title: The feasibility of using a portable xenon delivery device to permit earlier xenon ventilation with therapeutic cooling of neonates during ambulance retrieval.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Therapeutic hypothermia is the standard of care after perinatal asphyxia. Preclinical studies show 50% xenon improves outcome, if started early.
  
  
  METHODS
  During a 32-patient study randomized between hypothermia only and hypothermia with xenon, 5 neonates were given xenon during retrieval using a closed-circuit incubator-mounted system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Without xenon availability during retrieval, 50% of eligible infants exceeded the 5-hour treatment window. With the transportable system, 100% were recruited. Xenon delivery lasted 55 to 120 minutes, using 174 mL/h (117.5-193.2) (median [interquartile range]), after circuit priming (1300 mL).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Xenon delivery during ambulance retrieval was feasible, reduced starting delays, and used very little gas.
authors: From the *College of Medicine, Swansea University, Wales, United Kingdom; †Neonatal Neuroscience, School of Clinical Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; ‡Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and §Anaesthetic Department, University Hospital Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; and the ∥Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Dingley
authors: Xun
authors: X
authors: Liu
authors: Hannah
authors: H
authors: Gill
authors: Elisa
authors: E
authors: Smit
authors: Hemmen
authors: H
authors: Sabir
authors: James
authors: J
authors: Tooley
authors: Ela
authors: E
authors: Chakkarapani
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Windsor
authors: Marianne
authors: M
authors: Thoresen
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000552:Ambulances; D000764:Anesthesia, Closed-Circuit / Q000295:instrumentation*; D001238:Asphyxia Neonatorum / Q000628:therapy*; D004632:Emergency Medical Services; D004739:England; D004867:Equipment Design; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006801:Humans; D007036:Hypothermia, Induced; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D019095:Point-of-Care Systems; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D012122:Ventilators, Mechanical; D014978:Xenon / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D014978:Xenon