title: CO2 pneumoperitoneum preserves β-arrestin 2 content and reduces high mobility group box-1 (HMGB-1) expression in an animal model of peritonitis.
abstract: Laparoscopy (LS) has been shown to decrease the inflammatory sequelae of endotoxemia. β-arrestin 2 plays an important function in signal transduction pathway of TLR4. High mobility group box-1 (HMGB-1) is involved in the delayed systemic inflammatory response. We investigated the effects of CO2 insufflation on liver, lung, and kidney expression of both β-arrestin 2 and HMGB-1 during sepsis. Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) was performed in male rats and 6 h later the animals were randomly assigned to receive a CO2 pneumoperitoneum or laparotomy. Animals were euthanized; liver, lung, and kidney were removed for the evaluation of β-arrestin 2 and HMGB-1 expression. Immunohistochemical detection of myeloperoxidase (MPO) was investigated in lung and liver and bacterial load was determined in the peritoneal fluid. CO2 pneumoperitoneum reduced peritoneal bacterial load, increased the expression of β-arrestin 2, and blunted the expression of the potent proinflammatory HMGB-1 in liver, lung, and kidney compared with laparotomy. Liver and lung MPO was markedly reduced in rats subjected to LS compared with laparotomy. We believe that CO2 exerts an early protective effect by reducing bacterial load and likely toll-like receptor activation which in turn leads to a preserved β-arrestin 2 expression and a reduced HMGB-1 expression.
authors: Department of Pediatric, Gynecological, Microbiological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "G. Martino", Via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy.
authors: Angela Simona
authors: AS
authors: Montalto
authors: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "G. Martino", Via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy.
authors: Alessandra
authors: 0000-0001-9300-7532
authors: A
authors: Bitto
authors: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "G. Martino", Via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy.
authors: Letteria
authors: L
authors: Minutoli
authors: Department of Pediatric, Gynecological, Microbiological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "G. Martino", Via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy.
authors: Pietro
authors: P
authors: Impellizzeri
authors: Department of Public Health, University of Messina, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "G. Martino", Via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy.
authors: Gaetano
authors: G
authors: Costa
authors: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "G. Martino", Via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy.
authors: Natasha
authors: 0000-0002-1134-7080
authors: N
authors: Irrera
authors: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "G. Martino", Via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy.
authors: Gabriele
authors: 0000-0002-7806-435X
authors: G
authors: Pizzino
authors: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "G. Martino", Via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy.
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Squadrito
authors: Department of Pediatric, Gynecological, Microbiological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "G. Martino", Via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy.
authors: Domenica
authors: 0000-0002-1033-0527
authors: D
authors: Altavilla
authors: Department of Pediatric, Gynecological, Microbiological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "G. Martino", Via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy.
authors: Carmelo
authors: 0000-0002-7616-5480
authors: C
authors: Romeo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019390:Arrestins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D007813:Laparotomy; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D011028:Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D000071560:beta-Arrestin 2; D000071557:beta-Arrestins
chemical_list: C000605257:Arrb2 protein, rat; D019390:Arrestins; D024243:HMGB1 Protein; D000071560:beta-Arrestin 2; D000071557:beta-Arrestins; D002245:Carbon Dioxide