title: Monitoring the modifications of the vitreous humor metabolite profile after death: an animal model.
abstract: We applied a metabolomic approach to monitor the modifications occurring in goat vitreous humor (VH) metabolite composition at different times (0, 6, 12, 18, and 24 hours) after death. The (1)H-NMR analysis of the VH samples was performed for the simultaneous determination of several metabolites (i.e., the metabolite profile) representative of the VH status at different times. Spectral data were analyzed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and by Orthogonal Projection to Latent Structures (OPLS) regression technique. PCA and OPLS suggested that different spectral regions were involved in time-related changes. The major time-related compositional changes, here detected, were the increase of lactate, hypoxanthine, alanine, total glutathione, choline/phosphocholine, creatine, and myo-inositol and the decrease of glucose and 3-hydroxybutyrate. We attempted a speculative interpretation of the biological mechanisms underlying these changes. These results show that multivariate statistical approach, based on (1)H NMR metabolite profiling, is a powerful tool for detecting ongoing differences in VH composition and may be applied to investigate several physiological and pathological conditions.
authors: Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Forensic Science Unit, University of Cagliari, SS 554 Bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, Italy.
authors: Maria Francesca
authors: 0000-0002-7432-5604
authors: MF
authors: Rosa
authors: Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, SS 554 Bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, Italy.
authors: Paola
authors: 0000-0001-8350-8990
authors: P
authors: Scano
authors: Department of Surgery, University of Cagliari, SS 554 Bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, Italy.
authors: Antonio
authors: 0000-0003-3538-0050
authors: A
authors: Noto
authors: Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Forensic Science Unit, University of Cagliari, SS 554 Bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, Italy.
authors: Matteo
authors: 0000-0002-3645-6005
authors: M
authors: Nioi
authors: Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, SS 554 Bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, Italy.
authors: Roberta
authors: R
authors: Sanna
authors: Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Forensic Science Unit, University of Cagliari, SS 554 Bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, Italy.
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Paribello
authors: Public Health Institute, Forensic Science Unit, Catholic University, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00165 Rome, Italy.
authors: Fabio
authors: F
authors: De-Giorgio
authors: Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Forensic Science Unit, University of Cagliari, SS 554 Bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, Italy.
authors: Emanuela
authors: 0000-0003-0237-4228
authors: E
authors: Locci
authors: Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Forensic Science Unit, University of Cagliari, SS 554 Bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, Italy.
authors: Ernesto
authors: E
authors: d'Aloja
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001344:Autopsy; D006041:Goats; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D055442:Metabolome / Q000502:physiology*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000502:physiology*