title: Histogram analysis of iodine maps from dual energy computed tomography for monitoring targeted therapy of melanoma patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Iodine quantification with dual energy computed tomography (DECT) enables quantitative assessment of contrast medium uptake. Our purpose was to investigate patterns of enhancement under BRAF inhibitor therapy by performing histogram analyses (HAs) of iodine maps.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 11 stage IV melanoma patients (32 metastases) underwent DECT at baseline and at least one follow up. Iodine uptake and HAs including maximum HU value (MAX), mean HU value (MEAN) and standard deviation (STD) was calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For BRAF-responders MEAN, MAX and STD decreased significantly (p < 0.05). Nonresponder showed increasing MAX and STD for six out of seven lesions, while MEAN and Iodine uptake decreased (four) and increased (three).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HA based on DECT enables a quantitative and functional criterion and contributes to accurate response assessment for promising targeted therapies.
authors: Department of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280; D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
authors: Monika
authors: M
authors: Uhrig
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Simons
authors: Maria-Katharina
authors: MK
authors: Ganten
authors: Jessica C
authors: JC
authors: Hassel
authors: Heinz-Peter
authors: HP
authors: Schlemmer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003287:Contrast Media; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007455:Iodine; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D008875:Middle Aged; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D036542:Tomography, Spiral Computed; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D003287:Contrast Media; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D007455:Iodine; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf
keywords: BRAF inhibitor; dual energy CT; histogram analysis; melanoma; response criteria; targeted therapy