title: Effects of Glucosinolates from Turnip (Brassica rapa L.) Root on Bone Formation by Human Osteoblast-Like MG-63 Cells and in Normal Young Rats.
abstract: Turnip (Brassica rapa L.) root ethanol extract (TRE) was prepared, and its chemical constituents were characterized by ultra-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Thirteen glucosinolates (GSLs) were identified, comprising eight aliphatic, four indolic, and one aromatic compounds. The effects of these GSLs on bone formation were investigated in vitro by incubating human osteoblast-like MG-63 cells with TRE and then analyzing their viability, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, collagen content, and mineralization and in vivo by administering TRE orally to normal young rats (500 mg/kg/day) and assessing subsequent changes in serum osteocalcin and bone microstructure in these animals. No TRE-related toxicity was found, and the levels of cell viability, ALP activity, collagen synthesis, and mineralization were significantly increased relative to the negative control. In particular, stimulatory effects on the differentiation of MG-63 cells were strongly enhanced as compared with a positive control (daidzein). Serum osteocalcin was also significantly increased, and some important bone microstructural parameters were improved in TRE-administered rats compared with their saline-administered counterparts. GSLs therefore appear to have a stimulatory effect on bone formation in both MG-63 cells and normal young rats. This is the first report on the usefulness of turnip root and its GSL compounds for bone formation.
authors: College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 156-756, Republic of Korea.
authors: Jaehoon
authors: J
authors: Jeong
authors: College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 156-756, Republic of Korea.
authors: Heajin
authors: H
authors: Park
authors: College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 156-756, Republic of Korea.
authors: Hanbit
authors: H
authors: Hyun
authors: College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 156-756, Republic of Korea.
authors: Jihye
authors: J
authors: Kim
authors: College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 156-756, Republic of Korea.
authors: Haesung
authors: H
authors: Kim
authors: College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 156-756, Republic of Korea.
authors: Hyun Il
authors: HI
authors: Oh
authors: College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 156-756, Republic of Korea.
authors: Hye Seong
authors: HS
authors: Hwang
authors: College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 156-756, Republic of Korea.
authors: Dae Kyong
authors: DK
authors: Kim
authors: College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 156-756, Republic of Korea.
authors: Ha Hyung
authors: HH
authors: Kim
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000187:drug effects*; D029741:Brassica rapa / Q000737:chemistry*; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D003094:Collagen / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005260:Female; D005961:Glucosinolates / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000097:blood; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D010710:Phosphates / Q000097:blood; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D005961:Glucosinolates; D010710:Phosphates; D015675:Osteocalcin; D003094:Collagen; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D002118:Calcium
keywords: bone formation; bone microstructure; glucosinolate; human osteoblast-like cell; turnip