title: Similarities in coronary function and myocardial deformation between psoriasis and coronary artery disease: the role of oxidative stress and inflammation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Psoriasis has been associated with increased risk for coronary artery disease (CAD). We investigated the presence of vascular and subclinical left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in patients with psoriasis compared with patients with CAD.
  
  
  METHODS
  We compared 59 patients with psoriasis without evidence of CAD (psoriasis area and severity index [PASI], 11.5 ± 8) with 59 patients with angiographically documented CAD and 40 controls. We measured (1) the carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWVc) and central augmentation index (CAI), (2) coronary flow reserve (CFR) by Doppler echocardiography, (3) flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery and carotid intima media thickness (IMT), (4) LV global longitudinal strain (GLS) and GLS rate (GLSR) using speckle tracking echocardiography, and (5) malondialdehyde (MDA) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with psoriasis had higher PWVc, CAI, IMT, MDA, and IL-6 levels and lower FMD, CFR, GLS, and GLSR than did controls (P < 0.05), but they had values of these markers that were similar to those of patients with CAD (P > 0.05) after adjustment for atherosclerotic risk factors: (PWVc [m/s], 10.4 ± 1.8 vs 8.6 ± 1.5 vs 10.3 ± 2, respectively; CFR, 2.4 ± 0.1 vs 3.4 ± 0.6 vs 2.6 ± 0.6, respectively; GLS [%], -16.2 ± 4 vs -21.9 ± 1.6 vs -16.6 ± 4.5, respectively; GLSR [L/sec], -0.85 ± 0.2 vs -1.2 ± 0.12 vs -0.9 ± 0.4, respectively; MDA [nM/L], 1.68 vs 1.76 vs 1.01, respectively; IL-6 [pg/mL], 2.26 vs 2.2 vs 1.7, respectively; P < 0.05 for all comparisons). PASI was related to IMT (r = 0.67; P < 0.01). Decreased GLS was associated with increased MDA, IL-6, PWVc, CAI, and reduced CFR (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Psoriasis and CAD present similar vascular and LV myocardial dysfunction, possibly because of similar underlying inflammatory and oxidative stress processes. Vascular dysfunction in psoriasis is linked to abnormal LV myocardial deformation.
authors: Second Department of Cardiology, University of Athens Medical School, Attikon Hospital, Athens, Greece. Electronic address: ignoik@otenet.gr.
authors: Ignatios
authors: I
authors: Ikonomidis
authors: Second Department of Cardiology, University of Athens Medical School, Attikon Hospital, Athens, Greece.
authors: George
authors: G
authors: Makavos
authors: Second Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Athens Medical School, Attikon Hospital, Athens, Greece.
authors: Evangelia
authors: E
authors: Papadavid
authors: Second Department of Cardiology, University of Athens Medical School, Attikon Hospital, Athens, Greece.
authors: Maria
authors: M
authors: Varoudi
authors: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Athens School of Pharmacy, Athens, Greece.
authors: Ioanna
authors: I
authors: Andreadou
authors: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Athens School of Pharmacy, Athens, Greece.
authors: Kostas
authors: K
authors: Gravanis
authors: Second Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Athens Medical School, Attikon Hospital, Athens, Greece.
authors: Kostas
authors: K
authors: Theodoropoulos
authors: Second Department of Cardiology, University of Athens Medical School, Attikon Hospital, Athens, Greece.
authors: George
authors: G
authors: Pavlidis
authors: Second Department of Cardiology, University of Athens Medical School, Attikon Hospital, Athens, Greece.
authors: Helen
authors: H
authors: Triantafyllidi
authors: Second Department of Cardiology, University of Athens Medical School, Attikon Hospital, Athens, Greece.
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Parissis
authors: Second Department of Cardiology, University of Athens Medical School, Attikon Hospital, Athens, Greece.
authors: Ioannis
authors: I
authors: Paraskevaidis
authors: Second Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Athens Medical School, Attikon Hospital, Athens, Greece.
authors: Dimitrios
authors: D
authors: Rigopoulos
authors: Second Department of Cardiology, University of Athens Medical School, Attikon Hospital, Athens, Greece.
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Lekakis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000792:Angiography; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000503:physiopathology; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D003326:Coronary Circulation; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011565:Psoriasis / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D063177:Pulse Wave Analysis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014664:Vasodilation; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008315:Malondialdehyde