title: How mobile are protons in the structure of dental glass ionomer cements?
abstract: The development of dental materials with improved properties and increased longevity can save costs and minimize discomfort for patients. Due to their good biocompatibility, glass ionomer cements are an interesting restorative option. However, these cements have limited mechanical strength to survive in the challenging oral environment. Therefore, a better understanding of the structure and hydration process of these cements can bring the necessary understanding to further developments. Neutrons and X-rays have been used to investigate the highly complex pore structure, as well as to assess the hydrogen mobility within these cements. Our findings suggest that the lower mechanical strength in glass ionomer cements results not only from the presence of pores, but also from the increased hydrogen mobility within the material. The relationship between microstructure, hydrogen mobility and strength brings insights into the material's durability, also demonstrating the need and opening the possibility for further research in these dental cements.
authors.affiliation: Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Ana R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Benetti
authors.affiliation: 1] The Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark [2] European Spallation Source ESS AB, PO Box 176, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jacobsen
authors.affiliation: The Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Benedict
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lehnhoff
authors.affiliation: The Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Niels C R
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Momsen
authors.affiliation: Nano-Science Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Denis V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Okhrimenko
authors.affiliation: 1] ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxon, UK OX11 0QX [2] Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: Mark T F
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Telling
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin, D-14109, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Nikolay
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kardjilov
authors.affiliation: European Spallation Source ESS AB, PO Box 176, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Strobl
authors.affiliation: Institut Laue-Langevin, BP 156, F-38042, Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Tilo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Seydel
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin, D-14109, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Ingo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Manke
authors.affiliation: 1] The Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark [2] European Spallation Source ESS AB, PO Box 176, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Heloisa N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Bordallo