title: The effect of moisture on the release and enrichment of heavy metals during pyrolysis of municipal solid waste.
abstract: The investigation of the effect of moisture on the release and enrichment of heavy metals during pyrolysis of municipal solid waste is essential. This is important owing to: (i) the increasing amount of metals in the solid product of pyrolysis beyond the normalised level; (ii) the effect of moisture on the overall cost of pyrolysis process; and (iii) the utilisation of pyrolysis products. Seven metals were selected for evaluation: arsenic, cadmium, chromium, mercury, nickel, lead, and vanadium. Pyrolysis experiments were conducted in a steel retort at 650 °C. The municipal solid waste samples with moisture contents of 0, 30, and 65 wt% were investigated. The relative enrichment index and release of heavy metals were evaluated individually for liquid and solid fractions. A consistent trend was observed for the majority of metals investigated. Reductions of relative enrichment index and release, i.e. an increase of volatility, were observed for arsenic, chromium, cadmium, nickel, and vanadium, with an increase of municipal solid waste moisture. Whereas divergent results were obtained for lead and mercury. The effect of moisture on the relative enrichment index and release was greater at 65 wt% moisture than at 30 wt% for lead, and more remarkable at 30 wt% than at 65 wt% for mercury.
authors: ENET - Energy Units for Utilization of non-Traditional Energy Sources, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic Institute of Geological Engineering, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic.
authors: Helena
authors: H
authors: Raclavská
authors: ENET - Energy Units for Utilization of non-Traditional Energy Sources, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic agnieszka.corsaro@vsb.cz.
authors: Agnieszka
authors: A
authors: Corsaro
authors: ENET - Energy Units for Utilization of non-Traditional Energy Sources, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic.
authors: Adéla
authors: A
authors: Hlavsová
authors: ENET - Energy Units for Utilization of non-Traditional Energy Sources, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic Department of Energy, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic.
authors: Dagmar
authors: D
authors: Juchelková
authors: ENET - Energy Units for Utilization of non-Traditional Energy Sources, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic.
authors: Ondřej
authors: O
authors: Zajonc
mesh_terms: D001151:Arsenic / Q000737:chemistry*; D017745:Incineration; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000737:chemistry*; D062611:Solid Waste / Q000032:analysis*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D019216:Metals, Heavy; D062611:Solid Waste; D014867:Water; D001151:Arsenic
keywords: Municipal solid waste; enrichment; heavy metals; moisture; pyrolysis; release