title: In vitro effects of nanosized diamond particles on macrophages.
abstract: The effects of synthetic diamond nanoparticles (4-6 nm) on mouse macrophage biotropism and biocompatibility and the modulation of the macrophage functions (expression of IL-1α, TNF-α, GM-CSF, bFGF, and TGF-β) by nanoparticles in different concentrations were studied in vitro during exposure of different duration. Macrophage endocytosis of nanodiamonds increased with increasing the concentration of nanoparticles in culture and incubation time. Nanodiamonds exhibited high biotropism and biocompatibility towards macrophages; in doses of 10-20 μg/ml, they induced expression of GM-CSF and TGF-β, inhibited expression of bFGF, and did not stimulate IL-1α and TNF-α. These data indicate that nanodiamond capture by macrophages in the studied experimental model led to modulation of the functional status of macrophages that determine their capacity to stimulate reparative processes without increasing proinflammatory and profibrogenic status.
authors.affiliation: Research Center of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.
authors.forename: V A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Shkurupy
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Arkhipov
authors.forename: D V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Neshchadim
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Akhramenko
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Troitskii
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018130:Diamond / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D053582:Interleukin-1alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000378:metabolism*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D053582:Interleukin-1alpha; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C108111:fibroblast growth factor 13; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors; D018130:Diamond; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor