title: Modeling the injury prevention impact of mandatory alcohol ignition interlock installation in all new US vehicles.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We estimated the injury prevention impact and cost savings associated with alcohol interlock installation in all new US vehicles.
  
  
  METHODS
  We identified fatal and nonfatal injuries associated with drinking driver vehicle crashes from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System and National Automotive Sampling System's General Estimates System data sets (2006-2010). We derived the estimated impact of universal interlock installation using an estimate of the proportion of alcohol-related crashes that were preventable in vehicles < 1 year-old. We repeated this analysis for each subsequent year, assuming a 15-year implementation. We applied existing crash-induced injury cost metrics to approximate economic savings, and we used a sensitivity analysis to examine results with varying device effectiveness.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Over 15 years, 85% of crash fatalities (> 59 000) and 84% to 88% of nonfatal injuries (> 1.25 million) attributed to drinking drivers would be prevented, saving an estimated $342 billion in injury-related costs, with the greatest injury and cost benefit realized among recently legal drinking drivers. Cost savings outweighed installation costs after 3 years, with the policy remaining cost effective provided device effectiveness remained above approximately 25%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Alcohol interlock installation in all new vehicles is likely a cost-effective primary prevention policy that will substantially reduce alcohol-involved crash fatalities and injuries, especially among young vulnerable drivers.
authors: Patrick M. Carter and Rebecca M. Cunningham are with the Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Jonathan D. Rupp, Carol A. C. Flannagan, and C. Raymond Bingham are with the University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute, Ann Arbor.
authors: Patrick M
authors: PM
authors: Carter
authors: Carol A C
authors: CA
authors: Flannagan
authors: C Raymond
authors: CR
authors: Bingham
authors: Rebecca M
authors: RM
authors: Cunningham
authors: Jonathan D
authors: JD
authors: Rupp
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000435:Alcoholic Intoxication / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D001944:Breath Tests / Q000295:instrumentation*; D017046:Cost Savings; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017059:Models, Econometric; D011482:Protective Devices / Q000191:economics*; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000191:economics / Q000517:prevention & control