title: The roles of direct recognition by animal lectins in antiviral immunity and viral pathogenesis.
abstract: Lectins are a group of proteins with carbohydrate recognition activity. Lectins are categorized into many families based on their different cellular locations as well as their specificities for a variety of carbohydrate structures due to the features of their carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) modules. Many studies have indicated that the direct recognition of particular oligosaccharides on viral components by lectins is important for interactions between hosts and viruses. Herein, we aim to globally review the roles of this recognition by animal lectins in antiviral immune responses and viral pathogenesis. The different classes of mammalian lectins can either recognize carbohydrates to activate host immunity for viral elimination or can exploit those carbohydrates as susceptibility factors to facilitate viral entry, replication or assembly. Additionally, some arthropod C-type lectins were recently identified as key susceptibility factors that directly interact with multiple viruses and then facilitate infection. Summarization of the pleiotropic roles of direct viral recognition by animal lectins will benefit our understanding of host-virus interactions and could provide insight into the role of lectins in antiviral drug and vaccine development.
authors: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. liu-y-13@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn.
authors: Yang
authors: Y
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. liujianying12@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn.
authors: Jianying
authors: J
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. pangxj2471@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn.
authors: Xiaojing
authors: X
authors: Pang
authors: Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tai'an Central Hospital, Tai'an 271000, China. liutao770404@163.com.
authors: Tao
authors: T
authors: Liu
authors: Ji'nan Infectious Diseases Hospital, Ji'nan 250021, China. nzjbear@126.com.
authors: Zhijie
authors: Z
authors: Ning
authors: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. gongcheng@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn.
authors: Gong
authors: G
authors: Cheng
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D037102:Lectins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011485:Protein Binding; D011487:Protein Conformation; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D037102:Lectins
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