title: Environmental temperature and stocking density effects on acute phase proteins, heat shock protein 70, circulating corticosterone and performance in broiler chickens.
abstract: An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of different stocking densities on serum corticosterone (CORT), ovotransferrin (OVT), α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) and ceruloplasmin (CP) concentrations, brain heat shock protein (HSP) 70 expression and performance in broiler chickens exposed to unheated and heated conditions. Day-old chicks were stocked at 0.100 m(2)/bird (low density (LD)) or 0.063 m(2)/bird (high density (HD)), in battery cages and housed in environmentally controlled rooms. From 21 to 35 days of age, birds from each stocking density group were exposed to either 24 or 32 °C. Growth performance was recorded during the heat treatment period, and blood and brain samples were collected to determine CORT, OVT, AGP, CP and HSP 70 levels on day 35. Heat treatment but not stocking density was detrimental to growth performance. There were significant temperature × density interactions for CORT, CP and OVT on day 35. Although HD elevated CORT, CP and OVT when compared to LD, the effects of the former were more obvious under heated condition. Both temperature and density had significant effect on AGP and HSP 70. In conclusion, irrespective of temperature, high stocking density was physiologically stressful to broiler chickens, as indicated by CORT, AGP, CP, OVT and HSP 70, but not detrimental to growth performance and survivability. As it was shown in the present study, AGP, CP and OVT could be useful biomarkers to determine the effect of overcrowding and high temperature on the welfare of broiler chickens.
authors: Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors: Pardis
authors: P
authors: Najafi
authors: Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. zulidrus@upm.edu.my.|Department of Animal Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. zulidrus@upm.edu.my.
authors: Idrus
authors: I
authors: Zulkifli
authors: Department of Animal Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors: Nurfarahin Amat
authors: NA
authors: Jajuli
authors: Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors: Abdoreza Soleimani
authors: AS
authors: Farjam
authors: Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors: Suriya Kumari
authors: SK
authors: Ramiah
authors: Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors: Anna Aryani
authors: AA
authors: Amir
authors: Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Bearsden Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK.
authors: Emily
authors: E
authors: O'Reily
authors: Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Bearsden Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK.
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Eckersall
mesh_terms: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D000822:Animal Husbandry / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D002645:Chickens / Q000097:blood / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000097:blood*; D004777:Environment; D005260:Female; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D003345:Corticosterone
keywords: Acute phase proteins; Broiler chickens; Heat shock protein; Heat stress; Stocking density
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