title: Infant male circumcision: healthcare provider knowledge and associated factors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The emerging science demonstrates various health benefits associated with infant male circumcision and adult male circumcision; yet rates are declining in the United States. The American Academy of Pediatrics and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend that healthcare providers present evidence-based risk and benefit information for infant male circumcision to parent(s) and guardian(s). The purpose of this study was to assess providers' level of infant male circumcision knowledge and to identify the associated characteristics.
  
  
  METHODS
  An online survey was administered to healthcare providers in the family medicine, obstetrics, and pediatrics medical specialties at an urban academic health center. To assess infant male circumcision knowledge, a 17 point summary score was constructed to identify level of provider knowledge within the survey.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety-two providers completed the survey. Providers scored high for the following knowledge items: adverse event rates, protects against phimosis and urinary tract infections, and does not prevent hypospadias. Providers scored lower for items related to more recent research: protection against cervical cancer, genital ulcer disease, bacterial vaginosis, and reduction in HIV acquisition. Two models were constructed looking at (1) overall knowledge about male circumcision, and (2) knowledge about male circumcision reduction in HIV acquisition. Pediatricians demonstrated greater overall infant male circumcision knowledge, while obstetricians exhibited significantly greater knowledge for the HIV acquisition item.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Providers' knowledge levels regarding the risks and benefits of infant male circumcision are highly variable, indicating the need for system-based educational interventions.
authors: University of Illinois at Chicago, School of Public Health, Division of Community Health Sciences, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
authors: Erin J
authors: EJ
authors: Starzyk
authors: University of Illinois at Chicago, School of Public Health, Division of Community Health Sciences, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
authors: Michele A
authors: MA
authors: Kelley
authors: University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
authors: Rachel N
authors: RN
authors: Caskey
authors: University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Medicine, Department of Medical Education, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
authors: Alan
authors: A
authors: Schwartz
authors: University of Illinois at Chicago, School of Public Health, Division of Community Health Sciences, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
authors: Joan F
authors: JF
authors: Kennelly
authors: University of Illinois at Chicago, School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
authors: Robert C
authors: RC
authors: Bailey
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002648:Child; D002944:Circumcision, Male; D003625:Data Collection; D005260:Female; D006678:HIV / Q000472:pathogenicity; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology; D006282:Health Personnel; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010820:Physicians; D012067:Religion; D014481:United States; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control
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