title: Looped suture properties: implications for multistranded flexor tendon repair.
abstract: Multiple-strand repair techniques are commonly used to repair cut flexor tendons to achieve initial biomechanical strength. Looped sutures achieve multiple strands with fewer passes and less technical complexity. Their biomechanical performance in comparison with an equivalent repair using a single-stranded suture is uncertain. This study examined the mechanical properties of double-stranded loops of 3-0 and 4-0 braided polyester (Ticron) and polypropylene monofilament (Prolene). Double loops were generally less than twice the strength of a single loop. Ticron and Prolene had the same strengths, but Ticron was stiffer. The 4-0 double loops had significantly higher stiffness than 3-0 single loops. Increasing the size of sutures had a larger relative effect on strength than using a double-stranded suture. However, a double-strand loop had a larger effect on increasing stiffness than using a single suture of a larger equivalent size. Looped suture repairs should be compared with standard techniques using a thicker single suture.
authors.affiliation: Surgical & Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, University of New South Wales, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Haddad
authors.affiliation: Surgical & Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, University of New South Wales, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Peltz
authors.affiliation: Surgical & Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, University of New South Wales, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bertollo
authors.affiliation: Surgical & Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, University of New South Wales, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia w.walsh@unsw.edu.au.
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.affiliation: St Luke's & Sydney Hospital Hand Units, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nicklin
mesh_terms: D020341:Absorbable Implants; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D011091:Polyesters; D011126:Polypropylenes; D013537:Sutures; D013708:Tendon Injuries / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D011091:Polyesters; D011126:Polypropylenes; C033616:poly(lactide)
keywords: Looped suture; biomechanical testing; in vitro