title: Capsaicin-containing chili improved postprandial hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and fasting lipid disorders in women with gestational diabetes mellitus and lowered the incidence of large-for-gestational-age newborns.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) may increase the future health risks of women and their offspring. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of capsaicin supplementation on blood glucose, lipid metabolism and pregnancy outcomes in women with GDM.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-four pregnant women with GDM at 22-33 gestational weeks were randomly assigned to the capsaicin group (5 mg/d of capsaicin) or to the placebo group (0 mg/d of capsaicin) for 4 weeks in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. The concentrations of fasting plasma glucose and serum insulin, 2-h postprandial plasma glucose (2-h PG) and serum insulin (2-h INS), and fasting serum lipids, liver and kidney function parameters, and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) were measured at 0 and 4 weeks. The maternal and neonatal outcomes were also recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-two women completed the trial. Compared to the placebo group, 2-h PG and 2-h INS concentrations and 2-h postprandial HOMA-IR (2-h HOMA-IR) levels, and the fasting serum total cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations significantly decreased in the capsaicin group after treatment (P < 0.05). Moreover, the fasting serum apolipoprotein B and CGRP concentrations significantly increased in the capsaicin group (P < 0.05). The changes in the 2-h PG and 2-h INS concentrations and in the 2-h HOMA-IR were negatively correlated with the change in the serum CGRP concentration (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the incidence of large-for-gestational-age (LGA) newborns was significantly lower in the capsaicin group than in the placebo group (P = 0.022).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Capsaicin-containing chili supplementation regularly improved postprandial hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia as well as fasting lipid metabolic disorders in women with GDM, and it decreased the incidence of LGA newborns.
authors.affiliation: Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, No. 30, Gaotanyan Street, Sha Pingba Distract, Chongqing 400038, China; Department of Clinical Nutrition, No. 44 Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, China.
authors.forename: Li-Jia
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, No. 30, Gaotanyan Street, Sha Pingba Distract, Chongqing 400038, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, No. 30, Gaotanyan Street, Sha Pingba Distract, Chongqing 400038, China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, No. 30, Gaotanyan Street, Sha Pingba Distract, Chongqing 400038, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Xin Qiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, No. 30, Gaotanyan Street, Sha Pingba Distract, Chongqing 400038, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, No. 30, Gaotanyan Street, Sha Pingba Distract, Chongqing 400038, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, No. 30, Gaotanyan Street, Sha Pingba Distract, Chongqing 400038, China.
authors.forename: Shi-Hui
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, No. 30, Gaotanyan Street, Sha Pingba Distract, Chongqing 400038, China.
authors.forename: Qian-Yong
authors.initials: QY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, No. 30, Gaotanyan Street, Sha Pingba Distract, Chongqing 400038, China.
authors.forename: Jun-Dong
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, No. 30, Gaotanyan Street, Sha Pingba Distract, Chongqing 400038, China. Electronic address: zhouyongtmmu@outlook.com.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, No. 30, Gaotanyan Street, Sha Pingba Distract, Chongqing 400038, China. Electronic address: mimantian@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Man-Tian
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Mi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide / Q000097:blood; D002211:Capsaicin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002212:Capsicum / Q000737:chemistry; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D005320:Fetal Macrosomia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000188:drug therapy; D006946:Hyperinsulinism / Q000188:drug therapy; D015994:Incidence; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008019:Life Style; D008517:Phytotherapy; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D007328:Insulin; D028321:Plant Preparations; D014280:Triglycerides; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; D002211:Capsaicin
keywords: Calcitonin gene-related peptide; Capsaicin; Gestational diabetes mellitus; Glucose metabolism; Large-for-gestational-age newborns