title: Formulation design for topical drug and nanoparticle treatment of skin disease.
abstract: The skin has evolved to resist the penetration of foreign substances and particles. Topical therapeutic and cosmeceutical delivery is a growing field founded on selectively overcoming this barrier. Both the biology of the skin and the nature of the formulation/active ingredient must be aligned for efficient transcutaneous delivery. This review discusses the biological changes in the skin barrier that occur with common dermatological conditions. This context is the foundation for the discussion of formulation strategies to improve penetration profiles of common active ingredients in dermatology. Finally, we compare and contrast those approaches to recent advances described in the research literature with an eye toward the future of topical formulation design.
authors.affiliation: Dermatology Research Centre, School of Medicine, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, The University of Queensland, Level 5 West Wing, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia.
authors.forename: Anthony P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Raphael
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Garrastazu
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sonvico
authors.forename: Tarl W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Prow
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000818:Animals; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods; D003879:Dermatologic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D015195:Drug Design; D006801:Humans; D053758:Nanoparticles; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D012869:Skin Absorption; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D003879:Dermatologic Agents