Domestic violence during pregnancy: Midwives׳ experiences.
OBJECTIVE
the aim of this qualitative study was to explore midwives׳ knowledge and clinical experience of domestic violence among pregnant women, with particular emphasis on their perceptions of their professional role.


METHODS
the data collected for this phenomenological-hermeneutical qualitative study were collected using semi-structured interviews, and analysed according to Denzin and Lincoln (2011).


METHODS
fifteen hospital and community midwives working in the local health district of Monza and Brianza in northern Italy were recruited between July and October 2012.


RESULTS
three main themes emerged: 'it is difficult to recognise domestic violence' because of a limited knowledge of the most common signs and symptoms of violence, a lack of training, cultural taboos, and the women׳s unwillingness to disclose abuse; 'we have a certain number of means of identifying violence', such as relationships with the woman, specific professional training and screening tools, which have advantages and disadvantages; 'the professionals involved' in identifying and managing family violence highlight the importance of a interdisciplinary approach.


CONCLUSIONS
midwives acknowledge their crucial role in identifying and managing domestic violence but are still unprepared to do so and indicate various barriers that need to be overcome. There is a need to implement basic university education on the subject and provide specific professional training.
John Radcliffe Hospital, OUH, Headley Way, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK. Electronic address: elimarta@hotmail.it.
Elisa Marta
EM
Mauri
Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza (MB), Italy. Electronic address: antonella.nespoli@unimib.it.
Antonella
A
Nespoli
Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza (MB), Italy. Electronic address: giuseppina.persico@unimib.it.
Giuseppina
G
Persico
Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza (MB), Italy. Electronic address: virna.zobbi@unimib.it.
Virna Franca
VF
Zobbi
D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D017579:Domestic Violence; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D008016:Life Change Events; D008880:Midwifery; D009723:Nurse-Patient Relations; D011247:Pregnancy; D037841:Pregnant People; D036301:Qualitative Research; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
Domestic violence; Intimate partner violence; Midwives; Pregnancy; Universal screening