title: Harnessing CRISPR-Cas systems for bacterial genome editing.
abstract: Manipulation of genomic sequences facilitates the identification and characterization of key genetic determinants in the investigation of biological processes. Genome editing via clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated (Cas) constitutes a next-generation method for programmable and high-throughput functional genomics. CRISPR-Cas systems are readily reprogrammed to induce sequence-specific DNA breaks at target loci, resulting in fixed mutations via host-dependent DNA repair mechanisms. Although bacterial genome editing is a relatively unexplored and underrepresented application of CRISPR-Cas systems, recent studies provide valuable insights for the widespread future implementation of this technology. This review summarizes recent progress in bacterial genome editing and identifies fundamental genetic and phenotypic outcomes of CRISPR targeting in bacteria, in the context of tool development, genome homeostasis, and DNA repair.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA; Genomic Sciences Graduate Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
authors.forename: Kurt
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Selle
authors.affiliation: Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA. Electronic address: rbarran@ncsu.edu.
authors.forename: Rodolphe
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Barrangou
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000235:genetics*; D064113:CRISPR-Cas Systems / Q000235:genetics; D064112:Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats; D004260:DNA Repair; D005818:Genetic Engineering / Q000379:methods; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000235:genetics; D009154:Mutation; D010641:Phenotype
keywords: CRISPR–Cas; Cas9; genome editing