title: Circadian regulation of cellular physiology.
abstract: The circadian clock synchronizes behavioral and physiological processes on a daily basis in anticipation of the light-dark cycle. In mammals, molecular clocks are present in both the central pacemaker neurons and in nearly all peripheral tissues. Clock transcription factors in metabolic tissues coordinate metabolic fuel utilization and storage with alternating periods of feeding and fasting corresponding to the rest-activity cycle. In vitro and in vivo biochemical approaches have led to the discovery of mechanisms underlying the interplay between the molecular clock and the metabolic networks. For example, recent studies have demonstrated that the circadian clock controls rhythmic synthesis of the cofactor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) and activity of NAD(+)-dependent sirtuin deacetylase enzymes to regulate mitochondrial function across the circadian cycle. In this chapter, we review current state-of-the-art methods to analyze circadian cycles in mitochondrial bioenergetics, glycolysis, and nucleotide metabolism in both cell-based and animal models.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Peek
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Ramsey
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Levine
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Marcheva
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Perelis
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA. Electronic address: j-bass@northwestern.edu.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bass
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Circadian; Energetics; Metabolism; Mitochondria; NAD; Respiration; Sirtuin