title: Exercise-induced Natural Killer Cell Activation is Driven by Epigenetic Modifications.
abstract: Exercise has been proven to reduce the risk and progression of various diseases, such as cancer, diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders. Increasing evidence suggests that exercise affects the cytokine profile and changes distribution and function of tumor-competitive immune cells. Initial studies have shown that different exercise interventions are associated with epigenetic modifications in different tissues and cell types, such as muscle, fat, brain and blood. The present investigation examines the effect of an intense endurance run (half marathon) on global epigenetic modifications in natural killer (NK) cells in 14 cancer patients compared to 14 healthy controls. We were able to show that histone acetylation and NKG2D expression, a functional NK cell marker, were elevated for at least 24 h after the run. Thus, this is the first study to present a potential mechanism of how exercise may impact NK cell activity on the subcellular level. Further studies should focus on epigenetic mechanisms and dose-dependent effects of exercise.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zimmer
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Bloch
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schenk
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Zopf
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive and Rehabilitative Sport Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Hildebrandt
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Streckmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Beulertz
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Koliamitra
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schollmayer
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Baumann
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D055655:NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily K / Q000097:blood; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology*; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D006657:Histones; C527085:KLRK1 protein, human; D055655:NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily K