title: The influence of estradiol on muscle damage and leg strength after intense eccentric exercise.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the influence of estradiol on muscle damage and leg strength after intense eccentric exercise.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight men (MEN), eight normally menstruating women (WomenNM), and eight women using oral contraceptives (WomenOC) participated in this study. Subjects performed 240 maximal-effort bilateral eccentric contractions of the quadriceps muscle groups designed to elicit exercise-induced muscle damage (EiMD). Serum creatine kinase (CK), myoglobin (Mb), and fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) concentrations were measured before (pre-) EiMD, as well as 0, 6, 24, and 48 h post-EiMD. Peak isometric quadriceps torque (i.e., leg strength) was measured pre-EiMD, as well as 24 and 48 h post-EiMD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The increases in CK, Mb, and FABP concentrations from pre- to post-EiMD were greater in MEN (10-fold, 15-fold, and fourfold, respectively) and WomenOC (sevenfold, 11-fold, and ninefold) compared with WomenNM (five-, six-, and threefold; p < 0.05). The decline in leg strength was about 10 % pre- to 24 h post-EiMD in all groups and decreased a further 10-15 % by 48 h post-EiMD in the MEN and WomenOC only.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest an important role of estradiol in blunting the muscle damage response to intense eccentric exercise and preserving muscle function after EiMD.
authors.affiliation: Griffith University Sports Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Gold Coast, QLD, 4222, Australia, c.minahan@griffith.edu.au.
authors.forename: Clare
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Minahan
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Joyce
authors.forename: Andrew C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Bulmer
authors.forename: Neil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cronin
authors.forename: Surendran
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sabapathy
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007866:Leg / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D018763:Muscle Fatigue / Q000187:drug effects*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects*; D009135:Muscular Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D004958:Estradiol