title: Characterization and selection of biochar for an efficient retention of tricyclazole in a flooded alluvial paddy soil.
abstract: Biochars, from different organic residues, are increasingly proposed as soil amendments for their agronomic and environmental benefits. A systematic detection method that correlates biochar properties to their abilities to adsorb organic compounds is still lacking. Seven biochars obtained after pyrolysis at different temperatures and from different feedstock (alperujo compost, rice hull, and woody debris), were characterized and tested to reveal potential remedial forms for pesticide capture in flooded soils. Biochar properties were determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, specific surface area (SSA) assessment and scanning electron microscopy. In addition, dissolved organic matter (DOM) from these biochars was extracted and quantified in order to evaluate the effect on pesticide sorption. The biochars from alperujo compost presented very high affinity to the fungicide tricyclazole (55.9, 83.5, and 90.3% for B1, B4, and B5, respectively). This affinity was positively correlated with the pyrolysis temperature, the pH, the increased SSA of the biochars, and the enhanced aromaticity. Sorptive capacities were negatively related to DOM contents. The amendment with a mixture of compost and biochar endows the alluvial soil with high sorptive properties (from K(fads(soil)) = 9.26 to K(fads(mixture)) = 17.89) without impeding the slow release of tricyclazole.
authors: Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS-CSIC), P.O. Box 1052, 41080 Seville, Spain. Electronic address: mgarcia@irnas.csic.es.
authors: Manuel
authors: M
authors: García-Jaramillo
authors: Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS-CSIC), P.O. Box 1052, 41080 Seville, Spain.
authors: Lucía
authors: L
authors: Cox
authors: Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS-CSIC), P.O. Box 1052, 41080 Seville, Spain.
authors: Heike E
authors: HE
authors: Knicker
authors: Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS-CSIC), P.O. Box 1052, 41080 Seville, Spain.
authors: Juan
authors: J
authors: Cornejo
authors: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, Saint Paul 55108, MN, USA.
authors: Kurt A
authors: KA
authors: Spokas
authors: Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS-CSIC), P.O. Box 1052, 41080 Seville, Spain.
authors: M Carmen
authors: MC
authors: Hermosín
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D002606:Charcoal / Q000737:chemistry*; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods; D055868:Floods; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000737:chemistry*; D012275:Oryza; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D013844:Thiazoles; C540010:biochar; D002606:Charcoal; C041191:tricyclazole
keywords: (13)C NMR spectroscopy; Adsorption; Dissolved organic matter;; Fungicide; Polarity index; Specific surface area