title: Xanthine oxidoreductase reference values in platelet-poor plasma and platelets in healthy volunteers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is an enzyme belonging to the class of hydroxylases. XOR is stated, inter alia, in the kidneys, liver, and small intestine as well as in leukocytes and platelets and endothelial cells of capillaries. Its main role is to participate in the conversion of hypoxanthine to xanthine and the uric acid. It occurs in two isoforms: dehydrogenase (XD) and oxidase (XO), which is considered one of the sources of reactive oxygen species. Aim of the Study. Determination of reference values of xanthine oxidoreductase activity in PPP and platelets.
  
  
  METHODS
  Study group consisted of 70 healthy volunteers. The isoform activities of xanthine oxidoreductase were determined by kinetic spectrophotometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A statistically significant difference between the activity of the XOR in PPP and platelets (P < 0.001). The highest activity of XO was found in both PPP and blood platelets. Significant differences between the activity of the various isoforms in PPP (P = 0.0032) and platelets (P < 0.001) were also found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The healthy volunteers showed the highest activity XO (prooxidant) and the lowest XD (antioxidant), which indicates a slight oxidative stress and confirmed physiological effects of XOR.
authors: Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Molecular Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
authors: Elżbieta
authors: E
authors: Cecerska-Heryć
authors: Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Molecular Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
authors: Anna
authors: 0000-0001-7433-161X
authors: A
authors: Jesionowska
authors: Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Molecular Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
authors: Szupiluk
authors: S
authors: Klaudyna
authors: Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Molecular Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
authors: Siewierska
authors: 0000-0002-7308-5290
authors: S
authors: Katarzyna
authors: Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Molecular Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
authors: Mączka
authors: M
authors: Dominika
authors: Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Molecular Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
authors: Pawlak
authors: P
authors: Dominika
authors: Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Molecular Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
authors: Urbańska
authors: U
authors: Marta
authors: Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Molecular Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
authors: Barbara
authors: B
authors: Dołęgowska
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D012016:Reference Values; D013053:Spectrophotometry / Q000592:standards; D014968:Xanthine Dehydrogenase / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000592:standards; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000592:standards
chemical_list: D014968:Xanthine Dehydrogenase; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase