title: Supervised exercise training reduces oxidative stress and cardiometabolic risk in adults with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: To evaluate the effects of supervised exercise training (SET) on cardiometabolic risk, cardiorespiratory fitness and oxidative stress status in 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), twenty male subjects with T2DM were randomly assigned to an intervention group, which performed SET in a hospital-based setting, and to a control group. SET consisted of a 12-month supervised aerobic, resistance and flexibility training. A reference group of ten healthy male subjects was also recruited for baseline evaluation only. Participants underwent medical examination, biochemical analyses and cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Oxidative stress markers (1-palmitoyl-2-[5-oxovaleroyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine [POVPC]; 1-palmitoyl-2-glutaroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine [PGPC]) were measured in plasma and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. All investigations were carried out at baseline and after 12 months. SET yielded a significant modification (p < 0.05) in the following parameters: V'O₂max (+14.4%), gas exchange threshold (+23.4%), waist circumference (-1.4%), total cholesterol (-14.6%), LDL cholesterol (-20.2%), fasting insulinemia (-48.5%), HOMA-IR (-52.5%), plasma POVPC (-27.9%) and PGPC (-31.6%). After 12 months, the control group presented a V'O₂max and a gas exchange threshold significantly lower than the intervention group. Plasma POVC and PGPC were significantly different from healthy subjects before the intervention, but not after. In conclusion, SET was effective in improving cardiorespiratory fitness, cardiometabolic risk and oxidative stress status in T2DM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vinetti
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mozzini
authors.affiliation: Diabetology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili di Brescia, Montichiari, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Desenzani
authors.affiliation: 1st Division of General Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Boni
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bulla
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
authors.forename: Isabella
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lorenzetti
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Romano
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pasini
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: Luciano
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cominacini
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
authors.forename: Deodato
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Assanelli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001835:Body Weight; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000032:analysis; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D005080:Exercise Test; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010742:Phospholipid Ethers / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: C400184:1-palmitoyl-2-(5-oxovaleroyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine; C400185:1-palmitoyl-2-glutaroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D010742:Phospholipid Ethers; D002784:Cholesterol