title: In Vitro organogenesis using amphibian pluripotent cells.
abstract: Mesoderm induction as a result of the interaction between endoderm and ectoderm is one of the most crucial events in vertebrate development. We identified activin as a strong mesoderm-inducing factor in an animal cap assay, an in vitro assay system using amphibian pluripotential cell mass. Activin induces mesodermal tisswes including most dorsal mesodermal tissue, notochord (which has important roles in neural induction, somite segmentation, and endodermal organogenesis), and its effects are concentration-dependent. Animal cap cells treated with high concentrations of activin differentiate into anterior endoderm, which can act as an organizer, or center of body patterning. We have established an in vitro induction system for 22 different organs and tissues using animal cap cells, and have isolated many organ-specific genes. With these useful methods, and analysis of newly isolated tissue- and organ-specific genes, the molecular biological "road map" for organogenesis is being established.
authors: ICORP, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Koji
authors: K
authors: Okabayashi
authors: ICORP, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan ; Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan ; Recipient of Imperial Prize and Japan Academy Prize in 2001.
authors: Makoto
authors: M
authors: Asashima
keywords: Activin; animal cap; mesoderm induction; organizer; organogenesis