title: Anxiety and depression predict quality of life in Turkish patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of our study was to evaluate quality of life (QoL) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and assess the impact of disease activity and psychological distress on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in Turkey.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Medical Outcomes Study Short Form (SF) -36 was used in a cohort of 113 consecutive patients with SLE and 123 age- and gender-matched healthy subjects to measure HRQoL. Patients' disease activity was assessed with SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) and psychological distress was evaluated by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) for all participants. Patients' demographic and clinical data were recorded at the time of HRQoL and HADS testing. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the relationships between demographics, disease duration, disease activity as well as psychological (anxiety and depression) variables and the HRQoL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SLE patients have lower quality of life than healthy controls. No relationship between HRQoL and SLE activity or disease duration were observed. Patients with anxiety and/or depression reported worse SF-36 scores than those without psychological distress. The results of multivariate analysis suggested that HADS-A, HADS-D scores and working status were associated with the impairment of HRQoL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HRQoL is impaired in patients with SLE and is associated with mood disorders. Physicians should pay close attention to detect anxiety and depression and manage them in order to improve the quality of life in patients with SLE.
authors: Department of Rheumatology, Marmara University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Sibel
authors: S
authors: Yilmaz-Oner
authors: Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Istanbul Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Can
authors: C
authors: Oner
authors: School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Fatih Mert
authors: FM
authors: Dogukan
authors: School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Toklong Filam
authors: TF
authors: Moses
authors: School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Kubra
authors: K
authors: Demir
authors: School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Nazar
authors: N
authors: Tekayev
authors: Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Istanbul Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Neslihan
authors: N
authors: Yilmaz
authors: Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Serhan
authors: S
authors: Tuglular
authors: Department of Rheumatology, Marmara University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Haner
authors: H
authors: Direskeneli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011788:Quality of Life; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology