title: Anaplasma marginale major surface protein 1a: a marker of strain diversity with implications for control of bovine anaplasmosis.
abstract: Classification of bacteria is challenging due to the lack of a theory-based framework. In addition, the adaptation of bacteria to ecological niches often results in selection of strains with diverse virulence, pathogenicity and transmission characteristics. Bacterial strain diversity presents challenges for taxonomic classification, which in turn impacts the ability to develop accurate diagnostics and effective vaccines. Over the past decade, the worldwide diversity of Anaplasma marginale, an economically important tick-borne pathogen of cattle, has become apparent. The extent of A. marginale strain diversity, formerly underappreciated, has contributed to the challenges of classification which, in turn, likely impacts the design and development of improved vaccines. Notably, the A. marginale surface protein 1a (MSP1a) is a model molecule for these studies because it serves as a marker for strain identity, is both an adhesin necessary for infection of cells and an immuno-reactive protein and is also an indicator of the evolution of strain diversity. Herein, we discuss a molecular taxonomic approach for classification of A. marginale strain diversity. Taxonomic analysis of this important molecule provides the opportunity to understand A. marginale strain diversity as it relates geographic and ecological factors and to the development of effective vaccines for control of bovine anaplasmosis worldwide.
authors: Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille (CIIL), INSERM U1019 - CNRS UMR 8204, Université Lille Nord de France, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France; SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC, CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain. Electronic address: cabezasalejandrocruz@gmail.com.
authors: Alejandro
authors: A
authors: Cabezas-Cruz
authors: SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC, CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain; Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA. Electronic address: Jose_delafuente@yahoo.com.
authors: José
authors: J
authors: de la Fuente
mesh_terms: D018829:Adhesins, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D042322:Anaplasma marginale / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D000712:Anaplasmosis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D000818:Animals; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D010802:Phylogeny; D013987:Ticks / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D018829:Adhesins, Bacterial; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; C449089:major surface protein 1a, Anaplasma
keywords: A. marginale; Control; Genetic diversity; Molecular diagnostics