title: Principles in prevention of periodontal diseases: Consensus report of group 1 of the 11th European Workshop on Periodontology on effective prevention of periodontal and peri-implant diseases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In spite of the remarkable success of current preventive efforts, periodontitis remains one of the most prevalent diseases of mankind. The objective of this workshop was to review critical scientific evidence and develop recommendations to improve: (i) plaque control at the individual and population level (oral hygiene), (ii) control of risk factors, and (iii) delivery of preventive professional interventions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Discussions were informed by four systematic reviews covering aspects of professional mechanical plaque control, behavioural change interventions to improve self-performed oral hygiene and to control risk factors, and assessment of the risk profile of the individual patient. Recommendations were developed and graded using a modification of the GRADE system using evidence from the systematic reviews and expert opinion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Key messages included: (i) an appropriate periodontal diagnosis is needed before submission of individuals to professional preventive measures and determines the selection of the type of preventive care; (ii) preventive measures are not sufficient for treatment of periodontitis; (iii) repeated and individualized oral hygiene instruction and professional mechanical plaque (and calculus) removal are important components of preventive programs; (iv) behavioural interventions to improve individual oral hygiene need to set specific Goals, incorporate Planning and Self monitoring (GPS approach); (v) brief interventions for risk factor control are key components of primary and secondary periodontal prevention; (vi) the Ask, Advise, Refer (AAR) approach is the minimum standard to be used in dental settings for all subjects consuming tobacco; (vii) validated periodontal risk assessment tools stratify patients in terms of risk of disease progression and tooth loss.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Consensus was reached on specific recommendations for the public, individual dental patients and oral health care professionals with regard to best action to improve efficacy of primary and secondary preventive measures. Some have implications for public health officials, payers and educators.
authors: European Research Group on Periodontology (ERGOPerio), Genova, Italy.
authors: Maurizio S
authors: MS
authors: Tonetti
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Eickholz
authors: Bruno G
authors: BG
authors: Loos
authors: Panos
authors: P
authors: Papapanou
authors: Ubele
authors: U
authors: van der Velden
authors: Gary
authors: G
authors: Armitage
authors: Philippe
authors: P
authors: Bouchard
authors: Renate
authors: R
authors: Deinzer
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Dietrich
authors: Frances
authors: F
authors: Hughes
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Kocher
authors: Niklaus P
authors: NP
authors: Lang
authors: Rodrigo
authors: R
authors: Lopez
authors: Ian
authors: I
authors: Needleman
authors: Tim
authors: T
authors: Newton
authors: Luigi
authors: L
authors: Nibali
authors: Bernadette
authors: B
authors: Pretzl
authors: Christoph
authors: C
authors: Ramseier
authors: Ignacio
authors: I
authors: Sanz-Sanchez
authors: Ulrich
authors: U
authors: Schlagenhauf
authors: Jean E
authors: JE
authors: Suvan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001294:Attitude to Health; D003245:Consensus Statements as Topic; D003376:Counseling; D003728:Dental Calculus / Q000517:prevention & control; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000517:prevention & control; D003777:Dental Prophylaxis; D018450:Disease Progression; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000517:prevention & control; D006040:Goals; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D009909:Oral Health; D009910:Oral Hygiene / Q000193:education; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D057873:Peri-Implantitis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D020340:Tobacco Use Cessation; D016388:Tooth Loss / Q000517:prevention & control
keywords: behavioural changes; gingivitis; oral hygiene; periodontal diseases; periodontitis; prevention; prophylaxis; risk assessment; risk factors; scaling; smoking cessation