title: Photoacoustic radar phase-filtered spatial resolution and co-registered ultrasound image enhancement for tumor detection.
abstract: Co-registered ultrasound (US) and frequency-domain photoacoustic radar (FD-PAR) imaging is reported for the first time in this paper. The merits of ultrasound and cross-correlation (radar) frequency-domain photoacoustic imaging are leveraged for accurate tumor detection. Commercial US imagers possess sophisticated, optimized software for rapid image acquisition that could dramatically speed-up PA imaging. The PAR image generated from the amplitude of the cross-correlation between detected and input signals was filtered by the standard deviation (SD) of the phase of the correlation signal, resulting in strong improvement of image spatial resolution, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast. Application of phase-mediated image improvement is illustrated by imaging a cancer cell-injected mouse. A 14-15 dB SNR gain was recorded for the phase-filtered image compared to the amplitude and phase independently, while ~340 μm spatial resolution was seen for the phase PAR image compared to ~840 μm for the amplitude image.
authors: Center for Advanced Diffusion-Wave Technologies (CADIFT), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada.
authors: Edem
authors: E
authors: Dovlo
authors: Center for Advanced Diffusion-Wave Technologies (CADIFT), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada.
authors: Bahman
authors: B
authors: Lashkari
authors: Center for Advanced Diffusion-Wave Technologies (CADIFT), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada.
authors: Andreas
authors: A
authors: Mandelis
authors: Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Hospital, 610 University Ave., Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada.
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Shi
authors: Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Hospital, 610 University Ave., Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada.
authors: Fei-Fei
authors: FF
authors: Liu
keywords: (100.0100) Image processing; (170.3880) Medical and biological imaging; (170.5120) Photoacoustic imaging; (170.7170) Ultrasound; (170.7180) Ultrasound diagnostics