title: Genomic profiling of small-cell lung cancer: the era of targeted therapies.
abstract: The molecular profiling of small-cell lung cancer is challenging because of the difficulty in obtaining suitable tumor samples for integrative genomic analysis. While an urgent need exists for well-defined and effective therapeutic targets in small-cell lung cancer, no significant improvement has been made in treating this disease over the past 30 years. Recently, three reports describing comprehensive genomic analyses of small-cell lung cancer have been published. These reports have provided a framework of biologically relevant genes in small-cell lung cancer and have demonstrated that the genomic landscape of small-cell lung cancer was almost equivalent between Asian and Caucasian populations. Of note, these three comprehensive genomic analyses and other molecular analyses of small-cell lung cancer have contributed to the identification of patient populations that may benefit from promising targeted agents, such as those affecting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, FGFR1, RET or AURORA kinase inhibitors. Targeting small-cell lung cancer cells with tumor suppressor gene alteration based on synthetic lethality is also promising. The present review provides an overview of the biologically relevant genetic alterations and targeted therapies of small-cell lung cancer focusing on recent discoveries that could impact the management of small-cell lung cancer.
authors: Division of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa sumemura@east.ncc.go.jp.
authors: Shigeki
authors: S
authors: Umemura
authors: Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Japan.
authors: Katsuya
authors: K
authors: Tsuchihara
authors: Division of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa.
authors: Koichi
authors: K
authors: Goto
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D064127:Aurora Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D023281:Genomics; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051096:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret / Q000378:metabolism; D051496:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D055752:Small Cell Lung Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D064127:Aurora Kinases; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D051096:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret; D051496:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; C546842:MTOR protein, human; C496348:FGFR1 protein, human; C099282:RET protein, human
keywords: genome; lung cancer; profiling; small cell; targeted therapy