title: Trichinella spiralis: low vaccine potential of glutathione S-transferase against infections in mice.
abstract: We have previously reported that Trichinella spiralis glutathione-S-transferase (TsGST) gene is an up-regulated gene in intestinal infective larvae (IIL) compared to muscle larvae (ML). In this study, the TsGST gene was cloned, and recombinant TsGST (rTsGST) was produced. Anti-rTsGST serum recognized the native TsGST by Western blotting in crude antigens of ML, adult worm (AW) and newborn larvae (NBL) of T. spiralis, but not in ML excretory-secretory (ES) antigens. Expression of TsGST was observed in all different developmental stages (IIL, AW, NBL and ML). An immunolocalization analysis identified TsGST in the cuticle, stichosome and genital primordium of the parasite. The rTsGST had GST enzymatic activity. After a challenge infection with T. spiralis larvae, mice immunized with rTsGST displayed a 35.71% reduction in adult worms and a 38.55% reduction in muscle larvae. The vaccination of mice with rTsGST induced the Th1/Th2-mixed type of immune response with Th2 predominant (high levels of IgG1) and partial protective immunity against T. spiralis infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
authors.forename: Ling Ge
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou 450052, China. Electronic address: wangzq@zzu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhong Quan
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
authors.forename: Ruo Dan
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
authors.forename: Xuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
authors.forename: Li Na
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
authors.forename: Ge Ge
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
authors.forename: Gong Yuan
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou 450052, China. Electronic address: cuij@zzu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cui
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000909:Antibodies, Helminth / Q000097:blood*; D000947:Antigens, Helminth / Q000276:immunology*; D002681:China; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000276:immunology*; D007814:Larva / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D013552:Swine / Q000469:parasitology; D017160:Trichinella spiralis / Q000276:immunology*; D014235:Trichinellosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014611:Vaccination; D014612:Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000909:Antibodies, Helminth; D000947:Antigens, Helminth; D014612:Vaccines; D005982:Glutathione Transferase
keywords: Glutathione-S-transferase (GST); Immune protection; Invasion; Trichinella spiralis; Vaccine