Photoacoustic spectrum analysis for microstructure characterization in biological tissue: analytical model.
Photoacoustic spectrum (PA) analysis (PASA) has been found to have the ability to identify the microstructures in phantoms and biological tissues. PASA adopts the procedures in ultrasound spectrum analysis, although the signal generation mechanisms related to ultrasound backscatter and PA wave generation differ. The purpose of this study was to theoretically validate PASA. The analytical solution to the power spectrum of PA signals generated by identical microspheres following discrete uniform random distribution in space was derived. The simulation and experiment validation of the analytical solution include: (i) the power spectrum profile of a single microsphere with a diameter of 300 μm, and (ii) the PASA parameters of the PA signals generated by randomly distributed microspheres 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 μm in diameter, at concentrations of 30, 60, 120, 240, 480 per 1.5(3) cm(3) in the observation range 0.5-13 MHz.
Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. Electronic address: xdwang@umich.edu.
Guan
G
Xu
Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
J Brian
JB
Fowlkes
Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Chao
C
Tao
Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Xiaojun
X
Liu
Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Xueding
X
Wang
D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D003198:Computer Simulation; D054459:Elasticity Imaging Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D033401:Microscopy, Acoustic / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008954:Models, Biological; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D061088:Photoacoustic Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
Photoacoustics; Quantitative imaging; Spectrum analysis; Tissue characterization