title: To study the incidence, etiology and EEG profile of neonatal seizures: a prospective observational study from India.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the incidence, etiology and electroencephalography (EEG) profile of neonatal seizures and also to study the correlation between clinical picture and EEG appearance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective observational cohort study. Study duration: September 2011 to April 2013. Inclusion and exclusion: Seizures within first 28 d of life and seizures documented by doctors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Neonates admitted in intensive care unit: intramural (4412) and extramural (1900) admissions (all together 6312).
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and seventy-two neonates with seizures were enrolled. All the neonates were evaluated with necessary investigation, ultrasound head and CT scan. All the neonates underwent EEG as early as possible with neonatal stabilization. The etiology of neonatal seizures, CT scan and ultrasound head, characteristic of the EEG and neonatal mortality were noted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of neonatal seizure was 0.77% in the intramural and 7.3% among the extramural neonates. The incidence of seizures in term newborn was 0.7% and in preterm was 1.1%. The most common cause of neonatal seizure was hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) followed by hypocalcemia. The predominant seizure type was multifocal (51%) followed by subtle seizure (43%). There was an EEG abnormality in 72% of the total EEG with varied patterns. The mortality rate in the cohort was 15% with HIE being the most common cause.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most common cases of neonatal seizure were HIE and with the most common type being multifocal. EEG was abnormal in the majority of the neonates with various pattern of abnormality.
authors: a Bachpan Children Hospital , Surat , Gujrat , India .
authors: Padmani
authors: P
authors: Ghanshyambhai
authors: b Department of Neonatology , Fernandez Hospital , Hyderabad , India .
authors: Deepak
authors: D
authors: Sharma
authors: c Department of Neonatology , King Edward Memorial (KEM) Hospital and Seth G.S. Medical College , Mumbai , India , and.
authors: Ankur
authors: A
authors: Patel
authors: d ACPM Medical College , Dhule , Maharashtra , India.
authors: Sweta
authors: S
authors: Shastri
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004453:Echoencephalography; D004569:Electroencephalography; D006801:Humans; D006996:Hypocalcemia / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D020925:Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D015994:Incidence; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007363:Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; D047928:Premature Birth; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012640:Seizures / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D047929:Term Birth
keywords: Electroencephalography; etiology; incidence; mortality; neonatal seizures