title: Impact of deoxynivalenol (DON) contaminated feed on intestinal integrity and immune response in swine.
abstract: This study was performed to characterize the influence of consuming DON naturally contaminated feeds on pig's intestinal immune defenses, antibody response and cellular immunity. Sixteen 4-week-old piglets were randomly allocated to two dietary treatments: control diet or diet contaminated with 3.5 mg DON/kg. At days 7 and 21, animals were immunized with ovalbumin (OVA). On day 42, intestinal samples were collected for measurement of gene expression involved in immune response, oxidative status and barrier function. Primary IgG antibody response to OVA was increased in pigs fed DON diet compared to control animals. In the ileum of pigs fed DON diet, claudin, occludin, and vimentin genes involved in integrity and barrier function were down-regulated compared to controls. Results also revealed that expression of two chemokines (IL-8, CXCL10), interferon-γ, and major antioxidant glutathione peroxidase 2 (GPX-2) were up-regulated whereas expression of genes encoding enzymatic antioxidants including GPX-3, GPX-4 and superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD-3) were down-regulated in pigs fed DON-contaminated diet. These results strongly suggest that ingestion of DON naturally contaminated feed impaired intestinal barrier and immunological functions by modulating expression of genes coding for proteins involved in tight junctions, tissue remodelling, inflammatory reaction, oxidative stress reaction and immune response.
authors.affiliation: Dairy and Swine Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 2000 College Street, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada; Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Center (CRIPA), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada. Electronic address: Martin.Lessard@agr.gc.ca.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lessard
authors.affiliation: Groupe de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses du porc (GREMIP), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Savard
authors.affiliation: Dairy and Swine Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 2000 College Street, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Karine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Deschene
authors.affiliation: Dairy and Swine Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 2000 College Street, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Karoline
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lauzon
authors.affiliation: Groupe de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses du porc (GREMIP), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Vicente A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Pinilla
authors.affiliation: Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Center (CRIPA), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada; Groupe de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses du porc (GREMIP), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Carl A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Gagnon
authors.affiliation: Dairy and Swine Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 2000 College Street, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Jérôme
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lapointe
authors.affiliation: Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Center (CRIPA), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada; Département des sciences animales, Faculté des sciences de l'agriculture et de l'alimentation, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guay
authors.affiliation: Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Center (CRIPA), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada; Département de biomédecine vétérinaire, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Younès
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chorfi
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D005506:Food Contamination; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D056724:Immunity, Humoral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000378:metabolism; D007410:Intestinal Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000662:veterinary*; D007422:Intestines / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D059467:Transcriptome; D014255:Trichothecenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D014255:Trichothecenes; C007262:deoxynivalenol
keywords: Deoxynivalenol; Immune response; Intestine; Oxidative stress; Pigs