title: Epidemiology of human pulmonary infection with nontuberculous mycobacteria: a review.
abstract: Population-based data have documented a worldwide increase in the prevalence of human nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections since 2000. Mycobacterium avium complex is predominant in North America and East Asia, whereas in regions within Europe, M kansasii, M xenopi, and M malmoense are more common. Host factors important to the current epidemiology of NTM pulmonary disease include thoracic skeletal abnormalities, rheumatoid arthritis, and use of immunomodulatory drugs. Clustering of disease within families suggests a heritable genetic predisposition to disease susceptibility. Warm, humid environments with high atmospheric vapor pressure contribute to population risk.
authors: Epidemiology Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 15B-1, 8 West Drive, MSC 2665, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Electronic address: rprevots@niaid.nih.gov.
authors: D Rebecca
authors: DR
authors: Prevots
authors: Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto and Toronto Western Hospital, 399 Bathurst Street, 7E-452, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada.
authors: Theodore K
authors: TK
authors: Marras
mesh_terms: D014943:Global Health; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D009165:Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D009170:Nontuberculous Mycobacteria / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D015995:Prevalence
keywords: Epidemiology; Global; Nontuberculous mycobacteria; Pulmonary disease