title: High-intensity interval training (swimming) significantly improves the adverse metabolism and comorbidities in diet-induced obese mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Controlling obesity and other comorbidities in the population is a challenge in modern society. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) combines short periods of high-intensity exercise with long recovery periods or a low-intensity exercise. The aim was to assess the impact of HIIT in the context of diet-induced obesity in the animal model.
  
  
  METHODS
  C57BL/6 mice were fed one of the two diets: standard chow (Lean group - LE) or a high--fat diet (Obese group - OB). After twelve weeks, the animals were divided into non-trained groups (LE--NT and OB-NT) and trained groups (LE-T and OB--T), and began an exercise protocol. For biochemical analysis of inflammatory and lipid profile, we used a colorimetric enzymatic method and an automatic spectrophotometer. One-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis of the experimental groups with Holm-Sidak pos hoc test. Two-way ANOVA analyzed the interactions between diet and HIIT protocol.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HIIT leads to significant reductions in body mass, blood glucose, glucose tolerance and hepatic lipid profile in T-groups compared to NT-groups. HIIT was able to reduce plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, HIIT improves the insulin immunodensity in the islets, reduces the adiposity and the hepatic steatosis in the T-groups. HIIT improves beta--oxidation and peroxisome proliferator--activated receptor (PPAR)-alpha and reduces lipogenesis and PPAR--gamma levels in the liver. In skeletal muscle, HIIT improves PPAR--alpha and glucose transporter-4 and reduces PPAR--gamma levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HIIT leads to attenuate the adverse effects caused by a chronic ingestion of a high-fat diet.
authors: Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Biomedical Center,Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil - mandarim@uerj.br ;;
authors: V F
authors: VF
authors: Motta
authors: M B
authors: MB
authors: Aguila
authors: C A
authors: CA
authors: Mandarim-De-Lacerda