title: Histopathology in 3D: From three-dimensional reconstruction to multi-stain and multi-modal analysis.
abstract: Light microscopy applied to the domain of histopathology has traditionally been a two-dimensional imaging modality. Several authors, including the authors of this work, have extended the use of digital microscopy to three dimensions by stacking digital images of serial sections using image-based registration. In this paper, we give an overview of our approach, and of extensions to the approach to register multi-modal data sets such as sets of interleaved histopathology sections with different stains, and sets of histopathology images to radiology volumes with very different appearance. Our approach involves transforming dissimilar images into a multi-channel representation derived from co-occurrence statistics between roughly aligned images.
authors.affiliation: School of Computing, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK ; HeteroGenius Limited, Leeds, UK.
authors.forename: Derek
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Magee
authors.affiliation: University College London, Camden, UK.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Mathematical Cell Physiology Facility, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gilbert
authors.affiliation: Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, Leeds, UK.
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.affiliation: School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
authors.forename: Nagitha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wijayathunga
authors.affiliation: School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wilcox
authors.affiliation: School of Computing, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bulpitt
authors.affiliation: Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, Leeds, UK ; Leeds Teaching Hospitals, NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.
authors.forename: Darren
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Treanor
keywords: Correlation; multi-stain; radiology; registration; three-dimensional-histopathology