Efficacy of biofeedback plus transanal stimulation in the management of pelvic floor dyssynergia: a randomized trial.
BACKGROUND
The therapy of pelvic floor dyssynergia is mostly conservative and is based on a high-fiber diet, physical activity and biofeedback training. Our aim was to compare the outcome of biofeedback (manometric-assisted pelvic relaxation and simulated defecation training) plus transanal electrostimulation with standard therapy (diet, exercise, laxatives).


METHODS
Clinical, physiologic and quality of life [patient assessment of constipation quality of life (PAC-QOL)] measures, anorectal manometry and balloon expulsion test results were collected prospectively at baseline, at the end of the treatment and 6 months after treatment. Primary outcome was the modification of the Wexner score for defecation (WS) and the obstructed defecation score (ODS). Secondary outcomes were the modifications of anorectal manometry pattern and quality of life after treatment.


RESULTS
The mean WS and ODS decreased significantly in the EMG biofeedback group: The WS decreased from 16.7 ± 4 to 10 ± 3.5 p < 0.0102, and the ODS decreased from 18.3 ± 5.5 to 5.7 ± 1.8, p < 0.0001. Besides, WS and ODS did not change significantly in the control group. The PAC-QOL score improved significantly from 61 ± 8.6 to 23 ± 4.8 (p < 0.0001) in the EMG biofeedback group; otherwise, the PAC-QOL score did not change significantly in the control group.


CONCLUSIONS
Biofeedback therapy plus transanal electrostimulation provided sustained improvement in bowel symptoms and anorectal function in constipated subjects with dyssynergic defecation, whereas standard therapy was largely ineffective.
Department of Surgery, San Francesco Hospital, Nuoro, Italy.
F
F
Cadeddu
F
F
Salis
E
E
De Luca
I
I
Ciangola
G
G
Milito
D000328:Adult; D001003:Anal Canal / Q000503:physiopathology; D001259:Ataxia / Q000628:therapy*; D001676:Biofeedback, Psychology / Q000379:methods*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003248:Constipation / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D003672:Defecation / Q000502:physiology; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D059952:Pelvic Floor Disorders / Q000628:therapy*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life; D012007:Rectum / Q000503:physiopathology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome