title: Cooccurrence of vascular risk factors and late-life white-matter integrity changes.
abstract: Hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes are increasingly prevalent with advancing age and have been shown to cause white-matter (WM) injury that may contribute to dementia risk. However, cumulative and over time effects of these medical illnesses have not been systematically examined. One hundred twenty-one cognitively normal old participants received comprehensive clinical evaluations and brain diffusion tensor imaging on 2 occasions. Clinical history and medical treatment of diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia were assessed at both evaluations. We examined whether exposure to a greater number of vascular risk factors (VRFs) was associated with greater rate of WM integrity change using longitudinal differences in fractional anisotropy (FA). Compared with individuals with no VRF, individuals with 1 VRF did not exhibit significantly different change in FA. However, those with ≥ 2 VRFs had greater decrease in FA within multiple WM regions including the splenium of the corpus callosum. The accumulation of VRF increasingly affected WM integrity, particularly in areas known to be injured in patients with mild cognitive impairment and dementia.
authors: Imaging of Dementia and Aging (IDeA) Laboratory, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA. Electronic address: pmaillard@ucdavis.edu.
authors: Pauline
authors: P
authors: Maillard
authors: Imaging of Dementia and Aging (IDeA) Laboratory, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
authors: Owen T
authors: OT
authors: Carmichael
authors: Imaging of Dementia and Aging (IDeA) Laboratory, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
authors: Bruce
authors: B
authors: Reed
authors: Imaging of Dementia and Aging (IDeA) Laboratory, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
authors: Dan
authors: D
authors: Mungas
authors: Imaging of Dementia and Aging (IDeA) Laboratory, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
authors: Charles
authors: C
authors: DeCarli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000473:pathology*; D016880:Anisotropy; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000473:pathology; D003337:Corpus Callosum / Q000473:pathology; D003704:Dementia / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000473:pathology*; D056324:Diffusion Tensor Imaging; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000473:pathology*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000473:pathology*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D066127:White Matter / Q000473:pathology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Aging; Diabetes; Diffusion tensor imaging; Hyperlipidemia; Hypertension; White matter