title: Range of motion as a predictor of clinical shoulder pain during recovery from delayed-onset muscle soreness.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Athletic trainers use clinical pain and range of motion (ROM) to gauge recovery after musculoskeletal injury. Limited evidence to date suggests which shoulder ROM measures can predict symptomatic relief and functional recovery after delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether shoulder passive internal rotation, passive external rotation, active abduction, and active flexion and evoked pain with abduction are associated with resting pain experienced after exercise-induced DOMS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Descriptive laboratory study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Controlled research laboratory.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 110 healthy, right-hand-dominant participants (44 men: age = 25.39 ± 7.00 years, height = 178.93 ± 7.01 cm, weight = 78.59 ± 14.04 kg; 66 women: age = 22.98 ± 6.11 years, height = 164.64 ± 6.94 cm, weight = 61.86 ± 11.67 kg).
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants completed an exercise-induced DOMS protocol for the external rotators of the dominant shoulder to replicate muscle injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Current resting pain was assessed daily for 96 hours using the Brief Pain Inventory. We evaluated functional recovery with measures of ROM in abduction, internal rotation, external rotation, and flexion. Evoked pain with active abduction was reported, and the pain rating served as the dependent variable in the regression model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Impairment measures explained resting pain at 48 (R2 = 0.392) and 96 hours (R2 = 0.164). Abduction and internal-rotation ROM and evoked pain with abduction predicted resting pain at 48 hours (P < .001). At 96 hours, evoked pain with abduction of the injured arm (P < .001) was the significant contributor to resting pain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These models suggest that resting pain after experimentally induced DOMS occurs at 48 hours and is associated with specific ranges of motion and evoked pain with abduction.
authors: University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada;
authors: Kelly A
authors: KA
authors: Larkin-Kaiser
authors: Jeffrey J
authors: JJ
authors: Parr
authors: Paul A
authors: PA
authors: Borsa
authors: Steven Z
authors: SZ
authors: George
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D063806:Myalgia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods; D011379:Prognosis; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012399:Rotation; D000070599:Shoulder Injuries; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000503:physiopathology; D020069:Shoulder Pain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D017695:Soft Tissue Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: functional impairment; glenohumeral joint; upper extremity