title: Occurrence of bovine ephemeral fever in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan, in 2012 and development of a reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assay to detect bovine ephemeral fever virus gene.
abstract: In September 2012, several cows and a calf showed decreased activity, anorexia and fever on Ishigaki Island, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan, and the cases were diagnosed as bovine ephemeral fever (BEF). We isolated BEF virus (BEFV) from one of the affected cows and then determined the complete genome sequence of the G gene, which encodes a class I transmembrane glycoprotein of BEFV. The BEFV isolate in this case, ON-3/E/12, was sorted into the same cluster as other BEFV isolates in Japan, Taiwan and China obtained in 1996-2004 and was most closely related to a 2002 Chinese isolate, JT02L, according to the phylogenetic analysis of the complete G gene. Since inactivated vaccines for BEF available in Japan are considered effective against the ON-3/E/12 isolate as well as other isolates in East Asia from 1996-2004, annual vaccination should be conducted to prevent BEF in Okinawa. Additionally, in this study, we developed an RT-PCR assay to detect the BEFV gene in Japan and neighboring countries. Our assay was able to amplify target sequences in all of the tested BEFV isolates, including 18 isolates in Japan and another isolate in Australia. The assay was found to be useful also for testing RNA samples extracted from bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and the detection limit of the assay was 10 copies per tube. We believe that our assay would be an important tool for the screening of BEFV infection and the diagnosis of BEF.
authors: Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Animal Health, 24-29 1-chome, Kohagura, Naha, Okinawa 900-0024, Japan.
authors: Tsuyoshi
authors: T
authors: Niwa
authors: Hiroaki
authors: H
authors: Shirafuji
authors: Kazufumi
authors: K
authors: Ikemiyagi
authors: Yoshiki
authors: Y
authors: Nitta
authors: Moemi
authors: M
authors: Suzuki
authors: Tomoko
authors: T
authors: Kato
authors: Tohru
authors: T
authors: Yanase
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D004810:Ephemeral Fever / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology; D018115:Ephemeral Fever Virus, Bovine / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005260:Female; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral / Q000502:physiology; D007564:Japan; D010802:Phylogeny; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014764:Viral Proteins
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