title: The Program and Treatment Effect of Summer Jobs on Girls' Post-Schooling Incomes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Public programs offering summer jobs to smooth the transition from school to work is commonplace. However, the empirical support for summer jobs is limited. This article exploits the availability of registered individual information and random allocation to summer jobs to provide empirical evidence on this issue.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To identify the effect of summer job programs on the post-schooling incomes of the intended participants. Also to identify the effect of sophomore girls' high school work experience on their post-schooling incomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this article, 1,447 sophomore girls from 1997 to 2003 are followed 5-12 years after graduation. They all applied to Falun municipality's (Sweden) summer job program, and about 25% of them were randomly allotted a job. The random allocation to a summer job is used to identify the causal effect of sophomore girls' high school income on their post-schooling incomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  All the 1,447 sophomore girls who applied to Falun municipality's summer job program during 1997-2003.
  
  
  METHODS
  Annual post-schooling income is used as an outcome measure. The work experience of girls in high school is also measured in terms of total income while in high school.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The program led to a substantially larger accumulation of income during high school as well as 19% higher post-schooling incomes. The high school income led to a post-schooling income elasticity of 0.37 which is, however, potentially heterogeneous with regard to academic ability.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both the program effect and the causal effect of high school income on post-schooling incomes were substantial and statistically significant.
authors: School of Technology and Business Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden maa@du.se.
authors: Moudud
authors: M
authors: Alam
authors: School of Technology and Business Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden.
authors: Kenneth
authors: K
authors: Carling
authors: School of Technology and Business Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden.
authors: Ola
authors: O
authors: Nääs
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D004651:Employment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011897:Random Allocation; D012621:Seasons; D012931:Social Environment; D013548:Sweden
keywords: experimental data; selection bias; work experience; work while in school