title: Adjuvant poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) generates more efficient monoclonal antibodies against truncated recombinant histidine-rich protein2 of Plasmodium falciparum for malaria diagnosis.
abstract: Adjuvants play an important role in eliciting immune responses and subsequent generation of antibodies with high specificity. Recently, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNiPAAm), also known as a "smart" polymer, has been proposed as a potential adjuvant for making antibodies and vaccines. This material exhibits efficient delivery, protection against degradation, and preservation of antigen epitopes. In this work, we used both CFA and smart polymer to develop a highly specific murine monoclonal antibody (mAb) against recombinant truncated histidine rich protein2 (HRP2) of Plasmodium falciparum. Our results indicate that the mAbs developed using these adjuvants were able to recognize recombinant HRP2 and native PfHRP2 protein from spent medium. The mAbs generated against recombinant truncated HRP2 showed better sensitivity to the antigen and importantly mAbs generated using PNiPAAm adjuvant were in the range of 10(8)-10(9) M(-1). The mAbs generated using PNiPAAm are very efficient and sensitive in detecting HRP2. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of such comparison having been made between these two adjuvants and we propose that the smart polymer has huge potential as an alternative to CFA. Additionally, we discuss the utility of the mAbs generated through PNiPAAm for specific diagnosis of malaria caused by P. falciparum.
authors: Centre for Bio Separation Technology (CBST), VIT University, Vellore, India.
authors: Reena
authors: R
authors: Verma
authors: Ramakrishnan
authors: R
authors: Ravichandran
authors: Naatamai S
authors: NS
authors: Jayaprakash
authors: Ashok
authors: A
authors: Kumar
authors: Mookambeswaran A
authors: MA
authors: Vijayalakshmi
authors: Krishnan
authors: K
authors: Venkataraman
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant / Q000737:chemistry; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; C514457:HRP-2 antigen, Plasmodium falciparum; D015800:Protozoan Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C052970:poly-N-isopropylacrylamide; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant
keywords: Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA); Histidine rich protein2 (HRP2); Malaria diagnosis; Monoclonal antibody production; Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNiPAAm)