title: Proliferation of cultured mouse choroid plexus epithelial cells.
abstract: The choroid plexus (ChP) epithelium is a multifunctional tissue found in the ventricles of the brain. The major function of the ChP epithelium is to produce cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that bathes and nourishes the central nervous system (CNS). In addition to the CSF, ChP epithelial cells (CPECs) produce and secrete numerous neurotrophic factors that support brain homeostasis, such as adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Accordingly, damage and dysfunction to CPECs are thought to accelerate and intensify multiple disease phenotypes, and CPEC regeneration would represent a potential therapeutic approach for these diseases. However, previous reports suggest that CPECs rarely divide, although this has not been extensively studied in response to extrinsic factors. Utilizing a cell-cycle reporter mouse line and live cell imaging, we identified scratch injury and the growth factors insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) as extrinsic cues that promote increased CPEC expansion in vitro. Furthermore, we found that IGF-1 and EGF treatment enhances scratch injury-induced proliferation. Finally, we established whole tissue explant cultures and observed that IGF-1 and EGF promote CPEC division within the intact ChP epithelium. We conclude that although CPECs normally have a slow turnover rate, they expand in response to external stimuli such as injury and/or growth factors, which provides a potential avenue for enhancing ChP function after brain injury or neurodegeneration.
authors: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America; Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, United States of America.
authors: Basam Z
authors: BZ
authors: Barkho
authors: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America; Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, United States of America; Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California Irvine School of Biological Sciences, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America.
authors: Edwin S
authors: ES
authors: Monuki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002831:Choroid Plexus / Q000166:cytology*; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I