title: Non-canonical regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase gamma isoform activity in retinal rod photoreceptor cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases (PI3Ks) are a family of lipid kinases that phosphorylate the D3-hydroxyls of the inositol ring of phosphoinositides, and are responsible for coordinating a diverse range of cellular functions. A canonical pathway of activation of PI3Ks through the interaction of RA-domain with Ras proteins has been well established. In retinal photoreceptors, we have identified a non-canonical pathway of PI3Kγ activation through the interaction of its RA-domain with a putative Ras-like domain (RLD) in alpha subunit of cyclic nucleotide-gated channel (CNGA1) in retinal rod photoreceptors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The interaction between PI3Kγ and CNGA1 does not appear to play a role in regulation of CNG channel activity, but PI3Kγ uses CNGA1 as an anchoring module to achieve close proximity to its substrate to generate D3-phosphoinositides.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our studies suggest a functional non-canonical PI3Kγ activation in retinal rod photoreceptor cells.
authors: Vivek K
authors: VK
authors: Gupta
authors: Ammaji
authors: A
authors: Rajala
authors: Raju V S
authors: RV
authors: Rajala
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D058544:Class Ib Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D054815:Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Cation Channels / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000502:physiology; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017948:Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: C518243:CNGA1 protein, human; C568128:CNGA1 protein, rat; C518242:Cnga1 protein, mouse; D054815:Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Cation Channels; D007527:Isoenzymes; D058544:Class Ib Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase; C546760:PIK3CG protein, human; C546765:Pik3cg protein, rat; C546764:Pik3cg protein, mouse
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