title: Long-term results from cyclocryotherapy applied to the 3o'clock and 9o'clock positions in blind refractory glaucoma patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the long-term follow-up results after cyclocryotherapy, applied to the 3-o'clock and 9-o'clock positions in blind refractory glaucoma patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 19 blind patients, and a total of 20 eyes with refractory glaucoma who were treated with cyclocryotherapy. Cyclocryotherapy treatments were performed using a retinal cryoprobe. The temperature of each cyclocryotherapy spot was -80°C and each spot was maintained in place for 60 seconds. Six cyclocryotherapy spots were placed in each quadrant, including the 3-o'clock and 9-o'clock positions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean baseline pretreatment intraocular pressure (IOP) in all eyes was 50.9 ± 12.5 mmHg, which significantly decreased to a mean IOP at last follow-up of 14.1 ± 7.1 mmHg (p < 0.001). The mean number of antiglaucoma medications that patients were still taking at last follow-up was 0.3 ± 0.6. Devastating post-procedure phthisis occurred in only one eye.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cyclocryotherapy, performed at each quadrant and at the 3-o'clock and 9-o'clock position, is an effective way to lower IOP and, thus, is a reasonable treatment option for refractory glaucoma patients who experience with ocular pain and headaches.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.
authors: Byoung Seon
authors: BS
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.
authors: Young Jun
authors: YJ
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea. ; Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.
authors: Seong Wook
authors: SW
authors: Seo
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea. ; Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.
authors: Ji Myong
authors: JM
authors: Yoo
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea. ; Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.
authors: Seong Jae
authors: SJ
authors: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001766:Blindness / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D003452:Cryosurgery / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014792:Visual Acuity
keywords: Cryotherapy; Refractory glaucoma
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