Now you see me, now you don't: the interaction of Salmonella with innate immune receptors.
Salmonella enterica serovars are associated with an estimated 1 million deaths annually and are also useful model organisms for investigating the mechanisms of host-bacterium interactions. The insights gained from studies on non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) serovars have provided a fascinating overview of the mechanisms by which the innate immune system detects and responds to bacterial pathogens. However, specific virulence factors and changes in virulence gene regulation in S. enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi alter the innate immune responses to this pathogen. In this Review, we compare and contrast the interactions of S. Typhi and NTS serovars with host innate immune receptors and discuss why the disease manifestations associated with S. Typhi infection differ considerably from those associated with the closely related NTS serovars.
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA.
A Marijke
AM
Keestra-Gounder
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA.
Renée M
RM
Tsolis
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA.
Andreas J
AJ
Bäumler
D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000276:immunology*; D019779:Salmonella enterica / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D012485:Salmonella typhi / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D014435:Typhoid Fever / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000235:genetics
D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D037521:Virulence Factors