title: Screening diagnostic candidates for schistosomiasis from tegument proteins of adult Schistosoma japonicum using an immunoproteomic approach.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Schistosomiasis is one of the world's most prevalent zoonotic diseases and a serious worldwide public health problem. Since the tegument (TG) of Schistosoma japonicum is in direct contact with the host and induces a host immune response against infection, the identification of immune response target molecules in the schistosome TG is crucial for screening diagnostic antigens for this disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study, an immunoproteomics approach used TG proteins as screening antigens to identify potential diagnostic molecules of S. japonicum. Ten spots corresponding to six proteins were identified that immunoreacted with sera from S. japonicum-infected rabbits but not sera from uninfected rabbits and their specific IgG antibody levels declined quickly after praziquantel treatment. Recombinant phosphoglycerate mutase (PGM) and UV excision repair protein RAD23 homolog B (RAD23) proteins were expressed and their diagnostic potential for schistosomiasis was evaluated and compared with schistosome soluble egg antigen (SEA) using ELISA. The results showed high sensitivity and specificity and low crossreactivity when rSjPGM-ELISA and rSjRAD23-ELISA were used to detect water buffalo schistosomiasis. Moreover, antibodies to rSjPGM and rSjRAD23 might be short-lived since they declined quickly after chemotherapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Therefore, the two schistosome TG proteins SjPGM and SjRAD23 were identified as potential diagnostic markers for the disease. The two recombinant proteins might have the potential to evaluate the effectiveness of drug treatments and for distinguishing between current and past infection.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Zhiqiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Changjian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China.
authors.forename: Yanhui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xiaodan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Hongxiao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yantao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jiaojiao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000909:Antibodies, Helminth / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D000917:Antibody Formation; D000947:Antigens, Helminth / Q000276:immunology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002020:Buffaloes / Q000469:parasitology*; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D015801:Helminth Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D010736:Phosphoglycerate Mutase / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D011223:Praziquantel / Q000627:therapeutic use; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods; D011817:Rabbits; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012549:Schistosoma japonicum / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012554:Schistosomiasis japonica / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D044967:Serum / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000909:Antibodies, Helminth; D000947:Antigens, Helminth; D015415:Biomarkers; D015801:Helminth Proteins; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D011223:Praziquantel; D010736:Phosphoglycerate Mutase; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes