title: Post-first-line FOLFOX chemotherapy for grade 3 neuroendocrine carcinoma.
abstract: There is no standard for second-line chemotherapy in poorly differentiated grade 3 neuroendocrine carcinoma (G3-NEC) patients. We analyzed the antitumor efficacy of 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) chemotherapy in this population. A single-center retrospective analysis of consecutive G3-NEC patients treated with FOLFOX chemotherapy after failure of a cisplatinum-based regimen between December 2003 and June 2012 was performed. Progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), response rate, and safety were assessed according to RECIST 1.1 and NCI.CTC v4 criteria. Twenty consecutive patients were included (seven males and 13 females; median age 55; range 23-87 years) with a performance status of 0-1 in 75% of them. Primary location was gastroenteropancreatic in 12, thoracic in four, other in two, and unknown in two patients. There were 12 (65%) large-cell and 7 (30%) small-cell G3-NEC tumors, and 1 (5%) unknown. All patients had distant metastases. Twelve (60%) patients received FOLFOX as second-line treatment and 8 (40%) as third-line treatment or later and the median number of administered cycles was 6 (range 3-14). The median follow-up was 19 months. Median PFS was 4.5 months. Among the 17 evaluable patients, five partial responses (29%), six stable diseases (35%), and six progressive diseases (35%) were observed. Median OS was 9.9 months. Main Grade 3-4 toxicities were neutropenia (35%), thrombopenia (20%), nausea/vomiting (10%), anemia (10%), and elevated liver transaminases (10%). Our results indicate that the FOLFOX regimen could be considered as a second-line option in poorly differentiated G3-NEC patients after cisplatinum-based first-line treatment but warrant further confirmation in future larger prospective studies.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine TumorsDigestive OncologyMedical Oncology (Thoracic Group)PathologyRadiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceCentre Antoine LacassagneCLCC, 33, Avenue de Valombrose, F-06189 Nice, FranceDepartment of Urologic OncologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyHôpital Saint Louis - APHP, 1, Avenue Claude-Vellefaux, F-75010 Paris, FranceDepartment of Biostatistics and EpidemiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceFaculté de MédecineParis-Sud University, F-94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hadoux
authors.affiliation: Departments of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine TumorsDigestive OncologyMedical Oncology (Thoracic Group)PathologyRadiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceCentre Antoine LacassagneCLCC, 33, Avenue de Valombrose, F-06189 Nice, FranceDepartment of Urologic OncologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyHôpital Saint Louis - APHP, 1, Avenue Claude-Vellefaux, F-75010 Paris, FranceDepartment of Biostatistics and EpidemiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceFaculté de MédecineParis-Sud University, F-94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Malka
authors.affiliation: Departments of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine TumorsDigestive OncologyMedical Oncology (Thoracic Group)PathologyRadiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceCentre Antoine LacassagneCLCC, 33, Avenue de Valombrose, F-06189 Nice, FranceDepartment of Urologic OncologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyHôpital Saint Louis - APHP, 1, Avenue Claude-Vellefaux, F-75010 Paris, FranceDepartment of Biostatistics and EpidemiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceFaculté de MédecineParis-Sud University, F-94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Planchard
authors.affiliation: Departments of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine TumorsDigestive OncologyMedical Oncology (Thoracic Group)PathologyRadiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceCentre Antoine LacassagneCLCC, 33, Avenue de Valombrose, F-06189 Nice, FranceDepartment of Urologic OncologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyHôpital Saint Louis - APHP, 1, Avenue Claude-Vellefaux, F-75010 Paris, FranceDepartment of Biostatistics and EpidemiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceFaculté de MédecineParis-Sud University, F-94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.
authors.forename: J Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Scoazec
authors.affiliation: Departments of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine TumorsDigestive OncologyMedical Oncology (Thoracic Group)PathologyRadiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceCentre Antoine LacassagneCLCC, 33, Avenue de Valombrose, F-06189 Nice, FranceDepartment of Urologic OncologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyHôpital Saint Louis - APHP, 1, Avenue Claude-Vellefaux, F-75010 Paris, FranceDepartment of Biostatistics and EpidemiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceFaculté de MédecineParis-Sud University, F-94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Caramella
authors.affiliation: Departments of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine TumorsDigestive OncologyMedical Oncology (Thoracic Group)PathologyRadiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceCentre Antoine LacassagneCLCC, 33, Avenue de Valombrose, F-06189 Nice, FranceDepartment of Urologic OncologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyHôpital Saint Louis - APHP, 1, Avenue Claude-Vellefaux, F-75010 Paris, FranceDepartment of Biostatistics and EpidemiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceFaculté de MédecineParis-Sud University, F-94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guigay
authors.affiliation: Departments of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine TumorsDigestive OncologyMedical Oncology (Thoracic Group)PathologyRadiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceCentre Antoine LacassagneCLCC, 33, Avenue de Valombrose, F-06189 Nice, FranceDepartment of Urologic OncologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyHôpital Saint Louis - APHP, 1, Avenue Claude-Vellefaux, F-75010 Paris, FranceDepartment of Biostatistics and EpidemiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceFaculté de MédecineParis-Sud University, F-94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Boige
authors.affiliation: Departments of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine TumorsDigestive OncologyMedical Oncology (Thoracic Group)PathologyRadiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceCentre Antoine LacassagneCLCC, 33, Avenue de Valombrose, F-06189 Nice, FranceDepartment of Urologic OncologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyHôpital Saint Louis - APHP, 1, Avenue Claude-Vellefaux, F-75010 Paris, FranceDepartment of Biostatistics and EpidemiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceFaculté de MédecineParis-Sud University, F-94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Leboulleux
authors.affiliation: Departments of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine TumorsDigestive OncologyMedical Oncology (Thoracic Group)PathologyRadiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceCentre Antoine LacassagneCLCC, 33, Avenue de Valombrose, F-06189 Nice, FranceDepartment of Urologic OncologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyHôpital Saint Louis - APHP, 1, Avenue Claude-Vellefaux, F-75010 Paris, FranceDepartment of Biostatistics and EpidemiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceFaculté de MédecineParis-Sud University, F-94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Burtin
authors.affiliation: Departments of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine TumorsDigestive OncologyMedical Oncology (Thoracic Group)PathologyRadiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceCentre Antoine LacassagneCLCC, 33, Avenue de Valombrose, F-06189 Nice, FranceDepartment of Urologic OncologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyHôpital Saint Louis - APHP, 1, Avenue Claude-Vellefaux, F-75010 Paris, FranceDepartment of Biostatistics and EpidemiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceFaculté de MédecineParis-Sud University, F-94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berdelou
authors.affiliation: Departments of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine TumorsDigestive OncologyMedical Oncology (Thoracic Group)PathologyRadiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceCentre Antoine LacassagneCLCC, 33, Avenue de Valombrose, F-06189 Nice, FranceDepartment of Urologic OncologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyHôpital Saint Louis - APHP, 1, Avenue Claude-Vellefaux, F-75010 Paris, FranceDepartment of Biostatistics and EpidemiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceFaculté de MédecineParis-Sud University, F-94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Loriot
authors.affiliation: Departments of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine TumorsDigestive OncologyMedical Oncology (Thoracic Group)PathologyRadiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceCentre Antoine LacassagneCLCC, 33, Avenue de Valombrose, F-06189 Nice, FranceDepartment of Urologic OncologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyHôpital Saint Louis - APHP, 1, Avenue Claude-Vellefaux, F-75010 Paris, FranceDepartment of Biostatistics and EpidemiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceFaculté de MédecineParis-Sud University, F-94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Duvillard
authors.affiliation: Departments of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine TumorsDigestive OncologyMedical Oncology (Thoracic Group)PathologyRadiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceCentre Antoine LacassagneCLCC, 33, Avenue de Valombrose, F-06189 Nice, FranceDepartment of Urologic OncologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyHôpital Saint Louis - APHP, 1, Avenue Claude-Vellefaux, F-75010 Paris, FranceDepartment of Biostatistics and EpidemiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceFaculté de MédecineParis-Sud University, F-94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.
authors.forename: C N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Chougnet
authors.affiliation: Departments of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine TumorsDigestive OncologyMedical Oncology (Thoracic Group)PathologyRadiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceCentre Antoine LacassagneCLCC, 33, Avenue de Valombrose, F-06189 Nice, FranceDepartment of Urologic OncologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyHôpital Saint Louis - APHP, 1, Avenue Claude-Vellefaux, F-75010 Paris, FranceDepartment of Biostatistics and EpidemiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceFaculté de MédecineParis-Sud University, F-94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Déandréis
authors.affiliation: Departments of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine TumorsDigestive OncologyMedical Oncology (Thoracic Group)PathologyRadiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceCentre Antoine LacassagneCLCC, 33, Avenue de Valombrose, F-06189 Nice, FranceDepartment of Urologic OncologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyHôpital Saint Louis - APHP, 1, Avenue Claude-Vellefaux, F-75010 Paris, FranceDepartment of Biostatistics and EpidemiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceFaculté de MédecineParis-Sud University, F-94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schlumberger
authors.affiliation: Departments of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine TumorsDigestive OncologyMedical Oncology (Thoracic Group)PathologyRadiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceCentre Antoine LacassagneCLCC, 33, Avenue de Valombrose, F-06189 Nice, FranceDepartment of Urologic OncologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyHôpital Saint Louis - APHP, 1, Avenue Claude-Vellefaux, F-75010 Paris, FranceDepartment of Biostatistics and EpidemiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceFaculté de MédecineParis-Sud University, F-94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France Departments of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine TumorsDigestive OncologyMedical Oncology (Thoracic Group)PathologyRadiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceCentre Antoine LacassagneCLCC, 33, Avenue de Valombrose, F-06189 Nice, FranceDepartment of Urologic OncologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyHôpital Saint Louis - APHP, 1, Avenue Claude-Vellefaux, F-75010 Paris, FranceDepartment of Biostatistics and EpidemiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceFaculté de MédecineParis-Sud University, F-94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Borget
authors.affiliation: Departments of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine TumorsDigestive OncologyMedical Oncology (Thoracic Group)PathologyRadiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceCentre Antoine LacassagneCLCC, 33, Avenue de Valombrose, F-06189 Nice, FranceDepartment of Urologic OncologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyHôpital Saint Louis - APHP, 1, Avenue Claude-Vellefaux, F-75010 Paris, FranceDepartment of Biostatistics and EpidemiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceFaculté de MédecineParis-Sud University, F-94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France Departments of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine TumorsDigestive OncologyMedical Oncology (Thoracic Group)PathologyRadiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceCentre Antoine LacassagneCLCC, 33, Avenue de Valombrose, F-06189 Nice, FranceDepartment of Urologic OncologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyHôpital Saint Louis - APHP, 1, Avenue Claude-Vellefaux, F-75010 Paris, FranceDepartment of Biostatistics and EpidemiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceFaculté de MédecineParis-Sud University, F-94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ducreux
authors.affiliation: Departments of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine TumorsDigestive OncologyMedical Oncology (Thoracic Group)PathologyRadiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceCentre Antoine LacassagneCLCC, 33, Avenue de Valombrose, F-06189 Nice, FranceDepartment of Urologic OncologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyHôpital Saint Louis - APHP, 1, Avenue Claude-Vellefaux, F-75010 Paris, FranceDepartment of Biostatistics and EpidemiologyGustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94800 Villejuif Cedex, FranceFaculté de MédecineParis-Sud University, F-94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France eric.baudin@gustaveroussy.fr.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Baudin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018278:Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D002955:Leucovorin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds; D002955:Leucovorin; D005472:Fluorouracil
keywords: FOLFOX; grade 3; neuroendocrine carcinoma; oxaliplatin; poorly differentiated neuroendocrine tumor; second-line chemotherapy