title: Indications for cardiovascular magnetic resonance in children with congenital and acquired heart disease: an expert consensus paper of the Imaging Working Group of the AEPC and the Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Section of the EACVI.
abstract: This article provides expert opinion on the use of cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) in young patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) and in specific clinical situations. As peculiar challenges apply to imaging children, paediatric aspects are repeatedly discussed. The first section of the paper addresses settings and techniques, including the basic sequences used in paediatric CMR, safety, and sedation. In the second section, the indication, application, and clinical relevance of CMR in the most frequent CHD are discussed in detail. In the current era of multimodality imaging, the strengths of CMR are compared with other imaging modalities. At the end of each chapter, a brief summary with expert consensus key points is provided. The recommendations provided are strongly clinically oriented. The paper addresses not only imagers performing CMR, but also clinical cardiologists who want to know which information can be obtained by CMR and how to integrate it in clinical decision-making.
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Valsangiacomo Buechel
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Grosse-Wortmann
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fratz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Eichhorn
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sarikouch
authors.forename: G F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Greil
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Beerbaum
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bucciarelli-Ducci
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bonello
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sieverding
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schwitter
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Helbing
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Galderisi
authors.forename: Owen
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sicari
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rosa
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Thaulow
authors.forename: Thor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Edvardsen
authors.forename: Konrad
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Brockmeier
authors.forename: Shakeel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Qureshi
authors.forename: Joerg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stein
mesh_terms: D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D032921:Consensus; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D019028:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D008297:Male; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic / Q000592:standards*; D012955:Societies, Medical / Q000592:standards
keywords: Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging; Congenital heart disease; Expert consensus paper