title: A prospective study in male recipients of kidney transplantation reveals divergent patterns for inhibin B and testosterone secretions.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Male patients with chronic kidney disease often exhibit the biological and clinical hallmarks of an abnormal hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis. It is known that dialysis does not reverse this impaired endocrine status; however, the impact of kidney transplantation (KT) is still controversial. The aim of our study was to investigate the levels of serum gonadotropins, testosterone, and inhibin B during dialysis and after KT.
  
  
  METHODS
  A longitudinal and prospective single center study was led in an academic setting. Blood hormones levels were assayed by immunoassays in 53 men (mean age: 37 years) receiving dialysis (T0) and at 6 months post-KT (T180). These data were compared with those from 46 fertile semen donors (mean age: 37 years). The main outcome measure was the between-groups differences in hormones levels. A second criterion was the comparison of T0 and T180 hormones levels according to the immunosuppressive regimen.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For patients ongoing dialysis, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) mean levels were high, whereas testosterone and inhibin B mean levels remained normal. After KT, LH levels returned to normal whereas FSH was significantly increased. Testosterone levels remained normal whereas inhibin B levels significantly decreased. We found that the combination tacrolimus plus mycophenolic acid significantly decreased post-KT inhibin B levels. Moreover, we found that pre-graft inhibin-B level was independent of testosterone and could predict low post-operative inhibin B level with a sensitivity of 77% and a specificity of 92%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study suggests that endocrine secretions of Leydig and Sertoli cells are differently impacted by dialysis, KT and immunosuppressive regimen raising new issues to explore.
authors.affiliation: Groupe de Recherche en Fertilité Humaine, EA 3694, Hôpital Paule de Viguier, Toulouse, F-31000 France ; Université Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, F-31000 France.
authors.forename: Safouane M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hamdi
authors.affiliation: Groupe de Recherche en Fertilité Humaine, EA 3694, Hôpital Paule de Viguier, Toulouse, F-31000 France ; Université Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, F-31000 France.
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Walschaerts
authors.affiliation: Groupe de Recherche en Fertilité Humaine, EA 3694, Hôpital Paule de Viguier, Toulouse, F-31000 France ; Université Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, F-31000 France.
authors.forename: Louis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bujan
authors.affiliation: Université Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, F-31000 France ; Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, F-31000 France.
authors.forename: Lionel
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rostaing
authors.affiliation: Université Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, F-31000 France ; Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, F-31000 France.
authors.forename: Nassim
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kamar
keywords: Dialysis; Gonadotropins; Immunosuppression; Inhibin B; Kidney transplantation; Testosterone