title: Acceptance noise level: effects of the speech signal, babble, and listener language.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The acceptable noise level (ANL) measure has gained much research/clinical interest in recent years. The present study examined how the characteristics of the speech signal and the babble used in the measure may affect the ANL in listeners with different native languages.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen English monolingual, 16 Russian-English bilingual, and 24 Spanish-English bilingual listeners participated. The ANL was obtained in eight conditions varying in the language of the signal (English and Spanish), language of the babble (English and Spanish), and number of talkers in the babble (4 and 12). Test conditions were randomized across listeners. The ANL for each condition was based on a minimum of two trials.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Russian-English bilinguals yielded higher ANLs than other listeners; the intergroup difference of 4-5 dB was statistically and clinically significant. Spanish signals yielded significantly higher ANLs than English signals, but this difference of 0.5 dB was clinically negligible. The language and composition of the babble had a significant effect on Russian-English bilinguals, who yielded higher ANLs with the Spanish than English 12-talker babble.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The above findings do not fully support the notion that the ANL is language- and population-independent. Clinicians should be aware of possible effects on ANL measures due to listeners' linguistic/cultural background.
authors: Lu-Feng
authors: LF
authors: Shi
authors: Gabrielly
authors: G
authors: Azcona
authors: Lupe
authors: L
authors: Buten
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation / Q000379:methods*; D000328:Adult; D001309:Auditory Threshold; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D019303:Multilingualism; D009622:Noise; D010470:Perceptual Masking; D059629:Signal-To-Noise Ratio; D013060:Speech; D013067:Speech Perception; D055815:Young Adult