title: Magnetic resonance imaging with superparamagnetic iron oxide fails to track the long-term fate of mesenchymal stem cells transplanted into heart.
abstract: MRI for in vivo stem cell tracking remains controversial. Here we tested the hypothesis that MRI can track the long-term fate of the superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles labelled mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) following intramyocardially injection in AMI rats. MSCs (1 × 10(6)) from male rats doubly labeled with SPIO and DAPI were injected 2 weeks after myocardial infarction. The control group received cell-free media injection. In vivo serial MRI was performed at 24 hours before cell delivery (baseline), 3 days, 1, 2, and 4 weeks after cell delivery, respectively. Serial follow-up MRI demonstrated large persistent intramyocardial signal-voids representing SPIO during the follow-up of 4 weeks, and MSCs did not moderate the left ventricular dysfunction. The TUNEL analysis confirmed that MSCs engrafted underwent apoptosis. The histopathological studies revealed that the site of cell injection was infiltrated by inflammatory cells progressively and the iron-positive cells were macrophages identified by CD68 staining, but very few or no DAPI-positive stem cells at 4 weeks after cells transplantation. The presence of engrafted cells was confirmed by real-time PCR, which showed that the amount of Y-chromosome-specific SRY gene was consistent with the results. MRI may not reliably track the long-term fate of SPIO-labeled MSCs engraftment in heart.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College.
authors.forename: Huaibing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College.
authors.forename: Minjie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College.
authors.forename: Qiong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College.
authors.forename: Xiuyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Comparative Medical Center, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) and Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS).
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Comparative Medical Center, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) and Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS).
authors.forename: Lianfeng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Core Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College.
authors.forename: Xianmin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Experimental Animal Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College.
authors.forename: Shihua
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D058948:Cell Tracking; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008264:Macrophages / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D008297:Male; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D051381:Rats; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left
chemical_list: D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles