title: Skin colour, skin redness and melanin biometric measurements: comparison study between Antera(®) 3D, Mexameter(®) and Colorimeter(®).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The actual skin colorimeters analyse reflect values from a limited number of broad spectral bands and consequently present limited reproducibility and specificity when measuring skin colour. Here, Antera 3D(®) , a new device which uses reflectance mapping of seven different light wavelengths spanning the entire visible spectrum, has been compared with Mexameter(®) MX-18, an established narrow-band reflectance spectrophotometer and with Colorimeter(®) CL-400, an established tristimulus colorimetric instrument.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty volunteers were exposed to a controlled ultra-violet B light. Measurements with Antera 3D(®) , Mexameter(®) MX-18 and Colorimeter(®) CL-400 were done before treatment and after 2, 7 and 14 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Antera 3D(®) showed to have a better sensitivity and specificity than Mexameter(®) MX-18 regarding the melanin parameter. A similar sensitivity between Antera 3D(®) and Mexameter(®) MX-18 was found for erythema determination and also for the Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage L*, a* and b* parameters between Antera 3D(®) and Colorimeter(®) CL-400. Good correlations were observed for all the parameters analysed. Repeatability of Mexameter(®) MX-18 and Colorimeter(®) CL-400 values were lower than that of Antera 3D(®) for all the parameters analysed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Antera 3D(®) , such as Mexameter(®) MX-18 and Colorimeter(®) CL-400, are robust, sensitive and precise equipment for the skin colour analysis.
authors: Inovapotek, Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Porto, Portugal.
authors: Ana Rita
authors: AR
authors: Matias
authors: Inovapotek, Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Porto, Portugal.
authors: Marta
authors: M
authors: Ferreira
authors: Faculty of Pharmacy of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors: Paulo
authors: P
authors: Costa
authors: Inovapotek, Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Porto, Portugal.
authors: Patrícia
authors: P
authors: Neto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001699:Biometry / Q000295:instrumentation*; D003124:Colorimetry / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D004890:Erythema / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008029:Lighting / Q000295:instrumentation; D008297:Male; D008543:Melanins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010860:Pigments, Biological / Q000378:metabolism; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism*; D012880:Skin Pigmentation; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D008543:Melanins; D010860:Pigments, Biological
keywords: Antera; Colorimeter; Mexameter; melanin; skin colour; skin redness