title: The efficacy of isotonic and hypotonic intravenous maintenance fluid for pediatric patients: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to analyze the effect of isotonic versus hypotonic solution as intravenous maintenance fluid on level of plasma sodium in hospitalized children.
  
  
  METHODS
  A fully recursive literature search in May 2013 was conducted in PubMed and EMBASE to identify potentially relevant randomized controlled trials. Jadad score and allocation concealment were adopted to evaluate the methodological quality of each trial. RevMan5.2 was used for statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight randomized controlled trials with 752 patients were included. Combined analysis showed a significant lower risk of hyponatremia with isotonic solution (odds ratio, 0.36; 95% confidence interval, 0.26-0.51). The isotonic intravenous maintenance did not increase the possibility of hypernatremia (odds ratio, 0.86; 95% confidence interval, 0.36-2.06).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The meta-analysis revealed that there was potential risk of hyponatremia for routine infusion of hypotonic maintenance fluid. The use of isotonic solution was warranted in hospitalized pediatric patients.
authors: From the Department of Pediatric Surgery, *West China Hospital of Sichuan University, †Center of Children Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
authors: Gang
authors: G
authors: Yang
authors: Wenjun
authors: W
authors: Jiang
authors: Xuejun
authors: X
authors: Wang
authors: Wenying
authors: W
authors: Liu
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D005440:Fluid Therapy; D006801:Humans; D007010:Hyponatremia / Q000209:etiology; D007038:Hypotonic Solutions / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007552:Isotonic Solutions / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
chemical_list: D007038:Hypotonic Solutions; D007552:Isotonic Solutions