title: Commercial single-walled carbon nanotubes effects in fibrinolysis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells.
abstract: Recent studies have demonstrated that carbon nanotubes (CNTs) induce platelet aggregation, endothelial dysfunction and vascular thrombosis. However, there is little information on the effects of CNTs on fibrinolysis. We investigated the role of pristine-commercial single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with <3% Co content in fibrinolysis and their contribution to the induction of pro-thrombotic processes in human vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). SWCNTs alone produced concentration-dependent oxidation, as measured by a dithiothreitol oxidation assay. Internalized SWCNTs were located in HUVEC treated with 25 μg/ml using transmission electron microscopy, whereas treatment with 50 μg/ml compromised cell viability, and oxidative stress increased significantly at 5 μg/ml. The study showed that in HUVEC treated with 25 μg SWCNT/ml, fibrinolysis-related gene expression and protein levels had increased by 3-12 h after treatment (serpine-1: 13-fold; PLAT: 11-fold and PLAU: 2-fold), but only the PAI-1 protein was increased (1.5-fold), whereas tissue and urokinase plasminogen activator proteins (tPA and uPA, respectively) tended to decrease. In summary, pristine SWCNTs treatment resulted in evident HUVEC damage caused by cell fiber contact, internalization, and oxidative stress due to contaminant metals. The generation of endothelial dysfunction, as shown by the altered expression of genes and proteins involved in fibrinolysis, suggest that SWCNTs display pro-thrombotic effects.
authors: Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (Cinvestav), Mexico.
authors: Yury
authors: Y
authors: Rodríguez-Yáñez
authors: Laboratorio Avanzado de Nanoscopía Electrónica (LANE), Cinvestav, Mexico.
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: Bahena-Uribe
authors: Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Cinvestav, Mexico.
authors: Bibiana
authors: B
authors: Chávez-Munguía
authors: Departamento de Biología Celular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico.
authors: Rebeca
authors: R
authors: López-Marure
authors: Hospital General de Ticomán, Secretaría de Salud del Distrito Federal, Mexico.
authors: Stuart
authors: S
authors: González-Monroy
authors: Departamento de Genética y de Biología Molecular, Cinvestav, Mexico.
authors: Bulmaro
authors: B
authors: Cisneros
authors: Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (Cinvestav), Mexico. Electronic address: aalbores@cinvestav.mx.
authors: Arnulfo
authors: A
authors: Albores
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005342:Fibrinolysis / Q000187:drug effects*; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000633:toxicity*; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000378:metabolism; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; C051321:SERPINE1 protein, human; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator
keywords: Commercial carbon nanotubes; Endothelial cells; Fibrinolysis; Oxidative stress