title: Bare metal stents for treatment of extracranial internal carotid artery aneurysms: long-term results.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the long-term outcomes of bare metal stent placement for exclusion of extracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) aneurysms.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 2006 to 2011, 7 consecutive symptomatic patients (4 men; mean age 52 years) with surgically inaccessible extracranial ICA aneurysms were treated with a bare stent at a single center. Patients received clopidogrel for 3 months after the procedure and aspirin for life. Clinical follow-up with duplex ultrasound and/or computed tomographic angiography was performed at 3, 6, and 12 months and yearly thereafter.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All procedures were technically successful; no neurological complications occurred. After 6 months, there was complete thrombosis of the aneurysm in all except one case. In this asymptomatic patient, the residual active flow was successfully obliterated by additional coil embolization. Over a mean follow-up of 57 ± 22 months, all patients were alive and free of local or central neurological symptoms. All stents were patent, and thrombosis of the aneurysms was complete.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this small series, treatment of extracranial ICA aneurysms with a bare stent seems technically feasible and safe. All treated extracranial ICA aneurysms were excluded by primary intervention or secondary coil embolization.
authors.affiliation: University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Janna C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Welleweerd
authors.affiliation: University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands g.j.deborst-2@umcutrecht.nl.
authors.forename: Gert Jan
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: de Borst
authors.affiliation: University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Daphne
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: de Groot
authors.affiliation: University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Joost A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: van Herwaarden
authors.affiliation: University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Rob T H
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.affiliation: University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Frans L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Moll
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000783:Aneurysm / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D002343:Carotid Artery, Internal / Q000473:pathology*; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D057510:Endovascular Procedures / Q000379:methods; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008670:Metals; D008875:Middle Aged; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015607:Stents; D013988:Ticlopidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D008670:Metals; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D013988:Ticlopidine
keywords: aneurysm; bare metal stent; carotid artery stenting; endovascular treatment; extracranial carotid aneurysm; internal carotid artery