Effect of increased vacuum and aspiration rates on phacoemulsification efficiency.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effect of vacuum and aspiration rates on phacoemulsification efficiency.


METHODS
John A. Moran Eye Center Laboratories, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.


METHODS
Experimental study.


METHODS
Formalin-soaked porcine lenses were divided into 2.0 mm cubes, and 0.9 mm 30-degree beveled 20-degree bent tips were used with micropulse ultrasound (US) (6 milliseconds on and 6 milliseconds off) and a peristaltic flow system. Vacuum levels were tested at 200, 300, 400, and 500 mm Hg, and aspiration rates were tested at 20, 35, and 50 mL/min. Efficiency (time to lens removal) and chatter (number of lens fragment repulsions from the tip) were determined.


RESULTS
Increasing vacuum increased efficiency only when going from 200 mm Hg to higher vacuum levels. Increasing aspiration increased efficiency at all points measured (25 mL/min versus 35 mL/min, P < .0001; 35 mL/min versus 50 mL/min, P = .012; 25 mL/min versus 50 mL/min, P < .0001). Chatter was highest at 200 mm Hg and decreased when vacuum was increased from 200 mm Hg to 300 mm Hg and up. Chatter decreased with increasing flow.


CONCLUSIONS
Vacuum improved efficiency only up to 300 mm Hg and was more dependent on increasing flow. Similarly, chatter correlated with 200 mm Hg vacuum only and was more correlated with flow. Limitations of this study include use of only 1 US power modulation and hard nuclear material.


BACKGROUND
No author has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.
From the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Isha
I
Gupta
From the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Judd M
JM
Cahoon
From the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Gareth
G
Gardiner
From the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Kevin
K
Garff
From the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Bradley S
BS
Henriksen
From the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Jeff H
JH
Pettey
From the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
William R
WR
Barlow
From the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA. Electronic address: randallj.olson@hsc.utah.edu.
Randall J
RJ
Olson
D000818:Animals; D019220:High-Energy Shock Waves; D061646:Operative Time; D018918:Phacoemulsification / Q000379:methods*; D011312:Pressure; D013396:Suction; D013552:Swine; D014618:Vacuum