title: The development and utility of a novel scale that quantifies the glycemic progression toward type 1 diabetes over 6 months.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We developed a scale to serve as a potential end point for 6-month glycemic progression (PS6M) toward type 1 diabetes (T1D) in autoantibody-positive relatives of individuals with T1D.
  
  
  METHODS
  The PS6M was developed from Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1 (DPT-1) data and tested in the TrialNet Pathway to Prevention Study (PTP). It is the difference between 6-month glucose sum values (30-120 min oral glucose tolerance test values) and values predicted for nonprogressors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The PS6M predicted T1D in the PTP (P < 0.001). The area under the receiver operating chacteristic curve was greater (P < 0.001) for the PS6M than for the baseline-to-6-month difference. PS6M values were higher in those with two or more autoantibodies, 30-0 min C-peptide values <2.00 ng/mL, or DPT-1 Risk Scores >7.00 (P < 0.001 for all).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The PS6M is an indicator of short-term glycemic progression to T1D that could be a useful tool for assessing preventive treatments and biomarkers.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, University of Miami, Miami, FL jsosenko@med.miami.edu.
authors.forename: Jay M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Sosenko
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, University of Miami, Miami, FL.
authors.forename: Jay S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Skyler
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Western Michigan School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI.
authors.forename: Craig A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Beam
authors.affiliation: Division of Informatics and Biostatistics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Boulware
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Jeffrey L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Mahon
authors.affiliation: Division of Informatics and Biostatistics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.
authors.forename: Jeffrey P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Krischer
authors.affiliation: Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA.
authors.forename: Carla J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Greenbaum
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, University of Miami, Miami, FL.
authors.forename: Lisa E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Rafkin
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, University of Miami, Miami, FL.
authors.forename: Della
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Matheson
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
authors.forename: Kevan C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Herold
authors.affiliation: VA Puget Sound Health Care System; Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
authors.forename: Jerry P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Palmer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000378:metabolism; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D062072:Patient Acuity; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002096:C-Peptide