title: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation in the United Kingdom: temporal trends, predictors of outcome, and 6-year follow-up: a report from the UK Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI) Registry, 2007 to 2012.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We assessed trends in the performance of transcatheter aortic valve implantation in the United Kingdom from the first case in 2007 to the end of 2012. We analyzed changes in case mix, complications, outcomes to 6 years, and predictors of mortality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Annual cohorts were examined. Mortality outcomes were analyzed in the 92% of patients from England and Wales for whom independent mortality tracking was available. A total of 3980 transcatheter aortic valve implantation procedures were performed. In successive years, there was an increase in frequency of impaired left ventricular function, but there was no change in Logistic EuroSCORE. Overall 30-day mortality was 6.3%; it was highest in the first cohort (2007-2008), after which there were no further significant changes. One-year survival was 81.7%, falling to 37.3% at 6 years. Discharge by day 5 rose from 16.7% in 2007 and 2008 to 28% in 2012. The only multivariate preprocedural predictor of 30-day mortality was Logistic EuroSCORE ≥40. During long-term follow-up, multivariate predictors of mortality were preprocedural atrial fibrillation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, creatinine >200 μmol/L, diabetes mellitus, and coronary artery disease. The strongest independent procedural predictor of long-term mortality was periprocedural stroke (hazard ratio=3.00; P<0.0001). Nonfemoral access and postprocedural aortic regurgitation were also significant predictors of adverse outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We analyzed transcatheter aortic valve implantation in an entire country, with follow-up over 6 years. Although clinical profiles of enrolled patients remained unchanged, longer-term outcomes improved, and patients were discharged earlier. Periprocedural stroke, nonfemoral access, and postprocedural aortic regurgitation are predictors of adverse outcome, along with intrinsic patient risk factors.
authors: From Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK (P.F.L.); Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital, London, UK (N.M., A.D.); James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK (M.A.d.B.); Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, UK (D.J.B.); Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK (W.B.); Kings College Hospital, London, UK (P.A.M., O.W.); National Institute for Cardiovascular Outcome Research, London, UK (D.C., D.M.); Sussex Cardiac Centre, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals, Brighton, UK (D.H.-S., U.T.); St. Thomas's Hospital, London, UK (C.P.Y.); Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital NHS Trust, Leicester, UK (J.K., T.S.); Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK (N.G.U.); West Midlands Public Health England Centre, Birmingham, UK (J.H.); and University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK (H.G.) peter.ludman@uhb.nhs.uk.
authors: Peter F
authors: PF
authors: Ludman
authors: From Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK (P.F.L.); Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital, London, UK (N.M., A.D.); James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK (M.A.d.B.); Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, UK (D.J.B.); Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK (W.B.); Kings College Hospital, London, UK (P.A.M., O.W.); National Institute for Cardiovascular Outcome Research, London, UK (D.C., D.M.); Sussex Cardiac Centre, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals, Brighton, UK (D.H.-S., U.T.); St. Thomas's Hospital, London, UK (C.P.Y.); Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital NHS Trust, Leicester, UK (J.K., T.S.); Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK (N.G.U.); West Midlands Public Health England Centre, Birmingham, UK (J.H.); and University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK (H.G.).
authors: Neil
authors: N
authors: Moat
authors: From Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK (P.F.L.); Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital, London, UK (N.M., A.D.); James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK (M.A.d.B.); Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, UK (D.J.B.); Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK (W.B.); Kings College Hospital, London, UK (P.A.M., O.W.); National Institute for Cardiovascular Outcome Research, London, UK (D.C., D.M.); Sussex Cardiac Centre, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals, Brighton, UK (D.H.-S., U.T.); St. Thomas's Hospital, London, UK (C.P.Y.); Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital NHS Trust, Leicester, UK (J.K., T.S.); Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK (N.G.U.); West Midlands Public Health England Centre, Birmingham, UK (J.H.); and University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK (H.G.).
authors: Mark A
authors: MA
authors: de Belder
authors: From Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK (P.F.L.); Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital, London, UK (N.M., A.D.); James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK (M.A.d.B.); Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, UK (D.J.B.); Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK (W.B.); Kings College Hospital, London, UK (P.A.M., O.W.); National Institute for Cardiovascular Outcome Research, London, UK (D.C., D.M.); Sussex Cardiac Centre, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals, Brighton, UK (D.H.-S., U.T.); St. Thomas's Hospital, London, UK (C.P.Y.); Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital NHS Trust, Leicester, UK (J.K., T.S.); Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK (N.G.U.); West Midlands Public Health England Centre, Birmingham, UK (J.H.); and University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK (H.G.).
authors: Daniel J
authors: DJ
authors: Blackman
authors: From Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK (P.F.L.); Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital, London, UK (N.M., A.D.); James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK (M.A.d.B.); Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, UK (D.J.B.); Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK (W.B.); Kings College Hospital, London, UK (P.A.M., O.W.); National Institute for Cardiovascular Outcome Research, London, UK (D.C., D.M.); Sussex Cardiac Centre, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals, Brighton, UK (D.H.-S., U.T.); St. Thomas's Hospital, London, UK (C.P.Y.); Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital NHS Trust, Leicester, UK (J.K., T.S.); Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK (N.G.U.); West Midlands Public Health England Centre, Birmingham, UK (J.H.); and University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK (H.G.).
authors: Alison
authors: A
authors: Duncan
authors: From Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK (P.F.L.); Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital, London, UK (N.M., A.D.); James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK (M.A.d.B.); Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, UK (D.J.B.); Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK (W.B.); Kings College Hospital, London, UK (P.A.M., O.W.); National Institute for Cardiovascular Outcome Research, London, UK (D.C., D.M.); Sussex Cardiac Centre, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals, Brighton, UK (D.H.-S., U.T.); St. Thomas's Hospital, London, UK (C.P.Y.); Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital NHS Trust, Leicester, UK (J.K., T.S.); Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK (N.G.U.); West Midlands Public Health England Centre, Birmingham, UK (J.H.); and University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK (H.G.).
authors: Winston
authors: W
authors: Banya
authors: From Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK (P.F.L.); Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital, London, UK (N.M., A.D.); James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK (M.A.d.B.); Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, UK (D.J.B.); Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK (W.B.); Kings College Hospital, London, UK (P.A.M., O.W.); National Institute for Cardiovascular Outcome Research, London, UK (D.C., D.M.); Sussex Cardiac Centre, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals, Brighton, UK (D.H.-S., U.T.); St. Thomas's Hospital, London, UK (C.P.Y.); Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital NHS Trust, Leicester, UK (J.K., T.S.); Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK (N.G.U.); West Midlands Public Health England Centre, Birmingham, UK (J.H.); and University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK (H.G.).
authors: Philip A
authors: PA
authors: MacCarthy
authors: From Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK (P.F.L.); Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital, London, UK (N.M., A.D.); James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK (M.A.d.B.); Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, UK (D.J.B.); Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK (W.B.); Kings College Hospital, London, UK (P.A.M., O.W.); National Institute for Cardiovascular Outcome Research, London, UK (D.C., D.M.); Sussex Cardiac Centre, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals, Brighton, UK (D.H.-S., U.T.); St. Thomas's Hospital, London, UK (C.P.Y.); Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital NHS Trust, Leicester, UK (J.K., T.S.); Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK (N.G.U.); West Midlands Public Health England Centre, Birmingham, UK (J.H.); and University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK (H.G.).
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Cunningham
authors: From Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK (P.F.L.); Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital, London, UK (N.M., A.D.); James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK (M.A.d.B.); Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, UK (D.J.B.); Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK (W.B.); Kings College Hospital, London, UK (P.A.M., O.W.); National Institute for Cardiovascular Outcome Research, London, UK (D.C., D.M.); Sussex Cardiac Centre, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals, Brighton, UK (D.H.-S., U.T.); St. Thomas's Hospital, London, UK (C.P.Y.); Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital NHS Trust, Leicester, UK (J.K., T.S.); Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK (N.G.U.); West Midlands Public Health England Centre, Birmingham, UK (J.H.); and University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK (H.G.).
authors: Olaf
authors: O
authors: Wendler
authors: From Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK (P.F.L.); Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital, London, UK (N.M., A.D.); James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK (M.A.d.B.); Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, UK (D.J.B.); Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK (W.B.); Kings College Hospital, London, UK (P.A.M., O.W.); National Institute for Cardiovascular Outcome Research, London, UK (D.C., D.M.); Sussex Cardiac Centre, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals, Brighton, UK (D.H.-S., U.T.); St. Thomas's Hospital, London, UK (C.P.Y.); Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital NHS Trust, Leicester, UK (J.K., T.S.); Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK (N.G.U.); West Midlands Public Health England Centre, Birmingham, UK (J.H.); and University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK (H.G.).
authors: Damian
authors: D
authors: Marlee
authors: From Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK (P.F.L.); Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital, London, UK (N.M., A.D.); James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK (M.A.d.B.); Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, UK (D.J.B.); Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK (W.B.); Kings College Hospital, London, UK (P.A.M., O.W.); National Institute for Cardiovascular Outcome Research, London, UK (D.C., D.M.); Sussex Cardiac Centre, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals, Brighton, UK (D.H.-S., U.T.); St. Thomas's Hospital, London, UK (C.P.Y.); Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital NHS Trust, Leicester, UK (J.K., T.S.); Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK (N.G.U.); West Midlands Public Health England Centre, Birmingham, UK (J.H.); and University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK (H.G.).
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Hildick-Smith
authors: From Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK (P.F.L.); Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital, London, UK (N.M., A.D.); James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK (M.A.d.B.); Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, UK (D.J.B.); Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK (W.B.); Kings College Hospital, London, UK (P.A.M., O.W.); National Institute for Cardiovascular Outcome Research, London, UK (D.C., D.M.); Sussex Cardiac Centre, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals, Brighton, UK (D.H.-S., U.T.); St. Thomas's Hospital, London, UK (C.P.Y.); Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital NHS Trust, Leicester, UK (J.K., T.S.); Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK (N.G.U.); West Midlands Public Health England Centre, Birmingham, UK (J.H.); and University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK (H.G.).
authors: Christopher P
authors: CP
authors: Young
authors: From Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK (P.F.L.); Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital, London, UK (N.M., A.D.); James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK (M.A.d.B.); Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, UK (D.J.B.); Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK (W.B.); Kings College Hospital, London, UK (P.A.M., O.W.); National Institute for Cardiovascular Outcome Research, London, UK (D.C., D.M.); Sussex Cardiac Centre, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals, Brighton, UK (D.H.-S., U.T.); St. Thomas's Hospital, London, UK (C.P.Y.); Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital NHS Trust, Leicester, UK (J.K., T.S.); Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK (N.G.U.); West Midlands Public Health England Centre, Birmingham, UK (J.H.); and University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK (H.G.).
authors: Jan
authors: J
authors: Kovac
authors: From Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK (P.F.L.); Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital, London, UK (N.M., A.D.); James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK (M.A.d.B.); Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, UK (D.J.B.); Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK (W.B.); Kings College Hospital, London, UK (P.A.M., O.W.); National Institute for Cardiovascular Outcome Research, London, UK (D.C., D.M.); Sussex Cardiac Centre, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals, Brighton, UK (D.H.-S., U.T.); St. Thomas's Hospital, London, UK (C.P.Y.); Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital NHS Trust, Leicester, UK (J.K., T.S.); Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK (N.G.U.); West Midlands Public Health England Centre, Birmingham, UK (J.H.); and University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK (H.G.).
authors: Neal G
authors: NG
authors: Uren
authors: From Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK (P.F.L.); Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital, London, UK (N.M., A.D.); James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK (M.A.d.B.); Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, UK (D.J.B.); Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK (W.B.); Kings College Hospital, London, UK (P.A.M., O.W.); National Institute for Cardiovascular Outcome Research, London, UK (D.C., D.M.); Sussex Cardiac Centre, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals, Brighton, UK (D.H.-S., U.T.); St. Thomas's Hospital, London, UK (C.P.Y.); Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital NHS Trust, Leicester, UK (J.K., T.S.); Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK (N.G.U.); West Midlands Public Health England Centre, Birmingham, UK (J.H.); and University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK (H.G.).
authors: Tomasz
authors: T
authors: Spyt
authors: From Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK (P.F.L.); Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital, London, UK (N.M., A.D.); James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK (M.A.d.B.); Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, UK (D.J.B.); Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK (W.B.); Kings College Hospital, London, UK (P.A.M., O.W.); National Institute for Cardiovascular Outcome Research, London, UK (D.C., D.M.); Sussex Cardiac Centre, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals, Brighton, UK (D.H.-S., U.T.); St. Thomas's Hospital, London, UK (C.P.Y.); Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital NHS Trust, Leicester, UK (J.K., T.S.); Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK (N.G.U.); West Midlands Public Health England Centre, Birmingham, UK (J.H.); and University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK (H.G.).
authors: Uday
authors: U
authors: Trivedi
authors: From Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK (P.F.L.); Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital, London, UK (N.M., A.D.); James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK (M.A.d.B.); Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, UK (D.J.B.); Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK (W.B.); Kings College Hospital, London, UK (P.A.M., O.W.); National Institute for Cardiovascular Outcome Research, London, UK (D.C., D.M.); Sussex Cardiac Centre, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals, Brighton, UK (D.H.-S., U.T.); St. Thomas's Hospital, London, UK (C.P.Y.); Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital NHS Trust, Leicester, UK (J.K., T.S.); Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK (N.G.U.); West Midlands Public Health England Centre, Birmingham, UK (J.H.); and University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK (H.G.).
authors: Jonathan
authors: J
authors: Howell
authors: From Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK (P.F.L.); Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital, London, UK (N.M., A.D.); James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK (M.A.d.B.); Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, UK (D.J.B.); Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK (W.B.); Kings College Hospital, London, UK (P.A.M., O.W.); National Institute for Cardiovascular Outcome Research, London, UK (D.C., D.M.); Sussex Cardiac Centre, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals, Brighton, UK (D.H.-S., U.T.); St. Thomas's Hospital, London, UK (C.P.Y.); Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital NHS Trust, Leicester, UK (J.K., T.S.); Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK (N.G.U.); West Midlands Public Health England Centre, Birmingham, UK (J.H.); and University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK (H.G.).
authors: Huon
authors: H
authors: Gray
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology; D003953:Diagnosis-Related Groups; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D059032:Learning Curve; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012008:Recurrence; D012042:Registries / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012307:Risk Factors; D065467:Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement / Q000401:mortality / Q000706:statistics & numerical data* / Q000639:trends; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: aortic valve stenosis; heart valves; mortality; transcatheter aortic valve replacement; trends