title: Expression of BNIP3 and its correlations to hypoxia-induced autophagy and clinicopathological features in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The expression of Bcl-2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa-interacting protein3 (BNIP3) has been explored in many human malignancies, but not in adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study investigated the clinical significance of expression of BNIP3 in ACC tissues and cells and elucidated its correlations to hypoxia-induced autophagy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining were used to explore BNIP3, HIF-1α and LC3 expression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BNIP3 was positively expressed in 41 cases (63.1%), and was significantly correlated with histological grade (P= 0.001). HIF-1α was positively expressed in 52 cases (80.0%) and was significantly correlated with TNM stage (P= 0.023) and histological grade (P= 0.024). LC3 was positively expressed in 37 cases (56.9%) and was significantly correlated with TNM stage (P= 0.019). The expression of BNIP3 was correlated with HIF-1α expression (P= 0.011). The overall survival in the negative BNIP3 expression group tended to be better than in the positive BNIP3 expression (P= 0.011). In vitro experiment, BNIP3 immunofluorescence staining was detected in cells treated with CoCl2 (for hypoxic condition).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data indicated that BNIP3 plays a vital role in the tumorigenesis of adenoid cystic carcinoma and could be a new target for gene therapy of adenoid cystic carcinoma.
authors.forename: Zhanwei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Haiwei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Shengyun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Wengang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Shizhou
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Peihui
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Xiaoqing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Wenlei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Dongsheng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics; D001343:Autophagy / Q000235:genetics*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D063646:Carcinogenesis; D003528:Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D008875:Middle Aged; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D012469:Salivary Glands / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: C090121:BNIP3 protein, human; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C497442:HIF1A protein, human; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; C477012:MAP1LC3A protein, human; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins
keywords: Adenoid cystic carcinoma; BNIP3; HIF-1α; autophagy; hypoxia