title: Immunotherapy in all aspects.
abstract: Allergen immunotherapy is a form of long-term treatment that decreases symptoms for many people with allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, conjunctivitis (eye allergy) or stinging insect allergy. In this review, we presented the important topics in immunotherapy. The important aspects of immunotherapy are considered to be "Immunologıcal responses to immunotherapy"; "The principal types of immunotherapy"; "Effectiveness"; "Indications"; "Contraindications"; "Allergen immunotherapy in children"; "Safety"; and "Anaphylactic reactions after immunotherapy". The principal types of immunotherapy are subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) and sublingual immunotherapy. Both of them can be used in indicated cases. When using SCIT, physicians must be more careful because of reported rare fatal cases. The risks and benefits of continuing allergen immunotherapy in patients who have experienced severe systemic reactions should be carefully considered.
authors: Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital, ENT Clinics, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Deniz
authors: D
authors: Hanci
authors: Bayındır Göztepe Hospital, ENT Clinics, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Ethem
authors: E
authors: Şahin
authors: ENT Department, Medical Faculty, Kırıkkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey. nbayarmuluk@yahoo.com.|, Birlik Mahallesi, Zirvekent 2. Etap Sitesi, C-3 blok, No: 62/43, 06610, Çankaya, Ankara, Turkey. nbayarmuluk@yahoo.com.
authors: Nuray Bayar
authors: NB
authors: Muluk
authors: ENT Department, Medical Faculty, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey.
authors: Cemal
authors: C
authors: Cingi
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000707:Anaphylaxis / Q000276:immunology; D001249:Asthma / Q000628:therapy; D000075202:Contraindications; D003888:Desensitization, Immunologic / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D018579:Patient Selection; D065631:Rhinitis, Allergic / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D063729:Sublingual Immunotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods
keywords: Effectiveness; Immunotherapy; Safety; Subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT); Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT)