title: Regional metabolite concentrations in the brain of healthy dogs measured by use of short echo time, single voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 3.0 Tesla.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate regional differences of relative metabolite concentrations in the brain of healthy dogs with short echo time, single voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H MRS) at 3.0 T.
  
  
  METHODS
  10 Beagles.
  
  
  METHODS
  Short echo time, single voxel (1)H MRS was performed at the level of the right and left basal ganglia, right and left thalamus, right and left parietal lobes, occipital lobe, and cerebellum. Data were analyzed with an automated fitting method (linear combination model). Metabolite concentrations relative to water content were obtained, including N-acetyl aspartate, total choline, creatine, myoinositol, the sum of glutamine and glutamate (glutamine-glutamate complex), and glutathione. Metabolite ratios with creatine as the reference metabolite were calculated. Concentration differences between right and left hemispheres and sexes were evaluated with a Wilcoxon signed rank test and among various regions of the brain with an independent t test and 1-way ANOVA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant differences were detected between sexes and right and left hemispheres. All metabolites, except the glutamine-glutamate complex and glutathione, had regional concentrations that differed significantly. The creatine concentration was highest in the basal ganglia and cerebellum and lowest in the parietal lobes. The N-acetyl aspartate concentration was highest in the parietal lobes and lowest in the cerebellum. Total choline concentration was highest in the basal ganglia and lowest in the occipital lobe.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Metabolite concentrations differed among brain parenchymal regions in healthy dogs. This study may provide reference values for clinical and research studies involving (1)H MRS performed at 3.0 T.
authors: Clinic of Diagnostic Imaging, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland., Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
authors: Inés
authors: I
authors: Carrera
authors: Henning
authors: H
authors: Richter
authors: Dieter
authors: D
authors: Meier
authors: Patrick R
authors: PR
authors: Kircher
authors: Matthias
authors: M
authors: Dennler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D066244:Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D001224:Aspartic Acid; C000179:N-acetylaspartate