title: Optimization of cell disruption methods for efficient recovery of bioactive metabolites via NMR of three freshwater microalgae (chlorophyta).
abstract: This study demonstrates the use of NMR techniques coupled with chemometric analysis as a high throughput data mining method to identify and examine the efficiency of different disruption techniques tested on microalgae (Chlorella variabilis, Scenedesmus regularis and Ankistrodesmus gracilis). The yield and chemical diversity from the disruptions together with the effects of pre-oven and pre-freeze drying prior to disruption techniques were discussed. HCl extraction showed the highest recovery of oil compounds from the disrupted microalgae (up to 90%). In contrast, NMR analysis showed the highest intensity of bioactive metabolites obtained for homogenized extracts pre-treated with freeze-drying, indicating that homogenizing is a more favorable approach to recover bioactive substances from the disrupted microalgae. The results show the potential of NMR as a useful metabolic fingerprinting tool for assessing compound diversity in complex microalgae extracts.
authors: School of Fundamental Science, University Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia. Electronic address: nyukling@umt.edu.my.
authors: Nyuk Ling
authors: NL
authors: Ma
authors: School of Fundamental Science, University Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia. Electronic address: t.kityinn@gmail.com.
authors: Kit Yinn
authors: KY
authors: Teh
authors: Eastern Corridor Renewable Energy Group (ECRE), School of Ocean Engineering, University Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia. Electronic address: lam@umt.edu.my.
authors: Su Shiung
authors: SS
authors: Lam
authors: Institute of Marine Biotechnology, University Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia. Electronic address: nyetebe@hotmail.com.
authors: Anne Marie
authors: AM
authors: Kaben
authors: Institute of Marine Biotechnology, University Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia. Electronic address: Cha_ts@umt.edu.my.
authors: Thye San
authors: TS
authors: Cha
mesh_terms: D001685:Biological Factors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002458:Cell Fractionation; D000460:Chlorophyta / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D005615:Freezing; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D013010:Sonication / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D001685:Biological Factors; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid
keywords: Bioactive compounds; Disruption; Metabolite; Microalgae; NMR