title: Combustion of an oil palm residue with elevated potassium content in a fluidized-bed combustor using alternative bed materials for preventing bed agglomeration.
abstract: Palm kernel shell (PKS) was burned at 45 kg/s and excess air of 20-80% in a fluidized-bed combustor using alumina, dolomite, and limestone as the bed material. Temperature and gas concentrations were recorded along the reactor centerline as well as at stack. A SEM-EDS analysis was performed to investigate morphology and elemental composition of bed particles. An X-ray fluorescence method was used to determine the composition of used/reused bed materials and PM emitted from the combustor at different operating times. Excess air of 40% seems to be most appropriate for burning PKS in this combustor with an alumina bed, whereas 60% excess air is more suitable when using dolomite and limestone, as ensuring high (98.6-98.9%) combustion efficiency and acceptable CO and NO emissions. By using the selected bed materials, bed agglomeration can be prevented in this combustor. However, the bed materials exhibit substantial time-domain changes in physical and chemical properties.
authors.affiliation: School of Manufacturing Systems and Mechanical Engineering, Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, Thammasat University, P.O. Box 22, Thammasat Rangsit Post Office, Pathum Thani 12121, Thailand.
authors.forename: Pichet
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ninduangdee
authors.affiliation: School of Manufacturing Systems and Mechanical Engineering, Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, Thammasat University, P.O. Box 22, Thammasat Rangsit Post Office, Pathum Thani 12121, Thailand. Electronic address: ivlaanov@siit.tu.ac.th.
authors.forename: Vladimir I
authors.initials: VI
authors.lastname: Kuprianov
mesh_terms: D000537:Aluminum Oxide / Q000737:chemistry; D018533:Biomass; D002119:Calcium Carbonate / Q000737:chemistry; D004867:Equipment Design; D007220:Industrial Waste; D008274:Magnesium / Q000737:chemistry; D000073878:Palm Oil; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D011188:Potassium / Q000737:chemistry*; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D018505:Waste Management / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D007220:Industrial Waste; D010938:Plant Oils; D000073878:Palm Oil; D002119:Calcium Carbonate; D008274:Magnesium; D000537:Aluminum Oxide; D011188:Potassium; C028042:calcium magnesium carbonate
keywords: Alternative bed materials; Bed agglomeration prevention; Fluidized-bed combustion; Oil palm residue