title: Territory and fiber orientation of vastus medialis motor units: A Surface electromyography investigation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to determine whether muscle fibers innervated by single motor neurons are confined in small subvolumes of the vastus medialis (VM) and if motor unit fiber orientation depends on their position within the muscle.
  
  
  METHODS
  Single motor units were identified from a grid of surface electrodes. The size of their surface representation and fiber orientation were extracted using an algorithm validated on simulated signals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The action potentials of 77 motor units were represented locally on the skin (10th-90th percentiles: 14-25 mm). According to simulations, this indicates territories smaller than 11.8-64.8 mm. Motor units in distal regions of VM had fibers at a greater angle than those in proximal regions (R = -0.54, P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Motor units with small territories and varying fiber orientations may be an anatomical predisposition to regulate how regions within VM apply forces to the patella. This could help to redistribute loads within the joint in painful conditions.
authors: Laboratorio per l'Ingegneria del Sistema Nuromuscolare, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettronica, Politecnico di Torino, Via Cavalli 22/h, 10138, Torino, Italy.|Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (BC), Canada.
authors: Alessio
authors: A
authors: Gallina
authors: Laboratorio per l'Ingegneria del Sistema Nuromuscolare, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettronica, Politecnico di Torino, Via Cavalli 22/h, 10138, Torino, Italy.|Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Departamento de Arte Corporal, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio di Janeiro, Brazil.
authors: Taian
authors: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6239-7301
authors: T
authors: Vieira
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D000328:Adult; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004566:Electrodes; D004576:Electromyography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D052097:Quadriceps Muscle / Q000502:physiology*; D012867:Skin / Q000294:innervation; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: compartmentalization; electromyography; motor unit; quadriceps; surface EMG; territory