Treatment of table olive processing wastewaters using novel photomodified ultrafiltration membranes as first step for recovering phenolic compounds.
Table olive processing wastewaters (TOPW) have high salt concentration and total phenolic content (TPC) causing many environmental problems. To reduce them, ultrafiltration (UF) was applied for treating TOPW. However, NaCl, which is the main responsible of salinity in TOPW, and phenols are small molecules that cannot be separated by conventional UF membranes. They have serious problems caused by fouling, which can be overcome using membrane modification techniques. For these reasons, photomodification may be an effective technique to obtain a stream rich in TPC due to the changes in membrane surface properties. UV-modification in the presence of two hydrophilic compounds (polyethylene glycol and aluminium oxide) was performed to achieve membranes with high reductions of organic matter and to keep the TPC as high as possible. Commercial polyethersulfone (PES) membranes of 30 kDa were used. Surface modification was evaluated using FTIR-ATR spectroscopy and membrane performance was studied by calculating the rejection ratios of colour, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and TPC. Results demonstrated that UF is a useful pre-treatment to reduce organic matter from TOPW, obtaining a permeate rich in TPC. PES/Al2O3 membranes displayed superior antifouling properties and rejection values, keeping high the TPC (>95%). Therefore, UF using modified membranes is an appropriate and sustainable technique for treating TOPW.
Research Institute for Industrial, Radiophysical and Environmental Safety, Universitat Politècnica de València, C/Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain. Electronic address: jorgariv@posgrado.upv.es.
Jorge
J
Garcia-Ivars
Research Institute for Industrial, Radiophysical and Environmental Safety, Universitat Politècnica de València, C/Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, C/Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
Maria-Isabel
MI
Iborra-Clar
Research Institute for Industrial, Radiophysical and Environmental Safety, Universitat Politècnica de València, C/Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, C/Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
Maria-Isabel
MI
Alcaina-Miranda
Research Institute for Industrial, Radiophysical and Environmental Safety, Universitat Politècnica de València, C/Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, C/Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
José-Antonio
JA
Mendoza-Roca
Depuración de Aguas de Mediterráneo, Avenida Benjamin Franklin, 21, Parque Tecnológico, 46980, Paterna, Spain.
Laura
L
Pastor-Alcañiz
D000537:Aluminum Oxide / Q000737:chemistry; D057919:Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D007220:Industrial Waste; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D031658:Olea; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010777:Photochemistry; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014462:Ultrafiltration; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*
D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D007220:Industrial Waste; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D010636:Phenols; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D000537:Aluminum Oxide
Antifouling; Hydrophilicity; Olive wastewater; Phenolic compound; Surface modification