Apolipoprotein E isoforms 3/3 and 3/4 differentially interact with circulating stearic, palmitic, and oleic fatty acids and lipid levels in Alaskan Natives.
Lifestyle changes in Alaskan Natives have been related to the increase of cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome in the last decades. Variation of the apolipoprotein E (Apo E) genotype may contribute to the diverse response to diet in lipid metabolism and influence the association between fatty acids in plasma and risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The aim of this investigation was to analyze the interaction between Apo E isoforms and plasma fatty acids, influencing phenotypes related to metabolic diseases in Alaskan Natives. A sample of 427 adult Siberian Yupik Alaskan Natives was included. Fasting glucose, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, Apo A1, and Apo B plasma concentrations were measured using reference methods. Concentrations of 13 fatty acids in fasting plasma were analyzed by gas chromatography, and Apo E variants were identified. Analyses of covariance were conducted to identify Apo E isoform and fatty acid main effects and multiplicative interactions. The means for body mass index and age were 26 ± 5.2 and 47 ± 1.5, respectively. Significant main effects were observed for variation in Apo E and different fatty acids influencing Apo B levels, triglycerides, and total cholesterol. Significant interactions were found between Apo E isoform and selected fatty acids influencing total cholesterol, triglycerides, and Apo B concentrations. In summary, Apo E3/3 and 3/4 isoforms had significant interactions with circulating levels of stearic, palmitic, oleic fatty acids, and phenotypes of lipid metabolism in Alaskan Natives.
Laboratorio de Nutrigenomica y Nutrigenetica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, México City, México. Electronic address: lcastellanos@inmegen.gob.mx.
Lyssia
L
Castellanos-Tapia
Research Division, Hospital General de México, Dr Balmis 148 Col Doctores, 03020 México City, México. Electronic address: jclalvar@yahoo.com.
Juan Carlos
JC
López-Alvarenga
University of Alaska, 3165 Anella Ave, Fairbanks, AK, USA. Electronic address: soebbesson@alaska.edu.
Sven O E
SO
Ebbesson
Uni Research AS, N-5006 Bergen, Norway. Electronic address: smoltbrain@me.com.
Lars O E
LO
Ebbesson
Laboratorio de Nutrigenomica y Nutrigenetica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, México City, México. Electronic address: etejero@inmegen.gob.mx.
M Elizabeth
ME
Tejero
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000413:Alaska; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000097:blood; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000097:blood*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001827:Body Height; D001835:Body Weight; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D004930:Inuit; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000097:blood*; D019308:Palmitic Acid / Q000097:blood*; D010641:Phenotype; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000097:blood; D012307:Risk Factors; D013229:Stearic Acids / Q000097:blood*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D055105:Waist Circumference; D055815:Young Adult
D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D007328:Insulin; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D013229:Stearic Acids; D014280:Triglycerides; D019301:Oleic Acid; D019308:Palmitic Acid; C031183:stearic acid
Analysis of covariance; Apo E isoform; Inuit; Lipid metabolism; Plasma fatty acids; Siberian Yupik