title: The role of foxi family transcription factors in the development of the ear and jaw.
abstract: The mammalian outer, middle, and inner ears have different embryonic origins and evolved at different times in the vertebrate lineage. The outer ear is derived from first and second branchial arch ectoderm and mesoderm, the middle ear ossicles are derived from neural crest mesenchymal cells that invade the first and second branchial arches, whereas the inner ear and its associated vestibule-acoustic (VIIIth) ganglion are derived from the otic placode. In this chapter, we discuss recent findings in the development of these structures and describe the contributions of members of a Forkhead transcription factor family, the Foxi family to their formation. Foxi transcription factors are critical for formation of the otic placode, survival of the branchial arch neural crest, and developmental remodeling of the branchial arch ectoderm.
authors: Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors: Renée K
authors: RK
authors: Edlund
authors: Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors: Onur
authors: O
authors: Birol
authors: Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA. Electronic address: akgroves@bcm.edu.
authors: Andrew K
authors: AK
authors: Groves
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005075:Biological Evolution; D001934:Branchial Region / Q000196:embryology*; D004423:Ear / Q000196:embryology*; D004475:Ectoderm / Q000196:embryology*; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D007568:Jaw / Q000196:embryology*; D008322:Mammals / Q000196:embryology* / Q000235:genetics; D009024:Morphogenesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D009432:Neural Crest / Q000196:embryology*
chemical_list: D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors
keywords: Branchial arches; Craniofacial; Forkhead; Neural crest; Pharyngeal arches; Placode; Sensory organ; Transcription factors