title: Study of cardiovascular disease biomarkers among tobacco consumers. Part 3: evaluation and comparison with the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
abstract: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) biomarkers of biological effect (BoBE), including hematologic biomarkers, serum lipid-related biomarkers, other serum BoBE, and one physiological biomarker, were evaluated in adult cigarette smokers (SMK), smokeless tobacco consumers (STC), and non-consumers of tobacco (NTC). Data from adult males and females in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and a single site, cross-sectional study of healthy US males were analyzed and compared. Within normal clinical reference ranges, statistically significant differences were observed consistently for fibrinogen, C-reactive protein (CRP), hematocrit, mean cell volume, mean cell hemoglobin, hemoglobin, white blood cells, monocytes, lymphocytes, and neutrophils in comparisons between SMK and NTC; for CRP, white blood cells, monocytes, and lymphocytes in comparisons between SMK and STC; and for folate in comparisons with STC and NTC. Results provide evidence for differences in CVD BoBE associated with the use of different tobacco products, and provide evidence of a risk continuum among tobacco products and support for the concept of tobacco harm reduction.
authors: RAI Services Company, Winston-Salem, NC , USA and.
authors: Kristin M
authors: KM
authors: Marano
authors: Steven J
authors: SJ
authors: Kathman
authors: Bobbette A
authors: BA
authors: Jones
authors: Brian K
authors: BK
authors: Nordskog
authors: Buddy G
authors: BG
authors: Brown
authors: Michael F
authors: MF
authors: Borgerding
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood*; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D014030:Tobacco, Smokeless / Q000009:adverse effects; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: BoBE; CVD; NHANES; cigarettes; smokeless tobacco