Detection of peritoneal dissemination with near-infrared fluorescence laparoscopic imaging using a liposomal formulation of a synthesized indocyanine green liposomal derivative.
OBJECTIVE
Although conventional staging laparoscopy (SL) has improved the diagnostic accuracy of peritoneal dissemination, novel technology is needed to increase the sensitivity of SL. We herein describe a new imaging method employing near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging using a liposomal synthesized indocyanine green (ICG) liposomal derivative, LP-ICG-C18.


RESULTS
LP-ICG-C18 is a NIR-photoactivating probe in which an ICG fluorophore is covalently conjugated with a phospholipid moiety. Nude mice were intraperitoneally injected with gastric cancer cells. Twelve days later, the mice were given intravenous injections of LP-ICG-C18 at a dose of 0.15 mg/kg. A NIR imaging system was used to identify the disseminated tumors. The disseminated nodules in mice were detected without any difficulties. Disseminated tumor nodules were collected from mice with or without injections of liposomal formulation and were transferred into the swine peritoneal cavity. The nodules in the swine peritoneal cavity were clearly and promptly defined by the NIR imaging system.


CONCLUSIONS
NIR-fluorescing liposomal probes can effectively target peritoneal disseminated tumors and can be easily detected by a NIR imaging system. These results warrant future clinical trials of our imaging system and may contribute to a more precise diagnosis and therapeutic approach for gastric cancer patients.
Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan i_hosino@chiba-u.jp.
Isamu
I
Hoshino
Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Tetsuro
T
Maruyama
Center for Frontier Medical Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Hiromichi
H
Fujito
Department of Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Yutaka
Y
Tamura
Department of Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Akiko
A
Suganami
Center for Frontier Medical Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Hideki
H
Hayashi
Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Taro
T
Toyota
Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Yasunori
Y
Akutsu
Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Kentaro
K
Murakami
Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Yuka
Y
Isozaki
Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Naoki
N
Akanuma
Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Nobuyoshi
N
Takeshita
Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Takeshi
T
Toyozumi
Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Aki
A
Komatsu
Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Hisahiro
H
Matsubara
D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007208:Indocyanine Green / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008081:Liposomes; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D061848:Optical Imaging; D010534:Peritoneal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000556:secondary*; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D013552:Swine
D008081:Liposomes; D007208:Indocyanine Green
Staging laparoscopy; dissemination; indocyanin green; liposome; near-infrared fluorescence imaging