title: Statins use and the risk of all and subtype hematological malignancies: a meta-analysis of observational studies.
abstract: In order to quantify the association between use of statins and the risk of all hematological malignancies and of subtypes, we performed a meta-analysis of observational studies. We achieved a MEDLINE/EMBASE comprehensive search for studies published up to August 2014 investigating the association between use of statins and the risk of hematological malignancies, including Hodgkin- and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, leukemia, and myeloma. Fixed- and random-effect models were fitted to estimate the summary relative risk (RR) based on adjusted study-specific results. Between-study heterogeneity was assessed using the Q and I(2) statistics and the sources of heterogeneity were investigated using Deeks' test. Moreover, an influence analysis was performed. Finally, publication bias was evaluated using funnel plot and Egger's regression asymmetry test. Fourteen studies (10 case-control and four cohort studies) contributed to the analysis. Statin use, compared to nonuse of statins, was negatively associated with all hematological malignancies taken together (summary RR 0.86; 95% CI: 0.77-0.96), with leukemia (0.83; 0.74-0.92), and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (0.81; 0.68 to 0.96), but it was not related to the risk of myeloma (0.89; 0.53-1.51). Long-term users of statins showed a statistically significant reduction in the risk of all hematological malignancies taken together (0.78; 0.71-0.87). Statistically significant between-studies heterogeneity was observed for all outcome except for leukemia. Heterogeneity was caused by differences confounding-adjustment level of the included studies only for Myeloma. No significant evidence of publication bias was found.
authors: Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, Division of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
authors: Danitza
authors: D
authors: Pradelli
authors: Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, Division of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
authors: Davide
authors: D
authors: Soranna
authors: Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, Division of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
authors: Antonella
authors: A
authors: Zambon
authors: Department of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Milano, Milan, Italy.|IRCCS, Multimedica, Milan, Italy.
authors: Alberico
authors: A
authors: Catapano
authors: Department of Clinical Medicine and Prevention, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza (MB), Italy.
authors: Giuseppe
authors: G
authors: Mancia
authors: Department of Epidemiology, Institute for Pharmacological Research Mario Negri, Milan, Italy.|Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, University of Milano, Milan, Italy.
authors: Carlo
authors: C
authors: La Vecchia
authors: Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, Division of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
authors: Giovanni
authors: G
authors: Corrao
mesh_terms: D019337:Hematologic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016017:Odds Ratio; D017594:Publication Bias; D012306:Risk
chemical_list: D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
keywords: Hematologic malignancies; leukemia; myeloma; non-Hodgkin lymphoma; statins