Validation of the Korean version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-2 in firefighters and rescue workers.
OBJECTIVE
Resilience has been considered as a protective factor against stress. Evaluating resilience in firefighters and rescue workers, who are frequently exposed to traumatic events, is important and relevant. This study examined the psychometric properties of the Korean version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-2 (CD-RISC2).


METHODS
Two-hundred twenty-two current professional firefighters and rescue workers were assessed by standardized, semi-structured clinical interviews and self-report questionnaires. Internal consistency, correlation with the CD-RISC, convergent validity, divergent validity, and predictive validity of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity were analyzed.


RESULTS
The CD-RISC2 demonstrated good internal consistency (α=0.75), item-total correlation (r=0.89-0.90), and convergent and divergent validity. The total score of the CD-RISC2 showed significant correlations with the subtotal of the remaining 23 CD-RISC items (r=0.77, p<0.001) and with the score of each CD-RISC item (r=0.15-0.66, all p<0.05). The magnitude of the relationship between the number of traumatic experiences and PTSD symptom severity was greater in the low resilience group than in the high resilience group (p for interaction=0.002). The likelihood-ratio test confirmed that the model predicting PTSD symptom severity based on the CD-RISC2 total score was not improved by the inclusion of subtotal scores of the remaining 23 CD-RISC items (χ(2)=0.31, p=0.58).


CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that the CD-RISC2 would be a valuable tool in evaluating resilience quickly and efficiently in firefighters and rescue workers.
Department of Radiology, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.
Hyeonseok S
HS
Jeong
Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha W. University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha W. University, Seoul, South Korea.
Ilhyang
I
Kang
Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha W. University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha W. University, Seoul, South Korea.
Eun
E
Namgung
Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha W. University, Seoul, South Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
Jooyeon Jamie
JJ
Im
Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha W. University, Seoul, South Korea; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha W. University, Seoul, South Korea.
Yujin
Y
Jeon
Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha W. University, Seoul, South Korea; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha W. University, Seoul, South Korea.
Jihee
J
Son
Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha W. University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha W. University, Seoul, South Korea.
Siyoung
S
Yu
Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha W. University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha W. University, Seoul, South Korea.
Sungeun
S
Kim
Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha W. University, Seoul, South Korea.
Sujung
S
Yoon
Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha W. University, Seoul, South Korea; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha W. University, Seoul, South Korea.
In Kyoon
IK
Lyoo
Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.
Yong-An
YA
Chung
Central Officials Training Institute, Gwacheon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.
Jae-Ho
JH
Lim
Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha W. University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha W. University, Seoul, South Korea. Electronic address: kjieun@ewha.ac.kr.
Jieun E
JE
Kim
D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D061388:Firefighters / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011594:Psychometrics; D018635:Rescue Work; D055500:Resilience, Psychological; D057566:Self Report; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult