title: Evidence of increased anthropogenic emissions of platinum: time-series analysis of mussels (1991-2011) of an urban beach.
abstract: The anthropogenic emissions of Pt to the environment have increased significantly over the past decades, especially after the introduction of the catalytic converters in motor vehicles. In order to check whether this is affecting the levels of this trace metal on living organisms, time-series analysis of freeze-dried soft tissue material of wild mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) covering the period from 1991 to 2001 and collected at an urban beach in the city of Vigo (NW Iberian Peninsula) was conducted. Concentrations ranged from 0.30 to 0.68 ng g(-1) with an average concentration of 0.47 ± 0.10 ng g(-1) (n=21); these concentrations were higher than those obtained for samples collected at a control location away from anthropogenic pressure (0.31 ± 0.10 ng g(-1); n=5). Platinum concentrations followed a statistically significant temporal trend (at the 0.020 level), and the excess of Pt in mussels over the 1991-2011 period compared to the control location were correlated with the European Pt autocatalyst demand (p=0.0006) and, especially, the car sales in Spain (p=0.0001). A bioaccumulation factor of ~5·10(3) was derived, which is greater than those previously calculated for Pt from exposure experiments, but 1-2 orders of magnitude lower than other trace elements (e.g. Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd).
authors: Grupo de Bioxeoquímica Mariña, Instituto de Investigacións Mariñas (IIM-CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Galicia, Spain.
authors: Patricia
authors: P
authors: Neira
authors: Grupo de Bioxeoquímica Mariña, Instituto de Investigacións Mariñas (IIM-CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Galicia, Spain. Electronic address: acobelo@iim.csic.es.
authors: Antonio
authors: A
authors: Cobelo-García
authors: Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Subida a Radio Faro 50, 36390 Vigo, Galicia, Spain.
authors: Victoria
authors: V
authors: Besada
authors: Grupo de Bioxeoquímica Mariña, Instituto de Investigacións Mariñas (IIM-CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Galicia, Spain.
authors: Juan
authors: J
authors: Santos-Echeandía
authors: Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Subida a Radio Faro 50, 36390 Vigo, Galicia, Spain.
authors: Juan
authors: J
authors: Bellas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049872:Bivalvia / Q000378:metabolism*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D010984:Platinum / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D013030:Spain; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D019216:Metals, Heavy; D014131:Trace Elements; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D010984:Platinum
keywords: Bioaccumulation; Field study; Mytilus galloprovincialis; Urban contamination