title: [Contrast-enhanced ultrasound for the signature analysis of splenic trauma in a canine model during hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To conduct signature analysis for splenic trauma in canines during hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation by contrast enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty grade III-IV traumatic splenic lesions were established in 15 mongrel dogs. Hemorrhagic shock was induced in these animals by using the modified Wiggers's method. Animals in shock were then resuscitated with 6% hydroxyethyl starch. The features of splenic trauma during hemorrhagic shock or resuscitation were assessed by CEUS, which were compared with the data collected by contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT). Acoustic quantification of CEUS was performed to assess splenic blood perfusion in different stages.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference in detection rate between CEUS and CECT during hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation. Before hemorrhagic shock, there were 40 traumatic bleeding lesions and 85% of them were revealed by CEUS (34/40). With the progress in shock, CEUS revealed that the numbers of tiny branches of splenic arteries were decreased, which became thinner with no active bleeding. After fluid resuscitation, rebleeding was occurred in 30 traumatic lesions, and 28 (93.3%) of them were captured by CEUS. CEUS could also visualize the changes in splenic perfusion in different stages. During the shock, the arrival time (AT), time to peak intensity (TTP), peak intensity (PI) were significantly lower and the washout time (WT) were significantly higher than those at other stages (P<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CEUS not only can dynamically monitor the changes in spleen traumatic hemorrhage and recurrent hemorrhage, but also can quantitatively study the changes in spleen blood perfusion in different stages.
authors: Department of Ultrasound, South Building Clinic Division, General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army , Beijing 100853, China.
authors: Qian
authors: Q
authors: Lin
authors: Faqin
authors: F
authors: Lü
authors: Yukun
authors: Y
authors: Luo
authors: Qing
authors: Q
authors: Song
authors: Yihua
authors: Y
authors: Su
authors: Jie
authors: J
authors: Tang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003287:Contrast Media; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004285:Dogs; D005440:Fluid Therapy; D006470:Hemorrhage; D006895:Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012151:Resuscitation; D012771:Shock, Hemorrhagic / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D013154:Spleen / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D006895:Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives