title: Prevalence of self-reported stomach symptoms after consuming milk among indigenous Sami and non-Sami in Northern- and Mid-Norway - the SAMINOR study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The main purpose of this work was to identify the prevalence of self-reported stomach symptoms after consuming milk among Sami and non-Sami adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional population-based study (the SAMINOR study). Data were collected by self-administrated questionnaires.
  
  
  METHODS
  SAMINOR is a population-based study of health and living conditions conducted in 24 municipalities in Northern Norway during 2003 and 2004. The present study included 15,546 individuals aged between 36 and 79, whose ethnicity was categorized as Sami (33.4%), Kven (7.3%) and Norwegian majority population (57.2%).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sami respondents had a higher prevalence of self-reported stomach symptoms after consuming milk than the Norwegian majority population. The reporting was highest among Sami females (27.1%). Consumption of milk and dairy products (yoghurt and cheese) was high among all the ethnic groups. However, significantly more Sami than non-Sami never (or rarely) consume milk or cheese, and individuals who reported stomach symptoms after consuming milk had an significant lower intake of dairy products than those not reporting stomach symptoms after consuming dairy products. Sami reported general abdominal pain more often than the majority population. The adjusted models show a significant effect of Sami ethnicity in both men and women on self-reported stomach symptoms after consuming milk. In females, the odds ratio (OR)=1.77 (p=0.001) and in males OR=1.64 (p=0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study shows that the Sami population reported more stomach symptoms after consuming milk, suggesting a higher prevalence of milk intolerance among the Sami population than the Norwegian majority population.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Sami Health Research, Institute of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; ketil.lenert.hansen@uit.no.
authors.forename: Ketil Lenert
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
authors.forename: Magritt
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brustad
authors.affiliation: The Finnmark Clinic, University Hospital of Northern Norway, Karasjok, Norway.
authors.forename: Knut
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Johnsen
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003081:Cold Climate; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016269:Milk Hypersensitivity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology*; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D016017:Odds Ratio; D044382:Population Groups / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015995:Prevalence; D018570:Risk Assessment; D057566:Self Report; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012924:Social Conditions; D013272:Stomach Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Arctic; Sami; epidemiology; ethnicity; health; hypolactasia; lactose intolerance; milk intolerance