title: The immune suppressive function of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in human diseases.
abstract: Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) functions as an immune suppressor by influencing immune cells' development, differentiation, tolerance induction and homeostasis. In human diseases, TGF-β has been revealed as an essential regulator of both innate and adaptive functions in autoimmune diseases. Furthermore, it plays a significant role in cancer by inhibiting immunosurveillance in the tumor-bearing host. A variety of TGF-β neutralizing anti-cancer therapies have been investigated based on the role of TGF-β in immunosuppression. New studies are focusing on combining TGF-β blockade with tumor vaccinations and immunogene therapies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery (RMH), The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria , Australia and.
authors.forename: Jingyi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sheng
authors.forename: Weisan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hong-Jian
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000276:immunology; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000737:chemistry*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000276:immunology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D012595:Scleroderma, Systemic / Q000276:immunology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; C508960:TGFB1 protein, human; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1
keywords: Autoimmune diseases; TGF-β; cancer; immune suppression