title: Orchiectomy attenuates oxidative stress induced by aluminum in rats.
abstract: The aim of this work was to study whether the increase in antioxidant defenses associated with orchiectomy may account for the reduced susceptibility to aluminum (Al) in male kidney and also to examine whether the reduced antioxidant defenses are associated with androgen levels in orchiectomized (ORX) rats treated with testosterone propionate (TP). Rats were divided into nine groups, namely, intact males (without treatment, treated with sodium lactate, and treated with Al), sham males, ORX males (without treatment, treated with sodium lactate, treated with TP, treated with Al, and treated with TP and Al). Al groups were chronically treated with aluminum lactate for 12 weeks (0.575 mg Al/100 g of body weight, intraperitoneally, three times per week). We reported that ORX rats treated with Al had significantly less lipid peroxidation and an increased level of reduced glutathione (GSH) and GSH/oxidized glutathione ratio in the kidney when compared with intact and TP-treated ORX rats. The activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase in ORX rats was much greater than in intact or TP-administered ORX rats. Castration reduced the glomerular alterations caused by Al as well as the number of necrotic tubular cells and nuclear abnormalities. However, we observed a slight alteration in brush border, dilation of proximal tubules, mononuclear infiltrates, and interstitial fibrosis. Castrated males treated with TP showed that this intervention cancels the protective effect of the ORX. This finding suggests that androgens contribute to the development of renal alterations and proteinuria in rats treated with Al. Our results showed that ORX rats are protected against the induction of oxidative stress by Al, but the morphological damage to the kidney tissue induced by the cation was only reduced. Male intact rats treated with Al had more severe glomerulosclerosis, tubular damage, and proteinuria than ORX rats.
authors: Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas (FBCB), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina mcontini@fbcb.unl.edu.ar.
authors: María Del Carmen
authors: MD
authors: Contini
authors: Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas (FBCB), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina.
authors: Néstor
authors: N
authors: Millen
authors: Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas (FBCB), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina.
authors: Marcela
authors: M
authors: González
authors: Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas (FBCB), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina.
authors: Adriana
authors: A
authors: Benmelej
authors: Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas (FBCB), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina.
authors: Ana
authors: A
authors: Fabro
authors: Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas (FBCB), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina.
authors: Stella
authors: S
authors: Mahieu
mesh_terms: D000535:Aluminum / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D004351:Drug Resistance; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D000075322:Heavy Metal Poisoning; D020249:Hormone Replacement Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D009919:Orchiectomy / Q000009:adverse effects; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D011041:Poisoning / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D013737:Testis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013739:Testosterone / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D013739:Testosterone; D000535:Aluminum; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D005978:Glutathione
keywords: Aluminum; histological damage; orchiectomy; oxidative stress; renal