title: Determination of the acute toxicities of physicochemical pretreatment and advanced oxidation processes applied to dairy effluents on activated sludge.
abstract: In this study, the acute toxicities of raw, physicochemical pre-treated, ozonated, and Fenton reagent applied samples of dairy wastewater toward activated sludge microorganisms, evaluated using the International Organization for Standardization's respiration inhibition test (ISO 8192), are presented. Five-day biological oxygen demand (BOD5) was measured to determine the biodegradability of physicochemical treatment, ozonation, Fenton oxidation or no treatment (raw samples) of dairy wastewater. Chemical pretreatment positively affected biodegradability, and the inhibition exhibited by activated sludge was removed to a considerable degree. Ozonation and the Fenton process exhibited good chemical oxygen demand removal (61%) and removal of toxins. Low sludge production was observed for the Fenton process applied to dairy effluents. We did not determine the inhibitory effect of the Fenton-process on the activated sludge mixture. The pollutant-removal efficiencies of the applied processes and their associated operating costs were determined.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Uludag University, 16059 Nilüfer, Bursa, Turkey.
authors.forename: Özge
authors.initials: Ö
authors.lastname: Sivrioğlu
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Uludag University, 16059 Nilüfer, Bursa, Turkey. Electronic address: taneryonar@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Taner
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yonar
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D057919:Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D012722:Sewage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute / Q000379:methods*; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: C045076:Fenton's reagent; D012722:Sewage; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D007501:Iron
keywords: Fenton process; activated sludge inhibition; chemical pretreatment; dairy effluent; ozonation