title: Regional chest wall volume changes during various breathing maneuvers in normal men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study is to investigate the regional chest wall volume changes during various breathing maneuvers in normal men with an optical reflectance system (OR), which tracks reflective markers in three dimensions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Chest wall volume was measured by the OR system [VL(CW)], and lung volume was measured by hot wire spirometry [VL(SP)] in 15 healthy men during quiet breathing (QB), during breathing at a rate of 50 tidal breaths/min paced using a metronome (MT: metronome-paced tachypnea), and during a maximal forced inspiratory and expiratory maneuver (MFIE maneuver).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were few discrepancies between VL(CW) and VL(SP) for QB and MT. In the MFIE maneuver, however VL(CW) was often underestimated compared with VL(SP), particularly during forced maximal expiration, because of pulmonary rib cage volume changes. Furthermore, the regional chest wall volume changes were affected by breathing maneuver alternation. In the pulmonary and abdominal rib cage, inspiratory reserve volume was larger than expiratory reserve volume, respectively, and in the abdomen, expiratory reserve volume was larger than inspiratory reserve volume.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Alternation of breathing maneuvers affects regional chest wall volume changes.
authors: Department of Rehabilitation, Hyogo College of Medicine Sasayama Medical Center Kurooka 5, Sasayama, Hyogo, 669-2321 Japan ; Division of Preventive Health Sciences, Department of Community Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences.
authors: Masafumi
authors: M
authors: Nozoe
authors: Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Konan Women's University.
authors: Kyoshi
authors: K
authors: Mase
authors: Division of Preventive Health Sciences, Department of Community Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences.
authors: Akimitsu
authors: A
authors: Tsutou
keywords: breathing maneuver; chest wall volume; three-dimensional motion analysis