title: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Special Diagnostic and Therapeutic Considerations for Children.
abstract: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine syndrome with variable phenotypic expression and important systemic associations and sequelae, including obesity, insulin resistance, infertility, risk of endometrial cancer, and possible risk of cardiovascular events. PCOS is recognized as a condition influenced by genetic and environmental factors and distinct manifestations in all stages of life, including the prenatal period, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. Identification of this disorder in childhood and adolescence has received growing attention, in part because of emerging evidence of the benefit of early intervention, but the diagnosis and management of PCOS in children and adolescents can be challenging. Diagnostic and therapeutic considerations of PCOS in children are reviewed to enhance identification and evaluation of patients suspected of having this disorder. When a diagnosis of PCOS is suspected in a child but cannot be confirmed, a provisional diagnosis is strongly recommended so as to prompt ongoing monitoring with an emphasis on important early interventions such as obesity reduction.
authors: Department of Dermatology, University of California at Davis, Davis, California.
authors: Faranak
authors: F
authors: Kamangar
authors: David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
authors: Jean-Phillip
authors: JP
authors: Okhovat
authors: School of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
authors: Timothy
authors: T
authors: Schmidt
authors: Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia.
authors: Abram
authors: A
authors: Beshay
authors: Department of Psychiatry, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California.|Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
authors: Lauri
authors: L
authors: Pasch
authors: Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
authors: Marcelle I
authors: MI
authors: Cedars
authors: Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
authors: Heather
authors: H
authors: Huddleston
authors: Department of Dermatology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
authors: Kanade
authors: K
authors: Shinkai
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D015897:Comorbidity; D019468:Disease Management; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D009765:Obesity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D011379:Prognosis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index