title: Anti-inflammatory Activity of Magnesium Isoglycyrrhizinate Through Inhibition of Phospholipase A2/Arachidonic Acid Pathway.
abstract: Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) has been known to possess various pharmacological properties including anti-inflammatory, antioxidants, antiviral, and hepatoprotective activities. Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate (MgIG), a magnesium salt of 18-α glycyrrhizic acid stereoisomer, is clinically used for the treatment of inflammatory liver diseases. However, the mechanism by which MgIG exerts its anti-inflammatory effects remains unknown. In the present study, we investigated the inhibitory potential of MgIG in phospholipase A2 (PLA2)/arachidonic acid (AA) pathway and release of the pathway-generated inflammatory lipid mediators in RAW264.7 macrophages. Results revealed that MgIG suppressed LPS-induced activation of PLA2 and production of AA metabolites such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), prostacyclin (PGI2), thromboxane 2 (TXB2), and leukotrienes (LTB4) in macrophages. Furthermore, LPS-induced AA-metabolizing enzymes including COX-2, COX-1, 5-LOX, TXB synthase, and PGI2 synthase were significantly inhibited by MgIG. Taken together, our data suggest that modulation of cyclooxygenase (COXs) and 5-lipoxygenase (LOX) pathways in AA metabolism could be a novel mechanism for the anti-inflammatory effects of MgIG.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 818 East Tianyuan Rd, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211166, China.
authors.forename: Chunfeng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Xiaoting
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jieshu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Zhaofeng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Feifei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Mingming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Jianyun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Weiwei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Shanshan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.forename: Caiyun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D054467:Phospholipases A2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D012503:Saponins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: C521270:18alpha,20beta-hydroxy-11-oxo-norolean-12-en-3beta-yl-2-O-beta-D-glucopyranurosyl-alpha-D-glucopyranosiduronate magnesium tetrahydrate; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D012503:Saponins; D014315:Triterpenes; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D054467:Phospholipases A2