title: Ecological sounds affect breath duration more than artificial sounds.
abstract: Previous research has demonstrated that auditory rhythms affect both movement and physiological functions. We hypothesized that the ecological sounds of human breathing can affect breathing more than artificial sounds of breathing, varying in tones for inspiration and expiration. To address this question, we monitored the breath duration of participants exposed to three conditions: (a) ecological sounds of breathing, (b) artificial sounds of breathing having equal temporal features as the ecological sounds, (c) no sounds (control). We found that participants' breath duration variability was reduced in the ecological sound condition, more than in the artificial sound condition. We suggest that ecological sounds captured the timing of breathing better than artificial sounds, guiding as a consequence participants' breathing. We interpreted our results according to the Theory of Event Coding, providing further support to its validity, and suggesting its possible extension in the domain of physiological functions which are both consciously and unconsciously controlled.
authors: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via Weiss, 21-building W, Trieste, Italy. mauromurgianet@tiscali.it.|Department of Pedagogy, Psychology, Philosophy, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy. mauromurgianet@tiscali.it.
authors: Mauro
authors: M
authors: Murgia
authors: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via Weiss, 21-building W, Trieste, Italy.
authors: Ilaria
authors: I
authors: Santoro
authors: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via Weiss, 21-building W, Trieste, Italy.
authors: Giorgia
authors: G
authors: Tamburini
authors: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via Weiss, 21-building W, Trieste, Italy.
authors: Valter
authors: V
authors: Prpic
authors: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via Weiss, 21-building W, Trieste, Italy.
authors: Fabrizio
authors: F
authors: Sors
authors: Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
authors: Alessandra
authors: A
authors: Galmonte
authors: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via Weiss, 21-building W, Trieste, Italy.
authors: Tiziano
authors: T
authors: Agostini
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009068:Movement; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics / Q000502:physiology*; D012135:Respiratory Sounds / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
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