title: Identification and characterization of a novel tick-borne flavivirus subtype in goats (Capra hircus) in Spain.
abstract: In 2011, a neurological disease was reported in a herd of goats (Capra hircus) in Asturias, Spain. Initial sequencing identified the causative agent as louping ill virus (LIV). Subsequently, with the application of whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis, empirical data demonstrates that the LIV-like virus detected is significantly divergent from LIV and Spanish sheep encephalitis virus (SSEV). This virus encoded an amino acid sequence motif at the site of a previously identified marker for differentiating tick-borne flaviviruses that was shared with a virus previously isolated in Ireland in 1968. The significance of these observations reflects the diversity of tick-borne flaviviruses in Europe. These data also contribute to our knowledge of the evolution of tick-borne flaviviruses and could reflect the movement of viruses throughout Europe. Based on these observations, the proposed name for this virus is Spanish goat encephalitis virus (SGEV), to distinguish it from SSEV.
authors.affiliation: 1Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), Woodham Lane, New Haw, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK.
authors.forename: Karen L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Mansfield
authors.affiliation: 2Animal Health Area-SERIDA, Camino de Rioseco 1225, Gijón 33394, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana Balseiro
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Morales
authors.affiliation: 1Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), Woodham Lane, New Haw, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK.
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: 3SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain.
authors.forename: Nieves
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ayllón
authors.affiliation: 3SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain.
authors.forename: Ursula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Höfle
authors.affiliation: 3SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain.
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Alberdi
authors.affiliation: 3SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain.
authors.forename: Isabel G
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Fernández de Mera
authors.affiliation: 4Pathological Anatomy Section, Animal Health Department, University of León, León 24007, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan Francisco García
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Marín
authors.affiliation: 3SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gortázar
authors.affiliation: 3SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain 5Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de la Fuente
authors.affiliation: 1Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), Woodham Lane, New Haw, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK 6Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7BE, UK 7NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7BE, UK.
authors.forename: Anthony R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Fooks
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004669:Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004675:Encephalitis, Tick-Borne / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D016679:Genome, Viral; D015511:Goat Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D006041:Goats / Q000821:virology*; D007494:Ireland; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017385:Sequence Homology; D013030:Spain
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral