title: The expanding roles of c-di-GMP in the biosynthesis of exopolysaccharides and secondary metabolites.
abstract: The cyclic dinucleotide c-di-GMP has emerged in the last decade as a prevalent intracellular messenger that orchestrates the transition between the motile and sessile lifestyles of many bacterial species. The motile-to-sessile transition is often associated with the formation of extracellular matrix-encased biofilm, an organized community of bacterial cells that often contributes to antibiotic resistance and host-pathogen interaction. It is increasingly clear that c-di-GMP controls motility, biofilm formation and bacterial pathogenicity partially through regulating the production of exopolysaccharides (EPS) and small-molecule secondary metabolites. This review summarizes our current understanding of the regulation of EPS biosynthesis by c-di-GMP in a diversity of bacterial species and highlights the emerging role of c-di-GMP in the biosynthesis of small-molecule secondary metabolites.
authors: Division of Structural Biology & Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551. zxliang@ntu.edu.sg.
authors: Zhao-Xun
authors: ZX
authors: Liang
mesh_terms: D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial; C062025:bis(3',5')-cyclic diguanylic acid; D006152:Cyclic GMP