title: The compatibility of inactivated-Enterovirus 71 vaccination with Coxsackievirus A16 and Poliovirus immunizations in humans and animals.
abstract: Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is the key pathogen for Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD) and can result in severe neurological complications and death among young children. Three inactivated-EV71 vaccines have gone through phase III clinical trials and have demonstrated good safety and efficacy. These vaccines will benefit young children under the threat of severe HFMD. However, the potential immunization-related compatibility for different enterovirus vaccines remains unclear, making it hard to include the EV71 vaccine in Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI). Here, we measured the neutralizing antibodies (NTAbs) against EV71, Coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) and Poliovirus from infants enrolled in those EV71 vaccine clinical trials. The results indicated that the levels of NTAb GMTs for EV71 increased significantly in all 3 vaccine groups (high, middle and low dosages, respectively) post-vaccination. Seroconversion ratios and Geometric mean fold increase were significantly higher in the vaccine groups (≥ 7/9 and 8.9 ～ 228.1) than in the placebo group (≤ 1/10 and 0.8 ～ 1.7, P < 0.05). But no similar NTAb response trends were found in CA16 and 3 types of Poliovirus. The decrease of 3 types of Poliovirus NTAb GMTs and an increase of CA16 GMTs post-EV71-vaccination were found in vaccine and placebo groups. Further animal study on CA16 and poliovirus vaccine co-immunization or pre-immunization with EV71 vaccine in mice indicated that there was no NTAb cross-activity between EV71 and CA16/Poliovirus. Our research showed that inactivated-EV71 vaccine has good specific-neutralizing capacity and can be included in EPI.
authors.affiliation: a National Institutes for Food and Drug Control ; Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Qunying
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: a National Institutes for Food and Drug Control ; Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Yiping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: a National Institutes for Food and Drug Control ; Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: a National Institutes for Food and Drug Control ; Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Zhifang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ying
authors.affiliation: a National Institutes for Food and Drug Control ; Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: a National Institutes for Food and Drug Control ; Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: a National Institutes for Food and Drug Control ; Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Changgui
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: a National Institutes for Food and Drug Control ; Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: a National Institutes for Food and Drug Control ; Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Miao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: b The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region ; Nanning , China.
authors.forename: Rongcheng
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: c Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention ; Nanjing , China.
authors.forename: Fengcai
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: a National Institutes for Food and Drug Control ; Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Zhenglun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing / Q000097:blood; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004770:Enterovirus / Q000276:immunology; D029821:Enterovirus A, Human / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006232:Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D007115:Immunization Schedule; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008875:Middle Aged; D010919:Placebos / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011051:Poliomyelitis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017955:Poliovirus / Q000276:immunology; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D010919:Placebos; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated; D014765:Viral Vaccines
keywords: and mouth disease (HFMD); coxsackievirus A16 (CA16); enterovirus 71 (EV71); foot; hand; neutralizing antibody (NTAb); poliovirus; vaccine