title: Radiation-Induced Bystander Effects in A549 Cells Exposed to 6 MV X-rays.
abstract: The aim of the study is to explore the bystander effects in A549 cells that have been exposed to 6MV X-ray. Control group, irradiated group, irradiated conditioned medium (ICM)-received group, and fresh medium group were designed in this study. A549 cells in the logarithmic growth phase were irradiated with 6MV X-ray at 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2. In ICM-received group, post-irradiation A549 cells were cultured for 3 h and were transferred into non-irradiated A549 cells for further cultivation. Clone forming test was applied to detect the survival fraction of cells. Annexin V-FITC/PI double-staining assay was used to detect the apoptosis of A549 cells 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after 2-Gy 6MV X-ray irradiation, and the curves of apoptosis were drawn. The changes in the cell cycles 4, 48, 72, and 96 h after 2-Gy 6MV X-ray irradiation were detected using PI staining flow cytometry. With the increase of irradiation dose, the survival fraction of A549 cells after the application of 0.5 Gy irradiation was decreasing continuously. In comparison to the control group, the apoptosis rate of the ICM-received group was increased in a time-dependent pattern, with the highest apoptosis rate observed at 72 h (p < 0.05). Cell count in G2/M stages was obviously increased compared with that of the control group (p < 0.05), with the highest count observed at 72 h, after which G2/M stage arrest was diminished. ICM can cause apparent A549 cell damage, indicating that 6MV X-ray irradiation can induce bystander effect on A549 cells, which reaches a peak at 72 h.
authors: The Department of Radiotherapy, Xuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University & Xuzhou Tumor Hospital, Huanchenglu Road No. 131, Quanshan District, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China.
authors: Shuning
authors: S
authors: Yang
authors: The Department of Radiotherapy, Xuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University & Xuzhou Tumor Hospital, Huanchenglu Road No. 131, Quanshan District, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China.
authors: Jing
authors: J
authors: Xu
authors: The Department of Radiotherapy, Xuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University & Xuzhou Tumor Hospital, Huanchenglu Road No. 131, Quanshan District, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China.
authors: Weixian
authors: W
authors: Shao
authors: The Department of Radiotherapy, Xuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University & Xuzhou Tumor Hospital, Huanchenglu Road No. 131, Quanshan District, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China.
authors: Chong
authors: C
authors: Geng
authors: The Cellular Laboratory, Xuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University & Xuzhou Tumor Hospital, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China.
authors: Jia
authors: J
authors: Li
authors: The Department of Radiotherapy, Xuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University & Xuzhou Tumor Hospital, Huanchenglu Road No. 131, Quanshan District, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China.
authors: Feng
authors: F
authors: Guo
authors: The Department of Radiotherapy, Xuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University & Xuzhou Tumor Hospital, Huanchenglu Road No. 131, Quanshan District, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China.
authors: Hui
authors: H
authors: Miao
authors: The Department of Radiotherapy, Xuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University & Xuzhou Tumor Hospital, Huanchenglu Road No. 131, Quanshan District, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China.
authors: Wenbin
authors: W
authors: Shen
authors: The Department of Radiotherapy, Xuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University & Xuzhou Tumor Hospital, Huanchenglu Road No. 131, Quanshan District, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China.
authors: Tao
authors: T
authors: Ye
authors: The Department of Radiotherapy, Xuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University & Xuzhou Tumor Hospital, Huanchenglu Road No. 131, Quanshan District, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China.
authors: Yazhou
authors: Y
authors: Liu
authors: The Department of Radiotherapy, Xuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University & Xuzhou Tumor Hospital, Huanchenglu Road No. 131, Quanshan District, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China.
authors: Haiting
authors: H
authors: Xu
authors: The Department of Radiotherapy, Xuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University & Xuzhou Tumor Hospital, Huanchenglu Road No. 131, Quanshan District, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China. zxgjh1992@qq.com.
authors: Xuguang
authors: X
authors: Zhang
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000528:radiation effects; D024201:Bystander Effect; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000528:radiation effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D006801:Humans; D014965:X-Rays
keywords: 6MV X-ray; A549 cells; Apoptosis; Bystander effect; Cell cycle