title: Radiological features of hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: Present article is a review of radiological features of hepatocellular carcinoma on various imaging modalities. With the advancement in imaging techniques, biopsy is rarely needed for diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), unlike other malignancies. Imaging is useful not only for diagnosis but also for surveillance, therapy and assessing response to treatment. The classical and the atypical radiological features of HCC have been described.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Liver Diseases, HPB Surgery and Liver Transplant, Global Hospitals, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Samir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Institute of Liver Diseases, HPB Surgery and Liver Transplant, Global Hospitals, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Akash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shukla
authors.affiliation: Institute of Liver Diseases, HPB Surgery and Liver Transplant, Global Hospitals, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Bhawan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Paunipagar
keywords: A-P, arterio-portal; CT, computerized tomography; CTAP, CT during arterial portography; CTHA, computerized tomography hepatic angiography; GRE, gradient echo; Gd-BOPTA, gadopentetate dimeglumine; Gd-EOB, gadolinium ethoxybenzyl; Gd-EOB-DTPA, gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; LI-RADS, Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System; MDCT, multidetector CT; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; SPIO, superparamagnetic iron oxide; T1W, T1 weighted; T2W, T2 weighted; TACE, trans-arterial chemo-embolization; TE, time to echo; THAD, transient hepatic attenuation differentiation; THID, transient hepatic intensity differentiation; cirrhosis; hepatocellular carcinoma; liver cancer; ultrasound