title: Effects of phytochemicals on in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of Bifidobacterium adolescentis.
abstract: Probiotics have been shown to improve the condition of not only the human gastrointestinal tract but also the entire body. We found that quercetin enhances the anti-inflammatory activity of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, which is abundant in human intestines. Here, we assessed whether certain phytochemicals could enhance the anti-inflammatory activity of B. adolescentis. Bifidobacteria were anaerobically cultured with phytochemicals for 3 h, and the anti-inflammatory activity of the supernatants was estimated by testing their ability to inhibit nitric oxide (NO) production by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264 macrophages. Of the 55 phytochemicals tested, phloretin, (+)-taxifolin, and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate as well as quercetin-3-O-glucoside and quercetin-4'-O-glucoside were similar to quercetin in promoting NO suppression by B. adolescentis. In addition, the phytochemicals excluding quercetin increased the concentrations of lactic and acetic acids in the co-culture supernatants. These results suggest that some phytochemicals may activate the anti-inflammatory function of B. adolescentis.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Bioscience , Fukui Prefectural University , Fukui , Japan.
authors.forename: Kyuichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawabata
authors.forename: Yuri
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Taiken
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakano
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Baba
authors.forename: Kota
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hagiwara
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: Seigo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Baba
authors.forename: Midori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Natsume
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohigashi
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001644:Bifidobacterium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002392:Catechin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line / Q000187:drug effects; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005419:Flavonoids; D005960:Glucosides; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000494:pharmacology; D019936:Probiotics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011794:Quercetin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D005419:Flavonoids; D005960:Glucosides; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D064209:Phytochemicals; C532085:quercetin 3'-O-glucoside; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019344:Lactic Acid; D002392:Catechin; D011794:Quercetin; C003377:taxifolin; C045651:epigallocatechin gallate; D019342:Acetic Acid
keywords: Bifidobacterium adolescentis; anti-inflammatory activity; co-culture; functional interaction; phytochemicals