title: Aprepitant and fosaprepitant: a 10-year review of efficacy and safety.
abstract: Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is a common adverse event associated with anticancer treatment that can have a significant adverse impact on patient health-related quality of life and that can potentially undermine the effectiveness of chemotherapy. Traditional regimens to prevent CINV generally involved a combination of a corticosteroid plus a 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT3) receptor antagonist (RA). In the past 10 years, antiemetic treatment has greatly advanced with the availability of the neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist (NK1 RA) aprepitant and its prodrug fosaprepitant. NK1 RAs have a different mechanism of action in CINV than corticosteroids and 5HT3 RAs, thus their use can complement traditional antiemetic drugs and can enhance control of CINV. This review examined accumulated data regarding the safety and efficacy of aprepitant and fosaprepitant over the decade since the first regulatory approval. Data from key studies of aprepitant and fosaprepitant in the prevention of CINV in patients receiving moderately and highly emetogenic chemotherapy were explored, as were recommendations in currently available guidelines for their use. In addition, their use as antiemetic therapy in special patient populations was highlighted. Future perspectives on potential uses of aprepitant and fosaprepitant for indications other than CINV are presented.
authors: Clinique de Genolier, Genolier, Switzerland; Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; The Medical Oncology Center of Rosebank, Johannesburg, South Africa; University Clinic Halle, Halle, Germany; Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada maapro@genolier.net.
authors: Matti
authors: M
authors: Aapro
authors: Clinique de Genolier, Genolier, Switzerland; Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; The Medical Oncology Center of Rosebank, Johannesburg, South Africa; University Clinic Halle, Halle, Germany; Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Alexandra
authors: A
authors: Carides
authors: Clinique de Genolier, Genolier, Switzerland; Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; The Medical Oncology Center of Rosebank, Johannesburg, South Africa; University Clinic Halle, Halle, Germany; Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Bernardo L
authors: BL
authors: Rapoport
authors: Clinique de Genolier, Genolier, Switzerland; Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; The Medical Oncology Center of Rosebank, Johannesburg, South Africa; University Clinic Halle, Halle, Germany; Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Hans-Joachim
authors: HJ
authors: Schmoll
authors: Clinique de Genolier, Genolier, Switzerland; Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; The Medical Oncology Center of Rosebank, Johannesburg, South Africa; University Clinic Halle, Halle, Germany; Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Li
authors: L
authors: Zhang
authors: Clinique de Genolier, Genolier, Switzerland; Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; The Medical Oncology Center of Rosebank, Johannesburg, South Africa; University Clinic Halle, Halle, Germany; Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Warr
mesh_terms: D061605:Administration, Intravenous; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000932:Antiemetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000077608:Aprepitant; D004347:Drug Interactions; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006801:Humans; D009025:Morpholines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009325:Nausea / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D014839:Vomiting / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000932:Antiemetics; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D009025:Morpholines; D000077608:Aprepitant; C579707:fosaprepitant
keywords: Aprepitant; Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting; Fosaprepitant; Highly emetogenic chemotherapy; Moderately emetogenic chemotherapy; Neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist