title: An SCD gene from the Mollusca and its upregulation in carotenoid-enriched scallops.
abstract: Carotenoids are a diverse group of red, orange, and yellow pigments that act as vitamin A precursors and antioxidants. Animals can only obtain carotenoids through their diets. Amongst the carotenoids identified in nature, over one third are of marine origin, but current research on carotenoid absorption in marine species is limited. Bivalves possess an adductor muscle, which is normally white in scallops. However, a new variety of Yesso scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis), the 'Haida golden scallop', can be distinguished by its adductor muscle's orange colour, which is caused by carotenoid accumulation. Studying the genes related to carotenoid accumulation in this scallop could benefit our understanding of the mechanisms underlying carotenoid absorption in marine organisms, and it could further improve scallop breeding for carotenoid content. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the production of monounsaturated fatty acids, which enhance carotenoid absorption. Here, the full-length cDNA and genomic DNA sequences of the SCD gene from the Yesso scallop (PySCD) were obtained. The PySCD gene consisted of four exons and three introns, and it contained a 990-bp open reading frame encoding 329 amino acids. It was ubiquitously expressed in adult tissues, embryos and larvae of both white Yesso scallops and 'Haida golden' scallops. Although the expression pattern of PySCD in both types of scallops was similar, significantly more PySCD transcripts were detected in the 'Haida golden' scallops than in the white scallops. Elevated PySCD expression was found in tissues including the adductor muscle, digestive gland, and gonad, as well as in veliger larvae. This study represents the first characterisation of an SCD gene from the Mollusca. Our data imply that PySCD functions in multiple biological processes, and it might be involved in carotenoid accumulation.
authors: Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (MGB), Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
authors: Xue
authors: X
authors: Li
authors: Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (MGB), Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
authors: Xianhui
authors: X
authors: Ning
authors: Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (MGB), Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
authors: Jinzhuang
authors: J
authors: Dou
authors: Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (MGB), Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
authors: Qian
authors: Q
authors: Yu
authors: Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (MGB), Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
authors: Shuyue
authors: S
authors: Wang
authors: Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (MGB), Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
authors: Lingling
authors: L
authors: Zhang
authors: Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (MGB), Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
authors: Shi
authors: S
authors: Wang
authors: Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (MGB), Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China. Electronic address: hxl707@ouc.edu.cn.
authors: Xiaoli
authors: X
authors: Hu
authors: Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (MGB), Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
authors: Zhenmin
authors: Z
authors: Bao
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000096:biosynthesis; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009928:Organ Specificity; D049897:Pectinidae / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D002338:Carotenoids; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase
keywords: Carotenoid accumulation; Gene expression; Stearoyl-CoA desaturase; Yesso scallop