title: Novel use of platelet-rich fibrin matrix and MTA as an apical barrier in the management of a failed revascularization case.
abstract: METHODS
  We report management of a failed revascularization/revitalization case, which could be due to inadequate removal of biofilm and bacteria in dentinal tubules. The use of an apical matrix barrier in form of a platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) membrane for stabilization of MTA in root end apexification procedure is described. The canal was cleansed of old MTA present in the cervical third using H files, irrigated using saline and finally irrigated with 2.5% NaOCl and saline. To obtain canal disinfection, calcium hydroxide paste was temporized in the canal. In subsequent appointments, PRF was placed at the root tip followed by 5-mm apical plug with mineral trioxide aggregate. One week later, the root canal was obturated with thermoplasticized gutta-percha. A 6-month and a 2-year follow ups showed reduction of periapical radiolucency and adequately functional tooth.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One-visit apexification techniques provide an alternative treatment for failed revascularization cases. Follow up confirmed complete healing periradicularly.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Apexification in one step using an apical barrier of PRF and a plug of MTA can be considered a predictable treatment and may be an alternative to long-term revascularization failures.
authors: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India.
authors: Pankaj
authors: P
authors: Yadav
authors: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India.
authors: Preeti Jain
authors: PJ
authors: Pruthi
authors: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India.
authors: Ruchika Roongta
authors: RR
authors: Naval
authors: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India.
authors: Sangeeta
authors: S
authors: Talwar
authors: Department of Prosthodontics, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India.
authors: Mahesh
authors: M
authors: Verma
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000378:metabolism*; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003787:Dental Pulp Devitalization; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D005337:Fibrin / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D010087:Oxides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019233:Retreatment; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017640:Silicates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019227:Tooth Apex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D004338:Drug Combinations; D010087:Oxides; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D017640:Silicates; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate; D005337:Fibrin
keywords: apexification; mineral trioxide aggregate; platelet-rich fibrin; revascularization failure