title: Lifetime prevalence of gender-based violence in US women: associations with mood/anxiety and substance use disorders.
abstract: No population-representative US study has examined how lifetime exposure to gender-based violence (GBV) is related to a broad range of mood/anxiety and substance use disorders. The current study advances the literature by examining the relative contributions of developmental timing of earliest GBV exposure and amount of lifetime GBV exposure on risk for eight mood/anxiety and ten substance use disorders. Participants were 20,089 women from wave 2 (2004-2005) of the National Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions. Women reporting lifetime GBV (25%; n = 5284) had 3.6 and 2.5 times the odds of meeting lifetime mood/anxiety and substance use disorder criteria, respectively. Number of types and number of incidents of GBV were associated with risk for both types of disorders in a dose-response fashion; when examined simultaneously, number of types of GBV was the stronger predictor of mood/anxiety and substance use disorders. Relative to those who first experienced GBV during adulthood, first exposure during childhood and adolescence was associated with increased risk for mood/anxiety and substance use disorders. One in four women reported lifetime GBV, which had pernicious effects on mood/anxiety and substance use disorders, particularly for women who had experienced multiple types of GBV. The GBV effect varied by developmental period of exposure. Prevention of GBV is critical to reducing its burden. Among those exposed to GBV, clinicians should consider assessing a range of disorders and providing integrated treatment targeting multiple outcomes.
authors: Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, Room 520, New York, NY 10032, USA. Electronic address: klw2153@columbia.edu.
authors: Kate
authors: K
authors: Walsh
authors: Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, Room 520, New York, NY 10032, USA.
authors: Katherine M
authors: KM
authors: Keyes
authors: Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, Room 520, New York, NY 10032, USA.
authors: Karestan C
authors: KC
authors: Koenen
authors: Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, Room 520, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA.
authors: Deborah
authors: D
authors: Hasin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017668:Age of Onset; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014754:Violence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Developmental sequelae; Gender-based violence; Mood/anxiety disorders; Substance use disorders
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