title: Osteogenic potential of osteoblasts from neonatal rats born to mothers treated with caffeine throughout pregnancy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Caffeine is an active alkaloid that can cause damage to bones in formation during prenatal life into adulthood. This compound can pass across the placenta and into the mother's milk, causing a reduction in bone formation, growth and mass. The objective of this study was to examine the osteogenic potential of osteoblasts extracted from neonatal rats born to mothers treated with caffeine throughout pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups, consisting of one control group and three groups that were treated with 25, 50, or 100 mg/kg of caffeine by an oral-gastric probe throughout the duration of the experimental period (pregnancy). At birth, three puppies from each dam in each group were euthanized, and osteoblasts were extracted from the calvaria of these pups for in vitro testing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The osteoblasts extracted from the pups of rats that received 50 mg/kg caffeine during pregnancy exhibited increased expression of osteocalcin, osteopontin, sialoprotein, runx-2, alkaline phosphatase and type I collagen transcripts, resulting in increased synthesis of mineralization nodules.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neonates from rats treated with 50 mg/kg caffeine during pregnancy contained osteoblasts with a higher osteogenic potential characterized by increased expression of osteocalcin, osteopontin, sialoprotein, runx-2, alkaline phosphatase and type I collagen and increased synthesis of mineralization nodules.
authors: Núcleo de Células Tronco e Terapia Celular Animal (NCT-TCA) da Escola de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Caixa Postal 567, campus Pampulha da UFMG, CEP 30123-970, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. amandamariar@yahoo.com.br.
authors: Amanda Maria Sena
authors: AM
authors: Reis
authors: Núcleo de Células Tronco e Terapia Celular Animal (NCT-TCA) da Escola de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Caixa Postal 567, campus Pampulha da UFMG, CEP 30123-970, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. lorenagrr@gmail.com.
authors: Lorena Gabriela Rocha
authors: LG
authors: Ribeiro
authors: Núcleo de Células Tronco e Terapia Celular Animal (NCT-TCA) da Escola de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Caixa Postal 567, campus Pampulha da UFMG, CEP 30123-970, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. nataliaocarino@gmail.com.
authors: Natália de Melo
authors: Nde M
authors: Ocarino
authors: Laboratório de Imunologia Celular e Biologia Molecular do Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, CEP: 30.161-970, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. alfredogoes@gmail.com.
authors: Alfredo Miranda
authors: AM
authors: Goes
authors: Núcleo de Células Tronco e Terapia Celular Animal (NCT-TCA) da Escola de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Caixa Postal 567, campus Pampulha da UFMG, CEP 30123-970, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. serakidesufmg@gmail.com.
authors: Rogéria
authors: R
authors: Serakides
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002110:Caffeine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003094:Collagen / Q000096:biosynthesis; D003460:Crystallization; D005260:Female; D005562:Formazans / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D011247:Pregnancy; D011270:Pregnancy, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005562:Formazans; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; C079782:MTT formazan; D002110:Caffeine; D003094:Collagen; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase
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