title: Episodic memory and self-reference via semantic autobiographical memory: insights from an fMRI study in younger and older adults.
abstract: Self-referential processing relies mainly on the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and enhances memory encoding (i.e., Self-Reference Effect, SRE) as it improves the accuracy and richness of remembering in both young and older adults. However, studies on age-related changes in the neural correlates of the SRE on the subjective (i.e., autonoetic consciousness) and the objective (i.e., source memory) qualitative features of episodic memory are lacking. In the present fMRI study, we compared the effects of a self-related (semantic autobiographical memory task) and a non self-related (general semantic memory task) encoding condition on subsequent episodic memory retrieval. We investigated encoding-related activity during each condition in two groups of 19 younger and 16 older adults. Behaviorally, the SRE improved subjective memory performance in both groups but objective memory only in young adults. At the neural level, a direct comparison between self-related and non self-related conditions revealed that SRE mainly activated the cortical midline system, especially the MPFC, in both groups. Additionally, in older adults and regardless of the condition, greater activity was found in a fronto-parietal network. Overall, correlations were noted between source memory performance and activity in the MPFC (irrespective of age) and visual areas (mediated by age). Thus, the present findings expand evidence of the role of the MPFC in self-referential processing in the context of source memory benefit in both young and older adults using incidental encoding via semantic autobiographical memory. However, our finding suggests that its role is less effective in aging.
authors: Memory and Cognition Laboratory, Institut de Psychologie, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité Boulogne-Billancourt, France ; Center of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, INSERM UMR S894, Université Paris Descartes Paris, France ; Research Center in Cognition and Learning, UMR-CNRS 7295, Université de Poitiers Poitiers, France.
authors: Sandrine
authors: S
authors: Kalenzaga
authors: Memory and Cognition Laboratory, Institut de Psychologie, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité Boulogne-Billancourt, France ; Center of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, INSERM UMR S894, Université Paris Descartes Paris, France.
authors: Marco
authors: M
authors: Sperduti
authors: Memory and Cognition Laboratory, Institut de Psychologie, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité Boulogne-Billancourt, France ; Center of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, INSERM UMR S894, Université Paris Descartes Paris, France.
authors: Adèle
authors: A
authors: Anssens
authors: Memory and Cognition Laboratory, Institut de Psychologie, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité Boulogne-Billancourt, France ; Center of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, INSERM UMR S894, Université Paris Descartes Paris, France.
authors: Penelope
authors: P
authors: Martinelli
authors: Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris, France.
authors: Anne-Dominique
authors: AD
authors: Devauchelle
authors: Center of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, INSERM UMR S894, Université Paris Descartes Paris, France ; Laboratory of Physiopathology of Psychiatric Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Sainte Anne Paris, France.
authors: Thierry
authors: T
authors: Gallarda
authors: Memory and Cognition Laboratory, Institut de Psychologie, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité Boulogne-Billancourt, France ; Center of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, INSERM UMR S894, Université Paris Descartes Paris, France.
authors: Marion
authors: M
authors: Delhommeau
authors: Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris, France.
authors: Stéphanie
authors: S
authors: Lion
authors: Center of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, INSERM UMR S894, Université Paris Descartes Paris, France ; Laboratory of Physiopathology of Psychiatric Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Sainte Anne Paris, France.
authors: Isabelle
authors: I
authors: Amado
authors: Center of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, INSERM UMR S894, Université Paris Descartes Paris, France ; Laboratory of Physiopathology of Psychiatric Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Sainte Anne Paris, France.
authors: Marie-Odile
authors: MO
authors: Krebs
authors: Center of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, INSERM UMR S894, Université Paris Descartes Paris, France ; Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris, France.
authors: Catherine
authors: C
authors: Oppenheim
authors: Memory and Cognition Laboratory, Institut de Psychologie, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité Boulogne-Billancourt, France ; Center of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, INSERM UMR S894, Université Paris Descartes Paris, France ; Institut Universitaire de France France.
authors: Pascale
authors: P
authors: Piolino
keywords: aging; autobiographical memory; autonoetic consciousness; medial prefrontal cortex; self-reference effect; semantic memory; source memory
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