title: Apelin's effects on young rat gastrointestinal tract maturation.
abstract: Apelin is considered an important gut regulatory peptide with potential physiological roles in gastrointestinal cytoprotection and regulation of food intake and drinking behavior. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of intraperitoneal or intragastric apelin administration on gastric and intestinal epithelial apoptosis, mitosis and DNA repair enzyme 8-oxoguanine (OGG 1/2) expression in young Wistar rats (50±5 g b.wt.). Apelin-13 was intraperitoneally or intragastrically administered twice a day for 10 days (100 nmol/kg b.wt./2×day), and control groups received physiological saline as a placebo. The rats were sacrificed after treatment, and the gastric fundus, duodenum, middle jejunum and colon tissue samples were harvested for immunofluorescence studies. Intragastric administration of apelin-13 increased the apoptotic index in the stomach and colon tissues (P≤0.001) but decreased apoptosis in the duodenum and jejunum (P<0.001); this approach reduced the number of mitotic cells in the jejunum and colon but increased mitoses (P<0.001) in the duodenum. Finally, intragastric apelin-13 increased (P<0.001) OGG 1/2 enzyme expression in the stomach and jejunum and decreased its expression in the colon (P<0.01). However, intraperitoneal apelin-13 injection caused the opposite effect in the same regions of the gastrointestinal tract. In conclusion, apelin inhibits gastrointestinal tissue maturation in young rats, regardless of the administration route. However, further studies are required to clarify the mechanism of apelin action on gastrointestinal tract maturation in young rats.
authors: The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jablonna, Poland. Electronic address: antuszewicz@op.pl.
authors: Hanna
authors: H
authors: Antushevich
authors: Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Faculty of Pharmacy, Warsaw, Poland; Pathology Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland.
authors: Joanna
authors: J
authors: Bierła
authors: The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jablonna, Poland.
authors: Bartosz
authors: B
authors: Pawlina
authors: Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland.
authors: Małgorzata
authors: M
authors: Kapica
authors: The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jablonna, Poland.
authors: Agata
authors: A
authors: Krawczyńska
authors: The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jablonna, Poland.
authors: Andrzej Przemysław
authors: AP
authors: Herman
authors: Laboratory of Physiology, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan.
authors: Ikuo
authors: I
authors: Kato
authors: Laboratory of Physiology, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan.
authors: Atsukazu
authors: A
authors: Kuwahara
authors: Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
authors: Romuald
authors: R
authors: Zabielski
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000073861:Apelin; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D003106:Colon / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D045647:DNA Glycosylases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004326:Drinking / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004386:Duodenum / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007583:Jejunum / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008938:Mitosis / Q000187:drug effects; D009928:Organ Specificity; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013270:Stomach / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D000073861:Apelin; C498579:Apln protein, rat; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D007527:Isoenzymes; D045647:DNA Glycosylases; C483741:OGG1 protein, rat
keywords: Apelin; Apoptosis; Mitosis; OGG 1/2; Young rats