title: High calcination of ferroelectric BaTiO₃ doped Fe nanoceramics prepared by a solid-state sintering method.
abstract: This study examined the effects of the combination of starting materials on the properties of solid-state reacted BaTiO3 using two different types of BaCO3 and TiO2. In addition, the effect of mechanochemical activation by high energy milling and the Ba/Ti molar ratio on the reaction temperature, particle size and tetragonality were investigated. The TiO2 phase and size plays a major role in increasing the reaction temperature and particle size. With the optimum selection of starting materials and processing conditions, BaTiO3 with a particle size <200 nm (Scherrer's formula) and a tetragonality c/a of approximately 1.007 was obtained. Broadband dielectric spectroscopy is applied to investigate the electrical properties of disordered perovskite-like ceramics in a wide temperature range. From the X-ray diffraction analysis it was found that the newly obtained BaTi0.5Fe0.5O3 ceramics consist of two chemically different phases. The electric modulus M∗ formalism used in the analysis enabled us to distinguish and separate the relaxation processes, dominated by marked conductivity in the ε∗(ω) representation. Interfacial effects on the dielectric properties of the samples have been understood by Cole-Cole plots in complex impedance and modulus formalism. Modulus formalism has identified the effects of both grain and grain boundary microstructure on the dielectric properties, particularly in solid state routed samples.
authors: Dept of Physics, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Vadapalani Campus, SRM University, Chennai 600026, Tamilnadu, India.
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Samuvel
authors: Dept of Physics, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Vadapalani Campus, SRM University, Chennai 600026, Tamilnadu, India. Electronic address: ramach76@yahoo.com.
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Ramachandran
mesh_terms: D017609:Barium Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D002516:Ceramics / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D058085:Iron Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D017609:Barium Compounds; D058085:Iron Compounds; D014025:Titanium
keywords: Barium titanate; Cole–Cole plot; Dielectric properties; FE-SEM; Particle size; Solid state method