title: Dioxins and Nonortho PCBs in Breast Milk of Vietnamese Mothers Living in the Largest Hot Spot of Dioxin Contamination.
abstract: Bien Hoa Air Base is the largest dioxin contamination hot spot in Vietnam. In 2012, we recruited 216 mothers who were living in 10 communities around Bien Hoa Air Base and had delivered newborns at a prefecture hospital, and we investigated recent exposure levels of dioxins and nonortho PCBs in their breast milk. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,3,7,8-tetraCDD) was present at 2.6 pg/g lipid in primiparae and 2.2 pg/g lipid in multiparae. Among multiparae and total subjects, significant high prevalence of 2,3,7,8-tetraCDD≥5 pg/g lipid and 2,3,7,8-tetraCDD contribution≥40% were observed in mothers living in the five communities closest to Bien Hoa Air Base. The TEQ for nonortho PCBs was 1.6 pg-TEQ/g lipid for primiparae, and this was even lower than that in the unsprayed area. The length of residency was a strong factor to increase dioxins, including 2,3,7,8-tetraCDD. Residency in the five communities with the highest exposure was a specific risk factor for increased 2,3,7,8-tetraCDD in breast milk. Food intake might contribute partly to the increased levels of dioxin congeners other than 2,3,7,8-tetraCDD in breast milk. These results suggest that Bien Hoa Air Base has led to elevated 2,3,7,8-tetraCDD levels in breast milk of mothers in nearby areas even in the recent years.
authors: §Department of Public Health, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan.|ΣMinistry of Health, Vietnam Government, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors: Tran Ngoc
authors: TN
authors: Nghi
authors: §Department of Public Health, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan.
authors: Muneko
authors: M
authors: Nishijo
authors: ¶Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-0942, Japan.
authors: Ho Dung
authors: HD
authors: Manh
authors: #Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Center, Vietnamese Military Medical University, Ha Dong, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors: Pham The
authors: PT
authors: Tai
authors: #Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Center, Vietnamese Military Medical University, Ha Dong, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors: Hoang
authors: H
authors: Van Luong
authors: #Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Center, Vietnamese Military Medical University, Ha Dong, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors: Tran Hai
authors: TH
authors: Anh
authors: #Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Center, Vietnamese Military Medical University, Ha Dong, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors: Pham Ngoc
authors: PN
authors: Thao
authors: #Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Center, Vietnamese Military Medical University, Ha Dong, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors: Nguyen Viet
authors: NV
authors: Trung
authors: ‡Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan.
authors: Tomoo
authors: T
authors: Waseda
authors: §Department of Public Health, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan.
authors: Hideaki
authors: H
authors: Nakagawa
authors: ¶Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-0942, Japan.
authors: Teruhiko
authors: T
authors: Kido
authors: ⊥System Emotional Science, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
authors: Hisao
authors: H
authors: Nishijo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004147:Dioxins / Q000032:analysis*; D004435:Eating; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D005843:Geography; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000737:chemistry*; D009035:Mothers; D010298:Parity; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis*; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000032:analysis; D011247:Pregnancy; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D014744:Vietnam
chemical_list: D004147:Dioxins; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls