title: Coronary arteries segmentation based on the 3D discrete wavelet transform and 3D neutrosophic transform.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Most applications in the field of medical image processing require precise estimation. To improve the accuracy of segmentation, this study aimed to propose a novel segmentation method for coronary arteries to allow for the automatic and accurate detection of coronary pathologies.
  
  
  METHODS
  The proposed segmentation method included 2 parts. First, 3D region growing was applied to give the initial segmentation of coronary arteries. Next, the location of vessel information, HHH subband coefficients of the 3D DWT, was detected by the proposed vessel-texture discrimination algorithm. Based on the initial segmentation, 3D DWT integrated with the 3D neutrosophic transformation could accurately detect the coronary arteries.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Each subbranch of the segmented coronary arteries was segmented correctly by the proposed method. The obtained results are compared with those ground truth values obtained from the commercial software from GE Healthcare and the level-set method proposed by Yang et al., 2007. Results indicate that the proposed method is better in terms of efficiency analyzed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on the initial segmentation of coronary arteries obtained from 3D region growing, one-level 3D DWT and 3D neutrosophic transformation can be applied to detect coronary pathologies accurately.
authors: Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan ; Department of Applied Mathematics, Tunghai University, Taichung 40704, Taiwan ; Sustainability Research Center, Tunghai University, Taichung 40704, Taiwan.
authors: Shuo-Tsung
authors: ST
authors: Chen
authors: Cardiovascular Center and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10048, Taiwan.
authors: Tzung-Dau
authors: TD
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Medical Imaging, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10048, Taiwan.
authors: Wen-Jeng
authors: WJ
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Nursing, Hungkuang University, Taichung 43302, Taiwan.
authors: Tsai-Wei
authors: TW
authors: Huang
authors: Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
authors: Pei-Kai
authors: PK
authors: Hung
authors: Department of Exercise and Health Promotion, College of Education, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 11114, Taiwan ; Department of Neurology, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 50544, Taiwan.
authors: Cheng-Yu
authors: 0000-0001-9567-9877
authors: CY
authors: Wei
authors: Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
authors: Chung-Ming
authors: CM
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Exercise and Health Promotion, College of Education, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 11114, Taiwan ; Department of Neurosurgery, Lo-Hsu Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Luodong, Yilan 26546, Taiwan.
authors: Woon-Man
authors: WM
authors: Kung
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D058067:Wavelet Analysis
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