title: Diagnosis of dysphonia among municipal employees: individual and work factors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the association between occupational status and the distribution of dysphonia.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 2009, a sample of 5646 (14%) of the population of 38,304 municipal employees of Belo Horizonte was obtained. A questionnaire was made available on an Internet Web site that could be entered only after the respondent had given consent. The response variable was drawn up with reference to the question: "Has a doctor ever told you that you have dysphonia?," for which the possible responses were yes or no. The following variables were included in the logistic regression model: sociodemographic data, work characteristics, and lifestyle habits.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The associations relating to dysphonia were found to be different between men and women. Differing from men, occupational factors influenced the outcome among women. Among men, there were significant associations between dysphonia and sociodemographic characteristics, health-related factors, and lifestyle factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gender differentials should be taken into consideration in health promotion actions among this group of municipal employees.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Science, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Electronic address: iara.bassi@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Iara Barreto
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Bassi
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Science, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ada Ávila
authors.initials: AÁ
authors.lastname: Assunção
mesh_terms: D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002947:Cities; D005260:Female; D006184:Habits; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007587:Job Description; D008019:Life Style; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016272:Occupational Health; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014504:Urban Health; D014832:Voice Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D014833:Voice Quality
keywords: Dysphonia; Occupational health; Teachers; Working conditions