title: Identification of plasma protein markers common to patients with malignant tumour and Abnormal Savda in Uighur medicine: a prospective clinical study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Traditional Uighur medicine shares an origin with Greco-Arab medicine. It describes the health of a human body as the dynamic homeostasis of four normal Hilits (humours), known as Kan, Phlegm, Safra, and Savda. An abnormal change in one Hilit may cause imbalance among the Hilits, leading to the development of a syndrome. Abnormal Savda is a major syndrome of complex diseases that are associated with common biological changes during disease development. Here, we studied the protein expression profile common to tumour patients with Abnormal Savda to elucidate the biological basis of this syndrome and identify potential biomarkers associated with Abnormal Savda.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with malignant tumours were classified by the diagnosis of Uighur medicine into two groups: Abnormal Savda type tumour (ASt) and non-Abnormal Savda type tumour (nASt), which includes other syndromes. The profile of proteins that were differentially expressed in ASt compared with nASt and normal controls (NC) was analysed by iTRAQ proteomics and evaluated by bioinformatics using MetaCore™ software and an online database. The expression of candidate proteins was verified in all plasma samples by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified 31 plasma proteins that were differentially expressed in ASt compared with nASt, of which only 10 showed quantitatively different expression between ASt and NC. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that most of these proteins are known biomarkers for neoplasms of the stomach, breast, and lung. ELISA detection showed significant upregulation of plasma SAA1 and SPP24 and downregulation of PIGR and FASN in ASt compared with nASt and NC (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Abnormal Savda may be causally associated with changes in the whole regulation network of protein expression during carcinogenesis. The expression of potential biomarkers might be used to distinguish Abnormal Savda from other syndromes.
authors: Key Laboratory of High-Incident Diseases in Uyghur Ethnic Population supported by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xinyi Rd., Urumqi, 830011, P R China. halmurat@263.net.
authors: Halmurat
authors: H
authors: Upur
authors: Oncology Center, Affiliated General Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xinyi Rd., Urumqi, 830011, P R China. chenyin713@163.com.
authors: Yin
authors: Y
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xinyi Rd., Urumqi, 830011, P R China. mayilahexiami@126.com.
authors: Mayila
authors: M
authors: Kamilijiang
authors: Oncology Center, Affiliated General Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xinyi Rd., Urumqi, 830011, P R China. dengwanwan7723@sina.com.
authors: Wanli
authors: W
authors: Deng
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xinyi Rd., Urumqi, 830011, P R China. xirzatgg@gmail.com.
authors: Xierzhatijiang
authors: X
authors: Sulaiman
authors: School of Uighur Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xinyi Rd., Urumqi, 830011, P R China. rena727@sina.com.
authors: Renaguli
authors: R
authors: Aizezi
authors: Oncology Center, Affiliated General Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xinyi Rd., Urumqi, 830011, P R China. hellosult@163.com.
authors: Xiao
authors: X
authors: Wu
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xinyi Rd., Urumqi, 830011, P R China. laili0308@hotmail.com.
authors: Wuniqiemu
authors: W
authors: Tulake
authors: Key Laboratory of High-Incident Diseases in Uyghur Ethnic Population supported by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xinyi Rd., Urumqi, 830011, P R China. abulizi_de@163.com.
authors: Abulizi
authors: A
authors: Abudula
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D035843:Biomedical Research; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D019295:Computational Biology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000097:blood*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D040901:Proteomics; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000097:blood; D013577:Syndrome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001798:Blood Proteins
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