title: Vocalizations during electroejaculation in anaesthetized adult and young pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus) males.
abstract: The aim of this study was to characterize the vocalizations produced during electroejaculation under general anaesthesia in pampas deer males and to determine whether the characteristics of those vocalizations differ in adult and young pampas deer males. Electroejaculation was applied to 13 adults (AM) and 13 young (YM) males under general anaesthesia. Vocalizations were digitally recorded, and the number and duration of vocalizations, the latency in relation to each voltage, the total time vocalizing, and the structure of the fundamental frequency (F0) [initial frequency (F(start)), maximal frequency (F(max)), minimal frequency (F(min)) and final frequency (F(end))] were analysed. No male vocalized with 0 V; the number of animals that vocalized increased at 2 and 3 V and increased again at 4, 5 and 6 V (p < 0.05). The latency time from the beginning of each series (each voltage) decreased until 4 V (p < 0.01). The number of vocalizations/voltage increased from 4 V (p < 0.05). The length of each vocalization and the total time during which animals vocalized were greater in YM than AM (p = 0.02 and p = 0.01, respectively). Similarly, the fundamental frequencies were higher in YM than AM (p ≤ 0.05). Overall, we concluded that the vocalizations emitted during electroejaculation in pampas deer under general anaesthesia are related to the voltage applied during the process. Young males vocalize more time, probably due to a greater sensibility to the electric stimulation. The differences in the characteristics of the vocalizations between adult and young males may be related to the anatomic differences in the neck of adult or young males.
authors: Clínica Semiológica, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Fumagalli
authors: Departamento de Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors: J P
authors: JP
authors: Damián
authors: Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Ungerfeld
mesh_terms: D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000662:veterinary*; D018681:Anesthetics, General / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D003670:Deer; D004542:Ejaculation; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D014828:Vocalization, Animal
chemical_list: D018681:Anesthetics, General; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D006854:Hydrocortisone