title: Design of an inorganic dual-paste apatite cement using cation exchange.
abstract: The use of hydraulic calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) as bone substitute is impaired by their relatively poor handling due to the need to mix a powder and a liquid during surgery. The aim of the present study was to assess the possibility to design CPCs as inorganic dual-paste cements, where both pastes would be stable for years, but would react as soon as they are mixed together. Results showed that aqueous pastes of α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) powder could be stabilized for up to a year at room temperature by the use of 0.1 M Mg chloride solution. Adding a calcium chloride solution in a 1:4 volume ratio activated α-TCP pastes provided the Ca/Mg ratio was larger than one. Mechanistic investigations suggest that Ca ions can displace Mg cations adsorbed at the surface of α-TCP particles to initiate α-TCP transformation to calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite and concomitant paste hardening. The compressive strength (29 MPa) was similar to that of commercial formulations (5-80 MPa). Other divalent cations (Ba, Ni, Sr) had a similar effect although with a different degree of efficacy.
authors: RMS Foundation, Bischmattstrasse 12, 2544, Bettlach, Switzerland, marc.bohner@rms-foundation.ch.
authors: Marc
authors: M
authors: Bohner
authors: Hanna
authors: H
authors: Tiainen
authors: Pascal
authors: P
authors: Michel
authors: Nicola
authors: N
authors: Döbelin
mesh_terms: D000268:Adhesiveness; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D002412:Cations; D019245:Compressive Strength; D015195:Drug Design; D004355:Drug Stability; D006244:Hardness; D007287:Inorganic Chemicals / Q000737:chemistry*; D008422:Materials Testing; D009824:Ointments; D011208:Powders
chemical_list: D001843:Bone Cements; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D002412:Cations; D007287:Inorganic Chemicals; D009824:Ointments; D011208:Powders; C485828:alpha-tricalcium phosphate
references: J Colloid Interface Sci. 1997 Jul 15;191(2):407-15
references: 9268524
references: Biomaterials. 2005 Jun;26(16):2787-94
references: 15603774
references: J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2003 Nov 15;67(2):689-96
references: 14598395
references: J Colloid Interface Sci. 1999 Dec 15;220(2):324-328
references: 10607448
references: Biomaterials. 2004 May;25(11):2187-95
references: 14741634
references: Bone. 1999 Aug;25(2 Suppl):35S-39S
references: 10458272
references: J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2000 Jun;11(6):365-71
references: 15348018
references: Calcif Tissue Int. 2001 Sep;69(3):121-9
references: 11683526
references: Lancet. 2006 Jun 17;367(9527):2010-8
references: 16782492
references: J Biomed Mater Res. 1997 Sep 5;36(3):306-14
references: 9260101
references: Biomaterials. 1998 Dec;19(23):2209-17
references: 9884062
references: Acta Biomater. 2014 Sep;10(9):3931-41
references: 24681375
references: Acta Biomater. 2008 Jul;4(4):773-82
references: 18348912
references: Calcif Tissue Int. 1992 Aug;51(2):143-50
references: 1422954
references: Acta Biomater. 2006 May;2(3):343-8
references: 16701893
references: J Biomed Mater Res. 2000 May;50(2):178-83
references: 10679682
references: Biomaterials. 2004 Feb;25(4):741-9
references: 14607514
references: J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2010 May;93(2):436-41
references: 20127991
references: Chem Rev. 2008 Nov;108(11):4628-69
references: 18816145
references: Tissue Eng Part A. 2009 Jul;15(7):1601-9
references: 19182977
references: J Biomed Mater Res. 1998 Apr;40(1):139-44
references: 9511108
references: J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2007 Aug;82(2):494-505
references: 17279565
references: Eur Cell Mater. 2010 Jul 01;20:1-12
references: 20574942
references: Acta Biomater. 2009 Nov;5(9):3524-35
references: 19470412
references: Acta Biomater. 2009 Sep;5(7):2752-62
references: 19357005
references: J Phys Condens Matter. 2010 Sep 29;22(38):384210
references: 21386544
references: J Inorg Biochem. 2008 Feb;102(2):311-7
references: 17981337
references: Injury. 2011 Sep;42 Suppl 2:S30-4
references: 21839446