title: [Hypercoagulable state in patients with multiple myeloma].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was to detect the plasma thrombomodulin (TM), D-dimer and fibrinogen in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and to analyze their relationship with morbid state, and also to investigate the relationship of the expression of coagulation factor with the ratio of myeloma cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  ELISA was used to detect the TM level in 45 cases of MM at different stages. The plasma level of D-dimer and fibrinogen was detected by STA automatic coagulation analyser.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The level of plasma TM in newly diagnosed patients was higer than that in normal control group and in platform stage group (P < 0.01; P < 0.05). There were significant differences between relapsed or refractory group and normal control group or those reached platform stage group (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the level of plasma TM in the group of thalidomide combined with chemotherapy was higer than that in newly diagnosed patients (P < 0.05). The level of plasma D-dimer and fibrinogen of MM patients was higher than that in normal controls (P < 0.01;P < 0.05). The expression of D-Dimer in relapsed or refractory group reached the maximum. Also, the level of plasma D-Dimer in group of thalidomide combined chemotherapy was higer than in newly diagnosed patients (P < 0.05). The expression of coagulation factor did not correlate with the ratio of myeloma cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Level of plasma TM, D-Dimer and fibrinogen of MM patients is higher than that in control group. The level of plasma TM and D-Dimer can be elevated when thalidomide used, which indirectly suggested the tendency for thrombosis in MM patients.
authors: Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Bingzhou Medical College, Bingzhou 256603, Shandong Province, China.
authors: Zeng-Yan
authors: ZY
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Thyroid and Mammary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Bingzhou Medical College, Bingzhou 256603, Shandong Province, China.
authors: Guo-Qiang
authors: GQ
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Bingzhou Medical College, Bingzhou 256603, Shandong Province, China.
authors: Wen-Zheng
authors: WZ
authors: Yu
authors: Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Bingzhou Medical College, Bingzhou 256603, Shandong Province, China.
authors: Xue-Xia
authors: XX
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Bingzhou Medical College, Bingzhou 256603, Shandong Province, China.
authors: Jian-Rong
authors: JR
authors: Sun
authors: Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Bingzhou Medical College, Bingzhou 256603, Shandong Province, China.
authors: Na
authors: N
authors: Gao
authors: Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China. E-mail: luhua1956@yahoo.com.cn.
authors: Hua
authors: H
authors: Lu
mesh_terms: D001780:Blood Coagulation Tests; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; D005340:Fibrinogen; D006801:Humans; D009101:Multiple Myeloma; D013792:Thalidomide; D018180:Thrombomodulin; D013927:Thrombosis
chemical_list: D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; D018180:Thrombomodulin; C036309:fibrin fragment D; D013792:Thalidomide; D005340:Fibrinogen