title: Chloroform fraction of Euphorbia maculata has antiplatelet activity via suppressing thromboxane B2 formation.
abstract: Euphorbia maculata (EM) is a traditionally used antidiarrheal, antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant agent. However, the effects of EM on platelet activity remain to be elucidated. Therefore, the present study investigated the antiplatelet effect of various EM extract fractions on platelet aggregation in rats. The antiplatelet activity of the EM fractions on collagen or adenosine diphosphate (ADP)‑induced platelet aggregation was evaluated in vitro and ex vivo. Thromboxane B2 (TXB2) formation, rat‑tail bleeding time and coagulation time were also measured. Among the fractions, the chloroform fraction of EM (CFEM) significantly inhibited ADP‑induced platelet aggregation in vitro. Furthermore, oral administration of 50 mg/kg CFEM to rats significantly reduced ADP‑induced platelet aggregation without increasing the tail bleeding time or coagulation time. In addition, EM significantly inhibited the level of TXB2 formation in a dose‑dependent manner. These results suggest that CFEM exhibits antiplatelet activity, without causing bleeding, via the suppression of TXB2 formation. CFEM may be a type of food which has the potential for preventing cardiovascular disease.
authors: Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang‑Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570‑749, Republic of Korea.
authors: Se-Uk
authors: SU
authors: Kwon
authors: Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang‑Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570‑749, Republic of Korea.
authors: Ji-Yoon
authors: JY
authors: Cha
authors: Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang‑Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570‑749, Republic of Korea.
authors: Hoon-Yeon
authors: HY
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang‑Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570‑749, Republic of Korea.
authors: Mingjie
authors: M
authors: Xin
authors: Department of Food Industry Convergence, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570‑749, Republic of Korea.
authors: Su-Jeong
authors: SJ
authors: Ji
authors: Department of Immunology and Institute of Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561‑180, Republic of Korea.
authors: Dae-Ki
authors: DK
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570‑749, Republic of Korea.
authors: Do-Sim
authors: DS
authors: Park
authors: International Ginseng and Herb Research Institute, Guemsan, Chungbuk 312‑804, Republic of Korea.
authors: Mi-Kyung
authors: MK
authors: Pyo
authors: Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang‑Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570‑749, Republic of Korea.
authors: Young-Mi
authors: YM
authors: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001760:Bleeding Time; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D028481:Euphorbia / Q000737:chemistry*; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D013929:Thromboxane B2 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D014914:Whole Blood Coagulation Time
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D013929:Thromboxane B2; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase