title: Unpredicted effects of Ankaferd® on cartilage tissue.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aims to investigate the histopathological changes secondary to the administration of Ankaferd Blood Stopper® (ABS) into the auricular cartilage.
  
  
  METHODS
  Both of the auricular cartilages of thirty New Zealand rabbits were marked with tattoo ink. A 0.2-cc ABS (study group, n: 30) and 0.2 cc physiological saline (control group, n: 30) were subcutaneously infused into the right auricle and left auricle, respectively. All layers were removed at 14 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ABS group had significantly higher level of fibrosis, necrosis, foreign body reaction, inflammation, and cartilage degeneration, compared to the controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study results showed that ABS administration into a closed cavity led to a significantly increased fibrosis and necrosis in the auricular cartilage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Bulent Ecevit University Zonguldak, Turkey.
authors.forename: Cenk
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Evren
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Bulent Ecevit University Zonguldak, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet Birol
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Uğur
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Bulent Ecevit University Zonguldak, Turkey.
authors.forename: Burhan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yıldırım
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Bulent Ecevit University Zonguldak, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sibel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bektaş
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Bulent Ecevit University Zonguldak, Turkey.
authors.forename: Volkan Bilge
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Yiğit
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Bulent Ecevit University Zonguldak, Turkey.
authors.forename: Fikret
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Çınar
keywords: Ankaferd; cartilage; hemostatic agent