title: Development of a Practical Method to Detect Noroviruses Contamination in Composite Meals.
abstract: Various methods to detect foodborne viruses including norovirus (NoV) in contaminated food have been developed. However, a practical method suitable for routine examination that can be applied for the detection of NoVs in oily, fatty, or emulsive food has not been established. In this study, we developed a new extraction and concentration method for detecting NoVs in contaminated composite meals. We spiked NoV-GI.4 or -GII.4 stool suspension into potato salad and stir-fried noodles. The food samples were suspended in homogenizing buffer and centrifuged to obtain a food emulsion. Then, anti-NoV-GI.4 or anti-NoV-GII.4 rabbit serum raised against recombinant virus-like particles or commercially available human gamma globulin and Staphylococcus aureus fixed with formalin as a source of protein A were added to the food emulsion. NoV-IgG-protein A-containing bacterial complexes were collected by centrifugation, and viral RNA was extracted. The detection limits of NoV RNA were 10-35 copies/g food for spiked NoVs in potato salad and stir-fried noodles. Human gamma globulin could also concentrate other NoV genotypes as well as other foodborne viruses, including sapovirus, hepatitis A virus, and adenovirus. This newly developed method can be used as to identify NoV contamination in composite foods and is also possibly applicable to other foodborne viruses.
authors: Akita Prefectural Research Center for Public Health and Environment, 6-6 Senshu-Kubotamachi, Akita, 010-0874, Japan, hrsaito@akita.office.ne.jp.
authors: Hiroyuki
authors: H
authors: Saito
authors: Miho
authors: M
authors: Toho
authors: Tomoyuki
authors: T
authors: Tanaka
authors: Mamoru
authors: M
authors: Noda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017250:Caliciviridae Infections / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D008460:Meat / Q000821:virology; D029322:Norovirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D011817:Rabbits; D014675:Vegetables / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral