title: Coinfection with multiple strains of bovine papular stomatitis virus.
abstract: Bovine papular stomatitis virus (BPSV) infects cattle and, occupationally, humans. Prevalent subclinical infections, frequent reinfections, and virus persistence in healthy animals compound a poorly understood, but likely complex, scenario of BPSV perpetuation and transmission in nature. Here, we report the isolation of multiple BPSV strains coinfecting a single animal. Whole-genome analysis of isolated BPSV strains revealed genomic variability likely affecting virus virulence and infectivity. Further, incongruent phylogenetic relationships between viruses suggested genomic recombination. These results have significant implications for parapoxvirus infection biology and virus evolution in nature.
authors: Laboratory of Animal Infectious Disease and Microarray/Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, China.
authors: Tao
authors: T
authors: Huang
authors: Edan R
authors: ER
authors: Tulman
authors: Diego G
authors: DG
authors: Diel
authors: Sushil
authors: S
authors: Khatiwada
authors: Will
authors: W
authors: Sims
authors: John F
authors: JF
authors: Edwards
authors: Xintian
authors: X
authors: Wen
authors: Gerald F
authors: GF
authors: Kutish
authors: Daniel L
authors: DL
authors: Rock
authors: Gustavo
authors: G
authors: Delhon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002417:Cattle / Q000821:virology; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D060085:Coinfection / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016366:Open Reading Frames / Q000235:genetics; D018157:Parapoxvirus / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D011213:Poxviridae Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology