title: Advances and challenges in the molecular biology and treatment of glioblastoma-is there any hope for the future?
abstract: Malignant gliomas, such as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), present some of the greatest challenges in the management of cancer patients worldwide. Even with aggressive surgical resections and recent advances in radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the prognosis for GBM patients remains dismal and quality of life is poor. Although new molecular pathways crucial to the biology and invasive ability of GBM are coming to light, translation of basic science achievements into clinical practice is slow. Optimal management requires a multidisciplinary approach and knowledge of potential complications arising from both disease and treatment. To help illustrate "where we are going" with GBM, we here include a detailed depiction of the molecular alterations underlying this fatal disease, as well as intensive research over the past two decades that has led to considerable advances in the understanding of basic GBM biology, pathogenesis and therapeutic approaches.
authors.affiliation: 1 Instituto Oncológico Nacional, Calle Gorgas, Ancon, Panamá ; 2 Instituto Oncológico Dr Rosell, Barcelona, Spain ; 3 IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy ; 4 Cancer Biology and Precision Medicine Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain ; 5 Molecular Oncology Research (MORe) Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Ignacio
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Veliz
authors.affiliation: 1 Instituto Oncológico Nacional, Calle Gorgas, Ancon, Panamá ; 2 Instituto Oncológico Dr Rosell, Barcelona, Spain ; 3 IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy ; 4 Cancer Biology and Precision Medicine Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain ; 5 Molecular Oncology Research (MORe) Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Loo
authors.affiliation: 1 Instituto Oncológico Nacional, Calle Gorgas, Ancon, Panamá ; 2 Instituto Oncológico Dr Rosell, Barcelona, Spain ; 3 IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy ; 4 Cancer Biology and Precision Medicine Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain ; 5 Molecular Oncology Research (MORe) Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Omar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Castillo
authors.affiliation: 1 Instituto Oncológico Nacional, Calle Gorgas, Ancon, Panamá ; 2 Instituto Oncológico Dr Rosell, Barcelona, Spain ; 3 IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy ; 4 Cancer Biology and Precision Medicine Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain ; 5 Molecular Oncology Research (MORe) Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Niki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Karachaliou
authors.affiliation: 1 Instituto Oncológico Nacional, Calle Gorgas, Ancon, Panamá ; 2 Instituto Oncológico Dr Rosell, Barcelona, Spain ; 3 IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy ; 4 Cancer Biology and Precision Medicine Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain ; 5 Molecular Oncology Research (MORe) Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Nigro
authors.affiliation: 1 Instituto Oncológico Nacional, Calle Gorgas, Ancon, Panamá ; 2 Instituto Oncológico Dr Rosell, Barcelona, Spain ; 3 IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy ; 4 Cancer Biology and Precision Medicine Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain ; 5 Molecular Oncology Research (MORe) Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rosell
keywords: Glioblastoma; targeted therapies; temozolomide (TMZ)