title: Factors associated with willingness to participate in a pharmacologic addiction treatment clinical trial among people who use drugs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although new medications are needed to address the harms of drug addiction, rates of willingness to participate in addiction treatment trials among people who use drugs (PWUD), have not been well characterized.
  
  
  METHODS
  One thousand twenty PWUD enrolled in two community-recruited cohorts in Vancouver, Canada, were asked whether they would be willing to participate in a pharmacologic addiction treatment trial. Logistic regression was used to identify factors independently associated with a willingness to participate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the 1,020 PWUD surveyed between June 1, 2013 and November 30, 2013, 58.3% indicated a willingness to participate. In multivariate analysis, factors independently associated with a willingness to participate in a pharmacologic addiction treatment trial included: daily heroin injection (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 1.75; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.13 - 2.72); daily crack smoking (AOR = 1.81; 95% CI: 1.23 - 2.66); sex work involvement (AOR = 2.22; 95% CI: 1.21 - 4.06); HIV seropositivity (AOR = 1.49; 95% CI: 1.15 - 1.94); and methadone maintenance therapy participation (AOR = 1.77; 95% CI: 1.37-2.30).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High rates of willingness to participate in a pharmacologic addiction treatment trial were observed in this setting. Importantly, high-risk drug and sexual activities were positively associated with a willingness to participate, which may suggest a desire for new treatment interventions among PWUD engaged in high-risk behavior.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results highlight the viability of studies seeking to enroll representative samples of PWUD engaged in high-risk drug use.
authors: British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors: Sasha
authors: S
authors: Uhlmann
authors: Michael John
authors: MJ
authors: Milloy
authors: Keith
authors: K
authors: Ahamad
authors: Paul
authors: P
authors: Nguyen
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Kerr
authors: Evan
authors: E
authors: Wood
authors: Lindsey
authors: L
authors: Richardson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001955:British Columbia; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D016578:Crack Cocaine; D005260:Female; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D006306:Health Surveys; D006556:Heroin Dependence / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008691:Methadone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D018579:Patient Selection; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D011477:Sex Work / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*
chemical_list: D016578:Crack Cocaine; D008691:Methadone