title: Auditory rhythms entrain visual processes in the human brain: evidence from evoked oscillations and event-related potentials.
abstract: Temporal regularities in the environment are thought to guide the allocation of attention in time. Here, we explored whether entrainment of neuronal oscillations underpins this phenomenon. Participants viewed a regular stream of images in silence, or in-synchrony or out-of-synchrony with an unmarked beat position of a slow (1.3 Hz) auditory rhythm. Focusing on occipital recordings, we analyzed evoked oscillations shortly before and event-related potentials (ERPs) shortly after image onset. The phase of beta-band oscillations in the in-synchrony condition differed from that in the out-of-synchrony and silence conditions. Additionally, ERPs revealed rhythm effects for a stimulus onset potential (SOP) and the N1. Both were more negative for the in-synchrony as compared to the out-of-synchrony and silence conditions and their amplitudes positively correlated with the beta phase effects. Taken together, these findings indicate that rhythmic expectations are supported by a reorganization of neural oscillations that seems to benefit stimulus processing at expected time points. Importantly, this reorganization emerges from global rhythmic cues, across modalities, and for frequencies significantly higher than the external rhythm. As such, our findings support the idea that entrainment of neuronal oscillations represents a general mechanism through which the brain uses predictive elements in the environment to optimize attention and stimulus perception.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Asia Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. Electronic address: psynres@nus.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Escoffier
authors.affiliation: Experimental Psychology Lab, Department of Psychology, Center for Excellence 'Hearing4all', European Medical School, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Christoph S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Herrmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Duke/NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; LSI Neurobiology/Ageing Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. Electronic address: psysa@nus.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Annett
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schirmer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D059031:Anticipation, Psychological / Q000502:physiology; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D001307:Auditory Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D001611:Beta Rhythm / Q000502:physiology*; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009778:Occipital Lobe / Q000502:physiology*; D013998:Time Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Dynamic attending; Temporal preparation; Time perception; Timing