title: Metabolism and excretion rates of parent and hydroxy-PAHs in urine collected after consumption of traditionally smoked salmon for Native American volunteers.
abstract: Few studies have been published on the excretion rates of parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and hydroxy-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAHs) following oral exposure. This study investigated the metabolism and excretion rates of 4 parent PAHs and 10 OH-PAHs after the consumption of smoked salmon. Nine members of the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation consumed 50 g of traditionally smoked salmon with breakfast and five urine samples were collected during the following 24 h. The concentrations of OH-PAHs increased from 43.9 μg/g creatinine for 2-OH-Nap to 349 ng/g creatinine for 1-OH-Pyr, 3 to 6 h post-consumption. Despite volunteers following a restricted diet, there appeared to be a secondary source of naphthalene and fluorene, which led to excretion efficiencies greater than 100%. For the parent PAHs that were detected in urine, the excretion efficiencies ranged from 13% for phenanthrene (and its metabolite) to 240% for naphthalene (and its metabolites). The half-lives for PAHs ranged from 1.4 h for retene to 3.3h for pyrene. The half-lives for OH-PAHs were higher and ranged from 1.7 h for 9-OH-fluorene to 7.0 h for 3-OH-fluorene. The concentrations of most parent PAHs, and their metabolites, returned to the background levels 24 h post-consumption.
authors: Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
authors: Oleksii
authors: O
authors: Motorykin
authors: Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
authors: Lisandra
authors: L
authors: Santiago-Delgado
authors: School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
authors: Diana
authors: D
authors: Rohlman
authors: Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
authors: Jill E
authors: JE
authors: Schrlau
authors: Department of Science and Engineering, Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation, Pendleton, OR 97801, USA.
authors: Barbara
authors: B
authors: Harper
authors: Department of Science and Engineering, Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation, Pendleton, OR 97801, USA.
authors: Stuart
authors: S
authors: Harris
authors: School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: Harding
authors: School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
authors: Molly L
authors: ML
authors: Kile
authors: Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA. Electronic address: staci.simonich@oregonstate.edu.
authors: Staci L
authors: SL
authors: Massey Simonich
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American; D008297:Male; D010290:Parents; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000652:urine*; D012474:Salmon; D014838:Volunteers; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000652:urine*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical