title: Integrating epigenetic modulators into NanoScript for enhanced chondrogenesis of stem cells.
abstract: N-(4-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-2-ethoxybenzamide (CTB) is a small molecule that functions by altering the chromatin architecture to modulate gene expression. We report a new CTB derivative with increased solubility and demonstrate CTB's functionality by conjugating it on the recently established NanoScript platform to enhance gene expression and induce stem cell differentiation. NanoScript is a nanoparticle-based artificial transcription factor that emulates the structure and function of transcription factor proteins (TFs) to effectively regulate endogenous gene expression. Modifying NanoScript with CTB will more closely replicate the TF structure and enhance CTB functionality and gene expression. To this end, we first conjugated CTB onto NanoScript and initiated a time-dependent increase in histone acetyltransferase activity. Next, because CTB is known to trigger the pathway involved in regulating Sox9, a master regulator of chondrogenic differentiation, we modifed a Sox9-specific NanoScript with CTB to enhance chondrogenic gene activity and differentiation. Because NanoScript is a tunable and robust platform, it has potential for various gene-regulating applications, such as stem cell differentiation.
authors: †Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8087, United States.|§Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) and ∥Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
authors: Sahishnu
authors: S
authors: Patel
authors: †Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8087, United States.|§Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) and ∥Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
authors: Thanapat
authors: T
authors: Pongkulapa
authors: †Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8087, United States.|§Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) and ∥Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
authors: Perry T
authors: PT
authors: Yin
authors: †Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8087, United States.|§Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) and ∥Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
authors: Ganesh N
authors: GN
authors: Pandian
authors: †Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8087, United States.|§Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) and ∥Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
authors: Christopher
authors: C
authors: Rathnam
authors: †Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8087, United States.|§Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) and ∥Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
authors: Toshikazu
authors: T
authors: Bando
authors: †Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8087, United States.|§Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) and ∥Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
authors: Thangavel
authors: T
authors: Vaijayanthi
authors: †Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8087, United States.|§Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) and ∥Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Sugiyama
authors: †Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8087, United States.|§Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) and ∥Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
authors: Ki-Bum
authors: KB
authors: Lee
mesh_terms: D001549:Benzamides / Q000737:chemistry; D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020219:Chondrogenesis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001549:Benzamides; D014157:Transcription Factors