title: Nontuberculous mycobacteria infections in immunosuppressed hosts.
abstract: Diseases and therapies that reduce cell-mediated immunity increase the risk of nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) disease. Extrapulmonary NTM disease, including disseminated, skin, and catheter-related disease, is more common in immunosuppressed than immunocompetent patients. Mycobacterium avium complex remains the most common cause of NTM infection, but rapid growers including Mycobacterium abscessus, Mycobacterium chelonae, and Mycobacterium fortuitum play an important role in skin and catheter-related infections. With the exception of antibiotic prophylaxis for AIDS patients, the prevention of NTM remains difficult. Management is complicated, involving restoration of immune function and removal of catheters in addition to treatment with species-specific antibiotics per current guidelines.
authors: HIV, STD, and TB Section, Public Health Division, Oregon Health Authority, 800 NE Oregon Street, Suite 1105, Portland, OR 97232, USA. Electronic address: emhenkle@gmail.com.
authors: Emily
authors: E
authors: Henkle
authors: Division of Infectious Diseases, Oregon Health and Science University, 3375 Southwest Terwilliger Boulevard, Mailstop CEI, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, 3375 Southwest Terwilliger Boulevard, Mailstop CEI, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
authors: Kevin L
authors: KL
authors: Winthrop
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D009165:Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D009170:Nontuberculous Mycobacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000472:pathogenicity
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents
keywords: Extrapulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteria; Immunosuppressive therapy; Mycobacterium avium; Transplant