title: Protective effects of shikonin on brain injury induced by carbon ion beam irradiation in mice.
abstract: Radiation encephalopathy is the main complication of cranial radiotherapy. It can cause necrosis of brain tissue and cognitive dysfunction. Our previous work had proved that a natural antioxidant shikonin possessed protective effect on cerebral ischemic injury. Here we investigated the effects of shikonin on carbon ion beam induced radiation brain injury in mice. Pretreatment with shikonin significantly increased the SOD and CAT activities and the ratio of GSH/GSSG in mouse brain tissues compared with irradiated group (P<0.01), while obviously reduced the MDA and PCO contents and the ROS levels derived from of the brain mitochondria. The shikonin also noticeably improved the spatial memory deficits caused by carbon ion beam irradiation. All results demonstrated that shikonin could improve the irradiated brain injury which might resulted from its modulation effects on the oxidative stress induced by the 12C6+ ion beam.
authors.affiliation: Department of Heavy Ion Irradiation Medical, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gan
authors.affiliation: Life Science School, Yantai University, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Zhen Hua
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Heavy Ion Irradiation Medical, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Heavy Ion Irradiation Medical, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Heavy Ion Irradiation Medical, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Heavy Ion Irradiation Medical, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Heavy Ion Irradiation Medical, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Si
authors.affiliation: Department of Heavy Ion Irradiation Medical, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China.
authors.forename: Yuan Yuan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School/Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China.
authors.forename: Zhen Guo
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D063193:Heavy Ion Radiotherapy; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009285:Naphthoquinones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050050:Protein Carbonylation; D011833:Radiation Injuries, Experimental / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D009285:Naphthoquinones; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents; C016101:shikonin; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase