title: Classification of pro-inflammatory status for interleukin-6 affects relative muscle strength in obese elderly women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Obesity, defined by an excess amount of body fat or a percent body fat higher than 30 % for women is a complex chronic disorder with multifactorial etiology and is accompanied by chronic low-grade inflammation, which results in elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare muscle strength between high and low pro-inflammatory status in obese elderly women and to verify the relationship of IL-6 with muscle strength and fat-free mass.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-nine elderly women (age 69.47 ± 6.07 years; body mass 64.70 ± 12.04 kg; height 1.52 ± 0.06 m; body mass index 27.78 ± 4.75 kg/m(2)) were divided into two groups: high and low inflammatory status for IL-6. Lower limb muscle strength was tested using bilateral leg extension with the ten repetitions maximum test, IL-6 was measured by ELISA and body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Women classified from the high pro-inflammatory status presented lower relative muscle strength (P = 0.056) when compared with the low inflammatory status group, with no differences for absolute muscle strength (P = 0.18). There was a significant negative correlation of IL-6 with relative muscle strength (P = 0.03, R = -0.22) and a considerable trend toward significance (P = 0.06, R = -0.19) and negative association with fat-free mass (P = 0.84, R = -0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides insights that a high pro-inflammatory status in sedentary obese elderly women might impair muscle strength and negatively affect fat-free mass. Thus, elderly women classified with high pro-inflammatory status for IL-6 should receive further health care attention to prevent this deleterious condition.
authors: Graduation Program on Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia, Q.S. 07, Lote 01, EPTC, Bloco G, Taguatinga, Federal District, Brasilia, 71966-700, Brazil. dahanc@hotmail.com.|UDF - Centro Universitário, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. dahanc@hotmail.com.
authors: Dahan
authors: D
authors: da Cunha Nascimento
authors: Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty Estacio of Vitoria, Vitoria, ES, Brazil.
authors: Nuno Manuel Frade
authors: NM
authors: de Sousa
authors: Graduation Program on Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia, Q.S. 07, Lote 01, EPTC, Bloco G, Taguatinga, Federal District, Brasilia, 71966-700, Brazil.
authors: Ivo Vieira
authors: IV
authors: de Sousa Neto
authors: Graduation Program on Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia, Q.S. 07, Lote 01, EPTC, Bloco G, Taguatinga, Federal District, Brasilia, 71966-700, Brazil.
authors: Ramires Alsamir
authors: RA
authors: Tibana
authors: Graduation Program on Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia, Q.S. 07, Lote 01, EPTC, Bloco G, Taguatinga, Federal District, Brasilia, 71966-700, Brazil.|Graduation Program in Gerontology, Catholic University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil.|Graduation Program in Medical Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil.
authors: Vinicius Carolino
authors: VC
authors: de Souza
authors: Graduation Program on Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia, Q.S. 07, Lote 01, EPTC, Bloco G, Taguatinga, Federal District, Brasilia, 71966-700, Brazil.|UDF - Centro Universitário, Brasilia, DF, Brazil.
authors: Denis Cesar Leite
authors: DC
authors: Vieira
authors: Graduation Program on Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia, Q.S. 07, Lote 01, EPTC, Bloco G, Taguatinga, Federal District, Brasilia, 71966-700, Brazil.
authors: Nathalia Ferreira
authors: NF
authors: Camarço
authors: Graduation Program on Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia, Q.S. 07, Lote 01, EPTC, Bloco G, Taguatinga, Federal District, Brasilia, 71966-700, Brazil.
authors: Sandra
authors: S
authors: de Oliveira
authors: Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Brazil.
authors: Jeeser Alves
authors: JA
authors: de Almeida
authors: Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
authors: James
authors: J
authors: Navalta
authors: Graduation Program on Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia, Q.S. 07, Lote 01, EPTC, Bloco G, Taguatinga, Federal District, Brasilia, 71966-700, Brazil. jonatop@gmail.com.
authors: Jonato
authors: J
authors: Prestes
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon / Q000379:methods; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D001823:Body Composition / Q000276:immunology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000276:immunology*; D035002:Lower Extremity / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D013223:Statistics as Topic
chemical_list: C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6
keywords: Aging; Inflammation; Interleukin-6; Muscle strength