title: Neutrophil extracellular traps and their role in the development of chronic inflammation and autoimmunity.
abstract: The pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases is initially based on a redundant or prolonged activation of the innate immune system. It was suggested that an excessive activation of the innate immunity is often the result of a chronic inflammatory process in the organism. This inflammation can be induced by exogenous and endogenous alarm factors, or alarmins. We believe that the recently discovered neutrophil extracellular traps, or NETs, completely meet the criteria of alarmins. This review summarizes current knowledge concerning the general characteristics of NETs, their antimicrobial properties, and their role in the development of chronic inflammatory processes that underlie the pathogenesis of psoriasis and atherosclerosis. Studies on the NETosis can provide the foundation for developing new diagnostic methods and effective treatment of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
authors: Institute of Immunology, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Kashirskoe Shosse 24/2, 115478 Moscow, Russia. Electronic address: bvpinegin@mail.ru.
authors: Boris
authors: B
authors: Pinegin
authors: Biology Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1/12, 119991 Moscow, Russia. Electronic address: nvvorobjeva@mail.ru.
authors: Nina
authors: N
authors: Vorobjeva
authors: I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
authors: Vladimir
authors: V
authors: Pinegin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015551:Autoimmunity / Q000276:immunology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D065206:Extracellular Traps / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology*; D011565:Psoriasis / Q000276:immunology
keywords: Alarmins; Atherosclerosis; LL-37/DNA complex; NETosis; Neutrophil extracellular traps; Neutrophils; Psoriasis