title: [Pioglitazone hydrochloride a instrumental analytical perspective by Raman spectroscopy and HPLC].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The thiazolidinediones (pioglitazone) increases the action of insulin and produces the glycemic control in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Also, the pharmacological effect may be affected by the purity and pioglitazone plasma concentration. Therefore, the instrumental techniques offer a tool for characterization, identification and/or quantification of the pioglitazone; Raman spectroscopy offers several advantages due to its easy application methodology and structural analysis and the HPLC technique is the gold standard vs. other qualitative and quantitative techniques.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this work is to develop and validate analytical techniques for the characterization of pioglitazone hydrochloride by Raman spectroscopy and quantitative analysis in human plasma by HPLC.
  
  
  METHODS
  The pioglitazone hydrochloride was analyzed by Raman spectroscopy with a 678 mW power and 3 integration time seconds. The analytical method for quantification by HPLC was validated with the guidelines of the NOM-177SSAl-1998.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Raman technique allowed us to elucidate the functional groups of the pioglitazone hydrochloride and the HPLC technique was linear, accurate, precise, specific and sensitive in the range of 30 to 2000 ng/mL under the chromatographic conditions specified.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The structure analysis by Raman spectroscopy allowed us a complete characterization of the functional groups of pioglitazone hydrochloride effectively and non-destructively. Likewise, the analytical technique for the pioglitazone hydrochloride quantification by HPLC was linear, accurate, precise and sensitive in the range of 30 to 2000 ng/mL under the guidelines.
authors.forename: Jesús Fernando
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Vértiz-Beltrán
authors.forename: Raquel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Avila-Rodríguez
authors.forename: Rocío
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Terrones-Gurrola
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Abelardo Camacho
authors.forename: Azahel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rangel-López
authors.forename: Isaac
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Campos-Cantón
authors.forename: Angel Antonio
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Vértiz-Hernández
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood*; D000077205:Pioglitazone; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods*; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D000077205:Pioglitazone