title: Distribution and health risk assessment of trace metals in freshwater tilapia from three different aquaculture sites in Jelebu Region (Malaysia).
abstract: The trace metal concentrations in edible muscle of red tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) sampled from a former tin mining pool, concrete tank and earthen pond in Jelebu were analysed with microwave assisted digestion-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Results were compared with established legal limits and the daily ingestion exposures simulated using the Monte Carlo algorithm for potential health risks. Among the metals investigated, arsenic was found to be the key contaminant, which may have arisen from the use of formulated feeding pellets. Although the risks of toxicity associated with consumption of red tilapia from the sites investigated were found to be within the tolerable range, the preliminary probabilistic estimation of As cancer risk shows that the 95th percentile risk level surpassed the benchmark level of 10(-5). In general, the probabilistic health risks associated with ingestion of red tilapia can be ranked as follows: former tin mining pool > concrete tank > earthen pond.
authors: Environmental Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Electronic address: lowkayin@um.edu.my.
authors: Kah Hin
authors: KH
authors: Low
authors: Environmental Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors: Sharifuddin Md
authors: SM
authors: Zain
authors: Environmental Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors: Mhd Radzi
authors: MR
authors: Abas
authors: Freshwater Fisheries Research Division, Fisheries Research Institute, Glami Lemi, Jelebu, 71650 N. Sembilan, Malaysia.
authors: Kaharudin
authors: K
authors: Md Salleh
authors: Environmental Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors: Yin Yin
authors: YY
authors: Teo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017756:Aquaculture; D001151:Arsenic / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D003257:Consumer Product Safety; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D005618:Fresh Water; D006801:Humans; D008296:Malaysia; D008670:Metals / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D009132:Muscles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D018570:Risk Assessment; D017747:Seafood / Q000032:analysis*; D017210:Tilapia / Q000378:metabolism*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D008670:Metals; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D001151:Arsenic
keywords: Aquaculture; Arsenic; Fish; Monte Carlo; Oreochromis; Trace metals