title: Decreased plasma Chromogranin A361-372 (Catestatin) but not Chromogranin A17-38 (Vasostatin) in female dogs with bacterial uterine infection (pyometra).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pyometra often induces systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and early diagnosis is crucial for survival. Chromogranin A (CgA) is a neuroendocrine secretory protein that is co-released with catecholamines from the adrenal medulla and sympathetic nerve endings. A prognostic value of CgA has been found in humans that are critically ill or that have SIRS associated with infection. CgA has not yet been studied in dogs with bacterial infection. The aim of the study was to investigate CgA, measured by Chromogranin A361-372 (Catestatin; Cst) and Chromogranin A17-38 (Vasostatin; VS) in healthy dogs and in dogs with pyometra.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty dogs with pyometra, sampled prior to surgery and 64 healthy female dogs were included. In 19 pyometra cases, blood samples were also collected postoperatively. Concentrations of Cst and VS were measured in heparinised plasma and Cst also measured in EDTA plasma, by in-house radioimmunoassays. Student's t-test and Wilcoxon two-sample test was used to test for differences between dog groups. Pre- and postoperative samples in dogs with pyometra were analysed by paired t-test. Pearson correlation was used to investigate associations of laboratory variables and hospitalization. P < 0.05 was considered significant. Concentrations of Cst were decreased in pyometra dogs (mean ± SE, 1.01 ± 0.05 nmol/L) compared to healthy dogs (mean ± SE, 1.70 ± 0.03 nmol/L) (p ≤ 0.0001). VS concentrations did not differ significantly between dogs with pyometra (0.40 ± 0.04 nmol/L) and healthy dogs (0.42 ± 0.03 nmol/L). Mean ± SE pre- and postoperative concentration of Cst (1.0 ± 0.04 nmol/L and 0.9 ± 0.2 nmol/L) and VS (0.36 ± 0.04 nmol/L and 0.36 ± 0.04 nmol/L) in dogs with pyometra did not differ significantly. Neither Cst nor VS concentrations were associated with duration of hospitalization and were not significantly different in the four dogs with pyometra that had prolonged (≥3 d) postoperative hospitalization.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Concentrations of Cst, but not VS, were decreased in pyometra. Cst and VS concentrations before and after ovariohysterectomy did not differ significantly and were not associated with duration of hospitalization. Further studies are warranted to evaluate a possible diagnostic or prognostic value for Cst and VS.
authors: Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden. Supranee.Jitpean@slu.se.|Department of Surgery and Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand. Supranee.Jitpean@slu.se.
authors: Supranee
authors: S
authors: Jitpean
authors: Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden. Mats.Stridsberg@medsci.uu.se.
authors: Mats
authors: M
authors: Stridsberg
authors: Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden. Ann.Pettersson@slu.se.
authors: Ann
authors: A
authors: Pettersson
authors: Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden. Odd.Hoglund@slu.se.
authors: Odd V
authors: OV
authors: Höglund
authors: Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden. Bodil.Strom-Holst@slu.se.
authors: Bodil Ström
authors: BS
authors: Holst
authors: Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden. Ragnvi.Hagman@slu.se.
authors: Ragnvi
authors: R
authors: Hagman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D037282:Calreticulin / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D053379:Chromogranin A / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D055112:Pyometra / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D037282:Calreticulin; D053379:Chromogranin A; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C109084:chromogranin A (344-364); C121986:vasostatin
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