title: Infection prevention and mass vaccination training for U.S. point of dispensing staff and volunteers: a national study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Points of dispensing (PODs) are deployed for medical countermeasure mass dispensing. However, infection prevention and vaccine administration pre-event training offered and just-in-time (JIT) education planned for POD workers have not been assessed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Disaster planners were sent an online questionnaire in 2013. McNemar tests compared training offered to staff versus volunteers and pre-event training versus JIT training.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 301 disaster planners participated. The most frequent pre-event training included hand hygiene (59.1% and 28.0%) and personal protective equipment (PPE) selection (52.1% and 24.1%) for staff and volunteers, respectively. Few provided pre-event training on the cold chain technique (14.8% and 5.1%) or smallpox vaccine administration (4.7% and 2.3%) for staff or volunteers. For all topics except smallpox vaccine administration, more staff than volunteers received pre-event training (P < .01). The most frequent planned JIT training includes hand hygiene (79.8% and 73.5%) and PPE selection (79.4% and 70.0%) to staff and volunteers. For all topics, more JIT education is planned for staff than volunteers (P < .001). More JIT training is planned than has been given pre-event for all topics (P < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  More pre-event training is needed on infection prevention and vaccine administration to ensure safe and successful POD deployment.
authors: Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Institute for Biosecurity, College for Public Health & Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St Louis, MO. Electronic address: rebmannt@slu.edu.
authors: Terri
authors: T
authors: Rebmann
authors: Department of Biostatistics, College for Public Health & Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St Louis, MO.
authors: Travis M
authors: TM
authors: Loux
authors: Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Institute for Biosecurity, College for Public Health & Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St Louis, MO.
authors: Thomas K
authors: TK
authors: Zink
authors: Oregon Military Department, Oregon Office of Emergency Management, Portland, OR.
authors: Zachary
authors: Z
authors: Swick
authors: Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Institute for Biosecurity, College for Public Health & Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St Louis, MO.
authors: Mary
authors: M
authors: Wakefield
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002959:Civil Defense / Q000193:education / Q000379:methods*; D054597:Disaster Medicine / Q000193:education / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017053:Infection Control / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D032541:Mass Vaccination / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008875:Middle Aged; D012034:Refrigeration / Q000379:methods; D012899:Smallpox; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States; D014612:Vaccines / Q000600:supply & distribution*; D014838:Volunteers; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014612:Vaccines
keywords: Anthrax; Bioterrorism; Disaster; Mass dispensing; Pandemic; Preparedness; Smallpox; Vaccine