title: Injury trends in rock climbers: evaluation of a case series of 911 injuries between 2009 and 2012.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Rock climbing is a widely performed sport. This prospective single-institution study evaluated the demographics of climbing-related injuries to improve our comprehension of current injury characteristics.
  
  
  METHODS
  During a 4-year period, 836 patients with a total of 911 independent climbing injuries were prospectively evaluated using a standard questionnaire and examination protocol.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of all injuries, 833 were on the upper extremities, 58 on the lower. Seventeen injuries were Union International des Associations d'Alpinisme (UIAA) grade 1 injuries, 881 were grade 2, and 13 were grade 3. No higher UIAA graded injuries occurred. Overall, 380 were acute injuries (359 were seen in clinic, 21 were seen through the emergency department), and 531 were overstrain injuries (all seen in clinic). Finger injuries accounted for 52% of all injuries, the shoulder being the second most frequent location. Pulley injuries were the most frequent finger injuries. Of 20 injured young climbers under the age of 15 years, 14 had an epiphyseal fracture (all epiphyseal fractures: mean age 14 years, range 12 to 15 years). Male climbers were significantly older (P < .05), had more climbing years (P < .05), and were climbing at a higher climbing level (P < .01). Older, more experienced climbers had significantly more overstrain injuries than acute injuries (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When comparing this study with our previous study from 1998 to 2001, there are some notable differences. Although pulley injuries are still the most common climbing injury, there are now more A4 pulley injuries than A2. Shoulder injuries are becoming more common, as are epiphyseal fractures among young climbers. It is important to understand current patterns of climbing injuries so that health providers can target interventions appropriately.
authors.affiliation: Department of Sports Medicine-Sports Orthopedics, Klinikum Bamberg, Bamberg, Germany (Drs V. Schöffl and Popp); Department of Trauma Surgery, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany (Dr V Schöffl). Electronic address: volker.schoeffl@me.com.
authors.forename: Volker
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Schöffl
authors.affiliation: Department of Sports Medicine-Sports Orthopedics, Klinikum Bamberg, Bamberg, Germany (Drs V. Schöffl and Popp).
authors.forename: Dominik
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Popp
authors.affiliation: Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine, RWTH Aachen Technical University, Aachen, Germany (Dr Küpper).
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Küpper
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Klinikum Bamberg, Bamberg, Germany (Dr I Schöffl).
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Schöffl
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000145:classification / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D002648:Child; D003710:Demography; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009051:Mountaineering / Q000293:injuries* / Q000639:trends; D011446:Prospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: finger injuries; mountaineering; pulley injury; rock climbing; sport climbing; sports injuries