title: Cognitive enhancement of healthy young adults with hyperbaric oxygen: A preliminary resting-state fMRI study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To date, no study has examined the effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on the cognitive performance and spontaneous brain activity in healthy adults using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI). Our aim was to reveal the neural mechanism underlying the change in cognitive performance caused by increased oxygen.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, we acquired fMRI data from 20 healthy young adults and used placebo-controlled (PBO) rsfMRI to identify the effect of HBO on the cognitive measures and the regional homogeneity (ReHo) in healthy adults.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to the PBO group, the HBO group showed the following: (1) the scores of the spatial working memory and memory quotient were significantly increased after HBO administration; (2) the ReHo value was significantly increased in three clusters, the left hippocampus, right inferior frontal, and lingual gyri, and for these three clusters, their functional connectivity with the subcortical brain system was significantly increased after HBO administration; and (3) the changes of ReHo values in these clusters generated by HBO administration were correlated with several aspects of cognitive performance, clarifying the cognitive locus of the effect.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggested that the increased availability of oxygen can, to some extent, improve memory performance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings may improve our understanding of the role of HBO in clinical and practical applications.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Hyperbaric Oxygen and Neurorehabilitation, Liuhuaqiao Hospital, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Ronghao
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Centre for Studies of Psychological Application, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Centre for Studies of Psychological Application, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Medical Imaging, Guangdong No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Shumei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Centre for Studies of Psychological Application, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Junjing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Centre for Hyperbaric Oxygen and Neurorehabilitation, Liuhuaqiao Hospital, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Centre for Hyperbaric Oxygen and Neurorehabilitation, Liuhuaqiao Hospital, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Shufang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.affiliation: Centre for Studies of Psychological Application, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xianyou
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Centre for Studies of Psychological Application, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: Centre for Hyperbaric Oxygen and Neurorehabilitation, Liuhuaqiao Hospital, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoxiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.affiliation: Centre for Studies of Psychological Application, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Liqing
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Centre for Hyperbaric Oxygen and Neurorehabilitation, Liuhuaqiao Hospital, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: xqy7180@163.com.
authors.forename: Qiuyou
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Centre for Studies of Psychological Application, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: ruiwang.huang@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ruiwang
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D006931:Hyperbaric Oxygenation; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology; D009778:Occipital Lobe / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D012146:Rest / Q000502:physiology*; D013028:Space Perception / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO); Memory; Regional homogeneity (ReHo); Spatial working memory; Spontaneous activity