title: Lupus in Latin-American patients: lessons from the GLADEL cohort.
abstract: The need for comprehensive published epidemiologic and clinical data from Latin American systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients motivated the late Dr Alarcón-Segovia and other Latin American professionals taking care of these patients to spearhead the creation of the G: rupo L: atino A: mericano D: e E: studio del L: upus (GLADEL) cohort in 1997. This inception cohort recruited a total of 1480 multiethnic (Mestizo, African-Latin American (ALA), Caucasian and other) SLE patients diagnosed within two years from the time of enrollment from 34 Latin American centers with expertise in the diagnosis and management of this disease. In addition to the initial 2004 description of the cohort, GLADEL has contributed to improving our knowledge about the course and outcome of lupus in patients from this part of the Americas. The major findings from this cohort are highlighted in this review. They have had important clinical implications for the adequate care of SLE patients both in Latin America and worldwide where these patients may have emigrated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Institut Clínic de Medicina i Dermatologia, Hospital Clínic, Spain gponsestel@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Pons-Estel
authors.affiliation: Sección de Reumatología, Servicio de Clínica Médica; Hospital Italiano and Fundación Dr Pedro M. Catoggio para el Progreso de la Reumatología, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Catoggio
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación Clínica de Morelia SC, Morelia, Michoacán, México.
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Cardiel
authors.affiliation: Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bonfa
authors.affiliation: Hospital Privado, Centro Médico de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Caeiro
authors.affiliation: Disciplina de Reumatología, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal da São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Massardo
authors.affiliation: Universidad CES, Medellin, Colombia.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Molina-Restrepo
authors.affiliation: Servicio Nacional de Reumatología, Centro de Investigaciones Médico Quirúrgicas (CIMEQ), La Habana, Cuba.
authors.forename: M Guibert
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Toledano
authors.affiliation: Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México Distrito Federal, México.
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Barile-Fabris
authors.affiliation: Reumatología, Centro Médico ABC, Ciudad de México, México.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Amigo
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Nacional 'Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen', Essalud, Lima, Perú
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Acevedo-Vásquez
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Reumatología del Hospital de Clínicas Caracas, Venezuela.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Abadi
authors.affiliation: Escuela de Estadística, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wojdyla
authors.affiliation: Centro Pfizer-Universidad de Granada-Junta de Andalucía de Gemómica e Investigaciones Oncológicas, Granada, Spain, and Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, USA.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Alarcón-Riquelme
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Alarcón
authors.affiliation: Hospital Provincial de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina.
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Pons-Estel
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007843:Latin America / Q000453:epidemiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008179:Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008181:Lupus Nephritis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012044:Regression Analysis
keywords: Systemic lupus erythematosus; cardiovascular disease; renal lupus