title: The Meaning and Experience of Patients Undergoing Rectal High-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  High-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy is a precise form of radiation therapy that targets cancerous tumors by directly applying the radiation source at the site or directly next to the tumor. Patients often experience but underreport pain and anxiety related to cancer treatments. At present, there is no research available concerning the pervasiveness and intensity of patients' pain and anxiety during rectal brachytherapy.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to examine patients' thoughts, emotions, coping strategies, physical sensations, and needs during rectal HDR brachytherapy treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-five patients with rectal cancer were interviewed using a semi-structured qualitative interview following the completion of their brachytherapy treatment delivered at a Montreal-based hospital in Quebec, Canada.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The experiences of pain and discomfort varied greatly between patients and were linked to the meaning patients attributed to the treatment itself, sense of time, the body's lithotomic position, insertion of the treatment applicator, and the patients' sense of agency and empowerment during the procedure. Patients drew upon a variety of internal and external resources to help them cope with discomfort.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Staff need to know about the variation in the physical and emotional experiences of patients undergoing this treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinical teams can tailor their procedural behavior (eg, using certain language, psychosocial interventions) according to patients' needs to increase patients' comfort and ultimately improve their experience of HDR rectal brachytherapy.
authors.affiliation: Author Affiliations: Departments of Psychology (Drs Néron and Rosberger and Ms Perez) and Oncology (Drs Neron, Rosberger, and Vuong), McGill University; and Segal Cancer Center (Ms Benc and Drs Neron, Rosberger, and Vuong), Radiation Oncology Clinic (Ms Benc and Dr Vuong), Louise Granofsky Psychosocial Oncology Program (Mss Perez and Benc and Drs Neron and Rosberger), Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research (Ms Perez and Drs Vuong and Rosberger), Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Samara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Perez
authors.forename: Sylvain
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Néron
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Benc
authors.forename: Zeev
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Rosberger
authors.forename: Té
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vuong
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000368:Aged; D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D001918:Brachytherapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods* / Q000523:psychology*; D002170:Canada; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020380:Needs Assessment; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D036301:Qualitative Research; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome