title: Therapeutic outcomes of neoadjuvant and concurrent androgen-deprivation therapy and intensity-modulated radiation therapy with gold marker implantation for intermediate-risk and high-risk prostate cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the therapeutic outcomes of neoadjuvant and concurrent androgen-deprivation therapy and intensity-modulated radiation therapy with gold marker implantation for intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a retrospective study of 325 patients with intermediate- or high-risk prostate cancer according to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines who underwent androgen-deprivation therapy and intensity-modulated radiation therapy (76 Gy) after gold marker implantation between 2001 and 2010.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 5-year distant metastasis-free survival rate was significantly lower for very high-risk patients than for intermediate- and high-risk patients (82.6% vs 99.4% and 96.5%, respectively; P  <  0.01). The 5-year biochemical relapse-free survival rates significantly declined with increasing prostate cancer risk (P  <  0.01), and were 95.9%, 87.2%, and 73.1% for the intermediate-risk, high-risk and very high-risk patients, respectively. Acute genitourinary and gastrointestinal toxicity grade ≥3 were not observed in any of the patients. Late grade 3 genitourinary toxicity occurred in 0.3% of patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combination androgen-deprivation therapy and 76-Gy intensity-modulated radiation therapy with gold marker implantation offers good therapeutic outcomes with few serious complications in patients with intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer.
authors: Prostate Center and Division of Urology, Chiba Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan.
authors: Masayuki
authors: M
authors: Kobayashi
authors: Kazuo
authors: K
authors: Hatano
authors: Satoshi
authors: S
authors: Fukasawa
authors: Atsushi
authors: A
authors: Komaru
authors: Takeshi
authors: T
authors: Namekawa
authors: Toshiyuki
authors: T
authors: Imagumbai
authors: Hitoshi
authors: H
authors: Araki
authors: Ryusuke
authors: R
authors: Hara
authors: Tomohiko
authors: T
authors: Ichikawa
authors: Takeshi
authors: T
authors: Ueda
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000726:Androgen Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D057918:Fiducial Markers; D006046:Gold; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy*; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D050397:Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000726:Androgen Antagonists; D006046:Gold; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen
keywords: androgen-deprivation therapy; fiducial markers; intensity-modulated radiation therapy; neoadjuvant treatment; prostatic cancer