title: Genetic investigation of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of jaw (BRONJ) via whole exome sequencing and bioinformatics.
abstract: Complications associated with the use of bisphosphonate (BP) have risen over the years due to an increase in the prescription of BP. BP-related osteonecrosis of jaw (BRONJ), one of the complications linked to the consumption of BP, greatly affects patients with minor dental trauma, incurring a long healing period. While BRONJ afflicts only a minority of patients prescribed with BP, BRONJ is a multigenic disease affected both by environmental and genetic factors having a distinctive phenotype. This study aims to discover genetic biomarkers associated with BRONJ via whole exome sequencing (WES) followed by statistical analysis. Sixteen individuals who had been prescribed with bisphosphonate medication and diagnosed as BRONJ were chosen and each individual's saliva sample was collected for WES. 126 randomized subsamples from the GSK project representing 109 male and 17 female Koreans were used as a control data set. Fisher's exact test was carried out to assess the significance of genetic variants in BRONJ patients. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) (DAVID Bioinformatics Resource 6.7) was used to perform a cluster analysis of variants found from Fisher's exact test. The results from this study suggest that BRONJ-inducing factors are genetically associated and BRONJ occurs due to the malfunctioning of post-translational modification in osteoclast leading to the impairment of cell morphology and adhesion.
authors: Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Jee-Hwan
authors: JH
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Yong Jae
authors: YJ
authors: Ko
authors: Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Ji-young
authors: JY
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Yoonsoo
authors: Y
authors: Oh
authors: Department of IT Convergence and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea.
authors: Jihye
authors: J
authors: Hwang
authors: Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea.
authors: Sangjin
authors: S
authors: Han
authors: Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea.
authors: Sanguk
authors: S
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Jae-Hoon
authors: JH
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Dong-Hoo
authors: DH
authors: Han
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D059266:Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw / Q000235:genetics*; D059472:Exome / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D023281:Genomics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged