title: Active and passive problem solving: moderating role in the relation between depressive symptoms and future suicidal ideation varies by suicide attempt history.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Research suggests that being unable to generate solutions to problems in times of distress may contribute to suicidal thoughts and behavior, and that depression is associated with problem-solving deficits. This study examined active and passive problem solving as moderators of the association between depressive symptoms and future suicidal ideation among suicide attempters and nonattempters.
  
  
  METHODS
  Young adults (n = 324, 73% female, mean age = 19, standard deviation = 2.22) with (n = 78) and without (n = 246) a suicide attempt history completed a problem-solving task, self-report measures of hopelessness, depression, and suicidal ideation at baseline, and a self-report measure of suicidal ideation at 6-month follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Passive problem solving was higher among suicide attempters but did not moderate the association between depressive symptoms and future suicidal ideation. Among attempters, active problem solving buffered against depressive symptoms in predicting future suicidal ideation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Suicide prevention should foster active problem solving, especially among suicide attempters.
authors.affiliation: Hunter College, City University of New York.
authors.forename: Victoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Quiñones
authors.forename: Justyna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jurska
authors.forename: Eileen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fener
authors.forename: Regina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Miranda
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D009519:New York City; D011340:Problem Solving; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D057566:Self Report; D013334:Students; D059020:Suicidal Ideation; D013406:Suicide, Attempted / Q000523:psychology*; D014495:Universities; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: active problem solving; depression; passive problem solving; suicidal ideation; suicide attempts