title: Molecular Mechanism of Activation of Transforming Growth Factor Beta/Smads Signaling Pathway in Ets Related Gene-Positive Prostate Cancers.
abstract: Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway is involved in diverse cellular processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, apoptosis, and some human diseases including cancer. Smad proteins function as mediators of intracellular signal transduction of TGF-β. Following their phosphorylation by TGF-β receptor I, Smad2 and Smad3 form a heteromeric complex with Smad4 and then are translocated into the nucleus where they bind to other co-factors and regulate the expression of target genes. ERG (Ets Related Gene) belongs to the ETS family of transcriptional factors. Chromosomal rearrangement of TMPRSS2 gene and ERG gene has been found in the majority of prostate cancers. Over-expression of full length or truncated ERG proteins is associated with a higher rate of recurrence and unfavorable prognosis. In this review, we focus on recent understanding of regulation of TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway by ERG proteins in prostate cancer.
authors: Georgia Cancer Center for Excellence, Cancer Biology Program, Department of OB/GYN, Morehouse School of Medicine, Grady Health System, 80 Jesse Hill Jr. Drive, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
authors: Jinbo
authors: J
authors: Fang
authors: Georgia Cancer Center for Excellence, Cancer Biology Program, Department of OB/GYN, Morehouse School of Medicine, Grady Health System, 80 Jesse Hill Jr. Drive, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
authors: Huali
authors: H
authors: Xu
authors: Georgia Cancer Center for Excellence, Cancer Biology Program, Department of OB/GYN, Morehouse School of Medicine, Grady Health System, 80 Jesse Hill Jr. Drive, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
authors: Chunshu
authors: C
authors: Yang
authors: Georgia Cancer Center for Excellence, Cancer Biology Program, Department of OB/GYN, Morehouse School of Medicine, Grady Health System, 80 Jesse Hill Jr. Drive, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
authors: Shubha
authors: S
authors: Kayarthodi
authors: Georgia Cancer Center for Excellence, Cancer Biology Program, Department of OB/GYN, Morehouse School of Medicine, Grady Health System, 80 Jesse Hill Jr. Drive, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
authors: Roland
authors: R
authors: Matthews
authors: Georgia Cancer Center for Excellence, Cancer Biology Program, Department of OB/GYN, Morehouse School of Medicine, Grady Health System, 80 Jesse Hill Jr. Drive, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
authors: Veena N
authors: VN
authors: Rao
authors: Georgia Cancer Center for Excellence, Cancer Biology Program, Department of OB/GYN, Morehouse School of Medicine, Grady Health System, 80 Jesse Hill Jr. Drive, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
authors: E Shyam P
authors: ES
authors: Reddy
keywords: ERG; Phosphorylation; Smad3; TGF-β; TMPRSS2-ERG