title: High-level expression of Hsp90β is associated with poor survival in resectable non-small-cell lung cancer patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of Hsp90β and GRP94, and elucidate the clinical significance of their expression, in patients with resectable non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Surgical tissue specimens were obtained from 208 patients with NSCLC who underwent surgical resection. The expression levels of Hsp90β and GRP94 were assessed with tissue microarrays and immunohistochemistry. No correlations were observed between Hsp90β or GRP94 expression and several clinicopathological factors. The high-Hsp90β group [median overall survival (OS) 20.4 months; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.000-40.864] showed a significant decrease in OS as compared with the low-Hsp90β group (median OS not reached; P = 0.003). In contrast to the Hsp90β analysis, the GRP94 analysis did not show a difference in OS. Moreover, in subgroup analyses of patients with squamous cell carcinoma histology, OS (P = 0.012) and relapse-free survival (P = 0.044) were significantly worse in the high-Hsp90β group than in the low-Hsp90β group. Multivariate analysis suggested that old age [hazard ratio (HR) 1.568; 95% CI 1.019-2.412; P = 0.041], advanced disease (HR 2.066; 95% CI 1.218-3.502; P = 0.007) and high Hsp90β expression (HR 1.802; 95% CI 1.061-3.060; P = 0.029) were independent poor prognostic factors for OS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hsp90β expression might be a useful marker of poor OS, although further large prospective studies are warranted to validate our findings.
authors.affiliation: Division of Haematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Seok-Hyun
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4050-2713
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Haematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Jun Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Division of Haematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung Tae
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung Woo
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Hong
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Won
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Hee
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: Yu Ji
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: Yi Yeong
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: Ho-Cheol
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Deog
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: Inseok
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Sil
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyoun Wook
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Haematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: Gyeong-Won
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008875:Middle Aged; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins; C493165:HSP90AB1 protein, human; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; C053387:endoplasmin
keywords: GRP94; Hsp90β; non-small-cell lung cancer; prognosis