title: RETRACTED: Effects of high-energy electro-pulsing treatment on microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of Ti-6Al-4V alloy.
abstract: This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal).
  This article has been retracted at the request of This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy).
  This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor.
  Figure 5 duplicates figure 8 of the article that had already appeared in Materials Characterization 98 (2014) 147-161, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2014.10.026, figure 12 of the paper that had appeared in Applied Physics A 117 (2014) 2251-2264, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00339-014-8655-1, as well as panels from figure 12 of the article that had appeared in the Journal of Alloys and Compounds 616 (2014) 173-183, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.07.143.
  Figure 6 duplicates figure 9 of the article that had already appeared in Materials Characterization 98 (2014) 147-161, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2014.10.026 and figure 13 of the article that had appeared in the Journal of Alloys and Compounds 616 (2014) 173-183, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.07.143.
  Figure 7 duplicates figure 10 of the article that had already appeared in Surface & Coatings Technology 258 (2014) 467-484, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2014.08.052.
  One of the conditions of submission of a paper for publication is that authors declare explicitly that their work is original and has not appeared in a publication elsewhere. Re-use of any data should be appropriately cited. As such this article represents an abuse of the scientific publishing system. The scientific community takes a very strong view on this matter and apologies are offered to readers of the journal that this was not detected during the submission process.
  Journal records indicate that confirmation of the submission and publication of the article was sent to the first author’s email address, in addition to an email that used the corresponding author's name (guoyitangforwork@163.com).
  The corresponding author and the first author wish to mention that the co-author Zion T.H. Tse was not involved in the preparation and handling of this article. He was not informed about the publication and he did not grant the use of his name and affiliation in the publication.
  Prof. S. Petter Lyngstadaas, Dr. Hanna Tiainen and Dr. Sebastian Geissler from University of Oslo are acknowledged for the considerable effort put into collecting the evidence and reporting this case of multiple publication.
authors: Advanced Materials Institute, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China. Electronic address: guoyitangforwork@163.com.
authors: Xiaoxin
authors: X
authors: Ye
authors: Advanced Materials Institute, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China.
authors: Lingsheng
authors: L
authors: Wang
authors: College of Engineering, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
authors: Zion T H
authors: ZTH
authors: Tse
authors: Advanced Materials Institute, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China. Electronic address: tanggy@sz.tsinghua.edu.cn.
authors: Guoyi
authors: G
authors: Tang
authors: Advanced Materials Institute, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
authors: Guolin
authors: G
authors: Song
mesh_terms: D000497:Alloys / Q000737:chemistry*; D003343:Corrosion; D008422:Materials Testing / Q000379:methods; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties; D013718:Tensile Strength; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000497:Alloys; D010087:Oxides; C031462:titanium alloy (TiAl6V4); C009495:titanium dioxide; D014025:Titanium
keywords: Biomaterials; Corrosion property; Electro-pulsing treatment; Mechanical properties; Microstructure; Titanium alloy