title: VEGF-Loaded Nanoparticle-Modified BAMAs Enhance Angiogenesis and Inhibit Graft Shrinkage in Tissue-Engineered Bladder.
abstract: Insufficient angiogenesis is a common problem in bladder tissue engineering and is believed to be a major factor responsible for graft shrinkage. In this study, we investigated the use of bladder acellular matrix allografts (BAMAs) modified with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) for the long-term sustained release of VEGF to enhance blood supply and inhibit graft shrinkage in a rabbit model of bladder reconstruction. Rabbits underwent partial bladder cystectomy using a 2 × 3 cm BAMA modified with VEGF-loaded PLGA NPs in the experimental group, while no modification was used in the control. Histology and immunohistochemical analyses showed that urothelium, smooth muscle fibers and blood vessels were formed in both groups at 4 and 12 weeks postoperatively. The microvessel density in the experiment group was significantly higher than that in control and the contracture rate declined to 27%. In vitro functional experiments indicated that the characteristics of regenerated bladders were similar to native bladders. The VEGF release from BAMA in vivo was almost 83% within 3 months. Our data demonstrated the effectiveness of VEGF-loaded PLGA NPs-modified BAMAs to enhance neovascularization and solve the problems of insufficient angiogenesis and graft shrinkage associated with bladder tissue engineering.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Urology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
authors.forename: Xincheng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Urology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
authors.forename: Qianwei
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Urology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
authors.forename: Guofeng
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Urology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
authors.forename: Houwei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Urology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoliang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication of Ministry of Education, Department of Bio-Nano Science and Engineering, Institute of Mic-Nano Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Daxiang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Urology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
authors.forename: Maosheng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Urology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China. ghongquan@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Hongquan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Geng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000737:chemistry*; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011817:Rabbits; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D001743:Urinary Bladder; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C467498:vascular endothelial growth factor A, rat; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid
keywords: Acellular matrix allograft; Angiogenesis; Bladder regeneration; Graft shrinkage; PLGA nanoparticles; Tissue engineering; Vascular endothelial growth factor