title: Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 fusions as a target for treating cholangiocarcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This review will cover the role of the fibroblast growth factor pathway in the pathogenesis, targeted therapy potential and prognostic value in patients with cholangiocarcinoma (CCA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Recent studies that have identified fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) fusions, prognostic implications of FGFR2 fusions, treatment strategies that target FGFR2 in CCA and future directions for understanding and targeting the FGFR2 pathway in this disease, will be discussed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Understanding the role of the FGFR2 pathway as a disease pathogenetic mechanism and the ability to develop targeted therapies and diagnostics surrounding this concept are critical elements toward developing novel targeted approaches in CCA.
authors.affiliation: aDivision of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona bDepartment of Molecular Medicine cDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: Mitesh J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Borad
authors.forename: Gregory J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Gores
authors.forename: Lewis R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Roberts
mesh_terms: D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D001653:Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic / Q000473:pathology*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D011379:Prognosis; D051497:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D014178:Translocation, Genetic; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C512478:EGFR protein, human; D066246:ErbB Receptors; C496353:FGFR2 protein, human; D051497:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2