title: Mixing apples with oranges: Visual attention deficits in schizophrenia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Patients with schizophrenia usually present cognitive deficits. We investigated possible anomalies at filtering out irrelevant visual information in this psychiatric disorder. Associations between these anomalies and positive and/or negative symptomatology were also addressed.
  
  
  METHODS
  A group of individuals with schizophrenia and a control group of healthy adults performed a Garner task. In Experiment 1, participants had to rapidly classify visual stimuli according to their colour while ignoring their shape. These two perceptual dimensions are reported to be "separable" by visual selective attention. In Experiment 2, participants classified the width of other visual stimuli while trying to ignore their height. These two visual dimensions are considered as being "integral" and cannot be attended separately.
  
  
  RESULTS
  While healthy perceivers were, in Experiment 1, able to exclusively respond to colour, an irrelevant variation in shape increased colour-based reaction times (RTs) in the group of patients. In Experiment 2, RTs when classifying width increased in both groups as a consequence of perceiving a variation in the irrelevant dimension (height). However, this interfering effect was larger in the group of schizophrenic patients than in the control group. Further analyses revealed that these alterations in filtering out irrelevant visual information correlated with positive symptoms in PANSS scale.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A possible limitation of the study is the relatively small sample.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest the presence of attention deficits in filtering out irrelevant visual information in schizophrenia that could be related to positive symptomatology.
authors: Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Parc Sanitari de Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Psicologia Bàsica, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors: Claudia
authors: C
authors: Caprile
authors: Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
authors: Jorge
authors: J
authors: Cuevas-Esteban
authors: Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (Cibersam), Spain.
authors: Susana
authors: S
authors: Ochoa
authors: Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (Cibersam), Spain.
authors: Judith
authors: J
authors: Usall
authors: Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Parc Sanitari de Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (Cibersam), Spain. Electronic address: jnavarrao@fsjd.org.
authors: Jordi
authors: J
authors: Navarra
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Attention; Garner paradigm; Positive symptomatology; Schizophrenia; Visual perception