title: Computational aspects of steel fracturing pertinent to naval requirements.
abstract: Modern high strength and ductile steels are a key element of US Navy ship structural technology. The development of these alloys spurred the development of modern structural integrity analysis methods over the past 70 years. Strength and ductility provided the designers and builders of navy surface ships and submarines with the opportunity to reduce ship structural weight, increase hull stiffness, increase damage resistance, improve construction practices and reduce maintenance costs. This paper reviews how analytical and computational tools, driving simulation methods and experimental techniques, were developed to provide ongoing insights into the material, damage and fracture characteristics of these alloys. The need to understand alloy fracture mechanics provided unique motivations to measure and model performance from structural to microstructural scales. This was done while accounting for the highly nonlinear behaviours of both materials and underlying fracture processes. Theoretical methods, data acquisition strategies, computational simulation and scientific imaging were applied to increasingly smaller scales and complex materials phenomena under deformation. Knowledge gained about fracture resistance was used to meet minimum fracture initiation, crack growth and crack arrest characteristics as part of overall structural integrity considerations.
authors.affiliation: Materials Science and Technology Division-Code 6300, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA peter.matic@nrl.navy.mil.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Matic
authors.affiliation: Imaging and Simulation Section-Code 6352, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Geltmacher
authors.affiliation: Materials Science and Component Technology Directorate-Code 6000, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA.
authors.forename: Bhakta
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rath
keywords: computational modelling; ductile fracture; fracture toughness; image-based modelling; large strain plasticity; microvoids