title: [S2k guidelines of the German Society of Urology. Management and implementation of intermittent catheterization in neurogenic bladder dysfunction].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  As a considerable heterogeneity in the procedure of intermittent catheterization (IC) was identified by a questionnaire survey conducted in hospitals and institutions for the treatment of patients with spinal cord injury in 2010, it became necessary to standardize the IC procedure (i.e. self-catheterization and assisted catheterization).
  
  
  METHODS
  These guidelines were developed within a structured consensus process (e.g. several consensus conferences and nominal group process) by members of the working group on neurourology (Arbeitskreis Neuro-Urologie) and the working group on nursing (Arbeitskreis Pflege) of the German-speaking Medical Society of Paraplegia (DMGP), a section of the German Society for Orthopedics and Traumatology (DGOU) and were published as S2k guidelines of the German Society of Urology (DGU). The guidelines developer group consisted of representatives from the following professional groups: neurourology, surgery, health and nursing, nursing science, urotherapy and hygiene.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Firstly, the indications for IC are presented and concepts such as sterile, aseptic and hygienic catheterization are defined. The materials necessary for the IC (e.g. quality of the customized single-use catheter and approved disinfectants for disinfection of the meatus) are presented in detail. The disinfection and catheterization techniques are described and a detailed explanation of the potential complications and their management is given. Finally, the legal aspects and issues of eligibility of catheter material and disinfectants are discussed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The purpose of this consensus is to contribute to the standardization of IC. It should remove uncertainty and offer assistance to users (i.e. patients, staff and care providers). A particular focus is placed on practical instructions for carrying out the IC. The intention is to support the realization of IC in various settings (e.g. hospital, rehabilitation, long-term care institutions and home-based care). A wide implementation of the guidelines should lead to a reduction of the risks and complications of IC, which in most cases is a procedure that will be necessary throughout life.
authors.affiliation: Querschnittgelähmten-Zentrum, Klinik für Paraplegiologie und Neuro-Urologie, Zentralklinik Bad Berka, Robert-Koch-Allee 9, 99437, Bad Berka, Deutschland, ines.kurze@zentralklinik.de.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kurze
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Böthig
mesh_terms: D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D006920:Hygiene / Q000592:standards*; D057928:Intermittent Urethral Catheterization / Q000592:standards*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D001750:Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D014572:Urology / Q000592:standards*