title: Effectiveness of the call in beach volleyball attacking play.
abstract: In beach volleyball the setter has the opportunity to give her or his hitter a "call". The call intends that the setter suggests to her or his partner where to place the attack in the opponent's court. The effectiveness of a call is still unknown. We investigated the women's and men's Swiss National Beach Volleyball Championships in 2011 and analyzed 2185 attacks. We found large differences between female and male players. While men called in only 38.4% of attacks, women used calls in 85.5% of attacks. If the male players followed a given call, 63% of the attacks were successful. The success rate of attacks without any call was 55.8% and 47.6% when the call was ignored. These differences were not significant (χ(2)(2) = 4.55, p = 0.103). In women's beach volleyball, the rate of successful attacks was 61.5% when a call was followed, 35% for attacks without a call, and 42.6% when a call was ignored. The differences were highly significant (χ(2)(2) = 23.42, p < 0.0005). Taking into account the findings of the present study, we suggested that the call was effective in women's beach volleyball, while its effect in men's game was unclear. Considering the quality of calls we indicate that there is a significant potential to increase the effectiveness of a call.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Sportwissenschaft, Universität Augsburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Künzell
authors.affiliation: Institut für Sportwissenschaft, Universität Augsburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schweikart
authors.affiliation: Institut für Sportwissenschaft, Universität Augsburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Köhn
authors.affiliation: Institut für Sportwissenschaft, Universität Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Olivia
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Schläppi-Lienhard
keywords: communication; cooperation; game observation; tactics