title: Dopamine D₂/₃ receptor availability in the striatum of antipsychotic-free older patients with schizophrenia-A [¹¹C]-raclopride PET study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  No study has examined dopamine D₂/₃ receptor (D₂/₃R) availability in antipsychotic-free older patients with schizophrenia.
  
  
  METHODS
  We included patients with schizophrenia 50 years or older who were antipsychotic-free for at least 3 months. We compared non-displaceable binding potential (BPND) of [(11)C]-raclopride in the caudate, putamen, ventral striatum, and globus pallidus between patients and age- and sex-matched healthy controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ten patients participated (antipsychotic-naive=4). No differences in BPND were found between patients and controls in any ROIs (F(1, 72)=.42, p=.52).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The preliminary results suggest no differences in D₂/₃R availability between antipsychotic-free older patients with schizophrenia and controls.
authors.affiliation: Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Geriatric Mental Health Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: shinichiro.l.nakajima@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Shinichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.affiliation: Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. Electronic address: fernando.caravaggio@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Caravaggio
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Faculties of Medicine and Health Science, University of Malta, Msida, Malta. Electronic address: mamodc@gmail.com.
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Mamo
authors.affiliation: Geriatric Mental Health Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Campbell Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada. Electronic address: benoit.mulsant@camh.ca.
authors.forename: Benoit H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Mulsant
authors.affiliation: Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. Electronic address: junku.chung@mail.utoronto.ca.
authors.forename: Jun Ku
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. Electronic address: plitmaneric@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Plitman
authors.affiliation: Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: yusuke.iwata2010@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iwata
authors.affiliation: Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Geriatric Mental Health Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. Electronic address: philgerretsen@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gerretsen
authors.affiliation: Geriatric Mental Health Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: hiroyuki.uchida.hu@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: takefumi@oak.dti.ne.jp.
authors.forename: Takefumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada. Electronic address: wanna.mar@camh.ca.
authors.forename: Wanna
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Mar
authors.affiliation: Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Campbell Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada. Electronic address: alan.wilson@camh.ca.
authors.forename: Alan A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.affiliation: Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Campbell Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada. Electronic address: sylvain.houle@camh.ca.
authors.forename: Sylvain
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Houle
authors.affiliation: Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Geriatric Mental Health Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Campbell Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada. Electronic address: ariel_graff@yahoo.com.mx.
authors.forename: Ariel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Graff-Guerrero
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002247:Carbon Isotopes / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D020891:Raclopride / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D020891:Raclopride
keywords: Aging; D(2/3) receptor; Dopamine; PET; Schizophrenia