Each cell counts: Hematopoiesis and immunity research in the era of single cell genomics.
Hematopoiesis and immunity are mediated through complex interactions between multiple cell types and states. This complexity is currently addressed following a reductionist approach of characterizing cell types by a small number of cell surface molecular features and gross functions. While the introduction of global transcriptional profiling technologies enabled a more comprehensive view, heterogeneity within sampled populations remained unaddressed, obscuring the true picture of hematopoiesis and immune system function. A critical mass of technological advances in molecular biology and genomics has enabled genome-wide measurements of single cells - the fundamental unit of immunity. These new advances are expected to boost detection of less frequent cell types and fuzzy intermediate cell states, greatly expanding the resolution of current available classifications. This new era of single-cell genomics in immunology research holds great promise for further understanding of the mechanisms and circuits regulating hematopoiesis and immunity in both health and disease. In the near future, the accuracy of single-cell genomics will ultimately enable precise diagnostics and treatment of multiple hematopoietic and immune related diseases.
Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
Diego Adhemar
DA
Jaitin
Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
Hadas
H
Keren-Shaul
Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Department of Family Medicine, Clalit Health Services, Jerusalem, Israel; The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
Naama
N
Elefant
Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel. Electronic address: ido.amit@weizmann.ac.il.
Ido
I
Amit
D006410:Hematopoiesis; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D006801:Humans; D007109:Immunity; D057285:Precision Medicine; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA; D059010:Single-Cell Analysis
Hematopoiesis; Immunity; Personalized medicine; Single-cell genomics; Single-cell transcriptomics; Transcriptional profiling