title: Small telescopes: detectability and the evaluation of replication results.
abstract: This article introduces a new approach for evaluating replication results. It combines effect-size estimation with hypothesis testing, assessing the extent to which the replication results are consistent with an effect size big enough to have been detectable in the original study. The approach is demonstrated by examining replications of three well-known findings. Its benefits include the following: (a) differentiating "unsuccessful" replication attempts (i.e., studies yielding p > .05) that are too noisy from those that actively indicate the effect is undetectably different from zero, (b) "protecting" true findings from underpowered replications, and (c) arriving at intuitively compelling inferences in general and for the revisited replications in particular.
authors: The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania uws@wharton.upenn.edu.
authors: Uri
authors: U
authors: Simonsohn
mesh_terms: D001256:Astronomy / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D015233:Models, Statistical; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012107:Research Design; D018401:Sample Size; D061351:Telescopes
keywords: hypothesis testing; open materials; replication; statistical power