title: Plumbagin Nanoparticles Induce Dose and pH Dependent Toxicity on Prostate Cancer Cells.
abstract: Stable nano-formulation of Plumbagin nanoparticles from Plumbago zeylanica root extract was explored as a potential natural drug against prostate cancer. Size and morphology analysis by DLS, SEM and AFM revealed the average size of nanoparticles prepared was 100±50nm. In vitro cytotoxicity showed concentration and time dependent toxicity on prostate cancer cells. However, plumbagin crude extract found to be highly toxic to normal cells when compared to plumbagin nanoformulation, thus confirming nano plumbagin cytocompatibility with normal cells and dose dependent toxicity to prostate cells. In vitro hemolysis assay confirmed the blood biocompatibility of the plumbagin nanoparticles. In wound healing assay, plumbagin nanoparticles provided clues that it might play an important role in the anti-migration of prostate cancer cells. DNA fragmentation revealed that partial apoptosis induction by plumbagin nanoparticles could be expected as a potent anti-cancer effect towards prostate cancer.
authors.forename: Harikrishnan A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Nair
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Snima
authors.forename: Ravindranath C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Kamath
authors.forename: Shantikumar V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Nair
authors.affiliation: Amrita Center for Nanoscience and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, AIMS - Ponekkara, Cochin, Kerala 682041, India. vinothlakshmanan@aims.amrita.edu.
authors.forename: Vinoth-Kumar
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Lakshmanan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D053758:Nanoparticles; D009285:Naphthoquinones / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D010316:Particle Size; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D029606:Plumbaginaceae / Q000737:chemistry; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D009285:Naphthoquinones; D010936:Plant Extracts; C014758:plumbagin