title: Controlling a toxic shock of pentachlorophenol (PCP) to anaerobic digestion using activated carbon addition.
abstract: Several powdered and granular activated carbons (PACs and GACs) were tested for adsorption of pentachlorophenol (PCP) in bench-scale anaerobic digestion reactors to control the toxicity of PCP to acetoclastic methanogenesis. Results showed that the adsorption capacities of PAC were reduced by 21-54%, depending on the PAC addition time, in the presence of the methanogenic sludge compared to the controls without sludge. As a preventive measure, PAC at a low dose of 20% (mass ratio to the VSS) added 24 h prior to, or simultaneously with, the addition of PCP could completely eliminate the toxic effects of PCP. At the same dose, PAC also enabled methanogenesis to recover immediately after the sludge had been exposed to PCP for 24h. GAC was not effective in enabling the recovery of methanogenesis due to its slow adsorption kinetics; however, at a dose of 80% it could partially ameliorate the toxic shock of PCP.
authors: Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 CleanTech Loop, Singapore 637141, Singapore.
authors: Yeyuan
authors: Y
authors: Xiao
authors: Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 CleanTech Loop, Singapore 637141, Singapore.
authors: Cecilia
authors: C
authors: De Araujo
authors: School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore.
authors: Chun Chau
authors: CC
authors: Sze
authors: Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 CleanTech Loop, Singapore 637141, Singapore; Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK. Electronic address: d.stuckey@ic.ac.uk.
authors: David C
authors: DC
authors: Stuckey
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000693:Anaerobiosis / Q000187:drug effects; D056804:Biofuels / Q000032:analysis; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology; D002606:Charcoal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008697:Methane / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010416:Pentachlorophenol / Q000633:toxicity*; D016062:Porosity; D011208:Powders; D012037:Refuse Disposal / Q000379:methods*; D012722:Sewage / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D011208:Powders; D012722:Sewage; D002606:Charcoal; D010416:Pentachlorophenol; D008697:Methane
keywords: Activated carbon; Anaerobic digestion; Pentachlorophenol; Toxicity