title: Use of quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry for the characterization of transformation products of the antibiotic sulfamethazine upon photocatalysis with Pd-doped ceria-ZnO nanocomposite.
abstract: The photocatalytic degradation of the antibiotic sulfamethazine under excitation at 365 nm of Pd-doped ceria-ZnO nanocomposite, titanium dioxide and iron(III) aqua complex was deeply studied from the analytical point of view. It reveals the formation of nine degradation products that were detected in their protonated forms using LC/electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight MS in the positive mode. Their formation involves the hydroxyl radical, and their concentrations increased with irradiation time. Collision-induced dissociation tandem mass spectrometry associated with the accurate mass measurements was efficiently used for the elucidation of their chemical structures. None of these identified degradation products has been already reported in the literature. Three by-products result from the hydroxylation at the pyrimidine moiety as well as at the aromatic part, two of them arise from the scission of the pyrimidine group, and finally, three of them come from the scission of the sulfamide bridge. This points the evidence of studying the fate of these degradation products if their toxicity is demonstrated because they are clearly the result of the reaction of hydroxyl radical with the antibiotic sulfamethazine.
authors: Equipe de Chimie Analytique et Environnement (ECAE), Département de Chimie, Faculté Polydisciplinaire de Safi, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakesh, Morocco.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Rafqah
authors: Zaki S
authors: ZS
authors: Seddigi
authors: Saleh A
authors: SA
authors: Ahmed
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Danish
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Sarakha
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry*; D010165:Palladium / Q000737:chemistry*; D055668:Photochemical Processes; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods; D013418:Sulfamethazine / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D013418:Sulfamethazine; D010165:Palladium; D015034:Zinc Oxide
keywords: antibiotic; electrospray ionization; mass spectrometry; photocatalysis; sulfamethazine