title: Anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory and toxicological evaluation of Fang-Ji-Huang-Qi-Tang in rodents.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Fang-Ji-Huang-Qi-Tang (abbreviated as FJHQT), composed by six medicinal herbs including Radix Stephania Tetrandra, Radix Astragali, Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Rhizoma Zingiberis and Fructus Ziziphi Jujubae, is a frequently Chinese prescription for treating painful and inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis. When Radix Stephania Tetrandra was misused with Aristolochia species, acute or chronic nephropathy caused by aristolochic acid was happened. Thus, the present study was aimed to identify Radix Stephania Tetrandra and performed the pharmacological and toxicological evaluation of FJHQT extract in rodents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Radix Stephania Tetrandra was identified by macroscopic and microscopic observation, and the content of tetrandrine in FJHQT extract was measured by high performance liquid chromatography. Then, the pharmacological activities of FJHQT extract with respect to clinical use was investigated with acetic acid-induced writhing response, formalin-induced licking response and carrageenan-induced paw edema. Finally, we evaluated the subacute toxicology of FJHQT extract after 28-day repeated oral administration in rats.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Radix Stephania Tetrandra was correctly used in FJHQT extract, and the content of tetrandrine in FJHQT extract was 2.5 mg/g. FJHQT extract produced a pronounced and dose-dependent antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects in three above models. FJHQT extract after 28-day repeated administration did not caused any hematological, biochemical and histological change in rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We suggest that FJHQT extract is a high safety index Chinese medicine for antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory application when Radix Stephania Tetrandra was correctly used in FJHQT. Its antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory mechanism might be related to peripheral nociceptive pathway such as prostaglandins.
authors: Department of Biotechnology, TransWorld University, No.1221, Zhennan Rd., Yunlin County, Douliu City, 64063, Taiwan. nubirth@hotmail.com.
authors: Yu-Chin
authors: YC
authors: Lin
authors: Department of Cosmetic Applications and Management, Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, No. 92, Shengjing Road, Beitou District, Taipei, 11260, Taiwan. sunny2258@hotmail.com.|Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No. 91, Hsieh Shih Road, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan. sunny2258@hotmail.com.
authors: Ching-Wen
authors: CW
authors: Chang
authors: Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No. 91, Hsieh Shih Road, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan. crw@mail.cmu.edu.tw.
authors: Chi-Rei
authors: CR
authors: Wu
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid; D000700:Analgesics / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D030022:Aristolochia / Q000009:adverse effects; D034341:Aristolochic Acids / Q000009:adverse effects; D027885:Astragalus propinquus; D044182:Benzylisoquinolines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002351:Carrageenan; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004487:Edema / Q000188:drug therapy; D005557:Formaldehyde; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D010146:Pain / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D031609:Stephania tetrandra / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D034341:Aristolochic Acids; D044182:Benzylisoquinolines; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D005557:Formaldehyde; C009438:tetrandrine; D002351:Carrageenan; C027492:Huang Qi; C000228:aristolochic acid I; D019342:Acetic Acid
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