title: Culture temperature affects redifferentiation and cartilaginous extracellular matrix formation in dedifferentiated human chondrocytes.
abstract: To date, there have been few studies on how temperature affects the phenotype and metabolism of human chondrocytes. Thus, the purpose of this study was to elucidate the effects of culture temperature on chondrocyte redifferentiation and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation using dedifferentiated mature human chondrocytes in vitro. Dedifferentiated chondrocytes were cultured in a pellet culture system for up to 21 days. The pellets were randomly divided into three groups with different culture temperature (32, 37, and 41°C). Chondrocyte redifferentiation and ECM formation were evaluated by wet weight, messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA), histological, and biochemical analyses. The results showed that the wet weight and the mRNA expressions of collagen type II A1 and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein at 37°C were higher than the corresponding values at 32°C. The histological and biochemical analyses revealed that the syntheses of type II collagen and proteoglycan were promoted at 37°C compared to those at 32°C, whereas they were considerably inhibited at 41°C. In conclusion, the results obtained herein indicated that temperature affects chondrocyte redifferentiation and ECM formation, and modulation of temperature might thus represent an advantageous means to regulate the phenotype and biosynthetic activity of chondrocytes.
authors: Department of Motor Function Analysis, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Akira
authors: A
authors: Ito
authors: Tomoki
authors: T
authors: Aoyama
authors: Hirotaka
authors: H
authors: Iijima
authors: Junichi
authors: J
authors: Tajino
authors: Momoko
authors: M
authors: Nagai
authors: Shoki
authors: S
authors: Yamaguchi
authors: Xiangkai
authors: X
authors: Zhang
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Kuroki
mesh_terms: D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D054337:Cell Dedifferentiation; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D013696:Temperature; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D004247:DNA
keywords: chondrocyte; differentiation; extracellular matrix; pellet culture; temperature