title: Use of enoxaparin in dogs with primary immune-mediated hemolytic anemia: 21 cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the complications and frequency of thrombosis associated with the use of enoxaparin, a low molecular weight heparin, in dogs with primary immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two privately owned veterinary referral hospitals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-one client-owned dogs with primary IMHA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dogs were treated with enoxaparin (0.8 mg/kg subcutaneously every 6 h) as the sole anticoagulation therapy starting at admission to the hospital.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only 2 dogs had minor hemorrhagic complications associated with enoxaparin therapy. Frequency of thrombosis was not assessed. Long-term survival was comparable to other anticoagulation protocols reported for dogs with primary IMHA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of enoxaparin was safe in a small group of dogs with primary IMHA. Whether enoxaparin therapy can reduce mortality and thrombotic complications in dogs with primary IMHA compared with other anticoagulation protocols remains unknown.
authors.affiliation: Advanced Veterinary Care Center, Lawndale, CA.
authors.forename: Cynthia M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Panek
authors.forename: Reid K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bianco
mesh_terms: D000744:Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D000818:Animals; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004285:Dogs; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule / Q000662:veterinary; D017984:Enoxaparin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D017984:Enoxaparin
keywords: IMHA; anticoagulant; heparin; thrombosis