title: Fundamental movement skills proficiency in children with developmental coordination disorder: does physical self-concept matter?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to (1) examine differences in fundamental movement skills (FMS) proficiency, physical self-concept, and physical activity in children with and without developmental coordination disorder (DCD), and (2) determine the association of FMS proficiency with physical self-concept while considering key confounding factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants included 43 children with DCD and 87 age-matched typically developing (TD) children. FMS proficiency was assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development - second edition. Physical self-concept and physical activity were assessed using self-report questionnaires. A two-way (group by gender) ANCOVA was used to determine whether between-group differences existed in FMS proficiency, physical self-concept, and physical activity after controlling for age and BMI. Partial correlations and hierarchical multiple regression models were used to examine the relationship between FMS proficiency and physical self-concept.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with their TD peers, children with DCD displayed less proficiency in various components of FMS and viewed themselves as being less competent in physical coordination, sporting ability, and physical health. Physical coordination was a significant predictor of ability in object control skills. DCD status and gender were significant predictors of FMS proficiency.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Future FMS interventions should target children with DCD and girls, and should emphasize improving object control skills proficiency and physical coordination.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Children with DCD tend to have not only lower FMS proficiency than age-matched typically developing children but also lower physical self-concept. Self-perceptions of physical coordination by children with DCD are likely to be valuable contributors to development of object control skills. This may then help to develop their confidence in performing motor skills. Children with DCD need supportive programs that facilitate the development of object control skills. Efficacy of training programs may be improved if children experience a greater sense of control and success when performing object control skills.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Sports Science and Physical Education , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , Hong Kong .
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: a Department of Sports Science and Physical Education , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , Hong Kong .
authors.forename: Cindy H P
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Sit
authors.affiliation: b Institute of Human Performance, The University of Hong Kong , Pok Fu Lam , Hong Kong .
authors.forename: Catherine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Capio
authors.affiliation: c ASPETAR, Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital , Doha , Qatar , and.
authors.forename: Angus
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Burnett
authors.affiliation: a Department of Sports Science and Physical Education , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , Hong Kong .
authors.forename: Amy S C
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.affiliation: a Department of Sports Science and Physical Education , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , Hong Kong .|d Department of Physical Education , Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon Tong , Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Wendy Y J
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006723:Hong Kong; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity; D019957:Motor Skills Disorders / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D012649:Self Concept; D057566:Self Report
keywords: Children; developmental coordination disorder; motor skills; physical self-concept