title: An electrochemical immunosensing method for detecting melanoma cells.
abstract: An electrochemical immunosensing method was developed to detect melanoma cells based on the affinity between cell surface melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) antigen and anti-MC1R antibody (MC1R-Ab). The MC1R-Abs were immobilized in amino-functionalized silica nanoparticles (n-SiNPs)-polypyrrole (PPy) nanocomposite modified on working electrode surface of screen-printed electrode (SPE). Cyclic voltammetry was employed, with the help of redox mediator ([Fe(CN)6](3-)), to measure the change in anodic oxidation peak current arising due to the specific interaction between MC1R antigens and MC1R-Abs when the target melanoma cells are present in the sample. Various factors affecting the sensor performance, such as the amount of MC1R-Abs loaded, incubation time with the target melanoma cells, the presence of interfering non-melanoma cells, were tested and optimized over different expected melanoma cell loads in the range of 50-7500 cells/2.5 mL. The immunosensor is highly sensitive (20 cells/mL), specific, and reproducible, and the antibody-loaded electrode in ready-to-use stage is stable over two weeks. Thus, in conjunction with a microfluidic lab-on-a-chip device our electrochemical immunosensing approach may be suitable for highly sensitive, selective, and rapid detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in blood samples.
authors: Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 460 Henry Mall, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
authors: Rajesh
authors: R
authors: Seenivasan
authors: Department of Dermatology, UW School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
authors: Nityanand
authors: N
authors: Maddodi
authors: Department of Dermatology, UW School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA. Electronic address: vsetaluri@dermatology.wisc.edu.
authors: Vijaysaradhi
authors: V
authors: Setaluri
authors: Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 460 Henry Mall, Madison, WI 53706, USA. Electronic address: guna@wisc.edu.
authors: Sundaram
authors: S
authors: Gunasekaran
mesh_terms: D000906:Antibodies / Q000276:immunology; D055910:Antibodies, Immobilized / Q000276:immunology; D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000379:methods*; D056656:Lab-On-A-Chip Devices; D008545:Melanoma / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D046210:Microfluidic Analytical Techniques; D009360:Neoplastic Cells, Circulating / Q000276:immunology; D044102:Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D055910:Antibodies, Immobilized; D044102:Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 1; D006046:Gold
keywords: Circulating tumor cells (CTCs); Cyclic voltammetry; Electrochemical immunosensing; Melanoma
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