title: Innate and adaptive genetic pathways in HCV infection.
abstract: Infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) leads to a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. This heterogeneity is underpinned by the host immune response and the genetic factors that govern it. Polymorphisms affecting both the innate and adaptive immunity determine the outcome of exposure. However the innate immune system appears to play a greater role in determining treatment-associated responses. Overall the effects of IFNL3/4 appear dominant over other polymorphic genes. Understanding how host genetics determines the disease phenotype has not been as intensively studied. This review summarizes our current understanding of innate and adaptive immunogenetic factors in the outcome of HCV infection. It focuses on how they relate to resolution and the progression of HCV-related liver disease, in the context of current and future treatment regimes.
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Buchanan
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hydes
authors.forename: S I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Khakoo
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity / Q000235:genetics*; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000276:immunology; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics*; D007372:Interferons; D007378:Interleukins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D008099:Liver / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D000095022:Interferon Lambda
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D007372:Interferons; D007378:Interleukins; C000624353:interferon-lambda, human; D000095022:Interferon Lambda; C579163:IFNL4 protein, human
keywords: hepatitis C; immunity, adaptive; immunity, innate; interferon; interleukins