title: A comprehensive whole-genome integrated cytogenetic map for the alpaca (Lama pacos).
abstract: Genome analysis of the alpaca (Lama pacos, LPA) has progressed slowly compared to other domestic species. Here, we report the development of the first comprehensive whole-genome integrated cytogenetic map for the alpaca using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and CHORI-246 BAC library clones. The map is comprised of 230 linearly ordered markers distributed among all 36 alpaca autosomes and the sex chromosomes. For the first time, markers were assigned to LPA14, 21, 22, 28, and 36. Additionally, 86 genes from 15 alpaca chromosomes were mapped in the dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius, CDR), demonstrating exceptional synteny and linkage conservation between the 2 camelid genomes. Cytogenetic mapping of 191 protein-coding genes improved and refined the known Zoo-FISH homologies between camelids and humans: we discovered new homologous synteny blocks (HSBs) corresponding to HSA1-LPA/CDR11, HSA4-LPA/CDR31 and HSA7-LPA/CDR36, and revised the location of breakpoints for others. Overall, gene mapping was in good agreement with the Zoo-FISH and revealed remarkable evolutionary conservation of gene order within many human-camelid HSBs. Most importantly, 91 FISH-mapped markers effectively integrated the alpaca whole-genome sequence and the radiation hybrid maps with physical chromosomes, thus facilitating the improvement of the sequence assembly and the discovery of genes of biological importance.
authors: Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Tex., USA.
authors: Felipe
authors: F
authors: Avila
authors: Malorie P
authors: MP
authors: Baily
authors: Polina
authors: P
authors: Perelman
authors: Pranab J
authors: PJ
authors: Das
authors: Joan
authors: J
authors: Pontius
authors: Renuka
authors: R
authors: Chowdhary
authors: Elaine
authors: E
authors: Owens
authors: Warren E
authors: WE
authors: Johnson
authors: David A
authors: DA
authors: Merriwether
authors: Terje
authors: T
authors: Raudsepp
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002161:Camelids, New World / Q000235:genetics*; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D020732:Cytogenetic Analysis; D008040:Genetic Linkage; D016678:Genome; D006801:Humans; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics; D026801:Synteny