title: Human papillomavirus infection and immunohistochemical p16(INK4a) expression as predictors of outcome in penile squamous cell carcinomas.
abstract: Approximately 50% of penile squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) are associated with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection. We evaluated the correlation of p16(INK4a) expression and HR-HPV with clinicopathological features and outcome in a cohort of patients with penile SCC. Two tissue microarrays were constructed from 53 invasive penile SCC at our hospital. p16(INK4a) expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry (CINtec Kit). High-risk human papillomavirus status was assessed by in situ hybridization (INFORM HPV III family 16 probe B cocktail). High-risk human papillomavirus was detected in 8 cases (15%), and p16(INK4a) overexpression was found in 23 cases (44%). Both markers showed a significant association with histologic subtype (P = .017 and P = .01, respectively) and lymphovascular invasion (P = .015 and P = .015, respectively). Regarding outcome analyses, neither HPV infection nor p16(INK4a) overexpression significantly predicted overall survival or cancer-specific survival using Cox proportional hazards regression model. High-risk human papillomavirus positivity and p16(INK4a) overexpression were significantly associated with histologic subtype and presence of lymphovascular invasion. Human papillomavirus status was not predictive of outcome in our cohort.
authors: Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21231.
authors: Stephania M
authors: SM
authors: Bezerra
authors: Norte University, Office of Scientific Research, Asunción, Paraguay 1614.
authors: Alcides
authors: A
authors: Chaux
authors: Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21231.
authors: Mark W
authors: MW
authors: Ball
authors: Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21231.
authors: Sheila F
authors: SF
authors: Faraj
authors: Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21231.
authors: Enrico
authors: E
authors: Munari
authors: Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21231.
authors: Nilda
authors: N
authors: Gonzalez-Roibon
authors: Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21231.
authors: Rajni
authors: R
authors: Sharma
authors: Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21231.
authors: Trinity J
authors: TJ
authors: Bivalacqua
authors: Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21231. Electronic address: aburnet1@jhmi.edu.
authors: Arthur L
authors: AL
authors: Burnett
authors: Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21231; Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21231; Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21231. Electronic address: gnetto1@jhmi.edu.
authors: George J
authors: GJ
authors: Netto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D010412:Penile Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16
keywords: HPV; Immunohistochemistry; In situ hybridization; Penile cancer; Squamous cell carcinoma; p16(INK4a)