title: Watch out! Directional threat-related postures cue attention and the eyes.
abstract: Previous work indicates that threatening facial expressions with averted eye gaze can act as a signal of imminent danger, enhancing attentional orienting in the gazed-at direction. However, this threat-related gaze-cueing effect is only present in individuals reporting high levels of anxiety. The present study used eye tracking to investigate whether additional directional social cues, such as averted angry and fearful human body postures, not only cue attention, but also the eyes. The data show that although body direction did not predict target location, anxious individuals made faster eye movements when fearful or angry postures were facing towards (congruent condition) rather than away (incongruent condition) from peripheral targets. Our results provide evidence for attentional cueing in response to threat-related directional body postures in those with anxiety. This suggests that for such individuals, attention is guided by threatening social stimuli in ways that can influence and bias eye movement behaviour.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Neuroscience , George Mason University , Farifax , VA , USA.
authors.forename: Bobby
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Azarian
authors.affiliation: b Department of Psychology , George Mason University , Farifax , VA , USA.
authors.forename: Elizabeth G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Esser
authors.affiliation: a Department of Neuroscience , George Mason University , Farifax , VA , USA.|b Department of Psychology , George Mason University , Farifax , VA , USA.
authors.forename: Matthew S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Peterson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000786:Anger / Q000502:physiology*; D001007:Anxiety / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D003463:Cues; D005133:Eye Movements / Q000502:physiology*; D005149:Facial Expression; D005239:Fear / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Attention; Eye movements; Orienting; Postures; Threat