title: Genomics of preterm birth.
abstract: The molecular mechanisms controlling human birth timing at term, or resulting in preterm birth, have been the focus of considerable investigation, but limited insights have been gained over the past 50 years. In part, these processes have remained elusive because of divergence in reproductive strategies and physiology shown by model organisms, making extrapolation to humans uncertain. Here, we summarize the evolution of progesterone signaling and variation in pregnancy maintenance and termination. We use this comparative physiology to support the hypothesis that selective pressure on genomic loci involved in the timing of parturition have shaped human birth timing, and that these loci can be identified with comparative genomic strategies. Previous limitations imposed by divergence of mechanisms provide an important new opportunity to elucidate fundamental pathways of parturition control through increasing availability of sequenced genomes and associated reproductive physiology characteristics across diverse organisms.
authors: Center for Prevention of Preterm Birth, Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229.
authors: Kayleigh A
authors: KA
authors: Swaggart
authors: Center for Prevention of Preterm Birth, Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229 Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229.
authors: Mihaela
authors: M
authors: Pavlicev
authors: Center for Prevention of Preterm Birth, Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229 Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229.
authors: Louis J
authors: LJ
authors: Muglia
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005075:Biological Evolution; D005260:Female; D056426:Genetic Loci; D023281:Genomics; D006801:Humans; D023421:Models, Animal; D036801:Parturition / Q000235:genetics*; D011247:Pregnancy; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000235:genetics*; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D011374:Progesterone
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