title: An intrinsic microRNA timer regulates progressive decline in shoot regenerative capacity in plants.
abstract: Plant cells are totipotent and competent to regenerate from differentiated organs. It has been shown that two phytohormones, auxin and cytokinin, play critical roles within this process. As in animals, the regenerative capacity declines with age in plants, but the molecular basis for this phenomenon remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate that an age-regulated microRNA, miR156, regulates shoot regenerative capacity. As a plant ages, the gradual increase in miR156-targeted SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE (SPL) transcription factors leads to the progressive decline in shoot regenerative capacity. In old plants, SPL reduces shoot regenerative capacity by attenuating the cytokinin response through binding with the B-type ARABIDOPSIS RESPONSE REGULATORs, which encode the transcriptional activators in the cytokinin signaling pathway. Consistently, the increased amount of exogenous cytokinin complements the reduced shoot regenerative capacity in old plants. Therefore, the recruitment of age cues in response to cytokinin contributes to shoot regenerative competence.
authors: National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China.
authors: Tian-Qi
authors: TQ
authors: Zhang
authors: National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China.
authors: Heng
authors: H
authors: Lian
authors: National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China.
authors: Hongbo
authors: H
authors: Tang
authors: Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 83 Umeå, Sweden Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors: Karel
authors: K
authors: Dolezal
authors: National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China.
authors: Chuan-Miao
authors: CM
authors: Zhou
authors: National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China.
authors: Sha
authors: S
authors: Yu
authors: National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China.
authors: Juan-Hua
authors: JH
authors: Chen
authors: National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China.
authors: Qi
authors: Q
authors: Chen
authors: National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China.
authors: Hongtao
authors: H
authors: Liu
authors: Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 83 Umeå, Sweden.
authors: Karin
authors: K
authors: Ljung
authors: National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China jwwang@sibs.ac.cn.
authors: Jia-Wei
authors: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3885-6296
authors: JW
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D003583:Cytokinins / Q000494:pharmacology; D017343:Genes, Plant; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D012038:Regeneration / Q000235:genetics*; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D003583:Cytokinins; D035683:MicroRNAs; D010940:Plant Proteins
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