title: High-throughput characterization of small and large molecules using only a matrix and the vacuum of a mass spectrometer.
abstract: Matrix assisted ionization vacuum (MAIV) rapidly generates gas-phase analyte ions from subliming solid-phase matrix:analyte crystals for analysis by mass spectrometry (MS). Ionization from the solid-phase allows the use of a variety of surfaces for introducing matrix:analyte samples to the vacuum of a mass spectrometer, including common laboratory materials, such as disposable pipet tips, filter paper, tooth picks, and nylon mesh. MAIV is shown here to be capable of analyses as fast as 3 s per sample with achievable sensitivities in the low femtomole range. MAIV-MS coupled with ion mobility spectrometry (IMS)-MS and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) is shown to be especially powerful for analysis and characterization of a wide range of molecules ranging from small molecules such as drugs and metabolites (∼300 Da) to intact proteins (25.6 kDa). Automated sample introduction is demonstrated on two different commercial mass spectrometers using a programmable XYZ stage. A MAIV high-throughput nontargeted MS(E) approach is also demonstrated utilizing IMS for rapid characterization of small molecules and peptides from standard solutions, as well as drug spiked human urine.
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States.
authors.forename: Daniel W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Woodall
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States.
authors.forename: Beixi
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States.
authors.forename: Ellen D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Inutan
authors.affiliation: ‡Detroit Medical Center: Detroit Hospital (DMC), Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States.
authors.forename: Srinivas B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Narayan
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States.|§Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Trimpin
mesh_terms: D057166:High-Throughput Screening Assays; D006801:Humans; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000032:analysis*; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D014618:Vacuum
chemical_list: D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D011506:Proteins