title: The combined effects of serum lipids, BMI, and fatty liver on 18F-FDG uptake in the liver in a large population from China: an 18F-FDG-PET/CT study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to investigate the combined effects of serum lipids, BMI, and fatty liver on the liver uptake of fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 676 individuals were retrospectively studied. The mean standardized uptake value (SUV) was used to quantify liver (18)F-FDG uptake. Univariate analyses and multivariate regression models identified variables that predicted the mean liver SUV before and after dichotomizing participants into low and high BMI groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean liver SUV (1.831 ± 0.417) differed significantly among nutritional categories (P = 0.005) and degrees of fatty liver (P < 0.001). An increase in mean liver SUV was noted in individuals with mild and moderate fatty liver compared with normal individuals and in overweight individuals compared with underweight individuals, whereas a downward trend was identified in both individuals with severe fatty liver and those who were obese. BMI had the strongest association with severity of fatty liver (r = 0.443, P < 0.001). Triglyceride, HDL, apolipoprotein-A, age, and BMI were independent variables predicting liver SUV mean in the whole population, whereas fatty liver severity presented as an independent variable only in the low BMI population (P = 0.031).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BMI, age, triglyceride, HDL, and apolipoprotein-A were independent variables predicting liver (18)F-FDG uptake. Mild and moderate degree of fatty liver had a positive effect on liver (18)F-FDG uptake, whereas a severe degree of fatty liver negatively affected (18)F-FDG uptake. Attention should be paid to liver metabolism in patients with fatty liver before using liver as the comparator in determining focal (18)F-FDG uptake elsewhere within the abdomen.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Guobing
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yanli
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Pengcheng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Dengfeng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Hongcheng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002681:China; D005234:Fatty Liver; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D064847:Multimodal Imaging / Q000379:methods; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18