title: Self-care management questionnaire for long-term indwelling urinary catheter users.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Self-management is believed to be an important behavioral capacity in people with chronic illness, and self-efficacy is an important component contributing to self-management. Two new and related measures for urinary catheter self-efficacy (C-SE) and self-management (C-SMG) were developed based on existing tools and tested for psychometrics for use in a randomized clinical trial (RCT) teaching urinary catheter self-management.
  
  
  METHODS
  The instruments were evaluated at baseline (intake face to face interview) with 202 persons and with 158 of the same individuals 6 months later by telephone interviews. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted in an iterative process related to items' theoretical and statistical appropriateness. To assess construct validity and goodness of fit for model testing, confirmatory factor analysis was conducted with the samples at intake and 6 months. Also, bivariate analyses were conducted of the measures in relation to each other.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both scales were modified reducing the items to 13 in each, with four factors in C-SE and three factors in C-SMG. Reliability testing (Cronbach's alpha) was viewed as satisfactory for both scales, though some of the subscale (factors) reliabilities were lower in the self-management measure. Confirmatory factor analysis was adequate. Correlation of the two instruments (r = 0.25, P < 001) suggests that they are related scales.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With a change in the C-SMG scale from 3- to 5-level responses and subsequent testing, both new scales are appropriate for use separately or together as a questionnaire related to catheter self-care management in intervention research with long-term indwelling urinary catheter users. Neurourol. Urodynam. 35:492-496, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors: School of Nursing, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York.
authors: Mary H
authors: MH
authors: Wilde
authors: School of Nursing, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York.
authors: James M
authors: JM
authors: McMahon
authors: Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York.
authors: Wan
authors: W
authors: Tang
authors: Visiting Nurse Service of New York, Center for Home Care Policy and Research, New York, New York.
authors: Margaret V
authors: MV
authors: McDonald
authors: School of Nursing, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York.
authors: Judith
authors: J
authors: Brasch
authors: School of Nursing, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York.
authors: Eileen
authors: E
authors: Fairbanks
authors: Visiting Nurse Service of New York, Center for Home Care Policy and Research, New York, New York.
authors: Shivani
authors: S
authors: Shah
mesh_terms: D002408:Catheters, Indwelling; D006801:Humans; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012648:Self Care; D020377:Self Efficacy; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D062885:Urinary Catheters
keywords: instrument; measurement; self-management; self-monitoring; urinary catheterization