title: Combined effect of erythromycin, tetracycline and sulfamethoxazole on performance of anaerobic sequencing batch reactors.
abstract: The combined effects of erythromycin-tetracycline-sulfamethoxazole (ETS) and sulfamethoxazole-tetracycline (ST) antibiotics on the performance of anaerobic sequencing batch reactors were studied. A control reactor was fed with wastewater that was free of antibiotics, while two additional reactors were fed with ETS and ST. The way in which the ETS and ST mixtures impact COD removal, VFA production, antibiotic degradation, biogas production and composition were investigated. The effects of the ETS mixtures were different from the ST mixtures, erythromycin can have an antagonistic effect on sulfamethoxazole and tetracycline. The anaerobic pre-treatment of these antibiotics can represent a suitable alternative to the use of chemical treatments for concentrations at 10 mg/L of S and 1 mg/L of T; 2 mg/L of E, 2 mg/L of T and 20 mg/L of S for the ST and ETS reactors respectively, which corresponds to min 70% COD removal efficiency.
authors: Environmental Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: seaydin@itu.edu.tr.
authors: Sevcan
authors: S
authors: Aydin
authors: Institutes of Environmental Sciences, Bogazici University, Bebek, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Bahar
authors: B
authors: Ince
authors: Environmental Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Zeynep
authors: Z
authors: Cetecioglu
authors: Environmental Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Osman
authors: O
authors: Arikan
authors: Environmental Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: E Gozde
authors: EG
authors: Ozbayram
authors: Environmental Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Aiyoub
authors: A
authors: Shahi
authors: Environmental Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Orhan
authors: O
authors: Ince
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D057919:Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis; D019149:Bioreactors; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004917:Erythromycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000378:metabolism; D013420:Sulfamethoxazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D013752:Tetracycline / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D004917:Erythromycin; D013752:Tetracycline; D013420:Sulfamethoxazole
keywords: Anaerobic treatment; Combined effect; Erythromycin; Sulfamethoxazole; Tetracycline