title: Cytokines Modulate the "Immune-Metabolism" Interactions during Behçet Disease: Effect on Arginine Metabolism.
abstract: Aim and Methods. In this study, we evaluated NOS and arginase activities and their regulation during Behçet disease, a systemic chronic inflammatory disorder with uncertain etiology. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 36 patients and 15 control samples (PBMC) were cultured in either RPMI 1640, MEM, or DMEM complemented with 10% of FBS and antibiotics. Cultures were performed with or without the control or patients plasma. Subsequent treatment contained anticytokines (IL-6, TGF-β), a mitogenic effector (PHA), or NOS modulators (L-NMMA, BH4). Culture supernatants were harvested after 24 h of incubation. NO and urea measurements were, respectively, performed by modified Griess and Berthelot methods. Results. Higher urea levels were found in patients' plasma compared to the control's (P < 0.05). NOS modulators induced inverted production profiles for NO and urea (P < 0.05). Their results differed depending on the clinical findings (P < 0.05). It was also found that cytokine neutralization induced different response profiles in patients as opposed to control cultures (P < 0.05). Conclusion. Our results suggest that arginases can compete with NOS2 for L-arginine during Behçet disease. Both enzymes are regulated by environmental cytokines and substrate availability. Furthermore, it seems that NOS/arginase balance is dependent on clinical expression.
authors.affiliation: USTHB, "Cytokines and NO Synthases" Team, LBCM, FSB, BP 32 El Alia, Bab Ezzouar, 16111 Algiers, Algeria.
authors.forename: Houda
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3641-4291
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Belguendouz
authors.affiliation: USTHB, "Cytokines and NO Synthases" Team, LBCM, FSB, BP 32 El Alia, Bab Ezzouar, 16111 Algiers, Algeria.
authors.forename: Karima
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lahmar-Belguendouz
authors.affiliation: USTHB, "Cytokines and NO Synthases" Team, LBCM, FSB, BP 32 El Alia, Bab Ezzouar, 16111 Algiers, Algeria.
authors.forename: Djamel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Messaoudene
authors.affiliation: USTHB, "Cytokines and NO Synthases" Team, LBCM, FSB, BP 32 El Alia, Bab Ezzouar, 16111 Algiers, Algeria.
authors.forename: Zineb
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Djeraba
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine Department, CHU Mustapha Bacha, Algiers, Algeria.
authors.forename: Fifi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Otmani
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine Department, CHU Bab El Oued, Algiers, Algeria.
authors.forename: Djennat
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hakem
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmology Department, CHU Ibn Rochd, Annaba, Algeria.
authors.forename: Ouided S
authors.initials: OS
authors.lastname: Lahlou-Boukoffa
authors.affiliation: EA 2216, UBO, Brest, France.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Youinou
authors.affiliation: USTHB, "Cytokines and NO Synthases" Team, LBCM, FSB, BP 32 El Alia, Bab Ezzouar, 16111 Algiers, Algeria.
authors.forename: Chafia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Touil-Boukoffa