title: REM Sleep Behavioral Events and Dreaming.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To clarify whether motor behaviors and/ or vocalizations during REM sleep, which do not yet fulfill diagnostic criteria for REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) and were defined as REM sleep behavioral events (RBEs), correspond to dream enactments.
  
  
  METHODS
  13 subjects (10 patients with Parkinson disease [PD] and 3 healthy controls) originally identified with RBE in a prospective study (DeNoPa cohort) were reinvestigated 2 years later with 2 nights of video-supported polysomnography (vPSG). The first night was used for sleep parameter analysis. During the 2nd night, subjects were awakened and questioned for dream recall and dream content when purposeful motor behaviors and/or vocalizations became evident during REM sleep. REM sleep without atonia (RWA) was analyzed on chin EMG and the cutoff set at 18.2% as specific for RBD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the time of this investigation 9 of 13 subjects with previous RBE were identified with RBD based upon clinical and EMG criteria. All recalled vivid dreams, and 7 subjects were able to describe dream content in detail. Four of 13 subjects with RBE showed RWA values below cutoff values for RBD. Three of these 4 subjects recalled having non-threatening dreams, and 2 (of these 3) were able to describe these dreams in detail.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RBE with RWA below the RBD defining criteria correlate to dreaming in this selected cohort. There is evidence that RBEs are a precursor to RBD.
authors: Paracelsus Elena Klinik Kassel, Germany.|Department of Neurosciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
authors: Maria-Lucia
authors: ML
authors: Muntean
authors: Paracelsus Elena Klinik Kassel, Germany.|Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany.
authors: Claudia
authors: C
authors: Trenkwalder
authors: Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN.
authors: Arthur S
authors: AS
authors: Walters
authors: Paracelsus Elena Klinik Kassel, Germany.|Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany.
authors: Brit
authors: B
authors: Mollenhauer
authors: Paracelsus Elena Klinik Kassel, Germany.|Department of Neurology, University of Marburg, Germany.
authors: Friederike
authors: F
authors: Sixel-Döring
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D004325:Dreams; D004576:Electromyography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D017286:Polysomnography; D011446:Prospective Studies; D020187:REM Sleep Behavior Disorder / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012895:Sleep, REM / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Parkinson disease; REM behavioral events (RBE); REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD); REM sleep without atonia (RWA); dream recall