title: Suppressive Effect of Matrine on Tumor Invasion in N-Butyl-N-(4-Hydroxybutyl)Nitrosamine-Induced Urinary Bladder Carcinogenesis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to investigate the mechanisms and suppressive effects of matrine on the development of urinary bladder cancers induced by N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine (BBN) in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male Sprague-Dawley rats were given BBN (200 mg/rat) twice a week for a period of 8 weeks. Oral administration of matrine (50 and 100 mg/kg) was started 1 week before BBN exposure for 35 weeks. Half of each bladder was histopathologically analyzed and the remainder was extracted for protein analysis by Western blot.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The bladders of BBN-treated rats demonstrated progression from epithelial hyperplasia to papillary urothelial neoplasia and even poorly differentiated invasive cancer. Matrine (50 and 100 mg/kg) treatment decreased the formation of large bladder tumors by 31.6 and 21.1%, respectively. An incidence of cancer cells was detected in rats given BBN [70% (14/20)] and matrine [50 mg/kg: 68.4% (13/19) and 100 mg/kg: 57.9% (11/19), respectively]. The frequency of invasive tumors in the matrine treatment groups [50 mg/kg: 15.4% (2/13), 100 mg/kg: 9.1% (1/11)] was significantly lower than in the BBN-alone group [57% (8/14)]. Furthermore, oral administration of matrine (50 and 100 mg/kg) markedly attenuated the BBN-induced upregulation of bladder cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and the elevation of bladder cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) levels. Although the contents of 15-prostaglandin dehydrogenase (PGDH), which degrades PGE2, were dramatically reduced by BBN, matrine exerted no effects on reduced PGDH contents.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that matrine suppressed bladder tumor invasion in a rat model, and this might be primarily mediated through regulation of the protein contents, COX-2 and cPLA2 in the bladder.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Yafang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Pingxia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fei
authors.forename: Xiaofeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Guidong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dai
mesh_terms: D000470:Alkaloids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002085:Butylhydroxybutylnitrosamine / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology; D011807:Quinolizines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D000093842:Matrines
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D011807:Quinolizines; D002085:Butylhydroxybutylnitrosamine; D000093842:Matrines