title: Relationships between the smoking status and plasma fibrinogen, white blood cell count and serum C-reactive protein in Japanese workers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Confirmation of the association between smoking status and biological inflammatory or anticoagulant markers is required in the field of occupational therapy to promote anti-smoking education. The associations between the smoking status and biological markers were clarified.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was performed in 5102 working men aged 30-60 years old. The author measured the plasma fibrinogen, white blood cell count (WBC) and serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) as biomarkers of the smoking status.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjustment for age, the mean plasma fibrinogen level in never-smokers was significantly lower than that in current smokers. The mean WBC count was also significantly lower in the never-smokers than that in current smokers and ex-smokers who had quit within the previous 1 year. Furthermore, the mean log-transformed serum CRP value in never-smokers was significantly lower than that in current smokers smoking ≥20 cigarettes daily. Spearman's rank correlation coefficients between the plasma fibrinogen and the serum CRP and WBC were 0.561 and 0.243, respectively. The mean plasma fibrinogen, serum CRP and WBC count in the ex-smokers showed a trend toward decreasing as the duration of abstinence became longer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among the three biomarkers, the plasma fibrinogen was the most strongly associated with the smoking status, its value being to be the highest in current smokers smoking ≥20 cigarettes daily. The same trend was also observed for the WBC count.
authors: Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Nippon Medical School, Japan. Electronic address: kawada@nms.ac.jp.
authors: Tomoyuki
authors: T
authors: Kawada
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D066192:Manufacturing Industry; D008875:Middle Aged; D012907:Smoking / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D005340:Fibrinogen; D002097:C-Reactive Protein
keywords: C-reactive protein; Fibrinogen; Smoking; White blood cell count