title: Proteoglycan form and function: A comprehensive nomenclature of proteoglycans.
abstract: We provide a comprehensive classification of the proteoglycan gene families and respective protein cores. This updated nomenclature is based on three criteria: Cellular and subcellular location, overall gene/protein homology, and the utilization of specific protein modules within their respective protein cores. These three signatures were utilized to design four major classes of proteoglycans with distinct forms and functions: the intracellular, cell-surface, pericellular and extracellular proteoglycans. The proposed nomenclature encompasses forty-three distinct proteoglycan-encoding genes and many alternatively-spliced variants. The biological functions of these four proteoglycan families are critically assessed in development, cancer and angiogenesis, and in various acquired and genetic diseases where their expression is aberrant.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA. Electronic address: renato.iozzo@jefferson.edu.
authors.forename: Renato V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Iozzo
authors.affiliation: Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institut für Allgemeine Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Electronic address: schaefer@med.uni-frankfurt.de.
authors.forename: Liliana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schaefer
mesh_terms: D017398:Alternative Splicing; D000818:Animals; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D005810:Multigene Family; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D011509:Proteoglycans
keywords: Angiogenesis; Cancer growth; Glycosaminoglycan; Growth factor modulation; Proteoglycan