title: Platonin preserves blood-brain barrier integrity in septic rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Platonin possesses potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidative capacities. Because systemic inflammation and oxidative stress are crucial in mediating sepsis-induced blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity loss, this study elucidated the effects of platonin on preserving BBB integrity in septic rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 72 adult male rats (200-250 g) were randomized to receive cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), CLP plus platonin, sham operation, or sham operation plus platonin (n = 18 in each group). Systemic inflammation and oxidation levels and BBB integrity in the surviving rats were determined after 24-hour monitoring.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and malondialdehyde (MDA)-markers of systemic inflammation and oxidation-and the grading of Evans blue staining of the brains, BBB permeability to Evans blue dye, and brain edema levels-markers of BBB integrity-in rats that received CLP were significantly higher than rats that received sham operation (all p < 0.001). By contrast, the plasma levels of IL-6 (p < 0.001) and MDA (p < 0.001), and the grading of Evans blue staining (p = 0.015), BBB permeability to Evans blue dye (p = 0.043), and brain edema levels (p = 0.034) in rats that received CLP plus platonin were significantly lower than rats that received CLP. Experimental data further revealed that the concentration of tight junction protein claudin-5, a major structural component of BBB, in rats that received CLP was significantly lower than rats that received CLP plus platonin (p = 0.023).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Platonin could attenuate sepsis-induced BBB integrity loss in rats.
authors: Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors: Chia-Tse
authors: CT
authors: Yeh
authors: Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
authors: Ming-Chang
authors: MC
authors: Kao
authors: Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
authors: Cay-Huyen
authors: CH
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan. Electronic address: huangcj1112@gmail.com.
authors: Chun-Jen
authors: CJ
authors: Huang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000187:drug effects*; D001929:Brain Edema / Q000209:etiology; D062507:Claudin-5 / Q000032:analysis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018805:Sepsis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D062507:Claudin-5; C491510:Cldn5 protein, rat; D015850:Interleukin-6; D013844:Thiazoles; C032149:platonin
keywords: Evans blue dye; cecal ligation and puncture; inflammation; rat; tight junction