title: Urinary CXCL1: a novel predictor of IgA nephropathy progression.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common form of primary glomerulonephritis worldwide. In recent years, consistent efforts have been made to develop new non-invasive biomarkers for IgAN progression. In our previous in vitro study we found mesangial derived CXCL1 as a contributor for kidney injury, and observed higher urinary CXCL1 levels in patients with IgAN. It implied that the urinary CXCL1 might be a potential biomarker.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the present study, we enrolled 425 IgAN patients with follow-up data and detected their urinary CXCL1 levels at the time of renal biopsy, to explore the predictive value of urinary CXCL1 in IgAN progression. Urinary CXCL1 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Urinary CXCL1 levels were associated with presently well established predictors of IgAN progression, including SBP (r = 0.138, p = 0.004), DBP (r = 0.114, p = 0.019), proteinuria (r = 0.155, p = 0.001), eGFR (r = -0.259, p<0.001) and tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis (r = 0.181, p<0.001). After adjusted for them, higher levels of urinary CXCL1 were independently associated with a greater risk of deterioration in renal function (HR, per s.d. increment of natural log-transformed CXCL1: 1.748; 95% CI: 1.222-2.499, P = 0.002). Furthermore, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that urinary CXCL1, when combined with proteinuria and eGFR, could enhance the prognostic value of these traditional predictors for IgAN progression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results in our present study suggested urinary CXCL1 as a new non-invasive predictor of IgAN progression.
authors: Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China; Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
authors: Yanfeng
authors: Y
authors: Zhao
authors: Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China; Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
authors: Li
authors: L
authors: Zhu
authors: Renal Division, Department of Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Aksu District, Xinjiang, China.
authors: Tong
authors: T
authors: Zhou
authors: Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China; Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
authors: Qingxian
authors: Q
authors: Zhang
authors: Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China; Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
authors: Sufang
authors: S
authors: Shi
authors: Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China; Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
authors: Lijun
authors: L
authors: Liu
authors: Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China; Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
authors: Jicheng
authors: J
authors: Lv
authors: Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China; Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
authors: Hong
authors: H
authors: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D054360:Chemokine CXCL1 / Q000652:urine*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005922:Glomerulonephritis, IGA / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000652:urine*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: C475829:CXCL1 protein, human; D054360:Chemokine CXCL1