Retinal artery lesions and long-term outcome in Chinese patients with acute coronary syndrome.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the relationship between staging of retinal artery lesions and the prognosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in a Chinese population.


METHODS
A total of 436 Chinese patients with ACS underwent coronary angiography and the eyes fundus examinations. All the patients were divided into three groups: group 1, no retinal artery lesions (n=111); group 2, retinal artery lesions of <Stage 2 (Stage 1-a broadening of the light reflex from the artery can be seen, with minimal or no arteriovenous compression; n=135); and group 3, retinal artery lesions of ≥Stage 2 (Stage 2-the changes similar to those in Stage 1, but more prominent, Stage 3-the arteries have a 'copper wire' appearance and this is much more arteriovenous compression, and Stage 4-the arteries have a 'silver wire' appearance and the arteriovenous crossing changes are more severe; n=190). The endpoints were main adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), including all-cause death, myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke after 3-6 years of follow-up.


RESULTS
There was no significant differences of the baseline data among the three groups. After 3-6 years of follow-up, we found that patients of group 3 had more MACCE and death than those of the group 1 or group 2. Cox regression analysis found that factors related to the prognosis of ACS was staging of retinal artery lesions (P<0.05) in addition to traditional risk factors such as age, gender, diabetes, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia.


CONCLUSIONS
Staging of retinal artery lesions plays an important role in the long-term outcome of patients with ACS.
Department of Cardiology, Beijing Mentougou District Hospital, Beijing, China.
J
J
Wang
Department of Cardiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
M
M
Zhao
Department of Cardiology, Beijing Mentougou District Hospital, Beijing, China.
S-J
SJ
Li
Department of Cardiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
D-Z
DZ
Wang
D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology; D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People / Q000208:ethnology; D017115:Catheter Ablation; D002681:China; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality; D009204:Myocardial Revascularization / Q000401:mortality; D011379:Prognosis; D012161:Retinal Artery / Q000473:pathology*; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality