title: Initiation and regulation of paramyxovirus transcription and replication.
abstract: The paramyxovirus family has a genome consisting of a single strand of negative sense RNA. This genome acts as a template for two distinct processes: transcription to generate subgenomic, capped and polyadenylated mRNAs, and genome replication. These viruses only encode one polymerase. Thus, an intriguing question is, how does the viral polymerase initiate and become committed to either transcription or replication? By answering this we can begin to understand how these two processes are regulated. In this review article, we present recent findings from studies on the paramyxovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, which show how its polymerase is able to initiate transcription and replication from a single promoter. We discuss how these findings apply to other paramyxoviruses. Then, we examine how trans-acting proteins and promoter secondary structure might serve to regulate transcription and replication during different phases of the paramyxovirus replication cycle.
authors: Department of Microbiology, Boston University Medical Campus, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA. Electronic address: slnoton@bu.edu.
authors: Sarah L
authors: SL
authors: Noton
authors: Department of Microbiology, Boston University Medical Campus, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA. Electronic address: rfearns@bu.edu.
authors: Rachel
authors: R
authors: Fearns
mesh_terms: D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D012136:Respiratory Syncytial Viruses / Q000502:physiology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral; D014157:Transcription Factors; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases
keywords: Gene expression; Mononegavirales; Non-segmented negative strand RNA virus; Paramyxoviridae; Paramyxovirus; Polymerase; Promoter; Replication; Transcription