title: Antinociceptive activity of the ethanolic extract, fractions, and aggregatin D isolated from Sinningia aggregata tubers.
abstract: The present study investigated the effects of the ethanolic extract (ESa), fractions, and compounds isolated from Sinningia aggregata in male Swiss mice on carrageenan-induced paw edema, neutrophil migration, mechanical hyperalgesia, formalin-induced nociception, and lipopolysaccharide-induced fever. The ESa did not alter edema, neutrophil migration, or fever at any of the doses tested. However, the ESa reduced phase II of formalin-induced nociception and carrageenan-induced mechanical hyperalgesia. The petroleum ether (PE) and ethyl acetate (EA) fractions and aggregatin D (AgD; isolated from the EA fraction) reduced formalin-induced nociception. Anthraquinones from the PE fraction were ineffective. AgD also inhibited carrageenan-induced mechanical hyperalgesia. Neither the ESa nor AgD altered thermal nociception or motor performance. Local administration of AgD also reduced hyperalgesia induced by carrageenan, bradykinin, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant, prostaglandin E2, and dopamine but not hyperalgesia induced by forskolin or dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate. The positive control dipyrone reduced the response induced by all of the stimuli. Additionally, glibenclamide abolished the analgesic effect of dipyrone but not the one induced by AgD. AgD did not change lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production by macrophages or the nociception induced by capsaicin, cinnamaldehyde, acidified saline, or menthol. These results suggest that the ESa has important antinociceptive activity, and this activity results at least partially from the presence of AgD. AgD reduced mechanical hyperalgesia induced by several inflammatory mediators through mechanisms that are different from classic analgesic drugs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Centro Politécnico, PO Box 19031, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil.
authors.forename: Geórgea V
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Centro Politécnico, PO Box 19031, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alex S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Simas
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Centro Politécnico, PO Box 19031, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil.
authors.forename: Amanda L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Bastos-Pereira
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Centro Politécnico, PO Box 19031, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gisele R A
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Frois
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Centro Politécnico, PO Box 19031, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil.
authors.forename: João L C
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Ribas
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Centro Politécnico, PO Box 19081, Curitiba, PR, 81530-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Verdan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Centro Politécnico, PO Box 19031, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cândida A L
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Kassuya
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Centro Politécnico, PO Box 19081, Curitiba, PR, 81530-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Stefanello
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Centro Politécnico, PO Box 19031, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aleksander R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Zampronio
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006930:Hyperalgesia / Q000188:drug therapy; D000068378:Lamiales / Q000737:chemistry*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009285:Naphthoquinones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects; D059225:Nociception / Q000187:drug effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014110:Touch
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D009285:Naphthoquinones; D010936:Plant Extracts; C552224:aggregatin D