title: Internalizing and externalizing psychopathology as predictors of cannabis use disorder onset during adolescence and early adulthood.
abstract: Risk-related liabilities associated with the development of cannabis use disorders (CUDs) during adolescence and early adulthood are thought to be established well before the emergence of the index episode. In this study, internalizing and externalizing psychopathology from earlier developmental periods were evaluated as risk factors for CUDs during adolescence and early adulthood. Participants (N = 816) completed 4 diagnostic assessments between the ages 16 and 30, during which current and past CUDs were assessed as well as a full range of psychiatric disorders associated with internalizing and externalizing psychopathology domains. In unadjusted and adjusted time-to-event analyses, externalizing but not internalizing psychopathology from proximal developmental periods predicted subsequent CUD onset. A large proportion of adolescent and early adult cases, however, did not manifest any externalizing or internalizing psychopathology during developmental periods before CUD onset. Findings are consistent with the emerging view that externalizing disorders from proximal developmental periods are robust risk factors for CUDs. Although the identification of externalizing liabilities may aid in the identification of individuals at risk for embarking on developmental pathways that culminate in CUDs, such liabilities are an incomplete indication of overall risk.
authors: Oregon Research Institute.
authors: Richard F
authors: RF
authors: Farmer
authors: Oregon Research Institute.
authors: John R
authors: JR
authors: Seeley
authors: Oregon Research Institute.
authors: Derek B
authors: DB
authors: Kosty
authors: Oregon Research Institute.
authors: Jeff M
authors: JM
authors: Gau
authors: Oregon Research Institute.
authors: Susan C
authors: SC
authors: Duncan
authors: Addictions Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College.
authors: Michael T
authors: MT
authors: Lynskey
authors: Oregon Research Institute.
authors: Peter M
authors: PM
authors: Lewinsohn
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D019958:Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D002188:Cannabis; D019955:Conduct Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D002189:Marijuana Abuse / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D008385:Marijuana Smoking; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D009922:Oregon / Q000453:epidemiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult