title: Comparison of Fasanella-Servat and Small-Incision Techniques for Involutional Ptosis Repair.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the results of the classic Fasanella-Servat internal approach to the newer, small-incision external approach in the repair of involutional ptosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective review identified 93 patients (104 surgical procedures) at Northwestern Ophthalmology from June 2005 until October 2011 who underwent either the Fasanella-Servat or the small-incision approaches for involutional ptosis repair. Change in vertical palpebral fissure measurement, change in marginal reflex distance 1 (MRD1) measurement, patient satisfaction, surgical complications, operating time, and postoperative pain were compared between groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 93 patients, most were female with an average age of 69 years. Of the procedures, 48% were small incision and 52% were Fasanella-Servat approaches. Average postoperative follow up was 34.0 days. Vertical palpebral fissure height increased an average of 3.36 mm (±1.15) in the Fasanella-Servat group and 2.74 mm (±1.18) in the small-incision group (p = 0.003). Preoperative vertical palpebral fissure height was lower in the Fasanella-Servat group, but postoperative vertical palpebral fissure height was similar between the 2 groups (p=0.3). MRD1 increased an average of 3.42 mm (±0.86) in the Fasanella-Servat group and 2.68 mm (±0.93) in the small-incision group (p < 0.01). Preoperative MRD1 was lower in the Fasanella-Servat group, but postoperative MRD1 was similar between the 2 groups (p = 0.15). Average operating time was 53 minutes (±16) in the small-incision group and 27 minutes (±6) in the Fasanella-Servat group (p < 0.01). There were no surgical complications in either group with equivalent patient satisfaction between the 2 groups. More patients reported postoperative pain in the Fasanella-Servat group (p < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both the Fasanella-Servat and small-incision approaches lead to good surgical outcomes with equivalent patient satisfaction, although the Fasanella-Servat approach provides a shorter average operating time with satisfactory postoperative MRD1.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Mahsa A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sohrab
authors.forename: Gary S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Lissner
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019882:Blepharoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D001763:Blepharoptosis / Q000601:surgery*; D005143:Eyelids / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications; D008297:Male; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D010149:Postoperative Pain; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013536:Suture Techniques