title: Cryptic diversity in the sequestrate genus Stephanospora (Stephanosporaceae: Agaricales) in Australasia.
abstract: Historically a single name, Stephanospora flava, was applied to all collections of Stephanospora in Australasia. We used morphological characters with molecular support to differentiate and describe nine novel cryptic species, and refine the circumscription of S. flava. Stephanospora flava is herein restricted to bispored collections from Tasmania, and the quadrisporic Stephanospora tetraspora is raised to species level. Six species (four new) are endemic to Australia, S. flava s.s, S. tetraspora comb. nov., Stephanospora sheoak, Stephanospora cribbae, Stephanospora hystrispora, and Stephanospora occidentiaustralis. Three species Stephanospora poropingao, Stephanospora pounamu, and Stephanospora kanuka are endemic to New Zealand; and one species, Stephanospora aorangi occurs in both Australia and New Zealand. Two other new species, Stephanospora novae-caledoniae and Stephanospora papua, are endemic to New Caledonia or Papua New Guinea, respectively. Analyses of three nuclear gene regions (ITS, ef-1, and LSU) are consistent with current classifications of the family Stephanosporaceae. Athelidium aurantiacum is an outlier, with a strongly supported core of Cristinia (Clade I), Lindtneria (Clade II), Stephanospora, Mayamontana, and Lindtneria trachyspora (Clade III), and a novel lineage of environmental and sporocarp sequences (Clade IV). Taxonomic and nomenclatural issues raised by the presence of both type species of Stephanospora (Stephanospora caroticolor) and Lindtneria (L. trachyspora) in the same clade are discussed.
authors: Manaaki Whenua - Landcare Research, Private Bag 92170, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; National Herbarium of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne, Private Bag 2000, Melbourne, Victoria 3141, Australia. Electronic address: lebelt@landcareresearch.co.nz.
authors: Teresa
authors: T
authors: Lebel
authors: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Forest Sciences Laboratory, 3200 Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
authors: Michael A
authors: MA
authors: Castellano
authors: Manaaki Whenua - Landcare Research, Private Bag 92170, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
authors: Ross E
authors: RE
authors: Beever
mesh_terms: D044362:Australasia; D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000145:classification* / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D014644:Genetic Variation; D008853:Microscopy; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020648:Peptide Elongation Factor 1 / Q000235:genetics; D058974:Phylogeography; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D020648:Peptide Elongation Factor 1; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal; C065096:RNA, ribosomal, 26S
keywords: Biodiversity; Corticioid; Cristinia; Lindtneria; Sequestrate fungi; Systematics