title: Ripening-dependent metabolic changes in the volatiles of pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) fruit: I. Characterization of pineapple aroma compounds by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
abstract: Qualitative ripening-dependent changes of pineapple volatiles were studied via headspace solid-phase microextraction and analyzed by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography quadrupole mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC×GC-qMS). Early green-ripe stage, post-harvest ripened, and green-ripe fruits at the end of their commercial shelf-life were compared to air-freighted pineapples harvested at full maturity. In total, more than 290 volatiles could be identified by mass spectrometry and their linear retention indices. The majority of compounds comprise esters (methyl and ethyl esters of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, acetates), terpenes, alcohols, aldehydes, 2-ketones, free fatty acids, and miscellaneous γ- and δ-lactones. The structured separation space obtained by GC×GC allowed revealing various homologous series of compound classes as well as clustering of sesquiterpenes. Post-harvest ripening increased the diversity of the volatile profile compared to both early green-ripe maturity stages and on-plant ripened fruits.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Plant Foodstuff Technology and Analysis, Hohenheim University, Garbenstrasse 25, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany, christof.steingass@uni-hohenheim.de.
authors.forename: Christof Björn
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Steingass
authors.forename: Reinhold
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Carle
authors.forename: Hans-Georg
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Schmarr
mesh_terms: D031230:Ananas / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D009812:Odorants / Q000032:analysis; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds