title: Trends in the prevalence of depression in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes in Spain: analysis of hospital discharge data from 2001 to 2011.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study aims to describe trends in the prevalence of depression among hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes in Spain, 2001-2011.
  
  
  METHODS
  We selected patients with a discharge diagnosis of type 2 diabetes using national hospital discharge data. Discharges were grouped by depression status. Prevalence of depression globally and according to primary diagnoses based on the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) were analyzed. We calculated length of stay (LOHS) and in-hospital mortality (IHM). Multivariate analysis was adjusted by age, year and comorbidity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From 2001 to 2011, 4,723,338 discharges with type 2 diabetes were identified (4.93% with depression). Prevalence of depression in diabetic patients increased from 3.54% in 2001 to 5.80% in 2011 (p<0.05). The prevalence of depression was significantly higher in women than in men in each year studied and increased from 5.22% in 2001 to 9.24% in 2011 (p<0.01). The highest prevalence was observed in the youngest age group (35-59 years). The median LOHS decreased significantly over this period. Men with diabetes and depression had higher IHM than women in all the years studied (p<0.05). Older age and greater comorbidity were significantly associated with a higher risk of dying, among diabetic patients with concomitant depression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prevalence of depression increased significantly among hospitalized diabetic patients from 2001 to 2011 even if the health profile and LOHS have improved over this period. Programs targeted at preventing depression among persons with diabetes should be reinforced in Spain.
authors.affiliation: Preventive Medicine and Public Health Teaching and Research Unit, Health Sciences Faculty, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcon, Comunidad de Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lopez-de-Andrés
authors.affiliation: Preventive Medicine and Public Health Teaching and Research Unit, Health Sciences Faculty, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcon, Comunidad de Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Ma Isabel
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Jiménez-Trujillo
authors.affiliation: Preventive Medicine and Public Health Teaching and Research Unit, Health Sciences Faculty, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcon, Comunidad de Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Valentín
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hernández-Barrera
authors.affiliation: Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario del Sureste, Arganda, Comunidad de Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: José Ma
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: de Miguel-Yanes
authors.affiliation: Medicine Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Comunidad de Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Méndez-Bailón
authors.affiliation: Health Security Agency, Ministry of Health, Madrid, Comunidad de Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Napoleón
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Perez-Farinos
authors.affiliation: Preventive Medicine Department, Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Comunidad de Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: de Burgos Lunar
authors.affiliation: Dirección Técnica de Docencia e Investigación, Gerencia Atención Primaria, Madrid, Comunidad de Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cárdenas-Valladolid
authors.affiliation: Dirección Técnica de Docencia e Investigación, Gerencia Atención Primaria, Madrid, Comunidad de Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Miguel Ángel
authors.initials: MÁ
authors.lastname: Salinero-Fort
authors.affiliation: Preventive Medicine and Public Health Teaching and Research Unit, Health Sciences Faculty, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcon, Comunidad de Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jiménez-García
authors.affiliation: Preventive Medicine and Public Health Teaching and Research Unit, Health Sciences Faculty, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcon, Comunidad de Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Carrasco-Garrido
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003628:Database Management Systems; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D017052:Hospital Mortality / Q000639:trends; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013030:Spain