title: Prognostic and therapeutic implications of statin and aspirin therapy in individuals with nonobstructive coronary artery disease: results from the CONFIRM (COronary CT Angiography EvaluatioN For Clinical Outcomes: An InteRnational Multicenter registry) registry.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to examine the risk of mortality associated with nonobstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) and to determine the impact of baseline statin and aspirin use on mortality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Coronary computed tomographic angiography permits direct visualization of nonobstructive CAD. To date, the prognostic implications of nonobstructive CAD and the potential benefit of directing therapy based on nonobstructive CAD have not been carefully examined. A total of 27 125 consecutive patients who underwent computed tomographic angiography (12 enrolling centers and 6 countries) were prospectively entered into the COronary CT Angiography EvaluatioN For Clinical Outcomes: An InteRnational Multicenter (CONFIRM) registry. Patients, without history of previous CAD or obstructive CAD, for whom baseline statin and aspirin use was available were analyzed. Each coronary segment was classified as normal or nonobstructive CAD (1%-49% stenosis). Patients were followed up for a median of 27.2 months for all-cause mortality. The study comprised 10 418 patients (5712 normal and 4706 with nonobstructive CAD). In multivariable analyses, patients with nonobstructive CAD had a 6% (95% confidence interval, 1%-12%) higher risk of mortality for each additional segment with nonobstructive plaque (P=0.021). Baseline statin use was associated with a reduced risk of mortality (hazard ratio, 0.44; 95% confidence interval, 0.28-0.68; P=0.0003), a benefit that was present for individuals with nonobstructive CAD (hazard ratio, 0.32; 95% confidence interval, 0.19-0.55; P<0.001) but not for those without plaque (hazard ratio, 0.66; 95% confidence interval, 0.30-1.43; P=0.287). When stratified by National Cholesterol Education Program/Adult Treatment Program III, no mortality benefit was observed in individuals without plaque. Aspirin use was not associated with mortality benefit, irrespective of the status of plaque.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence and extent of nonobstructive CAD predicted mortality. Baseline statin therapy was associated with a significant reduction in mortality for individuals with nonobstructive CAD but not for individuals without CAD.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  URL: http://clinicaltrials.gov/. Unique identifier NCT01443637.
authors: From the Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (B.J.W.C., G.S., Y.Y., L.C., R.M.); Department of Medicine, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.A.); Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (M.A.-M.); Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (D.S.B., V.Y.C., T.L.); Department of Medicine, Harbor University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center (M.J.B.); Department of Radiology, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Monastier di Treviso, Italy (F.C., E.M.); Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (F.C., E.M.); Tennessee Heart and Vascular Institute, Hendersonville (T.Q.C.); Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.-J.C.); William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (K.C.); Baptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, FL (R.C.); Capitol Cardiology Associates, Albany, NY (A.D.); Department of Public Health (A.D.), Medicine and Radiology (F.L.), and Department of Radiology (J.K.M.), New York Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College; Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (G.F.); Division of Cardiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (M.H., J.H.); Cardiovascular Medical Group, Los Angeles, CA (R.P.K.); Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland (P.A.K.); Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (Y.-J.K.); Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (G.L.R.); Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); and Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Medical Center, Washington, DC (T.C.V.).
authors: Benjamin J W
authors: BJ
authors: Chow
authors: From the Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (B.J.W.C., G.S., Y.Y., L.C., R.M.); Department of Medicine, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.A.); Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (M.A.-M.); Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (D.S.B., V.Y.C., T.L.); Department of Medicine, Harbor University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center (M.J.B.); Department of Radiology, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Monastier di Treviso, Italy (F.C., E.M.); Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (F.C., E.M.); Tennessee Heart and Vascular Institute, Hendersonville (T.Q.C.); Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.-J.C.); William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (K.C.); Baptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, FL (R.C.); Capitol Cardiology Associates, Albany, NY (A.D.); Department of Public Health (A.D.), Medicine and Radiology (F.L.), and Department of Radiology (J.K.M.), New York Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College; Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (G.F.); Division of Cardiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (M.H., J.H.); Cardiovascular Medical Group, Los Angeles, CA (R.P.K.); Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland (P.A.K.); Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (Y.-J.K.); Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (G.L.R.); Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); and Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Medical Center, Washington, DC (T.C.V.).
authors: Gary
authors: G
authors: Small
authors: From the Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (B.J.W.C., G.S., Y.Y., L.C., R.M.); Department of Medicine, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.A.); Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (M.A.-M.); Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (D.S.B., V.Y.C., T.L.); Department of Medicine, Harbor University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center (M.J.B.); Department of Radiology, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Monastier di Treviso, Italy (F.C., E.M.); Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (F.C., E.M.); Tennessee Heart and Vascular Institute, Hendersonville (T.Q.C.); Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.-J.C.); William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (K.C.); Baptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, FL (R.C.); Capitol Cardiology Associates, Albany, NY (A.D.); Department of Public Health (A.D.), Medicine and Radiology (F.L.), and Department of Radiology (J.K.M.), New York Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College; Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (G.F.); Division of Cardiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (M.H., J.H.); Cardiovascular Medical Group, Los Angeles, CA (R.P.K.); Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland (P.A.K.); Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (Y.-J.K.); Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (G.L.R.); Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); and Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Medical Center, Washington, DC (T.C.V.).
authors: Yeung
authors: Y
authors: Yam
authors: From the Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (B.J.W.C., G.S., Y.Y., L.C., R.M.); Department of Medicine, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.A.); Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (M.A.-M.); Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (D.S.B., V.Y.C., T.L.); Department of Medicine, Harbor University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center (M.J.B.); Department of Radiology, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Monastier di Treviso, Italy (F.C., E.M.); Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (F.C., E.M.); Tennessee Heart and Vascular Institute, Hendersonville (T.Q.C.); Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.-J.C.); William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (K.C.); Baptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, FL (R.C.); Capitol Cardiology Associates, Albany, NY (A.D.); Department of Public Health (A.D.), Medicine and Radiology (F.L.), and Department of Radiology (J.K.M.), New York Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College; Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (G.F.); Division of Cardiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (M.H., J.H.); Cardiovascular Medical Group, Los Angeles, CA (R.P.K.); Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland (P.A.K.); Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (Y.-J.K.); Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (G.L.R.); Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); and Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Medical Center, Washington, DC (T.C.V.).
authors: Li
authors: L
authors: Chen
authors: From the Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (B.J.W.C., G.S., Y.Y., L.C., R.M.); Department of Medicine, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.A.); Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (M.A.-M.); Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (D.S.B., V.Y.C., T.L.); Department of Medicine, Harbor University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center (M.J.B.); Department of Radiology, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Monastier di Treviso, Italy (F.C., E.M.); Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (F.C., E.M.); Tennessee Heart and Vascular Institute, Hendersonville (T.Q.C.); Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.-J.C.); William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (K.C.); Baptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, FL (R.C.); Capitol Cardiology Associates, Albany, NY (A.D.); Department of Public Health (A.D.), Medicine and Radiology (F.L.), and Department of Radiology (J.K.M.), New York Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College; Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (G.F.); Division of Cardiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (M.H., J.H.); Cardiovascular Medical Group, Los Angeles, CA (R.P.K.); Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland (P.A.K.); Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (Y.-J.K.); Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (G.L.R.); Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); and Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Medical Center, Washington, DC (T.C.V.).
authors: Ruth
authors: R
authors: McPherson
authors: From the Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (B.J.W.C., G.S., Y.Y., L.C., R.M.); Department of Medicine, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.A.); Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (M.A.-M.); Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (D.S.B., V.Y.C., T.L.); Department of Medicine, Harbor University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center (M.J.B.); Department of Radiology, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Monastier di Treviso, Italy (F.C., E.M.); Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (F.C., E.M.); Tennessee Heart and Vascular Institute, Hendersonville (T.Q.C.); Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.-J.C.); William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (K.C.); Baptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, FL (R.C.); Capitol Cardiology Associates, Albany, NY (A.D.); Department of Public Health (A.D.), Medicine and Radiology (F.L.), and Department of Radiology (J.K.M.), New York Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College; Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (G.F.); Division of Cardiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (M.H., J.H.); Cardiovascular Medical Group, Los Angeles, CA (R.P.K.); Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland (P.A.K.); Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (Y.-J.K.); Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (G.L.R.); Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); and Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Medical Center, Washington, DC (T.C.V.).
authors: Stephan
authors: S
authors: Achenbach
authors: From the Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (B.J.W.C., G.S., Y.Y., L.C., R.M.); Department of Medicine, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.A.); Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (M.A.-M.); Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (D.S.B., V.Y.C., T.L.); Department of Medicine, Harbor University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center (M.J.B.); Department of Radiology, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Monastier di Treviso, Italy (F.C., E.M.); Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (F.C., E.M.); Tennessee Heart and Vascular Institute, Hendersonville (T.Q.C.); Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.-J.C.); William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (K.C.); Baptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, FL (R.C.); Capitol Cardiology Associates, Albany, NY (A.D.); Department of Public Health (A.D.), Medicine and Radiology (F.L.), and Department of Radiology (J.K.M.), New York Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College; Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (G.F.); Division of Cardiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (M.H., J.H.); Cardiovascular Medical Group, Los Angeles, CA (R.P.K.); Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland (P.A.K.); Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (Y.-J.K.); Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (G.L.R.); Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); and Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Medical Center, Washington, DC (T.C.V.).
authors: Mouaz
authors: M
authors: Al-Mallah
authors: From the Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (B.J.W.C., G.S., Y.Y., L.C., R.M.); Department of Medicine, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.A.); Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (M.A.-M.); Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (D.S.B., V.Y.C., T.L.); Department of Medicine, Harbor University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center (M.J.B.); Department of Radiology, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Monastier di Treviso, Italy (F.C., E.M.); Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (F.C., E.M.); Tennessee Heart and Vascular Institute, Hendersonville (T.Q.C.); Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.-J.C.); William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (K.C.); Baptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, FL (R.C.); Capitol Cardiology Associates, Albany, NY (A.D.); Department of Public Health (A.D.), Medicine and Radiology (F.L.), and Department of Radiology (J.K.M.), New York Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College; Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (G.F.); Division of Cardiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (M.H., J.H.); Cardiovascular Medical Group, Los Angeles, CA (R.P.K.); Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland (P.A.K.); Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (Y.-J.K.); Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (G.L.R.); Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); and Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Medical Center, Washington, DC (T.C.V.).
authors: Daniel S
authors: DS
authors: Berman
authors: From the Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (B.J.W.C., G.S., Y.Y., L.C., R.M.); Department of Medicine, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.A.); Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (M.A.-M.); Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (D.S.B., V.Y.C., T.L.); Department of Medicine, Harbor University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center (M.J.B.); Department of Radiology, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Monastier di Treviso, Italy (F.C., E.M.); Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (F.C., E.M.); Tennessee Heart and Vascular Institute, Hendersonville (T.Q.C.); Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.-J.C.); William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (K.C.); Baptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, FL (R.C.); Capitol Cardiology Associates, Albany, NY (A.D.); Department of Public Health (A.D.), Medicine and Radiology (F.L.), and Department of Radiology (J.K.M.), New York Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College; Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (G.F.); Division of Cardiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (M.H., J.H.); Cardiovascular Medical Group, Los Angeles, CA (R.P.K.); Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland (P.A.K.); Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (Y.-J.K.); Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (G.L.R.); Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); and Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Medical Center, Washington, DC (T.C.V.).
authors: Matthew J
authors: MJ
authors: Budoff
authors: From the Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (B.J.W.C., G.S., Y.Y., L.C., R.M.); Department of Medicine, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.A.); Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (M.A.-M.); Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (D.S.B., V.Y.C., T.L.); Department of Medicine, Harbor University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center (M.J.B.); Department of Radiology, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Monastier di Treviso, Italy (F.C., E.M.); Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (F.C., E.M.); Tennessee Heart and Vascular Institute, Hendersonville (T.Q.C.); Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.-J.C.); William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (K.C.); Baptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, FL (R.C.); Capitol Cardiology Associates, Albany, NY (A.D.); Department of Public Health (A.D.), Medicine and Radiology (F.L.), and Department of Radiology (J.K.M.), New York Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College; Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (G.F.); Division of Cardiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (M.H., J.H.); Cardiovascular Medical Group, Los Angeles, CA (R.P.K.); Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland (P.A.K.); Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (Y.-J.K.); Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (G.L.R.); Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); and Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Medical Center, Washington, DC (T.C.V.).
authors: Filippo
authors: F
authors: Cademartiri
authors: From the Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (B.J.W.C., G.S., Y.Y., L.C., R.M.); Department of Medicine, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.A.); Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (M.A.-M.); Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (D.S.B., V.Y.C., T.L.); Department of Medicine, Harbor University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center (M.J.B.); Department of Radiology, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Monastier di Treviso, Italy (F.C., E.M.); Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (F.C., E.M.); Tennessee Heart and Vascular Institute, Hendersonville (T.Q.C.); Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.-J.C.); William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (K.C.); Baptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, FL (R.C.); Capitol Cardiology Associates, Albany, NY (A.D.); Department of Public Health (A.D.), Medicine and Radiology (F.L.), and Department of Radiology (J.K.M.), New York Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College; Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (G.F.); Division of Cardiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (M.H., J.H.); Cardiovascular Medical Group, Los Angeles, CA (R.P.K.); Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland (P.A.K.); Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (Y.-J.K.); Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (G.L.R.); Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); and Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Medical Center, Washington, DC (T.C.V.).
authors: Tracy Q
authors: TQ
authors: Callister
authors: From the Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (B.J.W.C., G.S., Y.Y., L.C., R.M.); Department of Medicine, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.A.); Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (M.A.-M.); Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (D.S.B., V.Y.C., T.L.); Department of Medicine, Harbor University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center (M.J.B.); Department of Radiology, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Monastier di Treviso, Italy (F.C., E.M.); Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (F.C., E.M.); Tennessee Heart and Vascular Institute, Hendersonville (T.Q.C.); Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.-J.C.); William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (K.C.); Baptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, FL (R.C.); Capitol Cardiology Associates, Albany, NY (A.D.); Department of Public Health (A.D.), Medicine and Radiology (F.L.), and Department of Radiology (J.K.M.), New York Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College; Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (G.F.); Division of Cardiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (M.H., J.H.); Cardiovascular Medical Group, Los Angeles, CA (R.P.K.); Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland (P.A.K.); Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (Y.-J.K.); Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (G.L.R.); Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); and Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Medical Center, Washington, DC (T.C.V.).
authors: Hyuk-Jae
authors: HJ
authors: Chang
authors: From the Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (B.J.W.C., G.S., Y.Y., L.C., R.M.); Department of Medicine, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.A.); Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (M.A.-M.); Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (D.S.B., V.Y.C., T.L.); Department of Medicine, Harbor University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center (M.J.B.); Department of Radiology, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Monastier di Treviso, Italy (F.C., E.M.); Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (F.C., E.M.); Tennessee Heart and Vascular Institute, Hendersonville (T.Q.C.); Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.-J.C.); William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (K.C.); Baptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, FL (R.C.); Capitol Cardiology Associates, Albany, NY (A.D.); Department of Public Health (A.D.), Medicine and Radiology (F.L.), and Department of Radiology (J.K.M.), New York Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College; Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (G.F.); Division of Cardiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (M.H., J.H.); Cardiovascular Medical Group, Los Angeles, CA (R.P.K.); Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland (P.A.K.); Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (Y.-J.K.); Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (G.L.R.); Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); and Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Medical Center, Washington, DC (T.C.V.).
authors: Victor Y
authors: VY
authors: Cheng
authors: From the Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (B.J.W.C., G.S., Y.Y., L.C., R.M.); Department of Medicine, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.A.); Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (M.A.-M.); Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (D.S.B., V.Y.C., T.L.); Department of Medicine, Harbor University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center (M.J.B.); Department of Radiology, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Monastier di Treviso, Italy (F.C., E.M.); Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (F.C., E.M.); Tennessee Heart and Vascular Institute, Hendersonville (T.Q.C.); Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.-J.C.); William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (K.C.); Baptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, FL (R.C.); Capitol Cardiology Associates, Albany, NY (A.D.); Department of Public Health (A.D.), Medicine and Radiology (F.L.), and Department of Radiology (J.K.M.), New York Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College; Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (G.F.); Division of Cardiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (M.H., J.H.); Cardiovascular Medical Group, Los Angeles, CA (R.P.K.); Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland (P.A.K.); Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (Y.-J.K.); Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (G.L.R.); Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); and Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Medical Center, Washington, DC (T.C.V.).
authors: Kavitha
authors: K
authors: Chinnaiyan
authors: From the Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (B.J.W.C., G.S., Y.Y., L.C., R.M.); Department of Medicine, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.A.); Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (M.A.-M.); Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (D.S.B., V.Y.C., T.L.); Department of Medicine, Harbor University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center (M.J.B.); Department of Radiology, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Monastier di Treviso, Italy (F.C., E.M.); Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (F.C., E.M.); Tennessee Heart and Vascular Institute, Hendersonville (T.Q.C.); Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.-J.C.); William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (K.C.); Baptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, FL (R.C.); Capitol Cardiology Associates, Albany, NY (A.D.); Department of Public Health (A.D.), Medicine and Radiology (F.L.), and Department of Radiology (J.K.M.), New York Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College; Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (G.F.); Division of Cardiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (M.H., J.H.); Cardiovascular Medical Group, Los Angeles, CA (R.P.K.); Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland (P.A.K.); Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (Y.-J.K.); Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (G.L.R.); Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); and Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Medical Center, Washington, DC (T.C.V.).
authors: Ricardo
authors: R
authors: Cury
authors: From the Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (B.J.W.C., G.S., Y.Y., L.C., R.M.); Department of Medicine, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.A.); Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (M.A.-M.); Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (D.S.B., V.Y.C., T.L.); Department of Medicine, Harbor University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center (M.J.B.); Department of Radiology, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Monastier di Treviso, Italy (F.C., E.M.); Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (F.C., E.M.); Tennessee Heart and Vascular Institute, Hendersonville (T.Q.C.); Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.-J.C.); William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (K.C.); Baptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, FL (R.C.); Capitol Cardiology Associates, Albany, NY (A.D.); Department of Public Health (A.D.), Medicine and Radiology (F.L.), and Department of Radiology (J.K.M.), New York Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College; Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (G.F.); Division of Cardiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (M.H., J.H.); Cardiovascular Medical Group, Los Angeles, CA (R.P.K.); Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland (P.A.K.); Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (Y.-J.K.); Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (G.L.R.); Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); and Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Medical Center, Washington, DC (T.C.V.).
authors: Augustin
authors: A
authors: Delago
authors: From the Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (B.J.W.C., G.S., Y.Y., L.C., R.M.); Department of Medicine, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.A.); Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (M.A.-M.); Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (D.S.B., V.Y.C., T.L.); Department of Medicine, Harbor University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center (M.J.B.); Department of Radiology, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Monastier di Treviso, Italy (F.C., E.M.); Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (F.C., E.M.); Tennessee Heart and Vascular Institute, Hendersonville (T.Q.C.); Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.-J.C.); William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (K.C.); Baptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, FL (R.C.); Capitol Cardiology Associates, Albany, NY (A.D.); Department of Public Health (A.D.), Medicine and Radiology (F.L.), and Department of Radiology (J.K.M.), New York Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College; Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (G.F.); Division of Cardiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (M.H., J.H.); Cardiovascular Medical Group, Los Angeles, CA (R.P.K.); Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland (P.A.K.); Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (Y.-J.K.); Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (G.L.R.); Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); and Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Medical Center, Washington, DC (T.C.V.).
authors: Allison
authors: A
authors: Dunning
authors: From the Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (B.J.W.C., G.S., Y.Y., L.C., R.M.); Department of Medicine, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.A.); Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (M.A.-M.); Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (D.S.B., V.Y.C., T.L.); Department of Medicine, Harbor University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center (M.J.B.); Department of Radiology, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Monastier di Treviso, Italy (F.C., E.M.); Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (F.C., E.M.); Tennessee Heart and Vascular Institute, Hendersonville (T.Q.C.); Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.-J.C.); William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (K.C.); Baptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, FL (R.C.); Capitol Cardiology Associates, Albany, NY (A.D.); Department of Public Health (A.D.), Medicine and Radiology (F.L.), and Department of Radiology (J.K.M.), New York Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College; Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (G.F.); Division of Cardiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (M.H., J.H.); Cardiovascular Medical Group, Los Angeles, CA (R.P.K.); Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland (P.A.K.); Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (Y.-J.K.); Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (G.L.R.); Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); and Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Medical Center, Washington, DC (T.C.V.).
authors: Gundrun
authors: G
authors: Feuchtner
authors: From the Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (B.J.W.C., G.S., Y.Y., L.C., R.M.); Department of Medicine, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.A.); Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (M.A.-M.); Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (D.S.B., V.Y.C., T.L.); Department of Medicine, Harbor University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center (M.J.B.); Department of Radiology, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Monastier di Treviso, Italy (F.C., E.M.); Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (F.C., E.M.); Tennessee Heart and Vascular Institute, Hendersonville (T.Q.C.); Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.-J.C.); William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (K.C.); Baptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, FL (R.C.); Capitol Cardiology Associates, Albany, NY (A.D.); Department of Public Health (A.D.), Medicine and Radiology (F.L.), and Department of Radiology (J.K.M.), New York Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College; Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (G.F.); Division of Cardiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (M.H., J.H.); Cardiovascular Medical Group, Los Angeles, CA (R.P.K.); Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland (P.A.K.); Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (Y.-J.K.); Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (G.L.R.); Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); and Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Medical Center, Washington, DC (T.C.V.).
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Hadamitzky
authors: From the Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (B.J.W.C., G.S., Y.Y., L.C., R.M.); Department of Medicine, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.A.); Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (M.A.-M.); Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (D.S.B., V.Y.C., T.L.); Department of Medicine, Harbor University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center (M.J.B.); Department of Radiology, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Monastier di Treviso, Italy (F.C., E.M.); Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (F.C., E.M.); Tennessee Heart and Vascular Institute, Hendersonville (T.Q.C.); Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.-J.C.); William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (K.C.); Baptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, FL (R.C.); Capitol Cardiology Associates, Albany, NY (A.D.); Department of Public Health (A.D.), Medicine and Radiology (F.L.), and Department of Radiology (J.K.M.), New York Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College; Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (G.F.); Division of Cardiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (M.H., J.H.); Cardiovascular Medical Group, Los Angeles, CA (R.P.K.); Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland (P.A.K.); Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (Y.-J.K.); Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (G.L.R.); Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); and Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Medical Center, Washington, DC (T.C.V.).
authors: Jörg
authors: J
authors: Hausleiter
authors: From the Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (B.J.W.C., G.S., Y.Y., L.C., R.M.); Department of Medicine, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.A.); Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (M.A.-M.); Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (D.S.B., V.Y.C., T.L.); Department of Medicine, Harbor University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center (M.J.B.); Department of Radiology, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Monastier di Treviso, Italy (F.C., E.M.); Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (F.C., E.M.); Tennessee Heart and Vascular Institute, Hendersonville (T.Q.C.); Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.-J.C.); William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (K.C.); Baptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, FL (R.C.); Capitol Cardiology Associates, Albany, NY (A.D.); Department of Public Health (A.D.), Medicine and Radiology (F.L.), and Department of Radiology (J.K.M.), New York Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College; Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (G.F.); Division of Cardiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (M.H., J.H.); Cardiovascular Medical Group, Los Angeles, CA (R.P.K.); Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland (P.A.K.); Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (Y.-J.K.); Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (G.L.R.); Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); and Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Medical Center, Washington, DC (T.C.V.).
authors: Ronald P
authors: RP
authors: Karlsberg
authors: From the Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (B.J.W.C., G.S., Y.Y., L.C., R.M.); Department of Medicine, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.A.); Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (M.A.-M.); Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (D.S.B., V.Y.C., T.L.); Department of Medicine, Harbor University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center (M.J.B.); Department of Radiology, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Monastier di Treviso, Italy (F.C., E.M.); Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (F.C., E.M.); Tennessee Heart and Vascular Institute, Hendersonville (T.Q.C.); Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.-J.C.); William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (K.C.); Baptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, FL (R.C.); Capitol Cardiology Associates, Albany, NY (A.D.); Department of Public Health (A.D.), Medicine and Radiology (F.L.), and Department of Radiology (J.K.M.), New York Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College; Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (G.F.); Division of Cardiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (M.H., J.H.); Cardiovascular Medical Group, Los Angeles, CA (R.P.K.); Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland (P.A.K.); Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (Y.-J.K.); Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (G.L.R.); Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); and Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Medical Center, Washington, DC (T.C.V.).
authors: Philipp A
authors: PA
authors: Kaufmann
authors: From the Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (B.J.W.C., G.S., Y.Y., L.C., R.M.); Department of Medicine, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.A.); Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (M.A.-M.); Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (D.S.B., V.Y.C., T.L.); Department of Medicine, Harbor University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center (M.J.B.); Department of Radiology, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Monastier di Treviso, Italy (F.C., E.M.); Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (F.C., E.M.); Tennessee Heart and Vascular Institute, Hendersonville (T.Q.C.); Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.-J.C.); William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (K.C.); Baptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, FL (R.C.); Capitol Cardiology Associates, Albany, NY (A.D.); Department of Public Health (A.D.), Medicine and Radiology (F.L.), and Department of Radiology (J.K.M.), New York Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College; Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (G.F.); Division of Cardiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (M.H., J.H.); Cardiovascular Medical Group, Los Angeles, CA (R.P.K.); Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland (P.A.K.); Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (Y.-J.K.); Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (G.L.R.); Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); and Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Medical Center, Washington, DC (T.C.V.).
authors: Yong-Jin
authors: YJ
authors: Kim
authors: From the Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (B.J.W.C., G.S., Y.Y., L.C., R.M.); Department of Medicine, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.A.); Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (M.A.-M.); Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (D.S.B., V.Y.C., T.L.); Department of Medicine, Harbor University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center (M.J.B.); Department of Radiology, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Monastier di Treviso, Italy (F.C., E.M.); Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (F.C., E.M.); Tennessee Heart and Vascular Institute, Hendersonville (T.Q.C.); Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.-J.C.); William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (K.C.); Baptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, FL (R.C.); Capitol Cardiology Associates, Albany, NY (A.D.); Department of Public Health (A.D.), Medicine and Radiology (F.L.), and Department of Radiology (J.K.M.), New York Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College; Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (G.F.); Division of Cardiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (M.H., J.H.); Cardiovascular Medical Group, Los Angeles, CA (R.P.K.); Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland (P.A.K.); Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (Y.-J.K.); Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (G.L.R.); Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); and Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Medical Center, Washington, DC (T.C.V.).
authors: Jonathon
authors: J
authors: Leipsic
authors: From the Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (B.J.W.C., G.S., Y.Y., L.C., R.M.); Department of Medicine, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.A.); Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (M.A.-M.); Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (D.S.B., V.Y.C., T.L.); Department of Medicine, Harbor University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center (M.J.B.); Department of Radiology, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Monastier di Treviso, Italy (F.C., E.M.); Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (F.C., E.M.); Tennessee Heart and Vascular Institute, Hendersonville (T.Q.C.); Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.-J.C.); William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (K.C.); Baptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, FL (R.C.); Capitol Cardiology Associates, Albany, NY (A.D.); Department of Public Health (A.D.), Medicine and Radiology (F.L.), and Department of Radiology (J.K.M.), New York Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College; Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (G.F.); Division of Cardiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (M.H., J.H.); Cardiovascular Medical Group, Los Angeles, CA (R.P.K.); Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland (P.A.K.); Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (Y.-J.K.); Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (G.L.R.); Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); and Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Medical Center, Washington, DC (T.C.V.).
authors: Troy
authors: T
authors: LaBounty
authors: From the Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (B.J.W.C., G.S., Y.Y., L.C., R.M.); Department of Medicine, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.A.); Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (M.A.-M.); Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (D.S.B., V.Y.C., T.L.); Department of Medicine, Harbor University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center (M.J.B.); Department of Radiology, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Monastier di Treviso, Italy (F.C., E.M.); Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (F.C., E.M.); Tennessee Heart and Vascular Institute, Hendersonville (T.Q.C.); Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.-J.C.); William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (K.C.); Baptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, FL (R.C.); Capitol Cardiology Associates, Albany, NY (A.D.); Department of Public Health (A.D.), Medicine and Radiology (F.L.), and Department of Radiology (J.K.M.), New York Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College; Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (G.F.); Division of Cardiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (M.H., J.H.); Cardiovascular Medical Group, Los Angeles, CA (R.P.K.); Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland (P.A.K.); Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (Y.-J.K.); Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (G.L.R.); Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); and Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Medical Center, Washington, DC (T.C.V.).
authors: Fay
authors: F
authors: Lin
authors: From the Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (B.J.W.C., G.S., Y.Y., L.C., R.M.); Department of Medicine, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.A.); Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (M.A.-M.); Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (D.S.B., V.Y.C., T.L.); Department of Medicine, Harbor University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center (M.J.B.); Department of Radiology, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Monastier di Treviso, Italy (F.C., E.M.); Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (F.C., E.M.); Tennessee Heart and Vascular Institute, Hendersonville (T.Q.C.); Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.-J.C.); William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (K.C.); Baptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, FL (R.C.); Capitol Cardiology Associates, Albany, NY (A.D.); Department of Public Health (A.D.), Medicine and Radiology (F.L.), and Department of Radiology (J.K.M.), New York Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College; Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (G.F.); Division of Cardiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (M.H., J.H.); Cardiovascular Medical Group, Los Angeles, CA (R.P.K.); Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland (P.A.K.); Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (Y.-J.K.); Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (G.L.R.); Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); and Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Medical Center, Washington, DC (T.C.V.).
authors: Erica
authors: E
authors: Maffei
authors: From the Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (B.J.W.C., G.S., Y.Y., L.C., R.M.); Department of Medicine, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.A.); Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (M.A.-M.); Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (D.S.B., V.Y.C., T.L.); Department of Medicine, Harbor University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center (M.J.B.); Department of Radiology, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Monastier di Treviso, Italy (F.C., E.M.); Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (F.C., E.M.); Tennessee Heart and Vascular Institute, Hendersonville (T.Q.C.); Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.-J.C.); William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (K.C.); Baptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, FL (R.C.); Capitol Cardiology Associates, Albany, NY (A.D.); Department of Public Health (A.D.), Medicine and Radiology (F.L.), and Department of Radiology (J.K.M.), New York Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College; Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (G.F.); Division of Cardiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (M.H., J.H.); Cardiovascular Medical Group, Los Angeles, CA (R.P.K.); Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland (P.A.K.); Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (Y.-J.K.); Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (G.L.R.); Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); and Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Medical Center, Washington, DC (T.C.V.).
authors: Gilbert L
authors: GL
authors: Raff
authors: From the Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (B.J.W.C., G.S., Y.Y., L.C., R.M.); Department of Medicine, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.A.); Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (M.A.-M.); Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (D.S.B., V.Y.C., T.L.); Department of Medicine, Harbor University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center (M.J.B.); Department of Radiology, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Monastier di Treviso, Italy (F.C., E.M.); Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (F.C., E.M.); Tennessee Heart and Vascular Institute, Hendersonville (T.Q.C.); Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.-J.C.); William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (K.C.); Baptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, FL (R.C.); Capitol Cardiology Associates, Albany, NY (A.D.); Department of Public Health (A.D.), Medicine and Radiology (F.L.), and Department of Radiology (J.K.M.), New York Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College; Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (G.F.); Division of Cardiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (M.H., J.H.); Cardiovascular Medical Group, Los Angeles, CA (R.P.K.); Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland (P.A.K.); Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (Y.-J.K.); Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (G.L.R.); Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); and Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Medical Center, Washington, DC (T.C.V.).
authors: Leslee J
authors: LJ
authors: Shaw
authors: From the Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (B.J.W.C., G.S., Y.Y., L.C., R.M.); Department of Medicine, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.A.); Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (M.A.-M.); Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (D.S.B., V.Y.C., T.L.); Department of Medicine, Harbor University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center (M.J.B.); Department of Radiology, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Monastier di Treviso, Italy (F.C., E.M.); Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (F.C., E.M.); Tennessee Heart and Vascular Institute, Hendersonville (T.Q.C.); Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.-J.C.); William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (K.C.); Baptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, FL (R.C.); Capitol Cardiology Associates, Albany, NY (A.D.); Department of Public Health (A.D.), Medicine and Radiology (F.L.), and Department of Radiology (J.K.M.), New York Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College; Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (G.F.); Division of Cardiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (M.H., J.H.); Cardiovascular Medical Group, Los Angeles, CA (R.P.K.); Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland (P.A.K.); Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (Y.-J.K.); Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (G.L.R.); Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); and Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Medical Center, Washington, DC (T.C.V.).
authors: Todd C
authors: TC
authors: Villines
authors: From the Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (B.J.W.C., G.S., Y.Y., L.C., R.M.); Department of Medicine, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.A.); Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (M.A.-M.); Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (D.S.B., V.Y.C., T.L.); Department of Medicine, Harbor University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center (M.J.B.); Department of Radiology, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Monastier di Treviso, Italy (F.C., E.M.); Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (F.C., E.M.); Tennessee Heart and Vascular Institute, Hendersonville (T.Q.C.); Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.-J.C.); William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (K.C.); Baptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, FL (R.C.); Capitol Cardiology Associates, Albany, NY (A.D.); Department of Public Health (A.D.), Medicine and Radiology (F.L.), and Department of Radiology (J.K.M.), New York Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College; Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (G.F.); Division of Cardiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (M.H., J.H.); Cardiovascular Medical Group, Los Angeles, CA (R.P.K.); Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland (P.A.K.); Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (Y.-J.K.); Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (G.L.R.); Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); and Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Medical Center, Washington, DC (T.C.V.). jkm2001@med.cornell.edu.
authors: James K
authors: JK
authors: Min
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001208:Asia; D001241:Aspirin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002170:Canada; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D023921:Coronary Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011322:Primary Prevention / Q000379:methods*; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D065840:Protective Factors; D012042:Registries; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D001241:Aspirin
keywords: aspirin; coronary angiography; coronary atherosclerosis; mortality; prognosis; statin