title: Isolation and characterization of Bacillus subtilis CH16 strain from chicken gastrointestinal tracts for use as a feed supplement to promote weight gain in broilers.
abstract: Spore-forming bacterial strains were isolated from chicken gastrointestinal tracts to develop a heat-stable feed supplement that promotes weight gain in broilers. Seven Bacillus strains having more than 90% sporulation were screened from the isolates and identified to be closely related with Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis. Of the seven strains, B. subtilis CH16 was selected to develop a feed supplement for broilers, because it formed 100% heat-stable spores, grew rapidly at 42°C and quickly formed a biofilm. In large-scale trials in broilers (n ≥ 1150 per group), the group fed CH16 (3 × 10(6) CFU g(-1) pellet) showed higher average daily gain (ADG = 61·16) and lower food conversion ratio (FCR = 1·696) than did the group fed B. licheniformis CH22 (ADG = 57·10 and FCR = 1·792), the group fed B. subtilis HU58 (ADG = 51·90 and FCR = 1·868), BioPlus group (ADG = 59·32 and FCR = 1·807) and the control group (ADG = 56·02 and FCR = 1·880). In conclusion, CH16 spores significantly increased ADG by 9·17% and reduced FCR by 9·79% in broilers. The result supports the use of B. subtilis CH16 of chicken intestinal origin as a feed supplement that promote weight gain in broilers. Significance and impact of the study: This study reports screening of Bacillus strains isolated from chicken gastrointestinal tracts for development of a feed supplement that promote weight gain in broilers. Of the seven Bacillus isolates with high sporulation efficiency (≥90%), Bacillus subtilis CH16 strain showed the best growth and biofilm formation at body temperature of broilers (42°C). In large-scale trials in broilers (n ≥ 1150 per group), CH16 spores induced a 9·17% increase in daily weight gain (ADG) and a 9·79% reduction in FCR while the commercial BioPlus(®) YC induced only a 5·89% increase in ADG and a 3·88% reduction in FCR.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Enzyme and Protein Technology, VNU University of Science, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors.forename: A T V
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Enzyme and Protein Technology, VNU University of Science, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors.forename: D V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Enzyme and Protein Technology, VNU University of Science, Hanoi, Vietnam.|ANABIO Research & Development JSC, Ha Dong, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Tran
authors.affiliation: DABACO Center for Veterinary Diagnostics, Khac Niem Industrial Zone, Bac Ninh, Vietnam.
authors.forename: L T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: ANABIO Research & Development JSC, Ha Dong, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Enzyme and Protein Technology, VNU University of Science, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors.forename: T-N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Phan
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000382:microbiology; D000818:Animals; D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001483:Base Sequence; D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development; D002645:Chickens / Q000382:microbiology*; D027081:DNA Gyrase / Q000235:genetics; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000382:microbiology; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000382:microbiology; D008460:Meat; D019936:Probiotics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013171:Spores, Bacterial / Q000378:metabolism*; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D027081:DNA Gyrase
keywords: Bacillus spore; broiler; feed supplement; gastrointestinal tract; probiotic; weight gain