title: The relationship of DSM-IV pathological gambling to compulsive buying and other possible spectrum disorders: results from the Iowa PG family study.
abstract: This study investigates the possible relationship between pathological gambling (PG) and potential spectrum disorders including the DSM-IV impulse control disorders (intermittent explosive disorder, kleptomania, pyromania, trichotillomania) and several non-DSM disorders (compulsive buying disorder, compulsive sexual behavior, Internet addiction). PG probands, controls, and their first-degree relatives were assessed with instruments of known reliability. Detailed family history information was collected on relatives who were deceased or unavailable. Best estimate diagnoses were assigned blind to family status. The results were analyzed using logistic regression by the method of generalized estimating equations. The sample included 95 probands with PG, 91 controls, and 1075 first-degree relatives (537 PG, 538 controls). Compulsive buying disorder and having "any spectrum disorder" were more frequent in the PG probands and their first-degree relatives vs. controls and their relatives. Spectrum disorders were significantly more prevalent among PG relatives compared to control relatives (adjusted OR=8.37), though much of this difference was attributable to the contribution from compulsive buying disorder. We conclude that compulsive buying disorder is likely part of familial PG spectrum.
authors: Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. Electronic address: donald-black@uiowa.edu.
authors: Donald W
authors: DW
authors: Black
authors: Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
authors: William
authors: W
authors: Coryell
authors: Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
authors: Raymond
authors: R
authors: Crowe
authors: Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
authors: Martha
authors: M
authors: Shaw
authors: Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
authors: Brett
authors: B
authors: McCormick
authors: Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
authors: Jeff
authors: J
authors: Allen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016739:Behavior, Addictive; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003192:Compulsive Behavior / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D003193:Compulsive Personality Disorder; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D007174:Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D005391:Firesetting Behavior / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D005715:Gambling / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000523:psychology; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007484:Iowa; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014256:Trichotillomania / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics
keywords: Compulsive buying disorder; Compulsive sexual behavior; Family study; Gambling spectrum; Genetics; Impulse control disorders; Pathological gambling