title: Drug therapy for the patient with resistant hypertension.
abstract: Resistant hypertension is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Resistant hypertension is defined as blood pressure above targets despite treatment with at least three antihypertensive drugs in adequate dose and combination. Nonadherence is a frequent cause of uncontrolled hypertension and can be improved by providing fixed dose (of two or three agents) single pill combination. Triple combination of the most widely used antihypertensive agents (renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system antagonists, calcium channel blockers and diuretics) is a safe and effective therapy. Fourth line therapy is the use of an aldosterone antagonist. Renal denervation and baroreceptor stimulation can be considered in patients who remained uncontrolled despite optimal medical therapy.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Innere Medizin III (Kardiologie, Angiologie & Internistische Intensivmedizin), Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Kirrberger Str. 1, D-66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany.
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Donazzan
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ewen
authors.forename: Vasilios
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Papademetriou
authors.forename: Yvonne
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Linicus
authors.forename: Dominik
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Linz
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Böhm
authors.forename: Felix
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mahfoud
mesh_terms: D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004232:Diuretics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000451:Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D004232:Diuretics; D000451:Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists
keywords: baroceptor stimulation; drug adherence; medical therapy; renal denervation; resistant hypertension