title: Advances in oral nano-delivery systems for colon targeted drug delivery in inflammatory bowel disease: selective targeting to diseased versus healthy tissue.
abstract: Colon targeted drug delivery is an active area of research for local diseases affecting the colon, as it improves the efficacy of therapeutics and enables localized treatment, which reduces systemic toxicity. Targeted delivery of therapeutics to the colon is particularly advantageous for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Advances in oral drug delivery design have significantly improved the bioavailability of drugs to the colon; however in order for a drug to have therapeutic efficacy during disease, considerations must be made for the altered physiology of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract that is associated with GI inflammation. Nanotechnology has been used in oral dosage formulation design as strategies to further enhance uptake into diseased tissue within the colon. This review will describe some of the physiological challenges faced by orally administered delivery systems in IBD, the important developments in orally administered nano-delivery systems for colon targeting, and the future advances of this research.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) poses a significant problem for a large number of patients worldwide. Current medical therapy mostly aims at suppressing the active inflammatory episodes. In this review article, the authors described and discussed the various approaches current nano-delivery systems can offer in overcoming the limitations of conventional drug formulations.
authors.affiliation: The School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia. Electronic address: Susan.Hua@newcastle.edu.au.
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.affiliation: The School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; Gastrointestinal Research Group, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Ellen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marks
authors.affiliation: The School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Jennifer J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.affiliation: The School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; Gastrointestinal Research Group, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Keely
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D003106:Colon / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations
keywords: Colitis; Colon targeted drug delivery; Inflammatory bowel disease; Nano-delivery systems; Oral administration