title: Comparison of core-shell particles and sub-2μm fully porous particles for use as ultrafast second dimension columns in two-dimensional liquid chtomatography.
abstract: The peak capacity of small columns packed with 2.7μm core-shell particles and 1.8μm fully porous particles were compared at high temperatures using very steep (fast) gradient conditions and quite high linear velocities using the same instrument configuration as used to transfer first dimension effluent to the second dimension column as done in on-line comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography. The experimental peak capacities of small columns (2.1mm×30mm) packed with both types of particles were measured with fast gradients (9s to 2min) at high temperature (95°C) using both the same flow rate (1.75mL/min) and then at different flow rates at the same pressure (400bar). Equal or slightly better peak capacities were achieved with the core-shell particle columns as compared to the fully porous particle columns at the same backpressure or the same flow rate. However, core-shell particles offer a real advantage over the smaller, fully porous particles because they can be operated at higher flow rates thus gradient mixer flush out and column reequilibration can be done in less time thereby allowing a greater fraction of the second dimension cycle time to be dedicated to the gradient time.
authors: Department of Chemistry, Smith and Kolthoff Halls, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States.
authors: Imad A
authors: IA
authors: Haidar Ahmad
authors: Department of Chemistry, Smith and Kolthoff Halls, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States.
authors: Arianne
authors: A
authors: Soliven
authors: Department of Chemistry, Smith and Kolthoff Halls, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States.
authors: Robert C
authors: RC
authors: Allen
authors: Department of Chemistry, Smith and Kolthoff Halls, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States.
authors: Marcelo
authors: M
authors: Filgueira
authors: Department of Chemistry, Smith and Kolthoff Halls, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States. Electronic address: petecarr@umn.edu.
authors: Peter W
authors: PW
authors: Carr
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000295:instrumentation; D056148:Chromatography, Reverse-Phase / Q000295:instrumentation; D006358:Hot Temperature; D009595:Nitroparaffins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010316:Particle Size; D016062:Porosity; D011312:Pressure
chemical_list: D009595:Nitroparaffins
keywords: Core–shell particles; High temperature liquid chromatography; Liquid chromatography; Sub 2μm particles; Two dimensional liquid chromatography; Ultra fast liquid chromatography