title: Promoting effect of foliage sprayed zinc sulfate on accumulation of sugar and phenolics in berries of Vitis vinifera cv. Merlot growing on zinc deficient soil.
abstract: The effect of foliage sprayed zinc sulfate on berry development of Vitis vinifera cv. Merlot growing on arid zone Zn-deficient soils was investigated over two consecutive seasons, 2013 and 2014. Initial zinc concentration in soil and vines, photosynthesis at three berry developmental stages, berry weight, content of total soluble solids, titratable acidity, phenolics and expression of phenolics biosynthetic pathway genes throughout the stages were measured. Foliage sprayed zinc sulfate showed promoting effects on photosynthesis and berry development of vines and the promotion mainly occurred from veraison to maturation. Zn treatments enhanced the accumulation of total soluble solids, total phenols, flavonoids, flavanols, tannins and anthocyanins in berry skin, decreasing the concentration of titratable acidity. Furthermore, foliage sprayed zinc sulfate could significantly influence the expression of phenolics biosynthetic pathway genes throughout berry development, and the results of expression analysis supported the promotion of Zn treatments on phenolics accumulation. This research is the first comprehensive and detailed study about the effect of foliage sprayed Zn fertilizer on grape berry development, phenolics accumulation and gene expression in berry skin, providing a basis for improving the quality of grape and wine in Zn-deficient areas.
authors: College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China. scz1103@gmail.com.
authors: Chang-Zheng
authors: CZ
authors: Song
authors: College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China. qq493235763@163.com.
authors: Mei-Ying
authors: MY
authors: Liu
authors: College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China. mjfwine@nwafu.edu.cn.
authors: Jiang-Fei
authors: JF
authors: Meng
authors: College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China. chiming101@163.com.
authors: Ming
authors: M
authors: Chi
authors: College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China. xizhumei@nwafu.edu.cn.|Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China. xizhumei@nwafu.edu.cn.
authors: Zhu-Mei
authors: ZM
authors: Xi
authors: College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China. zhangzhw60@nwsuaf.edu.cn.|Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China. zhangzhw60@nwsuaf.edu.cn.
authors: Zhen-Wen
authors: ZW
authors: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D053898:Biosynthetic Pathways; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005638:Fruit / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D010788:Photosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D027843:Vitis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D019287:Zinc Sulfate / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D002241:Carbohydrates; D059808:Polyphenols; D012987:Soil; D019287:Zinc Sulfate
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