title: Preformed chitosan cryogel-biphasic calcium phosphate: a potential injectable biocomposite for pathologic fracture.
abstract: The increasing interest in chitosan-based biomaterials stems from its desirable physicochemical properties. Although calcium phosphates have been mixed with chitosan to form injectable scaffolds, its application for bone tissue engineering has been limited and is still being explored to improve its clinical translatability. We report a biocomposite comprised of preformed chitosan cryogel with dispersed biphasic calcium phosphate that can flow under moderate pressure allowing passage through a small gauge needle, while maintaining sufficient integrity and strength during injection for gel recovery. The formed samples were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis and protein adsorption measurements. Composite with 1% w/v biphasic calcium phosphate (CSG1) resulted in a homogeneous and rigid final structure. Injectable composite cryogel CSG1 (2.5 ± 0.2 N, 23G needle) exhibited good protein adsorption and biocompatibility. Results of subcutaneous implantation in rats reveal relatively high presence of polymorphonuclear cells but with no fibrous encapsulation with the composites, allowing further infiltration of cells within the sample implants. The biocomposite system presents a less-invasive delivery of bone filling material for stabilizing pathologic fractures.
authors: Department of Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, South Korea.
authors: Celine D G
authors: CD
authors: Abueva
authors: Department of Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, South Korea.
authors: Andrew R
authors: AR
authors: Padalhin
authors: Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, South Korea.
authors: Young-Ki
authors: YK
authors: Min
authors: Department of Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, South Korea Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, South Korea lbt@sch.ac.kr.
authors: Byong-Taek
authors: BT
authors: Lee
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D059985:Cryogels; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D059985:Cryogels; D011506:Proteins; D048271:Chitosan; C020243:calcium phosphate
keywords: Cryogel; bone filler; bone tissue engineering; calcium phosphate; chitosan; injectable biocomposite