title: Bacterial contamination levels of autogenous bone particles collected by 3 different techniques for harvesting intraoral bone grafts.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare levels of bacterial contamination of autogenous bone collected when using low-speed drilling, a back-action chisel, and a bone filter.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bone tissue samples were taken from 31 patients who underwent surgical extraction of their third lower molars. Before surgical removal of the molar, bone particles were collected by a low-speed drill or a back-action chisel. Then, a stringent aspiration protocol was applied during the ostectomy to collect particulate bone by a bone filter. Processing of samples commenced immediately by incubation in an anaerobic or a CO2-rich atmosphere. The number of colony-forming units (CFUs) was determined at 48 hours of culture.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant difference in the number of CFUs per milliliter was observed between the low-speed drilling group and the back-action chisel group in the anaerobic or CO2-rich condition (P = .34). However, significantly more micro-organisms were found in the bone filter group than in the low-speed drilling group or the back-action chisel group in the anaerobic and CO2-rich conditions (P < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Particulate bone harvested with low-speed drilling or a back-action chisel is safer for use as an autograft than are bone particles collected with a bone filter. These results suggest that bone obtained from low-speed drilling is safe and straightforward to harvest and could be the method of choice for collecting particulate bone. Further research is needed to lower the bacterial contamination levels of autogenous bone particles used as graft material.
authors: Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Granada, Granada, Spain. Electronic address: fjmanza@ugr.es.
authors: Francisco J
authors: FJ
authors: Manzano-Moreno
authors: Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors: Francisco J
authors: FJ
authors: Herrera-Briones
authors: Student, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors: Macarena
authors: M
authors: Linares-Recatala
authors: Associate Professor, Department of Statistics and Operations Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors: Francisco M
authors: FM
authors: Ocaña-Peinado
authors: Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors: Candela
authors: C
authors: Reyes-Botella
authors: Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Director, Oral Surgery and Implantology Masters Clinic, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors: Manuel F
authors: MF
authors: Vallecillo-Capilla
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000693:Anaerobiosis; D064592:Autografts / Q000382:microbiology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D058491:Bacterial Load; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000382:microbiology*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005374:Filtration / Q000295:instrumentation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000382:microbiology / Q000601:surgery; D008964:Molar, Third / Q000601:surgery; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D013997:Time Factors; D020858:Tissue and Organ Harvesting / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D014095:Tooth, Impacted / Q000601:surgery; D060053:Transplant Donor Site / Q000601:surgery; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide