title: Evolution and single-nucleotide polymorphisms in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin and daptomycin, based on determination of the complete genome.
abstract: We obtained a series of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates, including both daptomycin-susceptible strain TD1 and daptomycin-resistant strain TD4, from a patient. We determined the complete genome sequences of TD1 and TD4 using next-generation sequencing, and only four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified, one each in capB (E58K), rpoB (H481Y), lytN (I16V), and mprF (V351E). We determined that these four SNPs were sufficient to cause the strains to develop daptomycin, vancomycin, and rifampin resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan Department of Infection Control, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan tetsuo.yamaguchi@med.toho-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Tetsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Shingo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Treatment for Health Scientific Research, Bunkyo Gakuin University Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Sakiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Okamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology Laboratory, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuri
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan Department of Infection Control, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Ayaka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tsukimori
authors.affiliation: Department of Infection Control, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Itaru
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Center for Biological Resources and Informatics, Dainichiseika-Donated Chair of Research Division for Innovative Biomaterials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Norihiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Anri
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Masuya
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shiina
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan Department of Infection Control, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005075:Biological Evolution; D017576:Daptomycin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D014640:Vancomycin; D017576:Daptomycin