title: Association of TLR1, TLR2, TLR4, TLR6, and TIRAP polymorphisms with disease susceptibility.
abstract: Toll like receptors (TLRs) play a crucial role in regulation of innate as well as adaptive immunity. TLRs recognize a distinct but limited repertoire of conserved microbial products. Ligand binding to TLRs activates the signaling cascade and results in activation of multiple inflammatory genes. Variation in this immune response is under genetic control. Polymorphisms in genes associated with inflammatory pathway especially influence the outcome of diseases. TLR2 makes heterodimer with TLR1 or TLR6 and recognizes a wide variety of microbial ligands. In this review, we summarize studies of polymorphisms in genes encoding TLR1, TLR2, TLR4, TLR6, and most polymorphic adaptor protein, Mal/TIRAP, revealing their effect on susceptibility to diseases.
authors.affiliation: Atta-ur-Rehman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12 Sector, Islamabad, Pakistan, mamoona786@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Mamoona
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Noreen
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arshad
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051194:Toll-Like Receptor 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051216:Toll-Like Receptor 6 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D008024:Ligands; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1; C434984:TIRAP protein, human; D051194:Toll-Like Receptor 1; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D051216:Toll-Like Receptor 6; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors