title: Signatures of adaptation in human invasive Salmonella Typhimurium ST313 populations from sub-Saharan Africa.
abstract: Two lineages of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) of multi-locus sequence type ST313 have been linked with the emergence of invasive Salmonella disease across sub-Saharan Africa. The expansion of these lineages has a temporal association with the HIV pandemic and antibiotic usage. We analysed the whole genome sequence of 129 ST313 isolates representative of the two lineages and found evidence of lineage-specific genome degradation, with some similarities to that observed in S. Typhi. Individual ST313 S. Typhimurium isolates exhibit a distinct metabolic signature and modified enteropathogenesis in both a murine and cattle model of colitis, compared to S. Typhimurium outside of the ST313 lineages. These data define phenotypes that distinguish ST313 isolates from other S. Typhimurium and may represent adaptation to a distinct pathogenesis and lifestyle linked to an-immuno-compromised human population.
authors: Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
authors: Chinyere K
authors: CK
authors: Okoro
authors: Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Institute for Molecular Infection Biology, University of Wurzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.
authors: Lars
authors: L
authors: Barquist
authors: Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
authors: Thomas R
authors: TR
authors: Connor
authors: Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
authors: Simon R
authors: SR
authors: Harris
authors: Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
authors: Simon
authors: S
authors: Clare
authors: The Roslin Institute & Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, Scotland, United Kingdom.
authors: Mark P
authors: MP
authors: Stevens
authors: Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrokes Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
authors: Mark J
authors: MJ
authors: Arends
authors: Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
authors: Christine
authors: C
authors: Hale
authors: Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
authors: Leanne
authors: L
authors: Kane
authors: Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
authors: Derek J
authors: DJ
authors: Pickard
authors: Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
authors: Jennifer
authors: J
authors: Hill
authors: Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
authors: Katherine
authors: K
authors: Harcourt
authors: Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
authors: Julian
authors: J
authors: Parkhill
authors: Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
authors: Gordon
authors: G
authors: Dougan
authors: Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom.
authors: Robert A
authors: RA
authors: Kingsley
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D017954:Africa South of the Sahara / Q000453:epidemiology; D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D002417:Cattle; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D016680:Genome, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D044404:Genomic Islands; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D057507:Mice, 129 Strain; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010802:Phylogeny; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012480:Salmonella Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D037521:Virulence Factors