title: Do Children and Adolescents With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Persistent Symptoms Benefit From Treatment? A Systematic Review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review the literature on treatment interventions in children and adolescents with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and persistent symptoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  Systematic review of the literature yielding 6 studies incorporating 421 children and adolescents with mTBI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A variety of medical and nonmedical interventions have been used to treat the persistent symptoms of mTBI in children and adolescents. Treatment included medications for headaches, transcranial stimulation for headaches, giving information booklets, nurse visits, cognitive and physical rest, and active rehabilitation (exercise). All 6 studies reported positive results; but none was a randomized controlled trial, only 1 included a no-treatment comparison group, and none compared different interventions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is difficult to determine whether the positive findings resulted from intervention or reflected natural resolution of the symptoms with time. There is a need for more, higher-quality studies of interventions designed to reduce the duration and severity of persistent postconcussion symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Victorian Paediatric Rehabilitation Service (Ms Winkler) and Allied Health Clinical Research Office (Dr Taylor), Eastern Health, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia; Angliss Hospital, Upper Ferntree Gully, Victoria, Australia (Ms Winkler); and School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia (Dr Taylor).
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Winkler
authors.forename: Nicholas F
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001924:Brain Concussion / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D002648:Child; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015601:Injury Severity Score; D008134:Long-Term Care; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome