title: [Characterization, influence and manipulation of the gastrointestinal microbiota in health and disease].
abstract: The gastrointestinal tract harbors trillions of microorganisms that are indispensable for health. The gastrointestinal microbiota can be studied using culture and molecular methods. The applications of massive sequencing are constantly increasing, due to their high yield, increasingly accessible costs, and the availability of free software for data analysis. The present article provides a detailed review of a large number of studies on the gastrointestinal microbiota and its influence on human health; particular emphasis is placed on the evidence suggesting a relationship between the gastrointestinal microbial ecosystem and diverse physiological and immune/inflammatory processes. Discussion of the articles analyzed combines a medical approach and current concepts of microbial molecular ecology. The present revision aims to be useful to those interested in the gastrointestinal microbiota and its possible alteration to maintain, re-establish and enhance health in the human host.
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, General Escobedo, Nuevo León, México; Grupo de investigación Ecobiología Médica, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, General Escobedo, Nuevo León, México. Electronic address: jose.garciamzc@uanl.edu.mx.
authors.forename: José F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: García-Mazcorro
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Gastroenterología y Departamento de Patología Clínica, Hospital Universitario «Dr. José Eleuterio González», Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México.
authors.forename: Elvira
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Garza-González
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, General Escobedo, Nuevo León, México; Grupo de investigación Ecobiología Médica, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, General Escobedo, Nuevo León, México; Departamento de Fisiología, Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, General Escobedo, Nuevo León, México.
authors.forename: Alicia G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Marroquín-Cardona
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación y Docencia en Ciencias de la Salud, Hospital Civil de Culiacán, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, México.
authors.forename: José L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Tamayo
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D000069467:Fecal Microbiota Transplantation; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006293:Health Promotion; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D007239:Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000382:microbiology; D007411:Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic / Q000382:microbiology; D008828:Microbiological Techniques; D008954:Models, Biological; D050177:Overweight / Q000382:microbiology; D056692:Prebiotics; D019936:Probiotics; D017640:Silicates / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D056692:Prebiotics; D017640:Silicates
keywords: ARN ribosomal; Enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal; Fecal transplantation; Gastrointestinal microbiota; Helicobacter pylori; Inflammatory bowel disease; Massive sequencing; Microbiota gastrointestinal; Obesidad; Obesity; Prebiotics; Prebióticos; Probiotics; Probióticos; Ribosomal RNA; Secuenciación masiva; Subunidad 16S; Subunit 16S; Trasplante fecal