title: Sonographic patterns of renal lymphoma in B-mode imaging and in contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS)--a retrospective evaluation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Retrospective analysis of sonographic patterns of renal lymphoma in B-mode imaging and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS).
  
  
  METHODS
  From January 2000 to June 2014, 27 patients with clinical or histologically confirmed renal lymphoma were examined with B-mode imaging, followed by CEUS in 8 cases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In B-mode imaging renal lymphoma were hypoechoic in all 27 cases (100%). 9 patients (33.3%) had a bilateral, 18 (66.7%) patients had an unilateral lymphoma infiltration of the kidneys. 8 (29.6%) cases of small nodular, 5 (18.5%) cases of large nodular and 6 (22.2%) cases of perirenal lymphoma infiltration of the kidney were observed in B-mode imaging. Bulky-formation of renal lymphoma was detected in 6 (22.2%) patients and 2 (7.4%) patients had a diffuse lymphoma infiltration of the kidneys. In CEUS an arterial isoechoic enhancement was observed in 5 (62.5%)- and, an arterial hypoechoic enhancement was observed in 3 (37.5%) cases of renal lymphoma. A hypoechoic enhancement in the parenchymal phase was observed in 8 (100%) cases of renal lymphoma infiltration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In B-mode-imaging, nodular lymphoma infiltration of the kidneys is the most common of all renal lymphoma patterns in B-mode imaging. In CEUS, renal lymphoma presented an arterial iso- or hypoechoic enhancement, followed by a hypoechoic enhancement in the parenchymal phase. In regard to the differentiation of renal lymphoma to benign lesions of the kidney, CEUS may be helpful. However, the differentiation of renal lymphoma from other malignant lesions of the kidney like renal cell carcinoma is not feasible by CEUS.
authors: Hospital of Internal Medicine, Haematology, Oncology and Immunology, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Baldingerstraße, Marburg, Germany. Electronic address: Trenker@med.uni-marburg.de.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Trenker
authors: Hospital for Gastroenterology II, University Hospital Göttingen, Robert-Kochstr. 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Neesse
authors: Interdisciplinary Center of Ultrasound, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Baldingerstraße, Marburg, Germany.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Görg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media
keywords: CEUS; Kidney; Lymphoma