title: Diverting autophagic membranes for exocytosis.
abstract: We have recently shown that the Epstein Barr virus (EBV) incorporates the autophagic membrane label LC3B-II into mature virus particles. Upon EBV production, autophagic membranes are stabilized and infectious viral particle production is dependent on these, because ATG protein-deficiency dampens, whereas rapamycin induces, infectious particle production. Moreover, viral DNA accumulates in the cytosol when macroautophagy is impaired. We therefore conclude that EBV needs autophagic membranes for efficient enveloping during infectious viral particle production. Here, we discuss how EBV might incorporate lipidated LC3B (LC3B-II) into the viral envelope and how other viruses as well as cellular processes customize the macroautophagy machinery for exocytosis in the context of unconventional secretion.
authors.affiliation: a Viral Immunobiology ; Institute of Experimental Immunology ; University of Zurich ; Zurich , Switzerland.
authors.forename: Heike
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nowag
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Münz
mesh_terms: D001343:Autophagy / Q000502:physiology*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000378:metabolism; D005089:Exocytosis / Q000502:physiology*; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human; D006801:Humans; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral
keywords: Atg8/LC3; Epstein Barr virus; acyl coenzyme A binding protein; unconventional secretion; viral envelope