title: A consensus definition of running-related injury in recreational runners: a modified Delphi approach.
abstract: METHODS
  Delphi study.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To reach a consensus definition of running-related injury in recreational runners through a modified Delphi approach.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Many studies have suggested the need for a standardized definition of running-related injury to provide uniformity to injury surveillance in running.
  
  
  METHODS
  We invited 112 researchers from running-related injury studies identified in a previous systematic review to classify words and terms frequently used in definitions of running-related injury in an online form during 3 rounds of study. In the last round, participants were asked to approve or disapprove the consensus definition. We considered an agreement level of at least 75% to be a consensus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-eight participants agreed to participate in the study. The response rates were 94.7% (n = 36) for the first round, 83.3% (n = 30) for the second round, and 86.7% (n = 26) for the third round. A consensus definition of running-related injury was reached, with 80% of participants approving the following: "Running-related (training or competition) musculoskeletal pain in the lower limbs that causes a restriction on or stoppage of running (distance, speed, duration, or training) for at least 7 days or 3 consecutive scheduled training sessions, or that requires the runner to consult a physician or other health professional."
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The proposed standardized definition of running-related injury could assist in standardizing the definitions used in sport science research and facilitate between-study comparisons. Future studies testing the validity of the proposed consensus definition, as well as its accurate translation to other languages, are also needed.
authors: Sao Paulo Running Injury Group (SPRunIG), Masters and Doctoral Program in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Tiê Parma
authors: TP
authors: Yamato
authors: Bruno Tirotti
authors: BT
authors: Saragiotto
authors: Alexandre Dias
authors: AD
authors: Lopes
mesh_terms: D003697:Delphi Technique; D006801:Humans; D007869:Leg Injuries; D011998:Recreation; D012420:Running / Q000293:injuries*; D009626:Terminology as Topic
keywords: jogging; judgement; lower extremity; terminology