title: Immunological features of the non-structural proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus.
abstract: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is currently one of the most important viruses affecting the swine industry worldwide. Despite the large number of papers published each year, the participation of non-structural proteins (nsps) in the immune response is not completely clear. nsps have been involved in the host innate immune response, specifically, nsp1α/β, nsp2, nsp4 and nsp11 have been associated with the immunomodulation capability of the virus. To date, only participation by nsp1, nsp2, nsp4 and nsp7 in the humoral immune response has been reported, with the role of other nsps being overlooked. Furthermore, nsp1, nsp2, nsp5, nsp7 nsp9, nsp10, nsp11 have been implicated in the induction of IFN-γ and probably in the development of the cell-mediated immune response. This review discusses recent reports involving the participation of nsps in the modulation of the innate immune response and their role in the induction of both the humoral and cellular immune responses.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C (CIAD) Carretera a la Victoria Km 0.6, C.P. 83304 Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico. erascon83@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Edgar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rascón-Castelo
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C (CIAD) Carretera a la Victoria Km 0.6, C.P. 83304 Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico. alexel.burgara@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Alexel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Burgara-Estrella
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), UAB-IRTA, Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain. enric.mateu@uab.cat.|Departament de Sanitat i d'Anatomia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain. enric.mateu@uab.cat.
authors.forename: Enric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mateu
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C (CIAD) Carretera a la Victoria Km 0.6, C.P. 83304 Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico. jhdez@ciad.mx.
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hernández
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D056747:Immunomodulation; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D019316:Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus / Q000276:immunology*; D013552:Swine; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins; D007371:Interferon-gamma