title: Deep venous thrombosis in children with sickle cell disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is rare in children compared to adults. Its incidence and risk factors in children are not well known. This study determined these aspects of DVT in children with sickle cell disease (SCD).
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective, observational and descriptive study was performed. Patients born between October 2000 and October 2012 with SCD and registered in HEMORIO, including those who died in HEMORIO, were included in this study. Patients whose medical records were inaccessible, who died in institutions other than HEMORIO, who died with implanted deep venous catheters, and those who were not monitored in HEMORIO for a period of 1 year or more were excluded from the study. Of a total of 1,519 patients, 456 were excluded and 1,063 patients were included in the study. Data were obtained from the computer system and the medical records at HEMORIO.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 1,063 patients, 2 (0.2%) developed DVT with both cases being related to central venous catheters (CVCs) (P-value <0.001). Of the patients who required CVCs, the prevalence of DVT was 10%. No other variable was clinically or statistically significant with respect to DVT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The establishment of CVCs in children with SCD poses a high risk for DVT. If this procedure is necessary, the internal jugular vein should be utilized instead of the subclavian and femoral veins. The identification of associated risk factors may justify antithrombotic prophylaxis.
authors: Clinical Hematology Division, Instituto de Hematologia Arthur de Siqueira Cavalcanti-HEMORIO, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors: Tiago de Oliveira
authors: Tde O
authors: Boechat
authors: Emilia Matos
authors: EM
authors: do Nascimento
authors: Clarisse Lopes de Castro
authors: CL
authors: Lobo
authors: Samir K
authors: SK
authors: Ballas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000755:Anemia, Sickle Cell / Q000150:complications*; D002405:Catheterization, Central Venous / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008499:Medical Records; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000209:etiology*
keywords: DVT; central venous catheter; deep venous thrombosis; sickle cell anemia; sickle cell disease; thrombosis