title: Influence of Gadoxetate Disodium on Oxygen Saturation and Heart Rate during Dynamic Contrast-enhanced MR Imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether gadoxetate disodium affects peripheral capillary oxygen saturation (SpO2) and/or heart rate (HR) during dynamic contrast material-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in patients with liver diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective study was approved by the institutional review board, who waived the requirement for informed consent. Four hundred fifty-eight patients (171 women [mean age, 66.5 years; range, 23-87 years] and 287 men [mean age, 61.1 years; range, 25-89 years]) who underwent liver DCE MR imaging with gadoxetate disodium (0.025 mmol per kilogram of body weight) from October 28, 2013, to June 24, 2014, were included in this study. They were monitored for SpO2 and HR during DCE MR imaging. Motion artifact severity was graded by using a five-point scale, and transient severe motion (TSM) was defined by a score of at least 4. The association between TSM and baseline predictors was assessed, and HR and SpO2 at each postcontrast phase were compared with those at the precontrast phase in the TSM and non-TSM groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four hundred thirty-six patients were included in the non-TSM group, and 22 were included in the TSM group. Although the motion score was the worst at the arterial phase, the observed mean differences in SpO2 and HR between the precontrast phase and the arterial phase were less than 1% and 5 beats per minute, respectively (mean SpO2 ± standard deviation for the non-TSM group, 96.7% ± 1.8 vs 96.9% ± 1.8 [P = .11]; SpO2 for the TSM group, 96.4% ± 1.6 vs 96.1% ± 1.6 [P > .99]) (HR for the non-TSM group, 68.9 beats per minute ± 12.4 vs 70.9 beats per minute ± 12.1 [P < .0001]; HR for the TSM group, 75.0 beats per minute ± 11.8 vs 79.9 beats per minute ± 10.2 [P < .0001]).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intravenous gadoxetate disodium (a weight-based dose) does not cause changes in SpO2 and HR that lead to image quality degradation.
authors: From the Department of Radiological Technology (T.H., Y.T., J.T., N.T., M.H., K.F., M.T.), Okinaka Memorial Institute for Medical Research (T.H., S.S., Y.T., J.T., N.T., M.H., K.F., M.T., H.K.), Department of Hepatology (S.S., H.K.), and Department of Radiology (S.S.), Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan; and Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan (T.H., T.M.).
authors: Tatsuya
authors: T
authors: Hayashi
authors: From the Department of Radiological Technology (T.H., Y.T., J.T., N.T., M.H., K.F., M.T.), Okinaka Memorial Institute for Medical Research (T.H., S.S., Y.T., J.T., N.T., M.H., K.F., M.T., H.K.), Department of Hepatology (S.S., H.K.), and Department of Radiology (S.S.), Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan; and Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan (T.H., T.M.).
authors: Satoshi
authors: S
authors: Saitoh
authors: From the Department of Radiological Technology (T.H., Y.T., J.T., N.T., M.H., K.F., M.T.), Okinaka Memorial Institute for Medical Research (T.H., S.S., Y.T., J.T., N.T., M.H., K.F., M.T., H.K.), Department of Hepatology (S.S., H.K.), and Department of Radiology (S.S.), Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan; and Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan (T.H., T.M.).
authors: Yoshinori
authors: Y
authors: Tsuji
authors: From the Department of Radiological Technology (T.H., Y.T., J.T., N.T., M.H., K.F., M.T.), Okinaka Memorial Institute for Medical Research (T.H., S.S., Y.T., J.T., N.T., M.H., K.F., M.T., H.K.), Department of Hepatology (S.S., H.K.), and Department of Radiology (S.S.), Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan; and Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan (T.H., T.M.).
authors: Junji
authors: J
authors: Takahashi
authors: From the Department of Radiological Technology (T.H., Y.T., J.T., N.T., M.H., K.F., M.T.), Okinaka Memorial Institute for Medical Research (T.H., S.S., Y.T., J.T., N.T., M.H., K.F., M.T., H.K.), Department of Hepatology (S.S., H.K.), and Department of Radiology (S.S.), Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan; and Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan (T.H., T.M.).
authors: Naomi
authors: N
authors: Tagaya
authors: From the Department of Radiological Technology (T.H., Y.T., J.T., N.T., M.H., K.F., M.T.), Okinaka Memorial Institute for Medical Research (T.H., S.S., Y.T., J.T., N.T., M.H., K.F., M.T., H.K.), Department of Hepatology (S.S., H.K.), and Department of Radiology (S.S.), Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan; and Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan (T.H., T.M.).
authors: Mariko
authors: M
authors: Hiramoto
authors: From the Department of Radiological Technology (T.H., Y.T., J.T., N.T., M.H., K.F., M.T.), Okinaka Memorial Institute for Medical Research (T.H., S.S., Y.T., J.T., N.T., M.H., K.F., M.T., H.K.), Department of Hepatology (S.S., H.K.), and Department of Radiology (S.S.), Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan; and Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan (T.H., T.M.).
authors: Kei
authors: K
authors: Fukuzawa
authors: From the Department of Radiological Technology (T.H., Y.T., J.T., N.T., M.H., K.F., M.T.), Okinaka Memorial Institute for Medical Research (T.H., S.S., Y.T., J.T., N.T., M.H., K.F., M.T., H.K.), Department of Hepatology (S.S., H.K.), and Department of Radiology (S.S.), Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan; and Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan (T.H., T.M.).
authors: Masakatsu
authors: M
authors: Tano
authors: From the Department of Radiological Technology (T.H., Y.T., J.T., N.T., M.H., K.F., M.T.), Okinaka Memorial Institute for Medical Research (T.H., S.S., Y.T., J.T., N.T., M.H., K.F., M.T., H.K.), Department of Hepatology (S.S., H.K.), and Department of Radiology (S.S.), Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan; and Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan (T.H., T.M.).
authors: Tosiaki
authors: T
authors: Miyati
authors: From the Department of Radiological Technology (T.H., Y.T., J.T., N.T., M.H., K.F., M.T.), Okinaka Memorial Institute for Medical Research (T.H., S.S., Y.T., J.T., N.T., M.H., K.F., M.T., H.K.), Department of Hepatology (S.S., H.K.), and Department of Radiology (S.S.), Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan; and Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan (T.H., T.M.).
authors: Hiromitsu
authors: H
authors: Kumada
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; C073590:gadolinium ethoxybenzyl DTPA; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D010100:Oxygen