title: Pasteurella species peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis: Household pets as a risk factor.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pasteurella species are Gram-negative coccobacilli that are a part of the normal oropharyngeal flora of numerous domestic animals. They have been recognized as a rare but significant cause of peritonitis in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD). A consensus about management strategies for PD-associated peritonitis caused by Pasteurella species currently does not exist.
  
  
  METHODS
  The microbiological database serving the Manitoba Renal Program was searched from 1997 to 2013 for cases of Pasteurella species PD-associated peritonitis, and charts were reviewed. PubMed was searched for case reports and data were abstracted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven new local cases and 30 previously reported cases were analyzed. This infection is clinically similar to other forms of PD peritonitis, with household pet exposure appearing to be the strongest risk factor. Cats are the most commonly implicated pet. Direct contact between the pet and the equipment was commonly reported (25 of 37 patients) but was not necessary for infection to develop. The mean duration of treatment was 15 days. Complication rates were low, with only 11% of patients requiring PD catheter removal. There was no mortality reported.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pasteurella species are a rare cause of PD-associated peritonitis that can be successfully treated with a two-week course of intraperitoneal antibiotics with a high likelihood of catheter salvage.
authors: Section of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health;
authors: Philippe Guillaume
authors: PG
authors: Poliquin
authors: Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba; ; Department of Clinical Microbiology, St Boniface General Hospital;
authors: Philippe
authors: P
authors: Lagacé-Wiens
authors: Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, and Manitoba Renal Program;
authors: Mauro
authors: M
authors: Verrelli
authors: Section of Cardiology;
authors: David W
authors: DW
authors: Allen
authors: Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba; ; Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba.
authors: John M
authors: JM
authors: Embil
keywords: Cat; Pasteurella multocida; Pasteurella species; Peritoneal dialysis; Peritonitis