title: Mitochondria thioredoxin's backup role in oxidative stress resistance in Trichoderma reesei.
abstract: Microorganisms often suffer from oxidative stress created from nutrient starvation and environmental changes. Thioredoxin (Trx) and glutathione (GSH) pathways are believed critical in related protective functions. The roles of Trx in improving abiotic stress resistance in Trichoderma reesei are still unclear. In this study, we identified a Trx-encoding gene, Trtrx1. The protein expressed located specifically in the mitochondria as verified by the fluorescence signals of TrTRX1-EGFP. TrTRX1 can catalyze the reduction of insulin disulfides by dithiothreitol (DTT). Loss of Trtrx1 however, did not lead to either significant morphology abnormality under normal and oxidative stress condition, or detectable difference in reactive oxygen species (ROS) resistance. The unchanged GSH amount in Trtrx1 deletion strain under normal condition and slight increase under oxidative stress condition, as well as the interplay between Trx and GSH systems suggested that GSH system was dominant and sufficient to maintain the mitochondrial redox state in T. reesei, where TrTRX1 played a role as the backup oxidative stress resistance.
authors: Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Biosystem and Bioprocess Engineering, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, PR China; University of Chinese Academy Sciences, 19A, Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China.
authors: Guokun
authors: G
authors: Wang
authors: Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Biosystem and Bioprocess Engineering, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, PR China.
authors: Haijun
authors: H
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6120, USA.
authors: Xiaochao
authors: X
authors: Xiong
authors: Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Biosystem and Bioprocess Engineering, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, PR China.
authors: Shulin
authors: S
authors: Chen
authors: Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Biosystem and Bioprocess Engineering, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, PR China. Electronic address: zhang_dy@tib.cas.cn.
authors: Dongyuan
authors: D
authors: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D005978:Glutathione; D006706:Homeostasis; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D021381:Protein Transport; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013879:Thioredoxins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014242:Trichoderma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013879:Thioredoxins; D005978:Glutathione
keywords: Glutathione; Mitochondria; Reactive oxygen species; Thioredoxin; Trichoderma reesei