title: Photoinitiators: a food safety review.
abstract: Ultraviolet light printing inks are considered safer than the classical inks; however, despite being on the outer surface of the packaging material, their components can migrate into foodstuffs and can give rise to contamination. Photoinitiators are a part of the formulation of printing inks, being an important class of migrant, for which there have been more than 100 incidents of contamination of packaged food with photoinitiators reported through Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) alerts in the European Union. In this review the process of photo-polymerisation is explained in depth to provide an insight into the complexity of the process, and the diversity of potential contaminants together with their degradation products. The critical factors affecting the migration process itself are reviewed, together with analytical methods and the current legislation in the European Union and other parts of the world.
authors: a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela , A Coruña , Spain.
authors: Miguel A
authors: MA
authors: Lago
authors: Ana
authors: A
authors: Rodríguez-Bernaldo de Quirós
authors: Raquel
authors: R
authors: Sendón
authors: Juana
authors: J
authors: Bustos
authors: María T
authors: MT
authors: Nieto
authors: Perfecto
authors: P
authors: Paseiro
mesh_terms: D001577:Benzophenones / Q000032:analysis; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D005062:European Union; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D018857:Food Packaging / Q000592:standards*; D059022:Food Safety; D007281:Ink; D057230:Limit of Detection; D018673:Nutrition Policy; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D001577:Benzophenones
keywords: food contact materials; food safety; migration; photo-polymerisation process; photoinitiator