title: The "Thinking a Lot" Idiom of Distress and PTSD: An Examination of Their Relationship among Traumatized Cambodian Refugees Using the "Thinking a Lot" Questionnaire.
abstract: "Thinking a lot" (TAL)—also referred to as "thinking too much"—is a key complaint in many cultural contexts, and the current article profiles this idiom of distress among Cambodian refugees. The article also proposes a general model of how TAL generates various types of distress that then cause PTSD-type psychopathology, a model we refer to as the TAL-PTSD model. As tested in this Cambodian refugee sample, the model is supported by the following: (1) the close connection of TAL to PTSD as shown by odds ratio (OR = 19.6), correlation (r = .86), and factor loading; and (2) the mediation of most of the effect of TAL on PTSD by TAL-caused somatic symptoms, catastrophic cognitions, trauma recall, insomnia, and irritability. The questionnaire used in the present study is provided and can be used to examine TAL in other cultural and global contexts to advance the study of this commonly encountered distress form.
authors.affiliation: Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School. devon_hinton@hms.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Devon E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Hinton
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center Amsterdam Institute for Social Science Research, University of Amsterdam, The Children's Institute, University of Cape Town.
authors.forename: Ria
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.affiliation: Amsterdam Institute for Social Science Research, University of Amsterdam.
authors.forename: Joop
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de Jong
mesh_terms: D002160:Cambodia; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012036:Refugees / Q000523:psychology*; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013850:Thinking