A novel way to monitor urine concentration: fluorescent concentration matrices.
BACKGROUND
The amount of water found in urine is important diagnostic information; nevertheless it is not yet directly determined. Indirectly, the water content in urine is expressed by its density (specific gravity). However, without the diuresis value it is not possible to determine whether the increase in density of urine is due to a decrease in water secretion or an increase in the concentration of secreted substances. This problem can be solved by the use of fluorescent concentration 3D-matrices which characterise urine concentration through the pφ (or -logφ) value of the first fluorescence centre.


METHODS
The urine fluorescent concentration 3D-matrix was created by the alignment of the synchronous spectra of the dilution series of urine starting from undiluted (pφ = 0) to 1000-fold diluted urine (pφ = 3).


RESULTS
Using the fluorescence concentration 3D-matrix analysis of the urine samples from healthy individuals, a reference range was established for the value pφ, determining the normal, concentrated or diluted type of urine. The diagnostic potential of this approach was tested on urine samples from two patients with a chronic glomerulonephritis.


CONCLUSIONS
The pφ value of the urine fluorescence concentration 3D-matrix analysis determines whether the urine sample falls within the normal, concentrated or diluted type of urine. This parameter can be directly utilised in sportsmen's hydration state monitoring, as well as in the diagnosis and treatment of serious diseases. An important advantage of this novel diagnostic approach is that a 12/24 h urine collection is not required, which predetermines it for use especially within paediatrics.
SEMBID, Spolocnost s Rucenim Obmedzenym, Limited Liability Company, Research Center of Applied Biomedical Diagnostics , Kosice, Slovak Republic, Slovakia .
Katarina
K
Dubayova
SEMBID, Spolocnost s Rucenim Obmedzenym, Limited Liability Company , Research Center of Applied Biomedical Diagnostics, Kosice, Slovak Republic, Slovakia .
Iveta
I
Luckova
Faculty, Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice , Slovak Republic, Slovakia .
Jan
J
Sabo
SEMBID, Spolocnost s Rucenim Obmedzenym, Limited Liability Company, Research Center of Applied Biomedical Diagnostics , Kosice, Slovak Republic, Slovakia .
Anton
A
Karabinos
Diuresis; Fluorophore; Specific gravity; Synchronous spectra