title: Bone marrow-derived cells contribute to regeneration of injured prostate epithelium and stroma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent studies have reported that bone marrow-derived cells (BMDCs), which are recruited to sites of tissue injury and inflammation, can differentiate into epithelial cells, such as liver, lung, gastrointestinal tract, and skin cells. We investigated the role of BMDCs in contributing to regeneration of injured prostate epithelium.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using chimera rats that received allogenic bone marrow grafts from green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic rats after lethal whole-body irradiation, we investigated the existence of epithelial marker-positive BMDCs in injured prostate tissue caused by transurethral injection of lipopolysaccharide.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prostate tissues were harvested 2 weeks after transurethral lipopolysaccharide injection. Immunofluorescence staining showed that some cells in the stroma co-expressed GFP and pan-cytokeratin, which suggested the existence of epithelial marker-positive BMDCs. To confirm the existence of such cells, we collected bone marrow-derived non-hematopoietic cells (GFP+/CD45- cells) from the prostate by fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis and analyzed the characteristics of the GFP+/CD45- cells. The number of cells in this population significantly increased from 0.042% to 0.492% compared with normal prostate tissue. We found by immunofluorescent analysis and RT-PCR that GFP+/CD45- cells expressed cytokeratin, which suggested that these cells have some features of epithelial cells. In the prostate obtained from the chimera rats 34 weeks after lipopolysaccharide injection, GFP- and cytokeratin-positive cells were observed in the prostate gland, which suggested that some of the cells in the prostate gland regenerated after prostate inflammation derived from bone marrow.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BMDCs might be able to differentiate into prostate epithelial cells after prostatic injury.
authors: Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors: Wataru
authors: W
authors: Nakata
authors: Yasutomo
authors: Y
authors: Nakai
authors: Takahiro
authors: T
authors: Yoshida
authors: Mototaka
authors: M
authors: Sato
authors: Koji
authors: K
authors: Hatano
authors: Akira
authors: A
authors: Nagahara
authors: Kazutoshi
authors: K
authors: Fujita
authors: Motohide
authors: M
authors: Uemura
authors: Norio
authors: N
authors: Nonomura
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000502:physiology; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D004848:Epithelium / Q000502:physiology*; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008297:Male; D011467:Prostate / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D011472:Prostatitis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D055647:Rats, Transgenic; D012038:Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D017154:Stromal Cells; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins
keywords: bone marrow transplantation; donor-derived; inflammation