title: Comparison of immunofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoglobulin G avidity techniques for screening of anti: Toxoplasma antibodies among single serum sample pregnant women in Tabriz, Iran.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Congenital toxoplasmosis is that pregnant women acquire the infection during gestation; diagnosis of the acute infection during pregnancy is a complex subject of maternal toxoplasmosis. Thus, the presence of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and/or IgM Toxoplasma antibodies in a single serum sample drawn during gestation cannot be used to define whether the infection was recently acquired or chronic.
  
  
  METHODS
  At this cross-sectional descriptive study, sera of 391 pregnant women examined and compared. They were in an age range of 21-35 years, referred by gynecologists and infectious disease specialists, during March 2012-April 2013. They have referred, 215 (54.98%), 102 (26%), 74 (18.92%) in the first, second and third trimesters of gestation, respectively. For each of them, a questionnaire was completed and serum samples were prepared in an equal condition, examined according to the procedures of indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and IgG Avidity techniques.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We have found 111 (28.38%) seronegative and 280 (71.61%) seropositive cases by IIF and 124 (31.70%) seronegative, 267 (68.28%) seropositive cases by ELISA. The IgG avidity test confirmed 45 (69.23%) and 7 (10.76%) doubtful cases of IgM test in IIF and ELISA techniques.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study highlights how to manage pregnant women with toxoplasmosis, especially in a single serum sample condition.
authors: Mehrangiz
authors: M
authors: Rajaii
authors: Mohammad Reza
authors: MR
authors: Aliparasti
authors: Behrouz
authors: B
authors: Nagilli
authors: Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors: Shohreh
authors: S
authors: Almasi
authors: Najibeh
authors: N
authors: Asle-Rahnamaie-Akbari
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000097:blood*; D000915:Antibody Affinity; D019411:Clinical Laboratory Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood*; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D007492:Iran; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000175:diagnosis*; D044967:Serum / Q000276:immunology; D014122:Toxoplasma / Q000276:immunology*; D014123:Toxoplasmosis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M