title: Design and characterization of self-assembled fish sarcoplasmic protein-alginate nanocomplexes.
abstract: Macrostructures based on natural polymers are subject to large attention, as the application range is wide within the food and pharmaceutical industries. In this study we present nanocomplexes (NCXs) made from electrostatic self-assembly between negatively charged alginate and positively charged fish sarcoplasmic proteins (FSP), prepared by bulk mixing. A concentration screening revealed that there was a range of alginate and FSP concentrations where stable NCXs with similar properties were formed, rather than two exact concentrations. The size of the NCXs was 293 ± 3 nm, and the zeta potential was -42 ± 0.3 mV. The NCXs were stable in water, gastric buffer, intestinal buffer and HEPES buffered glycose, and at all pH values from 2 to 9 except pH 3, where they aggregated. When proteolytic enzymes were present in the buffer, the NCXs were degraded. Only at high concentrations the NCXs caused a decreased viability in HeLa and U2OS cell lines. The simple processing procedure and the high stability of the NCXs, makes them excellent candidates for use in the food and pharmaceutical industry.
authors.affiliation: Technical University of Denmark, DTU-Food, Søltofts Plads 227, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark. Electronic address: kaste@food.dtu.dk.
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stephansen
authors.affiliation: Technical University of Denmark, DTU-Food, Søltofts Plads 227, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mattebjerg
authors.affiliation: Technical University of Denmark, DTU-Food, Søltofts Plads 227, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark; IBBP, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Schlossgarten 3, 48149 - Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Jasper
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wattjes
authors.affiliation: Technical University of Denmark, DTU-Food, Søltofts Plads 227, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Milisavljevic
authors.affiliation: Technical University of Denmark, DTU-Food, Søltofts Plads 227, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark.
authors.forename: Flemming
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jessen
authors.affiliation: University of Copenhagen, Department of Biomedical Sciences, The Panum Institute, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Qvortrup
authors.affiliation: IBBP, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Schlossgarten 3, 48149 - Münster, Germany. Electronic address: goycoole@uni-muenster.de.
authors.forename: Francisco M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Goycoolea
authors.affiliation: Technical University of Denmark, DTU-Food, Søltofts Plads 227, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark. Electronic address: ioach@food.dtu.dk.
authors.forename: Ioannis S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Chronakis
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates / Q000737:chemistry*; D002021:Buffers; D002460:Cell Line; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D020723:Glucuronic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D006603:Hexuronic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010316:Particle Size; D059748:Proteolysis
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D002021:Buffers; D004337:Drug Carriers; D029941:Fish Proteins; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D020723:Glucuronic Acid
keywords: Alginate; Drug delivery; Nanocomplex; Particle; Proteins