title: IL-33 promotes the induction of immunoglobulin production after inhalation of house dust mite extract in mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The initial immune response to house dust mite (HDM) is orchestrated by an interplay between epithelial cells (ECs) and dendritic cells (DCs). Innate cytokines released by HDM-exposed ECs activate airway DCs and effector inflammatory cells, which together induce a HDM-specific Th2 cell response. Here, we investigate the respective roles of DCs and IL-33 in sensitization to HDM.
  
  
  METHODS
  Balb/c mice were exposed via the airways to different HDM extracts, differing in at least endotoxin levels [Lotox (LT) and HiTox (HT)]. Alternatively, HDM-pulsed DCs in the presence or absence of additional LT-HDM, or administration of LT-HDM plus recombinant IL-33, were intratracheally (i.t.) administered to induce allergic airway inflammation. Eosinophil recruitment, cytokine production, serum immunoglobulins, and airway histology were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Direct exposure of airways with HT-HDM induced an eosinophilic airway inflammation, Th2 cytokine production, and an increase in total IgE and HDM IgG1, while LT-HDM was not able to do so. In contrast, i.t. instillation of LT-HDM-pulsed DCs induced a similar airway inflammation, mucus production, and cytokine production, but IgE or HDM IgG1 was not induced. Administration of HDM-pulsed DCs together with LT-HDM, to supply B cells with unprocessed antigen, was not sufficient to induce antibody production. Simultaneous administration of recombinant IL-33 with LT-HDM induced an antibody response, besides a cellular immune response.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results demonstrate that HDM-pulsed DCs were able to drive a Th2 response but that IL-33 was needed to induce a humoral immune response to a single inhalational challenge to HDM.
authors: Department of Experimental Immunology, AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Canbaz
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Utsch
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Logiantara
authors: R
authors: R
authors: van Ree
authors: L S
authors: LS
authors: van Rijt
mesh_terms: D000485:Allergens / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D001249:Asthma / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D040002:Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus / Q000276:immunology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000276:immunology; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000276:immunology*; D056724:Immunity, Humoral / Q000276:immunology*; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D000067596:Interleukin-33 / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D016207:Cytokines; C506535:Il33 protein, mouse; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D000067596:Interleukin-33; D007073:Immunoglobulin E
keywords: dendritic cells; house dust mite; immunoglobulin; innate immunity; interleukin-33; lung