title: Infraorbital groove localisation for the endoscopic decompression of the orbit in Graves' disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of our study was to determine the localisation of the inferior margin of the optic canal in relation to the infraorbital canal/groove complex (IOC/G complex) and zygomaticoorbitale (ZO) as the potential useful landmarks for reducing dangerous complications following surgical and invasive procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-four orbits of thirty-two human skulls were investigated. The distances between: the inferior margin of the optic canal and the posterior margin of the infraorbital groove measured at its medial border (OC-S); the inferior margin of the optic canal and the posterior margin of the roof of the infraorbital canal (OC-C); the inferior margin of the optic canal and the zygomaticoorbitale (OC-ZO) - were measured. The left/ /right symmetry ratio and the asymmetry index were counted. The symmetry between the contralateral measurements was analysed and statistical analysis was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On the right side the mean distance from the inferior margin of the optic canal to: the posterior margin of the infraorbital groove measured at its medial border; to the posterior margin of the roof of the infraorbital canal; and to the zygomaticoorbitale were: 23.41 ± 3.10 mm; 34.44 ± 5.30 mm; and 47.53 ± 4.13 mm, respectively. On the left side the mean distance from the inferior margin of the optic canal to: the posterior margin of the infraorbital groove measured at its medial border; to the posterior margin of the roof of the infraorbital canal; to the zygomaticoorbitale were 23.69 ± 2.80 mm; 36.75 ± 5.10 mm; 46.84 ± 3.24 mm, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presented measurements may be particularly helpful for endoscopic decompression in patients with the thyroid ophthalmopathy to avoid the complications.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Przygocka
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Jędrzejewski
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Szymański
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Wysiadecki
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Topol
authors: Medical University of Lodz. michal.polguj@umed.lodz.pl.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Polguj