title: The role of nanostructures and hydrophilicity in osseointegration: In-vitro protein-adsorption and blood-interaction studies.
abstract: Protein adsorption and blood coagulation play important roles in the early stages of osseointegration and are strongly influenced by surface properties. We present a systematic investigation of the influence of different surface properties on the adsorption of the blood proteins fibrinogen and fibronectin and the degree of early blood coagulation. Experiments on custom-made and commercially available, microroughened hydrophobic titanium (Ti) surfaces (Ti SLA-Hphob ), hydrophilic (Hphil ) microroughened Ti surfaces with nanostructures (Ti SLActive-Hphil NS), and on bimetallic Ti zirconium alloy (TiZr, Roxolid®) samples were performed, to study the biological response in relation to the surface wettability and the presence of nanostructures (NS). Protein adsorption on the different substrates showed a highly significant effect of surface NS. Hydrophilicity alone did not significantly enhance protein adsorption. Overall, the combination of NS and hydrophilicity led to the highest adsorption levels; independent of whether Ti or TiZr were used. Hydrophilicity induced a strong effect on blood coagulation, whereas the effect of NS alone was weak. The combination of both surface characteristics led to early and most pronounced blood-coagulation. Therefore, nanostructured, hydrophilic Ti and TiZr surfaces may perform better in terms of osseointegration due to continuous protein adsorption and the formation of a layer of blood components on the implant surface.
authors: Department Materials meet Life, Laboratory for Materials Biology Interactions, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
authors: Brigitte S
authors: BS
authors: Kopf
authors: Institut Straumann AG, Basel, Switzerland.|Department of Materials, Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland.
authors: Sylvie
authors: S
authors: Ruch
authors: Institut Straumann AG, Basel, Switzerland.
authors: Simon
authors: S
authors: Berner
authors: Department of Materials, Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland.
authors: Nicholas D
authors: ND
authors: Spencer
authors: Department Materials meet Life, Laboratory for Materials Biology Interactions, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, St. Gallen, Switzerland.|Department Materials meet Life, Laboratory for Biointerfaces, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
authors: Katharina
authors: K
authors: Maniura-Weber
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D001769:Blood; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D049329:Nanostructures; D016348:Osseointegration; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins
keywords: blood-material interaction; hydrophilicity; nanostructures; protein adsorption; titanium implant surfaces