title: Regulation of Treg-associated CD39 in multiple sclerosis and effects of corticotherapy during relapse.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Accumulating data highlight proinflammatory processes leading to MS relapses. Whether anti-inflammatory mechanisms are concomitantly activated is unclear. The ectonucleotidase CD39 has been described as a novel T regulatory cell (Treg) marker. The purpose of this study was to explore whether regulatory mechanisms are activated during MS relapses and reinforced by intravenous methylprednisolone (ivMP).
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood samples were collected from stable and relapsing MS patients and healthy controls. We used FOXP3 methylation-specific qPCR and CD4(+)CD25(high)FOXP3(+) analysis to quantify Tregs. Cytokine mRNA expression levels were measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and in CD4(+) T cells. CD39 expression was determined by flow cytometry in monocytes, NK, T and B cells. CD39 enzymatic activity was assessed by ATP luminometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The proportion of Tregs was similar in relapsing MS patients and healthy controls. CD39 mRNA level was higher in PBMCs of relapsing MS patients than in controls. The proportion of CD39-expressing Tregs was higher in MS patients. IvMP decreased the overall proportion of Tregs while it increased CD39 mRNA levels, the proportions of CD39-expressing Tregs and monocytes as well as CD39 ectonucleotidase activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that immunoregulatory mechanisms are ongoing in MS patients, particularly during relapses, and strengthened by ivMP.
authors: Unité de Neurochimie, Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Belgium.
authors: Nathalie G V
authors: NG
authors: Muls
authors: Unité de Neurochimie, Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Belgium.
authors: Hong Anh
authors: HA
authors: Dang
authors: Unité de Neurochimie, Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Belgium.
authors: Christian J M
authors: CJ
authors: Sindic
authors: Unité de Neurochimie, Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Belgium vincent.vanpesch@uclouvain.be.
authors: Vincent
authors: V
authors: van Pesch
mesh_terms: D061605:Administration, Intravenous; D000328:Adult; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D001081:Apyrase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020529:Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D001081:Apyrase; C067869:CD39 antigen; D008775:Methylprednisolone
keywords: CD39; Multiple sclerosis; corticosteroids; immunoregulation; regulatory T cells; relapse