title: Socio-contextual factors are linked to differences in the course of problem drinking in midlife: A discordant-twin study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Course of alcohol use disorders (AUD) during midlife is understudied, and most research designs are unable to attribute an unambiguous environmental explanation to observed findings.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Test whether socio-contextual factors are linked to differences in the course of problem drinking during midlife. Participants were 163 monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs concordant for a history of AUD but discordant on problem drinking in the past 10 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Frequency of drinking with spouse, and peer and emotional problems were associated with discordance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Socio-contextual factors are linked to differences in course of problem drinking in midlife and are not confounded by genetic effects. (Am J Addict 2015;24:193-196).
authors: Center for Innovation to Implementation, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park, California.|Family Research Center, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park, California.
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: M Blonigen
authors: Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, California.
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Burroughs
authors: Family Research Center, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park, California.
authors: Jon
authors: J
authors: Randolph Haber
authors: Family Research Center, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park, California.
authors: Theodore
authors: T
authors: Jacob
mesh_terms: D000437:Alcoholism / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D004200:Diseases in Twins / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008016:Life Change Events; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012042:Registries; D012307:Risk Factors; D012931:Social Environment; D012932:Social Facilitation; D014429:Twins, Dizygotic; D014430:Twins, Monozygotic / Q000235:genetics*; D014481:United States; D055815:Young Adult