Factors associated with health-related quality of life among injection drug users at methadone clinics in Taipei, Taiwan.
BACKGROUND
Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is widely used as an indicator of health status. However, few studies have examined predictors of HRQOL among injection drug users (IDUs). We investigated factors associated with HRQOL among IDUs in Taiwan.


METHODS
In this cross-sectional study, recruited IDUs completed an HRQOL-related interview at methadone clinics in Taipei during 2012-2013. Multiple linear regression was used to identify factors associated with HRQOL.


RESULTS
Of 802 eligible participants, 85.4% were male; mean (SD) age was 44.7 (8.7) years. Mean scores for physical, psychological, social, and environmental HRQOL were 13.2, 11.8, 12.5, and 12.5, respectively. In multivariate analysis, social support was significantly associated with better HRQOL in all domains (β = 0.56, 0.87, 0.83, and 0.64, respectively), while obtaining most income from temporary jobs or other noncriminal sources was significantly associated with worse HRQOL in all domains (β = -1.00, -1.03, -1.15, and -1.22, respectively). Receiving methadone treatment was associated with good physical and psychological HRQOL (β = 1.47 and 0.79, respectively), while history of drug overdose (β = -0.40 and -0.53, respectively), history of cutaneous abscess (β = -0.45 and -0.53, respectively), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positivity (β = -0.41 and -0.58, respectively) were associated with lower physical and psychological HRQOL. Male sex (β = -0.64 and -0.70, respectively) and a greater number of incarcerations (β = -0.11 and -0.12, respectively) were associated with poor social and environmental HRQOL.


CONCLUSIONS
Poor HRQOL was associated with a number of factors among IDUs at methadone clinics in Taipei, Taiwan. To improve HRQOL in this population, future programs should focus on IDUs with a history of drug overdose. In addition, methadone programs and social support should be integrated to improve HRQOL among this socially marginalized population.
Section of Infectious Diseases, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Community Medicine Research Center and Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
Yung-Feng
YF
Yen
Community Medicine Research Center and Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
Pesus
P
Chou
Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
Yu-Shiuan
YS
Lin
Institute of Hospital and Health Care Administration, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC. Electronic address: cydeng@ym.edu.tw.
Chung-Yeh
CY
Deng
D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008691:Methadone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation
D008691:Methadone
Taiwan; health-related quality of life; injection drug use; methadone