title: Biotransformations and biological activities of hop flavonoids.
abstract: Female hop cones are used extensively in the brewing industry, but there is now increasing interest in possible uses of hops for non-brewing purposes, especially in the pharmaceutical industry. Among pharmaceutically important compounds from hops are flavonoids, having proven anticarcinogenic, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and estrogenic effects. In this review we aim to present current knowledge on the biotransformation of flavonoids from hop cones with respect to products, catalysis and conversion. A list of microbial enzymatic reactions associated with gastrointestinal microbiota is presented. A comparative analysis of the biological activities of hop flavonoids and their biotransformation products is described, indicating where further research has potential for applications in the pharmaceutical industry.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Marcel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karabin
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Tereza
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hudcova
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Lukas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jelinek
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic. Electronic address: Pavel.Dostalek@vscht.cz.
authors.forename: Pavel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dostalek
mesh_terms: D001682:Biological Availability; D001709:Biotechnology; D001711:Biotransformation / Q000187:drug effects; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D027582:Humulus / Q000737:chemistry*; D008745:Methylation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids
keywords: Acylation; Biotransformation; Deglycosylation; Demethylation; Flavonoid; Glycosylation; Hop; Hydroxylation; Methylation; Prenylation