title: Production of plant cell wall degrading enzymes by monoculture and co-culture of Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus terreus under SSF of banana peels.
abstract: Filamentous fungi are considered to be the most important group of microorganisms for the production of plant cell wall degrading enzymes (CWDE), in solid state fermentations. In this study, two fungal strains Aspergillus niger MS23 and Aspergillus terreus MS105 were screened for plant CWDE such as amylase, pectinase, xylanase and cellulases (β-glucosidase, endoglucanase and filterpaperase) using a novel substrate, Banana Peels (BP) for SSF process. This is the first study, to the best of our knowledge, to use BP as SSF substrate for plant CWDE production by co-culture of fungal strains. The titers of pectinase were significantly improved in co-culture compared to mono-culture. Furthermore, the enzyme preparations obtained from monoculture and co-culture were used to study the hydrolysis of BP along with some crude and purified substrates. It was observed that the enzymatic hydrolysis of different crude and purified substrates accomplished after 26 h of incubation, where pectin was maximally hydrolyzed by the enzyme preparations of mono and co-culture. Along with purified substrates, crude materials were also proved to be efficiently degraded by the cocktail of the CWDE. These results demonstrated that banana peels may be a potential substrate in solid-state fermentation for the production of plant cell wall degrading enzymes to be used for improving various biotechnological and industrial processes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology University of Karachi Karachi Pakistan Department of Microbiology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Shazia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rehman
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology University of Karachi Karachi Pakistan Department of Microbiology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Hina
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aslam
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology University of Karachi Karachi Pakistan Department of Microbiology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Aqeel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology University of Karachi Karachi Pakistan Department of Microbiology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Shakeel Ahmed
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology University of Karachi Karachi Pakistan Department of Microbiology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sohail
mesh_terms: D001230:Aspergillus / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D005285:Fermentation; D006867:Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D028521:Musa / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D006867:Hydrolases
keywords: Aspergillus strains; banana peels; enzymatic hydrolysis; plant cell wall degrading enzymes (CWDE); solid state fermentation