title: Hyperprolactinemia in Thai children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder treated with risperidone.
abstract: Hyperprolactinemia is a common adverse effect observed in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) during pharmacotherapy with risperidone. The main aim of this study was to investigate important clinical factors influencing the prolactin response in risperidone-treated Thai ASD. A total of 147 children and adolescents (127 males and 20 females) aged 3-19 years with ASD received risperidone treatment (0.10-6.00 mg/day) for up to 158 weeks. Prolactin levels were measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay. The clinical data of patients collected from medical records - age, weight, height, body mass index, dose of risperidone, duration of treatment, and drug-use pattern - were recorded. Hyperprolactinemia was observed in 66 of 147 (44.90%) subjects. Median prolactin level at the high doses (24.00, interquartile range [IQR] 14.30-29.20) of risperidone was significantly found to be higher than at the recommended (16.20, IQR 10.65-22.30) and low (11.70, IQR 7.51-16.50) doses of risperidone. There was no relationship between prolactin levels and duration of risperidone treatment. Dose-dependence is identified as a main factor associated with hyperprolactinemia in Thai children and adolescents with ASD treated with risperidone. This study suggests that risperidone treatment causes prolactin elevations and the effects of risperidone on prolactin are probably dose-related in pediatric patients.
authors: Division of Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand ; Laboratory for Pharmacogenomics, Somdech Phra Debaratana Medical Center (SDMC), Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors: Yaowaluck
authors: Y
authors: Hongkaew
authors: Yuwaprasart Waithayopathum Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Hospital, Department of Mental Health Services, Ministry of Public Health, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors: Nattawat
authors: N
authors: Ngamsamut
authors: Division of Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand ; Laboratory for Pharmacogenomics, Somdech Phra Debaratana Medical Center (SDMC), Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors: Apichaya
authors: A
authors: Puangpetch
authors: Division of Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand ; Laboratory for Pharmacogenomics, Somdech Phra Debaratana Medical Center (SDMC), Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors: Natchaya
authors: N
authors: Vanwong
authors: Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors: Pornpen
authors: P
authors: Srisawasdi
authors: Division of Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand ; Laboratory for Pharmacogenomics, Somdech Phra Debaratana Medical Center (SDMC), Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors: Montri
authors: M
authors: Chamnanphon
authors: Yuwaprasart Waithayopathum Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Hospital, Department of Mental Health Services, Ministry of Public Health, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors: Bhunnada
authors: B
authors: Chamkrachchangpada
authors: Yuwaprasart Waithayopathum Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Hospital, Department of Mental Health Services, Ministry of Public Health, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors: Teerarat
authors: T
authors: Tan-Kam
authors: Yuwaprasart Waithayopathum Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Hospital, Department of Mental Health Services, Ministry of Public Health, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors: Penkhae
authors: P
authors: Limsila
authors: Division of Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand ; Laboratory for Pharmacogenomics, Somdech Phra Debaratana Medical Center (SDMC), Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors: Chonlaphat
authors: C
authors: Sukasem
keywords: Thai; autism spectrum disorders; hyperprolactinemia; prolactin level; risperidone
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