title: Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) genital shedding in HSV-2-/HIV-1-co-infected women receiving effective combination antiretroviral therapy.
abstract: The dynamics of genital shedding of HSV-2 DNA was assessed in HIV-1-infected women taking combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). HIV-1 RNA, HIV-1 DNA and HSV DNA loads were measured during 12-18 months using frozen plasma, PBMC and cervicovaginal lavage samples from 22 HIV-1-infected women, including 17 women naive for antiretroviral therapy initiating cART and 5 women with virological failure switching to a new regimen. Nineteen (86%) women were HSV-2-seropositive. Among HSV-2-/HIV-1-co-infected women, HIV-1 RNA loads showed a rapid fall from baseline after one month of cART, in parallel in paired plasma and cervicovaginal secretions. In contrast, HIV-1 DNA loads did not show significant variations from baseline up to 18 months of treatment in both systemic and genital compartments. HSV DNA was detected at least once in 12 (63%) of 19 women during follow up: HSV-2 shedding in the genital compartment was observed in 11% of cervicovaginal samples at baseline and in 16% after initiating or switching cART. Cervicovaginal HIV-1 RNA loads were strongly associated with plasma HIV-1 RNA loads over time, but not with cervicovaginal HSV DNA loads. Reactivation of genital HSV-2 replication frequently occurred despite effective cART in HSV-2-/HIV-1-co-infected women. Genital HSV-2 replication under cART does not influence cervicovaginal HIV-1 RNA or DNA shedding.
authors.affiliation: Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France helene.pere@egp.aphp.fr.
authors.forename: Héléne
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Péré
authors.affiliation: Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Aida
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rascanu
authors.affiliation: AP-HP, Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Inserm U941, Hôpital Saint-Louis, and Université Paris Diderot (Paris VII), Paris, France.
authors.forename: Jérome
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: LeGoff
authors.affiliation: Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Mathieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matta
authors.affiliation: Models for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology, Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bois
authors.affiliation: Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Necker-Enfants Malades, Centre d'Infectiologie Necker-Pasteur, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Lortholary
authors.affiliation: INSERM U897, Epidémiologie, Biostatistiques, Bordeaux, France Université de Bordeaux, ISPED, Centre Inserm U897, Epidémiologioe, Biostatistiqyes, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Valériane
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Leroy
authors.affiliation: Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Fédération d'infectiologie, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Cochin-Pasteur, Inserm, CIC 1417, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Odile
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Launay
authors.affiliation: Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bélec
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D060085:Coinfection; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D018258:Herpesvirus 2, Human / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D019562:Viral Load; D017201:Virus Shedding
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D004279:DNA, Viral; D012367:RNA, Viral
keywords: AIDS; HIV; HSV; Herpes simplex; antiretroviral therapy; cervicovaginal secretions; genital tract; sexually transmitted infection; viral shedding; women