title: Protective effect of C. sativa leaf extract against UV mediated-DNA damage in a human keratinocyte cell line.
abstract: Toxic effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation on skin include protein and lipid oxidation, and DNA damage. The latter is known to play a major role in photocarcinogenesis and photoaging. Many plant extracts and natural compounds are emerging as photoprotective agents. Castanea sativa leaf extract is able to scavenge several reactive species that have been associated to UV-induced oxidative stress. The aim of this work was to analyze the protective effect of C. sativa extract (ECS) at different concentrations (0.001, 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1 μg/mL) against the UV mediated-DNA damage in a human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT). For this purpose, the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay was used. Elucidation of the protective mechanism was undertaken regarding UV absorption, influence on (1)O₂ mediated effects or NRF2 activation. ECS presented a concentration-dependent protective effect against UV-mediated DNA damage in HaCaT cells. The maximum protection afforded (66.4%) was achieved with the concentration of 0.1 μg/mL. This effect was found to be related to a direct antioxidant effect (involving (1)O₂) rather than activation of the endogenous antioxidant response coordinated by NRF2. Electrochemical studies showed that the good antioxidant capacity of the ECS can be ascribed to the presence of a pool of different phenolic antioxidants. No genotoxic or phototoxic effects were observed after incubation of HaCaT cells with ECS (up to 0.1 μg/mL). Taken together these results reinforce the putative application of this plant extract in the prevention/minimization of UV deleterious effects on skin.
authors: Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências do Medicamento, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. Electronic address: ifalmeida@ff.up.pt.
authors: I F
authors: IF
authors: Almeida
authors: Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências do Medicamento, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors: A S
authors: AS
authors: Pinto
authors: Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências do Medicamento, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Monteiro
authors: Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências do Medicamento, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Monteiro
authors: Laboratório de Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Belo
authors: Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Science (IBILI), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Fernandes
authors: Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors: A R
authors: AR
authors: Bento
authors: Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors: T L
authors: TL
authors: Duarte
authors: CIQ-Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP), Politécnico do Porto, Portugal.
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Garrido
authors: Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências do Medicamento, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors: M F
authors: MF
authors: Bahia
authors: Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências do Medicamento, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors: J M
authors: JM
authors: Sousa Lobo
authors: Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências do Medicamento, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors: P C
authors: PC
authors: Costa
mesh_terms: D004249:DNA Damage; D029962:Fagaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D010636:Phenols / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D026082:Singlet Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2; C495635:NFE2L2 protein, human; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents; D026082:Singlet Oxygen