title: Laparoscopic choledochojejunostomy in various hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgeries: a single surgeon's experience.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aims of this study were to measure the learning curve for laparoscopic choledochojejunostomy (LCJ), to describe the technical tips and to report the follow-up data.
  
  
  METHODS
  The results of LCJ performed on 84 patients were analyzed. Patients were divided into eight groups, by surgical order. The plateau of the learning curve was defined as the period during which the operative time showed a dramatic decrease. The exact operative time was recorded using video analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the first three groups, the fourth group showed a significantly shorter LCJ time. The subsequent groups showed a plateau, indicating that there were no more significant changes in the LCJ time. After the plateau of the learning curve was reached, the average LCJ time was 27.4±4.7 minutes. Six cases of postoperative bile leakage occurred, with all occurring before the plateau of the learning curve was reached. Five of the 6 cases of bile leakage had a nondilated common bile duct.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Even for a surgeon experienced in laparoscopic surgery, there is a steep learning curve for the performance of LCJ. With careful video review, education of the surgical team, and various technical tips, the learning curve can be shortened. After the learning curve, experienced surgeons can perform LCJ with acceptable results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jun Suh
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Tae Ho
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Hong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002768:Choledochostomy / Q000379:methods*; D002983:Clinical Competence; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D059032:Learning Curve; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D061646:Operative Time; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D014741:Video Recording