title: Host-specificity of Staphylococcus aureus causing intramammary infections in dairy animals assessed by genotyping and virulence genes.
abstract: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most relevant pathogens causing clinical and subclinical, chronic mastitis in dairy animals. Routinely, mastitis pathogens are isolated and classified to genus or species level, and regarded as single entities. However, S. aureus includes a broad range of genotypes with distinct pathogenic and epidemiologic characteristics. The objective of the present study was to assess the host-specificity of S. aureus causing mastitis in dairy animals, based on phylogenetic and genotypic characterization as well as the presence of virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes in the pathogen genome. S. aureus isolates from mastitis in cows, sheep and goats in Israel, and from cows in Germany, the USA and Italy, were compared by the following methods: a. Bayesian phylogenetic comparison of sequences of genes nuc, coa, lukF and clfA, b. genotyping by spa and agr typing, and assignment to MLST Clonal Complexes (MLST CC), and c. the presence of a broad array of virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes. Overall, phylogenetic, virulence and genotyping approaches agreed with each other. Cow isolates could be differentiated from sheep and goat isolates with all three methods, with different resolution. In two phylogenetic clusters, segregation was found also between cow isolates from Israel and abroad. Sheep and goats' isolates showed less variability than isolates from cows in all methods used. In conclusion, different S. aureus lineages are associated to cows in contrast to goats and sheep, suggesting co-evolution between pathogen and host species. Modern diagnostics approaches should aim to explore molecular data for a better understanding and cost-effective management of mastitis.
authors: Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
authors: G Kahila
authors: GK
authors: Bar-Gal
authors: National Mastitis Reference Center, Kimron Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 12, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel.
authors: S E
authors: SE
authors: Blum
authors: Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Hadas
authors: Alere Technologies GmbH, Löbstedter Strasse 103 - 105, 07749 Jena, Germany.
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Ehricht
authors: Alere Technologies GmbH, Löbstedter Strasse 103 - 105, 07749 Jena, Germany; Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Faculty "Carl Gustav Carus", Technische Universität Dresden, Fiedlerstrasse 42, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Monecke
authors: National Mastitis Reference Center, Kimron Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 12, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel. Electronic address: leitnerg@moag.gov.il.
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Leitner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D005858:Germany; D015511:Goat Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D006041:Goats / Q000235:genetics; D058507:Host Specificity; D007557:Israel; D007558:Italy; D008413:Mastitis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D058885:Multilocus Sequence Typing; D010802:Phylogeny; D012756:Sheep / Q000235:genetics; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000662:veterinary*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014774:Virulence / Q000235:genetics; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D037521:Virulence Factors
keywords: Dairy animals; Genotyping; Mastitis; Staphylococcus aureus; Virulence