iTRAQ proteomic analysis of N-acetylmuramic acid mediated anti-inflammatory capacity in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells.
Lactobacillus acidophilus probiotic bacteria have lasting beneficial health effects in the gastrointestinal tract, including protecting against pathogens, improving immunomodulation, and producing beneficial bacteria-derived molecules. In lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced RAW 264.7 cells treated with peptidoglycan or N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM) from L. acidophilus, 390 differentially expressed proteins (8.76%) were identified by iTRAQ analysis, 257 (5.77%) of which were upregulated and 133 (2.99%) were downregulated under LPS-induced conditions. Most of these proteins were grouped into the following inflammation-related cellular signaling: lysosome pathway, calcium signaling pathway, and Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway. Among them, clathrin, SERCA, and interleukin 1 receptor antagonist were differentially expressed to a significant degree in peptidoglycan or NAM pretreated RAW 264.7 cells. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that NAM may mediate an anti-inflammatory process via a Ca(2+) -dependent NF-κB pathway. These observations reveal new insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in the suppression of LPS-induced macrophage inflammation by L. acidophilus.
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, P. R. China.
Zhen
Z
Wu
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, P. R. China.|Department of Food Science and Technology, Marine Science School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, P. R. China.
Daodong
D
Pan
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, P. R. China.
Yuxing
Y
Guo
Department of Food Science and Technology, Marine Science School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, P. R. China.
Xiaoqun
X
Zeng
Department of Food Science and Technology, Marine Science School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, P. R. China.
Yangying
Y
Sun
D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009112:Muramic Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D000067996:RAW 264.7 Cells; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D009112:Muramic Acids; C513672:Zfp42 protein, mouse; D014157:Transcription Factors; C031651:N-acetylmuramic acid
Anti-inflammatory capacity; Calcium signaling; Cell biology; N-acetylmuramic acid; NF-κB pathway; iTRAQ