title: Galaxy evolution. Black hole feedback in the luminous quasar PDS 456.
abstract: The evolution of galaxies is connected to the growth of supermassive black holes in their centers. During the quasar phase, a huge luminosity is released as matter falls onto the black hole, and radiation-driven winds can transfer most of this energy back to the host galaxy. Over five different epochs, we detected the signatures of a nearly spherical stream of highly ionized gas in the broadband x-ray spectra of the luminous quasar PDS 456. This persistent wind is expelled at relativistic speeds from the inner accretion disk, and its wide aperture suggests an effective coupling with the ambient gas. The outflow's kinetic power larger than 10(46) ergs per second is enough to provide the feedback required by models of black hole and host galaxy coevolution.
authors.affiliation: Astrophysics Group, School of Physical and Geographical Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK. e.nardini@keele.ac.uk.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nardini
authors.affiliation: Astrophysics Group, School of Physical and Geographical Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK. Center for Space Science and Technology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA.
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Reeves
authors.affiliation: Astrophysics Group, School of Physical and Geographical Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK. Center for Space Science and Technology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gofford
authors.affiliation: Cahill Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Harrison
authors.affiliation: Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo Enrico Fermi 5, I-50125 Firenze, Italy. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
authors.forename: G
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authors.lastname: Risaliti
authors.affiliation: INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, Via Bianchi 46, I-23807 Merate (LC), Italy.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Braito
authors.affiliation: Astrophysics Group, School of Physical and Geographical Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK.
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.affiliation: Astrophysics Group, School of Physical and Geographical Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK.
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Matzeu
authors.affiliation: Cahill Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Walton
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Technion, Haifa 32000, Israel.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Behar
authors.affiliation: Space Science Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Boggs
authors.affiliation: Danmarks Tekniske Universitet Space-National Space Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Elektrovej 327, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark.
authors.forename: F E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.affiliation: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
authors.forename: W W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Craig
authors.affiliation: Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Hailey
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università degli Studi Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale 84, I-00146 Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Matt
authors.affiliation: Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.
authors.forename: P T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: O'Brien
authors.affiliation: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stern
authors.affiliation: Physics Department, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA. Eureka Scientific Inc., 2452 Delmer Street Suite 100, Oakland, CA 94602, USA.
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Ward