title: Demographics and outcomes of patients with pediatric febrile convulsive status epilepticus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Convulsive status epilepticus with fever is common and may be related to neurological sequela in children. However, there are limited data on the demographics and risk factors of this phenomenon. Thus, we aimed to describe the demographics and risk factors of neurological sequela among children with convulsive status epilepticus with fever.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed convulsive status epilepticus with fever cases in the pediatric intensive care unit at Kobe Children's Hospital between 2002 and 2013. We included patients with intrinsic neurological disease, and excluded those with obvious central nervous system infection. Cases of neurological worsening were categorized as poor outcome using the pediatric cerebral performance category scale. Possible risk factors for poor outcome included age, sex, neurological medical history, seizure duration, body temperature, and level of consciousness.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 253 patients (128 males), aged 1 month to 15 years (mean 45 ± 40 months), were enrolled. Three patients (1.2%) died during hospitalization, and 32 (12.6%) patients had a poor outcome. A univariate analysis identified male sex, absence of epilepsy history, body temperature above 40°C on admission, seizure duration longer than 120 minutes, impaired consciousness at 12 hours after onset, and presence of nonconvulsive seizure as potential predictors of poor outcome. A multivariate analysis, revealed that an absence of epilepsy history (odds ratio = 11.18), body temperature above 40°C on admission (odds ratio = 3.39), or impaired consciousness at 12 hours after onset (odds ratio = 41.85) was associated with poor outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study indicated that absence of epilepsy history, high temperature, and/or prolonged impaired consciousness were associated with brain injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Department of Neurology, Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's Hospital, Kobe, Japan. Electronic address: nishiyan0203@yahoo.co.jp.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishiyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's Hospital, Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nagase
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's Hospital, Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: Tsukasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's Hospital, Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's Hospital, Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: Azusa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: Daisaku
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Toyoshima
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: Taku
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: Mariko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taniguchi-Ikeda
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Morioka
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Morisada
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takada
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazumoto
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iijima
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003710:Demography; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D013226:Status Epilepticus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants
keywords: children; consciousness; febrile seizure; fever; hyperthermia; outcome; status epilepticus