title: Can reverse shoulder arthroplasty in post-traumatic revision surgery restore the ability to perform activities of daily living?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Failed shoulder arthroplasty and failed internal fixation in fractures of the proximal humerus can benefit from implantation of a reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RSA). While there is some evidence that RSA can improve function regarding range of motion (ROM), pain, satisfaction, and strength, there is sparse data how this translates into activities of daily living (ADLs). A marker-based 3D video motion analysis system has recently been designed that can measure changes of ROM in dynamic movements in every plane. The hypothesis was that a gain of maximum ROM also translates into the ability to perform ADLs and into a significant increase of ROM in ADLs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six consecutive patients (5 women, 1 man; 2× failed arthroplasty, 4× failed open reduction and internal fixation) who received RSA were examined the day before and 1 year after shoulder replacement. A 3D motion analysis system using a novel upper extremity model measured active maximum values and ROM in four ADLs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Comparing the pre- to the 1-year postoperative status, RSA resulted in a significant increase in mean maximum values for active flexion (humerus to thorax) of 37° (S.D. ±23°), from 50 to 87° [P=0.005], and for active abduction averaging of 17° (S.D. ±13°), from 52 to 69° [P=0.027]. The extension decreased significantly by about 8° (S.D. ±16°), from a mean of 39 to 31° [P=0.009]. For active adduction and internal and external rotation, there were trends for improvements, but no significant changes. Only three additional tasks of the ADL (out of 13/24 preoperatively) could be performed after revision surgery. Comparing the preoperative to the postoperative ROM in the ADLs in flexion/extension, ROM improved significantly in one ("tying an apron") of four ADLs. There were no significant changes in the abduction/adduction and internal/external rotation in any ADLs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RSA in revision cases significantly improved maximum active flexion and abduction, but decreased extension in this series. However, the patients were only able to use this greater ROM to their benefit in one of four ADLs.
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address: michael.maier@med.uni-heidelberg.de.
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Maier
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address: felix.zeifang@med.uni-heidelberg.de.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zeifang
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address: mira.caspers@med.uni-heidelberg.de.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Caspers
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address: thomas.dreher@med.uni-heidelberg.de.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dreher
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address: matthias.klotz@med.uni-heidelberg.de.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Klotz
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address: oliver.rettig@med.uni-heidelberg.de.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Rettig
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address: sebasitan.wolf@med.uni-heidelberg.de.
authors.forename: S I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.affiliation: Orthopedic Surgery Center (OCC) Tübingen, University Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse, 3, 72076 Tübingen, Germany. Electronic address: Kasten@occ-tuebingen.de.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kasten
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D019643:Arthroplasty, Replacement / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D006811:Humerus / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D011184:Postoperative Period; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D012399:Rotation; D000070599:Shoulder Injuries; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Activity of daily living; Biomechanical model; Failed arthroplasty; Failed osteosynthesis; Functional testing; Marker-based system; Outcome; Reverse shoulder arthroplasty; Revision; Upper extremity