title: The role of oncolytic virus immunotherapies to subvert cancer immune evasion.
abstract: ABSTRACT  Despite huge economic and intellectual investments, developing effective cancer treatments continues to be an overarching challenge. Engineered oncolytic viruses (OVs) present self-amplifying immunotherapy platforms capable of preferential cytotoxicity to cancer cells and simultaneous activation of host anti-tumor immunity. In preclinical studies, OVs are showing potent therapeutic effects when used in combination with other immune therapy strategies. In the clinic, the immunotherapeutic effects of OVs are showing promising results. Here we review current strategies for engineering OVs, and present a perspective of future directions within a discussion of the current outcomes of combinatorial approaches with other cancer immunotherapy platforms.
authors: Department of Pathology & Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Samuel T
authors: ST
authors: Workenhe
authors: Meghan L
authors: ML
authors: Verschoor
authors: Karen L
authors: KL
authors: Mossman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000276:immunology; D007157:Immunologic Surveillance; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D050130:Oncolytic Virotherapy / Q000379:methods; D050504:Oncolytic Viruses / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D019139:Tumor Escape / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000276:immunology
keywords: cancer immunotherapy; oncolytic virus