title: Modulation of Splicing by Single-Stranded Silencing RNAs.
abstract: Single-stranded silencing RNAs (ss-siRNAs) are chemically modified single-stranded oligonucleotides that can function through the cellular RNA interference (RNAi) machinery to modulate gene expression. Because their invention is recent, few studies have appeared describing their use and the potential of ss-siRNAs as a platform for controlling gene expression remains largely unknown. Using oligonucleotides to modulate splicing is an important area for therapeutic development and we tested the hypothesis that ss-siRNAs targeting splice sites might also be capable of directing increased production of therapeutically promising protein isoforms. Here we observe that ss-siRNAs alter splicing of dystrophin. Altered splicing requires a seed sequence complementarity to the target and expression of the RNAi factor argonaute 2. These results demonstrate that ss-siRNAs can be used to modulate splicing, providing another option for therapeutic development programs that aim to increase production of key protein isoforms. Splicing is a classical nuclear process and our data showing that it can be modulated through the action of RNA and RNAi factors offers further evidence that RNAi can take place in mammalian cell nuclei.
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas.|2Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas.|2Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas.
authors.forename: Jiaxin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas.|2Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas.
authors.forename: Jessica A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hicks
authors.affiliation: 3ISIS Pharmaceuticals, Carlsbad, California.
authors.forename: Thazha P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Prakash
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas.|2Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas.
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Corey
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D012313:RNA / Q000235:genetics*; D034622:RNA Interference; D012326:RNA Splicing
chemical_list: D012313:RNA