title: Partial volume correction for in vivo (23)Na-MRI data of the human brain.
abstract: The concentration of sodium is a functional cell parameter and absolute quantification can be interesting for diagnostical purposes. The accuracy of sodium magnetic resonance imaging ((23)Na-MRI) is strongly biased by partial volume effects (PVEs). Hence our purpose was to establish a partial volume correction (PVC) method for (23)Na-MRI. The existing geometric transfer matrix (GTM) correction method was transferred from positron emission tomography (PET) to (23)Na-MRI and tested in a phantom study. Different parameters, as well as accuracy of registration and segmentation were evaluated prior to first in vivo measurements. In vivo sodium data-sets of the human brain were obtained at B0=7T with a nominal spatial resolution of (3mm)(3) using a density adapted radial pulse sequence. A volunteer study with four healthy subjects was performed to measure partial volume (PV) corrected tissue sodium concentration (TSC) which was verified by means of an intrinsic correction control. In the phantom study the PVC algorithm yielded a good correction performance and reduced the discrepancy between the measured sodium concentration value and the expected value in the smallest compartments of the phantom by 11% to a mean PVE induced discrepancy of 5.7% after correction. The corrected in vivo data showed a reduction of PVE bias for the investigated compartments for all volunteers, resulting in a mean reduction of discrepancy between two separate CSF compartments from 36% to 7.6%. The absolute TSC for two separate CSF compartments (sulci, lateral ventricles), gray and white brain matter after correction were 129±8mmol/L, 138±4mmol/L, 48±1mmol/L and 43±3mmol/L, respectively. The applied PVC algorithm reduces the PV-bias in quantitative (23)Na-MRI. Accurate, high-resolution anatomical data is required to enable appropriate PVC. The algorithm and segmentation approach is robust and leads to reproducible results.
authors: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address: s.niesporek@dkfz.de.
authors: Sebastian C
authors: SC
authors: Niesporek
authors: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address: stefan.hoffmann@outlook.com.
authors: Stefan H
authors: SH
authors: Hoffmann
authors: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address: moritz.berger@dkfz.de.
authors: Moritz C
authors: MC
authors: Berger
authors: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address: n.benkhedah@dkfz.de.
authors: Nadia
authors: N
authors: Benkhedah
authors: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address: a.kujawa@dkfz.de.
authors: Aaron
authors: A
authors: Kujawa
authors: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address: p.bachert@dkfz.de.
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Bachert
authors: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address: a.nagel@dkfz.de.
authors: Armin M
authors: AM
authors: Nagel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D003198:Computer Simulation; D005260:Female; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D066128:Gray Matter / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D012975:Sodium Isotopes / Q000032:analysis*; D066127:White Matter / Q000033:anatomy & histology
chemical_list: D012975:Sodium Isotopes
keywords: (23)Na-MRI; High field MRI; Non-proton MRI; Partial volume correction; Sodium MRI; Tissue sodium concentration (TSC)