title: Effects of anthracene on filtration rates, antioxidant defense system, and redox proteomics in the Mediterranean clam Ruditapes decussatus (Mollusca: Bivalvia).
abstract: This study aimed at analyzing the impact of a toxic polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), anthracene (ANT), on Ruditapes decussatus collected from a Tunisian coastal lagoon (Bizerte Lagoon). Filtration rates, several antioxidant enzymes--superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione transferase (GST)--as well as indices of protein oxidation status were determined in various tissues of this bivalve. Specimens were exposed to 100 μg/L of ANT for 2 days. ANT levels were evaluated using HPLC and were detected in the gill and digestive gland at different amounts. ANT exposure altered the behavior of bivalves by changing the siphon movement and decreasing filtration rate significantly. The enzymatic results indicated that ANT exposure affected the oxidative stress status of the gills of R. decussatus. In addition, modification of proteins was detected in the gills using redox proteomics after ANT treatment. Three protein spots were successfully identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). These proteins can be roughly related to muscle contraction function. In contrast, no significant modification of enzymatic and protein responses was detected in the digestive gland after ANT treatment. These data demonstrate that combined behavioral and biochemical analyses are a powerful tool to provide valuable insights into possible mechanisms of toxicity of anthracene in R. decussatus. Additionally, the results highlight the potential of the gill as a valuable candidate for investigating PAH toxicity.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology Unit, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerta, University of Carthage, 7021, Zarzouna, Tunisia, sellamibadreddine@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Badreddine
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sellami
authors.forename: Abdelhafidh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khazri
authors.forename: Héla
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Louati
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dellali
authors.forename: Mouhamed Ridha
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Driss
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Aïssa
authors.forename: Ezzeddine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mahmoudi
authors.forename: Beyrem
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hamouda
authors.forename: Ana Varela
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Coelho
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sheehan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000873:Anthracenes / Q000633:toxicity*; D049872:Bivalvia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D005374:Filtration; D005880:Gills / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D040901:Proteomics; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000873:Anthracenes; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; C034020:anthracene