title: The toxicological impacts of some heavy metals on carbonic anhydrase from gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) gills.
abstract: It is known that heavy metals have toxic effects on fish. Insufficient measures are a serious problem in our country and around the world. This problem can threaten human health in areas where it is common for people to obtain nutrition from local bodies of water. In this study, the toxicological impacts of some heavy metals were investigated on carbonic anhydrase activity in gilthead gills. Carbonic anhydrase (CA) was purified from gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) gills with a specific activity of 2872.92 EU mg(-1) and a yield of 32.84% using affinity chromatography. The overall purification was approximately ∼ 84-fold. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed a single band, and the MW was approximately 30.5 kDa (Soyut et al., 2008, 2012; Soyut and Beydemir, 2008, 2012; Kaya et al., 2013). The kinetic and characteristic properties of CA such as the optimum pH, stable pH, optimum temperature, activation energy (Ea), activation enthalpy (ΔH), Q10, Km and Vmax were determined. Cadmium (Cd(2+)), copper (Cu(2+)), nickel (Ni(2+)) and silver (Ag(+)) inhibited CA activity in in vitro conditions. Ki values were calculated for these metals. Ki values were 31.20mM for cadmium (Cd(2+)), 161.96 mM for copper (Cu(2+)), 10.79 mM for nickel (Ni(2+)) and 0.0082 mM for silver (Ag(+)) based on Lineweaver-Burk plots. Except for cadmium, heavy metals had the same inhibition mechanism. Cadmium was competitive, and the others were noncompetitive.
authors.affiliation: Iğdır University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, Iğdır, Turkey.
authors.forename: Elif Duygu
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Kaya
authors.affiliation: Bayburt University, Education Faculty, Department of Primary Education, Bayburt, Turkey. Electronic address: hsoyut@bayburt.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Söyüt
authors.affiliation: Atatürk University, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Erzurum, Turkey. Electronic address: beydemir@atauni.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Şükrü
authors.initials: Ş
authors.lastname: Beydemir
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases / Q000378:metabolism*; D005880:Gills / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000633:toxicity*; D021541:Sea Bream / Q000378:metabolism*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D019216:Metals, Heavy; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases
keywords: Carbonic anhydrase; Characterization; Gills; Gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata); Heavy metals