title: Responses of cytochrome P450, GST, and MXR in the mollusk Corbicula fluminea to the exposure to hospital wastewater effluents.
abstract: Pharmaceutical products are a major group of chemical compounds that are continuously released into the environment. The primary pathway of pharmaceuticals to the aquatic environment is the discharge of wastewater effluents. The Psychiatric hospital of Montpon (Dordogne, France) operates with its wastewater treatment plant. We first evaluated the presence and concentrations of 27 pharmaceuticals compounds in these effluents. All of the 27 compounds were detected in these wastewater effluents at concentrations ranging between 37,500 ng L(-1) (paracetamol) and 150 ng L(-1) (citalopram). The aim of the study was then to evaluate the exposure effects of the effluents on cytochrome P450, GST, and MXR responses in Corbicula fluminea gills and digestive glands. Experiments on clams exposed during 1, 3, 7 14, and 21 days revealed a strong and continuous overexpression of mdr1 (multidrug resistant 1) gene expression in gills and transitory variations in pi-gst expression and GST activity. EROD activity increased also transitory after 1 day in the digestive gland of exposed clams. These results indicated that in the effluent, some molecules have undergone metabolism of phase 1 and/or phase 2.
authors: University of Albi, Place de Verdun, 81012, Albi cedex 9, France, elsa.bonnafe@univ-jfc.fr.
authors: Elsa
authors: E
authors: Bonnafé
authors: Sophie
authors: S
authors: Sroda
authors: Hélène
authors: H
authors: Budzinski
authors: Amélie
authors: A
authors: Valière
authors: Julie
authors: J
authors: Pedelluc
authors: Pierre
authors: P
authors: Marty
authors: Florence
authors: F
authors: Geret
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049874:Corbicula / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005602:France; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism*; D006778:Hospitals, Psychiatric; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D062065:Wastewater / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D015262:Xenobiotics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D015262:Xenobiotics