[The management of complicated parapneumonic effusions in France].
BACKGROUND
There are no French guidelines for the management of complicated parapneumonic effusions. A national observational study was carried out to assess the main features of current clinical practice for this condition.


METHODS
A questionnaire was sent by email to the 1500 members of the Société de Pneumologie de Langue Française (SPLF) between 15th November and 15th December 2012.


RESULTS
There were 92 responders, i.e. a response rate of 6%. Of these, 87 physicians mentioned that they were involved in the management of patients with complicated parapneumonic effusions with a median number of cases of 10 per year (IQR: 5-20). Chest tube drainage was the main approach used for pleural fluid aspiration (n=51/87), followed by repeated thoracentesis (n=29/87) and early surgery (1/87). Five physicians answered both chest tube drainage or repeated thoracentesis and one physician either chest tube drainage or early surgery. Pleural fibrinolytics were never used by 20% of physicians, only in case of loculations by 70% and by 10% of respondents in all cases. Only 3 physicians combined fibrinolytics with DNAse. A double antibiotic dose was used by one third of physicians. All the physicians used respiratory physiotherapy during hospitalization and to aid recovery. Follow-up practices were heterogeneous.


CONCLUSIONS
The management of complicated parapneumonic effusions varies significantly in France. National guidelines may be helpful to define best practice and aid in its implementation.
Service de pneumologie, université de Rennes 1, hôpital Pontchaillou, 2, rue Henri-Le-Guilloux, 35033 Rennes cedex, France. Electronic address: francoisbenezit@wanadoo.fr.
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Bénézit
Service de pneumologie, université de Rennes 1, hôpital Pontchaillou, 2, rue Henri-Le-Guilloux, 35033 Rennes cedex, France.
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Letheulle
Service de pneumologie, université de Rennes 1, hôpital Pontchaillou, 2, rue Henri-Le-Guilloux, 35033 Rennes cedex, France.
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Kerjouan
Service de pneumologie, université de Rennes 1, hôpital Pontchaillou, 2, rue Henri-Le-Guilloux, 35033 Rennes cedex, France.
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Desrues
Service de pneumologie, université de Rennes 1, hôpital Pontchaillou, 2, rue Henri-Le-Guilloux, 35033 Rennes cedex, France; IRSET UMR 1085, université de Rennes 1, 35000 Rennes, France.
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Jouneau
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003266:Continuity of Patient Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004322:Drainage / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D010996:Pleural Effusion / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D000069258:Thoracentesis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
Chest tube drainage; Complicated parapneumonic effusion; Drainage thoracique; Fibrinolytics; Fibrinolytiques; Pleural empyema; Pleurésie purulente; Ponctions pleurales répétées; Repeated thoracentesis; Épanchement parapneumonique compliqué