title: Atlanto-occipital dislocation.
abstract: Atlanto-occipital dislocation (AOD) is being increasingly recognized as a potentially survivable injury as a result of improved prehospital management of polytrauma patients and increased awareness of this entity, leading to earlier diagnosis and more aggressive treatment. However, despite overall improved outcomes, AOD is still associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this paper is to review the biomechanical aspects, clinical features, radiologic criteria, and treatment strategies of AOD. Given that the diagnosis of AOD can be very challenging, a high degree of clinical suspicion is essential to ensure timely recognition and treatment, thus preventing neurological decline or death.
authors: Graham C Hall, Michael J Kinsman, Ryan G Nazar, Rob T Hruska, Kevin J Mansfield, Maxwell Boakye, Ralph Rahme, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40241, United States.
authors: Graham C
authors: GC
authors: Hall
authors: Graham C Hall, Michael J Kinsman, Ryan G Nazar, Rob T Hruska, Kevin J Mansfield, Maxwell Boakye, Ralph Rahme, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40241, United States.
authors: Michael J
authors: MJ
authors: Kinsman
authors: Graham C Hall, Michael J Kinsman, Ryan G Nazar, Rob T Hruska, Kevin J Mansfield, Maxwell Boakye, Ralph Rahme, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40241, United States.
authors: Ryan G
authors: RG
authors: Nazar
authors: Graham C Hall, Michael J Kinsman, Ryan G Nazar, Rob T Hruska, Kevin J Mansfield, Maxwell Boakye, Ralph Rahme, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40241, United States.
authors: Rob T
authors: RT
authors: Hruska
authors: Graham C Hall, Michael J Kinsman, Ryan G Nazar, Rob T Hruska, Kevin J Mansfield, Maxwell Boakye, Ralph Rahme, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40241, United States.
authors: Kevin J
authors: KJ
authors: Mansfield
authors: Graham C Hall, Michael J Kinsman, Ryan G Nazar, Rob T Hruska, Kevin J Mansfield, Maxwell Boakye, Ralph Rahme, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40241, United States.
authors: Maxwell
authors: M
authors: Boakye
authors: Graham C Hall, Michael J Kinsman, Ryan G Nazar, Rob T Hruska, Kevin J Mansfield, Maxwell Boakye, Ralph Rahme, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40241, United States.
authors: Ralph
authors: R
authors: Rahme
keywords: Atlanto-occipital dislocation; Cervical spine; Craniocervical junction; Occipitocervical fusion; Trauma