title: Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Patients with Long-Term Remission of Cushing's Disease.
abstract: Glucocorticoid disturbance can be a cause of psychiatric symptoms. Cushing's disease represents a unique model for examining the effects of prolonged exposure to high levels of endogenous cortisol on the human brain as well as for examining the relation between these effects and psychiatric symptomatology. This study aimed to investigate resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) of the limbic network, the default mode network (DMN), and the executive control network in patients with long-term remission of Cushing's disease. RSFC of these three networks of interest was compared between patients in remission of Cushing's disease (n=24; 4 male, mean age=44.96 years) and matched healthy controls (n=24; 4 male, mean age=46.5 years), using probabilistic independent component analysis to extract the networks and a dual regression method to compare both groups. Psychological and cognitive functioning was assessed with validated questionnaires and interviews. In comparison with controls, patients with remission of Cushing's disease showed an increased RSFC between the limbic network and the subgenual subregion of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) as well as an increased RSFC of the DMN in the left lateral occipital cortex. However, these findings were not associated with psychiatric symptoms in the patient group. Our data indicate that previous exposure to hypercortisolism is related to persisting changes in brain function.
authors: 1] Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands [2] Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors: Steven J A
authors: SJ
authors: van der Werff
authors: 1] Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands [2] Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors: J Nienke
authors: JN
authors: Pannekoek
authors: 1] Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands [2] Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases and Center for Endocrine Tumors, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors: Cornelie D
authors: CD
authors: Andela
authors: 1] Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands [2] Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases and Center for Endocrine Tumors, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors: Onno C
authors: OC
authors: Meijer
authors: 1] Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands [2] Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors: Mark A
authors: MA
authors: van Buchem
authors: 1] Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands [2] Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands [3] Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors: Serge A R B
authors: SA
authors: Rombouts
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors: Roos C
authors: RC
authors: van der Mast
authors: 1] Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands [2] Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases and Center for Endocrine Tumors, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors: Nienke R
authors: NR
authors: Biermasz
authors: 1] Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands [2] Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases and Center for Endocrine Tumors, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors: Alberto M
authors: AM
authors: Pereira
authors: 1] Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands [2] Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors: Nic J A
authors: NJ
authors: van der Wee
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000473:pathology; D047748:Pituitary ACTH Hypersecretion / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012146:Rest / Q000502:physiology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D055815:Young Adult
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