title: Sleep disturbances among pregnant women with history of migraines: A cross-sectional study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Migraine is associated with sleep disturbances in men and non-pregnant women. However, relatively little is known about sleep disturbances among pregnant migraineurs. We investigated sleep disturbances among pregnant women with and without history of migraine.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional study was conducted among 1324 women who were recruited during early pregnancy. Migraine diagnoses were based on the International Classification of Headache Disorders-II criteria. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire was used to evaluate sleep-related characteristics including sleep duration, sleep quality, excessive daytime sleepiness, and other sleep traits. Multivariable logistic regression procedures were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Migraineurs were more likely than non-migraineurs to report short sleep duration (<6.5 hours) (AOR = 1.47, 95% CI 1.07-2.02), poor sleep quality (PSQI>5) (AOR = 1.73, 95% CI 1.35-2.23), and daytime dysfunction due to sleepiness (AOR = 1.51, 95% CI 1.12-2.02). Migraineurs were also more likely than non-migraineurs to report taking sleep medication during pregnancy (AOR = 1.71, 95% CI 1.20-2.42). Associations were generally similar for migraine with or without aura. The odds of sleep disturbances were particularly elevated among pre-pregnancy overweight migraineurs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Migraine headache and sleep disturbances are common comorbid conditions among pregnant women.
authors: Center for Perinatal Studies, Swedish Medical Center, USA Chun-fang.Qiu@swedish.org.
authors: Chunfang
authors: C
authors: Qiu
authors: Center for Perinatal Studies, Swedish Medical Center, USA.
authors: Ihunnaya O
authors: IO
authors: Frederick
authors: Center for Perinatal Studies, Swedish Medical Center, USA.
authors: Tanya
authors: T
authors: Sorensen
authors: Department of Neurology, Stanford University, USA.
authors: Sheena K
authors: SK
authors: Aurora
authors: Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, USA.
authors: Bizu
authors: B
authors: Gelaye
authors: Center for Perinatal Studies, Swedish Medical Center, USA Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, USA.
authors: Daniel A
authors: DA
authors: Enquobahrie
authors: Center for Perinatal Studies, Swedish Medical Center, USA Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, USA.
authors: Michelle A
authors: MA
authors: Williams
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015984:Causality; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008487:Medical History Taking / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008875:Middle Aged; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D050177:Overweight / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Migraine; PSQI; aura; headache; pregnancy; sleep; snore
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