title: Contributions of Caucasian-associated bone mass loci to the variation in bone mineral density in Vietnamese population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Bone mineral density (BMD) is under strong genetic regulation, but it is not clear which genes are involved in the regulation, particularly in Asian populations. This study sought to determine the association between 29 genes discovered by Caucasian-based genome-wide association studies and BMD in a Vietnamese population.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study involved 564 Vietnamese men and women aged 18 years and over (average age: 47 years) who were randomly sampled from the Ho Chi Minh City. BMD at the femoral neck, lumbar spine, total hip and whole body was measured by DXA (Hologic QDR4500, Bedford, MA, USA). Thirty-two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 29 genes were genotyped using Sequenom MassARRAY technology. The magnitude of association between SNPs and BMD was analyzed by the linear regression model. The Bayesian model average method was used to identify SNPs that are independently associated with BMD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The distribution of genotypes of all, but two, SNPs was consistent with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium law. After adjusting for age, gender and weight, 3 SNPs were associated with BMD: rs2016266 (SP7 gene), rs7543680 (ZBTB40 gene), and rs1373004 (MBL2/DKK1 gene). Among the three genetic variants, the SNP rs2016266 had the strongest association, with each minor allele being associated with ~0.02 g/cm(2) increase in BMD at the femoral neck and whole body. Each of these genetic variant explained about 0.2 to 1.1% variance of BMD. All other SNPs were not significantly associated with BMD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that genetic variants in the SP7, ZBTB40 and MBL2/DKK1 genes are associated with BMD in the Vietnamese population, and that the effect of these genes on BMD is likely to be modest.
authors.affiliation: Bone and Muscle Research Division, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Department of Internal Medicine, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Electronic address: hophamthuclan@tdt.edu.vn.
authors.forename: Lan T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Ho-Pham
authors.affiliation: Osteoporosis and Bone Biology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Australia.
authors.forename: Sing C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Centre for Health Research, School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: Bich
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tran
authors.affiliation: Bone and Muscle Research Division, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Osteoporosis and Bone Biology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Australia; Centre for Health Technologies, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia; School of Public Health and Community Medicine, UNSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Tuan V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Nguyen
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D015519:Bone Density / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D014744:Vietnam; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Bone mineral density; MBL2/DKK1 gene; Osteoporosis; SP7 gene; Single nucleotide polymorphism; ZBTB40 gene