title: The effects of commonly used intravitreal steroids on proliferation index of ciliary body-derived mesenchymal stem cells: an in vitro study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of commonly used intravitreal steroids on survival and proliferation (namely, proliferation index) of ciliary body-derived mesenchymal stem cells (CB-MSC).
  
  
  METHODS
  CB-MSCs were isolated from newborn rats' eye, and they were expanded in the medium. Commonly used intravitreal steroids such as dexamethasone (Dex) and triamcinolone acetonide (TA) were added into the medium at commonly used concentration in clinical practice (0.1 mg/mL) and at lower concentration (0.01 mg/mL). Proliferation indexes of CB-MSCs were analyzed with the xCELLigence system at nine consecutive times (at 3rd, 6th, 21th, 30th, 45th, 60th, 75th, 90th and 100th h).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both TA and Dex at both 0.01 mg/mL and 0.1 mg/mL concentrations had negative effect on proliferation indexes of CB-MSC. Although negative effect of TA on proliferation index of CB-MSC at both concentrations was not statistically significant, statistically significant negative effect of Dex at 0.01 mg/mL concentration started 60th h (p = 0.017) and 0.1 mg/mL concentration started 30th h (p = 0.014).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Even therapeutic doses of intravitreal corticosteroid agents might have negative effects on limited numbers of stem cells. Especially, Dex caused statistically significant toxic effects on CB-MSCs even at lower concentrations of those used clinically. These novel findings deserve further in vivo investigations.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine , Yıldırım Beyazıt University , Ankara , Turkey .
authors.forename: M Necati
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Demir
authors.affiliation: b Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine , Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey .
authors.forename: Ugur
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Acar
authors.affiliation: b Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine , Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey .
authors.forename: Gungor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sobaci
authors.affiliation: c Center of Cell Research and Genetic Diagnosis, Dıskapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Research and Training Hospital , Ankara , Turkey .
authors.forename: Ferda Alpaslan
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Pınarlı
authors.affiliation: d Ophthalmology Department , Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Research and Training Hospital , Ankara , Turkey .
authors.forename: Damla
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Erginturk Acar
authors.affiliation: e Department of Ophthalmology , Samsun Research and Training Hospital , Samsun , Turkey , and.
authors.forename: Emrullah
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Beyazyıldız
authors.affiliation: c Center of Cell Research and Genetic Diagnosis, Dıskapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Research and Training Hospital , Ankara , Turkey .
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yesilyurt
authors.affiliation: f Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism , Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine , Ankara , Turkey.
authors.forename: Tuncay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Delibasi
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology; D002924:Ciliary Body / Q000166:cytology*; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000633:toxicity*; D058449:Intravitreal Injections; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D010011:Osteocytes / Q000166:cytology; D051381:Rats; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D003907:Dexamethasone; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide
keywords: Ciliary body; corticosteroid; dexamethasone; intravitreal injections; mesenchymal stem cell; triamcinolone acetonide