title: Four-dimensional in vivo X-ray microscopy with projection-guided gating.
abstract: Visualizing fast micrometer scale internal movements of small animals is a key challenge for functional anatomy, physiology and biomechanics. We combine phase contrast tomographic microscopy (down to 3.3 μm voxel size) with retrospective, projection-based gating (in the order of hundreds of microseconds) to improve the spatiotemporal resolution by an order of magnitude over previous studies. We demonstrate our method by visualizing 20 three-dimensional snapshots through the 150 Hz oscillations of the blowfly flight motor.
authors.affiliation: Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Rajmund
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mokso
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, UK [2] Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: Daniel A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Schwyn
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: Simon M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.affiliation: Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, London, UK.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Doube
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, UK.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wicklein
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: Tonya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.affiliation: 1] Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland [2] Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH and University of Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stampanoni
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: Graham K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, UK.
authors.forename: Holger G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Krapp
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004175:Diptera; D056973:Four-Dimensional Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D008853:Microscopy / Q000379:methods*; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014965:X-Rays