title: Technical aspects on production of fluid extract from Brosimum gaudichaudii Trécul roots.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite the increased use of Brosimum gaudichaudii roots as raw material on medicine to treatment of vitiligo, there are not studies that showing the impact of unit operations on the quality and standardized of the extract of B. gaudichaudii. The quality of the herbal extract is essential to ensure the safety and efficacy of pharmaceutical product. Due the medical and commercial importance, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of the extraction method (ultrasound or percolation) on the quality of herbal extract and optimize the extraction of psoralen and 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) from B. gaudichaudii.
  
  
  METHODS
  The extraction recovery was evaluate by high-performance liquid chromatography (C8 reverse phase column and acetonitrile: Water 45:55 and flow rate 0.6 mL/min). The extraction was performed by ultrasound-assisted extraction (UEA) or percolation using a Box-Behnken design.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From both chemical markers (psoralen and bergapten), the optimal conditions for the UEA were an extraction time of 25 min, the mean particle size of 100 μm, and an ethanol: Water ratio of 55:45 (v/v).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The extraction by percolation revealed that ethanol 55% was more efficient than ethanol 80% to extract psoralen and bergapten.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy Research, Federal University of Goiás, Goiás, Brazil.
authors.forename: Frederico Severino
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy Research, Federal University of Goiás, Goiás, Brazil.
authors.forename: Henrique
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pascoa
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy Research, Federal University of Goiás, Goiás, Brazil.
authors.forename: José Realino
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: de Paula
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy Research, Federal University of Goiás, Goiás, Brazil.
authors.forename: Edemilson Cardoso
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: da Conceição
keywords: Box-Behnken design; optimization; percolation; ultrasound-assisted extraction