title: Endophytic fungi from the Amazonian plant Paullinia cupana and from Olea europaea isolated using cassava as an alternative starch media source.
abstract: Endophytic fungi live inside plants, apparently do not cause any harm to their hosts and may play important roles in defense and growth promotion. Fungal growth is a routine practice at microbiological laboratories, and the Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) is the most frequently used medium because it is a rich source of starch. However, the production of potatoes in some regions of the world can be costly. Aiming the development of a new medium source to tropical countries, in the present study, we used leaves from the guarana (a tropical plant from the Amazon region) and the olive (which grows in subtropical and temperate regions) to isolate endophytic fungi using PDA and Manihot Dextrose Agar (MDA). Cassava (Manihot esculenta) was evaluated as a substitute starch source. For guarana, the endophytic incidence (EI) was 90% and 98% on PDA and MDA media, respectively, and 65% and 70% for olive, respectively. The fungal isolates were sequenced using the ITS- rDNA region. The fungal identification demonstrated that the isolates varied according to the host plant and media source. In the guarana plant, 13 fungal genera were found using MDA and six were found using PDA. In the olive plant, six genera were obtained using PDA and 4 were obtained using MDA. The multivariate analysis results demonstrated the highest fungal diversity from guarana when using MDA medium. Interestingly, some genera were isolated from one specific host or in one specific media, suggesting the importance of these two factors in fungal isolation specificity. Thus, this study indicated that cassava is a feasible starch source that could serve as a potential alternative medium to potato medium.
authors: Universidade Federal do Amazonas-UFAM, Avenida Rodrigo Otávio Ramos 3000,Colorado I, Manaus, 69.077-000 AM Brazil.
authors: Eliandra de Freitas
authors: Ede F
authors: Sia
authors: Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Department of Genetics, University of São Paulo, Av. Pádua Dias 11, PO BOX 83, 13400-970 Piracicaba, SP Brazil.
authors: Joelma
authors: J
authors: Marcon
authors: Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Department of Genetics, University of São Paulo, Av. Pádua Dias 11, PO BOX 83, 13400-970 Piracicaba, SP Brazil.
authors: Danice Mazzer
authors: DM
authors: Luvizotto
authors: Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Department of Genetics, University of São Paulo, Av. Pádua Dias 11, PO BOX 83, 13400-970 Piracicaba, SP Brazil.
authors: Maria Carolina
authors: MC
authors: Quecine
authors: Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Department of Genetics, University of São Paulo, Av. Pádua Dias 11, PO BOX 83, 13400-970 Piracicaba, SP Brazil.
authors: Sarina
authors: S
authors: Tsui
authors: Universidade Federal do Amazonas-UFAM, Avenida Rodrigo Otávio Ramos 3000,Colorado I, Manaus, 69.077-000 AM Brazil.
authors: José Odair
authors: JO
authors: Pereira
authors: Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Department of Genetics, University of São Paulo, Av. Pádua Dias 11, PO BOX 83, 13400-970 Piracicaba, SP Brazil.
authors: Aline Aparecida
authors: AA
authors: Pizzirani-Kleiner
authors: Universidade Federal do Amazonas-UFAM, Avenida Rodrigo Otávio Ramos 3000,Colorado I, Manaus, 69.077-000 AM Brazil ; Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Department of Genetics, University of São Paulo, Av. Pádua Dias 11, PO BOX 83, 13400-970 Piracicaba, SP Brazil.
authors: João Lúcio
authors: JL
authors: Azevedo
keywords: Cassava; Guarana; Manihot esculenta; Olive; Potato