title: The double-switch procedure for atrioventricular and ventriculoarterial discordance.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Late ventricular failure remains a major concern in patients with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (ccTGA). A new treatment for this condition is the double-switch procedure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three consecutive children with atrioventricular and ventriculoarterial discordance (congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries) and associated ventricular septal defect underwent pulmonary artery banding in infancy, followed by a double-switch procedure and closure of the ventricular septal defect at a median age of 5.8 years (range 4.5 to 6 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no major procedure-related complications and the median duration of hospital stay was 13 days. One patient required stent implantation in the superior vena cava five months after surgery to relieve a persistent caval stenosis associated with recurrent pleural and pericardial effusions. Apart from this, no other complications have occurred over a median follow-up of five months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The double-switch procedure offers the potential advantage of restoring the morphological left ventricle to systemic ventricle. Longer-term follow-up of this procedure is warranted.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pecoraro
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sreeram
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dodge-Khatami
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hitchcock
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bennink
keywords: congenitally corrected transposition; double-switch procedure