title: Spatial distribution and sources of heavy metals and petroleum hydrocarbon in the sand flats of Shuangtaizi Estuary, Bohai Sea of China.
abstract: The concentrations of heavy metals and petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs) in surface sediments were investigated in the sand flats of Shuangtaizi Estuary, Bohai Sea of China in May, 2013. Ecological risk assessment indicated that most heavy metals cause low ecological risk to the estuarine environment, with the exception of Cd and Hg (considerable and moderate risk, respectively). Principal component analysis in combination with correlation analysis among heavy metals, PHCs and geological factors (e.g., granularity) was used to identify possible sources of pollutants in Shuangtaizi Estuary. Results showed that the main pollution sources of the area come from anthropogenic factors, such as sewage discharge and oil exploitation.
authors: National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration, Dalian 116023, PR China; Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, PR China.
authors: Xiaolong
authors: X
authors: Yang
authors: National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration, Dalian 116023, PR China. Electronic address: xtyuan@nmemc.org.cn.
authors: Xiutang
authors: X
authors: Yuan
authors: National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration, Dalian 116023, PR China; Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou 315211, PR China.
authors: Anguo
authors: A
authors: Zhang
authors: Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
authors: Yuze
authors: Y
authors: Mao
authors: Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, PR China.
authors: Qiang
authors: Q
authors: Li
authors: National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration, Dalian 116023, PR China.
authors: Humin
authors: H
authors: Zong
authors: National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration, Dalian 116023, PR China.
authors: Lijun
authors: L
authors: Wang
authors: Panjin Guanghe Crab Co. Ltd, Panjin 124200, PR China.
authors: Xiaodong
authors: X
authors: Li
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D063366:Estuaries; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry; D006838:Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis*; D010578:Petroleum / Q000032:analysis*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D006838:Hydrocarbons; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D010578:Petroleum; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Distribution; Ecological risk assessment; Heavy metals; Petroleum hydrocarbon; Shuangtaizi Estuary; Source