title: Assessment of the Internal Fit of Lithium Disilicate Crowns Using Micro-CT.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare the internal fit of lithium disilicate crowns fabricated using digital technology with those fabricated by conventional means.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-five lithium disilicate crowns were fabricated: 15 using digital impression and computer-aided design/computer-aided machining technique (group 1), 15 from the same digital impressions, but using a conventional die and laboratory fabrication process (group 2), and 15 using a conventional poly (vinyl siloxane) (PVS) impression and laboratory fabrication process (group 3). Tooth #15 was prepared for all-ceramic restoration on an ivorine typodont, which was digitized and a replica milled in zirconia to serve as master model. The master zirconia model was used for the impression procedures. Duplicate dies of the master zirconia die were made in polyurethane, enabling the internal fit of each crown to be evaluated using X-ray microcomputed tomography. The total volume of the internal space between the crown and die, the mean and maximum thickness of this space, and the percentage of the space that was at or below 120 μm thickness was calculated for each group and statistically tested for significant difference using one-way ANOVA, with post hoc Scheffé analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Group 1 crowns resulted in a smaller volume of internal space (12.49 ± 1.50 mm(3)) compared to group 2 (15.40 ± 2.59 mm(3) ) and to those of group 3 (18.01 ± 2.44 mm(3)). The mean thickness of the internal space for group 1 (0.16 ± 0.01 mm) and for group 2 (0.17 ± 0.03 mm) was significantly lower than that of group 3 (0.21 ± 0.03 mm). The average percentage of the internal space of a thickness of 120 μm and below was different between the three groups: 46.73 ± 5.66% for group 1, 37.08 ± 17.69% for group 2, and 22.89 ± 9.72% for group 3. Three-dimensional renderings of the internal space were also created.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study suggested that pressed and milled IPS e. max crowns from LAVA COS digital impressions had a better internal fit to the prepared tooth than pressed IPS e.max crowns from PVS impressions in terms of total volume of internal space, average thickness of internal space, and percentage of internal space at or below 120 μm.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: David P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Alfaro
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: N Dorin
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Ruse
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: Ricardo M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: Chris C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Wyatt
mesh_terms: D017076:Computer-Aided Design; D003442:Crowns; D003761:Dental Impression Technique; D018772:Dental Marginal Adaptation; D003776:Dental Porcelain; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D006801:Humans; D013499:Surface Properties; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography
chemical_list: C493120:lithia disilicate; D003776:Dental Porcelain
keywords: CAD/CAM; cement space; ceramic crowns