title: Impact of phosphorus and water-soluble organic carbon in cattle and swine manure composts on lead immobilization in soil.
abstract: In the present study, we aimed to understand how amelioration of animal manure compost (AMC) with high phosphorus and low water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) contents can simultaneously immobilize lead and reduce lead mobility and bioavailability in soil irrespective of the animal source. The amount of water-soluble lead in the soil amended with swine compost (SC) was not suppressed as compared with that in the soil without compost, whereas it was suppressed in the case of the soil amended with cattle compost (CC). The lead phases in the soil amended with SC became less soluble; however, those in the soil amended with CC were equivalent to those in the soil without compost. The ameliorated cattle and SCs with high phosphorus and low WSOC contents simultaneously induced a significant reduction in the concentration of water-soluble lead and ensured the formation of higher concentrations of insoluble lead phases. The microbial enzyme activities in the soil amended with the ameliorated compost were lower than those in the soil amended with the SC. This study suggests that ameliorated AMC can alter lead phases to insoluble forms and suppress the level of water-soluble lead, simultaneously. Therefore, such ameliorated AMC with high phosphorus and low WSOC contents would be suitable as a lead immobilization material.
authors: a Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Graduate School of Engineering , Gifu University , 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193 , Japan.
authors: Masahiko
authors: M
authors: Katoh
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: Wataru
authors: W
authors: Kitahara
authors: Takeshi
authors: T
authors: Sato
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000201:enzymology; D001682:Biological Availability; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry; D002417:Cattle; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004798:Enzymes / Q000737:chemistry*; D007854:Lead / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D008372:Manure / Q000032:analysis / Q000382:microbiology; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000737:chemistry*; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000737:chemistry*; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D012995:Solubility; D013045:Species Specificity; D013552:Swine; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004798:Enzymes; D008372:Manure; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014867:Water; D010758:Phosphorus; D007854:Lead; D002244:Carbon
keywords: animal manure compost; lead immobilization; phosphorus; soil remediation; water-soluble organic matter