title: Development of small RNA delivery systems for lung cancer therapy.
abstract: RNA interference (RNAi) has emerged as a powerful tool for studying target identification and holds promise for the development of therapeutic gene silencing. Recent advances in RNAi delivery and target selection provide remarkable opportunities for translational medical research. The induction of RNAi relies on small silencing RNAs, which affect specific messenger RNA (mRNA) degradation. Two types of small RNA molecules, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs), have a central function in RNAi technology. The success of RNAi-based therapeutic delivery may be dependent upon uncovering a delivery route, sophisticated delivery carriers, and nucleic acid modifications. Lung cancer is still the leading cause of cancer death worldwide, for which novel therapeutic strategies are critically needed. Recently, we have reported a novel platform (PnkRNA™ and nkRNA®) to promote naked RNAi approaches through inhalation without delivery vehicles in lung cancer xenograft models. We suggest that a new class of RNAi therapeutic agent and local drug delivery system could also offer a promising RNAi-based strategy for clinical applications in cancer therapy. In this article, we show recent strategies for an RNAi delivery system and suggest the possible clinical usefulness of RNAi-based therapeutics for lung cancer treatment.
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan. kkuwano@jikei.ac.jp.|Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan. kkuwano@jikei.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.affiliation: Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan. kkuwano@jikei.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kazuyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kuwano
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan. tochiya@ncc.go.jp.
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ochiya
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D034622:RNA Interference; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D036104:Receptor, EphA2 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012264:Ribonucleotide Reductases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D012264:Ribonucleotide Reductases; C061570:protein kinase N; D036104:Receptor, EphA2; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D018631:ras Proteins