title: Magnesium-containing mixed coatings on zirconia for dental implants: mechanical characterization and in vitro behavior.
abstract: An important challenge in the field of dental and orthopedic implantology is the preparation of implant coatings with bioactive functions that feature a high mechanical stability and at the same time mimic structural and compositional properties of native bone for a better bone ingrowth. This study investigates the influence of magnesium addition to zirconia-calcium phosphate coatings. The mixed coatings were prepared with varying additions of either magnesium oxide or magnesium fluoride to yttria-stabilized zirconia and hydroxyapatite. The coatings were deposited on zirconia discs and screw implants by wet powder spraying. Microstructure studies confirm a porous coating with similar roughness and firm adhesion not hampered by the coating composition. The coating morphology, mechanical flexural strength and calcium dissolution showed a magnesium content-dependent effect. Moreover, the in vitro results obtained with human osteoblasts reveal an improved biological performance caused by the presence of Mg(2+) ions. The magnesium-containing coatings exhibited better cell proliferation and differentiation in comparison to pure zirconia-calcium phosphate coatings. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that magnesium addition increases the bioactivity potential of zirconia-calcium phosphate coatings and is thus a highly suitable candidate for bone implant coatings.
authors.affiliation: University of Bremen, Advanced Ceramics, Germany.
authors.forename: Karoline
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pardun
authors.affiliation: University of Bremen, Advanced Ceramics, Germany treccani@uni-bremen.de.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Treccani
authors.affiliation: University of Bremen, Advanced Ceramics, Germany.
authors.forename: Eike
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Volkmann
authors.affiliation: University Hospital, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Department of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Germany.
authors.forename: Philipp
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Streckbein
authors.affiliation: University Hospital of Giessen-Marburg, Department of Trauma Surgery, Germany Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Germany.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Heiss
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute of Surface Modification, Germany.
authors.forename: Juergen W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Gerlach
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute of Surface Modification, Germany.
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maendl
authors.affiliation: University of Bremen, Advanced Ceramics, Germany.
authors.forename: Kurosch
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rezwan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D002417:Cattle; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry*; D015921:Dental Implants; D006801:Humans; D008274:Magnesium / Q000737:chemistry*; D008422:Materials Testing; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology; D012995:Solubility; D013499:Surface Properties; D015040:Zirconium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D015921:Dental Implants; C020243:calcium phosphate; D015040:Zirconium; D008274:Magnesium; C028541:zirconium oxide
keywords: Zirconia; bioactivity; calcium phosphate; implant coating; magnesium