title: Effect of dietary sodium and potassium intake on left ventricular diastolic function and mass in adults≤40 years (from the Strong Heart Study).
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate whether intake of dietary sodium or potassium is related to changes in left ventricular (LV) diastolic functioning and LV mass index in young subjects with normal or elevated blood pressure. We prospectively analyzed echocardiographic data in 1,065 young adults (18 to 39 years) enrolled in the Strong Heart Family Study who were free from cardiovascular disease at baseline: 501 (47%) participants were normotensive and 564 (53%) were prehypertensive or hypertensive. Dietary sodium and potassium intakes were ascertained using a block food frequency questionnaire at baseline. Cardiac geometry and functioning were assessed at baseline and 4 years later. Marginal models were used to assess the associations of average intakes of sodium and potassium with echocardiographic measures. Participants with prehypertension or hypertension were older, had higher body mass index, and reported higher intakes of sodium than normotensive subjects at baseline. In prospective analyses, potassium intake was found to be negatively related to mitral E velocity (p=0.029) in normotensive subjects, whereas sodium/potassium ratio was positively associated with atrial filling fraction (p=0.017). In prehypertensive or hypertensive participants, sodium consumption was positively associated with atrial filling fraction (p=0.034) and an increase in sodium/potassium ratio was related to higher LV mass index (p=0.046). In conclusion, an increase in dietary sodium/potassium ratio was related to an accentuation of atrial phase LV diastolic filling in normotensive young subjects, whereas in prehypertensive or hypertensive subjects it was associated with higher LV mass index.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine I, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany. Electronic address: Haring_B@ukw.de.
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Haring
authors.affiliation: Center for American Indian Health Research, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma, Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma, Oklahoma.
authors.forename: Wenyu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Center for American Indian Health Research, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma, Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma, Oklahoma.
authors.forename: Elisa T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.
authors.forename: Sunny
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jhamnani
authors.affiliation: MedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, Maryland; Georgetown and Howard Universities Centers for Translational Sciences, Washington.
authors.forename: Barbara V
authors.initials: BV
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.affiliation: Greenberg Division of Cardiology, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Richard B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Devereux
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004034:Diet Surveys; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications* / Q000208:ethnology; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D007198:Indians, North American; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D017419:Potassium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012982:Sodium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D014481:United States; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D017419:Potassium, Dietary; D012982:Sodium, Dietary