title: Anaerobic naphthalene degradation by sulfate-reducing Desulfobacteraceae from various anoxic aquifers.
abstract: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are widespread and persistent environmental contaminants, especially in oxygen-free environments. The occurrence of anaerobic PAH-degrading bacteria and their underlying metabolic pathways are rarely known. In this study, PAH degraders were enriched in laboratory microcosms under sulfate-reducing conditions using groundwater and sediment samples from four PAH-contaminated aquifers. Five enrichment cultures were obtained showing sulfate-dependent naphthalene degradation. Mineralization of naphthalene was demonstrated by the formation of sulfide concomitant with the depletion of naphthalene and the development of (13)C-labeled CO2 from [(13)C6]-naphthalene. 16S rRNA gene and metaproteome analyses revealed that organisms related to Desulfobacterium str. N47 were the main naphthalene degraders in four enrichment cultures. Protein sequences highly similar to enzymes of the naphthalene degradation pathway of N47 were identified, suggesting that naphthalene was activated by a carboxylase, and that the central metabolite 2-naphthoyl-CoA was further reduced by two reductases. The data indicate an importance of members of the family Desulfobacteraceae for naphthalene degradation under sulfate-reducing conditions in freshwater environments.
authors.affiliation: UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Permoserstraße 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany University of Freiburg, Faculty of Biology, Schaenzlestraße 1, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Steffen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kümmel
authors.affiliation: UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Proteomics, Permoserstraße 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Florian-Alexander
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Herbst
authors.affiliation: UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Permoserstraße 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Arne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bahr
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research - HZI, Microbial Interactions and Processes Research Group, Inhoffenstrasse 7, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany.
authors.forename: Márcia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research - HZI, Microbial Interactions and Processes Research Group, Inhoffenstrasse 7, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany.
authors.forename: Dietmar H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Pieper
authors.affiliation: UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Proteomics, Permoserstraße 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Nico
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jehmlich
authors.affiliation: University of Freiburg, Faculty of Biology, Schaenzlestraße 1, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany University of Hohenheim, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Emil-Wolff-Straße 8-10, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Seifert
authors.affiliation: University of Freiburg, Faculty of Biology, Schaenzlestraße 1, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Metabolomics, Permoserstraße 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: von Bergen
authors.affiliation: UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Permoserstraße 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bombach
authors.affiliation: UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Permoserstraße 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Hans H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Richnow
authors.affiliation: UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Permoserstraße 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany carsten.vogt@ufz.de.
authors.forename: Carsten
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vogt
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis; D002262:Carboxy-Lyases / Q000378:metabolism*; D020564:Deltaproteobacteria / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods*; D060587:Groundwater / Q000382:microbiology; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism*; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D013431:Sulfates / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D009281:Naphthalenes; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D013431:Sulfates; C031721:naphthalene; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D002262:Carboxy-Lyases
keywords: N47; illumina sequencing; metaproteomics