title: The role dietary of bioactive compounds on the regulation of histone acetylases and deacetylases: a review.
abstract: Nutrigenomics is an area of epigenomics that explores and defines the rapidly evolving field of diet-genome interactions. Lifestyle and diet can significantly influence epigenetic mechanisms, which cause heritable changes in gene expression without changes in DNA sequence. Nutrient-dependent epigenetic variations can significantly affect genome stability, mRNA and protein expression, and metabolic changes, which in turn influence food absorption and the activity of its constituents. Dietary bioactive compounds can affect epigenetic alterations, which are accumulated over time and are shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of age-related diseases such as diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. Histone acetylation is an epigenetic modification mediated by histone acetyl transferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) critically involved in regulating affinity binding between the histones and DNA backbone. The HDAC-mediated increase in histone affinity to DNA causes DNA condensation, preventing transcription, whereas HAT-acetylated chromatin is transcriptionally active. HDAC and HAT activities are reported to be associated with signal transduction, cell growth and death, as well as with the pathogenesis of various diseases. The aim of this review was to evaluate the role of diet and dietary bioactive compounds on the regulation of HATs and HDACs in epigenetic diseases. Dietary bioactive compounds such as genistein, phenylisothiocyanate, curcumin, resveratrol, indole-3-carbinol, and epigallocatechin-3-gallate can regulate HDAC and HAT activities and acetylation of histones and non-histone chromatin proteins, and their health benefits are thought to be attributed to these epigenetic mechanisms. The intake of dietary compounds that regulate epigenetic modifications can provide significant health effects and may prevent various pathological processes involved in the development of cancer and other life-threatening diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, Nutrition and Food Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: farhadvahiid@gmail.com.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vahid
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, Nutrition and Food Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Cell and Molecular Science and Nutrition, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zand
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3T 2N2.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nosrat-Mirshekarlou
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, Nutrition and Food Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Najafi
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, Nutrition and Food Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hekmatdoost
mesh_terms: D002843:Chromatin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019175:DNA Methylation; D004032:Diet; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D015894:Genome, Human; D042822:Genomic Instability / Q000187:drug effects; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006657:Histones / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational / Q000187:drug effects*; D000077185:Resveratrol; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D005419:Flavonoids; D006657:Histones; D007211:Indoles; D013267:Stilbenes; C016517:indole-3-carbinol; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases; D006655:Histone Deacetylases; D000077185:Resveratrol
keywords: Dietary bioactive compounds; Epigenetics; Histone deacetylase; Histones acetyltransferase