title: Relationship between antipsychotics and weight in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Individuals with Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) are at increased risk for developing behavioral and psychiatric disorders, often requiring antipsychotics (APs). Contrary to significant AP-associated weight gain observed in the general population, existing literature suggests weight loss in patients with PWS.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the relationship between AP use and body mass index (BMI) at admission, change in BMI during inpatient stay, and length of stay (LOS) in patients admitted to an inpatient PWS treatment program.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hospital-based, inpatient PWS treatment program serving nationally and internationally referred children and adults with PWS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cases consisted of 52 pediatric patients with PWS who were taking APs at admission and during their stay, 97 adults with PWS who were taking APs at admission and during their stay, and 11 pediatric and adult patients with PWS who were AP naïve at admission and subsequently started an AP during their stay; all cases were matched with patients with PWS who were AP naïve at admission and during their stay by age (yrs), sex, and race-ethnicity (controls).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Between- and within-group differences in admission BMI, BMI change from admission to discharge, and LOS were analyzed. Admission BMI was lower (mean ± SD 36.8 ± 11.9 kg/m(2) vs 46.7 ± 12.5 kg/m(2) , p<0.001) and LOS longer (mean ± SD 75.9 ± 38.5 days vs 57.8 ± 23.2 days, p=0.005) for pediatric cases with AP exposure at admission and during their stay compared with matched controls. All groups experienced significant decreases in BMI from admission to discharge (p≤0.001 for all comparisons), except for pediatric cases with AP exposure at admission and during their stay. Cases that were AP naïve at admission and subsequently started an AP during their inpatient stay experienced a significantly smaller decrease in BMI from admission to discharge than matched controls (-3.011 vs -7.288 kg/m(2) , p=0.027). No other comparisons between cases and controls were significantly different.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  On average, patients with PWS who were prescribed APs lost weight during their inpatient stay, but this varied with patient age and duration of AP use.
authors: Mylan School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
authors: Jennifer Padden
authors: JP
authors: Elliott
authors: Gregory
authors: G
authors: Cherpes
authors: Khalid
authors: K
authors: Kamal
authors: Ishveen
authors: I
authors: Chopra
authors: Chelsea
authors: C
authors: Harrison
authors: Mary
authors: M
authors: Riedy
authors: Brandon
authors: B
authors: Herk
authors: Matt
authors: M
authors: McCrossin
authors: Melissa
authors: M
authors: Kalarchian
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011218:Prader-Willi Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000187:drug effects*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents
keywords: antipsychotics; drug safety; obesity