title: Monocyte CD64 expression as a novel biomarker for the disease activity of systemic lupus erythematosus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Interferon alpha (IFN-α) is a key cytokine associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). IFN-α induces the expression of CD64 on monocytes (mCD64). Although enhanced mCD64 expression has been reported in patients with SLE, it has never been assessed quantitatively. The aim of this study was to investigate whether or not mCD64 expression correlates with SLE disease activity.
  
  
  METHODS
  The mCD64 expression levels were assessed quantitatively in 40 patients with active or inactive SLE by using flow cytometry. The mCD64 expression levels were subsequently compared with the SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) and levels of existing SLE activity biomarkers, such as anti-DNA antibody, complements, and so on.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mCD64 expression was significantly higher in active disease than in inactive disease SLE (median molecules/cell, interquartile range: 34,648, 8174-24,932 and 20,865, 6357-21,503, respectively; p < 0.001). The levels of mCD64 expression strongly correlated with SLEDAI (r = 0.68, p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The mCD64 expression is a simple and useful biomarker for evaluating disease activity in patients with SLE.
authors: Department of Clinical Research, Osaka-Minami Medical Center, Osaka, Japan.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Kikuchi-Taura
authors: Department of Rheumatology and Allergology, Osaka-Minami Medical Center, Osaka, Japan.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Yura
authors: Department of Rheumatology and Allergology, Osaka-Minami Medical Center, Osaka, Japan.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Tsuji
authors: Department of Clinical Research, Osaka-Minami Medical Center, Osaka, Japan.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Ohshima
authors: Department of Clinical Research, Osaka-Minami Medical Center, Osaka, Japan.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Kitatoube
authors: Department of Rheumatology and Allergology, Osaka-Minami Medical Center, Osaka, Japan.
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Shimizu
authors: Department of Rheumatology and Allergology, Osaka-Minami Medical Center, Osaka, Japan.
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Nii
authors: Department of Rheumatology and Allergology, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Katayama
authors: Department of Rheumatology and Allergology, Osaka-Minami Medical Center, Osaka, Japan.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Teshigawara
authors: Department of Rheumatology and Allergology, Osaka-Minami Medical Center, Osaka, Japan.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Yoshimura
authors: Department of Rheumatology and Allergology, Osaka-Minami Medical Center, Osaka, Japan.
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Kudo-Tanaka
authors: Department of Rheumatology and Allergology, Osaka-Minami Medical Center, Osaka, Japan.
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Harada
authors: Department of Rheumatology and Allergology, Osaka-Minami Medical Center, Osaka, Japan.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Matsushita
authors: Department of Rheumatology and Allergology, Osaka-Minami Medical Center, Osaka, Japan.
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Hashimoto
authors: Department of Clinical Research, Osaka-Minami Medical Center, Osaka, Japan saekiy@ommc-hp.jp.
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Saeki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D017452:Receptors, IgG / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear; D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D017452:Receptors, IgG
keywords: CD64; Hematologic changes; SLEDAI