title: [Adequate antimicrobial drug use in a third level pediatric hospital].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The inadequate use of antimicrobials contributes to the development of bacterial resistance, reduces the effectiveness of established treatments and increases costs and mortality due to infectious diseases. The aim of this article was to evaluate if the use of antimicrobials was carried out properly in hospitalized pediatric patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  An epidemiological observational, cross-sectional study was carried out in UMAE-48 in León, Guanajuato. Sample was non-probabilistic by convenience with 60 % of expected adequate treatments, 4 standard deviation. Analysis of statistical distribution frequency technique was used by type of final grade of each treatment that was administered: adequate, justified, therapeutic, restricted and prophylactic. The test chi-square test for comparing of percentages.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Antimicrobial therapy were evaluated 283 prescriptions in 217 patients, 53 % were men and 47 % women. The general treatment was adequate in 51.2 %, justified 66 %, therapeutic 53.4 %, 40.8 % restricted and 48% prophylactic. Comparison of percentages with statistical test of chi-square test, we found association with adequate treatment in neonates service (chi-square test 8.287; p 0.004) and inadequate treatment in preterm infants service (chi-square test 4.853; p 0.028) p < 0, 05. The most commonly used antimicrobials, 43.7 % penicillins and 37.1 % aminoglycoside.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Only half of the treatments was antimicrobials are prescribed properly.
authors.affiliation: División de Epidemiología, Hospital de Gineco-Pediatría 48 León, León, Guanajuato, México. catanitaduarte@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Fidencia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Duarte-Raya
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Lechuga
authors.forename: Manuel Alberto
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: De Anda-Gómez
authors.forename: Martha Patricia
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Granados-Ramírez
authors.forename: Alexia Gisselle
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Vargas-Rodríguez
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D019983:Guideline Adherence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006776:Hospitals, Pediatric / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D057970:Inappropriate Prescribing / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Adequate use; Antimicrobial; Pediatrics