title: Relative systolic blood pressure reduction and clinical outcomes in hyperacute intracerebral hemorrhage: the SAMURAI-ICH observational study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Blood pressure lowering is often performed as a part of general acute management in acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) patients. The relationship between relative blood pressure reduction and clinical outcomes is not fully known.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hyperacute (<3 h from onset) ICH patients with initial SBP more than 180 mmHg were included in the observational study. All patients received intravenous antihypertensive treatment based on a predefined protocol to lower and maintain SBP between 120 and 160 mmHg. The relative SBP reduction was defined as the ratio of SBP reduction to the admission SBP in the first 24 h, and associations between the relative SBP reduction and neurological deterioration (≥2 points decrease in the Glasgow Coma Scale score or ≥4 increase in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score), hematoma expansion (>33% increase), and unfavorable outcome (modified Rankin scale score 4-6 at 3 months) were assessed with multivariate logistic regression analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 211 patients [81 women, median age 65 (interquartile range 58-74) years, and median initial National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score 13 (8-17)] enrolled, 17 (8%) showed neurological deterioration, 36 (17%) showed hematoma expansion, and 87 (41%) had an unfavorable outcome. On multivariate regression analyses, relative SBP reduction was independently and inversely associated with neurological deterioration (odds ratio 0.053, 95% confidence interval 0.011-0.254 per 10% increment), hematoma expansion (0.289, 0.099-0.841), and unfavorable outcome (0.254, 0.095-0.680) after adjusting for known predictive factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Insufficient relative SBP reduction after standardized antihypertensive therapy in hyperacute ICH was independently associated with poor clinical outcomes. Aggressive antihypertensive treatment may improve clinical outcomes.
authors: aDepartment of Cerebrovascular Medicine bDivision of Stroke Care Unit cDepartment of Neurology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita dDepartment of Neurology, Stroke Center, Kobe City General Hospital, Kobe eDepartment of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya fDepartment of Cerebrovascular Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka gDepartment of Stroke Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki hDepartments of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka iDepartment of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Nakamura Memorial Hospital, Sapporo jDepartment of Stroke Neurology, Kohnan Hospital, Sendai kDepartment of Neurology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki lDivision of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan.
authors: Yuki
authors: Y
authors: Sakamoto
authors: Masatoshi
authors: M
authors: Koga
authors: Kenichi
authors: K
authors: Todo
authors: Satoshi
authors: S
authors: Okuda
authors: Yasushi
authors: Y
authors: Okada
authors: Kazumi
authors: K
authors: Kimura
authors: Yoshiaki
authors: Y
authors: Shiokawa
authors: Kenji
authors: K
authors: Kamiyama
authors: Eisuke
authors: E
authors: Furui
authors: Yasuhiro
authors: Y
authors: Hasegawa
authors: Kazuomi
authors: K
authors: Kario
authors: Takuya
authors: T
authors: Okata
authors: Junpei
authors: J
authors: Kobayashi
authors: Eijirou
authors: E
authors: Tanaka
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Yamagami
authors: Kazuyuki
authors: K
authors: Nagatsuka
authors: Kazuo
authors: K
authors: Minematsu
authors: Kazunori
authors: K
authors: Toyoda
mesh_terms: D061605:Administration, Intravenous; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D015600:Glasgow Coma Scale; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007022:Hypotension; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents