title: Development of an integrated optical coherence tomography-gas nozzle system for surgical laser ablation applications: preliminary findings of in situ spinal cord deformation due to gas flow effects.
abstract: Gas assisted laser machining of materials is a common practice in the manufacturing industry. Advantages in using gas assistance include reducing the likelihood of flare-ups in flammable materials and clearing away ablated material in the cutting path. Current surgical procedures and research do not take advantage of this and in the case for resecting osseous tissue, gas assisted ablation can help minimize charring and clear away debris from the surgical site. In the context of neurosurgery, the objective is to cut through osseous tissue without damaging the underlying neural structures. Different inert gas flow rates used in laser machining could cause deformations in compliant materials. Complications may arise during surgical procedures if the dura and spinal cord are damaged by these deformations. We present preliminary spinal deformation findings for various gas flow rates by using optical coherence tomography to measure the depression depth at the site of gas delivery.
authors: Biophotonics and Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 2K3, Canada ; r25wong@ryerson.ca.
authors: Ronnie
authors: R
authors: Wong
authors: Biophotonics and Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 2K3, Canada.
authors: Jamil
authors: J
authors: Jivraj
authors: Biophotonics and Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 2K3, Canada.
authors: Barry
authors: B
authors: Vuong
authors: Biophotonics and Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 2K3, Canada.
authors: Joel
authors: J
authors: Ramjist
authors: Biophotonics and Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 2K3, Canada ; Department of Surgical Neuromonitoring, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Ave., Toronto, Ontario, M4N 3M5, Canada.
authors: Nicole A
authors: NA
authors: Dinn
authors: Biophotonics and Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 2K3, Canada.
authors: Cuiru
authors: C
authors: Sun
authors: Biophotonics and Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 2K3, Canada.
authors: Yize
authors: Y
authors: Huang
authors: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 2K3, Canada.
authors: James A
authors: JA
authors: Smith
authors: Biophotonics and Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 2K3, Canada ; Division of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 27 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A1, Canada ; Division of Neurosurgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Ave., Toronto, Ontario, M4N 3M5, Canada ; Physical Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Ave., Toronto, Ontario, M4N 3M5, Canada.
authors: Victor X D
authors: VX
authors: Yang
keywords: (110.0110) Imaging systems; (110.4500) Optical coherence tomography; (140.0140) Lasers and laser optics; (140.3460) Lasers; (170.0170) Medical optics and biotechnology; (170.1020) Ablation of tissue; (170.3880) Medical and biological imaging
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