title: Novel In Vivo model for combinatorial fluorescence labeling in mouse prostate.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The epithelial layer of prostate glands contains several types of cells, including luminal and basal cells. Yet there is paucity of animal models to study the cellular origin of normal or neoplastic development in the prostate to facilitate the treatment of heterogenous prostate diseases by targeting individual cell lineages.
  
  
  METHODS
  We developed a mouse model that expresses different types of fluorescent proteins (XFPs) specifically in prostatic cells. Using an in vivo stochastic fluorescent protein combinatorial strategy, XFP signals were expressed specifically in prostate of Protein Kinase D1 (PKD1) knock-out, K-Ras(G) (12) (D) knock-in, and Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and PKD1 double knock-out mice under the control of PB-Cre promoter.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In vivo XFP signals were observed in prostate of PKD1 knock-out, K-Ras(G) (12) (D) knock-in, and PTEN PKD1 double knock-out mice, which developed normal, hyperplastic, and neoplastic prostate, respectively. The patchy expression pattern of XFPs in neoplasia tissue indicated the clonal origin of cancer cells in the prostate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The transgenic mouse models demonstrate combinatorial fluorescent protein expression in normal and cancerous prostatic tissues. This novel prostate-specific fluorescent labeled mouse model, which we named Prorainbow, could be useful in studying benign and malignant pathology of prostate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Biology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Xiaolan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Kenneth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gyabaah
authors.forename: Bita
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nickkholgh
authors.forename: J Mark
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Cline
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Balaji
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D011905:Genes, ras; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase / Q000235:genetics; D011467:Prostate / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000473:pathology; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D008164:Luminescent Proteins; C089212:protein kinase D; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; C487757:Pten protein, mouse
keywords: in vivo fluorescent labeling; prorainbow; prostate; prostate hyperplasia; prostate neoplasia