title: Branched artificial nanofinger arrays by mesoporous interfacial atomic rearrangement.
abstract: The direct production of branched semiconductor arrays with highly ordered orientation has proven to be a considerable challenge over the last two decades. Here we report a mesoporous interfacial atomic rearrangement (MIAR) method to directly produce highly crystalline, finger-like branched iron oxide nanoarrays from the mesoporous nanopyramids. This method has excellent versatility and flexibility for heteroatom doping of metallic elements, including Sn, Bi, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, and W, in which the mesoporous nanopyramids first absorb guest-doping molecules into the mesoporous channels and then convert the mesoporous pyramids into branching artificial nanofingers. The crystalline structure can provide more optoelectronic active sites of the nanofingers by interfacial atomic rearrangements of doping molecules and mesopore channels at the porous solid-solid interface. As a proof-of-concept, the Sn-doped Fe2O3 artificial nanofingers (ANFs) exhibit a high photocurrent density of ∼1.26 mA/cm(2), ∼5.25-fold of the pristine mesoporous Fe2O3 nanopyramid arrays. Furthermore, with surface chemical functionalization, the Sn-doped ANF biointerfaces allow nanomolar level recognition of metabolism-related biomolecules (∼5 nm for glutathione). This MIAR method suggests a new growth means of branched mesostructures, with enhanced optoelectronic applications.
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, §Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Department of Physics, and #Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China.|‡Department of Chemical Engineering and ⊥Department of Materials Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
authors.forename: Biao
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, §Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Department of Physics, and #Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China.|‡Department of Chemical Engineering and ⊥Department of Materials Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, §Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Department of Physics, and #Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China.|‡Department of Chemical Engineering and ⊥Department of Materials Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
authors.forename: Yueyu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, §Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Department of Physics, and #Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China.|‡Department of Chemical Engineering and ⊥Department of Materials Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
authors.forename: Cordelia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Selomulya
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, §Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Department of Physics, and #Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China.|‡Department of Chemical Engineering and ⊥Department of Materials Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
authors.forename: Xingao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, §Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Department of Physics, and #Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China.|‡Department of Chemical Engineering and ⊥Department of Materials Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, §Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Department of Physics, and #Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China.|‡Department of Chemical Engineering and ⊥Department of Materials Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, §Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Department of Physics, and #Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China.|‡Department of Chemical Engineering and ⊥Department of Materials Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
authors.forename: Jianping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, §Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Department of Physics, and #Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China.|‡Department of Chemical Engineering and ⊥Department of Materials Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
authors.forename: Wenshuo
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, §Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Department of Physics, and #Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China.|‡Department of Chemical Engineering and ⊥Department of Materials Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
authors.forename: Xiaotian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, §Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Department of Physics, and #Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China.|‡Department of Chemical Engineering and ⊥Department of Materials Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
authors.forename: Yufei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, §Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Department of Physics, and #Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China.|‡Department of Chemical Engineering and ⊥Department of Materials Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
authors.forename: Gengfeng
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, §Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Department of Physics, and #Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China.|‡Department of Chemical Engineering and ⊥Department of Materials Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
authors.forename: Dongyuan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D003460:Crystallization; D004581:Electronics; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D036103:Nanotechnology; D055095:Optics and Photonics; D010316:Particle Size; D016062:Porosity; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D005290:Ferric Compounds; C000499:ferric oxide