title: Percutaneous interspinous distraction device for the treatment of lumbar spinal canal stenosis: clinical and radiographic results at 2-year follow-up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effectiveness of the In- space (Synthes, Umkirch, Germany) and the correlation between radiographic parameters and clinical outcome in patients with lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LSS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Between June 2009 and May 2013, 56 patients with LSS underwent In-space by one senior surgeon. All of the patients were evaluated both clinically and radiographic measurements before the procedure and each visit at the postoperative follow-up. Preoperative and postoperative X-ray imaging was performed before the procedure and at follow-up to assess the correlation with the clinical outcome. Radiological measurements and clinical outcomes were recorded to establish a relationship between the radiographic parameters and clinical outcome of this procedure. All patients had at least 2 years of follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean VAS score of back pain decreased significantly (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that percutaneous interspinous devices are a good alternative to treat LSS. The device offers significant decrease in back pain, leg pain and ODI score with 2-year lasting relief from symptoms. The increased intervertebral foramenal space explains the improvement of leg pain, but the mechanism of back pain relief remains unclear. A very weak correlation between the radiographic changes and improvement of pain was found.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Wicharn
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yingsakmongkol
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Chaiyos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chaichankul
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Worawat
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Limthongkul
keywords: Lumbar spinal canal stenosis; oswestry disability index (odi) score; percutaneous interspinous device; visual analogue scale (vas) score