Direct immunofluorescence for immunobullous and other skin diseases.
A swift glance at ample evidence currently available about the assay clearly illustrates that the development of direct immunofluorescence (DIF), in which direct fluorescent antibodies are utilized to identify the target antigen, has been of immense importance. The immunoreactant deposits have been delineated by the DIF assay in three main locations, including throughout the epidermis, at the dermoepidermal junction (also known as the basement membrane zone) and in and/or around blood vessel walls. DIF testing can be conducted on several specimen sources, which are categorized according to feasibility of collection into invasive (e.g., skin) and non-invasive (e.g., hair). This review was intended to indicate that inspection of immunoreactant deposits via DIF is highly instrumental in diagnosing and monitoring the immunobullous and other diseases of the skin.
Department of Pathology, Razi Skin Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Alireza
A
Ghanadan
Amene
A
Saghazadeh
Maryam
M
Daneshpazhooh
Nima
N
Rezaei
D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000378:metabolism*; D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D000941:Antigens / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D001485:Basement Membrane / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D004817:Epidermis / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D019085:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology
D000906:Antibodies; D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex; D000941:Antigens
autoimmune diseases; direct immunofluorescence; immunobullous skin diseases; immunopathology