title: Hematological manifestation in HIV infected children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the common hematological abnormalities in HIV infected children and any association of these abnormalities with HIV disease severity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Regional Pediatric ART centre, Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India, from November 2011 to November 2012.
  
  
  METHODS
  Children up to 12 years with confirmed diagnosis of HIV infection were clinically examined and tested for complete hemogram and CD4 count. Bone marrow study was done in selected patient depending on hemogram report. Children were divided in different stages according to WHO clinical staging. Each of the hematological parameters was assessed for any association with progression of disease. Fisher's Exact Test was used for determining the association between WHO clinical staging and abnormal blood parameters. P-value < 0.05 was taken as significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty nine percent of the study population was anemic; 47.37% (18/38), 66.67% (8/12), 71.43% (15/21) and 93.10% (27/29) of stage 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively were anemic in the study population (p=0.001). Leucopenia was present in 34% (34/100) children. Neutropenia and lymphopenia was present in 19% (19/100) and 22% (22/100) children. Lymphopenia was present in 7.89% (3/38), 16.67% (2/12), 19.05% (4/21) and 44.83% (13/29) of patient with stage 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively (p=0.020). Eosinophilia was present in 17% (17/100) and thrombocytopenia in 11% (11/100) children. 2 patients with stage 4 disease were with hypoplastic bone marrow.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anemia was the most common hematological abnormality in HIV infected children. Anemia and lymphopenia had a significant association with the stage of the disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Regional Pediatric ART Centre, Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Arijit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bhowmik
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Regional Pediatric ART Centre, Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Prabhabati
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Banerjee
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000740:Anemia / Q000453:epidemiology; D001772:Blood Cell Count; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000473:pathology; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D006402:Hematologic Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male