title: Affected and contralateral hand strength and dexterity measures in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine how the affected hemiplegic hand and contralateral dominant hand in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy compare with age-matched norms for grip strength, pinch strength, and dexterity.
  
  
  METHODS
  We enrolled 37 children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy (26 boys; average age, 9.8 y). Grip and pinch strength and Box and Blocks Test for dexterity were measured in both hands. Affected and contralateral hands results were analyzed and compared with each other and with norms for age and sex.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Affected hands had significantly less grip and pinch strength than the contralateral hands. Subjects transported significantly fewer blocks in one minute with the Box and Blocks Test (mean, 10.8 blocks) with the affected hand than the contralateral hand. Compared with normative values, affected-side grip and pinch strengths were significantly less, whereas contralateral hand grip and pinch strengths were similar. Dexterity in both affected and contralateral hands was significantly less than normative values. Decreased dexterity in the contralateral hand was correlated with decreased nonverbal intelligence quotient.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dexterity of the contralateral hand is diminished in children with hemiplegia. Assessment of the contralateral hand may reveal opportunities for therapeutic intervention that improve fine motor function.
  
  
  METHODS
  Therapeutic IV.
authors.affiliation: Shriners Hospital for Children-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Motion Analysis Laboratory, Shriners Hospital for Children-Northern California, Sacramento, CA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA.
authors.forename: Wendy A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Tomhave
authors.affiliation: Shriners Hospital for Children-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Motion Analysis Laboratory, Shriners Hospital for Children-Northern California, Sacramento, CA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA. Electronic address: vanhe003@umn.edu.
authors.forename: Ann E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Van Heest
authors.affiliation: Shriners Hospital for Children-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Motion Analysis Laboratory, Shriners Hospital for Children-Northern California, Sacramento, CA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA.
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bagley
authors.affiliation: Shriners Hospital for Children-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Motion Analysis Laboratory, Shriners Hospital for Children-Northern California, Sacramento, CA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA.
authors.forename: Michelle A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: James
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology*; D018737:Hand Strength / Q000502:physiology*; D006429:Hemiplegia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology*; D052581:Pinch Strength / Q000502:physiology
keywords: Cerebral palsy; dexterity; hemiplegia