title: Relation between speckle decorrelation and optical phase conjugation (OPC)-based turbidity suppression through dynamic scattering media: a study on in vivo mouse skin.
abstract: Light scattering in biological tissue significantly limits the accessible depth for localized optical interrogation and deep-tissue optical imaging. This challenge can be overcome by exploiting the time-reversal property of optical phase conjugation (OPC) to reverse multiple scattering events or suppress turbidity. However, in living tissue, scatterers are highly movable and the movement can disrupt time-reversal symmetry when there is a latency in the OPC playback. In this paper, we show that the motion-induced degradation of the OPC turbidity-suppression effect through a dynamic scattering medium shares the same decorrelation time constant as that determined from speckle intensity autocorrelation - a popular conventional measure of scatterer movement. We investigated this decorrelation characteristic time through a 1.5-mm-thick dorsal skin flap of a living mouse and found that it ranges from 50 ms to 2.5 s depending on the level of immobilization. This study provides information on relevant time scales for applying OPC to living tissues.
authors: Department of Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, California, 91125 USA ; These authors contributed equally to this paper.
authors: Mooseok
authors: M
authors: Jang
authors: Department of Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, California, 91125 USA ; These authors contributed equally to this paper.
authors: Haowen
authors: H
authors: Ruan
authors: MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
authors: Ivo M
authors: IM
authors: Vellekoop
authors: NeuroCure Cluster of the German Excellence Initiative, Charité Berlin, Charitéplatz. 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
authors: Benjamin
authors: B
authors: Judkewitz
authors: Department of Medical System Engineering and School of Mechatornics, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712 South Korea ; Co corresponding authors: E.C. ( ogong50@gist.ac.kr ).
authors: Euiheon
authors: E
authors: Chung
authors: Department of Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, California, 91125 USA.
authors: Changhuei
authors: C
authors: Yang
keywords: (070.5040) Phase conjugation; (090.1995) Digital holography; (110.1080) Active or adaptive optics; (170.7050) Turbid media; (190.5040) Phase conjugation
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