title: Ruptured tubal pregnancy: predictors of delays in seeking and obtaining care in a Nigerian population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Morbidity and mortality from ruptured tubal pregnancies (RTPs) have been linked with delays in seeking and receiving care. Evaluation of the reasons for these delays and their contributions to maternal deaths is rarely done for women with RTPs in resource-constrained settings.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a 3-year retrospective review of the case records of women with tubal pregnancies managed at the Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. Clinical and sociodemographic parameters were obtained, including information on onset of symptoms and intervals between the symptoms and when help was sought and obtained at the hospital.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 92 cases of tubal pregnancies, giving an incidence of 18 per 1,000 births. Most of the patients were married (74.7%), parous (64.9%), and urban dwellers (76.9%), and 11% were severely anemic on arrival. The case-fatality rate was 1.1% and 74.7% had delay in seeking care, while 82.4% of the women spent more than 2 hours after admission before surgical intervention. Rural dwellers (adjusted odds ratio 2.96, 95% confidence interval 1.08-8.36) and those without formal education (adjusted odds ratio 6.39, 95% confidence interval 1.06-67.30) had delays in seeking help, while problems with funds (χ (2)=7.354, P=0.005) and initial misdiagnosis (χ (2)=5.824, P=0.018) predicted delay in obtaining help at the hospital.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RTPs are common gynecological emergencies in our environment that are often associated with delayed decisions to seek help and obtain care. Efforts should be geared toward women's education and financial independence, improved hospital accessibility, and better diagnostic skills.
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria.
authors: Jacob O
authors: JO
authors: Awoleke
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria.
authors: Abiodun I
authors: AI
authors: Adanikin
authors: School of Nursing, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria.
authors: Adeola O
authors: AO
authors: Awoleke
keywords: Nigeria; delay; health care; predictors; ruptured tubal pregnancies
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