title: Intravenous delivery of adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells attenuates acute radiation-induced lung injury in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) commonly occurs in patients with thoracic cancer. However, an effective treatment option has not yet been established. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (Ad-MSCs) have significant potential for clinical use, but their role in RILI is currently unknown. We aimed to evaluate the therapeutic capacity of Ad-MSCs to heal acute RILI in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study. Rat Ad-MSCs were delivered through the tail veins of rats 2 h after thorax irradiation. Lung histopathologic findings, pulmonary levels of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1, IL-6, IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor-α), pro-fibrotic factors (transforming growth factor [TGF]-β1, connective tissue growth factor, α-smooth muscle actin and type 1 collagen), pro- or anti-apoptotic mediators (Bcl-2, Bax and caspase-3) and the multifunctional factor hepatocyte growth factor were evaluated after Ad-MSC transplant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intravenous delivery of Ad-MSCs attenuated acute RILI. Further studies showed that Ad-MSCs had anti-inflammation and anti-fibrotic effects and maintained lung epithelium integrity, as indicated by reduced serum levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, increased levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, and downregulated transforming growth factor -β1, α-smooth muscle actin and type 1 collagen levels in irradiated lung tissues. Ad-MSCs also regulated the expression of pro- and anti-apoptotic mediators (Bcl-2, Bax and caspase-3) to protect lung cells from apoptosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intravenous Ad-MSC delivery attenuated acute RILI through anti-inflammation, anti-fibrosis and anti-apoptosis mechanisms.
authors: Department of Oncological Radiotherapy, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
authors: Xinping
authors: X
authors: Jiang
authors: Department of Oncological Radiotherapy, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
authors: Xin
authors: X
authors: Jiang
authors: Department of Oncological Radiotherapy, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
authors: Chao
authors: C
authors: Qu
authors: Department of Oncological Radiotherapy, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
authors: Pengyu
authors: P
authors: Chang
authors: Department of Oncological Radiotherapy, The Second Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
authors: Chu
authors: C
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Oncological Radiotherapy, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China. Electronic address: yaqinQu12@163.com.
authors: Yaqin
authors: Y
authors: Qu
authors: Alliancells Bioscience Co, Ltd, Tianjin, China. Electronic address: yongjunLiu78@163.com.
authors: Yongjun
authors: Y
authors: Liu
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology*; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000528:radiation effects; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002633:Chemotaxis; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D055370:Lung Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013909:Thorax / Q000528:radiation effects
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor; D053148:Caspase 3
keywords: adipose tissue; cell-based transplantation; mesenchymal stromal cells; radiation-induced lung injury