title: An Examination of Rostral Anterior Cingulate Cortex Function and Neurochemistry in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.
abstract: The anterior cingulate cortex is implicated in the neurobiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, few studies have examined functional and neurochemical abnormalities specifically in the rostral subdivision of the ACC (rACC) in OCD patients. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during an emotional counting Stroop task and single-voxel J-resolved proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) in the rACC to examine the function and neurochemistry of the rACC in individuals with OCD and comparison individuals without OCD. Between-group differences in rACC activation and glutamine/glutamate ratio (Gln/Glu), Glu, and Gln levels, as well as associations between rACC activation, Gln/Glu, Glu, Gln, behavioral, and clinical measures were examined using linear regression. In a sample of 30 participants with OCD and 29 age- and sex-matched participants without OCD, participants with OCD displayed significantly reduced rACC deactivation compared with those without OCD in response to OCD-specific words versus neutral words on the emotional counting Stroop task. However, Gln/Glu, Glu, and Gln in the rACC did not differ between groups nor was there an association between reduced rACC deactivation and Gln/Glu, Glu, or Gln in the OCD group. Taken together, these findings strengthen the evidence for rACC dysfunction in OCD, but weigh against an underlying association with abnormal rACC glutamatergic neurotransmission.
authors: 1] Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA [2] Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders Institute, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA [3] Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors: Brian P
authors: BP
authors: Brennan
authors: Social, Cognitive, and Affective Neuroscience Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA.
authors: Olga
authors: O
authors: Tkachenko
authors: Social, Cognitive, and Affective Neuroscience Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA.
authors: Zachary J
authors: ZJ
authors: Schwab
authors: Psychotic Disorders Division, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA.
authors: Richard J
authors: RJ
authors: Juelich
authors: Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA.
authors: Erin M
authors: EM
authors: Ryan
authors: Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA.
authors: Alison J
authors: AJ
authors: Athey
authors: 1] Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA [2] Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors: Harrison G
authors: HG
authors: Pope
authors: 1] Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders Institute, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA [2] Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors: Michael A
authors: MA
authors: Jenike
authors: 1] Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA [2] Psychotic Disorders Division, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA.
authors: Justin T
authors: JT
authors: Baker
authors: 1] Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA [2] Social, Cognitive, and Affective Neuroscience Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA [3] Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA.
authors: William D S
authors: WD
authors: Killgore
authors: 1] Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA [2] Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors: James I
authors: JI
authors: Hudson
authors: 1] Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA [2] McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA.
authors: J Eric
authors: JE
authors: Jensen
authors: 1] Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA [2] Social, Cognitive, and Affective Neuroscience Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA.
authors: Scott L
authors: SL
authors: Rauch
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D005973:Glutamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D006179:Gyrus Cinguli / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000473:pathology*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D011522:Protons; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D011522:Protons; D005973:Glutamine; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D010100:Oxygen