title: [Molecular mechanisms of skeletal muscle hypertrophy].
abstract: Enzymes Akt, AMPK, mTOR, S6K and PGC-1a coactivator take part in skeletal muscles in the regulation of synthesis of proteins. The expression of these proteins is regulated by growth factors, hormones, nutrients, mechanical loading and leads to an increase in muscle mass and skeletal muscle hypertrophy. The review presents the results of studies published in the past four years, which expand knowledge on the effects of various factors on protein synthesis in skeletal muscle. The attention is focused on the achievements that reveal and clarify the signaling pathways involved in the regulation of protein synthesis in skeletal muscle. The central place is taken by mTOR enzyme which controls and regulates the main stages of the cascade of reactions of muscle proteins providing synthesis in the conditions of human life. coactivator PGC-1a.
authors: I V
authors: IV
authors: Astratenkova
authors: V A
authors: VA
authors: Rogozkin
mesh_terms: D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D006984:Hypertrophy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D038762:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D009124:Muscle Proteins; C486497:PPARGC1A protein, human; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; D014157:Transcription Factors; C546842:MTOR protein, human; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D038762:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; C448959:ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 70kD, polypeptide 2; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases