title: Dietary intake of saturated fat is not associated with risk of coronary events or mortality in patients with established coronary artery disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Data from recent meta-analyses question an association between dietary intake of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Moreover, the prognostic effect of dietary SFA in patients with established CVD treated with modern conventional medication has not been extensively studied.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the associations between self-reported dietary SFA intake and risk of subsequent coronary events and mortality in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).
  
  
  METHODS
  This study included patients who participated in the Western Norway B-Vitamin Intervention Trial and completed a 169-item semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire after coronary angiography. Quartiles of estimated daily intakes of SFA were related to risk of a primary composite endpoint of coronary events (unstable angina pectoris, nonfatal acute myocardial infarction, and coronary death) and separate secondary endpoints (total acute myocardial infarction, fatal coronary events, and all-cause death) with use of Cox-regression analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This study included 2412 patients (81% men, mean age: 61.7 y). After a median follow-up of 4.8 y, a total of 292 (12%) patients experienced at least one major coronary event during follow-up. High intake of SFAs was associated with a number of risk factors at baseline. However, there were no significant associations between SFA intake and risk of coronary events [age- and sex-adjusted HR (95% CI) was 0.85 (0.61, 1.18) for the upper vs. lower SFA quartile] or any secondary endpoint. Estimates were not appreciably changed after multivariate adjustments.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was no association between dietary intake of SFAs and incident coronary events or mortality in patients with established CAD.
authors: Departments of Heart Disease Departments of Clinical Science nathalie.genevieve.puaschitz@helse-bergen.no.
authors: Nathalie Genevieve
authors: NG
authors: Puaschitz
authors: Departments of Clinical Science.
authors: Elin
authors: E
authors: Strand
authors: Departments of Heart Disease Research and Development, and Departments of Clinical Science.
authors: Tone Merete
authors: TM
authors: Norekvål
authors: Clinical Medicine, and.
authors: Jutta
authors: J
authors: Dierkes
authors: The National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway; and.
authors: Lisbeth
authors: L
authors: Dahl
authors: Departments of Heart Disease Departments of Clinical Science.
authors: Gard Frodahl Tveitevåg
authors: GF
authors: Svingen
authors: Research and Development, and.
authors: Jörg
authors: J
authors: Assmus
authors: Departments of Heart Disease Departments of Clinical Science.
authors: Hall
authors: H
authors: Schartum-Hansen
authors: Rheumatology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway The National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway; and.
authors: Jannike
authors: J
authors: Øyen
authors: Departments of Clinical Science.
authors: Eva Kristine Ringdal
authors: EK
authors: Pedersen
authors: Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
authors: Christian Andrè
authors: CA
authors: Drevon
authors: Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
authors: Grethe Seppola
authors: GS
authors: Tell
authors: Departments of Heart Disease Departments of Clinical Science.
authors: Ottar
authors: O
authors: Nygård
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality*; D004032:Diet; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000009:adverse effects*; D023381:Endpoint Determination; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids
keywords: FFQ; coronary events; dietary SFA; established coronary artery disease; mortality