title: Neighborhood availability of convenience stores and diet quality: findings from 20 years of follow-up in the coronary artery risk development in young adults study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examined the association between neighborhood convenience stores and diet outcomes for 20 years of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used dietary data from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study years 1985-1986, 1992-1993, and 2005-2006 (n = 3299; Birmingham, AL; Chicago, IL; Minneapolis, MN; and Oakland, CA) and geographically and temporally matched neighborhood-level food resource and US Census data. We used random effects repeated measures regression to estimate associations between availability of neighborhood convenience stores with diet outcomes and whether these associations differed by individual-level income.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In multivariable-adjusted analyses, greater availability of neighborhood convenience stores was associated with lower diet quality (mean score = 66.3; SD = 13.0) for participants with lower individual-level income (b = -2.40; 95% CI = -3.30, -1.51); associations at higher individual-level income were weaker. We observed similar associations with whole grain consumption across time but no statistically significant associations with consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, artificially sweetened beverages, snacks, processed meats, fruits, or vegetables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of neighborhood convenience stores may be associated with lower quality diets. Low-income individuals may be most sensitive to convenience store availability.
authors: Pasquale E. Rummo, Katie A. Meyer, and Penny Gordon-Larsen are with the Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Janne Boone-Heinonen is with the Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland. David R. Jacobs Jr and Lyn M. Steffen are with the Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis. Catarina I. Kiefe is with the Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Boston. Cora E. Lewis is with the Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham.
authors: Pasquale E
authors: PE
authors: Rummo
authors: Katie A
authors: KA
authors: Meyer
authors: Janne
authors: J
authors: Boone-Heinonen
authors: David R
authors: DR
authors: Jacobs
authors: Catarina I
authors: CI
authors: Kiefe
authors: Cora E
authors: CE
authors: Lewis
authors: Lyn M
authors: LM
authors: Steffen
authors: Penny
authors: P
authors: Gordon-Larsen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002641:Chicago; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004032:Diet / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005518:Food Preferences; D005523:Food Supply / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012111:Residence Characteristics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors