title: Pelvic magnetic resonance imaging angioanatomy of the arterial blood supply to the penis in suspected prostate cancer patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the internal pudendal artery (IPA) and accessory pudendal artery (APA) detected by magnetic resonance (MR) angiography to help surgeons to find and preserve them during radical prostatectomy (RP).
  
  
  METHODS
  Constrast-enhanced MR 3.0 T angiography of the pelvis were performed in 111 male patients suspected diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa), and describe the penile arterial blood supply.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There are three patterns of the arterial blood supply to the penis (IPA and/or APA) accounting for 51.4%, 46.8% and 1.8% of cases, respectively. About the accessory pudendal artery (APA): 54/111 (48.6%) patients had APA with five different branching patterns, they were type I (APA bilateral symmetry): 17 (31.5%); type II (APA bilateral asymmetry): 1 (1.9%); type III (APA unilateral lateral): 13 (24%); type IV (APA unilateral apical): 21 (38.9%); type V (APA unilateral mix): 2 (3.7%). APA origin were from inferior epigastric artery (IEA): 7 (9.5%); from inferior vesical artery (IVA): 32 (43.2%); from obturator artery (OA): 35 (47.3%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A precise angioanatomic evalutation of arteries destined to the penis by MR angiography pre-operation for male pelvic organs will help surgeons to preserve them and contributes to reduce the erectile dysfunction after these procedures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Brabois Hospital, University Hospital of Nancy, Rue du Morvan, 54500 Vandoeuvre Lès Nancy Cedex, France; IADI Laboratory, INSERM-U947, Brabois Hospital, University Hospital of Nancy, Tour Drouet, rue du Morvan, 54511 Vandoeuvre Lès Nancy Cedex, France. Electronic address: bstanhatinh@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Cao Tan
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Thai
authors.affiliation: Clinical Epidemiology and Evaluation Department, University Hospital of Nancy, France; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Nancy, 9 Avenue de la Foret de haye BP, 54505 Vandoeuvre Lès Nancy Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Ibrahim Michel
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Karam
authors.affiliation: Clinical Epidemiology and Evaluation Department, University Hospital of Nancy, France; INSERM, CIC-EC CIE6, 92 Avenue du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 54000 Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Phi Linh
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Nguyen-Thi
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Brabois Hospital, University Hospital of Nancy, Rue du Morvan, 54500 Vandoeuvre Lès Nancy Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lefèvre
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Brabois Hospital, University Hospital of Nancy, Rue du Morvan, 54500 Vandoeuvre Lès Nancy Cedex, France; IADI Laboratory, INSERM-U947, Brabois Hospital, University Hospital of Nancy, Tour Drouet, rue du Morvan, 54511 Vandoeuvre Lès Nancy Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hubert
authors.affiliation: IADI Laboratory, INSERM-U947, Brabois Hospital, University Hospital of Nancy, Tour Drouet, rue du Morvan, 54511 Vandoeuvre Lès Nancy Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Felblinger
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Brabois Hospital, University Hospital of Nancy, Rue du Morvan, 54500 Vandoeuvre Lès Nancy Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Eschwège
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001158:Arteries / Q000473:pathology*; D019074:Epigastric Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010388:Pelvis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D010413:Penis / Q000098:blood supply*; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000379:methods*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012669:Seminal Vesicles
keywords: Accessory pudendal artery; Erectile dysfunction; Internal pudendal artery; MRI angiography; Prostate cancer