title: Effects of driver age and experience in abrupt-onset hazards.
abstract: Novice drivers and older drivers are found to have the highest crash risk among all drivers and this has motivated many research studies into various aspects of novice and older drivers. Although age-related declines were expected, studies did not find older drivers to respond slower to hazards. This study examined the hazard detection and response latencies of 14 young novice drivers, 14 young experienced drivers, and 12 older experienced drivers, to abrupt-onset hazards. Older drivers were found to take longer times before fixating on an abrupt-onset road hazard but appeared to have insignificantly faster reaction times after the initial fixation. Hence, the overall response latency did not suggest any age effects. Older drivers also scanned the roadway less as compared to their younger counterparts. No effects of experience were found. The findings provided insight on age-related declines in hazard detection whose effects have been masked by other components of hazard response.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Infrastructure Systems, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue N1-B1b-09, Singapore 639798. Electronic address: jsyeung1@e.ntu.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Jian Sheng
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Yeung
authors.affiliation: Centre for Infrastructure Systems, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue N1-B1b-09, Singapore 639798. Electronic address: cydwong@ntu.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Yiik Diew
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Wong
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008016:Life Change Events; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011340:Problem Solving; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D012846:Singapore; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Abrupt-onset hazard; Novice drivers; Older drivers; Reaction time; Response latency; Time-to-first-fixation