title: Targeting PI3K/AKT/mTOR network for treatment of leukemia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Increased activity of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway has been observed in a huge number of malignancies. This pathway can function as a prosurvival factor in leukemia stem cells and early committed leukemic precursors and its inhibition is regarded as a therapeutic approach. Accordingly, the aim of this review is to evaluate the PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibitors used in leukemia models.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway has been reported to have beneficial therapeutic effects in leukemias, both in vitro in leukemia cell lines and in vivo in animal models. Overall, the use of dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, dual Akt/RTK inhibitor, Akt inhibitor, selective inhibitor of PI3K, mTOR inhibitor and dual PI3K/PDK1 inhibitor in CML, AML, APL, CLL, B-ALL and T-ALL has a better therapeutic effect than conventional treatments.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Targeting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway may have pro-apoptotic and antiproliferative effects on hematological malignancies. Furthermore, modulation of miRNA can be used as a novel therapeutic approach to regulate the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. However, both aspects require further clinical studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Jessika
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bertacchini
authors.forename: Nazanin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Heidari
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mediani
authors.forename: Silvano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Capitani
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shahjahani
authors.forename: Ahmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahmadzadeh
authors.forename: Najmaldin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007938:Leukemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases