title: Microarray-based identification of human antibodies against Staphylococcus aureus antigens.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The mortality rate of patients with Staphylococcus aureus infections is alarming and urgently demands new strategies to attenuate the course of these infections or to detect them at earlier stages.
  
  
  METHODS
  To study the adaptive immune response to S. aureus antigens in healthy human volunteers, a protein microarray containing 44 S. aureus proteins was developed using the ArrayStrip platform technology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Testing plasma samples from 15 S. aureus carriers and 15 noncarriers 21 immunogenic S. aureus antigens have been identified. Seven antigens were recognized by antibodies present in at least 60% of the samples, representing the core S. aureus immunome of healthy individuals. S. aureus-specific serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels were significantly lower in noncarriers than in carriers specifically anti-IsaA, anti-SACOL0479, and anti-SACOL0480 IgGs were found at lower frequencies and quantities. Twenty-two antigens present on the microarray were encoded by all S. aureus carrier isolates. Nevertheless, the immune system of the carriers was responsive to only eight of them and with different intensities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The established protein microarray allows a broad profiling of the S. aureus-specific antibody response and can be used to identify S. aureus antigens that might serve as vaccines or diagnostic markers.
authors: Institut für Mikrobiologie, Universität Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
authors: Peggy
authors: P
authors: Kloppot
authors: Institut für Molekulare Infektionsbiologie, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
authors: Martina
authors: M
authors: Selle
authors: Institut für Mikrobiologie, Universität Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Kohler
authors: Institut für Immunologie und Transfusionsmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
authors: Sebastian
authors: S
authors: Stentzel
authors: Institut für Mikrobiologie, Universität Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
authors: Stephan
authors: S
authors: Fuchs
authors: Institut für Mathematik und Informatik, Universität Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
authors: Volkmar
authors: V
authors: Liebscher
authors: Alere Technologies GmbH Jena, Jena, Germany.
authors: Elke
authors: E
authors: Müller
authors: Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster, Germany.
authors: Devika
authors: D
authors: Kale
authors: Institut für Molekulare Infektionsbiologie, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
authors: Knut
authors: K
authors: Ohlsen
authors: Institut für Immunologie und Transfusionsmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
authors: Barbara M
authors: BM
authors: Bröker
authors: Infektionsbiologie, Hans-Knöll-Institut Jena, Münster, Germany.|Friedrich Schiller Universität, Jena, Germany.
authors: Peter F
authors: PF
authors: Zipfel
authors: Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster, Germany.
authors: Barbara C
authors: BC
authors: Kahl
authors: Alere Technologies GmbH Jena, Jena, Germany.
authors: Ralf
authors: R
authors: Ehricht
authors: Institut für Mikrobiologie, Universität Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Hecker
authors: Institut für Mikrobiologie, Universität Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.|Institut für Mikrobiologie, TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.|Mikrobielle Proteomik, Helmholtzzentrum für Infektionsforschung, Braunschweig, Germany.
authors: Susanne
authors: S
authors: Engelmann
mesh_terms: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology*; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology*; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D056724:Immunity, Humoral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000276:immunology; D040081:Protein Array Analysis; D013045:Species Specificity; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D007074:Immunoglobulin G
keywords: Humoral immunity; Protein microarray; Staphylococcus aureus; Vaccines