title: Sample collection and preparation of biofluids and extracts for gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
abstract: To maximize the utility of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in metabonomics research, all stages of the experimental design should be standardized, including sample collection, storage, preparation, and sample separation. Moreover, the prerequisite for any GC-MS analysis is that a compound must be volatile and thermally stable if it is to be analyzed using this technique. Since many metabolites are nonvolatile and polar in nature, they are not readily amenable to analysis by GC-MS and require initial chemical derivatization of the polar functional groups in order to reduce the polarity and to increase the thermal stability and volatility of the analytes. In this chapter, an overview is presented of the optimum approach to sample collection, storage, and preparation for gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabonomics with particular focus on urine samples as example of biofluids.
authors: NMR Core Lab, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Room 0149, 23955-6900, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, abdelhamid.emwas@kaust.edu.sa.
authors: Abdul-Hamid M
authors: AH
authors: Emwas
authors: Zeyad A
authors: ZA
authors: Al-Talla
authors: Najeh M
authors: NM
authors: Kharbatia
mesh_terms: D053000:Analytic Sample Preparation Methods / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000378:metabolism*; D002162:Camelus; D002457:Cell Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D005615:Freezing; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D055442:Metabolome; D055432:Metabolomics; D011309:Preservation, Biological; D014020:Tissue Extracts / Q000378:metabolism*; D014556:Urine
chemical_list: D002457:Cell Extracts; D014020:Tissue Extracts