title: High-performance hybrid buffer layer using 1,4,5,8,9,11-hexaazatriphenylenehexacarbonitrile/molybdenum oxide in inverted top-emitting organic light-emitting diodes.
abstract: A high-performance 1,4,5,8,9,11-hexaazatriphenylenehexacarbonitrile (HATCN)/molybdenum oxide (MoO3) hybrid buffer layer with high hole-injection efficiency and superior plasma resistance under the sputtering process was developed. The HATCN enhances the hole-injection efficiency, and the MoO3 effectively protects the underlying organic layers from plasma damage during deposition by sputtering. This improves the characteristics of inverted top-emitting organic light-emitting diodes using a top transparent conductive oxide electrode. The device using the hybrid buffer layer showed the highest electroluminescence characteristics among devices with other buffer layers. The high hole-injection efficiency of HATCN was shown by the J-F curve of hole-only devices, and the plasma protection performance of MoO3 was shown by atomic force microscope surface morphology images of the buffer layer film after O2 plasma treatment.
authors.affiliation: †Display and Nanosystem Laboratory, College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Cheol Hwee
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: †Display and Nanosystem Laboratory, College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Jun
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: †Display and Nanosystem Laboratory, College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ju Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: †Display and Nanosystem Laboratory, College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyu Nyun
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: †Display and Nanosystem Laboratory, College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Sub
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.affiliation: †Display and Nanosystem Laboratory, College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sun-Gyu
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: †Display and Nanosystem Laboratory, College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Chan Hyuk
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: ‡The Institute for High Technology Materials and Devices, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young Wook
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: †Display and Nanosystem Laboratory, College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Byeong-Kwon
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Ju
keywords: 1,4,5,8,9,11-hexaazatriphenylenehexacarbonitrile (HATCN); buffer Layer; inverted top-emitting organic light-emitting diodes (ITEOLEDs); molybdenum oxide (MoO3)