title: Synthesis and mechanistic study of in situ halogen/nitrogen dual-doping in graphene tailored by stepwise pyrolysis of ionic liquids.
abstract: New halogen/nitrogen dual-doped graphenes (X/N-G) with thermally tunable doping levels are synthesized via the thermal reduction of graphite oxide (GO) with stepwise-pyrolyzed ionic liquids. The doping process of halogen and nitrogen into the graphene lattice proceeds via substitutional or covalent bonding through the physisorption or chemisorption of in situ pyrolyzed dopant precursors. The doping process is performed by heating to 300-400 °C of ionic liquid, and the chemically assisted reduction of GO is facilitated by ionic iodine, resulting in I/N-G materials possessing about three and two orders of magnitude higher conductivity (∼22,200 S m(-1)) and charge carrier density (∼10(21) cm(-3)), compared to those of thermally reduced GO. The thermally tunable doping levels of halogen in X/N-G significantly increase the conductivity of doped graphene to ∼27,800 S m(-1).
authors.affiliation: Carbon Convergence Materials Research Center, Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Jeonbuk 565-902, Korea.
authors.forename: Ok-Kyung
authors.initials: OK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Hyun Joo
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jun Yeon
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Dong Su
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jahyun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Koo
authors.forename: Hoonkyung
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jong-Sung
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Bon-Cheol
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Ku
authors.forename: Jae Kwan
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Lee