title: Analysis of implant-failure predictors in the posterior maxilla: a retrospective study of 1395 implants.
abstract: The aim of this study was to analyze predictors for dental implant failure in the posterior maxilla. A database was created to include patients being treated with dental implants posterior to the maxillary cuspids. Independent variables thought to be predictive of potential implant failure included (1) sinus elevation, (2) implant length, (3) implant diameter, (4) indication, (5) implant region, (6) timepoint of implant placement, (7) one-vs. two-stage augmentation, and (8) healing mode. Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate the influence of predictors 1-3 on implant failure as dependent variable. The predictors 4-9 were analyzed strictly descriptively. The final database included 592 patients with 1395 implants. The overall 1- and 5-year implant survival rates were 94.8% and 88.6%, respectively. The survival rates for sinus elevation vs. placement into native bone were 94.4% and 95.4%, respectively (p = 0.33). The survival rates for the short (<10 mm), the middle (10-13 mm) and the long implants (>13 mm) were 100%, 89% and 76.8%, respectively (middle-vs. long implants p = 0.62). The implant survival rates for the small- (<3.6 mm), the middle- (3.6-4.5 mm) and the wide diameter implants (>4.5 mm) were 92.5%, 87.9% and 89.6%, respectively (p = 0.0425). None of the parameters evaluated were identified as predictor of implant failure in the posterior maxilla.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131 Mainz, Germany. Electronic address: andreas.pabst@web.de.
authors.forename: Andreas Max
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Pabst
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Walter
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ehbauer
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center Mainz, Obere Zahlbacher Strasse 69, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Isabella
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Zwiener
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ziebart
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Bilal
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Al-Nawas
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131 Mainz, Germany; Private Practice, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stresemannstrasse 7-9, 40210 Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Marcus Oliver
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Klein
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003724:Dental Arch / Q000601:surgery; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015921:Dental Implants / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D007575:Jaw, Edentulous / Q000534:rehabilitation; D007576:Jaw, Edentulous, Partially / Q000534:rehabilitation; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D059546:Sinus Floor Augmentation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016019:Survival Analysis; D020390:Tooth Socket / Q000601:surgery; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D015921:Dental Implants
keywords: Implant; Implant diameter; Implant failure predictor; Implant length; Posterior maxilla; Sinus elevation