title: Evaluation of Kinetic Entropy of Breast Masses Initially Found on MRI using Whole-lesion Curve Distribution Data: Comparison with the Standard Kinetic Analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To quantify kinetic heterogeneity of breast masses that were initially detected with dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, using whole-lesion kinetic distribution data obtained from computer-aided evaluation (CAE), and to compare that with standard kinetic curve analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical MR images from 2006 to 2011 with breast masses initially detected with MRI were evaluated with CAE. The relative frequencies of six kinetic patterns (medium-persistent, medium-plateau, medium-washout, rapid-persistent, rapid-plateau, rapid-washout) within the entire lesion were used to calculate kinetic entropy (KE), a quantitative measure of enhancement pattern heterogeneity. Initial uptake (IU) and signal enhancement ratio (SER) were obtained from the most-suspicious kinetic curve. Mann-Whitney U test and ROC analysis were conducted for differentiation of malignant and benign masses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty benign and 37 malignant masses comprised the case set. IU and SER were not significantly different between malignant and benign masses, whereas KE was significantly greater for malignant than benign masses (p = 0.748, p = 0.083, and p < 0.0001, respectively). Areas under ROC curve for IU, SER, and KE were 0.479, 0.615, and 0.662, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Quantification of kinetic heterogeneity of whole-lesion time-curve data with KE has the potential to improve differentiation of malignant from benign breast masses on breast MRI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  • Kinetic heterogeneity can be quantified by computer-aided evaluation of breast MRI • Kinetic entropy was greater in malignant masses than benign masses • Kinetic entropy has the potential to improve differentiation of breast masses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Ave, MC 2026, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA, akikoshima@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shimauchi
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: David V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Schacht
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yulei
authors.forename: Federico D
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Pineda
authors.forename: Sanaz A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Jansen
authors.forename: Rajiv
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ganesh
authors.forename: Gillian M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Newstead
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003287:Contrast Media; D019277:Entropy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D007700:Kinetics; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D012372:ROC Curve; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media