title: Assessment of hyperactive reflexes in patients with spinal cord injury.
abstract: Hyperactive reflexes are commonly observed in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) but there is a lack of convenient and quantitative characterizations. Patellar tendon reflexes were examined in nine SCI patients and ten healthy control subjects by tapping the tendon using a hand-held instrumented hammer at various knee flexion angles, and the tapping force, quadriceps EMG, and knee extension torque were measured to characterize patellar tendon reflexes quantitatively in terms of the tendon reflex gain (G tr), contraction rate (R c ), and reflex loop time delay (t d ). It was found that there are significant increases in G tr and R c and decrease in t d in patients with spinal cord injury as compared to the controls (P < 0.05). This study presented a convenient and quantitative method to evaluate reflex excitability and muscle contraction dynamics. With proper simplifications, it can potentially be used for quantitative diagnosis and outcome evaluations of hyperreflexia in clinical settings.
authors: Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, 345 E. Superior Street, Room 1406, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
authors: Dali
authors: 0000-0002-7012-8638
authors: D
authors: Xu
authors: Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, 345 E. Superior Street, Room 1406, Chicago, IL 60611, USA ; Department of Automation, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China.
authors: Xin
authors: 0000-0002-9137-909X
authors: X
authors: Guo
authors: Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
authors: Chung-Yong
authors: CY
authors: Yang
authors: Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, 345 E. Superior Street, Room 1406, Chicago, IL 60611, USA ; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA ; Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA ; Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA ; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northshore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL 60201, USA.
authors: Li-Qun
authors: 0000-0001-5882-7965
authors: LQ
authors: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D012026:Reflex, Stretch / Q000502:physiology*; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013997:Time Factors
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