title: Improved in vitro human tumor models for cancer gene therapy.
abstract: Developing effective anticancer treatments is a particular challenge, as agents must contend with not only the target cellular biology, but also with the complex tumor microenvironment. Here we discuss various in vitro strategies that have sought to address this issue, with a particular focus on new methodologies that utilize clinical samples in basic research and their application in gene therapy and virotherapy.
authors: Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom.
authors: Philip G
authors: PG
authors: Jakeman
authors: Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom.
authors: Thomas E
authors: TE
authors: Hills
authors: Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom.
authors: Alison B
authors: AB
authors: Tedcastle
authors: Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom.
authors: Ying
authors: Y
authors: Di
authors: Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom.
authors: Kerry D
authors: KD
authors: Fisher
authors: Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom.
authors: Leonard W
authors: LW
authors: Seymour
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy*; D018874:Spheroids, Cellular; D014161:Transduction, Genetic; D057170:Translational Research, Biomedical; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured