title: Expression of mucin 1 possessing a 3'-sulfated core1 in recurrent and metastatic breast cancer.
abstract: Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer threatening the lives of women between the ages of 30 and 64. The cancer antigen 15-3 assay (CA15-3) has been widely used for the detection of breast cancer recurrence; however, its sensitivity and specificity are inadequate. We previously found that the breast cancer cell line YMBS secretes mucin 1 possessing 3'-sulfated core1 (3Score1-MUC1) into the medium. Therefore, we here evaluated whether 3Score1-MUC1 is secreted into the blood streams of breast cancer patients, and whether it can serve as an improved breast cancer marker. We developed a lectin-sandwich immunoassay, called Gal4/MUC1, using a 3'-sulfated core1-specific galectin-4 and a MUC1 monoclonal antibody. Using the Gal4/MUC1 assay method, we found that 3Score1-MUC1 was profoundly expressed in the blood streams of patients with recurrent and/or metastatic breast cancer. The positive ratio of the Gal4/MUC1 assay was higher than that of the CA15-3 assay in both primary (n = 240) and relapsed (n = 43) patients, especially in the latter of which the positive ratio of Gal4/MUC1 was 86%. whereas that of CA15-3 was 47%. Furthermore, serum Gal4/MUC1 levels could more sensitively reflect the recurrence of primary breast cancer patients after surgery. Therefore, the Gal4/MUC1 assay should be an excellent alternative to the CA15-3 tumor marker for tracking the recurrence and metastasis of breast cancer.
authors: Innovative Research Initiatives, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.|Laboratory of Glycobiology, Noguchi Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Hiroko
authors: H
authors: Ideo
authors: Department of Oncology and Laboratory Medicine, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan.
authors: Yuji
authors: Y
authors: Hinoda
authors: Department of Oncology and Laboratory Medicine, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan.
authors: Kohei
authors: K
authors: Sakai
authors: Innovative Research Initiatives, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.
authors: Ikue
authors: I
authors: Hoshi
authors: Department of Digestive Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan.
authors: Shigeru
authors: S
authors: Yamamoto
authors: Department of Digestive Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan.
authors: Masaaki
authors: M
authors: Oka
authors: Department of Digestive Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan.
authors: Kazunari
authors: K
authors: Maeda
authors: Department of Digestive Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan.
authors: Noriko
authors: N
authors: Maeda
authors: Department of Digestive Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan.
authors: Shoichi
authors: S
authors: Hazama
authors: Laboratory of Glycobiology, Noguchi Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Junko
authors: J
authors: Amano
authors: Innovative Research Initiatives, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.
authors: Katsuko
authors: K
authors: Yamashita
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000737:chemistry; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002240:Carbohydrate Sequence; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D037541:Galectin 4 / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D018396:Mucin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D037541:Galectin 4; C060192:MUC1 protein, human; D018396:Mucin-1
keywords: 3′-sulfated core1; MUC1; breast cancer; galectin-4; metastasis; tumor marker