title: Changes in Trichoderma asperellum enzyme expression during parasitism of the cotton root rot pathogen Phymatotrichopsis omnivora.
abstract: The present study determined the activity of hydrolytic enzymes and the gene expression during direct interaction of the novelTrichoderma asperellumstrains TC74 (high antagonistic capacity) and Th1 (low antagonistic capacity) with the plant pathogenic fungusPhymatotrichopsis omnivora. TheT. asperellumstrains produced the lytic enzymes endochitinase, N-acetylglucosaminidase and β-1,3-glucanase when grown on two different carbon sources. The response of strain TC74 was more rapid than that of strain Th1. When directly exposed toP. omnivora, theT. asperellumstrains expressed one endochitinase and one N-acetylglucosaminidase, as shown by RT-PCR experiments. The strains also expressed two β-1,3-exoglucanases (designated as exg290 and exg343). TC74 and Th1 were able to express their chitinases and β-1,3-exoglucanase activities when grown on the different carbon sources tested. When theT. asperellumstrains were grown in the presence ofP. omnivora, qRT-PCR experiments revealed that mycoparasitism-related genes were first expressed prior to contact between the antagonist and the pathogen's mycelium. As a general response, the transcription level of these genes was increased at the post-contact stage. Although TC74 and Th1 both express the assayed genes when grown in direct contact withP. omnivora, significant differences in the time, intensity and kinetics of the response were observed.
authors: Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales, Antigua Escuela Normal Rural de Salaices, López, Chihuahua 31491, Mexico. Electronic address: c_guigon@hotmail.com.
authors: Cesar
authors: C
authors: Guigón-López
authors: Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A. C. Hermosillo. Carretera a la Victoria Km. 0.6, Hermosillo, Sonora C.P. 83304 Apdo, Postal: 1735, Mexico.
authors: Francisco
authors: F
authors: Vargas-Albores
authors: Facultad de Ciencias Agrotecnológicas, Campus Cuauhtémoc, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Cuauhtémoc, Chihuahua, Mexico.
authors: Víctor
authors: V
authors: Guerrero-Prieto
authors: The Italian National Research Council (CNR), Institute for Sostainable Plant Protection (IPSP), Via Universita 133, Portici 80055, Italy.
authors: Michelina
authors: M
authors: Ruocco
authors: Dipartimento Ar.Bo.Pa.Ve.-sez, Patologia Vegetale, University of Napoli "Federico II", via Universita' 100, Portici 80055, Italy.
authors: Matteo
authors: M
authors: Lorito
mesh_terms: D001203:Ascomycota / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D003368:Gossypium / Q000382:microbiology; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions; D006867:Hydrolases / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D056265:Microbial Interactions; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000382:microbiology; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D006867:Hydrolases
keywords: Biocontrol; Chitinases; Hydrolytic enzymes; Mycoparasitism; β-1,3-Exoglucanases