title: Investigation of the utility of complementary electrochemical detection techniques to examine the in vitro affinity of bacterial flagellins for a toll-like receptor 5 biosensor.
abstract: An initial investigation of the fabrication of a novel biosensor utilizing toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) has been conducted. The detection assay using this sensor platform has been carried out using two complementary electrochemical techniques. The electrochemical properties of the modified bare gold surface following TLR5 immobilization were characterized. The electrochemical response to changes in the sensor film resistance and electron charge-transfer permittivity triggered by independent exposures to flagellins from Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium) and Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) were examined and observed. The quantified film resistance data gathered using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) over a macroscopic scale are in significant agreement with the corresponding electron charge-transfer permittivity measured locally by scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). Unlike other sensors that exploit pathogen recognition elements, TLR5 biosensors have the potential to carry out broad-spectrum detection of flagellated bacterial pathogens in near real time. This broad-spectrum detection platform is a significant step toward the development of fast, inexpensive clinical tools for early warning diagnoses and immediate on-site treatment.
authors.affiliation: †Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada.|‡Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.
authors.forename: Zhe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: She
authors.affiliation: §Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Royal Military College of Canada, P.O. Box 17000, Station Forces, Kingston, Ontario K7K 7B4, Canada.
authors.forename: Kristin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Topping
authors.affiliation: ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.|∥Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada.
authors.forename: Mohtashim H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Shamsi
authors.affiliation: †Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada.|‡Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: §Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Royal Military College of Canada, P.O. Box 17000, Station Forces, Kingston, Ontario K7K 7B4, Canada.|⊥Bio-Analysis Group, Defence Research and Development Canada-Suffield Research Centre, P.O. Box 4000, Station Main, Medicine Hat, Alberta T1A 8K6, Canada.
authors.forename: Nora W C
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: †Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada.|‡Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.|§Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Royal Military College of Canada, P.O. Box 17000, Station Forces, Kingston, Ontario K7K 7B4, Canada.
authors.forename: Heinz-Bernhard
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Kraatz
mesh_terms: D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000737:chemistry*; D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques; D005408:Flagellin / Q000737:chemistry*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000737:chemistry*; D051198:Toll-Like Receptor 5 / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D051198:Toll-Like Receptor 5; D005408:Flagellin