title: Effects of synthetic colloid and crystalloid solutions on hemorheology in vitro and in hemorrhagic shock.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Plasma expanders are commonly used in the management of critically ill patients, which may exhibit altered hemorheology. We evaluated the effects of various synthetic colloids and Lactated Ringer's (LR) solution on hemorheological parameters in vitro and in a rodent hemorrhagic shock model.
  
  
  METHODS
  For the in vitro experiments, rat blood was incubated with hydroxyethyl starch (HES) 130/0.4, HES 200/0.5, succinylated gelatine (GEL), or LR at various ratios. The control consisted of blood without dilution. The hemorheological parameters were measured after a 15-min incubation. For the in vivo study, rats were subjected to a severe volume-controlled hemorrhage and were resuscitated using a colloid solution (HES 130/0.4, HES 200/0.5, or GEL) or LR. The hemorheological parameters were measured 2 h after resuscitation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The GEL significantly elevated the plasma viscosity compared to the other groups. In the in vitro study, GEL and LR accelerated the erythrocyte aggregation. There was no significant difference between HES 130/0.4, HES 200/0.5, and control groups regarding the aggregation amplitude and index. In the in vivo study, the aggregation amplitude increased significantly in the GEL group compared to the HES 130/0.4, HES 200/0.5, LR, and sham groups. There was no significant difference between the groups with respect to the elongation index in vivo.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hydroxyethyl starch did not change the erythrocyte aggregation compared to the control. GEL significantly accelerates the erythrocyte aggregation and elevates the plasma viscosity compared to hydroxyethyl starch. The in vitro hemorheological measurements most likely provide hints for the in vivo study.
authors: Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, No. 27th Taiping Road, HaiDian, Beijing, China. chenlzu2005@163.com.
authors: Gan
authors: G
authors: Chen
authors: Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, No. 27th Taiping Road, HaiDian, Beijing, China. zhjingxiang@163.com.
authors: Jingxiang
authors: J
authors: Zhao
authors: Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, No. 27th Taiping Road, HaiDian, Beijing, China. foodlong@sina.com.
authors: Penglong
authors: P
authors: Li
authors: Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, No. 27th Taiping Road, HaiDian, Beijing, China. kanxuemei@163.com.
authors: Xuemei
authors: X
authors: Kan
authors: Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, No. 27th Taiping Road, HaiDian, Beijing, China. bjguoxingyou@163.com.
authors: Guoxing
authors: G
authors: You
authors: Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, No. 27th Taiping Road, HaiDian, Beijing, China. wy830111@163.com.
authors: Ying
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, No. 27th Taiping Road, HaiDian, Beijing, China. yyjhbw@163.com.
authors: Yujing
authors: Y
authors: Yin
authors: Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, No. 27th Taiping Road, HaiDian, Beijing, China. remember5_16@126.com.
authors: Xin
authors: X
authors: Luo
authors: Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, No. 27th Taiping Road, HaiDian, Beijing, China. queenlumingzi@126.com.
authors: Yuhua
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, No. 27th Taiping Road, HaiDian, Beijing, China. zhaolian@bmi.ac.cn.
authors: Lian
authors: L
authors: Zhao
authors: Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, No. 27th Taiping Road, HaiDian, Beijing, China. zhouhtt1966@163.com.
authors: Hong
authors: H
authors: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003102:Colloids / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018056:Hemorheology / Q000187:drug effects*; D007552:Isotonic Solutions / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D010952:Plasma Substitutes / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000077325:Ringer's Lactate; D012771:Shock, Hemorrhagic / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D003102:Colloids; D007552:Isotonic Solutions; D010952:Plasma Substitutes; D000077325:Ringer's Lactate
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