title: Respiratory Care of Infants and Children with Congenital Tracheo-Oesophageal Fistula and Oesophageal Atresia.
abstract: Despite acute respiratory and chronic respiratory and gastro-intestinal complications, most infants and children with a history of oesophageal atresia / trachea-oesophageal fistula [OA/TOF] can expect to live a fairly normal life. Close multidisciplinary medical and surgical follow-up can identify important co-morbidities whose treatment can improve symptoms and optimize pulmonary and nutritional outcomes. This article will discuss the aetiology, classification, diagnosis and treatment of congenital TOF, with an emphasis on post-surgical respiratory management, recognition of early and late onset complications, and long-term clinical outcomes.
authors: Johns Hopkins University. Electronic address: ssadrea1@jhmi.edu.
authors: Sara C
authors: SC
authors: Sadreameli
authors: Johns Hopkins University.
authors: Sharon A
authors: SA
authors: McGrath-Morrow
mesh_terms: D000359:Aftercare; D016535:Bronchial Hyperreactivity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D055091:Bronchomalacia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015897:Comorbidity; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D004933:Esophageal Atresia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery*; D015154:Esophageal Motility Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D004940:Esophageal Stenosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D053120:Respiratory Aspiration / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D014138:Tracheoesophageal Fistula / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery*; D055090:Tracheomalacia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D064706:Vocal Cord Dysfunction / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Dysphagia; Esophageal dysmotility; Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease; Oesophageal atresia; Tracheo-oesophageal fistula; Tracheomalacia; Vocal cord abnormalities; chronic lung disease