title: Arterial embolization of massive hepatocellular carcinoma with lipiodol and gelatin sponge.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) has been used to treat unresectable massive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Lots of embolic agents have been applied in embolization because of it can decrease patient discomfort and side-effects.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of TACE with lipiodol and gelatin sponge.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 109 patients with massive HCC (the size of tumor >10 cm and unresectable) from January 2011 to August 2014 in our institution was divided into group A and group B based on the different embolitic agents. Before and about 1-month after each case of TACE, clinical and biological data such as tumor size, Child-Pugh stage, serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), complications, were recorded at the same time.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In group A, the diameter of the tumor reduced from 12.57 ± 1.26 cm to 9.04 ± 0.89 cm. No patient was complete response (CR), partial response (PR) 36, stable disease (SD) 7 and PD 6; in group B, the diameter of tumor decreased from 12.08 ± 1.42 cm to 8.43 ± 1.05 cm, CR 0, but PR 27, SD 18 and PD 15. RR in group A was significantly higher than in group B (P < 0.05).The change of Child-Pugh stage and AFP pre- and post-operative in group A can be found significantly better than in group B.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TACE with lipiodol and gelatin sponge is a highly effective for massive HCC.
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: X D
authors.initials: XD
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D004998:Ethiodized Oil / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005780:Gelatin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006499:Hepatic Artery; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins; D004998:Ethiodized Oil; D005780:Gelatin