title: LED 590 nm photomodulation reduces UVA-induced metalloproteinase-1 expression via upregulation of antioxidant enzyme catalase.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Light at visible spectrum has been associated with anti-inflammatory and anti-aging effects. Ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation is the most important environmental factor associated with exogenous aging via induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In this study, we focused on elucidating the molecular mechanisms involved in biological effects associated with 590 nm light delivered from light emitting diode (LED).
  
  
  METHODS
  UVA-induced metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) expression in dermal fibroblast was used as a model system for investigation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pretreating cultured human fibroblasts with 590 nm light attenuated UVA-induced ROS, phosphorylated Jun N-terminal kinases, and MMP-1 expressions in a sequential manner. Pretreatment with potent antioxidant N-acetylcysteine produced similar effect, suggesting enhanced antioxidant capacity induced by 590 nm photomodulation. Further experiments demonstrated that 590 nm photomodulation attenuated UVA-induced ROS and MMP-1 expressions via mitochondrial retrograde signaling that augments the antioxidant enzyme expression in a peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α-dependent manner.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results provided possible mechanistic insights explaining the effect of visible light on treating clinical conditions associated with ROS-mediated dysfunctions.
authors: Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, and Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors: Cheng-Che E
authors: CC
authors: Lan
authors: Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, and Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors: Pei-Yun
authors: PY
authors: Ho
authors: Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors: Ching-Shuang
authors: CS
authors: Wu
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, and College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors: Rei-Cheng
authors: RC
authors: Yang
authors: Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, and Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; National Environmental Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan. Electronic address: dermyu@kmu.edu.tw.
authors: Hsin-Su
authors: HS
authors: Yu
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D002374:Catalase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000528:radiation effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000201:enzymology / Q000528:radiation effects; D020868:Gene Silencing; D006801:Humans; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D008027:Light; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000201:enzymology / Q000528:radiation effects; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000528:radiation effects; D012867:Skin / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D015595:Skin Aging / Q000528:radiation effects*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000528:radiation effects
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; C486497:PPARGC1A protein, human; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014157:Transcription Factors; D002374:Catalase; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1; D000111:Acetylcysteine
keywords: 590nm light; Catalase; Peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α; Reactive oxygen species; UVA