title: Increased interhemispheric resting-state functional connectivity in paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia: a resting-state fMRI study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD) is a rare movement disorder. The underlying neural mechanisms have not been fully understood. This study aimed to examine the alteration of resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) between interhemispheric homotopic regions in PKD using a technique called "voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity" (VMHC).
  
  
  METHODS
  The VMHC analysis was performed on resting-state functional MRI data from 11 PKD patients and 17 age and gender matched healthy subjects. Comparison between the two groups was conducted. The correlation relationship between VMHC and illness duration was analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with healthy subjects, PKD patients showed increased interhemispheric RSFC in bilateral putamen, primary motor cortex, supplementary motor area, dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex, primary somatosensory cortex, superior and middle occipital gyri, as well as cerebellar tonsil. Besides, negative correlation was detected between illness duration and VMHC in bilateral putamen and the insular cortex.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study provided preliminary evidence of increased interhemispheric RSFC in PKD mainly in the basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical circuitry and cerebellum. A negative correlation between VMHC and illness duration was also detected. These findings could further enhance our understandings of the pathophysiology of PKD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jiechuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Du
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Tianhua
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Dongmei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: An
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fenglai
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaoqi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: qiyonggong@hmrrc.org.cn.
authors.forename: Qiyong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: zhoudong66@yahoo.de.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D063132:Connectome / Q000379:methods*; D004421:Dystonia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Functional connectivity; Interhemispheric; Paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia; Resting state; Voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity; fMRI