title: Cellular therapy in tuberculosis.
abstract: Cellular therapy now offer promise of potential adjunct therapeutic options for treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB). We review here the role of Mesenchymal stromal cells, (MSCs), as well as other immune effector cells in the therapy of infectious diseases with a focus on TB. MSCs represent a population of tissue-resident non-hematopoietic adult progenitor cells which home into injured tissues increase the proliferative potential of broncho-alveolar stem cells and restore lung epithelium. MSCs have been shown to be immune-modulatory and anti-inflammatory mediated via cell-cell contacts as well as soluble factors. We discuss the functional profile of MSCs and their potential use for adjunct cellular therapy of multi-drug resistant TB, with the aim of limiting tissue damage, and to convert unproductive inflammatory responses into effective anti-pathogen directed immune responses. Adjunct cellular therapy could potentially offer salvage therapy options for patients with drug-resistant TB, increase clinically relevant anti-M.tuberculosis directed immune responses and possibly shorten the duration of anti-TB therapy.
authors: Therapeutic Immunology Division, Dept of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: Shreemanta.Parida@ki.se.
authors: Shreemanta K
authors: SK
authors: Parida
authors: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Hospital, Dept of Health, KwaZulu-Natal province, Durban, South Africa; DR-TB Department, King Dinuzulu Hospital, Dept of Health, KwaZulu-Natal Province, Durban, South Africa; Centre for AIDS Prevention Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa. Electronic address: rajhmun.madansein@ki.se.
authors: Rajhmun
authors: R
authors: Madansein
authors: DR-TB Department, King Dinuzulu Hospital, Dept of Health, KwaZulu-Natal Province, Durban, South Africa; MSC_Durban Team. Electronic address: nalini.singh@ki.se.
authors: Nalini
authors: N
authors: Singh
authors: Centre for AIDS Prevention Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; MSC_Durban Team. Electronic address: Nesri.Padayatchi@caprisa.org.
authors: Nesri
authors: N
authors: Padayatchi
authors: DR-TB Department, King Dinuzulu Hospital, Dept of Health, KwaZulu-Natal Province, Durban, South Africa; MSC_Durban Team. Electronic address: iqbal.master@kznhealth.gov.za.
authors: Iqbal
authors: I
authors: Master
authors: DR-TB Department, King Dinuzulu Hospital, Dept of Health, KwaZulu-Natal Province, Durban, South Africa; MSC_Durban Team. Electronic address: Ruben.Naidu@kznhealth.gov.za.
authors: Kantharuben
authors: K
authors: Naidu
authors: Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, and NIHR Biomedical research centre at UCLHospitl, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: a.i.zumla@gmail.com.
authors: Alimuddin
authors: A
authors: Zumla
authors: Therapeutic Immunology Division, Dept of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for allogeneic stem cell transplantation (CAST), Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: markus.maeurer@ki.se.
authors: Markus
authors: M
authors: Maeurer
mesh_terms: D017690:Cell Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D007239:Infections / Q000628:therapy; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: HDT; M.tuberculosis; MDR-TB; Mesenchymal stromal cells; T-cells; Tuberculosis; cancer; host directed therapy; inflammation