title: The role of androgens in metabolism, obesity, and diabetes in males and females.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In men, androgen deprivation contributes to the development of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes (T2D). In women, androgen excess predisposes to insulin resistance and T2D. There is a bidirectional modulation of glucose homeostasis by androgens in males and females that is analyzed in this review.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed the literature in both rodents and humans on the role of androgens and the androgen receptor (AR) in the control of glucose and energy metabolism in health, obesity, and T2D.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sex-specific activation of AR in the hypothalamus, skeletal muscle, liver, adipose tissue, and pancreatic islet β-cells accounts for maintenance or disruption in energy metabolism and glucose homeostasis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We argue that AR is a target to prevent androgen-related metabolic disorders.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
authors.forename: Guadalupe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Navarro
authors.forename: Camille
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Allard
authors.forename: Weiwei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Franck
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mauvais-Jarvis
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000728:Androgens / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000378:metabolism; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism*; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000378:metabolism; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D011944:Receptors, Androgen