Vitamin D receptor genetic polymorphisms are associated with PSA level, Gleason score and prostate cancer risk in African-American men.
OBJECTIVE
Several studies have revealed an association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the VDR gene and prostate cancer (PCa) risk in European and Asian populations. To investigate whether VDR SNPs are associated with PCa risk in African-American (AA) men, nine VDR SNPs were analyzed in a case-control study.


METHODS
Multiple and binary logistic regression models were applied to analyze the clinical and genotypic data.


RESULTS
rs731236 and rs7975232 were significantly associated with PCa risk (p<0.05). In the analysis of clinical phenotypes, rs731236, rs1544410 and rs3782905 were strongly associated with high PSA level (p<0.05), whereas rs1544410 and rs2239185 showed a statistically significant association with high Gleason score (p<0.05). Haplotype analysis revealed several VDR haplotypes associated with PCa risk. Additionally, a trend existed, where as the number of risk alleles increased in the haplotype, the greater was the association with risk (p-trend=0.01).


CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that the VDR SNPs may be associated with PCa risk and other clinical phenotypes of PCa in AA men.
Cancer Center, Howard University, Washington, DC, U.S.A.
Emmanuel Y
EY
Jingwi
Department of Microbiology, Howard University, Washington, DC, U.S.A. Department of National Human Genome Center, Howard University, Washington, DC, U.S.A.
Muneer
M
Abbas
Cancer Research Center, Hampton University, Hampton, VA, U.S.A.
Luisel
L
Ricks-Santi
Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, U.S.A.
Danyelle
D
Winchester
Cancer Center, Howard University, Washington, DC, U.S.A. Department of Biochemistry, Howard University, Washington, DC, U.S.A.
Desta
D
Beyene
Cancer Center, Howard University, Washington, DC, U.S.A.
Agnes
A
Day
Department of Pathology, Howard University, Washington, DC, U.S.A.
Tammey J
TJ
Naab
Department of Microbiology, Howard University, Washington, DC, U.S.A.
Olakunle O
OO
Kassim
Department of Microbiology, Howard University, Washington, DC, U.S.A. Department of National Human Genome Center, Howard University, Washington, DC, U.S.A.
Georgia M
GM
Dunston
Department of Pharmacology, Howard University, Washington, DC, U.S.A.
Robert L
RL
Copeland
Cancer Center, Howard University, Washington, DC, U.S.A. Department of Microbiology, Howard University, Washington, DC, U.S.A. ymkanaan@howard.edu.
Yasmine M
YM
Kanaan
D001741:Black or African American / Q000235:genetics*; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol / Q000235:genetics*; D012306:Risk
D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen
African-American; SNP; clinical phenotype; prostate cancer; vitamin D receptor