title: Antithrombotic effects of the effective components group of Xiaoshuantongluo formula in vivo and in vitro.
abstract: The present study was designed to investigate the antithrombotic effects and underlying mechanisms of the effective components group (ECG) of Xiaoshuantongluo recipe (XECG) and to further verify the rationality and feasibility of ECG-guided methodology in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) research. The arterial thrombosis model induced by ferric chloride (FeCl3) oxidation and the venous thrombosis model induced by inferior vena cava ligation were established to evaluate the antithrombotic potential of XECG. Our results indicated that XECG significantly prolonged the time to occlusion, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and prothrombin time (PT), and markedly inhibited adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced platelet aggregation in the 20% FeCl3-induced arterial thrombosis model. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was significantly increased and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) were dramatically decreased in the plasma of arterial thrombosis rats after XECG treatment for 12 days. Furthermore, XECG markedly reduced the weight of thrombus formed by inferior vena cava ligation. Additionally, XECG exhibited 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity and protective effect on mitochondrial lipid peroxidation. In summary, XECG played an important role in the prevention of thrombosis through interacting with multiple targets, including inhibition of platelet aggregation and coagulation and repression of oxidative stress. The ECG-guided methodology was validated as a feasible tool in TCM research.
authors.affiliation: Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266011, China; Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266011, China.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Institute, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Bin
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.affiliation: Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266011, China.
authors.forename: Shao-Hua
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Pharmaceutical Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China. Electronic address: dugh@imm.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Guan-Hua
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: DU
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects; D011517:Prothrombin Time; D051381:Rats; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase
keywords: Effective components group; Oxidative stress; Platelet aggregation; Radical scavenging; Thrombosis; Traditional Chinese medicine