title: A novel device for measuring arterial stiffness using finger-toe pulse wave velocity: Validation study of the pOpmètre®.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The finger-toe pathway could be a good alternative for assessing arterial stiffness conveniently.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the accuracy of the pOpmètre®--a new device that measures finger-toe pulse wave velocity (ft-PWV).
  
  
  METHODS
  The pOpmètre has two photodiode sensors, positioned on the finger and the toe. Pulse waves are recorded continuously for 20 seconds, and the difference in pulse wave transit time between toe and finger (ft-TT) is calculated. The travelled distance is estimated using subject height. Study 1 compared ft-PWV with carotid-femoral PWV (cf-PWV) obtained by the reference method (SphygmoCor®) in 86 subjects (mean age 53±20 years), including 69 patients with various pathologies and 17 healthy normotensives. Study 2 compared changes in ft-PWV and cf-PWV during a cold pressor test in 10 healthy subjects. Study 3 assessed repeatability in 45 patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ft-PWV correlated significantly with cf-PWV (R2=0.43; P<0.0001). A better correlation was found in terms of transit time (R2=0.61; P<0.0001). The discrepancy between transit times was related to age. The cold pressor test induced parallel changes in cf-PWV and ft-PWV, with increased aortic stiffness that was reversible during recovery. Intra-session repeatability was very good, with a coefficient of variation of 4.52%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The pOpmètre® allows measurement of arterial stiffness in routine clinical practice. The greatest advantages of ft-PWV are simplicity, rapidity, feasibility, acceptability by patients and correct agreement with the reference technique. Further studies are needed to adjust for bias and to validate the pOpmètre in larger populations.
authors: Inserm U970, HEGP, AP-HP, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France.
authors: Maureen
authors: M
authors: Alivon
authors: Inserm U970, HEGP, AP-HP, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France.
authors: Thao
authors: T
authors: Vo-Duc Phuong
authors: Inserm U970, HEGP, AP-HP, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France.
authors: Virginie
authors: V
authors: Vignon
authors: CIC-Inserm, Hôpital Vandeouvre-lès-Nancy, Nancy, France.
authors: Erwan
authors: E
authors: Bozec
authors: Inserm U970, HEGP, AP-HP, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France.
authors: Hakim
authors: H
authors: Khettab
authors: Hôpital Broca, AP-HP, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France.
authors: Olivier
authors: O
authors: Hanon
authors: Inserm U970, HEGP, AP-HP, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France.
authors: Marie
authors: M
authors: Briet
authors: Nephrology Department, François-Rabelais University, Tours, France.
authors: Jean-Michel
authors: JM
authors: Halimi
authors: Gerontology Department, Nantes University, 1, place Alexis-Ricordeau, 44000 Nantes, France. Electronic address: magid.hallab@popmetre.com.
authors: Magid
authors: M
authors: Hallab
authors: Hôpital Broca, AP-HP, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France.
authors: Matthieu
authors: M
authors: Plichart
authors: Service d'Endocrinologie Diabétologie et Nutrition, Hôpital Bichat, AP-HP, Paris, France.
authors: Kamel
authors: K
authors: Mohammedi
authors: Service d'Endocrinologie Diabétologie et Nutrition, Hôpital Bichat, AP-HP, Paris, France.
authors: Michel
authors: M
authors: Marre
authors: Inserm U970, HEGP, AP-HP, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France.
authors: Pierre
authors: P
authors: Boutouyrie
authors: Inserm U970, HEGP, AP-HP, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France.
authors: Stéphane
authors: S
authors: Laurent
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology; D003080:Cold Temperature; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D005385:Fingers / Q000098:blood supply*; D005602:France; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D063177:Pulse Wave Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013997:Time Factors; D014034:Toes / Q000098:blood supply*; D059289:Vascular Stiffness; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Arterial stiffness; Finger-to-toe transit time; La rigidité artérielle; Pulse wave velocity; Temps de transit doigt-orteil; Vitesse de l’onde de pouls