title: Expression and significance of FOXP1, HIF-1a and VEGF in renal clear cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the expressions of FOXP1, hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1a and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in renal cell carcinoma of the clear type (CCRCC) and their relationship with the patient clinicopathological features.
  
  
  METHODS
  The expressions of forkhead box-P1 (FOXP1), HIF-1a and VEGF in 55 cases of CCRCC tissues were determined using immunohistochemistry. Then, their correlations with clinical stage, histological grade and lymph node metastasis were analyzed using chi-square test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-seven of the 55 cases (67.3%) of CCRCC expressed FOXP1 with an abnormal expression rate of 38.2% (21/55), in which there were 10 cases with positive FOXP1 both in the nucleus and the cytoplasm and 11 cases with positive FOXP1 in cell membrane. The abnormal expression rate of FOXP1 inhigh grade CCRCC (G3/G4) was significantly higher than that in low grade CCRCC (G1/G2, p<0.05). FOXP1 expression was significantly correlated with the expression of HIF1 and VEGF (r=0.54, p<0.01 and r=0.37, p<0.05, respectively), but was not obviously correlated with clinical stage, lymph node metastasis and 5-year overall patient survival (p>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Abnormal expression of FOXP1 and its deficiency are common events in CCRCC. Abnormal expression of FOXP1 may create progression of tumor from low grade to high grade by regulating the HIF-1-VEGF pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.forename: Jingyong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Jianou
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Rongrong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chunge
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Shanshan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Xiuling
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary; D005260:Female; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000032:analysis*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D013997:Time Factors; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000032:analysis*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C486626:FOXP1 protein, human; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; C497442:HIF1A protein, human; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A