title: Wheezing and risk factors in the first year of life in Cantabria, Spain. The EISL study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of wheezing during the first year of life in Cantabria, Spain and its associated risk factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional, multicentre, descriptive epidemiological study was carried out in a representative sample of 958 infants in the first year of life, born in Cantabria. A previously validated and standardised written questionnaire was completed by the parents of infants seen between 12 and 15 months of age in the Primary Care Centres.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of wheezing was 32.7%. A relationship was found with male gender (OR 1.38, 95%CI [1.05-1.81]), the presence of a sibling (OR 2.43 [1.38-3.98]), attending nursery school (OR 2.40 [1.71-3.35]), exclusive breastfeeding for <3 months (OR 1.47 [1.12-1.93]), a first cold at ≤3 months (OR 2.07 [1.56-2.74]), asthma in siblings (OR 2.17 [1.25-3.77]), parental allergic rhinitis (OR 1.62 [1.10-2.37]) and paracetamol use >1 a week (OR 2.49 [1.31-4.73]), and maternal smoking during pregnancy (OR 2.18 [1.51-3.15]). The prevalence of recurrent wheezing (≥3 episodes) was 14.3%. Significant associations were observed with the male gender (OR 1.79 [1.23-2.60]), attending nursery school (OR 2.92 [1.96-4.35]), first cold at ≤3 months (OR 2.11 [1.46-3.04]), eczema (OR 1.92 [1.21-3.04]), maternal asthma (OR 1.77 [1.00-3.14]), exclusive breastfeeding for <3 months (OR 1.53 [1.06-2.22]), and maternal smoking during pregnancy (OR 1.53 [1.05-2.22]).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  One third of the infants experienced wheezing during the first year of life; those who were less exclusively breastfed, attended nursery school, presented eczema, family asthma or allergic rhinitis, and maternal smoking during pregnancy.
authors: Primary Care Pediatrician, Centro de Salud Buelna, Los Corrales de Buelna, Spain. Electronic address: alberto.bercedo@scsalud.es.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Bercedo-Sanz
authors: Primary Care Pediatrician, Centro de Salud Cudeyo, Rubayo, Spain.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Lastra-Martínez
authors: Primary Care Pediatrician, Centro de Salud de Pizarrales, Salamanca, Spain.
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Pellegrini-Belinchón
authors: Department of Statistics, University of Salamanca, Spain.
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Vicente-Galindo
authors: Department of Pediatrics, University of Salamanca, Spain.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Lorente-Toledano
authors: Unit of Pediatric Pneumology and Allergy, "Virgen de la Arrixaca" University Children's Hospital, University of Murcia, Spain.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: García-Marcos
mesh_terms: D001249:Asthma / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001942:Breast Feeding; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D015995:Prevalence; D012135:Respiratory Sounds / Q000209:etiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012578:Schools, Nursery; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D013030:Spain
keywords: Asthma; EISL; Epidemiology; Prevalence; Recurrent wheeze; Wheezing; Wheezing in infants