title: Sulfoquinovosylacylpropanediol is a novel potent radiosensitizer in prostate cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effects of combined treatment with sulfoquinovosylacylpropanediol and X-ray irradiation on the remodeling of the prostate cancer microenvironment, including angiogenic and hypoxic characteristics.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human prostate cancer cells (DU145 and PC3) were implanted subcutaneously into the right hind legs of athymic nude mice. After the tumor volume reached 100-300mm(3) , 2mg/kg/day sulfoquinovosylacylpropanediol was given intravenously from day0 to day4, and cells were exposed to 4Gy X-ray irradiation on days0 and 3 (for a total of 8Gy). Tumors were fixed and stained for pathological analyses and immunohistochemical evaluations. To analyze vascular normalization, 60mg/kg pimonidazole dissolved in saline was injected intraperitoneally.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Combined treatment with sulfoquinovosylacylpropanediol plus X-ray irradiation enhanced growth inhibition in DU145 xenografts. The tumor vessel density in DU145 cells significantly decreased after the combined treatment. Staining for αsmooth muscle actin in vessels was significantly increased. Pimonidazole staining, showing hypoxic lesions, was negative from 72h, but positive at 6 and 24h after the first combined treatment. In contrast, no enhancement of the microenvironment in PC3 xenografts was observed with sulfoquinovosylacylpropanediol plus X-ray irradiation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sulfoquinovosylacylpropanediol could be a novel potent radiosensitizing agent targeting angiogenesis in prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yugo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sawada
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Omoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kohei
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Kengo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakaguchi
authors.affiliation: Oral Radiation Oncology, Department of Oral Restitution, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazunari
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanabe
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D006017:Glycolipids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D006017:Glycolipids; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents; C000605760:sulfoquinovosylacylpropanediol
keywords: oxygenation; prostate cancer; radiation therapy; radiosensitizer; vascular normalization