Finite element analysis of stress distributions in mono- and bi-cortical dental implants.
The finite element analysis (FEA) of the stress distribution in the mono- and bicortically fixed implants subjected to 3-axial loading was performed and verified experimentally on a model mandible to evaluate the benefits of each type of fixation from the viewpoint of the compressive stress reduction in the cortical part of atrophied mandible. The analysis revealed that the highest compressive stresses in the cortical bone are generated at the edge of the cortical bone where the highest torque from the implant is acting. The most effective way to reduce the maximum level of compressive stresses in the cortical bone and in the implant is the recession of the implant thread slightly below the surface of the cortical bone. Shortening of the intraosseal length of the implant and/or thinning of the upper cortical bone result in a substantial increase of the maximum compressive stresses. The comparison of FEA and model experiments suggests that bicortical fixation is the most efficient in the fresh implants and the advantage of bicortical fixation compared to monocortical fixation decreases with time due to osteointegration, possibly as a result of gradual suppression of sliding between the bone and implant during loading.
Institute of Materials Research of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 47, 04001 Košice, Slovak Republic; Faculty of Materials Science and Technology in Trnava, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, 916 24 Trnava, Slovak Republic.
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Lofaj
Stonek, s.r.o., Krivá 23, 040 01 Košice, Slovak Republic.
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Kučera
Institute of Materials Research of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 47, 04001 Košice, Slovak Republic. Electronic address: dusan.nemeth23@gmail.com.
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Németh
Institute of Materials Research of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 47, 04001 Košice, Slovak Republic.
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Kvetková
D000368:Aged; D015921:Dental Implants; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D005260:Female; D020342:Finite Element Analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016474:Weight-Bearing
D015921:Dental Implants
Bicortical fixation; Cortical bone; Dental implants; FEA stress distribution; Monocortical fixation