title: Refractory leg ulcers associated with Klinefelter syndrome.
abstract: We present a man with refractory leg ulcers, bilateral varicosis of the lower extremities, and Buerger disease. Autoimmune work-up was negative. However, chromosome analysis showed Klinefelter syndrome (48 XXY). Ulcerative lesions of the lower extremities are a complication of Klinefelter syndrome. To date, the pathogenesis of ulcers in Klinefelter syndrome has not been clarified, but several factors, such as abnormalities of fibrinolysis and prothrombotic states, might be involved. Our present case emphasizes the importance of considering Klinefelter syndrome in the differential diagnosis of a male patient with nonhealing ulcers of the lower extremities.
authors: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Nippon Medical School Musashi Kosugi Hospital.
authors: Yuto
authors: Y
authors: Yabuno
authors: Mamiko
authors: M
authors: Tosa
authors: Itaru
authors: I
authors: Iwakiri
authors: Shunichi
authors: S
authors: Nomoto
authors: Mayuko
authors: M
authors: Kaneko
authors: Kousuke
authors: K
authors: Kuwahara
authors: Hiko
authors: H
authors: Hyakusoku
authors: Masahiro
authors: M
authors: Murakami
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy; D041321:Chromosomes, Human, X; D041322:Chromosomes, Human, Y; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007713:Klinefelter Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010641:Phenotype; D012307:Risk Factors; D013919:Thromboangiitis Obliterans / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014647:Varicose Ulcer / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D014945:Wound Healing