title: Comparison of cytotoxicity of various concentrations origanum extract solution with 2% chlorhexidine gluconate and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the cytotoxicity of 0.5-4.5 origanum extract solution (OES), 2% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) with WST-1 test on human periodontal ligament (hPDL) fibroblasts.
  
  
  METHODS
  About 0.5-4.5% OES, 2% CHX and 5.25% NaOCl solutions cytotoxicity was evaluated with cell culture test using PDL fibroblasts. Viability of hPDL cells was evaluated with WST-1 (Cell Proliferation Reagent WST-1 Roche) test at 1, 24 and 72(nd) h. hPDL cells were plated at 20 × 10(3) cells per well in 96-well plates. Absorbance values were read in optical density 480 nm by ELISA plate reader spectrophotometer. The statistical differences between various groups were evaluated using one-way ANOVA, post-hoc Duncan's Multiple Range test using SAS software. Statistically, a significant difference was considered at P < 0.001.
  
  
  RESULTS
  According to the 1-h cytotoxicity results, 0.5% OES showed the least cytotoxic effect in test groups. There were not found any statistical significance between 1% OES and 2% CHX. About 5.25% NaOCl showed more cytotoxic effect than 1% OES and 2% CHX. In 24 and 72 h, different concentrations of OES, 5.25% NaOCl, 2% CHX solutions showed similar cytotoxic effect.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on these results, 1% OES and 2% CHX showed similar results and less cytotoxic effect than 5.25% NaOCl. It could be considered as a favorable solution concentration when OES was used as root canal irrigation solution.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Sifa University, Izmir, Turkiye.
authors.forename: Evren
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ok
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkiye.
authors.forename: Necdet
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Adanir
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkiye.
authors.forename: Sema
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hakki
keywords: Chlorhexidine gluconate; WST-1 test; cytotoxicity tests; origanum extract solution; sodium hypochlorite