title: Latino Physicians in the United States, 1980-2010: A Thirty-Year Overview From the Censuses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To update and extend a 2000 study on the California Latino physician workforce, the authors examined the Latino physician workforce in the 30-year time frame spanning 1980 to 2010, comparing changes in the rates of physicians per 100,000 population for the Latino and non-Hispanic white (NHW) populations in the United States as a whole and in the five states with (in 2010) the largest Latino populations.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors used detailed data from the U.S. Census (Public Use Microdata Samples for 1980-2010) to identify total population, total number of physicians, and Spanish-language ability for both the Latino and NHW populations. They examined nativity for only Latinos.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the national level, the NHW physician rate per 100,000 of the NHW population increased from 211 in 1980 to 315 in 2010 while the Latino physician rate per 100,000 of the Latino population dropped over the same period from 135 to 105. With small variations, the same trend occurred in all five of the states examined. At the national and state levels, Latino physicians were far more likely to speak Spanish than NHW physicians. Over the 30-year period, the Latino physician population has evolved from being primarily foreign born to being about evenly split between foreign born and U.S. born.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Latino physician shortage has worsened over the past 30 years. The authors recommend immediate action on the national and local level to increase the supply of Latino physicians.
authors: G. Sánchez is associate clinical professor, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), and family medicine associate residency program director, Los Angeles County Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. T. Nevarez is associate clinical professor, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), and family medicine residency program director, Los Angeles County Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. W. Schink is retired chief of research division, California Department of Social Services, Sacramento, California. D.E. Hayes-Bautista is distinguished professor of medicine and director, Center for the Study of Latino Health and Culture, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
authors: Gloria
authors: G
authors: Sánchez
authors: Theresa
authors: T
authors: Nevarez
authors: Werner
authors: W
authors: Schink
authors: David E
authors: DE
authors: Hayes-Bautista
mesh_terms: D019352:Censuses; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000208:ethnology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D010820:Physicians / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000600:supply & distribution* / Q000639:trends; D014481:United States