title: Two new endangered species of Anomaloglossus (Anura: Aromobatidae) from Roraima State, northern Brazil.
abstract: We describe two new species of Anomaloglossus from Roraima State, Brazil, that are likely endemic to single mountains currently isolated among lowland forest and savanna ecosystems. The first species, Anomaloglossus tepequem sp. nov. was collected in 1986 and 1992 along a single stream at &gt;500 m elevation on a tepui-like mountain named Tepequém, but was not detected during recent investigations. It is mainly diagnosed from other Anomaloglossus species by its well developed foot webbing, immaculate cream abdomen colouration and small body size (males: 18.2-20.1 mm, females: 21.7-24.5). The second species, Anomaloglossus apiau sp. nov. was found along several streams between 500 and 1400 m elevation on Serra do Apiaú, and is mainly diagnosed from congeners by its weakly webbed feet, males with swollen third finger and ventrolateral stripe formed by white dots, and its advertisement call; a long trill (up to almost 40 s) consisting of pairs of very short pulses. The discovery of these two apparently microendemic species suggests that additional Anomaloglossus species remain to be described in the Guiana Shield. Both species should be considered critically endangered given their seemingly reduced range size, association with highland habitat, and the anthropogenic pressure they currently face.
authors.affiliation: CNRS Guyane USR3456, Immeuble Le Relais, 2 Avenue Gustave Charlery, 97300, Cayenne, French Guiana Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, Caixa Postal 11.461,CEP 05508-090, São Paulo, SP, Brazil Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Zoologia, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, s/n. Cidade Universitária CEP 50670-901, Recife, PE, Brazil; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Antoine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fouquet
authors.affiliation: Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, Caixa Postal 11.461,CEP 05508-090, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Sergio Marques
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, Caixa Postal 11.461,CEP 05508-090, São Paulo, SP, Brazil Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Zoologia, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, s/n. Cidade Universitária CEP 50670-901, Recife, PE, Brazil; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Pedro M Sales
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Nunes
authors.affiliation: Biology Department, Amphibian Evolution Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 2 Pleinlaan, B- 1050 Brussels, Belgium; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Philippe J R
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Kok
authors.affiliation: Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, Caixa Postal 11.461,CEP 05508-090, São Paulo, SP, Brazil Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Biologia e Zoologia, CEP 78060-900, Cuiaba MT, Brazil; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Felipe Franco
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Curcio
authors.affiliation: INPA Núcleo de Pesquisas de Roraima (INPA/NPRR), Rua Coronel Pinto 315 - Centro, 69301-970, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Celso Morato
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: De Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, Caixa Postal 11.461,CEP 05508-090, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Taran
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.affiliation: Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, Caixa Postal 11.461,CEP 05508-090, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Miguel Trefaut
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
mesh_terms: D063147:Animal Distribution; D000825:Animal Structures / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000254:growth & development; D000818:Animals; D001001:Anura / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000145:classification* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D049628:Body Size; D001938:Brazil; D017753:Ecosystem; D056727:Endangered Species; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size; D014828:Vocalization, Animal