title: Municipal distribution and trends in bladder cancer incidence in health area of León, Spain (1996-2010).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Spain is a country where bladder cancer incidence and mortality rates are some of the highest in the world. The aim of this study is to know the incidence, trends and geographical distribution of bladder cancer in the health area of León.
  
  
  METHODS
  the new cases of bladder cancer (CIE-188) in patients residing in the health area of León and registered in the Hospital Tumor Registry of the Centro Asistencial Universitario in León (Spain) between 1996-2010 were included in this study. Triennial crude incidence and adjusted incidence rates to the worldwide and European population were calculated. Population data of the municipalities of Leon (Spain) were obtained from National Institute of Statistic of Spain (INE, Instituto Nacional de Estadística). Data were disaggregated by sex-groups and five-year age groups. Spatial distribution of smoothed municipal relative risks (RR) of bladder cancer was carried out using a Besag, York and Mollié model. Bayesian model were used to calculate the posterior probability (PP) of RR greater than one.
  
  
  RESULTS
  1.573 cases were included. Incidence rates standardized to European population increased among men from 20,8/100.000 (1996-98) to 33,1/100.000 (2006-2008) and among women these rates increased from 1,9/100.000 to 5,9/100.000 for the same period of time. No relevant differences were found in the municipal distribution of the incidences.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  bladder cancer incidence rates are high in the European context. Rising trends in incidence in both sexs, particularly in women are observed.
authors: Servicio de Urología, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, León, España.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: del Canto
authors: Grupo de Investigación en Interacción Gen-Ambiente-Salud, Universidad de León, León, España. Electronic address: lgarm@unileon.es.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: García-Martínez
authors: Grupo de Investigación en Interacción Gen-Ambiente-Salud, Universidad de León, León, España.
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Fernández-Villa
authors: Grupo de Investigación en Interacción Gen-Ambiente-Salud, Universidad de León, León, España.
authors: A J
authors: AJ
authors: Molina
authors: Servicio de Urología, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, León, España.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Campanario
authors: Servicio de Urología, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, León, España.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: García-Sanz
authors: Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, España.
authors: G
authors: G
authors: López-Abente
authors: Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, León, España.
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Honrado
authors: Grupo de Investigación en Interacción Gen-Ambiente-Salud, Universidad de León, León, España; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, España.
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Martín-Sánchez
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002391:Catchment Area, Health; D019049:Developed Countries; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005260:Female; D062306:Geography, Medical; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009017:Morbidity / Q000639:trends; D012306:Risk; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D014505:Urban Population; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*
keywords: Bladder cancer; Cáncer de vejiga; Epidemiology.; Epidemiología.; Incidence; Incidencia; Tendencia; Tendency