title: Preclinical study of SZ2080 material 3D microstructured scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering made by femtosecond direct laser writing lithography.
abstract: Over the last decade DLW employing ultrafast pulsed lasers has become a well-established technique for the creation of custom-made free-form three-dimensional (3D) microscaffolds out of a variety of materials ranging from proteins to biocompatible glasses. Its potential applications for manufacturing a patient's specific scaffold seem unlimited in terms of spatial resolution and geometry complexity. However, despite few exceptions in which live cells or primitive organisms were encapsulated into a polymer matrix, no demonstration of an in vivo study case of scaffolds generated with the use of such a method was performed. Here, we report a preclinical study of 3D artificial microstructured scaffolds out of hybrid organic-inorganic (HOI) material SZ2080 fabricated using the DLW technique. The created 2.1 × 2.1 × 0.21 mm(3) membrane constructs are tested both in vitro by growing isolated allogeneic rabbit chondrocytes (Cho) and in vivo by implanting them into rabbit organisms for one, three and six months. An ex vivo histological examination shows that certain pore geometry and the pre-growing of Cho prior to implantation significantly improves the performance of the created 3D scaffolds. The achieved biocompatibility is comparable to the commercially available collagen membranes. The successful outcome of this study supports the idea that hexagonal-pore-shaped HOI microstructured scaffolds in combination with Cho seeding may be successfully implemented for cartilage tissue engineering.
authors: Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian Health Science University, Mickevičiaus 9, LT 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania. Institute of Sports, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Science, Kalniečių 231, LT 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania. Orthopaedic and Trauma Department, Lithuanian Health Science University, Mickevičiaus 9, LT 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors: Justinas
authors: J
authors: Mačiulaitis
authors: Milda
authors: M
authors: Deveikytė
authors: Sima
authors: S
authors: Rekštytė
authors: Maksim
authors: M
authors: Bratchikov
authors: Adas
authors: A
authors: Darinskas
authors: Agnė
authors: A
authors: Šimbelytė
authors: Gintaras
authors: G
authors: Daunoras
authors: Aida
authors: A
authors: Laurinavičienė
authors: Arvydas
authors: A
authors: Laurinavičius
authors: Rimtautas
authors: R
authors: Gudas
authors: Mangirdas
authors: M
authors: Malinauskas
authors: Romaldas
authors: R
authors: Mačiulaitis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002356:Cartilage / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D024043:Collagen Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D024121:Collagen Type X / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D007834:Lasers; D008297:Male; D008566:Membranes; D066330:Printing, Three-Dimensional; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011817:Rabbits; D013997:Time Factors; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D024043:Collagen Type II; D024121:Collagen Type X; D012333:RNA, Messenger