title: The influence of immunosuppressants on the morphology, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and apoptosis in the rat ventral prostate.
abstract: Analysis of the impact of immunosuppressants on apoptosis and PCNA in the rat ventral prostate.
  
  
  
  The studies were performed on 48 male Wistar rats. The animals were divided into a control group and 7 experimental groups. For 6 months, the rats were administered drugs such as: rapamycin (Rapa), cyclosporin A (CsA), tacrolimus (Tac), mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and glucocorticosteroids (GS). During section of the rats, prostate ventral lobes were obtained. Morphological evaluation (HE, PAS), TUNEL assay, PCNA expression analysis and quantitative image computer analysis were performed.
  
  
  
  The highest percentage of apoptosis in epithelial cells was observed in groups which received two combinations of drugs: (V) CsA, MMF, GS and (VII) Tac, MMF, GS. A much lower percentage of apoptotic epithelial cells was found in the groups where the treatment schemes included rapamycin throughout the duration of the study. Interestingly, the conversion of the treatment to rapamycin caused a significant reduction of apoptosis in epithelial cells as well as in proliferation in both epithelial and stromal cells.
  
  
  
  On one hand, the obtained results may explain the anticancer activity of rapamycin in reducing the proliferation of epithelial cells, and on the other hand the adverse effect of rapamycin in the form of reduced regeneration of these cells. Taking into account the prostate in isolation from other organs/systems, the dosage scheme with Rapa, Tac and GS would appear to be the most favorable, due to the smallest morphological changes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland. grabowska.marta.anna@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grabowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland. sylwia@pum.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Sylwia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Słuczanowska-Głąbowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, West Pomeranian Oncology Center, Szczecin, Poland. akram@onkologia.szczecin.pl.
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kram
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, West Pomeranian Oncology Center, Szczecin, Poland. l.teresinski@op.pl.
authors.forename: Leszek
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Teresiński
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland. mpiasecka@ipartner.com.pl.
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Piasecka
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University, Wrocław, Poland. marzenna.podhorska-okolow@umed.wroc.pl.
authors.forename: Marzenna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Podhorska-Okołów
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland. iwrot@wp.pl.
authors.forename: Iwona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rotter
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland. karolina.kedzierska@interia.pl.
authors.forename: Karolina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kędzierska
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Maxillofacial Surgery, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland. katarzyna@aestheticdent.pl.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sporniak-Tutak
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland. kazcie@pum.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Kazimierz
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ciechanowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland. maria@laszczynska.pl.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Laszczyńska
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D008297:Male; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011467:Prostate / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen