title: Efficacy of antimicrobial compounds on surface decontamination of seven Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli and Salmonella inoculated onto fresh beef.
abstract: Several antimicrobial compounds have been used in commercial meat processing plants for decontamination of pathogens on beef carcasses, but there are many commercially available, novel antimicrobial compounds that may be more effective and suitable for use in beef processing pathogen-reduction programs. Sixty-four prerigor beef flanks (cutaneous trunci) were used in a study to determine whether hypobromous acid, neutral acidified sodium chlorite, and two citric acid-based antimicrobial compounds effectively reduce seven Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) serogroups and Salmonella on the surface of fresh beef. Two cocktail mixtures were inoculated onto prerigor beef flank surfaces. Cocktail mixture 1 was composed of STEC serogroups O26, O103, O111, O145, and O157; and cocktail mixture 2 was composed of STEC serogroups O45, O121, and O157 and Salmonella. The inoculated fresh beef flanks were subjected to spray treatments with four antimicrobial compounds. Following antimicrobial treatments, both control and treated fresh beef samples were either enumerated immediately or were stored for 48 h at 4°C before enumeration. All four antimicrobial compounds caused 0.7- to 2.0-log reductions of STEC, Salmonella, aerobic plate counts, and Enterobacteriaceae. Results also indicated that the four antimicrobial compounds were as effective at reducing the six non-O157 STEC strains as they were at reducing E. coli O157:H7 on the surfaces of fresh beef. The recovery of all seven STEC strains and Salmonella in a low-inoculation study indicated that none of the four antimicrobial compounds eliminated all of the tested pathogens.
authors.affiliation: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, P.O. Box 166, State Spur 18D, Clay Center, Nebraska 68933-0166, USA. norasak.kalchayanand@ars.usda.gov.
authors.forename: Norasak
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kalchayanand
authors.affiliation: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, P.O. Box 166, State Spur 18D, Clay Center, Nebraska 68933-0166, USA.
authors.forename: Terrance M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Arthur
authors.affiliation: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, P.O. Box 166, State Spur 18D, Clay Center, Nebraska 68933-0166, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bosilevac
authors.affiliation: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, P.O. Box 166, State Spur 18D, Clay Center, Nebraska 68933-0166, USA.
authors.forename: John W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.affiliation: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, P.O. Box 166, State Spur 18D, Clay Center, Nebraska 68933-0166, USA.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, P.O. Box 166, State Spur 18D, Clay Center, Nebraska 68933-0166, USA.
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shackelford
authors.affiliation: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, P.O. Box 166, State Spur 18D, Clay Center, Nebraska 68933-0166, USA.
authors.forename: Tommy L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Wheeler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001959:Bromates; D002417:Cattle; D019343:Citric Acid; D003666:Decontamination / Q000379:methods*; D004926:Escherichia coli; D019453:Escherichia coli O157 / Q000187:drug effects; D005511:Food Handling; D005516:Food Microbiology / Q000379:methods; D008460:Meat / Q000382:microbiology*; D012475:Salmonella / Q000187:drug effects*; D022621:Shiga Toxin; D054323:Shiga-Toxigenic Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects*; D012965:Sodium Chloride
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D001959:Bromates; D019343:Citric Acid; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D022621:Shiga Toxin; C027664:hypobromous acid