title: Biomechanical strength of glass ionomer cement in incudostapedial rebridging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the biomechanical properties of glass ionomer cement used for incudostapedial rebridging.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two groups were established based on the size of the gap between the incus and stapes (1.0 mm in group 1 and 2.0 mm in group 2). Glass ionomer cement was applied to the gaps, and compression tests were performed. Maximum force was measured at the fracture point, and was divided by the cross-sectional area to obtain the maximum compressive strength.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant difference was found in the maximum force for the two groups (p = 0.312). The glass ionomer cement diameter was significantly higher in group 2 than in group 1 (p = 0.006). The maximum compressive strength was significantly higher in group 1 than in group 2 (p = 0.042).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The fragility of bone cement used in this study was 25.5 per cent higher for a 2 mm gap than for a 1 mm gap. We speculate that the use of bone cement may be safer for the repair of smaller incudostapedial defects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Istanbul Training and Research Hospital,Istanbul,Turkey.
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Server
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Istanbul Training and Research Hospital,Istanbul,Turkey.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Alkan
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Istanbul Training and Research Hospital,Istanbul,Turkey.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Yigit
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Istanbul Training and Research Hospital,Istanbul,Turkey.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Acioglu
authors.affiliation: Department of Metallurgy and Material Engineering,Faculty of Chemical-Metallurgy,Yildiz Technical University,Istanbul,Turkey.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bekem
authors.affiliation: Department of Metallurgy and Material Engineering,Faculty of Chemical-Metallurgy,Yildiz Technical University,Istanbul,Turkey.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Unal
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, SANKO Medical School, Gaziantep,Turkey.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Akkin
mesh_terms: D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D002102:Cadaver; D019245:Compressive Strength; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007188:Incus / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000601:surgery*; D009998:Ossicular Prosthesis; D019933:Ossicular Replacement / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013201:Stapes Surgery / Q000295:instrumentation*
chemical_list: D001843:Bone Cements; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements
keywords: Stapes