title: Efficacy and safety of fosphenytoin for benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To clarify the efficacy and safety of fosphenytoin for seizures in children with benign convulsions and mild gastroenteritis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using the mailing list of the Annual Zao Conference on Pediatric Neurology, we recruited patients who met the following criteria: (1) clinical diagnosis of benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis and (2) treatment with intravenous fosphenytoin. Benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis were defined as a condition of (a) seizures associated with gastroenteritis without electrolyte imbalance, hypoglycemia, or dehydration in patients (b) between 6 months and 3 years of age with (c) no preexisting neurological disorders, (d) no impaired consciousness, and (e) a body temperature less than 38.0 °C before and after the seizures. The efficacy of fosphenytoin was categorized as effective when cessation of seizures was achieved.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data from 16 child patients were obtained (median age, 20 months). Seizures were completely controlled after the initial dose of fosphenytoin in 14 of 16 patients. The median loading dose of fosphenytoin was 22.5 mg/kg. In 10 patients, fosphenytoin was administered after other antiepileptic drugs such as diazepam and midazolam were used. Adverse effects of fosphenytoin, excessive sedation, or intravenous fluid incompatibility were not observed in any patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fosphenytoin is effective and well tolerated among children with benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Japan. Electronic address: mknakaza@juntendo.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Mika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakazawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kameda Medical Center, Japan.
authors.forename: Soichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Toda
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinpei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsuru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ikeno
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: Ayuko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Igarashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: Eri
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nakahara
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Shintaro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Niijima
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshiaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Aichi Medical University, Japan.
authors.forename: Akihisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Okumura
mesh_terms: D061605:Administration, Intravenous; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D010672:Phenytoin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012640:Seizures / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D010672:Phenytoin; C043114:fosphenytoin
keywords: Benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis; Efficacy; Fosphenytoin; Safety