title: Multifunctional cell-culture platform for aligned cell sheet monitoring, transfer printing, and therapy.
abstract: While several functional platforms for cell culturing have been proposed for cell sheet engineering, a soft integrated system enabling in vitro physiological monitoring of aligned cells prior to their in vivo applications in tissue regeneration has not been reported. Here, we present a multifunctional, soft cell-culture platform equipped with ultrathin stretchable nanomembrane sensors and graphene-nanoribbon cell aligners, whose system modulus is matched with target tissues. This multifunctional platform is capable of aligning plated cells and in situ monitoring of cellular physiological characteristics during proliferation and differentiation. In addition, it is successfully applied as an in vitro muscle-on-a-chip testing platform. Finally, a simple but high-yield transfer printing mechanism is proposed to deliver cell sheets for scaffold-free, localized cell therapy in vivo. The muscle-mimicking stiffness of the platform allows the high-yield transfer printing of multiple cell sheets and results in successful therapies in diseased animal models. Expansion of current results to stem cells will provide unique opportunities for emerging classes of tissue engineering and cell therapy technologies.
authors: †Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.|‡School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
authors: Seok Joo
authors: SJ
authors: Kim
authors: †Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.|§Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea.
authors: Hye Rim
authors: HR
authors: Cho
authors: †Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.|‡School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
authors: Kyoung Won
authors: KW
authors: Cho
authors: ⊥Center for Mechanics of Solids, Structures, and Materials, Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, Texas Materials Institute, University of Texas at Austin, 210 E. 24th Street, Austin, Texas 78712, United States.
authors: Shutao
authors: S
authors: Qiao
authors: ∥School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
authors: Jung Soo
authors: JS
authors: Rhim
authors: †Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.|‡School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
authors: Min
authors: M
authors: Soh
authors: †Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.|‡School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
authors: Taeho
authors: T
authors: Kim
authors: †Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.|‡School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
authors: Moon Kee
authors: MK
authors: Choi
authors: †Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.|‡School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
authors: Changsoon
authors: C
authors: Choi
authors: †Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.|‡School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
authors: Inhyuk
authors: I
authors: Park
authors: ‡School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
authors: Nathaniel S
authors: NS
authors: Hwang
authors: †Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.|‡School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
authors: Taeghwan
authors: T
authors: Hyeon
authors: †Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.|§Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea.
authors: Seung Hong
authors: SH
authors: Choi
authors: ⊥Center for Mechanics of Solids, Structures, and Materials, Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, Texas Materials Institute, University of Texas at Austin, 210 E. 24th Street, Austin, Texas 78712, United States.
authors: Nanshu
authors: N
authors: Lu
authors: †Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.|‡School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
authors: Dae-Hyeong
authors: DH
authors: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D064987:Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry; D051379:Mice; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry; D011327:Printing; D023822:Tissue Engineering
chemical_list: D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D006108:Graphite
keywords: cell alignment; ceria nanoparticle; flexible nanomembrane electronics; graphene nanoribbon; real-time monitoring; regenerative medicine; transfer printing