title: Listeria monocytogenes as a cause of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: a rare entity.
abstract: Listeria is an uncommon cause of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) in the United States. Listeria should be suspected as a cause of SBP when the patient has diphtheria-like organisms on ascitic/blood cultures, iron overload/hemochromatosis, exposure to farm animals, or poor response to empiric therapy within 48-72 h. Diagnosis of SBP is made if the ascitic fluid shows polymorphonuclear cell count >250 cells/mm(3) without an intra-abdominal source of infection. Ampicillin with or without an aminoglycoside is the treatment of choice. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is recommended for prophylaxis in patients with a previous episode of Listeria SBP.
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Reading Health System, West Reading, PA, USA.
authors: Bilal
authors: B
authors: Shaikh
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Reading Health System, West Reading, PA, USA; ranjanrp@gmail.com.
authors: Ranjan
authors: R
authors: Pathak
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Reading Health System, West Reading, PA, USA.
authors: Naba Raj
authors: NR
authors: Mainali
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Reading Health System, West Reading, PA, USA.
authors: Shobhit
authors: S
authors: Gupta
keywords: Listeria monocytogenes; ampicillin; cirrhosis; spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
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