title: "EEG abnormalities" may represent a confounding factor in celiac disease: A 4-year follow-up family report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The occurrence of celiac disease (CD), electroencephalographic (EEG) abnormalities (with "subtle" seizures or even without any clinical seizures), and neurological disorders has been reported since the 1980s, though there has been no definitive consensus about the possible causal relationship. This topic is further complicated by the occurrence in infancy of 'clinical-EEG pictures' called 'benign epilepsy of infancy'.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Here, we report a 4-year follow-up on two siblings with newly diagnosed biopsy-proven celiac disease showing EEG abnormalities not responsive to a gluten-free diet.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This family report indicates that in patients with neurologically asymptomatic CD and EEG abnormalities, it is advisable to make a differential diagnosis between EEG abnormalities associated with CD and an incidental association with cortical hyperexcitability, with "subtle" seizures or even without any clinical seizures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A long follow-up may sometimes be required, as it was in the family described here, to clarify the etiopathogenetic and therapeutic relationships between clinical and EEG features in CD.
authors: Pediatrics and Child Neurology Unit, NESMOS Dept., Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, S. Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa, 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, Italy.
authors: Pasquale
authors: P
authors: Parisi
authors: Pediatrics and Child Neurology Unit, NESMOS Dept., Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, S. Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa, 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, Italy.
authors: Luigi
authors: L
authors: Principessa
authors: Pediatrics and Child Neurology Unit, NESMOS Dept., Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, S. Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa, 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, Italy.
authors: Alessandro
authors: A
authors: Ferretti
authors: Pediatrics and Child Neurology Unit, NESMOS Dept., Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, S. Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa, 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, Italy.
authors: Danila
authors: D
authors: D'Onofrio
authors: Dept. of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
authors: Ennio
authors: E
authors: Del Giudice
authors: Pediatrics and Child Neurology Unit, NESMOS Dept., Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, S. Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa, 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, Italy.
authors: Claudia
authors: C
authors: Pacchiarotti
authors: Pediatrics and Child Neurology Unit, NESMOS Dept., Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, S. Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa, 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, Italy.
authors: Maria Pia
authors: MP
authors: Villa
keywords: BECTS, benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes; BEI, benign epilepsy of infancy; Benign epilepsy of infancy; CD, celiac disease; Celiac disease; Children; EEG abnormalities; EEG, electroencephalography; GFD, gluten-free diet; GS, Gastaut syndrome; PS, Panayiotopoulos syndrome