title: Ultrasound assisted-deep eutectic solvent extraction of iron from sheep, bovine and chicken liver samples.
abstract: A green, novel and effective ultrasound assisted-deep eutectic solvent (DES) extraction (UA-DES-E) procedure was developed for extraction of iron from sheep, bovine and chicken liver samples. The analytical parameters including type and composition DES, volume of DES, ultrasonication time and ratio of sample to DES were optimized by using 50mg of the NIST SRM 1577b bovine liver certified reference material. The limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) were found as 0.026µg mL(-1) and 0.085µg mL(-1), respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD) as a result of 7 replicates of 50mg of certified reference material was 1.4%. The accuracy of proposed method was checked by the addition/recovery tests to NIST SRM 1577b bovine liver and a sheep liver. The extraction method was applied to extraction of iron from bovine, sheep and chicken liver samples retail from markets at Kayseri, Turkey with satisfactory results (recoveries higher than 95%).
authors.affiliation: Erciyes University, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Erkan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.affiliation: Erciyes University, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey. Electronic address: soylak@erciyes.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Soylak
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002623:Chemistry Techniques, Analytical; D002645:Chickens; D002794:Choline / Q000737:chemistry; D055772:Green Chemistry Technology; D007501:Iron / Q000032:analysis*; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry*; D012756:Sheep; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D014465:Ultrasonics
chemical_list: D012997:Solvents; D019344:Lactic Acid; D007501:Iron; D002794:Choline
keywords: Choline chloride; Deep eutectic solvent; Extraction; Flame atomic absorption spectrometry; Iron; Lactic acid; Liver