title: Enhanced osteointegration on tantalum-implanted polyetheretherketone surface with bone-like elastic modulus.
abstract: Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) possesses a similar elastic modulus as bones but yet suffers from bio-inertness and poor osteogenesis. In this work, tantalum ions are implanted energetically into PEEK by plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) to form Ta2O5 nanoparticles in the near surface. Nanoindentation reveals that the surface elastic modulus of the Ta ion implanted PEEK is closer to that of human cortical bones. In vitro cell adhesion, alkaline phosphatase activity, collagen secretion, extracellular matrix mineralization, and real-time PCR analyses disclose enhanced adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of rat bone mesenchymal stem cells (bMSCs) on the Ta-PIII modified PEEK. In vivo evaluation of the cortico-cancellous rat femur model by means of micro-CT, sequential fluorescent labeling, and histological analysis after 8 weeks confirms significantly improved osteointegration. The bone-like elastic modulus and modified surface topography of the Ta-PIII modified PEEK synergistically induce osteogenic differentiation of bMSCs and the surface-modified materials have large potential in dental and orthopedic implants.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, PR China; Oral Bioengineering Lab, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, PR China.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China.
authors.forename: Shi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China.
authors.forename: Huiliang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China.
authors.forename: Congqin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ning
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers & Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiaoxia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, PR China; Oral Bioengineering Lab, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, PR China. Electronic address: xinquanjiang@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Xinquan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China. Electronic address: xyliu@mail.sic.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Xuanyong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Paul K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Chu
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001577:Benzophenones; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism; D055119:Elastic Modulus / Q000187:drug effects*; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D007659:Ketones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000187:drug effects; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011108:Polymers; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D051381:Rats; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013499:Surface Properties; D013635:Tantalum / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography
chemical_list: D001577:Benzophenones; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007659:Ketones; D011108:Polymers; C063834:polyetheretherketone; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D013635:Tantalum; D003094:Collagen; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase
keywords: Elastic modulus; Osteointegration; Plasma immersion ion implantation; Polyetheretherketone; Tantalum