title: [Role of thyroid system in adaptation to cold].
abstract: Adaptation to cold promotes an increase in blood T3 and T4 levels in men and animals. The long-term cold exposure can induce a decrease in concentration of serum total and free T3 in human due to an enhancement of this hormone clearance. Endogenous catecholamines during adaptation to cold raise iodothyronine deiodinase D2 activity in brown fat due to α1-adrenergic receptor stimulation. Triiodothyronine is an inductor of iodothyronine deiodinase expression in brown fat, liver and kidney. Iodothyronine deiodinase D2 plays an important role in adaptation of organism to cold contributing to the high adrenergic reactivity of brown fat. At adaptation to cold T3 interacts with T3Rβ, it is formed T3Rβ-RXR complex, which binds to DNA with following transcription of UCP-1 and UCP-3 genes and UCP-1 and UCP-3 protein synthesis and uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation and an increase in heat production, where T3Rβ is T3-receptor-β, RXR is retinoid X-receptor, UCP is uncoupling protein. Triiodothyronine contributes to normal response to adrenergic agents of brown fat due to T3Rα activation. Sympatho-adrenomedullary and thyroid systems act as synergists in adaptation to cold.
authors: L N
authors: LN
authors: Maslov
authors: E A
authors: EA
authors: Vychuzhanova
authors: A S
authors: AS
authors: Gorbunov
authors: S Iu
authors: SIu
authors: Tsybul'nikov
authors: I G
authors: IG
authors: Khaliulin
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Chauski
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000235:genetics*; D002001:Adipose Tissue, Brown / Q000378:metabolism*; D000311:Adrenal Glands / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001833:Body Temperature Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D003080:Cold Temperature; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007453:Iodide Peroxidase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011988:Receptors, Thyroid Hormone / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000378:metabolism*; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D000071256:Uncoupling Protein 1; D000097564:Iodothyronine Deiodinase Type II
chemical_list: D007453:Iodide Peroxidase; D007473:Ion Channels; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D011988:Receptors, Thyroid Hormone; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors; D013974:Thyroxine; D014284:Triiodothyronine; D000071256:Uncoupling Protein 1; D000097564:Iodothyronine Deiodinase Type II; C000604371:UCP1 protein, human