title: An outbreak following importation of wild poliovirus in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China, 2011.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  After more than 10 years without a case of wild poliovirus (WPV) in China, an outbreak occurred in 2011 in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region.
  
  
  METHODS
  Acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) case surveillance was strengthened with epidemiological investigations and specimen collection and serological surveys were conducted among hospitalized patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 21 WPV cases and 23 clinical compatible polio cases reported. WPV was isolated from 14 contacts of AFP cases and 13 in the healthy population. Incidence of WPV and clinical compatible polio cases were both highest among children <1 years, however, 24/44 (54.5%) polio cases were reported among adults aged 15-39 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High coverage of routine immunization should be maintained among children until WPV transmission is globally eradicated. Expansion of AFP case surveillance and use of serologic surveys to estimate population immunity should be conducted rapidly to guide preparedness and response planning for future WPV outbreaks.
authors: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, PR China. hbwang2005@163.com.|Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Xueyuan Rd 38#, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, PR China. hbwang2005@163.com.
authors: Hai-Bo
authors: HB
authors: Wang
authors: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, PR China. yuwenzhou2012@163.com.
authors: Wen-Zhou
authors: WZ
authors: Yu
authors: Expanded Programme on Immunization, Xinjiang Uyghur autonomous region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 138 Jianquanyi Street, Urumqi City, Xinjiang Uyghur autonomous region, 830001, PR China. wxq00000001@yahoo.com.cn.
authors: Xin-Qi
authors: XQ
authors: Wang
authors: Expanded Programme on Immunization, Xinjiang Uyghur autonomous region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 138 Jianquanyi Street, Urumqi City, Xinjiang Uyghur autonomous region, 830001, PR China. xjnip@126.com.
authors: Fuerhati
authors: F
authors: Wushouer
authors: The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, 344 Wuxingnanlu Street, Urumqi City, Xinjiang Uyghur autonomous region, 830002, PR China. 595174038@qq.com.
authors: Jian-Ping
authors: JP
authors: Wang
authors: WHO WPRO Regional Polio Reference Laboratory, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 155 Changbai Rd, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, PR China. yanzi1973_55@hotmail.com.
authors: Dong-Yan
authors: DY
authors: Wang
authors: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, PR China. cuifuq@126.com.
authors: Fu-Qiang
authors: FQ
authors: Cui
authors: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, PR China. zhengjsh@hotmail.com.
authors: Jing-Shan
authors: JS
authors: Zheng
authors: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, PR China. ning_wen@163.com.
authors: Ning
authors: N
authors: Wen
authors: WHO WPRO Regional Polio Reference Laboratory, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 155 Changbai Rd, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, PR China. heartsound@vip.sina.com.
authors: Yi-Xin
authors: YX
authors: Ji
authors: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, PR China. Fanchx98@163.com.
authors: Chun-Xiang
authors: CX
authors: Fan
authors: WHO WPRO Regional Polio Reference Laboratory, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 155 Changbai Rd, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, PR China. wanghl0520@163.com.
authors: Hui-Ling
authors: HL
authors: Wang
authors: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, PR China. ninggj@chinacdc.cn.
authors: Gui-Jun
authors: GJ
authors: Ning
authors: WHO WPRO Regional Polio Reference Laboratory, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 155 Changbai Rd, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, PR China. guoguo810127@hotmail.com.
authors: Guo-Hong
authors: GH
authors: Huang
authors: WHO WPRO Regional Polio Reference Laboratory, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 155 Changbai Rd, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, PR China. Dongmeiyan1976@hotmail.com.
authors: Dong-Mei
authors: DM
authors: Yan
authors: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, PR China. shine_firefly@126.com.
authors: Qi-Ru
authors: QR
authors: Su
authors: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, PR China. liudw@chinacdc.cn.
authors: Da-Wei
authors: DW
authors: Liu
authors: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, PR China. zhang04by002@163.com.
authors: Guo-Min
authors: GM
authors: Zhang
authors: Independent Consultant, New York City, NY, USA. ktreilly@gmail.com.
authors: Kathleen H
authors: KH
authors: Reilly
authors: Expanded Programme on Immunization, Xinjiang Uyghur autonomous region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 138 Jianquanyi Street, Urumqi City, Xinjiang Uyghur autonomous region, 830001, PR China. 109688048@qq.com.
authors: Jing
authors: J
authors: Ning
authors: The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, 344 Wuxingnanlu Street, Urumqi City, Xinjiang Uyghur autonomous region, 830002, PR China. 595174037@qq.com.
authors: Jian-Ping
authors: JP
authors: Fu
authors: The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, 344 Wuxingnanlu Street, Urumqi City, Xinjiang Uyghur autonomous region, 830002, PR China. 45180297@qq.com.
authors: Sha-Sha
authors: SS
authors: Mi
authors: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, PR China. Hmluo@vip.sina.com.
authors: Hui-Ming
authors: HM
authors: Luo
authors: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, PR China. yangwz@chinacdc.cn.
authors: Wei-Zhong
authors: WZ
authors: Yang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D016358:Contact Tracing; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D011051:Poliomyelitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D062486:Public Health Surveillance; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
references: Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2013 Jul;20(7):1070-5
references: 23677325
references: Glob Health Action. 2013;6:20343
references: 23639178
references: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2010 Nov 5;59(43):1393-9
references: 21048560
references: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2010 May 14;59(18):545-50
references: 20467412
references: N Engl J Med. 2013 Nov 21;369(21):1981-90
references: 24256377
references: Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 2010 Apr 30;85(18):157-8
references: 20449940
references: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2009 Apr 17;58(14):357-62
references: 19373195
references: J Infect Dis. 2001 Dec 1;184(11):1451-5
references: 11709788
references: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2011 Mar 18;60(10):312-3
references: 21412213
references: Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 2000 Dec 8;75(49):401
references: 11189702
references: Emerg Infect Dis. 2011 Aug;17(8):1506-9
references: 21801636
references: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2006 Feb 17;55(6):145-50
references: 16484977
references: J Infect Dis. 2014 Nov 1;210 Suppl 1:S268-74
references: 25316845
references: Clin Infect Dis. 2012 Nov 15;55(10):1291-8
references: 22911642
references: Clin Infect Dis. 1998 Feb;26(2):419-25
references: 9502465
references: J Infect Dis. 2006 Sep 1;194(5):545-51
references: 16897650
references: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2012 May 18;61(19):353-7
references: 22592275
references: Euro Surveill. 2010 Apr 29;15(17). pii: 19558
references: 20460088
references: Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 2006 Nov 10;81(45):425-30
references: 17096497
references: PLoS One. 2014;9(7):e80069
references: 24991811
references: Lancet. 1994 Sep 3;344(8923):665-70
references: 7915354
references: JAMA. 2000 Mar 15;283(11):1414-5
references: 10732919
references: Am J Epidemiol. 2001 Feb 1;153(3):207-14
references: 11157405
references: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1999 Oct 29;48(42):967-71
references: 10553811
references: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2008 May 9;57(18):489-94
references: 18463607
references: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2000 Feb 18;49(6):113-4
references: 11243437
references: J Clin Microbiol. 1999 Jan;37(1):276
references: 9988592
references: Euro Surveill. 1997 May;2(5):37-39
references: 12631815
references: BMC Infect Dis. 2014;14:113
references: 24576083
references: Am J Epidemiol. 1996 May 1;143(9):929-35
references: 8610706