title: An all-optical modulation method in sub-micron scale.
abstract: We report a theoretical study showing that by utilizing the illumination of an external laser, the Surface Plasmon Polaritons (SPP) signals on the graphene sheet can be modulated in the sub-micron scale. The SPP wave can propagate along the graphene in the middle infrared range when the graphene is properly doped. Graphene's carrier density can be modified by a visible laser when the graphene sheet is exfoliated on the hydrophilic SiO2/Si substrate, which yields an all-optical way to control the graphene's doping level. Consequently, the external laser beam can control the propagation of the graphene SPP between the ON and OFF status. This all-optical modulation effect is still obvious when the spot size of the external laser is reduced to 400 nm while the modulation depth is as high as 114.7 dB/μm.
authors.affiliation: Department of Information Science and Electronics Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Longzhi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Information Science and Electronics Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Chongyang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pei
authors.affiliation: Department of Information Science and Electronics Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Ao
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Information Science and Electronics Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Changyun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Information Science and Electronics Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Information Science and Electronics Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Information Science and Electronics Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Information Science and Electronics Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Yubo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Information Science and Electronics Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoqing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Information Science and Electronics Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China [2] Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Jianyi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang