title: Using QCM-D to study the adhesion of human gingival fibroblasts on implant surfaces.
abstract: Sealing the soft tissue-implant interface is one of the key issues in preventing transcutaneous implant-associated infections. A promising surface modification for improving osseointegration and possibly soft tissue integration is to coat the implant surface with hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles. When new implant materials are developed, their ability to facilitate cell attachment and spreading are commonly investigated in vitro to establish their potential for good in vivo performance. However, commonly used techniques, such as microscopy methods, are time consuming, invasive, and subjective. This is the first study using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring, where the real-time adhesion of biopsy-derived human gingival fibroblasts onto titanium and nanostructured HA was investigated. Experiments were performed for at least 16 h, and we found that cellular attachment and spreading kinetics can be followed in situ by observing the change in dissipation and frequency with time. Interestingly, a correlation between cell coverage and the magnitude of dissipation shift reached at the end of the experiment was found, but no such trend was observed for the frequency. Furthermore, the level of cell coverage was found to influence the cellular attachment and spreading behavior. No difference in cell response to the two surface types, Ti and nanostructured HA, was found.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Applied Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, 412 96, Sweden.
authors.forename: Emma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Westas
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, 205 06, Sweden.
authors.forename: Lory Melin
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Svanborg
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Physics, Biological Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, 412 96, Sweden.
authors.forename: Patric
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wallin
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedical Photonics, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, 412 96, Sweden.
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedical Photonics, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, 412 96, Sweden.
authors.forename: Marica B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Ericson
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, 205 06, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wennerberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7800, Bergen, NO-5020, Norway.
authors.forename: Kamal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mustafa
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Applied Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, 412 96, Sweden.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Andersson
mesh_terms: D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015921:Dental Implants; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005881:Gingiva / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants; D017886:Durapatite; D014025:Titanium
keywords: QCM-D; gingival fibroblasts; hydroxyapatite; nanomaterials; titanium