title: Prevalence and genetic characteristics of Cryptosporidium, Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Giardia duodenalis in cats and dogs in Heilongjiang province, China.
abstract: This study investigated 319 fecal specimens of cats (n=52) and dogs (n=267) from Heilongjiang province, China for the prevalence and genetic characteristics of Cryptosporidium, Enterocytozoon bieneusi, and Giardia duodenalis. PCR and DNA sequence analysis of the small subunit rRNA gene identified C. felis and C. parvum in one cat each (3.8%) and C. canis and C. ubiquitum in 6 dogs (2.2%). Polymorphisms in the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer and phylogenetic analysis characterized zoonotic E. bieneusi genotypes D, EbpC, NED1, and NED2 and host-adapted ones NED3, NED4, and PtEb IX in 18 dogs (6.7%) and human-pathogenic genotypes D and IV in 3 cats (5.8%). Genotyping based on the hypermutation of G. duodenalis triosephosphate isomerase gene (TPI) facilitated identification of assemblage F in a cat (1.9%) and assemblages C and E in 12 dogs (4.5%). Subtypes of G. duodenalis isolates were determined by measuring the diversity of both TPI nucleotide and amino acid sequences. C. canis, C. felis, C. parvum, E. bieneusi genotypes D, EbpC, and IV, and G. duodenalis assemblage C identified herein have been documented in human infections in China. C. canis, C. parvum, C. ubiquitum, and E. bieneusi genotypes D, EbpC, and IV carried by cats or dogs also existed in wastewater in China. The finding suggested pet animals could be reservoirs for human cryptosporidiosis, microsporidiosis, and giardiasis and potential sources of water contamination in China.
authors: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Harbin 150030, China. Electronic address: neaulw@gmail.com.
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Li
authors: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Harbin 150030, China.
authors: Yijing
authors: Y
authors: Li
authors: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Harbin 150030, China.
authors: Mingxin
authors: M
authors: Song
authors: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Harbin 150030, China.
authors: Yixin
authors: Y
authors: Lu
authors: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Harbin 150030, China.
authors: Jinping
authors: J
authors: Yang
authors: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Harbin 150030, China.
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Tao
authors: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Harbin 150030, China.
authors: Yanxue
authors: Y
authors: Jiang
authors: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Harbin 150030, China.
authors: Qiang
authors: Q
authors: Wan
authors: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Harbin 150030, China.
authors: Siwen
authors: S
authors: Zhang
authors: Division of Foodborne, Waterborne and Environmental Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. Electronic address: lxiao@cdc.gov.
authors: Lihua
authors: L
authors: Xiao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology*; D002415:Cats; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003457:Cryptosporidiosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology; D003458:Cryptosporidium / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology*; D004285:Dogs; D021862:Enterocytozoon / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D005838:Genotype; D016829:Giardia lamblia / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005873:Giardiasis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary; D016881:Microsporidiosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary; D015995:Prevalence
keywords: Cryptosporidium; Enterocytozoon bieneusi; Genotyping; Giardia duodenalis; Subtyping