title: Nasal associated lymphoid tissue of the Syrian golden hamster expresses high levels of PrPC.
abstract: The key event in the pathogenesis of the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies is a template-dependent misfolding event where an infectious isoform of the prion protein (PrPSc) comes into contact with native prion protein (PrPC) and changes its conformation to PrPSc. In many extraneurally inoculated models of prion disease this PrPC misfolding event occurs in lymphoid tissues prior to neuroinvasion. The primary objective of this study was to compare levels of total PrPC in hamster lymphoid tissues involved in the early pathogenesis of prion disease. Lymphoid tissues were collected from golden Syrian hamsters and Western blot analysis was performed to quantify PrPC levels. PrPC immunohistochemistry (IHC) of paraffin embedded tissue sections was performed to identify PrPC distribution in tissues of the lymphoreticular system. Nasal associated lymphoid tissue contained the highest amount of total PrPC followed by Peyer's patches, mesenteric and submandibular lymph nodes, and spleen. The relative levels of PrPC expression in IHC processed tissue correlated strongly with the Western blot data, with high levels of PrPC corresponding with a higher percentage of PrPC positive B cell follicles. High levels of PrPC in lymphoid tissues closely associated with the nasal cavity could contribute to the relative increased efficiency of the nasal route of entry of prions, compared to other routes of infection.
authors: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America.
authors: Melissa D
authors: MD
authors: Clouse
authors: Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America.
authors: Ronald A
authors: RA
authors: Shikiya
authors: Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America.
authors: Jason C
authors: JC
authors: Bartz
authors: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America; Department of Pharmacy Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America.
authors: Anthony E
authors: AE
authors: Kincaid
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D006224:Cricetinae; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D008221:Lymphoid Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000276:immunology*; D018621:PrPC Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D021381:Protein Transport
chemical_list: D018621:PrPC Proteins
references: J Gen Virol. 1999 Nov;80 ( Pt 11):3035-42
references: 10580067
references: J Virol. 2002 Jun;76(11):5759-68
references: 11992004
references: J Neurochem. 2002 Jun;81(5):1092-101
references: 12065622
references: Neuroscience. 2002;113(1):177-92
references: 12123696
references: J Virol. 2003 Jan;77(1):583-91
references: 12477862
references: Neurology. 1992 Jan;42(1):149-56
references: 1346470
references: Nature. 1992 Apr 16;356(6370):577-82
references: 1373228
references: J Virol. 2005 Sep;79(18):11858-63
references: 16140762
references: Biochemistry. 2006 Nov 28;45(47):14129-39
references: 17115708
references: J Virol. 2007 May;81(9):4482-91
references: 17301140
references: Vet Pathol. 2008 Jan;45(1):7-11
references: 18192568
references: Acta Neuropathol. 2009 Feb;117(2):175-84
references: 19107494
references: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2009 Oct 16;388(2):306-10
references: 19664595
references: J Immunol. 2009 Oct 15;183(8):5199-207
references: 19786551
references: J Biol Chem. 1977 Dec 25;252(24):9018-23
references: 200626
references: J Biol Chem. 2010 Apr 2;285(14):10252-64
references: 20154089
references: J Virol. 2010 Jun;84(11):5706-14
references: 20237082
references: PLoS Pathog. 2011 Jan 13;7(1):e1001257
references: 21249178
references: J Virol. 2012 Dec;86(23):12731-40
references: 22973025
references: J Virol. 2013 Feb;87(3):1890-2
references: 23175370
references: J Biol Chem. 2014 Jan 10;289(2):803-13
references: 24247244
references: Cell. 1987 Oct 23;51(2):229-40
references: 2444340
references: J Virol. 1987 Oct;61(10):3235-40
references: 2957510
references: J Gen Virol. 1986 Feb;67 ( Pt 2):255-63
references: 3080549
references: J Gen Virol. 1985 Dec;66 ( Pt 12):2517-22
references: 3934338
references: J Infect Dis. 1967 Feb;117(1):15-22
references: 4961240
references: J Comp Pathol. 1978 Jan;88(1):39-47
references: 563870
references: J Cell Biol. 1978 Apr;77(1):148-64
references: 659510
references: Science. 1982 Apr 9;216(4542):136-44
references: 6801762
references: J Infect Dis. 1982 Nov;146(5):657-64
references: 6813384
references: J Virol. 1995 Dec;69(12):7586-92
references: 7494265
references: J Gen Virol. 1995 Oct;76 ( Pt 10):2583-7
references: 7595362
references: J Biol Chem. 1995 Aug 11;270(32):19173-80
references: 7642585
references: Cell. 1993 Jul 2;73(7):1339-47
references: 8100741
references: Mol Med. 1994 Nov;1(1):19-30
references: 8790598
references: J Biol Chem. 1997 Aug 22;272(34):21479-87
references: 9261166
references: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1997 Oct;156(4 Pt 1):1256-62
references: 9351630
references: Cell Tissue Res. 1998 Apr;292(1):77-84
references: 9506914