc - Rec); (p >.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Least cracks were seen in canals instrumented with Pro Taper Next files both in rotary and reciprocating motion. Full sequence rotary systems showed less cracks than single file systems and full sequence rotary systems showed less cracks in reciprocating motion than in rotary motion.
authors: Post Graduate Student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Mamata Dental College , Khammam, Telangana, India .
authors: N Tulasi
authors: NT
authors: Priya
authors: Professor & HOD, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Mamata Dental College , Khammam, Telangana, India .
authors: Veeramachaneni
authors: V
authors: Chandrasekhar
authors: Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Mamata Dental College , Khammam, Telangana, India .
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Anita
authors: Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Mamata Dental College , Khammam, Telangana, India .
authors: Muralidhar
authors: M
authors: Tummala
authors: Consultant Endodontist, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sri Rohini Dental Hospital , Hyderabad, Telangana, India .
authors: T B Phanindhar
authors: TB
authors: Raj
authors: Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Mamata Dental College , Khammam, Telangana, India .
authors: Vijetha
authors: V
authors: Badami
authors: Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Mamata Dental College , Khammam, Telangana, India .
authors: Pradeep
authors: P
authors: Kumar
authors: Senior Lecturer, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Meghana Dental College , Nizamabad, Telangana, India .
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Soujanya
keywords: Dentinal defects; Full sequence rotary systems; Nickel titanium; Reciprocating; Single file systems
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