title: Bids for joint attention by parent-child dyads and by dyads of young peers in interaction.
abstract: Before they are 3;0-3;6, children typically do not engage with peers in focused interaction, although they do with adults. With parents, children interact around the 'here-and-now'. We hypothesize that young peers do not attempt to establish joint attention to present objects. Using the CHILDES database, we compared attention-directives produced by parents to children, children to peers, and children to parents. Of 391 English-speaking parents, 88% generated attention-directives, mostly Look!, See!, and Watch! Of 15 children (2;10-3;7) engaging in dyadic peer-interaction, only 26% produced such utterances. By comparison, 62% of 268 children (1;2-3;3) addressed such directives to parents. Interaction with peers in young children does not involve joint attention to a shared environmental focus, although it does with parents. The reason may be pragmatic: shared attention in parent-child dyads is a means to get information or help; it may seem pointless for a child to address such directives to a peer.
authors.affiliation: Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
authors.forename: Anat
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ninio
mesh_terms: D001288:Attention; D002657:Child Development; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003142:Communication; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D007804:Language Development; D008297:Male; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D010379:Peer Group; D012919:Social Behavior