title: Involvement of interleukin-18 in the pathogenesis of human eosinophilic esophagitis.
abstract: IL-18 is induced in food allergy and EoE is food allergen-induced disease. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis whether IL-18 is involved in food allergen-induced EoE pathogenesis. Accordingly, we examined normal SPT+ and SPT- EoE patient blood and biopsy samples for IL-18, IL-18Rα, ICAM and VCAM expression. Herein, we show increased IL-18 level is highly significant in food allergen SPT+ compared to SPT- EoE patients. We also report that IL-18Rα+ cells and mRNA levels are induced in the esophageal biopsies of EoE patients and blood IL-18 levels correlate with esophageal eosinophilia (P<0.01). Additionally, we report that the levels of esophageal eosinophil and mast cells correlate with ICAM expression in human EoE. Mechanistically, we show that IL-18 in vitro stimulates iNKT cells and endothelial cells and induce eosinophil active cytokines IL-5 and IL-13. We provide the evidence that IL-18 is critical cytokine involved in activation of iNKT cells and ICAM in promoting human EoE.
authors: Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
authors: Rituraj
authors: R
authors: Niranjan
authors: Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
authors: Priya
authors: P
authors: Rajavelu
authors: Section of Pulmonary Diseases, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
authors: Sathisha Upparahalli
authors: SU
authors: Ventateshaiah
authors: Section of Pulmonary Diseases, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
authors: Jai Shankar
authors: JS
authors: Shukla
authors: Section of Pulmonary Diseases, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
authors: Asifa
authors: A
authors: Zaidi
authors: Section of Pulmonary Diseases, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
authors: Siddesha Jalahalli
authors: SJ
authors: Mariswamy
authors: Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Mikrobiologisches Institut-Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany.
authors: Jochen
authors: J
authors: Mattner
authors: Section of Pediatric and Adult Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
authors: Ilana
authors: I
authors: Fortgang
authors: Section of Pediatric and Adult Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
authors: Monika
authors: M
authors: Kowalczyk
authors: Section of Pediatric and Adult Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
authors: Luis
authors: L
authors: Balart
authors: Section of Pulmonary Diseases, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
authors: Anshi
authors: A
authors: Shukla
authors: Section of Pulmonary Diseases, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. Electronic address: Anil.Mishra@tulane.edu.
authors: Anil
authors: A
authors: Mishra
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002460:Cell Line; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D057765:Eosinophilic Esophagitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D004947:Esophagus / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005512:Food Hypersensitivity / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018793:Interleukin-13 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D020382:Interleukin-18 / Q000276:immunology*; D053727:Interleukin-18 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D015848:Interleukin-5 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D055611:Natural Killer T-Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012882:Skin Tests; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C508599:IL5 protein, human; D018793:Interleukin-13; D020382:Interleukin-18; D053727:Interleukin-18 Receptor alpha Subunit; D015848:Interleukin-5; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1
keywords: EoE; ICAM; IL-18Rα; Interleukin-IL-18; iNKT cells
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