title: Pallidal stimulation suppresses pathological dysrhythmia in the parkinsonian motor cortex.
abstract: Although there is general consensus that deep brain stimulation (DBS) yields substantial clinical benefit in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), the therapeutic mechanism of DBS remains a matter of debate. Recent studies demonstrate that DBS targeting the globus pallidus internus (GPi-DBS) suppresses pathological oscillations in firing rate and between-cell spike synchrony in the vicinity of the electrode but has negligible effects on population-level firing rate or the prevalence of burst firing. The present investigation examines the downstream consequences of GPi-DBS at the level of the primary motor cortex (M1). Multielectrode, single cell recordings were conducted in the M1 of two parkinsonian nonhuman primates (Macaca fasicularis). GPi-DBS that induced significant reductions in muscular rigidity also reduced the prevalence of both beta (12-30 Hz) oscillations in single unit firing rates and of coherent spiking between pairs of M1 neurons. In individual neurons, GPi-DBS-induced increases in mean firing rate were three times more common than decreases; however, averaged across the population of M1 neurons, GPi-DBS induced no net change in mean firing rate. The population-level prevalence of burst firing was also not affected by GPi-DBS. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that suppression of both pathological, beta oscillations and synchronous activity throughout the cortico-basal ganglia network is a major therapeutic mechanism of GPi-DBS.
authors: Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California; Department of Biological Sciences, Milton Keynes, The Open University, Buckinghamshire, United Kingdom; and kevin.mccairn@yahoo.com.
authors: Kevin W
authors: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8546-4095
authors: KW
authors: McCairn
authors: Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California; Department of Neurobiology and Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
authors: Robert S
authors: RS
authors: Turner
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials; D000818:Animals; D046690:Deep Brain Stimulation; D005260:Female; D005917:Globus Pallidus / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D020734:Parkinsonian Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy
keywords: MPTP; Parkinson's disease; deep brain stimulation; globus pallidus; nonhuman primate; primary motor cortex
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