title: Integrating prevention interventions for people living with HIV into care and treatment programs: a systematic review of the evidence.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This review assesses the impact of prevention interventions for people living with HIV on HIV-related mortality, morbidity, retention in care, quality of life, and prevention of ongoing HIV transmission in resource-limited settings (RLSs).
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a systematic review of studies reporting the results of prevention interventions for people living with HIV in RLS published between January 2000 and August 2014. Standardized methods of searching and data abstraction were used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety-two studies met the eligibility criteria: 24 articles related to adherence counseling and support, 13 on risk reduction education and condom provision, 19 on partner HIV testing and counseling, 14 on provision of family planning services, and 22 on assessment and treatment of other sexually transmitted infections. Findings indicate good evidence that adherence counseling and sexually transmitted infection treatment can have a high impact on morbidity, whereas risk reduction education, partner HIV testing and counseling, and family planning counseling can prevent transmission of HIV. More limited evidence was found to support the impact of these interventions on retention in care and quality of life. Most studies did not report cost information, making it difficult to draw conclusions about the cost-effectiveness of these interventions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This evidence suggests that these prevention interventions, if brought to sufficient scale and coverage, can help support and optimize the impact of core treatment and prevention interventions in RLS. Further operational research with more rigorous study designs, and ideally with biomarkers and costing information, is needed to determine the best model for providing these interventions in RLS.
authors.affiliation: *US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Global HIV/AIDS, Atlanta, GA; †Naval Health Research Center, Department of Defense, HIV/AIDS Prevention Program, San Diego, CA; ‡U.S. Department of State, Office of the US Global AIDS Coordinator and Health Diplomacy, Washington, DC; and §US Agency for International Development, Office of HIV/AIDS, Washington, DC.
authors.forename: Amy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Medley
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bachanas
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grillo
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hasen
authors.forename: Ugochukwu
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Amanyeiwe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003376:Counseling; D003906:Developing Countries; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy; D062489:Health Impact Assessment; D006295:Health Resources; D006801:Humans; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D011788:Quality of Life; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D012736:Sex Education; D012747:Sexual Partners