title: Nanomicroarray and multiplex next-generation sequencing for simultaneous identification and characterization of influenza viruses.
abstract: Conventional methods for detection and discrimination of influenza viruses are time consuming and labor intensive. We developed a diagnostic platform for simultaneous identification and characterization of influenza viruses that uses a combination of nanomicroarray for screening and multiplex next-generation sequencing (NGS) assays for laboratory confirmation. The nanomicroarray was developed to target hemagglutinin, neuraminidase, and matrix genes to identify influenza A and B viruses. PCR amplicons synthesized by using an adapted universal primer for all 8 gene segments of 9 influenza A subtypes were detected in the nanomicroarray and confirmed by the NGS assays. This platform can simultaneously detect and differentiate multiple influenza A subtypes in a single sample. Use of these methods as part of a new diagnostic algorithm for detection and confirmation of influenza infections may provide ongoing public health benefits by assisting with future epidemiologic studies and improving preparedness for potential influenza pandemics.
authors.forename: Jiangqin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Viswanath
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ragupathy
authors.forename: Jikun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Sai Vikram
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Vemula
authors.forename: Haja Sittana
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: El Mubarak
authors.forename: Zhiping
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Marie L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Landry
authors.forename: Indira
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hewlett
mesh_terms: D005838:Genotype; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / Q000235:genetics; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology*; D060885:Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction; D036103:Nanotechnology; D009439:Neuraminidase / Q000235:genetics*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods; D009975:Orthomyxoviridae / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny
chemical_list: D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus; D009439:Neuraminidase