Rapid viral rebound after 4 years of suppressive therapy in a seronegative HIV-1 infected infant treated from birth.
Attention has focused on the possibility of cure for HIV infected infants if treated promptly after delivery. The "Mississippi baby," who had very prolonged remission after antiretroviral discontinuation, may represent a unique situation. We report an infant treated from birth, who seroreverted, remained virologically suppressed, and had undetectable HIV-1 RNA and DNA at 4 years of age, yet experienced virologic rebound within days of discontinuation of antiretroviral therapy.
From the *Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin; †Department of Paediatrics, UCD School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University College Dublin; ‡The National Virus Reference Laboratory, University College Dublin; §The Coombe Women's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; ¶Department of Infection, Inflammation and Rheumatology, University College London; and **Department of Infection and Immunity, University College London, United Kingdom.
Karina M
KM
Butler
Patrick
P
Gavin
Suzie
S
Coughlan
Annette
A
Rochford
Sinead
S
Mc Donagh
Orla
O
Cunningham
Hannah
H
Poulsom
Sarah A
SA
Watters
Nigel
N
Klein
D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D013997:Time Factors; D017211:Treatment Failure; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D019562:Viral Load