title: Reshaping faecal gut microbiota composition by the intake of trans-resveratrol and quercetin in high-fat sucrose diet-fed rats.
abstract: Diet-induced obesity is associated to an imbalance in the normal gut microbiota composition. Resveratrol and quercetin, widely known for their health beneficial properties, have low bioavailability, and when they reach the colon, they are targets of the gut microbial ecosystem. Hence, the use of these molecules in obesity might be considered as a potential strategy to modulate intestinal bacterial composition. The purpose of this study was to determine whether trans-resveratrol and quercetin administration could counteract gut microbiota dysbiosis produced by high-fat sucrose diet (HFS) and, in turn, improve gut health. Wistar rats were randomised into four groups fed an HFS diet supplemented or not with trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day], quercetin (30 mg/kg BW/day) or a combination of both polyphenols at those doses. Administration of both polyphenols together prevented body weight gain and reduced serum insulin levels. Moreover, individual supplementation of trans-resveratrol and quercetin effectively reduced serum insulin levels and insulin resistance. Quercetin supplementation generated a great impact on gut microbiota composition at different taxonomic levels, attenuating Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and inhibiting the growth of bacterial species previously associated to diet-induced obesity (Erysipelotrichaceae, Bacillus, Eubacterium cylindroides). Overall, the administration of quercetin was found to be effective in lessening HFS-diet-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis. In contrast, trans-resveratrol supplementation alone or in combination with quercetin scarcely modified the profile of gut bacteria but acted at the intestinal level, altering the mRNA expression of tight-junction proteins and inflammation-associated genes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea St. E-31008 Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Etxeberria
authors.affiliation: Nutrition and Obesity group, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria, Spain; Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, CIBERobn, Carlos III Health Research Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Arias
authors.affiliation: Nutrition and Health Research Group, Technological Center of Nutrition and Health (CTNS), TECNIO, CEIC S. Avinguda Universitat 1, 43204 Reus, Spain.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Boqué
authors.affiliation: Nutrition and Obesity group, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria, Spain; Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, CIBERobn, Carlos III Health Research Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Macarulla
authors.affiliation: Nutrition and Obesity group, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria, Spain; Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, CIBERobn, Carlos III Health Research Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Portillo
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea St. E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, CIBERobn, Carlos III Health Research Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: jalfmtz@unav.es.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea St. E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, CIBERobn, Carlos III Health Research Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: F I
authors.initials: FI
authors.lastname: Milagro
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001407:Bacillus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D041963:Bacteroidetes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000378:metabolism; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology*; D000068536:Bacillota / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000382:microbiology*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D009765:Obesity / Q000382:microbiology; D011794:Quercetin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000077185:Resveratrol; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013395:Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D013267:Stilbenes; D013395:Sucrose; D011794:Quercetin; D000077185:Resveratrol
keywords: Flavonol; Gut bacteria; Inflammation; Intestinal permeability; Obesity; Stilbene