Experimental Infection of the Mayan Cichlid Cichlasoma urophthalmus with the Oomycete Aphanomyces invadans.
This study aimed to determine the susceptibility of the Mayan cichlid Cichlasoma urophthalmus to infection with the fungus Aphanomyces invadans (also known as epizootic ulcerative syndrome [EUS]). A total of 27 C. urophthalmus were exposed to the original A. Invadans 2006/86/EC strain by intramuscularly injecting the fish with 25,000 zoospores/ml or exposing the fish to a suspension of 25,000 zoospores/ml in 6-L aquaria for 30 days. To assess the infectious capacity of A. invadans, 3 golden barbs (Puntius semifasciolatus) were infected intramuscularly with 200,000 zoospores/ml. A second experiment using 100 C. urophthalmus was performed for 60 days with 50 fish in each treatment group. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based diagnostic method was used; muscle and gills were the target tissues. In the first experiment, none of the exposed C. urophthalmus developed skin lesions related to A. invadans infection. However, PCR analysis revealed that infection had occurred. For the intramuscular treatment, there were significant differences between the controls and the muscle samples (Fisher's exact test; P < 0.05) but not between the controls and the gill samples (P > 0.05). All golden barbs became infected, as indicated by PCR, and developed skin lesions typical of A. invadans infection. We concluded that C. urophthalmus was infected with A. invadans but was an asymptomatic carrier because skin lesions did not develop. In the second experiment, all fish were negative, suggesting that the fish had cleared the infection by the end of the experiment.
Laboratorio de Patología Acuática. Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional CINVESTAV, Antigua Carretera a Progreso km 6 C.P. 97310, Mérida Yucatán, México.
Daniel
D
Aguirre-Ayala
Laboratorio de Patología Acuática. Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional CINVESTAV, Antigua Carretera a Progreso km 6 C.P. 97310, Mérida Yucatán, México.
Víctor Manuel
VM
Vidal-Martínez
D000818:Animals; D044744:Aphanomyces / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D023681:Cichlids / Q000469:parasitology*; D003530:Cyprinidae / Q000469:parasitology; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000635:transmission; D005880:Gills / Q000469:parasitology; D007239:Infections / Q000469:parasitology / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary*; D009132:Muscles / Q000469:parasitology; D012883:Skin Ulcer / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary