title: A retrovirus packages nascent host noncoding RNAs from a novel surveillance pathway.
abstract: Although all retroviruses recruit host cell RNAs into virions, both the spectrum of RNAs encapsidated and the mechanisms by which they are recruited remain largely unknown. Here, we used high-throughput sequencing to obtain a comprehensive description of the RNAs packaged by a model retrovirus, murine leukemia virus. The major encapsidated host RNAs are noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) and members of the VL30 class of endogenous retroviruses. Remarkably, although Moloney leukemia virus (MLV) assembles in the cytoplasm, precursors to specific tRNAs, small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), and small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are all enriched in virions. Consistent with their cytoplasmic recruitment, packaging of both pre-tRNAs and U6 snRNA requires the nuclear export receptor Exportin-5. Adenylated and uridylated forms of these RNAs accumulate in cells and virions when the cytoplasmic exoribonuclease DIS3L2 and subunits of the RNA exosome are depleted. Together, our data reveal that MLV recruits RNAs from a novel host cell surveillance pathway in which unprocessed and unneeded nuclear ncRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm for degradation.
authors: Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06536, USA.
authors: Matthew J
authors: MJ
authors: Eckwahl
authors: Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06536, USA.
authors: Soyeong
authors: S
authors: Sim
authors: Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06536, USA.
authors: Derek
authors: D
authors: Smith
authors: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA.
authors: Alice
authors: A
authors: Telesnitsky
authors: Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06536, USA Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06536, USA Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut 06520 sandra.wolin@yale.edu.
authors: Sandra L
authors: SL
authors: Wolin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003593:Cytoplasm; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008979:Moloney murine leukemia virus / Q000378:metabolism*; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D021381:Protein Transport; D059748:Proteolysis; D022661:RNA, Untranslated / Q000378:metabolism*; D020394:Vault Ribonucleoprotein Particles / Q000378:metabolism; D014771:Virion / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D022661:RNA, Untranslated; D020394:Vault Ribonucleoprotein Particles
keywords: RNA surveillance; exoribonucleases; noncoding RNAs; retrovirus