title: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Europe, 2010-2011.
abstract: Drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis is challenging elimination of tuberculosis (TB). We evaluated risk factors for TB and levels of second-line drug resistance in M. tuberculosis in patients in Europe with multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB. A total of 380 patients with MDR TB and 376 patients with non-MDR TB were enrolled at 23 centers in 16 countries in Europe during 2010-2011. A total of 52.4% of MDR TB patients had never been treated for TB, which suggests primary transmission of MDR M. tuberculosis. At initiation of treatment for MDR TB, 59.7% of M. tuberculosis strains tested were resistant to pyrazinamide, 51.1% were resistant to ≥1 second-line drug, 26.6% were resistant to second-line injectable drugs, 17.6% were resistant to fluoroquinolones, and 6.8% were extensively drug resistant. Previous treatment for TB was the strongest risk factor for MDR TB. High levels of primary transmission and advanced resistance to second-line drugs characterize MDR TB cases in Europe.
authors.forename: Gunar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Günther
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: van Leth
authors.forename: Sofia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alexandru
authors.forename: Neus
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Altet
authors.forename: Korkut
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Avsar
authors.forename: Didi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bang
authors.forename: Raisa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Barbuta
authors.forename: Graham
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bothamley
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ciobanu
authors.forename: Valeriu
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Crudu
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Davilovits
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dedicoat
authors.forename: Raquel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.forename: Gina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gualano
authors.forename: Heinke
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kunst
authors.forename: Wiel
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: de Lange
authors.forename: Vaira
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Leimane
authors.forename: Cecile
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Magis-Escurra
authors.forename: Anne-Marie
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: McLaughlin
authors.forename: Inge
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Muylle
authors.forename: Veronika
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Polcová
authors.forename: Emanuele
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pontali
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Popa
authors.forename: Rudolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rumetshofer
authors.forename: Alena
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Skrahina
authors.forename: Varvara
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Solodovnikova
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Spinu
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tiberi
authors.forename: Piret
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Viiklepp
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lange
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012307:Risk Factors; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000266:history / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents