title: Altered retinoic acid signalling underpins dentition evolution.
abstract: Small variations in signalling pathways have been linked to phenotypic diversity and speciation. In vertebrates, teeth represent a reservoir of adaptive morphological structures that are prone to evolutionary change. Cyprinid fish display an impressive diversity in tooth number, but the signals that generate such diversity are unknown. Here, we show that retinoic acid (RA) availability influences tooth number size in Cyprinids. Heterozygous adult zebrafish heterozygous for the cyp26b1 mutant that encodes an enzyme able to degrade RA possess an extra tooth in the ventral row. Expression analysis of pharyngeal mesenchyme markers such as dlx2a and lhx6 shows lateral, anterior and dorsal expansion of these markers in RA-treated embryos, whereas the expression of the dental epithelium markers dlx2b and dlx3b is unchanged. Our analysis suggests that changes in RA signalling play an important role in the diversification of teeth in Cyprinids. Our work illustrates that through subtle changes in the expression of rate-limiting enzymes, the RA pathway is an active player of tooth evolution in fish.
authors: Metabolic Genetic Diseases Laboratory, Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3217, Australia vincent.laudet@ens-lyon.fr.
authors: Yann
authors: Y
authors: Gibert
authors: Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon; UMR 5242 du CNRS; Université de Lyon; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France.
authors: Eric
authors: E
authors: Samarut
authors: Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon; UMR 5242 du CNRS; Université de Lyon; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France.
authors: Emmanuel
authors: E
authors: Pasco-Viel
authors: Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon; UMR 5242 du CNRS; Université de Lyon; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France.
authors: Laure
authors: L
authors: Bernard
authors: Laboratoire EGCE UMR CNRS 9191, IRD247, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
authors: Véronique
authors: V
authors: Borday-Birraux
authors: Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon; UMR 5242 du CNRS; Université de Lyon; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France.
authors: Alexa
authors: A
authors: Sadier
authors: INRA UR 1037 SCRIBE, IFR 140, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
authors: Catherine
authors: C
authors: Labbé
authors: Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon; UMR 5242 du CNRS; Université de Lyon; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France.
authors: Laurent
authors: L
authors: Viriot
authors: Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon; UMR 5242 du CNRS; Université de Lyon; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France.
authors: Vincent
authors: V
authors: Laudet
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005075:Biological Evolution; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003817:Dentition; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000201:enzymology; D009154:Mutation; D010802:Phylogeny; D000072516:Retinoic Acid 4-Hydroxylase; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014070:Tooth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000196:embryology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014212:Tretinoin; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D000072516:Retinoic Acid 4-Hydroxylase
keywords: cyprinids; development; evolution; retinoic acid; tooth
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