title: Sumoylation of Rap1 mediates the recruitment of TFIID to promote transcription of ribosomal protein genes.
abstract: Transcription factors are abundant Sumo targets, yet the global distribution of Sumo along the chromatin and its physiological relevance in transcription are poorly understood. Using Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we determined the genome-wide localization of Sumo along the chromatin. We discovered that Sumo-enriched genes are almost exclusively involved in translation, such as tRNA genes and ribosomal protein genes (RPGs). Genome-wide expression analysis showed that Sumo positively regulates their transcription. We also discovered that the Sumo consensus motif at RPG promoters is identical to the DNA binding motif of the transcription factor Rap1. We demonstrate that Rap1 is a molecular target of Sumo and that sumoylation of Rap1 is important for cell viability. Furthermore, Rap1 sumoylation promotes recruitment of the basal transcription machinery, and sumoylation of Rap1 cooperates with the target of rapamycin kinase complex 1 (TORC1) pathway to promote RPG transcription. Strikingly, our data reveal that sumoylation of Rap1 functions in a homeostatic feedback loop that sustains RPG transcription during translational stress. Taken together, Sumo regulates the cellular translational capacity by promoting transcription of tRNA genes and RPGs.
authors: Institute of Microbiology, Clinic for Diagnostics and Intervention, Oslo University Hospital, N-0027 Oslo, Norway; University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway;
authors: Pierre
authors: P
authors: Chymkowitch
authors: Institute of Microbiology, Clinic for Diagnostics and Intervention, Oslo University Hospital, N-0027 Oslo, Norway; University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway;
authors: Aurélie P
authors: AP
authors: Nguéa
authors: Institute of Microbiology, Clinic for Diagnostics and Intervention, Oslo University Hospital, N-0027 Oslo, Norway; University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway;
authors: Håvard
authors: H
authors: Aanes
authors: The Biotechnology Centre of Oslo, University of Oslo, 0349 Oslo, Norway;
authors: Christian J
authors: CJ
authors: Koehler
authors: The Biotechnology Centre of Oslo, University of Oslo, 0349 Oslo, Norway;
authors: Bernd
authors: B
authors: Thiede
authors: Department of Tumor Biology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, and Genomics Core Facility, Oslo University Hospital, NO-0310 Oslo, Norway.
authors: Susanne
authors: S
authors: Lorenz
authors: Department of Tumor Biology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, and Genomics Core Facility, Oslo University Hospital, NO-0310 Oslo, Norway.
authors: Leonardo A
authors: LA
authors: Meza-Zepeda
authors: Institute of Microbiology, Clinic for Diagnostics and Intervention, Oslo University Hospital, N-0027 Oslo, Norway; University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway;
authors: Arne
authors: A
authors: Klungland
authors: Institute of Microbiology, Clinic for Diagnostics and Intervention, Oslo University Hospital, N-0027 Oslo, Norway; University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway;
authors: Jorrit M
authors: JM
authors: Enserink
mesh_terms: D002843:Chromatin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012331:RNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D025842:SUMO-1 Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA; D015398:Signal Transduction; D058207:Sumoylation; D035362:Transcription Factor TFIID / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D020827:rap1 GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D012331:RNA, Fungal; D025842:SUMO-1 Protein; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; C561842:TORC1 protein complex, S cerevisiae; D035362:Transcription Factor TFIID; D014157:Transcription Factors; D020827:rap1 GTP-Binding Proteins