title: Attenuation of haemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and oral endotracheal intubation in coronary artery bypass surgery patients: intravenous morphine and lidocaine versus intravenous morphine and lidocaine spray.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sympathetic response associated with laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation is recognized as a potential cause for a number of complications especially in coronary bypass surgery patients. Various methods have been used to attenuate these hemodynamic responses, The aim of our study was to compare lidocaine spray in addition to intravenous morphine on attenuating the hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation with intravenous lidocaine and morphine in coronary artery bypass surgery patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty patients, scheduled for elective coronary bypass grafting surgery were included in this randomized controlled trial. The patients randomly divided in group-A (Intravenous Morphine 0.1mg/kg and Intravenous lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg) and group-B (Intravenous Morphine 0.1mg/kg and lidocaine spray 1.5 mg/kg).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Demographic data was comparable in both groups. There was no statistically significant difference between two groups in the duration of laryngoscopy and intubation. There was statistically insignificant attenuation in heart rate in both groups (p=0.134), the trends of attenuation of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure in group-A compared to group-B (p=0.933), (p=0.768) and (p=0.136) respectively were statistically insignificant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Under the present study design, lidocaine spray in addition to intravenous morphine had no better effect on attenuating the hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation as compared to intravenous lidocaine and morphine in coronary artery bypass surgery patients.
authors: Mujahid
authors: M
authors: Ul Islam
authors: Imtiaz
authors: I
authors: Ahmad
authors: Ali Azmat
authors: AA
authors: Shah
authors: Ansa
authors: A
authors: Islam
mesh_terms: D061605:Administration, Intravenous; D058956:Administration, Mucosal; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000009:adverse effects; D007828:Laryngoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009020:Morphine / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D009020:Morphine; D008012:Lidocaine