title: Long-term safety and efficacy of tobramycin in the management of cystic fibrosis.
abstract: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a fatal inherited disease caused by mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene whose mortality is conditioned by a progressive decline in lung function. Bacterial infections play a key role in this decline. Chronic bacterial infection in CF patients varies over time and the presence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in sputum is a marker of poor prognosis. P. aeruginosa is eradicated from the airways using inhaled antibiotics administered in various formulations and devices. Antipseudomonal antibiotics have extended the survival of CF patients to 40 years. Tobramycin is a bactericidal aminoglycoside antibiotic with demonstrated activity against gram-negative microorganisms. Initially, the drug was administered as an inhaled parenteral solution. Subsequently, a specific tobramycin inhalation solution was developed. PulmoSphere™ technology enables dry tobramycin powder to be formulated for inhalation (tobramycin inhalation powder) using a small and portable capsule-based breath-activated device (T-326). Chronic colonization by P. aeruginosa is the main indication for aerosol antibiotic therapy. The American Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, European guidelines, and Spanish consensus guidelines provide different recommendations for eradication.
authors: Pulmonology Department, La Princesa Institute for Health Research, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
authors: Emma
authors: E
authors: Vázquez-Espinosa
authors: Pulmonology Department, La Princesa Institute for Health Research, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
authors: Rosa María
authors: RM
authors: Girón
authors: Pulmonology Department, La Princesa Institute for Health Research, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
authors: Rosa Mar
authors: RM
authors: Gómez-Punter
authors: Pulmonology Department, La Princesa Institute for Health Research, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
authors: Elena
authors: E
authors: García-Castillo
authors: Pulmonology Department, La Princesa Institute for Health Research, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
authors: Claudia
authors: C
authors: Valenzuela
authors: Pulmonology Department, La Princesa Institute for Health Research, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
authors: Carolina
authors: C
authors: Cisneros
authors: Pulmonology Department, La Princesa Institute for Health Research, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
authors: Enrique
authors: E
authors: Zamora
authors: Pulmonology Department, La Princesa Institute for Health Research, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
authors: F Javier
authors: FJ
authors: García-Pérez
authors: Pulmonology Department, La Princesa Institute for Health Research, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
authors: Julio
authors: J
authors: Ancochea
keywords: Pseudomonas aeruginosa; chronic infection; cystic fibrosis; inhaled antibiotic; tobramycin