title: Effectiveness of PETTLEP imager on performance of passing skill in volleyball.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of PETTLEP-based imagery, and traditional imagery interventions, on performance of passing skill in volleyball.
  
  
  METHODS
  36 beginners male volleyball players (Mage =13.5 years, SD=0.55 years) with 5-6 months practice experience were randomly assigned to one of three groups: physical practice + PETTLEP imagery (PP+PI) (N.=15), physical practice + traditional imagery (N.=15), and physical practice only (PP; N.=15). Subjects in the PP+PI group applied the seven components of PETTLEP imagery training; whereas subjects in the PP+TI engaged in a relaxation session before imagery and used response laden motor imagery scripts. The two groups completed 15 minutes of imagery training followed immediately by 13 minutes of "passing" practice three times per week. The PP group completed only 13 minutes of "passing" practice three times per week. Each group performed its respective tasks for 7 weeks. A pre-test took place during the first practice session in which "passing" was assessed. After the 7-week practice program, a post-test took place followed by a retention test, one "no-practice" week later.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All groups improved significantly (P<0.05) from pre- to post-test and retention test. However, as hypothesised the PP+PI group improved more (P<0.05) than the PP+TI and PP groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings, therefore, support the effectiveness of PETTLEP imagery in enhancing performance of passing skill in volleyball when combined with physical practice.
authors: Young Researches and Elite Club, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran - m_afrozeh@yahoo.com.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Afrouzeh
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Sohrabi
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Haghkhan
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Rowshani
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Goharrokhi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D054874:Athletic Performance; D006801:Humans; D019018:Imagery, Psychotherapy; D008297:Male; D054798:Volleyball