title: Crude extract of Polygonum cuspidatum promotes immune responses in leukemic mice through enhancing phagocytosis of macrophage and natural killer cell activities in vivo.
abstract: Polygonum cuspidatum is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine used in the treatment of various diseases. In the present study, we investigated whether the crude extract of Polygonum cuspidatum (CEPC) could affect immune responses of murine leukemia cells in vivo. Normal BALB/c mice were i.p. injected with WEHI-3 cells to generate leukemic mice and then were treated orally with CEPC at 0, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg for three weeks. Animals were weighed and blood, liver, spleen samples were collected for further analyses. Results indicated that CEPC did not significantly affect the body and liver weight of animals, but reduced the weight of spleen when compared to control groups. Flow cytometric assay demonstrated that CEPC increased the percentage of CD3- (T-cell marker) and CD19- (B-cell marker) positive cells, but reduced that of CD11b-positive ones (monocytes). However, it did not significantly affect the proportion of Mac-3-positive cells (macrophages), compared to control groups. Results indicated that CEPC promoted phagocytosis by macrophages from blood samples at all examined doses but did not affect that of macrophages from the peritoneal cavity. CEPC also promoted natural killer cell activity of splenocytes at 200 mg/kg of CEPC. CEPC promoted B-cell proliferation at 200 mg/kg treatment when cells were stimulated with lipopolysaccharides but did not promote T-cell proliferation at three doses of CEPC treatment on concanavalin A stimulation.
authors: Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors: Fu-Shin
authors: FS
authors: Chueh
authors: School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. Division of Cardiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors: Jen-Jyh
authors: JJ
authors: Lin
authors: School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors: Jing-Pin
authors: JP
authors: Lin
authors: School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors: Fu-Shun
authors: FS
authors: Yu
authors: Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors: Ju-Hwa
authors: JH
authors: Lin
authors: School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C. Department of Chinese Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors: Yi-Shih
authors: YS
authors: Ma
authors: Department of Physiology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors: Yi-Ping
authors: YP
authors: Huang
authors: School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. jgchung@mail.cmu.edu.tw jclien@mail.cmu.edu.tw.
authors: Jin-Cherng
authors: JC
authors: Lien
authors: Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. jgchung@mail.cmu.edu.tw jclien@mail.cmu.edu.tw.
authors: Jing-Gung
authors: JG
authors: Chung
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000378:metabolism; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic / Q000187:drug effects; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D045468:Fallopia japonica / Q000737:chemistry*; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology*; D007942:Leukemia, Experimental; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000954:Antigens, Surface; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Balb/c mice; Crude extract of Polygonum cuspidatum; leukemia; macrophage; natural killer cells; phagocytosis