title: Synthesis and characterization of pH-responsive N-naphthyl-N,O-succinyl chitosan micelles for oral meloxicam delivery.
abstract: The aim of this study was to synthesize pH responsive chitosan and to evaluate the influence of drug-loaded micelle methods on loading efficiency, particle size and micelle stability. N-naphthyl-N,O-succinyl chitosan (NSCS) was successfully synthesized and meloxicam (MX) was loaded into the inner core of the NSCS micelles by physical entrapment methods (dialysis, O/W emulsion, dropping and evaporation) with a regular spherical shape (particle size 84-382nm). MX-loaded micelles by evaporation method showed the highest entrapment efficiency. The stability of the drug-loaded micelles depended on not only the methods but also the initial of drug. NSCS micelles are less toxic on Caco-2 cells. In acidic medium at 0-2h, percentage cumulative release of MX from MX-loaded micelles was similar to free drug. When the pH was adjusted to pH 6.8, the MX release was increased significantly. Therefore, this NSCS micelle would be desirable to develop MX carrier for oral drug delivery.
authors: Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand.
authors: Thisirak
authors: T
authors: Woraphatphadung
authors: National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand. Electronic address: warayuth@nanotec.or.th.
authors: Warayuth
authors: W
authors: Sajomsang
authors: National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.
authors: Pattarapond
authors: P
authors: Gonil
authors: National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.
authors: Somsak
authors: S
authors: Saesoo
authors: Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand. Electronic address: opanasopit_p@su.ac.th.
authors: Praneet
authors: P
authors: Opanasopit
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D060326:Chemistry Techniques, Synthetic; D048271:Chitosan / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D065546:Drug Liberation; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D000077239:Meloxicam; D008823:Micelles; D013386:Succinates / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D013843:Thiazines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D008823:Micelles; C000602667:N-naphthyl-N,O-succinyl chitosan; D013386:Succinates; D013843:Thiazines; D013844:Thiazoles; D048271:Chitosan; D000077239:Meloxicam
keywords: Meloxicam; Physical entrapment methods; Polymeric micelles; pH-responsive chitosan