Ultrastructural studies of IgG4-related kidney disease.
OBJECTIVE
Ultrastructural studies of IgG4-related kidney disease (IgG4-RKD) characterized by tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) are limited in previous reports due to the rarity of the condition. In the present report, we performed ultrastructural examinations and assessed the pathogenesis of this disease.


METHODS
Clinicopathological studies were conducted in eight patients diagnosed with IgG4-RKD. Routine light, immunofluorescence and electron microscopy examinations and immunohistochemical assessments of IgG4 were performed using renal biopsy samples.


RESULTS
Hypocomplementemia, positive anti-nuclear antibodies and eosinophilia were confirmed in more than half of the cases. Electron dense deposits (EDDs) were frequently found in the glomeruli and interstitium. The rate of deposition was 62.5% in both mesangial areas and Bowman's capsule. EDDs were frequently detected on the tubular basement membrane (TBM) (87.5% of patients). The interstitium also contained EDDs on collagen fibers in 87.5% of the cases and on basement membrane-like materials in areas of fibrosis in 37.5% of the cases. The creatinine clearance levels were significantly lower in the patients with the latter pattern. Meanwhile, the rate of immunoglobulin and/or complement deposition on the TBM was observed in less than 37.5% of patients, and these findings were not entirely coincident with the cases of EDDs on the TBM.


CONCLUSIONS
EDDs are frequently found in the glomeruli and interstitium in patients with IgG4-RKD; however, immunohistological studies do not provide evidence that IgG4-RKD involves TIN with immune complex nephropathy. The presence of interstitial EDDs may be related to the progression of interstitial fibrosis in the setting of IgG4-RKD.
Division of Nephrology and Kidney Center, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.
Shinichi
S
Nishi
Naofumi
N
Imai
Kazuhiro
K
Yoshita
Yumi
Y
Ito
Mitsuhiro
M
Ueno
Takako
T
Saeki
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001485:Basement Membrane / Q000473:pathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D004802:Eosinophilia / Q000276:immunology; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000378:metabolism*; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology*; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009395:Nephritis, Interstitial / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D055815:Young Adult
D007074:Immunoglobulin G