title: Effects of immunosuppression with tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil on renal histology and function in single kidney rats submitted to ischemia and reperfusion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate renal histological changes and renal function in single kidney rats submitted to renal ischemia-reperfusion and to immunosuppression with tacrolimus and mycophenolate-mofetil.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental study with 80 Wistar rats distributed into control, Sham and six other groups treated with immunosuppressive drugs. Animals undergoing surgery, right nephrectomy and left renal clamping, killed on the 14th day and analyzed for renal histology, urea and creatinine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The group receiving tacrolimus at higher doses (T3) showed renal histological lesions indicative of early nephrotoxicity, and significant increase in urea and creatinine. The group M (mycophenolate-mofetil alone) and the group M2 (mycophenolate-mofetil combined with half the usual dose of tacrolimus) presented a slight rise in serum urea. The groups using mycophenolate-mofetil alone or combined with tacrolimus showed creatinine levels similar to that of the group T3.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Histologically, the association of injury by ischemia-reperfusion with the use of tacrolimus or mycophenolate-mofetil alone demonstrated a higher rate of renal changes typical of early nephrotoxicity. In laboratory, the combination of injury by ischemia-reperfusion with tacrolimus at higher doses proved to be nephrotoxic.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Clinical Surgery, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo Henrique Goulart Fernandes
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gabriel Augusto
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Campinas University, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernando Goulart Fernandes
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.affiliation: Division of Pathology, UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Regina de Paula Xavier
authors.initials: Rde P
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Renato
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tambara Filho
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rogério de
authors.initials: Rd
authors.lastname: Fraga
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood; D007511:Ischemia / Q000150:complications*; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D009399:Nephrons / Q000187:drug effects; D011897:Random Allocation; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000150:complications*; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood; D013997:Time Factors; D014508:Urea / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D014508:Urea; D003404:Creatinine; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid; D016559:Tacrolimus