title: A complex interplay of tandem- and whole-genome duplication drives expansion of the L-type lectin receptor kinase gene family in the brassicaceae.
abstract: The comparative analysis of plant gene families in a phylogenetic framework has greatly accelerated due to advances in next generation sequencing. In this study, we provide an evolutionary analysis of the L-type lectin receptor kinase and L-type lectin domain proteins (L-type LecRKs and LLPs) that are considered as components in plant immunity, in the plant family Brassicaceae and related outgroups. We combine several lines of evidence provided by sequence homology, HMM-driven protein domain annotation, phylogenetic analysis, and gene synteny for large-scale identification of L-type LecRK and LLP genes within nine core-eudicot genomes. We show that both polyploidy and local duplication events (tandem duplication and gene transposition duplication) have played a major role in L-type LecRK and LLP gene family expansion in the Brassicaceae. We also find significant differences in rates of molecular evolution based on the mode of duplication. Additionally, we show that LLPs share a common evolutionary origin with L-type LecRKs and provide a consistent gene family nomenclature. Finally, we demonstrate that the largest and most diverse L-type LecRK clades are lineage-specific. Our evolutionary analyses of these plant immune components provide a framework to support future plant resistance breeding.
authors: Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University, The Netherlands Chinese Academy of Sciences/Max Planck Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China klaas.bouwmeester@wur.nl eric.schranz@wur.nl.
authors: Johannes A
authors: JA
authors: Hofberger
authors: Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University, The Netherlands klaas.bouwmeester@wur.nl eric.schranz@wur.nl.
authors: David L
authors: DL
authors: Nsibo
authors: Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, The Netherlands.
authors: Francine
authors: F
authors: Govers
authors: Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, The Netherlands Plant-Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, The Netherlands klaas.bouwmeester@wur.nl eric.schranz@wur.nl.
authors: Klaas
authors: K
authors: Bouwmeester
authors: Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University, The Netherlands klaas.bouwmeester@wur.nl eric.schranz@wur.nl.
authors: M Eric
authors: ME
authors: Schranz
mesh_terms: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D019607:Brassicaceae / Q000235:genetics*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D020440:Gene Duplication; D020131:Genes, Duplicate; D018745:Genome, Plant; D005810:Multigene Family; D010802:Phylogeny; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics*; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
keywords: Brassicaceae; L-type lectin receptor kinases; comparative genomics; gene duplication; plant innate immunity; polyploidy
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