title: Tunable release of clavam from clavam stabilized gold nanoparticles--design, characterization and antimicrobial study.
abstract: A facile one-step approach is developed to synthesize highly stable (up to 6months) gold nanoparticles (GNPs) using Clavam, pharmaceutical form of amoxicillin which contains a mixture of amoxicillin and potassium salt of clavulanic acid, at room temperature (25-30°C). The clavam stabilized GNPs are characterized using various techniques including UV-Visible, FT-IR spectrophotometry and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Tunable release of clavam from clavam stabilized GNPs is demonstrated using intracellular concentrations of glutathione (GSH). The process is monitored using an UV-Vis spectroscopy and the amount of clavam released in terms of amoxicillin concentration is quantitatively estimated using reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) technique. In vitro study reveals that the clavam released from GNPs' surface was found to show a significant enhancement in antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and the cause of enhancement is addressed.
authors: Electrodics and Electrocatalysis Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi, Tamilnadu 630006, India.
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Manju
authors: Corrosion Materials and Protection Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi, Tamilnadu, 630006, India.
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Dhandapani
authors: Characterization and Measurement lab, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi, Tamilnadu 630006, India.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Gurusamy Neelavannan
authors: Corrosion Materials and Protection Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi, Tamilnadu, 630006, India.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Maruthamuthu
authors: Electrodics and Electrocatalysis Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi, Tamilnadu 630006, India.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Berchmans
authors: Electrodics and Electrocatalysis Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi, Tamilnadu 630006, India. Electronic address: palani112@gmail.com.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Palaniappan
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002969:Clavulanic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D002969:Clavulanic Acids; C483963:clavam; D006046:Gold
keywords: Amoxicillin; Clavam; Clavam loaded gold nanoparticles; Drug delivery; Glutathione mediated release; Gold nanoparticles; Tunable release of antibiotics