title: The protective effect of syringic acid on ischemia injury in rat brain.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Brain ischemia and treatment are important topics in neurological science. Free oxygen radicals and inflammation formed after ischemia are accepted as the most significant causes of damage. Currently there are studies on many chemopreventive agents to prevent cerebral ischemia damage. Our aim is to research the preventive effect of the active ingredient in syringic acid, previously unstudied, on oxidative damage in cerebral ischemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  The rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group (no medication or surgical procedure), sham group (artery occlusion), artery occlusion + syringic acid group sacrificed at 6 h, and artery occlusion + syringic acid group sacrificed at 24 h. Obtained brain tissue from the right hemisphere was investigated histopathologically and for tissue biochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Superoxide dismutase and nuclear respiratory factor 1 values decreased after ischemia and they increased after syringic acid treatment, while increased malondialdehyde levels after ischemia were reduced after treatment. Caspase-3 and caspase-9 values increased after ischemia and decreased after treatment; this reduction was more pronounced at 24 h.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study revealed that syringic acid treatment in cerebral ischemia reduced oxidative stress and neuronal degeneration. In the light of the biochemical and histopathologic results of the present study, we think that syringic acid treatment may be an alternative treatment method.
authors: Mustafa
authors: M
authors: Güven
authors: Adem Bozkurt
authors: AB
authors: Aras
authors: Naci
authors: N
authors: Topaloğlu
authors: Adile
authors: A
authors: Özkan
authors: Halil Murat
authors: HM
authors: Şen
authors: Yıldıray
authors: Y
authors: Kalkan
authors: Ali
authors: A
authors: Okuyucu
authors: Ayla
authors: A
authors: Akbal
authors: Ferhat
authors: F
authors: Gökmen
authors: Murat
authors: M
authors: Coşar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism*; D005707:Gallic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D051266:Nuclear Respiratory Factor 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D051266:Nuclear Respiratory Factor 1; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D005707:Gallic Acid; C001945:syringic acid; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase