title: Climate Change, Carbon Dioxide, and Pest Biology: Monitor, Mitigate, Manage.
abstract: Rising concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide ([CO2]) and subsequent changes in climate, including temperature and precipitation extremes, are very likely to alter pest pressures in both managed and unmanaged plant communities. Such changes in pest pressures can be positive (migration from a region) or negative (new introductions), but are likely to be accompanied by significant economic and environmental consequences. Recent studies indicate the range of invasive weeds such as kudzu and insects such as mountain pine beetle have already expanded to more northern regions as temperatures have risen. To reduce these consequences, a better understanding of the link between CO2/climate and pest biology is needed in the context of existing and new strategies for pest management. This paper provides an overview of the probable biological links and the vulnerabilities of existing pest management (especially chemical control) and provides a preliminary synthesis of research needs that could potentially improve the ability to monitor, mitigate, and manage pest impacts.
authors: Agricultural Research Service , U.S. Department of Agriculture, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States.
authors: Lewis H
authors: LH
authors: Ziska
authors: Bayer CropScience, 2 T. W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States.
authors: Laura L
authors: LL
authors: McConnell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000032:analysis*; D057231:Climate Change; D017753:Ecosystem; D007313:Insecta / Q000254:growth & development*; D010571:Pest Control / Q000191:economics; D057685:Plant Weeds / Q000254:growth & development*; D058728:Weed Control / Q000191:economics
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide
keywords: carbon dioxide; climate change; disease; insects; management; weeds