title: Fortifier and cream improve fat delivery in continuous enteral infant feeding of breast milk.
abstract: Premature and high-risk infants require accurate delivery of nutrients to promote appropriate growth. Continuous enteral feeding methods may result in significant fat and micronutrient loss. This study evaluated fat loss in enteral nutrition using current strategies for providing high-risk infants fortified human milk (HM). The fat content of HM was measured by IR analyzer in a simulated feeding system using the Kangaroo epumpTM and the MedFusionTM 2010 pump. Comparisons in fat loss were made between HM, HM supplemented with donor HM-derived fortifier Prolacta+H2MFTM (H2MF), and HM supplemented with H2MF and donor HM-derived cream ProlactCRTM (cream). When using the Kangaroo epumpTM, the addition of H2MF and cream to HM increased fat delivery efficiency from 75.0%±1.2% to 83.7%±1.0% (p<0.0001). When using the MedFusionTM 2010 pump, the addition of H2MF to HM increased fat delivery efficiency from 83.2%±2.8% to 88.8%±0.8% (p<0.05), and the addition of H2MF and cream increased fat delivery efficiency to 92.0%±0.3% (p<0.01). The addition of H2MF and cream to HM provides both the benefits of bioactive elements from mother's milk and increased fat delivery, making the addition of H2MF and cream an appropriate method to improve infant weight gain.
authors: Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX 77005, USA. tabata@alumni.rice.edu.
authors: Mika
authors: M
authors: Tabata
authors: Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 4200 Fifth Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA. kha9@pitt.edu.
authors: Khaled
authors: K
authors: Abdelrahman
authors: Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Agriculture/Agriculture Research Service, Department of Pediatrics, United States Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, 1100 Bates Ave., Houston, TX 77030, USA. abhair@bcm.edu.
authors: Amy B
authors: AB
authors: Hair
authors: Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Agriculture/Agriculture Research Service, Department of Pediatrics, United States Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, 1100 Bates Ave., Houston, TX 77030, USA. kelih@bcm.edu.
authors: Keli M
authors: KM
authors: Hawthorne
authors: Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Agriculture/Agriculture Research Service, Department of Pediatrics, United States Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, 1100 Bates Ave., Houston, TX 77030, USA. zchen1@bcm.edu.
authors: Zhensheng
authors: Z
authors: Chen
authors: Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Agriculture/Agriculture Research Service, Department of Pediatrics, United States Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, 1100 Bates Ave., Houston, TX 77030, USA. sabrams@bcm.edu.
authors: Steven A
authors: SA
authors: Abrams
mesh_terms: D004750:Enteral Nutrition / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005527:Food, Fortified; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007227:Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature / Q000254:growth & development*; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight / Q000254:growth & development*; D008297:Male; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000737:chemistry*; D009751:Nutritional Requirements / Q000502:physiology; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D018977:Micronutrients