title: Chronic administration of a microencapsulated probiotic enhances the bioavailability of orange juice flavanones in humans.
abstract: Orange juice (OJ) flavanones are bioactive polyphenols that are absorbed principally in the large intestine. Ingestion of probiotics has been associated with favorable changes in the colonic microflora. The present study examined the acute and chronic effects of orally administered Bifidobacterium longum R0175 on the colonic microflora and bioavailability of OJ flavanones in healthy volunteers. In an acute study volunteers drank OJ with and without the microencapsulated probiotic, whereas the chronic effects were examined when OJ was consumed after daily supplementation with the probiotic over 4 weeks. Bioavailability, assessed by 0-24h urinary excretion, was similar when OJ was consumed with and without acute probiotic intake. Hesperetin-O-glucuronides, naringenin-O-glucuronides, and hesperetin-3'-O-sulfate were the main urinary flavanone metabolites. The overall urinary excretion of these metabolites after OJ ingestion and acute probiotic intake corresponded to 22% of intake, whereas excretion of key colon-derived phenolic and aromatic acids was equivalent to 21% of the ingested OJ (poly)phenols. Acute OJ consumption after chronic probiotic intake over 4 weeks resulted in the excretion of 27% of flavanone intake, and excretion of selected phenolic acids also increased significantly to 43% of (poly)phenol intake, corresponding to an overall bioavailability of 70%. Neither the probiotic bacterial profiles of stools nor the stool moisture, weight, pH, or levels of short-chain fatty acids and phenols differed significantly between treatments. These findings highlight the positive effect of chronic, but not acute, intake of microencapsulated B. longum R0175 on the bioavailability of OJ flavanones.
authors: Department of Technology, Postharvest and Food Industry, IFAPA-Alameda del Obispo, Córdoba, Spain.
authors: Gema
authors: G
authors: Pereira-Caro
authors: CSIRO Food & Nutrition Flagship, Werribee, VIC, Australia.
authors: Christine M
authors: CM
authors: Oliver
authors: CSIRO Food & Nutrition Flagship, Werribee, VIC, Australia.
authors: Rangika
authors: R
authors: Weerakkody
authors: CSIRO Food & Nutrition Flagship, Werribee, VIC, Australia.
authors: Tanoj
authors: T
authors: Singh
authors: CSIRO Food & Nutrition Flagship, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Conlon
authors: Department of Nutrition, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
authors: Gina
authors: G
authors: Borges
authors: CSIRO Food & Nutrition Flagship, Werribee, VIC, Australia.
authors: Luz
authors: L
authors: Sanguansri
authors: CSIRO Food & Nutrition Flagship, North Ryde, NSW, Australia.
authors: Trevor
authors: T
authors: Lockett
authors: Global Scientific and Regulatory Affairs, The Coca-Cola Company, Atlanta, GA 30313, USA.
authors: Susan A
authors: SA
authors: Roberts
authors: Department of Nutrition, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
authors: Alan
authors: A
authors: Crozier
authors: CSIRO Food & Nutrition Flagship, Werribee, VIC, Australia. Electronic address: maryann.augustin@csiro.au.
authors: Mary Ann
authors: MA
authors: Augustin
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001644:Bifidobacterium / Q000502:physiology; D001682:Biological Availability; D032084:Citrus sinensis / Q000737:chemistry*; D004339:Drug Compounding; D005260:Female; D044950:Flavanones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000067030:Fruit and Vegetable Juices; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019936:Probiotics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D044950:Flavanones
keywords: Bioavailability; Flavanones; Free radicals; Microencapsulated probiotic; Orange juice