title: Parenting in Complex Conditions: Does Preterm Birth Provide a Context for the Development of Less Optimal Parental Behavior?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the predictive value of parent, infant, and contextual factors related to preterm childbirth for later parenting behaviors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mothers (n = 217) and fathers (n = 204) of term, moderately preterm, and very preterm infants were interviewed 1 month postpartum using the Clinical Interview for Parents of high-risk infants (CLIP), to assess their experiences and perceptions related to the pregnancy, delivery, infant, hospitalization, support system, and their narratives. Their responses were factor analyzed and entered into prediction models of parental behaviors (National Institute of Child Health and Human Development observations) 6 months postpartum.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Preterm birth was associated with negative experiences and concerns in parents. Regression analyses revealed, however, that irrespective of preterm birth, negative and unrealistic parental perceptions predicted less sensitive, more intrusive, and more withdrawn behavior.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Not prematurity per se, but particularly the presence of negative perceptions in parents, is predictive of difficulties in parent-infant interaction. The CLIP is a potentially useful instrument to identify families at risk.
authors.affiliation: International Victimology Institute Tilburg, Tilburg University, Centre for Educational Measurement, University of Oslo, Department of Developmental Psychology, Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology and Department of Tranzo, Tilburg University, Dimence: Centre for Infant Mental Health, and Herlaarhof: Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry hannahhoffenkamp@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Hannah N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Hoffenkamp
authors.affiliation: International Victimology Institute Tilburg, Tilburg University, Centre for Educational Measurement, University of Oslo, Department of Developmental Psychology, Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology and Department of Tranzo, Tilburg University, Dimence: Centre for Infant Mental Health, and Herlaarhof: Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Braeken
authors.affiliation: International Victimology Institute Tilburg, Tilburg University, Centre for Educational Measurement, University of Oslo, Department of Developmental Psychology, Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology and Department of Tranzo, Tilburg University, Dimence: Centre for Infant Mental Health, and Herlaarhof: Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.
authors.forename: Ruby A S
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.affiliation: International Victimology Institute Tilburg, Tilburg University, Centre for Educational Measurement, University of Oslo, Department of Developmental Psychology, Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology and Department of Tranzo, Tilburg University, Dimence: Centre for Infant Mental Health, and Herlaarhof: Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.
authors.forename: Anneke
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tooten
authors.affiliation: International Victimology Institute Tilburg, Tilburg University, Centre for Educational Measurement, University of Oslo, Department of Developmental Psychology, Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology and Department of Tranzo, Tilburg University, Dimence: Centre for Infant Mental Health, and Herlaarhof: Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.
authors.forename: Ad J J M
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Vingerhoets
authors.affiliation: International Victimology Institute Tilburg, Tilburg University, Centre for Educational Measurement, University of Oslo, Department of Developmental Psychology, Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology and Department of Tranzo, Tilburg University, Dimence: Centre for Infant Mental Health, and Herlaarhof: Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry International Victimology Institute Tilburg, Tilburg University, Centre for Educational Measurement, University of Oslo, Department of Developmental Psychology, Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology and Department of Tranzo, Tilburg University, Dimence: Centre for Infant Mental Health, and Herlaarhof: Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry International Victimology Institute Tilburg, Tilburg University, Centre for Educational Measurement, University of Oslo, Department of Developmental Psychology, Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology and Department of Tranzo, Tilburg University, Dimence: Centre for Infant Mental Health, and Herlaarhof: Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.
authors.forename: Hedwig J A
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: van Bakel
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001294:Attitude to Health; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature / Q000523:psychology*; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D009426:Netherlands; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology*; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: CLIP interview; parental perceptions; parent–infant interaction; postpartum experiences; prematurity.