title: Clinical implementation of integrated whole-genome copy number and mutation profiling for glioblastoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Multidimensional genotyping of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples has the potential to improve diagnostics and clinical trials for brain tumors, but prospective use in the clinical setting is not yet routine. We report our experience with implementing a multiplexed copy number and mutation-testing program in a diagnostic laboratory certified by the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments.
  
  
  METHODS
  We collected and analyzed clinical testing results from whole-genome array comparative genomic hybridization (OncoCopy) of 420 brain tumors, including 148 glioblastomas. Mass spectrometry-based mutation genotyping (OncoMap, 471 mutations) was performed on 86 glioblastomas.
  
  
  RESULTS
  OncoCopy was successful in 99% of samples for which sufficient DNA was obtained (n = 415). All clinically relevant loci for glioblastomas were detected, including amplifications (EGFR, PDGFRA, MET) and deletions (EGFRvIII, PTEN, 1p/19q). Glioblastoma patients ≤40 years old had distinct profiles compared with patients >40 years. OncoMap testing reliably identified mutations in IDH1, TP53, and PTEN. Seventy-seven glioblastoma patients enrolled on trials, of whom 51% participated in targeted therapeutic trials where multiplex data informed eligibility or outcomes. Data integration identified patients with complete tumor suppressor inactivation, albeit rarely (5% of patients) due to lack of whole-gene coverage in OncoMap.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combined use of multiplexed copy number and mutation detection from FFPE samples in the clinical setting can efficiently replace singleton tests for clinical diagnosis and prognosis in most settings. Our results support incorporation of these assays into clinical trials as integral biomarkers and their potential to impact interpretation of results. Limited tumor suppressor variant capture by targeted genotyping highlights the need for whole-gene sequencing in glioblastoma.
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: Shakti H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Ramkissoon
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: Wenya Linda
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Bi
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: Steven E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Schumacher
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: Lori A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Ramkissoon
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: Sam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haidar
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Knoff
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dubuc
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: Loreal
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: Margot
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Burns
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: Jane B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Cryan
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: Malak
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abedalthagafi
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: Yun Jee
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: Nikolaus
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Schultz
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Reardon
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: Eudocia Q
authors.initials: EQ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: Mikael L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Rinne
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: Andrew D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Norden
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: Lakshmi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nayak
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ruland
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: Lisa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Doherty
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: Debra C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: LaFrankie
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horvath
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: Ayal A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Aizer
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: Nils D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Arvold
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: Elizabeth B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Claus
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: Ossama
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Al-Mefty
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: Mark D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: Alexandra J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Golby
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: Ian F
authors.initials: IF
authors.lastname: Dunn
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: E Antonio
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Chiocca
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Trippa
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: Sandro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Santagata
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: Rebecca D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Folkerth
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kantoff
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: Barrett J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Rollins
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: Neal I
authors.initials: NI
authors.lastname: Lindeman
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.).
authors.forename: Patrick Y
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.) keith_ligon@dfci.harvard.edu brian_alexander@dfci.harvard.edu rameen_beroukhim@dfci.harvard.edu aligon@partners.org.
authors.forename: Azra H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Ligon
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.) keith_ligon@dfci.harvard.edu brian_alexander@dfci.harvard.edu rameen_beroukhim@dfci.harvard.edu aligon@partners.org.
authors.forename: Rameen
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Beroukhim
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.) keith_ligon@dfci.harvard.edu brian_alexander@dfci.harvard.edu rameen_beroukhim@dfci.harvard.edu aligon@partners.org.
authors.forename: Brian M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Alexander
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., L.A.R., S.H., D.K., Y.J.K., K.L.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.E.S., L.B., M.B., D.A.R., E.Q.L., M.L.R., A.D.N., L.N., S.R., L.M.D., D.C.L., P.K., B.J.R., P.Y.W., R.B., K.L.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.B., E.B.C, O.A.-M., M.D.J., A.J.G., I.F.D., E.A.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (L.T.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H., A.A.A., N.D.A., B.M.A.); Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.); Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (N.S.); Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.B.); Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.L.L.); Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (S.H.R., A.D., J.B.C., M.A., S.S., R.D.F., N.I.L., A.H.L., K.L.L.) keith_ligon@dfci.harvard.edu brian_alexander@dfci.harvard.edu rameen_beroukhim@dfci.harvard.edu aligon@partners.org.
authors.forename: Keith L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Ligon
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D055028:Comparative Genomic Hybridization; D056915:DNA Copy Number Variations; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study; D005838:Genotype; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007521:Isocitrate Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase / Q000235:genetics; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C495901:TP53 protein, human; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D007521:Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; C543588:IDH1 protein, human; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; C494929:PTEN protein, human
keywords: array CGH; clinical trials; genomics; genotyping; glioblastoma