title: Polycomb group protein-mediated histone modifications during cell differentiation.
abstract: Polycomb group (PcG) proteins play an important role in the regulation of gene expression, especially genes encoding lineage-specific factors. Perturbations in PcG protein expression may trigger an unexpected developmental pathway, resulting in birth defects and developmental disabilities. Two Polycomb repressive complexes, PRC1 and PRC2, have been identified and are related with diverse cellular processes through histone modifications. Many developmental genes are trimethylated at histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) mediated by PRC2, which provides a binding site for PRC1. These processes contribute to chromatin compaction and transcriptional repression. In this review, we discuss about the complex formation of PcG proteins, the mechanism through which they are recruited to target sites and their functional roles in cell differentiation.
authors: Division of Integrative Biosciences & Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, Republic of Korea.
authors: Abdul Aziz
authors: AA
authors: Khan
authors: Andrew Jeoungun
authors: AJ
authors: Lee
authors: Tae-Young
authors: TY
authors: Roh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics*; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D005801:Genes, Homeobox; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D063146:Polycomb-Group Proteins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D006657:Histones; D063146:Polycomb-Group Proteins
keywords: PcG recruitment; Polycomb group proteins; cell differentiation; development; homeobox genes