title: Nocturia in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia: evaluating the significance of ageing, co-morbid illnesses, lifestyle and medical therapy in treatment outcome in real life practice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of study was to evaluate the influence of ageing, lifestyle, and co morbid illnesses on treatment outcome of nocturia among men with BPH.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with BPH on medical therapy of least 6 months and up to 48 months were interviewed. Nocturia episodes, co morbid illnesses, beverage intake frequency, medications and work history were documented. Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), prostate volume, and prostate specific antigen (PSA) were recorded. Treatment failure is defined as persistent nocturia despite on medical therapy for BPH.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 156 patients, the prevalence of nocturia was 96.7% while nocturia of 2 or more was 85.9%. Factors associated with treatment failure was older age (p < 0.01), usage of diuretics (p = 0.03), and antimuscarinics (p < 0.01), while active working status (p < 0.01), use of desmopression (p = 0.01), and increased coffee intake (p = 0.02) were associated with nocturia improvement. Co-morbid illnesses, obesity, WC, alcohol intake, PSA, prostate volume, and use of BPH medical therapy did not influence treatment outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Advancing age has a significance negative outcome on nocturia treatment, while standard BPH medical therapy and co morbid illnesses have an insignificant impact. However, alleviation of bothersome symptoms is possible with the understanding of its patho-physiology and individual-based approach to treatment and expected outcome.
authors.affiliation: Urology Unit, Department of Surgery and.
authors.forename: Praveen
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Singam
authors.forename: Goh Eng
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: Tan Guan
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Hee
authors.forename: Hafidzul
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jasman
authors.forename: Fam Xeng
authors.initials: FX
authors.lastname: Inn
authors.forename: Badrulhisham
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bahadzor
authors.forename: Azmi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tamil
authors.forename: Zulkifli
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zainuddin
mesh_terms: D058891:5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D050034:Antidiuretic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001824:Body Constitution; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003894:Deamino Arginine Vasopressin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D053158:Nocturia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D058891:5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors; D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; D050034:Antidiuretic Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; D003894:Deamino Arginine Vasopressin
keywords: Malaysia; nocturia; prevalence; prostate