Dietary Risk Reduction Factors for the Barrett's Esophagus-Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Continuum: A Review of the Recent Literature.
Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA) incidence is among the most rapidly increasing of any cancer type in the U.S., and prognosis is poor. Prevalence of the potential precursor lesion, Barrett's esophagus (BE), is also increasing. Candidates for safe and effective risk reduction strategies are needed, potentially including dietary components. In this qualitative review, we summarize recently published epidemiologic studies, in context of earlier work, on dietary intake and BE-EA outcomes. Potential cohort study/intervention trial candidates which could be increased to reduce BE-EA development include intake of: (1) fruits and vegetables; vegetables; fruit (EA only); (2) β-carotene and vitamins C and E; (3) folate (EA only); and (4) total fiber (EA only). Also, (5) red and processed meat intake could be targeted for dietary reduction/omission to reduce EA development. Few dietary constituents have been evaluated among EA patients to examine associations with mortality, thus interventions conducted among EA patients are premature.
Department of Epidemiology, 135 Dauer Drive, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, phone: 919-966-7430, fax: 919-966-2089.
Jessica L
JL
Petrick
Department of Epidemiology, 135 Dauer Drive, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, phone: 919-966-7430, fax: 919-966-2089.
Nan
N
Li
Department of Epidemiology, 135 Dauer Drive, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, phone: 919-966-7430, fax: 919-966-2089.
Kathleen M
KM
McClain
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 915 Greene Street, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208; phone: 803-576-5638, fax: 803-576-5624.
Susan E
SE
Steck
Department of Epidemiology, 135 Dauer Drive, CB# 7435, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7435, phone: 919-966-7421, 919-966-2089.
Marilie D
MD
Gammon
Barrett's esophagus; dietary intake; epidemiology; esophageal adenocarcinoma; folate; fruits; nutrition; red meat; survivorship; total fiber; vegetables; vitamin C; vitamin E; β-carotene