title: Simultaneous suppression of PCDD/F and NO(x) during municipal solid waste incineration.
abstract: Thiourea was tested as a dioxins inhibitor in a full-scale municipal solid waste incinerator with high capacity (34 t h(-1)). The suppressant, featuring a high S- and N-content, was converted into liquor and then injected (35 kg h(-1)) into the furnace (850 °C) through the inlets already used for Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction (SNCR) of flue gas NOx. The first results show that thiourea reduces the dioxins in flue gas by 55.8 wt.%, those in fly ash by 90.3 wt.% and the total dioxins emission factor by 91.0 wt.%. The concentration of PCDD/Fs was 0.08 ng TEQ Nm(-3), below the national standard of 0.1 ng TEQ Nm(-3). The weight average chlorination degree of dioxins decreases slightly after adding the inhibitor, indicating that it suppresses both the formation and the chlorination of dioxins. Analysis of fly ash by scanning electron microscope (SEM) suggests that the particle size becomes larger after adding the inhibitor. Further analysis using an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) reveals that the sulphur content in fly ash rises, but the chlorine content declines when adding thiourea. These results suggest that poisoning the metal catalyst and blocking the chlorination are probably responsible for suppression. NOx reduction attains 42.6 wt.%. These tests are paving the way for further industrial application and assist in controlling the future emissions of dioxins and NOx from MSWI.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoqing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Institute of Energy and Power Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
authors.forename: Mi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Ahui
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Mingxiu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhan
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Jianying
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China. Electronic address: lixd@cmee.zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiaodong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Shengyong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Alfons
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Buekens
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Jianhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002384:Catalysis; D002713:Chlorine / Q000032:analysis; D060729:Coal Ash / Q000737:chemistry; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017745:Incineration; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D012037:Refuse Disposal / Q000379:methods*; D013890:Thiourea / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D060729:Coal Ash; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D002713:Chlorine; D013890:Thiourea
keywords: Dioxins; Incineration; Municipal solid waste; NO(x); Suppression; Thiourea