title: Gene expression of an arthrobacter in surfactant-enhanced biodegradation of a hydrophobic organic compound.
abstract: Surfactants can affect the biodegradation process and the fate of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) in the environment. Previous studies have shown that surfactants can enhance the biodegradation of HOCs by increasing cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) and membrane fluidity. In this study, we took this work one step further by investigating the expression levels of three genes of Arthrobacter sp. SA02 in the biodegradation of phenanthrene as a typical HOC at different concentrations of sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate (SDBS), which is a widely used surfactant. The Δ9 fatty acid desaturase gene codes for Δ9 fatty acid desaturase, which can convert saturated fatty acid to its unsaturated form. The ring-hydroxylating dioxygenase (RHDase) and the 1-hydroxyl-2-naphthoate dioxygenase (1H2Nase) genes code for the RHDase and 1H2Nase enzymes, respectively, which play a key role in decomposing doubly hydroxylated aromatic compounds. The results show that these three genes were upregulated in the presence of SDBS. On the basis of the genetic and physiological changes, we proposed a pathway that links the gene expression with the physiological phenomena, including CSH, membrane fluidity, and intracellular degradation. This study advances our understanding of the surfactant-enhanced biodegradation of HOCs at the gene level, and the proposed pathway should be further validated in the future.
authors: †Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.|‡Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process Control, Hangzhou 310058, China.|§Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China.
authors: Feng
authors: F
authors: Li
authors: †Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.|‡Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process Control, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors: Lizhong
authors: L
authors: Zhu
authors: †Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.|‡Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process Control, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors: Lingwen
authors: L
authors: Wang
authors: †Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.|‡Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process Control, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors: Yu
authors: Y
authors: Zhan
mesh_terms: D001173:Arthrobacter / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental / Q000187:drug effects; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions / Q000187:drug effects; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000378:metabolism*; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013682:Teichoic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D013682:Teichoic Acids; C009900:lipoteichoic acid