title: The influence of brushing motion on the cutting behavior of 3 reciprocating files in oval-shaped canals.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to compare the cutting efficiency of 3 reciprocating single-file systems used with a brushing motion in oval-shaped canals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty premolars with single oval canals were selected and randomly assigned to 3 groups according to the file used in canal instrumentation: R25 Reciproc (VDW, Munich, Germany), Primary WaveOne ((Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland), and a novel prototype instrument (UFile; MicoMega, Besancon, France). Instrumentation was performed in 4 consecutive steps; according to manufacturers' instructions, 5 brushing strokes against the buccal wall with a nonworking instrument followed by another 5 and 15 brushing strokes with a working file. Cone-beam computed tomographic scans were taken after each step of preparation. Pre- and postinstrumentation images were superimposed at the apical and midroot levels and then evaluated in terms of changes in the maximum buccolingual (ΔBL) and mesiodistal dimensions (ΔMD).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Instrumentation with a brushing motion resulted in the following findings. At the apical levels, no significant difference was found in ΔBL for the 3 groups (P > .05). However, ΔMD was significantly less for the Reciproc (P = .006) and UFile (P = .03) groups. At the midroot levels, the UFile group showed the highest significance in terms of ΔBL (P < .0001) but the lowest in terms of ΔMD (P = .003). ΔMD was significantly the highest for the WaveOne group at the midroot levels (P = .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prototype file was more efficient than the other files at the midroot levels, whereas all systems acted the same at the apical levels. The increase in the number of brushing strokes resulted in more dentinal cutting in the direction of those strokes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon.
authors.forename: Shereen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alattar
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon. Electronic address: walidnehmeendo@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Walid
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Nehme
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Paul Sabatier University-Toulouse III, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Franck
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Diemer
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon.
authors.forename: Alfred
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Naaman
mesh_terms: D001641:Bicuspid / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D009038:Motion; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods
keywords: Brushing motion; CBCT; cutting efficiency; oval canal; reciprocating