title: In situ bioconjugation and ambient surface modification using reactive charged droplets.
abstract: Molecular ions are generated in induced electrospray ionization, and they can be transported to grounded ambient surfaces in the form of charged microdroplets. Efficient amide bonds formation between amines and carboxylic acids were observed inside charged droplets during transfer to the surface. Biomolecules derivatized using this method were self-assembled on a bare gold surface via Au-S bonds under the charged microdroplet environment. Cyclic voltammetric analysis of the self-assembled molecular film showed accelerated protein derivatization with cysteine, which allowed the covalent immobilization of the protein to the gold surface. Cytochrome C-functionalized electrodes prepared using the induced dual nanoelectrospray process showed bioactivity toward aqueous solutions of hydrogen peroxide below 50 μM. In effect, we have developed a method that allows derivatization of biomolecules and their immobilization at ambient surfaces in a single experimental step.
authors: †Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors: Qing
authors: Q
authors: He
authors: ‡Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States.
authors: Abraham K
authors: AK
authors: Badu-Tawiah
authors: †Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.|‡Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States.
authors: Suming
authors: S
authors: Chen
authors: †Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors: Caiqiao
authors: C
authors: Xiong
authors: †Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors: Huihui
authors: H
authors: Liu
authors: †Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors: Yueming
authors: Y
authors: Zhou
authors: †Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors: Jian
authors: J
authors: Hou
authors: †Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors: Ning
authors: N
authors: Zhang
authors: †Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors: Yafeng
authors: Y
authors: Li
authors: †Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors: Xiaobo
authors: X
authors: Xie
authors: †Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors: Jianing
authors: J
authors: Wang
authors: †Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors: Lanqun
authors: L
authors: Mao
authors: †Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors: Zongxiu
authors: Z
authors: Nie
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000737:chemistry; D004563:Electrochemistry; D004566:Electrodes; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D055767:Immobilized Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D013455:Sulfur / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D055767:Immobilized Proteins; D013455:Sulfur; D006046:Gold; D045304:Cytochromes c