title: Optimization of the anterior cruciate ligament injury prevention paradigm: novel feedback techniques to enhance motor learning and reduce injury risk.
abstract: Primary anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury prevention programs effectively reduce ACL injury risk in the short term. Despite these programs, ACL injury incidence is still high, making it imperative to continue to improve current prevention strategies. A potential limitation of current ACL injury prevention training may be a deficit in the transfer of conscious, optimal movement strategies rehearsed during training sessions to automatic movements required for athletic activities and unanticipated events on the field. Instructional strategies with an internal focus of attention have traditionally been utilized, but may not be optimal for the acquisition of the control of complex motor skills required for sports. Conversely, external-focus instructional strategies may enhance skill acquisition more efficiently and increase the transfer of improved motor skills to sports activities. The current article will present insights gained from the motor-learning domain that may enhance neuromuscular training programs via improved skill development and increased retention and transfer to sports activities, which may reduce ACL injury incidence in the long term.
authors: Center for Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
authors: Anne
authors: A
authors: Benjaminse
authors: Alli
authors: A
authors: Gokeler
authors: Ariel V
authors: AV
authors: Dowling
authors: Avery
authors: A
authors: Faigenbaum
authors: Kevin R
authors: KR
authors: Ford
authors: Timothy E
authors: TE
authors: Hewett
authors: James A
authors: JA
authors: Onate
authors: Bert
authors: B
authors: Otten
authors: Gregory D
authors: GD
authors: Myer
mesh_terms: D000070598:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001296:Audiovisual Aids; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D005246:Feedback; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007718:Knee Injuries / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007858:Learning; D008297:Male; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology*; D009068:Movement; D010806:Physical Education and Training / Q000379:methods*; D059385:Plyometric Exercise; D004856:Postural Balance; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: ACL; focus of attention; knee