title: Early constraint-induced movement therapy promotes functional recovery and neuronal plasticity in a subcortical hemorrhage model rat.
abstract: Constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) promotes functional recovery of impaired forelimbs after hemiplegic strokes, including intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We used a rat model of subcortical hemorrhage to compare the effects of delivering early or late CIMT after ICH. The rat model was made by injecting collagenase into the globus pallidus near the internal capsule, and then forcing rats to use the affected forelimb for 7 days starting either 1 day (early CIMT) or 17 days (late CIMT) after the lesion. Recovery of forelimb function in the skilled reaching test and the ladder stepping test was found after early-CIMT, while no significant recovery was shown after late CIMT or in the non-CIMT controls. Early CIMT was associated with greater numbers of ΔFosB-positive cells in the ipsi-lesional sensorimotor cortex layers II-III and V. Additionally, we found expression of the growth-related genes brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and growth-related protein 43 (GAP-43), and abundant dendritic arborization of pyramidal neurons in the sensorimotor area. Similar results were not detected in the contra-lesional cortex. In contrast to early CIMT, late CIMT failed to induce any changes in plasticity. We conclude that CIMT induces molecular and morphological plasticity in the ipsi-lesional sensorimotor cortex and facilitates better functional recovery when initiated immediately after hemorrhage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurophysiology and Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan; Department of Physical Therapy, Program in Physical and Occupational Therapy, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 461-8673, Japan.
authors.forename: Akimasa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurophysiology and Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan.
authors.forename: Sachiyo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Misumi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurophysiology and Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshitomo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurophysiology and Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurophysiology and Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan.
authors.forename: Jung
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cha-Gyun
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Program in Physical and Occupational Therapy, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 461-8673, Japan.
authors.forename: Keigo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tamakoshi
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Program in Physical and Occupational Therapy, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 461-8673, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuto
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurophysiology and Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan. Electronic address: hhida@med.nagoya-cu.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hida
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D017364:Collagenases; D003712:Dendrites / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005552:Forelimb / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D019922:GAP-43 Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D005917:Globus Pallidus; D008297:Male; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000502:physiology*; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000378:metabolism; D017966:Pyramidal Cells / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology*; D066191:Sensorimotor Cortex / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; C483820:Fosb protein, rat; D019922:GAP-43 Protein; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D017364:Collagenases
keywords: Forelimb function; Growth factor; Intracerebral hemorrhage; Plasticity; Rat; Rehabilitation