title: Oxidative stress and hypermethylation induced by exposure of Oreochromis niloticus to complex environmental mixtures of river water from Cubatão do Sul, Brazil.
abstract: In this study, we investigated the effects of oxidative stress and hypermethylation through lipid peroxidation and DNA methylation, respectively, in erythrocytes of Oreochromis niloticus exposed to environmental complex mixture of water from Cubatão do Sul River throughout the year. This river is the source of drinking water for the region of Florianópolis, the capital of Santa Catarina State, Brazil. Lipid peroxidation was quantified by the rate of malondialdehyde (MDA) formation, and DNA methylation was quantified by the rate of 5-methyldeoxycytosine (m(5)dC) formation. In all studied sites, the river water samples caused metabolic changes in O. niloticus. MDA formation rates were significantly different when compared to the negative control (except for samples from Site 1 during spring 2010, summer 2011 and fall 2011). All samples (except Site 1, spring 2010) induced increases in the m(5)dC formation rates, and at the end of the study, the values were near the values found in the positive control (potassium dichromate 2.5mg/L). The results showed that samples of environmental complex mixtures of water from Cubatão do Sul River are capable of inducing high levels of oxidative damage and hypermethylation in O. niloticus.
authors: Laboratório de Toxicologia Ambiental, LABTOX, Departamento de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, CEP: 88040-970 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
authors: Cristiane Funghetto
authors: CF
authors: Fuzinatto
authors: Laboratório de Toxicologia Ambiental, LABTOX, Departamento de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, CEP: 88040-970 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
authors: Letícia
authors: L
authors: Flohr
authors: Laboratório de Toxicologia Ambiental, LABTOX, Departamento de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, CEP: 88040-970 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
authors: Sílvia Pedroso
authors: SP
authors: Melegari
authors: Laboratório de Toxicologia Ambiental, LABTOX, Departamento de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, CEP: 88040-970 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil. Electronic address: william.g.matias@ufsc.br.
authors: William Gerson
authors: WG
authors: Matias
mesh_terms: D044503:5-Methylcytosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil; D023681:Cichlids / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019175:DNA Methylation / Q000187:drug effects*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: C065701:5-methyldeoxycytosine; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D044503:5-Methylcytosine
keywords: DNA methylation; Environmental complex mixture; Lipid peroxidation; Oreochromis niloticus; River water