title: Minireview: Autophagy in pancreatic β-cells and its implication in diabetes.
abstract: Autophagy is a conserved system for the degradation of cytoplasmic proteins and organelles. During insulin resistance, in which insulin secretion is enhanced and β-cell mass is increased owing to changes in the expression and function of various proteins in pancreatic β-cells, autophagic activity appears to also be enhanced to adapt to the dynamic changes occurring in β-cells. Indeed, defective autophagy in β-cells recapitulates several features that are observed in islets during the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. In addition, the dyregulation of autophagic activity appears to occur in the β-cells of type 2 diabetic model mice and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. These lines of evidence suggest that autophagic failure may be implicated in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this review, we summarized the recent findings regarding how autophagy in β-cells is regulated and how dysfunction of the autophagic machinery may lead to the dysfunction of β-cells.
authors: Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology (H.W., Y.F.), Centers for Molecular Diabetology (H.W., Y.F.) and Therapeutic Innovations in Diabetes (H.W.), and Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)-CREST Program (Y.F.), Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
authors: Hirotaka
authors: H
authors: Watada
authors: Yoshio
authors: Y
authors: Fujitani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001343:Autophagy; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000473:pathology*; D059865:Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D063306:Mitophagy
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids
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