title: Evaluation of a polynephron dialysis membrane considering new aspects of biocompatibility.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The biocompatibility of dialyzers may influence the inflammatory state of hemodialysis patients. This study compares the effect of a high-flux polynephron membrane with other high-flux membranes, helixone and polyamide, on some inflammation biomarkers based on the analysis of circulating mononuclear cells (MC).
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 47 patients on hemodialysis with helixone and polyamide; 9 formed the control group, without changes in their dialyzers throughout the study, and 38 formed the intervention group, in which their dialyzers were replaced by polynephron. In both groups, blood samples were taken at the beginning of the study before and after hemodialysis session, and at the end of the study 4 months later. In each extraction, biochemical parameters were determined, and MC isolated using Ficoll gradient. Production of reactive oxygen species and the percentage of activated MC (CD14+CD16+) were measured by flow cytometry, and protein levels of heat-shock proteins (Hsp70/Hsp90) studied by Western blot.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 1 hemodialysis session with different membranes, no significant differences were observed in the different parameters considered. After 4 months of dialysis with polynephron, a significant reduction in the percentage of CD14+CD16+ and in the β2-microglobulin reduction ratio were found, with respect to helixone and polyamide, without changes in the other parameters analyzed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of polynephron for 4 months reduces the percentage of CD14+CD16+ compared to helixone and polyamide, suggesting a better profile regarding activation of the inflammatory response. These findings could be explained by a better biocompatibility or an increased reduction of medium-sized toxic molecules.
authors: 2 Research Unit, Foundation for Biomedical Research, Príncipe de Asturias Hospital, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid - Spain.
authors: Patricia
authors: P
authors: Martínez-Miguel
authors: Patricia
authors: P
authors: de Sequera
authors: Marta
authors: M
authors: Albalate
authors: Diana
authors: D
authors: Medrano
authors: Rafael
authors: R
authors: Sánchez-Villanueva
authors: Alvaro
authors: A
authors: Molina
authors: Fernando
authors: F
authors: Sousa
authors: Jesús
authors: J
authors: Benito
authors: Jesús
authors: J
authors: Nuñez
authors: Carmen
authors: C
authors: Vozmediano
authors: Inés
authors: I
authors: Aragoncillo
authors: Guillermina
authors: G
authors: Barril
authors: Diego
authors: D
authors: Rodríguez-Puyol
authors: Rafael
authors: R
authors: Pérez-García
authors: Susana
authors: S
authors: López-Ongil
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008875:Middle Aged; D009757:Nylons; D011108:Polymers; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000097:blood; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013450:Sulfones; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D015415:Biomarkers; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D009757:Nylons; D011108:Polymers; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013450:Sulfones; C017662:polysulfone P 1700