title: Sorption and degradation of triclosan in sediments and its effect on microbes.
abstract: Sorption and degradation behavior of triclosan (TCS) and its effect on microbes were studied in three sediments spiked at different concentration levels (1, 10, and 100 μg g(-1)). TCS showed a strong affiliation to all the sediments with linear adsorption coefficients (Kd) that varied from 220 to 1092 L g(-1), and the adsorption capacity is related to the total organic carbon (TOC) contents of the sediments. The half-lives of TCS varied from 55 to 239 days, and were longer in sediment with higher Kd. TCS showed minor effect on the activities of fluorescein diacetate hydrolase, dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, and urease in the 1 μg g(-1) treatment, but at higher levels, a short-term effect was observed followed by a rapid recovery except the urease activity in sediment with the lowest adsorption capacity. PCA plots of phospholipid fatty acid showed that the phenotypic community in sediments with low TOC were more sensitive to TCS. A positive relation between bacterial biomass and total microbial biomass suggests that changes of bacteria biomass were responsible for changes of total microbial biomass in treatments. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of the 16S rDNA showed that the bacterial community structure deviated further away from the control at higher TCS concentration levels, with similarity coefficients in Un-weighted Pair Group Mathematics Average clustering between control and 100 μg g(-1) treatment varied from 0.38 to 0.73. Both degradation rate and toxic effects of TCS decreased in sediment with higher sorption capacity, which can be attributed to a reduced bioavailablity.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, PR China; Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiaolong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, PR China. Electronic address: chenxi.wu@ihb.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Chenxi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Xuzhou Environmental Monitoring Center Station, Xuzhou, PR China.
authors.forename: Hongjuan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Conservation of Aquatic Organisms, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, PR China.
authors.forename: Yuhe
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, PR China.
authors.forename: Jiantong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D018533:Biomass; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000382:microbiology; D014260:Triclosan / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D014260:Triclosan
keywords: Bioavailability; Enzyme activity; Microbial community; Sediment; Triclosan