title: Procedural and indwelling complications with inferior vena cava filters: frequency, etiology, and management.
abstract: Inferior vena cava (IVC) filters are commonly used in select high-risk patients for the prevention of pulmonary embolism. Potentially serious complications can arise from the use of IVC filters, including thrombosis of the filter itself and filter fragment embolization. This article discusses the utility of IVC filters and reviews the management of two cases of filter-related complications.
authors.affiliation: Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Lazar
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Milovanovic
authors.affiliation: Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Sean A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Kennedy
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Imaging, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Mehran
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Midia
keywords: IVC filter; deep vein thrombosis; filter complication; interventional radiology; pulmonary embolism