title: Human infection with a zoonotic orthopoxvirus in the country of Georgia.
abstract: During 2013, cutaneous lesions developed in two men in the country of Georgia after they were exposed to ill cows. The men had never received vaccination against smallpox. Tests of lesion material with the use of a quantitative real-time polymerase-chain-reaction assay for non-variola virus orthopoxviruses were positive, and DNA sequence analysis implicated a novel orthopoxvirus species. During the ensuing epidemiologic investigation, no additional human cases were identified. However, serologic evidence of exposure to an orthopoxvirus was detected in cows in the patients' herd and in captured rodents and shrews. A third case of human infection that occurred in 2010 was diagnosed retrospectively during testing of archived specimens that were originally submitted for tests to detect anthrax. Orthopoxvirus infection should be considered in persons in whom cutaneous lesions develop after contact with animals.
authors: From the Epidemic Intelligence Service (N.M.V.), Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology (N.M.V., Y.L., G.L.E., P.S.S., N.G.-R., C.S.G., M.G.M., I.D., M.G.R., D.S.C.), and the Division of Global Health Protection (N.M.V., M.G., E.F.M., J.M.), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta; CDC Georgia Country Office (M.G., J.M.), National Center for Disease Control and Public Health (E.K., A.N., K.Z.), Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture (G. Maghlakelidze, M.K.), and Infectious Diseases, AIDS, and Clinical Immunology Research Center (M.E.), Tbilisi, and National Food Agency, Tianeti (G. Mokverashvili) - all in Georgia.
authors: Neil M
authors: NM
authors: Vora
authors: Yu
authors: Y
authors: Li
authors: Marika
authors: M
authors: Geleishvili
authors: Ginny L
authors: GL
authors: Emerson
authors: Ekaterine
authors: E
authors: Khmaladze
authors: Giorgi
authors: G
authors: Maghlakelidze
authors: Archil
authors: A
authors: Navdarashvili
authors: Khatuna
authors: K
authors: Zakhashvili
authors: Maka
authors: M
authors: Kokhreidze
authors: Marina
authors: M
authors: Endeladze
authors: Gela
authors: G
authors: Mokverashvili
authors: P S
authors: PS
authors: Satheshkumar
authors: Nadia
authors: N
authors: Gallardo-Romero
authors: Cynthia S
authors: CS
authors: Goldsmith
authors: Maureen G
authors: MG
authors: Metcalfe
authors: Inger
authors: I
authors: Damon
authors: Edmond F
authors: EF
authors: Maes
authors: Mary G
authors: MG
authors: Reynolds
authors: Juliette
authors: J
authors: Morgan
authors: Darin S
authors: DS
authors: Carroll
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000635:transmission*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005845:Georgia; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000821:virology; D008875:Middle Aged; D018155:Orthopoxvirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010802:Phylogeny; D011213:Poxviridae Infections / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology; D012377:Rodentia / Q000821:virology; D012788:Shrews / Q000821:virology; D012900:Smallpox Vaccine; D055815:Young Adult; D015047:Zoonoses / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D004279:DNA, Viral; D012900:Smallpox Vaccine