title: Risk factors for pancreatitis in older women: the Iowa Women's Health Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pancreatitis-an inflammation of pancreas-is a severe and costly disease. Although many risk factors for pancreatitis are known, many pancreatitis cases, especially in elderly women, are of unknown etiology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Risk factors for acute pancreatitis (AP) and chronic pancreatitis (CP) were assessed in a prospective cohort (n = 36,436 women, aged ≥ 65 years). Exposures were self-reported at baseline. Pancreatitis was ascertained by linkage to Medicare claims (1986-2004) categorized by a physician as follows: "AP", one AP episode (n = 511) or "CP", 2+ AP or 1+ CP episodes (n = 149).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Multivariable odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals for AP and CP were calculated using multinomial logistic regression. Alcohol use was not associated with AP or CP. Heavy smoking (40+ vs. 0 pack-years) was associated with a twofold increased OR for CP. For body mass index greater than or equal to 30 versus less than 25 kg/m(2), the ORs were 1.35 (1.07-1.70) for AP (P trend = .009) and 0.59 (0.37-0.94) for CP (P trend = .01). ORs for AP and CP were increased for hormone replacement therapy use, heart disease, and hypertension. There were positive significant associations between protein and total fat intake for CP and AP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We identified factors associated with AP and CP that may be specific to older women.
authors: Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis. Electronic address: prizm001@umn.edu.
authors: Anna E
authors: AE
authors: Prizment
authors: Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis.
authors: Eric H
authors: EH
authors: Jensen
authors: Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.
authors: Anne M
authors: AM
authors: Hopper
authors: Division of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.
authors: Beth A
authors: BA
authors: Virnig
authors: Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.
authors: Kristin E
authors: KE
authors: Anderson
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D004032:Diet; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007484:Iowa; D006278:Medicare; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D050500:Pancreatitis, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D014481:United States
keywords: Cohort; Elderly; Medicare; Pancreatitis
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