title: What's new with common, uncommon and rare rashes in childhood.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Children with rashes account for many of the outpatient visits to a general pediatrician. As such, pediatricians are often the first to identify and treat these rashes. Establishing an approach to common, uncommon and rare pediatric rashes assists in accurate assessment. This review highlights newly identified clinical patterns and disease severity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Group A β-hemolytic streptococci (GABHS) have been shown to be an important cause of intertrigo and to cause more widespread disease in some instances. Superficial skin infections with GABHS have been associated with strains secreting exfoliating toxins, whereas deeper infections have been associated with superantigen toxins. Hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) outbreaks have occurred with more virulent strains, causing more widespread disease that may be confused with eczema herpeticum or varicella. Mycoplasma pneumoniae has been shown to be an important cause of common disorders such as urticaria, and less common disorders such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome and Mycoplasma-associated mucositis. Recurrent toxin-mediated erythema is a recently described entity that must be differentiated from Kawasaki disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The number of rashes acquired in childhood is vast, requiring the pediatrician to be able to identify worrisome rashes from those with a more benign course. Key clinical signs may assist in clinical diagnosis and treatment.
authors.affiliation: aGeisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire bUniversity of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.
authors.forename: James G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Dinulos
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003875:Drug Eruptions; D004892:Erythema Multiforme / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D009080:Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D009177:Mycoplasma pneumoniae / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D011019:Pneumonia, Mycoplasma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013262:Stevens-Johnson Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents