title: Human Skin Cells Are More Sensitive than Human Lung Cells to the Cytotoxic and Cell Cycle Arresting Impacts of Particulate and Soluble Hexavalent Chromium.
abstract: Hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) is a known human lung carcinogen, with solubility playing an important role in its carcinogenic potency. Dermal exposure to Cr(VI) is common and has been associated with skin damage; however, no link between chromate exposure and skin cancer has been found. In this study, we compared the cytotoxic and clastogenic effects of Cr(VI) and its impacts on cell cycle progression in human lung and skin fibroblasts. We found human skin cells arrested earlier in their cell cycle and exhibit more cytotoxicity than human lung cells, despite taking up similar amounts of Cr. These outcomes are consistent with a hypothesis that different cellular and molecular responses underlie the differences in carcinogenic outcome in these two tissues.
authors: Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, Department of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., PO Box 9300, Portland, ME, 04104, USA.
authors: Hong
authors: H
authors: Xie
authors: Amie L
authors: AL
authors: Holmes
authors: Sandra S
authors: SS
authors: Wise
authors: Jamie L
authors: JL
authors: Young
authors: James T F
authors: JT
authors: Wise
authors: John Pierce
authors: JP
authors: Wise
mesh_terms: D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D002857:Chromium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D009928:Organ Specificity; D012867:Skin / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D002857:Chromium; C074702:chromium hexavalent ion