title: Functional connectivity during rested wakefulness predicts vulnerability to sleep deprivation.
abstract: Significant inter-individual differences in vigilance decline following sleep deprivation exist. We characterized functional connectivity in 68 healthy young adult participants in rested wakefulness and following a night of total sleep deprivation. After whole brain signal regression, functionally connected cortical networks during the well-rested state exhibited reduced correlation following sleep deprivation, suggesting that highly integrated brain regions become less integrated during sleep deprivation. In contrast, anti-correlations in the well-rested state became less so following sleep deprivation, suggesting that highly segregated networks become less segregated during sleep deprivation. Subjects more resilient to vigilance decline following sleep deprivation showed stronger anti-correlations among several networks. The weaker anti-correlations overlapped with connectivity alterations following sleep deprivation. Resilient individuals thus evidence clearer separation of highly segregated cortical networks in the well-rested state. In contrast to corticocortical connectivity, subcortical-cortical connectivity was comparable across resilient and vulnerable groups despite prominent state-related changes in both groups. Because sleep deprivation results in a significant elevation of whole brain signal amplitude, the aforesaid signal changes and group contrasts may be masked in analyses omitting their regression, suggesting possible value in regressing whole brain signal in certain experimental contexts.
authors.affiliation: Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Neuroscience & Behavioral Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore; Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Clinical Imaging Research Center & Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: B T Thomas
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Yeo
authors.affiliation: Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Neuroscience & Behavioral Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore.
authors.forename: Jesisca
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tandi
authors.affiliation: Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Neuroscience & Behavioral Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore. Electronic address: michael.chee@duke-nus.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Michael W L
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Chee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001143:Arousal / Q000502:physiology*; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D059907:Functional Neuroimaging / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000502:physiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014851:Wakefulness / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Attention networks; Default network; Predictive marker of sleep deprivation vulnerability; Resting-state fMRI; Whole brain signal