title: The Epidemiology of Fifth Metatarsal Fracture.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A paucity of data exists studying the epidemiology of fifth metatarsal fractures. While a number of studies exist focusing on specific fracture patterns and patient populations, a large comprehensive epidemiologic study on the general public does not.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We reviewed 1275 fifth metatarsal fractures treated at a multicenter orthopaedic practice attempting to classify mechanism of injury and patient demographics as they pertain to specific fracture patterns.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patient demographics were recorded and fractures categorized by location and mechanism of injury. Demographics and mechanism of injury were assessed to determine their predictive value for the type of fracture. Statistical analysis was used to predict whether demographics and mechanism of injury were statistically significant for types of fractures and whether gender and age were positive predictive values for fifth metatarsal fractures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twisting injuries were a statistically significant predictor of zone 1 injuries. A significant correlation between gender and fracture location was seen with women sustaining 75% of zone 1 injuries and 84% of dancer's fractures. A positive predictive value existed for age and gender with respect to the incidence of fractures. Males accounted for more fractures among younger patients and females accounting for the majority of fractures among older patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mechanism of injury is a predictor for fracture location. Gender and age have a role in fracture incidence. In younger patient populations, males account for the majority of fifth metatarsal fractures. In older patient populations, females account for the majority of fifth metatarsal fractures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prognostic study, Level II: Retrospective Study.
authors: Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (JMK, KS)Joan C. Edwards Marshall School of Medicine, Huntington, West Virginia (HS)Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (AA)Rothman Institute at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (SMR, DIP).
authors: Justin M
authors: JM
authors: Kane
authors: Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (JMK, KS)Joan C. Edwards Marshall School of Medicine, Huntington, West Virginia (HS)Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (AA)Rothman Institute at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (SMR, DIP).
authors: Kristin
authors: K
authors: Sandrowski
authors: Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (JMK, KS)Joan C. Edwards Marshall School of Medicine, Huntington, West Virginia (HS)Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (AA)Rothman Institute at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (SMR, DIP).
authors: Heather
authors: H
authors: Saffel
authors: Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (JMK, KS)Joan C. Edwards Marshall School of Medicine, Huntington, West Virginia (HS)Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (AA)Rothman Institute at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (SMR, DIP).
authors: Anthony
authors: A
authors: Albanese
authors: Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (JMK, KS)Joan C. Edwards Marshall School of Medicine, Huntington, West Virginia (HS)Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (AA)Rothman Institute at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (SMR, DIP).
authors: Steven M
authors: SM
authors: Raikin
authors: Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (JMK, KS)Joan C. Edwards Marshall School of Medicine, Huntington, West Virginia (HS)Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (AA)Rothman Institute at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (SMR, DIP) drpedowitz@yahoo.com.
authors: David I
authors: DI
authors: Pedowitz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005260:Female; D018409:Foot Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D015994:Incidence; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008682:Metatarsal Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000293:injuries*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017678:Sex Distribution; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: epidemiology; fracture; metatarsal; trauma