title: Hallux Varus: An Underreported Presentation of Rheumatoid Arthritis.
abstract: The prevalence of hallux varus deformity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been reported to be extremely rare. However, in South Asian Countries, where open-toed shoes are habitual footwear for the majority of people, we have found that hallux varus is a common deformity in patients with RA. This rate of occurrence is much more common than that in published hallux deformities in RA and reinforces the impact of footwear on the development of hallux deformities. In this report, we present 3 illustrative cases of hallux varus developed in patients with RA and review the etiology of hallux varus deformity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Therapeutic, Level IV: Case Study.
authors: North Carolina Orthopaedic Clinic, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (TM, SGP)Sunshine Global Hospitals, Vadodara, Gujarat, India (RS, MD, NS)Duke Fuqua School of Business, Durham, North Carolina (SGP).
authors: Takumi
authors: T
authors: Matsumoto
authors: North Carolina Orthopaedic Clinic, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (TM, SGP)Sunshine Global Hospitals, Vadodara, Gujarat, India (RS, MD, NS)Duke Fuqua School of Business, Durham, North Carolina (SGP).
authors: Rajiv
authors: R
authors: Shah
authors: North Carolina Orthopaedic Clinic, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (TM, SGP)Sunshine Global Hospitals, Vadodara, Gujarat, India (RS, MD, NS)Duke Fuqua School of Business, Durham, North Carolina (SGP).
authors: Malhar
authors: M
authors: Dave
authors: North Carolina Orthopaedic Clinic, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (TM, SGP)Sunshine Global Hospitals, Vadodara, Gujarat, India (RS, MD, NS)Duke Fuqua School of Business, Durham, North Carolina (SGP).
authors: Nikesh
authors: N
authors: Shah
authors: North Carolina Orthopaedic Clinic, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (TM, SGP)Sunshine Global Hospitals, Vadodara, Gujarat, India (RS, MD, NS)Duke Fuqua School of Business, Durham, North Carolina (SGP) selene.parekh@gmail.com.
authors: Selene G
authors: SG
authors: Parekh
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D050488:Hallux Varus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D006801:Humans; D008683:Metatarsophalangeal Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012775:Shoes
keywords: footwear; hallux varus; rheumatoid arthritis