title: Glycemic load and endometrial cancer risk in a case-control study of Canadian women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The evidence for a role of dietary carbohydrate intake with endometrial cancer risk is conflicting. We therefore evaluated the association between glycemic load (GL) and endometrial cancer in a population-based-case control study using a comprehensive quantitative food frequency questionnaire for the estimation of GL.
  
  
  METHODS
  Diet in the year before the reference date was assessed with the self-administered Canadian Diet History Questionnaire in 511 cases and 980 controls in Alberta, Canada between 2002 and 2006. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association between GL and endometrial cancer risk, with non-linearity evaluated by the examination of cubic splines.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The risk for endometrial cancer did not change based on GL (for the highest versus lowest quartile, adjusted odds ratio=0.87, 95% confidence interval=0.52-1.46), even after the removal of participants previously diagnosed with diabetes ((diabetics n cases=63, n controls=55 excluded) adjusted odds ratio=0.77, 95% confidence interval=0.44-1.36). We observed no evidence of effect modification by Body Mass Index (BMI)(p-interaction term=0.22).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intake of foods eliciting a glycemic response was not associated with endometrial cancer risk in this population of Canadian women.
authors: Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services-CancerControl Alberta, Calgary, AB, Canada.
authors: Darren R
authors: DR
authors: Brenner
authors: Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services-CancerControl Alberta, Calgary, AB, Canada.
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Speidel
authors: Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services-CancerControl Alberta, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
authors: Ilona
authors: I
authors: Csizmadi
authors: Division of Population, Public and Aboriginal Health, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada.
authors: Rita K
authors: RK
authors: Biel
authors: Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services-CancerControl Alberta, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
authors: Linda S
authors: LS
authors: Cook
authors: Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
authors: Kerry S
authors: KS
authors: Courneya
authors: Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services-CancerControl Alberta, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. Electronic address: christine.friedenreich@albertahealthservices.ca.
authors: Christine M
authors: CM
authors: Friedenreich
mesh_terms: D002170:Canada; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D000067940:Glycemic Load / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Carbohydrate intake; Case-control study; Endometrial cancer risk; Glycemic index