title: Plasma Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) 70 and 47 levels in diabetic foot and its possible correlation with clinical variables in a North Indian Tertiary care hospital.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  HSPs have been proposed to have a role in the wound healing process, supported by finding that its expression is rapidly induced after skin is wounded in animal models. Because of this phenomenon, we have made a hypothesis that circulating HSPs will have any relationship with DFU.
  
  
  METHODS
  The circulating levels of HSP 70 and HSP 47 were measured in diabetic patients with an ulcer (Group A: n=30), without ulcer (Group B: n=30) and healthy subjects (Group C: n=30).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Diabetic foot ulcer showed higher median plasma level of HSP 70 [3229.01 (1984.5-4137.1) vs 1625.7 (1435.1-2253.5) vs 1025.7 (835.1-1653.5)] ng/ml and HSP 47 [2.33 (2.118-2.58) vs 0.98 (0.83-1.07) vs 0.58 (0.42-0.68) pg/ml] of the diabetic foot, diabetic control and healthy subjects. Odds ratio and risk ratio for DFU after age adjusted were BMI (>25 kg/m(2)) [OR 1.78, RR 1.35], HbA1c>7% [OR 3.37), RR 1.76], neuropathy [OR 5.79, RR 3.13], retinopathy [OR 3.44, RR 1.82], hypertension [OR 1.54, RR 1.18], and smoking cessation [OR 4.53, RR 2.09].
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the near future, it would be interesting to find out whether this high plasma HSPs precedes in early would healing mechanism and will have a relationship with type of infections and/or nature of therapy for infection in such patients.
authors.affiliation: Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, J.N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India. Electronic address: mohammad_zubair@yahoo.co.in.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zubair
authors.affiliation: Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, J.N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India. Electronic address: jamalahmad11@rediffmail.com.
authors.forename: Jamal
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ahmad
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications; D017719:Diabetic Foot / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D050958:HSP47 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D063128:Tertiary Health Care
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D050958:HSP47 Heat-Shock Proteins; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins
keywords: Correlation; Diabetic foot ulcer; Outcome; Plasma HSPs (70 and 47)