title: Modulation of extracellular ATP content of mast cells and DRG neurons by irradiation: studies on underlying mechanism of low-level-laser therapy.
abstract: Low-level-laser therapy (LLLT) is an effective complementary treatment, especially for anti-inflammation and wound healing in which dermis or mucus mast cells (MCs) are involved. In periphery, MCs crosstalk with neurons via purinergic signals and participate in various physiological and pathophysiological processes. Whether extracellular ATP, an important purine in purinergic signaling, of MCs and neurons could be modulated by irradiation remains unknown. In this study, effects of red-laser irradiation on extracellular ATP content of MCs and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons were investigated and underlying mechanisms were explored in vitro. Our results show that irradiation led to elevation of extracellular ATP level in the human mast cell line HMC-1 in a dose-dependent manner, which was accompanied by elevation of intracellular ATP content, an indicator for ATP synthesis, together with [Ca(2+)]i elevation, a trigger signal for exocytotic ATP release. In contrast to MCs, irradiation attenuated the extracellular ATP content of neurons, which could be abolished by ARL 67156, a nonspecific ecto-ATPases inhibitor. Our results suggest that irradiation potentiates extracellular ATP of MCs by promoting ATP synthesis and release and attenuates extracellular ATP of neurons by upregulating ecto-ATPase activity. The opposite responses of these two cell types indicate complex mechanisms underlying LLLT.
authors.affiliation: Acupuncture and Moxibustion College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China ; Shanghai Research Center for Acupuncture and Meridians, 199 Guoshoujing Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
authors.forename: Lina
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5492-145X
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Acupuncture and Moxibustion College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China ; Shanghai Research Center for Acupuncture and Meridians, 199 Guoshoujing Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Tour Viger, 900 rue Saint-Denis, Montréal, QC, Canada H2X 0A9 ; Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, CP 6128 Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, Canada H3C 3T5.
authors.forename: Ryszard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Grygorczyk
authors.affiliation: Acupuncture and Moxibustion College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China ; Shanghai Research Center for Acupuncture and Meridians, 199 Guoshoujing Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
authors.forename: Xueyong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Research Center for Acupuncture and Meridians, 199 Guoshoujing Road, Shanghai 201203, China ; Institute for Biophysics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max von Laue Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Schwarz
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D005727:Ganglia, Spinal / Q000166:cytology*; D006801:Humans; D053685:Laser Therapy; D008297:Male; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects
chemical_list: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate