title: Age and practice effects on inter-manual performance asymmetry.
abstract: Manual dexterity declines with increasing age, however, the way in which inter-manual asymmetry responds to aging is unclear. Our purpose was to determine the effect of age and practice on inter-manual performance asymmetry in an isometric force pinch line tracing task that varied in difficulty within segments. Thirty right-handed participants, five males and five females in each of three age groups, young (Y20), young-old (O70), and old-old (O80), practiced an isometric force pinch task for 10 trials with each hand on each of five consecutive days. Inter-manual performance asymmetry of the right and left hands was analyzed with a repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) of asymmetry with age groups, practice, task difficulty, and hand as factors. The within-individual magnitude of asymmetry was also analyzed with a repeated measures ANOVA of manual asymmetry calculated as an asymmetry index (AI). Post hoc pair-wise comparisons were performed when significance was found. We observed no inter-manual performance asymmetry on this isometric tracing task among any of the age groups, either in the hand performance differences or in the magnitude of the AI. Age and practice interacted in terms of manual performance: the Y20 and O70 group improved accuracy and task time across the 5 days of practice but the O80 group did not. However, practice did not differentially affect the AI for accuracy or task time for any group. Accuracy of performance of the two hands was differentially affected by practice. All age groups exhibited poorer performance and larger AIs on the most difficult segments of the task (3 and 6) and this did not change with practice.
authors: Motor Behavior Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of San Francisco San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors: Karen L
authors: KL
authors: Francis
authors: Motor Behavior Laboratory, Department of Sports Medicine, Pepperdine University Malibu, CA, USA.
authors: Priscilla G
authors: PG
authors: MacRae
authors: Motor Behavior Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin Austin, TX, USA.
authors: Waneen W
authors: WW
authors: Spirduso
authors: Motor Behavior Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin Austin, TX, USA.
authors: Tim
authors: T
authors: Eakin
keywords: HAROLD; aging; force control; inter-manual performance asymmetry; manual asymmetry
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