title: Tumor grade of clear cell renal cell carcinoma assessed by contrast-enhanced computed tomography.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to clarify the association between CT findings and Fuhrman grade of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). The study group consisted of 214 surgically proven ccRCC in 214 patients. Contrast-enhanced CT studies were retrospectively assessed for tumor size, cystic versus solid, calcification, heterogeneity of lesions, percentage of non-enhancing (necrotic) areas, and growth pattern. CT findings and Fuhrman grade were compared. Nineteen of 22 (86.4%) cystic ccRCC were low grade (Fuhrman grades 1-2). There was no significant correlation between tumor size and grade in cystic ccRCC (P = 0.43). In predominantly solid ccRCC, there was significant correlation between tumor size and grade (P < 0.0001). Thirty-eight of 43 (88.4%) infiltrative ccRCC were high grade (Fuhrman grades 3-4). Logistic regression showed tumor size and infiltrative growth were significantly associated with grades 3-4 (P = 0.00083 and P = 0.0059). Cystic ccRCC tends to be low grade. Infiltrative growth and larger tumor size may increase the likelihood of high grade ccRCC.
authors: Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
authors: Kousei
authors: K
authors: Ishigami
authors: Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
authors: Leandro V
authors: LV
authors: Leite
authors: Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
authors: Marius G
authors: MG
authors: Pakalniskis
authors: Department of Urology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
authors: Daniel K
authors: DK
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
authors: Danniele G
authors: DG
authors: Holanda
authors: Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
authors: David M
authors: DM
authors: Kuehn
keywords: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma; Computed tomography; Cystic renal cell carcinoma; Fuhrman grade; Growth pattern