title: Preconditioning with mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids and low-intensity electrical stimulation. Effects on skin repair in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of preconditioning with oils mixes containing ω3/ω6/ω9 associated with micro-currents on skin repair in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  One-hundred and eight Wistar rats randomized into G-1, G-2 and G-3 groups were treated with saline (0.9%), mix 1 (corn+soybean oils) and mix 2 (olive+canola+flaxseed oils), respectively, in a single dose (0.01ml/g) by gavage. Next, each group was subdivided into sham and stimulated subgroups. Pulsed-wave microcurrents (0.5 µA, 0.5 Hz) were applied to stimulated subgroups for 20 min. One hour later anesthetized rats were subjected to surgery. A dorsal incision (6 cm long) was carried out and closed with interrupted nylon sutures. Samples (1 cm2) were harvested from the mid-portion of the incision on the 7, 14, 21 post-operative (P.O.) days. Variables were analyzed using Mann-Whitney/Dunn tests Significance level was set to 5 % (p<0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Micro-currents promoted increase of exudate and reduction of epithelialization on day 7 in G1 rats. Mixes 1/2 reduced vascularization on 7/14th days P.O. Both 1/2 mixes reduced fibrosis on day 14. Preconditioning with mix 1 led to increased expression of NF-kB on the 7th day.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preconditioning with microcurrents has pro-inflammatory effects while oil mixes 1 and 2 decrease fibrosis and vascularization in the proliferative phase of cicatrization.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Surgery, Department of Surgery, UFC, Ceara, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria dos Prazeres Carneiro
authors.initials: Mdos P
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.affiliation: Nursing School, UFC, Ceara, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andréa de Oliveira
authors.initials: Ade O
authors.lastname: Albuquerque
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, UFC, Ceara, Brazil.
authors.forename: Virginia Claudia Carneiro
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Girão
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, UFC, Ceara, Brazil.
authors.forename: Margarida Maria de Lima
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Pompeu
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, UFC, Ceara, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cícero Igor Simões Moura
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Ontogeny and Nutrition of Tissue Healing, Institute of Biomedicine of the Brazilian Semi Arid, UFC, Ceara, Brazil.
authors.forename: Orleâncio Gomes Ritardo de
authors.initials: OG
authors.lastname: Azevedo
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Surgical Research Laboratory, UFC, Ceara, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sergio Botelho
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Guimarães
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Surgery, Department of Surgery, UFC, Ceara, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo Roberto Leitão de
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Vasconcelos
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005355:Fibrosis / Q000473:pathology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D011897:Random Allocation; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012867:Skin / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated