title: Systematics of the Cosmospora viliuscula species complex.
abstract: The genus Cosmospora includes nectrioid fungi that grow on polypores and xylariaceous fungi. The collections growing on xylariaceous fungi have been identified recently as Cosmospora viliuscula. In this paper the phylogeny and taxonomy of C. viliuscula are investigated. A phylogeny was generated with maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods applied to a three-partition dataset (ITS, 28S, MCM7-RPB1-TUB2). Based on these results, we demonstrate that Cosmospora viliuscula represents a diverse species complex comprising more than 10 species. Seven new species are described, including three single-strain lineages, and the sexual states of C. arxii and C. khandalensis are described for the first time. The sexual states of these fungi tend to have a high degree of morphological homoplasy, making it difficult to differentiate among them based on morphological characters alone. However, the apparent host specificity of species in this complex aide in the diagnosis of these fungi. In addition, the RPB1 marker provides sufficient resolution to distinguish these fungi.
authors: Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, 2112 Plant Sciences Building, College Park, Maryland 20742 csherrer@umd.edu.
authors: Cesar S
authors: CS
authors: Herrera
authors: Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, USDA, B-010A, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, Maryland 20705.
authors: Amy Y
authors: AY
authors: Rossman
authors: Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, USDA, B-010A, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, Maryland 20705.
authors: Gary J
authors: GJ
authors: Samuels
authors: Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
authors: Olinto Liparini
authors: OL
authors: Pereira
authors: Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, 2112 Plant Sciences Building, College Park, Maryland 20742 and Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, Apartado 11501-2060, San 15 Pedro, San José, Costa Rica.
authors: Priscila
authors: P
authors: Chaverri
mesh_terms: D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D006999:Hypocreales / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D013172:Spores, Fungal / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal
keywords: Ascomycota; Hypocreales; Nectria; fungal systematics; mycoparasite