title: Comparison between whole-body vibration, light-emitting diode, and cycling warm-up on high-intensity physical performance during sprint bicycle exercise.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of light-emitting diode (LED) irradiation and whole-body vibration (WBV) delivered either in isolation or combination (LED + WBV), warm-up (WU), and a control (C) treatment on performance during a sprint bicycle exercise. Ten cyclists performed a 30-second sprint cycle test under these conditions. The LED light was applied at 4 points bilaterally. Whole-body vibration consisted of 5 minutes of squats associated with WBV. LED + WBV consisted of WBV followed by LED therapy. Warm-up consisted of 17 minutes of moderate-intensity bicycle exercise. Control consisted of 10 minutes at rest. Blood lactate (BL) and ammonia (BA) levels and skin temperature (ST) were determined. Peak power (842 ± 117 vs. 800 ± 106 vs. 809 ± 128 W [p = 0.02 and p = 0.01]), relative power (12.1 ± 1.0 vs. 11.5 ± 0.9 vs. 11.6 ± 1.0 W·kg [p = 0.02 and p = 0.02]), and relative work (277 ± 23 vs. 263 ± 24 vs. 260 ± 23 J·kg [p = 0.02 and p = 0.003]) were higher in the WU group compared with the control and LED groups. In the LED + WBV group, peak (833 ± 115 vs. 800 ± 106 W [p = 0.02]) and relative (11.9 ± 0.9 vs. 11.5 ± 0.9 W·kg [p = 0.02]) power were higher than those in the control group, and relative work (272 ± 22 vs. 260 ± 23 J·kg [p = 0.02]) were improved compared with the LED group. There were no differences for BL, BA, and ST. The findings of this study confirmed the effectiveness of a warm-up as a preparatory activity and demonstrated that LED + WBV and WBV were as effective as WU in improving cyclist performance during a sprint bicycle exercise.
authors.affiliation: 1Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Health and Biological Sciences, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Brazil; 2Brazilian Society of Physiology, São Paulo, Brazil; 3Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Araranguá, Brazil; and 4Inflammation and Metabolism Laboratory, School of Health and Biological Sciences, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Teles
authors.forename: Ivana A T
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Fonseca
authors.forename: Jeanne B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.forename: Marielle M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: de Carvalho
authors.forename: Murilo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xavier
authors.forename: Sidney J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: Núbia C P
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: de Avelar
authors.forename: Vanessa G C
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.forename: Fabiano S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Salvador
authors.forename: Leonardo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Augusto
authors.forename: Vanessa A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Mendonça
authors.forename: Ana C R
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Lacerda
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000641:Ammonia / Q000097:blood; D005080:Exercise Test; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D008027:Light; D008297:Male; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology*; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D012881:Skin Temperature; D014732:Vibration; D063996:Warm-Up Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D019344:Lactic Acid; D000641:Ammonia