title: [Social support versus chosen health status indicators in primary care patients].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purposes of our study were to determine the level of total social support, informational support, instrumental support, appraisal support and emotional support received by patients of primary care as well as factors related to this level with reference to health status and sociodemographic variables.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample for current analysis included 516 patients of primary care clinics in Poland cooperating with medical universities. Questionnaires: STAI (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory), SCL-90 (Symptom Checklist-90), EPQ-R (Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised), GHQ (General Health Questionnaire)and SSS (Social Support Scale)were used in the study. Results from last two questionnaires are presented in the paper.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The highest mean levels were obtained for instrumental support, while the lowest levels were observed for emotional support. The highest means were indicated in the GHQ-28-social dysfunction, the lowest-GHQ-severe depression. Statistically significant relation was found between the level of social support and gender. Less subjectively evaluated total social support as well as instrumental and appraisal support were obtained by women. The highest Spearman score was found in the case of total GHQ-28 score, somatic symptoms, anxiety and insomnia, severe depression and total support. Taking into account the ANOVA findings, it was observed that an increasing GHQ score was associated with intensively increasing emotional support, informative support, appraisal support and the most- instrumental support.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results display the underestimated role of emotional, informational and appraisal support and the overestimated role of instrumental support in primary care. The consequence may be a more frequent using health care accompanied by low level of patients' satisfaction, severity of social dysfunction disorders, particularly in patients with chronic diseases, who constitute an increasingly large group of primary health care.
authors: Donata
authors: D
authors: Kurpas
authors: Patryk
authors: P
authors: Piotrowski
authors: Doininik
authors: D
authors: Marciniak
authors: Maja
authors: M
authors: Kasprzak
authors: Bożena
authors: B
authors: MroczekS
authors: Aneta
authors: A
authors: Nitsch-Osuchi
authors: Krzysztof
authors: K
authors: Kasssolik
authors: Beata
authors: B
authors: Karakiewicz
authors: Dorota
authors: D
authors: Bielska
authors: Andrzej
authors: A
authors: Kiejna
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001007:Anxiety / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D011044:Poland / Q000453:epidemiology; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012944:Social Support; D055815:Young Adult