title: Aspiration and evaluation of gastric residuals in the neonatal intensive care unit: state of the science.
abstract: The routine aspiration of gastric residuals (GR) is considered standard care for critically ill infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Unfortunately, scant information exists regarding the risks and benefits associated with this common procedure. This article provides the state of the science regarding what is known about the routine aspiration and evaluation of GRs in the NICU focusing on the following issues: (1) the use of GRs for verification of feeding tube placement, (2) GRs as an indicator of gastric contents, (3) GRs as an indicator of feeding intolerance or necrotizing enterocolitis, (4) the association between GR volume and ventilator-associated pneumonia, (5) whether GRs should be discarded or refed, (6) the definition of an abnormal GR, and (7) the potential risks associated with aspiration and evaluation of GRs. Recommendations for further research and practice guidelines are also provided.
authors: College of Nursing, University of Florida, Box 100187, Gainesville 32610, USA. Parkela@ufl.edu
authors: Leslie
authors: L
authors: Parker
authors: Roberto Murgas
authors: RM
authors: Torrazza
authors: Yuefeng
authors: Y
authors: Li
authors: Elizabeth
authors: E
authors: Talaga
authors: Jonathan
authors: J
authors: Shuster
authors: Josef
authors: J
authors: Neu
mesh_terms: D004750:Enteral Nutrition / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007363:Intensive Care Units, Neonatal / Q000592:standards*; D015931:Intensive Care, Neonatal / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D063466:Respiratory Aspiration of Gastric Contents / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D018570:Risk Assessment; D059039:Standard of Care; D013396:Suction / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards
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