title: In vivo reprogramming for tissue repair.
abstract: Vital organs such as the pancreas and the brain lack the capacity for effective regeneration. To overcome this limitation, an emerging strategy consists of converting resident tissue-specific cells into the cell types that are lost due to disease by a process called in vivo lineage reprogramming. Here we discuss recent breakthroughs in regenerating pancreatic β-cells and neurons from various cell types, and highlight fundamental challenges that need to be overcome for the translation of in vivo lineage reprogramming into therapy.
authors.affiliation: INSERM U836, F-38000 Grenoble, France and Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, GIN, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Heinrich
authors.affiliation: Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, D-13125 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Francesca M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Spagnoli
authors.affiliation: Institute of Physiological Chemistry and the Focus Program Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, D-55128 Mainz, Germany, and Physiological Genomics, Institute of Physiology, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, D-80336 Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Benedikt
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Berninger
mesh_terms: D061354:Acinar Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D019070:Cell Lineage; D064987:Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy; D065150:Cellular Reprogramming; D006801:Humans; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D010179:Pancreas / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D010182:Pancreatic Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D012038:Regeneration