title: Increased VGLUT3 involved in visceral hyperalgesia in a rat model of irritable bowel syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the activity of vesicular glutamate transporter-3 (VGLUT3) in a visceral hyperalgesia rat model of irritable bowel syndrome, and the role of mast cells (MCs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Transient intestinal infection was induced by oral administration of Trichinella spiralis larvae in rats. On the 100(th) day post-infection (PI), the rats were divided into an acute cold restraint stress (ACRS) group and a non-stressed group. Age-matched untreated rats served as controls. The abdominal withdrawal reflex was used to measure the visceromotor response to colorectal distension (CRD). The expression levels of VGLUT3 in peripheral and central neurons were analyzed by immunofluorescence and western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  VGLUT3 expression in the L6S1 dorsal root ganglion cells was significantly higher in the PI group than in the control group (0.32 ± 0.009 vs 0.22 ± 0.008, P < 0.01), and there was no significant difference in the expression of VGLUT3 between MC-deficient rats and their normal wild-type littermates. Immunofluorescence showed that the expression levels of VGLUT3 in PI + ACRS rats were enhanced in the prefrontal cortex of the brain compared with the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VGLUT3 is involved in the pathogenesis of visceral hyperalgesia. Coexpression of c-fos, 5-hydroxytryptamine and VGLUT3 after CRD was observed in associated neuronal pathways. Increased VGLUT3 induced by transient intestinal infection was found in peripheral nerves, and was independent of MCs. Moreover, the expression of VGLUT3 was enhanced in the prefrontal cortex in rats with induced infection and stress.
authors.affiliation: Chang-Qing Yang, Pei-Tang Qiao, Li Zhao, Li-Li Guo, Department of Gastroenterology, Peace Hospital, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, Shanxi Province, China.
authors.forename: Chang-Qing
authors.initials: CQ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Chang-Qing Yang, Pei-Tang Qiao, Li Zhao, Li-Li Guo, Department of Gastroenterology, Peace Hospital, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, Shanxi Province, China.
authors.forename: Li-Ping
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: Chang-Qing Yang, Pei-Tang Qiao, Li Zhao, Li-Li Guo, Department of Gastroenterology, Peace Hospital, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, Shanxi Province, China.
authors.forename: Pei-Tang
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.affiliation: Chang-Qing Yang, Pei-Tang Qiao, Li Zhao, Li-Li Guo, Department of Gastroenterology, Peace Hospital, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, Shanxi Province, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Chang-Qing Yang, Pei-Tang Qiao, Li Zhao, Li-Li Guo, Department of Gastroenterology, Peace Hospital, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, Shanxi Province, China.
authors.forename: Li-Li
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000503:physiopathology; D000818:Animals; D003106:Colon / Q000294:innervation*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006930:Hyperalgesia / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007103:Immobilization; D043183:Irritable Bowel Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D017288:Pain Threshold; D010525:Peripheral Nerves / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011312:Pressure; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D017160:Trichinella spiralis / Q000472:pathogenicity; D014235:Trichinellosis / Q000469:parasitology; D015854:Up-Regulation; D050496:Vesicular Glutamate Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D059265:Visceral Pain / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; C482103:Slc17a8 protein, rat; D050496:Vesicular Glutamate Transport Proteins; D012701:Serotonin
keywords: Infection; Irritable bowel syndrome; Mast cell; Neuron; Stress; Vesicular glutamate transporter-3