title: The influence of gait cadence on the ground reaction forces and plantar pressures during load carriage of young adults.
abstract: Biomechanical gait parameters--ground reaction forces (GRFs) and plantar pressures--during load carriage of young adults were compared at a low gait cadence and a high gait cadence. Differences between load carriage and normal walking during both gait cadences were also assessed. A force plate and an in-shoe plantar pressure system were used to assess 60 adults while they were walking either normally (unloaded condition) or wearing a backpack (loaded condition) at low (70 steps per minute) and high gait cadences (120 steps per minute). GRF and plantar pressure peaks were scaled to body weight (or body weight plus backpack weight). With medium to high effect sizes we found greater anterior-posterior and vertical GRFs and greater plantar pressure peaks in the rearfoot, forefoot and hallux when the participants walked carrying a backpack at high gait cadences compared to walking at low gait cadences. Differences between loaded and unloaded conditions in both gait cadences were also observed.
authors.affiliation: Center of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, School of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; Activity and Human Movement Study Center/Department of Physiotherapy, School of Allied Health Science, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Rua Valente Perfeito, 322, 4400-330 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal; Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal. Electronic address: marcelo.peduzzi.castro@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Marcelo P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Biotechnology, Portuguese Catholic University, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Maria Cristina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Figueiredo
authors.affiliation: Center of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, School of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Sofia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abreu
authors.affiliation: Center of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, School of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; Activity and Human Movement Study Center/Department of Physiotherapy, School of Allied Health Science, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Rua Valente Perfeito, 322, 4400-330 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal.
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sousa
authors.affiliation: Center of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, School of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Leandro
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.affiliation: Activity and Human Movement Study Center/Department of Physiotherapy, School of Allied Health Science, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Rua Valente Perfeito, 322, 4400-330 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal.
authors.forename: Rubim
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Center of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, School of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: João Paulo
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Vilas-Boas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001835:Body Weight; D005260:Female; D005528:Foot / Q000502:physiology*; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011312:Pressure; D016138:Walking; D016474:Weight-Bearing / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Backpack; Gait speed; Walking