title: Association between Regular Aspirin Use and Circulating Markers of Inflammation: A Study within the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Regular aspirin use may decrease cancer risk by reducing chronic inflammation. However, associations between aspirin use and circulating markers of inflammation have not been well studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum levels of 78 inflammatory markers were measured in 1,819 55- to 74-year-old men and women in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial. Data were combined from three completed case-control studies and reweighted to the PLCO screening arm. Self-reported aspirin and ibuprofen use (number of tablets taken per day/week/month) over the previous 12 months was collected at baseline. Associations between (i) nonregular (<4 tablets/month), (ii) low (1-4 tablets/week), (iii) moderate (1 tablet/day), or (iv) high (2+ tablets/day) regular aspirin or ibuprofen use and marker levels were assessed with weighted logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Aspirin use was nominally associated with (Ptrend across categories ≤ 0.05) decreased levels of chemokine C-C motif ligand 15 [CCL15; OR, 0.5; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 0.3-0.8; moderate versus nonregular use]; soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (sVEGFR2; OR, 0.7; 95% CI, 0.4-1.0); soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (sTNFR1; OR, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.4-0.9) and increased levels of CCL13 (OR, 1.3; 95% CI, 0.8-2.1); CCL17 (OR, 1.1; 95% CI, 0.7-1.9) and interleukin 4 (IL4; OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 0.9-2.8). Trends were not statistically significant following correction for multiple comparisons. Likewise, no statistically significant associations were observed between ibuprofen use and marker levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No significant associations were observed between regular aspirin use and the inflammatory markers assessed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Additional studies are needed to better understand the relationship between aspirin use, chronic inflammation, and cancer risk.
authors.affiliation: National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland. Krystle.Kuhs@nih.gov.
authors.forename: Krystle A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Lang Kuhs
authors.affiliation: National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Allan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hildesheim
authors.affiliation: National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Britton
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Trabert
authors.affiliation: HPV Immunology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland.
authors.forename: Troy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Kemp
authors.affiliation: National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland. Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Mark P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Purdue
authors.affiliation: National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wentzensen
authors.affiliation: National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Hormuzd A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Katki
authors.affiliation: HPV Immunology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland.
authors.forename: Ligia A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.affiliation: National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Erikka
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Loftfield
authors.affiliation: National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Mahboobeh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Safaeian
authors.affiliation: National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Anil K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Chaturvedi
authors.affiliation: National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Meredith S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Shiels
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001241:Aspirin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007052:Ibuprofen / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D015415:Biomarkers; D001241:Aspirin; D007052:Ibuprofen