title: Relationship between metabolic control and self-monitoring of blood glucose in insulin-treated patients with diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the relationship between metabolic control (MC) and frequency of self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) in insulin-treated patients with type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 (T2DM) diabetes mellitus, and to analyze the factors associated to MC.
  
  
  METHODS
  A multicenter, cross-sectional, observational study was conducted in which endocrinologists enrolled diabetic patients treated with insulin who used a glucometer. The cut-off value for MC was HbA1c ≤ 7%. Grade of acceptance of the glucometer was assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 341 patients (53.5% males) with a mean age (SD) 52.8 (16.3) years, mean HbA1c of 7.69% (1.25) and 128 (37.5%) with T1DM and 211 (61.9%) with T2DM were evaluable. SMBG was done by 86.1% at least once weekly. No relationship was seen between MC and SMBG (P=.678) in the overall sample or in the T1DM (P=.940) or T2DM (P=.343) subgroups. In the logistic regression model, hyperglycemic episodes (Exp-b [risk] 1.794, P=0.022), falsely elevated HbA1c values (Exp-b 3.182, P=.005), and VAS (Exp-b 1.269, P=.008) were associated to poor MC in the total sample. Hyperglycemic episodes (Exp-b 2.538, P=.004), falsely elevated HbA1c values (Exp-b 3.125, P=.012), and VAS (Exp-b 1.316, P=.026) were associated to poor MC in the T2DM subgroup, while body mass index (Exp-b 1.143, P=.046) was associated to poor MC in the T1DM subgroup.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this retrospective, non-controlled study on patients with DM treated with insulin who used a glucometer, no relationship was seen between the degree of metabolic control and frequency of use of the glucometer.
authors: Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital de A Coruña, La Coruña, España. Electronic address: alfonso.soto.gonzalez@sergas.es.
authors: Alfonso
authors: A
authors: Soto González
authors: Consulta privada, Medicina Interna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, España.
authors: Niurka
authors: N
authors: Quintela Fernández
authors: Servicio de Endocrinología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, España.
authors: Alfonso
authors: A
authors: Pumar López
authors: Servicio de Endocrinología, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, España.
authors: Ricardo
authors: R
authors: Darias Garzón
authors: Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital de Valme, Sevilla, España.
authors: Margarita
authors: M
authors: Rivas Fernández
authors: Departamento Médico de Sanofi, Barcelona, España.
authors: Gloria
authors: G
authors: Barberá Comes
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D015190:Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003927:Diet, Diabetic; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin
keywords: Automonitorización glucemia capilar; Control metabólico; Diabetes mellitus; Insulin; Insulina; Metabolic control; Self-monitoring of blood glucose; Tipo 1; Tipo 2; Type 1; Type 2