title: Biochemically verified smoking cessation and vaping beliefs among vape store customers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate biochemically verified smoking status and electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) use behaviors and beliefs among a sample of customers from vapor stores (stores specializing in ENDS).
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional survey of 215 adult vapor store customers at four retail locations in the Midwestern United States; a subset of participants (n = 181) also completed exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) testing to verify smoking status.
  
  
  METHODS
  Outcomes evaluated included ENDS preferences, harm beliefs, use behaviors, smoking history and current biochemically verified smoking status.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Most customers reported starting ENDS as a means of smoking cessation (86%), using newer-generation devices (89%), vaping non-tobacco/non-menthol flavors (72%) and using e-liquid with nicotine strengths of ≤20 mg/ml (72%). There was a high rate of switching (91.4%) to newer-generation ENDS among those who started with a first-generation product. Exhaled CO readings confirmed that 66% of the tested sample had quit smoking. Among those who continued to smoke, mean cigarettes per day decreased from 22.1 to 7.5 (P <0.001). People who reported vaping longer [odds ratio (OR) = 4.659, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.001-10.846], using newer-generation devices (OR = 2.950, 95% CI = 1.037-8.395) and using non-tobacco and non-menthol flavors (OR = 2.626, 95% CI = 1.133-6.085) were more likely to have quit smoking.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among vapor store customers in the United States who use electronic nicotine delivery devices to stop smoking, vaping longer, using newer-generation devices and using non-tobacco and non-menthol flavored e-liquid appear to be associated with higher rates of smoking cessation.
authors: Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA; Oklahoma Tobacco Research Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.
authors: Alayna P
authors: AP
authors: Tackett
authors: William V
authors: WV
authors: Lechner
authors: Ellen
authors: E
authors: Meier
authors: DeMond M
authors: DM
authors: Grant
authors: Leslie M
authors: LM
authors: Driskill
authors: Noor N
authors: NN
authors: Tahirkheli
authors: Theodore L
authors: TL
authors: Wagener
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D003132:Commerce; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D066300:Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States; D000072137:Vaping
chemical_list: D002248:Carbon Monoxide
keywords: Electronic cigarettes; electronic nicotine delivery systems; smoking cessation; tank systems; vaping; vapor stores