title: Pilot-scale bioelectrochemical system for efficient conversion of 4-chloronitrobenzene.
abstract: 4-Chloronitrobenzene (4-CNB) is one of the highly toxic contaminants that may lead to acute, chronic or persistent physiological toxicity to ecology and environment. Conventional methods for removing 4-CNB from aquatic environment may be problematic due to inefficiency, high cost and low sustainability. This study develops a pilot-scale bioelectrochemical system (BES, effective volume of 18 L) and examines its performance of bioelectrochemical transformation of 4-CNB to 4-chloroaniline (4-CAN) under continuous operation. The results demonstrate that the initial 4-CNB concentration in the influent and hydraulic retention time (HRT) has a significant impact on 4-CNB reduction and 4-CAN formation. Compared with the conventional anaerobic process in the absence of external power supplied, the 4-CNB conversion efficiency can be enhanced with power supplied due to microbial-mediated electron transfer at the negative cathode potential. At a voltage of 0.4 V and HRT of 48 h, the 4-CNB reduction and 4-CAN formation efficiency reached 99% and 94.1%, respectively. Based on a small external voltage applied, the pilot-scale BES is effective in the conversion of 4-CNB to 4-CAN, an intermediate that is of less toxicity and higher bioavailability for subsequent treatment. This study provides a new strategy and methods for eliminating 4-CNB, making wastewater treatment more economical and more sustainable.
authors: a State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE) , Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT) , P.O. Box 2603#, No. 73, Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090 , Nangang District , People's Republic of China.
authors: Yuan
authors: Y
authors: Yuan
authors: Shi-Jie
authors: SJ
authors: You
authors: Jin-Na
authors: JN
authors: Zhang
authors: Xiao-Bo
authors: XB
authors: Gong
authors: Xiu-Heng
authors: XH
authors: Wang
authors: Nan-Qi
authors: NQ
authors: Ren
mesh_terms: D001674:Bioelectric Energy Sources / Q000382:microbiology*; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004566:Electrodes; D004572:Electrolysis / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D004735:Energy Transfer; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D009578:Nitrobenzenes / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D018508:Water Purification / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D009578:Nitrobenzenes; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C010407:4-chloronitrobenzene
keywords: 4-chloronitrobenzene; electrochemical transformation; pilot-scale bioelectrochemical system