title: The PR interval and QRS duration could be predictors of renal function decline.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previous studies have implicated PR interval (iPR) and QRS duration (dQRS) obtained by electrocardiography in independent predictors of cardiovascular disease, which often precedes renal dysfunction. The aim of this study was to examine whether iPR or dQRS could be a predictor of renal function decline in a community-based cohort.
  
  
  METHODS
  We enrolled 1149 healthy subjects, and retrospectively evaluated the relationships between iPR or dQRS and renal function decline, observation period of which was 3 years, and assessed whether iPR or dQRS could predict renal function decline.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The iPR (r=-0.102, p=0.0006) or dQRS (r=-0.097, p=0.0010) was negatively associated with a rate of decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Multiple regression analyses revealed that iPR (β=-0.095, p=0.0023) or dQRS (β=-0.069, p=0.0351) was an independent determinant of the rate of decline in eGFR after adjustment for covariates. Logistic regression analyses demonstrated that the longest iPR (odds ratios (OR), 2.03; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 1.49 to 2.76; p<0.0001) or dQRS (OR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.16 to 2.25; p=0.0043) tertile showed an increased OR for prevalence of the rate of decline in eGFR≤1 ml/min/1.73 m2/year compared to the shortest iPR or dQRS tertile after adjustment for covariates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The iPR and dQRS could be independent predictors of renal function decline in healthy subjects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Japan.
authors.forename: Saori
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Majima
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Japan.
authors.forename: Muhei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Oike Clinic, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Japan.
authors.forename: Takafumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Senmaru
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Japan.
authors.forename: Mai
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Asano
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Oike Clinic, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Toda
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Japan.
authors.forename: Yohei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Oda
authors.affiliation: Division of Metabolism, Nephrology and Rheumatology, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daini Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Goji
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Japan. Electronic address: sayarinapm@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Michiaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukui
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials; D000328:Adult; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006306:Health Surveys; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D007668:Kidney / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: Healthy subjects; PR interval; QRS duration; Renal function decline