title: Oxidative effects, nutrients and metabolic changes in aquatic macrophyte, Elodea nuttallii, following exposure to lanthanum.
abstract: We investigated the phytoremediation potential of Elodea nuttallii to remove rare earth metals from contaminated water. The laboratory experiments were designed to assess the responses induced by lanthanum (5-20mgL(-1)) in E. nuttallii over a period of 7 days. The results showed that most La (approximately 85%) was associated with the cell wall. The addition of La to the culture medium reduced the concentration of K, Ca, Cu, Mg, and Mn. However, O2(·-) levels increased with a concomitant increase in the malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration as the La concentration increased, which indicated that the cells were under oxidative stress. Significant reductions in the levels of chlorophyll (Chl) a, b, and carotenoids (Car) were observed in a concentration-dependent manner. However, the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), total non-protein thiols (TNP-SH) and phytochelatins (PCs) increased for all La concentrations. The results suggested that La was toxic to E. nuttallii because it induced oxidative stress and disturbed mineral uptake. However, E. nuttallii was able to combat La induced damage via an immobilization mechanism, which involved the cell wall and the activation of non-enzymatic antioxidant.
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Jingjing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Tingting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Qianqian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Sanjuan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Weiyue
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Feifei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China. Electronic address: xuqinsong@njnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Qinsong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000378:metabolism; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000378:metabolism; D000077194:Chlorophyll A; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D031321:Hydrocharitaceae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D007811:Lanthanum / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D054811:Phytochelatins / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002734:Chlorophyll; D002338:Carotenoids; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D007811:Lanthanum; D054811:Phytochelatins; D005978:Glutathione; D000077194:Chlorophyll A
keywords: Elodea nuttallii; Ionome; Lanthanum; Non-enzymatic antioxidant; Oxidative stress