title: Brain metastases of parathyroid carcinoma: Review of the literature and a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare tumor typically presenting with marked elevations of serum calcium concentrations and associated renal and skeletal symptoms. Parathyroid carcinoma grows slowly, but may recur in regional lymph nodes, and, in about 25% of patients, metastasizes to the lungs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Description of a new case and review of the literature.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We present here a patient with parathyroid carcinoma that had aggressive biological behavior with synchronous lung metastases and manifestation of brain metastases 18 month after the initial diagnosis and review earlier reports on this rare presentation. These metastases could be detected with [(18)F] fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography/computed tomography as well as with (99m)technetium-sestamibi scan.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Except for surgery in case of isolated solitary metastases, therapeutic options in patients with brain metastases of parathyroid carcinoma are currently very limited.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Hana
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Studentova
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic.|Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc.
authors.forename: Bohuslav
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Melichar
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cincibuch
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc.
authors.forename: Milan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaminek
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine III - Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc.
authors.forename: Zdenek
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Frysak
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc.
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Geierova
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jiri
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Klein
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000556:secondary*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010282:Parathyroid Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000494:pharmacology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18
keywords: 99mtechnetium-sestamibi; brain metastases; hypercalcemia; parathyroid carcinoma