Imaging coronary artery disease and the myocardial ischemic cascade: clinical principles and scope.
On a subcellular level, atherogenesis is characterized by the translocation of proatherogenic lipoproteins into the arterial wall. An inflammatory response involving complex repair mechanisms subsequently causes maladaptive vascular changes resulting in coronary stenosis or occlusion. The chronology of the underlying processes occurring from atherosclerosis to myocardial ischemia affect the selection and interpretation of diagnostic testing. An understanding of the ischemic cascade, atherosclerosis, coronary remodeling, plaque morphology, and their relationship to clinical syndromes is essential in determining which diagnostic modalities are useful in clinical practice.
Heart and Vascular Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Ashley River Tower, 25 Courtenay Drive, Charleston, SC 29425-2260, USA; Department of Medicine I, Cardiology and Angiology, Giessen University Hospital, Klinistrasse 33, Giessen 35392, Germany.
Matthias
M
Renker
Heart and Vascular Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Ashley River Tower, 25 Courtenay Drive, Charleston, SC 29425-2260, USA; 1st Department of Medicine University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, Mannheim 68167, Germany.
Stefan
S
Baumann
Heart and Vascular Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Ashley River Tower, 25 Courtenay Drive, Charleston, SC 29425-2260, USA.
Jeremy
J
Rier
Heart and Vascular Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Ashley River Tower, 25 Courtenay Drive, Charleston, SC 29425-2260, USA; Department of Cardiology, Heart Centre Munich-Bogenhausen, Munich Municipal Hospital Group, Englschalkinger Strasse 77, Munich 81925, Germany.
Ullrich
U
Ebersberger
Heart and Vascular Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Ashley River Tower, 25 Courtenay Drive, Charleston, SC 29425-2260, USA.
Stephen R
SR
Fuller
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, HD281, 165 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
Nicholas I
NI
Batalis
Heart and Vascular Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Ashley River Tower, 25 Courtenay Drive, Charleston, SC 29425-2260, USA. Electronic address: schoepf@musc.edu.
U Joseph
UJ
Schoepf
Heart and Vascular Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Ashley River Tower, 25 Courtenay Drive, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
Salvatore A
SA
Chiaramida
D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging; D006801:Humans; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D058226:Plaque, Atherosclerotic / Q000473:pathology; D066253:Vascular Remodeling / Q000502:physiology
Atherosclerosis; Coronary artery disease; Ischemic cascade; Myocardial ischemia; Plaque vulnerability; Vascular remodeling