Collectivism/individualism and its relationship to behavioral and physiological immunity.
The interaction between the behavioral and physiological immune systems provides fertile ground for research. Here, we examine the interactions between fear of disease, collectivism/individualism, disgust, visual perception and salivary IgA. First, we parsed collectivism/individualism into ancestry and psychological processes and examined their relationships to fear of disease. Both ancestral and psychological collectivists scored higher on a test of hypochondria than individualists. Additionally, in two studies we exposed participants to slides of diseased, injured or healthy individuals. Diseased and injured stimuli were rated as equally disgusting, while diseased stimuli were rated as more disgusting than healthy stimuli. We measured salivary IgA in participants before and after they viewed the stimuli. Participants provided information on their ancestral collectivism or individualism. Salivary IgA levels increased after participants viewed images of diseased or injured individuals. Participants with collectivist ancestry tended to react to the diseased and injured images with an increase in IgA, while levels of IgA remained the same or decreased in individualists in one study but we failed to replicate the effect in the second study. An increased salivary IgA response to potentially diseased individuals is adaptive, because salivary IgA plays an important role in protecting individuals from contracting an infection. The response may be related to increased preoccupation with disease states.
Department of Psychology, University of Hawaii at Hilo , 200 W Kawili St., Hilo , HI 96720-4091 , USA.
Susan G
SG
Brown
Department of Psychology, University of Hawaii at Hilo , 200 W Kawili St., Hilo , HI 96720-4091 , USA.
Ryan K M
RK
Ikeuchi
Department of Psychology, University of Hawaii at Hilo , 200 W Kawili St., Hilo , HI 96720-4091 , USA.
Daniel Reed
DR
Lucas
collectivism; hypochondria; individualism; perceived vulnerability to disease; salivary IgA