Amodiaquine-Ciprofloxacin: a potential combination therapy against drug resistant malaria.
Emergence of malaria parasites resistant to artemisinin necessitates the need for development of new antimalarial therapies. Ciprofloxacin (CFX) a second generation quinolone antibiotic possesses some antimalarial activities. We investigated the in vivo antimalarial activities of CFX in combination with amodiaquine in mice infected with chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium berghei ANKA. Animals were treated orally with 80 or 160 mg kg-1 body weight of CFX alone given twice daily or in combination with amodiaquine (AQ) 10 mg kg-1 body weight. Parasitological activity and survival of the animals were assessed over 21 days. Peak parasitaemia in the untreated control group was 72.51%. Treatment with AQ alone resulted in clearance of parasitaemia by day 4 while treatment with CFX 80 and 160 mg kg-1 alone suppressed parasitaemia by 13.94-54.64% and 35.6-92.7%, respectively. However, the combination of CFX with AQ significantly enhanced response of infection in the animals to treatment (P < 0.05) resulting in complete resolution of parasitaemia throughout follow up period with CFX 160 mg kg-1, delayed recrudescence time with CFX 80 mg kg-1 and significant increase in survival rate of the animals. The results demonstrate beneficial interaction between AQ and CFX which may provide a clinically relevant antimalarial/antibiotic therapeutic option in the management of malaria.
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics,College of Medicine,University of Ibadan,Ibadan,Nigeria.
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Falajiki
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics,College of Medicine,University of Ibadan,Ibadan,Nigeria.
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Akinola
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics,College of Medicine,University of Ibadan,Ibadan,Nigeria.
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Abiodun
Malaria Research Laboratories,Institute for Advanced Medical Research and Training,College of Medicine,University of Ibadan,Ibadan,Nigeria.
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Happi
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics,College of Medicine,University of Ibadan,Ibadan,Nigeria.
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Sowunmi
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics,College of Medicine,University of Ibadan,Ibadan,Nigeria.
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Gbotosho
D000655:Amodiaquine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002738:Chloroquine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004351:Drug Resistance; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D008288:Malaria / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010962:Plasmodium berghei / Q000187:drug effects*
D000962:Antimalarials; D000655:Amodiaquine; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D002738:Chloroquine
drug combinations