title: A novel class of interstitial cells in the mouse and monkey female reproductive tracts.
abstract: Growing evidence suggests important roles for specialized platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha-positive (PDGFRalpha(+)) cells in regulating the behaviors of visceral smooth muscle organs. Examination of the female reproductive tracts of mice and monkeys showed that PDGFRalpha(+) cells form extensive networks in ovary, oviduct, and uterus. PDGFRalpha(+) cells were located in discrete locations within these organs, and their distribution and density were similar in rodents and primates. PDGFRalpha(+) cells were distinct from smooth muscle cells and interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC). This was demonstrated with immunohistochemical techniques and by performing molecular expression studies on PDGFRalpha(+) cells from mice with enhanced green fluorescent protein driven off of the endogenous promoter for Pdgfralpha. Significant differences in gene expression were found in PDGFRalpha(+) cells from ovary, oviduct, and uterus. Differences in gene expression were also detected in cells from different tissue regions within the same organ (e.g., uterine myometrium vs. endometrium). PDGFRalpha(+) cells are unlikely to provide pacemaker activity because they lack significant expression of key pacemaker genes found in ICC (Kit and Ano1). Gja1 encoding connexin 43 was expressed at relatively high levels in PDGFRalpha(+) cells (except in the ovary), suggesting these cells can form gap junctions to one another and neighboring smooth muscle cells. PDGFRalpha(+) cells also expressed the early response transcription factor and proto-oncogene Fos, particularly in the ovary. These data demonstrate extensive distribution of PDGFRalpha(+) cells throughout the female reproductive tract. These cells are a heterogeneous population of cells that are likely to contribute to different aspects of physiological regulation in the various anatomical niches they occupy.
authors: Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada.
authors: Lauren E
authors: LE
authors: Peri
authors: Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada.
authors: Byoung H
authors: BH
authors: Koh
authors: Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada.
authors: Grace K
authors: GK
authors: Ward
authors: Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada.
authors: Yulia
authors: Y
authors: Bayguinov
authors: Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada.
authors: Sung Jin
authors: SJ
authors: Hwang
authors: Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada.
authors: Thomas W
authors: TW
authors: Gould
authors: Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada.
authors: Catrina J
authors: CJ
authors: Mullan
authors: Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada.
authors: Kenton M
authors: KM
authors: Sanders
authors: Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada smward@medicine.nevada.edu.
authors: Sean M
authors: SM
authors: Ward
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018031:Connexin 43 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D030762:Estrous Cycle; D005260:Female; D005836:Genitalia, Female / Q000166:cytology*; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D056885:Interstitial Cells of Cajal; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D020796:Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D018031:Connexin 43; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D020796:Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha
keywords: PDGFRα+ cells; fibroblast-like cells; interstitial cells