title: Comparing the Effects of Whey Extract and Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (CPP-ACP) on Enamel Microhardness.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  With the recent focus of researches on the development of non-invasive treatment modalities, the non-invasive treatment of early carious lesions by remineralization would bring a major advance in the clinical management of these dental defects. Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) is considered to be effective in tooth remineralization.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this in-vitro study was to compare the effects of whey and CPP-ACP in increasing the enamel microhardness.
  
  
  METHODS
  Microhardness of 30 sound human permanent premolars was measured before and after 8-minute immersion of samples in Coca-Cola. The teeth were then randomly divided into 3 groups and were immersed in artificial saliva, whey, and tooth mousse for 10 minutes. The changes of microhardness within each group and among the groups were recorded and analyzed using paired t-test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The microhardness increased in each group and between the groups; this increase was statistically significant (p= 0.009).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The effect of whey on increasing the enamel microhardness was more than that of tooth mousse.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Reparative Dentistry, Dental School, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Bagher
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Rezvani
authors.affiliation: PHD Traditional Medicine, Traditional Medicine School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mehrdad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karimi
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Pediatric Dentistry, Dental School, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Raheleh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Akhavan Rasoolzade
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Pediatric Dentistry, Dental School, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Roza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Haghgoo
keywords: Demineralization; Extracts; Microhardness; Remineralization; Whey