title: NAD+ treatment can prevent rotenone-induced increases in DNA damage, Bax levels and nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor in differentiated PC12 cells.
abstract: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) plays critical roles in energy metabolism, mitochondrial functions, calcium homeostasis and immunological functions. Our previous studies have found that NAD(+) administration can profoundly decrease ischemic brain injury and traumatic brain injury. Our recent study has also provided first direct evidence indicating that NAD(+) treatment can decrease cellular apoptosis, while the mechanisms underlying this protective effect remain unclear. In our current study, we determined the effects of NAD(+) treatment on several major factors in apoptosis and necrosis, including levels of Bax and nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), as well as levels of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and intracellular ATP in rotenone-treated differentiated PC12 cells. We found that NAD(+) treatment can markedly attenuate the rotenone-induced increases in the levels of Bax and nuclear translocation of AIF in the cells. We further found that NAD(+) treatment can significantly attenuate the rotenone-induced increase in the levels of DSBs and decrease in the intracellular ATP levels. Collectively, our study has suggested mechanisms underlying the preventive effects of NAD(+) on apoptosis, which has highlighted the therapeutic potential of NAD(+) for decreasing apoptotic changes in multiple major diseases.
authors: Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, People's Republic of China.
authors: Yunyi
authors: Y
authors: Hong
authors: Hui
authors: H
authors: Nie
authors: Xunbin
authors: X
authors: Wei
authors: Shen
authors: S
authors: Fu
authors: Weihai
authors: W
authors: Ying
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D051033:Apoptosis Inducing Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism*; D004249:DNA Damage; D009243:NAD / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016716:PC12 Cells; D021381:Protein Transport; D051381:Rats; D012402:Rotenone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D051033:Apoptosis Inducing Factor; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D012402:Rotenone; D009243:NAD; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate