title: Cyclin D1 in human neuroblastic tumors recapitulates its developmental expression: An immunohistochemical study.
abstract: The protein cyclin D1 (CD1), which belongs to a family of proteins functioning as regulators of CDKs (cyclin-dependent kinases) throughout the cell cycle, has been immunohistochemically detected in a wide variety of human malignant tumors. The aim of the present study was to investigate immunohistochemically the expression and distribution of CD1 in the developing human peripheral sympathetic nervous system (PSNS) and in childhood peripheral neuroblastic tumors (neuroblastomas, ganglioneuroblastomas, and ganglioneuromas). The above mentioned fetal and neoplastic tissues represent an in vivo model in which undifferentiated neuroblastic cells undergo ganglion cell differentiation. During development, a strong nuclear expression of CD1 was restricted to neuroblasts, disappearing progressively from the maturing ganglion cells with increasing gestational age. In neoplastic tissues, CD1 immunoreactivity was restricted to neuroblastic cell component of all neuroblastomas and ganglioneuroblastomas, whereas it was absent or only focally detectable in maturing/mature ganglion cell component of differentiating neuroblastomas, ganglioneuroblastomas, and ganglioneuromas. We conclude that CD1 is a reliable marker, which can be used routinely to stain neuroblastic cells in both developing and neoplastic tissues. Furthermore, our results indicate that CD1 expression in childhood peripheral neuroblastic tumors recapitulates the changes during normal development of PSNS, as previously reported for Bcl-2 oncoprotein, c-ErbB2, insulin-like growth factor 2, β-2-microglobulin, and cathepsin D. This is consistent with the current view that childhood peripheral neuroblastic tumors exhibit gene expression profiles mirroring those occurring during PSNS development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, G.F. Ingrassia, AziendaOspedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", Anatomic Pathology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy. Electronic address: g.magro@unict.it.
authors.forename: Gaetano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Magro
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, G.F. Ingrassia, AziendaOspedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", Anatomic Pathology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Salvatorelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Di Cataldo
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Musumeci
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, G.F. Ingrassia, AziendaOspedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", Anatomic Pathology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Graziana
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Spoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Rosalba
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Parenti
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005260:Female; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000196:embryology / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C530104:CCND1 protein, human; D019938:Cyclin D1
keywords: Cyclin D1; Human fetus; Immunohistochemistry; Neuroblastic tumors; Sympathetic nervous system