title: Two guard cell mitogen-activated protein kinases, MPK9 and MPK12, function in methyl jasmonate-induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis thaliana.
abstract: Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and abscisic acid (ABA) signalling cascades share several signalling components in guard cells. We previously showed that two guard cell-preferential mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), MPK9 and MPK12, positively regulate ABA signalling in Arabidopsis thaliana. In this study, we examined whether these two MAP kinases function in MeJA signalling using genetic mutants for MPK9 and MPK12 combined with a pharmacological approach. MeJA induced stomatal closure in mpk9-1 and mpk12-1 single mutants as well as wild-type plants, but not in mpk9-1 mpk12-1 double mutants. Consistently, the MAPKK inhibitor PD98059 inhibited the MeJA-induced stomatal closure in wild-type plants. MeJA elicited reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cytosolic alkalisation in guard cells of the mpk9-1, mpk12-1 and mpk9-1 mpk12-1 mutants, as well in wild-type plants. Furthermore, MeJA triggered elevation of cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]cyt ) in the mpk9-1 mpk12-1 double mutant as well as wild-type plants. Activation of S-type anion channels by MeJA was impaired in mpk9-1 mpk12-1. Together, these results indicate that MPK9 and MPK12 function upstream of S-type anion channel activation and downstream of ROS production, cytosolic alkalisation and [Ca(2+)]cyt elevation in guard cell MeJA signalling, suggesting that MPK9 and MPK12 are key regulators mediating both ABA and MeJA signalling in guard cells.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Md A R
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Khokon
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Salam
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Pomona College, Claremont, CA, USA.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jammes
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hossain
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uraji
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: I C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.affiliation: Department of New Biology, Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Daegu Kyungbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Kwak
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Murata
mesh_terms: D000040:Abscisic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D000085:Acetates / Q000378:metabolism; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000378:metabolism; D003600:Cytosol / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009154:Mutation; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D054883:Oxylipins / Q000378:metabolism; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000378:metabolism*; D054046:Plant Stomata / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D003517:Cyclopentanes; D005419:Flavonoids; D054883:Oxylipins; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D000040:Abscisic Acid; C072239:methyl jasmonate; C583609:MPK12 protein, Arabidopsis; C583608:MPK9 protein, Arabidopsis; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C093973:2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one; D002118:Calcium
keywords: S-type anion channels; [Ca2+]cyt oscillations; cytosolic alkalisation; guard cell, mitogen-activated protein kinase; methyl jasmonate; reactive oxygen species