title: Chronic bacterial seminal vesiculitis as a potential disease entity in men with chronic prostatitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate bacterial infection in the seminal vesicles by bacteriological examination and radionuclide imaging in men with chronic prostatitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 50 patients with chronic prostatitis who showed hot uptake in seminal vesicles on Tc-99m ciprofloxacin imaging and eight patients who did not show hot uptake. The evaluation included the National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index and four-glass test. In all participants, transperineal aspiration of seminal vesicle fluid under the guidance of transrectal ultrasonography and bacteriological examination was carried out.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 50 patients who showed hot uptake in the seminal vesicles on the isotope study, microorganisms were isolated from the seminal vesicle fluid in 17 patients (positive predictive value, 34%). The most common causative organisms were Escherichia coli in 13 patients (26%), followed by coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species in two patients (4%), Enterococcus faecalis in one patient (2%) and Chlamydia trachomatis in one patient (2%). No microorganisms were isolated in the eight patients who did not show hot uptake in the seminal vesicles (negative predictive value, 100%). However, there were no significant differences in National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index total scores and subscores between the study groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chronic bacterial seminal vesiculitis might simultaneously affect a considerable portion of patients with chronic prostatitis, although the clinical implication of the disease remains to be further investigated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Soo-Hwan
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Ji-Kan
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: Gwoan-Youb
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Choo
authors.forename: Yeun-Goo
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Do-Hwan
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Seong
authors.forename: Chang-Ho
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Won-Sik
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Choe
authors.forename: Dong-Soo
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: In Young
authors.initials: IY
authors.lastname: Hyun
authors.forename: Jun-Kyu
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Suh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015609:Organotechnetium Compounds; D011472:Prostatitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000382:microbiology; D012669:Seminal Vesicles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000382:microbiology; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
chemical_list: D015609:Organotechnetium Compounds; C431804:Technetium Tc 99m ciprofloxacin; D002939:Ciprofloxacin
keywords: Tc-99m ciprofloxacin imaging; chronic bacterial seminal vesiculitis; chronic prostatitis