title: ZnO-based thin film transistors employing aluminum titanate gate dielectrics deposited by spray pyrolysis at ambient air.
abstract: The replacement of SiO2 gate dielectrics with metal oxides of higher dielectric constant has led to the investigation of a wide range of materials with superior properties compared with SiO2. Despite their attractive properties, these high-k dielectrics are usually manufactured using costly vacuum-based techniques. To overcome this bottleneck, research has focused on the development of alternative deposition methods based on solution-processable metal oxides. Here we report the application of spray pyrolysis for the deposition and investigation of Al2x-1·TixOy dielectrics as a function of the [Ti(4+)]/[Ti(4+)+2·Al(3+)] ratio and their implementation in thin film transistors (TFTs) employing spray-coated ZnO as the active semiconducting channels. The films are studied by UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, spectroscopic ellipsometry, impedance spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction and field-effect measurements. Analyses reveal amorphous Al2x-1·TixOy dielectrics that exhibit a wide band gap (∼4.5 eV), low roughness (∼0.9 nm), high dielectric constant (k ∼ 13), Schottky pinning factor S of ∼0.44 and very low leakage currents (<5 nA/cm(2)). TFTs employing stoichiometric Al2O3·TiO2 gate dielectrics and ZnO semiconducting channels exhibit excellent electron transport characteristics with low operating voltages (∼10 V), negligible hysteresis, high on/off current modulation ratio of ∼10(6), subthreshold swing (SS) of ∼550 mV/dec and electron mobility of ∼10 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1).
authors.affiliation: †Engineering Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YR, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Afouxenidis
authors.affiliation: ‡Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mazzocco
authors.affiliation: §Physics Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54142, Greece.
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vourlias
authors.affiliation: ‡Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Livesley
authors.affiliation: ‡Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Krier
authors.affiliation: ⊥Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0FA, United Kingdom.|∥Display Research Laboratory, Department of Information Display, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130701, South Korea.
authors.forename: William I
authors.initials: WI
authors.lastname: Milne
authors.affiliation: ‡Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Oleg
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kolosov
authors.affiliation: †Engineering Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YR, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Adamopoulos
keywords: aluminum titanate; high-k dielectrics; spray pyrolysis; thin film transistors; transparent electronics