title: Advantages of microsurgical varicocelectomy over conventional techniques.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Varicocelectomy is the only effective method of treating varicocele. Nowdays, many techniques for varicocelectomy include retroperitoneal, inguinal, and subinguinal varicocele repairs with or without magnification and laparoscopic repair. The advantages of the microsurgical approach to varicocele repairs are reliable identification and preservation of the vascular structures. Thus, our aim is to compare the efficiency of microsurgery over conventional techniques of varicocele repairs.
  
  
  METHODS
  We have evaluated 105 man divided into three groups of 35 patients surgically treated with open varicocelectomy in the first group, microsurgical varicocelectomy in the second, and laparoscopic varicocelectomy in the third group. Sperm test improvement and complications were then compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The testicular volume shows a significant increase after all three types of surgery, the highest one being after the laparascopic varicocelectomy (14.47 ± 6.76 vs. 21.8 ± 7.52), whereas the lowest increase was recorded in open varicocelectomy (14.90 ± 6.26 vs. 17.46 ± 5.89). Regarding motility of spermatozoids, the highest postoperative increase of values is after microsurgical varicocelectomy (4.30 ± 2.19 vs. 15.88 ± 3.13).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study shows the lowest degree of postoperative complications among patients treated with microsurgical varicocelectomy, and the most frequent complications in those treated by open varicocelectomy. Sperm test outcomes after microsurgical varicocelectomy was better than those after other conventional techniques: significantly higher improvement of sperm quality, shoter postsurgical clinical treatment, and the lowest rate of postsurgical complications.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, University of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro. marko.vukovic09@gmail.com.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pajovic
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Radojevic
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dimitrovski
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Radovic
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rolovic
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vukovic
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008866:Microsurgery; D009929:Organ Size; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D011184:Postoperative Period; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055101:Semen Analysis; D013737:Testis / Q000473:pathology; D014646:Varicocele / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D014945:Wound Healing; D055815:Young Adult