title: Gender differences in in-hospital clinical outcomes after percutaneous coronary interventions: an insight from a Japanese multicenter registry.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gender differences in clinical outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) among different age groups are controversial in the era of drug-eluting stents, especially among the Asian population who are at higher risk for bleeding complications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We analyzed data from 10,220 patients who underwent PCI procedures performed at 14 Japanese hospitals from September 2008 to April 2013. A total of 2,106 (20.6%) patients were women. Women were older (72.7±9.7 vs 66.6±10.8 years, p<0.001), and had a lower body mass index (23.4±4.0 vs 24.3±3.5, p<0.001), with a higher prevalence of hypertension (p<0.001), hyperlipidemia (p<0.001), insulin-dependent diabetes (p<0.001), renal failure (p<0.001), and heart failure (p<0.001) compared with men. Men tended to have more bifurcation lesions (p = 0.003) and chronic totally occluded lesions (p<0.001) than women. Crude overall complications (14.8% vs 9.5%, p<0.001) and the rate of bleeding complications (5.3% vs 2.8%, p<0.001) were significantly higher in women than in men. On multivariate analysis in the total cohort, female sex was an independent predictor of overall complications (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.26-1.71; p<0.001) and bleeding complications (OR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.36-2.24; p<0.001) after adjustment for confounding variables. A similar trend was observed across the middle-aged group (≥55 and <75 years) and old age group (≥75 years).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women are at higher risk than men for post-procedural complications after PCI, regardless of age.
authors: Department of Cardiology, Ashikaga Red Cross Hospital, Tochigi, Japan.
authors: Yohei
authors: Y
authors: Numasawa
authors: Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Shun
authors: S
authors: Kohsaka
authors: The University of Tokyo, Healthcare Quality Assessment, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Hiroaki
authors: H
authors: Miyata
authors: Department of Cardiology, Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Tochigi, Japan.
authors: Shigetaka
authors: S
authors: Noma
authors: Department of Cardiology, National Hospital Organization, Saitama National Hospital, Saitama, Japan.
authors: Masahiro
authors: M
authors: Suzuki
authors: Department of Cardiology, Saitama City Hospital, Saitama, Japan.
authors: Shiro
authors: S
authors: Ishikawa
authors: Department of Cardiology, Hino Municipal Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Iwao
authors: I
authors: Nakamura
authors: Department of Cardiology, St Luke's International Hospital Heart Center, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Yutaro
authors: Y
authors: Nishi
authors: Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital, Chiba, Japan.
authors: Takahiro
authors: T
authors: Ohki
authors: Department of Cardiology, Yokohama Municipal Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors: Koji
authors: K
authors: Negishi
authors: Department of Cardiology, Ashikaga Red Cross Hospital, Tochigi, Japan.
authors: Toshiyuki
authors: T
authors: Takahashi
authors: Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Keiichi
authors: K
authors: Fukuda
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D062645:Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012042:Registries; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D016896:Treatment Outcome
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