title: Calcium signaling during reproduction and biotrophic fungal interactions in plants.
abstract: Many recent studies have indicated that cellular communications during plant reproduction, fungal invasion, and defense involve identical or similar molecular players and mechanisms. Indeed, pollen tube invasion and sperm release shares many common features with infection of plant tissue by fungi and oomycetes, as a tip-growing intruder needs to communicate with the receptive cells to gain access into a cell and tissue. Depending on the compatibility between cells, interactions may result in defense, invasion, growth support, or cell death. Plant cells stimulated by both pollen tubes and fungal hyphae secrete, for example, small cysteine-rich proteins and receptor-like kinases are activated leading to intracellular signaling events such as the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the generation of calcium (Ca(2+)) transients. The ubiquitous and versatile second messenger Ca(2+) thereafter plays a central and crucial role in modulating numerous downstream signaling processes. In stimulated cells, it elicits both fast and slow cellular responses depending on the shape, frequency, amplitude, and duration of the Ca(2+) transients. The various Ca(2+) signatures are transduced into cellular information via a battery of Ca(2+)-binding proteins. In this review, we focus on Ca(2+) signaling and discuss its occurrence during plant reproduction and interactions of plant cells with biotrophic filamentous microbes. The participation of Ca(2+) in ROS signaling pathways is also discussed.
authors: Cell Biology and Plant Biochemistry, Biochemie-Zentrum Regensburg, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany.
authors: Junyi
authors: J
authors: Chen
authors: Faculty of Biology Genetics, Biocenter Martinsried, University of Munich (LMU), Grosshaderner Strasse 2-4, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany.
authors: Caroline
authors: C
authors: Gutjahr
authors: Cell Biology and Plant Biochemistry, Biochemie-Zentrum Regensburg, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany.
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Bleckmann
authors: Cell Biology and Plant Biochemistry, Biochemie-Zentrum Regensburg, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany. Electronic address: thomas.dresselhaus@ur.de.
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Dresselhaus
mesh_terms: D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000502:physiology*; D005658:Fungi / Q000502:physiology*; D059828:Plant Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000502:physiology; D010944:Plants / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology*; D053205:Pollen Tube / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D012098:Reproduction / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D002118:Calcium
keywords: calcium; compatibility; fertilization; fungal hyphae; mycorrhiza; pollen tube