title: High-Oleic Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Food Maintains Docosahexaenoic Acid Status in Severe Malnutrition.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF) is the preferred treatment for uncomplicated severe acute malnutrition. It contains large amounts of linoleic acid and little α-linolenic acid, which may reduce the availability of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) to the recovering child. A novel high-oleic RUTF (HO-RUTF) was developed with less linoleic acid to determine its effect on DHA and EPA status.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical effectiveness trial treating rural Malawian children with severe acute malnutrition. Children were treated with either HO-RUTF or standard RUTF. Plasma phospholipid fatty acid status was measured on enrollment and after 4 weeks and compared between the 2 intervention groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the 141 children enrolled, 48 of 71 receiving HO-RUTF and 50 of 70 receiving RUTF recovered. Plasma phospholipid samples were analyzed from 43 children consuming HO-RUTF and 35 children consuming RUTF. The change in DHA content during the first 4 weeks was +4% and -25% in the HO-RUTF and RUTF groups, respectively (P = 0.04). For EPA, the change in content was 63% and -24% in the HO-RUTF and RUTF groups, respectively (P < 0.001). For arachidonic acid, the change in content was -3% and 13% in the HO-RUTF and RUTF groups, respectively (P < 0.009).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The changes in DHA and EPA seen in the children treated with HO-RUTF warrant further investigation because they suggest that HO-RUTF support improved polyunsaturated fatty acid status, necessary for neural development and recovery.
authors: *Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO †Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY ‡Nutriset, Malaunay, France §Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA ||College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi, Africa.
authors: Ji-Cheng
authors: JC
authors: Hsieh
authors: Lei
authors: L
authors: Liu
authors: Mamane
authors: M
authors: Zeilani
authors: Scott
authors: S
authors: Ickes
authors: Indi
authors: I
authors: Trehan
authors: Ken
authors: K
authors: Maleta
authors: Christina
authors: C
authors: Craig
authors: Chrissie
authors: C
authors: Thakwalakwa
authors: Lauren
authors: L
authors: Singh
authors: J Thomas
authors: JT
authors: Brenna
authors: Mark J
authors: MJ
authors: Manary
mesh_terms: D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000097:blood; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000097:blood*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000097:blood; D057140:Fast Foods; D005260:Female; D005526:Food, Formulated; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009752:Nutritional Status; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000097:blood; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011502:Protein-Energy Malnutrition / Q000178:diet therapy*; D015430:Weight Gain; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D010743:Phospholipids; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D019301:Oleic Acid; D019787:Linoleic Acid; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid
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