title: Facial, cervical, and mediastinal emphysema of the clarinet player: case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cervicofacial emphysema may arise due to the leakage of air from a defect in the aerodigestive tract to the fascial layers of neck and face. Rarely, it may be caused by insufflation of air through the Stensen's duct.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present a case with diffuse facial, cervical and mediastinal emphysema due to playing a wind instrument immediately after a facial trauma. There was no mucosal defect or laceration noticed by examination which could explain the origin of the emphysema. Despite the widespread cervicofacial emphysema with mediastinal involvement, the patient significantly improved within 48 hours without any intervention.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Even though cervicofacial emphysema ameliorates spontaneously, increased care must be taken, especially when there is pneumomediastinum and/or pneumothorax.
authors: Department of Otolaryngology, Abant İzzet Baysal University Faculty of Medicine, Bolu, Turkey.
authors: Yusuf Özgür
authors: YÖ
authors: Biçer
authors: Department of Otolaryngology, Abant İzzet Baysal University Faculty of Medicine, Bolu, Turkey.
authors: Selcan
authors: S
authors: Kesgin
authors: Department of Otolaryngology, Abant İzzet Baysal University Faculty of Medicine, Bolu, Turkey.
authors: Erkan
authors: E
authors: Tezcan
authors: Department of Otolaryngology, Abant İzzet Baysal University Faculty of Medicine, Bolu, Turkey.
authors: Serap
authors: S
authors: Köybaşı
keywords: Cervicofacial; Stensen’s duct; emphysema; mediastinal; wind instrument