title: In vivo evaluation of the genetic toxicity of Rubus niveus Thunb. (Rosaceae) extract and initial screening of its potential chemoprevention against doxorubicin-induced DNA damage.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Rubus niveus Thunb. plant belongs to Rosaceae family and have been used traditionally to treat wounds, burns, inflammation, dysentery, diarrhea and for curing excessive bleeding during menstrual cycle. The present study was undertaken to investigate the in vivo genotoxicity of Rubus niveus aerial parts extract and its possible chemoprotection on doxorubicin (DXR)-induced DNA damage. In parallel, the main phytochemicals constituents in the extract were determined.
  
  
  METHODS
  The animals were exposed to the extract for 24 and 48 h, and the doses selected were 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg b.w. administered by gavage alone or prior to DXR (30 mg/kg b.w.) administered by intraperitoneal injection. The endpoints analyzed were DNA damage in bone marrow and peripheral blood cells assessed by the alkaline alkaline (pH>13) comet assay and bone marrow micronucleus test.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of chemical analysis of the extract showed the presence of tormentic acid, stigmasterol, quercitinglucoronide (miquelianin) and niga-ichigoside F1 as main compounds. Both cytogenetic endpoints analyzed showed that there were no statistically significant differences (p>0.05) between the negative control and the treated groups with the two higher doses of Rubus niveus extract alone, demonstrating absence of genotoxic and mutagenic effects. Aneugenic/clastogenic effect was observed only at 2000 mg/kg dose. On the other hand, in the both assays and all tested doses were observed a significant reduction of DNA damage and chromosomal aberrations in all groups co-treated with DXR and extract compared to those which received only DXR. These results indicate that Rubus niveus aerial parts extract did not revealed any genotoxic effect, but presented some aneugenic/clastogenic effect at higher dose; and suggest that it could be a potential adjuvant against development of second malignant neoplasms caused by the cancer chemotherapic DXR.
authors: Universidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP, Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências, Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Marília 17525-900, SP, Brazil.
authors: Flora
authors: F
authors: Tolentino
authors: Universidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP, Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências, Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Marília 17525-900, SP, Brazil.
authors: Priscila Alves de
authors: PA
authors: Araújo
authors: Universidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP, Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências, Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Marília 17525-900, SP, Brazil.
authors: Eduardo de Souza
authors: Ede S
authors: Marques
authors: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Itajaí, SC, Brazil.
authors: Marcel
authors: M
authors: Petreanu
authors: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Itajaí, SC, Brazil.
authors: Sérgio Faloni de
authors: SF
authors: Andrade
authors: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Itajaí, SC, Brazil.
authors: Rivaldo
authors: R
authors: Niero
authors: Universidade Federal de São Paulo-UNIFESP, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Ciências Exatas e da Terra, Diadema, SP, Brazil.
authors: Fábio F
authors: FF
authors: Perazzo
authors: Universidade Estadual de Campinas-UNICAMP, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors: Paulo César Pires
authors: PC
authors: Rosa
authors: Universidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP, Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências, Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Marília 17525-900, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: edson.maistro@marilia.unesp.br.
authors: Edson Luis
authors: EL
authors: Maistro
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000009:adverse effects; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000187:drug effects*; D020552:Comet Assay; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000009:adverse effects; D005960:Glucosides / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000009:adverse effects; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011794:Quercetin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D065856:Rubus; D012503:Saponins / Q000032:analysis; D013265:Stigmasterol / Q000032:analysis; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D005960:Glucosides; D009153:Mutagens; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012503:Saponins; D014315:Triterpenes; C007695:euscaphic acid; D004317:Doxorubicin; C090725:niga-ichigoside F1; D013265:Stigmasterol; D011794:Quercetin; C110309:quercetin 3-O-glucopyranoside
keywords: Antigenotoxic effects; Comet assay; Genotoxic assessment; Micronucleus test; Rosaceae; Rubus niveus