title: Distribution of saphenous vein valves and its practical importance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Among the veins used as a graft in myocardial revascularizations and ends, great saphenous vein is the most used. Knowing the presence and location of valves has great importance when evaluating the surgical anatomy of the great saphenous vein. Despite major surgical application and many works involving great saphenous vein, the number of valves present in it from the saphenous hiatus to the medial epicondyle of the femur is still described inaccurately. The objective of this study is to quantify the valves of the great saphenous vein from the saphenous hiatus to the medial epicondyle of the femur to determine the best portion of the great saphenous vein to perform revascularization surgeries.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a cross sectional observational study in which it was analyzed great saphenous vein extracted from 30 cadavers. It was measured the length of the veins; (diameter) at its proximal, middle and distal, quantifying the number of valves in each one and the total number of valves at the great saphenous vein.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequency of valves in the great saphenous vein taken from the medial epicondyle of the femur to the saphenous hiatus was 4.82, ranging between 2 and 9. Moreover, there is a significant difference in the number of valves in the proximal and distal relative to the average.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  the median and distal portions of the saphenous vein in the thigh, are the best options for the realization of bridges due to the fact that these portions have fewer valves which therefore would tend to decrease the risk of complications connected with the valves in these grafts.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual de Ciências da Saúde de Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil.
authors.forename: Isabella Batista Martins
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Portugal
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual de Ciências da Saúde de Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil.
authors.forename: Igor de Lima
authors.initials: Ide L
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual de Ciências da Saúde de Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil.
authors.forename: Célio Fernando de
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Sousa-Rodrigues
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual de Ciências da Saúde de Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rodrigo Freitas
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Monte-Bispo
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual de Ciências da Saúde de Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil.
authors.forename: Amauri Clemente da
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Rocha
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002102:Cadaver; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000379:methods; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D012501:Saphenous Vein / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D012737:Sex Factors; D055422:Venous Valves / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D055815:Young Adult