title: Cu(0) nanoparticles deposited on nanoporous polymers: a recyclable heterogeneous nanocatalyst for Ullmann coupling of aryl halides with amines in water.
abstract: Cu(0) nanoparticles were deposited on a nanoporous polymer to develop a novel nanocatalyst (Cu-B) for carrying out Ullmann coupling of aryl halides with amines in water. Non-aqueous polymerization of a mixture of divinylbenzene and acrylic acid under hydrothermal conditions followed by the deposition of Cu(0) nanoparticles were adopted to afford the Cu-B nanocatalyst. In order to compare the catalytic activity of the Cu-B nanocatalyst in the Ullmann coupling reactions, another nanocatalyst, Cu(0) nanoparticle-loaded porous carbon (Cu-A), was also prepared. All the newly developed Cu(0) nanoparticle-based nanocatalysts were thoroughly characterized using several characterization techniques. The Ullmann coupling reactions were carried out in water only with 1.35 mol% loading of Cu as catalytically active sites in Cu-B. The Cu-B nanocatalyst exhibited higher catalytic activity as compared with Cu-A, and also showed a good catalytic recyclability with a high consistence in the catalytic activity. No Cu leaching from the nanocatalyst surface and the smooth nanocatalyst recovery confirm the true heterogeneity in these catalytic reactions.
authors: Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371.
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Mondal
authors: Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371.
authors: Anup
authors: A
authors: Biswas
authors: Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371.
authors: Shunsuke
authors: S
authors: Chiba
authors: 1] Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371 [2] School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798.
authors: Yanli
authors: Y
authors: Zhao
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