title: Topical and effective hemostatic medicines in the battlefield.
abstract: Uncontrolled hemorrhage has been considered as one of the most important factors for causing death on the battlefront. If given timely and efficient hemostatic medicines in pre-hospital setting, patients will obtain more time and chance to wait for medical treatment so as to save their lives. However, there is not a certain answer about which kind of hemostatic drugs can achieve efficacious effect to hemostasis in the battle. This review aims to summarize effective hemostatic medicines applied in battlefield from 41 articles. After analyzing and comparing the efficacy and complications of those products, we conclude that Fibrin Sealant Dressing, Celox and Woundstat are prior to other materials to stanch life-threatening extremity hemorrhage on the battlefield based on present research in the related area. Therefore, in the prevalence of some inevitable battlefield throughout the world, especially in the Middle Eastern countries, our findings suggest for the first time that the effective hemostatic device is not only a key point to link pre-hospital and hospital care but also an essential way to increase the survival rate of battlefront in the foreseeable future.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China.
authors.forename: Yin-Juan
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an, PR China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China.
authors.forename: Xi-Wen
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: Liu
keywords: Battlefield; celox; farin sealant dressing; hemostatic; woundstat