title: Artificial tissue sensitized with encapsulated methylene blue encapsulated by silica nanoparticles in photodynamic therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The synthesis of methylene blue (MB) encapsulated in silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) as an application for photodynamic therapy is reported in this study. Semi-rigid tissues with optical properties similar to that of human tissues were used as sample materials to determine the applicability of MB encapsulated in SiNPs.
  
  
  METHODS
  The changes in optical properties of the tissue treated with encapsulated MB under light exposure (Intensity at 664 nm ∼11.9 mW/cm(2)) were observed. The optimal exposure time required for naked MB and MB-SiNP to destroy red blood cells (RBCs) in the artificial tissue was also determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The comparative analysis between the results of applying naked MB and MB encapsulated in SiNPs in the treatment of artificial tissue confirmed that the encapsulated MB is 62 percent higher in efficacy than naked MB. The results established the applicability of MB encapsulated in SiNP on artificial tissue and possible application on human tissue.
authors: a School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM , Penang , Malaysia.|c NanoBiotechnology Research and Innovation (NanoBRI), Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM , Penang , Malaysia.
authors: Ghaseb Naser
authors: GN
authors: Makhadmeh
authors: c NanoBiotechnology Research and Innovation (NanoBRI), Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM , Penang , Malaysia.
authors: Azlan
authors: A
authors: Abdul Aziz
authors: b School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia , Nibong Tebal, Penang , Malaysia.|c NanoBiotechnology Research and Innovation (NanoBRI), Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM , Penang , Malaysia.
authors: Khairunisak
authors: K
authors: Abdul Razak
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008751:Methylene Blue / Q000737:chemistry*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D008751:Methylene Blue
keywords: artificial tissue; encapsulation; methylene blue; photodynamic therapy; silica nanoparticles