title: Plastic bronchitis associated with influenza virus infection in children: a report on 14 cases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Plastic bronchitis (PB) is a rare disease characterized by formation of bronchial casts. It is usually associated with congenital heart disease, sickle cell disease, lymphoma, and lung diseases such as asthma and pneumonia.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To report 14 cases of PB with influenza A or influenza B infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed the clinical manifestations, bronchoscopic and histologic findings, clinical courses, and outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  These cases indicate that PB is a life-threatening complication of severe influenza. Plastic bronchitis should be considered in the diagnosis of children with acute respiratory distress such as lung atelectasis accompanied by influenza.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Diagnosis should be made by bronchial endoscopy and histopathology, and bronchial casts removed as early as possible.
authors: Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, 9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: Zhangjh1220@163.com.
authors: Jianhui
authors: J
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, 9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou, China.
authors: Xiaolei
authors: X
authors: Kang
mesh_terms: D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001991:Bronchitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology*; D001999:Bronchoscopy / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D009981:Influenza B virus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology*; D008297:Male; D008478:Mediastinal Emphysema / Q000175:diagnosis; D053139:Oseltamivir / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011030:Pneumothorax / Q000175:diagnosis; D001261:Pulmonary Atelectasis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011859:Radiography; D013352:Subcutaneous Emphysema / Q000175:diagnosis
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D053139:Oseltamivir
keywords: Children; Influenza A virus; Influenza B virus; Plastic bronchitis