title: Sirtuins in vascular diseases: Emerging roles and therapeutic potential.
abstract: Silent information regulator-2 (Sir-2) proteins, or sirtuins, are a highly conserved protein family of histone deacetylases that promote longevity by mediating many of the beneficial effects of calorie restriction which extends life span and reduces the incidence of cancer, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and diabetes. Here, we review the role of sirtuins (SIRT1-7) in vascular homeostasis and diseases by providing an update on the latest knowledge about their roles in endothelial damage and vascular repair mechanisms. Among all sirtuins, in the light of the numerous functions reported on SIRT1 in the vascular system, herein we discuss its roles not only in the control of endothelial cells (EC) functionality but also in other cell types beyond EC, including endothelial progenitor cells (EPC), smooth muscle cells (SMC), and immune cells. Furthermore, we also provide an update on the growing field of compounds under clinical evaluation for the modulation of SIRT1 which, at the state of the art, represents the most promising target for the development of novel drugs against CVD, especially when concomitant with type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, School of Medicine and Surgery, Second University of Naples, via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Nunzia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: D'Onofrio
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, School of Medicine and Surgery, Second University of Naples, via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Milena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vitiello
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, School of Medicine and Surgery, Second University of Naples, via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Rosario
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Casale
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, School of Medicine and Surgery, Second University of Naples, via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Servillo
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, School of Medicine and Surgery, Second University of Naples, via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giovane
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, School of Medicine and Surgery, Second University of Naples, via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy. Electronic address: marialuisa.balestrieri@unina2.it.
authors.forename: Maria Luisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Balestrieri
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D015398:Signal Transduction; D037761:Sirtuins / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D037761:Sirtuins
keywords: Cardiovascular disease; Endothelial progenitor cell; Endothelium; Sirtuins; Vascular dysfunction