title: Green synthesis of Pd/CuO nanoparticles by Theobroma cacao L. seeds extract and their catalytic performance for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol and phosphine-free Heck coupling reaction under aerobic conditions.
abstract: We report the green synthesis of palladium/CuO nanoparticles (Pd/CuO NPs) using Theobroma cacao L. seeds extract and their catalytic activity for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol and Heck coupling reaction under aerobic conditions. The catalyst was characterized using the powder XRD, TEM, EDS, UV-vis and FT-IR. This method has the advantages of high yields, elimination of surfactant, ligand and homogeneous catalysts, simple methodology and easy work up. The catalyst can be recovered from the reaction mixture and reused several times without any significant loss of catalytic activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Qom, Qom 37185-359, Iran. Electronic address: mahmoudnasr81@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mahmoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nasrollahzadeh
authors.affiliation: Department of Petroleum Geoscience, Faculty of Science, Soran University, PO Box 624, Soran, Kurdistan Regional Government, Iraq.
authors.forename: S Mohammad
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Sajadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Qom, Qom 37185-359, Iran.
authors.forename: Akbar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rostami-Vartooni
authors.affiliation: Material Research School, NSTRI, 81465-1589 Isfahan, I. R. Iran.
authors.forename: Mojtaba
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bagherzadeh
mesh_terms: D002099:Cacao / Q000737:chemistry*; D002384:Catalysis; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry*; D055772:Green Chemistry Technology; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009596:Nitrophenols / Q000737:chemistry*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010165:Palladium / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D009596:Nitrophenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010165:Palladium; D003300:Copper; C030973:cupric oxide; C024836:4-nitrophenol
keywords: CuO; Heck; Palladium; Phosphine-free; Theobroma cacao L.