Evaluation of antibacterial activity of some traditionally used medicinal plants against human pathogenic bacteria.
The worldwide increase of multidrug resistance in both community- and health-care associated bacterial infections has impaired the current antimicrobial therapy, warranting the search for other alternatives. We aimed to find the in vitro antibacterial activity of ethanolic extracts of 16 different traditionally used medicinal plants of Nepal against 13 clinical and 2 reference bacterial species using microbroth dilution method. The evaluated plants species were found to exert a range of in vitro growth inhibitory action against the tested bacterial species, and Cynodon dactylon was found to exhibit moderate inhibitory action against 13 bacterial species including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, multidrug-resistant Salmonella typhi, and S. typhimurium. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of tested ethanolic extracts were found from 31 to >25,000 μg/mL. Notably, ethanolic extracts of Cinnamomum camphora, Curculigo orchioides, and Curcuma longa exhibited the highest antibacterial activity against S. pyogenes with a MIC of 49, 49, and 195 μg/mL, respectively; whereas chloroform fraction of Cynodon dactylon exhibited best antibacterial activity against S. aureus with a MIC of 31 μg/mL. Among all, C. dactylon, C. camphora, C. orchioides, and C. longa plant extracts displayed a potential antibacterial activity of MIC < 100 μg/mL.
Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal ; Nepal Academy of Science and Technology (NAST), Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal.
Bishnu P
BP
Marasini
Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal ; Department of Pathobiological Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
Pankaj
P
Baral
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
Pratibha
P
Aryal
Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Kashi R
KR
Ghimire
Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Sanjiv
S
Neupane
Patan Hospital, Patan, Lalitpur, Nepal.
Nabaraj
N
Dahal
Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Anjana
A
Singh
Department of Pathobiological Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
Laxman
L
Ghimire
Nepal Academy of Science and Technology (NAST), Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal.
Kanti
K
Shrestha
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000254:growth & development*; D006801:Humans; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts