title: Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) liver transcriptome response to diets containing Camelina sativa products.
abstract: Due to increasing demand for fish oil (FO) and fish meal (FM) in aquafeeds, more sustainable alternatives such as plant-derived oils and proteins are needed. Camelina sativa products are viable feed ingredients given the high oil and crude protein content in the seed. Atlantic salmon were fed diets with complete or partial replacement of FO and/or FM with camelina oil (CO) and/or camelina meal (CM) in a 16-week trial [Control diet: FO; Test diets: 100% CO replacement of FO (100CO), or 100CO with solvent-extracted FM (100COSEFM), 10% CM (100CO10CM), or SEFM+10% CM (100COSEFM10CM)]. Diet composition, growth, and fatty acid analyses for this feeding trial were published previously. A 44K microarray experiment identified liver transcripts that responded to 100COSEFM10CM (associated with reduced growth) compared to controls, yielding 67 differentially expressed features (FDR<5%). Ten microarray-identified genes [cpt1, pcb, bar, igfbp-5b (2 paralogues), btg1, dnph1, lect-2, clra, klf9, and fadsd6a], and three additional genes involved in lipid metabolism [elovl2, elovl5 (2 paralogues), and fadsd5], were subjected to QPCR with liver templates from all 5 dietary treatments. Of the microarray-identified genes, only bar was not QPCR validated. Both igfbp-5b paralogues were significantly down-regulated, and fadsd6a was significantly up-regulated, in all 4 camelina-containing diet groups compared with controls. Multivariate statistics were used to correlate hepatic desaturase and elongase gene expression data with tissue fatty acid profiles, indicating the involvement of these genes in LC-PUFA biosynthesis. This nutrigenomic study provides molecular biomarkers for use in developing novel aquafeeds using camelina products.
authors: Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 1 Marine Lab Road, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada.
authors: Xi
authors: X
authors: Xue
authors: Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 1 Marine Lab Road, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada.
authors: Stefanie M
authors: SM
authors: Hixson
authors: Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 1 Marine Lab Road, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada.
authors: Tiago S
authors: TS
authors: Hori
authors: Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 1 Marine Lab Road, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada.
authors: Marije
authors: M
authors: Booman
authors: Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 1 Marine Lab Road, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada.
authors: Christopher C
authors: CC
authors: Parrish
authors: Department of Plant and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada.
authors: Derek M
authors: DM
authors: Anderson
authors: Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 1 Marine Lab Road, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada. Electronic address: mrise@mun.ca.
authors: Matthew L
authors: ML
authors: Rise
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D020317:Salmo salar / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D059467:Transcriptome
keywords: Camelina; Hepatic transcriptome; Lipid metabolism; Nutrigenomics; Sustainable aquaculture diets