title: Esthetic perception of facial profile after treatment with the Thurow Appliance.
abstract: The objective of this article was to investigate the perception of esthetic changes in the facial profile of bilateral Class II patients treated with the Modified Thurow Appliance for extraoral treatment. Silhouettes were traced of profiles of patients who initially presented a bilateral Class II molar relationship and who, post-treatment, presented molars in a Class I relationship. Three groups were formed: the first composed of patients with maxillary protrusion (SNA >84°), the second with maxillary retrusion (SNA <80°), and the third with a well-positioned maxilla (SNA 80-84°). A panel of 200 lay evaluators judged the profile esthetics by a randomized drawing of the silhouettes. The multiple analysis results showed that the profile esthetic scores for the three positions of the maxilla were greatly influenced by significant interactions with the characteristics (like sex and age) of the evaluators: retrusive maxilla (Score *Age Group, p < 0.001), normal maxilla (Score *Sex, p = 0.024; Score *Age Group, p = 0.050) and protrusive maxilla (Score *Age Group, p < 0.001). It was observed that the profile of Class II patients with protrusion, normal relationship and retrusion of the maxilla, improved in their esthetic post-treatment result; however, the evaluators showed greater satisfaction with the groups of protrusion and normal position of the maxilla. The Modified Thurow Appliance provided significant improvements in the esthetics of the profile of patients who presented protrusion and normal position of the maxilla. However, its use was not the best treatment option for patients with maxillary retrusion.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ortodontia, Curso de Odontologia, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Jequié, BA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Matheus Melo
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Pithon
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Clínica Infantil, Curso de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, PB, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rogério
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lacerda-Santos
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ortodontia, Curso de Odontologia, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Jequié, BA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Danillo Lyrio de
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ortodontia, Curso de Odontologia, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Jequié, BA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Janaína Viana
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ortodontia, Curso de Odontologia, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Jequié, BA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Joyce Pereira
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Britto
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ortodontia, Curso de Odontologia, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Jequié, BA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eduardo da Silva
authors.initials: Eda S
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ortodontia, Curso de Odontologia, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Jequié, BA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leandro Pereira
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciência da Computação, Curso de Sistema da Informação, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Jequié, BA, Brazil.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Barbosa
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Epidemiologia, Curso de Odontologia, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Jequié, BA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Raildo da Silva
authors.initials: Rda S
authors.lastname: Coqueiro
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciência da Computação, Curso de Sistema da Informação, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Jequié, BA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alex Ferreira Dos
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Santos
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002508:Cephalometry; D002648:Child; D004955:Esthetics, Dental; D005145:Face / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000628:therapy*; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances; D010465:Perception; D011378:Prognathism / Q000628:therapy; D063173:Retrognathia / Q000628:therapy; D012737:Sex Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult