title: Feasibility and application of liquid-liquid extraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the analysis of phenolic acids from grape polyphenols degraded by human faecal microbiota.
abstract: In this study the feasibility of a LLE-GC-EI-MS method for the analysis of 43 phenolic acids belonging to different chemical structure families which have been described in the literature as microbial-derived metabolites after consumption of dietary polyphenols was proved. In addition, the method was applied for the characterisation of phenolic metabolites resulting from the incubation, in anaerobic conditions, of a commercial grape seed extract (GSE) and their corresponding flavan-3-ol monomeric (GSE-M) and oligomeric (GSE-O) fractions with human faeces from healthy volunteers (n=3). The method showed average values of repeatability and reproducibility of 5.0% and 6.3%, respectively, adequate and low detection (1.8-30.8 μg L(-1)) and quantification limits (6.0-102.8 μg L(-1)) and good recovery values (95%, as average value). A total of 27 phenolic acids were identified in the faecal solutions after incubation with the grape seed extracts. In general, faecal samples incubated with GSE and GSE-M (monomeric fraction) yield a higher formation of phenolic acids compared to the samples incubated with the oligomer fraction (GSE-O).
authors: Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), C/Nicolás Cabrera, 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Muñoz-González
authors: Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), C/Nicolás Cabrera, 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors: M V
authors: MV
authors: Moreno-Arribas
authors: Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), C/Nicolás Cabrera, 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors: J J
authors: JJ
authors: Rodríguez-Bencomo
authors: Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), C/Nicolás Cabrera, 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Cueva
authors: Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), C/Nicolás Cabrera, 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors: P J
authors: PJ
authors: Martín Álvarez
authors: Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), C/Nicolás Cabrera, 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Bartolomé
authors: Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), C/Nicolás Cabrera, 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: m.delpozo@csic.es.
authors: M A
authors: MA
authors: Pozo-Bayón
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D059625:Liquid-Liquid Extraction / Q000379:methods*; D064307:Microbiota; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D062385:Hydroxybenzoates; D059808:Polyphenols
keywords: Grape polyphenols; Gut microbiota; LLE–GC–EI-MS; Phenolic metabolites