title: Dental plaque development on a hydroxyapatite disk in young adults observed by using a barcoded pyrosequencing approach.
abstract: Dental plaque is a dynamic microbial biofilm ecosystem that comprises hundreds of species including difficult-to-cultivate bacteria. We observed the assembly of a plaque bacterial community through 16S rRNA gene analysis. Plaque samples that accumulated on a hydroxyapatite disk for 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 7 days with saliva on day 0 were collected from 19 young adults using a removable resin splint. Quantitative PCR analysis showed that the total bacterial amount gradually increased and reached a plateau on day 4. Barcoded pyrosequencing analysis revealed that the microbial richness and diversity particularly increased between days 5 and 7. A principal coordinate analysis plot based on unweighted UniFrac showed the community assembly in a time-related manner, which became increasingly similar to the salivary microbiota. Facultative anaerobic bacteria such as Streptococcus, Neisseria, Abiotrophia, Gemella, and Rothia were predominant in the plaque bacterial community in the earlier days, whereas obligate anaerobes, such as Porphyromonas, Fusobacterium, Prevotella, and Capnocytophaga showed increased dominance on later days. UniFrac analysis also demonstrated that dental caries experience had a significant effect on the assembly process. Our results reveal the development pattern of the plaque bacterial community as well as the inter-individual differences associated with dental caries experience.
authors: Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Kyushu University Faculty of Dental Science, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors: Toru
authors: T
authors: Takeshita
authors: Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Kyushu University Faculty of Dental Science, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors: Masaki
authors: M
authors: Yasui
authors: Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Kyushu University Faculty of Dental Science, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors: Yukie
authors: Y
authors: Shibata
authors: Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Kyushu University Faculty of Dental Science, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors: Michiko
authors: M
authors: Furuta
authors: Oral Science Section, Central Laboratory, Lotte Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan.
authors: Yoji
authors: Y
authors: Saeki
authors: Department of Biostatistics, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu City, Oita, Japan.
authors: Nobuoki
authors: N
authors: Eshima
authors: Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Kyushu University Faculty of Dental Science, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors: Yoshihisa
authors: Y
authors: Yamashita
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001419:Bacteria / Q000254:growth & development; D044822:Biodiversity; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D058893:DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic / Q000379:methods*; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000382:microbiology; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000382:microbiology*; D017886:Durapatite / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000379:methods*; D013045:Species Specificity; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D017886:Durapatite
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