title: The effect of temperature and heating rate on char properties obtained from solar pyrolysis of beech wood.
abstract: Char samples were produced from pyrolysis in a lab-scale solar reactor. The pyrolysis of beech wood was carried out at temperatures ranging from 600 to 2000°C, with heating rates from 5 to 450°C/s. CHNS, scanning electron microscopy analysis, X-ray diffractometry, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller adsorption were employed to investigate the effect of temperature and heating rate on char composition and structure. The results indicated that char structure was more and more ordered with temperature increase and heating rate decrease (higher than 50°C/s). The surface area and pore volume firstly increased with temperature and reached maximum at 1200°C then reduced significantly at 2000°C. Besides, they firstly increased with heating rate and then decreased slightly at heating rate of 450°C/s when final temperature was no lower than 1200°C. Char reactivity measured by TGA analysis was found to correlate with the evolution of char surface area and pore volume with temperature and heating rate.
authors: Processes, Materials and Solar Energy Laboratory, PROMES-CNRS, 7 rue du Four Solaire, 66120 Font Romeu, France.
authors: Kuo
authors: K
authors: Zeng
authors: Université de Toulouse, Mines Albi, UMR CNRS 5302, Centre RAPSODEE, Campus Jarlard, F-81013 Albi Cedex 09, France.
authors: Doan Pham
authors: DP
authors: Minh
authors: Processes, Materials and Solar Energy Laboratory, PROMES-CNRS, 7 rue du Four Solaire, 66120 Font Romeu, France.
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: Gauthier
authors: Université de Toulouse, Mines Albi, UMR CNRS 5302, Centre RAPSODEE, Campus Jarlard, F-81013 Albi Cedex 09, France.
authors: Elsa
authors: E
authors: Weiss-Hortala
authors: Université de Toulouse, Mines Albi, UMR CNRS 5302, Centre RAPSODEE, Campus Jarlard, F-81013 Albi Cedex 09, France.
authors: Ange
authors: A
authors: Nzihou
authors: Processes, Materials and Solar Energy Laboratory, PROMES-CNRS, 7 rue du Four Solaire, 66120 Font Romeu, France. Electronic address: gilles.flamant@promes.cnrs.fr.
authors: Gilles
authors: G
authors: Flamant
mesh_terms: D002606:Charcoal / Q000737:chemistry*; D004867:Equipment Design; D029964:Fagus / Q000737:chemistry; D006361:Heating; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D013672:Technology / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D014934:Wood / Q000737:chemistry*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: C540010:biochar; D002606:Charcoal
keywords: Beech wood; Char structure; Combined effect; Reactivity; Solar pyrolysis