title: Antepartal insulin-like growth factor 1 and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 concentrations are indicative of ketosis in dairy cows.
abstract: A study involving a small number of cows found that the concentrations of insulin-like growth hormone 1 (IGF1) may be a useful predictor of metabolic disease. Further, IGF1 may provide also a pathophysiological link to metabolic diseases such as ketosis. The objective of the current study was to test whether the low antepartal total IGF1 or IGF1 binding protein (IGFBP) concentrations might predict ketosis under field conditions. Clinical examinations and blood sampling were performed antepartum (262-270 d after artificial insemination) on 377 pluriparous pregnant Holstein Friesian cows. The presence of postpartum diseases were recorded (ketosis, fatty liver, displacement of the abomasum, hypocalcemia, mastitis, retention of fetal membranes, and clinical metritis or endometritis), and the concentrations of IGF1, IGFBP2, IGFBP3, and nonesterified fatty acids were measured. Cows with postpartum clinical ketosis had lower IGF1 concentrations antepartum than healthy cows. The sensitivity of antepartal IGF1 as a marker for postpartum ketosis was 0.87, and the specificity was 0.43; a positive predictive value of 0.91 and a negative predictive value of 0.35 were calculated. The cows with ketosis and retained fetal membranes had lower IGFBP2 concentrations compared with the healthy cows. It can be speculated that lower IGF1 production in the liver during late pregnancy may increase growth hormone secretions and lipolysis, thereby increasing the risk of ketosis. Lower IGFBP2 concentrations may reflect the suppression of IGFBP2 levels through higher growth hormone secretion. In conclusion, compared with nonesterified fatty acids as a predictive parameter, IGF1 and IGFBP2 may represent earlier biomarkers of inadequate metabolic adaptation to the high energy demand required postpartum.
authors.affiliation: University of Veterinary Medicine, Clinic for Cattle, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173 Hannover, Germany. Electronic address: marion.piechotta@tiho-hannover.de.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Piechotta
authors.affiliation: University of Veterinary Medicine, Clinic for Cattle, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173 Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Mysegades
authors.affiliation: Department of Statistics, TU Dortmund University, Vogelpothsweg 87, 44221 Dortmund, Germany.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ligges
authors.affiliation: Department of Statistics, TU Dortmund University, Vogelpothsweg 87, 44221 Dortmund, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lilienthal
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology, Mouse Genetics, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hoeflich
authors.affiliation: Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, 080-8555 Hokkaido, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse-Faculty University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 260, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bollwein
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004716:Endometritis / Q000662:veterinary; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006996:Hypocalcemia / Q000378:metabolism; D007315:Insemination, Artificial / Q000662:veterinary; D018971:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism*; D007662:Ketosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D049590:Postpartum Period / Q000502:physiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011644:Puerperal Disorders / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D018971:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 2; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I
keywords: dairy cow; insulin-like growth factor 1; insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2; ketosis; transition period