title: Outcome of rapamycin therapy for post-transplant-lymphoproliferative disorder after kidney transplantation: case series.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) are a complication of chronic immunosuppressive therapy in solid organ transplantation with a high mortality rate. Alternative treatments such as rapamycin have been explored.
  
  
  METHODS
  A detailed retrospective analysis was performed according to data collected from 13 patients with PTLD. At the time of PTLD diagnosis, immunosuppressive therapy was decreased and rapamycin administered. Overall survival, disease-free survival of patients and graft survival were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 590 kidney transplant recipients, 13 adult patients with PTLD were included in this study. The mean age of the patients was 42.15 (range: 25-58) years at the time of PTLD diagnosis, and 9 patients were male. Histology was distributed in 9 diffuse large B cell, 1 Malt lymphoma, 1 Burkitt lymphoma, 2 Hodgkin-like PTLD. The response rate to rapamycin alone was 30.8%. The mean overall survival period was 23.38 months and 11 patients are still alive. In total, 10 patients (76.9%) achieved a complete remission with functioning graft in 11 (84.6%) patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite the retrospective focus and limited number of patients, this study provides promising results regarding the effectiveness of stopping calcineurin inhibitors and switching to rapamycin for patients with PTLD.
authors: Hematology Division of Internal Medicine Department, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors: Farzaneh
authors: F
authors: Ashrafi
authors: Nephrology Division of Internal Medicine Department, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran ; Kidney Disease Research Center, Isfahan, Iran.
authors: Shahrzad
authors: S
authors: Shahidi
authors: Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors: Zeinab
authors: Z
authors: Ebrahimi
authors: Isfahan Kidney Disease Research Center, Isfahan, Iran.
authors: Mojgan
authors: M
authors: Mortazavi
keywords: Lymphoma Therapy; Rapamycin; Transplant