title: The key components of Schwann cell-like differentiation medium and their effects on gene expression pattern of adipose-derived stem cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Schwann cell-like cells differentiated from adipose-derived stem cells may have an important role in peripheral nerve regeneration. Herein, we document the individual effects of growth factors in Schwann cell-like differentiation medium.
  
  
  METHODS
  There were 6 groups in the study. In the control group, we supplemented the rat adipose-derived stem cells with normal cell culture medium. In group 1, we fed the cells with Schwann cell-like differentiation medium (normal cell culture medium supplemented with platelet-derived growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor, forskolin, and glial growth factor). In the other groups, we removed the components of the medium one at a time from the differentiation medium so that group 2 lacked glial growth factor, group 3 lacked forskolin, group 4 lacked basic fibroblast growth factor, and group 5 lacked platelet-derived growth factor. We examined the expression of the Schwann cell-specific genes with quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence staining in each group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Groups 3 and 4, lacking forskolin and basic fibroblast growth factor, respectively, had the highest expression levels of integrin-β4, and p75. Group 1 showed a 3.2-fold increase in the expression of S100, but the expressions of integrin-β4 and p75 were significantly lower compared to groups 3 and 4. Group 2 [glial growth factor (-)] did not express significant levels of Schwann cell-specific genes. The gene expression profile in group 4 most closely resembled Schwann cells. Immunofluorescence staining results were parallel with the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Glial growth factor is a key component of Schwann cell-like differentiation medium.
authors: From the *Surgical Bioengineering Laboratory, and †Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA.
authors: Hakan
authors: H
authors: Orbay
authors: Christopher J
authors: CJ
authors: Little
authors: Lee
authors: L
authors: Lankford
authors: Christine A
authors: CA
authors: Olson
authors: David E
authors: DE
authors: Sahar
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology*; D000818:Animals; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000502:physiology*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012583:Schwann Cells / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins