H2 genotypes of G4P[6], G5P[7], and G9[23] porcine rotaviruses show super-short RNA electropherotypes.
During group A rotavirus (RVA) surveillance of pig farms in Japan, we detected three RVA strains (G4P[6], G5P[7], and G9P[23] genotypes), which showed super-short RNA patterns by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, in samples from a healthy eight-day-old pig and two pigs of seven and eight days old with diarrhea from three farms. Reverse transcription PCR and sequencing revealed that the full-length NSP5 gene of these strains contained 952 or 945 nucleotides, which is consistent with their super-short electropherotypes. Due to a lack of whole genome data on Japanese porcine RVAs, we performed whole genomic analyses of the three strains. The genomic segments of these RVA strains showed typical porcine RVA constellations, except for H2 NSP5 genotype, (G4,5,9-P[6,7,23]-I5-R1-C1-M1-A8-N1-T1-E1-H2 representing VP7-VP4-VP6-VP1-VP2-VP3-NSP1-NSP2-NSP3-NSP4-NSP5 genes). In phylogenetic analyses, these porcine RVA strains clustered with porcine and porcine-like human RVA strains and showed a typical porcine RVA backbone, except for the NSP5 gene; however, intra-genotype reassortment events among porcine and porcine-like human RVA strains were observed. The NSP5 gene segments of these strains were clustered within the H2b genotype with super-short human RVA strains. The H2 genotype has to date only been identified in human and lapine RVA strains. Thus, to our knowledge, this report presents the first case of H2 NSP5 genotype showing a super-short RNA pattern in porcine RVA. These data suggest the possibility of interspecies transmission between pigs and humans and imply that super-short porcine RVA strains possessing H2 genotype are circulating among both asymptomatic and diarrheic porcine populations in Japan.
Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animal, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; Department of Veterinary Medicine Faculty and Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan. Electronic address: m-nagai@cc.tuat.ac.jp.
Makoto
M
Nagai
Department of Veterinary Medicine Faculty and Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
Saya
S
Shimada
Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1 Gakuen, Musashi-murayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan.
Yoshiki
Y
Fujii
Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
Hiromitsu
H
Moriyama
Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animal, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
Mami
M
Oba
Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animal, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
Yukie
Y
Katayama
Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animal, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
Shinobu
S
Tsuchiaka
Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animal, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
Sachiko
S
Okazaki
Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animal, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
Tsutomu
T
Omatsu
Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animal, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; Department of Veterinary Medicine Faculty and Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
Tetsuya
T
Furuya
Department of Veterinary Medicine Faculty and Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
Satoshi
S
Koyama
Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animal, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; Department of Veterinary Medicine Faculty and Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
Junsuke
J
Shirai
Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1 Gakuen, Musashi-murayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan.
Kazuhiko
K
Katayama
Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animal, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
Tetsuya
T
Mizutani
D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000662:veterinary; D016679:Genome, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D023281:Genomics; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000662:veterinary; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*
D018076:DNA, Complementary; D012367:RNA, Viral
H2 genotype; Interspecies transmission; Japan; Pig; Rotavirus; Super-short electropherotype