title: Potential anti-obesogenic properties of non-digestible carbohydrates: specific focus on resistant dextrin.
abstract: Alterations in the composition and metabolic activity of the gut microbiota appear to contribute to the development of obesity and associated metabolic diseases. However, the extent of this relationship remains unknown. Modulating the gut microbiota with non-digestible carbohydrates (NDC) may exert anti-obesogenic effects through various metabolic pathways including changes to appetite regulation, glucose and lipid metabolism and inflammation. The NDC vary in physicochemical structure and this may govern their physical properties and fermentation by specific gut bacterial populations. Much research in this area has focused on established prebiotics, especially fructans (i.e. inulin and fructo-oligosaccharides); however, there is increasing interest in the metabolic effects of other NDC, such as resistant dextrin. Data presented in this review provide evidence from mechanistic and intervention studies that certain fermentable NDC, including resistant dextrin, are able to modulate the gut microbiota and may alter metabolic process associated with obesity, including appetite regulation, energy and lipid metabolism and inflammation. To confirm these effects and elucidate the responsible mechanisms, further well-controlled human intervention studies are required to investigate the impact of NDC on the composition and function of the gut microbiota and at the same time determine concomitant effects on host metabolism and physiology.
authors.affiliation: The University of Reading,Reading RG6 6AP,Berkshire,UK.
authors.forename: Mark R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Hobden
authors.affiliation: Roquette,Lestrem,France.
authors.forename: Laetitia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guérin-Deremaux
authors.affiliation: The University of Reading,Reading RG6 6AP,Berkshire,UK.
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rowland
authors.affiliation: The University of Reading,Reading RG6 6AP,Berkshire,UK.
authors.forename: Glenn R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Gibson
authors.affiliation: The University of Reading,Reading RG6 6AP,Berkshire,UK.
authors.forename: Orla B
authors.initials: OB
authors.lastname: Kennedy
mesh_terms: D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001069:Appetite Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D003912:Dextrins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D009765:Obesity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D003912:Dextrins
keywords: AXOS arabinoxylan-oligosaccharides; FFAR free-fatty acid receptor; FOS fructo-oligosaccharides; GLP-1 glucagon-like peptide-1; Metabolism; NDC non-digestible carbohydrate; Non-digestible carbohydrates; Obesity; PYY peptide YY; Prebiotics; Resistant dextrin