title: Designing climate-resilient rice with ideal grain quality suited for high-temperature stress.
abstract: To ensure rice food security, the target outputs of future rice breeding programmes should focus on developing climate-resilient rice varieties with emphasis on increased head rice yield coupled with superior grain quality. This challenge is made greater by a world that is increasingly becoming warmer. Such environmental changes dramatically impact head rice and milling yield as well as increasing chalkiness because of impairment in starch accumulation and other storage biosynthetic pathways in the grain. This review highlights the knowledge gained through gene discovery via quantitative trait locus (QTL) cloning and structural-functional genomic strategies to reduce chalk, increase head rice yield, and develop stable lines with optimum grain quality in challenging environments. The newly discovered genes and the knowledge gained on the influence of specific alleles related to stability of grain quality attributes provide a robust platform for marker-assisted selection in breeding to design heat-tolerant rice varieties with superior grain quality. Using the chalkiness trait in rice as a case study, we demonstrate here that the emerging field of systems genetics can help fast-track the identification of novel alleles and gene targets that can be pyramided for the development of environmentally robust rice varieties that possess improved grain quality.
authors: Grain Quality and Nutrition Center, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila 1301, Philippines n.sreenivasulu@irri.org.
authors: Nese
authors: N
authors: Sreenivasulu
authors: Grain Quality and Nutrition Center, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila 1301, Philippines.
authors: Vito M
authors: VM
authors: Butardo
authors: Grain Quality and Nutrition Center, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila 1301, Philippines.
authors: Gopal
authors: G
authors: Misra
authors: Grain Quality and Nutrition Center, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila 1301, Philippines.
authors: Rosa Paula
authors: RP
authors: Cuevas
authors: Grain Quality and Nutrition Center, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila 1301, Philippines.
authors: Roslen
authors: R
authors: Anacleto
authors: Department of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500 007, India.
authors: Polavarpu B
authors: PB
authors: Kavi Kishor
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D001947:Breeding; D002980:Climate; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D004777:Environment; D006358:Hot Temperature; D012275:Oryza / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D010641:Phenotype; D040641:Quantitative Trait Loci / Q000235:genetics*; D013213:Starch / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D013213:Starch
keywords: Chalk; functional genomics; genetics; grain quality; milling and head rice yield; stress tolerance; systems biology; systems genetics.