Elemental characterization of single-wall carbon nanotube certified reference material by neutron and prompt γ activation analysis.
Instrumental neutron activation analysis with both relative and k0 standardization was used in four experienced laboratories to determine element mass fractions in single-wall carbon nanotube certified reference material (CRM) SWCNT-1. Results obtained were evaluated using the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) "Type B On Bias" approach and yielded consensus values in agreement with National Research Council Canada (NRCC) certified values for Fe, Co, Ni, and Mo and provided mass fraction values for 13 additional elements, namely, Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Br, La, W, and Au. In addition, prompt γ neutron activation analysis was employed to determine mass fractions of H, B, Co, Ni, and Mo. Results of this work provide a basis for the establishment of reference values of element mass fractions in CRM SWCNT-1, thus expanding its usability for more accurate characterization and benchmarking of similar nanotechnology materials.
†Nuclear Physics Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Husinec-Řež 130, CZ-250 58, Czech Republic.
Jan
J
Kučera
‡Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, New South Wales 2234, Australia.
John W
JW
Bennett
§National Institute of Standards and Technology, Chemical Sciences Division, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States.
Rabia
R
Oflaz
§National Institute of Standards and Technology, Chemical Sciences Division, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States.
Rick L
RL
Paul
∥Nuclear Energy Center for Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Avenida Centenário 303, 13416-000 Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
Elisabete A
EA
De Nadai Fernandes
†Nuclear Physics Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Husinec-Řež 130, CZ-250 58, Czech Republic.
Marie
M
Kubešová
∥Nuclear Energy Center for Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Avenida Centenário 303, 13416-000 Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
Marcio A
MA
Bacchi
‡Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, New South Wales 2234, Australia.
Attila J
AJ
Stopic
⊥National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada.
Ralph E
RE
Sturgeon
⊥National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada.
Patricia
P
Grinberg