title: Increased frequency of circulating regulatory T cells in patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage.
abstract: Cerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a serious stroke subtype, currently lacking effective treatment. Recent research has shown that CD4(+)CD25(+)FOXP3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a key role in the immune response of ischemic stroke. However, Tregs in human hemorrhagic stroke are poorly investigated. In this study, a total of 90 ICH patients and 60 healthy controls were recruited. The frequency of circulating Tregs, plasma levels of TGF-β and IL-10, and the severity of neural dysfunction in ICH patients were investigated at different time points post ICH. We found that the peripheral frequency of Tregs in ICH patients was significantly increased, accompanied by boosted activated T cells. Importantly, the elevation of circulating Tregs in patients with severe dysfunction was much higher than that in less-severe patients, suggesting that disease severity affects circulating Tregs to exert regulatory function. Furthermore, both TGF-β and IL-10 that are related to the function of Tregs, were also increased in the peripheral blood of ICH patients. Our results demonstrate that Tregs-mediated immune imbalance might affect the development and severity of ICH, and suggest that Tregs may be used as tools and targets of cellular immunotherapy to effectively treat acute hemorrhagic stroke.
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province 450052, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province 453100, China.
authors.forename: Lijin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province 450052, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province 450052, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States.
authors.forename: Qing Mei
authors.initials: QM
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province 450052, China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province 450052, China.
authors.forename: Xinjing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province 450052, China.
authors.forename: Yutao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province 450052, China.
authors.forename: Haiman
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province 453100, China.
authors.forename: Xiulan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province 450052, China.
authors.forename: Xun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province 450052, China.
authors.forename: Chenyang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province 450052, China.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Basic Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province 450000, China. Electronic address: gmgong@zzu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Guangming
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province 450052, China. Electronic address: xuyuming@zzu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yuming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000473:pathology*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D016753:Interleukin-10
keywords: Cerebral hemorrhage; Cytokine; Flow cytometry; Regulatory T cells