title: Workplace violence toward emergency department staff in Jordanian hospitals: a cross-sectional study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Workplace violence against emergency department staff (EDS) is considered one of the most common and widespread phenomena of violence in the hospital setting.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this research is to determine the incidence of workplace violence and the predictors of violent behavior against EDS working at hospitals in Jordan.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study was used to investigate the workplace violence experiences of a convenience sample of 355 EDS working at 8 government-run and 4 privately run Jordanian hospitals. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire that was developed for this study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nearly three quarters (72%) of participants reported being exposed to violent acts. Patients and their relatives were identified as the main perpetrators of this violence. The contributing factors to workplace violence identified by the participants included overcrowding, lack of resources, staff shortages, and the absence of effective antiviolence policies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Policies and legislation related to workplace violence should be instituted and developed. Furthermore, EDS should be trained to deal with violent incidents and to understand violence management policies.
authors: 1PhD, RN, Associate Professor, Faculty of Nursing, Al al-Bayt University, Mafraq, Jordan 2PhD, RN, Assistant Professor, Faculty of Nursing, Al al-Bayt University, Mafraq, Jordan 3PhD, RN, Assistant Professor, Faculty of Nursing, Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan 4PhD, RN, Associate Professor, Faculty of Nursing, Philadelphia University, Jordan 5PhD, RN, Assistant Professor, Faculty of Nursing, Philadelphia University, Jordan 6MSN, RN, Teacher, Faculty of Nursing, Al al-Bayt University, Mafraq, Jordan.
authors: Mohammed
authors: M
authors: ALBashtawy
authors: Manar
authors: M
authors: Al-Azzam
authors: Ahmad
authors: A
authors: Rawashda
authors: Abdul-Monim
authors: AM
authors: Batiha
authors: Ibrahim
authors: I
authors: Bashaireh
authors: Mohammad
authors: M
authors: Sulaiman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004632:Emergency Medical Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006282:Health Personnel / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007597:Jordan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D064450:Workplace Violence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*