title: Effect of periodontal surgery on osteoprotegerin levels in gingival crevicular fluid, saliva, and gingival tissues of chronic periodontitis patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was undertaken to investigate the OPG profiles in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), saliva, and gingival tissues of chronic periodontitis (CP) patients in response to open flap debridement (OFD).
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 30 subjects divided into 2 groups: 20 CP patients and 10 periodontally healthy subjects. Plaque index, gingival index, pocket depth, and clinical attachment level measurements were recorded for all subjects. GCF, salivary, and gingival samples were collected from all 30 subjects at baseline and 3 and 6 month after OFD from the 20 CP patients. GCF and salivary OPG levels were assessed by ELISA assay, while OPG expression in gingival tissues was examined by immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  GCF, salivary and gingival OPG profiles were significantly higher in control subjects compared to CP patients at baseline (P < 0.001). Within CP group, OPG levels in GCF, saliva, and gingival samples showed a significant increase at 3 and 6 months after OFD (P < 0.001) compared to baseline. Although OPG values increased significantly in gingival samples and insignificantly in saliva after 3 months compared to 6 months, yet GCF levels were significantly decreased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  OPG might be considered as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of periodontal bone destruction. This trial is registered with NCT02160613.
authors: Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology and Oral Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Fayoum University, Fayoum 6351, Egypt.
authors: Sandy H S
authors: SH
authors: Hassan
authors: Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology and Diagnosis, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11553, Egypt.
authors: Mahmoud I
authors: MI
authors: El-Refai
authors: Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology and Diagnosis, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11553, Egypt.
authors: Noha A
authors: NA
authors: Ghallab
authors: Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11553, Egypt.
authors: Rehab Fawzy
authors: RF
authors: Kasem
authors: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11553, Egypt.
authors: Olfat G
authors: OG
authors: Shaker
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D003646:Debridement / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005881:Gingiva / Q000378:metabolism*; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019647:Oral Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D053244:Osteoprotegerin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012463:Saliva / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D053244:Osteoprotegerin