title: A Comparison of SVM and GMM-Based Classifier Configurations for Diagnostic Classification of Pulmonary Sounds.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to find a useful methodology to classify multiple distinct pulmonary conditions including the healthy condition and various pathological types, using pulmonary sounds data.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen-channel pulmonary sounds data of 40 subjects (healthy and pathological, where the pathologies are of obstructive and restrictive types) are modeled using a second order 250-point vector autoregressive model. The estimated model parameters are fed to support vector machine and Gaussian mixture model (GMM) classifiers which are used in various configurations, resulting in eight different methodologies in total.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the eight methodologies, the hierarchical GMM classifier yields the best performance with a total correct classification rate of 85%, where the term hierarchical refers here to first classifying the data into healthy and pathological classes, then the pathological class into obstructive and restrictive types. Both the sensitivity and specificity for the healthy versus pathological classification at the first stage of hierarchy are 90%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The newly proposed methodologies provide improved results compared to the previous study. The hierarchical framework is suggested for diagnostic classification of pulmonary sounds, although the algorithms are still open for further improvements.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study proposes new methodologies for diagnostic classification of pulmonary sounds, and suggests using a hierarchical framework for the first time.
authors.forename: Ipek
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sen
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saraclar
authors.forename: Yasemin P
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Kahya
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D016011:Normal Distribution; D012135:Respiratory Sounds / Q000145:classification* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D013147:Spirometry / Q000379:methods*; D060388:Support Vector Machine