title: Decreased Cancer Mortality-to-Incidence Ratios with Increased Accessibility of Federally Qualified Health Centers.
abstract: Federally qualified health centers (FQHCs) offer primary and preventive healthcare, including cancer screening, for the nation's most vulnerable population. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between access to FQHCs and cancer mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIRs). One-way analysis of variance was conducted to compare the mean MIRs for breast, cervical, prostate, and colorectal cancers for each U.S. county for 2006-2010 by access to FQHCs (direct access, in-county FQHC; indirect access, adjacent-county FQHC; no access, no FQHC either in the county or in adjacent counties). ArcMap 10.1 software was used to map cancer MIRs and FQHC access levels. The mean MIRs for breast, cervical, and prostate cancer differed significantly across FQHC access levels (p < 0.05). In urban and healthcare professional shortage areas, mean MIRs decreased as FQHC access increased. A trend of lower breast and prostate cancer MIRs in direct access to FQHCs was found for all racial groups, but this trend was significant for whites only. States with a large proportion of rural and medically underserved areas had high mean MIRs, with correspondingly more direct FQHC access. Expanding FQHCs to more underserved areas and concentrations of disparity populations may have an important role in reducing cancer morbidity and mortality, as well as racial-ethnic disparities, in the United States.
authors: Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA, swann.adams@sc.edu.
authors: Swann Arp
authors: SA
authors: Adams
authors: Seul Ki
authors: SK
authors: Choi
authors: Leepao
authors: L
authors: Khang
authors: Dayna
authors: D
authors: A Campbell
authors: Daniela B
authors: DB
authors: Friedman
authors: Jan M
authors: JM
authors: Eberth
authors: Russell E
authors: RE
authors: Glasgow
authors: Reginald
authors: R
authors: Tucker-Seeley
authors: Sudha
authors: S
authors: Xirasagar
authors: Mei Po
authors: MP
authors: Yip
authors: Vicki M
authors: VM
authors: Young
authors: James R
authors: JR
authors: Hébert
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006297:Health Services Accessibility / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008507:Medically Underserved Area; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D012424:Rural Population; D064876:Safety-net Providers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014505:Urban Population; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D035862:Vulnerable Populations
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