title: Lifetime History of Depression Predicts Increased Amyloid-β Accumulation in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment.
abstract: Mounting evidence associates a lifetime history of major depression (LMD) with an increased risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Studies have shown that major depression (MD) is strongly linked to pathophysiological markers of AD, such as cortical amyloid-β (Aβ) burden. However, no imaging studies have shown in vivo whether an LMD is linked to increased Aβ accumulation in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in four cortical regions that have been highly associated with increased Aβ deposition in previous literature: frontal, cingulate, parietal, and temporal. Drawing from the ADNI database, we found that patients with amnestic MCI (aMCI) and an LMD (n = 39) had significantly higher 18F-Florbetapir standardized uptake value ratios, a surrogate measure of Aβ deposition, mainly in the bilateral frontal cortex, compared to patients with aMCI without an LMD (n = 39) (p = 0.02). This difference was not explained by current depressive symptoms, vascular risk factors, or the use of different PET scanners. The results were reliable employing two independent methods for analysis: region-of-interest and voxel-based analyses. Increased Aβ in the bilateral frontal lobes may be a biomarker of depressive symptomology in aMCI patients. Further studies should test whether higher Aβ predicts future conversion into AD in this population.
authors: Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada Multimodal Imaging Group - Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.
authors: Jun Ku
authors: JK
authors: Chung
authors: Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada Multimodal Imaging Group - Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.
authors: Eric
authors: E
authors: Plitman
authors: Multimodal Imaging Group - Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan Geriatric Mental Health Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.
authors: Shinichiro
authors: S
authors: Nakajima
authors: Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada Geriatric Mental Health Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.
authors: Tiffany W
authors: TW
authors: Chow
authors: Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Department of Psychiatry and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors: M Mallar
authors: MM
authors: Chakravarty
authors: Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada Multimodal Imaging Group - Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.
authors: Fernando
authors: F
authors: Caravaggio
authors: Multimodal Imaging Group - Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada Geriatric Mental Health Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.
authors: Philip
authors: P
authors: Gerretsen
authors: Multimodal Imaging Group - Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
authors: Eric E
authors: EE
authors: Brown
authors: Multimodal Imaging Group - Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Yusuke
authors: Y
authors: Iwata
authors: Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
authors: Benoit H
authors: BH
authors: Mulsant
authors: Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada Multimodal Imaging Group - Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan Geriatric Mental Health Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.
authors: Ariel
authors: A
authors: Graff-Guerrero
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000378:metabolism*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4 / Q000235:genetics; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D016208:Databases, Factual; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18
keywords: Alzheimer's disease; amyloid-β; major depression; mild cognitive impairment; positron emission tomography
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