title: Evaluation on shear bond strength of different glass ionomer and hydroxy apatite cements used in ossiculoplasty.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Glass ionomer cements (GIC) have been widely used in dentistry for many years. In recent years, GIC have also been used for ossiculoplasty. The bond strength of GIC used in ossiculoplasty and the way they may change over the years in the cementation area are being questioned. The bonding strength of the substance may be of importance for long-term outcomes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the bond strength of different GIC on ossicles.
  
  
  METHODS
  In vitro study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty ossicles were obtained from patients who had undergone ear surgery. All specimens were randomly divided into four subgroups. All specimens were inserted into a specially designed apparatus for shear bond strength (SBS) testing. The tested materials [Aqua Meron (AM), Aqua Cem (AC), Ketac Cem (KC), and Otomimix CPB (OH)] were prepared and applied according to the manufacturer's instructions. The SBS was tested using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean SBSs were found to be 13.28 MPa, 23.43 MPa, 8.51MPa, and 1.78 MPa for AM, AC, KC, and OH, respectively. AC had the highest SBS, which was statistically significantly different from that of KC and OH (p<0.05). Both AM and KC had higher SBS than OH (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results obtained in this study by investigating the bone-bonding strength of cements widely used in ossiculoplasty demonstrate that some of these substances have a greater ability to bond to ossicles compared to others. Further clinical investigations are needed to test different parameters.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, İstanbul Medeniyet University Faculty of Medicine, Göztepe Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: M Tayyar
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Kalcıoğlu
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, İnönü University Faculty of Dentistry, Malatya, Turkey.
authors.forename: İsmail Hakkı
authors.initials: İH
authors.lastname: Uzun
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, İnönü University Faculty of Dentistry, Malatya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Muhammet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yalçın
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, İnönü University Faculty of Dentistry, Malatya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Meral Arslan
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Malkoç
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, İnönü University Faculty of Dentistry, Malatya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ayşe Tuba
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Öğreten
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, İstanbul Medeniyet University, Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Fatih Mehmet
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Hanege
keywords: Bone cement; bond strength; ossicles; ossiculoplasty