title: Chemopreventive Effects of Azadirachta indica on Cancer Marker Indices and Ultrastructural Changes During 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine-Induced Colon Carcinogenesis in Rats.
abstract: The present study elucidated the prospective of Azadirachta indica supplementation, if any, in affording chemoprevention by modulating the altered cancer markers and ultrastructural changes in DMH-induced colorectal carcinogenesis in rats. The rats were segregated into four groups viz., normal control, DMH treated, A. indica treated, and DMH+AI treated. Initiation and induction of colon carcinogenesis were achieved through weekly subcutaneous injections of DMH (30 mg/kg body weight) for both 10 and 20 weeks. A. indica extract was supplemented to rats at a dose rate of 100 mg/kg body weight of animals thrice a week on alternative days, ad libitum for two different time durations of 10 and 20 weeks. The study observed a significant increase in the number of aberrant crypt foci in colons of DMH-treated rats at both the time intervals which were decreased significantly upon AI supplementation. Also, a significant increase was seen in the enzyme activity of alkaline phosphatase, which, however, was moderated upon AI administration to DMH-treated rats. Changes in the ultrastructural architecture of colonic cells were apparent following both the treatment schedules of DMH; however, the changes were prominent following 20 weeks of DMH treatment. The most obvious changes were seen in the form of altered nuclear shape and disruption of cellular integrity, which were appreciably improved upon AI supplementation. In conclusion, the study shows the chemopreventive abilities of AI against DMH-induced colorectal carcinogenesis in rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Xuzhou, No. 19, Zhongshanbei Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China. manuautho@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Xuzhou, No. 19, Zhongshanbei Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Peiwei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wei
mesh_terms: D019813:1,2-Dimethylhydrazine / Q000633:toxicity; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D031601:Azadirachta / Q000737:chemistry*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D063646:Carcinogenesis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008297:Male; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D019813:1,2-Dimethylhydrazine
keywords: Azadirachta indica; Cancer markers; Colon; Experimental carcinogenesis; Ultrastructure