title: Factors associated with antiretroviral treatment interruption in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-infected children attending the Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Interrupting anti-retroviral therapy (ART) for any number of reasons is an indication of a compromised adherence to ART. Several factors, including the pill burden from other drugs used in treating co-infections in children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), may influence ART adherence. The aim of this study was to identify the factors associated with ART interruption in HIV-1-infected children.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective cohort study analysing data on 580 children consecutively enrolled on ART between February 2006 and December 2010 at the paediatric HIV clinic of Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH), Jos. Subjects were children aged 2 months - 15 years diagnosed with HIV-1 infection and on first-line ART. Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis was usually commenced at diagnosis while awaiting ART commencement. Children diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB) were also placed on multiple individual anti-TB drugs.
  
  
  METHODS
  A comparison of the data on children with and without ART interruption was made. Variables associated with ART interruption in a univariate analysis were fit in a multivariate logistic model to determine the factors that were associated with ART interruption.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Children on anti-TB drugs were twice more likely to interrupt ART compared to those who were not, (adjusted odds ratio, AOR = 1.84 (1.03-3.28); P = 0.04). But children on cotrimoxazole prophylaxis had a 57% reduction in the odds of interrupting ART compared to those who were not, (AOR = 0.43 (0.20-0.93); P = 0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Children on ART and also taking multiple individual anti-TB drugs should be monitored closely for ART adherence. Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis should be encouraged in children diagnosed with HIV while awaiting ART commencement as this may prime them for a better ART adherence.
authors: Department of Paediatrics, University of Jos/Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria.
authors: Augustine O
authors: AO
authors: Ebonyi
authors: Department of Paediatrics, University of Jos/Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria.
authors: Emeka U
authors: EU
authors: Ejeliogu
authors: Department of Paediatrics, University of Jos/Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria.
authors: Sylvanus E
authors: SE
authors: Okpe
authors: Department of Paediatrics, University of Jos/Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria.
authors: David D
authors: DD
authors: Shwe
authors: Department of Paediatrics, University of Jos/Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria.
authors: Esther S
authors: ES
authors: Yiltok
authors: Department of Paediatrics, Benue State University Teaching Hospital, Makurdi, Nigeria.
authors: Martha O
authors: MO
authors: Ochoga
authors: Department of Paediatrics, University of Jos/Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria.
authors: Stephen
authors: S
authors: Oguche
keywords: ART adherence; ART interruption; HIV-1; Pill burden; anti-TB drugs; cotrimoxazole prophylaxis
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