title: Dietary fat and breast cancer mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The influence of dietary fat upon breast cancer mortality remains largely understudied despite extensive investigation into its influence upon breast cancer risk.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To conduct meta-analyses of studies to clarify the association between dietary fat and breast cancer mortality.
  
  
  METHODS
  MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for relevant articles published up to March 2012. Risk of all-cause or breast-cancer-specific death was evaluated by combining multivariable adjusted estimates comparing highest versus lowest categories of intake; and per 20 g increase in intake of total and/or saturated fat (g/day) using random-effects meta-analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifteen prospective cohort studies investigating total fat and/or saturated fat intake (g/day) and breast cancer mortality were included. There was no difference in risk of breast-cancer-specific death (n = 6; HR = 1.14; 95% CI: 0.86, 1.52; p = 0.34) or all-cause death (n = 4; HR = 1.73; 95% CI: 0.82, 3.66; p = 0.15) for women in the highest versus lowest category of total fat intake. Breast-cancer-specific death (n = 4; HR = 1.51; 95% CI: 1.09, 2.09; p < 0.01) was higher for women in the highest versus lowest category of saturated fat intake.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These meta-analyses have shown that saturated fat intake negatively impacts upon breast cancer survival.
authors.affiliation: a Nutrition and Metabolism Group (SFB, JVW, PML), Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Royal Victoria Hospital Site , Belfast , UK.
authors.forename: Sarah F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Brennan
authors.affiliation: a Nutrition and Metabolism Group (SFB, JVW, PML), Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Royal Victoria Hospital Site , Belfast , UK.
authors.forename: Jayne V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Woodside
authors.affiliation: a Nutrition and Metabolism Group (SFB, JVW, PML), Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Royal Victoria Hospital Site , Belfast , UK.
authors.forename: Paula M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Lunny
authors.affiliation: b Cancer Epidemiology and Health Services Research Group (CRC, MMC), Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Royal Victoria Hospital Site , Belfast , UK.
authors.forename: Chris R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Cardwell
authors.affiliation: b Cancer Epidemiology and Health Services Research Group (CRC, MMC), Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Royal Victoria Hospital Site , Belfast , UK.
authors.forename: Marie M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Cantwell
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted / Q000009:adverse effects*; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009026:Mortality; D010169:Palmitic Acids / Q000009:adverse effects; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012306:Risk; D013229:Stearic Acids / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D010169:Palmitic Acids; D013229:Stearic Acids
keywords: Dietary fat; breast cancer survival; saturated fat