title: Increased concentrations of the soluble mannose receptor in serum from patients with pneumococcal bacteraemia, and prediction of survival.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The soluble mannose receptor (sMR) is a new serum marker of macrophage activation. The aim of the present study was to investigate sMR as a prognostic marker in patients with invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), and compare it to other inflammatory biomarkers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Samples from 128 patients with IPD were collected at the time of first positive blood culture and analysed using an in-house sMR assay. Clinical data were retrieved from patient files. The main outcome investigated was in-hospital mortality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median sMR concentration in the entire group of patients was 0.77 mg/L. There was a significant difference in sMR concentration between patients below (n = 92, sMR = 0.82 mg/L) or above (n = 36, sMR = 0.73 mg/L) the age of 75 (p < 0.001). In the entire group there was a significant difference in sMR concentrations between survivors (n = 107, sMR = 0.72 mg/L) and non-survivors (n = 21, sMR = 1.38 mg/L), but for patients 75 years or older this difference was not statistically significant. For prediction of survival sMR seemed most promising (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) = 0.79) compared with sCD163 (AUC = 0.70) and CRP (AUC = 0.73). In patients 75 years or older the AUC was lower for all three markers (sMR = 0.56, sCD163 = 0.38, CRP = 0.66).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study designate sMR as a potential new biomarker in infectious disease. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of research into macrophage malfunction in elderly patients.
authors: From the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital.
authors: Sidsel
authors: S
authors: Rødgaard-Hansen
authors: Aisha
authors: A
authors: Rafique
authors: Nina
authors: N
authors: Weis
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Wejse
authors: Henrik
authors: H
authors: Nielsen
authors: Svend Stenvang
authors: SS
authors: Pedersen
authors: Holger Jon
authors: HJ
authors: Møller
authors: Gitte
authors: G
authors: Kronborg
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D037181:Lectins, C-Type / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D000090323:Mannose Receptor; D037241:Mannose-Binding Lectins / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality*; D011379:Prognosis; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000097:blood*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D000090323:Mannose Receptor; D037241:Mannose-Binding Lectins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface
keywords: CD163; CD206; Mannose receptor; bacteraemia; biomarker; sepsis