title: Tolerance and long-term MRI imaging of gadolinium-modified meshes used in soft organ repair.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Synthetic meshes are frequently used to reinforce soft tissues. The aim of this translational study is to evaluate tolerance and long-term MRI visibility of two recently developed Gadolinium-modified meshes in a rat animal model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Gadolinium-poly-ε-caprolactone (Gd-PCL) and Gadolinium-polymethylacrylate (Gd-PMA) modified meshes were implanted in Wistar rats and their tolerance was assessed daily. Inflammation and biocompatibility of the implants were assessed by histology and immunohistochemistry after 30 days post implantation. Implants were visualised by 7T and 3T MRI at day 30 and at day 90. Diffusion of Gadolinium in the tissues of the implanted animals was assessed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall Gd-PMA coated implants were better tolerated as compared to those coated with Gd-PCL. In fact, Gd-PMA implants were characterised by a high ratio collagen I/III and good vascularisation of the integration tissues. High resolution images of the coated mesh were obtained in vivo with experimental 7T as well as 3T clinical MRI. Mass spectrometry analyses showed that levels of Gadolinium in animals implanted with coated mesh were similar to those of the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Meshes coated with Gd-PMA are better tolerated as compared to those coated with Gd-PCL as no signs of erosion or significant inflammation were detected at 30 days post implantation. Also, Gd-PMA coated meshes were clearly visualised with both 7T and 3T MRI devices. This new technique of mesh optimisation may represent a valuable tool in soft tissue repair and management.
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nîmes University Hospital, Place du Pr R. Debré, 30000, Nîmes, France.
authors: Vincent
authors: V
authors: Letouzey
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nîmes University Hospital, Place du Pr R. Debré, 30000, Nîmes, France.
authors: Stéphanie
authors: S
authors: Huberlant
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nîmes University Hospital, Place du Pr R. Debré, 30000, Nîmes, France.
authors: Arnaud
authors: A
authors: Cornille
authors: Department of Artificial Polymers, Max Mousseron Institute of Biomolecules, CNRS UMR 5247, 34000, Montpellier, France.
authors: Sébastien
authors: S
authors: Blanquer
authors: Department of Artificial Polymers, Max Mousseron Institute of Biomolecules, CNRS UMR 5247, 34000, Montpellier, France.
authors: Olivier
authors: O
authors: Guillaume
authors: Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR-S 1066, MINT, 49000, Angers, France.
authors: Laurent
authors: L
authors: Lemaire
authors: Department of Artificial Polymers, Max Mousseron Institute of Biomolecules, CNRS UMR 5247, 34000, Montpellier, France.
authors: Xavier
authors: X
authors: Garric
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nîmes University Hospital, Place du Pr R. Debré, 30000, Nîmes, France.
authors: Renaud
authors: R
authors: de Tayrac
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005682:Gadolinium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D051381:Rats; D013526:Surgical Mesh; D014945:Wound Healing
chemical_list: D011108:Polymers; D005682:Gadolinium