title: Generation of fully pluripotent female murine-induced pluripotent stem cells.
abstract: The high quality of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has been determined to be high-grade chimeras that are competent for germline transmission, and viable mice can be generated through tetraploid complementation. Most of the high-quality iPSCs described to date have been male. Female iPSCs, especially fully pluripotent female iPSCs, are also essential for clinical applications and scientific research. Here, we show, for the first time, that a gender-mixed induction strategy could lead to a skewed sex ratio of iPSCs. After reprogramming, 50%, 70%, and 90% female initiating mouse embryonic fibroblasts at different male ratios resulted in 14.1 ± 6.8% (P < 0.05), 31.8 ± 5.4% (P < 0.05), and 80.1 ± 2.8% (P < 0.05) female iPSCs, respectively. Furthermore, these female iPSCs had pluripotent properties typical of embryonic stem cells. Importantly, these fully pluripotent female iPSCs could generate viable mice by tetraploid complementation. These findings indicate that high-quality female iPSCs could be derived effectively, and suggest that clinical application of female iPSCs is feasible.
authors: Department of Animal Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, Hebei, People's Republic of China Health Science Center, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
authors: Ke-Qian
authors: KQ
authors: Di
authors: Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors: Shuai
authors: S
authors: Gao
authors: Department of Animal Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, Hebei, People's Republic of China Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors: Li-Fang
authors: LF
authors: Cui
authors: National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors: Gang
authors: G
authors: Chang
authors: Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors: Fu-Jia
authors: FJ
authors: Wu
authors: Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors: Li-Kun
authors: LK
authors: Ren
authors: Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors: Lei
authors: L
authors: An
authors: Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors: Kai
authors: K
authors: Miao
authors: Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors: Kun
authors: K
authors: Tan
authors: Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors: Li
authors: L
authors: Tao
authors: Department of Animal Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
authors: Hui
authors: H
authors: Chen
authors: Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors: Zhi-Long
authors: ZL
authors: Wang
authors: Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors: Shu-Min
authors: SM
authors: Wang
authors: Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors: Zhong-Hong
authors: ZH
authors: Wu
authors: National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China The School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors: Shaorong
authors: S
authors: Gao
authors: Department of Animal Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, Hebei, People's Republic of China lxyun@hebau.edu.cn.
authors: Xiang-Yun
authors: XY
authors: Li
authors: Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China tianjh@cau.edu.cn.
authors: Jian-Hui
authors: JH
authors: Tian
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D065150:Cellular Reprogramming; D003584:Cytological Techniques / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D057026:Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D012730:Sex Chromosomes; D012744:Sex Ratio
keywords: fully pluripotent female iPSCs; skewed sex ratio of iPSCs