title: Occurrence of Coxiella burnetii and Chlamydiales species in abortions of domestic ruminants and in wild ruminants in Hungary, Central Europe.
abstract: Coxiella burnetii and certain members of the Chlamydiales order are zoonotic, intracellular, Gram-negative bacteria, with abortigenic potential in ruminants. These pathogens have a broad host range and worldwide geographical distribution. The current study aimed to reveal the importance of C. burnetii and Chlamydiales spp. in abortions in domestic ruminants and their occurrence in wild ruminants with real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays, histology, and immunohistochemical staining (IHC). From the 111 abortion cases of domestic ruminants examined, C. burnetii was detected in 33 placenta samples (cattle, n = 22; sheep, n = 10; goat, n = 1), and members of the Chlamydiales order were detected in 32 placenta samples (cattle, n = 14; sheep, n = 16; goat, n = 2) using qPCR. Coinfection with both C. burnetii and Chlamydiales spp. were identified in 12 cases (cattle, n = 3; sheep, n = 8; goat, n = 1) out of the qPCR-positive samples. The presence of the relevant antigen was confirmed by IHC in 20 cases (C. burnetii, n = 2, in sheep; Chlamydiaceae, n = 17, in sheep [n = 15] and goat [n = 2]; and both pathogens in 1 sheep). Coxiella burnetii was identified in 2.2% (2/91) of the wild ruminants, but the samples were negative by IHC. Uncultured Chlamydiales spp. were detected in 4.4% (4/91) of the placenta samples by qPCR. In conclusion, Q fever is widespread among domestic ruminants in Hungary, and, in several cases, C. burnetii was implicated as the primary cause of abortions. Waddlia chondrophila, Parachlamydia spp., and uncultured Chlamydiales spp. were present only sporadically in samples from cattle and wild ruminants.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (Kreizinger, Sulyok, Szigeti, Tóbiás, Gyuranecz)Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budapest, Hungary (Szeredi, Bacsadi, Nemes)Kaposvár University, Kaposvár, Hungary (Sugár, Ács)Veterinary practitioners, Szombathely, Hungary (Varga)Institute of Veterinary Pathology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (Borel).
authors.forename: Zsuzsa
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kreizinger
authors.affiliation: Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (Kreizinger, Sulyok, Szigeti, Tóbiás, Gyuranecz)Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budapest, Hungary (Szeredi, Bacsadi, Nemes)Kaposvár University, Kaposvár, Hungary (Sugár, Ács)Veterinary practitioners, Szombathely, Hungary (Varga)Institute of Veterinary Pathology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (Borel).
authors.forename: Levente
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Szeredi
authors.affiliation: Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (Kreizinger, Sulyok, Szigeti, Tóbiás, Gyuranecz)Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budapest, Hungary (Szeredi, Bacsadi, Nemes)Kaposvár University, Kaposvár, Hungary (Sugár, Ács)Veterinary practitioners, Szombathely, Hungary (Varga)Institute of Veterinary Pathology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (Borel).
authors.forename: Árpád
authors.initials: Á
authors.lastname: Bacsadi
authors.affiliation: Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (Kreizinger, Sulyok, Szigeti, Tóbiás, Gyuranecz)Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budapest, Hungary (Szeredi, Bacsadi, Nemes)Kaposvár University, Kaposvár, Hungary (Sugár, Ács)Veterinary practitioners, Szombathely, Hungary (Varga)Institute of Veterinary Pathology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (Borel).
authors.forename: Csaba
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nemes
authors.affiliation: Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (Kreizinger, Sulyok, Szigeti, Tóbiás, Gyuranecz)Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budapest, Hungary (Szeredi, Bacsadi, Nemes)Kaposvár University, Kaposvár, Hungary (Sugár, Ács)Veterinary practitioners, Szombathely, Hungary (Varga)Institute of Veterinary Pathology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (Borel).
authors.forename: László
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sugár
authors.affiliation: Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (Kreizinger, Sulyok, Szigeti, Tóbiás, Gyuranecz)Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budapest, Hungary (Szeredi, Bacsadi, Nemes)Kaposvár University, Kaposvár, Hungary (Sugár, Ács)Veterinary practitioners, Szombathely, Hungary (Varga)Institute of Veterinary Pathology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (Borel).
authors.forename: Tamás
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Varga
authors.affiliation: Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (Kreizinger, Sulyok, Szigeti, Tóbiás, Gyuranecz)Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budapest, Hungary (Szeredi, Bacsadi, Nemes)Kaposvár University, Kaposvár, Hungary (Sugár, Ács)Veterinary practitioners, Szombathely, Hungary (Varga)Institute of Veterinary Pathology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (Borel).
authors.forename: Kinga M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Sulyok
authors.affiliation: Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (Kreizinger, Sulyok, Szigeti, Tóbiás, Gyuranecz)Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budapest, Hungary (Szeredi, Bacsadi, Nemes)Kaposvár University, Kaposvár, Hungary (Sugár, Ács)Veterinary practitioners, Szombathely, Hungary (Varga)Institute of Veterinary Pathology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (Borel).
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Szigeti
authors.affiliation: Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (Kreizinger, Sulyok, Szigeti, Tóbiás, Gyuranecz)Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budapest, Hungary (Szeredi, Bacsadi, Nemes)Kaposvár University, Kaposvár, Hungary (Sugár, Ács)Veterinary practitioners, Szombathely, Hungary (Varga)Institute of Veterinary Pathology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (Borel).
authors.forename: Kornél
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ács
authors.affiliation: Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (Kreizinger, Sulyok, Szigeti, Tóbiás, Gyuranecz)Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budapest, Hungary (Szeredi, Bacsadi, Nemes)Kaposvár University, Kaposvár, Hungary (Sugár, Ács)Veterinary practitioners, Szombathely, Hungary (Varga)Institute of Veterinary Pathology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (Borel).
authors.forename: Enikő
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tóbiás
authors.affiliation: Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (Kreizinger, Sulyok, Szigeti, Tóbiás, Gyuranecz)Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budapest, Hungary (Szeredi, Bacsadi, Nemes)Kaposvár University, Kaposvár, Hungary (Sugár, Ács)Veterinary practitioners, Szombathely, Hungary (Varga)Institute of Veterinary Pathology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (Borel).
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Borel
authors.affiliation: Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (Kreizinger, Sulyok, Szigeti, Tóbiás, Gyuranecz)Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budapest, Hungary (Szeredi, Bacsadi, Nemes)Kaposvár University, Kaposvár, Hungary (Sugár, Ács)Veterinary practitioners, Szombathely, Hungary (Varga)Institute of Veterinary Pathology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (Borel) m.gyuranecz@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Miklós
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gyuranecz
mesh_terms: D000034:Abortion, Veterinary / Q000382:microbiology; D000818:Animals; D000829:Animals, Domestic; D000835:Animals, Wild; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D002693:Chlamydiaceae; D002695:Chlamydiales / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D060085:Coinfection; D016997:Coxiella burnetii / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D015511:Goat Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D006041:Goats; D006814:Hungary / Q000453:epidemiology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000662:veterinary; D010920:Placenta / Q000382:microbiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011778:Q Fever / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial
keywords: Cattle; Hungary; Q fever; deer; goat; immunohistochemical staining; real-time polymerase chain reaction; sheep