title: miR-30-HNF4γ and miR-194-NR2F2 regulatory networks contribute to the upregulation of metaplasia markers in the stomach.
abstract: Intestinal metaplasia and spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia (SPEM) are considered neoplastic precursors of gastric adenocarcinoma and are both marked by gene expression alterations in comparison to normal stomach. Since miRNAs are important regulators of gene expression, we sought to investigate the role of miRNAs on the development of stomach metaplasias.
  
  
  
  We performed miRNA profiling using a quantitative reverse transcription-PCR approach on laser capture microdissected human intestinal metaplasia and SPEM. Data integration of the miRNA profile with a previous mRNA profile from the same samples was performed to detect potential miRNA-mRNA regulatory circuits. Transfection of gastric cancer cell lines with selected miRNA mimics and inhibitors was used to evaluate their effects on the expression of putative targets and additional metaplasia markers.
  
  
  
  We identified several genes as potential targets of miRNAs altered during metaplasia progression. We showed evidence that HNF4γ (upregulated in intestinal metaplasia) is targeted by miR-30 and that miR-194 targets a known co-regulator of HNF4 activity, NR2F2 (downregulated in intestinal metaplasia). Intestinal metaplasia markers such as VIL1, TFF2 and TFF3 were downregulated after overexpression of miR-30a in a HNF4γ-dependent manner. In addition, overexpression of HNF4γ was sufficient to induce the expression of VIL1 and this effect was potentiated by downregulation of NR2F2.
  
  
  
  The interplay of the two transcription factors HNF4γ and NR2F2 and their coordinate regulation by miR-30 and miR-194, respectively, represent a miRNA to transcription factor network responsible for the expression of intestinal transcripts in stomach cell lineages during the development of intestinal metaplasia.
authors: Nashville VA Medical Center and the Epithelial Biology Center and Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
authors: Josane F
authors: JF
authors: Sousa
authors: Nashville VA Medical Center and the Epithelial Biology Center and Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Seoul, Korea Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Ki Taek
authors: KT
authors: Nam
authors: Nashville VA Medical Center and the Epithelial Biology Center and Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
authors: Christine P
authors: CP
authors: Petersen
authors: Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Hyuk-Joon
authors: HJ
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Han-Kwang
authors: HK
authors: Yang
authors: Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Woo Ho
authors: WH
authors: Kim
authors: Nashville VA Medical Center and the Epithelial Biology Center and Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
authors: James R
authors: JR
authors: Goldenring
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D051837:COUP Transcription Factor II / Q000235:genetics; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000473:pathology; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D051557:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4 / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008679:Metaplasia / Q000235:genetics; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D008840:Microfilament Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D010455:Peptides / Q000235:genetics; D013270:Stomach / Q000473:pathology; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D014162:Transfection; D000071164:Trefoil Factor-2 / Q000235:genetics; D000071165:Trefoil Factor-3 / Q000235:genetics; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D051837:COUP Transcription Factor II; D051557:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D035683:MicroRNAs; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D010455:Peptides; D000071164:Trefoil Factor-2; D000071165:Trefoil Factor-3; C496597:HNF4G protein, human; C554846:MIRN194 microRNA, human; C546086:MIRN30b microRNA, human; C000604007:TFF2 protein, human; C082495:TFF3 protein, human; C569754:VIL1 protein, human; C451060:spasmolytic polypeptide; C095569:NR2F2 protein, human
keywords: GASTRIC ADENOCARCINOMA; GASTRIC CANCER; GASTRIC EPITHELIAL CELL FUNCTION; GASTRIC METAPLASIA; GASTRIC PRE-CANCER