Hormonal diterpenoids derived from ent-kaurenoic acid are involved in the blue-light avoidance response of Physcomitrella patens.
Gibberellins (GAs) are diterpenoid hormones that regulate growth and development in flowering plants. The moss Physcomitrella patens has part of the GA biosynthetic pathway from geranylgeranyl diphosphate to ent-kaurenoic acid via ent-kaurene, but it does not produce GA. Disruption of the ent-kaurene synthase gene in P. patens suppressed caulonemal differentiation. Application of ent-kaurene or ent-kaurenoic acid restored differentiation, suggesting that derivative(s) of ent-kaurenoic acid, but not GAs, are endogenous regulator(s) of caulonemal cell differentiation. The protonemal growth of P. patens shows an avoidance response under unilateral blue light. Physiological studies using gene mutants involved in ent-kaurene biosynthesis confirmed that diterpenoid(s) regulate the blue-light response. Here, we discuss the implications of these findings, and provide data for the ent-kaurene oxidase gene-disrupted mutant.
a Department of Applied Biological Chemistry ; The University of Tokyo ; Tokyo , Japan.
Sho
S
Miyazaki
Masatoshi
M
Nakajima
Hiroshi
H
Kawaide
D053898:Biosynthetic Pathways / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D019068:Bryopsida / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008027:Light; D009024:Morphogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000494:pharmacology*
D004224:Diterpenes; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; C051436:kaurenoic acid
CPS, ent-copalyl diphosphate synthase; CYP701B1; GA, gibberellin; KAO, ent-kaurenoic acid oxidase; KO, ent-kaurene oxidase; KS, ent-kaurene synthase; P450, cytochrome P450 monooxygenase; Physcomitrella patens; blue light; cytochrome P450 monooxygenase; ent-kaurene; ent-kaurenoic acid; gene disruption; gibberellin; nptII, neomycin phosphotransferase II; protonema