title: Validation of a Model for Identification of Patients at Intermediate to High Risk for Complications Associated With Acute Symptomatic Pulmonary Embolism.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  For patients with acute symptomatic pulmonary embolism (PE), the Bova score classifies their risk for PE-related complications within 30 days after diagnosis. The original Bova score was derived from 2,874 normotensive patients with acute PE who participated in one of six prospective PE studies.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively assessed the validity of the Bova risk model in normotensive patients with acute PE diagnosed in an academic urban ED. Two clinician investigators used baseline data for the model's four prognostic variables to stratify patients into the three Bova risk stages (I-III) for 30-day PE-related complications. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the κ statistic were used to assess interrater variability.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Bova risk score classified the majority of the cohort of 1,083 patients into the lowest Bova risk stage (stage I, 80%; stage II, 15%; stage III, 5%), The primary end point occurred in 91 of the 1,083 patients (8.4%; 95% CI, 6.7%-10%) during the 30 days after PE diagnosis. Risk stage correlated with the PE-related complication rate (class I, 4.4%; class II, 18%; class III, 42%; ICC, 0.93 [95% CI, 0.92-0.94]; κ statistic, 0.80; P < .001), in-hospital complication rate (class I, 3.7%; class II, 15%; class III, 37%), and 30-day PE-related mortality (class I, 3.1%; class II, 6.8%; class III, 10.5%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Bova risk score accurately stratifies normotensive patients with acute PE into stages of increasing risk of PE-related complications that occur within 30 days of PE diagnosis.
authors: Respiratory Department, Ramón y Cajal Hospital, IRYCIS, Alcalá de Henares University, Madrid, Spain.
authors: Carolina
authors: C
authors: Fernández
authors: Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Cosenza, Cosenza, Italy.
authors: Carlo
authors: C
authors: Bova
authors: Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Division of Respiratory and Intensive Care Medicine, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France.
authors: Olivier
authors: O
authors: Sanchez
authors: Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Vascular Medicine Unit, University Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy.
authors: Paolo
authors: P
authors: Prandoni
authors: Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
authors: Mareike
authors: M
authors: Lankeit
authors: Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
authors: Stavros
authors: S
authors: Konstantinides
authors: Emergency Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy.
authors: Simone
authors: S
authors: Vanni
authors: Cardiology Department, Ramón y Cajal Hospital, IRYCIS, Alcalá de Henares University, Madrid, Spain.
authors: Covadonga
authors: C
authors: Fernández-Golfín
authors: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO.
authors: Roger D
authors: RD
authors: Yusen
authors: Respiratory Department, Ramón y Cajal Hospital, IRYCIS, Alcalá de Henares University, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: djimenez.hrc@gmail.com.
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Jiménez
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001794:Blood Pressure; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013030:Spain; D019210:Troponin I / Q000097:blood; D016278:Ventricular Function, Right
chemical_list: D019210:Troponin I