Association Between Smoking and p53 Mutation in Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Meta-analysis.
OBJECTIVE
Several studies have evaluated the association between smoking and p53 mutation in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), but the conclusions are inconsistent. The aim of the present study was to carry out a meta-analysis evaluating the relationship between smoking and p53 mutation in patients with ESCC.


METHODS
Eligible studies were identified through searches in PubMed and EMBASE. The odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was used to assess the association. In total, 20 studies were identified that met the selection criteria; these studies were analysed using STATA 12.0 software.


RESULTS
The 20 studies identified comprised 1524 ESCC patients, of whom 72.97% were smokers and 27.03% were non-smokers. The pooled odds ratio of p53 mutation in ESCC for any cigarette smoking versus no smoking was 1.28 (95% confidence interval=0.88-1.88). The estimated odds ratios were 1.06 (95% confidence interval=0.56-2.00, based on five studies, 129 light smokers and 70 non-smokers) for light smoking and 2.01 (95% confidence interval=1.12-3.60, based on five studies, 223 heavy smokers and 73 non-smokers) for heavy smoking.


CONCLUSIONS
The results of our meta-analysis indicate an overall positive relationship between heavy smoking and p53 mutation in ESCC. Heavy smokers with ESCC have a higher risk for p53 mutation than non-smokers. Large-scale clinical studies are still needed to draw a more precise conclusion.
Oncology Center, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
X C
XC
Wu
Oncology Center, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China. Electronic address: 18665000236@163.com.
Y F
YF
Zheng
Oncology Center, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
M
M
Tang
Oncology Center, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
X F
XF
Li
Oncology Center, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
R
R
Zeng
Oncology Center, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
J R
JR
Zhang
D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000209:etiology*; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000235:genetics*; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics*
C495901:TP53 protein, human; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
Carcinoma; meta-analysis; oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma; p53 mutation; risk factor; smoking