title: Optimization of flocculation efficiency of lipid-rich marine Chlorella sp. biomass and evaluation of its composition in different cultivation modes.
abstract: This study aimed to optimize flocculation efficiency of lipid-rich marine Chlorella sp. biomass and evaluate its composition in different cultivation modes. Among three flocculants including Al(3+), Mg(2+) and Ca(2+) tested, Al(3+) was most effective for harvesting microalgal biomass. Four important parameters for flocculation were optimized through response surface methodology. The maximum flocculation efficiency in photoautotrophic culture was achieved at pH 10, flocculation time of 15 min, Al(3+) concentration of 2.22 mM and microalgal cells of 0.47 g/L. The flocculation in mixotrophic culture required lower amount of Al(3+) (0.74 mM) than that in photoautotrophic and heterotrophic cultures (2.22 mM). The biomass harvested from mixotrophic culture contained lipid at the highest content of 42.08 ± 0.58% followed by photoautotrophic (32.08 ± 3.88%) and heterotrophic (30.42 ± 1.13%) cultures. The lipid-extracted microalgal biomass residues (LMBRs) contained protein as high as 38-44% and several minerals showing their potential use as animal feed and their carbohydrate content were 16-29%.
authors: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cenderawasih, Jalan Kamp Walker, Jayapura 99358, Indonesia; Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai 90112, Thailand.
authors: Yohanis Irenius
authors: YI
authors: Mandik
authors: Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai 90112, Thailand. Electronic address: benjamas.che@psu.ac.th.
authors: Benjamas
authors: B
authors: Cheirsilp
authors: Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai 90112, Thailand.
authors: Piyarat
authors: P
authors: Boonsawang
authors: Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai 90112, Thailand.
authors: Poonsuk
authors: P
authors: Prasertsan
mesh_terms: D059001:Aquatic Organisms / Q000502:physiology; D052818:Autotrophic Processes; D056804:Biofuels; D018533:Biomass; D002708:Chlorella / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005427:Flocculation; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry*; D052817:Phototrophic Processes; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D008055:Lipids; D011506:Proteins
keywords: Al(3+); Biodiesel; Flocculant; Lipid; Marine Chlorella sp.