title: Antioxidant, antiradical, and anticholinergic properties of cynarin purified from the Illyrian thistle (Onopordum illyricum L.).
abstract: Cynarin is a derivative of hydroxycinnamic acid and it has biologically active functional groups constituent of some plants and food. We elucidated the antioxidant activity of cynarin by using different in vitro condition bioanalytical antioxidant assays like DMPD(•+), ABTS(•+), O2(•-), DPPH(•) and H2O2 scavenging effects, the total antioxidant influence, reducing capabilities, Fe(2+) chelating and anticholinergic activities. Cynarin demonstrated 87.72% inhibition of linoleic acid lipid peroxidation at 30 µg/mL concentration. Conversely, some standard antioxidants like trolox, α-tocopherol, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), and butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) exhibited inhibitions of 90.32, 75.26, 97.61, 87.30%, and opponent peroxidation of linoleic acid emulsion at the identical concentration, seriatim. Also, cynarin exhibited effective DMPD(•+), ABTS(•+), O2(•-), DPPH(•), and H2O2 scavenging effects, reducing capabilities and Fe(2+) chelating effects. On the contrary, IC50 and K(i) parameters of cynarin for acetylcholinesterase enzyme inhibition were determined as 243.67 nM (r(2): 0.9444) and 39.34 ± 13.88 nM, respectively. This study clearly showed that cynarin had marked antioxidant, anticholinergic, reducing ability, radical-scavenging, and metal-binding activities.
authors: a Department of Medical Services and Techniques , Gumushane University, Vocational School of Health Services , Gumushane , Turkey .
authors: Meryem
authors: M
authors: Topal
authors: b Central Researching Laboratory, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University , Agri , Turkey .
authors: Hulya
authors: H
authors: Gocer
authors: a Department of Medical Services and Techniques , Gumushane University, Vocational School of Health Services , Gumushane , Turkey .
authors: Fevzi
authors: F
authors: Topal
authors: c Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Sciences, Atatürk University , Erzurum , Turkey .
authors: Pınar
authors: P
authors: Kalin
authors: c Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Sciences, Atatürk University , Erzurum , Turkey .
authors: Leyla Polat
authors: LP
authors: Köse
authors: c Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Sciences, Atatürk University , Erzurum , Turkey .|d Department of Zoology , College of Science, King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia , and.
authors: İlhami
authors: İ
authors: Gülçin
authors: c Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Sciences, Atatürk University , Erzurum , Turkey .
authors: Kader C
authors: KC
authors: Çakmak
authors: c Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Sciences, Atatürk University , Erzurum , Turkey .
authors: Murat
authors: M
authors: Küçük
authors: c Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Sciences, Atatürk University , Erzurum , Turkey .
authors: Lokman
authors: L
authors: Durmaz
authors: e TUBITAK UME, Chemistry Group Laboratories , Gebze-Kocaeli , Turkey.
authors: Ahmet C
authors: AC
authors: Gören
authors: d Department of Zoology , College of Science, King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia , and.
authors: Saleh H
authors: SH
authors: Alwasel
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002934:Cinnamates / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D007502:Iron Chelating Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D031183:Onopordum / Q000737:chemistry*; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D002934:Cinnamates; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D007502:Iron Chelating Agents; D013481:Superoxides; C100257:cynarine
keywords: Antiacetylcholinesterase; Onopordum illyricum; anticholinergic; antioxidant activity; cynarin; radical scavenging