title: Inference of sex-specific expansion patterns in human populations from Y-chromosome polymorphism.
abstract: Studying the current distribution of genetic diversity in humans has important implications for our understanding of the history of our species. We analyzed a set of linked STR and SNP loci from the paternally inherited Y chromosome to infer the past demography of 55 African and Eurasian populations, using both the parametric and nonparametric coalescent-based methods implemented in the BEAST application. We inferred expansion events in most sedentary farmer populations, while we found constant effective population sizes for both nomadic hunter-gatherers and seminomadic herders. Our results differed, on several aspects, from previous results on mtDNA and autosomal markers. First, we found more recent expansion patterns in Eurasia than in Africa. This discrepancy, substantially stronger than the ones found with the other kind of markers, may result from a lower effective population size for men, which might have made male-transmitted markers more sensitive to the out-of-Africa bottleneck. Second, we found expansion signals only for sedentary farmers but not for nomadic herders in Central Asia, while these signals were found for both kind of populations in this area when using mtDNA or autosomal markers. Expansion signals in this area may result from spatial expansion processes and may have been erased for the Y chromosome among the herders because of restricted male gene flow.
authors: Laboratoire d'Eco-Anthropologie et Ethnobiologie, UMR 7206 (Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Université Paris 7 Diderot), Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, F-75231, Paris, France.
authors: Carla
authors: C
authors: Aimé
authors: Laboratoire d'Eco-Anthropologie et Ethnobiologie, UMR 7206 (Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Université Paris 7 Diderot), Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, F-75231, Paris, France.
authors: Evelyne
authors: E
authors: Heyer
authors: Laboratoire d'Eco-Anthropologie et Ethnobiologie, UMR 7206 (Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Université Paris 7 Diderot), Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, F-75231, Paris, France.
authors: Frédéric
authors: F
authors: Austerlitz
mesh_terms: D000349:Africa; D000465:Algorithms; D000885:Anthropology, Physical; D002681:China; D041322:Chromosomes, Human, Y / Q000235:genetics*; D003710:Demography / Q000379:methods; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005828:Genetics, Population; D049690:History, Ancient; D063426:Human Migration / Q000266:history*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics; D044469:Racial Groups / Q000235:genetics* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
keywords: beast; demography; microsatellites; population genetics; sex-specific processes