title: Occurrence, distribution and risk assessment of estrogens in surface water, suspended particulate matter, and sediments of the Yangtze Estuary.
abstract: The occurrence and distribution of six selected estrogen compounds were investigated in samples of surface water, suspended particulate matter (SPM), and sediment in the Yangtze Estuary and its coastal areas over four seasons. With the exception of 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), all estrogens were detected at least once in all three phases with bisphenol A (BPA) and estriol (E3) as the dominant estrogens in all phases. EE2 was not detected in any surface water samples. In addition, the highest total estrogen concentrations were found in January in all phases, which could be due to the low flow conditions and temperature during this season. A significant positive correlation was found between total estrogen concentrations and organic carbon (OC) contents, both in the water phase and solid phase (i.e. SPM and sediment), indicating the vital role played by OC. Based on a yeast estrogen screen (YES) bioassay, the higher estrogenic risk was found in the SPM and sediment phase when compared to the water phase. These results were confirmed by a risk assessment which revealed that the Yangtze Estuary was displayed a low to high risk over the seasons for all selected estrogens.
authors: Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Department of Geosciences, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors: Minghua
authors: M
authors: Nie
authors: State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China.
authors: Caixia
authors: C
authors: Yan
authors: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors: Wenbo
authors: W
authors: Dong
authors: Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Department of Geosciences, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China.
authors: Min
authors: M
authors: Liu
authors: State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China.
authors: Junliang
authors: J
authors: Zhou
authors: Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Department of Geosciences, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China; State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China. Electronic address: yyang@geo.ecnu.edu.cn.
authors: Yi
authors: Y
authors: Yang
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004967:Estrogens / Q000032:analysis*; D063366:Estuaries; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000032:analysis; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012621:Seasons; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens; D052638:Particulate Matter; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Estrogens; Multiphase; Risk assessment; Yangtze Estuary