title: Reinforcement of natural rubber hybrid composites based on marble sludge/Silica and marble sludge/rice husk derived silica.
abstract: A research has been carried out to develop natural rubber (NR) hybrid composites reinforced with marble sludge (MS)/Silica and MS/rice husk derived silica (RHS). The primary aim of this development is to scrutinize the cure characteristics, mechanical and swelling properties of such hybrid composite. The use of both industrial and agricultural waste such as marble sludge and rice husk derived silica has the primary advantage of being eco-friendly, low cost and easily available as compared to other expensive fillers. The results from this study showed that the performance of NR hybrid composites with MS/Silica and MS/RHS as fillers is extremely better in mechanical and swelling properties as compared with the case where MS used as single filler. The study suggests that the use of recently developed silica and marble sludge as industrial and agricultural waste is accomplished to provide a probable cost effective, industrially prospective, and attractive replacement to the in general purpose used fillers like china clay, calcium carbonate, and talc.
authors: Applied Chemistry Research Centre, PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Karachi 75280, Pakistan.
authors: Khalil
authors: K
authors: Ahmed
authors: Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Pakistan.
authors: Shaikh Sirajuddin
authors: SS
authors: Nizami
authors: Applied Chemistry Research Centre, PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Karachi 75280, Pakistan.
authors: Nudrat Zahid
authors: NZ
authors: Riza
keywords: Hybrid composite; Marble sludge; Mechanical properties; Natural rubber; Rice husk derived silica; Silica