title: Magnetic resonance sentinel lymph node imaging of the prostate with gadofosveset trisodium-albumin: preliminary results in a canine model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if intraprostatic injection of gadofosveset trisodium mixed with human serum albumin (HSA) can identify sentinel lymph nodes (LNs) draining the prostate on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a canine model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three male canines weighing between 25.7 and 41.3 kg were anesthetized, placed in a 3-T MRI, and a needle was placed transrectally into one side of the prostate using a commercially available intrarectal needle guide. Gadofosveset trisodium premixed with 10% HSA was then administered at doses ranging from 0.1 to 2.5 mL. T1W MRI was performed immediately after injection, and two readers evaluated images for visualization of LNs draining the prostate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intraprostatic injection of 0.2 mL gadofosveset trisodium premixed with HSA identified the draining periprostatic LNs in all cases. Delayed images demonstrated upper echelon nodes in the pelvis and the abdomen. Higher volume injections resulted in excessive periprostatic extravasation, whereas lower volume injections resulted in suboptimal visualization of LNs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We demonstrate that gadofosveset trisodium (premixed with 10% HSA) injected intraprostatically at 0.2 mL visualized LNs draining the prostate. This approach can be readily adapted for clinical applications such as sentinel LN imaging in prostate cancer patients before surgery.
authors: Molecular Imaging Program, NCI, NIH, 10 Center Dr, MSC 1182 Bldg 10, Room B3B85, Bethesda, MD 20892-1088. Electronic address: turkbeyi@mail.nih.gov.
authors: Baris
authors: B
authors: Turkbey
authors: Laboratory of Animal Medicine and Surgery NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland; Laboratory Animal Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. (formerly SAIC-Frederick, Inc.), Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland.
authors: Robert F
authors: RF
authors: Hoyt
authors: Molecular Imaging Program, NCI, NIH, 10 Center Dr, MSC 1182 Bldg 10, Room B3B85, Bethesda, MD 20892-1088; Philips Research North America, Briarcliff Manor, New York.
authors: Harsh K
authors: HK
authors: Agarwal
authors: Molecular Imaging Program, NCI, NIH, 10 Center Dr, MSC 1182 Bldg 10, Room B3B85, Bethesda, MD 20892-1088; Laboratory Animal Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. (formerly SAIC-Frederick, Inc.), Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland.
authors: Marcelino
authors: M
authors: Bernardo
authors: Molecular Imaging Program, NCI, NIH, 10 Center Dr, MSC 1182 Bldg 10, Room B3B85, Bethesda, MD 20892-1088.
authors: Sandeep
authors: S
authors: Sankineni
authors: Molecular Imaging Program, NCI, NIH, 10 Center Dr, MSC 1182 Bldg 10, Room B3B85, Bethesda, MD 20892-1088.
authors: Linda
authors: L
authors: Johnson
authors: Molecular Imaging Program, NCI, NIH, 10 Center Dr, MSC 1182 Bldg 10, Room B3B85, Bethesda, MD 20892-1088.
authors: Kinzya B
authors: KB
authors: Grant
authors: Urologic Oncology Branch, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors: Soroush
authors: S
authors: Rais-Bahrami
authors: Molecular Imaging Program, NCI, NIH, 10 Center Dr, MSC 1182 Bldg 10, Room B3B85, Bethesda, MD 20892-1088.
authors: Hisataka
authors: H
authors: Kobayashi
authors: Center for Interventional Oncology, NCI and Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors: Bradford J
authors: BJ
authors: Wood
authors: Urologic Oncology Branch, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland; Center for Interventional Oncology, NCI and Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors: Peter A
authors: PA
authors: Pinto
authors: Clinical Research Directorate/Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. (formerly SAIC-Frederick, Inc.), Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland.
authors: Gary L
authors: GL
authors: Griffiths
authors: Molecular Imaging Program, NCI, NIH, 10 Center Dr, MSC 1182 Bldg 10, Room B3B85, Bethesda, MD 20892-1088.
authors: Peter L
authors: PL
authors: Choyke
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004285:Dogs; D005682:Gadolinium / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology*; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D012709:Serum Albumin; D005682:Gadolinium; C109932:gadofosveset trisodium
keywords: Gadofosveset trisodium; MRI; human serum albumin; lymph node