title: Evaluation of anti-inflammatory, antiangiogenic and antiproliferative activities of Arrabidaea chica crude extracts.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Arrabidaea chica (Bignoniacea) has been used in popular medicine in Brazil to treat inflammation, skin diseases and leukemia. This work aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and antitumoral activities of the A. chica aqueous (AE) and ethanol (EE) extracts.
  
  
  METHODS
  The murine sponge model was used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenic activities of AE and EE. Accumulation of neutrophil and macrophage in the implants were determined by assaying myeloperoxidase and N-acetyl-glucosaminidase activities and the neovascularization evaluated by the amount of hemoglobin present in the implant using the Drabkin method. The antitumoral activity was evaluated using the MTT colorimetric method against Jurkat, HL60 and MCF-7 cells. Semi-purified fractions F1-F4 from the EE extract were obtained by a liquid-liquid solvent extraction method and their in vitro anti-proliferative effects were also investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ethanol and aqueous extracts of A. chica decreased neutrophil accumulation and hemoglobin content in the sponge implants without altering the level of cytokines (IL-2, IL- 4, IL-5, IFN-γ, TNF-α and VEGF) and the albumin/globulin ratio in the serum of treated animals. There was no sign of toxicity (clinical, laboratory or histopathology). The ethanol extract presented antiproliferative activity (IC50 21.5-36.3 µg/mL) against HL60 and Jurkat cell lineages and proapoptotic activity at 50 µg/mL in HL60 cells. The fraction F1 also demonstrated significant antiproliferative activity (IC50 38.5 µg/mL) and proapoptotic activity against HL60 cells in a dose dependent manner.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Aqueous and ethanol extracts of A. chica attenuate the inflammatory and angiogenic components of the subcutaneous fibrovascular tissue induced by the synthetic matrix in mice. In addition, the ethanol extract from Arrabidaea chica and its fraction F1 presented in vitro antiproliferative activity and could be useful for developing potential chemopreventive substances.
authors: Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais - Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil. Electronic address: anaflavia@michel.com.
authors: Ana Flávia Ribeiro Machado
authors: AF
authors: Michel
authors: Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors: Marília Martins
authors: MM
authors: Melo
authors: Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors: Paula Peixoto
authors: PP
authors: Campos
authors: Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors: Maira Souza
authors: MS
authors: Oliveira
authors: Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors: Fabiano Aurélio Silva
authors: FA
authors: Oliveira
authors: Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors: Geovanni Dantas
authors: GD
authors: Cassali
authors: Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors: Vanny Perpétua
authors: VP
authors: Ferraz
authors: Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou-FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors: Betânia Barros
authors: BB
authors: Cota
authors: Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors: Silvia Passos
authors: SP
authors: Andrade
authors: Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors: Elaine Maria
authors: EM
authors: Souza-Fagundes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D029402:Bignoniaceae / Q000737:chemistry; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018922:HL-60 Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D019169:Jurkat Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D061986:MCF-7 Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D016207:Cytokines; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
keywords: Angiogenesis; Apoptosis; Arrabidaea chica; Cytotoxic activity; Inflammation; Traditional medicine