title: Sleep Structure in Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.
abstract: The authors evaluated basic sleep architecture and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep alterations in drug-naïve attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) children without psychiatric or other comorbidities. This cross-sectional case-control study included 28 drug-naïve children with ADHD and 15 healthy controls. This subjective studies revealed that children with ADHD had a worse sleep quality and increased daytime sleepiness. Polysomnography data showed that the sleep macrostructure was not significantly different in children with ADHD. Sleep microstructure was altered in ADHD children by means of reduced total cyclic alternating pattern rate and duration of cyclic alternating pattern sequences. This reduction was associated with a selective decrease of A1 index during stage 2 NREM. SpO2 in total sleep was slightly decreased; however, the incidence of sleep disordered breathing showed no significant difference. The authors suggest that cyclic alternating pattern scoring would provide a further insight to obtain a better understanding of the sleep structure in children with ADHD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Neurology, Dr Behcet Uz Children's Hospital, Izmir, Turkey akinci.gulcin@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Gulcin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Akinci
authors.affiliation: Sleep Disease Center, Department of Neurology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Oztura
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Semra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hiz
authors.affiliation: Sleep Disease Center, Department of Neurology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ozlem
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Akdogan
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Dilay
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Karaarslan
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Handan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ozek
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Aynur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Akay
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017286:Polysomnography; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; children; cyclic alternating pattern scoring; nocturnal polysomnography; sleep