title: Silver nanoparticle gated, mesoporous silica coated gold nanorods (AuNR@MS@AgNPs): low premature release and multifunctional cancer theranostic platform.
abstract: Multifunctional nanoparticles integrated with an imaging module and therapeutic drugs are promising candidates for future cancer diagnosis and therapy. Mesoporous silica coated gold nanorods (AuNR@MS) have emerged as a novel multifunctional cancer theranostic platform combining the large specific surface area of mesoporous silica, which guarantees a high drug payload, and the photothermal modality of AuNRs. However, premature release and side effects of exogenous stimulus still hinder the further application of AuNR@MS. To address these issues, herein, we proposed a glutathione (GSH)-responsive multifunctional AuNR@MS nanocarrier with in situ formed silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as the capping agent. The inner AuNR core functions as a hyperthermia agent, while the outer mesoporous silica shell exhibits the potential to allow a high drug payload, thus posing itself as an effective drug carrier. With the incorporation of targeting aptamers, the constructed nanocarriers show drug release in accordance with an intracellular GSH level with maximum drug release into tumors and minimum systemic release in the blood. Meanwhile, the photothermal effect of the AuNRs upon application to near-infrared (NIR) light led to a rapid rise in the local temperature, resulting in an enhanced cell cytotoxicity. Such a versatile theranostic system as AuNR@MS@AgNPs is expected to have a wide biomedical application and may be particularly useful for cancer therapy.
authors.affiliation: †State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
authors.forename: Zhehua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: †State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.|‡Department of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hunan City University, Yiyang, 413000, China.
authors.forename: Changhui
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: †State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
authors.forename: Junhui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: ∥Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Shands Cancer Center and UF Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States.
authors.forename: Cuichen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: †State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: †State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
authors.forename: Yinhui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: †State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: †State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.|§School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China.
authors.forename: Ronghua
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: †State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.|∥Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Shands Cancer Center and UF Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States.
authors.forename: Weihong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tan
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000138:chemical synthesis; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D004058:Diffusion; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007036:Hypothermia, Induced / Q000379:methods*; D008422:Materials Testing; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods; D058608:Nanopores / Q000648:ultrastructure; D043942:Nanotubes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D016062:Porosity; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D012834:Silver; D006046:Gold; D012822:Silicon Dioxide
keywords: GSH; gold nanorods; mesoporous silica nanoparticles; photodynamic therapy; photothermal therapy; silver nanoparticle