title: Barkley's Parent Training Program, Working Memory Training and their Combination for Children with ADHD: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the current study was to examine the effectiveness of Barkley's parent training program, working memory training and the combination of these two interventions for children with Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, 36 participants with ADHD (aged 6 to 12 years) were selected by convenience sampling. Revision of the Swanson, Nolan and Pelham (SNAP) questionnaire (SNAP-IV), Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and clinical interviews were employed to diagnose ADHD. Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth Edition was also implemented. The participants were randomly assigned to the three intervention groups of Barkley's parent training program, working memory training and the combined group. SNAP-IV and CBCL were used as pre-tests and post-tests across all three groups. Data were analyzed using MANCOVA (SPSS version18).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a significant difference (p< 0.05) in the decline of attention deficit and hyperactivity /impulsivity symptoms between the combined treatment group and working memory training group and also between the combined treatment group and the parent training group in SNAP. In terms of attention problems (experience-based subscales) of CBCL, there was a significant difference (p< 0.001) between the combined treatment group and working memory training group. Furthermore, compared to the working memory training and parent training groups, the combined group demonstrated a significant decline (p< 0.01) in clinical symptoms of ADHD (based on DSM).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It was revealed that combined treatment in comparison with the other two methods suppressed the clinical symptoms of ADHD more significantly.
authors: Tarbiat modares university,of Tehran, Iran.
authors: Zahra
authors: Z
authors: Hosainzadeh Maleki
authors: Ferdowsi university of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
authors: Ali
authors: A
authors: Mashhadi
authors: Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Ibn-e-Sina Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors: Atefeh
authors: A
authors: Soltanifar
authors: Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Ibn-e-Sina Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors: Fatemeh
authors: F
authors: Moharreri
authors: Ferdowsi university of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
authors: Ali
authors: A
authors: Ghanaei Ghamanabad
keywords: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); Combined treatment; Parent training program; Working memory training
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