title: Microalbuminuria in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Microalbuminuria is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Microalbuminuria may be seen due to intermittent hypoxemia in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). In this study, we investigated the prevalence and relationship of microalbuminuria with clinical and physiological parameters in patients with OSAS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-eight patients with OSAS and 26 nonapneic snoring subjects upon polysomnography were included in this study. The urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) was calculated according to a previously described formula. The severity index of chronic diseases was evaluated by using the modified cumulative illness rating scale (MCIRS). Insulin resistance (IR) method was analyzed by homeostasis assessment model (HOMA-IR). Subjective sleepiness was assessed using the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Body mass index (BMI), MCIRS, and UACR were higher in patients with OSAS than nonapneic snoring subjects. In linear regression model, there was a negative relationship between UACR and minimal O2, and there was a significantly positive relationship between UACR and desaturation index.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Microalbuminuria may be seen in patients with OSAS, depending on the severity of disease and hypoxemia. Microalbuminuria in patients with OSAS should be examined in regular periods for risk of cardiovascular morbidity or mortality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kirikkale, 71100, Kirikkale, Turkey. emelbulcun@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Emel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bulcun
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kirikkale, 71100, Kirikkale, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ekici
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kirikkale, 71100, Kirikkale, Turkey.
authors.forename: Aydanur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ekici
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kirikkale, 71100, Kirikkale, Turkey.
authors.forename: Dilay Ahat
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Cimen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kirikkale, Kirikkale, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ucler
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kisa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017286:Polysomnography; D012016:Reference Values; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000032:analysis; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D013223:Statistics as Topic
chemical_list: D012709:Serum Albumin; D003404:Creatinine
keywords: Intermittent hypoxemia; Microalbuminuria; Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome