title: Role of the immunogenic and tolerogenic subsets of dendritic cells in multiple sclerosis.
abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disorder in the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by inflammation and demyelination as well as axonal and neuronal degeneration. So far effective therapies to reverse the disease are still lacking; most therapeutic drugs can only ameliorate the symptoms or reduce the frequency of relapse. Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen presenting cells (APCs) that are key players in both mediating immune responses and inducing immune tolerance. Increasing evidence indicates that DCs contribute to the pathogenesis of MS and might provide an avenue for therapeutic intervention. Here, we summarize the immunogenic and tolerogenic roles of DCs in MS and review medicinal drugs that may affect functions of DCs and have been applied in clinic for MS treatment. We also describe potential therapeutic molecules that can target DCs by inducing anti-inflammatory cytokines and inhibiting proinflammatory cytokines in MS.
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
authors.forename: Zhong-Xiang
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China ; Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Hong-Liang
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
authors.forename: Xiu-Juan
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China ; Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
authors.forename: Di-Hui
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000276:immunology; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000276:immunology*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000276:immunology*