title: Self-control and the effects of movie alcohol portrayals on immediate alcohol consumption in male college students.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In movies, alcohol-related cues are frequently depicted and there is evidence for a link between movie alcohol cues and immediate alcohol consumption. Less is known about factors influencing immediate effects movie alcohol exposure on drinking. The exertion of self-control is thought to be important in avoiding or resisting certain temptations.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to assess the immediate effects of movie alcohol portrayals on drinking of male social drinkers and to assess the moderating role of self-control in this relation. It was hypothesized that participants would drink more when exposed to movie alcohol portrayals and that especially participants with low self-control would be affected by these portrayals.
  
  
  METHODS
  A between-subjects design comparing two movie conditions (alcohol or no portrayal of alcohol) was used, in which 154 pairs of male friends (ages 18-30) watched a 1-h movie in a semi-naturalistic living room setting. Their alcohol consumption while watching was examined. Participants completed a questionnaire assessing self-control as well as their self-reported weekly alcohol use. A multivariate regression analysis was conducted to test the effects of movie condition on alcohol comsumption.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Self-control moderated the relation between movie condition and alcohol consumption. Assignment to the alcohol movie condition increased alcohol consumption during the movie for males with high self-control but not for males with low self-control.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Viewing a movie with alcohol portrayals can lead to higher alcohol consumption in a specific sample of young men while watching a movie.
authors.affiliation: Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University , Nijmegen , Netherlands.
authors.forename: Renske
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Koordeman
authors.affiliation: Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University , Nijmegen , Netherlands.
authors.forename: Doeschka J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Anschutz
authors.affiliation: Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University , Nijmegen , Netherlands.
authors.forename: Rutger C M E
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Engels
keywords: alcohol; media; movies; self-control; self-regulation