title: Electrical muscle stimulation with Veinoplus® device in the treatment of venous ulcers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to analyze the results of the electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) usage in patients with venous ulcers developed on top of a post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty patients (60 legs) with active venous ulcer (C6EsAsdpPr according to CEAP classification) were divided into two groups. In addition to the background therapy consisting of a standardized compression with ULCER X and intake of micronized purified flavonoid fraction (MPFF 1000 mg daily), all the patients in the main group underwent EMS with Veinoplus® V.I. for at least 3 times a day. Follow-up examinations were performed on days 30, 60 and 90. These included pain severity assessment with 100-mm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), disease severity measurement with VCSS (Venous Clinical Severity Score) and ankle circumference above malleolus, as well as recording number of healed venous ulcers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At day 90 pain severity was reduced in both main and control groups. However, according to VAS pain reduction rates were significantly higher in patients of the main group (from 8.7 ± 0.6 to 1.9 ± 0.3 in the main group and 8.4 ± 0.6 to 3.9 ± 0.5 in the control group). At the end of the study, ankle circumference decreased from 270.9 ± 4.6 mm to 257.1 ± 4.2 mm in the main and from 269.7 ± 5.3 mm to 263.4 ± 5.2 in the control group. VCSS before treatment was 7.3 ± 0.6 in the main group and 6.8 ± 0.5 in the control group. By day 90 VCSS significantly decreased to 2.3 ± 0.4 and 4.6 ± 0.5 in the main and control groups respectively. Healing rates were significantly higher in the main group. On day 90, the number of open venous ulcers in the main group was 3 times lower than in the control group (4 vs. 12).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EMS demonstrated high efficacy and good tolerability and provided significant reduction in pain severity, VCSS score and ankle edema, as well as a 3-fold increase in the number of healed venous ulcers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Angiology and Vascular Surgery, Russian State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation - vadim.bogachev63@gmail.com.
authors.forename: V Y
authors.initials: VY
authors.lastname: Bogachev
authors.forename: V N
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Lobanov
authors.forename: O V
authors.initials: OV
authors.lastname: Golovanova
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Kuznetsov
authors.forename: P V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Yershov
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004487:Edema / Q000628:therapy; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000295:instrumentation; D004864:Equipment and Supplies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D054070:Postthrombotic Syndrome / Q000628:therapy*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014647:Varicose Ulcer / Q000628:therapy*; D014945:Wound Healing