title: Cognitive function in survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest after target temperature management at 33°C versus 36°C.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Target temperature management is recommended as a neuroprotective strategy after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Potential effects of different target temperatures on cognitive impairment commonly described in survivors have not been investigated sufficiently. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate whether a target temperature of 33°C compared with 36°C was favorable for cognitive function; the secondary aim was to describe cognitive impairment in cardiac arrest survivors in general.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Study sites included 652 cardiac arrest survivors originally randomized and stratified for site to temperature control at 33°C or 36°C within the Target Temperature Management trial. Survival until 180 days after the arrest was 52% (33°C, n=178/328; 36°C, n=164/324). Survivors were invited to a face-to-face follow-up, and 287 cardiac arrest survivors (33°C, n=148/36°C, n=139) were assessed with tests for memory (Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test), executive functions (Frontal Assessment Battery), and attention/mental speed (Symbol Digit Modalities Test). A control group of 119 matched patients hospitalized for acute ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction without cardiac arrest performed the same assessments. Half of the cardiac arrest survivors had cognitive impairment, which was mostly mild. Cognitive outcome did not differ (P>0.30) between the 2 temperature groups (33°C/36°C). Compared with control subjects with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction, attention/mental speed was more affected among cardiac arrest patients, but results for memory and executive functioning were similar.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cognitive function was comparable in survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest when a temperature of 33°C and 36°C was targeted. Cognitive impairment detected in cardiac arrest survivors was also common in matched control subjects with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction not having had a cardiac arrest.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01946932.
authors: From Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (G.L., T.C.), Department of Intensive and Perioperative Care (H.F., M.R.), and Research and Development Centre, Unit for Medical Statistics and Epidemiology (F.N.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (G.L., N.N., H.F., M.R., T.C.); Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden (N.N.); Department of Intensive Care, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H., M.K., A.v.d.V.); Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre (J.K., J.B.-J., C. Hassager), Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research (J.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, The Heart Centre (M.W.), Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medical Service, Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital, Pordenone, Italy (T.P., A.M.); Adult Critical Care, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK (M.P.W., N.P., H.W.); Department of Intensive Care, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands (F.B.); Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Martino IST, University of Genoa, Italy (I.B., A.I.); Academic Unit of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Imperial College, London, UK (A.F.B.); Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Section of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (C. Hofgren); Department of Intensive Care, Medical Center Leeuwarden, The Netherlands (M.K.); and Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (C.R.). gisela.lilja@med.lu.se.
authors: Gisela
authors: G
authors: Lilja
authors: From Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (G.L., T.C.), Department of Intensive and Perioperative Care (H.F., M.R.), and Research and Development Centre, Unit for Medical Statistics and Epidemiology (F.N.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (G.L., N.N., H.F., M.R., T.C.); Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden (N.N.); Department of Intensive Care, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H., M.K., A.v.d.V.); Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre (J.K., J.B.-J., C. Hassager), Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research (J.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, The Heart Centre (M.W.), Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medical Service, Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital, Pordenone, Italy (T.P., A.M.); Adult Critical Care, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK (M.P.W., N.P., H.W.); Department of Intensive Care, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands (F.B.); Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Martino IST, University of Genoa, Italy (I.B., A.I.); Academic Unit of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Imperial College, London, UK (A.F.B.); Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Section of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (C. Hofgren); Department of Intensive Care, Medical Center Leeuwarden, The Netherlands (M.K.); and Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (C.R.).
authors: Niklas
authors: N
authors: Nielsen
authors: From Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (G.L., T.C.), Department of Intensive and Perioperative Care (H.F., M.R.), and Research and Development Centre, Unit for Medical Statistics and Epidemiology (F.N.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (G.L., N.N., H.F., M.R., T.C.); Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden (N.N.); Department of Intensive Care, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H., M.K., A.v.d.V.); Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre (J.K., J.B.-J., C. Hassager), Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research (J.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, The Heart Centre (M.W.), Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medical Service, Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital, Pordenone, Italy (T.P., A.M.); Adult Critical Care, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK (M.P.W., N.P., H.W.); Department of Intensive Care, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands (F.B.); Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Martino IST, University of Genoa, Italy (I.B., A.I.); Academic Unit of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Imperial College, London, UK (A.F.B.); Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Section of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (C. Hofgren); Department of Intensive Care, Medical Center Leeuwarden, The Netherlands (M.K.); and Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (C.R.).
authors: Hans
authors: H
authors: Friberg
authors: From Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (G.L., T.C.), Department of Intensive and Perioperative Care (H.F., M.R.), and Research and Development Centre, Unit for Medical Statistics and Epidemiology (F.N.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (G.L., N.N., H.F., M.R., T.C.); Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden (N.N.); Department of Intensive Care, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H., M.K., A.v.d.V.); Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre (J.K., J.B.-J., C. Hassager), Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research (J.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, The Heart Centre (M.W.), Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medical Service, Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital, Pordenone, Italy (T.P., A.M.); Adult Critical Care, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK (M.P.W., N.P., H.W.); Department of Intensive Care, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands (F.B.); Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Martino IST, University of Genoa, Italy (I.B., A.I.); Academic Unit of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Imperial College, London, UK (A.F.B.); Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Section of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (C. Hofgren); Department of Intensive Care, Medical Center Leeuwarden, The Netherlands (M.K.); and Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (C.R.).
authors: Janneke
authors: J
authors: Horn
authors: From Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (G.L., T.C.), Department of Intensive and Perioperative Care (H.F., M.R.), and Research and Development Centre, Unit for Medical Statistics and Epidemiology (F.N.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (G.L., N.N., H.F., M.R., T.C.); Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden (N.N.); Department of Intensive Care, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H., M.K., A.v.d.V.); Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre (J.K., J.B.-J., C. Hassager), Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research (J.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, The Heart Centre (M.W.), Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medical Service, Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital, Pordenone, Italy (T.P., A.M.); Adult Critical Care, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK (M.P.W., N.P., H.W.); Department of Intensive Care, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands (F.B.); Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Martino IST, University of Genoa, Italy (I.B., A.I.); Academic Unit of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Imperial College, London, UK (A.F.B.); Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Section of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (C. Hofgren); Department of Intensive Care, Medical Center Leeuwarden, The Netherlands (M.K.); and Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (C.R.).
authors: Jesper
authors: J
authors: Kjaergaard
authors: From Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (G.L., T.C.), Department of Intensive and Perioperative Care (H.F., M.R.), and Research and Development Centre, Unit for Medical Statistics and Epidemiology (F.N.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (G.L., N.N., H.F., M.R., T.C.); Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden (N.N.); Department of Intensive Care, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H., M.K., A.v.d.V.); Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre (J.K., J.B.-J., C. Hassager), Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research (J.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, The Heart Centre (M.W.), Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medical Service, Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital, Pordenone, Italy (T.P., A.M.); Adult Critical Care, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK (M.P.W., N.P., H.W.); Department of Intensive Care, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands (F.B.); Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Martino IST, University of Genoa, Italy (I.B., A.I.); Academic Unit of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Imperial College, London, UK (A.F.B.); Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Section of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (C. Hofgren); Department of Intensive Care, Medical Center Leeuwarden, The Netherlands (M.K.); and Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (C.R.).
authors: Fredrik
authors: F
authors: Nilsson
authors: From Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (G.L., T.C.), Department of Intensive and Perioperative Care (H.F., M.R.), and Research and Development Centre, Unit for Medical Statistics and Epidemiology (F.N.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (G.L., N.N., H.F., M.R., T.C.); Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden (N.N.); Department of Intensive Care, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H., M.K., A.v.d.V.); Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre (J.K., J.B.-J., C. Hassager), Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research (J.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, The Heart Centre (M.W.), Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medical Service, Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital, Pordenone, Italy (T.P., A.M.); Adult Critical Care, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK (M.P.W., N.P., H.W.); Department of Intensive Care, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands (F.B.); Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Martino IST, University of Genoa, Italy (I.B., A.I.); Academic Unit of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Imperial College, London, UK (A.F.B.); Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Section of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (C. Hofgren); Department of Intensive Care, Medical Center Leeuwarden, The Netherlands (M.K.); and Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (C.R.).
authors: Tommaso
authors: T
authors: Pellis
authors: From Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (G.L., T.C.), Department of Intensive and Perioperative Care (H.F., M.R.), and Research and Development Centre, Unit for Medical Statistics and Epidemiology (F.N.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (G.L., N.N., H.F., M.R., T.C.); Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden (N.N.); Department of Intensive Care, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H., M.K., A.v.d.V.); Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre (J.K., J.B.-J., C. Hassager), Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research (J.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, The Heart Centre (M.W.), Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medical Service, Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital, Pordenone, Italy (T.P., A.M.); Adult Critical Care, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK (M.P.W., N.P., H.W.); Department of Intensive Care, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands (F.B.); Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Martino IST, University of Genoa, Italy (I.B., A.I.); Academic Unit of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Imperial College, London, UK (A.F.B.); Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Section of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (C. Hofgren); Department of Intensive Care, Medical Center Leeuwarden, The Netherlands (M.K.); and Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (C.R.).
authors: Jørn
authors: J
authors: Wetterslev
authors: From Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (G.L., T.C.), Department of Intensive and Perioperative Care (H.F., M.R.), and Research and Development Centre, Unit for Medical Statistics and Epidemiology (F.N.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (G.L., N.N., H.F., M.R., T.C.); Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden (N.N.); Department of Intensive Care, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H., M.K., A.v.d.V.); Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre (J.K., J.B.-J., C. Hassager), Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research (J.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, The Heart Centre (M.W.), Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medical Service, Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital, Pordenone, Italy (T.P., A.M.); Adult Critical Care, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK (M.P.W., N.P., H.W.); Department of Intensive Care, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands (F.B.); Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Martino IST, University of Genoa, Italy (I.B., A.I.); Academic Unit of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Imperial College, London, UK (A.F.B.); Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Section of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (C. Hofgren); Department of Intensive Care, Medical Center Leeuwarden, The Netherlands (M.K.); and Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (C.R.).
authors: Matt P
authors: MP
authors: Wise
authors: From Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (G.L., T.C.), Department of Intensive and Perioperative Care (H.F., M.R.), and Research and Development Centre, Unit for Medical Statistics and Epidemiology (F.N.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (G.L., N.N., H.F., M.R., T.C.); Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden (N.N.); Department of Intensive Care, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H., M.K., A.v.d.V.); Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre (J.K., J.B.-J., C. Hassager), Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research (J.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, The Heart Centre (M.W.), Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medical Service, Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital, Pordenone, Italy (T.P., A.M.); Adult Critical Care, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK (M.P.W., N.P., H.W.); Department of Intensive Care, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands (F.B.); Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Martino IST, University of Genoa, Italy (I.B., A.I.); Academic Unit of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Imperial College, London, UK (A.F.B.); Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Section of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (C. Hofgren); Department of Intensive Care, Medical Center Leeuwarden, The Netherlands (M.K.); and Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (C.R.).
authors: Frank
authors: F
authors: Bosch
authors: From Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (G.L., T.C.), Department of Intensive and Perioperative Care (H.F., M.R.), and Research and Development Centre, Unit for Medical Statistics and Epidemiology (F.N.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (G.L., N.N., H.F., M.R., T.C.); Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden (N.N.); Department of Intensive Care, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H., M.K., A.v.d.V.); Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre (J.K., J.B.-J., C. Hassager), Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research (J.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, The Heart Centre (M.W.), Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medical Service, Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital, Pordenone, Italy (T.P., A.M.); Adult Critical Care, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK (M.P.W., N.P., H.W.); Department of Intensive Care, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands (F.B.); Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Martino IST, University of Genoa, Italy (I.B., A.I.); Academic Unit of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Imperial College, London, UK (A.F.B.); Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Section of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (C. Hofgren); Department of Intensive Care, Medical Center Leeuwarden, The Netherlands (M.K.); and Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (C.R.).
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Bro-Jeppesen
authors: From Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (G.L., T.C.), Department of Intensive and Perioperative Care (H.F., M.R.), and Research and Development Centre, Unit for Medical Statistics and Epidemiology (F.N.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (G.L., N.N., H.F., M.R., T.C.); Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden (N.N.); Department of Intensive Care, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H., M.K., A.v.d.V.); Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre (J.K., J.B.-J., C. Hassager), Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research (J.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, The Heart Centre (M.W.), Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medical Service, Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital, Pordenone, Italy (T.P., A.M.); Adult Critical Care, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK (M.P.W., N.P., H.W.); Department of Intensive Care, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands (F.B.); Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Martino IST, University of Genoa, Italy (I.B., A.I.); Academic Unit of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Imperial College, London, UK (A.F.B.); Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Section of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (C. Hofgren); Department of Intensive Care, Medical Center Leeuwarden, The Netherlands (M.K.); and Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (C.R.).
authors: Iole
authors: I
authors: Brunetti
authors: From Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (G.L., T.C.), Department of Intensive and Perioperative Care (H.F., M.R.), and Research and Development Centre, Unit for Medical Statistics and Epidemiology (F.N.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (G.L., N.N., H.F., M.R., T.C.); Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden (N.N.); Department of Intensive Care, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H., M.K., A.v.d.V.); Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre (J.K., J.B.-J., C. Hassager), Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research (J.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, The Heart Centre (M.W.), Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medical Service, Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital, Pordenone, Italy (T.P., A.M.); Adult Critical Care, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK (M.P.W., N.P., H.W.); Department of Intensive Care, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands (F.B.); Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Martino IST, University of Genoa, Italy (I.B., A.I.); Academic Unit of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Imperial College, London, UK (A.F.B.); Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Section of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (C. Hofgren); Department of Intensive Care, Medical Center Leeuwarden, The Netherlands (M.K.); and Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (C.R.).
authors: Azul Forti
authors: AF
authors: Buratti
authors: From Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (G.L., T.C.), Department of Intensive and Perioperative Care (H.F., M.R.), and Research and Development Centre, Unit for Medical Statistics and Epidemiology (F.N.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (G.L., N.N., H.F., M.R., T.C.); Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden (N.N.); Department of Intensive Care, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H., M.K., A.v.d.V.); Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre (J.K., J.B.-J., C. Hassager), Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research (J.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, The Heart Centre (M.W.), Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medical Service, Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital, Pordenone, Italy (T.P., A.M.); Adult Critical Care, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK (M.P.W., N.P., H.W.); Department of Intensive Care, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands (F.B.); Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Martino IST, University of Genoa, Italy (I.B., A.I.); Academic Unit of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Imperial College, London, UK (A.F.B.); Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Section of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (C. Hofgren); Department of Intensive Care, Medical Center Leeuwarden, The Netherlands (M.K.); and Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (C.R.).
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Hassager
authors: From Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (G.L., T.C.), Department of Intensive and Perioperative Care (H.F., M.R.), and Research and Development Centre, Unit for Medical Statistics and Epidemiology (F.N.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (G.L., N.N., H.F., M.R., T.C.); Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden (N.N.); Department of Intensive Care, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H., M.K., A.v.d.V.); Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre (J.K., J.B.-J., C. Hassager), Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research (J.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, The Heart Centre (M.W.), Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medical Service, Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital, Pordenone, Italy (T.P., A.M.); Adult Critical Care, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK (M.P.W., N.P., H.W.); Department of Intensive Care, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands (F.B.); Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Martino IST, University of Genoa, Italy (I.B., A.I.); Academic Unit of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Imperial College, London, UK (A.F.B.); Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Section of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (C. Hofgren); Department of Intensive Care, Medical Center Leeuwarden, The Netherlands (M.K.); and Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (C.R.).
authors: Caisa
authors: C
authors: Hofgren
authors: From Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (G.L., T.C.), Department of Intensive and Perioperative Care (H.F., M.R.), and Research and Development Centre, Unit for Medical Statistics and Epidemiology (F.N.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (G.L., N.N., H.F., M.R., T.C.); Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden (N.N.); Department of Intensive Care, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H., M.K., A.v.d.V.); Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre (J.K., J.B.-J., C. Hassager), Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research (J.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, The Heart Centre (M.W.), Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medical Service, Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital, Pordenone, Italy (T.P., A.M.); Adult Critical Care, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK (M.P.W., N.P., H.W.); Department of Intensive Care, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands (F.B.); Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Martino IST, University of Genoa, Italy (I.B., A.I.); Academic Unit of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Imperial College, London, UK (A.F.B.); Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Section of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (C. Hofgren); Department of Intensive Care, Medical Center Leeuwarden, The Netherlands (M.K.); and Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (C.R.).
authors: Angelo
authors: A
authors: Insorsi
authors: From Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (G.L., T.C.), Department of Intensive and Perioperative Care (H.F., M.R.), and Research and Development Centre, Unit for Medical Statistics and Epidemiology (F.N.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (G.L., N.N., H.F., M.R., T.C.); Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden (N.N.); Department of Intensive Care, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H., M.K., A.v.d.V.); Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre (J.K., J.B.-J., C. Hassager), Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research (J.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, The Heart Centre (M.W.), Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medical Service, Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital, Pordenone, Italy (T.P., A.M.); Adult Critical Care, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK (M.P.W., N.P., H.W.); Department of Intensive Care, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands (F.B.); Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Martino IST, University of Genoa, Italy (I.B., A.I.); Academic Unit of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Imperial College, London, UK (A.F.B.); Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Section of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (C. Hofgren); Department of Intensive Care, Medical Center Leeuwarden, The Netherlands (M.K.); and Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (C.R.).
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Kuiper
authors: From Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (G.L., T.C.), Department of Intensive and Perioperative Care (H.F., M.R.), and Research and Development Centre, Unit for Medical Statistics and Epidemiology (F.N.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (G.L., N.N., H.F., M.R., T.C.); Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden (N.N.); Department of Intensive Care, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H., M.K., A.v.d.V.); Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre (J.K., J.B.-J., C. Hassager), Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research (J.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, The Heart Centre (M.W.), Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medical Service, Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital, Pordenone, Italy (T.P., A.M.); Adult Critical Care, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK (M.P.W., N.P., H.W.); Department of Intensive Care, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands (F.B.); Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Martino IST, University of Genoa, Italy (I.B., A.I.); Academic Unit of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Imperial College, London, UK (A.F.B.); Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Section of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (C. Hofgren); Department of Intensive Care, Medical Center Leeuwarden, The Netherlands (M.K.); and Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (C.R.).
authors: Alice
authors: A
authors: Martini
authors: From Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (G.L., T.C.), Department of Intensive and Perioperative Care (H.F., M.R.), and Research and Development Centre, Unit for Medical Statistics and Epidemiology (F.N.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (G.L., N.N., H.F., M.R., T.C.); Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden (N.N.); Department of Intensive Care, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H., M.K., A.v.d.V.); Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre (J.K., J.B.-J., C. Hassager), Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research (J.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, The Heart Centre (M.W.), Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medical Service, Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital, Pordenone, Italy (T.P., A.M.); Adult Critical Care, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK (M.P.W., N.P., H.W.); Department of Intensive Care, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands (F.B.); Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Martino IST, University of Genoa, Italy (I.B., A.I.); Academic Unit of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Imperial College, London, UK (A.F.B.); Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Section of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (C. Hofgren); Department of Intensive Care, Medical Center Leeuwarden, The Netherlands (M.K.); and Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (C.R.).
authors: Nicki
authors: N
authors: Palmer
authors: From Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (G.L., T.C.), Department of Intensive and Perioperative Care (H.F., M.R.), and Research and Development Centre, Unit for Medical Statistics and Epidemiology (F.N.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (G.L., N.N., H.F., M.R., T.C.); Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden (N.N.); Department of Intensive Care, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H., M.K., A.v.d.V.); Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre (J.K., J.B.-J., C. Hassager), Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research (J.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, The Heart Centre (M.W.), Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medical Service, Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital, Pordenone, Italy (T.P., A.M.); Adult Critical Care, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK (M.P.W., N.P., H.W.); Department of Intensive Care, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands (F.B.); Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Martino IST, University of Genoa, Italy (I.B., A.I.); Academic Unit of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Imperial College, London, UK (A.F.B.); Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Section of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (C. Hofgren); Department of Intensive Care, Medical Center Leeuwarden, The Netherlands (M.K.); and Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (C.R.).
authors: Malin
authors: M
authors: Rundgren
authors: From Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (G.L., T.C.), Department of Intensive and Perioperative Care (H.F., M.R.), and Research and Development Centre, Unit for Medical Statistics and Epidemiology (F.N.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (G.L., N.N., H.F., M.R., T.C.); Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden (N.N.); Department of Intensive Care, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H., M.K., A.v.d.V.); Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre (J.K., J.B.-J., C. Hassager), Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research (J.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, The Heart Centre (M.W.), Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medical Service, Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital, Pordenone, Italy (T.P., A.M.); Adult Critical Care, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK (M.P.W., N.P., H.W.); Department of Intensive Care, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands (F.B.); Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Martino IST, University of Genoa, Italy (I.B., A.I.); Academic Unit of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Imperial College, London, UK (A.F.B.); Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Section of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (C. Hofgren); Department of Intensive Care, Medical Center Leeuwarden, The Netherlands (M.K.); and Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (C.R.).
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Rylander
authors: From Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (G.L., T.C.), Department of Intensive and Perioperative Care (H.F., M.R.), and Research and Development Centre, Unit for Medical Statistics and Epidemiology (F.N.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (G.L., N.N., H.F., M.R., T.C.); Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden (N.N.); Department of Intensive Care, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H., M.K., A.v.d.V.); Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre (J.K., J.B.-J., C. Hassager), Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research (J.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, The Heart Centre (M.W.), Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medical Service, Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital, Pordenone, Italy (T.P., A.M.); Adult Critical Care, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK (M.P.W., N.P., H.W.); Department of Intensive Care, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands (F.B.); Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Martino IST, University of Genoa, Italy (I.B., A.I.); Academic Unit of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Imperial College, London, UK (A.F.B.); Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Section of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (C. Hofgren); Department of Intensive Care, Medical Center Leeuwarden, The Netherlands (M.K.); and Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (C.R.).
authors: Annelou
authors: A
authors: van der Veen
authors: From Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (G.L., T.C.), Department of Intensive and Perioperative Care (H.F., M.R.), and Research and Development Centre, Unit for Medical Statistics and Epidemiology (F.N.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (G.L., N.N., H.F., M.R., T.C.); Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden (N.N.); Department of Intensive Care, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H., M.K., A.v.d.V.); Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre (J.K., J.B.-J., C. Hassager), Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research (J.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, The Heart Centre (M.W.), Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medical Service, Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital, Pordenone, Italy (T.P., A.M.); Adult Critical Care, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK (M.P.W., N.P., H.W.); Department of Intensive Care, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands (F.B.); Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Martino IST, University of Genoa, Italy (I.B., A.I.); Academic Unit of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Imperial College, London, UK (A.F.B.); Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Section of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (C. Hofgren); Department of Intensive Care, Medical Center Leeuwarden, The Netherlands (M.K.); and Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (C.R.).
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Wanscher
authors: From Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (G.L., T.C.), Department of Intensive and Perioperative Care (H.F., M.R.), and Research and Development Centre, Unit for Medical Statistics and Epidemiology (F.N.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (G.L., N.N., H.F., M.R., T.C.); Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden (N.N.); Department of Intensive Care, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H., M.K., A.v.d.V.); Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre (J.K., J.B.-J., C. Hassager), Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research (J.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, The Heart Centre (M.W.), Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medical Service, Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital, Pordenone, Italy (T.P., A.M.); Adult Critical Care, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK (M.P.W., N.P., H.W.); Department of Intensive Care, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands (F.B.); Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Martino IST, University of Genoa, Italy (I.B., A.I.); Academic Unit of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Imperial College, London, UK (A.F.B.); Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Section of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (C. Hofgren); Department of Intensive Care, Medical Center Leeuwarden, The Netherlands (M.K.); and Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (C.R.).
authors: Helen
authors: H
authors: Watkins
authors: From Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (G.L., T.C.), Department of Intensive and Perioperative Care (H.F., M.R.), and Research and Development Centre, Unit for Medical Statistics and Epidemiology (F.N.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (G.L., N.N., H.F., M.R., T.C.); Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden (N.N.); Department of Intensive Care, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H., M.K., A.v.d.V.); Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre (J.K., J.B.-J., C. Hassager), Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research (J.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, The Heart Centre (M.W.), Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medical Service, Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital, Pordenone, Italy (T.P., A.M.); Adult Critical Care, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK (M.P.W., N.P., H.W.); Department of Intensive Care, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands (F.B.); Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Martino IST, University of Genoa, Italy (I.B., A.I.); Academic Unit of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Imperial College, London, UK (A.F.B.); Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Section of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (C. Hofgren); Department of Intensive Care, Medical Center Leeuwarden, The Netherlands (M.K.); and Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (C.R.).
authors: Tobias
authors: T
authors: Cronberg
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000502:physiology*; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007036:Hypothermia, Induced / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D058687:Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D063868:Patient Outcome Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: brain; cardiovascular diseases; follow-up studies; heart arrest; myocardial infarction; resuscitation; tests