title: Characteristics of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer patients with double primary cancers in endometrium and colorectum.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer is inherited syndrome characterized by the development of cancers in various organ system; these includes colorectum, endometrium, and less frequently, small bowel, stomach, urinary tract, ovaries, and brain. We aimed to investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer patients who had both endometrial and colorectal cancers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 2004 and December 2013, 12 women diagnosed with endometrial and colorectal cancers in a single institution were included in this analysis. For these patients, clinical and molecular findings were analyzed retrospectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All 12 women undertook microsatellite instability analysis, and 9 (75%) were confirmed of having microsatellite instability-high. Among 9 cases with immunohistochemical staining for MLH1 and MSH2, 6 were positive for the loss of mismatch repair protein. Mutational analyses for MLH1 and MSH2 were performed in 3 out of 12 patients; all of them showed germline mutation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that there is a genetic background in patients with double primary malignancies in their endometrium and colorectum when analyzed with microsatellite instability studies, immunohistochemistry staining, and mutation studies. This finding supports the necessity of re-defining the high-risk groups in endometrial cancers clinically. This will also help diagnose malignancies in such patients in early stages, as well as counsel other family members.
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: So Hyun
authors: SH
authors: Shin
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Eun Jeong
authors: EJ
authors: Yu
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Yoo-Kyung
authors: YK
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Yong-Sang
authors: YS
authors: Song
authors: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Moon-Woo
authors: MW
authors: Seong
authors: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Sung Sup
authors: SS
authors: Park
keywords: Colorectal neoplasms, hereditary nonpolyposis; Endometrial neoplasms; MLH1; MSH2