title: Foraminiferal assemblages as bioindicators to assess potential pollution in mangroves used as a natural biofilter for shrimp farm effluents (New Caledonia).
abstract: In New Caledonia, semi-intensive shrimp farms release untreated effluents into the mangrove. Foraminiferal assemblages were analyzed for assessing the impact of effluent release on the benthic compartment. Comparison was made between samples collected (1) in an effluent receiving mangrove before and after the rearing cycle, and (2) for one-year monitoring an effluent receiving and a control mangrove. The distribution of foraminiferal assemblages was primarily driven by the gradient between Rhizophora stands and salt-flats, related to salinity and tidal elevation, and by seasonal cycles. The potential impact of effluent release was due to the combined effects of normal-saline effluents on surface salinity, and of nutrient input and microbial stimulation on food availability. Foraminiferal assemblages did not indicate a substantial impact of farm effluents and suggest that semi-intensive shrimp farming using mangrove for effluent discharge may appear as a sustainable solution in New Caledonia, when considering only the impact on the mangrove itself.
authors.affiliation: UMR 7159, IPSL/LOCEAN, Centre IRD France Nord, 32 Avenue Henri Varagnat, 93143 Bondy Cedex, France.
authors.forename: J-P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Debenay
authors.affiliation: IRD, UR 206 - UMR 7590 IMPMC, F-98848 New Caledonia, France. Electronic address: cyril.marchand@ird.fr.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marchand
authors.affiliation: IRD, UR 206 - UMR 7590 IMPMC, F-98848 New Caledonia, France; UMR BOREA MNHN-CNRS 7208-IRD-UPMC, Muséum National Histoire Naturelle, CP 53, 61 rue Buffon, 75231 Paris cedex 05, France.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Molnar
authors.affiliation: IRD, UR 206 - UMR 7590 IMPMC, F-98848 New Caledonia, France; UMR BOREA MNHN-CNRS 7208-IRD-UPMC, Muséum National Histoire Naturelle, CP 53, 61 rue Buffon, 75231 Paris cedex 05, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aschenbroich
authors.affiliation: UMR BOREA MNHN-CNRS 7208-IRD-UPMC, Muséum National Histoire Naturelle, CP 53, 61 rue Buffon, 75231 Paris cedex 05, France.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Meziane
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017756:Aquaculture; D003445:Crustacea; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D056908:Foraminifera / Q000145:classification* / Q000254:growth & development; D009510:New Caledonia; D043982:Rhizophoraceae / Q000502:physiology; D014876:Water Pollution / Q000032:analysis* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D053833:Wetlands
keywords: Effluents; Fatty acids; Foraminifera; Mangrove; SW Pacific; Shrimp farming