title: Increased circulating CD14(+)HLA-DR-/low myeloid-derived suppressor cells are associated with poor prognosis in patients with small-cell lung cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  High expression of CD14(+)HLA-DR-/low myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) is correlated with immunosuppressive activity in various cancers, however, no studies have shown a correlation of these immunosuppressive cells with clinical outcomes in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the study was to investigate the number, frequency and clinical significance of CD14(+)HLA-DR-/low MDSCs in SCLC patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The peripheral blood of 42 patients with SCLC and 37 healthy controls was analyzed by using flow cytometry. The relationships between the number and frequency of MDSCs, clinicopathological features and overall survival(OS) were analyzed. The prognostic value of MDSCs was tested by using univariate and multivariate analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our results demonstrated that number and frequency of peripheral CD14(+)HLA-DR-/low MDSCs were significantly increased in SCLC patients than in controls (p< 0.0001 and p< 0.0001, respectively). The frequency of MDSCs correlated with tumor stage (p= 0.02), serum LDH levels (p= 0.001) and with the poorer OS (log-rank test, p= 0.017). Univariate and multivariate analyses suggested that frequency of CD14(+)HLA-DR-/low MDSCs as an independent biomarker for poor prognosis in SCLC patients during follow-up. Our study provides the first evidence that the frequency of CD14(+)HLA-DR-/low MDSCs negatively correlates with clinical outcomes in SCLC patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The frequency of CD14(+)HLA-DR-/low MDSCs could be considered as a poor prognostic predictor in SCLC and the elimination of MDSCs during medical interventions may improve the prognosis of SCLC patients.
authors: Cancer Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China.
authors: Tian
authors: T
authors: Tian
authors: Cancer Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China.
authors: Xiaobin
authors: X
authors: Gu
authors: International Joint Cancer Institute, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors: Bo
authors: B
authors: Zhang
authors: Cancer Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China.
authors: Yang
authors: Y
authors: Liu
authors: Cancer Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China.
authors: Chao
authors: C
authors: Yuan
authors: School of Medcine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
authors: Lijuan
authors: L
authors: Shao
authors: Cancer Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China.|International Joint Cancer Institute, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors: Yajun
authors: Y
authors: Guo
authors: Cancer Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China.|International Joint Cancer Institute, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors: Kexing
authors: K
authors: Fan
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D022423:Myeloid Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis; D055752:Small Cell Lung Carcinoma / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors
keywords: Small-cell lung cancer; biomarker; myeloid-derived suppressor cells; prognosis