title: Oxidatively damaged DNA in the nasal epithelium of workers occupationally exposed to silica dust in Tuscany region, Italy.
abstract: Chronic silica exposure has been associated to cancer and silicosis. Furthermore, the induction of oxidative stress and the generation of reactive oxygen species have been indicated to play a main role in the carcinogenicity of respirable silica. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate the prevalence of 3-(2-deoxy-β-D-erythro-pentafuranosyl)pyrimido[1,2-α]purin-10(3H)-one deoxyguanosine (M1dG) adducts, a biomarker of oxidative stress and peroxidation of lipids, in the nasal epithelium of 135 silica-exposed workers, employed in pottery, ceramic and marble manufacturing plants as well as in a stone quarry, in respect to 118 controls living in Tuscany region, Italy. The M1dG generation was measured by the (32)P-postlabelling assay. Significant higher levels of M1dG adducts per 10(8) normal nucleotides were observed in the nasal epithelium of smokers, 77.9±9.8 (SE), and in those of former smokers, 80.7±9.7 (SE), as compared to non-smokers, 57.1±6.2 (SE), P = 0.001 and P = 0.004, respectively. Significant increments of M1dG adducts were found in the nasal epithelium of workers that handle artificial marble conglomerates, 184±36.4 (SE), and in those of quarry workers, 120±34.7 (SE), with respect to controls, 50.6±2.7 (SE), P = 0.014 and P < 0.001, respectively. Null increments were observed in association with the pottery and the ceramic factories. After stratification for different exposures, silica-exposed workers that were co-exposed to organic solvents, and welding and exhaust fumes have significantly higher M1dG levels, 90.4±13.4 (SE), P = 0.014 vs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Our data suggested that silica exposure might be associated with genotoxicity in the nasal epithelial cells of silica-exposed workers that handle of artificial marble conglomerates and quarry workers. Importantly, we observed that co-exposures to other respiratory carcinogens may have contributed to enhance the burden of M1dG adducts in the nasal epithelium of silica-exposed workers.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Risk Factor Branch, Cancer Prevention Laboratories, Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, Via Cosimo il Vecchio 2, Florence, Italy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences in the Bouve College of Health Sciences, Barnett Institute, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, USA, Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, Via delle Oblate 4, Florence, Italy, IRCSS San Martino Hospital - National Cancer Research Institute, Largo R. Benzi 10, Genoa 16132, Italy and Functional Unit for Prevention, Health and Safety in the Workplace, ASL10, Via della Cupola 64, Florence, Italy m.peluso@ispo.toscana.it.
authors.forename: Marco E M
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Peluso
authors.affiliation: Cancer Risk Factor Branch, Cancer Prevention Laboratories, Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, Via Cosimo il Vecchio 2, Florence, Italy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences in the Bouve College of Health Sciences, Barnett Institute, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, USA, Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, Via delle Oblate 4, Florence, Italy, IRCSS San Martino Hospital - National Cancer Research Institute, Largo R. Benzi 10, Genoa 16132, Italy and Functional Unit for Prevention, Health and Safety in the Workplace, ASL10, Via della Cupola 64, Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Armelle
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Munnia
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences in the Bouve College of Health Sciences, Barnett Institute, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Roger W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Giese
authors.affiliation: Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, Via delle Oblate 4, Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chellini
authors.affiliation: IRCSS San Martino Hospital - National Cancer Research Institute, Largo R. Benzi 10, Genoa 16132, Italy and.
authors.forename: Marcello
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ceppi
authors.affiliation: Functional Unit for Prevention, Health and Safety in the Workplace, ASL10, Via della Cupola 64, Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Capacci
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D018736:DNA Adducts / Q000187:drug effects; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D004391:Dust; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D011379:Prognosis; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D018736:DNA Adducts; D004391:Dust; D012822:Silicon Dioxide