title: The differentiation of tuna (family: Scombridae) products through the PCR-based analysis of the cytochrome b gene and parvalbumin introns.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In spite of the many studies performed over the years, there are still problems in the authentication of closely related tuna species, not only for canned fish but also for raw products. With the aim of providing screening methods to identify different tuna species and related scombrids, segments of mitochondrial cytochrome b (cyt b) and nuclear parvalbumin genes were amplified and sequenced or subjected to single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The nucleotide diagnostic sites in the cyt b gene of five tuna species from Indonesia were determined in this study and used to construct a phylogenetic tree. In addition, the suitability of the nuclear gene that encodes parvalbumin for the differentiation of tuna species was determined by SSCP and RFLP analyses of an intron segment. RFLP differentiated Thunnus albacares and from T. obesus, and fish species in the Thunnus genus could be distinguished from bullet tuna (Auxis rochei) by SSCP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Parvalbumin-based polymerase chain reaction systems could serve as an additional tool in the detection and identification of tuna and other Scombridae fish species for routine seafood control. This reaction can be performed in addition to the cyt b analysis as previously described.
authors: Department of Safety and Quality of Milk and Fish Products, Max Rubner Institute, 22767, Hamburg, Germany.|Department of Aquatic Product Technology, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia.
authors: Asadatun
authors: A
authors: Abdullah
authors: Department of Safety and Quality of Milk and Fish Products, Max Rubner Institute, 22767, Hamburg, Germany.
authors: Hartmut
authors: H
authors: Rehbein
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045303:Cytochromes b / Q000235:genetics*; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D005396:Fish Products; D007438:Introns / Q000235:genetics*; D010320:Parvalbumins / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D013045:Species Specificity; D014413:Tuna / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D010320:Parvalbumins; D004247:DNA; D045303:Cytochromes b
keywords: Thunnus; cytochrome b; intron; parvalbumin gene; species identification