title: A morphological and morphometric study of proximal and distal ends of dry radii with its clinical implications.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Knowledge of the size and shape of radial head is essential for construction of radial head prosthesis. Further, the measurements of bicipital tuberosity and its angular relationship to radial head are significant in surgical techniques, like in the reconstruction of biceps tendon. Even the morphometry of the distal radius is significant in numerous clinical orthopedic situations such as reduction of distal radius fractures and in the design of distal radius prosthesis. So, the aim of the study was to determine the morphometric parameters of proximal and distal radius in dry adult Indian radius.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty intact adult Indian radius (right = 23, left = 27) were chosen, and the various parameters of proximal and distal ends of radius were studied. Student's t-test was done to correlate all these parameters on the right and left sides.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean length of radius, height of head at medial and lateral ends, head anteroposterior and transverse diameter, head thickness at ventral, dorsal, and lateral ends were 23.5, 0.90, 0.75, 1.91, 1.85, 0.42, 0.32, and 0.30 cm, respectively. The mean depth of articular facet, length of neck, proximal and distal neck diameter, width and length of bicipital tuberosity, and radial circumference at bicipital tuberosity were 0.19, 1.19, 1.36, 1.31, 1.23, 1.97, and 4.54 cm, respectively. The mean length of styloid process, oblique and transverse width of lower end, anteroposterior diameter of lower end, and angle of radial inclination were 0.98cm, 2. 81cm, 2.59cm, 1.86cm, and 25.05°, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study will be useful for orthopedic surgeons in making prosthesis for the proximal and distal ends of radius.
authors: Department of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, India.
authors: Chandni
authors: C
authors: Gupta
authors: Sneha Guruprasad
authors: SG
authors: Kalthur
authors: J C
authors: JC
authors: Malsawmzuali
authors: Antony Sylvan
authors: AS
authors: D'souza
mesh_terms: D001847:Bone Diseases / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D004551:Elbow Joint / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D009985:Orthopedics; D011884:Radius / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000473:pathology*; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods; D013710:Tendons / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000473:pathology*