title: Temporal assessment of pancreatic blood flow and perfusion following secretin stimulation using noninvasive MRI.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To dynamically quantify pancreatic perfusion and flow within the arteries supplying the pancreas in response to secretin stimulation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve healthy male subjects were scanned at 1.5T with arterial spin labeling to measure tissue perfusion and phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to measure vessel flow. Superior mesenteric (SMA), gastroduodenal (GDA), common hepatic (HA), and splenic (SA) arterial flow and pancreatic perfusion were serially measured for 50 minutes following 1 IU/kg intravenous secretin. The significance of differences between timepoints was tested using a repeated measures one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Baseline blood flow (mean ± SEM or median [IQR]) for SMA, HA, SA, and GDA was 7.6 ± 1.3, 4.0 ± 0.5, 8.2 ± 0.8, and 0.9 (0.8-1.4) ml/s, respectively. Baseline pancreatic perfusion was 200 ± 25 ml/100g/min. Blood flow increased in the SMA (234%, P < 0.0001) and GDA (155%, P = 0.015) immediately after secretin injection. Reduced HA blood flow was observed after 10 minutes (P = 0.066) with no change in SA flow (P = 0.533). Increased pancreatic perfusion was maintained for 40 minutes after injection with a maximal increase at 5 minutes (16.8%, P = 0.025).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intravenous secretin resulted in significant temporal changes in pancreatic perfusion and arterial blood flow.
authors: Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
authors: Eleanor F
authors: EF
authors: Cox
authors: Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Unit, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK.
authors: Janette K
authors: JK
authors: Smith
authors: Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Unit, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK.
authors: Abeed H
authors: AH
authors: Chowdhury
authors: Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Unit, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK.
authors: Dileep N
authors: DN
authors: Lobo
authors: Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
authors: Susan T
authors: ST
authors: Francis
authors: Department of General Surgery, Harrogate District Hospital, Lancaster Park Road, Harrogate, N Yorks, UK.
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Simpson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003287:Contrast Media; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D010179:Pancreas / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000502:physiology; D012633:Secretin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013113:Spin Labels; D013995:Time; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D013113:Spin Labels; D012633:Secretin
keywords: arterial spin labeling; pancreas; phase contrast; secretin; temporal response