title: Impairment of rumen biohydrogenation and bacteria of the Butyrivibrio group in the rumen of goats through a 20:5 n-3 (EPA) rich supplement.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Marine products can inhibit biohydrogenation in the rumen, but the mechanism is not clear. This study investigated a 20:5 n-3 rich supplement effects on rumen biohydrogenation, microbial change and fermentation characteristics in goats.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The supplementation decreased 18:0 proportions in rumen fatty acids (P < 0.001), while it increased cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) (P < 0.001) and trans-10, cis-12 CLA proportions (P < 0.001). The supplement reduced the number of Butyrivibrio spp. and B. proteoclasticus (P < 0.01). Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis redundancy analysis indicated that some species, mainly from the rumen of goats receiving the 2.5 and 5.0 g d(-1) supplement, were positively correlated with cis-9, trans-11 CLA proportions; some species, mainly from the rumen of control goats, were positively correlated with 18:0 proportions. The supplement reduced the NH3 -N concentrations and acetate molar proportions in the rumen (P < 0.05), but increased propionate and butyrate molar proportions (P < 0.01), and had no effect on total volatile fatty acid concentration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The supplement rich in 20:5 n-3 reduced the biohydrogenation of 18-carbon unsaturated fatty acids with a significant reduction of the 18:0 proportion and this was coupled with the suppression of the abundance of biohydrogenating bacteria and unknown bacteria.
authors: College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China.
authors: Xuejiao
authors: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5883-4129
authors: X
authors: Lv
authors: College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China.
authors: Shengyong
authors: S
authors: Mao
authors: College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China.
authors: Weiyun
authors: W
authors: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis*; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D045856:Butyrivibrio / Q000187:drug effects*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005285:Fermentation; D006041:Goats; D008297:Male; D012417:Rumen / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005227:Fatty Acids; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid
keywords: 20:5 n-3; biohydrogenation; goat; rumen microbe