title: Antimicrobial interventions for O157:H7 and non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli on beef subprimal and mechanically tenderized steaks.
abstract: Non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is an emerging risk for food safety. Although numerous postharvest antimicrobial interventions have been effectively used to control E. coli O157:H7 during beef harvesting, research regarding their effectiveness against non-O157 STEC is scarce. The objectives of this study were (i) to evaluate effects of the spray treatments-ambient water, 5% lactic acid (LA), 200 ppm of hypobromous acid (HA), and 200 ppm of peroxyacetic acid (PA)-on the reduction of O157:H7 or non-O157 STEC (O26, O103, O111, and O145) with high (10(6) log CFU/50 cm(2)) or low (10(2) log CFU/50 cm(2)) levels on beef subprimals after vacuum storage for 14 days and (ii) to evaluate the association of the antimicrobial treatments and cooking (50 or 70°C) on the reduction of the pathogens in blade-tenderized steaks. The treatment effects were only observed (P = 0.012) on samples taken immediately after spray intervention treatment following inoculation with a high level of O157:H7. The LA and PA treatments significantly reduced low-inoculated non-O157 STEC after spray intervention; further, the LA and HA treatments resulted in significant reductions of non-O157 STEC on the low-inoculated samples after storage. Although cooking effectively reduced the detection of pathogens in internal steak samples, internalized E. coli O157:H7 and non-O157 STEC were able to survive in steaks cooked to a medium degree of doneness (70°C). This study indicated that the reduction on surface populations was not sufficient enough to eliminate the pathogen's detection following vacuum storage, mechanical tenderization, and cooking. Nevertheless, the findings of this study emphasize the necessity for a multihurdle approach and further investigations of factors that may influence thermal tolerance of internalized pathogenic STEC.
authors.affiliation: International Center for Food Industry Excellence, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Box 42141, Lubbock, Texas 79409, USA.
authors.forename: Yen-Te
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: International Center for Food Industry Excellence, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Box 42141, Lubbock, Texas 79409, USA.
authors.forename: J Chance
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Brooks
authors.affiliation: International Center for Food Industry Excellence, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Box 42141, Lubbock, Texas 79409, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.affiliation: International Center for Food Industry Excellence, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Box 42141, Lubbock, Texas 79409, USA.
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Echeverry
authors.affiliation: International Center for Food Industry Excellence, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Box 42141, Lubbock, Texas 79409, USA.
authors.forename: Guy H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Loneragan
authors.affiliation: International Center for Food Industry Excellence, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Box 42141, Lubbock, Texas 79409, USA. mindy.brashears@ttu.edu.
authors.forename: Mindy M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Brashears
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001959:Bromates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002417:Cattle; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003296:Cooking; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D019453:Escherichia coli O157 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005511:Food Handling / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D005516:Food Microbiology; D059022:Food Safety; D061353:Food Storage / Q000379:methods; D006358:Hot Temperature; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008460:Meat / Q000382:microbiology*; D010463:Peracetic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D054323:Shiga-Toxigenic Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014618:Vacuum
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D001959:Bromates; D019344:Lactic Acid; C027664:hypobromous acid; D010463:Peracetic Acid