title: Detailed analysis of the African green monkey model of Nipah virus disease.
abstract: Henipaviruses are implicated in severe and frequently fatal pneumonia and encephalitis in humans. There are no approved vaccines or treatments available for human use, and testing of candidates requires the use of well-characterized animal models that mimic human disease. We performed a comprehensive and statistically-powered evaluation of the African green monkey model to define parameters critical to disease progression and the extent to which they correlate with human disease. African green monkeys were inoculated by the intratracheal route with 2.5 × 10(4) plaque forming units of the Malaysia strain of Nipah virus. Physiological data captured using telemetry implants and assessed in conjunction with clinical pathology were consistent with shock, and histopathology confirmed widespread tissue involvement associated with systemic vasculitis in animals that succumbed to acute disease. In addition, relapse encephalitis was identified in 100% of animals that survived beyond the acute disease phase. Our data suggest that disease progression in the African green monkey is comparable to the variable outcome of Nipah virus infection in humans.
authors.affiliation: Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Sara C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Johnston
authors.affiliation: Center for Infection and Immunity, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W. 168th Street, New York, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Briese
authors.affiliation: Pathology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Todd M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.affiliation: Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: William D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Pratt
authors.affiliation: Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Joshua D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Shamblin
authors.affiliation: Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Heather L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Esham
authors.affiliation: Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Ginger C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Donnelly
authors.affiliation: Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Joshua C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Lisa E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Hensley
authors.affiliation: Center for Infection and Immunity, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W. 168th Street, New York, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: W Ian
authors.initials: WI
authors.lastname: Lipkin
authors.affiliation: Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Anna N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Honko
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops / Q000821:virology*; D003141:Communicable Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018450:Disease Progression; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D045464:Henipavirus Infections / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology*; D008296:Malaysia; D045405:Nipah Virus / Q000472:pathogenicity*