title: Analysis of coenzyme Q10 in bee pollen using online cleanup by accelerated solvent extraction and high performance liquid chromatography.
abstract: A method for the determination of coenzyme Q10 in bee pollen has been developed applying an online cleanup of accelerated solvent extraction and using environmentally acceptable organic solvents. The extracted samples were analysed by high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection. The optimised method employed 10 mL extraction cells, 1g sample size, absolute ethanol as extraction solvent, 80°C of extraction temperature, one extraction cycle, 5 min of static time, Cleanert Alumina-N as sorbent and 60% flush volume. The method was validated by means of an evaluation of the matrix effects, linearity, limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ), trueness, precision and stability. The assay was linear over the concentration range of 0.25-200mg/L and the LOD and LOQ were 0.16 and 0.35 mg/kg, respectively. The recoveries were above 90%. The inter- and intra-day precision was below 6.3%. The method has been successfully applied to the analysis of bee pollen samples. For 20 bee pollen products, the coenzyme Q10 content varied from not detectable to 192.8 mg/kg.
authors: Department of Applied chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Institute of Apiculture Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; Apicultural Branch Center, Research and Development Center of National Agro-food Processing Technology, Beijing 102202, China. Electronic address: xue_xiaofeng@126.com.
authors: Xiaofeng
authors: X
authors: Xue
authors: Institute of Apiculture Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; Apicultural Branch Center, Research and Development Center of National Agro-food Processing Technology, Beijing 102202, China.
authors: Jing
authors: J
authors: Zhao
authors: Institute of Apiculture Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; Apicultural Branch Center, Research and Development Center of National Agro-food Processing Technology, Beijing 102202, China.
authors: Lanzhen
authors: L
authors: Chen
authors: Institute of Apiculture Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; Apicultural Branch Center, Research and Development Center of National Agro-food Processing Technology, Beijing 102202, China.
authors: Jinhui
authors: J
authors: Zhou
authors: Institute of Apiculture Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; Apicultural Branch Center, Research and Development Center of National Agro-food Processing Technology, Beijing 102202, China.
authors: Bing
authors: B
authors: Yue
authors: Institute of Apiculture Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; Apicultural Branch Center, Research and Development Center of National Agro-food Processing Technology, Beijing 102202, China.
authors: Yi
authors: Y
authors: Li
authors: Institute of Apiculture Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; Apicultural Branch Center, Research and Development Center of National Agro-food Processing Technology, Beijing 102202, China.
authors: Liming
authors: L
authors: Wu
authors: Department of Applied chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China. Electronic address: lfm2000@cau.edu.cn.
authors: Fengmao
authors: F
authors: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001331:Automation / Q000379:methods*; D001516:Bees; D005591:Chemical Fractionation; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D011058:Pollen / Q000737:chemistry*; D014451:Ubiquinone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D014451:Ubiquinone; C024989:coenzyme Q10; C025204:Ubiquinone Q2
keywords: Accelerated solvent extraction; Bee pollen; Coenzyme Q10; High performance liquid chromatography