title: The CD markers of camel (Camelus dromedarius) milk cells during mastitis: the LPAM-1 expression is an indication of possible mucosal nature of the cellular trafficking.
abstract: Studying the cellular populations of the camel mammary glands through the expression pattern of the CD markers and adhesion molecules is a mean to define whether the cellular trafficking pathway is peripheral or mucosal nature. Camel milk cells from 8 Gram-positive and 5 Gram-negative infected camels were examined with flow cytometry using cross-reacting antibodies like, anti-CD4(+), CD8(+), WC+1(+)γδ, CD62L, CD11a(+)/CD18, LPAM-1, CXCR2. The overall results indicated high flow cytometry output of most of the CD makers. The statistical analysis of the mean percentage of the expressed CD markers has shown that CD62L, CXCR-2, LPAM-1, CD11a/CD18, CD8(+), IL-6R and CD20(+) were expressed in significant differences in either type of the infection. The LPAM-1 expression has provided further support to the notion that the lymphocyte trafficking is of the mucosal nature. The mucosal origin of cellular trafficking has important implications on the vaccine design and therapeutical approaches to mastitis.
authors: Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors: Roqaya A
authors: RA
authors: Al-Ashqar
authors: Department of Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture, Al Ahsaa, Saudi Arabia.
authors: Khadim M
authors: KM
authors: Al-Mohammad Salem
authors: Immunology Unit, Diagnostic Laboratory, King Fahad Hospital, Ministry of Health, Al Ahsaa, Saudi Arabia.
authors: Abdul Kareem M
authors: AK
authors: Al Herz
authors: Immunology Unit, Regional Diagnostic Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
authors: Amal I
authors: AI
authors: Al-Haroon
authors: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al Ahsaa, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: aalluwaimi@gmail.com.
authors: Ahmed M
authors: AM
authors: Alluwaimi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D040881:CD11a Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D016827:CD8 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D002162:Camelus / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002452:Cell Count; D002465:Cell Movement; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D016023:Integrins / Q000378:metabolism*; D016014:Linear Models; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008413:Mastitis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008892:Milk / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D019947:Receptors, Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D023063:Receptors, Interleukin-8B / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D040881:CD11a Antigen; D016827:CD8 Antigens; D016023:Integrins; D019947:Receptors, Interleukin-6; D023063:Receptors, Interleukin-8B; C071777:integrin alpha4beta7
keywords: CD62L; Camel; LPMA-1; MAdCAM-1; Mammary glands; Mastitis; Mucosal; Saudi Arabia