title: [Raman spectral characteristics of oral squamous cell carcinoma, epithelial dysplasia and normal mucosa].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the Raman spectral characteristics of oral squamous cell carcinoma, high-grade epithelial dysplasia and normal mucosa.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty- six fresh samples of oral carcinoma, 50 of high-grade epithelial dysplasia and 32 of normal mucosa were collected. The i-Raman spectrometer with an optical fiber tube was applied to acquire Raman spectrum. The diagnostic model established by principle component analysis (PCA) and discriminant function analysis (DFA) was used to analyze and classify the spectra of different samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were significant differences among the Raman spectra of these samples. Compared with the spectra of normal mucosa, the spectra of oral carcinoma and dysplasia showed strong peaks which were contributed to nucleic acids, proteins and lipids. The diagnostic models established by PCA-DFA could successfully classify these Raman spectra of different samples with a high accuracy of 96.4% (133/138). The model was evaluated by 'Leave one out' cross-validation and reached a high accuracy of 92.8% (128/138).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The proliferation and metabolism of oral squamous cell carcinoma and epithelial high-grade dysplasia are more active than normal mucosa. The diagnostic models established by PCA-DFA can classify these Raman spectra of different samples with a high accuracy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen Fujian 361003, China.
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Qiaoling
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Pei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Xianyang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen Fujian 361003, China. Email: yanbing_west@163.com.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000473:pathology; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D004817:Epidermis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000737:chemistry*; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000473:pathology; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000737:chemistry; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman