title: DMP1-derived peptides promote remineralization of human dentin.
abstract: Remineralization of dentin during dental caries is of considerable clinical interest. Dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) is a non-collagenous calcium-binding protein that plays a critical role in biomineralization. In the present study, we tested if peptides derived from DMP1 can be used for dentin remineralization. Peptide pA (pA, MW = 1.726 kDa) and peptide pB (pB, MW = 2.185), containing common collagen-binding domains and unique calcium-binding domains, were synthesized by solid-phase chemistry. An extreme caries lesion scenario was created by collagenase digestion, and the biomineral-nucleating potential of these peptides was ascertained when coated on collagenase-treated dentin matrix and control, native human dentin matrix under physiological levels of calcium and phosphate. Scanning electron microscopy analysis suggests that peptide pB was an effective nucleator when compared with pA. However, a 1:4 ratio of pA to pB was determined to be ideal for dentin remineralization, based on hydroxyapatite (HA) morphology and calcium/phosphorus ratios. Interestingly, HA was nucleated on collagenase-challenged dentin with as little as 20 min of 1:4 peptide incubation. Electron diffraction confirmed the presence of large HA crystals that produced a diffraction pattern indicative of a rod-like crystal structure. These findings suggest that DMP1-derived peptides may be useful to modulate mineral deposition and subsequent formation of HA when exposed to physiological concentrations of calcium and phosphate.
authors.affiliation: Brodie Tooth Development Genetics & Regenerative Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Oral Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Padovano
authors.affiliation: Brodie Tooth Development Genetics & Regenerative Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Oral Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ravindran
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: P T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Snee
authors.affiliation: Brodie Tooth Development Genetics & Regenerative Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Oral Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ramachandran
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Bedran-Russo
authors.affiliation: Brodie Tooth Development Genetics & Regenerative Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Oral Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA anneg@uic.edu.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: George
mesh_terms: D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000378:metabolism; D003461:Crystallography; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D003804:Dentin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D017886:Durapatite / Q000378:metabolism; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology; D010710:Phosphates / Q000494:pharmacology; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011485:Protein Binding; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors; D014089:Tooth Remineralization; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D024042:Collagen Type I; C513309:DMP1 protein, human; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D010710:Phosphates; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; C571744:bone sialoprotein (35-62), human; D017886:Durapatite; D002118:Calcium
keywords: biomimetics; calcification; dentin matrix protein 1; dentin repair; extracellular matrix; hydroxyapatite