title: Effects of a combined physical training and nutrition intervention on physical performance and health-related quality of life in prefrail older women living in the community: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to examine whether a 12-week combined physical exercise training and nutritional intervention improves physical performance and enhances health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among prefrail elderly women living in the community.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a randomized controlled trial in which participants were recruited and randomly assigned to the exercise and nutrition group (EN, n = 30), exercise only group (E, n = 28), and control group (C, n = 31).
  
  
  METHODS
  Group training classes were held at a research center in Itabashi Ward, Tokyo, Japan.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-nine prefrail women aged 70 years or older.
  
  
  METHODS
  The EN group participated in an exercise training and nutritional program (cooking class) once a week, and the E group participated in the exercise training program only.
  
  
  METHODS
  Outcome measures that included physical performance (handgrip strength, balance, walking speed) and HRQOL (Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Health Survey) were obtained at entry, the end of the 12-week intervention, and 6 months after completion of the intervention program.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the end of the 12-week intervention, significant improvements in the physical component summary score and 3 (role physical, bodily pain, role emotional) of the 8 domains of the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Health Survey were observed in the EN group. The E group exhibited a significantly increased handgrip strength at postintervention. The positive effects, however, were not maintained at 6-month follow-up, but were reduced.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combined physical exercise training and nutritional intervention program has beneficial effects on several domains of HRQOL and handgrip strength in prefrail elderly women living in the community. However, further studies are needed to examine approaches that facilitate maintenance of the improved outcomes by combined exercise training and nutritional intervention.
authors: Institute for Health Insurance Policy Research, National Health Insurance Corporation, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Jinhee
authors: J
authors: Kwon
authors: Research Team for Promoting Independence of the Elderly, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Yuko
authors: Y
authors: Yoshida
authors: Research Team for Promoting Independence of the Elderly, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Hideyo
authors: H
authors: Yoshida
authors: Research Team for Promoting Independence of the Elderly, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Hunkyung
authors: H
authors: Kim
authors: National Institute for Longevity Sciences, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan.
authors: Takao
authors: T
authors: Suzuki
authors: Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Institute on Aging, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: yhlee@ajou.ac.kr.
authors: Yunhwan
authors: Y
authors: Lee
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004032:Diet; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D016330:Frail Elderly / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015577:Geriatric Assessment / Q000379:methods; D018737:Hand Strength / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D057187:Independent Living; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology*; D011788:Quality of Life; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Frail elderly; clinical trial; diet; exercise; hand strength; quality of life