title: BIX-01294-induced autophagy regulates elongation of primary cilia.
abstract: Previously, we showed that BIX-01294 treatment strongly activates autophagy. Although, the interplay between autophagy and ciliogenesis has been suggested, the role of autophagy in ciliogenesis is controversial and largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of autophagy induced by BIX-01294 on the formation of primary cilia in human retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cells. Treatment of RPE cells with BIX-01294 caused strong elongation of the primary cilium and increased the number of ciliated cells, as well as autophagy activation. The elongated cilia in serum starved cultured cells were gradually decreased by re-feeding the cells with normal growth medium. However, the disassembly of cilia was blocked in the BIX-01294-treated cells. In addition, both genetic and chemical inhibition of autophagy suppressed BIX-01294-mediated ciliogenesis in RPE cells. Taken together, these results suggest that autophagy induced by BIX-01294 positively regulates the elongation of primary cilium.
authors: Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi 446-701, South Korea.
authors: Ji Hyun
authors: JH
authors: Shin
authors: Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, South Korea.
authors: Pan Soo
authors: PS
authors: Kim
authors: Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi 446-701, South Korea.
authors: Eun Sung
authors: ES
authors: Kim
authors: Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi 446-701, South Korea.
authors: So Jung
authors: SJ
authors: Park
authors: Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi 446-701, South Korea.
authors: Yoon Kyung
authors: YK
authors: Jo
authors: Asan Institute for Life Science, Institute for Innovative Cancer Research, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 138-736, South Korea.
authors: Jung Jin
authors: JJ
authors: Hwang
authors: School of Nano-Bioscience and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan 689-798, South Korea.
authors: Tae Joo
authors: TJ
authors: Park
authors: Research Institute for Future Medicine Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 137-710, South Korea.
authors: Jong Wook
authors: JW
authors: Chang
authors: Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, South Korea. Electronic address: jhseo@snu.ac.kr.
authors: Jin-Ho
authors: JH
authors: Seo
authors: Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi 446-701, South Korea. Electronic address: dhcho@khu.ac.kr.
authors: Dong-Hyung
authors: DH
authors: Cho
mesh_terms: D001343:Autophagy / Q000187:drug effects*; D001381:Azepines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D002923:Cilia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D011495:Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D006801:Humans; D011799:Quinazolines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055213:Retinal Pigment Epithelium / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D001381:Azepines; C518299:BIX 01294; D011799:Quinazolines; D011495:Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase
keywords: ATG6; Autophagy; BIX-01294; Cilia; Ciliogenesis