title: Changes in polyphenol and polysaccharide content of grape seed extract and grape pomace after enzymatic treatment.
abstract: Grape seed extract and grape pomace are rich sources of polyphenols. The aim of this study was to evaluate the release of polyphenols, the solubilisation of carbohydrate, and the antioxidant capacity of these grape by-products after enzymatic reaction with carbohydrases (cellulolytic and pectinolytic activities) and tannase for 24h. The use of tannase in these by-products, and pectinase in grape pomace changed the galloylated form of catechin to its free form, releasing gallic acid and increasing the antioxidant activity. In grape pomace, cellulase treatment was not efficient for phenolic release and antioxidant activity improvement. The addition of carbohydrases to grape pomace, either alone or in combination, degraded the cell wall polysaccharides, increasing the content of monosaccharides. These results provide relevant data about the potential of pectinase, tannase and combinations of enzymes on the release of polyphenols and monosaccharides from grape by-products, improving the antioxidant capacity and the nutritional value.
authors: Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), José Antonio Novais, 10, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Chamorro
authors: Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Viveros
authors: Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), José Antonio Novais, 10, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
authors: I
authors: I
authors: Alvarez
authors: Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), José Antonio Novais, 10, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Vega
authors: Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), José Antonio Novais, 10, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: abrenes@ictan.csic.es.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Brenes
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants; D002392:Catechin / Q000737:chemistry; D004798:Enzymes / Q000737:chemistry; D056604:Grape Seed Extract / Q000737:chemistry*; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000737:chemistry*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry*; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D004798:Enzymes; D056604:Grape Seed Extract; D010636:Phenols; D059808:Polyphenols; D011134:Polysaccharides; D002392:Catechin
keywords: Cellulase; Grape by-products; Monosaccharides; Pectinase; Polyphenols; Tannase