title: The effects of binge-pattern alcohol consumption on orthodontic tooth movement.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to assess tissue changes during orthodontic movement after binge-pattern ethanol 20% exposure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male Wistar rats (n = 54) were divided into two groups. The control group (CG) received 0.9% saline solution, while the experimental group (EG) received 20% ethanol in 0.9% saline solution (3 g/kg/day). On the 30th day, a force of 25 cN was applied with a nickel-titanium closed coil spring to move the maxillary right first molar mesially. The groups were further divided into three subgroups (2, 14 and 28 days). Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase and picrosirius were used to assess bone resorption and neoformation, respectively. Data were compared by two-way ANOVA, Tukey's HSD, Games-Howell and chi-square test. Significance level was set at 5%.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a decrease in the number of osteoclasts in EG at day 28. The percentage of collagen showed no interaction between group and time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Binge-pattern 20% ethanol promoted less bone resorption at the end of tooth movement, thereby suggesting delay in tooth movement.
authors: Catholic University of Paraná.
authors: Cristiano Miranda
authors: CM
authors: de Araujo
authors: School of Dentistry, PUC-PR.
authors: Aline Cristina Batista Rodrigues
authors: AC
authors: Johann
authors: School of Dentistry, PUC-PR.
authors: Elisa Souza
authors: ES
authors: Camargo
authors: School of Dentistry, PUC-PR.
authors: Orlando Motohiro
authors: OM
authors: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000032:analysis; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D001391:Azo Compounds; D063425:Binge Drinking / Q000150:complications*; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002452:Cell Count; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000032:analysis; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003722:Dental Alloys / Q000737:chemistry; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D008963:Molar / Q000473:pathology; D009532:Nickel / Q000737:chemistry; D009969:Orthodontic Wires; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000473:pathology; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000473:pathology; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; D013997:Time Factors; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D001391:Azo Compounds; D024042:Collagen Type I; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003722:Dental Alloys; D007527:Isoenzymes; C040654:titanium nickelide; C009798:C.I. direct red 80; D009532:Nickel; D014025:Titanium; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase
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