title: Age-dependent decreases of high energy phosphates in cerebral gray matter of patients with bipolar I disorder: a preliminary phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify abnormalities in high energy phosphate cerebral metabolism in euthymic bipolar disorder.
  
  
  METHODS
  Phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging ((31)P MRSI) data were acquired from the entire brain of 9 euthymic adults with bipolar disorder and 13 healthy adults. Estimates of phosphocreatine (PCr) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in homogeneous gray and white matter were obtained by tissue regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analyses of covariance revealed the effect of age to be significantly different between bipolar and healthy groups for concentrations of PCr (p=0.0018) and ATP (p=0.013) in gray matter. These metabolites were negatively correlated with age in gray matter in bipolar subjects while PCr was positively correlated with age in gray matter of healthy subjects. Additionally, age-corrected concentrations of PCr in gray matter were significantly elevated in bipolar subjects (p=0.0048).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Given that this cross-sectional study possessed a small sample and potentially confounding effects of medication status, we recommend a larger, longitudinal study to more robustly study relationships between bioenergetic impairment and duration of disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest bioenergetic impairment related to mitochondrial function may be progressive in multi-episode bipolar subjects as they age.
authors: Center for Imaging Research, University of Cincinnati, United States. Electronic address: dudleyjd@ucmail.uc.edu.
authors: Jonathan A
authors: JA
authors: Dudley
authors: Center for Imaging Research, University of Cincinnati, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, United States; Department of Biomedical, Chemical, and Environment, University of Cincinnati College of Engineering and Applied Science, United States.
authors: Jing-Huei
authors: JH
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, United States.
authors: Michelle
authors: M
authors: Durling
authors: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, United States; Department of Biomedical, Chemical, and Environment, University of Cincinnati College of Engineering and Applied Science, United States.
authors: Stephen M
authors: SM
authors: Strakowski
authors: Center for Imaging Research, University of Cincinnati, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, United States.
authors: James C
authors: JC
authors: Eliassen
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism*; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000378:metabolism*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D066128:Gray Matter / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010710:Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism*; D010725:Phosphocreatine / Q000378:metabolism; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000032:analysis*; D066127:White Matter / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010710:Phosphates; D010725:Phosphocreatine; D010758:Phosphorus; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate
keywords: (31)P MRS; Bioenergetics; Bipolar disorder