title: Multiplex PCR assay for the detection of five meat species forbidden in Islamic foods.
abstract: Food falsification has direct impact on public health, religious faith, fair-trades and wildlife. For the first time, here we described a multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay for the accurate identification of five meat species forbidden in Islamic foods in a single assay platform. Five pairs of species-specific primers were designed targeting mitochondrial ND5, ATPase 6, and cytochrome b genes to amplify 172, 163, 141, 129 and 108 bp DNA fragments from cat, dog, pig, monkey and rat meats, respectively. All PCR products were identified in gel-images and electrochromatograms obtained from Experion Bioanalyzer. Species-specificity checking against 15 important meat and fish and 5 plant species detected no cross-species amplification. Screening of target species in model and commercial meatballs reflected its application to detect target species in process foods. The assay was tested to detect 0.01-0.02 ng DNA under raw states and 1% suspected meats in meatball formulation.
authors: Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre (NanoCat), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia. Electronic address: eaqubali@gmail.com.
authors: Md Eaqub
authors: ME
authors: Ali
authors: Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre (NanoCat), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
authors: Md Abdur
authors: MA
authors: Razzak
authors: Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre (NanoCat), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
authors: Sharifah Bee Abd
authors: SB
authors: Hamid
authors: Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre (NanoCat), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
authors: Md Mahfujur
authors: MM
authors: Rahman
authors: Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre (NanoCat), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
authors: Md Al
authors: MA
authors: Amin
authors: Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre (NanoCat), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
authors: Nur Raifana Abd
authors: NR
authors: Rashid
authors: Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre (NanoCat), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
authors: Asing
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002415:Cats; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D004285:Dogs; D005511:Food Handling; D000882:Haplorhini; D007514:Islam; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis*; D008461:Meat Products / Q000382:microbiology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D051381:Rats; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D004247:DNA
keywords: Fair-trade economy; Halal and haram species; Islamic foods; Multiplex PCR