title: Information seeking regarding tobacco and lung cancer: effects of seasonality.
abstract: This paper conducted one of the first comprehensive international Internet analyses of seasonal patterns in information seeking concerning tobacco and lung cancer. Search query data for the terms "tobacco" and "lung cancer" from January 2004 to January 2014 was collected from Google Trends. The relevant countries included the USA, Canada, the UK, Australia, and China. Two statistical approaches including periodogram and cross-correlation were applied to analyze seasonal patterns in the collected search trends and their associations. For these countries except China, four out of six cross-correlations of seasonal components of the search trends regarding tobacco were above 0.600. For these English-speaking countries, similar patterns existed in the data concerning lung cancer, and all cross-correlations between seasonal components of the search trends regarding tobacco and that regarding lung cancer were also above 0.700. Seasonal patterns widely exist in information seeking concerning tobacco and lung cancer on an international scale. The findings provide a piece of novel Internet-based evidence for the seasonality and health effects of tobacco use.
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Zhu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiaolong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Management Information Systems, The University of Arizona, Tucson, United States of America.
authors.forename: Daniel Dajun
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, United States of America.
authors.forename: Scott J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Leischow
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D057226:Information Seeking Behavior; D038622:Internationality; D020407:Internet; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology; D012621:Seasons; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D062789:Tobacco Products