title: Deformation of wrinkled graphene.
abstract: The deformation of monolayer graphene, produced by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), on a polyester film substrate has been investigated through the use of Raman spectroscopy. It has been found that the microstructure of the CVD graphene consists of a hexagonal array of islands of flat monolayer graphene separated by wrinkled material. During deformation, it was found that the rate of shift of the Raman 2D band wavenumber per unit strain was less than 25% of that of flat flakes of mechanically exfoliated graphene, whereas the rate of band broadening per unit strain was about 75% of that of the exfoliated material. This unusual deformation behavior has been modeled in terms of mechanically isolated graphene islands separated by the graphene wrinkles, with the strain distribution in each graphene island determined using shear lag analysis. The effect of the size and position of the Raman laser beam spot has also been incorporated in the model. The predictions fit well with the behavior observed experimentally for the Raman band shifts and broadening of the wrinkled CVD graphene. The effect of wrinkles upon the efficiency of graphene to reinforce nanocomposites is also discussed.
authors.forename: Zheling
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ian A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Kinloch
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: Kostya S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Novoselov
authors.affiliation: §Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), P.O. Box 1414, Patras 26504, Greece.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Anagnostopoulos
authors.affiliation: §Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), P.O. Box 1414, Patras 26504, Greece.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Parthenios
authors.affiliation: §Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), P.O. Box 1414, Patras 26504, Greece.
authors.forename: Costas
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Galiotis
authors.affiliation: §Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), P.O. Box 1414, Patras 26504, Greece.
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Papagelis
authors.forename: Ching-Yu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Liam
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Britnell
keywords: CVD graphene; Raman spectroscopy; deformation mechanics; wrinkles