title: Sixteen consecutive adult intestinal transplantation: a single-center clinical experience in China.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the paper is to describe a single-center experience of adult small intestine transplantation (ITx).
  
  
  METHODS
  15 ITx and 1 combined liver and ITx(L/ITx) had performed. The immunosuppressive regimen was based on induction therapy with two different protocols: In Period I (pre-2006, n=10), daclizumab or without for induction, high dose tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil and steroids as maintenance therapy; In Period II (post-2006, n=6), alemtuzumab for induction and low dose tacrolimus as maintenance anti-rejection treatment unless required for, steroids were not routinely used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In Period I, 9 ITx and 1 L/ITx were performed. One patient survived more than 1-year with normal bowel function and 1 recipient survived more than 4 years with partial PN. Seven patients died within one year. The main cause of death was sepsis. In period II, 4 patients have a normal bowel function with a regular diet without PN, while 2 patients are on partial PN. The main cause of death was rejection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The survival of intestinal transplantation has greatly improved over time as management strategies evolved. However, certain unresolved issues still requires future investigation include new strategies to prevent late complications and the causes.
authors.forename: Yousheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jieshou
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yuanxin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xiaodong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002681:China; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007410:Intestinal Diseases / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000637:transplantation*; D010288:Parenteral Nutrition; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018805:Sepsis / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents