title: Trends in Hospital Volume and Failure to Rescue for Pancreatic Surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We sought to evaluate trends in selection of high volume (HV) hospitals for pancreatic surgery, as well as examine trends in preoperative complications, mortality, and failure to rescue (FTR).
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients who underwent pancreatic resection between 2000 and 2011 were identified from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS). Preoperative morbidity, mortality, and FTR were examined over time. Hospital volume was stratified into tertiles based on the number of pancreatic resections per year for each time period. Logistic regression models were used to assess the effect of hospital volume on risk of complication, postoperative mortality, and FTR over time.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 35,986 patients were identified. Median hospital volume increased from 13 in 2000-2003 to 55 procedures/year in 2008-2011 (P < 0.001). Morbidity remained relatively the same over time at low volume (LV), intermediate volume (IV), and HV hospitals (all P > 0.05). Overall postoperative mortality was 5%, and it decreased over time across all hospital volumes (P < 0.05). FTR was more common at LV (12.0%) and IV (8.5%) volume hospitals compared with HV hospitals (6.4%). The improvement in FTR over time was most pronounced at LV and IV hospitals versus HV hospitals (P = 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Median hospital volume for pancreatic surgery has increased over the past decade. While the morbidity remained relatively stable over time, mortality improved especially in LV and IV hospitals. This improvement in mortality seems to be related to a decreased FTR.
authors: Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Blalock 688, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
authors: Neda
authors: N
authors: Amini
authors: Gaya
authors: G
authors: Spolverato
authors: Yuhree
authors: Y
authors: Kim
authors: Timothy M
authors: TM
authors: Pawlik
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000067248:Failure to Rescue, Health Care / Q000639:trends*; D005260:Female; D017052:Hospital Mortality / Q000639:trends*; D061847:Hospitals, High-Volume / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends*; D061846:Hospitals, Low-Volume / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010180:Pancreatectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D057234:Preoperative Period; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology