title: Increasing the efficiency of homology-directed repair for CRISPR-Cas9-induced precise gene editing in mammalian cells.
abstract: The insertion of precise genetic modifications by genome editing tools such as CRISPR-Cas9 is limited by the relatively low efficiency of homology-directed repair (HDR) compared with the higher efficiency of the nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) pathway. To enhance HDR, enabling the insertion of precise genetic modifications, we suppressed the NHEJ key molecules KU70, KU80 or DNA ligase IV by gene silencing, the ligase IV inhibitor SCR7 or the coexpression of adenovirus 4 E1B55K and E4orf6 proteins in a 'traffic light' and other reporter systems. Suppression of KU70 and DNA ligase IV promotes the efficiency of HDR 4-5-fold. When co-expressed with the Cas9 system, E1B55K and E4orf6 improved the efficiency of HDR up to eightfold and essentially abolished NHEJ activity in both human and mouse cell lines. Our findings provide useful tools to improve the frequency of precise gene modifications in mammalian cells.
authors: Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
authors: Van Trung
authors: VT
authors: Chu
authors: Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
authors: Timm
authors: T
authors: Weber
authors: 1] Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany. [2] Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e.V., Munich, Germany.
authors: Benedikt
authors: 0000000224929389
authors: B
authors: Wefers
authors: 1] Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany. [2] Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e.V., Munich, Germany. [3] Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.
authors: Wolfgang
authors: W
authors: Wurst
authors: Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
authors: Sandrine
authors: S
authors: Sander
authors: Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
authors: Klaus
authors: K
authors: Rajewsky
authors: 1] Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany. [2] Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany. [3] Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
authors: Ralf
authors: R
authors: Kühn
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D017504:Adenovirus E4 Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D064113:CRISPR-Cas Systems / Q000235:genetics*; D002460:Cell Line; D053903:DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded; D059766:DNA End-Joining Repair / Q000235:genetics*; D000072481:DNA Ligase ATP; D011088:DNA Ligases / Q000235:genetics; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005818:Genetic Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D015894:Genome, Human; D059765:Homologous Recombination / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D017504:Adenovirus E4 Proteins; C553319:E1B55K protein, adenovirus; C553318:E4orf6 protein, adenovirus; C000607893:LIG4 protein, human; D014764:Viral Proteins; D011088:DNA Ligases; D000072481:DNA Ligase ATP