Ultra-pure soft water ameliorates atopic skin disease by preventing metallic soap deposition in NC/Tnd mice and reduces skin dryness in humans.
Mineral ions in tap water react with fatty acids in soap, leading to the formation of insoluble precipitate (metallic soap) on skin during washing. We hypothesised that metallic soap might negatively alter skin conditions. Application of metallic soap onto the skin of NC/Tnd mice with allergic dermatitis further induced inflammation with elevation of plasma immunoglobulin E and proinflammatory cytokine expression. Pruritus and dryness were ameliorated when the back of mice was washed with soap in Ca2+- and Mg2+-free ultra-pure soft water (UPSW). Washing in UPSW, but not tap water, also protected the skin of healthy volunteers from the soap deposition. Furthermore, 4 weeks of showering with UPSW reduced dryness and pruritus of human subjects with dry skin. Washing with UPSW may be therapeutically beneficial in patients with skin troubles.
Comparative Animal Medicine and Veterinary Molecular Pathology and Therapeutics, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 183-8509 Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan. akane@cc.tuat.ac.jp.
Akane
A
Tanaka
Akira
A
Matsuda
Kyungsook
K
Jung
Hyosun
H
Jang
Ginnae
G
Ahn
Saori
S
Ishizaka
Yosuke
Y
Amagai
Kumiko
K
Oida
Peter D
PD
Arkwright
Hiroshi
H
Matsuda
D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001494:Baths; D011232:Chemical Precipitation; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008875:Middle Aged; D008903:Minerals / Q000737:chemistry*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011537:Pruritus / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012867:Skin / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D012915:Soaps; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D014880:Water Softening
D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D008903:Minerals; D012915:Soaps; D014867:Water; D007073:Immunoglobulin E