title: AMPKα, C/EBPβ, CPT1β, GPR43, PPARγ, and SCD Gene Expression in Single- and Co-cultured Bovine Satellite Cells and Intramuscular Preadipocytes Treated with Palmitic, Stearic, Oleic, and Linoleic Acid.
abstract: We previously demonstrated that bovine subcutaneous preadipocytes promote adipogenic gene expression in muscle satellite cells in a co-culture system. Herein we hypothesize that saturated fatty acids would promote adipogenic/lipogenic gene expression, whereas mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids would have the opposite effect. Bovine semimembranosus satellite cells (BSC) and intramuscular preadipocytes (IPA) were isolated from crossbred steers and cultured with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS)/Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) and 1% antibiotics during the 3-d proliferation period. After proliferation, cells were treated for 3 d with 3% horse serum/DMEM (BSC) or 5% FBS/DMEM (IPA) with antibiotics. Media also contained 10 μg/mL insulin and 10 μg/mL pioglitazone. Subsequently, differentiating BSC and IPA were cultured in their respective media with 40 μM palmitic, stearic, oleic, or linoleic acid for 4 d. Finally, BSC and IPA were single- or co-cultured for an additional 2 h. All fatty acid treatments increased (p = 0.001) carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 beta (CPT1β) gene expression, but the increase in CPT1β gene expression was especially pronounced in IPA incubated with palmitic and stearic acid (6- to 17- fold increases). Oleic and linoleic acid decreased (p = 0.001) stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) gene expression over 80% in both BSC and IPA. Conversely, palmitic and stearic acid increased SCD gene expression three fold in co-cultured in IPA, and stearic acid increased AMPKα gene expression in single- and co-cultured BSC and IPA. Consistent with our hypothesis, saturated fatty acids, especially stearic acid, promoted adipogenic and lipogenic gene expression, whereas unsaturated fatty acids decreased expression of those genes associated with fatty acid metabolism.
authors: Department of Animal Science, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA ; Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Korea .
authors: S H
authors: SH
authors: Choi
authors: Department of Food Science and Technology, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Korea .
authors: S K
authors: SK
authors: Park
authors: Department of Animal and Food Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA .
authors: B J
authors: BJ
authors: Johnson
authors: Hanwoo Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, 232-950, Korea .
authors: K Y
authors: KY
authors: Chung
authors: Department of Animal Resources, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, 712-749, Korea .
authors: C W
authors: CW
authors: Choi
authors: Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 232-916, Korea . ; Institute of Green Bio Science & Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, 232-916, Korea .
authors: K H
authors: KH
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Korea .
authors: W Y
authors: WY
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Animal Science, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Smith
keywords: Bovine; Co-culture; Fatty Acids; Gene Expression; Preadipocytes; Satellite Cells
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