title: Struggling to be seen and heard: the underserved and unserved populations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this paper is to provide some current information on the topic of the underserved and unserved populations including modern-day slaves, stateless/displaced persons, refugees/migrants and indigenous populations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Speech-language pathology education and services for the underserved as well as unserved populations are discussed. Three case studies which demonstrate knowledge transfer and exchange as potential models for future development are presented.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These case studies lead to more inquiries, studies, innovations and involvement from individuals and groups who are concerned about the underserved and unserved populations.
authors: San Diego State University, Rancho Santa Fe, Calif., USA.
authors: Li-Rong Lilly
authors: LL
authors: Cheng
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003147:Communication Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D018864:Cultural Diversity; D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004519:Education, Special / Q000458:organization & administration; D063948:Enslaved Persons / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005060:Europe; D014943:Global Health; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand; D006801:Humans; D007391:International Cooperation; D007802:Language; D007808:Language Therapy / Q000458:organization & administration; D017145:Models, Educational; D044382:Population Groups / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012036:Refugees / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013070:Speech Therapy / Q000458:organization & administration; D013066:Speech-Language Pathology / Q000458:organization & administration; D013624:Taiwan; D014171:Transients and Migrants / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D035862:Vulnerable Populations / Q000706:statistics & numerical data