title: Gene expression profiles of the cochlea and vestibular endorgans: localization and function of genes causing deafness.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to elucidate the gene expression profiles of the causative genes as well as the localization of the encoded proteins involved in hereditary hearing loss.
  
  
  METHODS
  Relevant articles (as of September 2014) were searched in PubMed databases, and the gene symbols of the genes reported to be associated with deafness were located on the Hereditary Hearing Loss Homepage using localization, expression, and distribution as keywords.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our review of the literature allowed us to systematize the gene expression profiles for genetic deafness in the inner ear, clarifying the unique functions and specific expression patterns of these genes in the cochlea and vestibular endorgans.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The coordinated actions of various encoded molecules are essential for the normal development and maintenance of auditory and vestibular function.
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan Department of Hearing Implant Sciences, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
authors: Shin-Ya
authors: SY
authors: Nishio
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
authors: Mitsuru
authors: M
authors: Hattori
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
authors: Hideaki
authors: H
authors: Moteki
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
authors: Keita
authors: K
authors: Tsukada
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan Department of Hearing Implant Sciences, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
authors: Maiko
authors: M
authors: Miyagawa
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
authors: Takehiko
authors: T
authors: Naito
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
authors: Hidekane
authors: H
authors: Yoshimura
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
authors: Yoh-Ichiro
authors: Y
authors: Iwasa
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
authors: Kentaro
authors: K
authors: Mori
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
authors: Yutaka
authors: Y
authors: Shima
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
authors: Naoko
authors: N
authors: Sakuma
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan Department of Hearing Implant Sciences, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan usami@shinshu-u.ac.jp.
authors: Shin-Ichi
authors: S
authors: Usami
mesh_terms: D003051:Cochlea / Q000378:metabolism*; D003638:Deafness / Q000235:genetics*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D014722:Vestibule, Labyrinth / Q000378:metabolism*
keywords: deafness; gene expression; immunocytochemistry; in situ hybridization; localization