title: The influence of prostaglandin PGE1 and PGF2alpha analogues on autonomic nervous system activity, estimated with heart rate variability, in cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis in rats.
abstract: The cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis (CP-HC) is a common consequence of cyclophosphamide treatment with complex pathophysiology involving several inflammatory mechanisms and autonomic nervous system dysregulation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine effects of prostaglandin PGE1 and PGF2alpha analogues on the activity of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), estimatedindirectly on the basis of heart rate variability (HRV), in an experimental model of cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis (CP-HC). Moreover we verified if potential changes in autonomic regulation can contribute to uroprotective role of prostaglandins.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included three groups of rats with experimentally induced CP-HC. The animals from group 2 and 3 were administered PGE1 and PGF2a analogues, respectively, and the rats from group 1 (controls) did not receive any treatment. The HRV of animals from all the groups was analyzed after seven days of the experiment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Administration of both PGF2alpha and PGE1 was associated with an increase in the power of VLF component and total power on frequency-domain analysis. Moreover, a significant increase in the power of non-normalized components, LH and HF, and two parameters of time-domain analysis, SDN-N and rMSSD, was documented in PGF2alpha-administered animals. Both prostaglandin-treated groups did not differ significantly from the controls in terms of the values of normalized parameters, nLF and nHF.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The analyzed prostaglandin analogues increased total autonomic activity but did not induced preferential changes in sympathetic or parasympathetic activity. Nevertheless, the VLF changes documented on HRV analysis may reflect a decrease in the level of certain pro-inflammatory mediators, thus pointing to, previously postulated in literature, potential beneficial uroprotective effect of prostaglandins in CP-HC.
authors.forename: Ukasz
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Dobrek
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baranowska
authors.forename: Beata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Skowron
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zurowski
authors.forename: Agata
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Furgała
authors.forename: Piotr J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Thor
mesh_terms: D000527:Alprostadil / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D003556:Cystitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects*; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D015237:Dinoprost; D000527:Alprostadil