title: In vitro susceptibility patterns of clinically important Trichophyton and Epidermophyton species against nine antifungal drugs.
abstract: Despite the common, worldwide, occurrence of dermatophytes, little information is available regarding susceptibility profiles against currently available and novel antifungal agents. A collection of sixty-eight clinical Trichophyton species and Epidermophyton floccosum were previously identified and verified to the species level by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of rDNA. MICs of amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, isavuconazole, terbinafine and MECs of caspofungin and anidulafungin were performed based on CLSI M38-A2. The resulting MIC90 s of all strains were, in increasing order, as follows: terbinafine (0.063 mg l(-1) ); posaconazole (1 mg l(-1) ); isavuconazole and anidulafungin (2 mg l(-1) ); itraconazole, voriconazole, amphotericin B, and caspofungin (4 mg l(-1) ) and fluconazole (>64 mg l(-1) ). These results confirm that terbinafine is an excellent agent for treatment of dermatophytosis due to T. rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, T. verrucosum, T. schoenleinii and E. floccosum. In addition, the new azoles POS and ISA are potentially useful antifungals to treat dermatophytosis. However, the clinical effectiveness of these novel antifungals remains to be determined.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology/Invasive Fungi Research Center (IFRC), School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Badali
authors.forename: Rasoul
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mohammadi
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Mashedi
authors.forename: G Sybren
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: de Hoog
authors.forename: Jacques F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Meis
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077612:Anidulafungin; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077336:Caspofungin; D054714:Echinocandins / Q000494:pharmacology; D004821:Epidermophyton / Q000187:drug effects*; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D017964:Itraconazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D055666:Lipopeptides; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D009570:Nitriles / Q000494:pharmacology; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077291:Terbinafine; D014005:Tinea / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D014230:Triazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D014249:Trichophyton / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects*; D065819:Voriconazole / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D054714:Echinocandins; D055666:Lipopeptides; D009281:Naphthalenes; D009570:Nitriles; D011725:Pyridines; D014230:Triazoles; D017964:Itraconazole; C508735:isavuconazole; C101425:posaconazole; D000666:Amphotericin B; D015725:Fluconazole; D000077612:Anidulafungin; D000077336:Caspofungin; D000077291:Terbinafine; D065819:Voriconazole
keywords: Dermatophytosis; E. floccosum; ITS rDNA; Trichophyton species; antifungal susceptibility