title: A new cecidogenous species of Eugnosta Hübner (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) associated with Baccharis salicifolia (Asteraceae) in the northern Chilean Atacama Desert: Life-history description and phylogenetic inferences.
abstract: Eugnosta Hübner, 1825 (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae, Tortricinae, Cochylini, Cochylina) is reported for the first time in Chile. Male and female adults, the pupa, the last-instar larva, and galls of Eugnosta azapaensis Vargas & Moreira, sp. n., are described and illustrated from the Azapa Valley in the northern Atacama Desert. The larvae induce fusiform galls on shoots of the shrub Baccharis salicifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers. (Asteraceae). An assessment of phylogenetic relationships of E. azapaensis with two congeneric species based on mitochondrial DNA is provided.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Recursos Ambientales, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 6-D, Arica, Chile.; Email: havargas@uta.cl.
authors.forename: Héctor A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Vargas
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Porto Alegre RS, 91501-970, Brazil.; Email: pietro_pollo@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Pietro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pollo
authors.affiliation: PPG Entomologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19020, Curitiba, PR 81531-980, Brazil.; Email: nielvmc@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Daniel S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Basilio
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Porto Alegre RS, 91501-970, Brazil. Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Antofagasta 1520, Arica, Chile; Email: lopes.goncalves@ufrgs.br.
authors.forename: Gislene L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Porto Alegre RS, 91501-970, Brazil.; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Gilson R P
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Moreira
mesh_terms: D063147:Animal Distribution; D000825:Animal Structures / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000254:growth & development; D000818:Animals; D031175:Baccharis / Q000469:parasitology*; D049628:Body Size; D002677:Chile; D003889:Desert Climate; D017753:Ecosystem; D005260:Female; D007814:Larva / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D007915:Lepidoptera / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size; D010802:Phylogeny; D011679:Pupa / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development