title: Disability, quality of life, personality, cognitive and psychological variables associated with fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the associations between function, quality of life, personality, cognitive and psychological outcomes with fatigue in patients with MS.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and eight patients (54% women) with definite MS participated. MS-related fatigue was assessed with the Fatigue Impact Scale (FIS). Demographic and clinical data (weight, height, medication and history of pain), specific disease outcomes (Functional Assessment of Multiple Sclerosis/FAMS), general disease outcomes (Beck Depression Inventory/BDI-II, and Short-Form Health Survey 36/SF-36) and personality (NEO Five-Factor Inventory/NEOFFI) were assessed. Correlation and regression analyses were performed to determine associations between variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant positive correlation existed between the FIS and EDSS (r=0.190; P<0.05). Significant negative correlations between the FIS with specific disease (FAMS mobility: r=-0.333, P<0.01; FAMS symptoms: r=-0.443, P<0.01; FAMS emotional well-being: r=-0.412, P<0.01; FAMS general contentment: r=-0.325, P<. 01; and, FAMS thinking/fatigue: r=-0.706, P<0.01); general disease (all domains SF36: -0.508<r<-0.302; P<0.01); and personality (NEOFFI neuroticism: r=-0.39, P<0.01; agreeableness: r=-0.206, P<0.05; conscientiousness: r=-0.279, P<0.01) were also observed. Stepwise regression analyses revealed that FAMS thinking/fatigue, physical function (SF-36) and FAMS emotional well-being explained 62.5% of the variance in fatigue (r2=0.652; r2 adjusted=0.625; F=23.774; P<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study indicates that MS-related fatigue shows an impact on physical, cognitive and emotional aspects in this population.
authors: Department of Psychology, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain.
authors: J J
authors: JJ
authors: Fernández-Muñoz
authors: Department of Psychology, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Morón-Verdasco
authors: Department of Psychology, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Cigarán-Méndez
authors: Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain.
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Muñoz-Hellín
authors: Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Pérez-de-Heredia-Torres
authors: Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Fernández-de-las-Peñas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003071:Cognition; D005221:Fatigue / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010551:Personality; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D012044:Regression Analysis
keywords: disability; fatigue; multiple sclerosis; personality; quality of life