title: Comparison of childhood cancer survivors' nutritional intake with US dietary guidelines.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite improved survival, childhood cancer survivors experience significantly elevated risk of premature mortality and serious morbidity due to chronic health conditions. Poor diet quality can exacerbate chronic health conditions in the survivors but their nutritional intake has not been adequately studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  We assessed the Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI-2010) in 22 survivors of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoma (median age = 11.7 years) and compared survivors' dietary intake to the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Dietary data were collected using repeated 24 hr dietary recalls over a 1-year period, which were averaged to estimate habitual intake.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean HEI-2010 in childhood cancer survivors was 52.7, about 50 percent of the maximum score. Long-term survivors (time from diagnosis ≥10 years) had a significantly lower HEI-2010 than recent survivors (time from diagnosis <5 years) (β = -11.5, 95% CI: -22.1, -0.9, P = 0.047). For individual food groups and nutrients, survivors had a particularly poor adherence to green vegetables and beans, total vegetables, and whole fruits. None of the survivors met the guidelines for dietary fiber and potassium intake. Only 4%, 19%, 24%, and 29% met the guidelines for vitamin D, sodium, calcium, and saturated fat intake. The average intake in relative to the recommended intake was 32% for vitamin D, 50% for potassium, 63% for fiber, and 85% for calcium, but was 115% for saturated fat and 143% for sodium.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Childhood cancer survivors, in particular long-term survivors, have a poor adherence to the US dietary guidelines.
authors: Department of Nutrition Sciences, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts.|Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors: Fang Fang
authors: FF
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Nutrition Sciences, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts.|Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors: Edward
authors: E
authors: Saltzman
authors: Division of Pediatric Hematology/ Oncology, The Floating Hospital for Children at Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.|Department of Pediatrics, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors: Michael J
authors: MJ
authors: Kelly
authors: Department of Nutrition Sciences, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors: Shanshan
authors: S
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors: Aviva
authors: A
authors: Must
authors: Division of Pediatric Hematology/ Oncology, The Floating Hospital for Children at Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.|Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.|Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors: Susan K
authors: SK
authors: Parsons
authors: Department of Nutrition Sciences, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts.|Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors: Susan B
authors: SB
authors: Roberts
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004032:Diet; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D002149:Energy Intake; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D018673:Nutrition Policy; D009752:Nutritional Status; D010349:Patient Compliance; D017741:Survivors; D014675:Vegetables; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: childhood cancer; nutrition; survivors