title: Evaluation of routine postoperative chest roentgenogram for determination of the correct position of permanent central venous catheters tip.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Proper placement of central venous catheter (CVC) tip could reduce early and late catheter-related complications. Although the live fluoroscopy is standard of care for placement of the catheter, it is not available in many centers. Therefore, the present study evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of bedside chest X-ray (CXR) for proper positioning of the catheter tip.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 82 adult patients undergoing elective placement of tunneled CVC were enrolled in this study during 2010-2012. The catheter tip position was evaluated by postoperative bedside chest radiographs as well as trans-thoracic echocardiogram as definite diagnostic tool. The catheter position was considered correct if the tip was positioned in the right atrium both in CXR or echocardiography. Finally, CXRs interpreted by expert radiologist. Thus findings were compared by echocardiography. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive, and negative predictive values were calculated. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL), and P < 0.05 considered as significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patients were 57.37 ± 18.91 years of age, weighed 65.79 ± 15.58 kg and were 166.36 ± 9.91 cm tall. Sensitivity and specificity of CXR for proper catheter tip position were 74.3% and 58.3%, respectively. Positive and negative predictive values were 91.2% and 28%. In addition accuracy, positive likelihood ratio, and negative likelihood ratio were 71.9%, 1.78, and 2.27 respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bedside CXR alone does not reliably predict malpositioning after CVC placement.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Surgery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Fereshteh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Salimi
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hekmatnia
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Javad
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shahabi
authors.affiliation: Department of Specialist Recourses, Vice Chancellor's Office for Treatment Affairs, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Keshavarzian
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Maracy
authors.affiliation: Medical Education Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Amir Hosein Davarpanah
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Jazi
keywords: Chest X-ray; hemodialysis; tunneled central catheter