title: Racial variation in the clinical and economic burden of skeletal-related events among elderly men with stage IV metastatic prostate cancer.
abstract: Prostate cancer (PCa) outcomes vary widely among African American (AA) and non-Hispanic White (NHW) men. The authors investigated racial variation in the incidence of skeletal-related events (SREs) and SRE-related healthcare costs among AA and NHW men, a topic that has received limited attention in the literature. AA and NHW men diagnosed with metastatic PCa were identified from the linked Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results-Medicare dataset. The sample included 6455 men with metastatic PCa, including 5420 NHW men and 1035 AA men. Approximately 16% experienced SREs during follow-up. AA men were less likely to experience SREs compared with NHW men, controlling for individual characteristics (adjusted odds ratio: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.66- 0.94). The SRE-specific costs were US$35,725 (US$22,190-US$49,260) among AA men and US$25,896 (US$21,669-US$30,123) among NHW men. Although AA men were less likely to experience SREs, there were substantial costs attributable to the treatment of SREs among AA men.
authors: University of Maryland School of Pharmacy , 220 Arch Street, 12th Floor, Baltimore, MD 21201 , USA.
authors: Jinani
authors: J
authors: Jayasekera
authors: Eberechukwu
authors: E
authors: Onukwugha
authors: Kaloyan
authors: K
authors: Bikov
authors: Arif
authors: A
authors: Hussain
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000556:secondary; D017281:Cost of Illness; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000191:economics / Q000208:ethnology / Q000473:pathology*; D018426:SEER Program; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
keywords: African American; Medicare; health services utilization costs; non-Hispanic White; race disparities; skeletal-related events; stage IV metastatic prostate cancer; surveillance, epidemiology and end results