Associations between yogurt, dairy, calcium, and vitamin D intake and obesity among U.S. children aged 8-18 years: NHANES, 2005-2008.
The aim of this study was to investigate associations of yogurt and dairy consumption with energy, macronutrient, calcium, and vitamin D intakes, and associations with indicators of overweight/obesity in U.S. children in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2005-2008). Using 24-hour recall data, children 8-18 years of age were classified to dairy consumption groups of <1, 1 to <2, or 2+ dairy servings, and yogurt consumers were those who reported eating yogurt during at least one of two dietary intake interviews. NHANES anthropometric measurements were used, and BMI and BMI-for-age percentiles were calculated. Yogurt and dairy consumption were associated with higher intakes of calcium, vitamin D and protein. Yogurt intake was associated with lower total fat and saturated fat intakes and body fat as measured by subscapular skinfold thickness. This study supports consumption of yogurt and higher amounts of dairy as eating patterns associated with greater intake of specific shortfall nutrients, and lower body fat in U.S. children.
Food & Nutrition Database Research Inc., Okemos, MI 48864, USA. keastdeb@comcast.net.
Debra R
DR
Keast
Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. hillgallant@purdue.edu.
Kathleen M
KM
Hill Gallant
Bell Institute of Health and Nutrition, General Mills, Inc., Minneapolis, MN 55427, USA. ann.albertson@genmills.com.
Ann M
AM
Albertson
Bell Institute of Health and Nutrition, General Mills, Inc., Minneapolis, MN 55427, USA. carolyn.gugger@genmills.com.
Carolyn K
CK
Gugger
Statistics Department, General Mills, Inc., Minneapolis, MN 55440, USA. nort.holschuh@genmills.com.
Norton M
NM
Holschuh
D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000293:Adolescent; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D004032:Diet; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000378:metabolism*; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015014:Yogurt
D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D014807:Vitamin D