title: Emulsification and antioxidation of biosurfactant extracts from Chinese medicinal herbs fermentation in vitro.
abstract: Much attention has been paid to biosurfactants produced using microorganisms, but little direct evidence for the development of natural biosurfactants combined with Chinese medicinal herbs are available. We investigated the emulsification and antioxidation of biosurfactant extracts from Chinese medicinal herb fermentation (BECMHF) in vitro and their application in water retention capacity and the skin prick and allergy test (SPAT) index for skin cells. The results showed that the water retention capacity of BECMHF was positively associated with the emulsification index. The SPAT index of 8 Chinese medicinal herbs was 0 at a 1% or 2% concentration, suggesting no sensitivity or adverse effects on the skin cells. Eight BECMHFs produced using Alcaligenes piechaudii CC-ESB2 exhibited antioxidant capabilities, including 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and superoxide scavenging activity, and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity at a concentration of 10 mg/ml. The mechanism involved inhibitory effects on nitrite, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression, and reactive oxygen species (ROSs) generation. BECMHFs exhibit favorable antioxidative properties in health food and satisfactory emulsifying and moisturizing characteristics in cosmetic formulations, which have potential applications in the health food and cosmetic industries, respectively.
authors: Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, No. 200, Sec. 7, Taiwan Boulevard, Shalu District, Taichung City 43301, Taiwan; Department of Food Science and Technology, Hungkuang University, No. 1018, Sec. 6, Taiwan Boulevard, Shalu District, Taichung City 43302, Taiwan.
authors: Chunyeh
authors: C
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Hotel Management and Bakery, School of Tourism & Hotel Management, Xiamen University of Technology, No. 600 Ligong Road, Jimei District, Xiamen, Fujian Province 361024, China; Section of Teaching and Research, PingTung Christian Hospital, No. 60, Dalan Rd., PingTung City, PingTung County 90059, Taiwan. Electronic address: 2015000005@xmut.edu.cn.
authors: Tachen
authors: T
authors: Lin
authors: Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, No. 200, Sec. 7, Taiwan Boulevard, Shalu District, Taichung City 43301, Taiwan.
authors: Youmin
authors: Y
authors: Shieh
mesh_terms: D000421:Alcaligenes / Q000378:metabolism; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D003358:Cosmetics; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry*; D004655:Emulsions; D005285:Fermentation; D019649:Food Industry; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D010851:Picrates / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry*; D012867:Skin / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D012882:Skin Tests; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D014867:Water / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D003358:Cosmetics; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D004655:Emulsions; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D009573:Nitrites; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D014867:Water; D013481:Superoxides; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase
keywords: Antioxidant; Biosurfactant; Chinese medicinal herbs; Emulsification; Fermentation