title: Association between yogurt consumption, dietary patterns, and cardio-metabolic risk factors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine whether yogurt consumption is associated with a healthier dietary pattern and with a better cardio-metabolic risk profile among healthy individuals classified on the basis of their body mass index (BMI).
  
  
  METHODS
  A 91-item food frequency questionnaire, including data on yogurt consumption, was administered to 664 subjects from the INFOGENE study. After principal component analysis, two factors were retained, thus classified as the Prudent and Western dietary patterns.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Yogurt was a significant contributor to the Prudent dietary pattern. Moreover, yogurt consumption was associated with lower body weight, waist-to-hip ratio, and waist circumference and tended to be associated with a lower BMI. Consumers had lower levels of fasting total cholesterol and insulin. Consumers of yogurt had a positive Prudent dietary pattern mean score, while the opposite trend was observed in non-consumers of yogurt. Overweight/obese individuals who were consumers of yogurts exhibited a more favorable cardio-metabolic profile characterized by lower plasma triglyceride and insulin levels than non-consumers within the same range of BMI. There was no difference in total yogurt consumption between normal-weight individuals and overweight/obese individuals. However, normal-weight subjects had more daily servings of high-fat yogurt and less daily servings of fat-free yogurt compared to overweight/obese individuals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Being a significant contributor to the Prudent dietary pattern, yogurt consumption may be associated with healthy eating. Also, yogurt consumption may be associated with lower anthropometric indicators and a more beneficial cardio-metabolic risk profile in overweight/obese individuals.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Quebec City, G1V 0A6, Canada.|School of Nutrition, Laval University, Quebec City, G1V 0A6, Canada.
authors.forename: Hubert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cormier
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Quebec City, G1V 0A6, Canada.
authors.forename: Élisabeth
authors.initials: É
authors.lastname: Thifault
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Quebec City, G1V 0A6, Canada.
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Garneau
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, Laval University, Quebec City, G1V 0A6, Canada.
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tremblay
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education, Laval University, Quebec City, G1V 0A6, Canada.
authors.forename: Vicky
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Drapeau
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Quebec City, G1V 0A6, Canada.|Department of Kinesiology, Laval University, Quebec City, G1V 0A6, Canada.
authors.forename: Louis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pérusse
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Quebec City, G1V 0A6, Canada. marie-claude.vohl@fsaa.ulaval.ca.|School of Nutrition, Laval University, Quebec City, G1V 0A6, Canada. marie-claude.vohl@fsaa.ulaval.ca.
authors.forename: Marie-Claude
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Vohl
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology; D050177:Overweight / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D055105:Waist Circumference; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio; D015014:Yogurt; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D007328:Insulin; D014280:Triglycerides
keywords: Cardio-metabolic risk factors; Dietary patterns; Insulin; Nutrition; Triglycerides; Yogurt