title: Factors affecting pancreatic hyperamylasemia in patients undergoing peroral single-balloon enteroscopy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Acute pancreatitis following balloon-assisted enteroscopy is a rare but serious complication. The causative mechanism is uncertain and prevention strategies are not established. We conducted a retrospective study to clarify the risk factors for pancreatic hyperamylasemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-four patients undergoing peroral single-balloon enteroscopy (SBE) were enrolled in this study. Serum pancreatic and salivary amylase levels were measured 2 h after endoscopic examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We experienced three patients with post-SBE pancreatitis. Factors predicting pancreatic hyperamylasemia were: (i) elderly patients; (ii) deeper insertion; and (iii) clockwise insertion. In contrast, younger age at examination was a significant factor observed in salivary hyperamylasemia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is important to measure pancreatic amylase and not total amylase after SBE. When carrying out peroral SBE, the distance of insertion should be reduced especially if the scope traces a clockwise loop or the subject is elderly.
authors: Comprehensive Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
authors: Tomoyuki
authors: T
authors: Tsujikawa
authors: Department of Gastroenterology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
authors: Shigeki
authors: S
authors: Bamba
authors: Department of Gastroenterology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
authors: Osamu
authors: O
authors: Inatomi
authors: Department of Gastroenterology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Hasegawa
authors: Division of Endoscopy, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
authors: Hiromitsu
authors: H
authors: Ban
authors: Department of Gastroenterology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
authors: Atsushi
authors: A
authors: Nishida
authors: Department of Gastroenterology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
authors: Hirotsugu
authors: H
authors: Imaeda
authors: Comprehensive Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
authors: Akihiko
authors: A
authors: Itoh
authors: Comprehensive Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
authors: Takao
authors: T
authors: Saotome
authors: Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shiga University of Medical Science Hospital, Otsu, Japan.
authors: Masaya
authors: M
authors: Sasaki
authors: Department of Gastroenterology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
authors: Akira
authors: A
authors: Andoh
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000681:Amylases / Q000097:blood; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015331:Cohort Studies; D020776:Endoscopes, Gastrointestinal; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D034321:Hyperamylasemia / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D057605:Natural Orifice Endoscopic Surgery / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000681:Amylases
keywords: acute pancreatitis; hyperamylasemia; oral insertion; risk factors; single-balloon enteroscopy