title: Confinement and low adhesion induce fast amoeboid migration of slow mesenchymal cells.
abstract: The mesenchymal-amoeboid transition (MAT) was proposed as a mechanism for cancer cells to adapt their migration mode to their environment. While the molecular pathways involved in this transition are well documented, the role of the microenvironment in the MAT is still poorly understood. Here, we investigated how confinement and adhesion affect this transition. We report that, in the absence of focal adhesions and under conditions of confinement, mesenchymal cells can spontaneously switch to a fast amoeboid migration phenotype. We identified two main types of fast migration--one involving a local protrusion and a second involving a myosin-II-dependent mechanical instability of the cell cortex that leads to a global cortical flow. Interestingly, transformed cells are more prone to adopt this fast migration mode. Finally, we propose a generic model that explains migration transitions and predicts a phase diagram of migration phenotypes based on three main control parameters: confinement, adhesion, and contractility.
authors: Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 144, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France.
authors: Yan-Jun
authors: YJ
authors: Liu
authors: Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 144, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France. Electronic address: mael.leberre@curie.fr.
authors: Maël
authors: M
authors: Le Berre
authors: Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 144, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France; Universität des Saarlandes, Campus E2 6, 3. OG, Zi. 3.17, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
authors: Franziska
authors: F
authors: Lautenschlaeger
authors: Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 144, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France.
authors: Paolo
authors: P
authors: Maiuri
authors: Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, CNRS/Université Paris Diderot, UMR 7057, 75204 Paris Cedex, France.
authors: Andrew
authors: A
authors: Callan-Jones
authors: Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 144, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France.
authors: Mélina
authors: M
authors: Heuzé
authors: Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, Clare Hall Laboratories, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, Hertfordshire EN6 3LD, UK.
authors: Tohru
authors: T
authors: Takaki
authors: Laboratoire Jean Perrin and Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée, CNRS/Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France.
authors: Raphaël
authors: R
authors: Voituriez
authors: Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 144, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France. Electronic address: matthieu.piel@curie.fr.
authors: Matthieu
authors: M
authors: Piel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology; D022001:Focal Adhesions; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000166:cytology*; D012867:Skin / Q000166:cytology