title: Application of positive matrix factorization to source apportionment of surface water quality of the Daliao River basin, northeast China.
abstract: Surface water monitoring networks play an important role in the stream water quality management. Since a time series of data is obtained from the monitoring network, multivariate statistical techniques can be used to identify important factors or pollution sources of water system. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) is an improved factor analysis tool that has had limited application to water systems. The objective was to apply PMF to monitoring data to apportion water pollution sources in the Daliao River (DLR) basin. The DLR basin includes the Hun and Taizi River catchments in northeast China. This basin is densely populated and heavily industrialized. Fourteen monitoring stations located on the two rivers were used for monitoring 13 physical and chemical parameters from 1990 to 2002. Results show that five sources/processes in the Hun River and four in the Taizi River were identified by marker species and spatial-temporal variations of resolved factors, including point and nonpoint sources for both rivers. In addition, the industrial pollution source emission inventory data were used to compare with the resolved industrial sources. Results reveal that chemical transformations have influenced some chemical species. However, this influence is small compared with observed seasonal variations. Therefore, identification of pollution point and nonpoint sources by their seasonal variations is possible, which will also aid in water quality management. The spatial variation of the industrial pollutants typically corresponded with the urban industrial pollution source inventories.
authors: National Urban Environment Pollution Control Engineering Techniques Research Center, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing, 100037, China.
authors: Huiying
authors: H
authors: Li
authors: Philip K
authors: PK
authors: Hopke
authors: Xiande
authors: X
authors: Liu
authors: Xiaoming
authors: X
authors: Du
authors: Fasheng
authors: F
authors: Li
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry; D012621:Seasons; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D014876:Water Pollution / Q000032:analysis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D060753:Water Quality
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
references: Water Res. 2003 Oct;37(17):4119-24
references: 12946893
references: Environ Monit Assess. 2009 May;152(1-4):105-21
references: 18523854
references: Sci Total Environ. 2007 Feb 1;373(1):220-39
references: 17174380
references: Chemosphere. 2010 Jun;80(3):310-8
references: 20444492
references: J Air Waste Manag Assoc. 2007 Feb;57(2):146-54
references: 17355075
references: Environ Sci Technol. 2008 Jun 1;42(11):4044-51
references: 18589964
references: Chemosphere. 2007 May;68(1):93-104
references: 17280707
references: J Hazard Mater. 2011 Jun 15;190(1-3):205-13
references: 21470777
references: Sci Total Environ. 2011 Jan 1;409(3):530-9
references: 21111457
references: Environ Sci Technol. 2010 Mar 1;44(5):1690-7
references: 20121084
references: Water Res. 2007 Aug;41(15):3429-39
references: 17572471
references: J Hazard Mater. 2008 Dec 30;160(2-3):265-88
references: 18455866
references: Sci Total Environ. 1984 Dec;40:1-44
references: 6395340
references: Environ Sci Technol. 2010 Apr 15;44(8):2932-9
references: 20345180
references: Environ Int. 2004 Mar;30(1):105-15
references: 14664870
references: Sci Total Environ. 2006 Oct 15;370(1):99-116
references: 16857239
references: Water Res. 2008 Apr;42(8-9):1989-98
references: 18164048
references: Environ Sci Technol. 2005 Jan 15;39(2):456-64
references: 15707044
references: Water Res. 2004 Nov;38(18):3980-92
references: 15380988
references: J Hazard Mater. 2007 Aug 17;147(1-2):395-400
references: 17276598
references: Environ Sci Technol. 2010 Apr 1;44(7):2474-81
references: 20178383