title: Improved Efficacy of a Dendritic Cell-Based Vaccine against a Murine Model of Colon Cancer: The Helper Protein Effect.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Targeted immunotherapy using dendritic cells (DCs) has been employed in numerous investigations aiming at combating neoplasms. We previously showed that copulsing of an antigen with a helper protein could considerably enhance antigen presenting capacity of ex vivo-generated DCs. In this study, we attempted to administer an effective treatment in a murine model of colon cancer with DCs pulsed with the mixture of a tumor-specific gp70-derived peptide (AH1) and a helper protein, ovalbumin (OVA).
  
  
  METHODS
  First, the presence of gp70 in CT26 tumor cells and tumor tissues was verified using immunofluorescence and Western blot analyses. Next, DCs were purified from normal mice, loaded ex vivowith AH1 and OVA (DC-Pep-OVA), and injected into tumor-bearing mice. Tumor volume, in vitro antigen (Ag)-specific proliferation of splenic cells, and survival rate were measured to determine the efficacy of DC-Pep-OVA. As the control groups, tumor-bearing mice were vaccinated with DC-Pep, unpulsed DC, and DCs loaded with a mixture of OVA and an irrelevant peptide (P15), or were not vaccinated at all.
  
  
  RESULTS
  DC-Pep-OVA showed superior efficacy over other groups, as indicated by smaller tumor volume, higher Ag-specific proliferation rate of splenic cells, and prolonged survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall, in the present study we showed for the first time that DCs copulsed with AH1 (tumor Ag) and OVA (helper molecule) could be considered as potentially robust weapons for use in future antitumor immunotherapies.
authors: Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran ; Immunology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Amir-Hassan
authors: AH
authors: Zarnani
authors: Department of Immunology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Monireh
authors: M
authors: Torabi-Rahvar
authors: Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Mahmood
authors: M
authors: Bozorgmehr
authors: Independent Research Consultant, Toronto, Canada.
authors: Mehri
authors: M
authors: Zareie
authors: Department of Immunology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Nazanin
authors: N
authors: Mojtabavi
keywords: Dendritic cells; Helper protein; Immunotherapy; Neoplasms; Vaccination
references: Placenta. 2011 Sep;32(9):657-64
references: 21764449
references: Cancer Res. 2001 Mar 15;61(6):2618-24
references: 11289139
references: Histochem Cell Biol. 2006 Aug;126(2):275-82
references: 16607536
references: Nat Rev Cancer. 2012 Mar 22;12(4):237-51
references: 22437869
references: Fertil Steril. 2010 May 15;93(8):2738-43
references: 19896660
references: Eur J Immunol. 2001 Jun;31(6):1780-9
references: 11385623
references: Transfus Med Rev. 2004 Jul;18(3):189-202
references: 15248169
references: Eur J Immunol. 2004 May;34(5):1272-81
references: 15114660
references: Drug Discov Today. 2011 Aug;16(15-16):733-40
references: 21558016
references: J Immunother. 2009 May;32(4):325-32
references: 19342973
references: Nat Rev Immunol. 2012 Mar 22;12(4):269-81
references: 22437939
references: Fertil Steril. 2008 Sep;90(3):781-8
references: 17482607
references: Cancer Res. 2006 Jun 1;66(11):5910-8
references: 16740731
references: Infect Immun. 2001 Sep;69(9):5716-25
references: 11500448
references: Nat Rev Cancer. 2012 Mar 22;12(4):265-77
references: 22437871
references: Nat Rev Cancer. 2012 Mar 22;12(4):278-87
references: 22437872
references: Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2012 May;61(5):739-45
references: 22350069
references: Immunol Invest. 2010 Jan;39(2):114-31
references: 20136619
references: Vaccine. 2003 Feb 14;21(9-10):869-76
references: 12547596
references: Blood. 2002 Mar 1;99(5):1517-26
references: 11861263
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Apr 3;104(14):5983-8
references: 17389359
references: J Immunol. 2000 May 1;164(9):4797-803
references: 10779787
references: Infect Immun. 2003 Apr;71(4):1740-7
references: 12654787
references: Annu Rev Immunol. 2012;30:1-22
references: 22136168