title: What are the risk factors associated with urinary retention after orthopaedic surgery?
abstract: This study investigates the overall rate of urinary retention in a large cohort of unselected orthopaedic patients who had either general or regional anesthesia and defines the risk factors for postoperative urinary retention in that cohort of patients. A total of 15,681 patients who underwent major orthopaedic surgery with general or spinal/epidural anesthesia were included. Postoperative urinary retention was defined as any patient who required a postoperative consultation to the urologic department regarding voiding difficulty. Age at surgery, sex, type of surgery, medical history including hypertension and diabetes mellitus, and type of anesthesia were analyzed as potential predictor variables. There were 365 postoperative patients who required urology consults for urinary retention (2.3%). Older age at surgery (OR, 1.035; P < 0.0001), male sex (OR, 1.522; P = 0.0004), type of surgery (OR, 1.506; P = 0.0009), history of hypertension (OR, 1.288; P = 0.0436), and history of diabetes mellitus (OR, 2.038; P < 0.0001) were risk factors for urinary retention after orthopaedic surgery. Advanced age, male sex, joint replacement surgery, history of hypertension, and diabetes mellitus significantly increased the risk of urinary retention. In patients with these risk factors, careful postoperative urological management should be performed.
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Myongji Hospital, 55 Hwasu-ro, 14 Beon-gil, Deokyang-gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do 412-826, Republic of Korea.
authors: Ki Hyuk
authors: KH
authors: Sung
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300 Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 463-707, Republic of Korea.
authors: Kyoung Min
authors: KM
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300 Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 463-707, Republic of Korea.
authors: Chin Youb
authors: CY
authors: Chung
authors: Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300 Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 463-707, Republic of Korea.
authors: Soon-Sun
authors: SS
authors: Kwon
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 158-710, Republic of Korea.
authors: Seung Yeol
authors: SY
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Myongji Hospital, 55 Hwasu-ro, 14 Beon-gil, Deokyang-gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do 412-826, Republic of Korea.
authors: Yoon Seong
authors: YS
authors: Ban
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300 Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 463-707, Republic of Korea.
authors: Moon Seok
authors: MS
authors: Park
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000765:Anesthesia, Conduction / Q000379:methods; D000767:Anesthesia, Epidural / Q000379:methods; D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000379:methods; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016055:Urinary Retention / Q000209:etiology*; D055815:Young Adult