Alginate microparticles loaded with lipopolysaccharide subunit antigen for mucosal vaccination against Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) is one of the commonest causes of nosocomial infections in human beings. Since K. pneumoniae infections are air borne type, controlling it by mucosal vaccination through nasal and pulmonary route could be a promising approach in order to simulate the natural infection. New vaccines such as subunit vaccines are safer than traditional vaccines, but they are less immunogenic. Therefore to enhance their immunogenicity, there is a need to develop potent and safe adjuvants and delivery systems. It has been established that micro-particles are one of the most potent adjuvants available for mucosal delivery of vaccines and they do so by improving uptake of encapsulated antigen by antigen presenting cells (APCs). Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the antigenic fraction was extracted from K. pneumoniae by hot phenol extraction method. LPS loaded sodium alginate microparticles were prepared by emulsion ionic gelation method. Microparticles with particle size less than 5 μm were obtained. Loading efficiency of the LPS loaded microparticles ranged from 76 to 82 %. Comparative in vivo immunogenicity studies were carried for free LPS and encapsulated LPS, administered via intramuscular, intratracheal and intranasal routes in Swiss albino mice. The study revealed that LPS encapsulated microparticles exhibit greater efficacy when administered by intra-tracheal route as compared to free LPS vaccine.
Department of Pharmaceutics, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz (E), Mumbai 400098, Maharashtra, India.
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Jain
Department of Pharmaceutics, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz (E), Mumbai 400098, Maharashtra, India.
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Mehta
Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Bombay Veterinary College, Parel (E), Mumbai 400012, India.
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Bannalikar
Department of Pharmaceutics, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz (E), Mumbai 400098, Maharashtra, India. Electronic address: maladmbcp@yahoo.co.in.
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Menon
D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal / Q000187:drug effects*; D007710:Klebsiella Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D011817:Rabbits
D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides
Klebsiella pneumoniae; Lipopolysaccharide; Microparticles; Sodium alginate; Vaccine delivery systems