title: Protective immune response of live attenuated thermo-adapted peste des petits ruminants vaccine in goats.
abstract: Virulent isolate of peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) of Indian origin (PPRV Jhansi 2003) initially adapted in Vero cells was further propagated in thermo-adapted (Ta) Vero cells grown at 40 °C for attaining thermo-adaption and attenuation of virus for development of Ta vaccine against PPR in goats and sheep. The virus was attenuated up to 50 passages in Ta Vero cells, at which, the virus was found sterile, innocuous in mice and guinea pigs and safe in seronegative goats and sheep. The developed vaccine was tested for its immunogenicity in goats and sheep by subcutaneous inoculation of 100 TCID50 (0.1 field dose), 10(3) TCID50 (one field dose) and 10(5) TCID50 (100 field doses) of the attenuated virus along with controls as per OIE described protocols for PPR vaccine testing and were assessed for PPRV-specific antibodies 7-28 days post vaccination (dpv) by PPR competitive ELISA and serum neutralization tests. The PPRV antibodies were detected in all immunized goats and sheep and goats were protective when challenged with virulent PPRV at 28th dpv along with controls for potency testing of the vaccine. The attenuated vaccine did not induce any adverse reaction at high dose (10(5) TCID50) in goats and sheep and provided complete protection even at low dose (10(2) TCID50) in goats when challenged with virulent virus. There was no shedding and horizontal transmission of the attenuated virus to in-contact controls. The results indicate that the developed PPR Ta attenuated virus is innocuous, safe, immunogenic and potent or efficacious vaccine candidate alternative to the existing vaccines for the protection of goats and sheep against PPR in the tropical countries like India.
authors: Division of Virology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar Campus 263 138, Nainital District, Uttarakhand, India ; National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI) (formerly Project Directorate on Animal Disease Monitoring and Surveillance-PD_ADMAS), Hebbal, Bangalore, 560 024 Karnataka India.
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Balamurugan
authors: Division of Virology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar Campus 263 138, Nainital District, Uttarakhand, India ; Animal Health Division, ICAR-NEH Region, Umiam, 793 103 Meghalaya India.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Sen
authors: Division of Virology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar Campus 263 138, Nainital District, Uttarakhand, India.
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Venkatesan
authors: Division of Virology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar Campus 263 138, Nainital District, Uttarakhand, India ; Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bangalore Campus, Bangalore, 560 024 Karnataka India.
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Bhanuprakash
authors: Division of Virology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar Campus 263 138, Nainital District, Uttarakhand, India ; Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243 122 Uttar Pradesh India.
authors: R K
authors: RK
authors: Singh
keywords: Efficacy; Goats and sheep; PPR virus; Thermo-adapted; Vaccine