title: Colorimetric biosensing of pathogens using gold nanoparticles.
abstract: Rapid detection of pathogens is crucial to minimize adverse health impacts of nosocomial, foodborne, and waterborne diseases. Gold nanoparticles are extremely successful at detecting pathogens due to their ability to provide a simple and rapid color change when their environment is altered. Here, we review general strategies of implementing gold nanoparticles in colorimetric biosensors. First, we highlight how gold nanoparticles have improved conventional genomic analysis methods by lowering detection limits while reducing assay times. Then, we focus on emerging point-of-care technologies that aim at pathogen detection using simpler assays. These advances will facilitate the implementation of gold nanoparticle-based biosensors in diverse environments throughout the world and help prevent the spread of infectious diseases.
authors: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue W, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada; Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue W, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
authors: Mohit S
authors: MS
authors: Verma
authors: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue W, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada; Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue W, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
authors: Jacob L
authors: JL
authors: Rogowski
authors: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue W, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada; Center for Contact Lens Research, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue W, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
authors: Lyndon
authors: L
authors: Jones
authors: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue W, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada; Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue W, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada. Electronic address: frank.gu@uwaterloo.ca.
authors: Frank X
authors: FX
authors: Gu
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D003124:Colorimetry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D006046:Gold; D057230:Limit of Detection; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles; D008828:Microbiological Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D009696:Nucleic Acids
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D009696:Nucleic Acids; D006046:Gold
keywords: Bacteria; Color; DNA; Fungus; PCR; Point-of-care; Protein; RNA; Small molecule; Virus