title: Personality changes after deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease.
abstract: Objectives. Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) is a recognized therapy that improves motor symptoms in advanced Parkinson's disease (PD). However, little is known about its impact on personality. To address this topic, we have assessed personality traits before and after STN-DBS in PD patients. Methods. Forty patients with advanced PD were assessed with the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI): the Urgency, Premeditation, Perseverance, Sensation Seeking impulsive behaviour scale (UPPS), and the Neuroticism and Lie subscales of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ-N, EPQ-L) before surgery and after three months of STN-DBS. Collateral information obtained from the UPPS was also reported. Results. Despite improvement in motor function and reduction in dopaminergic dosage patients reported lower score on the TCI Persistence and Self-Transcendence scales, after three months of STN-DBS, compared to baseline (P = 0.006; P = 0.024). Relatives reported significantly increased scores on the UPPS Lack of Premeditation scale at follow-up (P = 0.027). Conclusion. STN-DBS in PD patients is associated with personality changes in the direction of increased impulsivity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, 0027 Oslo, Norway ; Department of Gerontopsychiatry, Akershus University Hospital, 1478 Lørenskog, Norway ; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Uyen
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Pham
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, 0027 Oslo, Norway ; Department of Neurosurgery, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, 0027 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Anne-Kristin
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Solbakk
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, 0027 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Inger-Marie
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Skogseid
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, 0027 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Mathias
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6723-6865
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toft
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, 0450 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Are Hugo
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Pripp
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, 0027 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Ane Eidahl
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Konglund
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, 0027 Oslo, Norway ; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Stein
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Andersson
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, 0027 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Ira Ronit
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Haraldsen
authors.affiliation: Centre for Age-Related Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, 4068 Stavanger, Norway ; Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Dag
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Aarsland
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway ; Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, 0027 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Espen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dietrichs
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, 0027 Oslo, Norway ; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Ulrik Fredrik
authors.initials: UF
authors.lastname: Malt