title: Positioning activated carbon amendment technologies in a novel framework for sediment management.
abstract: Contaminated sediments can pose serious threats to human health and the environment by acting as a source of toxic chemicals. The amendment of contaminated sediments with strong sorbents like activated C (AC) is a rapidly developing strategy to manage contaminated sediments. To date, a great deal of attention has been paid to the technical and ecological features and implications of sediment remediation with AC, although science in this field still is rapidly evolving. This article aims to provide an update on the recent literature on these features, and provides a comparison of sediment remediation with AC to other sediment management options, emphasizing their full-scale application. First, a qualitative overview of advantages of current alternatives to remediate contaminated sediments is presented. Subsequently, AC treatment technology is critically reviewed, including current understanding of the effectiveness and ecological safety for the use of AC in natural systems. Finally, this information is used to provide a novel framework for supporting decisions concerning sediment remediation and beneficial reuse.
authors: Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Norwegian Geotechnical Institute, Oslo, Norway.
authors: Darya
authors: D
authors: Kupryianchyk
authors: Magdalena I
authors: MI
authors: Rakowska
authors: Danny
authors: D
authors: Reible
authors: Joop
authors: J
authors: Harmsen
authors: Gerard
authors: G
authors: Cornelissen
authors: Marc
authors: M
authors: van Veggel
authors: Sarah E
authors: SE
authors: Hale
authors: Tim
authors: T
authors: Grotenhuis
authors: Albert A
authors: AA
authors: Koelmans
mesh_terms: D002606:Charcoal / Q000737:chemistry*; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002606:Charcoal
keywords: Activated carbon; Decision-making; Framework; Remediation; Sediment management