title: Associations Between Physical Activity and Metabolic Syndrome: Comparison Between Self-Report and Accelerometry.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the relationship between self-reported and objectively measured physical activity (PA) and metabolic syndrome and its risk factors in U.S. adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional design was used for this study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was set among a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adults, ages 20 years and older, from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2006 (n = 5580) participated in the study.
  
  
  METHODS
  PA measures included minutes per week of moderate plus vigorous PA estimated by self-report (MVPAsr), total 7-day accelerometry (MVPAa), and accelerometer-based MVPA performed in 10-minute bouts (MVPAb). Risk factors for metabolic syndrome included blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, and waist circumference.
  
  
  METHODS
  Odds ratios (ORs) for having metabolic syndrome were calculated for men and women who met the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans compared to those who did not.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Women who did not meet the PA guidelines had significantly greater odds of having metabolic syndrome according to MVPAsr (OR = 2.20; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.65-2.94), MVPAa (OR = 4.40; 95% CI = 2.65-7.31), and MVPAb (OR = 2.91; 95% CI = 1.42-5.96). Men had significantly higher odds of having metabolic syndrome according to MVPAa (OR = 2.57; 95% CI = 1.91-3.45) and MVPAb (OR = 2.83; 95% CI = 1.55-5.17), but not MVPAsr. These ORs remained significant after adjusting for all potential confounders except body mass index, after which only MVPAsr in women and MVPAb in men remained significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Individuals who do not meet the PA guidelines exhibited greater odds of having metabolic syndrome. This relationship tended to be stronger for objective PA measures than for self-report.
authors: Jared M. Tucker, PhD, is with the Healthy Weight Center at Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, Michigan. Gregory J. Welk, PhD, and Youngwon Kim, MS, are with the Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa. Nicholas K. Beyler, PhD, is with the Mathematica Policy Research, Washington, D.C.
authors: Jared M
authors: JM
authors: Tucker
authors: Jared M. Tucker, PhD, is with the Healthy Weight Center at Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, Michigan. Gregory J. Welk, PhD, and Youngwon Kim, MS, are with the Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa. Nicholas K. Beyler, PhD, is with the Mathematica Policy Research, Washington, D.C.
authors: Gregory J
authors: GJ
authors: Welk
authors: Jared M. Tucker, PhD, is with the Healthy Weight Center at Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, Michigan. Gregory J. Welk, PhD, and Youngwon Kim, MS, are with the Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa. Nicholas K. Beyler, PhD, is with the Mathematica Policy Research, Washington, D.C.
authors: Nicholas K
authors: NK
authors: Beyler
authors: Jared M. Tucker, PhD, is with the Healthy Weight Center at Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, Michigan. Gregory J. Welk, PhD, and Youngwon Kim, MS, are with the Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa. Nicholas K. Beyler, PhD, is with the Mathematica Policy Research, Washington, D.C.
authors: Youngwon
authors: Y
authors: Kim
mesh_terms: D061725:Accelerometry; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001794:Blood Pressure; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D057566:Self Report; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014481:United States; D055105:Waist Circumference; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D014280:Triglycerides
keywords: Guidelines; Health focus: fitness/physical activity; Manuscript format: research; NHANES; Objective; Outcome measure: biometric, morbidity; Prevention Research; Research purpose: relationship testing; Risk Factors; Setting: national; Strategy: behavior change; Study design: cross-sectional; Target population age: adults; Target population circumstances: all education levels, all income levels, all U.S. locations, all races/ethnicities