title: Preliminary Characterization of Monofloral Coffea spp. Honey: Correlation between Potential Biomarkers and Pollen Content.
abstract: To determine the botanical origin of Coffea honey, a new method using proton nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)H NMR) is proposed. Integration of the aromatic region of the NMR spectrum of Coffea honey diluted in deuterated water allowed us to simultaneously quantify caffeine, theobromine, and trigonelline, as well as other compounds. The amounts of the three markers listed are significantly higher than those previously reported for Citrus spp. honey: caffeine ranged from 15 to 98 mg/kg, theobromine from 25 to 160 mg/kg, and trigonelline from 23 to 86 mg/kg. The concurrent presence of these three substances is proposed as an indicator of the botanical origin of Coffea honey. Excellent correlation was found between these markers and the relative amounts of Coffea pollen measured in the same samples.
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schievano
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Finotello
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mammi
authors.affiliation: ⊥Ernesto Illy Foundation, via Flavia 110, 34147 Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: Anna Illy
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Belci
authors.affiliation: §Aromalab, illycaffè spa, Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Colomban
authors.affiliation: §Aromalab, illycaffè spa, Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy.|#illycaffè spa, via Flavia 110, 34147 Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: Luciano
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Navarini
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000737:chemistry; D040503:Coffea / Q000737:chemistry*; D035264:Flowers / Q000737:chemistry; D006722:Honey / Q000032:analysis*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D011058:Pollen / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: Coffea spp. honey; botanical origin; qNMR