Efficacy of beer fermentation residue containing Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells for ameliorating aflatoxicosis in broilers.
This study aimed to determine the aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) binding capacity of a beer fermentation residue (BFR) containing Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells, and the efficacy of BFR to ameliorate the toxic effects of AFB1 on performance, serum biochemistry, and histology of broilers. The BFR was collected from a microbrewery, and the yeast cells were counted, dried, and milled before it was used in the study. In vitro evaluation of the BFR was conducted using different concentrations of AFB1 (2.0, 4.0, 8.0, 16.0, and 32.0 μg AFB1/mL) and 100 mg/10 mL of BFR at pH 3.0 or 6.0. Two hundred 1-day-old male broilers (Ross 308) were assigned to chick batteries and allowed ad libitum access to feed and water. A completely randomized design was used with 5 replicate pens of 5 chicks assigned to each of 4 dietary treatments from hatch to 21 d, which included: 1) basal diet (BD), with no BFR or AFB1; 2) BD supplemented with 1% BFR; 3) BD supplemented with 2 mg AFB1/kg of feed; and 4) BD supplemented with 2 mg AFB1/kg feed and 1% BFR. Performance variables were determined weekly, while serum analyses were performed on d 14 and 21. At the end of the study, chicks were anesthetized with carbon dioxide, euthanized by cervical dislocation, and the kidney, liver, and bursa of Fabricius were removed for determination of relative weights, and for histological evaluation. In vitro assays showed that the higher the initial AFB1 concentration in solution, the greater the AFB1 amount adsorbed by BFR at both pHs tested. Feed intake, BW gain, and concentrations of albumin, total protein, and globulin increased (P < 0.05) in broilers fed BFR+AFB1 (Diet 4), when compared to the birds receiving only AFB1 (Diet 2). Although BFR was not able to reduce or prevent the effects of AFB1 on relative weights of kidneys and liver, it reduced the severity of histological changes in the liver and kidney caused by AFB1.
Department of Food Engineering, School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP 13630-000, Brazil.
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Bovo
Department of Food Engineering, School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP 13630-000, Brazil.
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Franco
Animal Sciences Department, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211.
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Kobashigawa
Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211.
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Rottinghaus
Animal Sciences Department, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211.
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Ledoux
Department of Food Engineering, School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP 13630-000, Brazil carlosaf@usp.br.
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Oliveira
D000348:Aflatoxins / Q000633:toxicity; D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001515:Beer / Q000032:analysis*; D002060:Bursa of Fabricius / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D002645:Chickens; D005285:Fermentation; D005506:Food Contamination; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D015651:Mycotoxicosis / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects
D000348:Aflatoxins
aflatoxin B1; performance; poultry; yeast