title: Comparative study of the effects of citral on the growth and injury of Listeria innocua and Listeria monocytogenes cells.
abstract: This study investigates the effect of citral on growth and on the occurrence of sublethal damage in Listeria innocua Serovar 6a (CECT 910) and Listeria monocytogenes Serovar 4b (CECT 4032) cells that were exposed to citral as a natural antimicrobial agent. Two initial inoculum concentrations were considered in this investigation: 10(2) and 10(6) cfu/mL. Citral exhibited antilisterial activity against L. innocua and L. monocytogenes, and the observed effects were dependent on the concentration of citral present in the culture medium (0, 0.150 and 0.250 μL/mL) (p ≤ 0.05). L. innocua had a shorter lag phase than L. monocytogenes, and the two species had nearly identical maximum specific growth rates. These results indicate that L. innocua could be used as surrogate for L. monocytogenes when testing the effects of this antimicrobial. Significant differences in the lag phase and growth rate were observed between the small and large inoculum concentration (p ≤ 0.05). Citral-treated L. innocua and L. monocytogenes that were recovered on selective medium (i.e., TSA-YE-SC) had a shorter lag phase and a higher maximum specific growth rate than cells that were recovered on non-selective medium (i.e., TSA-YE) (p ≤ 0.05). This result suggests that damage occurs at sublethal concentrations of citral.
authors: Departamento de Biotecnologia Agrolimentaria, Biopolis S.L., Avda. Agustín Escardino, 9, 46980 Paterna, Spain.
authors: Angela B
authors: AB
authors: Silva-Angulo
authors: Espirito Santo Federal University, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Alegre, Brazil.
authors: Surama F
authors: SF
authors: Zanini
authors: Embrapa Food Technology, Av. das Américas 23020-470, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors: Amauri
authors: A
authors: Rosenthal
authors: Department of Preservation and Food Quality, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain.
authors: Dolores
authors: D
authors: Rodrigo
authors: Institute of Food Quality and Food Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany.
authors: Günter
authors: G
authors: Klein
authors: Department of Preservation and Food Quality, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain.
authors: Antonio
authors: A
authors: Martínez
mesh_terms: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D007700:Kinetics; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D039821:Monoterpenes; C007076:citral
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