title: Potential neuroprotective strategies for perinatal infection and inflammation.
abstract: Preterm born infants have high rates of brain injury, leading to motor and neurocognitive problems in later life. Infection and resulting inflammation of the fetus and newborn are highly associated with these disabilities. However, there are no established neuroprotective therapies. Microglial activation and expression of many cytokines play a key role in normal brain function and development, as well as being deleterious. Thus, treatment must achieve a delicate balance between possible beneficial and harmful effects. In this review, we discuss potential neuroprotective strategies targeting systemic infection or the resulting systemic and central inflammatory responses. We highlight the central importance of timing of treatment and the critical lack of studies of delayed treatment of infection/inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. Electronic address: s.ranchhod@auckland.ac.nz.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Ranchhod
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. Electronic address: kgun024@aucklanduni.ac.nz.
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Gunn
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. Electronic address: t.fowke@auckland.ac.nz.
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Fowke
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. Electronic address: joanne.davidson@auckland.ac.nz.
authors.forename: J O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Davidson
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. Electronic address: christopher.lear@auckland.ac.nz.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Lear
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. Electronic address: j.bai@auckland.ac.nz.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. Electronic address: l.bennet@auckland.ac.nz.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bennet
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. Electronic address: carina.mallard@neuro.gu.se.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mallard
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. Electronic address: aj.gunn@auckland.ac.nz.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Gunn
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. Electronic address: j.dean@auckland.ac.nz.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Dean
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002494:Central Nervous System Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018696:Neuroprotective Agents
keywords: Brain injury; Cytokines; Infection; Inflammation; Lipopolysaccharide; Perinatal; White matter