title: Management of cerebral cavernous malformations: from diagnosis to treatment.
abstract: Cerebral cavernous malformations are the most common vascular malformations and can be found in many locations in the brain. If left untreated, cavernomas may lead to intracerebral hemorrhage, seizures, focal neurological deficits, or headaches. As they are angiographically occult, their diagnosis relies on various MR imaging techniques, which detect different characteristics of the lesions as well as aiding in planning the surgical treatment. The clinical presentation and the location of the lesion are the most important factors involved in determining the optimal course of treatment of cavernomas. We concisely review the literature and discuss the advantages and limitations of each of the three available methods of treatment--microsurgical resection, stereotactic radiosurgery, and conservative management--depending on the lesion characteristics.
authors: Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University and Jefferson Hospital for Neuroscience, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
authors: Nikolaos
authors: N
authors: Mouchtouris
authors: Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University and Jefferson Hospital for Neuroscience, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
authors: Nohra
authors: 0000-0002-2422-4346
authors: N
authors: Chalouhi
authors: Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University and Jefferson Hospital for Neuroscience, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
authors: Ameet
authors: A
authors: Chitale
authors: Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
authors: Robert M
authors: RM
authors: Starke
authors: Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University and Jefferson Hospital for Neuroscience, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA ; Division of Neurovascular Surgery and Endovascular Neurosurgery, Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, 901 Walnut Street, 3rd Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
authors: Stavropoula I
authors: SI
authors: Tjoumakaris
authors: Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University and Jefferson Hospital for Neuroscience, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
authors: Robert H
authors: RH
authors: Rosenwasser
authors: Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University and Jefferson Hospital for Neuroscience, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA ; Division of Neurovascular Surgery and Endovascular Neurosurgery, Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, 901 Walnut Street, 3rd Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
authors: Pascal M
authors: PM
authors: Jabbour
mesh_terms: D020786:Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008866:Microsurgery; D059906:Neuroimaging; D016634:Radiosurgery
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