title: Cytokine and lipid mediator networks in tuberculosis.
abstract: A major approach for immunologic intervention in tuberculosis involves redirecting the outcome of the host immune response from the induction of disease to pathogen control. Cytokines and lipid mediators known as eicosanoids play key roles in regulating this balance and as such represent important targets for immunologic intervention. While the evidence for cytokine/eicosanoid function derives largely from the investigation of murine and zebrafish experimental infection models, clinical studies have confirmed the existence of many of the same pathways in tuberculosis patients. Here, we summarize new data that reveal important intersections between the cytokine and eicosanoid networks in the host response to mycobacteria and discuss how targeting this crosstalk can promote resistance to lethal Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. This approach could lead to new host-directed therapies to be used either as an adjunct for improving the efficacy of standard antibiotic treatment or for the management of drug-resistant infections.
authors.affiliation: Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Disease, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Katrin D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Mayer-Barber
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sher
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D015777:Eicosanoids / Q000378:metabolism*; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D015777:Eicosanoids; D018836:Inflammation Mediators
keywords: cytokines; eicosanoids; host-directed therapy; lipoxins; prostaglandins; tuberculosis