title: A brief glimpse over the horizon for type 1 diabetes nanotherapeutics.
abstract: The pace at which nanotherapeutic technology for human disease is evolving has accelerated exponentially over the past five years. Most of the technology is centered on drug delivery which, in some instances, offers tunable control of drug release. Emerging technologies have resulted in improvements in tissue and cell targeting while others are at the initial stages of pairing drug release and drug release kinetics with microenvironmental stimuli or changes in homeostasis. Nanotherapeutics has only recently been adopted for consideration as a prophylaxis/treatment approach in autoimmunity. Herein, we summarize the current state-of-the art of nanotherapeutics specifically for type 1 diabetes mellitus and offer our view over the horizon of where we envisage this modality evolving towards.
authors: Institute of Cellular Therapeutics, 11th Floor South Tower, Allegheny Health Network, 320 East North Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA. Electronic address: ygarciaf@wpahs.org.
authors: Yesica
authors: Y
authors: Garciafigueroa
authors: Institute of Cellular Therapeutics, 11th Floor South Tower, Allegheny Health Network, 320 East North Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA. Electronic address: MTrucco1@wpahs.org.
authors: Massimo
authors: M
authors: Trucco
authors: Institute of Cellular Therapeutics, 11th Floor South Tower, Allegheny Health Network, 320 East North Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA. Electronic address: NGiannou@wpahs.org.
authors: Nick
authors: N
authors: Giannoukakis
mesh_terms: D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000276:immunology; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D050997:Nanomedicine / Q000379:methods*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
keywords: Autoimmunity; Diabetes; Immunotherapy; Nanoparticles; Nanotherapeutics; Tolerance