title: Serotonin transporter (5-HTTLPR) and norepinephrine transporter (NET) gene polymorphisms: susceptibility and treatment response of electroconvulsive therapy in treatment resistant depression.
abstract: Serotonin transporter (5-HTTLPR) and norepinephrine transporter (NET182C) polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility and treatment response in major depressive disorder (MDD). Thus, we examined association between these polymorphisms and susceptibility to treatment resistant depression, and treatment response in severe MDD patients treated with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). In total, 119 Finnish patients with treatment resistant depression and 395 healthy volunteer blood donors were genotyped. Depression severity was assessed using the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Scale (MADRS), with MADRS score change during ECT the treatment response indicator. Underrepresentation of the 5-HTTLPR l/l genotype in the NET TT subgroup was observed in patients compared with controls. There were no genotype or allele frequency differences between patients and control groups separately. Patients with combined 5-HTTLPR l/l and NET TT genotypes also had poorer treatment responses than other patients. No differences in ECT response were observed when the polymorphisms were examined separately. Our results suggest that a NET 182C and 5-HTTLPR polymorphism interaction is associated with susceptibility to treatment resistant depression and ECT treatment response in antidepressant resistant depression patients.
authors: University of Tampere, School of Medicine, 33014 Tampere, Finland. Electronic address: mervi.kautto@fimnet.fi.
authors: Mervi
authors: M
authors: Kautto
authors: University of Tampere, School of Medicine, 33014 Tampere, Finland; Seinäjoki Hospital District, Department of Psychiatry, Seinäjoki, Finland.
authors: Olli
authors: O
authors: Kampman
authors: Department of Clinical Chemistry, Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Fimlab Laboratories, University of Tampere, School of Medicine, Tampere, Finland.
authors: Nina
authors: N
authors: Mononen
authors: Department of Clinical Chemistry, Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Fimlab Laboratories, University of Tampere, School of Medicine, Tampere, Finland.
authors: Terho
authors: T
authors: Lehtimäki
authors: Division of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Department of Medical Biosciences, Umea° University, Umea°, Sweden.
authors: Susann
authors: S
authors: Haraldsson
authors: Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.
authors: Pasi A
authors: PA
authors: Koivisto
authors: University of Tampere, School of Medicine, 33014 Tampere, Finland; Tampere University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Tampere, Finland.
authors: Esa
authors: E
authors: Leinonen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003863:Depression / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy*; D004565:Electroconvulsive Therapy; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D050484:Norepinephrine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D050486:Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D017211:Treatment Failure
chemical_list: D050484:Norepinephrine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; C493230:SLC6A4 protein, human; D050486:Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
keywords: 5-HTTLPR; ECT; Gene polymorphism; NET; Treatment resistant depression; Treatment response