title: Muscle fatigue induced by a soccer match-play simulation in amateur Black South African players.
abstract: The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effects of a soccer-specific fatigue protocol on the temporal changes in torque producing abilities of the thigh within African soccer players. Twenty amateur Black South African soccer players performed the SAFT(90) soccer match-play simulation protocol, while isokinetic measurements were obtained pre-exercise (T0), after the 1st half (T45), after half time (T60) and after the 2nd half (T105). During SAFT(90) performance, significant overall concentric quadriceps peak torque changes were observed (1.05 rad · s(-1) = 16.6%, 3.14 rad · s(-1) = 9.5%). Eccentric hamstring peak torque also decreased significantly over time (1.05 rad · s(-1) = 17.4%, 3.14 rad · s(-1) = 18.5%), with significant reductions occurring during both halves. The functional strength ratio (eccH:conQ) at 3.14 rad · s(-1) was observed to significantly decrease by 10.1% overall. The indicated time-dependent changes in Black South African players have implications for competitive performance and increased predisposition to hamstring muscle injuries. Because of muscle fatigue, the hamstrings may have insufficient eccentric strength during the late swing phase when sprinting, resulting in eccentric overload and damage to the muscle. The changes in strength found in the current study help explain the increased predisposition to hamstring strains during the latter stages of both halves of match-play as reported by epidemiological studies.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Human Kinetics and Ergonomics , Rhodes University , Grahamstown , South Africa.
authors.forename: Robert I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Bennett
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ryan
authors.forename: Andrew I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Todd
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D044383:Black People; D003163:Competitive Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018763:Muscle Fatigue / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000293:injuries / Q000502:physiology; D052097:Quadriceps Muscle / Q000502:physiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012916:Soccer / Q000293:injuries / Q000502:physiology*; D013848:Thigh; D013997:Time Factors; D019415:Torque
keywords: ethnicity; hamstring injury; isokinetics; muscle fatigue; soccer