title: Neuron membrane trafficking and protein kinases involved in autism and ADHD.
abstract: A brain-enriched multi-domain scaffolding protein, neurobeachin has been identified as a candidate gene for autism patients. Mutations in the synaptic adhesion protein cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1) are also associated with autism spectrum disorder, a neurodevelopmental disorder of uncertain molecular origin. Potential roles of neurobeachin and CADM1 have been suggested to a function of vesicle transport in endosomal trafficking. It seems that protein kinase B (AKT) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) have key roles in the neuron membrane trafficking involved in the pathogenesis of autism. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is documented to dopaminergic insufficiencies, which is attributed to synaptic dysfunction of dopamine transporter (DAT). AKT is also essential for the DAT cell-surface redistribution. In the present paper, we summarize and discuss the importance of several protein kinases that regulate the membrane trafficking involved in autism and ADHD, suggesting new targets for therapeutic intervention.
authors: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women's University, Kita-Uoya Nishimachi, Nara 630-8506, Japan. y_kitagishi@live.jp.
authors: Yasuko
authors: Y
authors: Kitagishi
authors: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women's University, Kita-Uoya Nishimachi, Nara 630-8506, Japan. laa_minami@cc.nara-wu.ac.jp.
authors: Akari
authors: A
authors: Minami
authors: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women's University, Kita-Uoya Nishimachi, Nara 630-8506, Japan. GAH00635@nifty.com.
authors: Atsuko
authors: A
authors: Nakanishi
authors: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women's University, Kita-Uoya Nishimachi, Nara 630-8506, Japan. pl0okm9ijn@live.jp.
authors: Yasunori
authors: Y
authors: Ogura
authors: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women's University, Kita-Uoya Nishimachi, Nara 630-8506, Japan. smatsuda@cc.nara-wu.ac.jp.
authors: Satoru
authors: S
authors: Matsuda
mesh_terms: D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D001321:Autistic Disorder / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D000075982:Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D021381:Protein Transport; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: C403514:CADM1 protein, human; D000075982:Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases
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