title: 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration and Sleep Duration and Continuity: Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the associations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration with sleep continuity, quality, and symptoms, and to explore race/ethnic variation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).
  
  
  METHODS
  There were 1,721 adults.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sleep outcomes were measured by polysomnography, actigraphy, and questionnaires. Serum 25(OH)D concentration was expressed by clinical thresholds (< 20, 20-29, ≥ 30 ng/mL) and continuously. Using linear regression, we determined the associations between 25(OH)D concentration and sleep duration, efficiency, and symptoms, and assessed race/ethnic variation. Mean age was 68.2 ± 9.1 y, and 37.2% were white, 27.7% African American, 11.9% Chinese Americans, and 23.2% Hispanic. Mean 25(OH)D concentration was 25.4 ± 10.5 ng/mL. 25(OH)D deficient participants had the shortest sleep duration, lowest sleep efficiency, and highest sleepiness scores. After adjusting for demographics, obesity, and health habits, deficient individuals slept an average of 13.0 min (95% confidence interval, -22.8, -3.2) shorter than sufficient individuals. Race/ethnic-stratified analyses indicated that the strongest associations were in African Americans, in whom adjusted sleep duration was 25.6 ± 11.7 min shorter in deficient versus sufficient individuals (P = 0.04), and in Chinese Americans, adjusted apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was 7.5 ± 3.3 events/h higher in deficient versus sufficient individuals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall, there were modest associations between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration and sleep traits. However, race-stratified analyses suggested the association between 25(OH)D concentration and sleep traits varied by race/ethnicity. Vitamin D deficiency was most strongly associated with short sleep duration in African Americans and with elevated apnea-hypopnea index in Chinese Americans, suggesting that race/ethnicity may modify these associations.
authors: Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, & Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
authors: Suzanne M
authors: SM
authors: Bertisch
authors: Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
authors: Stefan
authors: S
authors: Sillau
authors: Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA.
authors: Ian H
authors: IH
authors: de Boer
authors: Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD.
authors: Moyses
authors: M
authors: Szklo
authors: Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, & Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.|Division of Sleep Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
authors: Susan
authors: S
authors: Redline
mesh_terms: D056044:Actigraphy; D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001213:Asian / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000208:ethnology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017286:Polysomnography; D044469:Racial Groups / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D012891:Sleep Apnea Syndromes / Q000208:ethnology; D012894:Sleep Stages / Q000502:physiology; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000208:ethnology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D014481:United States; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000208:ethnology; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D
keywords: MESA; health disparities; sleep disorders; vitamin D