title: Esthetic, clinical and patient-centered outcomes of immediately placed implants (Type 1) and early placed implants (Type 2): preliminary 3-month results of an ongoing randomized controlled clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of the study was to compare (i) esthetic, (ii) clinical and (iii) patient-centered outcomes following immediate (Type 1) and early implant placement (Type 2).
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-eight subjects needing a single extraction (premolar to premolar) were randomly allocated to Type 1 or Type 2 implant placement. Three months following permanent crown insertion, evaluation of (i) esthetic outcomes using soft tissue positions, and the pink and white esthetic scores (PES/WES), (ii) clinical performance using probing pocket depth (PPD), modified plaque index (mPI) and modified sulcus bleeding index (mSBI) around each implant and (iii) patient satisfaction by means of a questionnaire using a visual analogue scale (VAS) was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-two patients completed the 3-month follow-up examination (Type 1, n = 17; Type 2, n = 15) with a 100% implant survival rate. Type 1 implants lost 0.54 ± 0.18 mm of mid-facial soft tissue height, while Type 2 implants lost 0.47 ± 0.31 mm (P > 0.05). The papillae height on the mesial and distal was reduced about 1 mm following both procedures. The PES/WES following Type 1 implant placement amounted to 13.7 ± 0.6 and 12.5 ± 0.7 in the Type 2 group (P > 0.05). PPD, mPI and mSBI were low in both groups (P > 0.05). Patient-centered outcomes failed to demonstrate any statistical difference between the two cohorts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Three months following final crown delivery, there were no significant differences in esthetic, clinical and patient-centered outcomes following Type 1 and Type 2 implant placement. On the short term, one may achieve good optimal esthetic and clinical results irrespective of these two placement protocols. These results need to be confirmed on the long term.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Guy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Huynh-Ba
authors.affiliation: Private Practice, Nashville, TN, USA.
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Meister
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Ashley B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Hoders
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Brian L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Mealey
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Mills
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Oates
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Cochran
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Prihoda
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
authors.forename: C Alex
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: McMahan
mesh_terms: D003442:Crowns; D019250:Dental Implants, Single-Tooth; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; D004955:Esthetics, Dental; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D057893:Immediate Dental Implant Loading / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D063868:Patient Outcome Assessment; D010512:Periodontal Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014081:Tooth Extraction; D020390:Tooth Socket / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: dental implants; esthetics; single tooth; tooth extraction