title: Gender differences in cerebral regional homogeneity of adult healthy volunteers: a resting-state FMRI study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to use the regional homogeneity (ReHo) approach as an index in the resting-state functional MRI to investigate the gender differences of spontaneous brain activity within cerebral cortex and resting-state networks (RSNs) in young adult healthy volunteers.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and twelve healthy volunteers (56 males, 56 females) participated in the resting-state fMRI scan. The ReHo mappings in the cerebral cortex and twelve RSNs of the male and female groups were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found statistically significant gender differences in the primary visual network (PVN) (P < 0.004, with Bonferroni correction) and left attention network (LAtN), default mode network (DMN), sensorimotor network (SMN), executive network (EN), and dorsal medial prefrontal network (DMPFC) as well (P < 0.05, uncorrected). The male group showed higher ReHo in the left precuneus, while the female group showed higher ReHo in the right middle cingulate gyrus, fusiform gyrus, left inferior parietal lobule, precentral gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, and postcentral gyrus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggested that men and women had regional specific differences during the resting-state. The findings may improve our understanding of the gender differences in behavior and cognition from the perspective of resting-state brain function.
authors: Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui 230031, China ; Laboratory of Digital Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui 230031, China ; Institute of Computer Application of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Anhui 230038, China.
authors: Chunsheng
authors: C
authors: Xu
authors: Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui 230031, China ; Laboratory of Digital Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui 230031, China ; Institute of Computer Application of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Anhui 230038, China.
authors: Chuanfu
authors: C
authors: Li
authors: Laboratory of Digital Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui 230031, China ; Institute of Computer Application of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Anhui 230038, China.
authors: Hongli
authors: H
authors: Wu
authors: Graduate School, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui 230038, China.
authors: Yuanyuan
authors: Y
authors: Wu
authors: Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science & Technology of China, Anhui 230027, China.
authors: Sheng
authors: S
authors: Hu
authors: Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui 230031, China ; Laboratory of Digital Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui 230031, China.
authors: Yifang
authors: 0000-0002-3484-2631
authors: Y
authors: Zhu
authors: Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui 230031, China.
authors: Wei
authors: 0000-0002-8422-4014
authors: W
authors: Zhang
authors: Graduate School, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui 230038, China.
authors: Linying
authors: 0000-0001-8023-0823
authors: L
authors: Wang
authors: Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
authors: Senhua
authors: S
authors: Zhu
authors: Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui 230031, China ; Laboratory of Digital Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui 230031, China.
authors: Junping
authors: J
authors: Liu
authors: School of Acupuncture & Osteology, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui 230038, China.
authors: Qingping
authors: Q
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui 230031, China.
authors: Jun
authors: 0000-0002-4849-7402
authors: J
authors: Yang
authors: CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function & Disease and School of Life Sciences, University of Science & Technology of China, Anhui 230027, China ; Center of Medical Physics and Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, CAS, Anhui 230031, China.
authors: Xiaochu
authors: 0000-0002-7541-0130
authors: X
authors: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000502:physiology; D012146:Rest / Q000502:physiology*; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D055815:Young Adult
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