title: Immune and oxidative response to linseed in the diet of periparturient Holstein cows.
abstract: The aim of this research was to determine the influence of dietary replacement of n-6 with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on cellular immunity and oxidative stress in the transition period dairy cows. The experiment was conducted on 20 dairy Holstein cows from 3 ± 1 weeks before parturition until the 6th week of lactation. Both groups were fed an iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diet. Soybean meal from control (C) group was replaced with linseed in the experimental (LS) group. Cellular immunity and oxidative stress were measured on days -10, 1, 21 and 42 relative to parturition. During the entire experimental period, the proportion of CD45+ cells was lower (P<0.05) in LS group compared with the C group. The phagocytosis ability and phagocytosis index of cows fed with n-3 fatty acids were significantly reduced (P<0.05) compared with the group of cows fed with n-6 fatty acids. The most severe decrease in phagocytosis ability was on day -10 and 1 relative to parturition. The activity of superoxide dismutase (P<0.05) and plasma glutathione peroxidase (P<0.05) increased around calving, although activities were not influenced by dietary treatment. Increased malondialdehyde concentration (P<0.05) was influenced by dietary n-3 fatty acids and the time relative to parturition. The immune suppression was most pronounced during periparturient period. In that matter we can conclude that not only dietary n-3 fatty acids but also oxidative stress, which reached peak at time of parturition, contributed to the reduced cellular immunity during the periparturient period.
authors: 1Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture,K. P. Svacica 1D,31000 Osijek,Croatia.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Đidara
authors: 2Department of Pathophysiology, Veterinary Faculty,Heinzelova 55,10000 Zagreb,Croatia.
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Poljičak-Milas
authors: 3Department of Physiology and Radiobiology, Veterinary Faculty,Heinzelova 55,10000 Zagreb,Croatia.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Milinković-Tur
authors: 4Department of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics, Veterinary Faculty,Heinzelova 55,10000 Zagreb,Croatia.
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Mašek
authors: 5Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Faculty,Heinzelova 55,10000 Zagreb,Croatia.
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Šuran
authors: 1Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture,K. P. Svacica 1D,31000 Osijek,Croatia.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Pavić
authors: 2Department of Pathophysiology, Veterinary Faculty,Heinzelova 55,10000 Zagreb,Croatia.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Kardum
authors: 1Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture,K. P. Svacica 1D,31000 Osijek,Croatia.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Šperanda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology*; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D019597:Flax / Q000737:chemistry*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000187:drug effects*; D007774:Lactation / Q000502:physiology; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D016014:Linear Models; D008043:Linseed Oil / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D036801:Parturition; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D013025:Glycine max / Q000737:chemistry; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D008043:Linseed Oil; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens
keywords: dairy cows; fatty acids; immune response; linseed; oxidative stress