Intraoperative fluid management.
Evidence-based medicine has been slow to address the critically important issue of intraoperative fluid maintenance for surgical patients. A "rule" published by Holliday and colleagues in 1957 was the accepted practice for the initial calculation of fluid maintenance for nearly 50 years. Using this formula, the nil per os fluid deficit was based on how long it had been since the preoperative patient had last consumed anything by mouth, even water. New technology and monitoring modalities are being used to guide evidence-supported intraoperative care, leading to better outcomes for surgical patients.
Nurse Anesthesia Program, School of Nursing, Quinnipiac University, 275 Mount Carmel Avenue NH-HSC, Hamden, CT 06518, USA. Electronic address: judy.thompson@quinnipiac.edu.
Judy
J
Thompson
D005440:Fluid Therapy; D006801:Humans; D007432:Intraoperative Period
Blood and blood products; Body fluid compartments; Crystalloids and colloids; Fluid management; Goal-directed fluid therapy; The third space