title: Effects of inhibitory compounds in lignocellulosic hydrolysates on Mortierella isabellina growth and carbon utilization.
abstract: Oleaginous fungus Mortierella isabellina showed excellent lipid conversion on non-detoxified lignocellulosic hydrolysate. This study investigated the effects of inhibitory compounds (furfural, hydroxymethylfurfural, and ferulic and coumaric acids) in lignocellulosic hydrolysate on M. isabellina growth and lipid production. M. isabellina can tolerate furfural (∼1 g/L), hydroxymethylfurfural (∼2.5 g/L), ferulic (∼0.5 g/L) and coumaric acid (∼0.5 g/L) with normal growth rates. Synergistic effect of these inhibitors (2 g/L furfural, 0.4 g/L hydroxymethylfurfural, 0.02 g/L ferulic acid and 0.02 g/L coumaric acid) moderately reduces total fungal growth (by 28%), while the presence of these inhibitors has minor impact on cell lipid contents and lipid profiles. In the presence of inhibitory compounds, (13)C-tracing has revealed that M. isabellina can simultaneously utilize glucose and acetate, and acetate is mainly assimilated for synthesis of lipid and TCA cycle amino acids. The results also demonstrate that glucose has strong catabolite repression for xylose utilization for biomass and lipid production in the presence of inhibitors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA.
authors.forename: Zhenhua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ruan
authors.affiliation: Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
authors.forename: Whitney
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hollinshead
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Isaguirre
authors.affiliation: Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
authors.forename: Yinjie J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA. Electronic address: liuyan6@msu.edu.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D002244:Carbon / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D003373:Coumaric Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005285:Fermentation / Q000187:drug effects; D005662:Furaldehyde / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007553:Isotope Labeling; D007700:Kinetics; D008031:Lignin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D020094:Mortierella / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D003373:Coumaric Acids; D005227:Fatty Acids; C036909:lignocellulose; C008046:5-hydroxymethylfurfural; D002244:Carbon; D008031:Lignin; C004999:ferulic acid; D005662:Furaldehyde
keywords: (13)C-isotope; Catabolite repression; Lipid accumulation; Oleaginous fungus; TCA cycle