title: Early treatment outcomes of class II malocclusion with twin-block facial profile and cephalometric changes.
abstract: Esthetic improvement is highly valued by patients seeking orthodontic treatment. Subjects with a class II malocclusion are a good example of patients who seek treatment primarily for esthetic improvement. A young growing child with convex profile due to a small, retropositioned mandible, normal midface and lower tip trap is more suitable for functional appliance treatment. Functional appliances encourage adaptive skeletal growth by maintaining the mandible in a corrected forward position for a sufficient period of time to allow adaptive skeletal changes to occur in response to a functional stimulus. The aim of this article is to describe two cases of class II malocclusion in late mixed dentition period treated with twin-block. The cephalometric and facial profile changes have been discussed.
authors.affiliation: Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, India.
authors.forename: Mousumi Goswami
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, India.
authors.forename: Pallavi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vashisth
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Pedodontics, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Center, Moradabad, India.
authors.forename: Seema
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chaudhary
authors.affiliation: Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Center, Moradabad, India.
authors.forename: Ashish
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sinha
keywords: Class II malocclusion; functional appliance; twin-block