title: Introgression of leginsulin, a cysteine-rich protein, and high-protein trait from an Asian soybean plant introduction genotype into a North American experimental soybean line.
abstract: Soybean is an important protein source for both humans and animals. However, soybean proteins are relatively poor in the sulfur-containing amino acids, cysteine and methionine. Improving the content of endogenous proteins rich in sulfur-containing amino acids could enhance the nutritive value of soybean meal. Leginsulin, a cysteine-rich peptide, predominantly accumulates in Asian soybean accessions but not in most North American cultivars. By screening diverse soybean accessions from the USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, we were able to identify one plant introduction, PI 427138, as a high-protein line with relatively high amounts of both elemental sulfur and leginsulin. We introgressed these desirable traits from PI 427138 into an experimental line with the aim of improving the overall protein content and quality of seed proteins. Biochemical characterization of inbred progenies from the cross of LD00-3309 with PI 427138 grown at six locations revealed stable ingression of high protein, high elemental sulfur, and high leginsulin accumulation. Comparison of soybean seed proteins resolved by high-resolution 2-D gel electrophoresis in combination with Delta2D image analysis software revealed preferential accumulation of a few glycinin subunits contributed to the increased protein content in the introgressed lines. Amino acid analysis revealed that even though the leginsulin introgressed lines had higher protein, leginsulin, and elemental sulfur, the overall concentration of sulfur-containing amino acids was not significantly altered when compared with the parental lines. The experimental soybean lines developed during this study (Leg-3, Leg-7, and Leg-8) lack A5, A4, and B3 glycinin subunits and could be utilized in breeding programs to develop high-quality tofu cultivars.
authors.affiliation: †Plant Genetics Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States.
authors.forename: Hari B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Krishnan
authors.affiliation: ‡Plant Science Division, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States.
authors.forename: Won-Seok
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: †Plant Genetics Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States.
authors.forename: Nathan W
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Oehrle
authors.affiliation: ‡Plant Science Division, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States.|§King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Alaa A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Alaswad
authors.affiliation: #Plant Genetics Research Unit, Donald Danforth Plant Sciences Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, St. Louis, Missouri 63132, United States.
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Baxter
authors.affiliation: ‡Plant Science Division, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States.
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Wiebold
authors.affiliation: ⊥Soybean/Maize Germplasm, Pathology, and Genetics Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.
authors.forename: Randall L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Nelson
mesh_terms: D000418:Albumins; D001208:Asia; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003545:Cysteine / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D005838:Genotype; D007178:Inbreeding; D009656:North America; D009753:Nutritive Value; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013025:Glycine max / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000418:Albumins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; C089264:PA1 protein, Glycine max; D010940:Plant Proteins; D003545:Cysteine
keywords: cysteine; leginsulin; methionine; soybean; sulfur