title: Efficacy of surfactant-TA, calfactant and poractant alfa for preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome: a retrospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the efficacy of the new drug calfactant with the commonly used drugs surfactant-TA and poractant alfa.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 332 preterm infants at 24-31 weeks' gestation with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) were enrolled and allocated to three groups according to the surfactant instilled; Group 1 (n=146, surfactant-TA), Group 2 (n=96, calfactant), and Group 3 (n=90, poractant alfa). The diagnosis of RDS and the decision to replace the pulmonary surfactant were left to the attending physician and based on patient severity determined by chest radiography and blood gas analysis. Data were collected and reviewed retrospectively using patient medical records.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Demographic factors including gestational age, birth weight, Apgar score, clinical risk index for babies II score, and maternal status before delivery were not different between the study groups. Instances of surfactant redosing and pulmonary air leaks, as well as duration of mechanical ventilation, were also not different. Rates of patent ductus arteriosus, intraventricular hemorrhage (≥grade III), periventricular leukomalacia, high stage retinopathy of prematurity, necrotizing enterocolitis (≥stage II), and mortality were also similar, as was duration of hospital stay. Cases of pulmonary hemorrhage and moderate to severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia were increased in Group 3.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Calfactant is equally as effective as surfactant-TA and poractant alfa. This was the first study comparing the efficacy of surfactant-TA, calfactant, and poractant alfa in a large number of preterm infants in Korea. Further randomized prospective studies on these surfactants are needed.
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea. iamgawon@hanmail.net.
authors: Ga Won
authors: GW
authors: Jeon
authors: Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Trial Center, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea.
authors: Minkyung
authors: M
authors: Oh
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
authors: Jong Beom
authors: JB
authors: Sin
mesh_terms: D001688:Biological Products / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001724:Birth Weight; D001997:Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D008297:Male; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D012127:Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012306:Risk; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015300:Ventilator Weaning
chemical_list: D001688:Biological Products; D010743:Phospholipids; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants; C068291:poractant alfa; C117342:calfactant; C072197:beractant
keywords: Pulmonary surfactants; beractant; calfactant; poractant alfa; respiratory distress syndrome