title: Meta-analysis of the effect of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on vascular remodeling after carotid balloon injury in animal models.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A meta-analysis was conducted to assess the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation in small animal coronary vessels after balloon injury, to provide data for the design of future pre-clinical experiments and human clinical trials.
  
  
  METHODS
  The search strategy included the PubMed, EMBASE, Chinese Biomedical Literature (CBM), and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CKNI) databases. The endpoint was the ratio of vascular neointima/media (I/M). Moreover, neointimal area, re-endothelialization, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression were analyzed. Pooled analyses were conducted using random effects models. Heterogeneity and publication bias were also explored. All data were analyzed using RevMan 5.2 and Stata 12.0.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifteen studies were reviewed from 238 retrieved animal studies. Compared with controls, MSC transplantation resulted in greater I/M reduction (pooled difference, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.57-0.21; P < 0.0001), greater neointimal area reduction (pooled difference, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.22-0.10; P < 0.0001), decreased PCNA expression (pooled difference, 17.69; 95% CI, 28.94-6.44; P = 0.002), and enhanced re-endothelialization (pooled difference, 3.37; 95% CI, 1.78-4.95; P < 0.0001). The multivariable meta-regression analysis showed that a higher number of transplanted cells (>106; P = 0.017) and later time point of I/M measurement (P = 0.022) were significantly associated with I/M reduction. Subgroup analysis demonstrated a trend for a greater reduction in the ratio of I/M with late MSC transplantation (>1 day), MSCs transplanted through intravenous injection, and atherosclerotic vessels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The meta-analysis results demonstrate that MSC transplantation might improve injured vascular remodeling. In addition to greater efficacy with a greater number of transplanted MSCs (>106), the long-term effect of MSC transplantation appears to be more significant. The findings of this meta-analysis may help to design future, effective MSC trials.
authors: Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
authors: Xinxin
authors: X
authors: Ju
authors: Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
authors: Hong
authors: H
authors: Zou
authors: Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital to Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China.
authors: Kejian
authors: K
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital to Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China.
authors: Juncang
authors: J
authors: Duan
authors: Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
authors: Shugang
authors: S
authors: Li
authors: Department of Stomatology, First Affiliated Hospital to Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China.
authors: Zheng
authors: Z
authors: Zhou
authors: Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Qi
authors: Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
authors: Jin
authors: J
authors: Zhao
authors: Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
authors: Jianming
authors: J
authors: Hu
authors: Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
authors: Lianghai
authors: L
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Jia
authors: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital of Xingjian Production and Construction Corps, Wulumuqi, Xinjiang, China.
authors: Yutao
authors: Y
authors: Wei
authors: Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital to Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
authors: Yixun
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
authors: Wenjie
authors: W
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
authors: Lijuan
authors: L
authors: Pang
authors: Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
authors: Feng
authors: F
authors: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020212:Carotid Artery Injuries / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D051379:Mice; D011817:Rabbits; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D066253:Vascular Remodeling