title: How to learn and to perform endoscopic ultrasound and endobronchial ultrasound for lung cancer staging: A structured guide and review.
abstract: The learning of transesophageal ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) (endoscopic ultrasound-FNA), and endobronchial ultrasound guided transbronchial needle aspiration (endosonography) should be based on the following steps: Acquiring theoretical knowledge, training on simulators, and supervised performance on patients. Each step should be completed by passing a validated exam before proceeding to the next step. This approach will assure basic competency on all levels, and testing also facilitates learning and improves retention. Competence in endosonography can be based on a systematic an easy principle consisting of 2 times six anatomical landmarks.
authors: Centre for Clinical Education, University of Copenaghen and The Capital Region of Denmark, Copenaghen, Denmark.
authors: Lars
authors: L
authors: Konge
authors: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Gentofte University Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark.
authors: Sara
authors: S
authors: Colella
authors: Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Copenaghen University Hospital, Herlev, Copenaghen, Denmark.
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Vilmann
authors: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Gentofte University Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark.
authors: Paul Frost
authors: PF
authors: Clementsen
keywords: Endosonography; technique; training