title: Leucine and lysine intakes are highly associated with serum adiponectin levels in asymptomatic adults.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adiponectin has anti-inflammatory, antiatherosclerotic properties and it is involved in metabolic regulation, especially by sensitizing tissues for insulin. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet has been shown to have a positive effect on adiponectin levels. Therefore, our aim was to assess asymptomatic general population of the Mediterranean part of Slovenia and to evaluate the correlations between serum adiponectin levels (SALs) and diet components, dietary habits, lifestyle parameters, metabolic syndrome (MetS) components and inflammatory markers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Healthy adults aged 25-49 participated in the cross-sectional study. Linear correlation analyses were used to examine SALs on diet components, dietary habits, lifestyle parameters and all risk factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A positive correlation between the ratio of leucine:lysine intake and adiponectin and a negative correlation between adiponectin and presence of already two components of MetS were found. Moreover, we confirmed the negative correlations between adiponectin and C-reactive protein (CRP), but found a negative correlation between adiponectin and visfatin. Furthermore, hierarchical multiple regression analyses confirmed that besides lower homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), CRP, homocysteine and BMI, also higher ratio of leucine:lysine contributes to the prediction of higher level of adiponectin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate that high leucine:lysine intake ratio may promote the increase in SALs in clinically asymptomatic adults. On the other hand, lower SALs are due to obesity, inflammation and presence of already 2 components of metabolic syndrome.
authors: Science and Research Centre, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia - ana.petelin@fvz.upr.si.
authors: Nina
authors: N
authors: Mohorko
authors: Zala
authors: Z
authors: Jenko-Pražnika
authors: Ana
authors: A
authors: Petelin
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet; D038441:Diet, Mediterranean; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007930:Leucine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008019:Life Style; D008239:Lysine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D007930:Leucine; D008239:Lysine