title: Vinyl flooring in the home is associated with children's airborne butylbenzyl phthalate and urinary metabolite concentrations.
abstract: Prior studies have shown that vinyl flooring as well as the vinyl-softening plasticizers butylbenzyl phthalate (BBzP) and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) are associated with asthma and airway inflammation. Although DEHP exposure is primarily dietary, whether home vinyl flooring contributes to indoor air and urinary metabolite concentrations for these two phthalates is unclear. Exposures to BBzP and DEHP were examined in a prospective birth cohort of New York City children (n=239) using: (i) visual observation of potential phthalate containing flooring, (ii) a 2-week home indoor air sample, and (iii) concurrent urinary metabolites in a subset (n=193). The category "vinyl or linoleum" flooring was observed in 135 (56%) of monitored rooms; these rooms had statistically significantly higher indoor air geometric mean concentrations of BBzP (23.9 ng/m(3)) than rooms with wood or carpet flooring (10.6 ng/m(3)). Children from homes with "vinyl or linoleum" flooring also had significantly higher urinary BBzP metabolite concentrations than other children. Indoor air BBzP and urinary metabolite concentrations were correlated positively (Spearman's rho 0.40). By contrast, indoor air DEHP was not associated with flooring type nor with its urinary metabolite concentrations. Vinyl flooring in the home may be an important source of children's exposure to BBzP via indoor air.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Allan C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Just
authors.affiliation: Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.|Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA.|Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Rachel L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Matthew S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Perzanowski
authors.affiliation: Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.|Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Rundle
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Qixuan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Kyung Hwa
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Lori
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hoepner
authors.affiliation: Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: David E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Camann
authors.affiliation: National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
authors.forename: Antonia M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Calafat
authors.affiliation: Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Frederica P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Perera
authors.affiliation: Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Robin M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Whyatt
mesh_terms: D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000032:analysis*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005260:Female; D005430:Floors and Floorcoverings; D006801:Humans; D019570:Inhalation Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D009519:New York City / Q000453:epidemiology; D010795:Phthalic Acids / Q000032:analysis* / Q000652:urine; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014753:Vinyl Compounds / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D010795:Phthalic Acids; D014753:Vinyl Compounds; C027561:butylbenzyl phthalate