title: Inflammation-induced sensitization of the brain in term infants.
abstract: Perinatal insults are a leading cause of infant mortality and amongst survivors are frequently associated with neurocognitive impairment, cerebral palsy (CP), and seizure disorders. The events leading to perinatal brain injury are multifactorial. This review describes how one subinjurious factor affecting the brain sensitizes it to a second injurious factor, causing an exacerbated injurious cascade. We will review the clinical and experimental evidence, including observations of high rates of maternal and fetal infections in term-born infants with neonatal encephalopathy and cerebral palsy. In addition, we will discuss preclinical evidence for the sensitizing effects of inflammation on injuries, such as hypoxia-ischaemia, our current understanding of the mechanisms underpinning the sensitization process, and the possibility for neuroprotection.
authors: Inserm, U1141, Paris, France; University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1141, Paris, France; Department of Child Neurology, APHP, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France; PremUP, Paris, France; Division of Imaging Sciences, Department of Perinatal Imaging and Health, King's College London, King's Health Partners, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.
authors: Bobbi
authors: B
authors: Fleiss
authors: Cally J
authors: CJ
authors: Tann
authors: Vincent
authors: V
authors: Degos
authors: Stéphanie
authors: S
authors: Sigaut
authors: Juliette
authors: J
authors: Van Steenwinckel
authors: Anne-Laure
authors: AL
authors: Schang
authors: Anton
authors: A
authors: Kichev
authors: Nicola J
authors: NJ
authors: Robertson
authors: Carina
authors: C
authors: Mallard
authors: Henrik
authors: H
authors: Hagberg
authors: Pierre
authors: P
authors: Gressens
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000002:abnormalities; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications*; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D011247:Pregnancy