title: Quantitative sensory and motor measures detect change overtime and correlate with walking speed in individuals with multiple sclerosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Impairments of sensation, strength, and walking are common in multiple sclerosis (MS). The relationship among these abnormalities and how they change over time remains unclear.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the extent that quantitative lower extremity sensory and motor measures detect abnormalities over time, relate to global disability, and to walking speed in individuals with MS.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective, longitudinal analysis evaluated 136 MS subjects. Measures included measures of leg strength, sensation, the Expanded Disability Status Scale(EDSS) and timed 25-foot walk test (T25FW). Mixed effects regression models were used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our cohort׳s mean age is 44.3±10.8 years (mean±SD), EDSS score range 0–7.5, 66% were females, and follow-up time was 2.1±1.2 years. Strength significantly changed over time; the RRMS group demonstrated the greatest changes in ADF (3.3 lbs/yr) while the PPMS group showed significant HF changes (−2.1 lbs/yr). Walking speed was affected most by HF, especially in the weakest individuals (HF<20 lbs); T25FW increased by 0.20 s for each 1 lb loss (p=0.001). Likewise T25FW changed by 0.19 s for each 1 lb change in ADF (p<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Quantitative measures detected changes in sensation and strength over time, despite a stable respective functional systems scores of the EDSS. Quantitative measurement tools may improve the sensitivity of disability measures in MS and further investigation of these tools as outcomes in future clinical trials of rehabilitative and neuroreparative interventions is warranted.
authors.forename: Kathleen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Zackowski
authors.forename: Joseph I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McGready
authors.forename: Peter A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Calabresi
authors.forename: Scott D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Newsome
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D020886:Somatosensory Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014732:Vibration; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult