title: The expanding role of mTOR in cancer cell growth and proliferation.
abstract: The mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a conserved protein kinase that controls several anabolic processes required for cell growth and proliferation. As such, mTOR has been implicated in an increasing number of pathological conditions, including cancer, obesity, type 2 diabetes and neurodegeneration. As part of the mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1), mTOR regulates cell growth by promoting the biosynthesis of proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. Several mTORC1 substrates have been shown to regulate protein synthesis, including the eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E)-binding proteins (4E-BPs) and the ribosomal S6 kinases (S6Ks) 1 and 2. In this work, we focus on the signalling pathways that lie both upstream and downstream of mTORC1, as well as their relevance to human pathologies. We further discuss pharmacological approaches that target mTOR and their applications for the treatment of cancer.
authors: Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors: Marie
authors: M
authors: Cargnello
authors: Laboratory for Therapeutic Development, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada and.
authors: Joseph
authors: J
authors: Tcherkezian
authors: Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada philippe.roux@umontreal.ca.
authors: Philippe P
authors: PP
authors: Roux
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D048708:Cell Growth Processes / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D000076222:Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes / Q000378:metabolism*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; C546842:MTOR protein, human; D000076222:Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases