title: Radiofrequency signal affects alpha band in resting electroencephalogram.
abstract: The aim of the present work was to investigate the effects of the radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on human resting EEG with a control of some parameters that are known to affect alpha band, such as electrode impedance, salivary cortisol, and caffeine. Eyes-open and eyes-closed resting EEG data were recorded in 26 healthy young subjects under two conditions: sham exposure and real exposure in double-blind, counterbalanced, crossover design. Spectral power of EEG rhythms was calculated for the alpha band (8-12 Hz). Saliva samples were collected before and after the study. Salivary cortisol and caffeine were assessed by ELISA and HPLC, respectively. The electrode impedance was recorded at the beginning of each run. Compared with the sham session, the exposure session showed a statistically significant (P < 0.0001) decrease of the alpha band spectral power during closed-eyes condition. This effect persisted in the postexposure session (P < 0.0001). No significant changes were detected in electrode impedance, salivary cortisol, and caffeine in the sham session compared with the exposure one. These results suggest that GSM-EMFs of a mobile phone affect the alpha band within spectral power of resting human EEG.
authors.affiliation: Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Department of Experimental Toxicology, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France; Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Peritox Laboratoire de Périnatalité & Risques Toxiques UMR-I-01 Unité mixte INERIS, Amiens France;
authors.forename: Rania
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ghosn
authors.affiliation: UPMC, Université Paris 06, Centre MEG-EEG, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière (CRICM) et Centre de Neuroimagerie de Recherche (CENIR), UMR S 975, Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre MEG-EEG, CRICM et CENIR, UMR 7225, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre MEG-EEG, CRICM et CENIR, UMR 975, Paris, France; ENS, Centre MEG-EEG, CRICM et CENIR, UMR S 975, Paris, France; and.
authors.forename: Lydia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yahia-Cherif
authors.affiliation: UPMC, Université Paris 06, Centre MEG-EEG, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière (CRICM) et Centre de Neuroimagerie de Recherche (CENIR), UMR S 975, Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre MEG-EEG, CRICM et CENIR, UMR 7225, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre MEG-EEG, CRICM et CENIR, UMR 975, Paris, France; ENS, Centre MEG-EEG, CRICM et CENIR, UMR S 975, Paris, France; and.
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hugueville
authors.affiliation: UPMC, Université Paris 06, Centre MEG-EEG, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière (CRICM) et Centre de Neuroimagerie de Recherche (CENIR), UMR S 975, Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre MEG-EEG, CRICM et CENIR, UMR 7225, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre MEG-EEG, CRICM et CENIR, UMR 975, Paris, France; ENS, Centre MEG-EEG, CRICM et CENIR, UMR S 975, Paris, France; and.
authors.forename: Antoine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ducorps
authors.affiliation: UPMC, Université Paris 06, Centre MEG-EEG, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière (CRICM) et Centre de Neuroimagerie de Recherche (CENIR), UMR S 975, Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre MEG-EEG, CRICM et CENIR, UMR 7225, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre MEG-EEG, CRICM et CENIR, UMR 975, Paris, France; ENS, Centre MEG-EEG, CRICM et CENIR, UMR S 975, Paris, France; and.
authors.forename: Jean-Didier
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Lemaréchal
authors.affiliation: National Research Institute for Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: György
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Thuróczy
authors.affiliation: Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Department of Experimental Toxicology, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France; Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Peritox Laboratoire de Périnatalité & Risques Toxiques UMR-I-01 Unité mixte INERIS, Amiens France;
authors.forename: René
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de Seze
authors.affiliation: Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Department of Experimental Toxicology, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France; Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Peritox Laboratoire de Périnatalité & Risques Toxiques UMR-I-01 Unité mixte INERIS, Amiens France; brahim.selmaoui@ineris.fr.
authors.forename: Brahim
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Selmaoui
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000513:Alpha Rhythm / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D002110:Caffeine / Q000032:analysis; D040421:Cell Phone; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods* / Q000528:radiation effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011846:Radio Waves; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012146:Rest / Q000502:physiology*; D012463:Saliva / Q000378:metabolism*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D002110:Caffeine; D006854:Hydrocortisone
keywords: alpha band; electroencephalogram; mobile phone; radio frequency