title: Voluntary exercise induces neurogenesis in the hypothalamus and ependymal lining of the third ventricle.
abstract: In the adult hypothalamus and ependymal lining of the third ventricle, tanycytes function as multipotential progenitor cells that enable continuous neurogenesis, suggesting that tanycytes may be able to mediate the restoration of homeostatic function after stroke. Voluntary wheel running has been shown to alter neurochemistry and neuronal function and to increase neurogenesis in rodents. In the present study, we found that voluntary exercise improved the survival rate and energy balance of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP/Kpo). We also investigated the effect of exercise on the proliferation and differentiation of hypothalamic cells using immunoreactivity for tanycytes and neural markers. The proliferation of elongated cells, which may be the tanycytes, was enhanced in exercising SHRSP compared to sedentary rats before and after stroke. In addition, the proliferation of cells was correlated with the induction of fibroblast growth factor-2 in the subependymal cells of the third ventricle and in the cerebrospinal fluid. Some of the newborn cells of exercising SHRSP showed differentiation into mature neurons after stroke. Our results suggest that voluntary exercise correlates with hypothalamic neurogenesis, leading to recovery of homeostatic functions in the adult brain after stroke.
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kinki University, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan.
authors: Atsuko
authors: A
authors: Niwa
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama, Japan.
authors: Masahiro
authors: M
authors: Nishibori
authors: Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kinki University, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan.
authors: Shinichi
authors: S
authors: Hamasaki
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kinki University, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan.
authors: Takuro
authors: T
authors: Kobori
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama, Japan.
authors: Keyue
authors: K
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama, Japan.
authors: Hidenori
authors: H
authors: Wake
authors: Department of Pharmacy, Shujitsu University, 1-6-1 Nishikawahara, Okayama, Japan.
authors: Shuji
authors: S
authors: Mori
authors: Department of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama, Japan.
authors: Tadashi
authors: T
authors: Yoshino
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kinki University, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan. hkt@med.kindai.ac.jp.
authors: Hideo
authors: H
authors: Takahashi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D063928:Ependymoglial Cells / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity; D055495:Neurogenesis; D009474:Neurons / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D020521:Stroke / Q000503:physiopathology*; D020542:Third Ventricle / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor
keywords: Hypothalamus; Neurogenesis; Stroke; Stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats; Tanycytes; Voluntary exercise