title: Influence of school architecture and design on healthy eating: a review of the evidence.
abstract: We examined evidence regarding the influence of school physical environment on healthy-eating outcomes. We applied a systems perspective to examine multiple disciplines' theoretical frameworks and used a mixed-methods systematic narrative review method, considering both qualitative and quantitative sources (published through March 2014) for inclusion. We developed a causal loop diagram from 102 sources identified. We found evidence of the influence of many aspects of a school's physical environment on healthy-eating outcomes. The causal loop diagram highlights multilevel and interrelated factors and elucidates the specific roles of design and architecture in encouraging healthy eating within schools. Our review highlighted the gaps in current evidence and identified areas of research needed to refine and expand school architecture and design strategies for addressing healthy eating.
authors.affiliation: At the time of the study, Leah Frerichs, Jeri Brittin, Amy L. Yaroch, Mohammad Siahpush, Melissa Tibbits, and Terry T.-K. Huang were with the College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha. Dina Sorensen is with VMDO Architects, Charlottesville, VA. Matthew J. Trowbridge is with the School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville.
authors.forename: Leah
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Frerichs
authors.forename: Jeri
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brittin
authors.forename: Dina
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sorensen
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Trowbridge
authors.forename: Amy L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Yaroch
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Siahpush
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tibbits
authors.forename: Terry T-K
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D004032:Diet; D060766:Drinking Water; D005160:Facility Design and Construction / Q000379:methods*; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005509:Food Dispensers, Automatic; D005511:Food Handling; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D012574:Schools / Q000458:organization & administration*
chemical_list: D060766:Drinking Water