title: Identification of phenolic compounds in petals of nasturtium flowers (Tropaeolum majus) by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and determination of oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC).
abstract: The contents and profile of polyphenols were analyzed in edible petals of nasturtium flowers (Tropaeolum majus) of three colors, and their oxygen radical absorbance capacities (ORAC) were compared. Three primary anthocyanins (ACNs) and 15 non-ACN phenolic compounds including hydroxycinammic acids (HCAs) and flavonoids (myricetin, quercetin, and kaempferol derivatives) were detected. Anthocyanin concentration was within 31.9 ± 21.7 and 114.5 ± 2.3 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside (cy-3-glu)/100 g fresh weight (FW) in yellow and red petals, respectively. The concentration of HCAs varied between 33.3 ± 7.1 and 235.6 ± 8.1 mg chlorogenic acid equivalents/100 g FW for red and yellow flowers, respectively. Red flowers had the highest level of flavonoids (315.1 ± 2.4 mg myricetin equivalents/100 g FW) and the highest ORAC radical-scavenging activity. These results show the diversity and abundance of polyphenolic compounds in nasturtium flowers, which could be the basis for applications in functional foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.
authors: Departamento de Quı́mica, Universidad Nacional de Colombia , AA 14490 Bogotá, Colombia.
authors: G Astrid
authors: GA
authors: Garzón
authors: David C
authors: DC
authors: Manns
authors: Ken
authors: K
authors: Riedl
authors: Steven J
authors: SJ
authors: Schwartz
authors: Olga
authors: O
authors: Padilla-Zakour
mesh_terms: D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000032:analysis; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D003373:Coumaric Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis; D035264:Flowers / Q000737:chemistry*; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000737:chemistry; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000032:analysis; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000737:chemistry*; D032388:Tropaeolum / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D000975:Antioxidants; D003373:Coumaric Acids; D005419:Flavonoids; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D010636:Phenols; D059808:Polyphenols; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species
keywords: ORAC; Tropaeolum majus; anthocyanins; nasturtium flowers; phenolics