Waterborne norovirus outbreak during a summer excursion in Northern Italy.
In September 2011, an acute gastroenteritis outbreak affected 33 children in Northern Italy. Patients had drunk river water during an excursion. Identical GI.4 norovirus genomes were detected from one patient's stools and from the river water. Improper discharge of human sewage into the river may have caused this waterborne outbreak.
Istituto Superiore di Sanit�, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Rome Italy.
Ilaria
I
Di Bartolo
Enrico
E
Pavoni
Silvia
S
Tofani
Marta
M
Consoli
Elisa
E
Galuppini
Marina Nadia
MN
Losio
Franco Maria
FM
Ruggeri
Giorgio
G
Varisco
D000293:Adolescent; D017250:Caliciviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D002648:Child; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000821:virology*; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D029322:Norovirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010802:Phylogeny; D045483:Rivers / Q000821:virology; D012621:Seasons