title: Melasma: clinical diagnosis and management options.
abstract: Melasma is a common acquired disorder of pigmentation most commonly seen in those with skin of colour. It has long been a condition that is frustrating for both the dermatologist and patient to treat. This article provides a review of the literature on melasma and examines, in detail, various treatment options currently available to treat it.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria.|Department of Dermatology, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne.|The Skin and Cancer Foundation, Inc.
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Centre, Dallas, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Amit G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Pandya
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002615:Chemexfoliation; D003358:Cosmetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006801:Humans; D006873:Hydroquinones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D053685:Laser Therapy; D008548:Melanosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D011481:Protective Clothing; D012176:Retinoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D003358:Cosmetics; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006873:Hydroquinones; D012176:Retinoids; C031927:hydroquinone
keywords: chloasma; dyschromia; hydroquinone; laser; melasma; peel; pigment; pigmentation; skin of colour; tranexamic acid