title: Strategies for CNS repair following TBI.
abstract: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) imparts a significant health burden in the United States, leaving many patients with chronic deficits. Improvement in clinical outcome following TBI has been hindered by a lack of treatments that have proven successful during phase III trials. Research remains active into a variety of non-pharmacologic, small molecule, endocrine and cell based therapies. Of particular focus in this review are the recent therapeutic avenues that have undergone clinical investigation and the mechanisms by which cell therapies may mediate recovery in severe TBI. Preclinical data show cell therapies to provide benefit when administered systemically or with transplantation to the site of injury. Increasingly, studies have shown that these cells are able to attenuate the inflammatory response to injury and stimulate production of neurotrophic factors. In animal models, beneficial effects on blood-brain barrier permeability, neuroprotection and neural repair through enhanced axonal remodeling have been observed. Clinical investigation with cell therapies for TBI remains ongoing.
authors: Department of Pediatric Surgery University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
authors: Benjamin M
authors: BM
authors: Aertker
authors: Department of Pediatric Surgery University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
authors: Supinder
authors: S
authors: Bedi
authors: Department of Pediatric Surgery University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA. Electronic address: charles.s.cox@uth.tmc.edu.
authors: Charles S
authors: CS
authors: Cox
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D006931:Hyperbaric Oxygenation / Q000639:trends; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000639:trends; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D018696:Neuroprotective Agents
keywords: Cell therapy; Neuroprotection; Stem cell; Traumatic brain injury