title: Pharmacists as immunizers: a survey of community pharmacists' willingness to administer adult immunizations.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adult immunization rates worldwide fall below desired targets. Pharmacists are highly accessible healthcare providers with the potential to increase immunization rates among adults by administering vaccines in their practice setting.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the attitudes of community-based Canadian pharmacists with respect to expanding their scope of practice to include administration of immunizations.
  
  
  METHODS
  An internet-based survey was emailed to community pharmacists across Canada. The survey was piloted through focus groups for qualitative feedback, tested for content validity, and test-retest reliability prior to dissemination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 495 responses to the survey. The majority (88 %) agreed that pharmacists as immunizers would increase public access, improve rates (84 %), and be acceptable to the public (72 %). However, only 68 % agreed that pharmacists should be permitted to immunize. The majority of respondents (90 %) agreed that certification in vaccine administration should be required for pharmacists to administer vaccines. Pharmacists identified education, reimbursement, and negative interactions with other providers as barriers to pharmacists administering vaccines.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Canadian pharmacists are willing to expand their scope of practice to include immunization. However, implementation requires professional development and certification in vaccine administration.
authors: College of Pharmacy, Dalhousie University, 5968 College St, PO Box 15000, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada.
authors: Nicholas
authors: N
authors: Edwards
authors: Erin
authors: E
authors: Gorman Corsten
authors: Mathew
authors: M
authors: Kiberd
authors: Susan
authors: S
authors: Bowles
authors: Jennifer
authors: J
authors: Isenor
authors: Kathryn
authors: K
authors: Slayter
authors: Shelly
authors: S
authors: McNeil
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D003157:Community Pharmacy Services; D006801:Humans; D007114:Immunization / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology*; D010595:Pharmacists / Q000523:psychology*; D024382:Professional Role / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires