title: Advances in CRISPR-Cas9 genome engineering: lessons learned from RNA interference.
abstract: The discovery that the machinery of the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 bacterial immune system can be re-purposed to easily create deletions, insertions and replacements in the mammalian genome has revolutionized the field of genome engineering and re-invigorated the field of gene therapy. Many parallels have been drawn between the newly discovered CRISPR-Cas9 system and the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway in terms of their utility for understanding and interrogating gene function in mammalian cells. Given this similarity, the CRISPR-Cas9 field stands to benefit immensely from lessons learned during the development of RNAi technology. We examine how the history of RNAi can inform today's challenges in CRISPR-Cas9 genome engineering such as efficiency, specificity, high-throughput screening and delivery for in vivo and therapeutic applications.
authors: Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
authors: Rodolphe
authors: R
authors: Barrangou
authors: Dharmacon, part of GE Healthcare, Lafayette, CO 80026, USA.
authors: Amanda
authors: A
authors: Birmingham
authors: Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, and Genomic & Proteomics Core Facility, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
authors: Stefan
authors: S
authors: Wiemann
authors: The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: Roderick L
authors: RL
authors: Beijersbergen
authors: Institute of Molecular Medicine, University Hospital, University of Bonn, 53128 Bonn, Germany.
authors: Veit
authors: V
authors: Hornung
authors: Dharmacon, part of GE Healthcare, Lafayette, CO 80026, USA anja.smith@ge.com.
authors: Anja van Brabant
authors: Av
authors: Smith
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D064112:Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats / Q000235:genetics*; D005818:Genetic Engineering; D016678:Genome; D034622:RNA Interference