title: Proliferative and inflammatory factors in the vitreous of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose was to measure the concentrations of various cytokines and growth factors (including vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF] and pigment epithelium-derived factor [PEDF]) in the vitreous of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and to investigate interaction between inflammatory and proliferative factors in the genesis of PDR. Materials and Methods : Vitreous samples from 32 eyes with PDR and 25 eyes without diabetes mellitus and signs of DR (control) were collected. Vitreous concentrations of VEGF, PEDF, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17A, and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) were simultaneously measured using enzyme-linked immunoassay. Results : Vitreous levels of VEGF, PEDF, IL-17A, IL-6, IL-8, IL-4, and sIgA were significantly (Π < 0.05) higher in eyes with PDR compared to control. The concentration of VEGF was more than 17-times higher than in control, and the concentration of PEDF was not changed oppositely and was also higher (1.45-times) compared to control, that may indicate disturbances of compensatory mechanisms in angiogenesis regulation in PDR. Significant (Π < 0.05) positive correlations were observed between vitreous concentrations of VEGF and IL-17ΐ (r = 0.45), VEGF and IL-8 (r = 0.48), VEGF and IL-4 (r = 0.51), PEDF and IL-17ΐ (r = 0.48), PEDF and IL-8 (r = 0.59), MCP-1 and PEDF (r = 0.72), MCP-1 and IL-8 (r0 = 0.45), IL-4 and IL-17ΐ (r = 0.65), IL-4 and IL-8 (r = 0.71), IL-8 and IL-17ΐ (r = 0.59).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Significantly raised levels of inflammatory and proliferative factors and numerous positive correlations between them may demonstrate a significant role of activation of vascular proliferation and local inflammation in the pathogenesis of PDR.
authors: V V
authors: VV
authors: Chernykh
authors: E V
authors: EV
authors: Varvarinsky
authors: E V
authors: EV
authors: Smirnov
authors: D V
authors: DV
authors: Chernykh
authors: S. N. Fyodorov Federal State Institution, Intersectoral Research and Technology Complex, Eye Microsurgery, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Novosibirsk Branch, Vitreoretinal Department, Novosibirsk; Research Centre of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Immunological Department, Novosibirsk, Russia.
authors: Alexander N
authors: AN
authors: Trunov
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D005136:Eye Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015843:Serpins / Q000378:metabolism*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism*; D014821:Vitrectomy; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D000099174:Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D005136:Eye Proteins; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D015843:Serpins; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D000099174:Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor