title: Diagnosing ventilator-associated pneumonia in pediatric intensive care.
abstract: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's criteria were applied by independent investigators for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) diagnosis in critically ill children and compared with tracheal aspirate cultures (TACs). In addition, correlation between antibiotic use, VAP incidence, and epidemiology of TACs was investigated. A modest agreement (κ = 0.41) was found on radiologic findings between 2 investigators. VAP incidence was 7.7 episodes per 1,000 ventilator days, but positive TACs were the most significant factor for driving high antimicrobial usage in the pediatric intensive care unit.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Unit, 3rd Department of Pediatrics, Aristotle University School of Medicine, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Elias
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Iosifidis
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Stella
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stabouli
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Anastasia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tsolaki
authors.affiliation: Radiology Department, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Vaios
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sigounas
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Emilia-Barbara
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Panagiotidou
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sdougka
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Unit, 3rd Department of Pediatrics, Aristotle University School of Medicine, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece. Electronic address: roilides@med.auth.gr.
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Roilides
mesh_terms: D040981:Acinetobacter baumannii / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000293:Adolescent; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002487:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S.; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016638:Critical Illness / Q000628:therapy; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D015278:Intensive Care Units, Pediatric; D008297:Male; D053717:Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D020615:Stenotrophomonas maltophilia / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014481:United States; D012122:Ventilators, Mechanical
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Chest radiograph; Health care–associated infection; Mechanical ventilation; Pediatric intensive care; Pneumonia; Radiology