Investigation on the physical-mechanical properties of dental resin composites reinforced with novel bimodal silica nanostructures.
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of bimodal silica nanostructures comprising of SiO2 nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs, ~70 nm) and SiO2 nanoclusters (SiO2 NCs, 0.07-2.70 μm) on physical-mechanical properties of resin-based composites (RBCs). SiO2 NPs and SiO2 NCs were prepared with the Stöber method and the coupling reaction, respectively, then silanized and employed as fillers to construct RBCs using a mixture of bisphenol A glycerolate dimethacrylate (Bis-GMA) and tri(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) as the organic matrix. Results showed that the properties of RBCs were influenced by the filler ratios of bimodal silica nanostructures, and the appropriate amount of SiO2 NPs could effectively increase the activating light efficiency and filler packing density of RBCs. Among all experimental RBCs, RBC 50-20 (SiO2 NPs:SiO2 NCs=50:20, wt/wt) presented the highest degree of conversion (71.6±1.1%), the lowest polymerization shrinkage (2.6±0.1%), and the enhanced flexural strength (104.8±4.4 MPa), flexural modulus (6.2±0.3 GPa), and compressive strength (205.8±14.3 MPa), which were improved by 44%, 19%, 28%, 48%, and 42% in comparison with those of RBC 0-60 (SiO2 NPs:SiO2 NCs=0:60, wt/wt), respectively. Besides, in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation of RBC 50-20 indicated its acceptable cytotoxicity. Although the best performance was achieved by commercial Z350 XT, the introduction of bimodal silica nanostructures might provide the enhanced physical-mechanical properties of RBCs, compared with those of RBC 0-60 reinforced with unimodal SiO2 NCs.
State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China.
Ruili
R
Wang
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, PR China.
Maolin
M
Zhang
State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China.
Fengwei
F
Liu
State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China.
Shuang
S
Bao
Department of General Dentistry, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, PR China.
Tiantian
T
Wu
State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China.
Xiaoze
X
Jiang
State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China.
Qinghong
Q
Zhang
State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China. Electronic address: zhumf@dhu.edu.cn.
Meifang
M
Zhu
D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D055595:Mechanical Phenomena; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D058105:Polymerization; D011140:Polyurethanes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*
D000180:Acrylic Resins; C029012:Composite Dental Resin; D003188:Composite Resins; D011140:Polyurethanes; D012822:Silicon Dioxide
Bimodal silica nanostructures; Cytotoxicity assay; Filler compositions; Mechanical properties; Polymerization shrinkage; Resin composites