title: BRAF mutation and CDKN2A deletion define a clinically distinct subgroup of childhood secondary high-grade glioma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To uncover the genetic events leading to transformation of pediatric low-grade glioma (PLGG) to secondary high-grade glioma (sHGG).
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively identified patients with sHGG from a population-based cohort of 886 patients with PLGG with long clinical follow-up. Exome sequencing and array CGH were performed on available samples followed by detailed genetic analysis of the entire sHGG cohort. Clinical and outcome data of genetically distinct subgroups were obtained.
  
  
  RESULTS
  sHGG was observed in 2.9% of PLGGs (26 of 886 patients). Patients with sHGG had a high frequency of nonsilent somatic mutations compared with patients with primary pediatric high-grade glioma (HGG; median, 25 mutations per exome; P = .0042). Alterations in chromatin-modifying genes and telomere-maintenance pathways were commonly observed, whereas no sHGG harbored the BRAF-KIAA1549 fusion. The most recurrent alterations were BRAF V600E and CDKN2A deletion in 39% and 57% of sHGGs, respectively. Importantly, all BRAF V600E and 80% of CDKN2A alterations could be traced back to their PLGG counterparts. BRAF V600E distinguished sHGG from primary HGG (P = .0023), whereas BRAF and CDKN2A alterations were less commonly observed in PLGG that did not transform (P < .001 and P < .001 respectively). PLGGs with BRAF mutations had longer latency to transformation than wild-type PLGG (median, 6.65 years [range, 3.5 to 20.3 years] v 1.59 years [range, 0.32 to 15.9 years], respectively; P = .0389). Furthermore, 5-year overall survival was 75% ± 15% and 29% ± 12% for children with BRAF mutant and wild-type tumors, respectively (P = .024).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BRAF V600E mutations and CDKN2A deletions constitute a clinically distinct subtype of sHGG. The prolonged course to transformation for BRAF V600E PLGGs provides an opportunity for surgical interventions, surveillance, and targeted therapies to mitigate the outcome of sHGG.
authors: Matthew Mistry, Nataliya Zhukova, Daniele Merico, Rahul Krishnatry, Mary Shago, James Stavropoulos, Noa Alon, Peter N. Ray, Vilma Navickiene, Joshua Mangerel, Marc Remke, Vijay Ramaswamy, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Martin Li, Edwin J. Young, Cindy Zhang, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Doua Bakry, Suzanne Laughlin, James T. Rutka, Peter B. Dirks, Michael D. Taylor, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori; The Hospital for Sick Children; Matthew Mistry, Patricia Rakopoulos, Rahul Krishnatry, Joshua Mangerel, Pawel Buczkowicz, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Doua Bakry, Adam Shlien, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori, University of Toronto; Jason D. Pole, Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario; Jennifer Chan, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Pedro Castelo-Branco, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Keith L. Ligon, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer Center, Boston, MA.
authors: Matthew
authors: M
authors: Mistry
authors: Matthew Mistry, Nataliya Zhukova, Daniele Merico, Rahul Krishnatry, Mary Shago, James Stavropoulos, Noa Alon, Peter N. Ray, Vilma Navickiene, Joshua Mangerel, Marc Remke, Vijay Ramaswamy, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Martin Li, Edwin J. Young, Cindy Zhang, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Doua Bakry, Suzanne Laughlin, James T. Rutka, Peter B. Dirks, Michael D. Taylor, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori; The Hospital for Sick Children; Matthew Mistry, Patricia Rakopoulos, Rahul Krishnatry, Joshua Mangerel, Pawel Buczkowicz, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Doua Bakry, Adam Shlien, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori, University of Toronto; Jason D. Pole, Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario; Jennifer Chan, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Pedro Castelo-Branco, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Keith L. Ligon, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer Center, Boston, MA.
authors: Nataliya
authors: N
authors: Zhukova
authors: Matthew Mistry, Nataliya Zhukova, Daniele Merico, Rahul Krishnatry, Mary Shago, James Stavropoulos, Noa Alon, Peter N. Ray, Vilma Navickiene, Joshua Mangerel, Marc Remke, Vijay Ramaswamy, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Martin Li, Edwin J. Young, Cindy Zhang, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Doua Bakry, Suzanne Laughlin, James T. Rutka, Peter B. Dirks, Michael D. Taylor, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori; The Hospital for Sick Children; Matthew Mistry, Patricia Rakopoulos, Rahul Krishnatry, Joshua Mangerel, Pawel Buczkowicz, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Doua Bakry, Adam Shlien, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori, University of Toronto; Jason D. Pole, Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario; Jennifer Chan, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Pedro Castelo-Branco, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Keith L. Ligon, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer Center, Boston, MA.
authors: Daniele
authors: D
authors: Merico
authors: Matthew Mistry, Nataliya Zhukova, Daniele Merico, Rahul Krishnatry, Mary Shago, James Stavropoulos, Noa Alon, Peter N. Ray, Vilma Navickiene, Joshua Mangerel, Marc Remke, Vijay Ramaswamy, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Martin Li, Edwin J. Young, Cindy Zhang, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Doua Bakry, Suzanne Laughlin, James T. Rutka, Peter B. Dirks, Michael D. Taylor, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori; The Hospital for Sick Children; Matthew Mistry, Patricia Rakopoulos, Rahul Krishnatry, Joshua Mangerel, Pawel Buczkowicz, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Doua Bakry, Adam Shlien, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori, University of Toronto; Jason D. Pole, Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario; Jennifer Chan, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Pedro Castelo-Branco, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Keith L. Ligon, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer Center, Boston, MA.
authors: Patricia
authors: P
authors: Rakopoulos
authors: Matthew Mistry, Nataliya Zhukova, Daniele Merico, Rahul Krishnatry, Mary Shago, James Stavropoulos, Noa Alon, Peter N. Ray, Vilma Navickiene, Joshua Mangerel, Marc Remke, Vijay Ramaswamy, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Martin Li, Edwin J. Young, Cindy Zhang, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Doua Bakry, Suzanne Laughlin, James T. Rutka, Peter B. Dirks, Michael D. Taylor, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori; The Hospital for Sick Children; Matthew Mistry, Patricia Rakopoulos, Rahul Krishnatry, Joshua Mangerel, Pawel Buczkowicz, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Doua Bakry, Adam Shlien, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori, University of Toronto; Jason D. Pole, Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario; Jennifer Chan, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Pedro Castelo-Branco, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Keith L. Ligon, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer Center, Boston, MA.
authors: Rahul
authors: R
authors: Krishnatry
authors: Matthew Mistry, Nataliya Zhukova, Daniele Merico, Rahul Krishnatry, Mary Shago, James Stavropoulos, Noa Alon, Peter N. Ray, Vilma Navickiene, Joshua Mangerel, Marc Remke, Vijay Ramaswamy, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Martin Li, Edwin J. Young, Cindy Zhang, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Doua Bakry, Suzanne Laughlin, James T. Rutka, Peter B. Dirks, Michael D. Taylor, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori; The Hospital for Sick Children; Matthew Mistry, Patricia Rakopoulos, Rahul Krishnatry, Joshua Mangerel, Pawel Buczkowicz, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Doua Bakry, Adam Shlien, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori, University of Toronto; Jason D. Pole, Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario; Jennifer Chan, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Pedro Castelo-Branco, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Keith L. Ligon, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer Center, Boston, MA.
authors: Mary
authors: M
authors: Shago
authors: Matthew Mistry, Nataliya Zhukova, Daniele Merico, Rahul Krishnatry, Mary Shago, James Stavropoulos, Noa Alon, Peter N. Ray, Vilma Navickiene, Joshua Mangerel, Marc Remke, Vijay Ramaswamy, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Martin Li, Edwin J. Young, Cindy Zhang, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Doua Bakry, Suzanne Laughlin, James T. Rutka, Peter B. Dirks, Michael D. Taylor, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori; The Hospital for Sick Children; Matthew Mistry, Patricia Rakopoulos, Rahul Krishnatry, Joshua Mangerel, Pawel Buczkowicz, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Doua Bakry, Adam Shlien, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori, University of Toronto; Jason D. Pole, Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario; Jennifer Chan, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Pedro Castelo-Branco, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Keith L. Ligon, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer Center, Boston, MA.
authors: James
authors: J
authors: Stavropoulos
authors: Matthew Mistry, Nataliya Zhukova, Daniele Merico, Rahul Krishnatry, Mary Shago, James Stavropoulos, Noa Alon, Peter N. Ray, Vilma Navickiene, Joshua Mangerel, Marc Remke, Vijay Ramaswamy, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Martin Li, Edwin J. Young, Cindy Zhang, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Doua Bakry, Suzanne Laughlin, James T. Rutka, Peter B. Dirks, Michael D. Taylor, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori; The Hospital for Sick Children; Matthew Mistry, Patricia Rakopoulos, Rahul Krishnatry, Joshua Mangerel, Pawel Buczkowicz, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Doua Bakry, Adam Shlien, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori, University of Toronto; Jason D. Pole, Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario; Jennifer Chan, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Pedro Castelo-Branco, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Keith L. Ligon, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer Center, Boston, MA.
authors: Noa
authors: N
authors: Alon
authors: Matthew Mistry, Nataliya Zhukova, Daniele Merico, Rahul Krishnatry, Mary Shago, James Stavropoulos, Noa Alon, Peter N. Ray, Vilma Navickiene, Joshua Mangerel, Marc Remke, Vijay Ramaswamy, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Martin Li, Edwin J. Young, Cindy Zhang, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Doua Bakry, Suzanne Laughlin, James T. Rutka, Peter B. Dirks, Michael D. Taylor, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori; The Hospital for Sick Children; Matthew Mistry, Patricia Rakopoulos, Rahul Krishnatry, Joshua Mangerel, Pawel Buczkowicz, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Doua Bakry, Adam Shlien, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori, University of Toronto; Jason D. Pole, Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario; Jennifer Chan, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Pedro Castelo-Branco, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Keith L. Ligon, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer Center, Boston, MA.
authors: Jason D
authors: JD
authors: Pole
authors: Matthew Mistry, Nataliya Zhukova, Daniele Merico, Rahul Krishnatry, Mary Shago, James Stavropoulos, Noa Alon, Peter N. Ray, Vilma Navickiene, Joshua Mangerel, Marc Remke, Vijay Ramaswamy, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Martin Li, Edwin J. Young, Cindy Zhang, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Doua Bakry, Suzanne Laughlin, James T. Rutka, Peter B. Dirks, Michael D. Taylor, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori; The Hospital for Sick Children; Matthew Mistry, Patricia Rakopoulos, Rahul Krishnatry, Joshua Mangerel, Pawel Buczkowicz, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Doua Bakry, Adam Shlien, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori, University of Toronto; Jason D. Pole, Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario; Jennifer Chan, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Pedro Castelo-Branco, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Keith L. Ligon, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer Center, Boston, MA.
authors: Peter N
authors: PN
authors: Ray
authors: Matthew Mistry, Nataliya Zhukova, Daniele Merico, Rahul Krishnatry, Mary Shago, James Stavropoulos, Noa Alon, Peter N. Ray, Vilma Navickiene, Joshua Mangerel, Marc Remke, Vijay Ramaswamy, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Martin Li, Edwin J. Young, Cindy Zhang, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Doua Bakry, Suzanne Laughlin, James T. Rutka, Peter B. Dirks, Michael D. Taylor, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori; The Hospital for Sick Children; Matthew Mistry, Patricia Rakopoulos, Rahul Krishnatry, Joshua Mangerel, Pawel Buczkowicz, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Doua Bakry, Adam Shlien, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori, University of Toronto; Jason D. Pole, Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario; Jennifer Chan, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Pedro Castelo-Branco, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Keith L. Ligon, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer Center, Boston, MA.
authors: Vilma
authors: V
authors: Navickiene
authors: Matthew Mistry, Nataliya Zhukova, Daniele Merico, Rahul Krishnatry, Mary Shago, James Stavropoulos, Noa Alon, Peter N. Ray, Vilma Navickiene, Joshua Mangerel, Marc Remke, Vijay Ramaswamy, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Martin Li, Edwin J. Young, Cindy Zhang, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Doua Bakry, Suzanne Laughlin, James T. Rutka, Peter B. Dirks, Michael D. Taylor, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori; The Hospital for Sick Children; Matthew Mistry, Patricia Rakopoulos, Rahul Krishnatry, Joshua Mangerel, Pawel Buczkowicz, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Doua Bakry, Adam Shlien, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori, University of Toronto; Jason D. Pole, Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario; Jennifer Chan, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Pedro Castelo-Branco, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Keith L. Ligon, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer Center, Boston, MA.
authors: Joshua
authors: J
authors: Mangerel
authors: Matthew Mistry, Nataliya Zhukova, Daniele Merico, Rahul Krishnatry, Mary Shago, James Stavropoulos, Noa Alon, Peter N. Ray, Vilma Navickiene, Joshua Mangerel, Marc Remke, Vijay Ramaswamy, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Martin Li, Edwin J. Young, Cindy Zhang, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Doua Bakry, Suzanne Laughlin, James T. Rutka, Peter B. Dirks, Michael D. Taylor, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori; The Hospital for Sick Children; Matthew Mistry, Patricia Rakopoulos, Rahul Krishnatry, Joshua Mangerel, Pawel Buczkowicz, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Doua Bakry, Adam Shlien, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori, University of Toronto; Jason D. Pole, Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario; Jennifer Chan, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Pedro Castelo-Branco, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Keith L. Ligon, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer Center, Boston, MA.
authors: Marc
authors: M
authors: Remke
authors: Matthew Mistry, Nataliya Zhukova, Daniele Merico, Rahul Krishnatry, Mary Shago, James Stavropoulos, Noa Alon, Peter N. Ray, Vilma Navickiene, Joshua Mangerel, Marc Remke, Vijay Ramaswamy, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Martin Li, Edwin J. Young, Cindy Zhang, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Doua Bakry, Suzanne Laughlin, James T. Rutka, Peter B. Dirks, Michael D. Taylor, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori; The Hospital for Sick Children; Matthew Mistry, Patricia Rakopoulos, Rahul Krishnatry, Joshua Mangerel, Pawel Buczkowicz, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Doua Bakry, Adam Shlien, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori, University of Toronto; Jason D. Pole, Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario; Jennifer Chan, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Pedro Castelo-Branco, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Keith L. Ligon, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer Center, Boston, MA.
authors: Pawel
authors: P
authors: Buczkowicz
authors: Matthew Mistry, Nataliya Zhukova, Daniele Merico, Rahul Krishnatry, Mary Shago, James Stavropoulos, Noa Alon, Peter N. Ray, Vilma Navickiene, Joshua Mangerel, Marc Remke, Vijay Ramaswamy, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Martin Li, Edwin J. Young, Cindy Zhang, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Doua Bakry, Suzanne Laughlin, James T. Rutka, Peter B. Dirks, Michael D. Taylor, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori; The Hospital for Sick Children; Matthew Mistry, Patricia Rakopoulos, Rahul Krishnatry, Joshua Mangerel, Pawel Buczkowicz, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Doua Bakry, Adam Shlien, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori, University of Toronto; Jason D. Pole, Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario; Jennifer Chan, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Pedro Castelo-Branco, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Keith L. Ligon, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer Center, Boston, MA.
authors: Vijay
authors: V
authors: Ramaswamy
authors: Matthew Mistry, Nataliya Zhukova, Daniele Merico, Rahul Krishnatry, Mary Shago, James Stavropoulos, Noa Alon, Peter N. Ray, Vilma Navickiene, Joshua Mangerel, Marc Remke, Vijay Ramaswamy, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Martin Li, Edwin J. Young, Cindy Zhang, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Doua Bakry, Suzanne Laughlin, James T. Rutka, Peter B. Dirks, Michael D. Taylor, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori; The Hospital for Sick Children; Matthew Mistry, Patricia Rakopoulos, Rahul Krishnatry, Joshua Mangerel, Pawel Buczkowicz, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Doua Bakry, Adam Shlien, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori, University of Toronto; Jason D. Pole, Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario; Jennifer Chan, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Pedro Castelo-Branco, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Keith L. Ligon, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer Center, Boston, MA.
authors: Ana
authors: A
authors: Guerreiro Stucklin
authors: Matthew Mistry, Nataliya Zhukova, Daniele Merico, Rahul Krishnatry, Mary Shago, James Stavropoulos, Noa Alon, Peter N. Ray, Vilma Navickiene, Joshua Mangerel, Marc Remke, Vijay Ramaswamy, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Martin Li, Edwin J. Young, Cindy Zhang, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Doua Bakry, Suzanne Laughlin, James T. Rutka, Peter B. Dirks, Michael D. Taylor, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori; The Hospital for Sick Children; Matthew Mistry, Patricia Rakopoulos, Rahul Krishnatry, Joshua Mangerel, Pawel Buczkowicz, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Doua Bakry, Adam Shlien, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori, University of Toronto; Jason D. Pole, Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario; Jennifer Chan, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Pedro Castelo-Branco, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Keith L. Ligon, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer Center, Boston, MA.
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Li
authors: Matthew Mistry, Nataliya Zhukova, Daniele Merico, Rahul Krishnatry, Mary Shago, James Stavropoulos, Noa Alon, Peter N. Ray, Vilma Navickiene, Joshua Mangerel, Marc Remke, Vijay Ramaswamy, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Martin Li, Edwin J. Young, Cindy Zhang, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Doua Bakry, Suzanne Laughlin, James T. Rutka, Peter B. Dirks, Michael D. Taylor, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori; The Hospital for Sick Children; Matthew Mistry, Patricia Rakopoulos, Rahul Krishnatry, Joshua Mangerel, Pawel Buczkowicz, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Doua Bakry, Adam Shlien, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori, University of Toronto; Jason D. Pole, Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario; Jennifer Chan, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Pedro Castelo-Branco, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Keith L. Ligon, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer Center, Boston, MA.
authors: Edwin J
authors: EJ
authors: Young
authors: Matthew Mistry, Nataliya Zhukova, Daniele Merico, Rahul Krishnatry, Mary Shago, James Stavropoulos, Noa Alon, Peter N. Ray, Vilma Navickiene, Joshua Mangerel, Marc Remke, Vijay Ramaswamy, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Martin Li, Edwin J. Young, Cindy Zhang, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Doua Bakry, Suzanne Laughlin, James T. Rutka, Peter B. Dirks, Michael D. Taylor, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori; The Hospital for Sick Children; Matthew Mistry, Patricia Rakopoulos, Rahul Krishnatry, Joshua Mangerel, Pawel Buczkowicz, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Doua Bakry, Adam Shlien, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori, University of Toronto; Jason D. Pole, Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario; Jennifer Chan, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Pedro Castelo-Branco, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Keith L. Ligon, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer Center, Boston, MA.
authors: Cindy
authors: C
authors: Zhang
authors: Matthew Mistry, Nataliya Zhukova, Daniele Merico, Rahul Krishnatry, Mary Shago, James Stavropoulos, Noa Alon, Peter N. Ray, Vilma Navickiene, Joshua Mangerel, Marc Remke, Vijay Ramaswamy, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Martin Li, Edwin J. Young, Cindy Zhang, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Doua Bakry, Suzanne Laughlin, James T. Rutka, Peter B. Dirks, Michael D. Taylor, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori; The Hospital for Sick Children; Matthew Mistry, Patricia Rakopoulos, Rahul Krishnatry, Joshua Mangerel, Pawel Buczkowicz, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Doua Bakry, Adam Shlien, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori, University of Toronto; Jason D. Pole, Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario; Jennifer Chan, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Pedro Castelo-Branco, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Keith L. Ligon, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer Center, Boston, MA.
authors: Pedro
authors: P
authors: Castelo-Branco
authors: Matthew Mistry, Nataliya Zhukova, Daniele Merico, Rahul Krishnatry, Mary Shago, James Stavropoulos, Noa Alon, Peter N. Ray, Vilma Navickiene, Joshua Mangerel, Marc Remke, Vijay Ramaswamy, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Martin Li, Edwin J. Young, Cindy Zhang, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Doua Bakry, Suzanne Laughlin, James T. Rutka, Peter B. Dirks, Michael D. Taylor, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori; The Hospital for Sick Children; Matthew Mistry, Patricia Rakopoulos, Rahul Krishnatry, Joshua Mangerel, Pawel Buczkowicz, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Doua Bakry, Adam Shlien, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori, University of Toronto; Jason D. Pole, Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario; Jennifer Chan, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Pedro Castelo-Branco, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Keith L. Ligon, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer Center, Boston, MA.
authors: Doua
authors: D
authors: Bakry
authors: Matthew Mistry, Nataliya Zhukova, Daniele Merico, Rahul Krishnatry, Mary Shago, James Stavropoulos, Noa Alon, Peter N. Ray, Vilma Navickiene, Joshua Mangerel, Marc Remke, Vijay Ramaswamy, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Martin Li, Edwin J. Young, Cindy Zhang, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Doua Bakry, Suzanne Laughlin, James T. Rutka, Peter B. Dirks, Michael D. Taylor, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori; The Hospital for Sick Children; Matthew Mistry, Patricia Rakopoulos, Rahul Krishnatry, Joshua Mangerel, Pawel Buczkowicz, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Doua Bakry, Adam Shlien, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori, University of Toronto; Jason D. Pole, Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario; Jennifer Chan, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Pedro Castelo-Branco, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Keith L. Ligon, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer Center, Boston, MA.
authors: Suzanne
authors: S
authors: Laughlin
authors: Matthew Mistry, Nataliya Zhukova, Daniele Merico, Rahul Krishnatry, Mary Shago, James Stavropoulos, Noa Alon, Peter N. Ray, Vilma Navickiene, Joshua Mangerel, Marc Remke, Vijay Ramaswamy, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Martin Li, Edwin J. Young, Cindy Zhang, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Doua Bakry, Suzanne Laughlin, James T. Rutka, Peter B. Dirks, Michael D. Taylor, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori; The Hospital for Sick Children; Matthew Mistry, Patricia Rakopoulos, Rahul Krishnatry, Joshua Mangerel, Pawel Buczkowicz, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Doua Bakry, Adam Shlien, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori, University of Toronto; Jason D. Pole, Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario; Jennifer Chan, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Pedro Castelo-Branco, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Keith L. Ligon, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer Center, Boston, MA.
authors: Adam
authors: A
authors: Shlien
authors: Matthew Mistry, Nataliya Zhukova, Daniele Merico, Rahul Krishnatry, Mary Shago, James Stavropoulos, Noa Alon, Peter N. Ray, Vilma Navickiene, Joshua Mangerel, Marc Remke, Vijay Ramaswamy, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Martin Li, Edwin J. Young, Cindy Zhang, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Doua Bakry, Suzanne Laughlin, James T. Rutka, Peter B. Dirks, Michael D. Taylor, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori; The Hospital for Sick Children; Matthew Mistry, Patricia Rakopoulos, Rahul Krishnatry, Joshua Mangerel, Pawel Buczkowicz, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Doua Bakry, Adam Shlien, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori, University of Toronto; Jason D. Pole, Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario; Jennifer Chan, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Pedro Castelo-Branco, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Keith L. Ligon, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer Center, Boston, MA.
authors: Jennifer
authors: J
authors: Chan
authors: Matthew Mistry, Nataliya Zhukova, Daniele Merico, Rahul Krishnatry, Mary Shago, James Stavropoulos, Noa Alon, Peter N. Ray, Vilma Navickiene, Joshua Mangerel, Marc Remke, Vijay Ramaswamy, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Martin Li, Edwin J. Young, Cindy Zhang, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Doua Bakry, Suzanne Laughlin, James T. Rutka, Peter B. Dirks, Michael D. Taylor, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori; The Hospital for Sick Children; Matthew Mistry, Patricia Rakopoulos, Rahul Krishnatry, Joshua Mangerel, Pawel Buczkowicz, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Doua Bakry, Adam Shlien, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori, University of Toronto; Jason D. Pole, Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario; Jennifer Chan, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Pedro Castelo-Branco, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Keith L. Ligon, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer Center, Boston, MA.
authors: Keith L
authors: KL
authors: Ligon
authors: Matthew Mistry, Nataliya Zhukova, Daniele Merico, Rahul Krishnatry, Mary Shago, James Stavropoulos, Noa Alon, Peter N. Ray, Vilma Navickiene, Joshua Mangerel, Marc Remke, Vijay Ramaswamy, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Martin Li, Edwin J. Young, Cindy Zhang, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Doua Bakry, Suzanne Laughlin, James T. Rutka, Peter B. Dirks, Michael D. Taylor, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori; The Hospital for Sick Children; Matthew Mistry, Patricia Rakopoulos, Rahul Krishnatry, Joshua Mangerel, Pawel Buczkowicz, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Doua Bakry, Adam Shlien, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori, University of Toronto; Jason D. Pole, Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario; Jennifer Chan, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Pedro Castelo-Branco, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Keith L. Ligon, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer Center, Boston, MA.
authors: James T
authors: JT
authors: Rutka
authors: Matthew Mistry, Nataliya Zhukova, Daniele Merico, Rahul Krishnatry, Mary Shago, James Stavropoulos, Noa Alon, Peter N. Ray, Vilma Navickiene, Joshua Mangerel, Marc Remke, Vijay Ramaswamy, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Martin Li, Edwin J. Young, Cindy Zhang, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Doua Bakry, Suzanne Laughlin, James T. Rutka, Peter B. Dirks, Michael D. Taylor, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori; The Hospital for Sick Children; Matthew Mistry, Patricia Rakopoulos, Rahul Krishnatry, Joshua Mangerel, Pawel Buczkowicz, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Doua Bakry, Adam Shlien, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori, University of Toronto; Jason D. Pole, Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario; Jennifer Chan, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Pedro Castelo-Branco, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Keith L. Ligon, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer Center, Boston, MA.
authors: Peter B
authors: PB
authors: Dirks
authors: Matthew Mistry, Nataliya Zhukova, Daniele Merico, Rahul Krishnatry, Mary Shago, James Stavropoulos, Noa Alon, Peter N. Ray, Vilma Navickiene, Joshua Mangerel, Marc Remke, Vijay Ramaswamy, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Martin Li, Edwin J. Young, Cindy Zhang, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Doua Bakry, Suzanne Laughlin, James T. Rutka, Peter B. Dirks, Michael D. Taylor, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori; The Hospital for Sick Children; Matthew Mistry, Patricia Rakopoulos, Rahul Krishnatry, Joshua Mangerel, Pawel Buczkowicz, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Doua Bakry, Adam Shlien, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori, University of Toronto; Jason D. Pole, Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario; Jennifer Chan, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Pedro Castelo-Branco, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Keith L. Ligon, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer Center, Boston, MA.
authors: Michael D
authors: MD
authors: Taylor
authors: Matthew Mistry, Nataliya Zhukova, Daniele Merico, Rahul Krishnatry, Mary Shago, James Stavropoulos, Noa Alon, Peter N. Ray, Vilma Navickiene, Joshua Mangerel, Marc Remke, Vijay Ramaswamy, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Martin Li, Edwin J. Young, Cindy Zhang, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Doua Bakry, Suzanne Laughlin, James T. Rutka, Peter B. Dirks, Michael D. Taylor, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori; The Hospital for Sick Children; Matthew Mistry, Patricia Rakopoulos, Rahul Krishnatry, Joshua Mangerel, Pawel Buczkowicz, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Doua Bakry, Adam Shlien, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori, University of Toronto; Jason D. Pole, Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario; Jennifer Chan, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Pedro Castelo-Branco, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Keith L. Ligon, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer Center, Boston, MA.
authors: Mark
authors: M
authors: Greenberg
authors: Matthew Mistry, Nataliya Zhukova, Daniele Merico, Rahul Krishnatry, Mary Shago, James Stavropoulos, Noa Alon, Peter N. Ray, Vilma Navickiene, Joshua Mangerel, Marc Remke, Vijay Ramaswamy, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Martin Li, Edwin J. Young, Cindy Zhang, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Doua Bakry, Suzanne Laughlin, James T. Rutka, Peter B. Dirks, Michael D. Taylor, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori; The Hospital for Sick Children; Matthew Mistry, Patricia Rakopoulos, Rahul Krishnatry, Joshua Mangerel, Pawel Buczkowicz, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Doua Bakry, Adam Shlien, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori, University of Toronto; Jason D. Pole, Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario; Jennifer Chan, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Pedro Castelo-Branco, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Keith L. Ligon, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer Center, Boston, MA.
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Malkin
authors: Matthew Mistry, Nataliya Zhukova, Daniele Merico, Rahul Krishnatry, Mary Shago, James Stavropoulos, Noa Alon, Peter N. Ray, Vilma Navickiene, Joshua Mangerel, Marc Remke, Vijay Ramaswamy, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Martin Li, Edwin J. Young, Cindy Zhang, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Doua Bakry, Suzanne Laughlin, James T. Rutka, Peter B. Dirks, Michael D. Taylor, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori; The Hospital for Sick Children; Matthew Mistry, Patricia Rakopoulos, Rahul Krishnatry, Joshua Mangerel, Pawel Buczkowicz, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Doua Bakry, Adam Shlien, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori, University of Toronto; Jason D. Pole, Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario; Jennifer Chan, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Pedro Castelo-Branco, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Keith L. Ligon, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer Center, Boston, MA.
authors: Annie
authors: A
authors: Huang
authors: Matthew Mistry, Nataliya Zhukova, Daniele Merico, Rahul Krishnatry, Mary Shago, James Stavropoulos, Noa Alon, Peter N. Ray, Vilma Navickiene, Joshua Mangerel, Marc Remke, Vijay Ramaswamy, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Martin Li, Edwin J. Young, Cindy Zhang, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Doua Bakry, Suzanne Laughlin, James T. Rutka, Peter B. Dirks, Michael D. Taylor, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori; The Hospital for Sick Children; Matthew Mistry, Patricia Rakopoulos, Rahul Krishnatry, Joshua Mangerel, Pawel Buczkowicz, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Doua Bakry, Adam Shlien, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori, University of Toronto; Jason D. Pole, Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario; Jennifer Chan, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Pedro Castelo-Branco, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Keith L. Ligon, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer Center, Boston, MA.
authors: Eric
authors: E
authors: Bouffet
authors: Matthew Mistry, Nataliya Zhukova, Daniele Merico, Rahul Krishnatry, Mary Shago, James Stavropoulos, Noa Alon, Peter N. Ray, Vilma Navickiene, Joshua Mangerel, Marc Remke, Vijay Ramaswamy, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Martin Li, Edwin J. Young, Cindy Zhang, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Doua Bakry, Suzanne Laughlin, James T. Rutka, Peter B. Dirks, Michael D. Taylor, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori; The Hospital for Sick Children; Matthew Mistry, Patricia Rakopoulos, Rahul Krishnatry, Joshua Mangerel, Pawel Buczkowicz, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Doua Bakry, Adam Shlien, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori, University of Toronto; Jason D. Pole, Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario; Jennifer Chan, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Pedro Castelo-Branco, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Keith L. Ligon, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer Center, Boston, MA.
authors: Cynthia E
authors: CE
authors: Hawkins
authors: Matthew Mistry, Nataliya Zhukova, Daniele Merico, Rahul Krishnatry, Mary Shago, James Stavropoulos, Noa Alon, Peter N. Ray, Vilma Navickiene, Joshua Mangerel, Marc Remke, Vijay Ramaswamy, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Martin Li, Edwin J. Young, Cindy Zhang, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Doua Bakry, Suzanne Laughlin, James T. Rutka, Peter B. Dirks, Michael D. Taylor, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori; The Hospital for Sick Children; Matthew Mistry, Patricia Rakopoulos, Rahul Krishnatry, Joshua Mangerel, Pawel Buczkowicz, Ana Guerreiro Stucklin, Doua Bakry, Adam Shlien, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Annie Huang, Eric Bouffet, Cynthia E. Hawkins, and Uri Tabori, University of Toronto; Jason D. Pole, Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario; Jennifer Chan, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Pedro Castelo-Branco, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Keith L. Ligon, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer Center, Boston, MA. uri.tabori@sickkids.ca.
authors: Uri
authors: U
authors: Tabori
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000556:secondary*; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002843:Chromatin / Q000737:chemistry; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000235:genetics*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D017353:Gene Deletion; D005910:Glioma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000556:secondary*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009154:Mutation; D017354:Point Mutation; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / Q000235:genetics*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016615:Telomere / Q000648:ultrastructure; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; C482119:BRAF protein, human; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf