title: Hard carbon originated from polyvinyl chloride nanofibers as high-performance anode material for Na-ion battery.
abstract: Two types of hard carbon materials were synthesized through direct pyrolysis of commercial polyvinyl chloride (PVC) particles and pyrolysis of PVC nanofibers at 600-800 °C, respectively, where the nanofibers were prepared by an electrospinning PVC precursors method. These as-prepared hard carbon samples were used as anode materials for Na-ion batteries. The hard carbon obtained from PVC nanofibers achieved a high reversible capacity of 271 mAh/g and an initial Coulombic efficiency of 69.9%, which were much superior to the one from commercial PVC, namely, a reversible capacity of 206 mAh/g and an initial Coulombic efficiency of 60.9%. In addition, the hard carbon originated from the PVC nanofibers exhibited good cycling stability and rate performance: the initial discharge capacities were 389, 228, 194, 178, 147 mAh/g at the current density of 12, 24, 60, 120, and 240 mA/g, respectively, retaining 211 mAh/g after 150 cycles. Such excellent cycle performance, high reversible capacity, and good rate capability enabled this hard carbon to be a promising candidate as anode material for Na-ion battery application.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering annd Environment, Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chuan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yuanchang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Khalil
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Amine
keywords: Na-ion battery; electrospinning; hard carbon; polyvinyl chloride nanofiber