title: Detailed contact data and the dissemination of Staphylococcus aureus in hospitals.
abstract: Close proximity interactions (CPIs) measured by wireless electronic devices are increasingly used in epidemiological models. However, no evidence supports that electronically collected CPIs inform on the contacts leading to transmission. Here, we analyzed Staphylococcus aureus carriage and CPIs recorded simultaneously in a long-term care facility for 4 months in 329 patients and 261 healthcare workers to test this hypothesis. In the broad diversity of isolated S. aureus strains, 173 transmission events were observed between participants. The joint analysis of carriage and CPIs showed that CPI paths linking incident cases to other individuals carrying the same strain (i.e. possible infectors) had fewer intermediaries than predicted by chance (P < 0.001), a feature that simulations showed to be the signature of transmission along CPIs. Additional analyses revealed a higher dissemination risk between patients via healthcare workers than via other patients. In conclusion, S. aureus transmission was consistent with contacts defined by electronically collected CPIs, illustrating their potential as a tool to control hospital-acquired infections and help direct surveillance.
authors: Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, F-75013, Paris, France; INSERM, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, F-75013, Paris, France.
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Obadia
authors: Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
authors: Romain
authors: R
authors: Silhol
authors: Inserm UMR 1181 "Biostatistics, Biomathematics, Pharmacoepidemiology and Infectious Diseases" (B2PHI), F-75015, Paris, France; Institut Pasteur, UMR 1181, B2PHI, F-75015, Paris, France; Univ. Versailles St Quentin, UMR 1181, B2PHI, F-78180 Montigny-le-Bretonneux.
authors: Lulla
authors: L
authors: Opatowski
authors: Laboratoire MESuRS, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, 75003, Paris, France.
authors: Laura
authors: L
authors: Temime
authors: Univ Paris-Sud, UMR 0320/UMR8120 Génétique Quantitative et Evolution-Le Moulon, F-91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
authors: Judith
authors: J
authors: Legrand
authors: Inserm UMR 1181 "Biostatistics, Biomathematics, Pharmacoepidemiology and Infectious Diseases" (B2PHI), F-75015, Paris, France; Institut Pasteur, UMR 1181, B2PHI, F-75015, Paris, France; Univ. Versailles St Quentin, UMR 1181, B2PHI, F-78180 Montigny-le-Bretonneux.
authors: Anne C M
authors: AC
authors: Thiébaut
authors: INSERM U1173, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, 78180, Saint-Quentin en Yvelines, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Service de Microbiologie, F-92380, Garches, France.
authors: Jean-Louis
authors: JL
authors: Herrmann
authors: ENS de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme (UMR CNRS 5668-ENS de Lyon-UCB Lyon 1), IXXI Rhône Alpes Complex Systems Institute, Lyon, France; Inria-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique, Montbonnet, France.
authors: Éric
authors: É
authors: Fleury
authors: Inserm UMR 1181 "Biostatistics, Biomathematics, Pharmacoepidemiology and Infectious Diseases" (B2PHI), F-75015, Paris, France; Institut Pasteur, UMR 1181, B2PHI, F-75015, Paris, France; Univ. Versailles St Quentin, UMR 1181, B2PHI, F-78180 Montigny-le-Bretonneux; AP-HP, Raymond Poincare Hospital, F-92380 Garches, France.
authors: Didier
authors: D
authors: Guillemot
authors: Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, F-75013, Paris, France; INSERM, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, F-75013, Paris, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Département de Santé Publique, F-75571, Paris, France.
authors: Pierre-Yves
authors: PY
authors: Boëlle
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019295:Computational Biology; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission*; D005260:Female; D006761:Hospitals; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008954:Models, Biological; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus; D055815:Young Adult