title: Randomized controlled trials: a systematic review of laparoscopic surgery and simulation-based training.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This systematic review was conducted to analyze the impact and describe simulation-based training and the acquisition of laparoscopic surgery skills during medical school and residency programs.
  
  
  METHODS
  This systematic review focused on the published literature that used randomized controlled trials to examine the effectiveness of simulation-based training to develop laparoscopic surgery skills. Searching PubMed from the inception of the databases to May 1, 2014 and specific hand journal searches identified the studies. This current review of the literature addresses the question of whether laparoscopic simulation translates the acquisition of surgical skills to the operating room (OR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  This systematic review of simulation-based training and laparoscopic surgery found that specific skills could be translatable to the OR. Twenty-one studies reported learning outcomes measured in five behavioral categories: economy of movement (8 studies); suturing (3 studies); performance time (13 studies); error rates (7 studies), and global rating (7 studies).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Simulation-based training can lead to demonstrable benefits of surgical skills in the OR environment. This review suggests that simulation-based training is an effective way to teach laparoscopic surgery skills, increase translation of laparoscopic surgery skills to the OR, and increase patient safety; however, more research should be conducted to determine if and how simulation can become apart of surgical curriculum.
authors.affiliation: . avanderbilt@vcu.edu.
authors.forename: Allison A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Vanderbilt
authors.forename: Amelia C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Grover
authors.forename: Nicholas J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Pastis
authors.forename: Moshe
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Feldman
authors.forename: Deborah Diaz
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Granados
authors.forename: Lydia K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Murithi
authors.forename: Arch G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Mainous
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003198:Computer Simulation / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003479:Curriculum / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004501:Education, Medical / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008348:Manikins; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data