title: Deletion of Shank1 has minimal effects on the molecular composition and function of glutamatergic afferent postsynapses in the mouse inner ear.
abstract: Shank proteins (1-3) are considered the master organizers of glutamatergic postsynaptic densities in the central nervous system, and the genetic deletion of either Shank1, 2, or 3 results in altered composition, form, and strength of glutamatergic postsynapses. To investigate the contribution of Shank proteins to glutamatergic afferent synapses of the inner ear and especially cochlea, we used immunofluorescence and quantitative real time PCR to determine the expression of Shank1, 2, and 3 in the cochlea. Because we found evidence for expression of Shank1 but not 2 and 3, we investigated the morphology, composition, and function of afferent postsynaptic densities from defined tonotopic regions in the cochlea of Shank1(-/-) mice. Using immunofluorescence, we identified subtle changes in the morphology and composition (but not number and localization) of cochlear afferent postsynaptic densities at the lower frequency region (8 kHz) in Shank1(-/-) mice compared to Shank1(+/+) littermates. However, we detected no differences in auditory brainstem responses at matching or higher frequencies. We also identified Shank1 in the vestibular afferent postsynaptic densities, but detected no differences in vestibular sensory evoked potentials in Shank1(-/-) mice compared to Shank1(+/+) littermates. This work suggests that Shank proteins play a different role in the development and maintenance of glutamatergic afferent synapses in the inner ear compared to the central nervous system.
authors: University of North Carolina Wilmington, Department of Biology and Marine Biology, 601 South College Road, Wilmington, NC 28403, USA.
authors: Jeremy P
authors: JP
authors: Braude
authors: University of Nebraska Lincoln, Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders, 304B Barkley Memorial Center, Lincoln, NE 68583-0738, USA.
authors: Sarath
authors: S
authors: Vijayakumar
authors: University of North Carolina Wilmington, Department of Biology and Marine Biology, 601 South College Road, Wilmington, NC 28403, USA.
authors: Katherine
authors: K
authors: Baumgarner
authors: University of North Carolina Wilmington, Department of Biology and Marine Biology, 601 South College Road, Wilmington, NC 28403, USA.
authors: Rebecca
authors: R
authors: Laurine
authors: University of Nebraska Lincoln, Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders, 304B Barkley Memorial Center, Lincoln, NE 68583-0738, USA.
authors: Timothy A
authors: TA
authors: Jones
authors: University of Nebraska Lincoln, Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders, 304B Barkley Memorial Center, Lincoln, NE 68583-0738, USA.
authors: Sherri M
authors: SM
authors: Jones
authors: University of North Carolina Wilmington, Department of Biology and Marine Biology, 601 South College Road, Wilmington, NC 28403, USA. Electronic address: s.pyott@umcg.nl.
authors: Sonja J
authors: SJ
authors: Pyott
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001306:Auditory Pathways / Q000378:metabolism*; D003051:Cochlea / Q000294:innervation; D007758:Ear, Inner / Q000378:metabolism*; D016057:Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem; D005838:Genotype; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D006199:Hair Cells, Auditory, Inner / Q000378:metabolism*; D057507:Mice, 129 Strain; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D009435:Synaptic Transmission; D013997:Time Factors; D058585:Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials; D014722:Vestibule, Labyrinth / Q000294:innervation
chemical_list: D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C512412:SHANK1 protein, mouse; C488222:Shank2 protein, mouse; C492356:Shank3 protein, mouse; D018698:Glutamic Acid
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