title: In Vitro Evaluation of Titanium Exfoliation During Simulated Surgical Insertion of Dental Implants.
abstract: Dissolution of titanium wear particles in the oral environment, and their accumulation in the surrounding tissues have been associated with failure of dental implants (DI). The goal of this study is to investigate the effect of mechanical forces involved in surgical insertion of DI on surface wear and metal particle generation. It was hypothesized that mechanical factors associated with implant placement can lead to the generation of titanium particles in the oral environment. The testing methodology for surface evaluation employed simulated surgical insertion, followed by removal of DI in different densities of simulated bone material. Torsional forces were monitored for the insertion and removal of DI. The surface of the simulated bone materials was inspected with optical microscopy to detect traces of metallic particles that may have been generated during the procedure. Further characterization of the composition of powders collected from osteotomy cavities was conducted with powder X-ray diffraction. The results showed that the different densities of simulated bone material affected the torsional forces associated with implant insertion. However, the mechanical factors involved in the implant insertion/removal procedure did not generate wear particles, as confirmed by powder X-ray experiments.
authors.affiliation: 1  Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas.
authors.forename: Sathyanarayanan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sridhar
authors.affiliation: 2  Private practice of Periodontics, Dallas, Texas.
authors.forename: Thomas G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.affiliation: 2  Private practice of Periodontics, Dallas, Texas.
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Valderrama
authors.affiliation: 3  Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas.
authors.forename: Pilanda
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Watkins-Curry
authors.affiliation: 3  Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas.
authors.forename: Julia Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: 1  Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas.
authors.forename: Danieli C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
mesh_terms: D015921:Dental Implants; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants; D014025:Titanium
keywords: dental implant; peri-implantitis; titanium