title: Comparison of lateral microsurgical preauricular and anterior endoscopic approaches to the jugular foramen.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This project compares access to the anterolateral part of the jugular foramen provided by the lateral microsurgical preauricular and the anterior endoscopic approaches, and defines the important landmarks involved in each approach.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cadaveric study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The endoscopic transnasal/transmaxillary transpterygoid corridor provides a less invasive route for selected lesions in the jugular foramen than the traditional open route through the preauricular subtemporal infratemporal fossa approach. However, the anterior endoscopic approach provides a smaller channel to the jugular foramen than the preauricular approach.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The anterior endoscopic approach to the anterolateral part of the jugular foramen is a useful alternative to the lateral microsurgical preauricular approach in carefully selected cases. The vaginal process of the tympanic part of the temporal bone provides a valuable landmark to aid in accessing the jugular foramen in both procedures and can be drilled to open the foramen in the preauricular approach.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery,University of Florida,College of Medicine,Gainesville,Florida,USA.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Komune
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University,Fukuoka,Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Komune
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery,University of Florida,College of Medicine,Gainesville,Florida,USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsushima
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery,University of Florida,College of Medicine,Gainesville,Florida,USA.
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Rhoton
mesh_terms: D002102:Cadaver; D035262:Cranial Fossa, Anterior / Q000601:surgery; D003399:Craniotomy / Q000379:methods*; D054644:Ear Auricle / Q000601:surgery*; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007601:Jugular Veins / Q000601:surgery*; D008488:Medical Illustration; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000379:methods*; D059747:Nasal Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D037981:Neck Dissection / Q000379:methods; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000379:methods; D013517:Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Microsurgical Anatomy