Kinase-mediated orchestration of NADPH oxidase in plant immunity.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important signalling molecules, which participate in multiple physiological processes including immune response, development, cell elongation and hormonal signalling in plants. Plant NADPH oxidase, termed respiratory burst oxidase homologue (RBOH), is frequently studied as a main player for pathogen-responsive ROS burst. Our understanding of the activation mechanism of RBOH after pathogen recognition has increased in recent years. In this review, we focus on kinase-mediated regulatory mechanisms of RBOHs. Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are well known to activate RBOHs by direct phosphorylation. In addition to functions of CDPKs in plants, we also describe the involvement of receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases (RLCKs) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in fine-tuning RBOH activity at the post-translational and transcriptional levels, respectively.
Hiroaki
H
Adachi
Hirofumi
H
Yoshioka
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010944:Plants / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000201:enzymology; D013379:Substrate Specificity
D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D019255:NADPH Oxidases
MAP kinase; NADPH oxidase; calcium-dependent protein kinases; plant immunity; reactive oxygen species