title: Distribution of Vesicular Glutamate Transporter 2 and Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors in the Auditory Ganglion and Cochlear Nuclei of Pigeons (Columba livia).
abstract: Glutamate is a principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the auditory system. Our previous studies revealed localization of glutamate receptor mRNAs in the pigeon cochlear nuclei, suggesting the existence of glutamatergic input from the auditory nerve to the brainstem. This study demonstrated localization of mRNAs for vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (vGluT2) and ionotropic glutamate receptors (AMPA, kainate and NMDA) in the auditory ganglion (AG) and cochlear nuclei (magnocellular, angular and laminar nuclei). VGluT2 mRNA was intensely expressed in AG and intensely or moderately in the cochlear nuclei. The AG and cochlear nuclei showed intense-to-moderate mRNA signals for GluA2, GluA3, GluA4, GluK4 and GluN1. These results suggest that the pigeon AG neurons receives glutamatergic input from hair cells and in turn projects to the magnocellular and angular nuclei. Glutamate may play a pivotal role in the excitatory synapse transmission in the peripheral auditory pathway of birds.
authors: Department of Anatomy and Histology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh.|Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
authors: M R
authors: MR
authors: Karim
authors: Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Atoji
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017626:Cochlear Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism*; D010856:Columbidae / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D006198:Hair Cells, Auditory / Q000378:metabolism; D017403:In Situ Hybridization / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D058468:Receptors, Ionotropic Glutamate / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D013136:Spiral Ganglion / Q000378:metabolism*; D050599:Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D058468:Receptors, Ionotropic Glutamate; D050599:Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2; D018698:Glutamic Acid