title: Comparative testicular transcriptome of wild type and globozoospermic Dpy19l2 knock out mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Globozoospermia is a male infertility phenotype characterized by the presence in the ejaculate of near 100% acrosomeless round-headed spermatozoa with normal chromosomal content. Following intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) these spermatozoa give a poor fertilization rate and embryonic development. We showed previously that most patients have a 200 kb homozygous deletion, which includes DPY19L2 whole coding sequence. Furthermore we showed that the DPY19L2 protein is located in the inner nuclear membrane of spermatids during spermiogenesis and that it is necessary to anchor the acrosome to the nucleus thus performing a function similar to that realized by Sun proteins within the LINC-complex (Linker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton). SUN1 was described to be necessary for gametogenesis and was shown to interact with the telomeres. It is therefore possible that Dpy19l2 could also interact, directly or indirectly, with the DNA and modulate gene expression during spermatogenesis. In this study, we compared the transcriptome of testes from Dpy19l2 knock out and wild type mice in order to identify a potential deregulation of transcripts that could explain the poor fertilization potential of Dpy19l2 mutated spermatozoa.
  
  
  METHODS
  RNA was extracted from testes from DPY19L2 knock out and wild type mice. The transcriptome was carried out using GeneChip® Mouse Exon 1.0 ST Arrays. The biological processes and molecular functions of the differentially regulated genes were analyzed with the PANTHER software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 76 genes were deregulated, 70 were up-regulated and 6 (including Dpy19l2) were down-regulated. These genes were found to be involved in DNA/RNA binding, structural organization, transport and catalytic activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We describe that an important number of genes are differentially expressed in Dpy19l2 mice. This work could help improving our understanding of Dpy19l2 functions and lead to a better comprehension of the molecular mechanism involved in spermatogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, F-38000 France ; Laboratoire AGIM, CNRS FRE3405, Equipe "Génétique, Infertilité et Thérapeutiques", La Tronche, F-38700 France.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Karaouzène
authors.affiliation: Team7 Nanomedicine and Brain, INSERM U836, Grenoble, France ; Institut des Neurosciences, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble, Kragujevac, France ; Clinical Transcriptomics and Proteomics Platform, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire et Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Grenoble, CNRS, Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Michèle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: El Atifi
authors.affiliation: Team7 Nanomedicine and Brain, INSERM U836, Grenoble, France ; Institut des Neurosciences, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble, Kragujevac, France ; Clinical Transcriptomics and Proteomics Platform, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire et Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Grenoble, CNRS, Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Issartel
authors.affiliation: Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, F-38000 France ; Laboratoire AGIM, CNRS FRE3405, Equipe "Génétique, Infertilité et Thérapeutiques", La Tronche, F-38700 France ; CHU de Grenoble, UF de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire, Grenoble cedex 9, F-38043 France.
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grepillat
authors.affiliation: Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, F-38000 France ; Laboratoire AGIM, CNRS FRE3405, Equipe "Génétique, Infertilité et Thérapeutiques", La Tronche, F-38700 France ; CHU de Grenoble, Département de Génétique et Procréation, Grenoble cedex 9, F-38043 France.
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Coutton
authors.affiliation: Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, F-38000 France ; CHU de Grenoble, UF de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire, Grenoble cedex 9, F-38043 France.
authors.forename: Delphine
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.affiliation: Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, F-38000 France ; Laboratoire AGIM, CNRS FRE3405, Equipe "Génétique, Infertilité et Thérapeutiques", La Tronche, F-38700 France.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Arnoult
authors.affiliation: Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, F-38000 France ; Laboratoire AGIM, CNRS FRE3405, Equipe "Génétique, Infertilité et Thérapeutiques", La Tronche, F-38700 France ; CHU de Grenoble, UF de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire, Grenoble cedex 9, F-38043 France.
authors.forename: Pierre F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Ray
keywords: Dpy19l2; Globozoospermia; Male infertility; Spermatogenesis; Transcriptome