title: Effects of quercetin metabolites on the enhancing effect of β-carotene on DNA damage and cytochrome P1A1/2 expression in benzo[a]pyrene-exposed A549 cells.
abstract: A549 cells were pre-incubated with β-carotene (BC) alone or in combination with quercetin or three major quercetin metabolites in human plasma, quercetin 3-glucuronide (Q3G), quercetin 3'-sulphate (Q3'S) and isorhamnetin, followed by incubation with benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), to investigate the effects of these compounds on the BaP-induced harmful effects of BC. All the quercetin metabolites at 10μM inhibited BaP+BC-induced cell death. Q3'S, Q3G and isorhamnetin also significantly decreased BaP±BC-induced DNA damage by 64%, 60% and 24%, respectively. In a similar order, these compounds suppressed BaP+BC-induced cytochrome P450 (CYP)1A1/1A2 expression by 10-50%. Q3G and Q3'S significantly decreased the intracellular reactive oxygen species formation induced by BaP+BC; however, Q3G had the best effect on decreasing the loss of BC induced by Fe/NTA. The combined effects of quercetin metabolites were additive. This study indicates that quercetin metabolites decrease the BaP-induced harmful effect of β-carotene in A549 cells by downregulating the expression of CYP1A1/1A2, at least in part.
authors: Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
authors: Yan-Zin
authors: YZ
authors: Chang
authors: Department of Nutritional Science, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
authors: Hsiao-Chun
authors: HC
authors: Lin
authors: Department of Nutritional Science, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
authors: Shu-Ting
authors: ST
authors: Chan
authors: Department of Nutritional Science, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC. Electronic address: suzyyeh@csmu.edu.tw.
authors: Shu-Lan
authors: SL
authors: Yeh
mesh_terms: D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D019388:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004249:DNA Damage; D004347:Drug Interactions; D006801:Humans; D011794:Quercetin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D019207:beta Carotene; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene; D011794:Quercetin; C569463:CYP1A1 protein, human; C504573:CYP1A2 protein, human; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1; D019388:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2
keywords: Benzo[a]pyrene; Cytochrome P450; Isorhamnetin; Quercetin-3-glucuronide; Quercetin-3′-sulphate; β-Carotene