title: Effect of partial covering of the visitor viewing area window on positioning and orientation of zoo orangutans: A preference test.
abstract: The window of the visitor viewing area adjacent to an animal platform in an orangutan enclosure was altered to produce three viewing treatments in a randomized controlled experiment. These treatments were window uncovered, left side of the window covered or right side of the window covered. Observations were conducted on the orangutans present on the platform, and on their location (left or right side), and orientation (towards or away from the window) while on the platform. The partial covering of the window had little effect on the proportion of time orangutans spent on the viewing platform, or on the direction they faced when on the platform. When the orangutans were facing towards the window, and the right side was uncovered, irrespective of whether the left side was covered, they spent about three quarters of the time on the right side, suggesting a preference for the right side of the platform. However, when the right side was covered and the left side uncovered, the animals facing towards the window spent only about a quarter of the time on the right side, that is, they spent more time on the uncovered side. The results suggest that the orangutans have a preference to position themselves to face the window of the visitor viewing area.
authors.affiliation: Animal Welfare Science Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Rachel C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Bloomfield
authors.affiliation: Zoos Victoria, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Graeme R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Gillespie
authors.affiliation: Animal Welfare Science Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Keven J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Kerswell
authors.affiliation: Animal Welfare Science Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.|Department of Primary Industries (Victoria), Biometrics Group, Hamilton, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Kym L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Butler
authors.affiliation: Animal Welfare Science Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Paul H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Hemsworth
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000836:Animals, Zoo / Q000502:physiology*; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006799:Housing, Animal / Q000592:standards*; D008297:Male; D057079:Pongo / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: human-animal interactions; orangutans; preference; zoo visitors