title: Virtual reality simulation for the optimization of endovascular procedures: current perspectives.
abstract: Endovascular technologies are rapidly evolving, often requiring coordination and cooperation between clinicians and technicians from diverse specialties. These multidisciplinary interactions lead to challenges that are reflected in the high rate of errors occurring during endovascular procedures. Endovascular virtual reality (VR) simulation has evolved from simple benchtop devices to full physic simulators with advanced haptics and dynamic imaging and physiological controls. The latest developments in this field include the use of fully immersive simulated hybrid angiosuites to train whole endovascular teams in crisis resource management and novel technologies that enable practitioners to build VR simulations based on patient-specific anatomy. As our understanding of the skills, both technical and nontechnical, required for optimal endovascular performance improves, the requisite tools for objective assessment of these skills are being developed and will further enable the use of VR simulation in the training and assessment of endovascular interventionalists and their entire teams. Simulation training that allows deliberate practice without danger to patients may be key to bridging the gap between new endovascular technology and improved patient outcomes.
authors: Department of Surgery, Imperial College London, London, UK.
authors: Nung
authors: N
authors: Rudarakanchana
authors: Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
authors: Isabelle
authors: I
authors: Van Herzeele
authors: Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
authors: Liesbeth
authors: L
authors: Desender
authors: Department of Surgery, Imperial College London, London, UK.
authors: Nicholas J W
authors: NJ
authors: Cheshire
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004502:Education, Medical, Continuing / Q000379:methods*; D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate / Q000379:methods*; D057510:Endovascular Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000193:education*; D006801:Humans; D007318:Inservice Training; D033183:Interdisciplinary Communication; D059032:Learning Curve; D019300:Medical Errors / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D010348:Patient Care Team; D061214:Patient Safety; D012307:Risk Factors; D012984:Software; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000193:education*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: aneurysm; endovascular; simulation; virtual reality