Metal organic framework-mediated synthesis of highly active and stable Fischer-Tropsch catalysts.
Depletion of crude oil resources and environmental concerns have driven a worldwide research on alternative processes for the production of commodity chemicals. Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is a process for flexible production of key chemicals from synthesis gas originating from non-petroleum-based sources. Although the use of iron-based catalysts would be preferred over the widely used cobalt, manufacturing methods that prevent their fast deactivation because of sintering, carbon deposition and phase changes have proven challenging. Here we present a strategy to produce highly dispersed iron carbides embedded in a matrix of porous carbon. Very high iron loadings (>40 wt %) are achieved while maintaining an optimal dispersion of the active iron carbide phase when a metal organic framework is used as catalyst precursor. The unique iron spatial confinement and the absence of large iron particles in the obtained solids minimize catalyst deactivation, resulting in high active and stable operation.
1] Catalysis Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 136, 2628 BL Delft, The Netherlands [2] Core R&D, Dow Benelux B.V., PO Box 48, 4530 AA Terneuzen, The Netherlands.
Vera P
VP
Santos
Catalysis Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 136, 2628 BL Delft, The Netherlands.
Tim A
TA
Wezendonk
Departamento de Ciencia de los Materiales e Ingeniería Metalúrgica y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Río San Pedro, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
Juan José Delgado
JJ
Jaén
Fundamental Aspects of Materials and Energy Group, Delft University of Technology, 2629 JB Delft, The Netherlands.
A Iulian
AI
Dugulan
Catalysis Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 136, 2628 BL Delft, The Netherlands.
Maxim A
MA
Nasalevich
Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, WC1H 0AJ London, UK.
Husn-Ubayda
HU
Islam
Core R&D, Dow Benelux B.V., PO Box 48, 4530 AA Terneuzen, The Netherlands.
Adam
A
Chojecki
Catalysis Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 136, 2628 BL Delft, The Netherlands.
Sina
S
Sartipi
Catalysis Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 136, 2628 BL Delft, The Netherlands.
Xiaohui
X
Sun
Catalysis Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 136, 2628 BL Delft, The Netherlands.
Abrar A
AA
Hakeem
Hydrocarbons R&D, Dow Benelux B.V., PO Box 48, 4530 AA Terneuzen, The Netherlands.
Ard C J
AC
Koeken
Hydrocarbons R&D, Dow Benelux B.V., PO Box 48, 4530 AA Terneuzen, The Netherlands.
Matthijs
M
Ruitenbeek
Hydrocarbons R&D, Dow Benelux B.V., PO Box 48, 4530 AA Terneuzen, The Netherlands.
Thomas
T
Davidian
1] Core R&D, Dow Benelux B.V., PO Box 48, 4530 AA Terneuzen, The Netherlands [2] Hydrocarbons R&D, Dow Benelux B.V., PO Box 48, 4530 AA Terneuzen, The Netherlands.
Garry R
GR
Meima
Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, WC1H 0AJ London, UK.
Gopinathan
G
Sankar
Catalysis Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 136, 2628 BL Delft, The Netherlands.
Freek
F
Kapteijn
Catalysis Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 136, 2628 BL Delft, The Netherlands.
Michiel
M
Makkee
Catalysis Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 136, 2628 BL Delft, The Netherlands.
Jorge
J
Gascon