title: Use of Probiotic Bacillus spp. in Rotifer (Brachionus plicatilis) and Artemia (Artemia urmiana) Enrichment: Effects on Growth and Survival of Pacific White Shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, Larvae.
abstract: This study was to evaluate the effect of a preparation of Bacillus probiotic (Bacillus licheniformis and B. subtilis, 1:1) on growth and survival rate of Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei larvae. The larvae were fed on Artemia urmiana nauplii and Brachionus plicatilis enriched with the probiotic preparation at 1 × 10(6) CFU mL(-1) rate. The experimental setup was completely randomized design comprised of six treatments, namely solo Artemia nauplii (A) or rotifer (R), Artemia nauplii and rotifer without any enrichment (A + R), Artemia nauplii enrichment with probiotic bacilli (Bacillus licheniformis and B. subtilis) (A + B), rotifer enrichment with probiotic bacilli (R + B) and enriched Artemia nauplii and rotifer (A + R + B). All treatments were performed in triplicate. Chemical parameters of rearing water viz. pH, salinity and temperature were 7.5-8, 30-31 ppt and 31-32 °C, respectively. Photoperiod was 16L:8D. Shrimp larvae were fed Artemia nauplii and rotifers at 5-20 and 10-40 individuals per shrimp larvae four times a day, respectively. Growth and survival rate of larvae were determined at MII, MIII, PL1, PL4, PL7 and PL10 stages. Larvae in A + R + B treatment showed the highest total length (10.89 ± 0.51 mm), weight (674 ± 73 μg) and survival rate (65% ± 3.5). Lowest total length, weight and survival rate (7.96 ± 0.63 mm, 493 ± 52 μg and 24.5 ± 2.4%, respectively) were recorded in treatment B larvae. We concluded that Bacillus probiotic can improve growth and survival rate of Pacific white shrimp larvae without conceivably undesirable effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Fisheries, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran, saeed.jamali11@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Hadi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jamali
authors.forename: Ahmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Imani
authors.forename: Daruosh
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Abdollahi
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Roozbehfar
authors.forename: Amin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Isari
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001156:Artemia / Q000254:growth & development / Q000382:microbiology*; D001407:Bacillus / Q000502:physiology*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007814:Larva / Q000254:growth & development / Q000382:microbiology*; D033561:Penaeidae / Q000254:growth & development / Q000382:microbiology*; D019936:Probiotics; D012403:Rotifera / Q000254:growth & development / Q000382:microbiology*; D054712:Salinity