title: Color and texture morphing with colloids on multilayered surfaces.
abstract: Dynamic morphing of marine species to match with environment changes in color and texture is an advanced means for surviving, self-defense, and reproduction. Here we use colloids that are placed inside a multilayered structure to demonstrate color and texture morphing. The multilayer is composed of a thermal insulating base layer, a light absorbing mid layer, and a liquid top layer. When external light of moderate intensity (∼0.2 W cm(-2)) strikes the structure, colloids inside the liquid layer will be assembled to locations with an optimal absorption. When this system is exposed to continuous laser pulses, more than 18,000 times of reversible responses are recorded, where the system requests 20 ms to start the response and another 160 ms to complete. The flexibility of our concept further allows the system to be built on a variety of light-absorbing substrates, including dyed paper, gold thin film, and amorphous silicon, with the top layer even a solid.
authors.affiliation: †Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, 68588, United States.|⊥Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, 68588, United States.
authors.forename: Ziguang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: †Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, 68588, United States.|⊥Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, 68588, United States.
authors.forename: Shumin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: §Lincoln Southwest High School, Lincoln, Nebraska 68516, United States.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arkebauer
authors.affiliation: †Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, 68588, United States.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gogos
authors.affiliation: †Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, 68588, United States.|⊥Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, 68588, United States.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tan
mesh_terms: D059001:Aquatic Organisms; D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D003102:Colloids / Q000737:chemistry*; D003116:Color; D008422:Materials Testing; D010209:Paper; D066330:Printing, Three-Dimensional; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D003102:Colloids
keywords: colloidal assembly; morphing; photothermal effect; surface tension