title: Optimal Design of Litz Wire Coils With Sandwich Structure Wirelessly Powering an Artificial Anal Sphincter System.
abstract: Transcutaneous energy transfer system (TETS) is widely used to energize implantable biomedical devices. As a key part of the TETS, a pair of applicable coils with low losses, high unloaded Q factor, and strong coupling is required to realize an efficient TETS. This article presents an optimal design methodology of planar litz wire coils sandwiched between two ferrite substrates wirelessly powering a novel mechanical artificial anal sphincter system for treating severe fecal incontinence, with focus on the main parameters of the coils such as the wire diameter, number of turns, geometry, and the properties of the ferrite substrate. The theoretical basis of optimal power transfer efficiency in an inductive link was analyzed. A set of analytical expressions are outlined to calculate the winding resistance of a litz wire coil on ferrite substrate, taking into account eddy-current losses, including conduction losses and induction losses. Expressions that describe the geometrical dimension dependence of self- and mutual inductance are derived. The influence of ferrite substrate relative permeability and dimensions is also considered. We have used this foundation to devise an applicable coil design method that starts with a set of realistic constraints and ends with the optimal coil pair geometries. All theoretical predictions are verified with measurements using different types of fabricated coils. The results indicate that the analysis is useful for optimizing the geometry design of windings and the ferrite substrate in a sandwich structure as part of which, in addition to providing design insight, allows speeding up the system efficiency-optimizing design process.
authors: Institute of Medical Precision Engineering and Intelligent System, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors: Lei
authors: L
authors: Ke
authors: Institute of Medical Precision Engineering and Intelligent System, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors: Guozheng
authors: G
authors: Yan
authors: Institute of Medical Precision Engineering and Intelligent System, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors: Sheng
authors: S
authors: Yan
authors: Institute of Medical Precision Engineering and Intelligent System, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors: Zhiwu
authors: Z
authors: Wang
authors: Institute of Medical Precision Engineering and Intelligent System, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors: Xiaoyang
authors: X
authors: Li
mesh_terms: D001003:Anal Canal / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D001187:Artificial Organs; D011211:Electric Power Supplies; D004735:Energy Transfer; D004867:Equipment Design; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000628:therapy*; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D059015:Wireless Technology
chemical_list: D005290:Ferric Compounds; C001215:ferrite
keywords: Artificial anal sphincter; Electromagnetic analysis; Ferrite substrate; Link transfer efficiency; Planar litz wire coil; Transcutaneous energy transfer