title: Toll-like receptor-1 and receptor-2 and Beta-defensin in postcholecystectomy bile duct injury.
abstract: Postcholecystectomy bile duct injuries (BDI) produce hepatic cholestasis and cause infection of the biliary tract. The biliary cells participate in secreting cytokines and in expression of immune response receptors. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) conduct signalling and activate the innate and adaptive inflammatory response. The objective was to determine the serum levels of TLR-2 and the expression of TLR-1 and TLR-2 and β-defensin in liver biopsies of postcholecystectomy BDI patients. A transverse, analytical study with 2 groups was done. One group included healthy volunteers (control group) and other included 25 postcholecystectomy BDI patients with complete biliary obstruction. Using the Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique, serum levels of TLR-2 were determined, and with immunofluorescence the morphologic analysis of TLR-1 and TLR-2 and β-defensin in liver biopsies of postcholecystectomy BDI patients was performed. The average TLR-2 serum level in the control group was 0.0 pg/mL and in the BDI group, 0.023 ± 0.0045 pg/mL (P < 0.0001, bilateral Mann Whitney U). Immunofluorescence was used to determine the expression in liver biopsies, blood vessels, bile ducts, and hepatic parenchyma where 12 hepatic biopsies were positive for TLR-1 with average of 3213057.74 ± 1071019.25 μm(2); and 7 biopsies were positive for β-defensin with an average of 730364.33 ± 210838.02 μm(2); and 6 biopsies positive for TLR-2, obtaining an average of 3354364.24 ± 838591.06 μm(2). In conclusion, TLR-1 and TLR-2 and β-defensin play an important role in the innate antimicrobial defense of the hepatobiliary system.
authors.affiliation: University Health Sciences Centre, University of Guadalajara, Avenida La Paz No. 2758, Colonia Arcos Sur, 44150 Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico.
authors.forename: Alejandra Guillermina
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Miranda-Díaz
authors.affiliation: University Health Sciences Centre, University of Guadalajara, Avenida La Paz No. 2758, Colonia Arcos Sur, 44150 Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico.
authors.forename: José Manuel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Hermosillo-Sandoval
authors.affiliation: University Health Sciences Centre, University of Guadalajara, Avenida La Paz No. 2758, Colonia Arcos Sur, 44150 Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico.
authors.forename: Martha Arisbeth
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Villanueva-Pérez
authors.affiliation: University Health Sciences Centre, University of Guadalajara, Avenida La Paz No. 2758, Colonia Arcos Sur, 44150 Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico.
authors.forename: Luis Miguel
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Román-Pintos
authors.affiliation: University Health Sciences Centre, University of Guadalajara, Avenida La Paz No. 2758, Colonia Arcos Sur, 44150 Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico.
authors.forename: Trinidad
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: García-Iglesias
authors.affiliation: University Health Sciences Centre, University of Guadalajara, Avenida La Paz No. 2758, Colonia Arcos Sur, 44150 Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico.
authors.forename: Adolfo Daniel
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Carrizalez
authors.affiliation: University Health Sciences Centre, University of Guadalajara, Avenida La Paz No. 2758, Colonia Arcos Sur, 44150 Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico.
authors.forename: Ernesto Germán
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Cardona-Muñoz