title: Evaluation of bile reflux in HIDA images based on fluid mechanics.
abstract: We propose a new method to help physicians assess, using a hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid scan image, whether or not there is bile reflux into the stomach. The degree of bile reflux is an important index for clinical diagnosis of stomach diseases. The proposed method applies image-processing technology combined with a hydrodynamic model to determine the extent of bile reflux or whether the duodenum is also folded above the stomach. This condition in 2D dynamic images suggests that bile refluxes into the stomach, when endoscopy shows no bile reflux. In this study, we used optical flow to analyze images from Tc99m-diisopropyl iminodiacetic acid cholescintigraphy (Tc99m-DISIDA) to ascertain the direction and velocity of bile passing through the pylorus. In clinical diagnoses, single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is the main clinical tool for evaluating functional images of hepatobiliary metabolism. Computed tomography (CT) shows anatomical images of the external contours of the stomach, liver, and biliary extent. By exploiting the functional fusion of the two kinds of medical image, physicians can obtain a more accurate diagnosis. We accordingly reconstructed 3D images from SPECT and CT to help physicians choose which cross sections to fuse with software and to help them more accurately diagnose the extent and quantity of bile reflux.
authors.affiliation: National Taipei University of Technology, Dept. of Electronic Engineering & Graduate Institute of Computer and Communication Engineering, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: rclo@ntut.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Rong-Chin
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.affiliation: National Taipei University of Technology, Dept. of Electronic Engineering & Graduate Institute of Computer and Communication Engineering, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: t6418523@ntut.org.tw.
authors.forename: Wen-Lin
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Catholic Cardinal Tien Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: simhuang@gm.nkhs.tp.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Yu-Ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Fan
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D001646:Bile / Q000737:chemistry*; D001655:Bile Reflux / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted; D004386:Duodenum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008297:Male; D044085:Microfluidics; D008875:Middle Aged; D011857:Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D012984:Software; D013270:Stomach / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D019785:Technetium Tc 99m Disofenin / Q000737:chemistry; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D019785:Technetium Tc 99m Disofenin
keywords: Bile reflux; HIDA image; Hydrodynamic model; Image processing; SPECT; Tc99m-DISIDA