title: The spectrum of the non-rapid eye movement sleep electroencephalogram following total sleep deprivation is trait-like.
abstract: The sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) spectrum is unique to an individual and stable across multiple baseline recordings. The aim of this study was to examine whether the sleep EEG spectrum exhibits the same stable characteristics after acute total sleep deprivation. Polysomnography (PSG) was recorded in 20 healthy adults across consecutive sleep periods. Three nights of baseline sleep [12 h time in bed (TIB)] following 12 h of wakefulness were interleaved with three nights of recovery sleep (12 h TIB) following 36 h of sustained wakefulness. Spectral analysis of the non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep EEG (C3LM derivation) was used to calculate power in 0.25 Hz frequency bins between 0.75 and 16.0 Hz. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated to assess stable individual differences for baseline and recovery night spectra separately and combined. ICCs were high across all frequencies for baseline and recovery and for baseline and recovery combined. These results show that the spectrum of the NREM sleep EEG is substantially different among individuals, highly stable within individuals and robust to an experimental challenge (i.e. sleep deprivation) known to have considerable impact on the NREM sleep EEG. These findings indicate that the NREM sleep EEG represents a trait.
authors: Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.|University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.|Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
authors: Leila
authors: L
authors: Tarokh
authors: Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Rusterholz
authors: Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.|Neuroscience Center, University and ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.|Zürich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.|Zürich Center for Interdisciplinary Sleep Research, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Achermann
authors: Sleep and Performance Research Center, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA.
authors: Hans P A
authors: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4678-2971
authors: HP
authors: Van Dongen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005260:Female; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010641:Phenotype; D017286:Polysomnography; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014851:Wakefulness / Q000502:physiology
keywords: inter-individual variability; phenotype; polysomnography; power spectrum; sleep homeostasis; variance components