title: Detection of human cytomegalovirus in different histopathological types of glioma in Iraqi patients.
abstract: Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is an endemic herpes virus that reemerges in cancer patients enhancing oncogenic potential. HCMV infection is associated with certain types of cancer morbidity such as glioblastomas. HCMV, like all other herpes viruses, has the ability to remain latent within the body of the host and can contribute in chronic inflammation. To determine the role of HCMV in glioma pathogenesis, paraffin-embedded blocks from glioma patients (n = 50) and from benign meningioma patients (n = 30) were obtained and evaluated by immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction for the evidence of HCMV antigen expression and the presence of viral DNA. We detected HCMV antigen and DNA for IEI-72, pp65, and late antigen in 33/36, 28/36, and 26/36 in glioblastoma multiforme patients whereas 12/14, 10/14, and 9/14 in anaplastic astrocytoma patients, respectively. Furthermore, 84% of glioma patients were positive for immunoglobulin G (IgG) compared to 72.5% among control samples (P = 0.04). These data indicate the presence of the HCMV virus in a high percentage of glioma samples demonstrating distinct histopathological grades and support previous reports showing the presence of HCMV infection in glioma tissue. These studies demonstrate that detection of low-levels of latent viral infections may play an active role in glioma development and pathogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, University of Al-Nahrain, Baghdad 10066, Iraq.
authors.forename: Haidar A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Shamran
authors.affiliation: Microbiology Department, School of Medicine, University of Al-Nahrain, Baghdad 10066, Iraq.
authors.forename: Haider S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kadhim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiya, Dewaniya 58011, Iraq.
authors.forename: Aws R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Science, School of Nursing, University of Al-Qadisiya, Dewaniya 58011, Iraq.
authors.forename: Abdulameer
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kareem
authors.affiliation: Center for Translational Studies, Medical Services, VA Medical Center, Department of Veteran Affairs, Washington, DC 20422, USA.
authors.forename: Dennis D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Taub
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, SC 29208, USA.
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Price
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, SC 29208, USA.
authors.forename: Mitzi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagarkatti
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, SC 29208, USA.
authors.forename: Prakash S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Nagarkatti
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, SC 29208, USA.
authors.forename: Udai P
authors.initials: UP
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D005910:Glioma / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007493:Iraq; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D055815:Young Adult