title: Caring for Opioid-dependent Pregnant Women: Prenatal and Postpartum Care Considerations.
abstract: Pregnancy is an opportune time to identify opioid dependence, facilitate conversion to opioid maintenance treatment, and coordinate care with specialists in addiction medicine, behavioral health, and social services. Comprehensive prenatal care for opioid-dependent women involves the evaluation and the management of co-occurring psychiatric disorders, polysubstance use, infectious diseases, social stressors, and counseling regarding the importance of breastfeeding, contraception, and neonatal abstinence syndrome. Although the complex psychiatric, social, and environmental factors faced by this population pose significant challenges to obstetric care providers, the development of strong patient-provider relationships can facilitate the ability to deliver efficient and effective health care during pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Departments of *Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Womens Research Institute ‡Pediatrics †School of Social Work, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Elizabeth E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Krans
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cochran
authors.forename: Debra L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Bogen
mesh_terms: D019973:Alcohol-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D001942:Breast Feeding / Q000379:methods; D003376:Counseling; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008691:Methadone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009294:Narcotics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009357:Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D058850:Opiate Substitution Treatment / Q000379:methods; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D011295:Prenatal Care / Q000379:methods*; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection / Q000379:methods; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D009294:Narcotics; D008691:Methadone