title: Periostin, a neurite outgrowth-promoting factor, is expressed at high levels in the primate cerebral cortex.
abstract: Periostin (POSTN or osteoblast specific factor) is an extracellular matrix protein originally identified as a protein highly expressed in osteoblasts. Recently, periostin has been reported to function in axon regeneration and neuroprotection. In the present study, we focused on periostin function in cortical evolution. We performed a comparative gene expression analysis of periostin between rodents (mice) and primates (marmosets and macaques). Periostin was expressed at higher levels in the primate cerebral cortex compared to the mouse cerebral cortex. Furthermore, we performed overexpression experiments of periostin in vivo and in vitro. Periostin exhibited neurite outgrowth activity in cortical neurons. These results suggested the possibility that prolonged and increased periostin expression in the primate cerebral cortex enhances the cortical plasticity of the mammalian cerebral cortex.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Symbolic Cognitive Development, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Japan.
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Matsunaga
authors.forename: Sanae
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nambu
authors.forename: Mariko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oka
authors.forename: Michio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Miki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taoka
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iriki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002144:Callithrix / Q000378:metabolism*; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000166:cytology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008251:Macaca / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D016501:Neurites / Q000378:metabolism*; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000502:physiology*; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D017931:DNA Primers; C082838:Postn protein, mouse
keywords: electroporation; macaque; marmoset; mouse; primary culture