title: Choosing between 7-, 10- and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in childhood: a review of economic evaluations (2006-2014).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV7) have been used in children for more than a decade. Given the observed increase in disease caused by pneumococcal serotypes not covered by PCV7, an increasing number of countries are switching from 7-valent to 10- and 13-valent PCVs ("PCV10" and "PCV13"). Economic evaluations are important tools to inform decisions and price negotiations to make such a switch.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This review aims to provide a critical assessment of economic evaluations involving PCV10 or PCV13, published since 2006.
  
  
  METHODS
  We searched Scopus, ISI Web of Science (SCI and SSCI) and Pubmed to retrieve, select and review relevant studies, which were archived between 1st January 2006 and 31st January 2014. The review protocol involved standard extraction of assumptions, methods, results and sponsorships from the original studies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-three economic evaluations on PCVs published since January 2006 were identified. About half of these evaluated PCV10 and/or PCV13, the subject of this review. At current prices, both PCV13 and PCV10 were likely judged preferable to PCV7. However, the combined uncertainty related to price differences, burden of disease, vaccine effectiveness, herd and serotype replacement effects determine the preference base for either PCV10 or PCV13. The pivotal assumptions and results of these analyses also depended on which manufacturer sponsored the study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A more thorough exploration of uncertainty should be made in future analyses on this subject, as we lack understanding to adequately model herd and serotype replacement effects to reliably predict the population impact of PCVs. The introduction of further improved PCVs in an environment of evolving antibiotic resistance and under the continuing influence of previous PCVs implies that the complexity and data requirements for relevant analyses will further increase. Decision makers using these analyses should not just rely on an analysis from a single manufacturer.
authors: School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Malaysia. Electronic address: david.wu@monash.edu.
authors: David Bin-Chia
authors: DB
authors: Wu
authors: School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Malaysia; Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand; School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA; School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. Electronic address: nathorn.chaiyakunapruk@monash.edu.
authors: Nathorn
authors: N
authors: Chaiyakunapruk
authors: School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Malaysia. Electronic address: chong.huey.yi@monash.edu.
authors: Huey-Yi
authors: HY
authors: Chong
authors: Centre for Health Economics Research & Modelling Infectious Diseases, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute, WHO Collaborating Centre, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium; School of Public Health and Community Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. Electronic address: philippe.beutels@uantwerpen.be.
authors: Philippe
authors: P
authors: Beutels
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D000069443:Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine / Q000191:economics*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000191:economics / Q000517:prevention & control*; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000191:economics*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: C586648:10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; C538862:13-valent pneumococcal vaccine; D000069443:Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines
keywords: Cost-effectiveness; Cost–benefit; Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; Streptococcus pneumoniae