title: Effects of ocular hypertension in the visual system of pigmented mice.
abstract: To study the effects of ocular hypertension (OHT) on the visual system of C57BL/6 pigmented mice, the limbal and episcleral veins of the left eye were laser photocoagulated (LP). LP increased the intraocular pressure during the first five days (d), reaching basal values at 7d. To investigate the effect of OHT on the retinal ganglion cell (RGC) retrograde axonal transport, hydroxistilbamidine methanesulfonate (OHSt) was applied to both superior colliculi (SCi) and the retinas were dissected 2 or 4 weeks after LP. To determine RGC survival, these same retinas were immunoreacted against Brn3a (general RGC population) and melanopsin (intrinsically photosensitive RGCs, m+RGCs). To study whether OHT affected non-RGC neurons in the ganglion cell layer (GCL), RGCs were immunodetected with Brn3a and all GCL nuclei counterstained with DAPI in a group of animals examined 4 weeks post-LP. Innervation of the SCi was examined at 10 days, 8 or 14 weeks after LP with the orthogradely transported cholera toxin subunit-B. OHT resulted in diffuse and sectorial loss of OHSt+RGCs (50% at 2 weeks and 62% at 4 weeks) and in a comparable loss of Brn3a+RGCs at the same time intervals. m+RGCs decreased to 59% at 2 weeks and to 46% at 4 weeks, such loss was diffuse, did not parallel the sectorial loss of the general RGC population and was more severe in the superior-temporal retina. In the GCL, cell loss is selective for RGCs and does not affect other non-RGC neurons. The retinotectal innervation appeared significantly reduced at 10 days (55.7%) and did not progress further up to 14 weeks (46.6%). Thus, LP-induced OHT results in retrograde degeneration of RGCs and m+RGCs, as well as in the loss of CTB-labelled retinotectal terminals.
authors: Departamento de Oftalmología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia. 30.100 Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca) 30.100 Murcia, Spain.
authors: Francisco J
authors: FJ
authors: Valiente-Soriano
authors: Departamento de Oftalmología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia. 30.100 Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca) 30.100 Murcia, Spain.
authors: Manuel
authors: M
authors: Salinas-Navarro
authors: Departamento de Oftalmología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia. 30.100 Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca) 30.100 Murcia, Spain.
authors: Manuel
authors: M
authors: Jiménez-López
authors: Departamento de Oftalmología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia. 30.100 Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca) 30.100 Murcia, Spain.
authors: Luis
authors: L
authors: Alarcón-Martínez
authors: Departamento de Oftalmología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia. 30.100 Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca) 30.100 Murcia, Spain.
authors: Arturo
authors: A
authors: Ortín-Martínez
authors: Departamento de Oftalmología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia. 30.100 Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca) 30.100 Murcia, Spain.
authors: José M
authors: JM
authors: Bernal-Garro
authors: Departamento de Oftalmología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia. 30.100 Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca) 30.100 Murcia, Spain.
authors: Marcelino
authors: M
authors: Avilés-Trigueros
authors: Departamento de Oftalmología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia. 30.100 Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca) 30.100 Murcia, Spain.
authors: Marta
authors: M
authors: Agudo-Barriuso
authors: Departamento de Oftalmología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia. 30.100 Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca) 30.100 Murcia, Spain.
authors: María P
authors: MP
authors: Villegas-Pérez
authors: Departamento de Oftalmología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia. 30.100 Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca) 30.100 Murcia, Spain.
authors: Manuel
authors: M
authors: Vidal-Sanz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002452:Cell Count; D007211:Indoles / Q000378:metabolism; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D008028:Light Coagulation; D008297:Male; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009475:Neurons, Afferent / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D009798:Ocular Hypertension / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010858:Pigmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D012162:Retinal Degeneration / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012165:Retinal Ganglion Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D017299:Rod Opsins / Q000378:metabolism; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D013477:Superior Colliculi / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D050819:Transcription Factor Brn-3A / Q000378:metabolism; D014795:Visual Pathways / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000099210:Melanopsin
chemical_list: D007211:Indoles; D017299:Rod Opsins; D013267:Stilbenes; D050819:Transcription Factor Brn-3A; D000099210:Melanopsin; C494189:Pou4f1 protein, mouse; C007293:DAPI