title: Trans-species communication in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected macrophage.
abstract: Much of the infection cycle of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is spent within its host cell, the macrophage. As a consequence of the chronic, enduring nature of the infection, this cell-cell interaction has become highly intimate, and the bacterium has evolved to detect, react to, and manipulate the evolving, immune-modulated phenotype of its host. In this review, we discuss the nature of the endosomal/lysosomal continuum, the characterization of the bacterium's transcriptional responses during the infection cycle, and the dominant environmental cues that shape this response. We also discuss how the metabolism of both cells is modulated by the infection and the impact that this has on the progression of the granuloma. Finally, we detail how these transcriptional responses can be exploited to construct reporter bacterial strains to probe the temporal and spatial environmental shifts experienced by Mtb during the course of experimental infections. These reporter strains provide new insights into the fitness of Mtb under immune- and drug-mediated pressure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Shumin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: David G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Russell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002450:Cell Communication / Q000276:immunology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000276:immunology; D010588:Phagosomes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology
keywords: Mycobacterium tuberculosis; macrophage; phagosome; tuberculosis