title: Effects of Insulin Glargine and Liraglutide Therapy on Liver Fat as Measured by Magnetic Resonance in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study determined the effects of insulin versus liraglutide therapy on liver fat in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with oral agents therapy, including metformin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-five patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled on metformin monotherapy or in combination with other oral antidiabetic medications were randomized to receive insulin glargine or liraglutide therapy for 12 weeks. The liver proton density fat fraction (PDFF) was measured by MRS. The mean liver PDFF, the total liver volume, and the total liver fat index were measured by MRI. The Student t test, the Fisher exact test, and repeated-measures ANOVA were used for statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Insulin treatment was associated with a significant improvement in glycated hemoglobin (7.9% to 7.2% [62.5 to 55.2 mmol/mol], P = 0.005), a trend toward a decrease in MRS-PDFF (12.6% to 9.9%, P = 0.06), and a significant decrease in liver mean MRI-PDFF (13.8% to 10.6%, P = 0.005), liver volume (2,010.6 to 1,858.7 mL, P = 0.01), and the total liver fat index (304.4 vs. 209.3 % ⋅ mL, P = 0.01). Liraglutide treatment was also associated with a significant improvement in glycated hemoglobin (7.6% to 6.7% [59.8 to 50.2 mmol/mol], P < 0.001) but did not change MRS-PDFF (P = 0.80), liver mean MRI-PDFF (P = 0.15), liver volume (P = 0.30), or the total liver fat index (P = 0.39).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The administration of insulin glargine therapy reduced the liver fat burden in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, the improvements in the liver fat fraction and glycemia control were not significantly different from those in the liraglutide group.
authors: Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada an.tang@umontreal.ca.
authors: An
authors: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8967-5503
authors: A
authors: Tang
authors: Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada Department of Medicine and Endocrinology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Hôpital Hotel-Dieu, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors: Rémi
authors: R
authors: Rabasa-Lhoret
authors: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors: Hélène
authors: H
authors: Castel
authors: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors: Claire
authors: C
authors: Wartelle-Bladou
authors: Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Hôpital Notre-Dame, Montréal, Québec, Canada MR Clinical Science, Philips Healthcare Canada, Markham, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Guillaume
authors: G
authors: Gilbert
authors: Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors: Karine
authors: K
authors: Massicotte-Tisluck
authors: Imaging and Orthopaedics Research Laboratory (LIO), École de Technologie Supérieure, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors: Gabriel
authors: G
authors: Chartrand
authors: Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors: Damien
authors: D
authors: Olivié
authors: Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Pavillon André-Aisenstadt, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors: Anne-Sophie
authors: AS
authors: Julien
authors: Imaging and Orthopaedics Research Laboratory (LIO), École de Technologie Supérieure, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors: Jacques
authors: J
authors: de Guise
authors: Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors: Gilles
authors: G
authors: Soulez
authors: Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada Department of Medicine and Endocrinology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Hôpital Hotel-Dieu, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors: Jean-Louis
authors: JL
authors: Chiasson
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000069036:Insulin Glargine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000069450:Liraglutide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008687:Metformin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D000069036:Insulin Glargine; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting; D000069450:Liraglutide; D008687:Metformin