title: Primary T cell central nervous system lymphoblastic lymphoma in a child: case report and literature review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) of T cell origin is rare in pediatric patients. We report a case of T cell PCNSL in a 12-year-old boy and review the literature to highlight the importance of brain biopsy to definitively establish the diagnosis when PCNSL is suspected.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 12-year-old boy presented with worsening left-sided weakness, nausea, vomiting, headache, blurred vision, and diplopia. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed right parietal gyral thickening with faint meningeal contrast enhancement. No clear diagnosis was identified after serum testing, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, and cerebral angiography. To establish the diagnosis definitively, a right craniotomy and open, frameless stereotactic biopsy were performed, which yielded the diagnosis of lymphoblastic T cell lymphoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PCNSL of T cell origin in children remains poorly studied, with only 18 detailed cases reported over the last three decades, including this case. Establishing a definitive diagnosis of PCNSL is challenging, and a brain biopsy is often required to obtain enough tissue for pathological analysis. Increasing awareness and identification of children diagnosed with T cell PCNSL is needed to better understand the molecular biology of this disease and develop more standardized treatment regimens.
authors: Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Primary Children's Hospital, University of Utah, 100 North Mario Capecchi Drive, Suite 1475, Salt Lake City, UT, 84113-1100, USA.
authors: Marcus D
authors: MD
authors: Mazur
authors: Vijay M
authors: VM
authors: Ravindra
authors: Mouied
authors: M
authors: Alashari
authors: Elizabeth
authors: E
authors: Raetz
authors: Matthew M
authors: MM
authors: Poppe
authors: Robert J
authors: RJ
authors: Bollo
mesh_terms: D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D016543:Central Nervous System Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D016399:Lymphoma, T-Cell / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D017252:CD3 Complex