title: Safety and efficacy of retrograde intrarenal surgery in patients of different age groups.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the efficacy and safety of retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) to treat renal stones in different age groups of patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a retrospective analysis of 947 patients who underwent RIRS for renal calculi between January 2008 and January 2014. Age at RIRS was analysed both as a continuous and categorical variable and patients were categorized into three age groups; aged ≤ 15 years at surgery (group i, n=51), 16 - 60 years (group Ii, n=726) and>60 years (group iii, n=170). We compared the 3 groups with the regard to stone characteristics, operative parameters and postoperative outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The stone-free rate was 78.4% in group i, 77.5% in group ii, and 81.1% in group iii (P=.587). A multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that only stone size and stone number had significant influence on the stone-free rates after RIRS. Intraoperative complications occurred 13.7% in group i, 5.6% group ii, and 7.6% in group iii. Overall complication rates in children were higher than adult patients but the differences were not statistically significant. We found that only operation time was associated with the increased risk of intraoperative complications. Peroperative medical complications developed in 8 patients (.8%) in group ii and 2 patients (1.1%) in group iii. A 48-year-old man died from septic shock 5 days after the surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RIRS was observed to be a safe and effective procedure in all age groups of patients with stone disease, therefore age should not be considered as a limiting factor.
authors: Department of Urology, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Medicine, Canakkale, Turquía.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Tolga-Gulpinar
authors: Department of Urology, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Medicine, Canakkale, Turquía. Electronic address: drberkan79@gmail.com.
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Resorlu
authors: Department of Urology, Medeniyet University, Faculty of Medicine, Estambul, Turquía.
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Atis
authors: Department of Urology, Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Medicine, Estambul, Turquía.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Tepeler
authors: Kecioren Training and Research Hospital, Department of Urology, Estambul, Turquía.
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Ozyuvali
authors: Department of Biostatistics, Ankara University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turquía.
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Oztuna
authors: Department of Radiology, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Medicine, Canakkale, Turquía.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Resorlu
authors: Department of Urology, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Medicine, Canakkale, Turquía.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Akbas
authors: Department of Urology, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Medicine, Canakkale, Turquía.
authors: E B
authors: EB
authors: Sancak
authors: Department of Urology, Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turquía.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Unsal
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000601:surgery*; D053844:Lasers, Solid-State; D017602:Lithotripsy, Laser / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015607:Stents; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D020709:Ureteroscopes; D018666:Ureteroscopy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Ancianos; Cirugía intrarrenal retrógrada; Cálculo; Elderly; Escáner; Imaging; Retrograde intrarenal surgery; Stone