title: HIV/AIDS-related stigma in South African alcohol-serving venues and its potential impact on HIV disclosure, testing and treatment-seeking behaviours.
abstract: Alcohol-serving venues in South Africa are sites for high-risk behaviours that may lead to HIV transmission. Prevention and treatment interventions are sorely needed in these settings, but HIV-related stigma may limit their effectiveness. This study explored expressions of stigma among alcohol-serving venue patrons in Cape Town and examined the potential impact of stigma on HIV disclosure, testing and treatment-seeking behaviours. A total of 92 in-depth interviews with male and female, black and coloured patrons were conducted. Transcripts were analysed via memo-writing and diagramming techniques. Many participants mentioned knowing other patrons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH), and this visibility of HIV impacted expressions of HIV-related stigma. Participants discussed four forms of HIV-related stigma in the venues: fearing PLWH, fearing HIV acquisition, blaming others for spreading HIV and isolating PLWH. HIV visibility and expressions of HIV-related stigma, particularly fear of isolation, influenced participants' willingness to disclose their status. HIV-related stigma in the venues also appeared to indirectly influence testing and treatment-seeking behaviour outside the venue. Results suggest that efforts to change norms and reduce expressions of HIV-related stigma in alcohol-serving venues are necessary to successfully deliver tailored HIV prevention interventions and increase uptake of HIV testing and care in this important social setting.
authors: a Duke Global Health Institute , Duke University , Durham , NC , USA.
authors: Jennifer
authors: J
authors: Velloza
authors: a Duke Global Health Institute , Duke University , Durham , NC , USA.
authors: Melissa H
authors: MH
authors: Watt
authors: a Duke Global Health Institute , Duke University , Durham , NC , USA.|b Department of Psychology and Neuroscience , Duke University , Durham , NC , USA.
authors: Karmel W
authors: KW
authors: Choi
authors: a Duke Global Health Institute , Duke University , Durham , NC , USA.
authors: Laurie
authors: L
authors: Abler
authors: c Department of Psychology , University of Connecticut , Storrs , CT , USA.
authors: Seth C
authors: SC
authors: Kalichman
authors: d Unit for Research on Health and Society , Stellenbosch University , Tygerberg , South Africa.
authors: Donald
authors: D
authors: Skinner
authors: d Unit for Research on Health and Society , Stellenbosch University , Tygerberg , South Africa.
authors: Desiree
authors: D
authors: Pieterse
authors: a Duke Global Health Institute , Duke University , Durham , NC , USA.|b Department of Psychology and Neuroscience , Duke University , Durham , NC , USA.
authors: Kathleen J
authors: KJ
authors: Sikkema
mesh_terms: D015492:AIDS Serodiagnosis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000523:psychology*; D001294:Attitude to Health; D030881:Disclosure; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000523:psychology*; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012931:Social Environment; D057545:Social Stigma; D013019:South Africa; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: HIV-related stigma; South Africa; alcohol; alcohol-serving venue; qualitative
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