title: Hollow-fiber flow field-flow fractionation and multi-angle light scattering investigation of the size, shape and metal-release of silver nanoparticles in aqueous medium for nano-risk assessment.
abstract: Due to the increased use of silver nanoparticles in industrial scale manufacturing, consumer products and nanomedicine reliable measurements of properties such as the size, shape and distribution of these nano particles in aqueous medium is critical. These properties indeed affect both functional properties and biological impacts especially in quantifying associated risks and identifying suitable risk-mediation strategies. The feasibility of on-line coupling of a fractionation technique such as hollow-fiber flow field flow fractionation (HF5) with a light scattering technique such as MALS (multi-angle light scattering) is investigated here for this purpose. Data obtained from such a fractionation technique and its combination thereof with MALS have been compared with those from more conventional but often complementary techniques e.g. transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, atomic absorption spectroscopy, and X-ray fluorescence. The combination of fractionation and multi angle light scattering techniques have been found to offer an ideal, hyphenated methodology for a simultaneous size-separation and characterization of silver nanoparticles. The hydrodynamic radii determined by fractionation techniques can be conveniently correlated to the mean average diameters determined by multi angle light scattering and reliable information on particle morphology in aqueous dispersion has been obtained. The ability to separate silver (Ag(+)) ions from silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) via membrane filtration during size analysis is an added advantage in obtaining quantitative insights to its risk potential. Most importantly, the methodology developed in this article can potentially be extended to similar characterization of metal-based nanoparticles when studying their functional effectiveness and hazard potential.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Marassi
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Casolari
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy; byFlow Srl, Via Caduti della Via Fani 11/b, 40127 Bologna, Italy. Electronic address: barbara.roda@unibo.it.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Roda
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy; byFlow Srl, Via Caduti della Via Fani 11/b, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zattoni
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy; byFlow Srl, Via Caduti della Via Fani 11/b, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Pierluigi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Reschiglian
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Panzavolta
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics & Energy, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
authors.forename: Syed A M
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Tofail
authors.affiliation: Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics (CNR-ISTEC), National Research Council of Italy, Via Granarolo 64, 48018 Faenza, RA, Italy.
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ortelli
authors.affiliation: Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics (CNR-ISTEC), National Research Council of Italy, Via Granarolo 64, 48018 Faenza, RA, Italy.
authors.forename: Camilla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Delpivo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics (CNR-ISTEC), National Research Council of Italy, Via Granarolo 64, 48018 Faenza, RA, Italy.
authors.forename: Magda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blosi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics (CNR-ISTEC), National Research Council of Italy, Via Granarolo 64, 48018 Faenza, RA, Italy.
authors.forename: Anna Luisa
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Costa
mesh_terms: D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000379:methods; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005374:Filtration / Q000379:methods; D008027:Light; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D014867:Water; D012834:Silver
keywords: Ag nanoparticles in nanomedicine; HF5 for nanorisk assessment; HF5 metal release analysis of AgNPs; HF5 morphological of metal nanoparticles; HF5-MALS of metal nanoparticles