title: Reactivity to a Spouse's Interpersonal Suffering in Late Life Marriage: A Mixed-Methods Approach.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine how older adult spouses react to their partners' interpersonal suffering.
  
  
  METHODS
  Spouses of individuals with musculoskeletal pain were recorded describing their partners' suffering while their blood pressure (BP) was monitored. After the account, spouses described their distress. Speeches were transcribed and analyzed with Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count software and coded for interpersonal content. Multivariate regression analyses were conducted with interpersonal content variables predicting BP and distress. Exploratory qualitative analysis was conducted using ATLAS.ti to explore mechanisms behind quantitative results.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Describing partners' suffering as interpersonal and using social (family) words were associated with higher systolic BP reactivity. Husbands were more likely to describe partners' suffering as interpersonal. Qualitative results suggested shared stressors and bereavement-related distress as potential mechanisms for heightened reactivity to interpersonal suffering.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Spouses' interpersonal suffering may negatively affect both men and women's cardiovascular health, and older husbands may be particularly affected.
authors: Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA Hannah-rose.mitchell@yale.edu.
authors: Hannah-Rose
authors: HR
authors: Mitchell
authors: Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.
authors: Becca R
authors: BR
authors: Levy
authors: Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.
authors: Danya E
authors: DE
authors: Keene
authors: Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.
authors: Joan K
authors: JK
authors: Monin
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012737:Sex Factors; D018454:Spouses / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000503:physiopathology*
keywords: gender differences; health; interpersonal relationships; older adults; stress