Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Velocity Time Integral Determination in 570 Healthy Children and in 52 Pediatric Atrial Septal Defect Patients.
Determination of the right ventricular outflow tract velocity time integral (RVOT VTI) is an important part of the noninvasive investigation of pulmonary blood flow in adults; however, age-related pediatric reference data are lacking. We examined growth-related changes of RVOT VTI values in children and the predictive value of RVOT VTI values in identifying enhanced pulmonary blood flow in children with secundum type atrial septal defect (ASD). A prospective study was conducted in a group of 570 healthy children and 52 children with a moderate-sized to large ASD. We determined the effects of age, body length (BL), body weight (BW), and body surface area (BSA) on RVOT VTI values. The predictive value of normal values stratified for age, BW, BL, and BSA was tested in our 52 ASD children. RVOT VTI values ranged from mean 9.7 ± 1.2 cm in neonates to 23.3 ± 2.7 cm in children with 18 years of age and showed a positive correlation with age, BL, BSA, and BW. In our population, RVOT VTI z-scores showed a high specificity for detecting ASD patients (>97 %) with sensitivity up to 71 %. We provide normal ranges and calculated z-scores of pediatric RVOT VTI values. Normal RVOT VTI z-scores might be additional predictors in identifying increased pulmonary blood flow in patients with ASD.
Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 34/2, 8036, Graz, Austria, martin.koestenberger@medunigraz.at.
Martin
M
Koestenberger
Bert
B
Nage
William
W
Ravekes
Alexander
A
Avian
Ante
A
Burmas
Gernot
G
Grangl
Gerhard
G
Cvirn
Andreas
A
Gamillscheg
D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology*; D001827:Body Height / Q000502:physiology; D001830:Body Surface Area; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006344:Heart Septal Defects, Atrial / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors