title: Inhibitory effect of maple syrup on the cell growth and invasion of human colorectal cancer cells.
abstract: Maple syrup is a natural sweetener consumed by individuals of all ages throughout the world. Maple syrup contains not only carbohydrates such as sucrose but also various components such as organic acids, amino acids, vitamins and phenolic compounds. Recent studies have shown that these phenolic compounds in maple syrup may possess various activities such as decreasing the blood glucose level and an anticancer effect. In this study, we examined the effect of three types of maple syrup, classified by color, on the cell proliferation, migration and invasion of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells in order to investigate whether the maple syrup is suitable as a phytomedicine for cancer treatment. CRC cells that were administered maple syrup showed significantly lower growth rates than cells that were administered sucrose. In addition, administration of maple syrup to CRC cells caused inhibition of cell invasion, while there was no effect on cell migration. Administration of maple syrup clearly inhibited AKT phosphorylation, while there was no effect on ERK phosphorylation. These data suggest that maple syrup might inhibit cell proliferation and invasion through suppression of AKT activation and be suitable as a phytomedicine for CRC treatment, with fewer adverse effects than traditional chemotherapy.
authors: Pathological and Biomolecule Analyses Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kinki University, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
authors: Tetsushi
authors: T
authors: Yamamoto
authors: Pathological and Biomolecule Analyses Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kinki University, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
authors: Kentaro
authors: K
authors: Uemura
authors: Pathological and Biomolecule Analyses Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kinki University, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
authors: Kaho
authors: K
authors: Moriyama
authors: Pathological and Biomolecule Analyses Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kinki University, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
authors: Kuniko
authors: K
authors: Mitamura
authors: Pathological and Biomolecule Analyses Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kinki University, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
authors: Atsushi
authors: A
authors: Taga
mesh_terms: D031002:Acer / Q000737:chemistry; D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology*; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D003106:Colon / Q000166:cytology; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational / Q000187:drug effects; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D013395:Sucrose / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013395:Sucrose; C494918:AKT1 protein, human; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases
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