title: Endothelial follicle-stimulating hormone receptor expression in invasive breast cancer and vascular remodeling at tumor periphery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) is expressed on the endothelial surface of blood vessels associated with solid tumor periphery, where angiogenesis is known to occur. The correlation between FSHR expression and formation of new peritumoral vessels has not been previously investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used immunohistochemical techniques involving specific antibodies to detect FSHR and the endothelial markers (CD34, VEGFR2, and D2-40) in tissue samples from 83 patients with lymph node-negative, invasive breast cancer representing four main clinical treatment groups: HR+/HER2-, HR+/HER2+, HR-/HER2+ and triple-negative.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The FSHR+ vessels were exclusively located at breast cancer periphery, in a layer that extended 2 mm into and 5 mm outside of the tumor. The percentage of blood vessels expressing FSHR reached a maximum of 100% at the demarcation line between the tumor and the normal tissue. Common among FSHR+ vessels, regardless of breast cancer type, were the high densities of arterioles and venules (6.4 ± 1.4 and 13.9 ± 2.1 vessels/mm(2), respectively). These values were 3-fold higher that those noticed for CD34+ arterioles and venules associated with normal breast tissue located at a distance greater than 10 mm outside the tumors. The average density of FSHR+ and CD34+ blood vessels as well as of D2-40+ lymphatic vessels did not differ significantly among breast cancer subgroups. FSHR+ vessels did not express VEGFR2. The endothelial FSHR expression correlated significantly with the peritumoral CD34+ vessels' density (p < 0.001) and tumor size (p = 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endothelial FSHR expression in breast cancer is associated with vascular remodeling at tumor periphery.
authors: INSERM "Tumoral Angiogenesis" Laboratory, Curie Institute, Research Center, Translational Research Department, 26 rue d'Ulm, Paris, France. francois.planeix@curie.fr.
authors: François
authors: F
authors: Planeix
authors: INSERM "Tumoral Angiogenesis" Laboratory, Curie Institute, Research Center, Translational Research Department, 26 rue d'Ulm, Paris, France. drahsansiraj@hotmail.com.
authors: Mohammad-Ahsan
authors: MA
authors: Siraj
authors: Curie Hospital, Oncology Department, 26 rue d'Ulm, Paris, France. francois-clement.bidard@curie.net.
authors: François-Clément
authors: FC
authors: Bidard
authors: INSERM "Tumoral Angiogenesis" Laboratory, Curie Institute, Research Center, Translational Research Department, 26 rue d'Ulm, Paris, France. blaise.robin@curie.fr.
authors: Blaise
authors: B
authors: Robin
authors: INSERM "Tumoral Angiogenesis" Laboratory, Curie Institute, Research Center, Translational Research Department, 26 rue d'Ulm, Paris, France. christophe.pichon@curie.fr.
authors: Christophe
authors: C
authors: Pichon
authors: Curie Hospital, Pathology Department, 26 rue d'Ulm, Paris, France. xavier.sastre@curie.net.
authors: Xavier
authors: X
authors: Sastre-Garau
authors: Tenon Hospital, Pathology Department, 4 rue de la Chine, Paris, France. martine.antoine@tnn.aphp.fr.
authors: Martine
authors: M
authors: Antoine
authors: INSERM "Tumoral Angiogenesis" Laboratory, Curie Institute, Research Center, Translational Research Department, 26 rue d'Ulm, Paris, France. nicolae.ghinea@curie.fr.
authors: Nicolae
authors: N
authors: Ghinea
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011962:Receptors, FSH / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D066253:Vascular Remodeling
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D011962:Receptors, FSH
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