title: A Review on GABA/Glutamate Pathway for Therapeutic Intervention of ASD and ADHD
abstract: Balance between excitatory glutamate and inhibitory GABA neurotransmitter is essential and critical for proper development and functioning of brain. GABAergic (gamma aminobutyric acid) and glutamatergic interneurons maintain excitability, integrity and synaptic plasticity. Several evidences implicated relative loss of inhibitory GABA with corresponding glutamate mediated hyper-excitation in development of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). ASD is the common neurological disorder with an estimated relative occurrence of 0.5-1% of universal population. Several studies demonstrated the imbalance of excitatory/inhibitory neurotransmitters resulting from neurodevelopmental impairments in glutamatergic and GABAergic system, which might resemblesa common pathological mechanism for the developmental disorders. This review focuses on the necessity for developing GABA enhancing and glutamate suppressing drug candidates and illustrates the role of GABAergic and glutamatergic system in cognition and memory impairment involved in neurodevelopmental disorders with emphasis on ASD and ADHD. The review also highlights the newly emerging drugs for neurodevelopmental disorders.
authors: Priyanka
authors: P
authors: Purkayastha
authors: Aruna
authors: A
authors: Malapati
authors: Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Pharmacy, Shameerpet mandal, Jawahar Nagar, Hyderabad, India.. pyogee@hyderabad.bits-pilani.ac.in.
authors: Perumal
authors: P
authors: Yogeeswari
authors: Dharmarajan
authors: D
authors: Sriram