title: Inhibitory effect of Duabanga grandiflora on MRSA biofilm formation via prevention of cell-surface attachment and PBP2a production.
abstract: Formation of biofilms is a major factor for nosocomial infections associated with methicillin-resistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). This study was carried out to determine the ability of a fraction, F-10, derived from the plant Duabanga grandiflora to inhibit MRSA biofilm formation. Inhibition of biofilm production and microtiter attachment assays were employed to study the anti-biofilm activity of F-10, while latex agglutination test was performed to study the influence of F-10 on penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a) level in MRSA biofilm. PBP2a is a protein that confers resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics. The results showed that, F-10 at minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC, 0.75 mg/mL) inhibited biofilm production by 66.10%; inhibited cell-surface attachment by more than 95%; and a reduced PBP2a level in the MRSA biofilm was observed. Although ampicilin was more effective in inhibiting biofilm production (MIC of 0.05 mg/mL, 84.49%) compared to F-10, the antibiotic was less effective in preventing cell-surface attachment. A higher level of PBP2a was detected in ampicillin-treated MRSA showing the development of further resistance in these colonies. This study has shown that F-10 possesses anti-biofilm activity, which can be attributed to its ability to reduce cell-surface attachment and attenuate the level of PBP2a that we postulated to play a crucial role in mediating biofilm formation.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Science, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, Semenyih, Selangor 43500, Malaysia. Carolina.Santiago@nottingham.edu.my.
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Santiago
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Science, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, Semenyih, Selangor 43500, Malaysia. kuanhon.lim@nottingham.edu.my.
authors.forename: Kuan-Hon
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Science, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, Semenyih, Selangor 43500, Malaysia. Sandy.Loh@nottingham.edu.my.
authors.forename: Hwei-San
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Loh
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Science, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, Semenyih, Selangor 43500, Malaysia. Kang-Nee.Ting@nottingham.edu.my.
authors.forename: Kang Nee
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Ting
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects; D019684:Magnoliopsida / Q000737:chemistry*; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D046915:Penicillin-Binding Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D046915:Penicillin-Binding Proteins; D010936:Plant Extracts