title: Clinical and oncological outcomes in Chinese patients with renal cell carcinoma and venous tumor thrombus extension: single-center experience.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To evaluate the clinical and oncological outcomes and to identify prognostic factors for survival in Chinese patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and venous tumor thrombus (VTT).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 86 patients who underwent nephrectomy and tumor thrombectomy for RCC and venous tumor thrombus extension from 2003 to 2013 were included in this retrospective study. The records of these patients were reviewed. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to determine cancer-specific survival (CSS). Prognostic factors for CSS were identified by univariate and multivariate analyses using the Cox proportional hazards regression mode.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients in this cohort received radical nephrectomy and tumor thrombectomy. Median follow-up period was 27.0 months (range 3-111). No patients died intraoperatively, and the complication rate was 36.0%. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year CSS rates for all patients were 93.0%, 70.9%, and 58.1%, respectively, and those for patients without distant metastasis at presentation were 95.3%, 82.6%, and 68.6%, respectively. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that lymph node invasion, distant metastasis at presentation, and invasion of the inferior vena cava (IVC) wall were the independent prognostic factors for CSS in all patients. For patients without distant metastasis, tumor grade, lymph node invasion, and perinephric fat invasion were significantly associated with CSS on multivariate analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Survival rates for patients with RCC and VTT were still poor. Our results indicated that lymph node invasion, distant metastasis at presentation, and invasion of the IVC wall were independent negative prognostic factors.
authors: Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. chenxn996409@yahoo.com.
authors: Xiaonan
authors: X
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. tclsj777@163.com.
authors: Shijie
authors: S
authors: Li
authors: Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. xuzhenqun@hotmail.com.
authors: Zhenqun
authors: Z
authors: Xu
authors: Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. fqy_2008@126.com.
authors: Kefeng
authors: K
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. 692152157@qq.com.
authors: Donghui
authors: D
authors: Fu
authors: Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. lq174906097@163.com.
authors: Qiang
authors: Q
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. wangx@sj_hospital.org.
authors: Xia
authors: X
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. wubin81688880@sina.com.
authors: Bin
authors: B
authors: Wu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000401:mortality*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D017131:Thrombectomy / Q000401:mortality*; D014682:Vena Cava, Inferior / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D055815:Young Adult
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