title: The current status of multi-arterial off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery has not become widespread because of its technical difficulty. However, especially in Asia, pioneer surgeons continue with efforts to develop the off-pump technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  By reviewing past studies, mainly retrospective single-center reports, an up-to-date profile of off-pump surgery was assembled.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Many of the past randomized trials failed to demonstrate the advantages of off-pump surgery. Although many of these were single-center retrospective studies, the data presented, mostly from world-famous surgeons, show that off-pump surgery does have advantages in high-risk patients and results in reduced rates of postoperative morbidity and equal rates of mortality in both the short- and long terms. Moreover, almost all experienced off-pump surgeons noted the benefit of multiple uses of arterial grafts, skeletonization harvesting of arterial conduits and the aorta no-touch technique.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The off-pump procedure has not become a standard technique performed by the average surgeon in daily practice. However, off-pump surgery will continue to provide a significant benefit to high-risk patients with coronary disease.
authors: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Setatsukinowa, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan. suzukit@belle.shiga-med.ac.jp.
authors: Suzuki
authors: S
authors: Tomoaki
authors: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Setatsukinowa, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan.
authors: Asai
authors: A
authors: Tohru
keywords: Arterial graft; CABG; Off-pump surgery