title: n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and adiponectin in patients with end-stage renal disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In subjects without kidney disease, adiponectin appears to have anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and anti-atherogenic effects. n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) from seafood have several beneficial effects in patients with endstage renal disease (ESRD) and the aim of the present study was to assess the effect of n-3 PUFA supplementation on plasma adiponectin levels in ESRD patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a double blinded intervention trial, 162 ESRD patients (mean age 67 years Â ± 13, 56 women and 106 men) undergoing chronic hemodialysis were randomized to 1.7 g n-3 PUFA daily or placebo for 3 months. Adiponectin, plasma lipids and lipoproteins were measured at baseline and after the intervention period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline, adiponectin was positively correlated to HDL-cholesterol (r = 0.55, p < 0.001) and inversely correlated to plasma triglycerides, body mass index (BMI) and high sensitive C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP) (r = -0.32, p < 0.01, r = -0.43, p < 0.01, and r = -0.21, p < 0.01, respectively). Furthermore, adiponectin was inversely correlated to the plasma levels of the two major n-3 PUFA docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (r = -0.19, p < 0.001, and r = -0.30, p < 0.001, respectively). Baseline plasma adiponectin levels were high in both groups but after 3 months of supplementation no significant change was observed in the groups. Thus, n-3 PUFA supplementation did not change adiponectin levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found an elevated plasma adiponectin level, which was inversely associated with plasma levels of DHA and EPA at baseline. Supplementation with n-3 PUFAs for 3 months did not change adiponectin levels. The negative result in this study may be related to a relatively low dose and future studies with higher dose and longer duration are needed to explore this mechanism.
authors: Frederik
authors: F
authors: Harving
authors: My
authors: M
authors: Svensson
authors: Allan
authors: A
authors: Flyvbjerg
authors: Erik B
authors: EB
authors: Schmidt
authors: Kaj A
authors: KA
authors: Jørgensen
authors: Helle H
authors: HH
authors: Eriksen
authors: Jeppe H
authors: JH
authors: Christensen
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D003718:Denmark; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004338:Drug Combinations; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D004338:Drug Combinations; D014280:Triglycerides; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid; C405603:Omacor