title: Biofeedback-based self-alert training reduces alpha activity and stabilizes accuracy in the Sustained Attention to Response Task.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Deﬁcits in sustaining attention are common in various organic brain diseases. A recent study proposed self-alert training (SAT) as a technique to improve sustained attention. In the SAT, individuals learn to gain volitional control over their own state of arousal by means of electrodermal biofeedback.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, we investigated the behavioral, electrodermal, and electroencephalogram correlates of the SAT with a blinded, randomized, and active-controlled pre-post study design. Sustained attention capacity was assessed with the Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The SAT resulted in strong phasic increases in skin conductance response (SCR), but endogenous control of SCR without feedback was problematic. Electroencephalogram analysis revealed stronger alpha reduction during SART for the SAT than for the control group. Behaviorally, the SAT group performed more accurately and more slowly after intervention than the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study provides further evidence that SAT helps to maintain SART accuracy over prolonged periods of time. Whether this accuracy is more related to sustained attention or response inhibition is discussed.
authors: a Neuropsychology Lab Department of Psychology , School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Oldenburg , Oldenburg , Germany.
authors: Niclas
authors: N
authors: Braun
authors: Stefan
authors: S
authors: Debener
authors: Ariane
authors: A
authors: Sölle
authors: Cornelia
authors: C
authors: Kranczioch
authors: Helmut
authors: H
authors: Hildebrandt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000513:Alpha Rhythm / Q000502:physiology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001143:Arousal / Q000502:physiology*; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D001676:Biofeedback, Psychology; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005260:Female; D005712:Galvanic Skin Response; D006801:Humans; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011930:Reaction Time; D000068356:Self-Control; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Biofeedback; Electrodermal activity; Electroencephalogram; Self-alert training; Sustained Attention to Response Task