title: Cost-effectiveness of hypertension therapy according to 2014 guidelines.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  On the basis of the 2014 guidelines for hypertension therapy in the United States, many eligible adults remain untreated. We projected the cost-effectiveness of treating hypertension in U.S. adults according to the 2014 guidelines.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used the Cardiovascular Disease Policy Model to simulate drug-treatment and monitoring costs, costs averted for the treatment of cardiovascular disease, and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) gained by treating previously untreated adults between the ages of 35 and 74 years from 2014 through 2024. We assessed cost-effectiveness according to age, hypertension level, and the presence or absence of chronic kidney disease or diabetes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The full implementation of the new hypertension guidelines would result in approximately 56,000 fewer cardiovascular events and 13,000 fewer deaths from cardiovascular causes annually, which would result in overall cost savings. The projections showed that the treatment of patients with existing cardiovascular disease or stage 2 hypertension would save lives and costs for men between the ages of 35 and 74 years and for women between the ages of 45 and 74 years. The treatment of men or women with existing cardiovascular disease or men with stage 2 hypertension but without cardiovascular disease would remain cost-saving even if strategies to increase medication adherence doubled treatment costs. The treatment of stage 1 hypertension was cost-effective (defined as <$50,000 per QALY) for all men and for women between the ages of 45 and 74 years, whereas treating women between the ages of 35 and 44 years with stage 1 hypertension but without cardiovascular disease had intermediate or low cost-effectiveness.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The implementation of the 2014 hypertension guidelines for U.S. adults between the ages of 35 and 74 years could potentially prevent about 56,000 cardiovascular events and 13,000 deaths annually, while saving costs. Controlling hypertension in all patients with cardiovascular disease or stage 2 hypertension could be effective and cost-saving. (Funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and others.).
authors: From the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University (A.E.M., L.G.), and Division of General Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center (A.E.M., A.T., K.Y.T., P.W.R.) - both in New York; School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis (M.C.O.); Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco (D.G., K.B.-D., P.G.C.); and Partners Health Care, Boston (L.W.).
authors: Andrew E
authors: AE
authors: Moran
authors: Michelle C
authors: MC
authors: Odden
authors: Anusorn
authors: A
authors: Thanataveerat
authors: Keane Y
authors: KY
authors: Tzong
authors: Petra W
authors: PW
authors: Rasmussen
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Guzman
authors: Lawrence
authors: L
authors: Williams
authors: Kirsten
authors: K
authors: Bibbins-Domingo
authors: Pamela G
authors: PG
authors: Coxson
authors: Lee
authors: L
authors: Goldman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000191:economics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000191:economics / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017046:Cost Savings; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D005260:Female; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000191:economics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011322:Primary Prevention / Q000191:economics; D019057:Quality-Adjusted Life Years; D055502:Secondary Prevention / Q000191:economics; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents
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