title: Moderately enhancing cytokinin level by down-regulation ofGhCKXexpression in cotton concurrently increases fiber and seed yield.
abstract: Cotton is the leading natural fiber crop in the world. Cotton seeds are also an important oil and protein source. However, enhancement of fiber abundance usually leads to a smaller seed. Thus, it has become a challenge for cotton breeding to concurrently increase fiber yield and seed yield. To improve cotton yield, we elevated the endogenous cytokinin level in transgenic cotton by constitutive suppression of cytokinin dehydrogenase (CKX), a key negative regulator controlling endogenous cytokinin in plants. The slightly and moderately suppressed transgenic cotton plants showed normal growth and development, while the severely suppressed plants exhibited a typical cytokinin-overproduction alteration. The suppression of CKX led to an enhancement of endogenous cytokinins in transgenic cotton plants. Total cytokinins in moderately suppressed lines, CR-3 and CR-6, increased by 20.4 and 55.5 % respectively, and that in the severely suppressed line (CR-13) increased by 134.2 % compared to the wild type. The moderately suppressed lines showed a delay in leaf senescence, higher photosynthesis, more fruiting branches and bolls, and bigger seed size. Field trials showed that seed yield and lint yield of the moderately suppressed CR-6 line increased by 15.4 and 20.0 %, respectively. Meanwhile, the enhanced cytokinin level in transgenic cottons did not show significant influence on fiber qualities. Our data demonstrated thatCKXis a promising gene for crop yield improvement.
authors: Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400716 People's Republic of China.
authors: Juan
authors: J
authors: Zhao
authors: Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400716 People's Republic of China.
authors: Wenqin
authors: W
authors: Bai
authors: Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400716 People's Republic of China.
authors: Qiwei
authors: Q
authors: Zeng
authors: Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400716 People's Republic of China.
authors: Shuiqing
authors: S
authors: Song
authors: Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400716 People's Republic of China.
authors: Mi
authors: M
authors: Zhang
authors: Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400716 People's Republic of China.
authors: Xianbi
authors: X
authors: Li
authors: Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400716 People's Republic of China.
authors: Lei
authors: L
authors: Hou
authors: Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400716 People's Republic of China.
authors: Yuehua
authors: Y
authors: Xiao
authors: Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400716 People's Republic of China.
authors: Ming
authors: M
authors: Luo
authors: Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400716 People's Republic of China.
authors: Demou
authors: D
authors: Li
authors: Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400716 People's Republic of China.
authors: Xiaoying
authors: X
authors: Luo
authors: Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400716 People's Republic of China.
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Pei
keywords: CKX; Cotton fiber; Cytokinin; Seed; Yield
references: Plant Physiol. 1994 Feb;104(2):339-347
references: 12232085
references: Plant Cell. 2011 Jan;23(1):69-80
references: 21224426
references: Trends Plant Sci. 2011 Jul;16(7):388-94
references: 21470894
references: Transgenic Res. 2002 Jun;11(3):269-78
references: 12113459
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Nov 28;103(48):18054-9
references: 17110445
references: Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 2006 May;19(5):480-94
references: 16673935
references: Plant Cell. 2011 Jun;23(6):2169-83
references: 21719693
references: Plant Mol Biol. 1991 Jan;16(1):105-15
references: 1888890
references: Plant J. 2008 Jul;55(2):289-300
references: 18397377
references: Plant Cell Physiol. 2005 Aug;46(8):1384-91
references: 15958497
references: Plant Sci. 2001 Mar;160(4):691-698
references: 11448744
references: Plant Cell. 2007 Apr;19(4):1362-75
references: 17416733
references: Plant Cell. 1989 Apr;1(4):403-413
references: 12359893
references: Sci China C Life Sci. 2000 Dec;43(6):623-30
references: 18726357
references: Nat Biotechnol. 2011 May;29(5):453-8
references: 21478877
references: Environ Exp Bot. 2000 Aug 1;44(1):59-68
references: 10927129
references: Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol. 2001 Jun;52:89-118
references: 11337393
references: Dev Cell. 2010 Aug 17;19(2):284-95
references: 20708590
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Dec 4;104(49):19631-6
references: 18048328
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jul;85(14):5131-5
references: 16593957
references: Phytochemistry. 2010 Dec;71(17-18):1970-8
references: 20825956
references: Science. 2006 Jan 6;311(5757):94-8
references: 16400151
references: Funct Plant Biol. 2002 Aug;29(9):1107-1113
references: 32689562
references: Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2009 Oct;12(5):527-38
references: 19740698
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Aug 28;98(18):10487-92
references: 11504909
references: Science. 2005 Jul 29;309(5735):741-5
references: 15976269
references: Science. 1995 Dec 22;270(5244):1986-8
references: 8592746
references: Nat Rev Genet. 2009 May;10(5):305-17
references: 19360022
references: Plant J. 2007 Aug;51(3):419-30
references: 17565582
references: J Plant Physiol. 2010 Jul 1;167(10):829-37
references: 20149476
references: Plant Cell. 2006 Mar;18(3):651-64
references: 16461577
references: PLoS One. 2013 May 10;8(5):e64190
references: 23675526
references: Planta. 1976 Jan;130(2):197-201
references: 24424599
references: J Biol Chem. 2010 Jul 23;285(30):23371-86
references: 20463025
references: J Plant Res. 2003 Jun;116(3):241-52
references: 12721786
references: Plant Biotechnol J. 2011 Sep;9(7):747-58
references: 21284800
references: Plant Cell. 1991 Jul;3(7):647-656
references: 12324608
references: Plant Physiol. 2013 Dec;163(4):1609-22
references: 24101772
references: Plant J. 1999 Jun;18(5):557-63
references: 10417706
references: J Integr Plant Biol. 2013 Jul;55(7):572-5
references: 23718313
references: Ann Bot. 2007 Dec;100(7):1391-401
references: 17905721
references: Plant Physiol. 1989 Nov;91(3):808-11
references: 16667140
references: Plant Cell. 2003 Nov;15(11):2532-50
references: 14555694