title: Meniere's disease: histopathology, cytochemistry, and imaging.
abstract: Meniere's disease is a poorly understood, disabling syndrome causing spells of vertigo, hearing fluctuation, tinnitus, and aural fullness. In this paper, we present a review of the histopathology, cytochemistry, and imaging of Meniere's disease. Histopathology is significant for neuroepithelial damage with hair cell loss, basement membrane thickening, and perivascular microvascular damage. Cytochemical alterations are significant for altered AQP4 and AQP6 expression in the supporting cell, and altered cochlin and mitochondrial protein expression. Current developments include imaging techniques to determine the degree and presence of endolymphatic hydrops, and future studies will endeavor to correlate the observance of hydrops with clinical findings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Reed Neurological Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Gail
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ishiyama
authors.forename: Ivan A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.forename: Ali R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Sepahdari
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ishiyama
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020346:Aquaporins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008575:Meniere Disease / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D014722:Vestibule, Labyrinth / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D020346:Aquaporins
keywords: MRI imaging; Meniere's disease; aquaporins; endolymphatic hydrops; inner ear; vestibular