title: Metabarcoding approach for the ballast water surveillance--an advantageous solution or an awkward challenge?
abstract: Transfer of organisms with ships' ballast water is recognized as a major pathway of non-indigenous species introduction and addressed in a few recent legislative initiatives. Among other they imply scientific and technical research and monitoring to be conducted in a efficient and reliable way. The recent development of DNA barcoding and metabarcoding technologies opens new opportunities for biodiversity and biosecurity surveillance. In the current study, the performance of metabarcoding approach was assessed in comparison to the conventional (visual) observations, during the en route experimental ballast water survey. Opportunities and limitations of the molecular method were identified from taxonomical datasets rendered by two molecular markers of different degree of universality - the universal cytochrome oxydase sub-unit I gene and a fragment of RuBisCO gene. The cost-efficacy and possible improvements of these methods are discussed for the further successful development and implementation of the approach in ballast water control and NIS surveillance.
authors: Klaipeda University, H. Manto 84, 92294 Klaipeda, Lithuania; Coastal and Freshwater Group, Cawthron Institute, 98 Halifax Street East, 7010 Nelson, New Zealand. Electronic address: anastasija@corpi.ku.lt.
authors: Anastasija
authors: A
authors: Zaiko
authors: Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, C/Julian Claveria s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain. Electronic address: secuenciacion@spi.uniovi.es.
authors: Jose L
authors: JL
authors: Martinez
authors: Biology Department, Marine Biology Section, Ghent University, Krijgslaan, 281/S8, B-9000 Gent, Belgium. Electronic address: julia.schmidtpetersen@gmail.com.
authors: Julia
authors: J
authors: Schmidt-Petersen
authors: Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Laboratory Center, Erling Skjalgsons gt. 1, N-7006 Trondheim, Norway. Electronic address: deni.ribicic@ntnu.no.
authors: Deni
authors: D
authors: Ribicic
authors: Klaipeda University, H. Manto 84, 92294 Klaipeda, Lithuania. Electronic address: aurelija@corpi.ku.lt.
authors: Aurelija
authors: A
authors: Samuiloviene
authors: Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, C/Julian Claveria s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain. Electronic address: egv@uniovi.es.
authors: Eva
authors: E
authors: Garcia-Vazquez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D044822:Biodiversity; D058893:DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic / Q000379:methods*; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000235:genetics; D058865:Introduced Species; D012273:Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase / Q000235:genetics; D012767:Ships; D013696:Temperature; D014867:Water / Q000032:analysis*; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D014867:Water; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV; D012273:Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase
keywords: Ballast water management convention; COI; En-route observation; High-throughput sequencing; Invasive species; RuBisCO