title: Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI evaluates the early response of human head and neck tumor xenografts following anti-EMMPRIN therapy with cisplatin or irradiation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the early therapeutic effects of anti-EMMPRIN (extracellular matrix metalloprotease inducer) antibody with/without cisplatin or X-ray radiation in head and neck cancer mouse models using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Mice bearing SCC1 (or OSC19) tumor xenografts were treated with anti-EMMPRIN antibody, radiation, cisplatin, or anti-EMMPRIN antibody plus cisplatin (or radiation) for a week (n = 4-5 per group). DCE-MRI was carried out on a 9.4T small animal MR scanner on days 0, 3, and 7, and K(trans) values were averaged in a 0.5-mm-thick peripheral tumor region. Ki67 and CD31 staining were implemented for all tumors after imaging.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The K(trans) changes of SCC1 and OSC19 tumors treated with anti-EMMPRIN antibody for 3 days were -18 ± 8% and 4 ± 7%, respectively, which were significantly lower than those of control groups (39 ± 5% and 45 ± 7%; P = 0.0025 and 0.0220, respectively). When cisplatin was added, those were -42 ± 9% and -44 ± 9%, respectively, and with radiation, -45 ± 9% and -27 ± 10%, respectively, which were also significantly lower than those of control groups (P < 0.0001 for all four comparisons). In the eight groups untreated (served as control) or treated with anti-EMMPRIN antibody with/without cisplatin or radiation, the mean K(trans) change for 3 days was significantly correlated with the mean tumor volume change for 7 days (r = 0.74, P = 0.0346), Ki67-expressing cell density (r = 0.96, P = 0.0001), and CD31 density (r = 0.84, P = 0.0084).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DCE-MRI might be utilized to assess the early therapeutic effects of anti-EMMPRIN antibody with/without chemotherapy or radiotherapy in head and neck cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.|Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
authors.forename: Hyunki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
authors.forename: Yolanda E
authors.initials: YE
authors.lastname: Hartman
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
authors.forename: Guihua
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhai
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas K
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6148-1184
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
authors.forename: Melissa L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Korb
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
authors.forename: Timothy M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Beasley
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.|Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
authors.forename: Eben L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Rosenthal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D051926:Basigin / Q000276:immunology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D059248:Chemoradiotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003287:Contrast Media; D016903:Drug Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D011379:Prognosis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D003287:Contrast Media; D051926:Basigin; D002945:Cisplatin
keywords: DCE-MRI; anti-EMMPRIN antibody; cisplatin; head and neck cancer; radiotherapy