title: Natural radionuclides in cigarette tobacco from Serbian market and effective dose estimate from smoke inhalation.
abstract: The activity concentrations of natural radionuclides ((40)K, (210)Pb, (210)Po, (226)Ra and (228)Ra) in 17 most frequently used cigarette brands in Serbia and corresponding effective doses due to smoke inhalation are presented. The mean annual effective doses for (210)Pb and (210)Po were estimated to be 47.3 and 724 µSv y(-1) for (210)Pb and (210)Po, respectively. Serbia currently has the highest smoking rate in the world. The results of this study indicate the high contribution of the annual effective dose due to smoke inhalation to the total inhalation dose from natural radionuclides. The more effective implementation of actions for reducing smoking prevalence in Serbia is highly needed.
authors.affiliation: Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, PO Box 522, Belgrade 11001, Serbia.
authors.forename: Ljiljana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Janković Mandić
authors.affiliation: Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, PO Box 522, Belgrade 11001, Serbia.
authors.forename: Maja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Đolić
authors.affiliation: Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, PO Box 522, Belgrade 11001, Serbia.
authors.forename: Dragana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Marković
authors.affiliation: Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, PO Box 522, Belgrade 11001, Serbia.
authors.forename: Dragana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Todorović
authors.affiliation: Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, PO Box 522, Belgrade 11001, Serbia.
authors.forename: Antonije
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Onjia
authors.affiliation: Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, PO Box 522, Belgrade 11001, Serbia sdragovic@vinca.rs.
authors.forename: Snežana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dragović
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000396:Air Pollutants, Radioactive / Q000032:analysis; D005720:Gamma Rays; D006801:Humans; D019570:Inhalation Exposure / Q000032:analysis; D007856:Lead Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis; D011059:Polonium / Q000032:analysis; D011197:Potassium Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011868:Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis*; D011883:Radium / Q000032:analysis; D055771:Serbia; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D062789:Tobacco Products / Q000032:analysis*; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000396:Air Pollutants, Radioactive; D007856:Lead Radioisotopes; D011197:Potassium Radioisotopes; D011868:Radioisotopes; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; D011059:Polonium; D011883:Radium