title: Microsporidia and Cryptosporidium in horses and donkeys in Algeria: detection of a novel Cryptosporidium hominis subtype family (Ik) in a horse.
abstract: A total of 219 and 124 individual fecal samples of horses and donkeys, respectively, were screened for the presence of Cryptosporidium spp., Encephalitozoon spp., and Enterocytozoon bieneusi DNA by genus-specific nested PCR. Isolates were genotyped by sequence analysis of SSU rRNA, GP60, TRAP-C1, COWP, and HSP70 loci in Cryptosporidium, and the ITS region in microsporidia. Cryptosporidium spp. was detected on 3/18 horse farms and 1/15 farms where donkeys were kept. Overall, five (2.3%) horse and two (1.6%) donkey specimens were PCR positive for Cryptosporidium. Genotyping at SSU and GP60 loci revealed that three isolates from horses and donkeys were C. parvum subtype family IIaA16G1R1, one isolate from a horse was, C. muris RN66, and one isolate from a donkey was C. muris TS03. An isolate from a horse shared 99.4% and 99.3% similarity with Cryptosporidium hominis and C. cuniculus, respectively, at the SSU locus. This isolate shared 100% identity with C. hominis at the TRAP-C1, COWP, and HSP70 loci, and it was from the novel gp60 subtype family IkA15G1. Microsporidia were found on 6/18 horse and 2/15 donkey farms. E. bieneusi was identified in 6.8% (15/219) and 1.6% (2/124), and Encephalitozoon cuniculi was identified in 1.8% (4/219) and 1.6% (2/124), of horses and donkeys, respectively. Three genotypes of E. cuniculi (I, II and III) were detected in horses, and E. cuniculi genotype II was detected in donkeys. Four genotypes of E. bieneusi (horse1, horse 2, CZ3, D) were described in horses. An additional five horses and two donkeys were positive for E. bieneusi, but the isolated were not genotyped. Neither Cryptosporidium nor microsporidia prevalence were affected by sex, age, type of breeding, or whether the host was a horse or a donkey.
authors: Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, University of Djelfa, Moudjbara, BP 3117, Djelfa, Algeria; Higher National School of Veterinary, BP 161 Hacène Badi, EL Harrach, Algiers, Algeria.
authors: Abd Elkarim
authors: AE
authors: Laatamna
authors: Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Studentská 13, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Parasitology, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
authors: Pavla
authors: P
authors: Wagnerová
authors: Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Parasitology, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
authors: Bohumil
authors: B
authors: Sak
authors: Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Parasitology, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
authors: Dana
authors: D
authors: Květoňová
authors: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors: Lihua
authors: L
authors: Xiao
authors: Faculty of Economics, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Studentská 13, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Rost
authors: Department of Veterinary and Microbiological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA.
authors: John
authors: J
authors: McEvoy
authors: Higher National School of Veterinary, BP 161 Hacène Badi, EL Harrach, Algiers, Algeria.
authors: Ahmed Rachid
authors: AR
authors: Saadi
authors: Higher National School of Veterinary, BP 161 Hacène Badi, EL Harrach, Algiers, Algeria.
authors: Meriem
authors: M
authors: Aissi
authors: Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Studentská 13, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Parasitology, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic. Electronic address: kvac@paru.cas.cz.
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Kváč
mesh_terms: D000462:Algeria / Q000453:epidemiology; D000818:Animals; D003457:Cryptosporidiosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D003458:Cryptosporidium / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D018397:Equidae / Q000382:microbiology / Q000469:parasitology; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology / Q000469:parasitology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000469:parasitology; D006736:Horses; D008297:Male; D016814:Microsporidia / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016881:Microsporidiosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D010802:Phylogeny; D015995:Prevalence
keywords: Cryptosporidium spp.; Donkeys; Encephalitozoon spp.; Enterocytozoon bieneusi; Horses; Molecular prevalence