title: Detection of clenbuterol hydrochloride residuals in pork liver using a customized surface plasmon resonance bioanalyzer.
abstract: A surface plasmon resonance (SPR) immunoassay with an immobilization of self-assembled molecular identification membrane for the detection of residual Clenbuterol Hydrochloride (CLB) in pork liver was systematically investigated and experimentally validated for its high performance. SPR immunoassay with a regular competitive inhibition assay cannot be directly verified to detect CLB residuals. In this study, the binding of Au film with mercaptopropionic acid was investigated using the known form of the strong S-Au covalent bonds formed by the chemical radical of the mercaptopropionic acid and the Au film. After that, the immunoglobulin IgG of swine (SwIgG-CLB) was bonded with the mercaptopropionic acid by covalent -CO-NH- amide bonding. The modified comprehensive analysis of how the membrane structure works was introduced together with the customized SPR bioanalyzer. In order to evaluate the performance of this biomembrane structure, the concentrations of CLB-contained solutions of 0 ng · mL(-1), 10 ng · mL(-1), 20 ng · mL(-1), 33.3 ng · mL(-1), and 40 ng · mL(-1) were prepared by adding CLB reagents into the solutions of CLB antibody (Clenbuterol Hydrochloride Antibody, CLB-Ab), successively and then the response unit (RU) was measured individually. Using the data collected from the linear CCD array, the fitting curve was established with the R-Square value of 0.9929. Correspondingly, the recovery rate ranged from 88.48% to 103.21% was experimented and the limit of detection of CLB in 1.26 ng · mL(-1) was obtained efficiently. It was concluded that the detection method associated with biomembrane properties is expected to contribute much to the determination of residual CLB in pork liver quantitatively by using the customized SPR bioanalyzer.
authors: Department of Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China; State key laboratory of wheat and maize crop science, Zhengzhou, China.
authors: Jiandong
authors: J
authors: Hu
authors: Department of Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
authors: Ruipeng
authors: R
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
authors: Shun
authors: S
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
authors: Tingting
authors: T
authors: Wang
authors: Hanan Mechancial and Electrical Vocational College, Zhengzhou, China.
authors: Yuanyuan
authors: Y
authors: Zhao
authors: Department of Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
authors: Jianwei
authors: J
authors: Li
authors: School of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, McGill University, Ste Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada.
authors: Xinran
authors: X
authors: Hu
authors: Department of Electronic and Telecommunications, University of Gavle, Gävle, Sweden.
authors: Hao
authors: H
authors: Liang
authors: Department of Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
authors: Juanhua
authors: J
authors: Zhu
authors: Department of Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
authors: Xiaohui
authors: X
authors: Sun
authors: Department of Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
authors: Liuzheng
authors: L
authors: Ma
authors: College of life sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
authors: Min
authors: M
authors: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D002976:Clenbuterol; D008099:Liver; D020349:Surface Plasmon Resonance / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D002976:Clenbuterol