title: Cell wall composition profiling of parasitic giant dodder (Cuscuta reflexa) and its hosts: a priori differences and induced changes.
abstract: Host plant penetration is the gateway to survival for holoparasitic Cuscuta and requires host cell wall degradation. Compositional differences of cell walls may explain why some hosts are amenable to such degradation while others can resist infection. Antibody-based techniques for comprehensive profiling of cell wall epitopes and cell wall-modifying enzymes were applied to several susceptible hosts and a resistant host of Cuscuta reflexa and to the parasite itself. Infected tissue of Pelargonium zonale contained high concentrations of de-esterified homogalacturonans in the cell walls, particularly adjacent to the parasite's haustoria. High pectinolytic activity in haustorial extracts and high expression levels of pectate lyase genes suggest that the parasite contributes directly to wall remodeling. Mannan and xylan concentrations were low in P. zonale and in five susceptible tomato introgression lines, but high in the resistant Solanum lycopersicum cv M82, and in C. reflexa itself. Knowledge of the composition of resistant host cell walls and the parasite's own cell walls is useful in developing strategies to prevent infection by parasitic plants.
authors: Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsø, Norway.
authors: Hanne R
authors: HR
authors: Johnsen
authors: Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsø, Norway.
authors: Bernd
authors: B
authors: Striberny
authors: Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsø, Norway.
authors: Stian
authors: S
authors: Olsen
authors: Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1871, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
authors: Silvia
authors: S
authors: Vidal-Melgosa
authors: Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1871, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
authors: Jonatan U
authors: JU
authors: Fangel
authors: Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1871, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
authors: William G T
authors: WG
authors: Willats
authors: Department of Plant Biology, Cornell University, 412 Mann Library Building, 14853, Ithaca, NY, USA.
authors: Jocelyn K C
authors: JK
authors: Rose
authors: Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsø, Norway.
authors: Kirsten
authors: K
authors: Krause
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000378:metabolism*; D034182:Cuscuta / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D060467:Disease Resistance; D000939:Epitopes / Q000378:metabolism; D005936:Glucans / Q000378:metabolism; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000166:cytology / Q000469:parasitology*; D055432:Metabolomics; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D010271:Parasites / Q000502:physiology*; D010368:Pectins / Q000378:metabolism; D031316:Pelargonium / Q000166:cytology / Q000469:parasitology*; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000469:parasitology; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000502:physiology; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D011133:Polysaccharide-Lyases / Q000378:metabolism; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism; D014990:Xylans / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000939:Epitopes; D005936:Glucans; D011134:Polysaccharides; D014990:Xylans; C029353:xyloglucan; D010368:Pectins; D011133:Polysaccharide-Lyases; C023911:pectate lyase
keywords: Cuscuta; cell wall composition; comprehensive microarray polymer profiling (CoMPP); haustoria; microarray-based enzyme screening; parasitic plants