title: Joint minimization of uplink and downlink whole-body exposure dose in indoor wireless networks.
abstract: The total whole-body exposure dose in indoor wireless networks is minimized. For the first time, indoor wireless networks are designed and simulated for a minimal exposure dose, where both uplink and downlink are considered. The impact of the minimization is numerically assessed for four scenarios: two WiFi configurations with different throughputs, a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) configuration for phone call traffic, and a Long-Term Evolution (LTE) configuration with a high data rate. Also, the influence of the uplink usage on the total absorbed dose is characterized. Downlink dose reductions of at least 75% are observed when adding more base stations with a lower transmit power. Total dose reductions decrease with increasing uplink usage for WiFi due to the lack of uplink power control but are maintained for LTE and UMTS. Uplink doses become dominant over downlink doses for usages of only a few seconds for WiFi. For UMTS and LTE, an almost continuous uplink usage is required to have a significant effect on the total dose, thanks to the power control mechanism.
authors: Information Technology Department, Ghent University/iMinds, Gaston Crommenlaan 8, 9050 Ghent, Belgium.
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Plets
authors: Information Technology Department, Ghent University/iMinds, Gaston Crommenlaan 8, 9050 Ghent, Belgium.
authors: W
authors: W
authors: Joseph
authors: Information Technology Department, Ghent University/iMinds, Gaston Crommenlaan 8, 9050 Ghent, Belgium.
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Vanhecke
authors: Information Technology Department, Ghent University/iMinds, Gaston Crommenlaan 8, 9050 Ghent, Belgium.
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Vermeeren
authors: Orange Labs Networks and Carriers, 38-40 rue Général Leclerc, 92794 Issy Les Moulineaux, France.
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Wiart
authors: Information Technology Department, Ghent University/iMinds, Gaston Crommenlaan 8, 9050 Ghent, Belgium.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Aerts
authors: Orange Labs Networks and Carriers, 38-40 rue Général Leclerc, 92794 Issy Les Moulineaux, France.
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Varsier
authors: Information Technology Department, Ghent University/iMinds, Gaston Crommenlaan 8, 9050 Ghent, Belgium.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Martens
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D040421:Cell Phone; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011846:Radio Waves / Q000009:adverse effects*; D059015:Wireless Technology