title: Protective effect of leaf essential oil from Cinnamomum osmophloeum Kanehira on endotoxin-induced intestinal injury in mice associated with suppressed local expression of molecules in the signaling pathways of TLR4 and NLRP3.
abstract: Endotoxin is a potent microbial mediator implicated in sepsis. We investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of leaf essential oil from Cinnamomum osmophloeum Kanehira (CO) of the linalool chemotype on endotoxin-injected mice. Mice were administered CO or vehicle by gavage before endotoxin injection and were killed 12 h after injection. Neither growth nor the organ weight or tissue weight to body weight ratio was affected by CO treatment. CO significantly lowered peripheral levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, interferon-γ, and nitric oxide and inhibited the expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation primary response gene (88), myeloid differentiation factor 2, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase-recruitment domain (ASC), caspase-1, and Nod-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3). CO also inhibited the activation of nuclear factor-ĸB, inhibited the activity of caspase-1 in small intestine, and ameliorated intestinal edema. Our data provide strong evidence for a protective effect of CO of the linalool chemotype in the endotoxin-induced systemic inflammatory response in close association with suppression of the TLR4 and NLRP3 signaling pathways in intestine.
authors: Department of BioIndustry Technology, Da-Yeh University, No. 168, University Rd., Dacun, Changhua, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors: Shih-Chieh
authors: SC
authors: Lee
authors: School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1, Chien Kuo N. Rd., Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors: Jie-Sheng
authors: JS
authors: Hsu
authors: School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1, Chien Kuo N. Rd., Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors: Chien-Chun
authors: CC
authors: Li
authors: Department of Parasitology, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1, Chien Kuo N. Rd., Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors: Ke-Ming
authors: KM
authors: Chen
authors: School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1, Chien Kuo N. Rd., Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China; Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, No. 110, Sec. 1, Chien Kuo N. Rd., Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors: Cheng-Tzu
authors: CT
authors: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001835:Body Weight; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D027424:Cinnamomum / Q000737:chemistry*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000009:adverse effects; D007082:Ileum / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D007422:Intestines / Q000473:pathology; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008643:Mesentery; D051379:Mice; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D000071199:NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009929:Organ Size; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D018746:Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000378:metabolism*; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D016207:Cytokines; D004731:Endotoxins; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D016328:NF-kappa B; D000071199:NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein; D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; C492716:Nlrp3 protein, mouse; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D020011:Protective Agents; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase