title: Detection of significant coronary artery disease by noninvasive anatomical and functional imaging.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The choice of imaging techniques in patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) varies between countries, regions, and hospitals. This prospective, multicenter, comparative effectiveness study was designed to assess the relative accuracy of commonly used imaging techniques for identifying patients with significant CAD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 475 patients with stable chest pain and intermediate likelihood of CAD underwent coronary computed tomographic angiography and stress myocardial perfusion imaging by single photon emission computed tomography or positron emission tomography, and ventricular wall motion imaging by stress echocardiography or cardiac magnetic resonance. If ≥1 test was abnormal, patients underwent invasive coronary angiography. Significant CAD was defined by invasive coronary angiography as >50% stenosis of the left main stem, >70% stenosis in a major coronary vessel, or 30% to 70% stenosis with fractional flow reserve ≤0.8. Significant CAD was present in 29% of patients. In a patient-based analysis, coronary computed tomographic angiography had the highest diagnostic accuracy, the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve being 0.91 (95% confidence interval, 0.88-0.94), sensitivity being 91%, and specificity being 92%. Myocardial perfusion imaging had good diagnostic accuracy (area under the curve, 0.74; confidence interval, 0.69-0.78), sensitivity 74%, and specificity 73%. Wall motion imaging had similar accuracy (area under the curve, 0.70; confidence interval, 0.65-0.75) but lower sensitivity (49%, P<0.001) and higher specificity (92%, P<0.001). The diagnostic accuracy of myocardial perfusion imaging and wall motion imaging were lower than that of coronary computed tomographic angiography (P<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In a multicenter European population of patients with stable chest pain and low prevalence of CAD, coronary computed tomographic angiography is more accurate than noninvasive functional testing for detecting significant CAD defined invasively.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00979199.
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Danilo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Neglia
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rovai
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Caselli
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Mikko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pietila
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Teresinska
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Santiago
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aguadé-Bruix
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Maria Nazarena
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Pizzi
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Giancarlo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Todiere
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Alessia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gimelli
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schroeder
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Tanja
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Drosch
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Poddighe
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Giancarlo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Casolo
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Constantinos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Anagnostopoulos
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pugliese
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Francois
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rouzet
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Le Guludec
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cappelli
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Serafina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Valente
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Gian Franco
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Gensini
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Camilla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zawaideh
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Selene
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Capitanio
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Gianmario
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sambuceti
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Marsico
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Pasquale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Perrone Filardi
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Covadonga
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fernández-Golfín
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Luis M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Rincón
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Frank P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Graner
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Michiel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: de Graaf
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fiechter
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stehli
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Gaemperli
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Eliana
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Reyes
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Sandy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nkomo
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Maija
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mäki
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lorenzoni
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Turchetti
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Clara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Carpeggiani
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marinelli
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Puzzuoli
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mangione
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marcheschi
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mariani
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Giannessi
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nekolla
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lombardi
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sicari
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Arthur J H A
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Scholte
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: José L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Zamorano
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Philipp A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Kaufmann
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: S Richard
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Underwood
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy (D.N., D.R., C. Caselli, C. Carpeggiani, M. Marinelli, F. Mariani, D.G., R.S.); Cardiothoracic Department (D.N., G. Todiere), Imaging Department (A.G., M.L.) and Technology Department (S.P., M. Mangione, P.M.), Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Heart Center (M.P.) and Turku PET Center (M.Mäki, J.K.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (A.T.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Val d'Hebron, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain (S.A.-B., M.N.P.); Department of Cardiology, Alb-Fils-Kliniken, Göppingen, Germany (S.S., T.D.); Emergency Department, Cardiology, Ospedale della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy (R.P., G.C.); Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (C.A.); Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (C.A., F.P.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France (F.R., D.L.G.); Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (F.C., S.V., G.G.) and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS (G.F.G.), Florence, Italy; Department of Health Science and Internal Medicine, IRCCS Hospital San Martino, National Institute for Cancer Research and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (C.Z., S.C., G.S.); Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy (F.Marsico, P.P.F.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (C.F.-G., L.M.R., J.L.Z.
authors.forename: Juhani
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Knuuti
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D019540:Area Under Curve; D057186:Comparative Effectiveness Research; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D023921:Coronary Stenosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D025401:Echocardiography, Stress; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D053805:Fractional Flow Reserve, Myocardial; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D055414:Myocardial Perfusion Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012372:ROC Curve; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016276:Ventricular Function
keywords: coronary artery disease; coronary computed tomography angiography; echocardiography; magnetic resonance imaging; myocardial perfusion imaging; positron emission tomography; single photon computed emission tomography