title: Isokinetic dynamometry of the knee extensors and flexors in Iranian healthy males and females.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This paper explores the gender-related bilateral differences of extensor and flexor torques of the knee joint at low and high angular velocities in Iranian healthy males and females.
  
  
  METHODS
  70 healthy subjects (29 males (26.61±4.34 yrs and 41 females with average age of 23.07±3.70 yrs)) were participated in this study. Isokinetic peak torque values for knee extensors and flexors in concentric and eccentric contraction modes were measured and flexors and extensors strength ratios (HQR) computed among both dominant and non-dominant legs in lying position at 60 and 180°.s-1angular velocities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was significant gender-velocity interactions detected for knee flexor to extensor strength ratios presenting that increasing velocity escaled this, ratios in females more than males (p<0.05). There was no gender- velocity-leg side interaction (p>0.05). Bilateral differences were found for eccentric flexor peak torques (p<0.05). By increasing velocity, peak torque values decreased and HQR was increased (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Measurement procedures including test position is an important factor when interpreting genderrelated and bilateral differences of isokinetic knee strength ratios in healthy individuals.
authors: 1. PhD student, School of Rehabilitation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. mandana.rezae@gmail.com.
authors: Mandana
authors: M
authors: Rezaei
authors: 2. Full Professor, School of Rehabilitation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, & Rehabilitation Research Center, Biomechanics Lab, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ebrahimi.pt@gmail.com.
authors: Ismael
authors: I
authors: Ebrahimi
authors: 3. Assistant Professor, School of Rehabilitation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, & Rehabilitation Research Center, Biomechanics Lab, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. vasaghi.b@iums.ac.ir.
authors: Behnoush
authors: B
authors: Vassaghi-Gharamaleki
authors: 4. Msc, Islamic Azad University of Tehran Central branch, Tehran, Iran, Rehabilitation Research Center, Biomechanics Lab, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. milad.pirali5@gmail.com.
authors: Milad
authors: M
authors: Pirali
authors: 5. Msc, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. niyusha_m@yahoo.com.
authors: Niyousha
authors: N
authors: Mortaza
authors: 6. PhD student, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. kazemmalmir@gmail.com.
authors: Kazem
authors: K
authors: Malmir
authors: 7. PhD student, School of Rehabilitation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. koohestan_3000@yahoo.com.
authors: Kobra
authors: K
authors: Ghasemi
authors: 8. Assistant Professor, School of Rehabilitation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, & Rehabilitation Research Center, Biomechanics Lab, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. aliajamshidi@yahoo.com.
authors: Ali
authors: A
authors: A Jamshidi
keywords: Gender; Isokinetic dynamometry; Knee; Strength ratio