title: Biocompatibility and osteogenesis of calcium phosphate composite scaffolds containing simvastatin-loaded PLGA microspheres for bone tissue engineering.
abstract: By utilizing a modified solid/oil/water (s/o/w) emulsion solvent evaporation technique, calcium phosphate composite scaffolds containing simvastatin-loaded PLGA microspheres (SIM-PLGA-CPC) were prepared in this study. We characterized the morphology, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro drug release of SIM-loaded PLGA microspheres as well as the macrostructure, pore size, porosity and mechanical strength of the scaffolds. Rabbit bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were seeded onto SIM-PLGA-CPC scaffolds, and the proliferation, morphology, cell cycle and differentiation of BMSCs were investigated using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), flow cytometry, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and alizarin red S staining, respectively. The results revealed that SIM-PLGA-CPC scaffolds were biocompatible and osteogenic in vitro. To determine the in vivo biocompatibility and osteogenesis of the scaffolds, both pure PLGA-CPC scaffolds and SIM-PLGA-CPC scaffolds were implanted in rabbit femoral condyles and microradiographically and histologically investigated. SIM-PLGA-CPC scaffolds exhibited good biocompatibility and could improve the efficiency of new bone formation. All these results suggested that the SIM-PLGA-CPC scaffolds fulfilled the basic requirements of bone tissue engineering scaffold and possessed application potentials in orthopedic surgery.
authors: Department of Orthopedics, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
authors: Hao-Xuan
authors: HX
authors: Zhang
authors: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.|Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
authors: Gui-Yong
authors: GY
authors: Xiao
authors: Department of Orthopedics, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
authors: Xia
authors: X
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
authors: Zhao-Gang
authors: ZG
authors: Dong
authors: Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Public Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
authors: Zhi-Yong
authors: ZY
authors: Ma
authors: Department of Orthopedics, The People's Hospital of Qihe, Dezhou, Shandong, 251100, China.
authors: Lei
authors: L
authors: Li
authors: Department of Orthopedics, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
authors: Yu-Hua
authors: YH
authors: Li
authors: Department of Orthopedics, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
authors: Xin
authors: X
authors: Pan
authors: Department of Orthopedics, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
authors: Lin
authors: L
authors: Nie
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D008422:Materials Testing; D008863:Microspheres; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011817:Rabbits; D019821:Simvastatin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D019821:Simvastatin
keywords: bone defect; bone mesenchymal stem cells; bone tissue engineering; scaffolds; simvastatin