title: [Radiobiological dependences of normal tissue reactions in radiation therapy for tumors].
abstract: The new ICRP recommendations (Publication 118) are devoted to reactions of human tissues to acute, chronic and fractionated radiation. It is currently obvious that the reactions of tissues to ionizing radiation exposures are predetermined not only by the dose and dose rate, they may be altered under the impact of multiple biological modifiers (antioxidants, cytotoxins, growth factors etc.), are dependent on the age, initial state of the tissues, organs, and the genetic characteristics of the patient's organism. The manuscript addresses the mechanisms inducing tissue reactions to irradiation, and presents the current estimates of dose threshold values for the tissue reactions associated with fractionated irradiation. It has been noted that fractionated irradiation induces, as a rule, less manifested effects compared to those induced by equal doses of acute irradiation. For the first time, the threshold doses for induction of cardio-vascular and cerebrovascular diseases have been estimated. The thresholds doses for cataract induction have been revised. A considerable attention has been given to tissue reaction modifiers which are represented by different groups of compounds, and can be used as prophylactic, palliative or remedial agents in radiation therapy.
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Akleeva
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D002386:Cataract / Q000209:etiology; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control; D011839:Radiation, Ionizing; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage / Q000592:standards*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants