title: Homogeneous nucleation of predominantly cubic ice confined in nanoporous alumina.
abstract: The nucleation mechanism of water can be precisely regulated by confinement within nanoporous alumina. We found a transition from heterogeneous nucleation of hexagonal ice (Ih) to homogeneous nucleation of predominantly cubic ice (Ic) with decreasing pore diameter. These results lead to a phase diagram of water under confinement. It contains a (stable) predominant Ic form, a form known to exist only in the upper atmosphere. Possible applications range from cryopreservation to construction materials like cement.
authors: Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research , 55128 Mainz, Germany.
authors: Yasuhito
authors: Y
authors: Suzuki
authors: Hatice
authors: H
authors: Duran
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Steinhart
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Kappl
authors: Hans-Jürgen
authors: HJ
authors: Butt
authors: George
authors: G
authors: Floudas
keywords: Ice nucleation; confined crystallization; cubic ice; homogeneous nucleation