title: A case of mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma of the stomach with focal intestinal metaplasia and hypergastrinemia.
abstract: Among neuroendocrine neoplasms, mixed exocrine and endocrine characteristics with at least 30% of each component are classified into mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma (MANEC), according to the 2010 World Health Organization classification. We experienced a rare case of MANEC of the stomach with focal intestinal metaplasia and hypergastrinemia. A 76-year-old Japanese male was diagnosed as having gastric adenocarcinoma and underwent total gastrectomy. The pathologic diagnosis was MANEC of the stomach accompanied by unusual mucosal atrophy without Helicobacter pylori infection, the characteristics of which were different from both type A and type B atrophic gastritis. The patient has a history of long-term use of a proton pump inhibitor. Additional serum chemistry examination using preoperatively obtained plasma from the patient revealed hypergastrinemia. The mechanism of gastric MANEC carcinogenesis is still unclear, but that might be correlated with unusual intestinal metaplasia and hypergastrinemia in this case.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Surgery and.
authors.forename: Hayato
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamauchi
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sakurai
authors.forename: Nobuhiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nakazawa
authors.forename: Tomonori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tabe
authors.forename: Kana
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saitoh
authors.forename: Takaharu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukasawa
authors.forename: Shinsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kiriyama
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Naitoh
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kuwano
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology*; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D018278:Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology*; D005755:Gastrins / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008679:Metaplasia; D018193:Neoplasms, Complex and Mixed / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology*; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D005755:Gastrins
keywords: Hypergastrinemia; Intestinal metaplasia; Mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma; Proton pump inhibitor; Stomach