title: Tyrosine sulfation as a protein post-translational modification.
abstract: Integration of inorganic sulfate into biological molecules plays an important role in biological systems and is directly involved in the instigation of diseases. Protein tyrosine sulfation (PTS) is a common post-translational modification that was first reported in the literature fifty years ago. However, the significance of PTS under physiological conditions and its link to diseases have just begun to be appreciated in recent years. PTS is catalyzed by tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase (TPST) through transfer of an activated sulfate from 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate to tyrosine in a variety of proteins and peptides. Currently, only a small fraction of sulfated proteins is known and the understanding of the biological sulfation mechanisms is still in progress. In this review, we give an introductory and selective brief review of PTS and then summarize the basic biochemical information including the activity and the preparation of TPST, methods for the determination of PTS, and kinetics and reaction mechanism of TPST. This information is fundamental for the further exploration of the function of PTS that induces protein-protein interactions and the subsequent biochemical and physiological reactions.
authors: Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, 75 Po-Ai Street, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan. ysyang@mail.nctu.edu.tw.
authors: Yuh-Shyong
authors: YS
authors: Yang
authors: Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, 75 Po-Ai Street, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan. no13123.bt99g@nctu.edu.tw.
authors: Chen-Chu
authors: CC
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, 75 Po-Ai Street, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan. J730703@yahoo.com.tw.
authors: Bo-Han
authors: BH
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, 75 Po-Ai Street, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan. E01252001@gmail.com.
authors: You-Hua
authors: YH
authors: Hou
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, Taipei Medical University-Wan Fang Medical Center, Taipei 11696, Taiwan. kshung25@gmail.com.
authors: Kuo-Sheng
authors: KS
authors: Hung
authors: Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, 75 Po-Ai Street, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan. mugokimo@gmail.com.
authors: Yi-Chih
authors: YC
authors: Mao
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D057075:Enzyme Assays; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D015238:Sulfotransferases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C005662:tyrosine O-sulfate; D014443:Tyrosine; D015238:Sulfotransferases; C039079:protein-tyrosine sulfotransferase
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