title: Postoral glucose sensing, not caloric content, determines sugar reward in C57BL/6J mice.
abstract: Recent studies suggest that because of their energy value, sugars are more rewarding than non-caloric sweeteners. However, intragastric infusion data indicate that sugars differ in their postoral appetite-stimulating effects. We therefore compared the preference for isocaloric 8% sucrose, glucose, and fructose solutions with that of a non-caloric sweetener solution (0.8% sucralose) in C57BL/6J mice. Brief 2-bottle tests indicated that sucralose was isopreferred to sucrose but more preferred than glucose or fructose. Yet, in long-term tests, the mice preferred sucrose and glucose, but not fructose to sucralose. Additional experiments were conducted with a non-caloric 0.1% sucralose + 0.1% saccharin mixture (S + S), which does not have the postoral inhibitory effects of 0.8% sucralose. The S + S was preferred to fructose in brief and long-term choice tests. S + S was also preferred to glucose and sucrose in brief tests, but the sugars were preferred in long-term tests. In progressive ratio tests, non-deprived and food-deprived mice licked more for glucose but not fructose than for S + S. These findings demonstrate that the nutrient-specific postoral actions, not calories per se, determine the avidity for sugar versus non-caloric sweeteners. Furthermore, sweet taste intensity and potential postoral inhibitory actions must be considered in comparing non-caloric and caloric sweeteners.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Brooklyn College of CUNY, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11210, USA asclafani@gc.cuny.edu.
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sclafani
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Brooklyn College of CUNY, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11210, USA.
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zukerman
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Brooklyn College of CUNY, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11210, USA.
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ackroff
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D002755:Choice Behavior / Q000502:physiology; D002149:Energy Intake; D005508:Food Deprivation; D005518:Food Preferences / Q000502:physiology*; D005632:Fructose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000502:physiology; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D012201:Reward; D012439:Saccharin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D013395:Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D013549:Sweetening Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D013649:Taste / Q000502:physiology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D013549:Sweetening Agents; D005632:Fructose; D013395:Sucrose; C026285:trichlorosucrose; D012439:Saccharin; D005947:Glucose
keywords: fructose; postoral conditioning; progressive ratio test; sucralose; sucrose