title: Simultaneous Determination of Methoxylated Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Water, Soil and Sediment from China by GC-MS.
abstract: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are widely used brominated flame retardants, which are increasingly reported in the environment. Methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (MeO-PBDEs) are structural analogs to PBDEs and reported as natural products and novel pollutants present in the environment. First, a new isotopic dilution GC-MS method was developed in this study to simultaneously determine 13 PBDEs and 8 MeO-PBDEs in water, soil and sediment. Liquid/liquid extraction, pressurized liquid extraction and multi-layer silica gel column chromatography cleanup were used, and some important steps and crucial parameters were modified and intensified compared with the other literatures. Besides, the conditions of GC and MS were also optimized. The limits of quantitation values of 0.005-0.1 and 0.02-0.1 µg L(-1) in water were calculated for PBDEs and MeO-PBDEs, respectively; so did 0.25-5 and 1-5 µg kg(-1) dry weight in soil and sediment. In addition, good repeatability and accuracy of the whole method were achieved. Moreover, 60 water and 30 sediment samples for aquaculture crayfish and freshwater fish collected from aquatic products production base, 40 soil samples collected from agricultural products production base and also 20 Yangtze River water samples and 20 Hanjiang River water samples collected from different sampling situations near Wuhan, Hubei province along the Yangtze River and the Hanjiang River were analyzed to determine whether they are contaminated by PBDEs and MeO-PBDEs. Using the established methods, it was found that PBDEs or MeO-PBDEs emerged in 4 of 60 water samples for aquatic products, 3 of 40 soils, and 2 of 30 sediments and in low µg kg(-1) dry weight for soil and sediments and low µg L(-1) for water.
authors.affiliation: Technology Center of Hubei Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau of PRC, Qintai Road 588, Wuhan 430050, China.
authors.forename: Xiaozhong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Technology Center of Hubei Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau of PRC, Qintai Road 588, Wuhan 430050, China deconghu_hust@163.com.
authors.forename: Decong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Technology Center of Hubei Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau of PRC, Qintai Road 588, Wuhan 430050, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Technology Center of Liaoning Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau of PRC, Changjiang East Road 60, Dalian 116001, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Technology Center of Liaoning Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau of PRC, Changjiang East Road 60, Dalian 116001, China.
authors.forename: Changjun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lin