title: Safety of supervised trainee-performed laparoscopic surgery for inflammatory bowel disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There is a significant risk of surgical resection during the lifetime of an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patient: laparoscopic surgery has been increasingly applied to the management of IBD with short and long-term advantages. The aim of this study is to demonstrate that laparoscopic surgery for IBD, performed by a surgical trainee under the supervision of an experienced trainer, is feasible and safe.
  
  
  METHODS
  All surgical procedures were sub-divided in six critical steps in order to define the procedure as supervised trainee performed (STP) when the trainer was present unscrubbed in the theatre or assisting and trainer performed (TNER) when the trainer performed two or more critical steps of the procedure. Included were all patients undergoing laparoscopic resection for IBD between January 2009 and December 2013. Thirty-day mortality and morbidity were the primary outcomes. Reoperations and rehospitalizations within 30 days of discharge were recorded prospectively and were the secondary outcomes together with conversion rate and length of hospital stay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred fifty-one patients were included: 77 (50.99%) STP and 74 (49.01%) TNER. No deaths occurred, and 30-day morbidity was 27.15% with no differences between the groups. Operating time was longer in the STP (166.6 ± 53.31 vs 130.4 ± 49.15). Five patients (2 vs 3) required reoperation (3.31%), while 13 patients (8.6%) required readmission.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopic surgery for IBD performed by a supervised trainee is safe compared to trainers performed procedures despite a longer operating time. Randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm these preliminary results and to investigate long-term outcomes.
authors: Colorectal Unit, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, UK, valeriocelentano@yahoo.it.
authors: Valerio
authors: V
authors: Celentano
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Finch
authors: Luke
authors: L
authors: Forster
authors: Jonathan M
authors: JM
authors: Robinson
authors: John P
authors: JP
authors: Griffith
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical; D002983:Clinical Competence; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003107:Colorectal Surgery / Q000193:education* / Q000379:methods; D061887:Conversion to Open Surgery / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004493:Education; D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery*; D007396:Internship and Residency; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000193:education* / Q000379:methods; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D061646:Operative Time; D061214:Patient Safety; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome