title: Innate IgG molecules and innate B cells expressed by immunoglobulin constant heavy G chain (Fcγ) genetic marker genes are involved in the 'allergic march' of IgE sensitization in children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Interindividual variations of immunoglobulin constant heavy G chain (IGHG) genes on chromosome 14q32.3 are identified by alternative genetic markers (GM) of IgG3, IgG1 and IgG2, respectively. They express structurally and functionally innate IgG molecules and B cells, associated with allergic disease, replicated in several studies.
  
  
  METHODS
  1-year-old and 10-year-old, IgE-sensitized and non-sensitized children from the German Multicenter Allergy Study birth cohort were assessed by new serological methods for the mendelian IGHG (Fcγ) (GM) genes, as innate IgG molecules and innate B cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Food allergy sensitization in thirty-five 1-year-old children (124 not sensitized) was associated with the IGHG*bfn haplotype and B*(bfn) cells (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.2-3.1; p = 0.010). Aeroallergen sensitization in ninety-nine 10-year-old children (95 not sensitized) was associated with the same genes (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.02-1.9; p = 0.034). The IgE sensitization was most prominent in the restrictive homozygous IGHG*bfn/*bfn diplotype, 34% at age 1, increasing to 60% at age 10, rating the highest numbers of positive IgE tests, expressing increased levels of IgE and innate IgG2*n.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The IGHG*bfn haplotype (B*(bfn) cells) and increased innate IgG2*n levels are predictive factors for IgE sensitization in childhood. IGHG genes can be assessed for prognostic and preventive purposes in clinical care.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Immunology, University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Vivi-Anne
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Oxelius
authors.forename: Renate
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Krueger
authors.forename: Staffan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahlstedt
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Keil
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Wahn
mesh_terms: D000485:Allergens / Q000276:immunology*; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002883:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14; D005260:Female; D005512:Food Hypersensitivity / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D015870:Gene Expression; D056426:Genetic Loci; D005819:Genetic Markers / Q000276:immunology; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D005819:Genetic Markers; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains; D007073:Immunoglobulin E