Plasma kinetics, excretion in milk of eprinomectin, and its efficacy against Hypoderma spp. following topical administration in yaks.
The plasma pharmacokinetics and mammary excretion of eprinomectin were determined in dairy yaks following topical administration at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg. The kinetics of plasma and milk concentrations were analyzed using a noncompartmental model. Plasma and milk concentrations of eprinomectin increased to reach maximal concentrations of 5.45 ± 2.84 and 2.29 ± 0.90 ng/mL at a Tmax of 1.79 ± 0.57 and 2.00 ± 0.82 days, respectively. The concentration of eprinomectin in plasma was remained >0.5 ng/mL for more than 30 days after administration. The mean residence times of eprinomectin in plasma and milk were 14.73 ± 6.22 and 9.37 ± 2.81 days, respectively. The AUC value in plasma (55.89 ± 18.16 ng day/mL) was threefold greater than that in milk (18.02 ± 6.48 ng day/mL). The AUC milk/plasma ratio was 0.33 ± 0.08. The systemic availability of eprinomectin in yaks was lower than that observed value in other domestic bovines. The low level of eprinomectin excretion in milk suggests that eprinomectin can be used in yaks with zero milk-withdrawal time. The efficacy of eprinomectin against naturally acquired larvae of Hypoderma spp. was also determined in yaks. Topically administrated eprinomectin at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg was 100% efficacious against larvae of Hypoderma bovis, H. lineatum, and H. sinense.
National Animal Protozoa Laboratory & College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
T
T
Yu
National Animal Protozoa Laboratory & College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
Y L
YL
Shi
Laboratory of Plateau Veterinary Parasitology, Veterinary Research Institute, Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Xining, China.
J Z
JZ
Cai
Laboratory of Plateau Veterinary Parasitology, Veterinary Research Institute, Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Xining, China.
C H
CH
Li
Laboratory of Plateau Veterinary Parasitology, Veterinary Research Institute, Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Xining, China.
M T
MT
Lei
National Animal Protozoa Laboratory & College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
B L
BL
Pan
Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture & College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
M
M
Wang
D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000469:parasitology*; D004175:Diptera; D005260:Female; D007306:Insecticides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D007559:Ivermectin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D007814:Larva; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*
D007306:Insecticides; D007559:Ivermectin; C101434:eprinomectin