title: The combined influence of task accuracy and pace on motor variability in a standardised repetitive precision task.
abstract: Thirty-five healthy women, experienced in pipetting, each performed four pipetting sessions at different pace and accuracy levels relevant to occupational tasks. The size and structure of motor variability of shoulder and elbow joint angles were quantified using cycle-to-cycle standard deviations of several kinematics properties, and indices based on sample entropy and recurrence quantification analysis. Decreasing accuracy demands increased both the size and structure of motor variability. However, when simultaneously lowering the accuracy demand and increasing pace, motor variability decreased to values comparable to those found when pace alone was increased without changing accuracy. Thus, motor variability showed some speed-accuracy trade-off, but the pace effect dominated the accuracy effect. Hence, this trade-off was different from that described for end-point performance by Fitts' law. The combined effect of accuracy and pace and the resultant decrease in motor variability are important to consider when designing sustainable work systems comprising repetitive precision tasks.
  Variability in movements and/or muscle activities between repeats of the same repetitive task is associated with important occupational outcomes, including fatigue, discomfort and pain. This study showed that simultaneously decreasing accuracy and increasing pace in short-cycle repetitive work led to decreased motor variability in arm movements, indicating less favourable ergonomics conditions.
authors: a Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies , Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Gävle , Gävle , Sweden.
authors: Divya
authors: D
authors: Srinivasan
authors: Svend Erik
authors: SE
authors: Mathiassen
authors: Afshin
authors: A
authors: Samani
authors: Pascal
authors: P
authors: Madeleine
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D004551:Elbow Joint / Q000502:physiology; D006804:Ergonomics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009038:Motion; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology*; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000502:physiology; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis
keywords: Fitts' law; cyclic movements; kinematics; linear and nonlinear variability; motor control; speed-accuracy trade-off