Ethnicity differences in breast cancer stage at the time of diagnosis in Norway.
OBJECTIVE
Several studies have demonstrated that breast cancer survival rates differ with ethnicity. Most of these studies analyzed discrepancies between African-American and Caucasian-American women and were performed in the United States. There are increasing concerns about differences in breast cancer survival among immigrants from Asia and Africa living in Europe, including those living in Scandinavian countries. There are few data on breast cancer survival in relation to race or ethnicity in Scandinavian countries, even though immigrants from Asia and Africa have lived in Scandinavian countries for decades. The aim of this study was to identify variations in breast cancer incidence, treatment modalities, relapse, and survival among women from Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Somalia compared to ethnic Norwegian women.


METHODS
The incidence, treatment modalities, relapse, and survival of breast cancer were analyzed in women from Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Somalia in a nation-based study over a period of 7 ears. Results for women from Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Somalia were compared with those from a group of ethnic Norwegian women during the same period. In our study, 63 patients from Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Somalia were diagnosed with breast cancer during the period 2002-2009 in Norway.


CONCLUSIONS
Comparison between women from Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Somalia and ethnic women from Norway revealed significant differences in cancer stage at the time of diagnosis, age at diagnosis, type of surgical treatment, and relapse and breast cancer mortality rates. The findings of this study demonstrate that the outcome after a breast cancer diagnosis is significantly worse for women from Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Somalia than for ethnic Norwegian women. In addition, the mean age at the breast cancer diagnosis was lower for women from Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Somalia, especially those from Sri Lanka and Somalia, than for ethnic Norwegian women.
Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Akershus University Hospital, Lorenskog, Norway Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway fahim.latif@live.no.
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F
Latif
The Norwegian Knowledge Centre for the Health Services, Oslo, Norway.
J
J
Helgeland
Division of Infectious Disease Control, National Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Aas, Norway.
G
G
Bukholm
Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Akershus University Hospital, Lorenskog, Norway Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway Institute of Health Promotion, Akershus University Hospital, Lorenskog, Norway.
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IR
Bukholm
D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000628:therapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008327:Mammography / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009017:Morbidity / Q000639:trends; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000208:ethnology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging / Q000379:methods*; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D010154:Pakistan / Q000208:ethnology; D012042:Registries; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012998:Somalia / Q000208:ethnology; D013188:Sri Lanka / Q000208:ethnology; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends
Breast cancer; ethnicity; relapse; stage; surgery; survival