title: Use of GRADE for assessment of evidence about prognosis: rating confidence in estimates of event rates in broad categories of patients.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada iorioa@mcmaster.ca.
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iorio
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Frederick A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Spencer
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Health Technology Assessment, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maicon
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Falavigna
authors.affiliation: Heart Failure and Transplant Program, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alba
authors.affiliation: University of Calgary, Department of Emergency Medicine Alberta Health Services, Calgary Zone, AB, Canada.
authors.forename: Eddie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Burnand
authors.affiliation: North Shore-LIJ Health System, Hofstra North Shore-LIJ Medical School, Hempstead, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: McGinn
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
authors.forename: Jill
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hayden
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne; Developmental Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital; Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Katrina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.affiliation: Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, and Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Beverly
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shea
authors.affiliation: Kleijnen Systematic Reviews Ltd, York, UK.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wolff
authors.affiliation: Department for Guideline Development, Dutch College of General Practitioners, Utrecht, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ton
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kujpers
authors.affiliation: Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Perel
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Division Gjøvik, Norway.
authors.forename: Per Olav
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Vandvik
authors.affiliation: Centre for Research in Evidence-Based Practice, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bond University, Gold Coast, Australia.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Glasziou
authors.affiliation: Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Holger
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schunemann
authors.affiliation: Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Gordon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Guyatt
mesh_terms: D015982:Bias; D003933:Diagnosis; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic / Q000592:standards*; D011379:Prognosis; D017594:Publication Bias; D012196:Review Literature as Topic; D012306:Risk; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity