title: The Circulating Level of Soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products Displays Different Patterns in Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  RAGE is a transmembrane receptor expressed on immune and endothelial cells, whose binding with its ligands, the S100 calgranulins, leads to chronic inflammation. Conversely, its soluble form (sRAGE) plays a protective role by acting as a decoy. We carried out a cross-sectional analysis of the sRAGE and S100A12 serum levels in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) and searched for a correlation with clinical and biological markers of activity.
  
  
  METHODS
  We enrolled 60 CD, 67 UC patients, and 66 controls (all adults). Disease activity was scored through the clinical, endoscopic, and histologic indexes of severity, whilst disease location and behaviour were assessed according to the Montreal classification. In all cases, the levels of serum sRAGE, S100A12, C-reactive protein, and faecal calprotectin were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  sRAGE levels were significantly lower in UC, both active and inactive, than in controls and CD (817.35, range 437.3-1449; 1211, range 843.7-1618; 1207.5, range 743.15-1875.75; P < 0.05 for both), and inversely correlated with clinical and endoscopic indexes of activity in both IBD groups (P < 0.05 for all) and with the histologic score in the CD group. Moreover, those CD patients with a penetrating behaviour showed a significant reduction in both sRAGE (P = 0.006) and S100A12 (P = 0.034) as compared to those with an inflammatory/stricturing pattern. Although S100A12 levels were not found up-regulated, a negative correlation appeared evident with the clinical (r = -0.38) and endoscopic (r = -0.32) indexes of activity in UC and CD, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest a different role for RAGE in CD and UC, and a potential use of sRAGE as a new biomarker.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy, rachele.ciccocioppo@unipv.it.
authors.forename: Rachele
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ciccocioppo
authors.forename: Venerina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Imbesi
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Betti
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Boccaccio
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kruzliak
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gallia
authors.forename: Giuseppina Cristina
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Cangemi
authors.forename: Gabriella Carnevale
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Maffe
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vanoli
authors.forename: Serena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Merante
authors.forename: Mara
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Amici
authors.forename: Colomba
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Falcone
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Klersy
authors.forename: Gino Roberto
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Corazza
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000097:blood*; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000097:blood*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000097:blood*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic