title: Influence of Gilbert's syndrome on the formation of ethyl glucuronide.
abstract: A drinking experiment with participants suffering from Gilbert's syndrome was performed to study the possible influence of this glucuronidation disorder on the formation of ethyl glucuronide (EtG). Gilbert's syndrome is a rather common and, in most cases, asymptomatic congenital metabolic aberration with a prevalence of about 5 %. It is characterized by a reduction of the enzyme activity of the uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) isoform 1A1 up to 80 %. One of the glucuronidation products is EtG, which is formed in the organism following exposure to ethanol. EtG is used as a short-term marker for ethyl alcohol consumption to prove abstinence in various settings. After 2 days of abstinence from ethanol and giving a void urine sample, 30 study participants drank 0.1 L of sparkling wine (9 g ethanol). 3, 6, 12, and 24 h after drinking, urine samples were collected. 3 hours after drinking, an additional blood sample was taken, in which liver enzyme activities, ethanol, hematological parameters, and bilirubin were measured. EtG and ethyl sulfate (EtS), another short-term marker of ethanol consumption, were determined in the urine samples using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS); creatinine was measured photometrically. In all participants, EtG and EtS were detected in concentrations showing a wide range (EtG: 3 h sample 0.5-18.43 mg/L and 6 h sample 0.67-13.8 mg/L; EtS: 3 h sample 0.87-6.87 mg/L and 6 h sample 0.29-4.48 mg/L). No evidence of impaired EtG formation was found. Thus, EtG seems to be a suitable marker for ethanol consumption even in individuals with Gilbert's syndrome.
authors: Institute of Forensic Medicine, Freiburg University Medical Center, Albertstraße 9, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
authors: Laura M
authors: LM
authors: Huppertz
authors: Leonie
authors: L
authors: Gunsilius
authors: Christelle
authors: C
authors: Lardi
authors: Wolfgang
authors: W
authors: Weinmann
authors: Annette
authors: A
authors: Thierauf-Emberger
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D000431:Ethanol / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005260:Female; D005878:Gilbert Disease / Q000378:metabolism*; D005965:Glucuronates / Q000652:urine*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013463:Sulfuric Acid Esters / Q000652:urine; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants; D005965:Glucuronates; D013463:Sulfuric Acid Esters; C093924:ethyl glucuronide; D000431:Ethanol; C011612:diethyl sulfate