title: Combined cancer photothermal-chemotherapy based on doxorubicin/gold nanorod-loaded polymersomes.
abstract: Gold nanorods (GNRs) are well known in photothermal therapy based on near-infrared (NIR) laser absorption of the longitudinal plasmon band. Herein, we developed an effective stimulus system -- GNRs and doxorubicin co-loaded polymersomes (P-GNRs-DOX) -- to facilitate co-therapy of photothermal and chemotherapy. DOX can be triggered to release once the polymersomes are corrupted under local hyperthermic condition of GNRs induced by NIR laser irradiation. Also, the cytotoxicity of GNRs caused by the residual cetyltrimethylacmmonium bromide (CTAB) was reduced by shielding the polymersomes. The GNRs-loaded polymersomes (P-GNRs) can be efficiently taken up by the tumor cells. The distribution of the nanomaterial was imaged by IR-820 and quantitatively analyzed by ICP-AES. We studied the ablation of tumor cells in vitro and in vivo, and found that co-therapy offers significantly improved therapeutic efficacy (tumors were eliminated without regrowth.) compared with chemotherapy or photothermal therapy alone. By TUNEL immunofluorescent staining of tumors after NIR laser irradiation, we found that the co-therapy showed more apoptotic tumor cells than the other groups. Furthermore, the toxicity study by pathologic examination of the heart tissues demonstrated a lower systematic toxicity of P-GNRs-DOX than free DOX. Thus, the chemo-photothermal treatment based on polymersomes loaded with DOX and GNRs is a useful strategy for maximizing the therapeutic efficacy and minimizing the dosage-related side effects in the treatment of solid tumors.
authors.affiliation: 1. State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China.
authors.forename: JinFeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: 1. State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China.
authors.forename: WenTing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: 1. State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China.
authors.forename: JinRong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: 1. State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: 2. School of Medical and Life Sciences, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China.
authors.forename: He
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: 1. State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China.
authors.forename: YuQuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: 3. School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
authors.forename: XiaoNing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: 1. State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China.
authors.forename: ZhiYong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Qian
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000633:toxicity; D004358:Drug Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D006046:Gold / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D043942:Nanotubes / Q000633:toxicity; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D010789:Phototherapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D006046:Gold; D004317:Doxorubicin
keywords: NIR; chemotherapy.; gold nanorod; photothermal therapy; polymersomes