title: Lung cancer screening: fourteen year experience of the Pamplona early detection program (P-IELCAP).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  European experience regarding lung cancer screening using low-dose chest CT (LDCT) is available. However, there is limited data on the Spanish experience in this matter. Our aim is to present the results from the longest ongoing screening program in Spain.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Pamplona International Early Lung Cancer Detection Program (P-IELCAP) is actively screening participants for lung cancer using LDCT since year 2000 following the IELCAP protocol, including spirometric assessments. Men and women, ≥40 years of age, current or former smokers with a tobacco history of ≥10 pack-years are included. Results are compared to those from other European trials.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 2989 participants were screened until March 2014 (73% male). A median of 2 (IQR 1-3) annual screening rounds were performed. Sixty lung cancers were detected in 53 participants (73% in StageI). Adenocarcinoma was the most frequent. The lung cancer prevalence and incidence proportion was 1.0% and 1.4%, respectively, with an annual detection rate of 0.41. The estimated 10-year survival rate among individuals with lung cancer was 70%. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and emphysema are important lung cancer predictors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The experience in Spain's longest lung cancer screening program is comparable to what has been described in the rest of Europe, and confirms the feasibility and efficacy of lung cancer screening using LDCT.
authors: Departamento de Neumología, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, España.
authors: Pablo
authors: P
authors: Sanchez-Salcedo
authors: Departamento de Neumología, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, España.
authors: Juan
authors: J
authors: Berto
authors: Departamento de Neumología, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, España.
authors: Juan P
authors: JP
authors: de-Torres
authors: Departamento de Neumología, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, España.
authors: Arantzazu
authors: A
authors: Campo
authors: Departamento de Neumología, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, España.
authors: Ana B
authors: AB
authors: Alcaide
authors: Departamento de Radiología, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, España.
authors: Gorka
authors: G
authors: Bastarrika
authors: Departamento de Radiología, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, España.
authors: Jesús C
authors: JC
authors: Pueyo
authors: Departamento de Radiología, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, España.
authors: Alberto
authors: A
authors: Villanueva
authors: Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, España.
authors: José I
authors: JI
authors: Echeveste
authors: Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, España.
authors: Maria D
authors: MD
authors: Lozano
authors: Departamento de Medicina Nuclear, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, España.
authors: María J
authors: MJ
authors: García-Velloso
authors: Departamento de Neumología, IIS - Fundación Jiménez Díaz, CIBERES, Madrid, España.
authors: Luis M
authors: LM
authors: Seijo
authors: Departamento de Neumología, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Madrid, España.
authors: Javier
authors: J
authors: García
authors: Departamento de Cirugía Torácica, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, España.
authors: Wenceslao
authors: W
authors: Torre
authors: Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada - CIMA, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, España.
authors: Maria J
authors: MJ
authors: Pajares
authors: Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada - CIMA, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, España.
authors: Ruben
authors: R
authors: Pío
authors: Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada - CIMA, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, España.
authors: Luis M
authors: LM
authors: Montuenga
authors: Departamento de Neumología, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, España. Electronic address: jzulueta@unav.es.
authors: Javier J
authors: JJ
authors: Zulueta
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D015397:Program Evaluation; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000453:epidemiology; D011656:Pulmonary Emphysema / Q000453:epidemiology; D012306:Risk; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D013147:Spirometry; D015996:Survival Rate; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Cribado de cáncer de pulmón; Emphysema; Enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica; Enfisema; España; LDCT; Lung cancer screening; Spain; TBDR