title: CT and MRI evaluation of cardiac complications in patients with hematologic diseases: a pictorial review.
abstract: Cardiac complications with hematologic diseases are not uncommon but it is difficult to diagnose, due to non-specific clinical symptoms. Prompt recognition of these potentially fatal complications by cardiac computed tomography (CT) or cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may help to direct clinicians to specific treatments according to causes. Thrombosis is often related to central venous catheter use and is usually located at the catheter tip near the atrial wall. Differentiation of thrombosis from normal structure is possible with CT and, distinction of a thrombus from a tumor is possible on a delayed enhancement MRI with a long inversion time (500-600 ms). Granulocytic sarcoma of the heart is indicated by an infiltrative nature with involvement of whole layers of myocardium on CT and MRI. MRI with T2* mapping is useful in evaluating myocardial iron content in patients with hemochromatosis. Diffuse subendocardial enhancement is typically observed on delayed MRIs in patients with cardiac amyloidosis. T1 mapping is an emerging tool to diagnose amyloidosis. Myocardial abscess can occur due to an immunocompromised status. CT and MRI show loculated lesions with fluid density and concomitant rim-like contrast enhancement. Awareness of CT and MRI findings of cardiac complications of hematologic diseases can be helpful to physicians for clinical decision making and treatment.
authors: Departments of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 137-701, Republic of Korea. ddongle13@hanmail.net.
authors: Tae Yun
authors: TY
authors: Kim
authors: Departments of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 137-701, Republic of Korea. jijung@catholic.ac.kr.
authors: Jung Im
authors: JI
authors: Jung
authors: Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic Blood and Marrow Transplantation Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea. yoojink@catholic.ac.kr.
authors: Yoo Jin
authors: YJ
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea. kimhwanwook@catholic.ac.kr.
authors: Hwan Wook
authors: HW
authors: Kim
authors: Departments of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 137-701, Republic of Korea. hgleehfh@catholic.ac.kr.
authors: Hae Giu
authors: HG
authors: Lee
mesh_terms: D000038:Abscess / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000686:Amyloidosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D002405:Catheterization, Central Venous / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D006338:Heart Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D006402:Hematologic Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D061330:Multidetector Computed Tomography; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D023981:Sarcoma, Myeloid / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D065227:Transfusion Reaction; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Complication; Heart; Hematologic diseases; Magnetic resonance imaging; Multidetector computed tomography
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