title: Colorectal adenomas contain multiple somatic mutations that do not coincide with synchronous adenocarcinoma specimens.
abstract: We have performed a comparative ultrasequencing study of multiple colorectal lesions obtained simultaneously from four patients. Our data show that benign lesions (adenomatous or hyperplastic polyps) contain a high mutational load. Additionally multiple synchronous colorectal lesions show non overlapping mutational signatures highlighting the degree of heterogeneity between multiple specimens in the same patient. Observations in these cases imply that considering not only the number of mutations but an effective oncogenic combination of mutations can determine the malignant progression of colorectal lesions.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Genomics Group, IDIVAL, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain; IBBTEC-UC-CSIC-SODERCAN Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria, Santander, Spain.
authors.forename: José P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Vaqué
authors.affiliation: Cancer Genomics Group, IDIVAL, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain.
authors.forename: Nerea
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.affiliation: IBBTEC-UC-CSIC-SODERCAN Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria, Santander, Spain.
authors.forename: Ignacio
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Varela
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain.
authors.forename: Fidel
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fernández
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mayorga
authors.affiliation: Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico, CNAG, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Sophia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Derdak
authors.affiliation: Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico, CNAG, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Sergi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Beltrán
authors.affiliation: IBBTEC-UC-CSIC-SODERCAN Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria, Santander, Spain.
authors.forename: Thaidy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.affiliation: Cancer Genomics Group, IDIVAL, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Almaraz
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain.
authors.forename: Gonzalo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: De Las Heras
authors.affiliation: Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico, CNAG, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Mónica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bayés
authors.affiliation: Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico, CNAG, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Ivo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gut
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain; Infection, Immunity and Digestive Pathology Group, IFIMAV, Santander, Spain.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Crespo
authors.affiliation: Cancer Genomics Group, IDIVAL, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain; Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain.
authors.forename: Miguel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Piris
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D000236:Adenoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D060965:Clonal Evolution; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009154:Mutation