title: Further improving the cognitive effect profile of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT): the case for studying carbamylated erythropoietin.
abstract: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) remains the most effective acute treatment for severe depression and several other psychiatric illnesses. However, its use has been limited by concerns about cognitive adverse effects. ECT may cause temporary cognitive impairment in some patients, typically anterograde amnesia for 1-2 weeks after a course of treatment, and circumscribed retrograde amnesia. These cognitive effects largely disappear within days to weeks after treatment. Efforts to find a pharmacological agent to reduce the cognitive effects of ECT have largely been unsuccessful, with the possible exception of thyroid hormone. We review the literature on pharmacological attempts to attenuate ECT's cognitive effects, and propose a novel neuroprotective and neurotrophic agent, carbamylated erythropoietin (CEPO), for this indication.
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, United States. Electronic address: charles.kellner@mssm.edu.
authors: C H
authors: CH
authors: Kellner
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, United States.
authors: D A
authors: DA
authors: Adams
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, United States.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Benferhat
mesh_terms: D020324:Amnesia, Anterograde / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D003863:Depression / Q000628:therapy*; D004565:Electroconvulsive Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods*; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D013963:Thyroid Hormones; C488171:carbamylated erythropoietin; D004921:Erythropoietin