title: Utilization of reverse osmosis (RO) for reuse of MBR-treated wastewater in irrigation-preliminary tests and quality analysis of product water.
abstract: Membrane bioreactor (MBR) effluent collected from a wastewater treatment plant installed at an industrial zone was used for reverse osmosis (RO) membrane tests in the laboratory. For this, two different GE Osmonics RO membranes (AK-BWRO and AD-SWRO) were employed. The results showed that AK-brackish water reverse osmosis (AK-BWRO) and AD-seawater reverse osmosis (AD-SWRO) membranes have almost similar rejection performances regarding analyzed parameters such as conductivity, salinity, color, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total organic carbon (TOC). On the other hand, these membranes behaved quite differently considering their permeate water flux at the same applied pressure of 10 bar. AD-SWRO membrane was also tested at 20 bar. The results revealed that AD-SWRO membrane had almost the same rejections either at 10 or at 20 bar of applied pressure. Compared with irrigation water standards, AK-BWRO and AD-SWRO gave an effluent with low salinity value and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) which makes it unsuitable for irrigation due to the infiltration problems risi0ng from unbalanced values of salinity and SAR. Combination of MBR effluent and RO effluent at respective proportions of 0.3:0.7 and 0.4:0.6 for AK-BWRO and AD-SWRO, respectively, are the optimum mixing ratios to overcome the infiltration hazard problem. Choice of less-sensitive crops to chloride and sodium ions is another strategy to overcome all hazards which may arise from above suggested mixing proportions.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.|Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Burundi, Bujumbura, Burundi.
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bunani
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Eren
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yörükoğlu
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Fisheries, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Gökhan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sert
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey. nalan.kabay@ege.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Nalan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kabay
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ümran
authors.initials: Ü
authors.lastname: Yüksel
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mithat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yüksel
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Fisheries, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Özdemir
authors.initials: Ö
authors.lastname: Egemen
authors.affiliation: ITOB-OSB, Tekeli-Menderes, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Taylan Özgür
authors.initials: TÖ
authors.lastname: Pek
mesh_terms: D057914:Agricultural Irrigation / Q000379:methods*; D019149:Bioreactors; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D009995:Osmosis; D000068357:Saline Waters / Q000032:analysis; D054712:Salinity; D012623:Seawater / Q000032:analysis; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid; D062065:Wastewater / Q000032:analysis*; D018508:Water Purification; D060753:Water Quality
chemical_list: D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D062065:Wastewater
keywords: Agricultural irrigation; Membrane technology; Reverse osmosis; Wastewater; Water reuse