title: Squeezing fact from fiction about 100% fruit juice.
abstract: Total fruit intake in the United States is ~1 cup equivalent per day, or one-half of the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommendation for adults. Two-thirds of the fruit consumed is whole fruit and one-third is 100% juice. The nutritional value of whole fruit, with the exception of fiber and vitamin C, may be retained with appropriate juice production methods and storage conditions. One-hundred percent fruit juice consumption is associated with a number of health benefits, such as improved cardiovascular health and decreased obesity, although some of these and other potential benefits are controversial. Comprehensive analyses of the evidence by the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics in 2014, the US Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee in 2010, and the Australian Dietary Guidelines of 2013 concluded that 100% fruit juice is not related to adiposity in children when consumed in appropriate amounts for age and energy needs. However, some reports suggest the consumption of fruit juice contributes to unhealthful outcomes, particularly among children. A dietary modeling study on the best ways to meet the fruit intake shortfall showed that a combination of whole fruit and 100% juice improved dietary density of potassium and vitamin C without significantly increasing total calories. Notably, 100% juice intake was capped at amounts consistent with the 2001 American Pediatric Association guidance. The preponderance of evidence supports the position that 100% fruit juice delivers essential nutrients and phytonutrients, provides year-round access to a variety of fruits, and is a cost-effective way to help people meet fruit recommendations.
authors.affiliation: Horn, La Mirada, CA; University of Southern California School of Pharmacy, Los Angeles, CA; and California State University, Northridge, CA;
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Clemens
authors.affiliation: Center for Public Health Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, Seattle, WA;
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Drewnowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN;
authors.forename: Mario G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Ferruzzi
authors.affiliation: CDT Consulting, LLC, Herndon, VA; and.
authors.forename: Cheryl D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Toner
authors.affiliation: Juice Products Association, Washington, DC dwelland@kellencompany.com.
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Welland
mesh_terms: D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D001315:Australia; D002648:Child; D004032:Diet; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D000067030:Fruit and Vegetable Juices / Q000009:adverse effects; D006262:Health; D006801:Humans; D018673:Nutrition Policy; D009753:Nutritive Value; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology; D011188:Potassium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D001205:Ascorbic Acid; D011188:Potassium
keywords: 100% juice; dietary guidelines; fruit; juice; nutrition; phytochemicals