title: Phylogenomics of phrynosomatid lizards: conflicting signals from sequence capture versus restriction site associated DNA sequencing.
abstract: Sequence capture and restriction site associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) are popular methods for obtaining large numbers of loci for phylogenetic analysis. These methods are typically used to collect data at different evolutionary timescales; sequence capture is primarily used for obtaining conserved loci, whereas RADseq is designed for discovering single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) suitable for population genetic or phylogeographic analyses. Phylogenetic questions that span both "recent" and "deep" timescales could benefit from either type of data, but studies that directly compare the two approaches are lacking. We compared phylogenies estimated from sequence capture and double digest RADseq (ddRADseq) data for North American phrynosomatid lizards, a species-rich and diverse group containing nine genera that began diversifying approximately 55 Ma. Sequence capture resulted in 584 loci that provided a consistent and strong phylogeny using concatenation and species tree inference. However, the phylogeny estimated from the ddRADseq data was sensitive to the bioinformatics steps used for determining homology, detecting paralogs, and filtering missing data. The topological conflicts among the SNP trees were not restricted to any particular timescale, but instead were associated with short internal branches. Species tree analysis of the largest SNP assembly, which also included the most missing data, supported a topology that matched the sequence capture tree. This preferred phylogeny provides strong support for the paraphyly of the earless lizard genera Holbrookia and Cophosaurus, suggesting that the earless morphology either evolved twice or evolved once and was subsequently lost in Callisaurus.
authors: Department of Biology, University of Washington Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, Seattle, Washington leache@uw.edu.
authors: Adam D
authors: AD
authors: Leaché
authors: Department of Biology, University of Washington Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, Seattle, Washington Present address: Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California Berkeley, CA.
authors: Andreas S
authors: AS
authors: Chavez
authors: Department of Biology, University of Washington Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, Seattle, Washington.
authors: Leonard N
authors: LN
authors: Jones
authors: Department of Biology, University of Washington Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, Seattle, Washington.
authors: Jared A
authors: JA
authors: Grummer
authors: Department of Biology, San Diego State University Department of Biology, University of California Riverside.
authors: Andrew D
authors: AD
authors: Gottscho
authors: Department of Biology, University of Washington.
authors: Charles W
authors: CW
authors: Linkem
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004262:DNA Restriction Enzymes; D023281:Genomics; D008116:Lizards / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D004262:DNA Restriction Enzymes
keywords: RADseq; coalescence; ddRADseq; incomplete lineage sorting; single nucleotide polymorphism; species tree; ultraconserved elements