title: Overweight and Obesity in Southern Italy: their association with social and life-style characteristics and their effect on levels of biologic markers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In the last decades, overweight and obesity have been transformed from minor public health issues to a major threat to public health affecting the most affluent societies and also the less developed ones.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To estimate overweight-obesity prevalence in adults, their association with some social determinants and to assess the effect of these two conditions on levels of biologic and biochemical characteristics, by means of a population-based study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A random sample of the general population of Putignano was drawn. All participants completed a general pre-coded and a Food Frequency questionnaire; anthropometric measures were taken and a venous blood sample was drawn. All subjects underwent liver ultra-sonography. Data description was done by means of tables and then Quantile Regression was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall prevalence of overweight and obesity were 34.5% and 16.1% respectively. Both overweight and obesity were more frequent among male, married and low socio-economic position subjects. There were increasing frequencies of normal weight with higher levels of education. Overweight and obese subjects had more frequently Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Hypertension and altered biochemical markers. Quantile regression showed a statistically significant association of age with overweight and obesity (maximum about 64.8 yo), gender (female) and low levels of education in both overweight and obesity. More than 10 gr/day of wine intake was associated with overweight.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevention and treatment of overweight/obesity on a population wide basis are needed. Population-based strategies should also improve social and physical environmental contexts for healthful lifestyles.
authors: Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis" Via Turi 27, 70013, Castellana Grotte (BA), Italy.
authors: Alberto R
authors: AR
authors: Osella
authors: María Del Pilar
authors: Mdel P
authors: Díaz
authors: Rafaelle
authors: R
authors: Cozzolongo
authors: Caterina
authors: C
authors: Bonfiglio
authors: Isabella
authors: I
authors: Franco
authors: Daniela Isabel
authors: DI
authors: Abrescia
authors: Antonella
authors: A
authors: Bianco
authors: Elba Silvana
authors: ES
authors: Giampiero
authors: José
authors: J
authors: Petruzzi
authors: Lanzilota
authors: L
authors: Elsa
authors: Correale
authors: C
authors: Mario
authors: Anna María
authors: AM
authors: Mastrosimni
authors: Leandro
authors: L
authors: Giocchino
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000367:Age Factors; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology; D050177:Overweight / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol; D000410:Alanine Transaminase