title: Using simulation and standardized patients to teach vital skills to pain medicine fellows.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Simulation is an evolving aspect of medical education. The role of simulation in training programs is variable, however, in technical specialties such as surgery and anesthesiology its role is quickly becoming a standard part of training programs. Pain fellowship programs must teach clinical diagnostic skills, pharmacology and pathophysiology, in addition to interventional skills to fellows with varying residency backgrounds.
  
  
  METHODS
  The implementation of a hybrid simulation course into the pain fellowship curriculum allows for active learning as fellows experience challenging patient scenarios, stressful periprocedural events, and cases gone awry that require emergency algorithm recall and action.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This report describes the incorporation of simulation and crucial conversations into a pain fellowship curriculum.
authors: Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
authors: Bryan C
authors: BC
authors: Hoelzer
authors: Susan M
authors: SM
authors: Moeschler
authors: David P
authors: DP
authors: Seamans
mesh_terms: D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate / Q000379:methods*; D005257:Fellowships and Scholarships; D006801:Humans; D059408:Pain Management / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Anesthesiology; Crucial Conversations; Pain Fellowship; Pain Medicine; Simulation; Standardized Patients