title: A multifactorial analysis of the pregnancy outcomes in cytomegalovirus-infected women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the impacts of cytomegalovirus (CMV) viral load, TORCH (toxoplasmosis, others, rubella, CMV and herpes) coinfections, CMV glycoprotein B (gB) genotypes and maternal genetic polymorphisms on pregnancy outcomes among CMV-infected women.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 731 CMV-infected pregnant women (634 and 97 with normal and adverse pregnancy outcomes, respectively) were recruited. CMV load quantification and screening of TORCH coinfections were performed by using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunodetection techniques, respectively. Genotyping of CMV gB and maternal NFKB1 -94 ins/del, NFKBIA -826C/T and -881A/G polymorphisms was performed by using PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that the mean CMV viral load in women with adverse pregnancy outcomes was significantly higher than that in women with normal outcomes at all pregnancy stages (p < 0.01). We also found that TORCH coinfections resulted in a 1.65-fold (95% CI = 1.00-2.73) increase in the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes (p = 0.05). Additionally, we noticed no significant difference in the distribution of CMV gB genotypes between women with normal and adverse pregnancy outcomes (p = 0.42). We also observed that the ins/ins variant genotype of the NFKB1 polymorphism could reduce the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes (OR = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.15-0.98; p = 0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CMV viral load, TORCH coinfections and maternal NFKB1 polymorphism could influence pregnancy outcomes among CMV-infected women.
authors: Department of General Surgery, Traditional Chinese Medicine University, Wuxi, PR China.
authors: Zhong-Yang
authors: ZY
authors: Ding
authors: Fei
authors: F
authors: Xu
authors: Dao-Zhen
authors: DZ
authors: Chen
authors: Xi-Na
authors: XN
authors: Meng
authors: Ting-Shu
authors: TS
authors: Xu
authors: Mu-Dan
authors: MD
authors: Lu
authors: Hong-Xiang
authors: HX
authors: Zhuge
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015897:Comorbidity; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000235:genetics*; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D052002:NF-kappa B p50 Subunit / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000453:epidemiology; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D019562:Viral Load / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D052002:NF-kappa B p50 Subunit; C489548:NFKB1 protein, human; C000606204:NFKBIA protein, human; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; C040495:glycoprotein B, Simplexvirus; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha