title: Inhibition of Cancer Cell Proliferation and Antiradical Effects of Decoction, Hydroalcoholic Extract, and Principal Constituents of Hemidesmus indicus R. Br.
abstract: Indian Sarsaparilla (Hemidesmus indicus R. Br.) is widely used in Indian traditional medicine. In the present work, we explored the effects of decoction, traditional Ayurvedic preparation, and hydroalcoholic extract, a phytocomplex more traditionally studied and commercialized as food supplement in western medicine, from the roots as possible source of chemicals with new functional potential linked to their nutritional uses. The antiproliferative and antioxidant properties were assayed. To test antiproliferative affects, different cancer cell lines, growing both as monolayers (CaCo2, MCF-7, A549, K562, MDA-MB-231, Jurkat, HepG2, and LoVo) and in suspension (K562 and Jurkat) were used. The decoction showed strong activity on HepG2 cells, while the hydroalcoholic extracts were active on HepG2, LoVo, MCF-7, K562, and Jurkat cell lines. Weak inhibition of cancer cell proliferation was observed for the principal constituents of the preparations: 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid, and 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde that were tested alone. The antiradical activity was tested with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)diammonium salt tests and inhibition of nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Interesting result has also been obtained for hydroalcoholic extract regarding genoprotective potential (58.79% of inhibition at 37.5 µg/mL).
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Italy.
authors.forename: Giancarlo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Statti
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Italy.
authors.forename: Mariangela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marrelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Italy.
authors.forename: Filomena
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Conforti
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Spagnoletti
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tacchini
authors.affiliation: Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Rimini, Italy.
authors.forename: Carmela
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fimognari
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Eleonora
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brognara
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gambari
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Gianni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sacchetti
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guerrini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry; D031102:Hemidesmus / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects; D008515:Medicine, Ayurvedic; D051379:Mice; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000737:chemistry; D044945:Proanthocyanidins / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005419:Flavonoids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; D044945:Proanthocyanidins
keywords: Ayurveda; antioxidants; antitumor activity; genoprotective potential; nitric oxide inhibitors