title: Hepatocellular carcinoma with concomitant hepatic angiomyolipoma and cavernous hemangioma in one patient.
abstract: The risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is strongly associated with hepatitis B virus infection. Hepatic angiomyolipoma (AML), a rare benign tumor, is composed of a heterogeneous mixture of adipose cells, smooth muscle cells and blood vessels. Here, we report the case of a 44-year-old man who developed HCC with a concomitant hepatic AML and a cavernous hemangioma, in the absence of cirrhosis. To our knowledge, based on an extensive literature search using the www.pubmed.gov website, this is the first report of an HCC case with both concomitant AML and cavernous hemangioma at the same position in the liver. The presence of the hepatitis B surface antigen was detected, but the liver function was normal. Clinical and pathological data were collected before and during the treatment. Hepatic AML was diagnosed based on the typical histological characteristics and immunohistochemical staining, which revealed, a positive staining with a melanocytic cell-specific monoclonal antibody. There was no evidence of tuberous sclerosis complex in this patient. Although the HCC was poor- to moderately-differentiated, the characteristics of the AML and the cavernous hemangioma in this patient did not match any criteria for malignancy. Hepatectomy followed by transarterial chemoembolization treatment were effective therapeutic methods for the adjacent lesions in this patient. This case is an interesting coincidence.
authors: Xiao-Wen Ge, Hai-Ying Zeng, Akesu Su-Jie, Min Du, Yuan Ji, Yun-Shan Tan, Ying-Yong Hou, Jian-Fang Xu, Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors: Xiao-Wen
authors: XW
authors: Ge
authors: Xiao-Wen Ge, Hai-Ying Zeng, Akesu Su-Jie, Min Du, Yuan Ji, Yun-Shan Tan, Ying-Yong Hou, Jian-Fang Xu, Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors: Hai-Ying
authors: HY
authors: Zeng
authors: Xiao-Wen Ge, Hai-Ying Zeng, Akesu Su-Jie, Min Du, Yuan Ji, Yun-Shan Tan, Ying-Yong Hou, Jian-Fang Xu, Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors: Akesu
authors: A
authors: Su-Jie
authors: Xiao-Wen Ge, Hai-Ying Zeng, Akesu Su-Jie, Min Du, Yuan Ji, Yun-Shan Tan, Ying-Yong Hou, Jian-Fang Xu, Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors: Min
authors: M
authors: Du
authors: Xiao-Wen Ge, Hai-Ying Zeng, Akesu Su-Jie, Min Du, Yuan Ji, Yun-Shan Tan, Ying-Yong Hou, Jian-Fang Xu, Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors: Yuan
authors: Y
authors: Ji
authors: Xiao-Wen Ge, Hai-Ying Zeng, Akesu Su-Jie, Min Du, Yuan Ji, Yun-Shan Tan, Ying-Yong Hou, Jian-Fang Xu, Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors: Yun-Shan
authors: YS
authors: Tan
authors: Xiao-Wen Ge, Hai-Ying Zeng, Akesu Su-Jie, Min Du, Yuan Ji, Yun-Shan Tan, Ying-Yong Hou, Jian-Fang Xu, Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors: Ying-Yong
authors: YY
authors: Hou
authors: Xiao-Wen Ge, Hai-Ying Zeng, Akesu Su-Jie, Min Du, Yuan Ji, Yun-Shan Tan, Ying-Yong Hou, Jian-Fang Xu, Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors: Jian-Fang
authors: JF
authors: Xu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018207:Angiomyolipoma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D001706:Biopsy; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D016461:Chemoembolization, Therapeutic; D006392:Hemangioma, Cavernous / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D006498:Hepatectomy; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D009378:Neoplasms, Multiple Primary / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor
keywords: Angiomyolipoma; Cavernous hemangioma; Concomitant; Hepatitis B virus infection; Hepatocellular carcinoma