title: Prevalence and Incidence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Other Respiratory Viral Infections in Children Aged 6 Months to 10 Years With Influenza-like Illness Enrolled in a Randomized Trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The high burden of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-associated morbidity and mortality makes vaccine development a priority.
  
  
  METHODS
  As part of an efficacy trial of pandemic influenza vaccines (NCT01051661), RSV epidemiology in healthy children aged 6 months to <10 years at first vaccination with influenza-like illness (ILI) was evaluated in Australia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Mexico, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand between February 2010 and August 2011. Active surveillance for ILI was conducted for approximately 1 year, with nasal and throat swabs analyzed by polymerase chain reaction. The prevalence and incidence of RSV among ILI episodes were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 6266 children were included, of whom 2421 experienced 3717 ILI episodes with a respiratory sample available. RSV was detected for 359 ILI episodes, a prevalence of 9.7% (95% confidence interval: 8.7-10.7). The highest prevalence was in children aged 12-23 or 24-35 months in all countries except the Philippines, where it was in children aged 6-11 months. The incidence of RSV-associated ILI was 7.0 (6.3-7.7) per 100 person-years (PY). Eighty-eight ILI episodes resulted in hospitalization, of which 8 were associated with RSV (prevalence 9.1% [4.0-17.1]; incidence 0.2 [0.1-0.3] per 100 PY). The incidence of RSV-associated ILI resulting in medical attendance was 6.0 (5.4-6.7) per 100 PY. RSV B subtypes were observed more frequently than A subtypes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Active surveillance demonstrated the considerable burden of RSV-associated illness that would not be identified through hospital-based surveillance, with a substantial part of the burden occurring in older infants and children.
authors: Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.
authors: Terry
authors: T
authors: Nolan
authors: Department of Health, Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, Alabang, Muntinlupa City, Philippines.
authors: Charissa
authors: C
authors: Borja-Tabora
authors: Centro de Estudios en Infectologia Pediatrica, Cali, Colombia.
authors: Pio
authors: P
authors: Lopez
authors: Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Lily
authors: L
authors: Weckx
authors: Instituto Costarricense de Investigaciones Clínicas, San José, Costa Rica.
authors: Rolando
authors: R
authors: Ulloa-Gutierrez
authors: National Institute of Public Health of Mexico, Cuernavaca Morelos.
authors: Eduardo
authors: E
authors: Lazcano-Ponce
authors: Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Phramongkutklao Hospital, Thailand.
authors: Angkool
authors: A
authors: Kerdpanich
authors: Instituto Nacional de Pediatría de Mexico.
authors: Miguel Angel Rodriguez
authors: MA
authors: Weber
authors: Servicios Medicos Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey.
authors: Abiel
authors: A
authors: Mascareñas de Los Santos
authors: Hospital General de Durango, Mexico.
authors: Juan-Carlos
authors: JC
authors: Tinoco
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo and Associação Fundo de Incentivo à Pesquisa, Brazil.
authors: Marco Aurelio P
authors: MA
authors: Safadi
authors: National Healthcare Group Polyclinics, Singapore.
authors: Lim Fong
authors: LF
authors: Seng
authors: Instituto Costarricense de Investigaciones Clínicas, San José, Costa Rica.
authors: Marcela
authors: M
authors: Hernandez-de Mezerville
authors: Instituto Costarricense de Investigaciones Clínicas, San José, Costa Rica.
authors: Idis
authors: I
authors: Faingezicht
authors: National Institute of Public Health of Mexico, Cuernavaca Morelos.
authors: Aurelio
authors: A
authors: Cruz-Valdez
authors: GSK Vaccines, Wavre, Belgium.
authors: Yang
authors: Y
authors: Feng
authors: GSK Vaccines, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania.
authors: Ping
authors: P
authors: Li
authors: GSK Vaccines, Wavre, Belgium.
authors: Serge
authors: S
authors: Durviaux
authors: GSK Vaccines, Wavre, Belgium.
authors: Gerco
authors: G
authors: Haars
authors: GSK Vaccines, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania.
authors: Sumita
authors: S
authors: Roy-Ghanta
authors: GSK Vaccines, Rixensart, Belgium.
authors: David W
authors: DW
authors: Vaughn
authors: GSK Vaccines, Wavre, Belgium.
authors: Sylvia
authors: S
authors: Taylor
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000821:virology; D010614:Pharynx / Q000821:virology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015995:Prevalence; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D018357:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012136:Respiratory Syncytial Viruses / Q000302:isolation & purification*
keywords: ILI; RSV; children; incidence; prevalence