title: Consumption of polyphenol-rich peach and plum juice prevents risk factors for obesity-related metabolic disorders and cardiovascular disease in Zucker rats.
abstract: Polyphenols from fruits have been implied in the prevention of risk factors for cardiometabolic disorders and cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate if the consumption of peach and plum juice has a protective effect against obesity and metabolic disorders that promote the development of cardiovascular diseases. Obese Zucker and lean rats were fed with peach, plum juice ad libitum or placebo. Body weight gain, biochemical markers and molecular markers for inflammation and cardiovascular disease in heart tissue were quantified. Results show that peach and plum juice consumption protected against a combination of obesity-induced metabolic disorders including hyperglycemia, insulin and leptin resistance, dyslipidemia and low-density lipoprotein oxidation. This was accompanied by a decreased expression of pro-atherogenic and pro-inflammatory biomarkers in plasma and heart tissues including intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, NF-κB and foam cell adherence to aortic arches. In addition, peach and plum juice consumption decreased the levels of angiotensin II in plasma and its receptor Agtr1 in heart tissues, suggesting a role of peach and plum polyphenols as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ agonists. Furthermore, only plum juice significantly prevented body weight gain and increased the ratio high-density lipoprotein cholesterol/total cholesterol in plasma. This effect is most likely attributed to the plum's higher content of polyphenols (three times that of peach). Altogether, these results imply that cardioprotective effects can be achieved by replacing drinks high in sugar content with fruit juice rich in polyphenols in a diet.
authors: School of Food Science, Washington State University-University of Idaho, Pullman, WA, USA; Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA; Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA. Electronic address: giuliana.noratto@wsu.edu.
authors: Giuliana
authors: G
authors: Noratto
authors: Department of Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Vicosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
authors: Hercia S D
authors: HS
authors: Martino
authors: Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
authors: Sunday
authors: S
authors: Simbo
authors: Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Byrne
authors: Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA; Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA. Electronic address: smtalcott@tamu.edu.
authors: Susanne U
authors: SU
authors: Mertens-Talcott
mesh_terms: D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000378:metabolism; D000067030:Fruit and Vegetable Juices; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000032:analysis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000068242:Prunus domestica / Q000737:chemistry*; D000068239:Prunus persica / Q000737:chemistry*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011924:Rats, Zucker; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 / Q000819:agonists; D012307:Risk Factors; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C491766:Ccl2 protein, rat; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D007328:Insulin; D020738:Leptin; D016328:NF-kappa B; D047495:PPAR gamma; D059808:Polyphenols; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; D000804:Angiotensin II; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1
keywords: Cardiovascular risk; Metabolic syndrome; Obesity; PPAR-γ; Peach; Plum