title: Ethnogynaecological assessment of medicinal plants in Pashtun's tribal society.
abstract: The present study was designed to document detailed ethnogynaecological knowledge of selected remote regions of Pashtun's tribe in northwest Pakistan. Semistructured questionnaires were designed to collect ethnogynaecological and ethnographic data. Total of 51 medicinal plants belonging to 36 families were documented that were used by the women of studied regions for the treatment of 9 types of gynaecological complaints. Majority of the plants (19) were found used against menses followed by 11 plants each for gonorrhea and pregnancy. Bannu region has high number of gynaecological plants (22) followed by Karak (15). Women of the regions mostly used whole plants (33%) and leaves (31%) for various ethnomedicinal preparation of gynae. Fic results showed that all ailments in different areas scored high consensus ranges between 0.6 and 1.00. Majority of the female respondents (44%) were aged between 61 and 70 years, of which most were illiterate. Women in the remote regions of Pakistan have tremendous traditional knowledge in utilizing medicinal plants for their reproductive health. Plants with high Fic values should be cross-checked for their in vitro and in vivo validation. Young girls should be educated on the importance of ethnogynaecological practices to conserve this valuable knowledge.
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5984-2024
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Adnan
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Akash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tariq
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Sakina
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4449-5258
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mussarat
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, The Mall Rawalpindi, Punjab 46000, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Shaheen
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7785-4499
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Begum
authors.affiliation: Riyadh Community College, King Saud University, Riyadh 11437, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Naser M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: AbdEIsalam
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Government College Ara Khel, Frontier Region Kohat 26000, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Riaz
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2860-467X
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ullah
mesh_terms: D000346:Afghanistan; D000368:Aged; D000884:Anthropology, Cultural / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008519:Medicine, Traditional / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010154:Pakistan; D008517:Phytotherapy / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology*; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D028321:Plant Preparations