title: Anesthetic neurotoxicity--clinical implications of animal models.
abstract: Some anesthetics and sedatives have been shown to cause neurotoxic effects in laboratory animals. The FDA collaboration SmartTots recommends undertaking large-scale clinical studies and avoiding nonurgent surgical procedures requiring anesthesia in children younger than 3 years of age.
authors.affiliation: From the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD (B.A.R., S.H.); Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.S.); Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (A.S.E.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.A.O.).
authors.forename: Bob A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Rappaport
authors.forename: Santhanam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suresh
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hertz
authors.forename: Alex S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Evers
authors.forename: Beverley A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Orser
mesh_terms: D000777:Anesthetics / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000139:chemically induced*; D023421:Models, Animal; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D018079:Receptors, GABA / Q000187:drug effects; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate / Q000187:drug effects; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative
chemical_list: D000777:Anesthetics; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D018079:Receptors, GABA; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate