title: Effect of Hangeshashinto on calprotectin expression in human oral epithelial cells.
abstract: Oral epithelial cells produce antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) to prevent microbial infection. Calprotectin (S100A8/S100A9) is one of these AMPs in oral epithelial cells, the expression of which is up-regulated by interleukin-1α (IL-1α). Hangeshashinto (HST) is a traditional Japanese herbal medicine that has anti-inflammatory effects. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of HST on the expression of calprotectin through the regulation of IL-1α in oral epithelial cells. Human oral epithelial cells (TR146) were cultured with HST in the presence or absence of anti-IL-1α antibody or IL-1 receptor antagonist, or with six major components of HST (3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, baicalin, ginsenoside Rb1, glycyrrhizin, oleanolic acid and berberine). The expression of S100A8, S100A9, other AMPs and cytokine mRNAs was examined by RT-PCR and quantitative real-time PCR. Calprotectin expression and IL-1α secretion were investigated by ELISA. HST (6 μg/ml) increased the expression of S100A8/S100A9 mRNAs and calprotectin protein, and also up-regulated β-defensin 2 (DEFB4) and S100A7 expression. The expression of IL-1α mRNA and its protein was slightly but significantly increased by HST. A neutralizing antibody against IL-1α and IL-1 receptor antagonist inhibited HST-up-regulated S100A8/S100A9 mRNA expression. Although 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, baicalin and ginsenoside Rb1 as HST components increased S100A8/S100A9 expression, oleanolic acid and berberine decreased their expression. These results suggest that HST increases the expression of calprotectin, DEFB4 and S100A7 in oral epithelial cells. In response to HST, up-regulation of calprotectin expression may be partially induced via IL-1α.
authors: Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8504, Japan.
authors: Yuka
authors: Y
authors: Hiroshima
authors: Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8504, Japan.
authors: Mika
authors: M
authors: Bando
authors: Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8504, Japan.
authors: Yuji
authors: Y
authors: Inagaki
authors: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan.
authors: Reiko
authors: R
authors: Kido
authors: Biomarker Analysis Research Group, Health Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Hayashi-cho 2217-14, Takamatsu, 761-0395, Japan.
authors: Masatoshi
authors: M
authors: Kataoka
authors: Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8504, Japan.
authors: Toshihiko
authors: T
authors: Nagata
authors: Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8504, Japan. kido.jun-ichi@tokushima-u.ac.jp.
authors: Jun-Ichi
authors: J
authors: Kido
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D053582:Interleukin-1alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D039841:Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex / Q000378:metabolism*; D008518:Medicine, East Asian Traditional; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D053582:Interleukin-1alpha; D039841:Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex; D028321:Plant Preparations
keywords: Antimicrobial peptides; Calprotectin; Epithelial cell; Hangeshashinto; Herbal medicine
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