title: Biochemical characterization and antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of different Ganoderma collections.
abstract: The aim of this study was to conduct a molecular and biochemical characterization and to compare the antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of four Ganoderma isolates belonging to Ganoderma lucidum (Gl-4, Gl-5) and Ganoderma resinaceum (F-1, F-2) species. The molecular identification was performed by ITS and IGS sequence analyses and the biochemical characterization by enzymatic and proteomic approaches. The antioxidant activity of the ethanolic extracts was compared by three different methods and their flavonoid contents were also analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The antiproliferative effect on U937 cells was determined by MTT assay. The studied mycelia differ both in the enzymatic activities and protein content. The highest content in total phenol and the highest antioxidant activity for DPPH free radical scavenging and chelating activity on Fe(2+) were observed with the Gl-4 isolate of G. lucidum. The presence of quercetin, rutin, myricetin, and morin as major flavonoids with effective antioxidant activity was detected. The ethanolic extracts from mycelia of G. lucidum isolates possess a substantial antiproliferative activity against U937 cells in contrast to G. resinaceum in which the antiproliferative effects were insignificant. This study provides a comparison between G. lucidum and G. resinaceum mycelial strains, and shows that G. resinaceum could be utilized to obtain several bioactive compounds.
authors: Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy.
authors: Roberta
authors: R
authors: Saltarelli
authors: Paola
authors: P
authors: Ceccaroli
authors: Michele
authors: M
authors: Buffalini
authors: Luciana
authors: L
authors: Vallorani
authors: Lucia
authors: L
authors: Casadei
authors: Alessandra
authors: A
authors: Zambonelli
authors: Mirco
authors: M
authors: Iotti
authors: Susanna
authors: S
authors: Badalyan
authors: Vilberto
authors: V
authors: Stocchi
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000378:metabolism; D005562:Formazans / Q000032:analysis; D032902:Ganoderma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D016533:Mycological Typing Techniques; D010802:Phylogeny; D020543:Proteome / Q000032:analysis; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D004271:DNA, Fungal; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D005419:Flavonoids; D005562:Formazans; D020543:Proteome; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; C079782:MTT formazan; C022616:thiazolyl blue