title: The effectiveness of prophylactic attachment of adhesive defibrillation pads in adult living donor liver transplantation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of current study is to present the effectiveness of prophylactic attachment of adhesive defibrillation electrode pads in adult living donor liver transplantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  We divided 487 adult living donor liver transplantation patients into 2 Eras according to the history of without (Era 1) and with (Era 2) pre-attachment of adhesive defibrillation pads. The incidences of intraoperative cardiac events requiring cardioversion or defibrillation, its management, and outcome between Era 1 and 2 were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two cases out of 124 patients (1.6%) in Era 1 had cardiac arrest. The closed chest cardiac massage in 1 cardiac arrest in Era 1 required trans-diaphragmatic open-chest cardiac massage followed by internal cardiac defibrillation due to difficulty in performing external defibrillation. Both patients of Era 1 had in-hospital mortality. Four patients of Era 2 (n=363) received electrical treatment (1.01%); 2 had paroxysmal tachycardia requiring cardio-version and the other 2 had ventricular fibrillation requiring closed-chest cardiac massage and external defibrillation. All 4 patients in Era 2 regained sinus rhythm after electrical treatment, tolerated the subsequent operation well, and had 100% survival to date.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results show that prophylactic attachment of adhesive defibrillation pads allows the immediate performance of cardioversion, conventional closed-chest CPR, and defibrillation if indicated without any delay and without interference with the sterility of the operation field. Our preliminary result is clear and encouraging.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Hsien
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kwok-Wai
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chao-Long
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shoa-Chun
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tsung-Hsiao
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Shih
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Sheng-Chun
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jawan
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chia-Jung
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000269:Adhesives; D000328:Adult; D004554:Electric Countershock / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005260:Female; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019520:Living Donors; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D000269:Adhesives