title: Association between medication and intestinal intussusception in children: a case-crossover study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to assess the association between the appearance of intussusception in children and medication intake in the immediately preceding period (2-15 days).
  
  
  METHODS
  A case-crossover design was used. We selected cases of children admitted with a diagnosis of intussusception (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, 860) to the major hospitals in the city of Valencia, Spain, from 2006 to 2009. We then estimated the association between the episode of intussusception and the intake of prescription medication during the preceding 2, 7, and 15 days (case period) and for the same time window 1, 2, 3, and 4 months prior (control period). Data on previous drug administration were obtained from the Pharmaceutical Service Manager System.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 95 cases (65.3% boys and 34.7% girls) were selected; 76.6% were younger than the age of 2 years. The association between intussusception and prior drug use varied depending on the exposure window: 15-day odds ratio (OR), 1.45 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.86-2.43); 7-day OR, 1.46 (95% CI, 0.80-2.67); and 2-day OR, 2.26 (95% CI, 1.10-4.64). These associations were greater for children aged younger than 2 years and were usually due to the recent administration (preceding 2 days) of antibiotics (OR, 8.00; 95% CI, 1.47-43.7).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intussusception was more common among boys aged younger than 2 years. A positive and significant association was observed when drugs were administered 2 to 7 days before the onset of symptoms in children younger than the age of 2 years.
authors: From the *Valencian School of Health Studies, Valencia; †Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health, Spain; ‡Center for Advanced Research in Public Health, Valencia; §Research Support Unit, Hospital General La Mancha Centro, Spain; and ∥Department of Pediatrics, Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain.
authors: Lourdes
authors: L
authors: Vega García
authors: Virginia
authors: V
authors: Fuentes-Leonarte
authors: José María
authors: JM
authors: Tenías
authors: Patricia
authors: P
authors: Correcher Medina
authors: Ángel
authors: Á
authors: Arias Arias
authors: Carmen
authors: C
authors: Román Ortiz
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007443:Intussusception / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents