title: Body mass index and heart failure among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Epidemiological data on the association between body mass index (BMI) and heart failure (HF) risk among diabetic patients are rare.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We performed a prospective cohort study of risk for HF among 31 155 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (11 468 men and 19 687 women). Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the association of different levels of BMI with HF risk. During a mean follow-up of 7.8 years, 5834 subjects developed HF (2379 men and 3455 women). The multivariable-adjusted (age, race, smoking, income, and type of insurance) hazard ratios of HF associated with BMI levels (18.5-22.9, 23-24.9, 25-29.9 [reference group], 30-34.9, 35-39.9, and ≥40 kg/m(2)) at baseline were 0.95, 1.00, 1.00, 1.16, 1.64, and 2.02 (Ptrend<0.001) for men and 1.16, 1.16, 1.00, 1.23, 1.55, and 2.01 (Pnonlinear<0.001) for women, respectively. When we used an updated mean value of BMI, the association of HF risk with BMI did not change. When stratified by age, race, smoking status, and use of antidiabetic drugs, the positive associations among men and the J-shaped associations among women were still present.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study suggests a positive association between BMI and HF risk among men and a J-shaped association between BMI and HF risk among women with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
authors: From the Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA (W.L., P.T.K., R.H., Y.Z., Y.W., G.H.); Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, China (W.L.); and LSU Health Baton Rouge, LA (J.J.).
authors: Weiqin
authors: W
authors: Li
authors: From the Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA (W.L., P.T.K., R.H., Y.Z., Y.W., G.H.); Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, China (W.L.); and LSU Health Baton Rouge, LA (J.J.).
authors: Peter T
authors: PT
authors: Katzmarzyk
authors: From the Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA (W.L., P.T.K., R.H., Y.Z., Y.W., G.H.); Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, China (W.L.); and LSU Health Baton Rouge, LA (J.J.).
authors: Ronald
authors: R
authors: Horswell
authors: From the Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA (W.L., P.T.K., R.H., Y.Z., Y.W., G.H.); Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, China (W.L.); and LSU Health Baton Rouge, LA (J.J.).
authors: Yonggang
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: From the Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA (W.L., P.T.K., R.H., Y.Z., Y.W., G.H.); Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, China (W.L.); and LSU Health Baton Rouge, LA (J.J.).
authors: Yujie
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: From the Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA (W.L., P.T.K., R.H., Y.Z., Y.W., G.H.); Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, China (W.L.); and LSU Health Baton Rouge, LA (J.J.).
authors: Jolene
authors: J
authors: Johnson
authors: From the Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA (W.L., P.T.K., R.H., Y.Z., Y.W., G.H.); Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, China (W.L.); and LSU Health Baton Rouge, LA (J.J.). gang.hu@pbrc.edu.
authors: Gang
authors: G
authors: Hu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015994:Incidence; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008145:Louisiana / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D017711:Nonlinear Dynamics; D009765:Obesity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents
keywords: body mass index; cohort studies; diabetes mellitus; heart failure