title: Long-term lung transplantation in nonhuman primates.
abstract: Despite advances in surgical technique and clinical care, lung transplantation still remains a short-term solution for the treatment of end-stage lung disease. To date, there has been limited experience in experimental lung transplantation using nonhuman primate models. Therefore, we have endeavored to develop a long-term, nonhuman primate model of orthotopic lung transplantation for the ultimate purpose of designing protocols to induce tolerance of lung grafts. Here, we report our initial results in developing this model and our observation that the nonhuman primate lung is particularly prone to rejection. This propensity toward rejection may be a consequence of 1) upregulated nonspecific inflammation, and 2) a larger number of pre-existing alloreactive memory T cells, leading to augmented deleterious immune responses. Our data show that triple-drug immunosuppression mimicking clinical practice is not sufficient to prevent acute rejection in nonhuman primate lung transplantation. The addition of horse-derived anti-thymocyte globulin and a monoclonal antibody to the IL-6 receptor allowed six out of six lung recipients to be free of rejection for over 120 days.
authors.affiliation: MGH Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aoyama
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tonsho
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Millington
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Nadazdin
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Wain
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Cosimi
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Sachs
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Colvin
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawai
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Madsen
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Benichou
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Allan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000961:Antilymphocyte Serum / Q000737:chemistry; D006650:Histocompatibility Testing; D006736:Horses; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D007156:Immunologic Memory / Q000276:immunology; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D016040:Lung Transplantation; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D008285:Major Histocompatibility Complex; D023421:Models, Animal; D019947:Receptors, Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
chemical_list: D000961:Antilymphocyte Serum; D019947:Receptors, Interleukin-6
keywords: Immunosuppressant; animal models: nonhuman primate; basic (laboratory) research/science; fusion proteins and monoclonal antibodies; immunosuppressant; lung transplantation/pulmonology; polyclonal preparations