title: Systemic oxidative profile after tumor removal and the tumor microenvironment in melanoma patients.
abstract: This study highlights the systemic oxidative changes in patients submitted to primary cutaneous melanoma removal. Cutaneous melanoma is highly aggressive and its incidence is increasing worldwide. We evaluated systemic oxidative stress (OS) and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) expression in melanoma tissue in relation to the Breslow thickness in patients under surveillance. Forty-three patients with cutaneous melanoma and 50 healthy volunteers were recruited. Patients were divided into two groups according to the tumor's Breslow thickness: T1/T2 (<2 mm) and T3/T4 (≥2 mm). Systemic OS and inflammatory mediators were evaluated in plasma, and the 3-NT expression was analyzed via immunohistochemistry. Compared with the controls, the patients had lower blood levels of reduced glutathione, higher malondialdehyde and thiol levels, and a higher total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter to uric acid ratio. The C-reactive protein and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase were increased only in the T3/T4 group. High levels of 3-NT were present only in T3/T4 patients. Our data suggested that a correlation exists between the Breslow thickness and a systemic pro-oxidant status, and that oxidative changes induced by the melanoma remain in the microenvironment post-surgery, demonstrating a role for oxygen species in melanoma.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of General Pathology, State University of Londrina, PR445, Km 380, Londrina, PR 86057-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sara Santos
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Bernardes
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of General Pathology, State University of Londrina, PR445, Km 380, Londrina, PR 86057-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernando Pinheiro
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: de Souza-Neto
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14049-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leandra Náira Zambelli
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Ramalho
authors.affiliation: Londrina Cancer Hospital, Rua Lucilla Ballalai, 212, Londrina, PR 86015-520, Brazil; Department of Pathology, Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, University Hospital, State University of Londrina, Av. Robert Koch, 60, Londrina, PR 86038-350, Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniela Rudgeri
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Derossi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14049-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Flávia Alessandra
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Guarnier
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of General Pathology, State University of Londrina, PR445, Km 380, Londrina, PR 86057-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cássio Fernando Nunes
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of General Pathology, State University of Londrina, PR445, Km 380, Londrina, PR 86057-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gabriella Pascoal
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Melo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, University Hospital, State University of Londrina, Av. Robert Koch, 60, Londrina, PR 86038-350, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andréa Name Colado
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Simão
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pathophysiology and Free Radicals, Department of General Pathology, State University of Londrina, PR445, Km 380, Londrina, PR 86057-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rubens
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cecchini
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of General Pathology, State University of Londrina, PR445, Km 380, Londrina, PR 86057-970, Brazil. Electronic address: alcecchini@uel.br.
authors.forename: Alessandra Lourenço
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Cecchini
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D012878:Skin Neoplasms; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult; D000096142:Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma
chemical_list: C002744:3-nitrotyrosine; D014443:Tyrosine
keywords: 3-nitrotyrosine; Breslow; Inflammation; Melanoma; Oxidative stress