title: Combined effects of larval exposure to a heat wave and chlorpyrifos in northern and southern populations of the damselfly Ischnura elegans.
abstract: Heat waves are generally associated with an increased energy consumption and could thus increase the vulnerability to subsequent pesticide exposure. We investigated the combined effect of a heat wave and subsequent exposure to the pesticide chlorpyrifos in Ischnura elegans damselfly larvae. To assess local thermal adaptation to heat waves, we applied these combined stressors on replicated low- and high-latitude populations in Europe. Unexpectedly, we observed positive sublethal effects of the heat wave: fat content and phenoloxidase activity increased. Chlorpyrifos had strong negative effects on survival, growth rate, and fat content, while phenoloxidase activity increased; these effects between latitudes were found similar. We found little indication of a higher ability to withstand a heat wave in southern larvae. We did detect a synergistic negative effect on AChE activity. This result highlights the importance of considering delayed effects of extreme temperature events when assessing the impact of pesticides under climate change.
authors.affiliation: CEREMA DTer IdF, Département Ville durable, 12 rue Teisserenc de Bort, 78197 Trappes-en-Yvelines, France; Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, University of Leuven, Ch. Debériotstraat 32, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium. Electronic address: helene.arambourou@irstea.fr.
authors.forename: Hélène
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arambourou
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, University of Leuven, Ch. Debériotstraat 32, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Robby
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stoks
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D004390:Chlorpyrifos / Q000633:toxicity*; D057231:Climate Change; D005060:Europe; D005843:Geography; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase / Q000378:metabolism; D063191:Odonata / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D010575:Pesticides; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase; D004390:Chlorpyrifos
keywords: Chlorpyrifos; Damselfly larvae; Heat wave; Latitude; Thermal adaptation