title: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and bacterial pneumonia in patients with Parkinson disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To evaluate the association of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers with pneumonia development in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).
  
  
  METHODS
  The study cohort consisted of patients aged 50 years or older who were initially diagnosed with PD and had hypertension. We assessed the patients' exposure statuses and accumulated doses of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers. We then evaluated the risk of pneumonia development in the patients who were exposed to these drugs and those who were not.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We examined 2,310 patients. During the observation period, 608 patients developed pneumonia. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors were associated with a lower risk of pneumonia. This association was dose-dependent.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor use was associated with a dose-dependent reduction in the risk of pneumonia in patients with PD and hypertension.
authors: Department of Neurology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors: Han-Cheng
authors: HC
authors: Wang
authors: Che-Chen
authors: CC
authors: Lin
authors: Chi-Ieong
authors: CI
authors: Lau
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: Chang
authors: Chia-Hung
authors: CH
authors: Kao
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009313:National Health Programs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D018410:Pneumonia, Bacterial / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013624:Taiwan
chemical_list: D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
keywords: Parkinson's disease; angiotensin II receptor blockers; angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; hypertension; pneumonia