title: Inflammasome control of viral infection.
abstract: The inflammasome is a caspase-1 containing complex that activates the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 and results in the proinflammatory cell death known as pyroptosis. Numerous recent publications have highlighted the importance of inflammasome activation in the control of virus infection. Inflammasome activation during viral infection is dependent on a variety of upstream receptors including the NOD-like receptor, RIG-I-like receptor and AIM2-like receptor families. Various receptors also function in inflammasome activation in different cellular compartments, including the cytoplasm and the nucleus. The effectiveness of inflammasomes at suppressing virus replication is highlighted by the prevalence and diversity of virus encoded inflammasome inhibitors. Also, the host has a myriad of regulatory mechanisms in place to prevent unwanted inflammasome activation and overt inflammation. Finally, recent reports begin to suggest that inflammasome activation and inflammasome modulation may have important clinical applications. Herein, we highlight recent advances and discuss potential future directions toward understanding the role of inflammasomes during virus infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, United States.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lupfer
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, United States.
authors.forename: Ankit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Malik
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, United States. Electronic address: Thirumala-Devi.Kanneganti@stjude.org.
authors.forename: Thirumala-Devi
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Kanneganti
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000071457:DEAD Box Protein 58; D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D058847:Inflammasomes / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D058847:Inflammasomes; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; C452820:RIGI protein, human; D000071457:DEAD Box Protein 58; D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases