Efficient mechanochemical complexation of various steroid compounds with α-, β- and γ-cyclodextrin.
Mechanochemical technology enables solvent-free micronized solid dispersions and efficient molecular host-guest inclusion complexes to be formed in matrices which contain cyclodextrins (CDs). This type of complexation has been studied using α-, β- and γ-cyclodextrin with the dual aims of improving overall solubility and enhancing the bioavailability of common steroid compounds, such as cholic acids and β-sitosterols or lowering cholesterol content in products of animal origin. Several parameters have been studied and optimized: CD/compound molar ratio (1:1, 1:2, 2:1 and 3:1) in function of the cavity sizes of the three different CDs, milling time (from 5 to 40 min) and rotation speed (from 100 to 300 rpm). DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) analyses have revealed that inclusion complexes were efficiently formed after 40 min milling (200 rpm) for β-CD/cholesterol and β-CD/ugrsodeoxycholic acid (encapsulation efficiency 96% and 77% respectively). Besides steroid encapsulation/vehiculation, the mechanochemical technique may pave the way for new ideas in solventless steroid extraction from vegetal matrices with CDs.
Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Molecolari e Scienze per la Salute, University of Turin, via Quarello 15, 10135 Turin, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco and NIS - Centre for Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria, 9, 10125 Turin, Italy.
Laura
L
Rinaldi
Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco and NIS - Centre for Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria, 9, 10125 Turin, Italy.
Arianna
A
Binello
Institute for Technical Chemistry and Environmental Chemistry (ITUC), Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Lessingstr. 12, 07743 Jena, Germany.
Achim
A
Stolle
Dipartimento di, University of Perugia, Via del liceo 1, I-06123 Perugia, Italy.
Massimo
M
Curini
Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco and NIS - Centre for Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria, 9, 10125 Turin, Italy.
Giancarlo
G
Cravotto
D002784:Cholesterol / Q000737:chemistry*; D003505:Cyclodextrins / Q000737:chemistry*; D014580:Ursodeoxycholic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*
D003505:Cyclodextrins; D014580:Ursodeoxycholic Acid; D002784:Cholesterol
Bile acids; Cholesterol; Cyclodextrins; Inclusion complexes; Planetary ball mill; β-Sitosterol