title: Changes in the corpus callosum in women with late-stage bipolar disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study investigated the differences in corpus callosum (CC) volumes between women with early-stage and late-stage bipolar I (BP I) disorder using the criteria previously described in the literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  We compared women with early- and late-stage BP I using criteria described in the Staging Systems Task Force Report of the International Society for Bipolar Disorders. We included 20 patients with early stage and 21 patients with late-stage BP I and a group of 25 healthy controls. Patients and controls underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging. Information on the clinical features of bipolar disorder was collected using a standardized questionnaire. Anatomical volumes of five regions of CC were compared between the three groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Women with late-stage BP I disorder had reduced posterior CC volumes compared with early-stage bipolar I patients and controls (F = 6.05; P = 0.004). The difference was significant after controlling for age, comorbidity with post-traumatic stress disorder, psychotic symptoms during mood episodes, and current use of medication.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The posterior CC was significantly decreased in volume in women with late-stage bipolar disorder. These findings suggest that CC may be an anatomical target of neuroprogression in the course of bipolar disorder in women.
authors: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UT Houston Medical School, UT Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Houston, TX, USA.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Lavagnino
authors: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UT Houston Medical School, UT Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Houston, TX, USA.
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Cao
authors: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UT Houston Medical School, UT Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Houston, TX, USA.
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Mwangi
authors: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UT Houston Medical School, UT Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Houston, TX, USA.
authors: M-J
authors: MJ
authors: Wu
authors: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UT Houston Medical School, UT Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Houston, TX, USA.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Sanches
authors: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UT Houston Medical School, UT Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Houston, TX, USA.
authors: G B
authors: GB
authors: Zunta-Soares
authors: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UT Houston Medical School, UT Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Houston, TX, USA.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Kapczinski
authors: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UT Houston Medical School, UT Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Houston, TX, USA.
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Soares
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003337:Corpus Callosum / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000473:pathology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D011379:Prognosis; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D015850:Interleukin-6
keywords: affective disorders; bipolar disorder; magnetic resonance imaging; staging
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