title: Tooth-derived stem cells: Update and perspectives.
abstract: Tissue engineering is an emerging field of science that focuses on creating suitable conditions for the regeneration of tissues. The basic components for tissue engineering involve an interactive triad of scaffolds, signaling molecules, and cells. In this context, stem cells (SCs) present the characteristics of self-renewal and differentiation capacity, which make them promising candidates for tissue engineering. Although they present some common markers, such as cluster of differentiation (CD)105, CD146 and STRO-1, SCs derived from various tissues have different patterns in relation to proliferation, clonogenicity, and differentiation abilities in vitro and in vivo. Tooth-derived tissues have been proposed as an accessible source to obtain SCs with limited morbidity, and various tooth-derived SCs (TDSCs) have been isolated and characterized, such as dental pulp SCs, SCs from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, periodontal ligament SCs, dental follicle progenitor cells, SCs from apical papilla, and periodontal ligament of deciduous teeth SCs. However, heterogeneity among these populations has been observed, and the best method to select the most appropriate TDSCs for regeneration approaches has not yet been established. The objective of this review is to outline the current knowledge concerning the various types of TDSCs, and discuss the perspectives for their use in regenerative approaches.
authors: Miki Taketomi Saito, Karina Gonzales Silvério, Márcio Zaffalon Casati, Enilson Antonio Sallum, Francisco Humberto Nociti Jr, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Division of Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil.
authors: Miki Taketomi
authors: MT
authors: Saito
authors: Miki Taketomi Saito, Karina Gonzales Silvério, Márcio Zaffalon Casati, Enilson Antonio Sallum, Francisco Humberto Nociti Jr, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Division of Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil.
authors: Karina Gonzales
authors: KG
authors: Silvério
authors: Miki Taketomi Saito, Karina Gonzales Silvério, Márcio Zaffalon Casati, Enilson Antonio Sallum, Francisco Humberto Nociti Jr, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Division of Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil.
authors: Márcio Zaffalon
authors: MZ
authors: Casati
authors: Miki Taketomi Saito, Karina Gonzales Silvério, Márcio Zaffalon Casati, Enilson Antonio Sallum, Francisco Humberto Nociti Jr, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Division of Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil.
authors: Enilson Antonio
authors: EA
authors: Sallum
authors: Miki Taketomi Saito, Karina Gonzales Silvério, Márcio Zaffalon Casati, Enilson Antonio Sallum, Francisco Humberto Nociti Jr, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Division of Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil.
authors: Francisco Humberto
authors: FH
authors: Nociti
keywords: Cell-based therapy; Dental stem cells; Differentiation; Mesenchymal stem cells; Tissue engineering