title: Ammonia manipulates the ammonia-oxidizing archaea and bacteria in the coastal sediment-water microcosms.
abstract: Ammonia was observed as a potential significant factor to manipulate the abundance and activity of ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms (AOMs) in water environments. For the first time, this study confirmed this phenomenon by laboratory cultivation. In a series of estuarine sediment-coastal water microcosms, we investigated the AOM's phylogenetic composition and activity change in response to ammonia concentration. Increase of ammonia concentration promoted bacterial amoA gene abundance in a linear pattern. The ratio of transcribed ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) amoA gene/ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) amoA gene increased from 0.1 to 43 as NH4 (+)-N increased from less than 0.1 to 12 mg L(-1), and AOA amoA transcription was undetected under 20 mg NH4 (+)-N L(-1). The incubation of stable isotope probing (SIP) microcosms revealed a faster (13)C-NaHCO3 incorporation rate of AOA amoA gene under 0.1 mg NH4 (+)-N L(-1) and a sole (13)C-NaHCO3 utilization of the AOB amoA gene under 20 mg NH4 (+)-N L(-1). Our results indicate that ammonia concentration manipulates the structure of AOM. AOA prefers to live and perform higher amoA transcription activity than AOB in ammonia-limited water environments, and AOB tends to take the first contributor place in ammonia-rich ones.
authors: School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Lujun
authors: L
authors: Chen
authors: Tianjiao
authors: T
authors: Dai
authors: Renhua
authors: R
authors: Sun
authors: Donghui
authors: D
authors: Wen
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000378:metabolism*; D001105:Archaea / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D001419:Bacteria / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D058448:Biota; D019641:DNA, Archaeal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000382:microbiology*; D007553:Isotope Labeling; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D012623:Seawater / Q000737:chemistry*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D019641:DNA, Archaeal; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D000641:Ammonia; D010088:Oxidoreductases; C045582:ammonia monooxygenase