title: Endoscopic resection using band ligation for esophageal SMT in less than 10 mm.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the safety and feasibility of endoscopic resection using band ligation (EMR-B) for the diagnostic and therapeutic removal of tumors located in the esophageal subepithelial region having originated from the submucosa.
  
  
  METHODS
  From May 2009 to September 2014, after medical chart and endoscopic ultrasonography report review, a total of 15 esophageal tumors located in the submucosal layer were resected by EMR-B. Previous symptom, location, pathology, complete resection rate, incidence of complications, incidence of minor complication, size, length of procedures time and follow up months were evaluated. To evaluate local recurrence at the resection site, periodic follow-up endoscopic examination was undertaken in all of the patients. The first endoscopic examination was performed about 6 mo after the endoscopic resection. Thereafter, the endoscopic follow up were scheduled annually.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age was 50.3 ± 9.67 years. The mean tumor size was 6.93 ± 3.15 mm and most of the lesions size was between 5-10 mm in diameter (10/15, 66.6%). In all patients, endoscopic en bloc resection was achieved. In one patient, the vertical margin was involved. The mean procedural time was 8.86 ± 3.66 min. In all patients, no evidence of severe complications such as perforation or bleeding occurred. Minor complications such as chest pain (2/15, 13.3%) and heartburn (3/15, 13.3%) were reported but they symptoms were controlled by proton pump inhibitors, ulcermin and/or analgesics. Histologic assessments of the removed specimens revealed 10 granular cell tumors (66.6%), 4 leiomyomas (16.6%) and one lipoma (6.6%). No recurrence was observed during the mean follow up period of 45 ± 3.5 mo (range: 5-64 mo).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EMR-B might be considered safe and effective for the diagnosis and treatment of lesions measuring less than 10 mm in diameter.
authors.affiliation: Joung Boom Hong, Cheol Woong Choi, Hyung Wook Kim, Dae Hwan Kang, Su Bum Park, Su Jin Kim, Dong Jun Kim, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Gyeongsangnam-do 626-770, South Korea.
authors.forename: Joung Boom
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Joung Boom Hong, Cheol Woong Choi, Hyung Wook Kim, Dae Hwan Kang, Su Bum Park, Su Jin Kim, Dong Jun Kim, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Gyeongsangnam-do 626-770, South Korea.
authors.forename: Cheol Woong
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Joung Boom Hong, Cheol Woong Choi, Hyung Wook Kim, Dae Hwan Kang, Su Bum Park, Su Jin Kim, Dong Jun Kim, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Gyeongsangnam-do 626-770, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hyung Wook
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Joung Boom Hong, Cheol Woong Choi, Hyung Wook Kim, Dae Hwan Kang, Su Bum Park, Su Jin Kim, Dong Jun Kim, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Gyeongsangnam-do 626-770, South Korea.
authors.forename: Dae Hwan
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Joung Boom Hong, Cheol Woong Choi, Hyung Wook Kim, Dae Hwan Kang, Su Bum Park, Su Jin Kim, Dong Jun Kim, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Gyeongsangnam-do 626-770, South Korea.
authors.forename: Su Bum
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Joung Boom Hong, Cheol Woong Choi, Hyung Wook Kim, Dae Hwan Kang, Su Bum Park, Su Jin Kim, Dong Jun Kim, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Gyeongsangnam-do 626-770, South Korea.
authors.forename: Su Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Joung Boom Hong, Cheol Woong Choi, Hyung Wook Kim, Dae Hwan Kang, Su Bum Park, Su Jin Kim, Dong Jun Kim, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Gyeongsangnam-do 626-770, South Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Jun
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019160:Endosonography; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016629:Esophagectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D004945:Esophagoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008026:Ligation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D047368:Tumor Burden
keywords: Band ligation; Endoscopic mucosal resection; Esophagus; Submucosal tumor; Ultrasonography