title: Corneal neovascularization and contemporary antiangiogenic therapeutics.
abstract: Corneal neovascularization (NV), the excessive ingrowth of blood vessels from conjunctiva into the cornea, is a common sequela of disease insult that can lead to visual impairment. Clinically, topical steroid, argon laser photocoagulation, and subconjunctival injection of bevacizumab have been used to treat corneal NV. Sometimes, the therapies are ineffective, especially when the vessels are large. Large vessels are difficult to occlude and easily recanalized. Scientists and physicians are now dedicated to overcoming this problem. In this article, we briefly introduce the pathogenesis of corneal NV, and then highlight the existing animal models used in corneal NV research-the alkali-induced model and the suture-induced model. Most of all, we review the potential therapeutic targets (i.e., vascular endothelial growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor) and their corresponding inhibitors, as well as the immunosuppressants that have been discovered in recent years by corneal NV studies.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors: Chih-Chien
authors: CC
authors: Hsu
authors: Department of Optics and Photonics, National Central University, Chungli, Taiwan, ROC.
authors: Hua-Ming
authors: HM
authors: Chang
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors: Tai-Chi
authors: TC
authors: Lin
authors: Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Ophthalmology, National Yang-Ming University Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan, ROC.
authors: Kuo-Hsuan
authors: KH
authors: Hung
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors: Ke-Hung
authors: KH
authors: Chien
authors: Department of Optics and Photonics, National Central University, Chungli, Taiwan, ROC.
authors: Szu-Yu
authors: SY
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, ROC; School of Medicine, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
authors: San-Ni
authors: SN
authors: Chen
authors: Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Ophthalmology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Optometry, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC. Electronic address: ciloxan@gmail.com.
authors: Yan-Ting
authors: YT
authors: Chen
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D016510:Corneal Neovascularization / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000502:physiology; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor / Q000502:physiology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
keywords: angiogenesis; antiangiogenesis; corneal neovascularization; immunosuppressant; vascular endothelial growth factor