title: Prostate cancer discrimination in the peripheral zone with a reduced field-of-view T(2)-mapping MRI sequence.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the performance of T2 mapping in discriminating prostate cancer from normal prostate tissue in the peripheral zone using a practical reduced field-of-view MRI sequence requiring less than 3 minutes of scan time.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six patients with biopsy-proven peripheral zone prostate cancer without prior treatment underwent routine multiparametric MRI at 3.0T with an endorectal coil. An Inner-Volume Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill imaging sequence that required 2.8 minutes to obtain data for quantitative T2 mapping covering the entire prostate gland was added to the routine multiparametric protocol. Suspected cancer (SC) and suspected healthy (SH) tissue in the peripheral zone were identified in consensus by three radiologists and were correlated with available biopsy results. Differences in mean T2 values in SC and SH regions-of-interest (ROIs) were tested for significance using unpaired Student's two-tailed t-test. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to assess the optimal threshold T2 value for cancer discrimination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ROI analyses revealed significantly (p<0.0001) shorter T2 values in SC (85.4±12.3ms) compared to SH (169.6±38.7ms). An estimated T2 threshold of 99ms yielded a sensitivity of 92% and a specificity of 97% for prostate cancer discrimination.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Quantitative values derived from this clinically practical T2-mapping sequence allow high precision discrimination between healthy and cancerous peripheral zone in the prostate.
authors: Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Instituto de Radiologia do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors: Fernando I
authors: FI
authors: Yamauchi
authors: Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Radiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors: Tobias
authors: T
authors: Penzkofer
authors: Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
authors: Andriy
authors: A
authors: Fedorov
authors: Department of Imaging, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
authors: Fiona M
authors: FM
authors: Fennessy
authors: Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
authors: Renxin
authors: R
authors: Chu
authors: Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Radiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors: Stephan E
authors: SE
authors: Maier
authors: Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
authors: Clare M C
authors: CM
authors: Tempany
authors: Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
authors: Robert V
authors: RV
authors: Mulkern
authors: Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Electronic address: panych@bwh.harvard.edu.
authors: Lawrence P
authors: LP
authors: Panych
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012372:ROC Curve; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
keywords: Prostate MRI; Prostate cancer; Quantitative MRI; T(2) mapping