title: Contingent vouchers and motivational interviewing for cigarette smokers in residential substance abuse treatment.
abstract: Residential drug treatment provides an opportunity to intervene with smokers with substance use disorders (SUD). A randomized controlled clinical trial compared: (1) contingent vouchers (CV) for smoking abstinence to noncontingent vouchers (NCV), crossed with (2) motivational interviewing (MI) or brief advice (BA), for 184 smokers in SUD treatment. During the voucher period, 36% of carbon monoxide readings indicated smoking abstinence for those receiving CV versus 13% with NCV (p < .001). Post-treatment (3-9 months) point-prevalence abstinence rates were low (3-4% at each follow up), with more abstinence when CV was combined with MI (6.6% on average) than with BA (0% on average). No differential effects on drug use or motivation to quit smoking occurred. Thus, CV had limited effects on long-term smoking abstinence in this population but effects were improved when CV was combined with MI. More effective methods are needed to increase motivation to quit smoking and quit rates in this high-risk population.
authors: Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, RI 02908, USA; Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI 02912, USA. Electronic address: Damaris_Rohsenow@Brown.edu.
authors: Damaris J
authors: DJ
authors: Rohsenow
authors: Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
authors: Jennifer W
authors: JW
authors: Tidey
authors: Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
authors: Rosemarie A
authors: RA
authors: Martin
authors: Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
authors: Suzanne M
authors: SM
authors: Colby
authors: Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, RI 02908, USA; Brown University Medical School, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
authors: Alan D
authors: AD
authors: Sirota
authors: Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, RI 02908, USA; Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
authors: Robert M
authors: RM
authors: Swift
authors: Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
authors: Peter M
authors: PM
authors: Monti
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D062405:Motivational Interviewing / Q000379:methods*; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D012114:Residential Treatment; D012201:Reward; D012907:Smoking / Q000628:therapy*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000628:therapy
keywords: Brief advice; Contingency management; Contingent vouchers; Financial incentives; Motivation to quit smoking; Motivational interviewing; Nicotine dependence; Point-prevalence abstinence; Smoking cessation; Substance use disorders