title: Clinical relevance of the glucocorticoid receptor gene polymorphisms in glucocorticoid-induced ocular hypertension and primary open angle glaucoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To avoid the side effects of ocular hypertension of glucocorticoid (GC) usage in eye, we must identify susceptible individuals, which exists in about one-third of all population. Further, the majority of all primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) patients show this phenotype. Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) regulates C responsiveness in trabecular meshwork (TM) cells. In this study, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping was used to determine whether there are differences in the BclI (rs41423247) and N363S (rs6195) polymorphisms of the GR gene in healthy and POAG patients, and glucocorticoid-induced ocular hypertension (GIOH) populations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hundred and twenty-seven unrelated Chinese adults, including 111 normal controls, 117 GIOH subjects and 99 POAG patients, were recruited. DNA samples were prepared and the BclI and N363S polymorphisms were screened using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. Frequencies of the BclI and N363S polymorphisms were determined and compared using Fisher's exact test and the Chi-squared test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only the BclI polymorphism was identified in the Chinese Han population. The frequency of the G allele was 21.6 % in normal controls, 18.3% in GIOH patients, and 13.64% in the POAG patients. There was no significant difference in polymorphism or allele frequency in the 3 groups. Furthermore, no N363S polymorphism was found in the study subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The BclI polymorphisms in GR gene had no association with GIOH and POAG patients, and N363S polymorphism might not exist in the Chinese Han population. Therefore, the BclI polymorphism might not be responsible for the development of GC-induced ocular hypertension or POAG.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
authors.forename: Xiu-Qing
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China.
authors.forename: Zhao-Xia
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China.
authors.forename: Xiang-Ge
authors.initials: XG
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
authors.forename: Xi-Yuan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Zhou
keywords: glucocorticoid-induced ocular hypertension; gucocorticoid receptor; polymorphism; primary open-angle glaucoma