title: Determination of hexanal and heptanal in human urine using magnetic solid phase extraction coupled with in-situ derivatization by high performance liquid chromatography.
abstract: In this study, magnetic solid phase extraction coupled with in-situ derivatization (MSPE-ISD) was established for the determination of hexanal and heptanal in human urine. 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) was used as the derivatization reagent that was adsorbed onto the surface of magnetite/silica/poly(methacrylic acid-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) (Fe3O4/SiO2/P(MAA-co-EGDMA)). And then simultaneous extraction and derivatization of the aldehydes were performed on the DNPH-adsorbed Fe3O4/SiO2/P(MAA-co-EGDMA). The simple, rapid and sensitive determination of hexanal and heptanal can be accomplished within 9min. Under optimized conditions, the limits of detection (LODs) were 1.7 and 2.5nmol/L for hexanal and heptanal, respectively. The relative recoveries ranged from 72.8% to 91.4% with the intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations (RSDs) being less than 9.6%. Furthermore, the proposed method was successfully applied to determine endogenous hexanal and heptanal in human urine from healthy persons and lung cancer patients. The results showed the higher concentrations of hexanal and heptanal were observed in lung cancer patients compared to healthy controls. Thus, the developed MSPE-ISD method is suitable for the determination of aldehydes in urines.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
authors.forename: Jiu-Feng
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
authors.forename: Bi-Feng
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China. Electronic address: yqfeng@whu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yu-Qi
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Feng
mesh_terms: D000447:Aldehydes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000652:urine*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000652:urine; D060328:Magnetic Phenomena; D010659:Phenylhydrazines / Q000737:chemistry; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction
chemical_list: D000447:Aldehydes; D010659:Phenylhydrazines; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; C004787:2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; C046204:heptanal; C010463:n-hexanal; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide
keywords: Heptanal; Hexanal; In-situ derivatization; Magnetic solid phase extraction