title: Latrodectus envenomation in Greece.
abstract: During the summer period 2011-2012, seven widow spider bites in Greece were reported to the Hellenic Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Widow spiders (in the genus Latrodectus) are found all over the world, including Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, and the US. Alpha-latrotoxin (main mammalian toxin) causes the toxic effects observed in humans. Victims should receive timely medical care to avoid suffering. Latrodectus bites are very rarely fatal. All the patients reported having an insect bite 30 minutes to 2 hours before they arrived at the Emergency Department of the local hospital. Severe muscle cramps, weakness, tremor, abdominal pain, and increased levels of creatinine phosphokinase were present in all patients. The Emergency Operation Center of the Hellenic Center for Disease Control and Prevention was informed immediately in all cases. Antivenin was administered to four patients upon the request of their physicians. All patients recovered fully. It is essential that health care workers recognize early the symptoms and signs of Latrodectus bites to provide the necessary care. The management of mild to moderate Latrodectus envenomations is primarily supportive. Hospitalization and possibly antivenin should be reserved for patients exhibiting serious systemic symptoms or inadequate pain control. The most important thing for all of these patients is early pain relief.
authors: Epidemiological Nurse in the Emergency Operation Center at the Hellenic Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Athens, Greece. antoniou@keelpno.gr.
authors: Garyfallia Nikolaos
authors: GN
authors: Antoniou
authors: Epidemiological Dentist in the Emergency Operation Center at the Hellenic Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Athens, Greece. iliopoulos@keelpno.gr.
authors: Dimitrios
authors: D
authors: Iliopoulos
authors: Epidemiologist in the Epidemiological Surveillance Department at the Hellenic Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Athens, Greece. kalkouni@keelpno.gr.
authors: Rania
authors: R
authors: Kalkouni
authors: Epidemiologist in the Emergency Operation Center at the Hellenic Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Athens, Greece. iliopoulou@keelpno.gr.
authors: Sofia
authors: S
authors: Iliopoulou
authors: Epidemiologist in the Emergency Operation Center at the Hellenic Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Athens, Greece. rigakos@keelpno.gr.
authors: Giorgos
authors: G
authors: Rigakos
authors: Epidemiologist in the Emergency Operation Center at the Hellenic Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Athens, Greece. baka@keelpno.gr.
authors: Agoritsa
authors: A
authors: Baka
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D001740:Black Widow Spider; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006115:Greece; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D001098:Spider Bites / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D055815:Young Adult