Efficacy of a novel prebiotic and a commercial probiotic in reducing mortality and production losses due to cold stress and Escherichia coli challenge of broiler chicks 1.
Prebiotics consisting of resistant starch may alter intestinal ecology, thus modulating inflammation and increasing intestinal health through increased cecal production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). Probiotics may directly alter the intestinal microbiome, resulting in the same effects. We hypothesize that adding prebiotics and probiotics to feed may protect the gut of young chicks under stress. Studies 1, 2, and 3 evaluated treatments in a cold stress (CS) and Escherichia coli (EC) oral challenge to 430 day-old broiler chicks for 3 wk. In study 1, prebiotics were administered as 15% of the diet during the first week only and consisted of the following: Hi-Maize resistant starch (HM), potato starch (PS), or raw potato (RP). In studies 2 and 3, the PS treatment was identical to study 1, and an additional probiotic treatment (PRO) was administered in feed and water. In study 1, PS protected BW during the first week and decreased the mortality of CS/EC-challenged birds during the first week and wk 3, while RP decreased the mortality of warm-brooded birds challenged with EC during the first week. In study 2, PS decreased and PRO increased the main effect mean (MEM) of the first week BW. PS and PRO numerically decreased the feed conversion ratio (FCR) by 23 and 29 points, respectively, in CS/EC-challenged birds with no effects on mortality. In study 3, PS decreased and PRO increased the first week and wk 3 MEM BW. PS numerically increased FCR by 16 points, while PRO decreased FCR by 2 points. Both PS and PRO tended to increase overall mortality, and PRO significantly increased mortality in the CS/EC challenge. These results suggest that the effects of PS may be too variable in this challenge model for further study; however, the PRO treatment improved production values and may have potential as an alternative to antibiotics during the first weeks after hatch.
USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Poultry Production and Product Safety Research Unit, Fayetteville, AR 72701 grhuff@uark.edu.
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Huff
USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Poultry Production and Product Safety Research Unit, Fayetteville, AR 72701.
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Huff
USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Poultry Production and Product Safety Research Unit, Fayetteville, AR 72701.
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Rath
Department of Animal Hygiene, Mansoura University, Elgomhouria St. Mansoura City 35516, Egypt.
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El-Gohary
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, 160 Xueyuan Road Rongchang County, Chongqing, 402460, China.
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Zhou
School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.
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Shini
D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens / Q000502:physiology*; D003080:Cold Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D056692:Prebiotics; D019936:Probiotics; D011198:Solanum tuberosum / Q000737:chemistry; D013213:Starch / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D013997:Time Factors; D015430:Weight Gain
D056692:Prebiotics; D013213:Starch
Escherichia coli; brooding; cold stress; prebiotic; probiotic