title: Value of pentraxin-3 and galectin-3 in acute coronary syndrome: a short-term prospective cohort study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) continues to be a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Galectin-3 and pentraxin-3 are two prognostic biomarkers that have been studied in heart failure (HF). However, there are limited data on these biomarkers in the ACS population. The objective of the study was to determine the variables that are most affected by high concentrations of pentraxin-3 and galectin-3, and the influence they have on outcomes of all-cause mortality in patients with ACS.
  
  
  METHODS
  We included a total of 160 patients [ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI),n = 64; non STEMI/unstable angina (NSTEMI/UA), n = 38; and control subjects with chronic stable angina (CSA)/microvascular angina (MVA) n = 58]. Plasma pentraxin-3 and galectin-3 levels were assessed from these patients at the time of hospital admission. Major adverse cardiovascular events including all-cause mortality, rehospitalizations and coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) were assessed at 6 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median concentration of pentraxin-3 and galectin-3 were significantly higher in STEMI than in NSTEMI patients (p < 0.005) or controls (p < 0.005). Greater numbers of deaths (4 versus 0) were observed in STEMI patients with higher levels of these biomarkers. In addition, ACS patients with high levels of pentraxin-3 and galectin-3 had lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (p < 0.005), and a moderate correlation was observed between LVEF and pentraxin-3 levels (r = -0.45, p < 0.005). Patients with higher galectin-3 levels were also observed to have a lower estimated glomerular fraction rate (eGFR), and a moderate correlation was observed between them (r = -0.34, p < 0.005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pentraxin-3 and galectin-3 hold much promise in the ACS population as prognostic biomarkers.
authors: Department of Cardiology, SRM Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Kattankulathur, Kancheepuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 603203, India melvingeorge2003@gmail.com.
authors: Melvin
authors: M
authors: George
authors: Department of Cardiology, SRM Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Chennai, India.
authors: Elangovan
authors: E
authors: Shanmugam
authors: Department of Cardiology, SRM Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Chennai, India.
authors: Varsha
authors: V
authors: Srivatsan
authors: ISISM, SRM University, Chennai, India.
authors: Karunamoorthy
authors: K
authors: Vasanth
authors: Department of Community Medicine, SRM Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Chennai, India.
authors: Balaji
authors: B
authors: Ramraj
authors: Department of Cardiology, SRM Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Chennai, India.
authors: Muthukumar
authors: M
authors: Rajaram
authors: Department of Cardiology, SRM Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Chennai, India.
authors: Amrita
authors: A
authors: Jena
authors: Department of Cardiology, SRM Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Chennai, India.
authors: Aruna
authors: A
authors: Sridhar
authors: ISISM, SRM University, Chennai, India.
authors: Minakshi
authors: M
authors: Chaudhury
authors: ISISM, SRM University, Chennai, India.
authors: Ilango
authors: I
authors: Kaliappan
mesh_terms: D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000328:Adult; D000789:Angina, Unstable / Q000097:blood / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D037502:Galectin 3 / Q000097:blood*; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000683:Serum Amyloid P-Component / Q000378:metabolism*; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left; D000099153:Pentraxins
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D037502:Galectin 3; D000683:Serum Amyloid P-Component; D000099153:Pentraxins
keywords: acute coronary syndrome; all-cause mortality; estimated glomerular filtration rate; galectin-3; left ventricular ejection fraction; pentraxin-3