title: Converted marine coral hydroxyapatite implants with growth factors: in vivo bone regeneration.
abstract: Herein we report rabbit model in vivo bone regeneration of hydrothermally converted coralline hydroxyapatite (HCCHAp) scaffolds without (group I) and with growth factors namely insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) (group II) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) (group III). All HCCHAp scaffolds have been characterized for phase purity and morphology before implantation. Calcined marine coral was hydrothermally converted using a mineralizer/catalyst to phase pure HAp retaining original pore structure and geometry. After sintering at 1250°C, the HCCHAp found to have ~87% crystallinity, 70-75% porosity and 2±0.5MPa compressive strength. In vitro growth factor release study at day 28 revealed 77 and 98% release for IGF-1 and BMP-2, respectively. The IGF-1 release was more sustained than BMP-2. In vivo bone healing of different groups was compared using chronological radiology, histological evaluations, scanning electron microscopy and fluorochrome labeling up to 90days of implantation. In vivo studies showed substantial reduction in radiolucent zone and decreased radiodensity of implants in group II followed by group III and group I. These observations clearly suggest in-growth of osseous tissue, initiation of bone healing and complete union between implants and natural bone in group II implants. A statistical score sheet based on histological observations showed an excellent osseous tissue formation in group II and group III scaffolds and moderate bone regeneration in group I scaffolds.
authors: Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, India. Electronic address: samitnandi1967@gmail.com.
authors: Samit K
authors: SK
authors: Nandi
authors: Bioceramics and Coating Division, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, Kolkata, India. Electronic address: biswa_kundu@rediffmail.com.
authors: Biswanath
authors: B
authors: Kundu
authors: Institute of Animal Health and Veterinary Biologicals, Kolkata, India.
authors: Jayanta
authors: J
authors: Mukherjee
authors: Bioceramics and Coating Division, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, Kolkata, India.
authors: Arnab
authors: A
authors: Mahato
authors: Bioceramics and Coating Division, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, Kolkata, India.
authors: Someswar
authors: S
authors: Datta
authors: Bioceramics and Coating Division, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, Kolkata, India.
authors: Vamsi Krishna
authors: VK
authors: Balla
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D037421:Anthozoa / Q000737:chemistry*; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000737:chemistry; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D019245:Compressive Strength / Q000187:drug effects; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000737:chemistry; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D016062:Porosity; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D011817:Rabbits; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D017886:Durapatite
keywords: BMP-2; Coral derived hydroxyapatite; Growth factors; Histopathology; IGF-1; In vivo study