title: Effect of tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 promoter polymorphisms on course of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Turkish patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this case-control study, we investigated whether IL-6 (-174G/C) and TNF-α (-308G/A) gene polymorphisms affect the clinical course and outcome of CCHF.
  
  
  METHODS
  Total 150 patients with CCHF and 170 controls were examined in this study. Genotyping of these polymorphisms were performed by PCR-RFLP methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found no statistically significant differences in genotype and allele frequencies of these polymorphisms between patients and controls [(χ2 = 1.31, p = 0.51 for TNF-α) and (χ2 = 2.61, p = 0.27 for IL-6)]. Either TNF-α AA or IL-6 CC genotypes in dead cases were not observed in this study. Frequency of heterozygous genotypes in both IL-6 (GC) and TNF-α (GA) was higher in dead patients than living patients. However, the difference was not statistically significant. A significant difference was found in AST levels and INR when compared to patients with CCHF who died and who survived [OR = 13.9 (95% CI = 1.79-107) for INR, p = 0.01] and [OR = 23.3 (95% CI = 3.62-149) for AST, p = 0.001], respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We did not find a significant association of IL-6 -174G/C and TNF-α -308G/A polymorphisms on the prognosis of CCHF and mortality in this study. We suggest that AST and INR may be important biomarkers for determining the risk of severity and death as a result of infection with Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV).
authors: Department of Research Centre, Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Medicine, Sivas, Turkey.
authors: Meral
authors: M
authors: Yilmaz
authors: Nazif
authors: N
authors: Elaldi
authors: Binnur
authors: B
authors: Bagci
authors: Ismail
authors: I
authors: Sari
authors: Erkan
authors: E
authors: Gümüs
authors: Izzet
authors: I
authors: Yelkovan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D003225:Hemorrhagic Fever Virus, Crimean-Congo / Q000235:genetics*; D006479:Hemorrhagic Fever, Crimean / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics; D014421:Turkey; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha