Short Communication: Low Expression of Activation and Inhibitory Molecules on NK Cells and CD4(+) T Cells Is Associated with Viral Control.
Chronic HIV-1 infection induces severe immune alterations, including hyperactivation, exhaustion, and apoptosis. In fact, viral control has been associated with low frequencies of these processes. Here, we evaluated the expression of activation and inhibitory molecules on natural killer (NK) and CD4(+) T cells and plasma levels of proinflammatory cytokines in individuals exhibiting viral control: a cohort of HIV-1-exposed-seronegative individuals (HESN) and a cohort of HIV controllers. There was lower expression of CD69, LAG-3, PD-1, and TIM-3 in both cohorts when compared to a low-risk population or HIV progressors. In addition, HIV controllers exhibited lower plasma levels of proinflamatory molecules TNF-α and IP-10. These findings suggest that individuals exhibiting viral control have lower basal expression of markers associated with cellular activation and particularly immune exhaustion.
1Grupo Inmunovirología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia.
Natalia A
NA
Taborda
2Infettare, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia.
Juan C
JC
Hernández
3Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Julie
J
Lajoie
3Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Jennifer A
JA
Juno
3Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.|4Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
Joshua
J
Kimani
1Grupo Inmunovirología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia.
María T
MT
Rugeles
3Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.|4Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
Keith R
KR
Fowke
D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D055815:Young Adult
D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines