title: Cytological Diagnoses of Adenocarcinoma in situ of the Cervix: Common Misdiagnoses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In routine screening, glandular lesions have high false-negative and false-positive rates. Our study sought to improve the cytological diagnoses and differentiation of glandular lesions.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 24 cytology slides were retrospectively reviewed. Among these slides, 15 were confirmed via histology to have varying amounts of adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) components. The other 9 cytology slides exhibited AIS mimics that had been originally considered to be AIS or atypical glandular cells (AGCs) and were selected for differentiation from AIS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 12 of the 15 cytological slides exhibited significant atypical glandular features that met the criteria for AIS. However, the original cytological diagnoses included 2 cases of AIS, 3 AGCs-favor neoplasia (AGC-FN), 2 AGCs, 1 case that was not otherwise specified (AGC-NOS), 1 NILM (negative for intraepithelial lesion and malignancy), 3 HSILs (high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions), and 2 ASC-Hs (atypical squamous cells, cannot exclude HSIL). The latter 9 cytological slides were subsequently histologically confirmed to be 2 metaplasias, 2 reactive lesions, 1 decidual change, 3 serous adenocarcinomas, and 1 SCNEC (small-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cytological screening will be valuable for identifying glandular lesions as effectively as squamous lesions if the doubly high false rates can be decreased.
authors.forename: Shuxia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D065311:Adenocarcinoma in Situ / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002449:Cell Aggregation; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000473:pathology*; D003581:Cytodiagnosis; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D003951:Diagnostic Errors; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology*