title: For whom the endocannabinoid tolls: Modulation of innate immune function and implications for psychiatric disorders.
abstract: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) mediate the innate immune response to pathogens and are critical in the host defence, homeostasis and response to injury. However, uncontrolled and aberrant TLR activation can elicit potent effects on neurotransmission and neurodegenerative cascades and has been proposed to trigger the onset of certain neurodegenerative disorders and elicit detrimental effects on the progression and outcome of established disease. Over the past decade, there has been increasing evidence demonstrating that the endocannabinoid system can elicit potent modulatory effects on inflammatory processes, with clinical and preclinical evidence demonstrating beneficial effects on disease severity and symptoms in several inflammatory conditions. This review examines the evidence supporting a modulatory effect of endocannabinoids on TLR-mediated immune responses both peripherally and centrally, and the implications for psychiatric disorders such as depression and schizophrenia.
authors: Physiology, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland; Galway Neuroscience Centre and Centre for Pain Research, NCBES, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
authors: Rebecca J
authors: RJ
authors: Henry
authors: Physiology, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland; Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland; Galway Neuroscience Centre and Centre for Pain Research, NCBES, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
authors: Daniel M
authors: DM
authors: Kerr
authors: Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland; Galway Neuroscience Centre and Centre for Pain Research, NCBES, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
authors: David P
authors: DP
authors: Finn
authors: Physiology, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland; Galway Neuroscience Centre and Centre for Pain Research, NCBES, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland. Electronic address: Michelle.roche@nuigalway.ie.
authors: Michelle
authors: M
authors: Roche
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D063388:Endocannabinoids / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000502:physiology*; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D015213:Neuroimmunomodulation / Q000502:physiology; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D063388:Endocannabinoids; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors
keywords: 2-AG; Anandamide; Depression; LPS; Poly I:C; Schizophrenia