title: Meiosis, unreduced gametes, and parthenogenesis: implications for engineering clonal seed formation in crops.
abstract: Meiosis and unreduced gametes. Sexual flowering plants produce meiotically derived cells that give rise to the male and female haploid gametophytic phase. In the ovule, usually a single precursor (the megaspore mother cell) undergoes meiosis to form four haploid megaspores; however, numerous mutants result in the formation of unreduced gametes, sometimes showing female specificity, a phenomenon reminiscent of the initiation of gametophytic apomixis. Here, we review the developmental events that occur during female meiosis and megasporogenesis at the light of current possibilities to engineer unreduced gamete formation. We also provide an overview of the current understanding of mechanisms leading to parthenogenesis and discuss some of the conceptual implications for attempting the induction of clonal seed production in cultivated plants.
authors: Group of Reproductive Development and Apomixis, UGA Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad, CINVESTAV Irapuato, Km 9.6 Libramiento Norte Carretera Irapuato-León, CP 36821, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico.
authors: Arnaud
authors: A
authors: Ronceret
authors: Jean-Philippe
authors: JP
authors: Vielle-Calzada
mesh_terms: D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000166:cytology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D055993:Germ Cells, Plant / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008540:Meiosis; D010312:Parthenogenesis; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012639:Seeds / Q000166:cytology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins