title: Influence of treatment with gum acacia on renal vascular responses in a rat model of chronic kidney disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was conducted in order to investigate the effects of adenine-induced chronic kidney disease (CKD) on renal blood flow and biochemical changes in rats, and to assess the effect of treatment with gum acacia (GA) thereon.
  
  
  METHODS
  CKD was induced by feeding rats with adenine (0.25% w/w, five weeks). Concomitantly, some of these rats were also given gum acacia (GA) (15% w/v in the drinking water). Before animals were sacrificed, changes in renal blood flow (RBF) were monitored in anaesthetized rat preparations. Several biochemical and histological renal function tests were also conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adenine-induced CKD significantly impaired the vasopressor actions of acetylcholine, sodium nitroprusside and phenylephrine and concomitant treatment with GA abated these responses. Additionally, plasma concentrations of urea, creatinine, uric acid, indoxyl sulfate, nitrite and nitrate and urinary excretion of protein were all significantly increased by adenine. GA significantly mitigated the severity of adenine-induced changes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adenine-induced CKD in rats significantly impaired renal vascular responses to acetylcholine, sodium nitroprusside and phenylephrine and this was mitigated by treatment with GA. This provides another experimental evidence for the usefulness of GA in the amelioration of CKD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences; Department of Animal and Veterinary Science, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman. alibadreldin@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Y M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Al Suleimani
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Al Za'abi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ramkumar
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Al Mahruqi
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Tageldin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nemmar
authors.forename: B H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Ali
mesh_terms: D000225:Adenine / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006170:Gum Arabic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects*; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008297:Male; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012079:Renal Circulation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D006170:Gum Arabic; D003404:Creatinine; D000225:Adenine