title: Streptococcus suis serotype 2 strains can induce the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps and evade trapping.
abstract: Streptococcus suis (S. suis) ranks among the five most important porcine pathogens worldwide and occasionally threatens human health, especially in people that come into close contact with pigs or pork products. Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (SS2) is considered to be the most pathogenic and prevalent capsular type. As a first line of immune defense against SS2 infection, neutrophils can eliminate the invader not only by phagocytosis but also by neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)-mediated killing. SS2 can resist phagocytosis through polysaccharide capsule (CPS), but how this strain evades the effects of NETs remains to be determined. The present study demonstrated that the epidemic strain 05ZY, the highly pathogenic strain P1/7 and the intermediately pathogenic strain A7 could induce the formation of NETs. Furthermore, SS2 strains could successfully resist NETs-mediated killing, and the CPS structure contributed to this resistance by escaping the trapping. Therefore, the CPS structure not only contributed to the SS2 strains' resistance to phagocytosis-mediated killing but also played an essential role in evading NETs trapping and further killing in vitro. This study strengthens our understanding of how S. suis can evade innate immune surveillance and elimination.
authors: Unit of Animal Infectious Diseases, National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, 1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P.R. China.
authors: Jianqing
authors: J
authors: Zhao
authors: College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, 1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P.R. China.
authors: Shan
authors: S
authors: Pan
authors: College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, 1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P.R. China.
authors: Lan
authors: L
authors: Lin
authors: College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, 1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P.R. China.
authors: Lei
authors: L
authors: Fu
authors: College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, 1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P.R. China.
authors: Chao
authors: C
authors: Yang
authors: College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, 1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P.R. China.
authors: Zhongmin
authors: Z
authors: Xu
authors: College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, 1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P.R. China.
authors: YanMin
authors: Y
authors: Wei
authors: College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, 1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P.R. China.
authors: Meilin
authors: M
authors: Jin
authors: Unit of Animal Infectious Diseases, National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, 1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P.R. China andye8019@mail.hzau.edu.cn.
authors: Anding
authors: A
authors: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016667:Bacterial Capsules / Q000502:physiology*; D065206:Extracellular Traps / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D057131:Immune Evasion; D051379:Mice; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology*; D010587:Phagocytosis; D065288:Serogroup; D017011:Streptococcus suis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: C028096:capsular polysaccharide, Streptococcus suis type 2
keywords: Streptococcus suis (S. suis); neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs); polysaccharide capsule (CPS)