[How Steady are Hospitals in Complying with Minimum Volume Standards? A Retrospective Longitudinal Data Analysis of the Years 2006, 2008, and 2010].
BACKGROUND
The outcome volume relationship has been analysed for more than 30 years and debated ever since. For German hospitals minimum volume standards (MVS) have been introduced for some procedures in 2004. Hospitals have to report procedure volumes in their quality reports. This study analyses for the first time how constant hospitals comply with minimum volume standards over time.


METHODS
Data used are the reported volumes, which hospitals published in their quality reports in 2006, 2008, and 2010. The case volumes of complex oesophageal and pancreatic interventions, total knee replacements, and liver, kidney and stem cell transplantations (KTX, LTX, STX) are analysed in a retrospective, longitudinal study design.


RESULTS
More than 80 % of hospitals conducting LTX, KTX, and total knee replacements are complying with MVS constantly, in STX 57 % of hospitals comply, and with complex pancreatic and oesophageal interventions compliance is 44 and 28 %, respectively. Twenty-seven to 36 % of hospitals conducting the three last mentioned procedures vary in complying with the MVS over time. 3.5 % (total knee replacements) up to 26 % (pancreatic interventions) and 37 % (oesophageal interventions) of all hospitals constantly fail to comply with MVS. Hospitals constantly over the MVS treat more than 80 % of all patients, except in complex oesophageal interventions. Hospitals with varying compliance in oesophageal and pancreatic interventions are mainly hospitals with 100 to 599 beds. Only very few hospitals of these two procedure types stop conducting the interventions after failing to comply with MVS earlier, the other some 120 hospitals for each intervention type treat 2 cases on average per year.


CONCLUSIONS
The MVS on KTX, LTX, STX, and total knee replacement are almost constantly complied with. A considerable number of hospitals conducting oesophageal and pancreatic interventions never or rarely meet the MVS without discontinuing this type of intervention. At least for hospitals that never comply with MVS on oesophageal and pancreatic interventions, requirements and possibilities for a regional patient transfer should be studied in depth.
Institut für Gesundheitssystemforschung, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Deutschland.
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de Cruppé
Institut für Gesundheitssystemforschung, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Deutschland.
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Geraedts
D000328:Adult; D004947:Esophagus / Q000601:surgery; D005858:Germany; D019983:Guideline Adherence / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence* / Q000592:standards*; D006742:Hospital Bed Capacity / Q000592:standards; D061846:Hospitals, Low-Volume / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence* / Q000592:standards* / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D009313:National Health Programs / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence* / Q000639:trends*; D010179:Pancreas / Q000601:surgery; D063868:Patient Outcome Assessment; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence* / Q000592:standards*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence* / Q000592:standards* / Q000639:trends