title: The effects of creatine supplementation on thermoregulation and isokinetic muscular performance following acute (3-day) supplementation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of 3 d of creatine supplementation on thermoregulation and isokinetic muscular performance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen males performed two exercise bouts following 3 d of creatine supplementation and placebo. Subjects exercised for 60 min at 60-65% of VO2max in the heat followed by isokinetic muscular performance at 60, 180, and 300°·s(-1). Dependent variables for pre- and postexercise included nude body weight, urine specific gravity, and serum creatinine levels. Total body water, extracellular water and intracellular water were measured pre-exercise. Core temperature was assessed every 5 min during exercise. Peak torque and Fatigue Index were used to assess isokinetic muscular performance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Core temperature increased during the run for both conditions. Total body water and extracellular water were significantly greater (P<0.05) following creatine supplementation. No significant difference (P>0.05) was found between conditions for intracellular water, nude body weight, urine specific gravity, and serum creatinine. Pre-exercise scores for urine specific gravity and serum creatinine were significantly less (P<0.05) versus post-exercise. No significant differences (P>0.05) were found in peak torque values or Fatigue Index between conditions for each velocity. A significant (P<0.05) overall velocity effect was found for both flexion and extension. As velocity increased, mean peak torque values decreased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Three d of creatine supplementation does not affect thermoregulation during submaximal exercise in the heat and is not enough to elicit an ergogenic effect for isokinetic muscle performance following endurance activity.
authors.affiliation: Health and Human Performance Department, Plymouth State University, Plymouth, NH, USA - jmrosene2@gmail.com.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Rosene
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Matthews
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Mcbride
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Galla
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haun
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mcdonald
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gagne
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lea
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kasen
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Farias
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001833:Body Temperature Regulation; D001835:Body Weight; D003401:Creatine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D003681:Dehydration / Q000503:physiopathology*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005080:Exercise Test; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D019415:Torque
chemical_list: D003401:Creatine