title: Post-liver Transplant Biliary Complications.
abstract: Biliary tract complications remain a common source of morbidity and mortality in liver transplant (LT) recipients with an estimated incidence of 5-30% after orthotopic LT and a mortality rate of up to 10%. Biliary complications after LT may be related to various factors including hepatic artery thrombosis or stenosis, ischemia reperfusion injury, immunologic injury, infections, donor pool, and technical issues which include imperfect anastomosis and T-tube-related complications. Management of the detected biliary complications includes nonsurgical and surgical methods. A majority of these post transplant biliary complications can be treated with endoscopic retrograde cholangiography. If unsuccessful, a percutaneous intervention or surgery may be required. In this article, we review the incidence, clinical presentation, and management of the main types of biliary complications.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, VCU Medical Center, Richmond, VA - 23298, USA.
authors.forename: Tegpal
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Atwal
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, VCU Medical Center, Richmond, VA - 23298, USA.
authors.forename: Mariel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pastrana
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, VCU Medical Center, Richmond, VA - 23298, USA.
authors.forename: Bimaljit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sandhu
keywords: AS, anastomotic strictures; Anastomotic strictures; ERCP, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; MRCP, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography; NAS, non-anastomotic strictures; PTC, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography; SOD, sphincter of Oddi dysfunction; bile duct stricture; bile leak; biliary complications; non-anastomotic strictures; orthotopic liver transplantation