title: Sex difference in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular-related risk factors in urban adults from 33 communities of China: The CHPSNE study.
abstract: Little is known about the epidemiology of metabolic syndrome in urban areas of China. To estimate the prevalence of MetS and identify its cardiovascular-related factors in men and women, a representative sample of 15,477 urban adults aged 18-74 years in Northeast China was selected from 2009 to 2010. The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome was based on criteria set by the National Cholesterol Education Program/Adult Treatment Panel. The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 27.4% (men 27.9% and women 26.8%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that a higher education level and a higher family income were associated with a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome in men, but associated with lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome among women. Higher physical activity was associated with a decreased prevalence of metabolic syndrome in men (adjusted odds ratios (aORs) = 0.88, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.79-0.99), but associated with an increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome in women (aOR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.00-1.29). Compared with rice as the major staple food, cooked wheaten foods were associated with lower adjusted odds for metabolic syndrome both in men (aOR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.58-0.90) and in women (aOR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.56-0.92). In conclusion, metabolic syndrome is highly prevalent in urban areas of China, and there is heterogeneity by sex in the relationships between risk factors and metabolic syndrome prevalence.
authors: Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China sqb1966@163.com donggh512@hotmail.com.
authors: Qing-Bin
authors: QB
authors: Song
authors: Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.
authors: Yang
authors: Y
authors: Zhao
authors: Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.
authors: Yu-Qin
authors: YQ
authors: Liu
authors: Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.
authors: Jian
authors: J
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.
authors: Shi-Jie
authors: SJ
authors: Xin
authors: Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.
authors: Guang-Hui
authors: GH
authors: Dong
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D065840:Protective Factors; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012737:Sex Factors; D014504:Urban Health; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Chinese; Metabolic syndrome; cardiovascular-related risk factors; sex difference