title: Clinical success and longevity of band and loop compared to crown and loop space maintainers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To prospectively evaluate the success and survival rates of band and loop (B&L) compared to crown and loop (C&L) space maintainers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six children were divided into two groups (18 B&Ls and 18 C&Ls) matched for gender, age and the extracted tooth. For the study group, all clinical procedures were performed by the same paediatric dentist. Regular follow-up appointments were scheduled at 4-6 months. Comparisons in survival time and variables which might have affected the mean survival time were tested using Log rank and Chi-square tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 16 girls and 20 boys (3.4-6.3 years old) were included. The overall failure rate was 53 %. For B&Ls, the failure rate was 83 % compared to 22 % for C&Ls. The main reason for failure of B&Ls was decementation (87 %), while for C&Ls, it was solder breakage (75 %). The mean survival time for B&Ls was 18.8 months, and for C&L, it was 40.4 months (p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The failure rate and mean survival time for C&Ls were clinically and statistically significantly better than those for B&Ls. Depending on the clinical presentation of the abutment tooth and the intended life expectancy of the space maintainer among other factors, it is recommended that, where a space maintainer is indicated in the primary dentition, preference is given to C&L over B&L space maintainers.
authors: Department of Developmental and Preventive Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923, Safat, 13110, Kuwait, Kuwait. mqudeimat@hsc.edu.kw.
authors: M A
authors: MA
authors: Qudeimat
authors: Department of Developmental Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Centre, San Antonio, TX, USA.
authors: I S
authors: IS
authors: Sasa
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002484:Cementation / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003442:Crowns; D012994:Dental Soldering; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008277:Magnesium Oxide / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D008963:Molar / Q000473:pathology; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D009969:Orthodontic Wires; D011076:Polycarboxylate Cement / Q000737:chemistry; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013027:Space Maintenance, Orthodontic / Q000295:instrumentation*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014094:Tooth, Deciduous / Q000473:pathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D011076:Polycarboxylate Cement; D008277:Magnesium Oxide; C040235:Ketac-cem; D015034:Zinc Oxide
keywords: Band and loop; Crown and loop; Longevity; Space maintainer