title: Synthetic bone mimetic matrix-mediated in situ bone tissue formation through host cell recruitment.
abstract: Advances in tissue engineering have offered new opportunities to restore anatomically and functionally compromised tissues. Although traditional tissue engineering approaches that utilize biomaterials and cells to create tissue constructs for implantation or biomaterials as a scaffold to deliver cells are promising, strategies that can activate endogenous cells to promote tissue repair are more clinically attractive. Here, we demonstrate that an engineered injectable matrix mimicking a calcium phosphate (CaP)-rich bone-specific microenvironment can recruit endogenous cells to form bone tissues in vivo. Comparison of matrix alone with that of bone marrow-soaked or bFGF-soaked matrix demonstrates similar extent of neo-bone formation and bridging of decorticated transverse processes in a posterolateral lumbar fusion rat model. Synthetic biomaterials that stimulate endogenous cells without the need for biologics to assist tissue repair could circumvent limitations associated with conventional tissue engineering approaches, including ex vivo cell processing and laborious efforts, thereby accelerating the translational aspects of regenerative medicine.
authors: Department of Bioengineering, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
authors: Yu-Ru
authors: YR
authors: Shih
authors: Department of Bioengineering, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
authors: Ameya
authors: A
authors: Phadke
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan.
authors: Tomonori
authors: T
authors: Yamaguchi
authors: Department of Bioengineering, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
authors: Heemin
authors: H
authors: Kang
authors: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan.
authors: Nozomu
authors: N
authors: Inoue
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. Electronic address: komasuda@ucsd.edu.
authors: Koichi
authors: K
authors: Masuda
authors: Department of Bioengineering, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. Electronic address: svarghese@ucsd.edu.
authors: Shyni
authors: S
authors: Varghese
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D001846:Bone Development; D001857:Bone Matrix / Q000737:chemistry*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000295:instrumentation; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005264:Femoral Fractures / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D010012:Osteogenesis; D051381:Rats; D011923:Rats, Nude; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; C020243:calcium phosphate
keywords: Biomimetic materials; Biomineralization; Bone grafts; Posterolateral fusion; Spine