title: Indoor and outdoor exposure to ultrafine, fine and microbiologically derived particulate matter related to cardiovascular and respiratory effects in a panel of elderly urban citizens.
abstract: To explore associations of exposure to ambient and indoor air particulate and bio-aerosol pollutants with cardiovascular and respiratory disease markers, we utilized seven repeated measurements from 48 elderly subjects participating in a 4-week home air filtration study. Microvascular function (MVF), lung function, blood leukocyte counts, monocyte adhesion molecule expression, C-reactive protein, Clara cell protein (CC16) and surfactant protein-D (SPD) were examined in relation to exposure preceding each measurement. Exposure assessment included 48-h urban background monitoring of PM10, PM2.5 and particle number concentration (PNC), weekly measurements of PM2.5 in living- and bedroom, 24-h measurements of indoor PNC three times, and bio-aerosol components in settled dust on a 2-week basis. Statistically significant inverse associations included: MVF with outdoor PNC; granulocyte counts with PM2.5; CD31 expression with dust fungi; SPD with dust endotoxin. Significant positive associations included: MVF with dust bacteria; monocyte expression of CD11 with PM2.5 in the bedroom and dust bacteria and endotoxin, CD31 expression with dust serine protease; serum CC16 with dust NAGase. Multiple comparisons demand cautious interpretation of results, which suggest that outdoor PNC have adverse effects on MVF, and outdoor and indoor PM2.5 and bio-aerosols are associated with markers of inflammation and lung cell integrity.
authors: Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, DK-1014, Copenhagen, Denmark. doka@sund.ku.dk.
authors: Dorina Gabriela
authors: DG
authors: Karottki
authors: Danish Building Research Institute, Department of Construction and Health, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark. mps95@drexel.edu.
authors: Michal
authors: M
authors: Spilak
authors: Danish Building Research Institute, Department of Construction and Health, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark. mfr@sbi.aau.dk.
authors: Marie
authors: M
authors: Frederiksen
authors: Center for Epidemiology and Screening, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, DK-1014 Copenhagen, Denmark. vlq961@sund.ku.dk.
authors: Zorana
authors: Z
authors: Jovanovic Andersen
authors: National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. amm@arbejdsmiljoforskning.dk.
authors: Anne Mette
authors: AM
authors: Madsen
authors: Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark. mke@dmu.dk.
authors: Matthias
authors: M
authors: Ketzel
authors: Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark. anma@dmu.dk.
authors: Andreas
authors: A
authors: Massling
authors: Danish Building Research Institute, Department of Construction and Health, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark. lbg@sbi.aau.dk.
authors: Lars
authors: L
authors: Gunnarsen
authors: Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, DK-1014, Copenhagen, Denmark. pemo@sund.ku.dk.
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Møller
authors: Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, DK-1014, Copenhagen, Denmark. stl@sund.ku.dk.
authors: Steffen
authors: S
authors: Loft
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000391:Air Microbiology; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D003718:Denmark; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010316:Particle Size; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D014504:Urban Health
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D000393:Air Pollutants; D015415:Biomarkers; D052638:Particulate Matter
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