title: Immunological analysis of aerobic bioreactor bovine theileriosis vaccine.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In this study, the pilot production of aerobic bioreactor tropical theileriosis vaccine was optimized with the aim of immunological assays for further mass production.
  
  
  METHODS
  We have shown earlier the delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) assay could be used for evaluating the immunity and memory cells against specific Theileria antigen in vaccinated animals. In addition, TNF-α is the principle cytokine in modulating the cytotoxic activity of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL). Immunological analysis of the vaccine was performed by using two cell mediated immunity (CMI) in vitro and in vivo DTH test (Theilerin) and TNF-α assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results of immune responses of susceptible immunized cattle by bioreactor vaccine in comparison with conventional flask vaccine revealed a significant stimulation of immune cells by transcription of high level of TNF-α and positive reaction against Theileria antigen in Theilerin skin test (DTH).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The equal immunological results achieved in both above mentioned vaccines verified the satisfactory immunity for aerobic bioreactor theileriosis vaccine for advance mass vaccination in the field on a large-scale.
authors: Department of Parasite Vaccine Research and Production, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran.
authors: Gholamreza
authors: G
authors: Habibi
authors: Department of Parasite Vaccine Research and Production, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran.
authors: Kasra
authors: K
authors: Esmaeil-Nia
authors: Department of Foot and Mouth Disease Vaccine production, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran.
authors: Hasan
authors: H
authors: Izadi
authors: Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.
authors: Orang
authors: O
authors: Ataie Amarloie
authors: Department of Parasite Vaccine Research and Production, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran.
authors: Asghar
authors: A
authors: Afshari
authors: Department of Quality Control of Biological Products, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran.
authors: Nadia
authors: N
authors: Bordbar
keywords: Aerobic Bioreactor; DTH; TNF-α; Theileriosis Vaccine