title: Retrospective study in 23 patients of the self-expanding sinus-XL stent for treatment of malignant superior vena cava obstruction caused by non-small cell lung cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate retrospectively the self-expanding nitinol Sinus-XL stent (OptiMed, Ettlingen, Germany) for the treatment of superior vena cava (SVC) obstruction caused by non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Between October 2009 and December 2012, 23 patients (7 women and 16 men; age, 62.5 y ± 8.5) with stage IIIA (1 patient), IIIB (4 patients) or IV (18 patients) NSCLC and acute SVC obstruction were scheduled for urgent stent implantation. The primary study endpoints were technical success (defined as accurate stent placement with complete coverage of the obstructed SVC), residual stenosis < 30%, and clinical efficacy. Complications were assessed as a secondary study endpoint.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 26 stents implanted in 23 patients. The technical success was 100%. Stent dilation was performed after deployment in 18 cases (78%). Stent migration into the right atrium occurred immediately after deployment in one patient; however, this stent was successfully repositioned and stabilized by a second stent. The clinical symptoms improved at least one category according to the International Consensus Committee on Chronic Venous Disease after stent implantation in all but one patient. The mean clinical follow-up was 66 days ± 83 (range, 1-305 d). Three minor complications (13%) and one major complication (4%) occurred.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Implantation of the self-expanding Sinus-XL stent for treatment of SVC obstruction caused by NSCLC is a safe and effective urgent treatment in this palliative setting.
authors: Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address: Theresa.mokry@med.uni-heidelberg.de.
authors: Theresa
authors: T
authors: Mokry
authors: Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
authors: Nadine
authors: N
authors: Bellemann
authors: Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
authors: Christof M
authors: CM
authors: Sommer
authors: Department of Translational Pulmonology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
authors: Claus P
authors: CP
authors: Heussel
authors: Department of Thoracic Oncology, Thoraxlinik University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
authors: Farastuk
authors: F
authors: Bozorgmehr
authors: Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: Gnutzmann
authors: Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
authors: Nikolas A
authors: NA
authors: Kortes
authors: Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Translational Pulmonology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
authors: Hans U
authors: HU
authors: Kauczor
authors: Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
authors: Boris
authors: B
authors: Radeleff
authors: Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
authors: Ulrike
authors: U
authors: Stampfl
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D017755:Prosthesis Fitting / Q000379:methods; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015607:Stents; D013479:Superior Vena Cava Syndrome / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome