title: Rhamnolipids as platform molecules for production of potential anti-zoospore agrochemicals.
abstract: Rhamnolipid biosurfactants have potential applications in the control of zoosporic plant pathogens. However, rhamnolipids have not been closely investigated for the anti-zoospore mechanism or for developing new anti-zoospore chemicals. In this study, RhL-1 and RhL-3 groups of rhamnolipids were used to generate the corresponding RhL-2 and RhL-4 groups and the free diacids. Conversion of RhL-3 to RhL-1 was also accomplished in vitro with cellobiase as the catalyst. The anti-zoospore effects of RhL-1-RhL-4 and the diacids were investigated with zoospores of Phytophthora sojae. For RhL-1-RhL-4, approximately 20, 30, 40, and 40 mg/L, respectively, were found to be the lowest concentrations required to stop movement of all zoospores, which indicates that the anti-zoospore effect remains strong even after RhL-1 and RhL-3 are hydrolyzed into RhL-2 and RhL-4. The free diacids required a significantly higher critical concentration of about 125 mg/L. Rhamnose can be obtained as a co-product.
authors: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3906, United States.
authors: Shida
authors: S
authors: Miao
authors: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3906, United States.
authors: Soroosh Soltani
authors: SS
authors: Dashtbozorg
authors: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3906, United States.
authors: Nicholas V
authors: NV
authors: Callow
authors: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3906, United States.
authors: Lu-Kwang
authors: LK
authors: Ju
mesh_terms: D016573:Agrochemicals / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006017:Glycolipids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006868:Hydrolysis; D009712:Nucleotides, Cyclic; D010838:Phytophthora; D013172:Spores, Fungal / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D016573:Agrochemicals; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D006017:Glycolipids; D009712:Nucleotides, Cyclic; C418382:rhamnolipid; C045608:zoospore maintenance factor, blastocladiella
keywords: HPLC−MS; biosurfactant; fungi; rhamnolipid; zoospore