title: Mechanisms of innate immune evasion in re-emerging RNA viruses.
abstract: Recent outbreaks of Ebola, West Nile, Chikungunya, Middle Eastern Respiratory and other emerging/re-emerging RNA viruses continue to highlight the need to further understand the virus-host interactions that govern disease severity and infection outcome. As part of the early host antiviral defense, the innate immune system mediates pathogen recognition and initiation of potent antiviral programs that serve to limit virus replication, limit virus spread and activate adaptive immune responses. Concordantly, viral pathogens have evolved several strategies to counteract pathogen recognition and cell-intrinsic antiviral responses. In this review, we highlight the major mechanisms of innate immune evasion by emerging and re-emerging RNA viruses, focusing on pathogens that pose significant risk to public health.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
authors.forename: Daphne Y
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. Electronic address: msuthar@emory.edu.
authors.forename: Mehul S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Suthar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D021821:Communicable Diseases, Emerging / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D057131:Immune Evasion; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007372:Interferons / Q000378:metabolism; D012327:RNA Virus Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D012328:RNA Viruses / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition; D007372:Interferons