title: Abnormalities in Expression of Structural, Barrier and Differentiation Related Proteins, and Chondroitin Sulfate in Feline and Human Interstitial Cystitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We analyzed the urothelium of cats diagnosed with feline interstitial cystitis to determine whether abnormalities in protein expression patterns could be detected and whether the expression pattern was similar to that in patients with human interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome. The proteins analyzed are involved in cell adhesion and barrier function, comprise the glycosaminoglycan layer or are differentiation markers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Formalin fixed biopsies from 8 cats with feline interstitial cystitis and from 7 healthy control cats were labeled by immunohistochemistry and scored with a modified version of a system previously used for human samples. Cluster analysis was performed to investigate relationships between markers and samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the feline interstitial cystitis bladders 89% showed abnormal protein expression and chondroitin sulfate patterns while only 27% of normal tissues showed slight abnormalities. Abnormalities were found in most feline interstitial cystitis samples, including biglycan in 87.5%, chondroitin sulfate, decorin, E-cadherin and keratin-20 in 100%, uroplakin in 50% and ZO-1 in 87.5%. In feline interstitial cystitis bladders about 75% of chondroitin sulfate, biglycan and decorin samples demonstrated absent luminal staining or no staining. Cluster analysis revealed that feline interstitial cystitis and normal samples could be clearly separated into 2 groups, showing that the urothelium of cats with feline interstitial cystitis is altered from normal urothelium.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Feline interstitial cystitis produces changes in luminal glycosaminoglycan and several proteins similar to that in patients, suggesting some commonality in mechanism. Results support the use of feline interstitial cystitis as a model of human interstitial cystitis.
authors: Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
authors: Paul J
authors: PJ
authors: Hauser
authors: Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
authors: Samuel B
authors: SB
authors: VanGordon
authors: Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; General Surgery Department, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors: Jonathan
authors: J
authors: Seavey
authors: Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Murfreesboro Medical Clinic and Surgicenter, Murfreesboro, Tennessee.
authors: Troy M
authors: TM
authors: Sofinowski
authors: Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
authors: Mohammad
authors: M
authors: Ramadan
authors: Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
authors: Shivon
authors: S
authors: Abdullah
authors: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
authors: C A Tony
authors: CA
authors: Buffington
authors: Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. Electronic address: Robert-hurst@ouhsc.edu.
authors: Robert E
authors: RE
authors: Hurst
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002415:Cats; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D018856:Cystitis, Interstitial / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D019459:Urothelium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D011506:Proteins; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates
keywords: animal; biological markers; cats; cystitis; interstitial; models; urinary bladder
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