title: Risk factors and clinical outcomes of candidaemia in patients treated for Clostridium difficile infection.
abstract: The alterations occurring in the intestinal flora during Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) may promote the translocation of Candida to the blood and the development of candidaemia. The aim of our study was to analyse clinical findings of these patients to determine the risk factors associated with the development of candidaemia subsequent to CDI. We compared 35 patients with candidaemia subsequent to CDI with 105 patients with CDI. Patients with candidaemia showed more severe infections and higher mortality. The ribotype 027 strain and vancomycin treatment at ≥ 1000 mg/day were prevalent in patients developing candidaemia. CDI may predispose to the translocation of Candida.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Falcone
authors.affiliation: Institute of Infectious Diseases, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fantoni
authors.affiliation: Institute of Infectious Diseases, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Italy.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Murri
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Masucci
authors.affiliation: 'San Giovanni Addolorata' Hospital, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Carfagna
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Ghezzi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Public Health (Section of Hygiene), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Posteraro
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sanguinetti
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Italy. Electronic address: mario.venditti@uniroma1.it.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Venditti
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D058387:Candidemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016360:Clostridioides difficile / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003015:Clostridium Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D004760:Enterocolitis / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D021521:Ribotyping; D012307:Risk Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D014640:Vancomycin
keywords: Candida bloodstream infection; Candida colonization; Clostridium difficile infection; oral vancomycin; ribotype 027