title: Risk Factors Associated With Hookah Use.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Potential harms associated with hookah smoking are largely unrecognized and it is emerging as a trendy behavior. To help inform policy and preventive interventions, we used responses from a population survey of US adults to examine risk factors associated with hookah involvement.
  
  
  METHODS
  An online survey of 17 522 US adults was conducted in 2013. The nationally representative sample was drawn from GfK Group's KnowledgePanel plus off-panel recruitment. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the relationships between tobacco use patterns across multiple products (cigarettes, cigars, and dissolvables), perceived harms towards regular pipe/hookah use, and demographic characteristics with hookah involvement (never used, ever used with/without reusing intent).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nearly one in five (16%) of the respondents had smoked hookah at least once in their life ("ever users"). Ever users of hookah were at higher risk of having used cigarettes, cigars, and dissolvable tobacco products (all P < .01). Odds for hookah use were greater for those who perceived regular pipe/hookah use as less dangerous (P < .05). Odds for hookah involvement were higher among young adults (P < .001), individuals with higher educational attainment (P < .01), and Hispanics/Latinos (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Information about the public health harms associated with hookah smoking should be delivered to individuals at-risk for hookah smoking. It is likely that misconceptions about the safety of hookah smoking could be driving, at least in-part, its increase in popularity.
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; rehgp@psychiatry.wustl.edu.
authors: Patricia A
authors: PA
authors: Cavazos-Rehg
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO;
authors: Melissa J
authors: MJ
authors: Krauss
authors: Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL.
authors: Yoonsang
authors: Y
authors: Kim
authors: Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL.
authors: Sherry L
authors: SL
authors: Emery
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011634:Public Health / Q000379:methods; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D062789:Tobacco Products / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D064424:Tobacco Use / Q000453:epidemiology; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
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