title: Neuroprotection and mechanisms of atractylenolide III in preventing learning and memory impairment induced by chronic high-dose homocysteine administration in rats.
abstract: Studies demonstrated that chronic high-dose homocysteine administration induced learning and memory impairment in animals. Atractylenolide III (Aen-III), a neuroprotective constituent of Atractylodis macrocephalae Koidz, was isolated in our previous study. In this study, we investigated potential benefits of Aen-III in preventing learning and memory impairment following chronic high-dose homocysteine administration in rats. Results showed that administration of Aen-III significantly ameliorated learning and memory impairment induced by chronic high-dose homocysteine administration in rats, decreased homocysteine-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and restored homocysteine-induced decrease of phosphorylated protein kinase C expression level. Moreover, Aen-III protected primary cultured neurons from apoptotic death induced by homocysteine treatment. This study provides the first evidence for the neuroprotective effect of Aen-III in preventing learning and impairment induced by chronic administration of homocysteine. Aen-III may have therapeutic potential in treating homocysteine-mediated cognitive impairment and neuronal injury.
authors: Laboratory of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, People's Republic of China.
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Zhao
authors: Laboratory of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, People's Republic of China.
authors: Z-H
authors: ZH
authors: Ji
authors: Laboratory of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, People's Republic of China.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Liu
authors: Laboratory of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: xybio@sina.com.
authors: X-Y
authors: XY
authors: Yu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D006710:Homocysteine; D007783:Lactones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D065852:Spatial Memory / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D007783:Lactones; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; C424802:atractylenolide III; D006710:Homocysteine; D011493:Protein Kinase C; C505410:Casp3 protein, rat; D053148:Caspase 3
keywords: ROS; atractylenolide III; homocysteine; learning and memory impairment; neuroprotection; protein kinase C