title: A novel field transplantation technique reveals intra-specific metal-induced oxidative responses in strains of Ectocarpus siliculosus with different pollution histories.
abstract: A novel field transplantation technique, in which seaweed material is incorporated into dialysis tubing, was used to investigate intra-specific responses to metals in the model brown alga Ectocarpus siliculosus. Metal accumulation in the two strains was similar, with higher concentrations in material deployed to the metal-contaminated site (Ventanas, Chile) than the pristine site (Quintay, Chile). However, the oxidative responses differed. At Ventanas, strain Es147 (from low-polluted site) underwent oxidative damage whereas Es524 (from highly polluted site) was not affected. Concentrations of reduced ascorbate (ASC) and reduced glutathione (GSH) were significantly higher in Es524. Activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), and glutathione reductase (GR) all increased in Es524, whereas only SOD increased in Es147. For the first time, employing a field transplantation technique, we provide unambiguous evidence of inter-population variation of metal-tolerance in brown algae and establish that antioxidant defences are, in part, responsible.
authors: School of Marine Science & Engineering, Faculty of Science and Environment, Plymouth University, Drake Circus, PL4 8AA, Plymouth, United Kingdom; Departamento de Medio Ambiente, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Casilla 34-V, Valparaíso, Chile; Centro de Estudios Avanzados, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Traslaviña #450, Viña del Mar, Chile.
authors: Claudio A
authors: CA
authors: Sáez
authors: Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Casilla 40 Correo 33, Santiago, Chile.
authors: Alberto
authors: A
authors: González
authors: Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Casilla 40 Correo 33, Santiago, Chile.
authors: Rodrigo A
authors: RA
authors: Contreras
authors: School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Environment, Plymouth University, Drake Circus, PL4 8AA, Plymouth, United Kingdom.
authors: A John
authors: AJ
authors: Moody
authors: Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Casilla 40 Correo 33, Santiago, Chile.
authors: Alejandra
authors: A
authors: Moenne
authors: School of Marine Science & Engineering, Faculty of Science and Environment, Plymouth University, Drake Circus, PL4 8AA, Plymouth, United Kingdom. Electronic address: MTBrown@plymouth.ac.uk.
authors: Murray T
authors: MT
authors: Brown
mesh_terms: D060387:Ascorbate Peroxidases / Q000378:metabolism; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D002677:Chile; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D008670:Metals / Q000633:toxicity*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D000459:Phaeophyceae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D012624:Seaweed / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D008670:Metals; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D060387:Ascorbate Peroxidases; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D005978:Glutathione
keywords: Active biomonitoring; Antioxidant metabolism; Brown algae; Metal accumulation