title: Material deprivation and unemployment affect coercive sex among young people in the urban slums of Blantyre, Malawi: A multi-level approach.
abstract: We explore relations among material deprivation (measured by insufficient housing, food insecurity and poor healthcare access), socio-economic status (employment, income and education) and coercive sex. A binary logistic multi-level model is used in the estimation of data from a survey of 1071 young people aged 18-23 years, undertaken between June and July 2013, in the urban slums of Blantyre, Malawi. For young men, unemployment was associated with coercive sex (odds ratio [OR]=1.77, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09-3.21) while material deprivation (OR=1.34, 95% CI: 0.75-2.39) was not. Young women in materially deprived households were more likely to report coercive sex (OR=1.37, 95% CI: 1.07-2.22) than in non-materially deprived households. Analysis of local indicators of deprivation is critical to inform the development of effective strategies to reduce coercive sex in urban slums in Malawi.
authors: School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, 27 St Andrews Road, Parktown, 2193 Johannesburg, South Africa. Electronic address: mkamndaya@cartafrica.org.
authors: Mphatso
authors: M
authors: Kamndaya
authors: Department of Statistics & Population Studies, University of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia. Electronic address: lkazembe@yahoo.com.
authors: Lawrence N
authors: LN
authors: Kazembe
authors: African Centre for Migration and Society, School of Social Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. Electronic address: jovearey@gmail.com.
authors: Jo
authors: J
authors: Vearey
authors: Population Dynamics and Reproductive Health Research Program, African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya. Electronic address: carolinekabiru@gmail.com.
authors: Caroline W
authors: CW
authors: Kabiru
authors: School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, 27 St Andrews Road, Parktown, 2193 Johannesburg, South Africa. Electronic address: Liz.Thomas@wits.ac.za.
authors: Liz
authors: L
authors: Thomas
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008295:Malawi; D008297:Male; D008426:Maternal Deprivation; D011203:Poverty / Q000523:psychology*; D011204:Poverty Areas; D011902:Rape / Q000523:psychology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014478:Unemployment / Q000523:psychology*; D014505:Urban Population; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Coercive sex; Material deprivation; Unemployment; Urban slums; Young people