title: Use of clean intermittent self-catheterization in France: A survey of patient and GP perspectives.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the prevalence of GP (general practitioner) patients performing ISC (intermittent self-catheterization), to describe GP and patient knowledge about ISC and to assess the patients' quality of life.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study was conducted in metropolitan France between November 2012 and September 2013 with French Sentinelles GPs and their patients (≥18 years) performing ISC. Linear regression models assessed independent associations between quality of life scores (Qualiveen and SF-12 scores) and patients' characteristics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of ISC performers was estimated to be 61.7 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 61.0-62.4) of 100,000 inhabitants. Patients were males in 58.8% of cases and 53.8 years of age on average. They performed 4.84 catheterizations per day for 10.5 years. Over 1 year, there were 118 (55.1%) cases of patient-reported urinary incontinence (UI) and 158 (63.3%) cases of patient-reported urinary tract infection (UTI). Symptomatic UTIs were treated with antibiotics in 79.7% of cases. The average Qualiveen score was 1.38 (95%CI: 1.23-1.53). The average SF-12 Physical Component Score (PCS) and Mental Component Score (MCS) were 38.6 (95%CI: 36.8-40.4) and 46.4 (95%CI: 44.3-48.5), respectively. According to multivariate analysis, a poorer Qualiveen score and constipation reduced the PCS and a urinary medication prescription reduced the MCS. A poorer Qualiveen score was also associated with UI and UTI on bivariate analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ISC seems to be significant in French general practice whereas practical skills remain heterogeneous. UI, UTI, and constipation are recurrent issues among ISC performers that significantly decrease their quality of life. Education and adapted guidelines for GP guidance could improve these patients' conditions. Neurourol. Urodynam. 35:528-534, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR_S 1136, Paris, France.|Sorbonne Universities, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Solange
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gonzalez Chiappe
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR_S 1136, Paris, France.|Sorbonne Universities, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lasserre
authors.affiliation: Association Fran, ç, aise d'Urologie [AFU], General Secretary [2004-2007], Paris, France.|AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpétrière, Urology Service, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chartier Kastler
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR_S 1136, Paris, France.|Sorbonne Universities, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France.|EA7310 Laboratory of Virology, Université de Corse-Inserm, Corte, France.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Falchi
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR_S 1136, Paris, France.|Sorbonne Universities, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Fanette
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Blaizeau
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR_S 1136, Paris, France.|Sorbonne Universities, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Blanchon
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR_S 1136, Paris, France.|Sorbonne Universities, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hanslik
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Raymond Poincaré Hospital, Medical School Paris Ile de France Ouest, Versailles Saint Quentin University, Versailles, France.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Denys
mesh_terms: D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D058005:General Practitioners; D006801:Humans; D057928:Intermittent Urethral Catheterization / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D012648:Self Care / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016055:Urinary Retention / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: clean intermittent self-catheterization; general practice; prevalence; quality of life