title: Cullin1 is a novel prognostic marker and regulates the cell proliferation and metastasis in colorectal cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the precise function of Cullin1 (CUL1) in colorectal cancer (CRC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemistry was performed to test the expression of CUL1 on a CRC tissue microarray containing the tumor and corresponding normal tissues. Simultaneously, the correlation of CUL1 expression with clinicopathological parameters and survival was evaluated. CUL1 was over-expressed or knocked down in HCT116 and SW480 cells, then the cell proliferation, migration and invasion assays in vitro and in vivo were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study, we found that CUL1 expression was significantly up-regulated in CRC compared with normal colon tissues. High CUL1 expression was positively associated with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.007) and tumor diameter (P = 0.052). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that high CUL1 expression was an independent unfavorable prognostic factor for CRC patients (HR = 13.9, 95% confidence interval = 5.89-32.6, P < 0.001). Moreover, we found that CUL1 over-expression induced CRC cell proliferation and the growth of xenografts in nude mice via the changing of cell-cycle proteins. In addition, increased CUL1 expression in CRC cells significantly promoted cell migration and invasion abilities in vitro and peritoneal metastasis in vivo through inducing high expression of MMPs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings imply that CUL1 may serve as promising prognostic markers in CRC patients.
authors: Department of Oncology, Yixing People's Hospital, 75 Zhenguan Road, Yixing, 214200, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
authors: Weimin
authors: W
authors: Wang
authors: Yansu
authors: Y
authors: Chen
authors: Jianliang
authors: J
authors: Deng
authors: Jianping
authors: J
authors: Zhou
authors: Xiancheng
authors: X
authors: Gu
authors: Yuehua
authors: Y
authors: Tang
authors: Guoqiang
authors: G
authors: Zhang
authors: Yongfei
authors: Y
authors: Tan
authors: Zhijun
authors: Z
authors: Ge
authors: Yulin
authors: Y
authors: Huang
authors: Shouyu
authors: S
authors: Wang
authors: Jianwei
authors: J
authors: Zhou
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Zhou
authors: Sujun
authors: S
authors: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D048708:Cell Growth Processes / Q000502:physiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D044842:Cullin Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D045325:HCT116 Cells; D064593:Heterografts; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D010534:Peritoneal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000556:secondary; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C100318:Cullin 1; D044842:Cullin Proteins
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