title: Optimized extraction of polysaccharides from Taxus chinensis var. mairei fruits and its antitumor activity.
abstract: The simultaneous ultrasonic/microwave-assisted extraction (UMAE) method is potentially useful for the extraction of polysaccharides from Taxus chinensis var. mairei fruits (TCFPs). In this study, we used a response surface methodology to identify optimal TCFPs extraction conditions. Optimal parameters were determined as follows: a liquid to raw material ratio of 33 mL/g, an extraction time of 10 min, a microwave power level of 560 W, and a fixed ultrasonic power of 50 W. Under the optimized conditions, TCFPs yields obtained by UMAE were 4.33 ± 0.15%, a 1.79-fold increase compared with conventional heating reflux extraction (HRE). In addition, the extraction time used in UMAE was shorter than that required for HRE: 10 versus 90 min. UMAE is therefore a rapid and efficient method for the extraction of TCFPs. The inhibitory effect of TCFPs on S180 tumor growth in vivo was also studied. The tumor inhibition rate of TCFPs was 76.33%, indicating a tumor-inhibiting effect. Analysis of organ weights demonstrated that TCFPs exhibited no toxicity to liver, kidney, spleen, heart, or lung relative to a positive control group. TCFPs thus show antitumor activity with no organ toxicity.
authors: Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Development and Utilization of Forest Resources, Harbin 150040, China.
authors: Chunjian
authors: C
authors: Zhao
authors: Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
authors: Zhao
authors: Z
authors: Li
authors: Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China. Electronic address: nefujane@aliyun.com.
authors: Chunying
authors: C
authors: Li
authors: Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
authors: Lei
authors: L
authors: Yang
authors: Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
authors: Liping
authors: L
authors: Yao
authors: Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
authors: Yujie
authors: Y
authors: Fu
authors: Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
authors: Xin
authors: X
authors: He
authors: Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
authors: Kunming
authors: K
authors: Shi
authors: Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
authors: Zhicheng
authors: Z
authors: Lu
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004560:Electricity; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008872:Microwaves; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D020946:Taxus / Q000737:chemistry*; D013997:Time Factors; D014465:Ultrasonics
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D011134:Polysaccharides
keywords: Antitumor activity; Optimized extraction; Taxus chinensis var. mairei polysaccharides