title: Significant Reduction in Mitral Regurgitation Volume Is the Main Contributor for Increase in Systolic Forward Flow in Patients with Functional Mitral Regurgitation after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Hemodynamic Analysis Using Echocardiography.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Reduction in mitral regurgitation (MR) after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has previously been reported. However, the hemodynamic effects of TAVR in patients with MR have not been previously evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed 571 patients who underwent TAVR from December 2010 to December 2013. We studied 20 patients with moderate or severe preprocedural functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) who also had a follow-up transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) examination between 90 and 360 days (median 213 days) after TAVR (Significant FMR Group). We also studied age- and gender-matched 20 patients with mild or lesser MR (Nonsignificant MR Group). Left ventricular functional measurements were assessed using echocardiography before and after TAVR. Left ventricular outflow tract stroke volume measurements using pulsed-wave Doppler (SVLVOT ) were calculated as a representative of systolic forward flow, and stroke volume by the Simpson's method (SVSimpson ) was calculated as a parameter of degree of LV contraction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MR grade improved in 22 of 40 patients after TAVR. In both groups, BNP level decreased, left ventricular ejection fraction increased, and SVLVOT increased after TAVR. SVSimpson increased in the Nonsignificant MR Group and remained unchanged in the Significant FMR Group. Vena contracta width of MR (MRVC) decreased in the Significant FMR Group. Using multivariable analysis in the Significant FMR Group, the increase in SVLVOT significantly correlated with the decrease in MRVC (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SVLVOT increased significantly after TAVR in patients with FMR. In these patients, increase in SVLVOT after TAVR was associated with decrease in severity of MR.
authors: Noninvasive Cardiac Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California.
authors: Yuji
authors: Y
authors: Itabashi
authors: Heart Center, Tokyo Bay Urayasu/Ichikawa Medical Center, Chiba, Japan.
authors: Kentaro
authors: K
authors: Shibayama
authors: Noninvasive Cardiac Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California.
authors: Hirotsugu
authors: H
authors: Mihara
authors: Noninvasive Cardiac Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California.
authors: Hiroto
authors: H
authors: Utsunomiya
authors: Noninvasive Cardiac Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California.
authors: Javier
authors: J
authors: Berdejo
authors: Noninvasive Cardiac Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California.
authors: Reza
authors: R
authors: Arsanjani
authors: Noninvasive Cardiac Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California.
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Siegel
authors: Noninvasive Cardiac Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California.
authors: Tarun
authors: T
authors: Chakravarty
authors: Noninvasive Cardiac Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California.
authors: Hasan
authors: H
authors: Jilaihawi
authors: Noninvasive Cardiac Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California.
authors: Raj R
authors: RR
authors: Makkar
authors: Noninvasive Cardiac Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California.
authors: Takahiro
authors: T
authors: Shiota
mesh_terms: D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001021:Aortic Valve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013599:Systole; D065467:Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography
keywords: cardiac output; mitral regurgitation; stroke volume; transcatheter aortic valve replacement