title: Readers, writers, and erasers: chromatin as the whiteboard of heart disease.
abstract: Dynamic packaging of DNA into strings of nucleosomes is a major mechanism whereby eukaryotic cells regulate gene expression. Intricate control of nucleosomal structure and assembly governs access of RNA polymerase II to DNA and consequent RNA synthesis. As part of this, post-translational modifications of histone proteins are central to the regulation of chromatin structure, playing vital roles in regulating the activation and repression of gene transcription. In the heart, dynamic homeostasis of histone modification-driven by the actions of modifiers and recruitment of downstream effectors-is a fundamental regulator of the transcriptional reprogramming that occurs in the setting of disease-related stress. Here, we examine the growing evidence for histone modification as a key mechanism governing pathological growth and remodeling of the myocardium.
authors: From the Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) (T.G.G., J.A.H.) and Molecular Biology (J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas. thomas.gillette@utsouthwestern.edu.
authors: Thomas G
authors: TG
authors: Gillette
authors: From the Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) (T.G.G., J.A.H.) and Molecular Biology (J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.
authors: Joseph A
authors: JA
authors: Hill
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation; D000818:Animals; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002843:Chromatin / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D042002:Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D005318:Fetal Heart / Q000254:growth & development; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006321:Heart / Q000196:embryology; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000235:genetics*; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases / Q000502:physiology; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000502:physiology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D056466:Histone Demethylases / Q000502:physiology; D000076983:Histone Methyltransferases; D011495:Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase / Q000502:physiology; D006657:Histones / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008745:Methylation; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D009707:Nucleosomes / Q000235:genetics / Q000648:ultrastructure; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D051381:Rats; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D002843:Chromatin; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006657:Histones; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D009707:Nucleosomes; D056466:Histone Demethylases; D000076983:Histone Methyltransferases; D011495:Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases; D006655:Histone Deacetylases
keywords: chromatin; chromatin assembly and disassembly; epigenomics