title: [Effects of neonatal nutritional status on the risk for metabolic syndrome in Chilean obese children].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Neonatal malnutrition defined by birth weight (BW) is a risk factor for obesity and cardio-metabolic diseases in adults. Neonatal ponderal index (NPI) may have better diagnostic value than BW to establish nutritional status.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effect of neonatal nutritional status, established by the three NPI curves available in Chile, on the risk of Metabolic Syndrome (MS) in obese school children.
  
  
  METHODS
  A nested case/control study in a sample of 410 obese school children aged 10 to 16 years (57% males) was performed. The dichotomous response variable was the presence of MS defined as International Diabetes Federation (IDF) or Cook's criteria. The exposure variable was having NPI < percentile (p) 10.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequency of MS was 36 and 39% according to the IDF and Cook criteria, respectively. The proportion of children with neonatal malnutrition exceeded 20%. A significantly increased risk for MS was only found when PNI was defined according to Lagos's Table and MS was defined using IDF criteria. Having a PNI > p90, however, showed a trend towards a reduced risk of MS, which only reached significance using Lagos's Table and Cook's Criteria.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neonatal malnutrition defined by NPI is common in obese school children. The condition of neonatal under nutrition defined as PNI < p10 may be a risk factor for developing MS. Instead, having a NPI > p90 could be protective.
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sapunar
authors.forename: Paulina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bustos
authors.forename: Katia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sáez
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Muñoz
authors.forename: Sylvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Asenjo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D001724:Birth Weight; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002677:Chile; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D009752:Nutritional Status; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D012307:Risk Factors