title: Effect of prolonged stress on the adrenal hormones of individuals with irritable bowel syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of prolonged stress on the salivary adrenal hormones (cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone [DHEA], DHEA-sulfate [DHEA-S]) of individuals with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
  
  
  METHODS
  The participants were female college students, including 10 with IBS and 16 without IBS (control group), who were scheduled for a 2-week teaching practice at a kindergarten. Participants were asked to collect saliva for determining adrenal hormones immediately and 30 min after awakening and before sleep, 2 weeks before the practice, the first week of the practice, the second week of the practice, and a few days after the practice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Regarding cortisol/DHEA ratio, significantly increased levels were found during the first week of the practice, and a significant interaction between group and time was found; the ratio at 30 min after awakening in the IBS group was higher than that in the control group. For the other adrenal hormone indexes, no significant differences due to the presence of IBS were found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Individuals with IBS showed an elevated cortisol/DHEA ratio after awakening compared with individuals without IBS, and the elevated ratio peaked under the prolonged stress. The present study suggests that the cortisol effect is dominant in individuals with IBS under prolonged stress.
authors: Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004 Japan.
authors: Nagisa
authors: N
authors: Sugaya
authors: Health Administration and Psychosocial Factor Research Group, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, 6-21-1 Nagao, Tama-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 214-8585 Japan.
authors: Shuhei
authors: S
authors: Izawa
authors: Department of Children Education, Tokai University Junior College, 101 Miyamaecho, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka 420-8511 Japan.
authors: Keisuke
authors: K
authors: Saito
authors: Faculty of Human Sciences, Musashino University, 3-3-3 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8181 Japan.
authors: Kentaro
authors: K
authors: Shirotsuki
authors: Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-1192 Japan.
authors: Shinobu
authors: S
authors: Nomura
authors: Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-1192 Japan.
authors: Hironori
authors: H
authors: Shimada
keywords: Cortisol; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Irritable bowel syndrome; Prolonged stress; Saliva
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