title: Optimization of the convection volume in online post-dilution haemodiafiltration: practical and technical issues.
abstract: In post-dilution online haemodiafiltration (ol-HDF), a relationship has been demonstrated between the magnitude of the convection volume and survival. However, to achieve high convection volumes (>22 L per session) detailed notion of its determining factors is highly desirable. This manuscript summarizes practical problems and pitfalls that were encountered during the quest for high convection volumes. Specifically, it addresses issues such as type of vascular access, needles, blood flow rate, recirculation, filtration fraction, anticoagulation and dialysers. Finally, five of the main HDF systems in Europe are briefly described as far as HDF prescription and optimization of the convection volume is concerned.
authors: Department of Nephrology , VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam , The Netherlands.
authors: Isabelle
authors: I
authors: Chapdelaine
authors: Department of Nephrology , VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam , The Netherlands.
authors: Camiel L M
authors: CL
authors: de Roij van Zuijdewijn
authors: Department of Nephrology , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands.
authors: Ira M
authors: IM
authors: Mostovaya
authors: Department of Nephrology , Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, St. Luc Hospital , Montréal , Canada.
authors: Renée
authors: R
authors: Lévesque
authors: UCL Centre for Nephrology , Royal Free Hospital , London , UK.
authors: Andrew
authors: A
authors: Davenport
authors: Department of Nephrology , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands.
authors: Peter J
authors: PJ
authors: Blankestijn
authors: Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine , University of Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany.
authors: Christoph
authors: C
authors: Wanner
authors: Department of Nephrology , VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam , The Netherlands ; Institute for Cardiovascular Research VU University Medical Center (ICaR-VU), VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam , The Netherlands.
authors: Menso J
authors: MJ
authors: Nubé
authors: Department of Nephrology , VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam , The Netherlands ; Institute for Cardiovascular Research VU University Medical Center (ICaR-VU), VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam , The Netherlands.
authors: Muriel P C
authors: MP
authors: Grooteman
authors: P J
authors: PJ
authors: Blankestijn
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Davenport
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Basile
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Locatelli
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Maduell
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Mitra
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Ronco
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Shroff
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Tattersall
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Wanner
keywords: convection volume; haemodiafiltration