ICD-11 Complex PTSD in US National and Veteran Samples: Prevalence and Structural Associations with PTSD.
The eleventh edition of theInternational Classification of Diseases(ICD-11) is under development and current proposals include major changes to trauma-related psychiatric diagnoses, including a heavily restricted definition of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the addition of complex PTSD (CPTSD). We aimed to test the postulates of CPTSD in samples of 2695 community participants and 323 trauma-exposed military veterans. CPTSD prevalence estimates were 0.6% and 13% in the community and veteran samples, respectively; one-quarter to one-half of those with PTSD met criteria for CPTSD. There were no differences in trauma exposure across diagnoses. A factor mixture model with two latent dimensional variables and four latent classes provided the best fit in both samples: classes differed by their level of symptom severity but did not differ as a function of the proposed PTSD versus CPTSD diagnoses. These findings should raise concerns about the distinctions between CPTSD and PTSD proposed forICD-11.
VA National Center for PTSD and Boston University School of Medicine.
Erika J
EJ
Wolf
VA National Center for PTSD and Boston University School of Medicine.
Mark W
MW
Miller
Medical University of South Carolina.
Dean
D
Kilpatrick
Medical University of South Carolina.
Heidi S
HS
Resnick
Medical University of South Carolina.
Christal L
CL
Badour
VA National Center for PTSD and Boston University School of Medicine.
Brian P
BP
Marx
VA National Center for PTSD and Boston University School of Medicine.
Terence M
TM
Keane
New England Research Institutes.
Raymond C
RC
Rosen
VA National Center for PTSD & Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth.
Matthew J
MJ
Friedman
ICD; complex posttraumatic stress disorder; factor mixture model; taxonomy