title: [The clinical and X-ray classification of osteonecrosis of the low jaw].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To elaborate a clinical and X-ray classification of osteonecrosis of the low jaw in people with desomorphine or pervitin addiction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-two patients with drug addiction who had undergone orthopantomography, direct frontal X-ray of the skull, and multislice computed tomography, followed by multiplanar and three-dimensional imaging reconstruction were examined. One hundred thirty four X-ray films and 74 computed tomographic images were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The authors proposed a clinical and X-ray classification of osteonecrosis of the low jaw in people with desomorphine or pervitin addiction and elaborated recommendations for surgical interventions on the basis of the developed classification.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The developed clinical and X-ray classification and recommendations for surgical interventions may be used to treat osteonecroses of various etiology.
authors: Iu A
authors: IuA
authors: Medvedev
authors: E M
authors: EM
authors: Basin
authors: I A
authors: IA
authors: Sokolina
mesh_terms: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008334:Mandible / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000601:surgery; D008694:Methamphetamine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D009022:Morphine Derivatives / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D061330:Multidetector Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D009294:Narcotics / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000379:methods; D010020:Osteonecrosis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic / Q000379:methods*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D009022:Morphine Derivatives; D009294:Narcotics; D010758:Phosphorus; D008694:Methamphetamine