title: Biliary ochratoxin A as a biomarker of ochratoxin exposure in laying hens: An experimental study after administration of contaminated diets.
abstract: To evaluate the levels of ochratoxin (OTA) in kidney, liver and bile of laying hens, forty-five laying hens were enrolled in this study and divided into three equal groups: a control group D₀, and two experimental groups, D₁ fed with 10 µg/kg OTA diet and D₂ fed with 200 µg/kg OTA diet for 6 weeks. Kidneys, livers, and bile from all hens were collected and analyzed by HPLC method for the presence of OTA. Eggs collected 2 days before the start of the experiment and 2 days after its end were also analyzed for the presence of OTA. Results show a relevant biliary excretion of the mycotoxin, with high levels of OTA in the bile after administration of the toxin. OTA level in eggs was below the limit of detection (LOD). These results suggest the suitability of using bile as a matrix for screening measurements of OTA in laying hens.
authors: Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, School of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine- Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano Emilia (BO) 40064, Italy.
authors: Sara
authors: S
authors: Armorini
authors: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
authors: Khaled Mefleh
authors: KM
authors: Al-Qudah
authors: Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, School of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine- Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano Emilia (BO) 40064, Italy.
authors: Alberto
authors: A
authors: Altafini
authors: Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, School of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine- Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano Emilia (BO) 40064, Italy.
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: Zaghini
authors: Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, School of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine- Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano Emilia (BO) 40064, Italy. Electronic address: paola.roncada@unibo.it.
authors: Paola
authors: P
authors: Roncada
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000382:microbiology*; D000818:Animals; D001646:Bile / Q000737:chemistry; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002645:Chickens; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005260:Female; D005516:Food Microbiology; D009793:Ochratoxins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D009793:Ochratoxins; C025589:ochratoxin A
keywords: Bile; HPLC; Laying hens; Ochratoxin A