title: Twelve-Month Prevalence of DSM-5 Gambling Disorder and Associated Gambling Behaviors Among Those Receiving Methadone Maintenance.
abstract: This study sought to: (1) determine the prevalence of gambling disorder using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Version 5 (DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association in Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, American Psychiatric Publishing, Arlington, 2013) criteria; (2) identify the frequency and amount of money spent on gambling behaviors; and (3) determine demographic and treatment related predictors associated with gambling disorder in a substance using population. People receiving methadone maintenance treatment (N = 185) in an urban medical center consented to participate in the study. We used DSM-5 criteria to assess the 12-month prevalence of gambling disorder. Questions adapted from a previously developed measure were used to identify, describe and quantify the frequency of use and amount of money spent on gambling behaviors. Most participants were African-American (71.4 %), male (54.1 %), unmarried (76.8 %), unemployed (88.1 %) and had an income of <$20,000 (88.5 %). On average, participants were receiving 81.0 mg of methadone (SD: 22.8) daily. Nearly half (46.2 %) of participants met DSM-5 criteria for gambling disorder. Compared to those without gambling disorder, those with gambling disorder did not differ significantly with respect to demographic characteristics nor methadone dose. However, those with gambling disorder had been in methadone maintenance treatment for significantly less time. Those with gambling disorder were significantly more likely to report engaging in a variety of gambling behaviors. Given that the 12-month prevalence of DSM-5 defined gambling disorder was nearly 50 % future efforts to screen and treat gambling disorder in the context of methadone maintenance treatment are clearly warranted.
authors.affiliation: Division of Psychiatric Services Research, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, 737 W. Lombard St., Room 516, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA. shimelho@psych.umaryland.edu.|Department of Psychiatry, Maryland Center of Excellence on Problem Gambling, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, 5900 Waterloo Rd., Columbia, MD, 21045, USA. shimelho@psych.umaryland.edu.
authors.forename: Seth S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Himelhoch
authors.affiliation: Division of Psychiatric Services Research, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, 737 W. Lombard St., Room 516, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
authors.forename: Haley
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miles-McLean
authors.affiliation: Division of Psychiatric Services Research, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, 737 W. Lombard St., Room 516, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Medoff
authors.affiliation: Division of Psychiatric Services Research, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, 737 W. Lombard St., Room 516, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kreyenbuhl
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Maryland Center of Excellence on Problem Gambling, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, 5900 Waterloo Rd., Columbia, MD, 21045, USA.
authors.forename: Loreen
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rugle
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, University of Maryland, 655 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brownley
authors.affiliation: Division of Alcohol and Drug Abuse, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, 655 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bailey-Kloch
authors.affiliation: Division of Psychiatric Services Research, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, 737 W. Lombard St., Room 516, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
authors.forename: Wendy
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Potts
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Maryland Center of Excellence on Problem Gambling, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, 5900 Waterloo Rd., Columbia, MD, 21045, USA.|Division of Alcohol and Drug Abuse, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, 655 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Welsh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015897:Comorbidity; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005715:Gambling / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008691:Methadone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D008691:Methadone
keywords: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Version 5; Gambling behaviors; Gambling disorder; Methadone maintenance treatment