title: Preventing secondary traumatic stress in educators.
abstract: Teachers can be vulnerable to secondary traumatic stress (STS) because of their supportive role with students and potential exposure to students' experiences with traumas, violence, disasters, or crises. STS symptoms, similar to those found in posttraumatic stress disorder, include nightmares, avoidance, agitation, and withdrawal, and can result from secondary exposure to hearing about students' traumas. This article describes how STS presents, how teachers can be at risk, and how STS can manifest in schools. A US Department of Education training program is presented, and thoughts on future directions are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Field Education, University of Southern California School of Social Work, SWC Building, Room 223, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA. Electronic address: hydon@usc.edu.
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hydon
authors.affiliation: Field Education, University of Southern California School of Social Work, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
authors.forename: Marleen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA, Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA.
authors.forename: Audra K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Langley
authors.affiliation: RAND Corporation, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Bradley D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA, Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA.
authors.forename: Sheryl H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kataoka
mesh_terms: D002055:Burnout, Professional / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D000068376:Compassion Fatigue / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D012572:School Health Services; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy; D014937:Work / Q000523:psychology*; D000078329:Workforce
keywords: Compassion fatigue; Educators; Posttraumatic stress disorder; Schools; Secondary traumatic stress; Trauma