title: Inducible costimulatory molecule deficiency induced imbalance of Treg and Th17/Th2 delays rejection reaction in mice undergoing allogeneic tracheal transplantation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to investigate the role of inducible costimulatory molecule (ICOS) pathway in the rejection reaction of mice undergoing allogeneic tracheal transplantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  The bronchus was separated from wide-type (WT) BalB/c mice and transplanted into WT BalB/c mice, C57 mice and icos(-/-) mice to prepare the obliterative bronchiolitis (OB) animal model. The transplanted bronchus was pathologically examined; flow cytometry was done to detect the T cell subsets and activity of the bronchus and spleen of recipient mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  21 d after transplantation, evident rejection reaction was observed and the proportion of Th2 and Th17 cells increased significantly in the bronchus and spleen in C57 mice receiving allogeneic tracheal transplantation when compared with mice with autologous transplantation, but the proportion of Treg cells was comparable between them. When compared with WT BalB/c mice, the proportion of Th2, Th17 and Treg cells reduced markedly and rejection reaction was attenuated in icos(-/-) mice receiving tracheal transplantation, although rejection reaction was still noted.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  icos knockout may delay the rejection reaction after tracheal transplantation, which might be ascribed to the imbalance among Th2, Th17 and Treg cells.
authors: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, 94th Hospital of The Chinese People's Liberation Army Nanchang, China ; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China.
authors: Jingsong
authors: J
authors: Xu
authors: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China ; Department of Laboratory Medicine, 94th Hospital of The Chinese People's Liberation Army Nanchang, China.
authors: Yu
authors: Y
authors: Wu
authors: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University Shanghai, China.
authors: Guifang
authors: G
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China.
authors: Yanghua
authors: Y
authors: Qin
authors: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China.
authors: Li
authors: L
authors: Zhu
authors: Institute of Hematology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China.
authors: Gusheng
authors: G
authors: Tang
authors: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China.
authors: Qian
authors: Q
authors: Shen
keywords: Lung transplantation; Th17; Th2; bronchiolitis obliterans; chronic rejection; inducible costimulatory molecule
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