title: InsP6-sensitive variants of the Gle1 mRNA export factor rescue growth and fertility defects of the ipk1 low-phytic-acid mutation in Arabidopsis.
abstract: Myo-inositol-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakisphosphate (InsP(6)), also known as phytic acid, accumulates in large quantities in plant seeds, serving as a phosphorus reservoir, but is an animal antinutrient and an important source of water pollution. Here, we report that Gle1 (GLFG lethal 1) in conjunction with InsP(6) functions as an activator of the ATPase/RNA helicase LOS4 (low expression of osmotically responsive genes 4), which is involved in mRNA export in plants, supporting the Gle1-InsP(6)-Dbp5 (LOS4 homolog) paradigm proposed in yeast. Interestingly, plant Gle1 proteins have modifications in several key residues of the InsP(6) binding pocket, which reduce the basicity of the surface charge. Arabidopsis thaliana Gle1 variants containing mutations that increase the basic charge of the InsP(6) binding surface show increased sensitivity to InsP(6) concentrations for the stimulation of LOS4 ATPase activity in vitro. Expression of the Gle1 variants with enhanced InsP(6) sensitivity rescues the mRNA export defect of the ipk1 (inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate 2-kinase) InsP(6)-deficient mutant and, furthermore, significantly improves vegetative growth, seed yield, and seed performance of the mutant. These results suggest that Gle1 is an important factor responsible for mediating InsP(6) functions in plant growth and reproduction and that Gle1 variants with increased InsP(6) sensitivity may be useful for engineering high-yielding low-phytate crops.
authors: Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea.
authors: Ho-Seok
authors: HS
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea.
authors: Du-Hwa
authors: DH
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea.
authors: Hui Kyung
authors: HK
authors: Cho
authors: Division of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Ansung, Kyunggi-do 456-756, Korea.
authors: Song Hee
authors: SH
authors: Kim
authors: Division of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Ansung, Kyunggi-do 456-756, Korea.
authors: Joong Hyuck
authors: JH
authors: Auh
authors: Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea hspai@yonsei.ac.kr.
authors: Hyun-Sook
authors: HS
authors: Pai
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001665:Binding Sites; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism; D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases / Q000378:metabolism; D005298:Fertility; D020868:Gene Silencing; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D009685:Nuclear Envelope / Q000378:metabolism; D028861:Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010641:Phenotype; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) / Q000378:metabolism*; D010833:Phytic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D011485:Protein Binding; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D034443:RNA Transport; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012639:Seeds / Q000254:growth & development; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000378:metabolism; D014026:Nicotiana
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; C000603136:Gle1 protein, Arabidopsis; D028861:Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D010833:Phytic Acid; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor); C508906:inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate 2-kinase, Arabidopsis; C504788:LOS4 protein, Arabidopsis; D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases