title: Steroidogenesis-related gene expression in the rat ovary exposed to melatonin supplementation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze steroidogenesis-related gene expression in the rat ovary exposed to melatonin supplementation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two virgin adult female rats were randomized to two groups as follows: the control group GI received vehicle and the experimental group GII received melatonin supplementation (10 µg/night per animal) for 60 consecutive days. After the treatment, animals were anesthetized and the collected ovaries were immediately placed in liquid nitrogen for complementary deoxyribonucleic acid microarray analyses. A GeneChip(®) Kit Rat Genome 230 2.0 Affymetrix Array was used for gene analysis and the experiment was repeated three times for each group. The results were normalized with the GeneChip(®) Operating Software program and confirmed through analysis with the secondary deoxyribonucleic acid-Chip Analyzer (dChip) software. The data were confirmed by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis. Genes related to ovarian function were further confirmed by immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found the upregulation of the type 9 adenylate cyclase and inhibin beta B genes and the downregulation of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element modulator and cytochrome P450 family 17a1 genes in the ovarian tissue of GII compared to those of the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that melatonin supplementation decreases gene expression of cyclic adenosine monophosphate, which changes ovarian steroidogenesis.
authors: Department of Gynecology, Paulista School of Medicine at Federal University of São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors: Gisele Negro
authors: GN
authors: Lima
authors: Department of Gynecology, Paulista School of Medicine at Federal University of São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors: Carla Cristina
authors: CC
authors: Maganhin
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP/USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors: Ricardo Santos
authors: RS
authors: Simões
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP/USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors: Maria Cândida Pinheiro
authors: MC
authors: Baracat
authors: Department of Morphology and Genetics, (EPM/UNIFESP), Paulista School of Medicine at Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors: Gisela Rodrigues da Silva
authors: GR
authors: Sasso
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP/USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors: Luiz Fernando Portugal
authors: LF
authors: Fuchs
authors: Department of Morphology and Genetics, (EPM/UNIFESP), Paulista School of Medicine at Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors: Manuel de Jesus
authors: Mde J
authors: Simões
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP/USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors: Edmund Chada
authors: EC
authors: Baracat
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP/USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors: José Maria
authors: JM
authors: Soares Júnior
mesh_terms: D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D051786:Cyclic AMP Response Element Modulator / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects*; D028322:Inhibin-beta Subunits / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008550:Melatonin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D023421:Models, Animal; D010053:Ovary / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018075:RNA, Complementary / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011897:Random Allocation; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D013254:Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis / Q000379:methods; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: C497412:Crem protein, rat; C498905:Inhbb protein, mouse; D018075:RNA, Complementary; D051786:Cyclic AMP Response Element Modulator; D028322:Inhibin-beta Subunits; D000242:Cyclic AMP; C582555:CYP17A1 protein, rat; D013254:Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases; C413923:adenylate cyclase 9; D008550:Melatonin