title: Tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) suppresses the growth of human colon cancer xenografts in Balb/C nude mice by the Wnt pathway.
abstract: Tocotrienols have been shown many biologic functions such as antioxidant, anti-cancer, maintaining fertility and regulating the immune system and so on. In this study, after feeding with tocotrienol-rich fraction from palm oil (TRF) for 2 weeks, Balb/c nude mice were inoculated human colon SW620 cancer cell and then continued to feed TRF for 4 weeks. At termination of experiments, xenografts were removed and determined the expression of Wnt-pathways related protein by immunohistochemistry or western blotting. Liver tissues were homogenated for determining the levels of antioxidative enzymes activity or malondialdehyde (MDA). The results showed that TRF significantly inhibited the growth of xenografts in nude mice. TRF also affected the activity of antioxidative enzymes in the liver tissue of mice. These changes were partly contributed to activation of wnt pathways or affecting their related protein. Thus, these finding suggested that the potent anticancer effect of TRF is associated with the regulation of Wnt signal pathways.
authors: Department of Toxicology, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, People's Republic of China; College of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
authors: Jing-Shu
authors: JS
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Toxicology, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, People's Republic of China; College of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
authors: Shu-Jing
authors: SJ
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Toxicology, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, People's Republic of China; College of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
authors: Qian
authors: Q
authors: Li
authors: Department of Toxicology, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
authors: Ying-Hua
authors: YH
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Toxicology, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
authors: Ning
authors: N
authors: He
authors: Department of Toxicology, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
authors: Jing
authors: J
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Toxicology, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, People's Republic of China; College of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
authors: Peng-Hui
authors: PH
authors: Zhou
authors: Department of Toxicology, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
authors: Min
authors: M
authors: Li
authors: Department of Toxicology, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
authors: Tong
authors: T
authors: Guan
authors: Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors: Jia-Ren
authors: JR
authors: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D000073878:Palm Oil; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D024508:Tocotrienols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity*; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D060449:Wnt Signaling Pathway / Q000187:drug effects*; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D010938:Plant Oils; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; D024508:Tocotrienols; D051176:beta Catenin; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D000073878:Palm Oil; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase