title: Hippocampal structure and human cognition: key role of spatial processing and evidence supporting the efficiency hypothesis in females.
abstract: Here we apply a method for automated segmentation of the hippocampus in 3D high-resolution structural brain MRI scans. One hundred and four healthy young adults completed twenty one tasks measuring abstract, verbal, and spatial intelligence, along with working memory, executive control, attention, and processing speed. After permutation tests corrected for multiple comparisons across vertices (p< .05) significant relationships were found for spatial intelligence, spatial working memory, and spatial executive control. Interactions with sex revealed significant relationships with the general factor of intelligence (g), along with abstract and spatial intelligence. These correlations were mainly positive for males but negative for females, which might support the efficiency hypothesis in women. Verbal intelligence, attention, and processing speed were not related to hippocampal structural differences.
authors: Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid (SPAIN) and Fundación CIEN-Fundación Reina Sofía, C/ Valderrebollo, 5, 28031, Madrid (SPAIN).
authors: Roberto
authors: R
authors: Colom
authors: Laboratory of Neuroimaging (LONI), UCLA School of Medicine, 635 Charles E. Young Drive South, Suite 225, Los Angeles, CA 90095-7334 (USA).
authors: Jason L
authors: JL
authors: Stein
authors: Laboratory of Neuroimaging (LONI), UCLA School of Medicine, 635 Charles E. Young Drive South, Suite 225, Los Angeles, CA 90095-7334 (USA).
authors: Priya
authors: P
authors: Rajagopalan
authors: Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid (SPAIN) and Fundación CIEN-Fundación Reina Sofía, C/ Valderrebollo, 5, 28031, Madrid (SPAIN).
authors: Kenia
authors: K
authors: Martínez
authors: Laboratory of Neuroimaging (LONI), UCLA School of Medicine, 635 Charles E. Young Drive South, Suite 225, Los Angeles, CA 90095-7334 (USA).
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Hermel
authors: Laboratory of Neuroimaging (LONI), UCLA School of Medicine, 635 Charles E. Young Drive South, Suite 225, Los Angeles, CA 90095-7334 (USA).
authors: Yalin
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: Hospital Ruber Internacional-Fundación CIEN-Fundación Reina Sofía, C/ Valderrebollo, 5, 28031, Madrid (SPAIN).
authors: Juan
authors: J
authors: Álvarez-Linera
authors: Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid (SPAIN) and Fundación CIEN-Fundación Reina Sofía, C/ Valderrebollo, 5, 28031, Madrid (SPAIN).
authors: Miguel
authors: M
authors: Burgaleta
authors: Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Campus de Somosaguas, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid (SPAIN).
authors: M Ángeles
authors: MÁ
authors: Quiroga
authors: Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid (SPAIN) and Fundación CIEN-Fundación Reina Sofía, C/ Valderrebollo, 5, 28031, Madrid (SPAIN).
authors: Pei Chun
authors: PC
authors: Shih
authors: Laboratory of Neuroimaging (LONI), UCLA School of Medicine, 635 Charles E. Young Drive South, Suite 225, Los Angeles, CA 90095-7334 (USA).
authors: Paul M
authors: PM
authors: Thompson
keywords: Attention; Executive control; Hippocampus; Intelligence; Processing speed; Sex differences; Working memory
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