title: Study of the use of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor hydrogel externally to treat residual wounds of extensive deep partial-thickness burn.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to observe the clinical effects of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) hydrogel in the treatment of residual wounds of extensive deep partial-thickness burn.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, 21 subjects who sustained deep partial-thickness burns, which did not heal over 8 weeks, were observed. These were randomly assigned to two paired groups: the experimental group (using rhGM-CSF, n = 21) and the control group (using mupirocin ointment, n = 21). The wound dressings were changed once daily. Wound secretion, inflammation, granulation tissues, local and general side effects of the drug, wound healing time, and healing rate at different times were observed and compared between the two groups. The differences in the pathology of new vessels and fibroblasts between the two groups were observed, and their number in immunohistochemistry was detected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The wound healing time was 17.28 ± 6.70 days in the experimental group. It was significantly shorter than that of the control group (22.14 ± 7.38 days). The healing rates at 10 and 14 days in the experimental group were 54 ± 27% and 60 ± 36%, respectively. These healing rates were remarkably higher than those of the control group (43 ± 27% and 48 ± 30%). On the 3rd, 7th, 10th, and 14th day, the experimental group was obviously superior to the control group in wound inflammation, secretion, and granulation tissues. Furthermore, on the 7th, 10th, 14th, 21st, and 28th day, the bacterial clearance rates of the experimental group (42.85%, 52.38%, 90.47%, 95.24%, and 95.24%) were higher than those of the control group (4.76%, 4.76%, 38.10%, 76.19%, and 80.95%). On the 14th day, the average optical density of the vascular endothelial factor (VEGF) of the experimental group (0.21 ± 0.01) is bigger than that of the control group (0.18 ± 0.02) (P < 0.05), and the average optical density of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) of the experimental group (0.25 ± 0.01) is also larger than that of the control group (0.18 ± 0.02) (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  rhGM-CSF hydrogel effectively promotes the healing process of residual wounds of extensive deep partial-thickness burns. The hydrogel removed most of the bacteria or inhibited growth, and the local and general side reactions of the drug were mild during the study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China. Electronic address: gx-linyuan8@163.com.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Minghua
authors.affiliation: Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China.
authors.forename: Ding
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Feifei
authors.affiliation: Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China.
authors.forename: Wang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Runxiu
authors.affiliation: Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ziqiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China.
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chengyue
authors.affiliation: Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wenbo
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002056:Burns / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006097:Granulation Tissue; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016712:Mupirocin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009824:Ointments / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014945:Wound Healing
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D009824:Ointments; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; C082430:molgramostim; D016712:Mupirocin
keywords: Extensive deep partial-thickness burn; Mupirocin; Recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; Residual wounds