title: Seroprevalence of yellow fever virus in selected health facilities in Western Kenya from 2010 to 2012.
abstract: Yellow fever (YF), which is caused by a mosquito-borne virus, is an important viral hemorrhagic fever endemic in equatorial Africa and South America. Yellow fever virus (YFV) is the prototype of the family Flaviviridae and genus Flavivirus. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of YFV in selected health facilities in Western Kenya during the period 2010-2012. A total of 469 serum samples from febrile patients were tested for YFV antibodies using in-house IgM-capture ELISA, in-house indirect IgG ELISA, and 50% focus reduction neutralization test (FRNT50). The present study did not identify any IgM ELISA-positive cases, indicating absence of recent YFV infection in the area. Twenty-eight samples (6%) tested positive for YFV IgG, because of either YFV vaccination or past exposure to various flaviviruses including YFV. Five cases were confirmed by FRNT50; of these, 4 were either vaccination or natural infection during the YF outbreak in 1992-1993 or another period and 1 case was confirmed as a West Nile virus infection. Domestication and routine performance of arboviral differential diagnosis will help to address the phenomenon of pyrexia of unknown origin, contribute to arboviral research in developing countries, and enhance regular surveillance.
authors: Production Department, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI).
authors: Allan ole
authors: Ao
authors: Kwallah
authors: Shingo
authors: S
authors: Inoue
authors: Anne Wangari
authors: AW
authors: Thairu-Muigai
authors: Nancy
authors: N
authors: Kuttoh
authors: Kouichi
authors: K
authors: Morita
authors: Matilu
authors: M
authors: Mwau
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006268:Health Facilities; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007223:Infant; D007630:Kenya / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D015004:Yellow Fever / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology*; D022341:Yellow Fever Vaccine / Q000276:immunology; D015005:Yellow fever virus / Q000276:immunology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D022341:Yellow Fever Vaccine