title: Differential magnetic resonance neurofeedback modulations across extrinsic (visual) and intrinsic (default-mode) nodes of the human cortex.
abstract: Previous advances in magnetic resonance imaging allow the analysis of blood oxygen level-dependent signals in real time, thus opening the possibility of feeding an index of these signals back to scanned human participants. However, it is still not known to what extent different cortical networks may differ in their sensitivity to such internally generated neurofeedback (NF). Here, we compare NF efficacy across six cortical regions including: early and high-order visual areas and the posterior parietal lobe, a prominent node of the default mode network (DMN). Our results reveal a consistent difference in NF activation across these areas. Sham controls ruled out a role of attention/arousal in these effects. These differences are suggestive of a relationship to the relative reliance on intrinsic information, moving from early visual cortex (lowest) to the DMN (highest). Interestingly, the visual parahippocampal place area showed NF activation closer to the DMN node. The results are compatible with the notion of the DMN as an intrinsically oriented system.
authors: Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel and.
authors: Tal
authors: T
authors: Harmelech
authors: School of Communications, The Interdisciplinary Center, Herzliya 46150, Israel.
authors: Doron
authors: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2584-044X
authors: D
authors: Friedman
authors: Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel and rafi.malach@weizmann.ac.il.
authors: Rafael
authors: R
authors: Malach
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D011939:Mental Recall / Q000502:physiology; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000502:physiology*; D058765:Neurofeedback / Q000502:physiology*; D020534:Parahippocampal Gyrus / Q000502:physiology; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D014793:Visual Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology
keywords: default mode network; imagery; neurofeedback; real-time fMRI; self-activation; visual hierarchy