title: Cooking enhances beneficial effects of pea seed coat consumption on glucose tolerance, incretin, and pancreatic hormones in high-fat-diet-fed rats.
abstract: Pulses, including dried peas, are nutrient- and fibre-rich foods that improve glucose control in diabetic subjects compared with other fibre sources. We hypothesized feeding cooked pea seed coats to insulin-resistant rats would improve glucose tolerance by modifying gut responses to glucose and reducing stress on pancreatic islets. Glucose intolerance induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats with high-fat diet (HFD; 10% cellulose as fibre) was followed by 3 weeks of HFD with fibre (10%) provided by cellulose, raw-pea seed coat (RP), or cooked-pea seed coat (CP). A fourth group consumed low-fat diet with 10% cellulose. Oral and intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests (oGTT, ipGTT) were done. CP rats had 30% and 50% lower glucose and insulin responses in oGTT, respectively, compared with the HFD group (P < 0.05) but ipGTT was not different. Plasma islet and incretin hormone concentrations were measured. α- and β-cell areas in the pancreas and density of K- and L-cells in jejunum and ileum were quantified. Jejunal expression of hexose transporters was measured. CP feeding increased fasting glucagon-like peptide 1 and glucose-stimulated gastric inhibitory polypeptide responses (P < 0.05), but K- and L-cells densities were comparable to HFD, as was abundance of SGLT1 and GLUT2 mRNA. No significant difference in β-cell area between diet groups was observed. α-cell area was significantly smaller in CP compared with RP rats (P < 0.05). Overall, our results demonstrate that CP feeding can reverse adverse effects of HFD on glucose homeostasis and is associated with enhanced incretin secretion and reduced α-cell abundance.
authors: Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada.
authors: Zohre
authors: Z
authors: Hashemi
authors: Kaiyuan
authors: K
authors: Yang
authors: Han
authors: H
authors: Yang
authors: Alena
authors: A
authors: Jin
authors: Jocelyn
authors: J
authors: Ozga
authors: Catherine B
authors: CB
authors: Chan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003296:Cooking; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide / Q000097:blood; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000097:blood; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000378:metabolism; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D051273:Glucose Transporter Type 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051296:Glucose Transporter Type 5 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D054795:Incretins / Q000097:blood*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010187:Pancreatic Hormones / Q000097:blood*; D018532:Pisum sativum / Q000737:chemistry*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D051269:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D051273:Glucose Transporter Type 2; D051296:Glucose Transporter Type 5; D054795:Incretins; D007328:Insulin; D010187:Pancreatic Hormones; C495683:Slc2a2 protein, rat; C495727:Slc2a5 protein, rat; C495676:Slc5a1 protein, rat; D051269:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 1; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
keywords: GIP; GLP-1; glucagon; ilots pancréatiques; insulin resistance; insulinorésistance; pancreatic islets; peas; pois