title: Intracranial Hypertension in Children: Etiologies, Clinical Features, and Outcome.
abstract: This retrospective study aimed to describe the clinical presentations, possible causes, and outcomes of children with idiopathic intracranial hypertension who presented to the authors' clinic. The mean age at onset of symptoms in the authors' cohort of 19 children was 6 years (range: 7 months to 12 years). Most patients (90%) were under 11 years old and (84.2%) symptomatic. The probable cause was identified in 7/19 (37.0%) patients. The most common cause was vitamin D deficiency (26.3%). Other associated probably coincidental comorbidities included sinusitis (5/19, 26.3%), hypophosphatasia (1/19), Pyle disease (1/19), and measles vaccine (1/19). Apart from 2 patients who required lumboperitoneal shunt, the cerebrospinal fluid pressure returned to normal in all patients within a period of 6 weeks to 1 year (average, 5 months). Of those who followed up with the authors' ophthalmologist, 30.7% developed optic atrophy or pallor; 75% of these patients had previous ocular comorbidities.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Division of Child Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan masriamira69@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Amira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Masri
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
authors.forename: Amani
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jaafar
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Resident Department of Pediatrics, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
authors.forename: Rasha
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Noman
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Jordan and Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan.
authors.forename: Almutez
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gharaibeh
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Jordan and Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan.
authors.forename: Osama H
authors.initials: OH
authors.lastname: Ababneh
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D019586:Intracranial Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: benign intracranial hypertension; cerebrospinal fluid pressure; papilledema; pseudotumor cerebri