title: The Prevalence and Sociodemographic Risk Factors of Enuresis Nocturna among Elementary School-age Children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Many etiological reasons are blamed for enuresis nocturna (EN). The aim of this study was to research prevalence and severity of EN among elementary school-age children and sociodemographic risk factors related to it.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was performed in three elementary schools in Ankara, Turkey between January and May 2011. It was planned to have 2500 students of 6-14 ages in the study. The questionnaire, which consisted of questions, aiming to evaluate the EN condition of participants and their characteristics, were distributed to the parents. It was observed that 2314 participants' questionnaires (92.56%) were in accordance with evaluation criteria.
  
  
  METHODS
  The relation between EN and the sociodemographic factors was evaluated through Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of 2314 participants was 9.21 ± 2.08. 48.5% (n = 1123) of the students were male and 51.5% (n = 1191) were female. While the general EN prevalence was 9.9% (n = 230); 10.7% (n = 120) for males, as 9.2% (n = 110) for females. Statistical significant difference was determined between the two groups, with EN and without EN, regarding age groups (P < 0.001), education level of parents (P < 0.001, P < 0.001), and the number of sibling (P = 0.002), income level (P < 0.001), and positive family history (P < 0.001). However, logistic regression analysis revealed that there was a significant difference only between EN and age groups (odds ratio [OR] =4.42, P < 0.001), education level of mother (OR = 2.13, P = 0.017) and family history (OR = 0.12, P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As a consequence, such factors as age groups, education level of parents, positive family history could be accepted as a risk of concerning EN. It is important to perform a detailed evaluation on population, carrying risk of having EN.
authors: Department of Family Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA ; Department of Family Medicine, Turkish Military Academy Primary Care Examination Center, Ankara, Turkey.
authors: Yusuf Cetin
authors: YC
authors: Doganer
authors: Department of Family Medicine, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey.
authors: Umit
authors: U
authors: Aydogan
authors: Department of Family Medicine, Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey.
authors: Kurtulus
authors: K
authors: Ongel
authors: Department of Family Medicine, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey.
authors: Oktay
authors: O
authors: Sari
authors: Department of Family Medicine, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey.
authors: Bayram
authors: B
authors: Koc
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey.
authors: Kenan
authors: K
authors: Saglam
keywords: Children; nocturnal enuresis; risk factors