title: Nanotechnology-mediated nose to brain drug delivery for Parkinson's disease: a mini review.
abstract: Nose to brain delivery of neurotherapeutics have been tried by several researchers to explore the virtues of this route viz. circumvention of BBB, avoidance of hepatic metabolism, practicality, safety, ease of administration and non-invasiveness. Nanoparticle (NP) therapeutics is an emerging modality for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) as it offers targeted delivery and enhances the therapeutic efficacy and/or bioavailability of neurotherapeutics. This review presents a concise incursion into the nanomedicines suitable for PD therapy delivered via naso-brain transport. Clinical signs of PD, its pathophysiology, specific genetic determinants, diagnosis and therapy involved have been hashed out. Properties of brain-targeting NPs, transport efficacy and various nanocarriers developed so far also been furnished. In our opinion, nanotechnology-enabled naso-brain drug delivery is an excellent means of delivering neurotherapeutics and is a promising avenue for researchers to develop new formulations for the effective management of PD.
authors.affiliation: a Industrial Pharmacy Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics , R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research , Shirpur , Maharashtra , India .
authors.forename: Abhijeet D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
authors.affiliation: a Industrial Pharmacy Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics , R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research , Shirpur , Maharashtra , India .
authors.forename: Yogesh H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Vanjari
authors.affiliation: a Industrial Pharmacy Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics , R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research , Shirpur , Maharashtra , India .
authors.forename: Karan H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Sancheti
authors.affiliation: b Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , R.T.M. Nagpur University , Nagpur , Maharashtra , India , and.
authors.forename: Veena S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Belgamwar
authors.affiliation: c Department of Pharmacognosy , R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research , Shirpur , Maharashtra , India.
authors.forename: Sanjay J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Surana
authors.affiliation: a Industrial Pharmacy Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics , R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research , Shirpur , Maharashtra , India .
authors.forename: Chandrakantsing V
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Pardeshi
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000978:Antiparkinson Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008959:Models, Neurological; D050997:Nanomedicine / Q000379:methods*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000978:Antiparkinson Agents
keywords: Blood–brain barrier; Parkinson's disease; brain–blood ratio; nanomedicines; nanotechnology; nasal drug delivery; neurodegenerative disorders; nose to brain