Hydrogenation using iron oxide-based nanocatalysts for the synthesis of amines.
In this protocol, we describe the preparation of nanoscale iron oxide-based materials and their use in the catalysis of different hydrogenation reactions. Pyrolysis of a Fe(OAc)2-phenanthroline complex on carbon at 800 °C under argon atmosphere results in the formation of nanoscale Fe2O3 particles surrounded by nitrogen-doped graphene layers. By applying these catalysts, the hydrogenation of structurally diverse and functionalized nitroarenes to anilines proceeds with excellent selectivity. Furthermore, we have shown that one-pot reductive amination of carbonyl compounds with nitroarenes is also possible in the presence of these iron oxide catalysts. We report herein the synthesis of more than 40 amines, which are important feedstocks and key intermediates for pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and polymers. The detailed preparation of the catalysts and the procedures for the hydrogenation processes are presented. The overall time required for the catalyst preparation and for the hydrogenation reactions are 35 h and 20-35 h, respectively.
Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
Rajenahally V
RV
Jagadeesh
Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
Tobias
T
Stemmler
Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
Annette-Enrica
AE
Surkus
Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
Henrik
H
Junge
Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
Kathrin
K
Junge
Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
Matthias
M
Beller
D000588:Amines / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002384:Catalysis; D060326:Chemistry Techniques, Synthetic; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry; D006865:Hydrogenation; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D010618:Phenanthrolines / Q000737:chemistry
D000588:Amines; D000814:Aniline Compounds; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D010618:Phenanthrolines; C023621:4-bromoaniline; C000499:ferric oxide; D006108:Graphite; C023650:aniline