title: Frequency of EGFR mutations in non-small cell lung cancer patients: screening data from West Siberia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Incorporation of molecular analysis of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene into routine clinical practice has shown great promise to provide personalized therapy of the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the developed world. However, the genetic testing of EGFR mutations has not yet become routine clinical practice in territories remote from the central regions of Russia. Therefore, we aimed to study the frequency of major types of activating mutations of the EGFR gene in NSCLC patients residing in West Siberia.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined EGFR mutations in exons 19 and 21 in 147 NSCLC patients (excluding squamous cell lung carcinomas) by real time polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  EGFR mutations were detected in 28 of the 147 (19%) patients. There were 19 (13%) cases with mutations in exon 19 and 9 cases (6%) in exon 21. Mutations were more frequently observed in women (42%, p=0.000) than in men (1%). A significantly higher incidence of EGFR mutations was observed in bronchioloalveolar carcinomas (28%, p=0.019) and in adenocarcinomas (21%, p=0.024) than in large cell carcinomas, mixed adenocarcinomas, and NOS (4%). The EGFR mutation rate was much higher in never-smokers than in smokers: 38% vs. 3% (p=0.000). The frequency of EGFR mutations in the Kemerovo and Tomsk regions was 19%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incorporation of molecular analysis of the EGFR gene into routine clinical practice will allow clinicians to provide personalised therapy, resulting in a significant increase in survival rates and improvement in life quality of advanced NSCLC patients.
authors: Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Tomsk ??nc?r Research Institute", Tomsk, Russian Federation E-mail : pgervas@yandex.ru; gervaspa@oncology.tomsk.ru.
authors: Polina
authors: P
authors: Gervas
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: Ivanova
authors: Nikolay
authors: N
authors: Vasiliev
authors: Olga
authors: O
authors: Ananina
authors: Olga
authors: O
authors: Zharkova
authors: Olga
authors: O
authors: Rogovieva
authors: Natalia
authors: N
authors: Verzhbitskaya
authors: Ivan
authors: I
authors: Didichuk
authors: Olga
authors: O
authors: Cheremisina
authors: Natalia
authors: N
authors: Popova
authors: Victor
authors: V
authors: Goldberg
authors: Evgeny
authors: E
authors: Cherdyntsev
authors: Evgeny
authors: E
authors: Choynzonov
authors: Nadezda
authors: N
authors: Cherdyntseva
mesh_terms: D002282:Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018287:Carcinoma, Large Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005820:Genetic Testing; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011379:Prognosis; D012426:Russia
chemical_list: C512478:EGFR protein, human; D066246:ErbB Receptors