title: Japanese encephalitis virus in culicine mosquitoes (Diptera: culicidae) of the republic of Korea, 2008-2010.
abstract: A total of 150,805 culicine female mosquitoes were captured by Mosquito Magnet, black light, and New Jersey light traps, and at resting collections in the Republic of Korea from 2008 to 2010 as part of the U.S. Forces Korea malaria and Japanese surveillance programs. Mosquitoes were identified and culicine mosquitoes placed in pools of up to 30 mosquitoes each, by species and date of collection, and screened for flaviviruses using a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay. A total of 98/6,845 (1.4%) pools were positive by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). A total of 92/2,031 (4.5%) pools of Culex tritaeniorhynchus were positive for JEV and accounted for 93.9% (92/98) of all JEV positive pools. A total of 4/804 (0.5%) and 2/175 (1.1%) pools of C. pipiens and C. bitaeniorhynchus, respectively, were positive for JEV. The JEV maximum likelihood estimations (estimated number of viral RNA positive mosquitoes per 1,000) for C. tritaeniorhynchus, C. bitaeniorhynchus, and C. pipiens were 1.71, 1.02, and 0.36 respectively. JEV is a severe health threat for local populations and of significant concern for nonimmune (unvaccinated) U.S. soldiers, civilians, and family members deployed to the Republic of Korea.
authors: 5th Medical Detachment, 168th Multifunctional Medical Battalion, 65th Medical Brigade, Unit 15247, APO AP 96205-5247, Yongsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Heung Chul
authors: HC
authors: Kim
authors: Entomology Department, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, 315/6 Rajvithi Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
authors: Ratree
authors: R
authors: Takhampunya
authors: Entomology Department, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, 315/6 Rajvithi Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
authors: Bousaraporn
authors: B
authors: Tippayachai
authors: 5th Medical Detachment, 168th Multifunctional Medical Battalion, 65th Medical Brigade, Unit 15247, APO AP 96205-5247, Yongsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Sung-Tae
authors: ST
authors: Chong
authors: Foreign Animal Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang-ro 175, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi 430-824, Republic of Korea.
authors: Jee-Yong
authors: JY
authors: Park
authors: Foreign Animal Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang-ro 175, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi 430-824, Republic of Korea.
authors: Myung-Soon
authors: MS
authors: Kim
authors: Foreign Animal Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang-ro 175, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi 430-824, Republic of Korea.
authors: Hyun-Ji
authors: HJ
authors: Seo
authors: Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, University of Incheon, 12-1 Songdo-dong, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 406-772, Republic of Korea.
authors: Jung-Yong
authors: JY
authors: Yeh
authors: National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk 363-951, Republic of Korea.
authors: Won-Ja
authors: WJ
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Health and Environment, Kosin University, Busan 606-701, Republic of Korea.
authors: Dong-Kyu
authors: DK
authors: Lee
authors: Public Health Command Region-Pacific, Camp Zama, Japan.
authors: Terry A
authors: TA
authors: Klein
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D009033:Culicidae / Q000821:virology; D004664:Encephalitis Virus, Japanese; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000821:virology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011634:Public Health / Q000379:methods; D056910:Republic of Korea