title: A practical design for a dual-agent dose-escalation trial that incorporates pharmacokinetic data.
abstract: Traditionally, model-based dose-escalation trial designs recommend a dose for escalation based on an assumed dose-toxicity relationship. Pharmacokinetic data are often available but are currently only utilised by clinical teams in a subjective manner to aid decision making if the dose-toxicity model recommendation is felt to be too high. Formal incorporation of pharmacokinetic data in dose-escalation could therefore make the decision process more efficient and lead to an increase in the precision of the resulting recommended dose, as well as decreasing the subjectivity of its use. Such an approach is investigated in the dual-agent setting using a Bayesian design, where historical single-agent data are available to advise the use of pharmacokinetic data in the dual-agent setting. The dose-toxicity and dose-exposure relationships are modelled independently and the outputs combined in the escalation rules. Implementation of stopping rules highlight the practicality of the design. This is demonstrated through an example which is evaluated using simulation.
authors: Medical and Pharmaceutical Statistics Research Unit, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, U.K.
authors: Amy
authors: A
authors: Cotterill
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: Lorand
authors: Jixian
authors: J
authors: Wang
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Jaki
mesh_terms: D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D057239:Early Termination of Clinical Trials / Q000592:standards*; D023381:Endpoint Determination; D006801:Humans; D020714:Maximum Tolerated Dose; D010599:Pharmacokinetics; D012107:Research Design
keywords: combination treatment; dose-escalation; dual-agent; escalation rules; pharmacokinetic data