title: Functional characterization of a novel lytic phage EcSw isolated from Sus scrofa domesticus and its potential for phage therapy.
abstract: In this study, multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli Sw1 (E. coli Sw1) and active lytic phage EcSw was isolated from feces samples of Sus scrofa domesticus (piglet) suffering from diarrhea. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) indicated that isolated EcSw belongs to the Myoviridae family with an icosahedral head (80 ± 4) and a long tail (180 ± 5 nm). The EcSw phage genome size was estimated to be approximately 75 Kb of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). Phage dynamic studies show that the latent period and burst size of EcSw were approximately 20 min and 28 PFU per cell, respectively. Interestingly, the EcSw phage can tolerate a wide range of environmental conditions, such as temperature, pH and ions (Ca(2+) and Mg(2+)). Furthermore, genome sequence analysis revealed that the lytic genes of the EcSw phage are notably similar to those of enterobacteria phages. In addition, phage-antibiotic synergy has notable effects compared with the effects of phages or antibiotics alone. Inhibition of E. coli Sw1 and 0157:H7 strains showed that the limitations of host specificity and infectivity of EcSw. Even though, it has considerable potential for phage therapy for handling the problem of the emergence of multidrug resistant pathogens.
authors: Laboratory of Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors: Maheswaran
authors: M
authors: Easwaran
authors: Laboratory of Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors: Sarita
authors: S
authors: Paudel
authors: Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: mahanama@cnu.ac.kr.
authors: Mahanama
authors: M
authors: De Zoysa
authors: Laboratory of Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: shin0089@cnu.ac.kr.
authors: Hyun-Jin
authors: HJ
authors: Shin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001691:Biological Therapy; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000821:virology; D016679:Genome, Viral; D058507:Host Specificity / Q000235:genetics; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008670:Metals; D050296:Microbial Viability; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D017900:Myoviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D034421:Sus scrofa / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology*; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D008670:Metals
keywords: Antimicrobial agent; Escherichia coli Sw1; Myoviridae phage; Phage therapy; Sus scrofa domesticus