title: Advances in surfaces and osseointegration in implantology. Biomimetic surfaces.
abstract: The present work is a revision of the processes occurring in osseointegration of titanium dental implants according to different types of surfaces -namely, polished surfaces, rough surfaces obtained from subtraction methods, as well as the new hydroxyapatite biomimetic surfaces obtained from thermochemical processes. Hydroxyapatite's high plasma-projection temperatures have proven to prevent the formation of crystalline apatite on the titanium dental implant, but lead to the formation of amorphous calcium phosphate (i.e., with no crystal structure) instead. This layer produce some osseointegration yet the calcium phosphate layer will eventually dissolve and leave a gap between the bone and the dental implant, thus leading to osseointegration failure due to bacterial colonization. A new surface -recently obtained by thermochemical processes- produces, by crystallization, a layer of apatite with the same mineral content as human bone that is chemically bonded to the titanium surface. Osseointegration speed was tested by means of minipigs, showing bone formation after 3 to 4 weeks, with the security that a dental implant can be loaded. This surface can be an excellent candidate for immediate or early loading procedures.
authors: C/ Avicena s/n, 41009 Sevilla, Spain, jvrios@us.es.
authors: Matteo
authors: M
authors: Albertini
authors: Marc
authors: M
authors: Fernandez-Yague
authors: Pedro
authors: P
authors: Lázaro
authors: Mariano
authors: M
authors: Herrero-Climent
authors: Jose-Vicente
authors: JV
authors: Rios-Santos
authors: Pedro
authors: P
authors: Bullon
authors: Francisco-Javier
authors: FJ
authors: Gil
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D040761:Biomimetic Materials; D001777:Blood Coagulation; D015921:Dental Implants; D006801:Humans; D016348:Osseointegration; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants