title: GOLPH3 overexpression is closely correlated with poor prognosis in human non-small cell lung cancer and mediates its metastasis through upregulating MMP-2 and MMP-9.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Golgi phosphoprotein 3 (GOLPH3) is a newly reported oncogene that plays a significant role in regulating cell growth. Recent research has shown that overexpression of GOLPH3 is correlated with patient survival and M classification in breast cancer and other cancers. However, the mechanisms by which GOLPH3 contributes to metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have not been previously clarified and are therefore the focus of this work.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blotting analysis were performed to assess the GOLPH3 protein level, small interfering RNA (siRNA) and transwell assays were conducted to investigate the role of GOLPH3 in migration and invasion, and real-time PCR was performed to estimate the level of GOLPH3 mRNA expression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  GOLPH3 was significantly correlated with clinicopathological variables, such as the clinical stage (P=0.012), T classification (P=0.002) and metastasis (M classification) (P=0.008), in NSCLC patients and was negatively correlated with the prognosis. Knockdown of GOLPH3 significantly suppressed the migratory and invasive ability of NSCLC cell lines and downregulated the enzyme activity and protein levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The expression level of GOLPH3 is correlated with metastasis and prognosis in NSCLC, and GOLPH3 mediates metastasis by regulating the protein levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in vitro.
authors: Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People' s Republic of China.
authors: Ran
authors: R
authors: Wang
authors: Zun-fu
authors: ZF
authors: Ke
authors: Fen
authors: F
authors: Wang
authors: Wen-Hui
authors: WH
authors: Zhang
authors: Yue-feng
authors: YF
authors: Wang
authors: Shu-hua
authors: SH
authors: Li
authors: Lian-tang
authors: LT
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C429024:GOLPH3 protein, human; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9