title: Risk of diabetes mellitus among patients with myasthenia gravis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the risk of diabetes mellitus (DM) in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) in a large cohort representing 99% of the Taiwan population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database were used to conduct retrospective cohort analyses. The study cohort comprised 1520 patients with MG who were four-fold frequency matched to those without MG by age and sex, and assigned the same index year. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was conducted to estimate the risk of DM.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The MG cohort had a 1.26-fold increased risk of developing DM compared with the comparison cohort (HR=1.26, 95% CI=1.04-1.53). MG patients without corticosteroids use had no increased risk of developing DM (HR=1.05, 95% CI=0.79-1.40), and MG patients with corticosteroids use had a 1.46-fold increased risk of developing DM (HR=1.46, 95%=1.15-1.86). In addition, patients with MG received aggressive treatment, associated thyroid diseases, and male patients had higher risk of DM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This population-based retrospective cohort study demonstrates that MG is associated with a high risk of DM, which might be related to the adverse effect of corticosteroid and aggressive therapy.
authors: Department of Neurology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.|School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
authors: J-H
authors: JH
authors: Yeh
authors: Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors: H-J
authors: HJ
authors: Chen
authors: Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors: C-C
authors: CC
authors: Lin
authors: School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.|Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors: Y-K
authors: YK
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Neurology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.|School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
authors: H-C
authors: HC
authors: Chiu
authors: Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine Science and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.|Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors: C-H
authors: CH
authors: Kao
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000009:adverse effects; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009157:Myasthenia Gravis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones
keywords: corticosteroid; diabetes mellitus; epidemiology; myasthenia gravis