title: Effect of Coenzyme Q10 on Th1/Th2 Paradigm in Females with Idiopathic Recurrent Pregnancy Loss.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recurrent pregnancy loss is characterized by predominant Th1-type immunity and increased reactive oxygen species. Low levels of Coenzyme Q10 are found in the plasma of RPL as compared to healthy pregnant females. Our aim was to investigate whether in vitro supplementation of PBMCs from such females with CoQ10 could change the observed Th1 bias.
  
  
  METHODS
  PBMCs were isolated from 20 RPL pregnant and non-pregnant females and 16 healthy pregnant females and incubated with CoQ10 in in vitro conditions. Phenotyping of Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells was performed by flow cytometry. Cytokine levels were determined by ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PBMCs treated with CoQ10 showed significantly decreased percentage of Th1 cells (P < 0.005) in pregnant females with history of RPL than in the untreated ones. Also, levels of IFN-γ and TNF-α were significantly decreased in the culture supernatant of treated PBMCs from RPL. DCFDA staining showed significantly reduced production of ROS in the treated PBMCs in RPL females.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CoQ10 was effective in maintaining the immune homeostasis by reducing the proportion of IFN-γ-producing T cells and proinflammatory cytokine levels in the RPL pregnant females. This property could be attributed to the capability of CoQ10 in reducing oxidative stress by decreasing ROS production.
authors: Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India.
authors: Ayantika
authors: A
authors: Talukdar
authors: Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India.
authors: Kandala Aparna
authors: KA
authors: Sharma
authors: Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India.
authors: Reeta
authors: R
authors: Rai
authors: Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India.
authors: Dipika
authors: D
authors: Deka
authors: Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India.
authors: Donthamsetty Nageshwara
authors: DN
authors: Rao
mesh_terms: D000026:Abortion, Habitual / Q000276:immunology*; D000328:Adult; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology*; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000276:immunology*; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D058504:Th17 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D014451:Ubiquinone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000276:immunology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D014451:Ubiquinone; C024989:coenzyme Q10
keywords: Coenzyme Q10; Th1-type immunity; Th2-type immunity; cytokines; reactive oxygen species; recurrent pregnancy loss