title: Optimal extraction and fingerprinting of carotenoids by accelerated solvent extraction and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry.
abstract: Accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) is applied for the extraction of carotenoids from orange carrot and the extraction parameters were optimized. Two carotenoids, lutein and β-carotene, are selected as the validation process. Hildebrand solubility parameters and dielectric constant of solvents were taken into consideration in selecting solvent mixture. The effects of various experimental parameters, such as temperature, static time, drying agent etc., on the ASE extraction efficiency are investigated systematically. Interactions among the variables were also studied. Furthermore, two carotenoids were analyzed and characterized by LC-ESI MS. The study concluded that Hildebrand solubility parameter approach may be applicable for less polar bioactive molecules like carotenoids. The properties of solvent and extraction temperature are found to be the most important parameters affecting the ASE extraction efficiency of thermolabile natural compounds.
authors: Division of Agricultural Chemicals, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India.
authors: Supradip
authors: S
authors: Saha
authors: Division of Agricultural Chemicals, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India. Electronic address: s_supradip@yahoo.com.
authors: Suresh
authors: S
authors: Walia
authors: Division of Agricultural Chemicals, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India.
authors: Aditi
authors: A
authors: Kundu
authors: Division of Agricultural Chemicals, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India.
authors: Khushbu
authors: K
authors: Sharma
authors: Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India.
authors: Ranjit Kumar
authors: RK
authors: Paul
mesh_terms: D002338:Carotenoids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D018552:Daucus carota / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D002338:Carotenoids
keywords: Accelerated solvent extractor; Carotenoid; Hildebrand solubility parameters; Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry