title: Immunology and vaccines and nanovaccines for Helicobacter pylori infection.
abstract: Helicobacter pylori infection is very common worldwide and is an important cause of gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, and gastric adenocarcinoma. Since the eradication requires treatment with multidrug regimens, prevention of primary infection by a suitable vaccine is attractive. Developing vaccines on the spot when and where an infection is breaking out might be possible, thanks to engineered nanoparticles. In this review, the nature of the host immune response to H. pylori infection is considered. We explain recent candidate vaccines and prophylactic or therapeutic immunization strategies for use against H. pylori. We also describe identification of different types of immune responses that may be related to protection against H. pylori infection. Thus, it seems that there is still a strong need to clarify the main protective immune response against H. pylori.
authors: Liver and Gastrointestinal disease research center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors: Morteza
authors: M
authors: Milani
authors: Yaeghob
authors: Y
authors: Sharifi
authors: Mohammad
authors: M
authors: Rahmati-Yamchi
authors: Mohammad H
authors: MH
authors: Somi
authors: Abolfazl
authors: A
authors: Akbarzadeh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D055808:Drug Discovery / Q000639:trends; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D001428:Bacterial Vaccines
keywords: Helicobacter pylori; adenocarcinoma; immune response; infection; vaccines