title: The effects of water pipe smoking on hematological parameters in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to investigate the effect of water-pipe (WP) smoking on hematological parameters of Wistar rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-five young male rats (200-250 g) were randomly assigned to five groups (n=7). The control group was exposed to room air and the experimental groups were exposed to WP smoking, using a special apparatus designed to have the ability to keep the rats for 40 minutes every day for 4, 8, 12 and 12 weeks; moreover, one of the two groups of 12 weeks of WP exposer had four following weeks of rest. Blood samples were collected to evaluate red blood cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, white blood cell and platelet counts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed that RBC count, Hb and Hct parameters were significantly higher in WP smoking rats than the control group (P< 0.001). We found that WBC counts insignificantly increased (P < 0.39) but Plt counts insignificantly decreased (P < 0.13) in WP smoking rats compared with control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings may help to raise awareness of tobacco smokers about the potential toxicities of WP; likewise, the results can be used by physicians and public health officials in tobacco prevention programs.
authors: Genetics of Non-Communicable Disease Research Centre, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran ; Department of Genetics, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
authors: Ebrahim
authors: E
authors: Miri-Moghaddam
authors: Health promotion research Center, Faculty of Health, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
authors: Ramazan
authors: R
authors: Mirzaei
authors: Depth of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
authors: Mohammad-Reza
authors: MR
authors: Arab
authors: Students Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
authors: Samaneh
authors: S
authors: Kaikha
keywords: Health; Hematological parameters; Rat; Smoke; Water-Pipe
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