title: Health care resource utilization and costs during episodes of care for type 2 diabetes mellitus-related comorbidities.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To obtain costs of episodes of care for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-related comorbidities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from the MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters Database were analyzed with the Medical Episode Grouper software, which uses proprietary algorithms to identify episodes of care. Episodes relevant to the T2DM population were examined, including: coronary artery disease with acute myocardial infarction, ventricular fibrillation, shock, and/or cardiac arrest (CAD episodes); cerebrovascular disease with stroke (CVD episodes); hypoglycemia; T2DM with complications (complication episodes); and renal failure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  45,350 CAD; 85,287 CVD; 29,886 hypoglycemia; 40,339 complication; and 211,673 renal failure episodes were identified. Mean (SD) episode durations were 15.2 (39.1), 25.5 (55.0), 5.9 (24.0), 21.2 (54.6), and 364.0 (0.0) days, respectively. Inpatient visits were the largest component of unadjusted costs for CAD, CVD, and complication episodes (93.4%, 78.3%, and 91.9%, respectively). Other ancillary care represented the largest component of unadjusted costs for hypoglycemia (53.3%) and renal failure (80.5%) episodes. Mean adjusted total costs were $16,435; $4558; $445; $5675; and $8765 for CAD, CVD, hypoglycemia, complication, and renal failure episodes, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study adds important information to the literature regarding costs of episodes of care for patients with T2DM in the US.
authors: RTI Health Solutions, 300 Park Offices Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. Electronic address: scandrilli@rti.org.
authors: S D
authors: SD
authors: Candrilli
authors: RTI Health Solutions, 300 Park Offices Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. Electronic address: jmeyers@rti.org.
authors: J L
authors: JL
authors: Meyers
authors: Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA. Electronic address: boye_kristina_secnik@lilly.com.
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Boye
authors: Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA. Electronic address: bae_jay@lilly.com.
authors: J P
authors: JP
authors: Bae
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015897:Comorbidity; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000191:economics* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000191:economics* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D017050:Episode of Care; D005260:Female; D017048:Health Care Costs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Comorbidities; Costs; Diabetes; Economic burden; Episodes of care; T2DM