title: Self-gated tissue phase mapping using golden angle radial sparse SENSE.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the combination of Golden Angle Radial Sparse SENSE reconstruction with image-based self-gating (SG) for deriving high-quality TPM data from radial golden angle (GA) k-space data.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 10 healthy volunteers, a self-gated radial GA TPM sequence (TPMSG ) was compared with a prospectively triggered radial TPM acquisition with conventional respiratory (RNAV) compensation (TPMref ). Image quality and velocities were compared for different regularization strengths λ in the CS reconstruction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Acquisitions and retrospective self-gating was successful in all cases. Contrast in TPMSG was superior to TPMref , because the blood saturation bands could be applied with full thickness without interference with the RNAV. Velocities from both acquisitions visually showed the same motion patterns and were quantitatively highly similar (correlation 0.81-0.97 and RMSE 0.08-0.21 cm/s). Strong temporal regularization ( λ∈0.3,0.4) led to reduced velocity peaks in TPMSG . For λ=0.2, image sharpness as well as velocity peaks of TPMSG were comparable to TPMRef .
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination of Golden Angle Radial Sparse SENSE with image-based self-gating allows measurement of velocities of the myocardium with superior black-blood contrast and full coverage of the cardiac cycle.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital of Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital of Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wundrak
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital of Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bernhardt
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital of Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rottbauer
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neural Information Processing, University of Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Heiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Neumann
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital of Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Volker
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rasche
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D055424:Cardiac-Gated Imaging Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D019028:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D055425:Respiratory-Gated Imaging Techniques / Q000379:methods*
keywords: cardiac MRI; golden angle; self-gating; tissue phase mapping (TPM)