title: PRR11 regulates late-S to G2/M phase progression and induces premature chromatin condensation (PCC).
abstract: Recently, we have demonstrated that proline-rich protein 11 (PRR11) is a novel tumor-related gene product likely implicated in the regulation of cell cycle progression as well as lung cancer development. However, its precise role in cell cycle progression remains unclear. In the present study, we have further investigated the expression pattern and functional implication of PRR11 during cell cycle in detail in human lung carcinoma-derived H1299 cells. According to our immunofluorescence study, PRR11 was expressed largely in cytoplasm, the amount of PRR11 started to increase in the late S phase, and was retained until just before mitotic telophase. Consistent with those observations, siRNA-mediated knockdown of PRR11 caused a significant cell cycle arrest in the late S phase. Intriguingly, the treatment with dNTPs further augmented PRR11 silencing-mediated S phase arrest. Moreover, knockdown of PRR11 also resulted in a remarkable retardation of G2/M progression, and PRR11-knockdown cells subsequently underwent G2 phase cell cycle arrest accompanied by obvious mitotic defects such as multipolar spindles and multiple nuclei. In addition, forced expression of PRR11 promoted the premature Chromatin condensation (PCC), and then proliferation of PRR11-expressing cells was massively attenuated and induced apoptosis. Taken together, our current observations strongly suggest that PRR11, which is strictly regulated during cell cycle progression, plays a pivotal role in the regulation of accurate cell cycle progression through the late S phase to mitosis.
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors: Chundong
authors: C
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors: Ying
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors: Yi
authors: Y
authors: Li
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors: Huifang
authors: H
authors: Zhu
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors: Yitao
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Cai
authors: Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors: Jiang
authors: J
authors: Zhu
authors: Laboratory of DNA Damage Signaling, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, 666-2 Nitona, Chuohku, Chiba 260-8717, Japan.
authors: Toshinori
authors: T
authors: Ozaki
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China. Electronic address: buyqcn@aliyun.com.
authors: Youquan
authors: Y
authors: Bu
mesh_terms: D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002453:Cell Cycle; D002455:Cell Division; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002843:Chromatin / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D016195:G2 Phase; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D034622:RNA Interference; D016196:S Phase; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; C524815:PRR11 protein, human; D011506:Proteins
keywords: Cell cycle; G2/M progression; Late-S phase; PRR11; Premature chromatin condensation (PCC)