title: Transcriptional and biochemical effects of cadmium and manganese on the defense system of Octopus vulgaris paralarvae.
abstract: Due to anthropogenic activities the relative concentrations of cadmium and manganese have increased in the marine environment. Cephalopods are able to accumulate such metals and, as inhabitant of coastal waters, Octopus vulgaris is continuously exposed to anthropogenic activities. Since no study is available on the effects of heavy metals at molecular level in developing octopuses, herein we exposed 1-day-old paralarvae for 24 h to 10, 100, and 1000 μg/L of CdCl2 or MnCl2. Cd exerted a concentration-dependent inhibition of survival and a reduction in growth rate was shown while Mn exposure did not affect the survival rate even at the highest concentrations. Gene expression profiles of hsp70, sod, cat, and gst genes were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR and defined patterns of transcription were observed. Moreover posttranscriptional analyses were also performed suggesting the impairment of metabolic functions, under strong oxidative conditions (as occurred in paralarvae exposed to Cd) or the complete detoxification events (as occurred in paralarvae exposed to Mn).
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Ecology and Biotechnology, National Research Council, Institute for Coastal Marine Environment, UOS Capo Granitola, Torretta Granitola, 91021 Trapani, Italy.
authors.forename: Aldo
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1722-2155
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nicosia
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Ecology and Biotechnology, National Research Council, Institute for Coastal Marine Environment, UOS Capo Granitola, Torretta Granitola, 91021 Trapani, Italy.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salamone
authors.affiliation: National Research Council, Institute for Coastal Marine Environment, Calata Porta di Massa, 80133 Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mazzola
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Ecology and Biotechnology, National Research Council, Institute for Coastal Marine Environment, UOS Capo Granitola, Torretta Granitola, 91021 Trapani, Italy.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cuttitta
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity*; D002374:Catalase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006801:Humans; D008345:Manganese / Q000633:toxicity*; D049831:Octopodiformes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D002104:Cadmium; D008345:Manganese; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase