Morphological alterations in the freshwater rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus Pallas 1766 (Rotifera: Monogononta) caused by vinclozolin chronic exposure.
Vinclozolin (VZ) is a dicarboximide fungicide widely used on fruits, vegetables and wines, effective against fungi plagues. In this study we characterized the effects of VZ using a 4-day reproductive chronic assay with the freshwater rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus. The assay included observations of several features of asexual and sexual reproduction. Our results indicate that VZ: (a) increased asexual and sexual reproduction, (b) caused severe abnormality in females and (c) these abnormalities were inherited by sexual and asexual reproduction. At 1.2 mg/L three abnormal females were found out of 457 total females (0.66 %). This low percentage is consistent and reproducible according to further analysis, where we increased the number of replicates and total females exposed to 1.2 mg/L of VZ, and found 18 abnormal females out of 2868 total females (0.63 % abnormality). Interestingly, abnormal females found at 5.6 mg/L VZ exposure, were able to show mating behavior. Our results suggest that VZ behaves as a strong endocrine disruptor whose effects show the characteristic inverted-U-shape exposure concentration response curve regarding the intrinsic population increase and the percentage of abnormalities as endpoints.
Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Avenida Universidad 940, CP 20131, Aguascalientes, AGS, Mexico, jesus.alvarado@cicy.mx.
Jesús
J
Alvarado-Flores
Roberto
R
Rico-Martínez
Araceli
A
Adabache-Ortíz
Marcelo
M
Silva-Briano
D000818:Animals; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000633:toxicity; D008297:Male; D033401:Microscopy, Acoustic; D010080:Oxazoles / Q000633:toxicity*; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects; D012100:Reproduction, Asexual / Q000187:drug effects; D012403:Rotifera / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D010080:Oxazoles; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C025643:vinclozolin