title: Magnetic resonance imaging findings in patients presenting with (sub)acute cerebellar ataxia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Acute or subacute cerebellar inflammation is mainly caused by postinfectious, toxic, neoplastic, vascular, or idiopathic processes and can result in cerebellar ataxia. Previous magnetic resonance (MR) studies in single patients who developed acute or subacute ataxia showed varying imaging features.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen patients presenting with acute and subacute onset of ataxia were included in this study. Cases of chronic-progressive/hereditary and noncerebellar causes (ischemia, multiple sclerosis lesions, metastasis, bleedings) were excluded. MR imaging findings were then matched with the clinical history of the patient.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An underlying etiology for ataxic symptoms were found in 14/18 patients (postinfectious/infectious, paraneoplastic, autoimmune, drug-induced). In two of five patients without MR imaging findings and three of eight patients with minimal imaging features (cerebellar atrophy, slight signal alterations, and small areas of restricted diffusion), adverse clinical outcomes were documented. Of the five patients with prominent MR findings (cerebellar swelling, contrast enhancement, or broad signal abnormalities), two were lost to follow-up and two showed long-term sequelae.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No correlation was found between the presence of initial MRI findings in subacute or acute ataxia patients and their long-term clinical outcome. MR imaging was more flagrantly positive in cases due to encephalitis.
authors: Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, Haus Ost 22, 20246, Hamburg, Germany, tan.schneider@uke.de.
authors: Tanja
authors: T
authors: Schneider
authors: Götz
authors: G
authors: Thomalla
authors: Einar
authors: E
authors: Goebell
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: Piotrowski
authors: David Mark
authors: DM
authors: Yousem
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002524:Cerebellar Ataxia / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D063868:Patient Outcome Assessment; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult