title: An inhalation anesthetic device for stereotaxic operation on mouse pups.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mouse pups are invaluable model animals for understanding the molecular and neural basis underlying behavioral development. Stereotaxic operations with anesthetic control are useful tools in systems neuroscience. However, there are no commercially available anesthetic or stereotaxic devices for mouse pups. Current devices have several problems such as invasive approach for stabilization, poor sanitary control, and less flexibility to combine other surgical apparatuses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Here, we developed an inhalation anesthetic device equipped with stereotaxic function for mouse pups, by using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). PDMS is tolerant to heat and water exposure, and soft enough to cut or make a hole. The anesthetic and the stereotaxic parts were fabricated from the three-dimensional computer-aided design (3D CAD) data obtained from the head of a real mouse pup.
  
  
  RESULTS
  To confirm its utility, a tracer was injected into the brain. We were able to anesthetize and stabilize pups at once in a non-invasive manner using the PDMS device. The histological staining revealed that tracer injection was successful. Our device was compatible with various types of commercial stereotaxic and anesthetic apparatuses via trimming and tube insertion, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To our knowledge, this is the first report of a device that can stabilize the mouse pup's head with the non-invasive manner and functions as an inhalation anesthetic device that can be sterilized.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present fabrication method will provide a handy and functional instrument for stereotaxic operations in animal models at various developmental stages.
authors: Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Sachine
authors: S
authors: Yoshida
authors: Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Yuya
authors: Y
authors: Morimoto
authors: Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Taishi
authors: T
authors: Tonooka
authors: Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: takeuchi@iis.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
authors: Shoji
authors: S
authors: Takeuchi
mesh_terms: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology; D017076:Computer-Aided Design; D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes; D004867:Equipment Design; D006257:Head / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000008:administration & dosage; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008845:Microinjections; D009330:Nebulizers and Vaporizers; D056347:Neuroanatomical Tract-Tracing Techniques; D010812:Physical Stimulation; D013623:Tail / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes; C013830:baysilon; D007530:Isoflurane
keywords: 3D printer; CAD data; PDMS; Tracer injection